Business and Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Business and Basis of Presentation

Business and Basis of Presentation

Jackson Financial Inc. (“Jackson Financial”) along with its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company,” which also may be referred to as “we,” “our” or “us”), is a financial services company focused on helping Americans grow and protect their retirement savings and income to enable them to pursue financial freedom for life. Jackson Financial, domiciled in the state of Delaware in the United States (“U.S.”), was a majority-owned subsidiary of Prudential plc (“Prudential”), London, England, and was the holding company for Prudential’s U.S. operations. As described below under "Other," the Company's demerger from Prudential was completed on September 13, 2021 ("Demerger"), and the Company is a stand-alone United States ("U.S.") public company.

Jackson Financial’s primary life insurance subsidiary, Jackson National Life Insurance Company and its insurance subsidiaries (collectively, “Jackson”), is licensed to sell group and individual annuity products (including immediate, registered index-linked, deferred fixed, fixed index and variable annuities), and individual life insurance products, including variable universal life, in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Jackson also participates in the institutional products market through the issuance of guaranteed investment contracts (“GICs”), funding agreements and medium-term note funding agreements. In addition to Jackson, Jackson Financial’s primary operating subsidiaries are as follows:

•PPM America, Inc. (“PPM”), is the Company’s investment management operation that manages the life insurance companies’ general account investment funds. PPM also provides investment services to other former affiliated and unaffiliated institutional clients.

•Brooke Life Insurance Company (“Brooke Life”), Jackson’s direct parent, is a life insurance company licensed to sell life insurance and annuity products in the state of Michigan.

Other wholly-owned subsidiaries of Jackson are as follows:

•Life insurers: Jackson National Life Insurance Company of New York (“Jackson NY” or “JNY“); Squire Reassurance Company LLC (“Squire Re”); Squire Reassurance Company II, Inc. (“Squire Re II”); and VFL International Life Company SPC, LTD;

•Registered broker-dealer: Jackson National Life Distributors LLC (“JNLD");

•Registered investment adviser: Jackson National Asset Management LLC (“JNAM“), which manages the life insurance companies' separate account funds underlying the variable annuities products, which are sub-advised. JNAM manages and oversees those sub-advisers;

•Service provider: PGDS (US One) LLC (“PGDS”), which provides certain services to the Company and certain former affiliates; and

•Other insignificant wholly-owned subsidiaries.

The Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements also include other insignificant partnerships, limited liability companies (“LLCs”) and other variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Company is deemed the primary beneficiary.

Other

On August 6, 2021, the Company's Class A Common Stock was registered on a Form 10 registration statement filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and became effective under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We refer to that effective Form 10 registration as the "Form 10." The Demerger transaction described in the Form 10 was consummated on September 13, 2021. As of March 31, 2023, Prudential has a 7.1% remaining equity interest in the Company.

We continue to monitor developments related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant economic and financial turmoil in the U.S. and around the world. Since the height of the pandemic, there has been a steady resumption of activity. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. The Company implemented business continuity plans that already were in place to ensure the availability of services for our customers, work at home capabilities for our associates, where appropriate, and other ongoing risk management activities. The Company had associates, as needed or voluntarily, in our offices during this time, as permitted by local and state restrictions. The Company rolled out a broader “return to office plan” for all associates, and since September 2022, required some associates to return to the office five days a week. Associates below director level remain on an “office-centric” hybrid schedule between in-office and remote working arrangements.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, certain financial information that is normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, but not required for interim reporting purposes, has been condensed or omitted. These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the SEC on March 1, 2023, (the "2022 Annual Report"). The condensed consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2022, included herein, has been derived from the audited Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2022 Annual Report, but recast, as described in these notes, to reflect the adoption of the accounting standard discussed in the next paragraph.

The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2018-12, “Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts,” (“LDTI”) effective January 1, 2023, with a transition date of January 1, 2021. See Note 2 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further description of the adoption of LDTI.

Certain accounting policies, which significantly affect the determination of financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, are summarized in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s 2022 Annual Report. New accounting policies adopted for LDTI are included in the Notes 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements include all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s results. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2023. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes. Significant estimates or assumptions, as further discussed in the notes, include:

•Valuation of investments and derivative instruments, including fair values of securities deemed to be in an illiquid market and the determination of when an impairment is necessary;

•Assessments as to whether certain entities are VIEs, the existence of reconsideration events and the determination of which party, if any, should consolidate the entity;

•Assumptions used in calculating policy reserves and liabilities including policyholder behavior, mortality rates, expenses, investment returns and policy crediting rates;

•Assumptions as to future earnings levels being sufficient to realize deferred tax benefits;

•Estimates related to expectations of credit losses on certain financial assets and off-balance sheet exposures;

•Assumptions and estimates associated with the Company’s tax positions, including an estimate of the dividends received deduction, which impact the amount of recognized tax benefits recorded by the Company;

•Assumptions used in calculating market risk benefits including policyholder behavior, mortality rates, and capital market assumptions;

•Assumptions impacting the expected term used in the calculation of amortization of deferred acquisition costs, including policyholder behavior and mortality rates.

These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgments. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors deemed appropriate. As facts and circumstances dictate, these estimates and assumptions may be adjusted. Since future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. Changes in estimates, including those resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment, will be reflected in the consolidated financial statements in the periods the estimates are changed.

Revision of Prior Period Financial Statements

In 2022, the Company identified errors related to the classification of certain balances and amounts in the line items of the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Condensed Consolidated Income Statements. These errors resulted in the revision of balances and amounts related to deferred sales inducement assets, liabilities for certain life-contingent annuities, sub-advisor fee expenses, and other operating expense items that impacted previously issued Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The impact of these errors to the prior periods' Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were not considered to be material and had no impact on shareholders' equity or net income (loss). However, to improve the consistency and comparability of the financial statements, management revised the financial statements and related disclosures in this quarterly report. See Note 22 to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for details of the revisions.