0001819559false333-000000N-2ASRWestern Asset Diversified Income Fund (WDI)Percentage of Net Assets Attributable to Common SharesThe sales load will apply only if the securities to which this Prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters. In such case, a corresponding Prospectus Supplement will disclose the applicable sales load.The related Prospectus Supplement will disclose the estimated amount of offering expenses, the offering price and the offering expenses borne by the Fund as a percentage of the offering price.Common Shareholders will pay brokerage charges if they direct the Plan Agent (defined below) to sell Common Shares held in a dividend reinvestment account. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.” There are no fees charged to shareholders for participating in the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan. However, shareholders participating in the plan that elect to sell their shares obtained pursuant to the plan would pay $5.00 per transaction to sell shares.The Manager receives an annual fee, payable monthly, in an amount equal to 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily Managed Assets. “Managed Assets” means net assets plus the amount of any outstanding borrowings used for leverage and assets attributable to any preferred shares that may be outstanding. If the Fund were to use leverage, the amount of management fees paid to the FTFA will be higher than if the Fund does not use leverage because the fees paid are calculated on the Funds Managed Assets.The Fund enters into reverse repurchase agreements. The expenses and rates associated with leverage may vary as and when Borrowings or issuances of Preferred Shares are made. “Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds” reflects an annualized interest charge based on the interest rate and borrowings in effect on December 31, 2023. Expenses based on amounts incurred in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The example above should not be considered a representation of future expenses. Actual expenses may be higher or lower than those shown. The example assumes that all dividends and distributions are reinvested at net asset value. Actual expenses may be greater or less than those assumed. Moreover, the Fund’s actual rate of return may be greater or less than the hypothetical 5% return shown in the example.Net asset value per share is determined as of close of business on the last day of the relevant quarter and therefore may not reflect the net asset value per share on the date of the high and low closing sales prices, which may or may not fall on the last day of the quarter. 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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 18, 2024
1933 Act File
No. 
333-
     
1940 Act File
No. 811-23598
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
N-2
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Pre-Effective
Amendment No.
Post-Effective Amendment No.
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
Amendment No. 6
Western Asset Diversified Income Fund
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Declaration of Trust)
620 Eighth Avenue, 47th Floor
New York, New York 10018
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(888)
777-0102
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Jane Trust
Franklin Templeton
620 Eighth Avenue, 47th
Floor
New York, New York 10018
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Copies to:
                                                
 
David W. Blass, Esq.
Ryan P. Brizek, Esq.
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP
900 G Street NW
Washington, DC 20001
 
Marc A. De Oliveira, Esq.
Franklin Templeton
100 First Stamford Place
Stamford, CT 06902
                                                                                                                                                  
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering:
From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the
following
box .
If any of the securities being registered on this form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan,
check
the following box. 
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction A.2 or a post-effective amendment thereto, check the following box .
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction B or a post-effective amendment thereto that will become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box .
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction B to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box .
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)
 
 
when declared effective pursuant to Section 8(c)
If appropriate, check the following box:
 
 
This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed registration statement.

 
This form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to
Rule
462(b) under the Securities Act and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is     .
 
 
This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is     .
 
 
This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is     .
Check each box that appropriately characterizes the Registrant:
 
 
Registered
Closed-End
Fund
(closed-end
company that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“Investment Company Act”)).
 
 
Business Development Company
(closed-end
company that intends or has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act).
 
 
Interval Fund (Registered
Closed-End
Fund or a Business Development Company that makes periodic repurchase offers under Rule
23c-3
under the Investment Company Act).
 
 
A.2 Qualified (qualified to register securities pursuant to General Instruction A.2 of this Form).
 
 
Well-Known Seasoned Issuer (as defined by Rule 405 under the Securities Act).
 
 
Emerging Growth Company (as defined by Rule
12b-2
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”).
 
 
If an Emerging Growth Company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act.
 
 
New Registrant (registered or regulated under the Investment Company Act for less than 12 calendar months preceding this filing).

PRELIMINARY BASE PROSPECTUS
Western Asset Diversified Income Fund
Common Shares
Subscription Rights to Purchase Common Shares
The Fund.
Western Asset Diversified Income Fund, a Maryland statutory trust (the “Fund”), is a diversified,
closed-end
management investment company.
Investment Objectives.
The Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek high current income. As a secondary investment objective, the Fund will seek capital appreciation. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives.
Investment Strategies.
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objectives by investing, under normal market conditions, across fixed income sectors and securities in seeking to deliver a well-diversified portfolio. Western Asset Management Company, LLC (“Western Asset”) will seek to dynamically rotate investments into sectors and securities that it believes to be undervalued from a fundamental perspective with an attractive return profile and away from investments that it believes to be overvalued. The Fund may invest in investment-grade and high-yield corporate debt securities, senior loans, agency and
non-agency
residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), government (
i.e.
, sovereign) debt (including U.S. government obligations), floating rate securities, bank loans, collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”), asset-backed securities (whose underlying asset classes include, but are not limited to, equipment leases, solar and student loans), private debt and mortgage whole loans.
Investment Manager and Subadviser.
Franklin Templeton Fund Adviser, LLC (“FTFA” or the “Manager”), the Fund’s investment manager, supervises the
day-to-day
management of the Fund’s portfolio by Western Asset, Western Asset Management Company Limited in London (“Western Asset London”), Western Asset Management Company Pte. Ltd. in Singapore (“Western Asset Singapore”) and Western Asset Management Company Ltd in Japan (“Western Asset Japan” and together, with Western Asset London and Western Asset Singapore, the
“Non-U.S.
Subadvisers”) and provides administrative and management services to the Fund.
The Fund’s common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Shares”) are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the trading or “ticker” symbol “WDI.” The net asset value of our Common Shares at the close of business on November 29, 2024 was $15.49 per share, and the last sale price per Common Share on the NYSE on that date was $14.93.
Offering.
The Fund may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings, our Common Shares, which we also refer to as our securities, at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more Prospectus Supplements to this Prospectus.
We may offer and sell our securities to or through underwriters, through dealers or agents that we designate from time to time, directly to purchasers, through
at-the-market
offerings or through a combination of these methods. An
at-the-market
offering is an offering where the price per share of the Fund’s Common Shares is determined by the market price per share of the Fund’s outstanding Common Shares as of the time of each take-down offering. If an offering of securities involves any underwriters, dealers or agents, then the applicable Prospectus Supplement will name the underwriters, dealers or agents and will provide information regarding any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount arrangements made with those underwriters, dealers or agents or the basis upon which such amount may be calculated. See “Plan of Distribution—Distribution Through Agents,” “—Distribution Through Underwriters” and “—Distribution Through Dealers.” We may not sell any of our securities through agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery of a Prospectus Supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of our securities.

An investment in the Fund involves certain risks arising from, among other things, the Fund’s ability to invest without limitation in below investment grade debt securities (commonly referred to as either “high yield” securities or “junk bonds”), including securities of stressed, distressed or defaulted issuers, and illiquid investments. An investment in the Fund is also subject to the risk of the use of leverage and risks related to investments in derivative instruments. Investors should carefully consider the Fund’s risks and investment objectives, as an investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors and is not designed to be a complete investment program. No assurance can be given that the Fund’s investment objectives will be achieved. Before buying any of the Fund’s Common Shares, you should read the discussion of the principal risks of investing in the Fund in the “Risks” section beginning on page 39 of this Prospectus and any Prospectus Supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Prospectus dated December 18, 2024.
 
(continued on following page)

(continued from previous page)
 
Western Asset, Western Asset Singapore, Western Asset Japan and Western Asset London, the Fund’s subadvisers, are responsible for the
day-to-day
portfolio management of the Fund, subject to the supervision of the Fund’s Board of Trustees and FTFA. As of September 30, 2024, Western Asset and its supervised affiliates total assets under management were approximately $360.3 billion.
In connection with Western Asset’s service to the Fund, Western Asset Singapore, Western Asset Japan and Western Asset London provide certain subadvisory services to the Fund relating to currency transactions and investments in
non-U.S.
dollar denominated debt securities and related foreign currency instruments. FTFA, Western Asset, Western Asset Singapore, Western Asset Japan and Western Asset London are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Franklin Resources, Inc., a global investment management organization operating as Franklin Templeton.
Leverage.
The Fund may seek to enhance the level of its current distributions to holders of Common Shares (“Common Shareholders”) through the use of leverage. The Fund may use leverage through borrowings, including loans from certain financial institutions, the use of reverse repurchase agreements and/or the issuance of debt securities (collectively, “Borrowings”), and possibly through the issuance of preferred shares of beneficial interest (“Preferred Shares”). The Fund may use leverage through Borrowings in an aggregate amount of up to approximately 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities (for these purposes, “total net assets”) immediately after such Borrowings. Furthermore, the Fund may use leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares in an aggregate amount of liquidation preference attributable to the Preferred Shares combined with the aggregate amount of any Borrowings of up to approximately 50% of the Fund’s total net assets immediately after such issuance. Currently, the Fund has no intention to issue notes or debt securities or Preferred Shares.
In addition, the Fund may enter into additional reverse repurchase agreements and/or use similar investment management techniques that may provide leverage, subject to the requirements of Rule
18f-4
under the 1940 Act. Under Rule
18f-4(d),
the Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions in reliance on the rule if the Fund either (i) complies with the asset coverage requirements of Section 18 of the 1940 Act, and combines the aggregate amount of indebtedness associated with all reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions with the aggregate amount of any other senior securities representing indebtedness when calculating its asset coverage ratio; or (ii) treats all reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions as derivatives transactions for all purposes under the rule.
The Fund currently uses leverage through Borrowings and as of November 29, 2024, 31.5% of the Fund’s gross assets were levered. See “Leverage,” “Description of Shares—Preferred Shares” and “Risks—Risks Related to the Fund—Leverage Risk.”
Distribution
. A distribution by the Fund consisting of a return of capital should not be considered a dividend yield or total return of an investment in the Fund’s Common Shares. Common Shareholders who receive the payment of a distribution consisting of a return of capital may be under the impression that they are receiving net profits when they are not. Shareholders should not assume that the source of a distribution from the Fund is net profits. In general terms, a return of capital would involve a situation in which a Fund distribution (or a portion thereof) represents a return of a portion of a shareholder’s investment in the Fund, rather than making a distribution that is funded from the Fund’s earned income or other profits. Although return of capital distributions may not be currently taxable, such distributions would decrease the basis of a shareholder’s shares (but not below zero), and therefore, may increase a shareholder’s tax liability for capital gains upon a sale of shares, even if sold at a loss to the shareholder’s original investment.
Limited Term and Eligible Tender Offer
. In accordance with the Fund’s Declaration of Trust, the Fund intends to dissolve as of the first business day following the twelfth anniversary of the effective date of the Fund’s initial registration statement, which the Fund currently expects to occur on or about June 24, 2033 (the “Dissolution Date”); provided that the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the “Board”) may, by a vote of a majority of the entire Board and seventy-five percent (75%) of the members of the Board who either (x) have been a member of the Board for a period of at least
thirty-six
months or (y) were nominated to serve as a member of the Board by a majority of

the Continuing Trustees, as defined below, then members of the Board (a “Board Action Vote”), without shareholder approval, extend the Dissolution Date for up to two years (which date shall then become the Dissolution Date). Each holder of Common Shares (the “Common Shareholders”) would be paid a pro rata portion of the Fund’s net assets upon dissolution of the Fund. The Board may, by a Board Action Vote, cause the Fund to conduct a tender offer, as of a date within the
6-18
months preceding the Dissolution Date (as may be extended as described above), to all Common Shareholders to purchase 100% of the then outstanding Common Shares of the Fund at a price equal to the NAV per Common Share on the expiration date of the tender offer (an “Eligible Tender Offer”). The Board has established that the Fund must have at least $200 million of aggregate net assets immediately following the consummation of an Eligible Tender Offer to ensure the continued viability of the Fund (the “Dissolution Threshold”). In an Eligible Tender Offer, the Fund will offer to purchase all Common Shares held by each Common Shareholder; provided that if the payment for properly tendered Common Shares would result in the Fund having aggregate net assets below the Dissolution Threshold, the Eligible Tender Offer will be canceled, no Common Shares will be repurchased and the Fund will dissolve as scheduled. If an Eligible Tender Offer is conducted and the payment for properly tendered Common Shares would result in the Fund having aggregate net assets greater than or equal to the Dissolution Threshold, all Common Shares properly tendered and not withdrawn will be purchased by the Fund pursuant to the terms of the Eligible Tender Offer. Following the consummation of an Eligible Tender Offer, the Board may, by a Board Action Vote, eliminate the Dissolution Date without shareholder approval and provide for the Fund’s perpetual existence. There is no guarantee that the Board will eliminate the Dissolution Date following the consummation of an Eligible Tender Offer. The Board may, to the extent it deems appropriate and without shareholder approval, adopt a plan of liquidation at any time preceding the anticipated Dissolution Date, which plan of liquidation may set forth the terms and conditions for implementing the termination of the Fund’s existence, including the commencement of the winding down of its investment operations and the making of one or more liquidating distributions to Common Shareholders prior to the Dissolution Date.
The Fund is not a so called “target date” or “life cycle” fund whose asset allocation becomes more conservative over time as its target date, often associated with retirement, approaches. In addition, the Fund is not a “target term” fund and thus does not seek to return the Fund’s initial public offering price per Common Share upon dissolution of the Fund or in an Eligible Tender Offer. The final distribution of net assets per Common Share upon dissolution or the price per Common Share in an Eligible Tender Offer may be more than, equal to or less than the initial public offering price per Common Share.
This Prospectus is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), as a “well-known seasoned issuer” as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), using the “shelf” registration process. Under the shelf registration process, we may offer, from time to time, separately or together in one or more offerings, the securities described in this Prospectus. The securities may be offered at prices and on terms described in one or more supplements to this Prospectus. This Prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities that we may offer. Each time we use this Prospectus to offer securities, we will provide a Prospectus Supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The Prospectus Supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this Prospectus. This Prospectus, together with any Prospectus Supplement, sets forth concisely the information about us that a prospective investor ought to know before investing. You should read this Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement before deciding whether to invest and retain them for future reference. A Statement of Additional Information, dated December 18, 2024 (the “SAI”), containing additional information about us, has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this Prospectus. You may request a free copy of the SAI (the table of contents of which is on page i of this Prospectus), annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders (when available), and additional information about the Fund by calling (888)
777-0102,
by writing to the Fund at 620 Eighth Avenue, 47th Floor, New York, NY 10018 or visiting the Fund’s website
(http://www.franklintempleton.com/investments/options/closed-end-funds).
The information contained in, or accessed through, the Fund’s website is not part of this Prospectus. You may also obtain a copy of the SAI (and other information regarding the Fund) from the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information relating to the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202)
551-8090.
Such materials, as well as the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports (when available) and other information regarding the Fund, are also available on the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov). You may also
e-mail

requests for these documents to publicinfo@sec.gov or make a request in writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Room, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549-0102.
As permitted by regulations adopted by the SEC, the Fund does not intend to mail paper copies of the Fund’s shareholder reports, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports from the Fund or from your financial intermediary (such as a broker-dealer or bank). Instead, the reports will be made available on a website, and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report. If you invest through a financial intermediary and you already elected to receive shareholder reports electronically
(“e-delivery”),
you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. If you have not already elected
e-delivery,
you may elect to receive shareholder reports and other communications from the Fund electronically by contacting your financial intermediary. You may elect to receive all reports in paper free of charge. If you invest through a financial intermediary, you can contact your financial intermediary to request that you receive paper copies of your shareholder reports. That election will apply to all legacy Franklin Templeton funds held in your account at that financial intermediary. If you are a direct shareholder with the Fund, you can call the Fund at
1-888-888-0151,
or write to the Fund by regular mail at P.O. Box 505000, Louisville, KY 40233 or by overnight delivery to Computershare, 462 South 4th Street, Suite 1600, Louisville, KY 40202 to let the Fund know you wish to receive paper copies of your shareholder reports. That election will apply to all legacy Franklin Templeton funds held in your account held directly with the fund complex.
Shares of beneficial interest of
closed-end
investment companies frequently trade at discounts to their net asset values. If our Common Shares trade at a discount to our net asset value, the risk of loss may increase for purchasers of our Common Shares, especially for those investors who expect to sell their Common Shares in a relatively short period after purchasing shares in this offering. See “Risks—Market Price Discount from Net Asset Value Risk.”
The Fund’s securities do not represent a deposit or obligation of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and are not federally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other governmental agency.

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You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus and any related Prospectus Supplement. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted or where the person making the offer or sale is not qualified to do so or to any person to whom it is not permitted to make such offer or sale. You should assume that the information appearing in this Prospectus and any Prospectus Supplement is accurate only as of the respective dates on their front covers, regardless of the time of delivery of this Prospectus, any Prospectus Supplement, or any sale of our securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

Prospectus Summary
This is only a summary. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in the Fund’s Common Shares. You should review the more detailed information contained elsewhere in this Prospectus, any related Prospectus Supplements and in the Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”), especially the information under the heading “Risks.” Unless otherwise indicated or the content otherwise requires, references to “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Western Asset Diversified Income Fund.
 
The Fund
   Western Asset Diversified Income Fund, a Maryland statutory trust (the “Fund”), is a diversified,
closed-end
management investment company.
The Offering
   The Fund may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings, common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share (“Common Shares”), which we also refer to as our securities, at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more prospectus supplements (each, a “Prospectus Supplement”) to this Prospectus. We may also offer subscription rights to purchase our Common Shares.
   We may offer and sell our securities to or through underwriters, through dealers or agents that we designate from time to time, directly to purchasers, through
at-the-market
offerings or through a combination of these methods. If an offering of securities involves any underwriters, dealers or agents, then the applicable Prospectus Supplement will name the underwriters, dealers or agents and will provide information regarding any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount arrangements made with those underwriters, dealers or agents or the basis upon which such amount may be calculated. See “Plan of Distribution.” We may not sell any of our securities through agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery of a Prospectus Supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of our securities. The offering price per Common Share will not be less than the net asset value per Common Share at the time we make the offering, exclusive of any underwriting commissions or discounts, provided that rights offerings that meet certain conditions may be offered at a price below the then current net asset value. See “Preliminary Prospectus Supplement—Subscription Rights to Acquire Common Shares.”
Who May Want to Invest
  
Investors should consider their investment goals, time horizons and risk tolerance before investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not appropriate for all investors, and the Fund is not intended to be a complete investment program. The Fund is designed as a long-term investment and not as a trading vehicle. The Fund may be an appropriate investment for investors seeking a fund that:
 
•  has a diverse opportunity set and anticipates investing in a wide range of fixed income securities, seeking to go beyond traditional bond benchmarks to access a broad range of opportunities for income and capital appreciation;
 
•  is income-focused providing potential access to fixed income sectors and private debt not typically available through
 
1

  
traditional mutual funds, which are limited in the amount of their assets that can be invested in illiquid investments;
 
•  is flexible and dynamic and anticipates rotating sectors and securities in response to market conditions, focusing on what Western Asset Management Company, LLC (“Western Asset”), together with its affiliates, the
sub-adviser
to the Fund, believes are undervalued securities with attractive fundamentals; or
 
•  will draw on Western Asset’s 52 years of deep experience as an active fixed income manager, with $360.3 billion in assets under management.
 
FTFA, the Fund’s investment manager, and Western Asset believe that a dynamically allocated, diversified portfolio can provide attractive returns and diversification benefits compared to sector specific strategies. Additionally, FTFA and Western Asset believe that the Fund’s
closed-end
limited term structure allows investors to liquidate at NAV after a limited term, while avoiding the potential diminution of value that could occur in an
open-end
structure. The
closed-end
structure allows the Fund to maintain a stable pool of assets, without the need to keep a portion of the assets in
low-yielding
instruments like cash or cash equivalents or to liquidate assets, sometimes at inopportune times, to meet redemption requests. The
closed-end
fund structure also allows for investments in less-liquid securities, such as private debt, not typically available through traditional mutual funds, which are limited in the amount of their assets that can be invested in illiquid investments.
Limited Term and Eligible Tender Offer
   In accordance with the Fund’s Second Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, dated May 12, 2021, as amended from time to time (the “Declaration of Trust”), the Fund intends to dissolve as of the first business day following the twelfth anniversary of the effective date of the Fund’s initial registration statement, which the Fund currently expects to occur on or about June 24, 2033 (the “Dissolution Date”); provided that the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the “Board” or “Board of Trustees,” and the members thereof, the “Trustees”) may, by a vote of a majority of the entire Board and seventy-five percent (75%) of the members of the Board who either (i) have been a member of the Board for a period of at least
thirty-six
months or (ii) were nominated to serve as a member of the Board by a majority of the Continuing Trustees (as defined herein) then members of the Board (a “Board Action Vote”), without shareholder approval, extend the Dissolution Date for up to two years (which date shall then become the Dissolution Date). In determining whether to extend the Dissolution Date, the Board may consider whatever factors it deems appropriate to its analysis including, among other factors, the inability to sell the Fund’s assets in a time frame consistent with dissolution due to lack of market liquidity or other extenuating circumstances. Additionally, the Board may determine that market conditions are such that it is reasonable to believe that, with an extension, the Fund’s remaining assets will appreciate and generate capital appreciation and income in an amount that, in the aggregate, is meaningful relative to the cost and expense of continuing the operation of the Fund. Each holder of
 
2

   Common Shares would be paid a pro rata portion of the Fund’s net assets upon dissolution of the Fund.
Investment Objectives and Strategies
   The Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek high current income. As a secondary investment objective, the Fund will seek capital appreciation. There can be no assurance the Fund will achieve its investment objectives. See “The Fund’s Investments.”
   The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objectives by investing, under normal market conditions, across fixed income sectors and securities in seeking to deliver a well-diversified portfolio. Western Asset will seek to dynamically rotate investments into sectors and securities that it believes to be undervalued from a fundamental perspective with an attractive return profile and away from investments that it believes to be overvalued. The Fund may invest in investment-grade and high-yield corporate debt securities, senior loans, agency and
non-agency
residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), government (
i.e.
, sovereign) debt (including U.S. government obligations), floating rate securities, bank loans, collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”), asset-backed securities (whose underlying asset classes include, but are not limited to, equipment leases, solar and student loans), private debt and mortgage whole loans.
  
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its Managed Assets in securities issued by CLOs, including up to 5% of its Managed Assets in equity securities issued by CLOs (i.e., subordinated, or residual tranches of CLO securities). “Managed Assets” means the net assets of the Fund plus the principal amount of any borrowings or preferred shares that may be outstanding, reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls or similar transactions. Although the Fund does not specifically target covenant lite loans, the Fund may invest in covenant lite loans if market conditions result in loans having fewer covenants. With respect to all of the securities in which the Fund may invest, the Fund may invest in securities rated below investment grade (that is, securities rated below the Baa/BBB categories, or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable credit quality by Western Asset). These below investment grade securities that comprise the Fund’s portfolio are commonly referred to as either “high yield” securities or “junk bonds.” The Fund may invest up to 25% of its Managed Assets in securities, including structured instruments such as RMBS and CMBS, rated CCC or below (or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable credit quality by Western Asset) at the time of investment. For this purpose, if a security is rated by multiple nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”) and receives different ratings, the Fund will treat the security as being rated in the highest rating category received from an NRSRO. The Fund may invest in foreign securities denominated either in U.S. dollars or foreign currencies. Under normal market circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 70% of its Managed Assets in U.S. securities and at least 80% of its Managed Assets in U.S. dollar-denominated investments. Investments in
non-U.S.
securities may include emerging market corporate, government and quasi-sovereign debt.
 
The Fund may not concentrate its investments in any one industry. For purposes of this fundamental policy,
non-agency
RMBS and
non-agency
CMBS are considered to represent separate industries; as such,
 
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the Fund may invest up to 25% of its Managed Assets in nonagency RMBS and, separately, up to 25% of its Managed Assets in
non-agency
CMBS.
 
The Fund may invest in securities of any maturity. The maturity of a fixed income security is a measure of the time remaining until the final payment on the security is due. The Fund may invest in securities of any duration. Duration is a measure the expected sensitivity of a security’s market price to changes in interest rates.
 
Western Asset has extensive experience analyzing the relative value of securities within various sectors of the mortgage markets, including undervalued distressed assets. Western Asset intends to seek to maximize returns on the Fund’s investments in distressed assets by evaluating market opportunities based on the condition of the various sectors of the mortgage markets, the relative value of the specific asset within such markets and an internal risk/return analysis. In making investment decisions on behalf of the Fund, Western Asset will incorporate its views on the economic environment and the outlook for the mortgage markets, including relative valuation, supply and demand trends, the level of interest rates, the shape of the yield curve, prepayment rates, financing and liquidity, commercial and residential real estate prices, delinquencies, default rates, recovery of various segments of the economy and vintage of collateral.
  
The Fund’s investment strategies and policies may be changed from time to time without shareholder approval, unless specifically stated otherwise in this Prospectus or the SAI. The percentage limitations stated in this prospectus apply at the time of the Fund’s acquisition of such an investment.
 
