ADD EXHB 2 ef20014828_ex99-1.htm EXHIBIT 99.1

Exhibit 99.1

Exodus Movement, Inc. and Subsidiaries

For the Three and Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2023 and 2022


Exodus Movement, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Table of Contents

 
Page
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 1
   
Other Information
8
   
Financial Statements
 10
   
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022
 10
   
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
  11
   
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
  12
   
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
 13
   
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 14

Unless the context requires otherwise, in this quarterly report, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” and “Exodus” refer to Exodus Movement, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Proper Trust AG, a Swiss corporation, 3ZERO, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and Osmium, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.


Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of Exodus’ financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this quarterly report. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current plans, expectations and beliefs that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors,” “Forward Looking Statements,” and in other parts of this quarterly report and the Company’s Form 1-K/A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on May 2, 2023.

Overview of Our Business
Exodus’ mission is to help the world exit the traditional finance system. Exodus is a self-custodial platform that connects people with the world of decentralized finance and the power of the blockchain. On December 9, 2015, we launched Exodus to empower users of our wallet (“users”) to securely control, manage, and grow their wealth. Every two weeks since then, we have released new updates and improved our user experience.

We believe that digital assets should be easy to use and easy to understand. Our platform (the “Exodus Platform”) allows users to store and access their assets in a secure environment that only they control. On desktop and mobile devices alike, Exodus delivers a simple, elegant, and intuitive experience. By eliminating the geek requirement, Exodus prioritizes ease of use and aims to provide unparalleled user support.

The Exodus Platform supports over 20,000 digital assets, as well as integrations with multiple digital asset-to-digital asset exchanges and other third-party applications, such as MoonPay. We are relentlessly focused on delivering the best user experience in the digital asset industry.

Our platform is intended to provide the trustworthiness of a bank’s online portal without service windows and clunky interfaces, and the speed of centralized digital asset exchanges without the risk of third-party custody – we aim to provide our users with the best of both worlds in Exodus.

Components of Results of Operations
Revenue
Exodus has entered into agreements with various third-party application programming interface (“API”) providers, pursuant to which the provider is allowed to integrate its services into the Exodus Platform. We earn revenue based on the API fees detailed in the associated API agreements. Our revenue is primarily earned on a transactional basis with users of the Exodus Platform accessing the services of the API providers through the API. Certain interactions generate API fees, which we track as earned on a daily basis. Examples of services provided by API providers include digital asset-to-digital asset exchanges, fiat-to-digital asset conversions, and digital asset staking.

For transaction-based API fees, the transaction price is allocated per qualified interaction between the provider and the user and is paid by the provider. As each transaction-based API interaction occurs, we realize revenue. With the majority of our revenue being transaction-based, our revenue can vary significantly based on the type and number of interactions that occur each day. We believe that there will be additional demand for API services in the future as a greater number of people begin to use digital assets. We anticipate that proceeds from the API fees, if and when recognized as revenue will continue to generate the majority of our revenue for the foreseeable future.

For non-transaction-based API fees, we recognize revenues based on when performance obligations in the underlying contracts have been identified, priced, allocated, and satisfied.

Cost of Revenues
Exodus’ cost of revenues includes software development, user support, and security and wallet operations.  Depreciation related to cost of revenues and amortization of software assets related to cost of revenues are also included.

1

Software Development
Software development expenses represent costs incurred by Exodus for the development of the Exodus Platform, individual API integrations, and our application ecosystem. These include related salaries and costs, chargebacks related to fiat onboarding services, and fees paid to consultants and outside service providers. Our application ecosystem is still under development, and as a result, we expect to incur continuing software development expenses as we accelerate improvements to the user experience and functionality of the wallet, integrate new API services, and develop the Exodus ecosystem. Software development costs are expensed as incurred except for costs associated with internal use software.

User Support
User support expenses include related salaries and costs, subscriptions, and fees paid to consultants and outside service providers, and software or applications used for user support. Exodus views user support as an integral part of its product offerings and has made significant investments in this area. We may continue to make further investments in user support as the development of the Exodus ecosystem continues. User support expenses are expensed as incurred.

Security and Wallet Operations
Security and wallet operations expenses consist of development operations and security related activities. Costs are primarily related to salaries and related costs, fees paid to consultants and outside service providers, and costs related to web hosting and maintaining servers. As the Exodus application ecosystem is still under development, Exodus expects security and wallet operations expenses to increase over the next several years as we accelerate improvements to the user experience and functionality of the wallet. We continually explore and evaluate ways to make the Exodus Platform and ecosystem more secure. Most costs are expensed as incurred except for costs associated with internal use software.

Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses consist of depreciation of fixed assets and amortization of software assets.

Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses are classified as general and administrative, advertising and marketing, depreciation related to general and administrative equipment, impairment of digital assets, and gain on sale of digital assets.

General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses consist of administrative, compliance, legal, investor relations, financial operations, information technology services, and foreign currency gain or loss. They include related department salaries, office expenses, meals and entertainment costs, software/applications for operational use, and other general and administrative expenses, including, but not limited to, technology subscriptions, travel, utilities, and vehicle expenses. These expenses account for a significant portion of our operating expenses. Our general and administrative expenses may increase in the future to support our continued growth, regulatory compliance, and the costs associated with increased reporting requirements.

Advertising and Marketing
Advertising and marketing expenses include marketing and business development related activities consisting primarily of advertising, corporate marketing, public relations, promotional items, events and conferences and fees paid for software applications used for advertising and marketing, as well as related department salaries. During the second half of 2022, we resumed our community-based approach to marketing. Advertising and marketing expenses are expensed as incurred.

Impairment (Gain) of Digital Assets, net
Impairment (gain) of digital assets includes the impairment of digital assets and gain on sale of digital assets.

2

Results of Operations

Results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

Operating Revenues

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
         
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
       
   
2023
   
2022
   
% Change
   
2023
   
2022
   
% Change
 
Operating revenues
 
$
11,980
   
$
11,034
     
9
%
 
$
37,730
   
$
39,379
     
(4
)%

Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $12.0 million compared to $11.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $1.0 million or 9%. The increase in total revenue was primarily driven by an increase in revenue from the exchange aggregation of $0.4 million due to an increase in Monthly Active Users (“MAUs”) as well as an increase in exchange provider processed volume. We are focused on growing our user base, and we believe that over the long term, interest in digital assets and digital asset markets will increase. However, during any given period, we cannot be certain that our user growth efforts will be effective or that interest in digital assets will increase. Five API providers primarily drove exchange revenue of $10.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to six API providers generating $10.5 million in revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $37.8 million compared to $39.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $1.6 million or 4%. The decline in total revenue was primarily driven by a decrease in revenue from the exchange aggregation of $2.9 million due to a decrease in MAUs as well as a decrease in exchange provider processed volume. We are focused on growing our user base, and we believe that over the long term, interest in digital assets and digital asset markets will increase. However, during any given period we cannot be certain that our user growth efforts will be effective or that interest in digital assets will increase. Five API providers primarily drove exchange revenue of $32.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to five API providers generating $34.2 million in revenue during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Cost of Revenues

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
         
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
       
   
2023
   
2022
   
% Change
   
2023
   
2022
   
% Change
 
Software development expense
 
$
2,578
   
$
2,039
     
26
%
 
$
7,118
   
$
7,440
     
(4
)%
User support expense
   
1,647
     
1,807
     
(9
)%
   
4,758
     
6,105
     
(22
)%
Security and wallet operations expense
   
2,367
     
2,736
     
(13
)%
   
6,647
     
7,392
     
(10
)%
Depreciation and amortization
   
1,146
     
740
     
55
%
   
3,207
     
1,564
     
105
%
Total cost of revenues
 
$
7,738
   
$
7,322
           
$
21,730
   
$
22,501
         

Software development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $2.6 million compared to $2.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $0.6 million. This increase was primarily driven by lower software capitalization expenses of $0.9 million, partially offset by lower compensation and benefit expenses of $0.4 million as a result of lower headcount.

