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Shareholders’ Equity
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Equity [Abstract]  
Shareholders’ Equity Shareholders’ Equity
Class A Ordinary Shares(1)
Class C Ordinary Shares(1)
Total Number of Ordinary Shares
AuthorizedIssuedAuthorizedIssuedAuthorizedIssued and Outstanding
Balance at January 1, 2024500,000,00060,466,453100,000,0002,505,476600,000,00062,971,929
Conversion of Class C Ordinary Shares into Class A Ordinary Shares—1,493,356—(1,493,356)——
Issuance of Class A Ordinary Shares under the ATM facility—914,828———914,828
Cancellation of Class C shares following an employee contract termination in MoonLake AG———(16,853)—(16,853)
Balance at March 31, 2024500,000,00062,874,637100,000,000995,267600,000,00063,869,904
Balance at June 30, 2024500,000,00062,874,637100,000,000995,267600,000,00063,869,904
Conversion of Class C Ordinary Shares into Class A Ordinary Shares—153,998—(153,998)——
Options exercised under the Equity Incentive Plan—17,390———17,390
Balance at September 30, 2024500,000,00063,046,025100,000,000841,269600,000,00063,887,294
(1) Fully paid-in registered shares with a par value of $0.0001
Class A Ordinary Shares
On April 6, 2022, the Company's Class A Ordinary Shares began trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market ("Nasdaq") under the symbol “MLTX”. As of September 30, 2024, there were 63,046,025 Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding. The Company is authorized to issue up to 500,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares, par value $0.0001 per share. Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares are entitled to one vote per share.
Class C Ordinary Shares
As of September 30, 2024, there were 841,269 Class C Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding. The Company is authorized to issue up to 100,000,000 Class C Ordinary Shares, with a par value $0.0001 per share. Each Class C Ordinary Share entitles the holders thereof to one vote per share, but carries no economic rights.
At the closing of the Business Combination, MoonLake, MoonLake AG and ML Party (as defined in Note 2 — Business Combination Agreement with Helix and Recapitalization, included in MoonLake's audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Annual Report) entered into a Restated and Amended Shareholders' Agreement (the “A&R Shareholders' Agreement”). With the intent to approximate the rights, obligations and restrictions that an ML Party would enjoy if it were a holder of Class A Ordinary Shares, the A&R Shareholders’ Agreement (i) imposes certain transfer and other restrictions on the ML Parties, (ii) provides for the waiver of certain statutory rights and (iii) establishes certain mechanics whereby MoonLake and each of the ML Parties are able to effect the conversion of MoonLake AG Common Shares and Class C Ordinary Shares into a number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the Exchange Ratio of 33.638698 (as defined in Note 3 — Basis of Presentation, included in MoonLake's audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Annual Report). On September 9 and September 25, 2024, pursuant to the A&R Shareholders’ Agreement, certain holders of Class C Ordinary Shares submitted exchange notices to the Company, pursuant to which such holders of Class C Ordinary Shares effected the conversion of 4,578 MoonLake AG Common Shares and 153,998 Class C Ordinary Shares into 153,998 Class A Ordinary Shares using the Exchange Ratio. The foregoing description of the A&R Shareholders' Agreement is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, and should be read in connection with, the full text of the A&R Shareholders' Agreement filed as an exhibit on the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 11, 2022.

Equity Offerings
At-the-Market Offering
On May 11, 2023, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement (the “May 2023 Sales Agreement”) with Leerink Partners LLC (formerly known as SVB Securities LLC) (“Leerink Partners”), through which the Company could issue and sell up to $200,000,000 of its Class A Ordinary Shares (the “May 2023 ATM Shares”), through Leerink Partners as its sales agent. The May 2023 ATM Shares to be sold under the May 2023 Sales Agreement, if any, would be issued and sold pursuant to the Company's shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-271546), which was declared effective by the SEC on May 9, 2023, and a prospectus supplement thereto filed with the SEC on May 11, 2023.

On June 27, 2023, the Company reduced the maximum aggregate offering amount of its Class A Ordinary Shares that could be issued and sold under the May 2023 Sales Agreement to $0 and no longer intends to sell Class A Ordinary Shares under the May 2023 Sales Agreement unless the Company files a further prospectus supplement indicating an amount of shares proposed to be sold.

On August 31, 2023, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement with Leerink Partners (the “August 2023 Sales Agreement” and together with the May 2023 Sales Agreement, the “Sales Agreements”), through which the Company could issue and sell up to $350,000,000 of its Class A Ordinary Shares (the “August 2023 ATM Shares”), through Leerink Partners as its sales agent. The August 2023 ATM Shares to be sold under the August 2023 Sales Agreement, if any, would be issued and sold pursuant to the Company’s shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-274286), which was declared effective by the SEC on September 11, 2023, and a prospectus supplement thereto filed with the SEC on August 31, 2023.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company sold 914,828 Class A Ordinary Shares under the August 2023 Sales Agreement at a weighted average share price of $58.31, for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $52.5 million, after deducting sales agent's commissions and transaction costs.

During the three months ended June 30, 2024 and the three months ended September 30, 2024, there were no sales under the August 2023 Sales Agreement.

Public Offering of Class A Ordinary Shares
On June 27, 2023, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with SVB Securities LLC and Guggenheim Securities LLC as the representatives of the underwriters named therein, to issue and sell 8,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares at a public offering price of $50.00 per share (the “Offering”). In addition, the Company granted the underwriters an option for a period of 30 days to purchase up to an additional 1,200,000 Class A Ordinary Shares at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions (the “Option”), and such Option was exercised in full by the underwriters.
The Offering closed on June 30, 2023, and net proceeds from the Offering, including proceeds from the exercise in full by the underwriters of the Option, were $436.7 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and the offering expenses in the amount of $23.3 million.

Following the completion of the Offering, the Company opted to direct a substantial portion of the net proceeds to MoonLake AG. This was executed as a two-step process: (i) the Company acquired the remaining 22,756 MoonLake AG Common Shares held in treasury through a share purchase and assignment agreement formally executed on July 9, 2023 ($38.9 million) and (ii) the Company contributed additional funds to MoonLake AG’s capital reserves through a cash contribution agreement formally executed on July 10, 2023 ($275 million). A stamp duty tax of $2.8 million was levied on the aforementioned capital contribution which the Company has classified as cash flows from financing activities in order to correctly mirror the underlying nature of the transaction.

On March 8, 2024, the Company executed a similar transaction as a two-step process: (i) the Company acquired 501 MoonLake AG Common Shares held in treasury through a share purchase and assignment agreement ($0.8 million) and (ii) the Company contributed an additional $150.0 million of funds to MoonLake AG's capital reserves through a cash contribution. A stamp duty tax of $1.6 million was levied on the capital contribution which the Company has classified as cash flows from financing activities in order to correctly mirror the underlying nature of the transaction. The aforementioned increase in treasury shares occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as a result of an employee termination entitling MoonLake AG to repurchase such employee's unvested shares (501 MoonLake AG Common Shares and 16,853 Class C Ordinary Shares) previously awarded as part of a share-based compensation program. Since the shares were subsequently sold to MoonLake, the corresponding Class C Ordinary Shares were canceled.

Options Exercised under the Equity Incentive Plan
In the three months ended September 30, 2024, certain participants exercised their stock options under the Equity Incentive Plan (as defined below) for an aggregate of 17,390 Class A Ordinary Shares and total cash consideration of $91,298.