For a more complete discussion of the Fund’s investment strategy, see “The Fund’s Investments.”
Leverage
  
The Fund may use leverage through borrowings, including loans from certain financial institutions and/or the issuance of debt securities (collectively, “Borrowings”), and through the issuance of preferred shares of beneficial interest (“Preferred Shares”). The Fund may use leverage through Borrowings in an aggregate amount of up to approximately 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities (for these purposes, “total net assets”) immediately after such Borrowings. Furthermore, the Fund may use leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares in an aggregate amount of liquidation preference attributable to the Preferred Shares combined with the aggregate amount of any Borrowings of up to approximately 50% of the Fund’s total net assets immediately after such issuance. The Fund entered into a revolving credit agreement (the “BNYM Credit Agreement”) with The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNYM”). The BNYM Credit Agreement allows the Fund to borrow up to an aggregate amount of $385,000,000 and renews daily for a
179-day
term unless notice to the contrary is given to the Fund. At December 31, 2023, the Fund had $358,000,000 of borrowings outstanding per the BNYM Credit Agreement. In addition, the Fund may enter into additional reverse repurchase agreements and/or use similar investment management techniques that may provide leverage, subject to the requirements of Rule
18f-4
under the 1940 Act. Under Rule
18f-4(d),
the Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions in reliance on
 
4

  
the rule if the Fund either (i) complies with the asset coverage requirements of Section 18 of the 1940 Act, and combines the aggregate amount of indebtedness associated with all reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions with the aggregate amount of any other senior securities representing indebtedness when calculating its asset coverage ratio; or (ii) treats all reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions as derivatives transactions for all purposes under the rule. See “Leverage,” “Description of Shares—Preferred Shares” and “Risks—Risks Related to the Fund— Leverage Risk.”
 
The Fund currently uses leverage through Borrowings and as of November 29, 2024, 31.5% of the Fund’s gross assets were levered.
   The Fund may establish a standby credit facility as a temporary measure for purposes of making distributions to shareholders in order to maintain its favorable tax status as a regulated investment company. In addition, the Fund may borrow for temporary, emergency or other purposes as permitted under the 1940 Act. Any such indebtedness would be in addition to the leverage limit on Borrowings of up to 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total net assets.
   There can be no assurance that the Fund’s leverage strategy will be successful. The use of leverage creates special risks for Common Shareholders. See “Leverage” and “Risks—Risks Related to the Fund—Leverage Risk.”
Derivatives
   Generally, derivatives are financial contracts whose values depend upon, or are derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index, and may relate to individual debt or equity instruments, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates and related indexes. The Fund may invest in derivative instruments, such as options contracts, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, indexed securities, credit linked notes, credit default swaps and other swap agreements for investment, hedging and risk management purposes.
   Effective August 19, 2022, the Fund began operating under Rule
18f-4
under the 1940 Act which, among other things, governs the use of derivative investments and certain financing transactions (e.g., reverse repurchase agreements) by registered investment companies. Among other things, Rule
18f-4
requires funds that invest in derivative instruments beyond a specified limited amount to apply a value at risk (“VaR”) based limit to their use of certain derivative instruments and financing transactions and to adopt and implement a derivatives risk management program. Rule
18f-4
may limit the Fund’s ability to use derivatives as part of its investment strategy. Using derivatives also can have a leveraging effect and increase Fund volatility. See “Leverage” and “Risks—Risks Related to the Fund—Leverage Risk.”
Distributions
  
The Fund distributes its net investment income on a monthly basis and distributes annually any realized capital gains.
 
As of the date of this Prospectus, we have paid distributions to Common Shareholders every month since September 2021. We intend to continue to pay monthly distributions to our Common Shareholders.
 
5

   Payment of future distributions is subject to authorization by our Board of Trustees, as well as meeting the covenants under our outstanding notes and credit facility and the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act. See “Distributions.”
   Unless you elect to receive distributions in cash (
i.e.
, opt out), all of your distributions, including any capital gains distributions on your Common Shares, will be automatically reinvested in additional Common Shares under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. See “Distributions” and “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
   An affiliate of FTFA has received an exemptive order from the SEC under the 1940 Act facilitating the implementation of a managed distribution policy for certain funds for which it, or one of its affiliates, provides investment management services, including the Fund. The Fund does not intend to implement a managed distribution policy at this time; however, the Board of Trustees may, at the request of FTFA and Western Asset, adopt a managed distribution policy in the future. See “Distributions.”
   The Fund has elected to be treated, and intends to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), which generally relieves the Fund of any liability for federal income tax to the extent its earnings are distributed to shareholders. The Fund intends to distribute to its shareholders, at least annually, substantially all of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code, but determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss).
   The Fund reserves the right to change its distribution policy and the basis for establishing the rate of its monthly distributions at any time and may do so without prior notice to Common Shareholders.
Investment Manager
   FTFA is the Fund’s investment manager. FTFA, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, a global investment management organization operating as Franklin Templeton, is a registered investment adviser and provides administrative and management services to the Fund. In addition, FTFA performs administrative and management services necessary for the operation of the Fund, such as (1) supervising the overall administration of the Fund, including negotiation of contracts and fees with and the monitoring of performance and billings of the Fund’s transfer agent, shareholder servicing agents, custodian and other independent contractors or agents; (2) providing certain compliance, Fund accounting, regulatory reporting and tax reporting services; (3) preparing or participating in the preparation of Board materials, registration statements, proxy statements and reports and other communications to shareholders; (4) maintaining the Fund’s existence and (5) during such times as shares are publicly offered, maintaining the registration and qualification of the Fund’s shares under federal and state laws. As of September 30, 2024, FTFA’s total assets under management were approximately $182.9 billion. Franklin Templeton is a global asset management firm. As of October 31, 2024, Franklin
 
6

  
Templeton’s asset management operation had aggregate assets under management of over $1.6 trillion.
 
FTFA receives an annual fee, payable monthly, in an amount equal to 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily Managed Assets, which are the net assets of the Fund plus the principal amount of any borrowings or preferred shares that may be outstanding, reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls or similar transactions
   The Fund will pay all of its offering expenses. The Fund’s management fees and other expenses are borne by the Common Shareholders. See “Summary of Fund Expenses” and “Management of the Fund.”
Subadviser
   Western Asset and the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers provide
day-to-day
portfolio management of the Fund as subadvisers and undertake investment-related activities, including investment management, research and analysis, and securities settlement.
   As of September 30, 2024, Western Asset and its supervised affiliates had approximately $360.3 billion in assets under management.
   Western Asset receives an annual subadvisory fee, payable monthly, from FTFA in an amount equal to 70% of the management fee paid to FTFA. No fee will be paid by the Fund directly to Western Asset. See “Management of the Fund.”
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers
   In connection with Western Asset’s service to the Fund, each of Western Asset Management Company Limited in London (“Western Asset London”), Western Asset Management Company Pte. Ltd. in Singapore (“Western Asset Singapore”) and Western Asset Management Company Ltd in Japan (“Western Asset Japan”) provide certain subadvisory services to the Fund pursuant to subadvisory agreements with Western Asset (each a
“Non-U.S.
Subadvisory Agreement”). The
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers provide certain subadvisory services relating to currency transactions and investments in
non-U.S.
dollar-denominated securities and related foreign currency instruments. Western Asset London generally manages global and
non-U.S.
dollar fixed income mandates, Western Asset Japan generally manages Japanese fixed income mandates, and Western Asset Singapore generally manages Asian (other than Japan) fixed income mandates. Each office provides services relating to relevant portions of Western Asset’s broader portfolios as appropriate.
   Western Asset pays Western Asset Singapore, Western Asset Japan and Western Asset London a monthly subadvisory fee in an amount equal to 100% of the management fee paid to Western Asset on the assets that Western Asset allocates to each such
Non-U.S.
Subadviser to manage. See “Management of the Fund.”
Listing
   The Fund’s Common Shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the trading or “ticker” symbol “WDI.” The net asset value of our Common Shares at the close of business on
 
7

   November 29, 2024 was $15.49 per share, and the last sale price per Common Share on the NYSE on that date was $14.93.
Custodian and Transfer Agent
   The Bank of New York Mellon serves as custodian of the Fund’s assets. Computershare Inc. serves as the Fund’s transfer agent. See “Custodian and Transfer Agent.”
Special Principal Risk Considerations
   An investment in the Fund’s securities involves various principal risks. The following is a summary of certain of these risks. It is not complete and you should read and consider carefully the more complete list of risks described below under “Risks” before purchasing Common Shares in this offering.
  
Limited Term Risk
. Unless the limited term provision of the Fund’s Declaration of Trust is amended by shareholders in accordance with the Declaration of Trust, or unless the Fund completes an Eligible Tender Offer and converts to perpetual existence, the Fund will dissolve on or about the Dissolution Date. The Fund is not a so called “target date” or “life cycle” fund whose asset allocation becomes more conservative over time as its target date, often associated with retirement, approaches. In addition, the Fund is not a “target term” fund and thus does not seek to return its initial public offering price per Common Share upon dissolution. See “Risks—Limited Term Risk.”
  
Risks Related to the Fund
  
Investment and Market Risk.
An investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of the entire amount that you invest. An investment in our Common Shares is not intended to constitute a complete investment program and should not be viewed as such. The value of the Fund’s portfolio securities and other investments may move up or down, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. At any point in time, your securities may be worth less than your original investment. The Fund is primarily a long-term investment vehicle and should not be used for short-term trading.
 
Market Price Discount from Net Asset Value Risk.
Shares of
closed-end
investment companies frequently trade at a discount to their net asset value. This characteristic is a risk separate and distinct from the risk that the Fund’s net asset value could decrease as a result of the Fund’s investment activities and may be greater for investors expecting to sell their shares in a relatively short period following completion of any offering under this Prospectus. Although the value of the Fund’s net assets is generally considered by market participants in determining whether to purchase or sell shares, whether investors will realize gains or losses upon the sale of the Common Shares depends upon whether the market price of the Common Shares at the time of sale is above or below the investor’s purchase price for the Common Shares. Because the market price of the Common Shares is affected by factors such as net asset value, dividend or distribution levels (which are dependent, in part, on expenses), supply of and demand for the Common Shares, stability of distributions, trading volume of the Common Shares, general market and economic conditions, and other factors beyond our control, the Fund cannot predict whether the Common Shares will trade at, below or above net
 
8

  
asset value or at, below or above the offering price. The Fund is designed primarily for long-term investors and you should not view the Fund as a vehicle for trading purposes.
 
Portfolio Management Risk.
The value of your investment may decrease if Western Asset’s judgment about the quality, relative yield, value or market trends affecting a particular security, asset class, industry, sector or region, or about interest rates, is incorrect or does not produce the desired results, or if there are imperfections, errors or limitations in the models, tools and data used by Western Asset. For example, high yield bonds tend to be more susceptible to credit downgrades and may be difficult to value, and Western Asset’s judgment about the relative yield or value of a high yield security may be incorrect or subject to change. While Western Asset will seek to dynamically allocate the Fund’s portfolio to sectors and investments it considers undervalued and away from sectors and investments that it considers overvalued, there is no assurance that such allocation will produce the desired results. In addition, Western Asset’s allocation process may result in limited allocation between sectors and investments if, in the opinion of Western Asset, any such allocation would not produce the desired results given current market conditions. In addition, the Fund’s investment strategies or policies may change from time to time. Those changes may not lead to the results intended by Western Asset and could have an adverse effect on the value or performance of the Fund.
  
Market and Interest Rate Risk
.
The market prices of the Fund’s securities and assets may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably. If the market prices of the Fund’s investments fall, the value of your investment in the Fund will decline. The market price of an investment may fall due to general market conditions, such as real or perceived adverse economic or political conditions, tariffs and trade disruptions, inflation, changes in interest or currency rates, lack of liquidity in the bond markets or adverse investor sentiment. The market prices of securities and assets may fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. For example, when interest rates rise, the value of fixed income securities held by the Fund generally goes down, a risk that is particularly relevant given the historically low interest rate levels. Generally, the longer the maturity or duration of a fixed income security, the greater the impact of a rise in interest rates on the security’s market price. Also, when interest rates decline, investments made by the Fund may pay a lower interest rate, which would reduce the income received by the Fund.
  
Credit Risk
. If an issuer or guarantor of a security held by the Fund or a counterparty to a financial contract with the Fund defaults or its credit is downgraded, or is perceived to be less creditworthy, or if the value of the assets underlying a financial contract declines, the value of your investment will typically decline. The Fund could be delayed or hindered in its enforcement of rights against an issuer, guarantor or counterparty. Subordinated securities are more likely to suffer a credit loss than
non-subordinated
securities of the same issuer and will be disproportionately affected by a default, downgrade or perceived decline in creditworthiness.
 
9

  
High Yield (“Junk”) Bonds Risk
. High yield bonds are generally subject to greater credit risks than higher-grade bonds, including the risk of default on the payment of interest or principal. High yield bonds are considered speculative, typically have lower liquidity and are more difficult to value than higher grade bonds. High yield bonds tend to be volatile and more susceptible to adverse events, credit downgrades and negative sentiments and may be difficult to sell at a desired price, or at all, during periods of uncertainty or market turmoil.
 
Mortgage-Backed and Asset-Backed Securities Risk
. When market interest rates increase, the market values of mortgage-backed securities decline. At the same time, mortgage
re-financings
and prepayments slow, which lengthens the effective duration of these securities. As a result, the negative effect of the interest rate increase on the market value of mortgage-backed securities is usually more pronounced than it is for other types of fixed income securities, potentially increasing the volatility of the Fund. Conversely, when market interest rates decline, while the value of mortgage-backed securities may increase, the rate of prepayment of the underlying mortgages also tends to increase, which shortens the effective duration of these securities. Mortgage-backed securities are also subject to the risk that underlying borrowers will be unable to meet their obligations and the value of property that secures the mortgage may decline in value and be insufficient, upon foreclosure, to repay the associated loan. Investments in asset-backed securities are subject to similar risks.
 
Credit Risk Associated with Originators and Servicers of Residential and Commercial Mortgage Loans
. A number of originators and servicers of residential and commercial mortgage loans, including some of the largest originators and servicers in the residential and commercial mortgage loan market, have experienced serious financial difficulties, including some that are now subject to federal insolvency proceedings. These difficulties have resulted from many factors, including increased competition among originators for borrowers, decreased originations by such originators of mortgage loans and increased delinquencies and defaults on such mortgage loans, as well as from increases in claims for repurchases of mortgage loans previously sold by them under agreements that require repurchase in the event of breaches of representations regarding loan quality and characteristics. Furthermore, the inability of the originator to repurchase such mortgage loans in the event of loan representation breaches or the servicer to repurchase such mortgage loans upon a breach of its servicing obligations also may affect the performance of related
non-agency
RMBS. Many of these originators and servicers are very highly leveraged. These difficulties may also increase the chances that these entities may default on their warehousing or other credit lines or become insolvent or bankrupt thereby increasing both the likelihood that repurchase obligations will not be fulfilled and the potential for loss to holders of
non
-agency
RMBS and subordinated security holders.
 
Subprime Mortgage Market Risk
. The residential mortgage market in the United States in the past has experienced difficulties that, should similar conditions occur in the future, may adversely affect the performance and market value of certain mortgages and mortgage-related securities. Delinquencies and losses on residential mortgage
 
10

  
loans (especially subprime and second-line mortgage loans) may increase, and a decline in or flattening of housing values may exacerbate such delinquencies and losses. Borrowers with adjustable rate mortgage loans are more sensitive to changes in interest rates, which affect their monthly mortgage payments, and may be unable to secure replacement mortgages at comparably low interest rates. Any significant reduction in investor demand for mortgage loans and mortgage-related securities or increase in investor yield requirements may cause limited liquidity in the secondary market for mortgage-related securities, which could adversely affect the market value of mortgage-related securities. If the economy of the United States were to deteriorate, the incidence of mortgage foreclosures, especially subprime mortgages, could increase, which may adversely affect the value of any RMBS owned by the Fund.
 
Derivatives Risk
. Using derivatives can increase Fund losses and reduce opportunities for gains when market prices, interest rates, currencies, or the derivatives themselves behave in a way not anticipated by the Fund. Using derivatives also can have a leveraging effect and increase Fund volatility. Certain derivatives have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. Derivatives may not be available at the time or price desired, may be difficult to sell, unwind or value, and the counterparty may default on its obligations to the Fund. Derivatives are generally subject to the risks applicable to the assets, rates, indices or other indicators underlying the derivative and the credit risk of the counterparty to the derivative transaction. The value of a derivative may fluctuate more than the underlying assets, rates, indices or other indicators to which it relates. Use of derivatives may have different tax consequences for the Fund than an investment in the underlying asset or index, and those differences may affect the amount, timing and character of income distributed to shareholders. The U.S. government and foreign governments and their respective financial regulators are in the process of adopting and implementing regulations governing derivatives markets, including mandatory clearing of certain derivatives, margin and reporting requirements, among others. The ultimate impact of the regulations remains unclear. Additional regulation of derivatives may make derivatives more costly, limit their availability or utility, otherwise adversely affect their performance or disrupt markets.
 
•  Risks associated with the use of futures contracts include: (a) the imperfect correlation between the change in market value of the instruments held by the Fund and the price of the futures contract; (b) the possible lack of a liquid secondary market for a futures contract and the resulting inability to close a futures contract when desired; (c) the inability to replace an expiring futures contract with an equivalent futures contract that has a later expiration at the desired time and price; (d) losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited; (e) Western Asset’s inability to predict correctly the direction of asset prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates, the levels of indices or other indicators and other economic factors; and (f) the possibility that the counterparty will default in the performance of its obligations.
 
11

  
•  When the Fund purchases an option, it may lose the total premium paid for it if the price of the underlying security or other assets decreased, remained the same or failed to increase to a level at or beyond the exercise price (in the case of a call option) or increased, remained the same or failed to decrease to a level at or below the exercise price (in the case of a put option). If a put or call option purchased by the Fund were permitted to expire without being sold or exercised, its premium would represent a loss to the Fund. To the extent that the Fund writes or sells an option, in particular a naked option, if the decline or increase in the underlying asset is significantly below or above the exercise price of the written option, the Fund could experience a substantial loss. For the writer of a naked or uncovered call option, the potential loss is unlimited.
•  Successful use of forward currency contracts depends on the portfolio manager’s skill in analyzing and predicting currency values, among other factors. Forward currency contracts may substantially change the Fund’s exposure to changes in currency exchange rates and could result in losses to the Fund if currencies do not perform as the portfolio manager anticipates. There is no assurance that the portfolio manager’s use of forward currency contracts will be advantageous to the Fund or that the portfolio manager will hedge at an appropriate time.
•  Warrants are subject similar market risks as stocks, but may be more volatile in price. An investment in warrants may be considered speculative. In addition, the value of a warrant does not necessarily commensurately with the value of the underlying securities and a warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to its expiration date.
•  Swap agreements used for hedging purposes may shift the Fund’s investment exposure from one type of investment to another. For example, if an interest rate swap intended to be used as a hedge negates a favorable interest rate movement, the investment performance of the Fund would be worse than what it would have been if the Fund had not entered into the interest rate swap.
•  Swap agreements involve heightened risks and may result in losses to the Fund. Swaps may be illiquid and difficult to value, and may increase the aggregate market and credit risk to the Fund. For example, when the Fund sells credit protection on a debt security via a credit default swap, credit risk increases since the Fund has exposure to the issuer whose credit is the subject of the swap, the counterparty to the swap, and in certain circumstances, the custodian of swap collateral.
 
Effective August 19, 2022, the Fund began operating under Rule
18f-4
under the 1940 Act which, among other things, governs the use of derivative investments and certain financing transactions (e.g. reverse repurchase agreements) by registered investment companies. Among other things, Rule
18f-4
requires funds that invest in derivative instruments beyond a specified limited amount to apply a value at risk (VaR) based limit to their use of certain derivative instruments and financing transactions and to adopt and implement a derivatives risk
 
12

  
management program. A fund that uses derivative instruments in a limited amount is not subject to the full requirements of Rule
18f-4.
Compliance with Rule
18f-4
by the Fund could, among other things, make derivatives more costly, limit their availability or utility, or otherwise adversely affect their performance. Rule
18f-4
may limit the Fund’s ability to use derivatives as part of its investment strategy.
 
Investment in Loans Risk
.
Investments in loans are generally subject to the same risks as investments in other types of debt obligations, including, among others, credit risk and interest rate risk, which are discussed above, and prepayment risk and extension risk, which are discussed below. In addition, in many cases loans are subject to the risks associated with below-investment grade securities. This means loans are often subject to significant credit risks, including a greater possibility that the borrower will be adversely affected by changes in market or economic conditions and may default or enter bankruptcy. This risk of default will increase in the event of an economic downturn or a substantial increase in interest rates (which will increase the cost of the borrower’s debt service). Transactions in loans may settle on a delayed basis. As a result, the proceeds from the sale of a loan may not be available to make additional investments. The Fund considers “junior loans” to be loans that have a junior position in an issuer’s capital structure. Because junior loans are unsecured and subordinated and thus lower in priority of payment to senior loans, they are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations of the borrower. There are no limitations on the Fund’s investments in junior loans. Bank loans may not be considered securities and therefore, the Fund may not have the protections afforded by U.S. federal securities laws with respect to such investments.
 
CLOs Risk
. CLOs issue securities in tranches with different payment characteristics and different credit ratings. The rated tranches of securities issued by CLOs are generally assigned credit ratings by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations. The subordinated (or residual) tranches do not receive ratings. Below investment grade tranches of CLO securities typically experience a lower recovery rate and greater risk of loss or deferral or
non-payment
of interest than more senior tranches of the CLO. The riskiest portion of the capital structure of a CLO is the subordinated (or residual) tranche, which bears the bulk of defaults from the loans in the CLO and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CLO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than the underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the subordinated tranche, CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults and aversion to CLO securities as a class. The risks of an investment in a CLO depend largely on the collateral and the tranche of the CLO in which the Fund invests.
 
Covenant Lite Loans Risk
.
Covenant lite loans contain fewer maintenance covenants, or no maintenance covenants at all, than
 
13

  
traditional loans and may not include terms that allow the lender to monitor the financial performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. This may expose the Fund to greater credit risk associated with the borrower and reduce the Fund’s ability to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. As a result, the Fund’s exposure to losses on such investments may be increased, especially during a downturn in the credit cycle.
 
Fixed Income Securities Risk
. In addition to the risks described elsewhere with respect to valuations and liquidity, fixed income securities, including high yield securities, are also subject to certain risks, including:
 
•  
Issuer Risk:
The value of fixed income securities may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods and services.
•  
Reinvestment Risk:
Reinvestment risk is the risk that income from the Fund’s portfolio will decline if and when the Fund invests the proceeds from matured, traded or called fixed income securities at market interest rates that are below the portfolio’s current earnings rate. A decline in income could affect the market price of the Fund’s Common Shares or its overall return.
 
Leverage Risk.
The Fund’s use of leverage will magnify investment, market and certain other risks. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for holders of the Common Shares including: the likelihood of greater volatility of net asset value and market price of the Common Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage; the risk that fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings and short-term debt or in the dividend rates on any Preferred Shares that the Fund may pay will reduce the return to Common Shareholders or will result in fluctuations in the dividends paid on the Common Shares; the effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the net asset value of the Common Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged, which may result in a greater decline in the market price of the Common Shares; and when the Fund uses leverage, the investment advisory fee payable by the Fund to FTFA (and by FTFA to Western Asset) will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage.
 
The use of borrowing, reverse repurchase agreements and derivatives, as well as the issuance of Preferred Shares, creates leverage (
i.e.
, a fund’s investment exposures exceed its net asset value). Leverage increases a fund’s losses when the value of its investments (including derivatives) declines. Because many derivatives have a leverage component (
i.e.
, a notional value in excess of the assets needed to establish or maintain the derivative position), adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, rate, or index may result in a loss substantially greater than the amount required to establish the derivative position.
 
Illiquidity Risk
. Some assets held by the Fund may be impossible or difficult to sell and some assets that the Fund wants to invest in may be impossible or difficult to purchase, particularly during times of market turmoil or due to adverse changes in the conditions of a particular
 
14

  
issuer. These illiquid assets may also be difficult to value. Markets may become illiquid when, for instance, there are few, if any, interested buyers or sellers or when dealers are unwilling or unable to make a market for certain securities. As a general matter, dealers recently have been less willing to make markets for fixed income securities.
 
Foreign Investment and Emerging Markets Risk.
The Fund’s investments in securities of foreign issuers or issuers with significant exposure to foreign markets involve additional risk as compared to investments in U.S. securities or issuers with predominantly domestic exposure, such as less liquid, less transparent, less regulated and more volatile markets. The value of the Fund’s investments may decline because of factors affecting the particular issuer as well as foreign markets and issuers generally, such as unfavorable or unsuccessful government actions, reduction of government or central bank support, inadequate accounting standards, lack of information and political, economic, financial or social instability. To the extent the Fund focuses its investments in a single country or only a few countries in a particular geographic region, economic, political, regulatory or other conditions affecting such country or region may have a greater impact on Fund performance relative to a more geographically diversified Fund.
 
The risks of foreign investments are heightened when investing in issuers in emerging market countries. Emerging market countries tend to have economic, political and legal systems that are less developed and are less stable than those of more developed countries. Less developed markets are more likely to experience problems with the clearing and settling of trades and the holding of securities by banks, agents and depositories. Low trading volumes may result in a lack of liquidity and in extreme price volatility.
 