Software development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $7.1 million compared to $7.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $0.3 million. This decrease was primarily driven by lower compensation and benefit expenses of $2.5 million as a result of lower headcount, testing expenses of $0.2 million, and consulting expenses of $0.2 million, partially offset by lower software capitalization costs of $2.6 million.
 
3

User support expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $1.6 million compared to $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $0.2 million. This was primarily due to a decrease in compensation and benefit expenses of $0.2 million as a result of a decrease in headcount.

User support expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $4.7 million compared to $6.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $1.4 million. This was primarily due to a decrease in compensation and benefit expenses of $1.0 million as a result of a decrease in headcount and decreased subscription expenses of $0.2 million.

Security and wallet expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $2.4 million compared to $2.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $0.3 million. This change was primarily due to a decrease of subscription expenses of $0.6 million, and decrease of $0.1 million of compensation and benefit expenses, partially offset by lower capitalized labor costs of $0.2 million.

Security and wallet expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $6.7 million compared to $7.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $0.7 million. This change was primarily due to a decrease of $1.4 million in infrastructure expenses, partially offset by increased compensation and benefit expenses of $0.5 million, lower capitalized labor expenses of $0.4 million, and subscription expenses of $0.2 million.

Depreciation and amortization expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $1.1 million compared to $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $0.3 million. The increase was primarily related to amortization expense due to capitalization of salaries related to software development of $0.7 million.

Depreciation and amortization expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $3.2 million compared to $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $1.6 million. The increase was primarily related to amortization expense due to capitalization of salaries related to software development of $1.6 million.

General and Administrative Expense

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
         
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
       
   
2023
   
2022
   
% Change
   
2023
   
2022
   
% Change
 
General and administrative expense
 
$
4,328
   
$
3,710
     
17
%
 
$
13,615
   
$
13,982
     
(3
)%
Advertising and marketing expense
   
244
     
1,029
     
(76
)%
   
824
     
10,970
     
(92
)%
Depreciation
   
26
     
35
     
(26
)%
   
146
     
95
     
54
%
Total general and administrative expense
 
$
4,598
   
$
4,774
           
$
14,585
   
$
25,047
         

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $4.3 million compared to $3.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $0.6 million. This increase was primarily due to an increase in legal and consulting expenses of $0.6 million, subscription expenses of $0.2 million, and foreign currency expense of $0.2 million partially offset by $0.4 million lower compensation and benefit expenses.

General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $13.6 million compared to $14.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $0.4 million. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in employee benefit expenses of $0.9 million, $0.2 million bank and network fees, $0.4 million of foreign currency expense, and $0.2 million of other business expenses, partially offset by $1.2 million of legal and consulting expenses.

4

Advertising and marketing expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $0.2 million compared to $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $0.8 million. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in marketing expenses of $0.6 million related to the change in marketing strategies and compensation and benefit expenses of $0.2 million as a result of a decrease in headcount.

Advertising and marketing expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $0.8 million compared to $11.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $10.2 million. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in marketing expenses of $8.7 million related to the change in marketing strategies and compensation and benefit expenses of $1.3 million as a result of a decrease in headcount.

Impairment (Gain) of Digital Assets, Net

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
         
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
       
   
2023
   
2022
   
% Change
   
2023
   
2022
   
% Change
 
Impairment (gain) of digital assets, net
 
$
357
   
$
(34
)
   
(1,150
)%
 
$
(285
)
 
$
16,505
     
(102
)%

Impairment (gain) of digital assets, net decreased by $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, as price volatility on digital assets held improved compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022. Impairment expense increased by $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to three months ended September 30, 2022. This was driven by increases in digital asset prices in 2023 leading to the digital assets used being higher than their recorded cost.

Impairment (gain) of digital assets, net decreased by $16.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as price volatility on digital assets held improved compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Impairment expense decreased by $16.0 million and gains on digital assets increased by $0.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2022. This was driven by increases in digital asset prices in 2023 leading to the digital assets used being higher than their recorded cost.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview
Our primary source of funds is from transaction-based API fee revenues. Our primary use of funds is payment of our operating costs, which consist primarily of compensation and benefit expenses and security costs.

Source of Funds
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated (in thousands):

   
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
   
2023
   
2022
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
2,922
   
$
29,973
 
Net cash used in investing activities
 
$
(10,503
)
 
$
(407
)
Net cash used in financing activities
 
$
(514
)
 
$
(256
)

Net Cash from Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, was $2.9 million. We had net income of $2.4 million, $3.4 million in depreciation and amortization, $4.7 million in stock-based compensation and $2.4 million in changes to working capital, partially offset by $9.6 million in non-cash activities settled in cryptocurrency and net gain on digital assets of $0.3 million.

Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, was $30.0 million. The Company had net loss of $18.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, a deferred tax benefit of $5.4 million, partially offset by $32.6 million in non-cash activities settled in cryptocurrency, net impairment of digital assets of $16.5 million, $0.1 million of changes to working capital, stock-based compensation expense of $3.6 million, and depreciation and amortization of $1.7 million.

5

Net Cash from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $10.5 million. This primarily consisted of a $69.3 million investment in treasury bills, partially offset by $58.8 million of treasury bills redemption.

Net cash used by investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, was $0.4 million. This consisted of a $0.3 million purchase of fixed assets and $0.1 million of indefinite lived assets.

Net Cash from Financing Activities
Our primary financing activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, amounted to $0.5 million. This consisted of $0.5 million of repurchased shares to pay employee withholding taxes as a part of our 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”).

Our primary financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, was $0.2 million primarily due to the repurchase of shares to pay employee withholding taxes as part of our 2021 Plan and our 2019 Equity Incentive Plan.

Total Holdings
We hold the following cash, treasury bills, and digital asset holdings as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

   
September 30, 2023
   
December 31, 2022
 
   
Book
value
   
Market
Value (1)
   
Book
value
   
Market
Value (1)
 
Bitcoin
 
$
25,378
   
$
44,527
   
$
17,549
   
$
22,974
 
Ethereum
   
2,022
     
4,229
     
2,022
     
3,031
 
Algorand
   
392
     
450
     
686
     
715
 
Sovryn
   
96
     
99
     
-
     
-
 
Other digital assets
   
130
     
224
     
45
     
53
 
Cash and cash equivalents
   
12,399
     
12,399
     
20,494
     
20,494
 
USDC
   
700
     
700
     
-
     
-
 
Treasury bills
   
43,725
     
43,725
     
31,981
     
31,981
 
Total holdings
 
$
84,842
   
$
106,353
   
$
72,777
   
$
79,248
 


(1) Market rate represents a determination of fair market value derived from publicly available information.

Material Capital Commitments
We currently have no material commitments for capital expenditures.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements during any of the periods presented.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
See “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” set forth under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of the Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual report on Form 1-K/A filed with the SEC on May 2, 2023. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates since our Form 1-K/A was filed.

Employees and Human Capital Resource Management
Our employees are critical to our mission to ignite an exodus from the traditional finance system by empowering people to secure, manage and use their digital assets. Our key human capital management objectives are to attract, retain and develop the highest quality talent. To achieve these objectives, our human resources programs are designed to prepare our talent for critical roles and leadership positions for the future; reward and support employees through competitive pay and benefits; enhance our culture through efforts aimed at making the workplace more engaging and inclusive; and acquire talent and facilitate internal talent mobility to create a high-performing and diverse workforce.

6

As of September 30, 2023, we had approximately 195 full-time equivalents (“FTEs”), the majority of whom are engaged in customer support and engineering. Our FTEs are paid exclusively in Bitcoin. None of our team members are represented by a labor union or covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We have not experienced any work stoppages and we consider our relations with our team members to be good.  Within our FTEs, approximately 130 team members are located outside of the U.S. in approximately 50 countries located on six different continents.