Foreign Currency Risk
.
The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies increases or decreases as the rates of exchange between those currencies and the U.S. dollar change. Currency conversion costs and currency fluctuations could erase investment gains or add to investment losses. Currency exchange rates can be volatile, and are affected by factors such as general economic conditions, the actions of the U.S. and foreign governments or central banks, the imposition of currency controls and speculation. The Fund may be unable or may choose not to hedge its foreign currency exposure.
 
Prepayment or Call Risk
.
Many issuers have a right to prepay their fixed income securities. Issuers may be more likely to prepay their securities if interest rates fall. If this happens, the Fund would not benefit from the rise in the market price of the securities that normally accompanies a decline in interest rates, and would be forced to reinvest prepayment proceeds at a time when yields on securities available in the market are lower than the yield on prepaid securities. The Fund may also lose any premium it paid to purchase the securities.
 
Extension Risk.
When interest rates rise, repayments of fixed income securities, particularly asset- and mortgage- backed securities, may occur more slowly than anticipated, extending the effective duration of
 
15

  
these fixed income securities at below market interest rates and causing their market prices to decline more than they would have declined due to the rise in interest rates alone. This may cause the Fund’s share price to be more volatile.
 
Valuation Risk
. The sales price the Fund could receive for any particular portfolio investment may differ from the Fund’s valuation of the investment, particularly for securities that trade in thin or volatile markets or that are valued using a fair value methodology.
 
The Fund’s ability to value its investments may be impacted by technological issues and/or errors by pricing services or other third party service providers. The valuation of the Fund’s investments involves subjective judgment.
 
Market Events Risk
. The market values of securities or other assets will fluctuate, sometimes sharply and unpredictably, due to factors such as economic events, governmental actions or intervention, actions taken by the U.S. Federal Reserve or foreign central banks, market disruptions caused by trade disputes or other factors, political developments, armed conflicts, economic sanctions and countermeasures in response to sanctions, major cybersecurity events, the global and domestic effects of widespread or local health, weather or climate events, and other factors that may or may not be related to the issuer of the security or other asset. Economies and financial markets throughout the world are increasingly interconnected. Economic, financial or political events, trading and tariff arrangements, public health events, terrorism, wars, natural disasters and other circumstances in one country or region could have profound impacts on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries or markets directly affected, the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments may be negatively affected.
 
Raising the ceiling on U.S. government debt has become increasingly politicized. Any failure to increase the total amount that the U.S. government is authorized to borrow could lead to a default on U.S. government obligations, with unpredictable consequences for economies and markets in the U.S. and elsewhere. Recently, inflation and interest rates have increased and may rise further. These circumstances could adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments, impair the Fund’s ability to satisfy redemption requests, and negatively impact the Fund’s performance.
 
The United States and other countries are periodically involved in disputes over trade and other matters, which may result in tariffs, investment restrictions and adverse impacts on affected companies and securities. For example, the United States has imposed tariffs and other trade barriers on Chinese exports, has restricted sales of certain categories of goods to China, and has established barriers to investments in China. Trade disputes may adversely affect the economies of the United States and its trading partners, as well as companies directly or indirectly affected and financial markets generally. The United States government has prohibited U.S. persons from investing in Chinese companies designated as related to the Chinese military. These and possible future restrictions could limit the
 
16

  
Fund’s opportunities for investment and require the sale of securities at a loss or make them illiquid. Moreover, the Chinese government is involved in a longstanding dispute with Taiwan that has included threats of invasion. If the political climate between the United States and China does not improve or continues to deteriorate, if China were to attempt unification of Taiwan by force, or if other geopolitical conflicts develop or get worse, economies, markets and individual securities may be severely affected both regionally and globally, and the value of the Fund’s assets may go down.
 
Cybersecurity Risk
. Like other funds and business enterprises, the fund, the manager, the subadvisers and their service providers are subject to the risk of cyber incidents occurring from time to time. Cybersecurity incidents, both intentional and unintentional, may allow an unauthorized party to gain access to Fund assets, Fund or proprietary information, cause the Fund, Western Asset, the
Sub-Advisers
and/or their service providers to suffer data breaches, data corruption or loss of operational functionality or prevent fund investors from purchasing, redeeming or exchanging shares or receiving distributions. The Fund, Western Asset, and the
Sub-Advisers
have limited ability to prevent or mitigate cybersecurity incidents affecting third party service providers, and such third-party service providers may have limited indemnification obligations to the fund or the manager. Cybersecurity incidents may result in financial losses to the fund and its shareholders, and substantial costs may be incurred in an effort to prevent or mitigate future cybersecurity incidents. Issuers of securities in which the fund invests are also subject to cybersecurity risks, and the value of these securities could decline if the issuers experience cybersecurity incidents.
 
Portfolio Turnover Risk
.
 The Fund’s annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly from year to year, as well as within a given year. Portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the execution of investment decisions for the Fund. A higher portfolio turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by the Fund. High portfolio turnover may result in an increased realization of net short-term capital gains by the Fund which, when distributed to Common Shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. Additionally, in a declining market, portfolio turnover may create realized capital losses.
 
Operational risk
. The valuation of the Fund’s investments may be negatively impacted because of the operational risks arising from factors such as processing errors and human errors, inadequate or failed internal or external processes, failures in systems and technology, changes in personnel, and errors caused by third party service providers or trading counterparties. It is not possible to identify all of the operational risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls that completely eliminate or mitigate the occurrence of such failures. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.
 
Anti-Takeover Provisions Risk
. The Fund’s Declaration of Trust and Bylaws of the Fund include provisions that are designed to limit the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund for short-term objectives, including by converting the Fund to open-
 
17

  
end status or changing the composition of the Board, that may be detrimental to the Fund’s ability to achieve its primary investment objective of seeking high current income. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Fund shall be subject to the provisions of the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act (“MCSAA”). There can be no assurance, however, that such provisions will be sufficient to deter professional arbitrageurs that seek to cause the Fund to take actions that may not be consistent with its investment objective or aligned with the interests of long-term shareholders, such as liquidating debt investments prior to maturity, triggering taxable events for shareholders and decreasing the size of the Fund. See “Certain Provisions in the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws” and “Certain Provisions in the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws—Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act.” (“MCSAA”). Such provisions may limit the ability of shareholders to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging an investor from seeking to obtain control of the Fund.
 
Additional Risks
. For additional risks relating to investments in the Fund, including “Foreign Custody and Settlement Risk,” “London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) Risk,” “Risk of Increases in Expenses,” “Risk in Investing in Related or Fewer Issuers,” “Valuation Risk,” “Cash Management and Defensive Investing Risk,” “Mortgage Dollars Risk,” “Investment in Other Investment Companies Risk,” “Operational Risk,” “Distressed Investments Risk,” “Credit Risk Associated With Investments in Mortgage Whole Loans,” “Servicing-Related Risks of Mortgage Whole Loans,” “Prepayment Risk Associated With Investments in Mortgage Whole Loans,” “Geographic Concentration Risk Associated with Residential and Commercial Whole Loans,” “Other Risks Associated with Mortgage Whole Loans,” “Repurchase Agreements Risk,” “Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk,” “Government Intervention in Financial Markets Risk,” “Risks Related to Fund Distributions,” “Tax Risks,” “Legal and Regulatory Risk,” “Risks Related to Potential Conflicts of Interest” and “Management Risk and Reliance on Key Personnel” please see “Risks” beginning on page 39 of this Prospectus.
 
18

Summary of Fund Expenses
The purpose of the following table and example is to help you understand all fees and expenses holders of Common Shares would bear directly or indirectly. The table below is based on the capital structure of the Fund as of December 31, 2023 (except as noted below) and assumes the issuance of $350 million of additional shares of Common Stock.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES
 
Sales Load (percentage of offering price)
     %
(1)
 
Offering Expenses Borne by the Fund (percentage of offering price)
     %
(2)
 
Dividend Reinvestment Plan Per Transaction Fee to Sell Shares Obtained Pursuant to the Plan
   $ 5.00
(3)
 
 TOTAL TRANSACTION EXPENSES (as a percentage of offering price)
(4)
 
    
Percentage of
Net Assets
Attributable to
Common
Shares
(Assumes
Leverage
is Used)
 
ANNUAL EXPENSES
  
Management Fees
(5)
     1.63%  
Interest Payment on Borrowed Funds
(6)
     2.98%  
Other Expenses
(7)
     0.14%  
  
 
 
 
TOTAL ANNUAL EXPENSES
  
 
4.75%
 
  
 
 
 
 
(1)
The sales load will apply only if the securities to which this Prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters. In such case, a corresponding Prospectus Supplement will disclose the applicable sales
load.
(2)
The related Prospectus Supplement will disclose the estimated amount of offering expenses, the offering price and the offering expenses borne by the Fund as a percentage of the offering price.
(3)
Common Shareholders will pay brokerage charges if they direct the Plan Agent (defined below) to sell Common Shares held in a dividend reinvestment account. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.” There are no fees charged to shareholders for participating in the Fund’s dividend reinvestment
plan.
However, shareholders participating in the plan that elect to sell their shares obtained pursuant to the plan would pay $5.00 per transaction to sell shares.
(4)
The related Prospectus Supplement will disclose the offering price and the total shareholder transaction expenses as a percentage of the offering price.
(5)
The Manager receives an annual fee, payable monthly, in an amount equal to 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily Managed Assets. “Managed Assets” means net assets plus the amount of any outstanding borrowings used for leverage and assets attributable to any preferred shares that may be outstanding. If the Fund were to use leverage, the amount of management fees paid to the FTFA will be higher than if the Fund does not use leverage because the fees paid are calculated on the Funds Managed Assets.
(6)
The Fund enters into reverse repurchase agreements. The expenses and rates associated with leverage may vary as and when Borrowings or issuances of Preferred Shares are made. “Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds” reflects an annualized interest charge based on the interest rate and borrowings in effect on December 31, 2023.
(7)
Expenses based on amounts incurred in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
Example
1
The following example illustrates the hypothetical expenses that you would pay on a $1,000
investment
in Common Shares, assuming (i) “Total Annual Expenses” of 4.75% of net assets attributable to Common Shares (which assumes the Fund’s use of leverage in an aggregate amount equal to 32.5% of the Fund’s Managed Assets) and (ii) a 5% annual return:
 
   1 Year   
  
   3 Years   
  
   5 Years   
  
   10 Years   
$   48    $   144    $   240    $   482
 
1
 
The example above should not be considered a representation of future expenses. Actual expenses may be higher or lower than those shown.
The example assumes that all dividends and distributions are reinvested at net asset value. Actual expenses may be greater or less than those assumed. Moreover, the Fund’s actual rate of return may be greater or less than the hypothetical 5% return shown in the example.
 
19

Financial Highlights
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance. Unless otherwise noted, the information in this table has been derived from and should be read in conjunction with the Fund’s financial statements and the notes thereto. The financial information for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”), the independent registered accounting firm of the Fund. PwC’s report on such financial statements, including the financial highlights for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, together with the financial statements of the Fund, is contained in the Fund’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 and is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and the SAI.
For a common share outstanding throughout each year ended December 31, unless otherwise noted:
 
    
 2024
(1), (2)
    
 2023
(1)
    
 2022
(1)
    
 2021
(1),(3)
 
Net asset value, beginning of period
     $15.54        $  14.74        $19.65        $20.00  
Income (loss) from operations:
           
Net investment income
     0.89        1.73        1.59        0.58  
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)
     (0.10)        0.68        (5.05)        (0.34)  
Total income from operations
  
 
0.79
 
  
 
2.41
 
  
 
(3.46)
 
  
 
0.24
 
Less distributions from:
           
Net investment income
  
 
(0.87)
(4)
 
     (1.61)        (1.45)        (0.59)  
Total distributions
  
 
(0.87)
 
  
 
(1.61)
 
  
 
(1.45)
 
  
 
(0.59)
 
Net asset value, end of period
     $15.46        $  15.54        $14.74        $19.65  
Market price, end of period
     $14.41        $  14.10        $12.70        $18.31  
Total return, based on NAV
(4)(5)
  
 
5.12%
 
  
 
17.32%
 
  
 
(18.07)%
 
  
 
1.19%
 
Total return, based on Market Price
(6)
  
 
8.50%
 
  
 
24.97%
 
  
 
(23.44)%
 
  
 
(5.62%)
 
Net assets, end of period (millions)
     $800        $    805        $   763        $  1,018  
Ratios to average net assets:
           
Gross expenses
  
 
4.66%
(8)
 
     4.79%        2.98%     
 
1.82%
(8)
 
Net expenses
(7)
(8)
  
 
4.66
(8)
 
     4.79        2.98     
 
1.82
(8)
 
Net investment income
  
 
11.47
(8)
 
     11.46        9.48     
 
5.57
(8)
 
Portfolio turnover rate
  
 
20%
 
  
 
35%
 
  
 
42%
 
  
 
19%
 
Supplemental data:
           
Loan Outstanding, End of Period (000s)
     $358,000        $358,000        $358,000        $370,000  
Asset Coverage Ratio for Loan Outstanding
(10)
     324%        325%        313%        375%  
Asset Coverage, per $1,000 Principal Amount of Loan Outstanding
(10)
     $3,236        $3,248        $3,133        $3,751  
Weighted Average Loan (000s)
     $358,000        $358,000        $370,288        $314,938  
Weighted Average Interest Rate on Loan
     6.32%        6.11%        2.71%        1.13%  
 
 
  (1)
Per share amounts have been calculated using the average shares method.
 
  (2)
For the six months ended June 30, 2024 (unaudited).
 
  (3)
For the period June 25, 2021 (commencement of operations) to December 31, 2021.
 
  (4)
The actual source of the Fund’s current fiscal year distributions may be from net investment income, realized capital gains, return of capital or a combination thereof. Shareholders will be informed of the tax characteristics of the distributions after the close of the fiscal year.
 
  (5)
Performance figures may reflect compensating balance arrangements, fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements. In the absence of compensating balance arrangements, fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements, the total return would have been lower. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Total returns for periods of less than one year are not annualized.
 
  (6)
The total return calculation assumes that distributions are reinvested at NAV. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Total returns for periods of less than one year are not annualized.
 
  (7)
The total return calculation assumes that distributions are reinvested in accordance with the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Total returns for periods of less than one year are not annualized.
 
  (8)
Annualized.
 
  (9)
Reflects fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements.
 
  (10)
The manager has agreed to waive the Fund’s management fee to an extent sufficient to offset the net management fee payable in connection with any investment in an affiliated money market fund.
 
  (11)
Represents value of net assets plus the loan outstanding at the end of the period divided by the loan outstanding at the end of the period.
 
20

Senior
Securities
The table below sets forth the senior securities outstanding as of the end of the Fund’s fiscal years or periods ended 2021, 2022 and 2023. The senior securities information for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 have been audited by PwC.
 
  Year  
  
Name Of Loan
  
Total

Amount

   Outstanding (in   
thousands)
  
Asset

Coverage

   Per $1,000 Of   

Indebtedness
  
Average
   Market Value   
Per Unit
*
2021    Revolving Credit Facility    $370,000    $3,751    N/A
2022    Revolving Credit Facility    $358,000    $3,133    N/A
2023    Revolving Credit Facility    $358,000    $3,248    N/A
 
*
Not applicable, as these senior securities were not registered for public trading.
 
21

The Fund
The Fund is a diversified,
closed-end
management investment company registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund was organized as a Maryland statutory trust on July 27, 2020, pursuant to a Certificate of Trust, governed by the laws of the State of Maryland. The Fund’s principal executive office is located at 620 Eighth Avenue, 47th Floor, New York, New York 10018, and its telephone number is (888)
777-0102.
 
22

Use of Proceeds
Unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement, the Fund intends to invest the net proceeds of any offering of its securities in accordance with its investment objective and policies as stated herein. It is currently anticipated that the Fund will be able to invest substantially all of the net proceeds in accordance with its investment objective and policies within three months after the completion of any offering.
Market and Net Asset Value Information
The Fund’s currently outstanding Common Shares are listed on the NYSE under the symbol “WDI.” Our Common Shares commenced trading on the NYSE on June 24, 2021.
Our Common Shares have traded both at a premium and at a discount in relation to the Fund’s net asset value per share. Although our Common Shares have traded at a premium to net asset value, we cannot assure that this will occur after any offering or that the Common Shares will not trade at a discount in the future. Our issuance of additional Common Shares may have an adverse effect on prices in the secondary market for our Common Shares by increasing the number of Common Shares available, which may create downward pressure on the market price for our Common Shares. Shares of
closed-end
investment companies frequently trade at a discount to net asset value. See “Risks—Market Price Discount from Net Asset Value Risk.”
The following table sets forth for each of the periods indicated the range of high and low closing sale price of our Common Shares and the
quarter-end
sale price, each as reported on the NYSE, the net asset value per Common Share and the premium or discount to net asset value per share at which our shares were trading. Net asset value is generally determined on each business day that the NYSE is open for business. See “Net Asset Value” for information as to the determination of our net asset value.
 
         
Price Range
             
    
  NAV
(1)
  
  
  High  
  
  Low  
  
Premium of

High Sales

Price to

NAV
    
Premium of

Low Sales

Price to

NAV
 
Year Ending December 31, 2024
              
Third Quarter
   $15.71    $15.73    $14.48      0.13%        -7.83%  
Second Quarter
   $15.45    $14.82    $13.82      -4.08%        -10.55%  
First Quarter
   $15.70    $14.69    $14.01      -6.43%        -10.76%  
Year Ending December 31, 2023
              
Fourth Quarter
   $15.54    $14.17    $12.24      -8.82%        -21.24%  
Third Quarter
   $14.90    $13.97    $13.11      -6.24%        -12.01%  
Second Quarter
   $15.10    $13.66    $12.85      -9.54%        -14.90%  
First Quarter
   $15.09    $14.41    $12.86      -4.51%        -14.78%  
Year Ending December 31, 2022
              
Fourth Quarter
   $14.74    $13.81    $12.33      -6.31%        -16.35%  
Third Quarter
   $14.86    $15.00    $12.58      0.94%        -15.34%  
Second Quarter
   $15.49    $16.60    $13.58      7.17%        -12.33%  
First Quarter
   $18.49    $18.93    $15.58      2.38%        -15.74%  
Year Ending December 31, 2021
              
Fourth Quarter
   $19.65    $19.90    $18.12      1.27%        -7.79%  
Third Quarter
   $19.94    $20.33    $19.22      1.96%        -3.61%  
Second Quarter
   $19.98    $20.14    $20.01      0.80%        0.15%  
 
Source of market prices: NYSE
(1)
Net asset value per share is determined as of close of business on the last day of the relevant quarter and therefore may not reflect the net asset value per share on the date of the high and low closing sales prices, which may or may not fall on the last day of the quarter. Net asset value per share is calculated as described in “Net Asset Value.”
On November 29, 2024, the last reported sale price of our Common Shares on the NYSE was $14.93, which represented a discount of approximately 3.6% to the net asset value per share reported by us on that date.
 
23

As of November 29, 2024, we had approximately 51.8 million of Common Shares outstanding and we
had
net assets applicable to Common Shareholders of approximately $802.2 million.
 
24

The Fund’s Investments
Investment Objectives
The Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek high current income. As a secondary investment objective, the Fund will seek capital appreciation. There can be no assurance that the Fund’s investment objectives will be achieved or that the Fund’s investment program will be successful. The Fund’s investment objectives are
non-fundamental
and may be changed by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval and on prior notice to shareholders.
This section provides additional information about the Fund’s investments and certain portfolio management techniques the Fund may use. More information about the Fund’s investments and portfolio management techniques and the associated risks is included in the SAI.
Investment Policies
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest across fixed income sectors and securities in seeking to deliver a well-diversified portfolio. Western Asset’s investment process utilizes cross-sector correlations designed to seek optimized return potential and diversification benefit within the portfolio. In managing the portfolio, Western Asset will employ its
top-down
macro view to drive decisions on value, credit sectors, credit quality and duration, and its deep research experience
and bottom-up analysis
to make sector and security selections. The Fund’s duration and mix of fixed and floating rate investments is subject to change over time. As market conditions change, Western Asset will seek to dynamically rotate investments into sectors and securities that it believes to be undervalued from a fundamental perspective with an attractive return profile and away from investments that it believes to be overvalued. The Fund will provide exposure to residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), both agency and
non-agency,
consistent with its investment policies.
The Fund may invest in investment grade and below investment grade corporate debt securities (commonly referred to as either “high yield” securities or “junk bonds”), senior loans, agency
and non-agency RMBS
and CMBS, government (
i.e.
, sovereign) debt (including U.S. government obligations), floating rate securities, bank loans, CLOs, asset-backed securities (whose underlying asset classes include, but are not limited to, equipment leases, solar and student loans), private debt and mortgage whole loans. Under normal market circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 70% of its Managed Assets in U.S. securities and at least 80% of its Managed Assets in U.S. dollar-denominated investments. Investments
in non-U.S. securities
may include emerging market corporate, government and quasi-sovereign debt. The Fund may invest up to 25% of its Managed Assets in securities, including structured instruments such as mortgage-backed securities and commercial mortgage backed securities, rated CCC or below (or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable credit quality by Western Asset) at the time of investment. For this purpose, if a security is rated by multiple nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”) and receives different ratings, the Fund will treat the security as being rated in the highest rating category received from an NRSRO. The Fund may invest up to 15% of its Managed Assets in securities issued by CLOs, including up to 5% of its Managed Assets in equity securities issued by CLOs (
i.e.
, subordinated or residual tranches of CLO securities). Although the Fund does not specifically target covenant lite loans, the Fund may invest in covenant lite loans if market conditions result in loans having fewer covenants.
The Fund may not concentrate its investments in any one industry. For purposes of this fundamental policy,
non-agency
RMBS and
non-agency
CMBS are considered to represent separate industries; as such, the Fund may invest up to 25% of its Managed Assets in
non-agency
RMBS and, separately, up to 25% of its Managed Assets in
non-agency
CMBS. There can be no assurance that regulatory interpretations of concentration will not change in the future.
Maturity and Duration
The Fund may invest in securities of any maturity. The maturity of a fixed income security is a measure of the time remaining until the final payment on the security is due. The Fund may invest in securities of any duration. Duration is a measure the expected sensitivity of a security’s market price to changes in interest rates.
 