Available Information
Our website is located at www.exodus.com, and our investor relations’ website is located at https://www.exodus.com/investors/. Our annual reports on Form 1-K, semi-annual reports on Form 1-SA, and any other required reports, and any amendments to these reports, will be available through our investor relations’ website, free of charge, after we file them with the SEC. We will also provide a link to the section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov that contains, in electronic form, each of the reports and other information that we file or furnish with the SEC.

We will webcast via our investor relations’ website our earnings calls and certain events we participate in or host with members of the investment community. Our investor relations’ website also provides notifications of news or announcements regarding our financial performance and other items of interest to our investors, including SEC filings, investor events, quarterly and annual financials, press and earnings releases, and blogs. Exodus uses the following as means of disclosing material nonpublic information and for complying with disclosure obligations under Regulation Fair Disclosure: websites exodus.com/investors and exodus.com/blog; press releases; public videos, calls and webcasts; and social media: Twitter (@exodus_io and JP Richardson’s feed @jprichardson), Facebook, LinkedIn, and YouTube. We also share news and product updates on our YouTube channel, which may be of interest or material to our investors. The content of our websites is not incorporated by reference into this report or in any report or document we file with the SEC, and any references to our websites are intended to be inactive textual references only.

7

Other Information

Controls and Procedures

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Except as described below with respect to our remediation plan, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We intend to evaluate quarterly whether such changes in our processes and procedures materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

Material Weaknesses
During 2022, management identified errors in its previously reported financial information as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021. As a result of the errors that have been identified, we have identified a material weakness in the Company’s control environment whereby the Company did not design and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting with respect to the expertise and quantity of its resources. Specifically, management did not effectively execute a strategy to hire, train, and retain a sufficient quantity of personnel with an appropriate level of training, expertise, and experience in certain areas important to financial reporting. In addition, we also identified a material weakness whereby management did not design and implement effective control activities based on the criteria established in the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations framework. Specifically, the control activities did not adequately (i) address relevant risks, (ii) provide evidence of performance, (iii) provide appropriate segregation of duties, or (iv) operate at a level of precision to identify all potentially material errors.

Remediation Plan
Management is committed to remediating its material weaknesses as promptly as possible. Management is in the process of implementing its remediation plan. We have initiated and intend to continue to implement measures designed to improve our internal control over financial reporting to remediate the material weaknesses, including the following:

We continue to be in the process of adding personnel within our accounting function to allow for further segregation of reporting duties. We are in the process of strengthening segregation of duties between the preparer and reviewer of controls related to financial accounting and reconciliation. We are also in the process of strengthening segregation of duties between those with access to book journal entries and those responsible for reviewing journal entries booked.
We have initiated formalizing our internal controls environment and activities and have engaged with a third- party consultant to provide professional services to assist management with Sarbanes Oxley (“SOX”) readiness and assistance to help perform a risk assessment, and scoping of key systems and business processes, including a risk assessment at the financial statement assertion level to ensure that the level of precision of relevant controls is adequate to address the identified risks. We will continue to revise our risk assessment and scoping to rectify any deficiencies noted, enhance design and implement new controls if needed, expand education and training where necessary, update documentation, and add any necessary reviews by our management. We will continue to remediate the design appropriateness of certain specific controls and test the design of the remediated controls.

We believe the hiring of accounting personnel and an additional SOX readiness resource and the implementation of processes and controls to better identify and manage segregation of duties will remediate the identified control activities material weaknesses.

8

Legal and Regulatory Proceedings
From time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings and subject to claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although the results of legal proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe we are not currently party to any legal proceedings which, if determined adversely to us, would individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows or financial condition. We may also pursue litigation to protect our legal rights and additional litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property and our contractual rights, to protect our confidential information or to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. From time to time, we are also involved in regulatory proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business.

Risk Factors
Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those described in, “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Form 1-K/A filing dated May 1, 2023, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the trading price of our stock.

Earlier this year, the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) published new rules relating to how cryptoassets can be marketed to consumers. Specifically, companies looking to promote cryptoassets in the UK to retail consumers are required to register with the FCA or have any marketing approved by an authorized company. The Company cannot register with the FCA because it operates a non-custodial wallet and the rules are focused on asset custodians. Therefore, in anticipation of these rules taking effect on October 8, 2023, the Company took steps before the deadline to ensure compliance with the new FCA rules by modifying its marketing materials to avoid a determination by the FCA that it was promoting cryptoassets.

Even with the steps taken by the Company, the FCA utilized the broad nature of the new rules to state that the Company is not in compliance with the rules and placed the Company on its Warning List. The Company is actively working with the FCA to describe the nature of the Exodus wallet and remedy any marketing activities and product offerings that the FCA claims run afoul of the rules. Failure by the Company to reach an agreement with the FCA to be removed from the Warning List could have a negative effect on the Company’s financial performance and operations.

Geo-Political Risks
In addition, the Company’s business is subject to the risks of catastrophic events, including acts of war or terrorism, strikes or other external events. Any such events or any other geo-political unrest could cause disruptions in the Company’s business and lead to interruptions, delays, or loss of critical data. Specifically, financial, and digital asset markets may be negatively affected by the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the conflict between Israel and the Gaza Strip. The Company currently has 2 FTE and one customer in the Ukraine area that could be directly impacted by the conflict.  Although one of the Company’s API providers is domiciled in Ukraine, there is currently no infrastructure located in Ukraine and none of the API provider’s leadership and development team is located in Ukraine. The Company currently does not have any team members or customers in Israel or the Gaza Strip.

Interruptions could have material implications for the Company’s operations and the development of the Exodus Platform or operations and development of applications that run on the Exodus Platform. Retaliatory acts by Russia in response to Western sanctions may include cyber-attacks that could disrupt the economy or that could also either directly or indirectly impact the Company’s operations. Moreover, the ongoing effects of the hostilities and sanctions may spill over to and have a negative impact on other regional and global markets. It is also likely that the conflict will continue to affect the global political order and regional and global markets for a substantial period of time, regardless of when the conflict itself ends. It is not currently possible to determine the severity of any potential adverse impact of these events on the financial condition of the Company, or more broadly, upon the global economy, but any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

9

Financial Statements

Exodus Movement, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share amounts)

   
September 30,
2023
   
December 31,
2022
 
ASSETS
 
(Unaudited)
       
CURRENT ASSETS
           
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
12,399
   
$
20,494
 
U.S. dollar coin
   
700
     
-
 
Accounts receivable
   
1,190
     
1,488
 
Prepaid expenses
   
1,292
     
2,752
 
Treasury bills
   
43,725
     
31,981
 
Other current assets
   
61
     
77
 
Total current assets
   
59,367
     
56,792
 
                 
OTHER ASSETS
               
Fixed assets, net
   
357
     
617
 
Digital assets, net
   
28,018
     
20,302
 
Software assets, net
   
8,363
     
7,490
 
Indefinite-lived assets
   
1,945
     
1,945
 
Other investments
   
335
     
694
 
Deferred tax assets
   
1,369
     
1,369
 
Total other assets
   
40,387
     
32,417
 
TOTAL ASSETS
 
$
99,754
   
$
89,209
 
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
CURRENT LIABILITIES
               
Accounts payable
 
$
1,297
   
$
610
 
Other current liabilities
   
5,084
     
2,389
 
Total current liabilities
   
6,381
     
2,999
 
                 
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
               
Other long-term liabilities
   
366
     
366
 
Total long-term liabilities
   
366
     
366
 
Total liabilities
   
6,747
     
3,365
 
                 
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Preferred stock
               
$0.000001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
   
-
     
-
 
Class A Common Stock
               
$0.000001 par value, 32,500,000 shares authorized,
   
-
     
-
 
4,085,714 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2023
   
-
     
-
 
3,543,791 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022
   
-
     
-
 
Class B Common Stock
               
$0.000001 par value, 27,500,000 shares authorized,
   
-
     
-
 
21,798,714 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2023
   
-
     
-
 
21,798,414 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022
   
-
     
-
 
ADDITIONAL PAID IN CAPITAL
   
121,545
     
116,644
 
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
   
(823
)
   