25

Credit Quality
The Fund may invest without limit in debt securities and related investments rated below investment grade (that is, securities rated below the Baa/BBB categories or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable credit quality by Western Asset). These securities rated below investment grade that comprise the Fund’s portfolio are commonly referred to as either “high yield” securities or “junk bonds.” The Fund may invest up to 25% of its Managed Assets in securities, including structured instruments such as mortgage backed securities and commercial mortgage backed securities, rated CCC or below (or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable credit quality by Western Asset) at the time of investment. For this purpose, if a security is rated by multiple nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”) and receives different ratings, the Fund will treat the security as being rated in the highest rating category received from an NRSRO. Rating categories may include
sub-categories
or gradations indicating relative standing.
Securities rated below investment
grade are regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Because of the risks associated with investing in high yield securities, an investment in the Fund should be considered speculative. Some of the credit instruments will have no credit rating at all.
Fixed Income Securities
Fixed income securities represent obligations of corporations, governments and other entities to repay money borrowed, usually at the maturity of the security. These securities may pay fixed, variable or floating rates of interest. However, some fixed income securities, such as zero coupon bonds, do not pay current interest but are issued at a discount from their face values. Other debt instruments, such as certain mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities, make periodic payments of interest and/or principal. Some debt instruments are partially or fully secured by collateral supporting the payment of interest and principal. “Fixed income securities” are commonly referred to as “notes,” “loans,” “debt,” “debt obligations,” “debt securities,” “corporate debt,” “bonds” and “corporate bonds,” and these terms are used in this Prospectus interchangeably, and, where used, are not intended to be limiting. Fixed income securities also include certain hybrid securities, such as preferred stock.
Variable and Floating Rate Securities
Variable rate securities reset at specified intervals, while floating rate securities reset whenever there is a change in a specified index rate. In most cases, these reset provisions reduce the impact of changes in market interest rates on the value of the security. However, the value of these securities may decline if their interest rates do not rise as much, or as quickly, as other interest rates. Conversely, these securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. The Fund may also invest in inverse floating rate debt instruments (“inverse floaters”). Interest payments on inverse floaters vary inversely with changes in interest rates. Inverse floaters pay higher interest (and therefore generally increase in value) when interest rates decline, and vice versa. An inverse floater may exhibit greater price volatility than a fixed rate obligation of similar credit quality.
Stripped Securities
Certain fixed income securities, called stripped securities, represent the right to receive either payments of principal (“POs”) or payments of interest (“IOs”) on underlying pools of mortgages or on government securities. The value of these types of instruments may change more drastically during periods of changing interest rates than debt securities that pay both principal and interest. Interest-only and principal-only mortgage-backed securities are especially sensitive to interest rate changes, which can affect not only their prices but can also change the prepayment assumptions about those investments and income flows the Fund receives from them.
Corporate Debt
Corporate debt securities are fixed income securities usually issued by businesses to finance their operations. Various types of business entities may issue these securities, including corporations, trusts, limited partnerships, limited liability companies and other types
of non-governmental legal
entities. Notes, bonds, debentures and commercial paper are the most common types of corporate debt securities, with the primary difference being their maturities and secured or unsecured status. Commercial paper has the shortest term and is usually unsecured. The broad category of corporate debt securities includes debt issued by U.S.
or non-U.S. companies
of all kinds, including those with small, mid and large capitalizations. Corporate debt may carry variable or floating rates of interest.
Loans
 
26

The primary risk in an investment in loans is that borrowers may be unable to meet their interest and/or principal payment obligations. Loans in which the Fund invests may be made to finance highly leveraged borrowers which may make such loans especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. Loans in which the Fund may invest may be either collateralized or uncollateralized and senior or subordinate (including covenant lite loans). Investments in uncollateralized and/or subordinate loans entail a greater risk of nonpayment than do investments in loans that hold a more senior position in the borrower’s capital structure and/or are secured with collateral. In addition, loans are generally subject to illiquidity risk. The Fund may acquire an interest in loans by purchasing participations in and/or assignments of portions of loans from third parties or by investing in pools of loans, such as collateralized debt obligations as further described under “Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities.” Transactions in loans may settle on a delayed basis. As a result, the proceeds from the sale of a loan may not be available to make additional investments for a period of time. Bank loans may not be considered securities and therefore, the Fund may not have the protections afforded by U.S. federal securities laws with respect to such investments.
U.S. Government Obligations
U.S. government obligations include U.S. Treasury obligations and other obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government, its agencies or government-sponsored entities. Although the U.S. government guarantees principal and interest payments on securities issued by the U.S. government and some of its agencies, such as securities issued by the U.S. Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), this guarantee does not apply to losses resulting from declines in the market value of these securities. U.S. government obligations include zero coupon securities that make payments of interest and principal only upon maturity and which therefore tend to be subject to greater volatility than interest bearing securities with comparable maturities.
Some of the U.S. government securities that the Fund may hold are not guaranteed or backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, such as those issued by Fannie Mae (formally known as the Federal National Mortgage Association) and Freddie Mac (formally known as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation). The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. government obligations may greatly exceed their current resources, including any legal right to support from the U.S. government.
Foreign and Emerging Markets Securities
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will be invested in at least three countries (one of which may be the United States) and may invest up to 30% of its Managed Assets in foreign securities. The Fund may invest in foreign securities denominated either in U.S. dollars or foreign currencies, subject to the limit for investments in securities denominated in foreign currencies noted above. The Fund may also invest in issuers with significant exposure to foreign markets. The value of the Fund’s foreign securities may decline because of unfavorable government actions, political instability or the more limited availability of accurate information about foreign issuers, as well as factors affecting the particular issuers. The Fund may invest in foreign securities issued by issuers located in emerging market countries. The Fund considers a country to be an emerging market country, if, at the time of investment, it is represented in the J.P. Morgan Emerging Market Bond Index Global or the J.P. Morgan Corporate Emerging Market Bond Index Broad or categorized by the World Bank in its annual categorization as middle- or
low-income.
Western Asset believes emerging market securities can provide exposure to high-growth economies with potentially reduced currency risk within select holdings in U.S. dollar-denominated emerging market securities. To the extent the Fund invests in these securities, the risks associated with investment in foreign issuers will generally be more pronounced.
Sovereign Debt
The Fund may invest in sovereign debt, including emerging market sovereign debt. Sovereign debt securities may include:
 
 
Fixed income securities issued or guaranteed by governments, governmental agencies or instrumentalities and their political subdivisions
 
 
Fixed income securities issued by government-owned, controlled or sponsored entities
 
 
Interests issued for the purpose of restructuring the investment characteristics of instruments issued by any of the above issuers
 
 
Brady Bonds, which are debt securities issued under the framework of the Brady Plan as a means for debtor nations to restructure their outstanding external indebtedness
 
27

 
Participations in loans between governments and financial institutions
 
 
Fixed income securities issued by supranational entities such as the World Bank. A supranational entity is a bank, commission or company established or financially supported by the national governments of one or more countries to promote reconstruction or development
Sovereign government and supranational debt involve many of the risks of foreign and emerging markets investments as well as the risk of debt moratorium, repudiation or renegotiation and the Fund may be unable to enforce its rights against the issuers.
Structured Instruments
The Fund may invest in various types of structured instruments, including securities that have demand, tender or put features, or interest rate reset features. These may include instruments issued by structured investment or special purpose vehicles or conduits, and may be asset-backed or mortgage-backed securities. Structured instruments may take the form of participation interests or receipts in underlying securities or other assets, and in some cases are backed by a financial institution serving as a liquidity provider. The interest rate or principal amount payable at maturity on a structured instrument may vary based on changes in one or more specified reference factors, such as currencies, interest rates, commodities, indices or other financial indicators. Changes in the underlying reference factors may result in disproportionate changes in amounts payable under a structured instrument. Some of these instruments may have an interest rate swap feature which substitutes a floating or variable interest rate for the fixed interest rate on an underlying asset or index. Structured instruments are a type of derivative instrument and the payment and credit qualities of these instruments derive from the assets embedded in the structure. For structured securities that have embedded leverage features, small changes in interest or prepayment rates may cause large and sudden price movements. Structured instruments are often subject to heightened illiquidity risk.
Mortgage-Backed and Asset-Backed Securities
Mortgage-backed securities may be issued by private issuers, by U.S. government-sponsored entities such as Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac or by agencies of the U.S. government, such as Ginnie Mae. Mortgage-backed securities represent direct or indirect participations in, or are collateralized by and payable from, mortgage loans secured by real property.
Unlike mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government or government-sponsored entities, mortgage-backed securities issued by private issuers do not have a government or government-sponsored entity guarantee (but may have other credit enhancement), and may, and frequently do, have less favorable collateral, credit risk or other underwriting characteristics.
RMBS are comprised of a pool of residential mortgage loans created by banks and other financial institutions. CMBS are a type of mortgage-backed security backed by commercial mortgages rather than residential real estate.
Asset-backed securities represent participations in, or are secured by and payable from, assets such as installment sales or loan contracts, leases, credit card receivables and other categories of receivables.
Collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) are debt obligations collateralized by mortgage loans or mortgage pass-through securities. CMOs are a type of mortgage-backed security. Typically, CMOs are collateralized by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac Certificates, but may also be collateralized by whole loans or private pass-throughs (referred to as “Mortgage Assets”). Payments of principal and of interest on the Mortgage Assets, and any reinvestment income thereon, provide the issuer with income to pay debt service on the CMOs. In a CMO, a series of bonds or certificates is issued in multiple classes. Each class of CMOs, often referred to as a “tranche,” is issued at a specified fixed or floating coupon rate and has a stated maturity or final distribution date. Principal prepayments on the Mortgage Assets may cause the CMOs to be retired substantially earlier than their stated maturities or final distribution dates. Interest is paid or accrues on all classes of the CMOs on a monthly, quarterly or semi-annual basis. The principal of and interest on the Mortgage Assets may be allocated among the several classes of a series of a CMO in innumerable ways. As market conditions change, and particularly during periods of rapid or unanticipated changes in market interest rates, the attractiveness of the CMO classes and the ability of the structure to provide the anticipated investment characteristics may be significantly reduced. Such changes can result in volatility in the market value, and in some instances reduced liquidity, of the CMO class.
 
28

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) are a type of asset-backed security. CDOs include collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”), CLOs and other similarly structured securities. A CBO is a trust or other special purpose entity which is typically backed by a diversified pool of fixed income securities (which may include high risk, below investment grade securities). A CLO is a trust or other special purpose entity that is typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may also include, among others, domestic and
non-U.S.
senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinated corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. Like CMOs, CDOs generally issue separate series or “tranches” which vary with respect to risk and yield. These tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of subordinate tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as investor aversion to CDO securities as a class. Interest on certain tranches of a CDO may be paid in kind (paid in the form of obligations of the same type rather than cash), which involves continued exposure to default risk with respect to such payments.
Municipal Securities
Municipal securities include debt obligations issued by any of the 50 U.S. states or their political subdivisions, agencies and public authorities, certain other U.S. governmental issuers (such as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam) and other qualifying issuers, participation or other interests in these securities and other structured securities. Although municipal securities are issued by qualifying issuers, payments of principal and interest on municipal securities may be derived solely from revenues from certain facilities, mortgages or private industries, and may not be backed by the issuers themselves. These securities include participation or other interests in municipal securities issued or backed by banks, insurance companies and other financial institutions.
Municipal securities include general obligation bonds, revenue bonds, housing authority bonds, private activity bonds, industrial development bonds, residual interest bonds, tender option bonds, tax and revenue anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes,
tax-exempt
commercial paper, municipal leases, participation certificates and custodial receipts. General obligation bonds are backed by the full faith and credit of the issuing entity. Revenue bonds are typically used to fund public works projects, such as toll roads, airports and transportation facilities, that are expected to produce income sufficient to make the payments on the bonds, since they are not backed by the full taxing power of the municipality. Housing authority bonds are used primarily to fund low to middle income residential projects and may be backed by the payments made on the underlying mortgages. Tax and revenue anticipation notes are generally issued in order to finance short-term cash needs or, occasionally, to finance construction. Tax and revenue anticipation notes are expected to be repaid from taxes or designated revenues in the related fiscal period, and they may or may not be general obligations of the issuing entity. Bond anticipation notes are issued with the expectation that their principal and interest will be paid out of proceeds from renewal notes or bonds and may be issued to finance such items as land acquisition, facility acquisition and/or construction and capital improvement projects.
Municipal securities include municipal lease obligations, which are undivided interests issued by a state or municipality in a lease or installment purchase contract which generally relates to equipment or facilities. In some cases, payments under municipal leases do not have to be made unless money is specifically approved for that purpose by an appropriate legislative body.
Preferred Shares and Convertible Securities
The Fund may invest in preferred shares and convertible securities. Preferred shares represent equity ownership of an issuer that generally entitles the holder to receive, in preference to the holders of common shares of the issuer, dividends and a fixed share of the proceeds resulting from a liquidation of the company. Preferred shares may pay dividends at fixed or variable rates. Convertible fixed income securities convert into common shares of their issuer. Preferred shares and convertible fixed income securities share investment characteristics of both fixed income and equity securities. However, the value of these securities tends to vary more with fluctuations in the underlying common shares and less with fluctuations in interest rates and tends to exhibit greater volatility. The Fund will not invest, either directly or indirectly through derivatives, in contingent capital securities (sometimes referred to as “CoCos”).
Equity Securities
Although the Fund invests principally in fixed income securities and related investments, the Fund may from time to time invest in or receive equity securities and equity-like securities, which may include warrants, rights, exchange traded and
over-the-counter
common shares, preferred shares, depositary receipts, trust certificates,
 
29

limited partnership interests and shares of other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds, and real estate investment trusts. The Fund may invest in or receive equity securities for which there exists no private or public market.
Equity securities represent an ownership interest in the issuing company. Holders of equity securities are not creditors of the company, and in the event of the liquidation of the company, would be entitled to their pro rata share of the company’s assets, if any, after creditors, including the holders of fixed income securities, and holders of any senior equity securities are paid. Equity securities typically fluctuate in price more than fixed income securities.
Warrants and rights permit, but do not obligate, their holders to subscribe for other securities. Warrants and rights are subject to the same market risks as shares, but may be more volatile in price. An investment in warrants or rights may be considered speculative. In addition, the value of a warrant or right does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities and a warrant or right ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to its expiration date.
Securities of Other Investment Companies
The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules thereunder and applicable exemptive relief. The return on investments in other registered investment companies will be reduced by the operating expenses, including investment advisory expenses, of such companies, and by any sales loads or other distribution and/or service fees or charges incurred in purchasing or selling shares of such companies, in addition to the Fund’s own fees and expenses. As such, there is a layering of fees and expenses.
Zero Coupon,
Pay-In-Kind
and Deferred Interest Securities
Zero coupon,
pay-in-kind
and deferred interest securities may be used by issuers to manage cash flow and maintain liquidity. Zero coupon securities pay no interest during the life of the obligation but are issued at prices below their stated maturity value. Because zero coupon securities pay no interest until maturity, their prices may fluctuate more than other types of securities with the same maturity in the secondary market. However, zero coupon bonds are useful as a tool for managing duration.
Pay-in-kind
securities have a stated coupon, but the interest is generally paid in the form of obligations of the same type as the underlying
pay-in-kind
securities (
e.g.
, bonds) rather than in cash. These securities are more sensitive to the credit quality of the underlying issuer and their secondary market prices may fluctuate more than other types of securities with the same maturity.
Pay-in-kind
securities are subject to additional risks including that the interest payments deferred on
pay-in-kind
loans are subject to the risk that the borrower may default when the deferred payments are due in cash at the maturity of the loan; and the interest rates on
pay-in-kind
loans are higher to reflect the time-value of money on deferred interest payments and the higher credit risk of borrowers who may need to defer interest payments. Furthermore,
pay-in-kind
instruments can be difficult to value because the accruals require judgments about ultimate collectability of the deferred payments and the value of the associated collateral.
Deferred interest securities are obligations that generally provide for a period of delay before the regular payment of interest begins and are issued at a significant discount from face value.
Certain zero coupon,
pay-in-kind
and deferred interest securities are subject to tax rules applicable to debt obligations issued with “original issue discount.” The Fund would generally have to accrue income on these securities for federal income tax purposes before it receives corresponding cash payments. Because the Fund intends to make sufficient annual distributions of its taxable income, including accrued
non-cash
income, in order to maintain its federal income tax status as a regulated investment company and avoid Fund-level income and excise taxes, the Fund might be required to liquidate portfolio securities at a disadvantageous time, or borrow cash, to make these distributions. The Fund also accrues income on these securities prior to receipt for accounting purposes. To the extent it is deemed collectible, accrued income is taken into account when calculating the value of these securities and the Fund’s net asset value per share, in accordance with the Fund’s valuation policies.
Derivatives
The Fund may engage in a variety of transactions using derivatives, including without limitation futures, options, forwards, interest rate swaps and other swaps (including buying and selling credit default swaps and options on credit default swaps), foreign currency futures, forwards and options, and futures contracts, warrants and other synthetic instruments that are intended to provide economic exposure to particular securities, assets or issuers or to be used as a hedging technique. The Fund may use one or more types of these instruments within the limits
 
30

prescribed by the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. The Fund may also engage in a variety of transactions using derivatives in order to change the investment characteristics of its portfolio (such as shortening or lengthening duration) and for other purposes.
A derivative is a financial instrument that has a value based on, or derived from, the value of one or more underlying reference assets or instruments or measures of value or interest rates, such as a security, a commodity, a currency, an index, an interest rate or a currency exchange rate. Derivatives may be used by the Fund for any of the following purposes:
 
 
As a hedging technique in order to manage risk in the Fund’s portfolio
 
 
As a substitute for buying or selling the underlying asset
 
 
As a means of changing the investment characteristics of the Fund’s portfolio
 
 
As a cash flow management technique
 
 
As a means of enhancing income, yield or returns
 
 
As a means of providing additional exposure to types of investments or market factors
The Fund from time to time may sell protection on debt obligations by entering into credit default swaps. In these transactions, the Fund is generally required to pay the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation to the counterparty in the event of a default on, restructuring or downgrade of the debt obligation and/or a similar credit event. In return, the Fund receives from the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the swap. If no credit event occurs, the Fund keeps the stream of payments and has no payment obligations. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its net assets, the Fund would be subject to potential loss of the par (or other agreed-upon) value it had undertaken to pay following the occurrence of a credit event. Credit default swaps may also be structured based on an index or the debt of a basket of issuers, rather than a single issuer, and may be customized with respect to the credit event that triggers purchase or other factors (for example, a particular number of defaults within a basket, or defaults by a particular combination of issuers within the basket, may trigger a payment obligation).
The Fund may buy credit default swaps to hedge against the credit risk of assets held in its portfolio or for other reasons. As the buyer of a credit default swap, the Fund would make the stream of payments described in the preceding paragraph to the seller of the credit default swap and would expect to receive from the seller a payment in the event of a default on the underlying debt security or other specified credit event.
Using derivatives, especially
for non-hedging purposes,
may involve greater risks to the Fund than investing directly in securities. Certain derivative transactions may have a leveraging effect on the Fund.
Use of derivatives or similar instruments may have different tax consequences for the Fund than an investment in the underlying asset or index, and those differences may affect the amount, timing and character of income distributed to shareholders.
When the Fund enters into derivative transactions, it may be required to segregate assets, or enter into offsetting positions, in accordance with applicable regulations. Such segregation will not limit the Fund’s exposure to loss, however, and the Fund will have market risk with respect to both the derivative itself and the assets that have been segregated to cover the Fund’s derivative exposure as well as credit risk with respect to its derivative counterparties and any custodian of Fund assets. If the segregated assets represent a large portion of the Fund’s portfolio, this may impede portfolio management or other current obligations.
Instead of, and/or in addition to, investing directly in particular assets, the Fund may use derivatives and other synthetic instruments that are intended to provide economic exposure to securities, assets, issuers, currencies, indices or other measures of market or economic value. The Fund may use one or more types of these instruments without limit.
Western Asset may choose not to make use of derivatives.
When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery, To be Announced and Forward Commitment Transactions
The Fund may purchase securities under arrangements (called when-issued, delayed delivery, to be announced or forward commitment basis) where the securities will not be delivered or paid for immediately. The
 
31

Fund will set aside assets to pay for these securities at the time of the agreement. Such transactions involve a risk of loss, for example, if the value of the securities declines prior to the settlement date or if the assets set aside to pay for these securities decline in value prior to the settlement date. Therefore, these transactions may have a leveraging effect on the Fund, making the value of an investment in the Fund more volatile and increasing the Fund’s overall investment exposure. Typically, no income accrues on securities the Fund has committed to purchase prior to the time delivery of the securities is made, although the Fund may earn income on securities it has set aside to cover these positions. Recently finalized rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) impose mandatory margin requirements for certain types of when-issued, to be announced or forward commitment transactions, with limited exceptions. Such transactions historically have not been required to be collateralized, and mandatory collateralization could increase the cost of such transactions and impose added operational complexity.
Forward Roll Transactions
In a forward roll transaction (also referred to as a mortgage dollar roll), the Fund sells a mortgage-backed security while simultaneously agreeing to purchase a similar security from the same party (the counterparty) on a specified future date at a lower fixed price. During the roll period, the Fund forgoes principal and interest paid on the securities. The Fund is compensated by the difference between the current sales price and the forward price for the future purchase as well as by the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the initial sale. The Fund may enter into a forward roll transaction with the intention of entering into an offsetting transaction whereby, rather than accepting delivery of the security on the specified date, the Fund sells the security and agrees to repurchase a similar security at a later time.
Investments in forward roll transactions involve a risk of loss if the value of the securities that the Fund is obligated to purchase declines below the purchase price prior to the repurchase date. Forward roll transactions may have a leveraging effect on the Fund (see “When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery, To be Announced and Forward Commitment Transactions”).
Short-Term Investments
The Fund may invest, directly or indirectly, in cash, money market instruments and short-term securities, including repurchase agreements, U.S. government securities, bank obligations and commercial paper. Bank obligations include bank notes, certificates of deposit, time deposits, banker’s acceptances and other similar obligations. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases a security from a seller, subject to the obligation of the seller to repurchase that security from the Fund at a higher price. The repurchase agreement thereby determines the yield during the Fund’s holding period, while the seller’s obligation to repurchase is secured by the value of the underlying security held by the Fund. The Fund may also invest in money market funds, which may or may not be registered under the 1940 Act and/or affiliated with FTFA or Western Asset. The return on investment in these money market funds may be reduced by such money market funds’ operating expenses in addition to the Fund’s own fees and expenses. As such, there is a layering of fees and expenses.
Borrowings and Reverse Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may enter into borrowing transactions. Borrowing may make the value of an investment in the Fund more volatile and increase the Fund’s overall investment exposure. The Fund may be required to liquidate portfolio securities at a time when it would be disadvantageous to do so in order to make payments with respect to any borrowings. Interest on any borrowings will be a fund expense and will reduce the value of the Fund’s shares.
The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements, which have characteristics like borrowings. In a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund sells securities to a counterparty, in return for cash, and the Fund agrees to repurchase the securities at a later date and for a higher price, representing the cost to the Fund for the cash received.
Credit Downgrades and Other Credit Events
Credit rating or credit quality of an asset or counterparty is determined at the time the position is established. If the credit rating on a security is downgraded or the credit quality of an asset or counterparty deteriorates, or if the duration of a security is extended, Western Asset will decide whether to exit the position, including in the event such downgrade of one or more securities held by the Fund causes the Fund to exceed the 25% limit of the Fund’s Managed Assets in securities rated CCC or below (or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable credit quality by Western Asset). Upon the occurrence of certain triggering events or defaults on a security held by the Fund, or if an obligor of such a security has difficulty meeting its obligations, the Fund may obtain a new or restructured security or underlying assets. In that case, the Fund may become the holder of securities
 
32

or other assets that it could not purchase or might not otherwise hold (for example, because they are of lower quality or are subordinated to other obligations of the issuer) at a time when those assets may be difficult to sell or can be sold only at a loss. In addition, the Fund may incur expenses in an effort to protect the Fund’s interest in assets or counterparties experiencing these events. In the event of any of the foregoing, it is possible that the value of the securities rated CCC or below, or if unrated are deemed to be of equivalent credit quality by Western Asset, that are held by the Fund could exceed 25% of the Fund’s Managed Assets for an indefinite period of time.
Defensive Investing
The Fund may take temporary defensive positions or depart from its principal investment strategies in response to or anticipation of adverse or unusual market, economic, political or other conditions, including by investing in any type of money market instruments and short-term debt securities or holding cash or cash items without regard to any percentage limitations. For instance, for temporary defensive purposes, the Fund may restrict the markets in which it invests or may hold uninvested cash or invest without limitation in cash equivalents such as money market instruments, U.S. Treasury bills, interests in short-term investment funds, repurchase agreements, or shares of money market or short-term bond funds, even if the investments are inconsistent with the Fund’s principal investment strategies. To the extent the Fund invests in these temporary investments in this manner, the Fund may succeed in avoiding losses but may not otherwise achieve its investment objective. Although Western Asset has the ability to take defensive positions for the Fund, it may choose not to do so for a variety of reasons, even during volatile market conditions.
Other Investments
The Fund may also use other strategies and invest in other investments that are described, along with their risks, in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”). However, the Fund might not use all of the strategies and techniques or invest in all of the types of investments described in this Prospectus or in the SAI. New types of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, derivative instruments, hedging instruments and other securities or instruments are developed and marketed from time to time. Consistent with its investment limitations, the Fund may invest in new types of securities and instruments.
Percentage and Other Limitations
For purposes of the Fund’s limitations expressed as a percentage of assets, Managed Assets or net assets, the term “assets,” “Managed Assets” or “net assets,” as applicable, means net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes. The Fund’s compliance with its investment limitations and requirements described in this Prospectus is usually determined at the time of investment. If such a percentage limitation is complied with at the time of an investment, any subsequent change in percentage resulting from a change in asset values or characteristics, a sale of securities or a change in credit quality will not constitute a violation of that limitation.
Selection Process
Western Asset uses a combination of quantitative models that seek to measure the relative risks and opportunities of each market segment based upon economic, market, political, currency and technical data and its own assessment of economic and market conditions in an effort to create an optimal risk/return allocation of the Fund’s assets among various segments of the fixed income market. After Western Asset makes its sector allocations, Western Asset uses traditional credit analysis to identify individual securities for the Fund’s portfolio.
Fundamental Investment Policies
The Fund’s investment restrictions listed in the SAI are considered fundamental and may not be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities. A “majority of the outstanding voting securities” means (i) 67% or more of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities are present or represented by proxy at the meeting or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities, whichever of (i) or (ii) is less. See “Investment Restrictions” in the SAI for a complete list of the fundamental investment policies of the Fund.
Leverage
The Fund may use leverage through Borrowings, and through the issuance of Preferred Shares. The Fund may use leverage through Borrowings in an aggregate amount of up to approximately 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total
 
33

net assets immediately after such Borrowings. Furthermore, the Fund may use leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares in an aggregate amount of liquidation preference attributable to the Preferred Shares combined with the aggregate amount of any Borrowings of up to approximately 50% of the Fund’s total net assets immediately after such issuance. The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements and use similar investment management techniques that may provide leverage, subject to the requirements of Rule
18f-4
under the 1940 Act. Under Rule
18f-4(d),
the Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions in reliance on the rule if the Fund either (i) complies with the asset coverage requirements of Section 18 of the 1940 Act, and combines the aggregate amount of indebtedness associated with all reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions with the aggregate amount of any other senior securities representing indebtedness when calculating its asset coverage ratio; or (ii) treats all reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions as derivatives transactions for all purposes under the rule. The Fund entered into a revolving credit agreement (the “BNYM Credit Agreement”) with The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNYM”). The BNYM Credit Agreement allows the Fund to borrow up to an aggregate amount of $385,000,000 and renews daily for a
179-day
term unless notice to the contrary is given to the Fund. The Fund pays interest on borrowings calculated based on SOFR plus applicable margin. The Fund pays a commitment fee on the unutilized portion of the loan commitment amount at an annual rate of 0.25% except that the commitment fee is 0.00% when the aggregate outstanding balance of the loan is equal to or greater than 75% of the maximum commitment amount. To the extent of the borrowing outstanding, the Fund is required to maintain collateral in a special custody account at the Fund’s custodian on behalf of BNYM. For the period ended December 31, 2023, based on the number of days during the reporting period that the Fund had a loan balance outstanding, the average daily loan balance was $358,000,000 and the weighted average interest rate was 6.32%. At December 31, 2023, the Fund had $358,000,000 of borrowings outstanding per the BNYM Credit Agreement.
The Fund operates under Rule
18f-4
under the 1940 Act which, among other things, governs the use of derivative investments and certain financing transactions (e.g., reverse repurchase agreements) by registered investment companies. Among other things, Rule
18f-4
requires funds that invest in derivative instruments beyond a specified limited amount to apply a VaR based limit to their use of certain derivative instruments and financing transactions and to adopt and implement a derivatives risk management program. Compliance with Rule
18f-4
by the Fund could, among other things, make derivatives more costly, limit their availability or utility, or otherwise adversely affect their performance. Rule
18f-4
may limit the Fund’s ability to use derivatives as part of its investment strategy. Using derivatives also can have a leveraging effect and increase Fund volatility.
Currently, the Fund has no intention to use leverage through the issuance of notes or debt securities or Preferred Shares, but circumstances may arise such that the Fund may choose to issue Preferred Shares. Borrowings (and any Preferred Shares) will have seniority over Common Shares. Any Borrowings and Preferred Shares (if issued) will leverage your investment in Common Shares. Common Shareholders will bear the costs associated with any Borrowings, and if the Fund issues Preferred Shares, Common Shareholders will bear the offering costs of the Preferred Share issuance. The Board of Trustees of the Fund may authorize the use of leverage through Borrowings and Preferred Shares without the approval of the Common Shareholders.
Changes in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities, including costs attributable to Borrowings or Preferred Shares, will be borne entirely by the holders of the Common Shares. If there is a net decrease (or increase) in the value of the Fund’s investment portfolio, the leverage will decrease (or increase) the net asset value per Common Shares to a greater extent than if the Fund were not leveraged. During periods when the Fund is using leverage through Borrowings or the issuance of Preferred Shares, the fees paid to FTFA, Western Asset and the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers for advisory services will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage because the fees paid will be calculated on the basis of the Fund’s Managed Assets, which includes the principal amount of the Borrowings and any assets attributable to the issuance of Preferred Shares. For purposes of calculating Managed Assets, the liquidation preference of any Preferred Shares outstanding will not be considered a liability. This means that FTFA, Western Asset and the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers may have a financial incentive to increase the Fund’s use of leverage.
Under the 1940 Act, the Fund generally is not permitted to issue commercial paper or notes or borrow unless immediately after the borrowing or commercial paper or note issuance the value of the Fund’s total assets less liabilities other than the principal amount represented by commercial paper, notes or borrowings is at least 300% of such principal amount. In addition, the Fund is not permitted to declare any cash dividend or other distribution on its Common Shares unless, at the time of such declaration, the value of the Fund’s total assets, less liabilities other than the principal amount represented by commercial paper, notes or borrowings, is at least 300% of such principal
 
34

amount after deducting the amount of such dividend or distribution. If the Fund borrows, the Fund intends, to the extent possible, to prepay all or a portion of the principal amount of any outstanding commercial paper, notes or borrowing to the extent necessary to maintain the required asset coverage. Failure to maintain certain asset coverage requirements could result in an event of default and entitle the debt holders to elect a majority of the Board of Trustees.
Utilization of leverage is a speculative investment technique and involves certain risks to the holders of Common Shares. These include the possibility of higher volatility of the net asset value of the Common Shares and potentially more volatility in the market value of, and distributions on, the Common Shares. So long as the Fund is able to realize a higher net return on its investment portfolio than the then-current cost of any leverage together with other related expenses, the effect of the leverage will be to cause holders of Common Shares to realize a higher rate of return than if the Fund were not so leveraged. On the other hand, to the extent that the then-current cost of any leverage, together with other related expenses, approaches the net return on the Fund’s investment portfolio, the benefit of leverage to holders of Common Shares will be reduced, and if the then-current cost of any leverage together with related expenses were to exceed the net return on the Fund’s portfolio, the Fund’s leveraged capital structure would result in a lower rate of return to holders of Common Shares than if the Fund were not so leveraged. There can be no assurance that the Fund’s leveraging strategy will be successful.
Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue Preferred Shares unless immediately after such issuance the value of the Fund’s asset coverage is at least 200% of the liquidation value of the outstanding Preferred Shares plus any outstanding borrowings (
i.e.
, such liquidation value plus any outstanding borrowings may not exceed 50% of the Fund’s asset coverage less all liabilities other than borrowings).
In addition, the Fund is not permitted to declare any cash dividend or other distribution on its Common Shares unless, at the time of such declaration, the
value
of the Fund’s asset coverage less liabilities other than borrowings satisfies the above-referenced 200% coverage requirement. The failure to pay dividends or make distributions could result in the Fund ceasing to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company under the Code, which could have a material adverse effect on the value of the Common Shares. If Preferred Shares are issued, the Fund intends, to the extent possible, to purchase or redeem Preferred Shares from time to time to the extent necessary in order to maintain coverage of at least 200%.
If Preferred Shares are outstanding, two of the Fund’s Trustees will be elected by the holders of Preferred Shares, voting separately as a class. The remaining Trustees of the Fund will be elected by holders of Common Shares and Preferred Shares voting together as a single class. In the unlikely event that the Fund fails to pay dividends on the Preferred Shares for two years, holders of Preferred Shares would be entitled to elect a majority of the Trustees of the Fund.
The Fund may be subject to certain restrictions imposed either by guidelines of a lender, if the Fund borrows from a lender, or by one or more rating agencies which may issue ratings for Preferred Shares or debt securities. These guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed on the Fund by the 1940 Act. It is not anticipated that these covenants or guidelines will impede FTFA, Western Asset and the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers from managing the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies. In addition to other considerations, to the extent that the Fund believes that the covenants and guidelines required by the rating agencies would impede its ability to meet its investment objectives, or if the Fund is unable to obtain its desired rating on Preferred Shares or debt securities, the Fund will not issue Preferred Shares or debt securities.
Effects of Leverage
The following table is furnished in response to requirements of the SEC. It is designed to illustrate the effect of leverage on total returns from an investment in the Common Shares assuming investment portfolio total returns (comprised of income and changes in the value of securities held in the Fund’s portfolio) of (10)%, (5)%, 0%, 5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns expected to be experienced by the Fund. See “Risks.” The table further reflects the use of leverage representing
46.1
% of the Fund’s total net assets and the Fund’s currently projected annual leverage expense of
2.57
%.
 
Assumed Portfolio Total Return (Net of Expenses)
     (10.00 )%    (5.00)%    0.00%    5.00%    10.00%
Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Common Shares
     (17.17 )%    (9.87)%    (2.57)%    4.74%    12.04%
 
35

The corresponding total return to holders of Common Shares is composed of two elements: the common share dividends paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely determined by the net investment income of the Fund) and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns. As required by SEC rules, the table assumes that the Fund is more likely to suffer capital losses than to enjoy capital appreciation. For example, to assume a total return of 0% the Fund must assume that the interest it receives on its investments is entirely offset by losses in the value of those securities.
Unless and until leverage is utilized or issued, the Common Shares will not be leveraged and the risks and special considerations related to leverage described in this prospectus will not apply. Such leveraging will not be fully achieved until the proceeds resulting from the use of leverage have been invested in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies.
In addition, because the Fund’s investment management fee is calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s Managed Assets, which include those
assets
purchased with leverage, during periods in which the Fund is using leverage, the fee paid to FTFA will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage.
Derivatives and Reverse Repurchase Agreements
Generally, derivatives are financial contracts whose values depend upon, or are derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index, and may relate to individual debt or equity instruments, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates and related indexes. The Fund may use a variety of derivative instruments as part of its investment strategies or for hedging or risk management purposes. Examples of derivative instruments that the fund may use include options contracts, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, credit default swaps and other swap agreements. The Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts, purchase and sell (or write) exchange-listed and OTC put and call options on securities, financial indices and futures contracts, enter into various interest rate and currency transactions and enter into other similar transactions which may be developed in the future to the extent the management determines that they are consistent with the fund’s investment objectives and policies and applicable regulatory requirements. The Fund may use any or all of these techniques at any time, and the use of any particular derivative transaction will depend on market conditions.
Effective August 19, 2022, the Fund began operating under Rule
18f-
4 under the 1940 Act which, among other things, governs the use of derivative investments and certain financing transactions (e.g., reverse repurchase agreements) by registered investment companies.
Among other things, Rule
18f-4
requires funds that invest in derivative instruments beyond a specified limited amount to apply a value at risk (“VaR”) based limit to their use of certain derivative instruments and financing transactions and to adopt and implement a derivatives risk management program. Rule
18f-4
may limit the Fund’s ability to use derivatives as part of its investment strategy. Using derivatives also can have a leveraging effect and increase Fund volatility. See “Leverage” and “Risks—Risks Related to the Fund—Leverage Risk.”
Dollar Roll Transactions
The Fund may enter into “dollar roll” transactions. In a dollar roll transaction, the Fund sells a mortgage related or other security to a dealer and simultaneously agrees to repurchase a similar security (but not the same security) in the future at a
pre-determined
price. A dollar roll transaction can be viewed, like a reverse repurchase agreement, as a collateralized borrowing in which the Fund pledges a mortgage related security to a dealer to obtain cash. However, unlike reverse repurchase agreements, the dealer with which the Fund enters into a dollar roll transaction is not obligated to return the same securities as those originally sold by the Fund, but rather only securities which are “substantially identical,” which generally means that the securities repurchased will bear the same interest rate and a similar maturity as those sold, but the pools of mortgages collateralizing those securities may have different prepayment histories than those sold.
During the period between the sale and repurchase, the Fund will not be entitled to receive interest and principal payments on the securities sold. Proceeds of the sale will be invested in additional instruments for the Fund and the income from these investments will generate income for the Fund. If such income does not exceed the income, capital appreciation and gain that would have been realized on the securities sold as part of the dollar roll, the use of this technique will diminish the investment performance of the Fund compared with what the performance would have been without the use of dollar rolls.
Dollar roll transactions involve the risk that the market value of the securities the Fund is required to purchase may decline below the agreed upon repurchase price of those securities. The Fund’s right to purchase or
 
36

repurchase securities may be restricted. Successful use of mortgage dollar rolls may depend upon the investment manager’s ability to correctly predict interest rates and prepayments. There is no assurance that dollar rolls can be successfully employed.
Credit Facility
The Fund is permitted to leverage its portfolio by entering into one or more credit facilities. Effective November 21, 2023, the Fund entered into a revolving credit agreement (the “BNYM Credit Agreement”) with The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNYM”). The BNYM Credit Agreement allows the Fund to borrow up to an aggregate amount of $385,000,000 and renews daily for a
179-day
term unless notice to the contrary is given to the Fund. The Fund pays interest on borrowings calculated based on SOFR plus applicable margin. The Fund pays a commitment fee on the unutilized portion of the loan commitment amount at an annual rate of 0.25% except that the commitment fee is 0.00% when the aggregate outstanding balance of the loan is equal to or greater than 75% of the maximum commitment amount. To the extent of the borrowing outstanding, the Fund is required to maintain collateral in a special custody account at the Fund’s custodian on behalf of BNYM. The BNYM Credit Agreement contains customary covenants that, among other things, may limit the Fund’s ability to pay distributions in certain circumstances, incur additional debt, change certain material investment policies and engage in certain transactions, including mergers and consolidations, and require asset coverage ratios in addition to those required by the 1940 Act. In addition, the BNYM Credit Agreement may be subject to early termination under certain conditions and may contain other provisions that could limit the Fund’s ability to utilize borrowing under the agreement. Interest expense related to the loan for the period ended December 31, 2023 was $2,576,804. For the period ended December 31, 2023, the Fund incurred commitment fees in the amount of $0. For the period ended December 31, 2023, based on the number of days during the reporting period that the Fund had a loan balance outstanding, the average daily loan balance was $358,000,000 and the weighted average interest rate was 6.32%. At December 31, 2023, the Fund had $358,000,000 of borrowings outstanding per the Credit Agreement.
Preferred Shares
The Fund is permitted to leverage its portfolio by issuing Preferred Shares. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue Preferred Shares if, immediately after such issuance, the liquidation value of the Fund’s outstanding Preferred Shares plus any outstanding borrowings exceeds 50% of its assets (including the proceeds from the issuance) less liabilities other than borrowings (
i.e.
, the value of the Fund’s assets must be at least 200% of the liquidation value of its outstanding Preferred Shares plus any outstanding borrowings). In addition, the Fund would not be permitted to declare any cash dividend or other distribution on its common shares unless, at the time of such declaration, the value of the Fund’s assets less liabilities other than borrowings is at least 200% of such liquidation value.
The Fund expects that Preferred Shares, if issued, will pay adjustable rate dividends based on shorter-term interest rates, which would be
re-determined
periodically by a fixed spread or remarketing process, subject to a maximum rate which would increase over time in the event of an extended period of unsuccessful remarketing. The adjustment period for preferred share dividends could be as short as one day or as long as a year or more. Preferred Shares, if issued, could include a liquidity feature that allows holders of Preferred Shares to have their shares purchased by a liquidity provider in the event that sell orders have not been matched with purchase orders and successfully settled in a remarketing. The Fund expects that it would pay a fee to the provider of this liquidity feature, which would be borne by Common Shareholders of the Fund. The terms of such liquidity feature could require the Fund to redeem Preferred Shares still owned by the liquidity provider following a certain period of continuous, unsuccessful remarketing, which may adversely impact the Fund.
If Preferred Shares are issued, the Fund may, to the extent possible, purchase or redeem Preferred Shares from time to time to the extent necessary in order to maintain asset coverage of any Preferred Shares of at least 200%. In addition, as a condition to obtaining ratings on the Preferred Shares, the terms of any Preferred Shares issued are expected to include asset coverage maintenance provisions which will require the redemption of the Preferred Shares in the event of
non-compliance
by the Fund and may also prohibit dividends and other distributions on the Common Shares in such circumstances. In order to meet redemption requirements, the Fund may have to liquidate portfolio securities. Such liquidations and redemptions would cause the Fund to incur related transaction costs and could result in capital losses to the Fund. Prohibitions on dividends and other distributions on the Common Shares could impair the Fund’s ability to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company under the Code. If the Fund has Preferred Shares outstanding, two of the Trustees will be elected by the holders of Preferred Shares
 
37

voting separately as a class. The remaining Trustees will be elected by holders of Common Shares and Preferred Shares voting together as a single class. In the event the Fund failed to pay dividends on Preferred Shares for two years, holders of Preferred Shares would be entitled to elect a majority of the Trustees.
If the Fund issues Preferred Shares, the Fund expects that it will be subject to certain restrictions imposed by guidelines of one or more rating agencies that may issue ratings for Preferred Shares issued by the Fund. These guidelines are expected to impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed on the Fund by the 1940 Act. It is not anticipated that these covenants or guidelines would impede the Advisors from managing the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies.
Temporary Borrowings
The Fund may also borrow money as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes, including the payment of dividends and the settlement of securities transactions which otherwise might require untimely dispositions of Fund securities.
 
38

Risks
The Fund is a diversified, limited-term,
closed-end
management investment company designed primarily as a long-term investment and not as a trading vehicle. The Fund is not intended to be a complete investment program and, due to the uncertainty inherent in all investments, there can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. The Fund’s performance and the value of its investments will vary in response to changes in interest rates, inflation, the financial condition of a security’s issuer, ratings on a security and other market factors. Your Common Shares at any point in time may be worth less than your original investment, even after taking into account the reinvestment of Fund dividends and distributions. Below are the principal risks associated with an investment in the Fund.
Limited Term Risk
Unless the limited term provision of the Fund’s Declaration of Trust is amended by shareholders in accordance with the Declaration of Trust, or unless the Fund completes an Eligible Tender Offer and converts to perpetual existence, the Fund will dissolve on or about the Dissolution Date. The Fund is not a so called “target date” or “life cycle” fund whose asset allocation becomes more conservative over time as its target date, often associated with retirement, approaches. In addition, the Fund is not a “target term” fund and thus does not seek to return its initial public offering price per Common Share upon dissolution. As the assets of the Fund will be liquidated in connection with its dissolution, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities or liquidate positions when it otherwise would not, including at times when market conditions are not favorable, which may cause the Fund to lose money. In addition, as the Fund approaches the Dissolution Date, the Fund may invest the liquidation proceeds of sold, matured or called securities or liquidated positions in money market mutual funds, cash, cash equivalents, securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its instrumentalities or agencies, high quality, short-term money market instruments, short-term debt securities, certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances and other bank obligations, commercial paper or other liquid debt securities, which may adversely affect the Fund’s investment performance. Rather than reinvesting proceeds received from sales of or payments received in respect of portfolio securities and positions, the Fund may distribute such proceeds in one or more liquidating distributions prior to the final dissolution, which may cause the Fund’s fixed expenses to increase when expressed as a percentage of net assets attributable to Common Shares, or the Fund may invest the proceeds in lower yielding securities or hold the proceeds in cash or cash equivalents, which may adversely affect the performance of the Fund. The final distribution of net assets upon dissolution may be more than, equal to or less than $20.00 per Common Share. Because the Fund may adopt a plan of liquidation and make liquidating distributions in advance of the Dissolution Date, the total value of the Fund’s assets returned to Common Shareholders upon dissolution will be impacted by decisions of the Board, FTFA and Western Asset regarding the timing of adopting a plan of liquidation and making liquidating distributions. This may result in Common Shareholders receiving liquidating distributions with a value more or less than the value that would have been received if the Fund had liquidated all of its assets on the Dissolution Date, or any other potential date for liquidation referenced in this prospectus, and distributed the proceeds thereof to shareholders.
If the Fund conducts an Eligible Tender Offer, the Fund anticipates that funds to pay the aggregate purchase price of shares accepted for purchase pursuant to the tender offer will be first derived from any cash on hand and then from the proceeds from the sale of portfolio investments held by the Fund. The risks related to the disposition of investments in connection with the Fund’s dissolution also would be present in connection with the disposition of investments in connection with an Eligible Tender Offer. It is likely that during the pendency of a tender offer, and possibly for a time thereafter, the Fund will hold a greater than normal percentage of its total assets in cash and cash equivalents, which may impede the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objectives and decrease returns to shareholders. The tax effect of any such dispositions of portfolio investments will depend on the difference between the price at which the investments are sold and the tax basis of the Fund in the investments. Any capital gains recognized on such dispositions, as reduced by any capital losses the Fund realizes in the year of such dispositions and by any available capital loss carryforwards, will generally be distributed to shareholders as capital gain dividends (to the extent of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) or ordinary dividends (to the extent of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) during or with respect to such year, and such distributions will generally be taxable to Common Shareholders. In addition, the Fund’s purchase of tendered Common Shares pursuant to an Eligible Tender Offer will generally have tax consequences for tendering Common Shareholders and may have tax consequences for
non-tendering
Common Shareholders. See “Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” below.
 
39

The purchase of Common Shares by the Fund pursuant to an Eligible Tender Offer will have the effect of increasing the proportionate interest in the Fund of
non-tendering
Common Shareholders. All Common Shareholders remaining after an Eligible Tender Offer will be subject to any increased risks associated with the reduction in the Fund’s assets resulting from payment for any tendered Common Shares, such as greater volatility due to decreased diversification and proportionately higher expenses. The reduced assets of the Fund as a result of an Eligible Tender Offer may result in less investment flexibility for the Fund and may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s investment performance. Such reduction in the Fund’s assets may also cause Common Shares of the Fund to become thinly traded or otherwise negatively impact secondary trading of Common Shares. A reduction in assets, and the corresponding increase in the Fund’s expense ratio, could result in lower returns and put the Fund at a disadvantage relative to its peers and potentially cause the Common Shares to trade at a wider discount to NAV than they otherwise would.
Furthermore, the portfolio of the Fund following an Eligible Tender Offer could be significantly different and, therefore, Common Shareholders retaining an investment in the Fund could be subject to greater risk. For example, the Fund may be required to sell its more liquid, higher quality portfolio investments to purchase Common Shares that are tendered in an Eligible Tender Offer, which would leave a less liquid, lower quality portfolio for remaining shareholders. The prospects of an Eligible Tender Offer may attract arbitrageurs who would purchase the Common Shares prior to the tender offer for the sole purpose of tendering those shares which could have the effect of exacerbating the risks described herein for shareholders retaining an investment in the Fund following an Eligible Tender Offer.
The Fund is not required to conduct an Eligible Tender Offer. If the Fund conducts an Eligible Tender Offer, there can be no assurance that the payment for tendered Common Shares would not result in the Fund having aggregate net assets below the Dissolution Threshold, in which case the Eligible Tender Offer will be canceled, no Common Shares will be repurchased pursuant to the Eligible Tender Offer and the Fund will liquidate on the Dissolution Date (subject to possible extension). Following the consummation of an Eligible Tender Offer in which the payment for tendered Common Shares would result in the Fund having aggregate net assets greater than or equal to the Dissolution Threshold, the Board may, by a Board Action Vote, eliminate the Dissolution Date without shareholder approval and provide for the Fund’s perpetual existence. Thereafter, the Fund will have a perpetual existence. There is no guarantee that the Board will eliminate the Dissolution Date following the consummation of an Eligible Tender Offer so that the Fund will have a perpetual existence. FTFA may have a conflict of interest in recommending to the Board that the Dissolution Date be eliminated and the Fund have a perpetual existence. The Fund is not required to conduct additional tender offers following an Eligible Tender Offer and conversion to perpetual existence. Therefore, remaining Common Shareholders may not have another opportunity to participate in a tender offer. Shares of
closed-end
management investment companies frequently trade at a discount from their NAV, and as a result remaining Common Shareholders may only be able to sell their shares at a discount to NAV.
Although it is anticipated that the Fund will have distributed substantially all of its net assets to shareholders as soon as practicable after the Dissolution Date, assets for which no market exists or assets trading at depressed prices, if any, may be placed in a liquidating trust. Assets placed in a liquidating trust may be held for an indefinite period of time, potentially several years or longer, until they can be sold or pay out all of their cash flows. During such time, the shareholders will continue to be exposed to the risks associated with the Fund and the value of their interest in the liquidating trust will fluctuate with the value of the liquidating trust’s remaining assets.
Additionally, the tax treatment of the liquidating trust will generally differ from the tax treatment of the Fund. To the extent the costs associated with a liquidating trust exceed the value of the remaining assets, the liquidating trust trustees may determine to dispose of the remaining assets in a manner of their choosing. The Fund cannot predict the amount, if any, of assets that will be required to be placed in a liquidating trust or how long it will take to sell or otherwise dispose of such assets.
Investment and Market Risk
An investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of the entire amount that you invest. An investment in our Common Shares is not intended to constitute a complete investment program and should not be viewed as such. The value of the Fund’s portfolio securities may move up or down, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. At any point in time, your securities may be worth less than your original investment. We are primarily a long-term investment vehicle and should not be used for short-term trading.
Market Price Discount from Net Asset Value Risk
 
40

Shares of
closed-end
investment companies frequently trade at a discount to their net asset value. This characteristic is a risk separate and distinct from the risk that our net asset value could decrease as a result of the Fund’s investment activities and may be greater for investors expecting to sell their shares in a relatively short period following completion of any offering under this Prospectus. Although the value of the Fund’s net assets is generally considered by market participants in determining whether to purchase or sell shares, whether investors will realize gains or losses upon the sale of the Common Shares depends upon whether the market price of the Common Shares at the time of sale is above or below the investor’s purchase price for the Common Shares. Because the market price of the Common Shares is affected by factors such as net asset value, dividend or distribution levels (which are dependent, in part, on expenses), supply of and demand for the Common Shares, stability of distributions, trading volume of the Common Shares, general market and economic conditions, and other factors beyond our control, the Fund cannot predict whether the Common Shares will trade at, below or above net asset value or at, below or above the offering price. The Common Shares are designed primarily for long-term investors and you should not view the Fund as a vehicle for trading purposes.
Portfolio Management Risk
The value of your investment may decrease if Western Asset’s judgment about the quality, relative yield, value or market trends affecting a particular security, asset class, industry, sector or region, or about interest rates, is incorrect or does not produce the desired results, or if there are imperfections, errors or limitations in the models, tools and data used by Western Asset. For example, high yield bonds tend to be more susceptible to credit downgrades and may be difficult to value, and Western Asset’s judgment about the relative yield or value of a high yield security may be incorrect or subject to change. While Western Asset will seek to dynamically allocate the Fund’s portfolio to sectors and investments they consider undervalued and away from sectors and investments that they consider overvalued, there is no assurance that such allocation will produce the desired results. In addition, Western Asset’s allocation process may result in limited allocation between sectors and investments if, in the opinion of Western Asset, any such allocation would not produce the desired results given current market conditions. In addition, the Fund’s investment strategies or policies may change from time to time. Those changes may not lead to the results intended by the subadvisers and could have an adverse effect on the value or performance of the Fund.
Market and Interest Rate Risk
The market prices of the Fund’s securities and assets may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably. If the market prices of the Fund’s investments fall, the value of your investment in the fund will decline. The market price of an investment may fall due to general market conditions, such as real or perceived adverse economic or political conditions, tariffs and trade disruptions, inflation, changes in interest or currency rates, lack of liquidity in the bond markets or adverse investor sentiment. Changes in market conditions will not typically have the same impact on all types of investments. The market price of a security or asset may also fall due to specific conditions that affect a particular sector of the securities market, asset class or issuer. The net asset value of your Fund shares at any point in time may be worth less than what you invested, even after taking into account the reinvestment of fund dividends and distributions.
The market prices of securities and assets may fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. When interest rates rise, the value of fixed income securities held by the Fund generally goes down. Generally, the longer the maturity or duration of a fixed income security, the greater the impact of a rise in interest rates on the security’s market price. However, calculations of duration and maturity may be based on estimates and may not reliably predict a security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Moreover, securities can change in value in response to other factors, such as credit risk. In addition, different interest rate measures (such as short- and long-term interest rates and
U.S. and non-U.S. interest rates),
or interest rates on different types of securities or securities of different issuers, may not necessarily change in the same amount or in the same direction. When interest rates go down, the Fund’s yield will decline. Also, when interest rates decline, investments made by the Fund may pay a lower interest rate, which would reduce the income received by the Fund.
Credit Risk
The value of your investment in the Fund could decline if the issuer of a security held by the Fund or another obligor for that security (such as a party offering credit enhancement) or a counterparty to a financial contract with the Fund fails to pay, otherwise defaults, is perceived to be less creditworthy, becomes insolvent or files for bankruptcy. The value of your investment in the Fund could also decline if the credit rating of a security held by the
 