(694
)
ACCUMULATED DEFICIT
    (27,715 )    
(30,106
)
Total stockholders’ equity
   
93,007
     
85,844
 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
$
99,754
   
$
89,209
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

10

Exodus Movement, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

   
Three
Months
Ended
September 30,
2023
   
Three
Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
   
Nine
Months
Ended
September 30,
2023
   
Nine
Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
 
OPERATING REVENUES
 
$
11,980
   
$
11,034
   
$
37,730
   
$
39,379
 
COST OF REVENUES
   
7,738
     
7,322
     
21,730
     
22,502
 
GROSS PROFIT
   
4,242
     
3,712
     
16,000
     
16,877
 
                                 
OPERATING EXPENSES
                               
General and administrative
   
4,598
     
4,775
     
14,585
     
25,047
 
Impairment (gain) of digital assets, net
   
357
     
(34
)
   
(285
)
   
16,505
 
Total operating expenses
   
4,955
     
4,741
     
14,300
     
41,552
 
(Loss) income from operations
   
(713
)
   
(1,029
)
   
1,700
     
(24,675
)
OTHER INCOME
                               
Unrealized (loss) gain on investments
   
(171
)
   
(50
)
   
18
     
21
 
Interest income
   
811
     
130
     
1,715
     
424
 
Total other income
   
640
     
80
     
1,733
     
445
 
(Loss) income before income taxes
   
(73
)
   
(949
)
   
3,433
     
(24,230
)
INCOME TAX (EXPENSE) BENEFIT
   
(178
)
   
304
     
(1,042
)
   
5,367
 
NET(LOSS) INCOME
 
$
(251
)
 
$
(645
)
 
$
2,391
   
$
(18,863
)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
                               
Foreign currency translation adjustment
   
121
     
80
     
(129
)
   
286
 
COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
 
$
(130
)
 
$
(565
)
 
$
2,262
   
$
(18,577
)
Basic net loss per share
                               
Basic net loss per share of common stock - Class A
 
$
(0.06
)
 
$
(0.23
)
 
$
0.63
   
$
(6.77
)
Diluted loss per share of common stock - Class A
 
$
(0.06
)
 
$
(0.23
)
 
$
0.33
   
$
(6.77
)
Basic net loss per share of common stock - Class B
 
$
(0.01
)
 
$
(0.03
)
 
$
0.11
   
$
(0.85
)
Diluted loss per share of common stock - Class B
 
$
(0.01
)
 
$
(0.03
)
 
$
0.10
   
$
(0.85
)
Weighted average number of shares and share equivalents outstanding
                               
Weighted average number of shares used in basic computation - Class A
   
4,060
     
2,788
     
3,804
     
2,788
 
Weighted average number of shares used in diluted computation - Class A
   
4,060
     
2,788
     
7,291
     
2,788
 
Weighted average number of shares used in basic computation - Class B
   
21,799
     
22,544
     
21,799
     
22,171
 
Weighted average number of shares used in diluted computation - Class B
   
21,799
     
22,544
     
23,799
     
22,171
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

11

Exodus Movement, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
(In thousands)

   
Class A
Shares
   
Class B
Shares
   
Additional
Paid In
Capital
   
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
   
Accumulated
Deficit
   
Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 
BALANCES as of July 1, 2022 (unaudited)
   
3,188
     
22,091
   
$
114,764
   
$
(582
)
 
$
(25,178
)
 
$
89,004
 
Stock-based compensation
   
-
     
-
     
1,478
     
-
     
-
     
1,478
 
Exercised options, net of options withheld for taxes
   
-
     
4
     
(8
)
   
-
     
-
     
(8
)
Shares repurchased and cancelled
   
(1
)
   
-
     
(11
)
   
-
     
-
     
(11
)
Issuance of Common Stock upon settlement of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes
   
23
     
-
     
(30
)
   
-
     
-
     
(30
)
Conversion of Class B to Class A
   
297
     
(297
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
80
     
-
     
80
 
Net loss
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(645
)
   
(645
)
BALANCES as of September 30, 2022 (unaudited)
   
3,507
     
21,798
   
$
116,193
   
$
(502
)
 
$
(25,823
)
 
$
89,868
 
BALANCES as of July 1, 2023 (unaudited)
   
3,880
     
21,799
   
$
120,383
   
$
(944
)
 
$
(27,464
)
 
$
91,975
 
Stock-based compensation
   
-
     
-
     
1,333
     
-
     
-
     
1,333
 
Issuance of Common Stock upon settlement of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes
   
206
     
-
     
(171
)
   
-
     
-
     
(171
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
121
     
-
     
121
 
Net loss
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(251
)
   
(251
)
BALANCES as of September 30, 2023 (unaudited)
   
4,086
     
21,799
   
$
121,545
   
$
(823
)
 
$
(27,715
)
 
$
93,007
 
BALANCES as of January 1, 2022
   
2,730
     
22,510
   
$
111,705
   
$
(788
)
 
$
(6,960
)
 
$
103,957
 
Stock-based compensation
   
-
     
-
     
4,731
     
-
     
-
     
4,731
 
Exercised options, net of options withheld for taxes
   
-
     
4
     
(7
)
   
-
     
-
     
(7
)
Shares repurchased and cancelled
   
(2
)
   
-
     
(20
)
   
-
     
-
     
(20
)
Issuance of Common Stock upon settlement of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes
   
63
     
-
     
(216
)
   
-
     
-
     
(216
)
Conversion from Class B to Class A
   
716
     
(716
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
286
     
-
     
286
 
Net loss
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
(18,863
)
   
(18,863
)
BALANCES as of September 30, 2022 (unaudited)
   
3,507
     
21,798
   
$
116,193
   
$
(502
)
 
$
(25,823
)
 
$
89,868
 
BALANCES as of January 1, 2023
   
3,544
     
21,798
   
$
116,644
   
$
(694
)
 
$
(30,106
)
   
85,844
 
Stock based compensation
   
-
     
-
     
5,395
     
-
     
-
     
5,395
 
Exercised options
   
-
     
1
     
1
     
-
     
-
     
1
 
Issuance of Common Stock upon settlement of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes
   
542
     
-
     
(495
)
   
-
     
-
     
(495
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
(129
)
   
-
     
(129
)
Net income
   
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
     
2,391
     
2,391
 
BALANCES as of September 30, 2023 (unaudited)
   
4,086
     
21,799
   
$
121,545
   
$
(823
)
 
$
(27,715
)
 
$
93,007
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

12

Exodus Movement, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow (Unaudited)
(In thousands)

   
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2023
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2022
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
           
Net income (loss)
 
$
2,391
   
$
(18,863
)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to
               
Net cash provided by operating activities
               
Depreciation and amortization
   
3,353
     
1,661
 
Deferred tax benefit
   
-
     
(5,466
)
(Gain) impairment of digital assets, net
   
(285
)
   
16,505
 
Non-cash revenue – related party
   
-
     
(135
)
Accrued interest income
   
(889
)
   
-
 
Unrealized gain on investments
   
(18
)
   
(21
)
Stock-based compensation
   
4,682
     
3,610
 
Non-cash activities settled in cryptocurrency (1)
   
(9,614
)
   
32,580
 
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
               
Prepaid expenses
   
1,460
     
6,316
 
Other current assets
   
16
     
(3,972
)
Other assets
   
-
     
(245
)
Accounts payable
   
708
     
(1,466
)
Other current liabilities
   
1,118
     
(531
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
2,922
     
29,973
 
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
               
Purchases of fixed assets
   
(25
)
   
(320
)
Purchase of treasury bills
   
(69,273
)
   
-
 
Redemption of treasury bills
   
58,795
     
-
 
Purchases of indefinite-lived assets
   
-
     
(87
)
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(10,503
)
   
(407
)
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
               
Payment of shares repurchased and cancelled
   
-
     
(20
)
Repurchase of shares to pay employee withholding taxes
   
(515
)
   
(238
)
Exercise of stock options
   
1
     
2
 
Net cash used in financing activities
   
(514
)
   
(256
)
                 
Change in cash and cash equivalents
   
(8,095
)
   
29,310
 
Cash and cash equivalents
               
Beginning of period
   
20,494
     
5,375
 
End of period
 
$
12,399
   
$
34,685
 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
Non-cash stock options exercised – USDC
 
$
-
   
$
2
 
Non-cash stock options exercised
 
$
-
   
$
11
 
Non-cash issuance of stock
 
$
20
   
$
-
 
Non-cash capitalized software costs settled in digital assets (including stock-based compensation of $713 and $1,121, respectively)
 
$
(3,930
)
 
$
(6,958
)
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
               
Cash paid for income taxes
 
$
(918
)
 
$
(612
)

(1)
Cryptocurrency includes stablecoin and digital assets (See Note 1).