41

Fund is downgraded or the credit quality or value of any assets underlying the security or financial contract declines. If the Fund enters into financial contracts (such as certain derivatives, repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, and when-issued, delayed delivery and forward commitment transactions), the Fund will be subject to the credit risk presented by the counterparty and any custodian of Fund assets. In addition, the Fund may incur expenses in an effort to protect the Fund interests or to enforce its rights against an issuer, guarantor, counterparty or any custodian or may be hindered or delayed in exercising those rights. Credit risk is broadly gauged by the credit ratings of the securities in which the Fund invests and the credit ratings of counterparties to financial contracts with the Fund. However, ratings are only the opinions of the companies issuing them and are not guarantees as to quality. Securities rated in the lowest category of investment grade (Baa/BBB) may possess certain speculative characteristics. Credit risk is typically greatest for the Fund’s high yield debt securities, which are rated below the Baa/BBB categories or unrated securities of comparable quality (“junk” bonds).
The Fund may invest in securities which are subordinated to more senior securities of the issuer, or which represent interests in pools of such subordinated securities. The Fund is more likely to suffer a credit loss on subordinated securities than on
non-subordinated
securities of the same issuer. If there is a default, bankruptcy or liquidation of the issuer, most subordinated securities are paid only if sufficient assets remain after payment of the
issuer’s non-subordinated securities.
In addition, any recovery of interest or principal may take more time. As a result, even a perceived decline in creditworthiness of the issuer is likely to have a greater adverse impact on subordinated securities.
High Yield (“Junk”) Bonds Risk
High yield bonds, often called “junk” bonds, have a higher risk of issuer default or may be in default and are considered speculative. Changes in economic conditions or developments regarding the individual issuer are more likely to cause price volatility and weaken the capacity of such securities to make principal and interest payments than is the case for higher grade debt securities. The value of lower-quality debt securities often fluctuates in response to company, political, or economic developments and can decline significantly over short as well as long periods of time or during periods of general or regional economic difficulty. High yield bonds may also have lower liquidity as compared to higher-rated securities, which means the Fund may have difficulty selling them at times, and it may have to apply a greater degree of judgment in establishing a price for purposes of valuing fund shares. High yield bonds generally are issued by less creditworthy issuers. Issuers of high yield bonds may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade bonds. In the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, claims of other creditors may have priority over the claims of high yield bond holders, leaving few or no assets available to repay high yield bond holders. The Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer. High yield bonds frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from the Fund before it matures. If the issuer redeems high yield bonds, the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in bonds with lower yields and may lose income.
Mortgage-Backed and Asset-Backed Securities Risk
Mortgage-backed securities are particularly susceptible to prepayment and extension risks, because prepayments on the underlying mortgages tend to increase when interest rates fall and decrease when interest rates rise. Prepayments may also occur on a scheduled basis or due to foreclosure. When market interest rates increase, mortgage refinancings and prepayments slow, which lengthens the effective duration of these securities. As a result, the negative effect of the interest rate increase on the market value of mortgage-backed securities is usually more pronounced than it is for other types of fixed income securities, potentially increasing the volatility of the Fund. Conversely, when market interest rates decline, while the value of mortgage-backed securities may increase, the rates of prepayment of the underlying mortgages tend to increase, which shortens the effective duration of these securities. Mortgage-backed securities are also subject to the risk that underlying borrowers will be unable to meet their obligations.
At times, some of the mortgage-backed securities in which the Fund may invest will have higher than market interest rates and therefore will be purchased at a premium above their par value. Prepayments may cause losses on securities purchased at a premium.
The value of mortgage-backed securities may be affected by changes in credit quality or value of the mortgage loans or other assets that support the securities. In addition, for mortgage-backed securities, when market conditions result in an increase in the default rates on the underlying mortgages and the foreclosure values of the underlying
 
42

real estate are below the outstanding amount of the underlying mortgages, collection of the full amount of accrued interest and principal on these investments may be doubtful. For mortgage derivatives and structured securities that have embedded leverage features, small changes in interest or prepayment rates may cause large and sudden price movements. Mortgage derivatives can also become illiquid and hard to value in declining markets.
Asset-backed securities are structured like mortgage-backed securities and are subject to many of the same risks. The ability of an issuer of asset-backed securities to enforce its security interest in the underlying assets or to otherwise recover from the underlying obligor may be limited. Certain asset-backed securities present a heightened level of risk because, in the event of default, the liquidation value of the underlying assets may be inadequate to pay any unpaid principal or interest.
Credit Risk Associated With Investments in Mortgage Whole Loans
The holder of residential and commercial mortgages assumes the risk that the related borrowers may default on their obligations to make full and timely payments of principal and interest. In general, these investments carry greater investment risk than agency RMBS/CMBS because the former are not guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government, any federal agency or any federally chartered corporation. As a result, a mortgage whole loan is directly exposed to losses resulting from default and foreclosure. Therefore, the value of the underlying property, the creditworthiness and financial position of the borrower, and the priority and enforceability of the lien are each of great importance. Whether or not FTFA, Western Asset or their affiliates have participated in the negotiation of the terms of any such mortgages, there can be no assurance as to the adequacy of the protection of the terms of the loan, including the validity or enforceability of the loan and the maintenance of the anticipated priority and perfection of the applicable security interests. Furthermore, claims may be asserted that might interfere with enforcement of the rights of the Fund. In the event of a foreclosure, the Fund may assume direct ownership of the underlying real estate. The liquidation proceeds upon sale of such real estate may not be sufficient to recover the Fund’s cost basis in the loan, resulting in a loss to the Fund. Any costs or delays involved in the effectuation of a foreclosure of the loan or a liquidation of the underlying property will further reduce the proceeds and thus increase the loss.
Higher-than-expected rates of default and/or higher-than-expected loss severities on these investments could adversely affect the value of these assets. Accordingly, defaults in the payment of principal and/or interest on the Fund’s residential and commercial whole loans would likely result in the Fund incurring losses of income from, and/or losses in market value relating to, these assets, which could materially adversely affect the Fund’s results of operations.
Holders of residential and commercial whole loans are subject to the risk that the related borrowers may default or have defaulted on their obligations to make full and timely payments of principal and interest. A number of factors impact a borrower’s ability to repay including, among other things, changes in employment status, changes in interest rates or the availability of credit, and changes in real estate values. In addition to the credit risk associated with these assets, residential and commercial whole loans are less liquid than certain of the Fund’s other credit sensitive assets, which may make them more difficult to dispose of if the need or desire arises. If actual results are different from the Fund’s assumptions in determining the prices paid to acquire such loans, particularly if the market value of the underlying properties decreases significantly subsequent to purchase, we may incur significant losses, which could materially adversely affect the Fund’s results.
Servicing-Related Risks of Mortgage Whole Loans
To the extent the Fund invests in mortgage whole loans, third-party service providers may be utilized to service and manage the mortgages underlying the Fund’s loan portfolio. The ultimate returns generated by these investments may depend on the quality of the servicer. If a servicer is not vigilant in seeing that borrowers make their required monthly payments, borrowers may be less likely to make these payments, resulting in a higher frequency of default. If a servicer takes longer to liquidate
non-performing
mortgages, the Fund’s losses related to those loans may be higher than originally anticipated. Any failure by servicers to service these mortgages and/or to competently manage and dispose of properties could negatively impact the value of these investments and the Fund’s financial performance. In addition, while we may have contracted with third-party servicers to carry out the actual servicing of the loans (including all direct interface with the borrowers), for loans that we purchase together with the related servicing rights, we are nevertheless ultimately responsible,
vis-à-vis
the borrowers and state and federal regulators, for ensuring that the loans are serviced in accordance with the terms of the related notes and mortgages and applicable law and regulation. In light of the current regulatory environment, such exposure could be
 
43

significant even though we might have contractual claims against the Fund’s servicers for any failure to service the loans to the required standard.
The foreclosure process, especially in judicial foreclosure states such as New York, Florida and New Jersey, can be lengthy and expensive, and the delays and costs involved in completing a foreclosure, and then subsequently liquidating the property through sale, may materially increase any related loss. In addition, at such time as title is taken to a foreclosed property, it may require more extensive rehabilitation than we estimated at acquisition. Thus, a material amount of foreclosed residential mortgage loans, particularly in the states mentioned above, could result in significant losses in the Fund’s residential and commercial whole loan portfolio and could materially adversely affect the Fund’s results of operations.
Prepayment Risk Associated With Investments in Mortgage Whole Loans
The residential and commercial whole loans we acquire are backed by pools of residential and commercial mortgage loans. We receive payments, generally, from the payments that are made on these underlying residential and commercial mortgage loans. While commercial mortgages frequently include limitations on the ability of the borrower to prepay, Residential and Commercial mortgages generally do not. When borrowers prepay their residential and commercial mortgage loans at rates that are faster than expected, the net result is prepayments that are faster than expected on the residential and commercial whole loans. These faster than expected payments may adversely affect the Fund’s profitability.
The Fund may purchase residential and commercial whole loans that have a higher interest rate than the then prevailing market interest rate. In exchange for this higher interest rate, the Fund may pay a premium to par value to acquire the asset. In accordance with accounting rules, the Fund amortizes this premium over the expected term of the asset based on the Fund’s prepayment assumptions. If the asset is prepaid in whole or in part at a faster than expected rate, however, the Fund must expense all or a part of the remaining unamortized portion of the premium that was paid at the time of the purchase, which will adversely affect the Fund’s profitability.
Prepayment rates generally increase when interest rates fall and decrease when interest rates rise, but changes in prepayment rates are difficult to predict. House price appreciation, while increasing the value of the collateral underlying the Fund’s residential and commercial whole loans, may increase prepayment rates as borrowers may be able to refinance at more favorable terms. Prepayments can also occur when borrowers default on their residential and commercial mortgages and the mortgages are prepaid from the proceeds of a foreclosure sale of the property (an involuntary prepayment), or when borrowers sell the property and use the sale proceeds to prepay the mortgage as part of a physical relocation. Prepayment rates also may be affected by conditions in the housing and financial markets, increasing defaults on Residential and Commercial mortgage loans, which could lead to an acceleration of the payment of the related principal, general economic conditions and the relative interest rates on fixed-rate mortgages and ARMs. While the Fund seeks to manage prepayment risk, in selecting residential and commercial whole loans investments the Fund must balance prepayment risk against other risks, the potential returns of each investment and the cost of hedging the Fund’s risks. No strategy can completely insulate us from prepayment or other such risks, and the Fund may deliberately retain exposure to prepayment or other risks.
In addition, a decrease in prepayment rates may adversely affect the Fund’s profitability. When borrowers prepay their residential and commercial mortgage loans at slower than expected rates, prepayments on the residential and commercial whole loans may be slower than expected. These slower than expected payments may adversely affect the Fund’s profitability. The Fund may purchase residential and commercial whole loans that have a lower interest rate than the then prevailing market interest rate. In exchange for this lower interest rate, the Fund may pay a discount to par value to acquire the asset. In accordance with accounting rules, the Fund accretes this discount over the expected term of the asset based on the Fund’s prepayment assumptions. If the asset is prepaid at a slower than expected rate, however, the Fund must accrete the remaining portion of the discount at a slower than expected rate. This will extend the expected life of the asset and result in a lower than expected yield on assets purchased at a discount to par.
Geographic Concentration Risk Associated with Residential and Commercial Whole Loans
The Fund’s performance depends on the economic conditions in markets in which the properties securing the mortgage loans underlying the Fund’s investments are concentrated. The Fund’s financial condition, results of operations, the market price of the Fund’s Common Shares and the Fund’s ability to make distributions to the Fund’s shareholders could be materially and adversely affected by any geographic concentration if market
 
44

conditions, such as an oversupply of space or a reduction in demand for real estate in an area, deteriorate. Moreover, due to any geographic concentration of properties securing the mortgages underlying the Fund’s investments, the Fund may be disproportionately affected by general risks such as natural disasters, including major wildfires, floods and earthquakes, severe or inclement weather, and acts of terrorism should such developments occur in or near the markets in which such properties are located.
Other Risks Associated with Mortgage Whole Loans
Mortgage whole loans have risks above and beyond those discussed above. For example, mortgage whole loans are subject to “special hazard” risk (property damage caused by hazards, such as earthquakes or environmental hazards, not covered by standard property insurance policies) and to bankruptcy risk (reduction in a borrower’s mortgage debt by a bankruptcy court). In addition, claims may be assessed against the Fund on account of its position as mortgage holder or property owner, including responsibility for tax payments, environmental hazards and other liabilities.
Credit Risk Associated with Originators and Servicers of Residential and Commercial Mortgage Loans
A number of originators and servicers of residential and commercial mortgage loans, including some of the largest originators and servicers in the residential and commercial mortgage loan market, have experienced serious financial difficulties, including some that are now subject to federal insolvency proceedings. These difficulties have resulted from many factors, including increased competition among originators for borrowers, decreased originations by such originators of mortgage loans and increased delinquencies and defaults on such mortgage loans, as well as from increases in claims for repurchases of mortgage loans previously sold by them under agreements that require repurchase in the event of breaches of representations regarding loan quality and characteristics. Furthermore, the inability of the originator to repurchase such mortgage loans in the event of loan representation breaches or the servicer to repurchase such mortgage loans upon a breach of its servicing obligations also may affect the performance of related
non-agency
RMBS. Many of these originators and servicers are very highly leveraged. These difficulties may also increase the chances that these entities may default on their warehousing or other credit lines or become insolvent or bankrupt thereby increasing both the likelihood that repurchase obligations will not be fulfilled and the potential for loss to holders of
non-agency
RMBS and subordinated security holders.
Subprime Mortgage Market Risk
The residential mortgage market in the United States in the past has experienced difficulties that, should similar conditions occur in the
future
, may adversely affect the performance and market value of certain mortgages and mortgage-related securities. Delinquencies and losses on residential mortgage loans (especially subprime and second-line mortgage loans) may increase, and a decline in or flattening of housing values may exacerbate such delinquencies and losses. Borrowers with adjustable rate mortgage loans are more sensitive to changes in interest rates, which affect their monthly mortgage payments, and may be unable to secure replacement mortgages at comparably low interest rates. Any significant reduction in investor demand for mortgage loans and mortgage-related securities or increase in investor yield requirements may cause limited liquidity in the secondary market for mortgage-related securities, which could adversely affect the market value of mortgage-related securities. If the economy of the United States were to deteriorate, the incidence of mortgage foreclosures, especially subprime mortgages, could increase, which may adversely affect the value of any RMBS owned by the Fund.
Derivatives Risk
Using derivatives can increase Fund losses and reduce opportunities for gains when market prices, interest rates, currencies, or the derivatives themselves behave in a way not anticipated by the Fund. Using derivatives also can have a leveraging effect and increase Fund volatility. Certain derivatives have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. Derivatives may not be available at the time or price desired, may be difficult to sell, unwind or value, and the counterparty may default on its obligations to the Fund. Derivatives are generally subject to the risks applicable to the assets, rates, indices or other indicators underlying the derivative and the credit risk of the counterparty to the derivative transaction. The value of a derivative may fluctuate more than the underlying assets, rates, indices or other indicators to which it relates. Use of derivatives may have different tax consequences for the Fund than an investment in the underlying asset or index, and those differences may affect the amount, timing and character of income distributed to shareholders. The U.S. government and foreign governments and their respective financial regulators are in the process of adopting and implementing regulations governing derivatives markets, including mandatory clearing of certain derivatives, margin and reporting requirements, among
 
45

others. The ultimate impact of the regulations remains unclear. Additional regulation of derivatives may make derivatives more costly, limit their availability or utility, otherwise adversely affect their performance or disrupt markets.
 
   
Risks associated with the use of futures contracts include: (a) the imperfect correlation between the change in market value of the instruments held by the Fund and the price of the futures contract; (b) the possible lack of a liquid secondary market for a futures contract and the resulting inability to close a futures contract when desired; (c) the inability to replace an expiring futures contract with an equivalent futures contract that has a later expiration at the desired time and price; (d) losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited; (e) Western Asset’s inability to predict correctly the direction of asset prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates, the levels of indices or other indicators and other economic factors; and (f) the possibility that the counterparty will default in the performance of its obligations.
 
   
When the Fund purchases an option, it may lose the total premium paid for it if the price of the underlying security or other assets decreased, remained the same or failed to increase to a level at or beyond the exercise price (in the case of a call option) or increased, remained the same or failed to decrease to a level at or below the exercise price (in the case of a put option). If a put or call option purchased by the Fund were permitted to expire without being sold or exercised, its premium would represent a loss to the Fund. To the extent that the Fund writes or sells an option, in particular a naked option, if the decline or increase in the underlying asset is significantly below or above the exercise price of the written option, the Fund could experience a substantial loss. For the writer of a naked or uncovered call option, the potential loss is unlimited.
 
   
Successful use of forward currency contracts depends on the portfolio manager’s skill in analyzing and predicting currency values, among other factors. Forward currency contracts may substantially change the Fund’s exposure to changes in currency exchange rates and could result in losses to the Fund if currencies do not perform as the portfolio manager anticipates. There is no assurance that the portfolio manager’s use of forward currency contracts will be advantageous to the Fund or that the portfolio manager will hedge at an appropriate time.
 
   
Warrants are subject similar market risks as stocks, but may be more volatile in price. An investment in warrants may be considered speculative. In addition, the value of a warrant does not necessarily commensurately with the value of the underlying securities and a warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to its expiration date.
 
   
Swap agreements used for hedging purposes may shift the Fund’s investment exposure from one type of investment to another. For example, if an interest rate swap intended to be used as a hedge negates a favorable interest rate movement, the investment performance of the Fund would be worse than what it would have been if the Fund had not entered into the interest rate swap.
 
   
Swap agreements involve heightened risks and may result in losses to the Fund. Swaps may be illiquid and difficult to value, and may increase the aggregate market and credit risk to the Fund. For example, when the Fund sells credit protection on a debt security via a credit default swap, credit risk increases since the Fund has exposure to the issuer whose credit is the subject of the swap, the counterparty to the swap, and in certain circumstances, the custodian of swap collateral.
Effective August 19, 2022, the Fund began operating under Rule
18f-4
under the 1940 Act which, among other things, governs the use of derivative investments and certain financing transactions (e.g. reverse repurchase agreements) by registered investment companies. Among other things, Rule
18f-4
requires funds that invest in derivative instruments beyond a specified limited amount to apply a value at risk (VaR) based limit to their use of certain derivative instruments and financing transactions and to adopt and implement a derivatives risk management program. A fund that uses derivative instruments in a limited amount is not subject to the full requirements of Rule
18f-4.
Compliance with Rule
18f-4
by the Fund could, among other things, make derivatives more costly, limit their
 
46

availability or utility, or otherwise adversely affect their performance. Rule
18f-4
may limit the Fund’s ability to use derivatives as part of its investment strategy.
Leverage Risk
The Fund’s use of leverage will magnify investment, market and certain other risks. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for holders of the Common Shares including: the likelihood of greater volatility of net asset value and market price of the Common Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage; the risk that fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings and short-term debt or in the dividend rates on any Preferred Shares that the Fund may pay will reduce the return to Common Shareholders or will result in fluctuations in the dividends paid on the Common Shares; the effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the net asset value of the Common Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged, which may result in a greater decline in the market price of the Common Shares; and when the Fund uses leverage, the investment advisory fee payable by the Fund to FTFA (and by FTFA to Western Asset) will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage.
The use of borrowing, reverse repurchase agreements and derivatives, as well as the issuance of Preferred Shares, creates leverage (
i.e.
, a fund’s investment exposures exceed its net asset value). Leverage increases a fund’s losses when the value of its investments (including derivatives) declines. Because many derivatives have a leverage component (
i.e.
, a notional value in excess of the assets needed to establish or maintain the derivative position), adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, rate, or index may result in a loss substantially greater than the amount required to establish the derivative position.
Illiquidity Risk
Illiquidity risk exists when particular investments are impossible or difficult to sell and some assets that the Fund wants to invest in may be impossible or difficult to purchase. Markets may become illiquid when, for instance, there are few, if any, interested buyers or sellers or when dealers are unwilling or unable to make a market for certain assets. As a general matter, dealers recently have been less willing to make markets for fixed income securities. Recent federal banking regulations may also cause certain dealers to reduce their inventories of certain securities, which may further decrease the ability to buy or sell such securities. When the Fund holds illiquid investments, the portfolio may be harder to value, especially in changing markets, and if the Fund is forced to sell these investments for cash needs, the Fund may suffer a loss. The liquidity of certain assets, particularly of privately-issued and
non-investment
grade mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities, may be difficult to ascertain and may change over time. Transactions in less liquid or illiquid securities may entail transaction costs that are higher than those for transactions in liquid securities. Further, such securities, once sold, may not settle for an extended period (for example, several weeks or even longer). The Fund will not receive its sales proceeds until that time, which may constrain the Fund’s ability to meet its obligations.
Foreign Investment and Emerging Markets Risk
The Fund’s investments in securities of foreign issuers or issuers with significant exposure to foreign markets involve additional risk as compared to investment in U.S. securities or issuers with predominantly domestic exposure, such as less liquid, less regulated, less transparent and more volatile markets. The markets for some foreign securities are relatively new, and the rules and policies relating to these markets are not fully developed and may change. The value of the Fund’s investments may decline because of factors affecting the particular issuer as well as foreign markets and issuers generally, such as unfavorable or unsuccessful government actions, tariffs and tax disputes, reduction of government or central bank support, inadequate accounting standards, lack of information and political, economic, financial or social instability. Foreign investments may also be adversely affected by U.S. government or international economic sanctions, which could eliminate the value of an investment. To the extent the Fund focuses its investments in a single country or only a few countries in a particular geographic region, economic, political, regulatory or other conditions affecting such country or region may have a greater impact on Fund performance relative to a more geographically diversified fund.
The value of the Fund’s foreign investments may also be affected by foreign tax laws, special U.S. tax considerations and restrictions on receiving the investment proceeds from a foreign country. Dividends or interest on, or proceeds from the sale or disposition of, foreign securities may be subject to
non-U.S.
withholding or other taxes.
It may be difficult for the Fund to pursue claims against a foreign issuer or other parties in the courts of a foreign country. Some securities issued by
non-U.S.
governments or their subdivisions, agencies and
 
47

instrumentalities may not be backed by the full faith and credit of such governments. Even where a security is backed by the full faith and credit of a government, it may be difficult for the Fund to pursue its rights against the government. In the past, some
non-U.S.
governments have defaulted on principal and interest payments. In certain foreign markets, settlement and clearance procedures may result in delays in payment for or delivery of securities not typically associated with settlement and clearance of U.S. investments.
If the Fund buys securities or makes other investments denominated in a foreign currency, receives income in foreign currencies, or holds foreign currencies from time to time, the value of the Fund’s assets, as measured in U.S. dollars, can be affected unfavorably by changes in exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar or other foreign currencies. Currency exchange rates can be volatile, and are affected by factors such as general economic conditions, the actions of the U.S. and foreign governments or central banks, the imposition of currency controls and speculation.
In certain foreign markets, settlement and clearance of trades may experience delays in payment for or delivery of securities not typically associated with settlement and clearance of U.S. investments. Settlement of trades in these markets can take longer than in other markets and the Fund may not receive its proceeds from the sale of certain securities for an extended period (possibly several weeks or even longer) due to, among other factors, low trading volumes and volatile prices. The custody or holding of securities, cash and other assets by local banks, agents and depositories in securities markets outside the United States may entail additional risks. Governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that may not be subject to independent evaluation. Local agents are held only to the standards of care of their local markets, and thus may be subject to limited or no government oversight. In extreme cases, the Fund’s securities may be misappropriated or the Fund may be unable to sell its securities. In general, the less developed a country’s securities market is, the greater the likelihood of custody problems.
The risks of foreign investments are heightened when investing in issuers in emerging market countries. Emerging market countries tend to have economic, political and legal systems that are less developed and are less stable than those of more developed countries. They are often particularly sensitive to market movements because their market prices tend to reflect speculative expectations. Low trading volumes may result in a lack of liquidity and in extreme price volatility. Investors should expect to need to be able to tolerate sudden, sometimes substantial, fluctuations in the value of investments in emerging markets. Emerging market countries may have policies that restrict investment by foreigners or that prevent foreign investors from withdrawing their money at will.
Foreign Custody and Settlement Risk
Foreign custody risk refers to the risks inherent in the process of clearing and settling trades and to the holding of securities, cash and other assets by local banks, agents and depositories in securities markets outside the United States. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle, and governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that may not be subject to independent evaluation. Local agents are held only to the standards of care of their local markets, and thus may be subject to limited or no government oversight. In an extreme case, the Fund’s securities may be misappropriated or the Fund may be unable to sell its securities. In general, the less developed a country’s securities market is, the greater the likelihood of custody problems. Settlement of trades in these markets can take longer than in other markets and the Fund may not receive its proceeds from the sale of certain securities for an extended period (possibly several weeks or even longer).
Foreign Currency Risk
The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies increases or decreases as the rates of exchange between those currencies and the U.S. dollar change. Currency conversion costs and currency fluctuations could erase investment gains or add to investment losses. Currency exchange rates can be volatile, and are affected by factors such as general economic conditions, the actions of the U.S. and foreign governments or central banks, the imposition of currency controls and speculation. The Fund may be unable or may choose not to hedge its foreign currency exposure.
 