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

13

Exodus Movement, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1.
Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations
Exodus Movement, Inc., incorporated in Delaware in July 2016, and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Proper Trust AG, a Swiss corporation, 3ZERO, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and Osmium, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, “Exodus” or the “Company” or “we”), is a technology company that has developed the Exodus Platform, an un-hosted and self-custodial cryptocurrency software wallet for multiple types of digital assets. The Company has created a self-custodial digital asset wallet (meaning Exodus never has any access to wallet holders’ digital assets) and partnered with third parties to provide various services that utilize our wallet through our digital asset platform. Exodus earns revenue from providers of these services, which include digital asset to digital asset swaps, and the ability to earn rewards on staked crypto assets. Exodus operates in the blockchain and digital asset industry. The Exodus Platform can currently be downloaded from the exodus.io website, the iOS app store, the Google Play store, and the Chrome Web Store.

Basis of Presentation and Principles for Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company are presented in U.S. Dollars in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company determines the consolidation for affiliated entities using Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, Consolidation (“ASC 810”). ASC 810 requires consolidation if the reporting entity has a controlling financial interest in another entity, through voting interests or other means. In March 2020, the Company incorporated a wholly owned subsidiary, Proper Trust AG, based in Zug, Switzerland. In April 2023, the Company incorporated a wholly owned subsidiary, 3ZERO, LLC, based in the United States. In June 2023, the Company incorporated a wholly owned subsidiary Osmium, LLC, based in the United States.

Use of Estimates
The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported revenue generated and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. The most significant estimates are regarding value of digital assets, software development costs, and revenue recognition. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The Company believes that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates.

Foreign Currency Translation
The assets and liabilities of the Company’s subsidiaries are recorded in the functional currency and translated into U.S Dollars at exchange rates in effect at the condensed consolidated balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the period. The effects of these translation adjustments are presented in the condensed consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity.

Fluctuations in the Company’s functional currency from our net investment in the Company’s subsidiaries expose us to foreign currency translation risk, where changes in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect our results of operations upon translation into U.S. Dollars. We recognized a gain on translation adjustments of $0.1 million and loss on translation adjustments of $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to a gain on translation adjustments of $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, on the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income, respectively.

14

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated other comprehensive loss includes any gain or loss on foreign currency translation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of cash, money market funds, and treasury bills with original maturities of three months or less in which the Company is exposed to market and credit risk. The Company maintains its cash in deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. There was no balance of cash at licensed cryptocurrency exchanges as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022. There were $9.5 million and 4.0 million of treasury bills included in cash and cash equivalents for periods as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

U.S. Dollar Coin (“USDC”)
USDC is a stablecoin digital asset that is backed by U.S. dollars or other liquid assets and are accounted for as financial instruments. USDC can be redeemed for one U.S. Dollar on demand from the issuer. The Company had $0.7 million USDC as of September 30, 2023. The Company had no USDC as December 31, 2022.

Accounts Receivable
The Company records accounts receivable at the invoiced amount. The Company does not maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts to reserve for potentially uncollectible receivables, as the Company has no history of past due payments or disputes with our current API providers. Accounts receivable was $1.2 million and $1.5 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant.

The Company has two types of financial instruments that may be subject to credit risk.  The Company maintains bank accounts in which the balances sometimes exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) limit of $250,000. The Company’s receivables have short payment terms and therefore have limited credit risk.

Segment Reporting
Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (the “CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer is the Company’s CODM. The CODM reviews financial information presented on a global consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. As such, the Company has determined that it operates as one operating segment and one reportable segment.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company’s management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements.

Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred; major renewals and betterments are capitalized. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, which generally range from three to five years for equipment and furniture and eight years for vehicles. The Company tests its assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. Any asset deemed to be impaired will have its carrying value and depreciation rates reduced accordingly.

15

Intangible Assets

Digital Assets
Digital assets are recorded at cost less impairment and are classified as indefinite-lived intangible assets. An intangible asset with an indefinite useful life is not amortized but assessed for impairment daily when events or changes in circumstances occur indicating that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived asset is impaired. Impairment exists when the carrying amount exceeds its fair value. To the extent an impairment loss is recognized, the loss establishes the new cost basis of the asset. Subsequent reversal of impairment losses is not permitted.

Software Development Costs
We apply Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 985-20, Software—Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Marketed, in analyzing our software development costs. ASC 985-20 requires the capitalization of certain software development costs subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility for a software product in development. Software development costs associated with establishing technological feasibility are expensed as incurred. Technological feasibility is established upon the completion of a working model. Based on our software development process, the working model is almost immediately placed in service. As such, development costs that meet the criteria for capitalization are not deemed material and are expensed as incurred under ASC 985-20.

We apply ASC 350-40, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal Use Software, in the review of certain system projects. These system projects generally relate to software not hosted on our users’ systems, where the user has no access to source code, and it is infeasible for the user to operate the software themselves without Exodus servers in place. In these reviews, all costs incurred during the preliminary project planning stages are expensed as incurred. Once the projects have been committed to and it is probable that the projects will meet functional requirements, costs are capitalized. These capitalized software costs are amortized on a project-by-project basis over the expected economic life of the underlying product on a straight-line basis, which is typically three years. Amortization commences when the software is available for its intended use.

We account for website development costs in accordance with ASC 350-50, Website Development Costs. We capitalized internally developed website costs when the website was under development and reached technological feasibility. We amortized these costs over an estimated life of three years.

Indefinite-Lived Assets
The Company applies ASC 350-30, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, General Intangibles Other Than Goodwill in analyzing our indefinite-lived assets. ASC 350-30 requires that the cost included in the purchase of indefinite-lived assets, such as our domain name and trademark, should be recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The indefinite-lived assets do not have a definite life, therefore no amortization will be recognized on these assets. The Company performs an annual impairment review of fair market value of the indefinite-lived assets and impaired assets with fair value less than the carrying value as of October 1st.

Non-Cash Activities Settled In Digital Assets
For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company had the following non-cash activities settled in digital assets on the statement of cash flows (in thousands):

   
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
   
2023
   
2022
 
Accounts receivable
 
$
298
   
$
1,645
 
Digital assets, revenue
   
(37,731
)
   
(39,244
)
Digital assets, expenses
   
26,371
     
66,791
 
Payroll liabilities
   
1,577
     
3,102
 
Currency translation related to digital assets
   
(129
)
   
286
 
Non-cash activities settled in digital assets
 
$
(9,614
)
 
$
32,580
 

16

Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The following fair value hierarchy is used in selecting inputs, with the highest priority given to Level 1, as these are the most transparent or reliable:

Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

Level 3 – Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not
         observable.

Prices may fall within Level 1, 2, or 3 depending upon the methodology and inputs used to estimate fair value for each specific security. In general, securities are priced using third-party pricing services. Securities not priced by pricing services are submitted to independent brokers for valuation and, if those are not available, internally developed pricing models are used to value assets using a methodology and inputs that market participants presumably would use to value the assets. Prices obtained from third-party pricing services or brokers are not adjusted.