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LIBOR Risk
The Fund’s investments, payment obligations, and financing terms may be based on floating rates, such as the London Interbank Offered
Rate
, or “LIBOR,” which was the offered rate for short-term Eurodollar deposits between major international banks. In 2017, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) announced its intention to cease compelling banks to provide the quotations needed to sustain LIBOR after 2021. In addition, global regulators have announced that, with limited exceptions, no new LIBOR-based contracts should be entered into after 2021. Actions by regulators have resulted in the establishment of alternative reference rates to LIBOR in most major currencies. In March 2022, the U.S. federal government enacted legislation to establish a process for replacing LIBOR in certain existing contracts that do not already provide for the use of a clearly defined or practicable replacement benchmark rate as described in the legislation. Generally speaking, for contracts that do not contain a fallback provision as described in the legislation, a benchmark replacement recommended by the Federal Reserve Board effectively automatically replaced the USD LIBOR benchmark in the contract upon LIBOR’s cessation at the end of June 2023. The recommended benchmark replacement is based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, including certain spread adjustments and benchmark replacement conforming changes. Various financial industry groups have been planning for the transition away from LIBOR, but there remains uncertainty regarding the impact of the transition from LIBOR on the Fund’s transactions and the financial markets generally. The transition away from LIBOR may lead to increased volatility and illiquidity in markets that rely on LIBOR and may adversely affect the Fund’s performance. The transition may also result in a reduction in the value of certain LIBOR-based investments held by the Fund or reduce the effectiveness of related transactions such as hedges. Any such effects of the transition away from LIBOR, as well as other unforeseen effects, could result in losses for the Fund.
Risk of Increases in Expenses
Your actual costs of investing in the Fund may be higher than the expenses shown in the Summary of Fund Expenses. For example, expenses may be higher if the Fund’s average net assets decrease. Net assets are more likely to decrease and Fund expense ratios are more likely to increase when markets are volatile.
Prepayment or Call Risk
Many fixed income securities give the issuer the option to repay or call the security prior to its maturity date. Issuers often exercise this right when interest rates fall. Accordingly, if the Fund holds a fixed income security subject to prepayment or call risk, it will not benefit fully from the increase in value that other fixed income securities generally experience when interest rates fall. Upon prepayment of the security, the Fund would also be forced to reinvest the proceeds at then current yields, which would be lower than the yield of the security that was paid off. In addition, if the Fund purchases a fixed income security at a premium (at a price that exceeds its stated par or principal value), the Fund may lose the amount of the premium paid in the event of prepayment.
Extension Risk
When interest rates rise, repayments of fixed income securities, particularly asset- and mortgage- backed securities, may occur more slowly than anticipated, extending the effective duration of these fixed income securities at below market interest rates and causing their market prices to decline more than they would have declined due to the rise in interest rates alone. This may cause the Fund’s share price to be more volatile.
Risk of Investing in Related or Fewer Issuers or Counterparties
To the extent the Fund invests its assets in a small number of issuers, or trades with a small number of counterparties, or in issuers or counterparties in related businesses or that are subject to related operating risks, the Fund will be more susceptible to negative events affecting those issuers or counterparties.
Valuation Risk
Many factors may influence the price at which the Fund could sell any particular portfolio investment. The sales price may well differ—higher or lower—from the Fund’s last valuation, and such differences could be significant, particularly for illiquid assets and assets that trade in relatively thin markets and/or markets that experience extreme volatility. If market conditions make it difficult to value some investments, the Fund may value
 
49

these investments using more subjective methods, such as fair value methodologies. The value
of non-U.S. securities
or other investments, certain fixed income securities and currencies, as applicable, may be materially affected by events after the close of the markets in which they are traded, but before the Fund determines its net asset value. The Fund’s ability to value its investments may also be impacted by technological issues and/or errors by pricing services or other third party service providers. The valuation of the Fund’s investments involves subjective judgment.
Issuer Risk
The value of fixed income securities may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods and services.
Reinvestment Risk
Reinvestment risk is the risk that income from the Fund’s portfolio will decline if and when the Fund invests the proceeds from matured, traded or called bonds at market interest rates that are below the portfolio’s current earnings rate. A decline in income could affect the market price of the Fund’s Common Shares or your overall returns.
Market Events Risk
The market values of securities or other assets will fluctuate, sometimes sharply and unpredictably, due to factors such as economic events, governmental actions or intervention, actions taken by the U.S. Federal Reserve or foreign central banks, market disruptions caused by trade disputes or other factors, political developments, armed conflicts, economic sanctions and countermeasures in response to sanctions, major cybersecurity events, the global and domestic effects of widespread or local health, weather or climate events, and other factors that may or may not be related to the issuer of the security or other asset. Economies and financial markets throughout the world are increasingly interconnected. Economic, financial or political events, trading and tariff arrangements, public health events, terrorism, wars, natural disasters and other circumstances in one country or region could have profound impacts on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries or markets directly affected, the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments may be negatively affected.
Raising the ceiling on U.S. government debt has become increasingly politicized. Any failure to increase the total amount that the U.S. government is authorized to borrow could lead to a default on U.S. government obligations, with unpredictable consequences for economies and markets in the U.S. and elsewhere. Recently, inflation and interest rates have increased and may rise further. These circumstances could adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments, impair the Fund’s ability to satisfy redemption requests, and negatively impact the Fund’s performance.
The United States and other countries are periodically involved in disputes over trade and other matters, which may result in tariffs, investment restrictions and adverse impacts on affected companies and securities. For example, the United States has imposed tariffs and other trade barriers on Chinese exports, has restricted sales of certain categories of goods to China, and has established barriers to investments in China. Trade disputes may adversely affect the economies of the United States and its trading partners, as well as companies directly or indirectly affected and financial markets generally. The United States government has prohibited U.S. persons from investing in Chinese companies designated as related to the Chinese military. These and possible future restrictions could limit the Fund’s opportunities for investment and require the sale of securities at a loss or make them illiquid. Moreover, the Chinese government is involved in a longstanding dispute with Taiwan that has included threats of invasion. If the political climate between the United States and China does not improve or continues to deteriorate, if China were to attempt unification of Taiwan by force, or if other geopolitical conflicts develop or get worse, economies, markets and individual securities may be severely affected both regionally and globally, and the value of the Fund’s assets may go down.
Cash Management and Defensive Investing Risk
The value of the investments held by the Fund for cash management or defensive investing purposes can fluctuate. Like other fixed income securities, they are subject to risk, including market, interest rate and credit risk. If the Fund holds cash uninvested, the cash will be subject to the credit risk of the depository institution holding the cash and the Fund will not earn income on the cash. If a significant amount of the Fund’s assets is used for cash
 
50

management or defensive investing purposes, the Fund will be less likely to achieve its investment objective. Defensive investing may not work as intended and the value of an investment in the Fund may still decline.
Mortgage Dollar Rolls Risk
Mortgage dollar rolls are transactions in which the Fund sells mortgage-backed securities to a dealer and simultaneously agrees to repurchase similar securities in the future at a predetermined price. The Fund’s mortgage dollar rolls could lose money if the price of the mortgage-backed securities sold falls below the agreed upon repurchase price, or if the counterparty is unable to honor the agreement. If the counterparty files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, the Fund’s right to repurchase securities may be limited. Mortgage dollar roll transactions may have a leveraging effect on the Fund, making the value of an investment in the Fund more volatile, requiring the Fund to liquidate portfolio securities when it may not be advantageous to do so and magnifying any change in the Fund’s net asset value.
Investment in Loans Risk
Investments in loans are generally subject to the same risks as investments in other types of debt obligations, including, among others, credit risk, interest rate risk, prepayment risk, and extension risk. In addition, in many cases loans are subject to the risks associated with below-investment grade securities. This means loans are often subject to significant credit risks, including a greater possibility that the borrower will be adversely affected by changes in market or economic conditions and may default or enter bankruptcy. This risk of default will increase in the event of an economic downturn or a substantial increase in interest rates (which will increase the cost of the borrower’s debt service). Transactions in loans may settle on a delayed basis. As a result, the proceeds from the sale of a loan may not be available to make additional investments. The Fund considers “junior loans” to be loans that have a junior position in an issuer’s capital structure. Because junior loans are unsecured and subordinated and thus lower in priority of payment to senior loans, they are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations of the borrower. There are no limitations on the Fund’s investments in junior loans. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Junior loans generally have greater price volatility than senior loans and may have lower liquidity as compared to senior loans. In addition, investments in loans may be difficult to value and may be illiquid. The secondary market for loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads, and extended trade settlement periods, which may increase the expenses of the Fund or cause the Fund to be unable to realize the full value of its investment in the loan, resulting in a material decline in the Fund net asset value. Opportunities to invest in loans or certain types of loans, such as senior loans, may be limited. The limited availability of loans may be due to a number of reasons, including that direct lenders may allocate only a small number of loans to new investors, including the Fund. There also may be fewer loans made or available, particularly during economic downturns. There is also a possibility that originators will not be able to sell participations in junior loans, which would create greater credit risk exposure for the holders of such loans. Bank loans may not be considered securities and therefore, the Fund may not have the protections afforded by U.S. federal securities laws with respect to such investments.
CLOs Risk
CLOs issue securities in tranches with different payment characteristics and different credit ratings. The rated tranches of securities issued by CLOs are generally assigned credit ratings by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations. The subordinated (or residual) tranches do not receive ratings. Below investment grade tranches of CLO securities typically experience a lower recovery, greater risk of loss or deferral or
non-payment
of interest than more senior tranches of the CLO.
The riskiest portion of the capital structure of a CLO is the subordinated (or residual) tranche, which bears the bulk of defaults from the loans in the CLO and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CLO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than the underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the subordinated tranche, CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults and aversion to CLO securities as a class. The risks of an investment in a CLO depend largely on the collateral and the tranche of the CLO in which the Fund invests.
 
51

The CLOs in which the Fund invests may have issued and sold debt tranches that will rank senior to the tranches in which the Fund invests. By their terms, such more senior tranches may entitle the holders to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on which the Fund is entitled to receive payments with respect to the tranches in which the Fund invests. Also, in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a CLO, holders of more senior tranches would typically be entitled to receive payment in full before the Fund receives any distribution. After repaying such senior creditors, such CLO may not have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to the Fund. In the case of tranches ranking equally with the tranches in which the Fund invests, the Fund would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such securities in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant CLO. Therefore, the Fund may not receive back the full amount of its investment in a CLO.
The transaction documents relating to the issuance of CLO securities may impose eligibility criteria on the assets of the CLO, restrict the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to trade investments and impose certain portfolio-wide asset quality requirements. These criteria, restrictions and requirements may limit the ability of the CLO’s investment manager to maximize returns on the CLO securities. In addition, other parties involved in CLOs, such as third-party credit enhancers and investors in the rated tranches, may impose requirements that have an adverse effect on the returns of the various tranches of CLO securities. Furthermore, CLO securities issuance transaction documents generally contain provisions that, in the event that certain tests are not met (generally interest coverage and over-collateralization tests at varying levels in the capital structure), proceeds that would otherwise be distributed to holders of a junior tranche must be diverted to pay down the senior tranches until such tests are satisfied. Failure (or increased likelihood of failure) of a CLO to make timely payments on a particular tranche will have an adverse effect on the liquidity and market value of such tranche.
Payments to holders of CLO securities may be subject to deferral. If cash flows generated by the underlying assets are insufficient to make all current and, if applicable, deferred payments on CLO securities, no other assets will be available for payment of the deficiency and, following realization of the underlying assets, the obligations of the borrower of the related CLO securities to pay such deficiency will be extinguished.
The market value of CLO securities may be affected by, among other things, changes in the market value of the underlying assets held by the CLO, changes in the distributions on the underlying assets, defaults and recoveries on the underlying assets, capital gains and losses on the underlying assets, prepayments on underlying assets and the availability, prices and interest rate of underlying assets. Furthermore, the leveraged nature of each subordinated class may magnify the adverse impact on such class of changes in the value of the assets, changes in the distributions on the assets, defaults and recoveries on the assets, capital gains and losses on the assets, prepayment on assets and availability, price and interest rates of assets. Finally, CLO securities are limited recourse and may not be paid in full and may be subject to up to 100% loss.
Covenant Lite Loans Risk
Covenant lite loans contain fewer maintenance covenants, or no maintenance covenants at all, than traditional loans and may not include terms that allow the lender to monitor the financial performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. This may expose the Fund to greater credit risk associated with the borrower and reduce the Fund’s ability to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. As a result, the Fund’s exposure to losses on such investments may be increased, especially during a downturn in the credit cycle.
Investment in Other Investment Companies Risk
If the Fund acquires shares of investment companies, including ones affiliated with the Fund, shareholders bear both their proportionate share of expenses in the Fund (including management and advisory fees) and, indirectly, the expenses of the investment companies (to the extent not offset by FTFA or its affiliates through waivers).
Operational Risk
Your ability to transact with the Fund or the valuation of your investment may be negatively impacted because of the operational risks arising from factors such as processing errors and human errors, inadequate or failed internal or external processes, failures in systems and technology, changes in personnel, and errors caused by third party service providers or trading counterparties. It is not possible to identify all of the operational risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls that completely eliminate or mitigate the occurrence of such failures. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.
 
52

Cybersecurity Risk
Cybersecurity incidents, both intentional and unintentional, may allow an unauthorized party to gain access to Fund assets, Fund or customer data (including private shareholder information), or proprietary information, cause the Fund, FTFA, Western Asset and/or their service providers (including, but not limited to, fund accountants, custodians,
sub-custodians,
transfer agents and financial intermediaries) to suffer data breaches, data corruption or loss of operational functionality or prevent Fund investors from receiving distributions. The Fund, FTFA and Western Asset have limited ability to prevent or mitigate cybersecurity incidents affecting third party service providers, and such third party service providers may have limited indemnification obligations to the Fund or FTFA. Cybersecurity incidents may result in financial losses to the Fund and its shareholders, and substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent any future cybersecurity incidents. Issuers of securities in which the Fund invests are also subject to cybersecurity risks, and the value of these securities could decline if the issuers experience cybersecurity incidents.
Distressed Investments Risk
Distressed investments are not publicly traded and may involve a substantial degree of risk. In certain periods, there may be little or no liquidity in the markets for these securities or instruments. In addition, the prices of such securities or instruments may be subject to periods of abrupt and erratic market movements and above-average price volatility. It may be more difficult to value such securities and the spread between the bid and asked prices of such securities may be greater than normally expected. If Western Asset’s evaluation of the risks and anticipated outcome of an investment in a distressed security should prove incorrect, the Fund may lose a substantial portion or all of its investment.
Repurchase Agreements Risk
Subject to its investment objective and policies, the Fund may invest in repurchase agreements for leverage or investment purposes. Repurchase agreements typically involve the acquisition by the Fund of debt securities from a selling financial institution such as a bank, savings and loan association or broker-dealer. The agreement provides that the Fund will sell the securities back to the institution at a fixed time in the future. The Fund does not bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security unless the seller defaults under its repurchase obligation. In the event of the bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying securities and losses, including (1) possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period in which the Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto; (2) possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this period; and (3) expenses of enforcing its rights. While repurchase agreements involve certain risks not associated with direct investments in debt securities, the Fund follows procedures approved by the Fund’s Board of Trustees that are designed to minimize such risks. These procedures include effecting repurchase transactions only with large, well-capitalized and well-established financial institutions whose financial condition will be continually monitored by Western Asset. In addition, as described above, the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the repurchase agreement. In the event of a default or bankruptcy by a selling financial institution, the Fund generally will seek to liquidate such collateral. However, the exercise of the Fund’s right to liquidate such collateral could involve certain costs or delays and, to the extent that proceeds from any sale upon a default of the obligation to repurchase were less than the repurchase price, the Fund could suffer a loss.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk
The Fund’s use of reverse repurchase agreements involves many of the same risks involved in the Fund’s use of leverage, as the proceeds from reverse repurchase agreements generally will be invested in additional securities. There is a risk that the market value of the securities acquired in the reverse repurchase agreement may decline below the price of the securities that the Fund has sold but remains obligated to repurchase. In addition, there is a risk that the market value of the securities retained by the Fund may decline. If the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement were to file for bankruptcy or experience insolvency, the Fund may be adversely affected. Also, in entering into reverse repurchase agreements, the Fund would bear the risk of loss to the extent that the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement are less than the value of the underlying securities. In addition, due to the interest costs associated with reverse repurchase agreements transactions, the Fund’s net asset value will decline, and, in some cases, the Fund may be worse off than if it had not used such instruments.
Government Intervention in Financial Markets Risk
 
53

United States federal and state governments and foreign governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations may take actions designed to support certain financial institutions and segments of the financial markets that have experienced extreme volatility, and in some cases a lack of liquidity. U.S. federal and state governments and foreign governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations may take additional actions that affect the regulation of the securities in which the Fund invests, or the issuers of such securities, in ways that are unforeseeable Issuers of corporate fixed income securities might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. Legislation or regulation may also change the way in which the Fund itself is regulated. Such legislation or regulation could limit or preclude the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objectives. Western Asset monitors developments and seeks to manage the Fund’s portfolio in a manner consistent with achieving the Fund’s investment objectives, but there can be no assurance that it will be successful in doing so.
Risks Related to Fund Distributions
Distributions paid by the Fund to its Common Shareholders are derived from the interest income and additional total return from the Fund’s investments. The total return generated by the Fund’s investments can vary widely over the short term and long term. The Fund may make
in-kind
distributions of Common Shares in order to satisfy applicable requirements of tax law. See “Risks—Tax Risks—Cash/Share Dividend Risks.”
Tax Risks
To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment generally accorded to regulated investment companies, among other things, the Fund must derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from certain prescribed sources and satisfy certain distribution and asset diversification requirements. If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits.
Risk of Taxable Income in Excess of Economic Income
. The Fund expects to acquire debt instruments in the secondary market for less than their stated redemption price at maturity (or, in the case of a debt instrument issued with original issue discount, its revised issue price). The discount at which such debt instruments are acquired may reflect doubts about their ultimate collectability rather than current market interest rates. The amount of such discount will nevertheless generally be treated as “market discount” for U.S. federal income tax purposes, unless it is less than a statutory de minimis amount. Market discount on a debt instrument accrues ratably on a daily basis, unless an election is made to accrue market discount on the basis of the constant yield to maturity of the debt instrument, in each case based generally on the assumption that all future payments on the debt instrument will be made. The Fund has made an election to include accrued market discount in income on a current basis, and accrued market discount for a debt instrument will generally have to be included in income each year as if the debt instrument were assured of ultimately being collected in full.
Similarly, debt instruments that the Fund purchases may have been issued with original issue discount (“OID”), which discount might reflect doubt as to whether the entire principal amount of such debt instruments will ultimately prove to be collectible. The Fund will be required to report such OID based on a constant yield method and income will be accrued and be currently taxable based on the assumption that all future projected payments due on such debt instruments will be made.
Finally, in the event that any debt instruments acquired by the Fund are delinquent as to mandatory principal and interest payments, or in the event payments with respect to a particular debt instrument are not made when due, the Fund may nonetheless be required to continue to recognize the unpaid interest as taxable income as it accrues, despite doubt as to its ultimate collectability.
Status as Regulated Investment Company
. As described under the heading “Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations,” the Fund must satisfy, among other requirements, an asset diversification test in order to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. Under that test, the Fund must diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of each taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s assets is represented by cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. government securities, the securities of other regulated investment companies and other securities, with such other securities of any one issuer limited for the purposes of this calculation to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its total assets is invested in the securities (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other
 
54

regulated investment companies) of a single issuer, or two or more issuers that the Fund controls and are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, or the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.
If the Fund fails to satisfy as of the close of any quarter the asset diversification test referred to in the preceding paragraph, it will have 30 days to cure the failure by, for example, selling securities that are the source of the violation. Other cure provisions are available in the Code for a failure to satisfy the asset diversification test, but any such cure provision may involve the payment of a penalty excise tax. If the Fund fails to cure an asset diversification violation, it may lose its status as a regulated investment company under the Code. In that case, all of its taxable income would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders. In addition, all distributions (including distributions of net capital gain) would be taxed to the Fund’s Common Shareholders as ordinary dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits. Accordingly, disqualification as a regulated investment company could have a material adverse effect on the value of the Fund’s Common Shares and the amount of Fund distributions.
Risks Associated with the Fund’s Ability To Satisfy Regulated Investment Company Distribution Requirements
. The Fund generally must distribute annually at least 90% of its taxable income, excluding any net capital gain, in order to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes. To the extent that the Fund satisfies this distribution requirement, but distributes less than 100% of its taxable income, including any net capital gain, the Fund will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on the Fund’s undistributed taxable income. In addition, the Fund will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax if the actual amount that the Fund distributes to its shareholders in a calendar year is less than a minimum amount specified under U.S. federal income tax laws. The Fund intends to make distributions to its shareholders to comply with the requirements of the Code and to avoid paying U.S. federal income taxes and, if practicable, excise taxes, on undistributed taxable income.
However, due to each of the potential timing differences between income recognition or expense deduction and cash receipts or disbursements, there is a significant risk that the Fund may have substantial taxable income in excess of cash available for distribution. To satisfy its distribution requirements, the Fund may sell securities that it would not otherwise desire to sell, borrow on unfavorable terms or distribute amounts that would otherwise be invested in future acquisitions, capital expenditures or repayment of debt. In addition, the Fund may make distributions in its Common Shares to satisfy the distribution requirements necessary to maintain the Fund’s treatment as a regulated investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes and to avoid U.S. federal income and excise taxes, but no assurances can be given in this regard.
Despite undertaking the efforts mentioned in the previous paragraph, the Fund may not be able to distribute the amounts necessary to satisfy the distribution requirements necessary to maintain its treatment as a regulated investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes and to avoid U.S. federal income and excise taxes. If the Fund were unable to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement or otherwise were to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company in any year, material adverse tax consequences would result to investors. The Fund would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation and distributions to the Fund’s Common Shareholders would not be deductible by the Fund in computing its taxable income. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (which could be subject to interest charges) before requalifying for taxation as a regulated investment company.
Cash/Share Dividend Risks
. The Fund may distribute taxable dividends that are payable in cash and Common Shares at the election of each Common Shareholder. Under Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) Revenue
Procedure 2017-45, up
to 80% of the aggregate of any such taxable dividends could be payable in the Fund’s Common Shares with the 20% or greater balance paid in cash. Common Shareholders receiving such dividends will be required to include the full amount of the dividend as taxable income to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits for federal income tax purposes. As a result, Common Shareholders may be required to pay federal income taxes with respect to such dividends in excess of the cash dividends received. If a Common Shareholder sells the Common Shares that it receives as a dividend in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the amount included in income with respect to the dividend, depending on the market price of the Fund’s Common Shares at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect
to non-U.S. Common
Shareholders, the Fund may be required to withhold U.S. tax with respect to such dividends, including in respect of all or a portion of such dividend that is payable in Common Shares. In addition, if a significant number of the Fund’s Common Shareholders determine to sell the Fund’s Common Shares in order to pay taxes owed on
 