Our financial assets are summarized below as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, with fair values shown according to the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

   
Carrying
Value
   
Fair
Value
   
Quoted
Prices
Level 1
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
Level 2
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Level 3
 
September 30, 2023
                             
Money market
 
$
9,475
   
$
9,475
   
$
9,475
   
$
-
   
$
-
 
Treasury bills
   
43,725
     
43,725
     
43,725
     
-
     
-
 
tZERO investment
   
235
     
235
     
235
     
-
     
-
 
Security Token Group investment
   
100
   
(A)
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
   
$
53,535
                                 
December 31, 2022
                                       
Money market
 
$
10,986
   
$
10,986
   
$
10,986
   
$
-
   
$
-
 
Treasury bills
   
35,971
     
35,971
     
35,971
     
-
     
-
 
tZERO investment
   
348
     
348
     
348
     
-
     
-
 
Certificate of deposit
   
246
     
246
     
-
     
246
     
-
 
Security Token Group investment
   
100
   
(A)
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
   
$
47,651
                                 

(A)
These investments are recorded at cost.

Revenue Recognition
The Company applies the provisions of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers to determine the measurement of revenue and the timing of when it is recognized. Under ASC 606, revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring products or providing services to our customers and is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of contracts with our customers are satisfied. ASC 606 prescribes a five-step model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers: (1) identify contract(s) with the customer; (2) identify the separate performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied.

17

Exchange Aggregation, Fiat Onboarding, and Staking
The Company recognizes revenue from API providers based on user interactions conducted through APIs. Currently, the Company has API agreements with providers of digital asset-to-digital asset exchanges, fiat-to-digital asset conversions, and digital asset staking. The Company allows the providers to provide software services, which permit a user of our un-hosted and self-custodial cryptocurrency software wallet to access the services of the provider through the APIs. Under the terms and conditions of the agreements, the Company and the providers have integrated the APIs into the Exodus Platform. In consideration for the integration by the Company of the APIs into the Exodus Platform software, API providers pay us an API fee for certain user interactions with the API. These interactions are typically transactions of services between provider and a user, effected through the API.

The geography of our user base is not the same as the geography of our API provider base. The following table presents our operating revenues disaggregated by geography, based on the addresses of our API providers and other revenue sources (in thousands):

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
   
2023
   
2022
   
2023
   
2022
 
APAC(1)
 
$
6,804
     
56.8
%
 
$
5,891
     
53.4
%
 
$
21,411
     
56.7
%
 
$
19,662
     
49.9
%
Other Americas(1)
   
4,558
     
38.0
     
4,769
     
43.2
     
14,442
     
38.3
     
17,987
     
45.7
 
EMEA(1)
   
548
     
4.6
     
374
     
3.4
     
1,771
     
4.7
     
1,538
     
3.9
 
United States
    70      
0.6
     
-
     
-
     
106
     
0.3
     
192
     
0.5
 
Operating revenues
 
$
11,980
     
100.0
%
 
$
11,034
     
100.0
%
 
$
37,730
     
100.0
%
 
$
39,379
     
100.0
%

(1)
Regions represent Asia-Pacific (APAC), and Canada and Latin America (Other Americas), and Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA);

The following table presents our operating revenues disaggregated by product (in thousands):

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
   
2023
   
2022
   
2023
   
2022
 
Exchange aggregation
 
$
11,221
     
93.7
%
 
$
10,796
     
97.8
%  
$
35,474
     
94.0
%
 
$
38,376
     
97.4
%
Fiat onboarding
   
572
     
4.8
      106
     
1.0
     
1,660
     
4.4
     
281
     
0.7
 
Staking
   
168
     
1.4
     
121
      1.1
     
527
     
1.4
     
582
      1.5
 
Other(1)
   
19
     
0.1
     
11
      0.1
     
44
     
0.1
     
93
      0.2
 
Consulting
   
-
     
-
     
-
      -
     
25
     
0.1
     
25
      0.1
 
Gaming
   
-
     
-
     
-
      -
     
-
     
-
     
22
      0.1
 
Operating revenues
 
$
11,980
     
100.0
%
 
$
11,034
      100.0 %  
$
37,730
     
100.0
%
 
$
39,379
      100.0 %

(1)
Includes $0.1 million of related party revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. There was no related party revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2022 or for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. See Note 9.

18

Operating revenues from major API providers exceeding 10% of the total operating revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
   
2023
   
2022
   
2023
   
2022
 
Number of major API providers
   
5
     
6
     
5
     
5
 
Percentage of operating revenues
   
84.2
%
   
95.3
%
   
85.0
%
   
86.9
%
Amount of revenues (in thousands)
 
$
10,090
   
$
10,518
   
$
32,075
   
$
34,239
 

For transaction-based API fees, the transaction price is allocated per qualified interaction between the provider and the user. Exchange interactions (from API to the Company to permit the exchange to be incorporated into our wallet, solely with respect to users of the Exodus wallet) generate API fees, and the Company tracks fees earned on a daily basis. The provider pays a percentage of the transaction price to the Company. As each transaction-based API interaction occurs, we realize revenue. With the majority of our revenue being transaction based, our revenue can vary significantly based on the type and number of interactions that occur each day. The performance obligations are such that the Company allows the API providers to provide software services which permit a user of Exodus’s un-hosted and non-custodial digital asset software wallet to exchange one digital asset for another digital asset (the “Exchange Services”). The API providers supply an application program interface to permit the Exchange Services to be integrated into the un-hosted wallet software (the “Exchange API”). Under the terms and conditions of the agreements, the Company and the Exchange Providers have integrated the Exchange APIs into the Exodus wallet.

For non-transaction-based API fees, the Company recognizes revenues based on performance obligations in the underlying contracts having been identified, priced, allocated, and satisfied.

The Company has concluded that the contracts do not contain any significant financing components, as either the period between receipt of the funds and the satisfaction of performance obligations is largely within one year, or much of the transaction consideration is variable, and is not substantially within the control of the parties to the contract.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $1.0 million outstanding performance obligations. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had no outstanding performance obligations, therefore there were no contract assets or liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Cost of Revenues
The Company’s cost of revenues are classified as software development, user support, and security and wallet operations. Depreciation related to cost of revenues equipment and amortization of software assets are also included.

Software Development
Software development expenses represent costs incurred by the Company for the development of the Exodus Platform, individual API integrations, and our application ecosystem. These include related salaries and costs, fees paid to consultants, and outside service providers. Most software development costs are expensed as incurred except for costs associated with internal use software.

User Support
User support expenses include related salaries and costs, fees paid to consultants and outside service providers, and software or applications used for user support. User support expenses are expensed as incurred.

Security and Wallet Operations
Security and wallet operations expenses consist of development operations and security related activities. Costs are primarily related salaries and costs, fees paid to consultants and outside service providers, and costs related to web hosting and maintaining servers. Most costs are expensed as incurred except for costs associated with internal use software.

19

Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses consist of depreciation of fixed assets and amortization of software assets.

Operating Expenses
The Company’s operating expenses are classified as general and administrative, advertising and marketing, depreciation related to general and administrative equipment, impairment of digital assets, and gain on sale of digital assets.

General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses consist of administrative, compliance, legal, investor relations, financial operations, information technology, and foreign currency gain or loss. They include related salaries and costs, office expenses, meals and entertainment costs, software/applications for operational use, and other general and administrative expenses, including but not limited to technology subscriptions, travel, utilities, and vehicle expenses.

Advertising and marketing expenses include marketing and business development related activities consisting primarily of advertising, corporate marketing, public relations, promotional items, events and conferences, related salaries, and fees paid for software applications used for advertising and marketing. Advertising and marketing expenses are expensed as incurred.

Impairment (Gain) of Digital Assets, net
Impairment (gain) of digital assets, net includes the impairment of digital assets and gain on sale of digital assets.

Stock-based Compensation
Stock-based compensation cost is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the option award and is recognized as expense ratably over the vesting period of the award. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based awards represent the Company’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. As a result, if factors change and the Company uses different assumptions, its stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. The Company elected to account for its graded vesting awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. Stock-based compensation is recorded in cost of revenues and general and administrative to align this benefit with team member salary expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income.

Income Taxes
The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for deferred income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities at currently enacted tax rates.

These temporary differences primarily relate to net operating loss carryforwards available to offset future taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, if necessary, to reduce a deferred tax asset to the amount that will more likely than not be realized.

The Company recognizes tax liabilities from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the tax position. There are no uncertain tax positions that have been recognized in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company is required to file tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various states and local municipalities. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax benefits in operating expenses. The Company paid no penalties during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Earnings per Share
The Company uses the if converted method to calculate earnings per share.  Basic net income per share was computed by allocating undistributed earnings to common shares and using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share was computed using the weighted-average number of common shares and, if dilutive, the potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options or vesting of restricted stock units. The dilutive effect of outstanding stock options is reflected in diluted earnings per share. All outstanding dilutive securities have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as they are anti-dilutive.

20

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock (in thousands, except per share amounts):
   
Three Months
Ended
September 30,
   
Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
 
   
2023
   
2022
   
2023
   
2022
 
Basic net (loss) income per share:
                       
Numerator
                       
Allocation of undistributed earnings
 
$
(251
)
 
$
(645
)
 
$
2,391
   
$
(18,863
)
Denominator
                               
Weighted-average number of shares used in per share computation - Class A
   
4,060
     
2,788
     
3,804
     
2,788
 
Weighted-average number of shares used in per share computation - Class B
   
21,799
     
22,544
     
21,799
     
22,171
 
Basic net (loss) income per share - Class A
 
$
(0.06
)
 
$
(0.23
)
 
$
0.63
   
$
(6.77
)
Basic net (loss) income per share - Class B
 
$
(0.01
)
 
$
(0.03
)
 
$
0.11
   
$
(0.85
)
                                 
Diluted net (loss) income per share:
                               
Numerator
                               
Allocation of undistributed earnings
 
$
(251
)
 
$
(645
)
 
$
2,391
   
$
(18,863
)
Denominator
                               
Weighted-average number of shares used in diluted computation - Class A
   
4,060
     
2,788
     
7,291
     
2,788
 
Weighted-average number of shares used in diluted computation - Class B
   
21,799
     
22,544
     
23,799
     
22,171
 
Diluted net (loss) income per share – Class A
 
$
(0.06
)
 
$
(0.23
)
 
$
0.33
   
$
(6.77
)
Diluted net (loss) income per share - Class B
 
$
(0.01
)
 
$
(0.03
)
 
$
0.10
   
$
(0.85
)

Diluted earnings per share include the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents and is computed using the weighted-average number of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 excluded common stock equivalents because the effect of their inclusion would be anti-dilutive or would decrease the reported loss per share.

The following table sets forth securities outstanding that could potentially dilute the calculation of diluted earnings per share (in thousands):

   
Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2023
   
Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
   
Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
 
Stock options outstanding
   
2,196
     
2,264
     
2,247
 
Unvested restricted stock units
   
3,230
     
631
     
557
 
Number of anti-dilutive shares
   
5,426
     
2,895
     
2,804
 

21

2.
Prepaid Expenses

The Company prepays certain expenses due to the nature of the service provided or to capture certain discounts. The table below shows a breakout of these prepaid expenses for the periods presented (in thousands):

   
September 30,
2023
   
December 31,
2022
 
Prepaid cloud services
 
$
675
   
$
559
 
Prepaid software
   
345
     
2,154
 
Accounting, consulting, and legal services
   
153
     
39
 
Prepaid insurance
   
102
     
-
 
Other
   
17
     
-
 
Prepaid expenses
 
$
1,292
   
$
2,752
 

3.
Intangible Assets

Indefinite-Lived Asset
Indefinite-lived assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

   
September 30,
2023
   
December 31,
2022
 
Exodus.com domain name
 
$
1,945
   
$
1,945
 
Indefinite-lived assets, net
 
$
1,945
   
$
1,945
 

The Company purchased the exodus.com domain name in the first quarter of 2021 for $1.9 million. The Company purchased the Exodus Instagram handle during the third quarter of 2021 for $0.1 million and subsequently impaired this asset as of December 31, 2022 as part of our annual impairment review. The Company considers these assets to be indefinite-lived assets resulting in no recognition of amortization.

Digital Assets
The Company uses Bitcoin and other digital assets in the ordinary course of its business and includes them as digital assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company considers these digital assets to be intangible assets and records them at cost less impairment. Digital assets not directly exchanged from the Company’s U.S. Dollar holdings are valued based on publicly available pricing data obtained from a well-known pricing service. The Company tracks its digital assets on a first in, first out basis and evaluates daily holdings for impairment. Realized gains or losses on digital asset transactions are calculated as the difference between the value of the price sold compared to the impaired cost.

For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded net impairment of digital assets of $0.4 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded net gain of digital assets of $0.3 million on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded a net impairment of digital assets of $16.5 million on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income.

22

The table below outlines the value of our digital assets based on publicly available rates as of the dates presented as well as the book value (in thousands, except units):

   
September 30, 2023
   
December 31, 2022
 
   
Units
   
Book value
   
Market value (1)
   
Units
   
Book value
   
Market value (1)
 
Bitcoin (BTC)
   
1,656
   
$
25,378
   
$
44,527
     
1,391
   
$
17,549
   
$
22,974
 
Ethereum (ETH)
   
2,538
     
2,022
     
4,229
     
2,538
     
2,022
     
3,031
 
Algorand (ALGO)
   
4,464,652
     
392
     
450
     
4,263,132
     
686
     
715
 
Sovryn (SOV)
   
100,401
     
96
     
99
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Other digital assets
   
31,746
     
130
     
224
     
25,339
     
45
     
53
 
Digital assets, net
         
$
28,018
   
$
49,529
           
$
20,302
   
$
26,773
 

(1)
Market rate represents a determination of fair market value derived from publicly available information.

4.
Fixed Assets, Net

Fixed assets, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):

   
September 30,
2023
   
December 31,
2022
 
Computer equipment
 
$
928
   
$
1,049
 
Vehicles
   
256
     
256
 
Furniture and fixtures
   
21
     
18
 
Fixed assets, gross
   
1,205
     
1,323
 
Less:  accumulated depreciation
   
(848
)
   
(706
)
Fixed assets, net
 
$
357
   
$
617
 

Depreciation expense was $0.1 million for both of the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. Depreciation expense was $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

5.
Software Assets, Net

Software assets, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):

   
September 30,
2023
   
December 31,
2022
 
Internal use software
 
$
15,396
   
$
11,640
 
Website
   
53
     
53
 
Software assets, gross
   
15,449
     
11,693
 
Less:  accumulated amortization
   
(7,086
)
   
(4,203
)
Software assets, net
 
$
8,363
   
$
7,490
 

The following summarizes the future amortization expense (in thousands):

12 Months Ending September 30,
     
2024
 
$
4,537
 
2025
   
2,919
 
2026
   
907
 
   
$
8,363
 

Amortization expense was $1.1 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Amortization expense was $3.1 million and $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

23

6.          Stockholders’ Equity

The rights of the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, except with respect to voting and conversion rights. Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes per share and is convertible into one share of Class A common stock.

In November 2021, the Company authorized a share repurchase program. The plan provides $2.0 million towards redemption of its outstanding shares of Class A common stock at a price up to $55.00 per share. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has cumulatively repurchased and cancelled 4,778 shares worth $0.1 million on the condensed consolidated financial statements. During the fourth quarter of 2022, the Executive Officers repurchased 308 shares. The share repurchase program expired as of December 31, 2022.

The Company’s Class A common stock is represented by digital Common Stock Tokens that can be viewed through the Exodus Platform. Common Stock Tokens are not shares of Class A common stock; rather, they are digital representations of the number of shares purchased and held by a given stockholder. In September 2021, Common Stock Tokens began trading on tZERO ATS (“tZERO”), the regulated alternative trading system and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) member broker-dealer subsidiary of tZERO, a leader in blockchain innovation and liquidity for digital assets. In March 2022, Common Stock Tokens also began trading on Securitize Markets, LLC, a regulated alternative trading system and FINRA member broker-dealer subsidiary of Securitize, Inc. Both the Company’s transfer agent, Securitize LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Transfer Agent”), and tZERO have the ability to support trades of our Class A common stock and transfers of our Common Stock Tokens.

Stock-Based Compensation

Options and Equity Grants Issued
The 2019 Equity Incentive Plan adopted in September 2019 (the “2019 Plan”) permitted the Company to grant non-statutory stock options, incentive stock options, and other equity awards to Exodus team members, directors, and consultants. The exercise price for options issued under the 2019 Plan is determined by the board of directors, but will be (i) in the case of an incentive stock option granted to an employee or consultant who owns stock representing more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of stock of Exodus, no less than 110% of the fair market value per share on the date of grant; or (ii) granted to any other employee or consultant, no less than 100% of the fair market value per share on the date of grant. The contractual life for all options issued under the 2019 Plan is 10 years. The 2019 Plan authorized grants to issue up to 3,000,000 options (prior to the 2021 Employee Equity Redemption Plan) that are convertible into shares of authorized but unissued Class B common stock. As of September 30, 2023, there were 2,168,051 shares of Class B common stock options outstanding.

In August 2021, the Company also adopted the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”). The 2021 Plan permits the Company to grant non-statutory stock options, incentive stock options and other equity awards, such as restricted stock awards, to Exodus team members, directors, and consultants. The exercise price for options issued under the 2021 Plan is determined by the board of directors, but will be (i) in the case of an incentive stock option granted to an employee who owns stock representing more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of stock of Exodus, no less than 110% of the fair market value per share on the date of grant; or (ii) granted to any other employee or consultant, no less than 100% of the fair market value per share on the date of grant. The contractual life for all options issued under the 2021 Plan is 10 years. The 2021 Plan initially authorized grants to issue up to 2,780,000 awards that are convertible into shares of authorized but unissued Class A common stock. Pursuant to the terms of the 2021 Plan, the Company may increase our share pool by 5% of our total shares of capital stock each year. In 2023 and 2022, the total shares of our Class A common stock reserved for issuance increased by 1,875,000 shares for both periods for a total of 6,530,000 shares of Class A common stock reserved under the 2021 Plan. As of September 30, 2023, there were 3,092,793 restricted stock units that are authorized and outstanding with a fair value of $10.6 million and 473 restricted stock units were vested but not yet issued.

Upon the approval of the 2021 Plan, the Company can no longer grant non-statutory stock options, incentives stock options, or other equity awards to Exodus employees, directors, or consultants under the 2019 Plan.

Terms of our share-based compensation are governed by the plan in which options were issued.

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Options Valuation
We calculate the fair value of stock-based compensation awards granted to employees and non-employees using the Black-Scholes option-pricing method. If we determine that other methods are more reasonable, or other methods for calculating these assumptions are prescribed by regulators, the fair value calculated for our stock options could change significantly. Higher volatility and longer expected lives would result in an increase to stock-based compensation expense to non-employees determined at the date of grant.

The material factors incorporated in the Black-Scholes model in estimating the fair value of the options granted for the periods presented were as follows:

Expected dividend yield. The expected dividend is assumed to be zero as we have never paid dividends and have no current plans to pay any dividends on our common stock.
Expected stock-price volatility. The expected volatility is derived from the average historical volatilities of publicly traded companies within our industry that we consider to be comparable over a period approximately equal to the expected term.
Risk-free interest rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant for zero coupon U.S. Treasury notes with maturities approximately equal to the expected term.
Expected term. The expected term represents the period that the stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. Our historical share option exercise experience does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate an expected term because of a lack of sufficient data. Therefore, we estimate the expected term by using the simplified method provided by the SEC. The simplified method calculates the expected term as the average of the time-to-vesting and the contractual life of the options.
Fair value per share. The fair value per share is the fair price or theoretical value for a call or a put option based on six variables such as volatility, type of option, underlying stock price, time, strike price, and risk-free rate.

We will continue to use judgment in evaluating the expected volatility and expected terms utilized for our stock-based compensation calculations on a prospective basis. The following table summarizes stock option activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

   
Options
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding as of January 1, 2022
   
2,265,725
   
$
2.40
 
Exercised
   
(6,524
)
   
2.45
 
Forfeited
   
(67,572
)
   
2.43
 
Outstanding as of September 30, 2022
   
2,291,629
   
$
2.40
 
Outstanding as of January 1, 2023
   
2,190,979
   
$
2.40
 
Exercised
   
(300
)
   
2.55
 
Forfeited
   
(22,628
)
   
2.52
 
Outstanding as of September 30, 2023
   
2,168,051
   
$
2.40
 
Vested and exercisable as of September 30, 2023
   
2,141,304
   
$
2.40
 

We recognized stock-based compensation related to options and restricted stock units of $1.3 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We recognized stock-based compensation related to options and restricted stock units of $5.4 million and $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Stock-based compensation is recorded on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income as follows (in thousands):

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
                         
   
2023
   
2022
   
2023
   
2022
 
Cost of revenues
 
$
643
   
$
825
   
$
2,339
   
$
2,304
 
General and administrative
   
690
     
653
     
3,056
     
2,427
 
Stock-based compensation
 
$
1,333
   
$
1,478
   
$
5,395
   
$
4,731
 

As of September 30, 2023, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense was $4.3 million.

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7.
Income Taxes

At the end of each interim period, the Company records income taxes by applying an estimated annualized effective tax rate to the current period income or loss before income taxes. The Company’s annualized effective tax rate is based on pre-tax earnings, enacted U.S. statutory tax rates, non-deductible expenses, certain tax rate differences between U.S. and foreign jurisdictions, and specific events that are discretely recognized entirely within the interim period in which they occur. Exodus’ foreign subsidiary files an income tax return in Switzerland.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, the Company recorded an income tax expense of $1.0 million and pre-tax benefit $5.4 million, on pre-tax income of $3.4 million and pre-tax loss of $27.8 million, resulting in effective tax rates of 29.1% and 20.5%, respectively.

The nine months ended September 30, 2023 effective tax rate was primarily impacted by the change in permanent differences and discrete items, including the tax effect of digital asset gains and losses, specifically recognized in the period. The nine months ended September 30, 2022 effective tax rate was primarily impacted by the change in permanent differences and discrete items, including the tax effect of digital asset gains and losses, specifically recognized in the period.

8.
Legal Proceedings

During the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to threatened or actual legal proceedings. The outcome of any such proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. As of the date of this form, the Company was not engaged in legal proceedings that are expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material effect on the Company.

9.
Related Party Transactions

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, related party transactions included:

tZERO is a platform on which investors can buy and sell tokenized shares of the Company’s Class A common stock:
No revenue was recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Revenue of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million was settled in tZERO Preferred Shares for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.
$0.1 million and $0.1 million of unrealized loss on investments was recorded on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Less than $0.1 million loss on investment and less than $0.1 million gain on investment income recorded on the condensed consolidated statements of operation and comprehensive (loss) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.
$0.2 and $0.3 million of other investments were recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

10.
Subsequent Events

Management has evaluated subsequent events occurring after the consolidated balance sheet date through the date of November 29, 2023, the date for which the consolidated financial statements were available to be released. Based upon this evaluation, Management has determined that no subsequent events have occurred.


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