55

dividends, it may put downward pressure on the trading price of the Fund’s Common Shares. It is unclear whether and to what extent the Fund will be able to pay taxable dividends in cash and Common Shares (whether pursuant to Revenue
Procedure 2017-45 or
otherwise).
Legal and Regulatory Risk
Legal, tax and regulatory changes could occur and may adversely affect the Fund and its ability to pursue its investment strategies and/or increase the costs of implementing such strategies. New (or revised) laws or regulations may be imposed by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”), the SEC, the U.S. Federal Reserve or other banking regulators, other governmental regulatory authorities or self-regulatory organizations that supervise the financial markets that could adversely affect the Fund. In particular, these agencies are empowered to promulgate a variety of new rules pursuant to recently enacted financial reform legislation in the United States. The Fund also may be adversely affected by changes in the enforcement or interpretation of existing statutes and rules by these governmental regulatory authorities or self-regulatory organizations.
In addition, the securities and derivatives markets are subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations and margin requirements. The CFTC, the SEC, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, other regulators and self-regulatory organizations and exchanges are authorized under these statutes, regulations and otherwise to take extraordinary actions in the event of market emergencies. The Fund and the Investment Manager have historically been eligible for exemptions from certain regulations. However, there is no assurance that the Fund and FTFA will continue to be eligible for such exemptions.
The U.S. Government enacted legislation that provides for new regulation of the derivatives markets, including clearing, margin, reporting, recordkeeping, and registration requirements, among others. Although the SEC and CFTC have released final rules relating to clearing, reporting, recordkeeping and registration requirements under the legislation, certain of the provisions are subject to further final rule making, and thus its ultimate impact remains unclear. New regulations could, among other things, restrict the Fund’s ability to engage in derivatives transactions (for example, by making certain types of derivatives transactions no longer available to the Fund) and/or increase the costs of such derivatives transactions (for example, by increasing margin or capital requirements), and the Fund may be unable to execute its investment strategies as a result. The ultimate impact of the regulations remains unclear. Additional regulation of derivatives may make derivatives more costly, limit their availability or utility, otherwise adversely affect their performance or disrupt markets.
The CFTC and certain futures exchanges have established limits, referred to as “position limits,” on the maximum net long or net short positions which any person may hold or control in particular derivatives contracts; those position limits may also apply to certain other derivatives positions the Fund may wish to take. All positions owned or controlled by the same person or entity, even if in different accounts, may be aggregated for purposes of determining whether the applicable position limits have been exceeded. Thus, even if the Fund does not intend to exceed applicable position limits, it is possible that different clients managed by the Investment Manager and its affiliates may be aggregated for this purpose. Therefore it is possible that the trading decisions of the Investment Manager may have to be modified and that positions held by the Fund may have to be liquidated in order to avoid exceeding such limits. The modification of investment decisions or the elimination of open positions, if it occurs, may adversely affect the performance of the Fund. In addition, applicable position limits may affect the hedging and investment activities of participants in derivatives markets and in the markets for the assets underlying such derivatives contracts, which could reduce the liquidity and adversely affect the pricing of derivatives contracts impacted by such position limits, thereby adversely affecting the performance of the Fund.
The SEC has in the past adopted interim rules requiring reporting of all short positions above a certain de minimis threshold and may adopt or amend rules requiring public disclosure in the future. In addition,
other non-U.S. jurisdictions
where the Fund may trade have adopted reporting requirements. To the extent that the Fund takes a short position, if such short position or strategy become generally known, it could have a significant effect on the Fund’s ability to implement its investment strategy. In particular, public disclosure may increase the likelihood that other investors could cause a “short squeeze” in the securities held short by the Fund forcing the Fund to cover its positions at a loss. Such disclosure and reporting requirements also may limit the Investment Manager’s ability to access management and other personnel at certain companies where the Fund seeks to take a short position. In addition, if other investors establish short positions in the same issuers as the Fund, the cost to the Fund of borrowing securities to sell short could increase drastically and the availability of such securities to the Fund could decrease drastically. Such events could make the Fund unable to execute its investment strategy. In addition, the SEC and other regulatory and self-regulatory authorities have implemented various rules and may adopt additional
 
56

rules in the future that may impact those engaging in short selling activity. If additional rules were adopted regarding short sales, they could restrict the Fund’s ability to engage in short sales in certain circumstances, and the Fund may be unable to execute certain investment strategies as a result.
The SEC and regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions may adopt (and in certain cases, have adopted) bans on short sales of certain securities in response to market events. Bans on short selling may make it impossible for the Fund to execute certain investment strategies.
Risks Related to Potential Conflicts of Interest
FTFA, Western Asset, the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers and the portfolio managers have interests which may conflict with the interests of the Fund. FTFA, Western Asset and the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers currently and may at some time in the future manage and/or advise other investment funds or accounts with the same or substantially similar investment objectives and strategies as the Fund. As a result, FTFA, Western Asset, the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers and the Fund’s portfolio managers may devote unequal time and attention to the management of the Fund and those other funds and accounts, and may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities as might be the case if they were to devote substantially more attention to the management of the Fund. FTFA, Western Asset, the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers and the Fund’s portfolio managers may identify a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds and accounts, and the opportunity may be allocated among these several funds and accounts, which may limit the Fund’s ability to take full advantage of the investment opportunity. Additionally, transaction orders may be aggregated for multiple accounts for purpose of execution, which may cause the price or brokerage costs to be less favorable to the Fund than if similar transactions were not being executed concurrently for other accounts. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds and accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the funds and accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other funds and accounts. For example, a portfolio manager may determine that it would be in the interest of another account to sell a security that the Fund holds, potentially resulting in a decrease in the market value of the security held by the Fund.
The portfolio managers may also engage in cross trades between funds and accounts, may select brokers or dealers to execute securities transactions based in part on brokerage and research services provided to FTFA, Western Asset or the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers which may not benefit all funds and accounts equally and may receive different amounts of financial or other benefits for managing different funds and accounts. Finally, FTFA or its affiliates may provide more services to some types of funds and accounts than others.
There is no guarantee that the policies and procedures adopted by FTFA, Western Asset, the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers and the Fund will be able to identify or mitigate the conflicts of interest that arise between the Fund and any other investment funds or accounts that FTFA, Western Asset and/or the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers may manage or advise from time to time.
Management Risk and Reliance on Key Personnel
The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed investment portfolio. Western Asset and each individual portfolio manager may not be successful in selecting the best performing securities or investment techniques, and the Fund’s performance may lag behind that of similar funds. The Fund depends upon the diligence and skill of the portfolio managers, who evaluate, negotiate, structure and monitor its investments. These individuals do not have long-term employment contracts with Western Asset, although they do have equity interests and other financial incentives to remain with Western Asset. The Fund also depends on the senior management of FTFA, and the departure of any of the senior management of FTFA could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objectives. In addition, there is no guarantee that Western Asset will remain the Fund’s investment adviser.
Portfolio Turnover Risk
Changes to the investments of the Fund may be made regardless of the length of time particular investments have been held. A high portfolio turnover rate may result in increased transaction costs for the Fund in the form of increased dealer spreads and other transactional costs, which may have an adverse impact on the Fund’s performance.
 
57

In addition, high portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains by the Fund which, when distributed to shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. A high portfolio turnover may increase the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, resulting in a greater portion of the Fund’s distributions being treated as a dividend to the Fund’s shareholders. The portfolio turnover rate of the Fund will vary from year to year, as well as within a given year.
Anti-Takeover Provisions Risk
The Fund’s Declaration of Trust and Bylaws include provisions that are designed to limit the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund for short-term objectives, including by converting the Fund
to open-end status
or changing the composition of the Board, that may be detrimental to the Fund’s ability to achieve its primary investment objective of seeking high current income. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Fund shall be subject to the provisions of the MCSAA. There can be no assurance, however, that the provisions of the MCSAA will be sufficient to deter professional arbitrageurs that seek to cause the Fund to take actions that may not be consistent with its investment objective or aligned with the interests of long-term shareholders, such as liquidating debt investments prior to maturity, triggering taxable events for shareholders and decreasing the size of the Fund. See “Certain Provisions in the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws” and “Certain Provisions in the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws—Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act.” (“MCSAA”). Such provisions may limit the ability of shareholders to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging an investor from seeking to obtain control of the Fund.
In determining to opt in to the MCSAA, the Board of Trustees considered its fiduciary obligations to the Fund. In particular, the Board of Trustees considered whether the interests of a short-term professional investor seeking to arbitrage the Fund’s market price would be consistent with the interests of shareholders that invested in the Fund due to its investment objective of seeking high current income. In order to seek to allow the Fund to achieve its investment objective for those long-term shareholders, the Board of Directors determined that it would be in the best interests of the Fund to opt in to the MCSAA. In making this decision, the Board of Directors considered a decision in the U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland, which had the effect of allowing
a closed-end fund
organized in Maryland to remain opted in to the MCSAA notwithstanding a counterclaim alleging that the fund’s decision to opt in to the MCSAA violated Section 18(i) of the 1940 Act. A recent decision by the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, however, held that certain Funds that opted into the MCSAA violated Section 18(i) of the 1940 Act. The decision has been affirmed by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. These decisions are incompatible with the prior decision in Maryland federal court that allowed a
registered closed-end fund
organized as a Maryland corporation to remain opted into the MCSAA, resulting in a circuit split on the issue. There is a risk that a court could follow the reasoning of the New York federal court, as opposed to the decision of the Maryland federal court, when determining whether
a closed-end fund
organized in Maryland can opt in to the MCSAA.
Management of the Fund
Trustees and Officers
The overall management of the business and affairs of the Fund is vested in the Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees approves all significant agreements between the Fund and persons or companies furnishing services to the Fund. The
day-to-day
operation of the Fund is delegated to the officers of the Fund, FTFA, Western Asset and the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers, subject always to the investment objectives, restrictions and policies of the Fund and to the general supervision of the Board of Trustees. Certain Trustees and officers of the Fund are affiliated with Franklin Templeton, the parent corporation of FTFA, Western Asset and the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers. All of the Fund’s executive officers hold similar offices with some or all of the other funds advised by FTFA.
Investment Manager and Subadvisers
FTFA is the Fund’s investment manager. FTFA, with offices at 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York 10018, also serves as the investment manager of other Franklin Templeton-sponsored funds. FTFA provides administrative and certain oversight services to the Fund. As of September 30, 2024, FTFA’s total assets under management were approximately $182.9 billion.
 
58

Western Asset and the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers provide the
day-to-day
portfolio management of the Fund as subadvisers and undertake investment-related activities, including investment management, research and analysis, and securities settlement. The
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers provide certain subadvisory services relating to currency transactions and investments in
non-U.S.
dollar-denominated securities and related foreign currency instruments. Western Asset London generally manages global and
non-U.S.
dollar fixed income mandates, Western Asset Japan generally manages Japanese fixed income mandates, and Western Asset Singapore generally manages Asian (other than Japan) fixed income mandates. Each office provides services relating to relevant portions of Western Asset’s broader portfolios as appropriate.
Western Asset, established in 1971, has offices at 385 East Colorado Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91101 and 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York 10018. Western Asset London was founded in 1984 and has offices at 10 Exchange Square, Primrose Street, London EC2A 2EN. Western Asset Japan was founded in 1991 and has offices at 36F Shin-Marunouchi Building,
5-1
Marunouchi
1-Chome
Chiyoda-Ku,
Tokyo
100-6536,
Japan. Western Asset Singapore was established in 2000 and has offices at 1 George Street
#23-01,
Singapore 049145.
Western Asset employs a team approach to investment management that utilizes relevant staff in multiple offices around the world. Expertise from Western Asset investment professionals in those offices add local sector investment experience as well as the ability to trade in local markets. Although the investment professionals at Western Asset London, Western Asset Japan, and Western Asset Singapore are responsible for the management of the investments in their local sectors, Western Asset provides overall supervision of their activities for the Fund to maintain a cohesive investment management approach.
The
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers act as investment advisers to institutional accounts, such as corporate pension plans, mutual funds and endowment funds. As of September 30, 2024, the total assets under management of Western Asset and its supervised affiliates, including Western Asset London, Western Asset Singapore and Western Asset Japan, were approximately $360.3 billion.
FTFA pays Western Asset a portion of the management fee that it receives from the Fund. The Fund does not pay any additional advisory or other fees for advisory services provided by Western Asset, Western Asset London, Western Asset Japan or Western Asset Singapore.
FTFA, Western Asset, Western Asset London, Western Asset Singapore and Western Asset Japan are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Franklin Templeton. Franklin Templeton, whose principal executive offices are at 100 International Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, is a global asset management company. As of October 31, 2024, Franklin Templeton’s asset management operations, including Western Asset and its supervised affiliates, had aggregate assets under management of over $1.6 trillion.
Investment Management Agreement and
Sub-Advisory
Agreement
Investment Management Agreement
Under the Fund’s management agreement with FTFA (the “Investment Management Agreement”), subject to the supervision and direction of the Fund’s Board, FTFA is delegated the responsibility of managing the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s stated investment objectives and policies, making investment decisions for the Fund and placing orders to purchase and sell securities. FTFA performs administrative and management services necessary for the operation of the Fund, such as (1) supervising the overall administration of the Fund, including negotiation of contracts and fees with and the monitoring of performance and billings of the Fund’s transfer agent, shareholder servicing agents, custodian and other independent contractors or agents; (2) providing certain compliance, Fund accounting, regulatory reporting and tax reporting services; (3) preparing or participating in the preparation of materials for the Fund’s Board of Trustees, registration statements, proxy statements and reports and other communications to shareholders; (4) maintaining the Fund’s existence and (5) maintaining the registration and qualification of the Fund’s shares under federal and (if required) state laws.
FTFA also provides the office space, facilities, equipment and personnel necessary to perform the following services for the Fund: SEC compliance, including record keeping, reporting requirements and registration statements and proxies; supervision of Fund operations, including coordination of functions of the transfer agent, custodian,
 
59

accountants, counsel and other parties performing services or operational functions for the Fund; and certain administrative and clerical services, including certain accounting services and maintenance of certain books and records.
The Investment Management Agreement will continue in effect, unless otherwise terminated, until July 31, 2025 and then will continue from year to year provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually (a) by the Fund’s Board of Trustees or by a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act) and (b) in either event, by a majority of the Trustees of the Fund who are not “interested persons” of the Fund within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (the “Independent Trustees”) with such Independent Trustees casting votes in person at a meeting called for such purpose. The Investment Management Agreement provides that FTFA may render services to others. The Investment Management Agreement is terminable without penalty on not more than 60 days’ nor less than 30 days’ written notice by the Fund when authorized either by a vote of holders of shares representing a majority of the voting power of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act) or by a vote of a majority of the Fund’s Trustees, or by FTFA on not less than 90 days’ written notice, and will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment. The Investment Management Agreement provides that neither FTFA nor its personnel or affiliates shall be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any investment or for any act or omission in the execution of security transactions for the Fund, except for willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence or reckless disregard of its or their obligations and duties.
Other than the cash management services it provides for certain equity funds, FTFA does not provide
day-to-day
portfolio management services. Rather, portfolio management for the Fund is provided by Western Asset.
Western Asset
Sub-Advisory
Agreement
Western Asset provides services to the Fund pursuant to a subadvisory agreement between FTFA Western Asset (the “Subadvisory Agreement”). Under the Subadvisory Agreement, subject to the supervision and direction of the Fund’s Board of Trustees and FTFA, Western Asset will manage the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies, make investment decisions for the Fund, place orders to purchase and sell securities, and employ professional portfolio managers and securities analysts who provide research services to the Fund.
The Subadvisory Agreement between FTFA and Western Asset for the Fund will continue in effect, unless otherwise terminated, until June 30, 2025 and then will continue from year to year provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually (a) by the Board of Trustees or by a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act), and (b) in either event, by a majority of the Independent Trustees with such Independent Trustees casting votes in person at a meeting called for such purpose. The Board of Trustees or a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act) may terminate the Fund’s Subadvisory Agreement without penalty, in each case on not more than 60 days’ nor less than 30 days’ written notice to Western Asset. Western Asset may terminate the Subadvisory Agreement on 90 days’ written notice to the Fund and FTFA. FTFA and Western Asset may terminate the Subadvisory Agreement upon their mutual written consent. The Subadvisory Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment.
Non-U.S.
Subadvisory Agreements
Each of Western Asset London, Western Asset Singapore and Western Asset Japan provides services to the Fund pursuant to a subadvisory agreement between it and Western Asset (each a
“Non-U.S.
Sub-Advisory
Agreement”). Each
Non-U.S.
Subadvisory Agreement provides that, subject to the supervision and direction of the Fund’s Board and FTFA, each
Non-U.S.
Subadviser will manage the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies, make investment decisions for the Fund, place orders to purchase and sell securities and employ professional portfolio managers and securities analysts who provide research services to the Fund.
Each
Non-U.S.
Subadvisory Agreement between Western Asset and Western Asset London, Western Asset Singapore and Western Asset Japan, respectively, will continue in effect, unless otherwise terminated, until June 30, 2025, and then will continue from year to year provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually (a) by the Board or by a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act), and
 
60

(b) in either event, by a majority of the Independent Trustees with such Independent Trustees casting votes in person at a meeting called for such purpose. The Board or a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act) may terminate the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisory Agreements without penalty, in each case on not more than 60 days’ nor less than 30 days’ written notice to the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisor. Each of Western Singapore, Western Japan and Western Asset Limited may terminate its
Non-U.S.
Subadvisory Agreement on 90 days’ written notice to the Fund and Western Asset. Western Asset and each
Non-U.S.
Subadviser may terminate its respective
Non-U.S.
Subadvisory Agreement upon their mutual written consent. Each
Non-U.S.
Subadvisory Agreement will terminate automatically in the event its assignment.
Advisory Fees
For its services, the Fund has agreed to pay FTFA an annual fee, payable monthly, in an amount equal to 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily Managed Assets. The Fund’s management fee and other expenses are borne by the shareholders.
Western Asset receives an annual subadvisory fee from FTFA, payable monthly, in an amount equal to 70% of the management fee paid to FTFA. No advisory fee will be paid by the Fund directly to Western Asset.
Western Asset pays Western Asset Singapore, Western Asset Japan and Western Asset London a fee for their services at no additional expense to the Fund. Western Asset pays Western Asset Singapore, Western Asset Japan and Western Asset London a monthly subadvisory fee in an amount equal to 100% of the management fee paid to Western Asset on the assets that Western Asset allocates to the
Non-U.S.
Subadviser to manage.
The basis for the Board of Trustees’ approval of the continuance of the Investment Management Agreement, Subadvisory Agreement and
Non-U.S.
Subadvisory Agreements is provided in the Fund’s annual or semi-annual shareholder report for the periods during which such continuance occurs. The basis for subsequent continuations of such agreements will be provided in annual or semi-annual reports to shareholders for the periods during which such continuations occur.
Investment Philosophy and Process
The Fund emphasizes high current income as its primary objective. The Fund will seek to invest in a diversified portfolio of high-income generating fixed and floating rate investments that in
the sub-adviser’s opinion
offer compelling fundamental value. The portfolio construction process employs multiple diversified strategies which seeks to help mitigate the risk of any one sector or strategy dominating portfolio returns.
Investment Philosophy
Western Asset’s investment philosophy rests on two key pillars:
 
1)
Focusing on long-term, fundamental value:
 
   
Prices may sometimes deviate from fundamental fair value, but over time they typically adjust to reflect inflation, credit quality fundamentals and liquidity conditions. Investing in undervalued securities has the potential to provide attractive investment returns.
 
   
Western Asset’s investment process compares prices to the fundamental fair values estimated by its macroeconomic and credit research teams around the globe, seeking to identify and capitalize on markets and securities priced below fundamental fair value.
 
2)
Employing multiple diversified strategies:
 
   
Western Asset’s objective is to meet or exceed clients’ performance objectives within their risk tolerances. To do so, Western Asset may deploy multiple diversified strategies intended to benefit in different market and economic environments so that no one strategy dominates performance, helping to dampen volatility.
 
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The investment philosophy described above is Western Asset’s general approach across its products and each factor may not apply to all investments made by the Fund. Western Asset’s overarching goal is to build robust and diversified portfolios that can deliver strong and consistent, risk-adjusted investment returns over a full investment cycle. Western Asset believes this investment philosophy is well aligned with principles of effective investing in fixed income spread sectors as well as the Fund in two ways: (1) it ensures that investment ideas under consideration for the Fund are mainly premised on both top-down (macro)
and bottom-up (sector
and issuer-level) fundamental factors rather than other more superficial factors (e.g., technical charts and analysis), and (2) may enable the Fund to harvest credit and liquidity premia from a number of sources creating a more balanced risk profile.
Investment Process
The investment process for the Fund begins with the portfolio team leveraging the
top-down
views formulated by Western Asset’s Global Investment Strategy Committee (“GISC”). This committee meets weekly and is comprised of all the Firm’s regional and sector heads, including Western Asset’s Deputy chief investment officer and the lead portfolio manager of the Fund. They discuss and determine the outlook for global growth, inflation, interest rates, yield curves, and currency. Deliberations over the prospect for returns and risks across all major asset classes also occur in this forum. All strategic views and portfolio positions from our various local offices are communicated globally; this ensures that the input of Western Asset’s
on-the-ground
experts are incorporated into the investment outlook.
The second step in the process involves assessing the views of Western Asset’s Unconstrained Asset Allocation Committee. This committee meets monthly and includes the heads of the various sector teams. They discuss the views that come from the GISC, sector valuations (relative to their assessment of fair value), technical factors and the overall risk environment, all with an eye on how these variables might impact sector performance going forward. These views will help to determine an initial allocation (
i.e.
, sector weightings) for the Fund.
Once the Fund’s sector weightings have been established, the
bottom-up
process provides the basis for populating the targeted weightings through individual credit selection. Security selection is primarily the responsibility of the research analysts within each sector team, who collectively average over 20 years of experience. The analysts conduct
on-site
visits, management interviews, review financial statements, attend conferences, make projections and consult relevant reference material to aid in the fundamental credit research process. Armed with the results of this analysis, they make relative value recommendations to the sector head of their team.
These recommendations form the starting point for an iterative and dynamic process to implement reflect sector expertise and insights in the Fund. Looking at market technical and relative value assessments, traders will then provide execution information––to the portfolio team, who work closely with the risk professionals on portfolio construction.
Western Asset’s Risk Management and Portfolio Analytics teams play a key role in the Fund’s overall investment process by assessing the risk profile of sector and issuer-level exposures in portfolios (e.g., potential concentration risk, contribution to risk, etc.) and performing stress testing and scenario analysis to gauge the sensitivity and vulnerability of portfolios to changes in various risk factors (e.g., interest rates, credit risk, etc.). This analysis helps the portfolio team determine final sector weights and position sizing. It also helps them to monitor and calibrate portfolio diversification across sectors and
sub-sectors
as needed.
The final result is a portfolio that seeks to incorporate Western Asset’s best ideas in proportions that are consistent with Western Asset’s outlook and the Fund’s risk profile and return objectives.
Investment Management Team
Set forth below is information regarding the team of professionals at Western Asset responsible for overseeing the
day-to-day
operations of the Fund. Western Asset utilizes a team approach, with decisions derived from interaction among various investment management sector specialists. The sector teams are comprised of Western Asset’s senior portfolio managers, research analysts and an
in-house
economist. Under this team approach, management of client fixed income portfolios will reflect a consensus of interdisciplinary views.
 
62

Name, Address and Title
  
Principal Occupation(s)
During Past 5 Years
Michael C. Buchanan
Western Asset
385 East Colorado Blvd.
Pasadena, CA 91101
   Responsible for the
day-to-day
management with other members of the Fund’s portfolio management team; employed by Western Asset Management as an investment professional for at least the past five years.
Greg E. Handler
Western Asset
385 East Colorado Blvd.
Pasadena, CA 91101
   Responsible for the
day-to-day
management with other members of the Fund’s portfolio management team; research analyst/portfolio manager at Western Asset since 2002.
Christopher Kilpatrick
385 East Colorado Blvd.
Pasadena, CA
91101
   Responsible for the
day-to-day
management with other members of the Fund’s portfolio management team; employed by Western Asset Management as an investment professional for at least the past five years.
Annabel Rudebeck
Western Asset
385 East Colorado Blvd.
Pasadena, CA 91101
   Responsible for the
day-to-day
management with other members of the Fund’s portfolio management team; Ms. Rudebeck joined Western Asset in 2016 as Head of
Non-US
Credit. Ms. Rudebeck has over 18 years of investment industry experience. Formerly Ms. Rudebeck was a Senior Partner and Head of Global Investment-Grade Credit for Rogge Global Partners and also served as a Credit Research Associate at J.P. Morgan Securities.
Rafael Zielonka
Western Asset
385 East Colorado Blvd.
Pasadena, CA 91101
   Responsible for the
day-to-day
management with other members of the Fund’s portfolio management team; employed by Western Asset Management as an investment professional since 2002.
Additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by them and other information is provided in the SAI.
Control Persons
A control person is a person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company. The Fund currently has no control person.
 
63

Net Asset Value
The Fund determines the net asset value of its Common Shares on each day the NYSE is open for business, as of the close of the customary trading session (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time), or any earlier closing time that day. The Fund determines the net asset value per Common Share by dividing the value of the Fund’s securities, cash and other assets (including the value of derivatives and interest accrued but not collected) less all its liabilities (including accrued expenses, the liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred shares and dividends payable) by the total number of Common Shares outstanding. Securities are valued at the mean between the last quoted bid and asked prices provided by an independent pricing service that are based on transactions in corporate obligations, quotations from corporate bond dealers, market transactions in comparable securities and various other relationships between securities. The Fund values portfolio securities for which market quotations are readily available at the last reported sales price or official closing price on the primary market or exchange on which they trade. Under the Fund’s valuation policies and procedures, which were adopted by the Board, the Fund’s short-term investments are valued at amortized cost when the security has 60 days or less to maturity. Determination of the Common Shares’ net asset value is made in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
The Fund values all other securities and assets at their fair value. If events occur that materially affect the value of a security between the time trading ends on the security and the close of the customary trading session of the NYSE, the Fund may value the security at its fair value as determined in good faith by or under the supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. The effect of using fair value pricing is that the Common Shares’ net asset value will be subject to the judgment of the Board of Trustees or its designee instead of being determined by the market.
Any swap transaction that the Fund enters into may, depending on the applicable interest rate environment, have a positive or negative value for purposes of calculating net asset value. Any cap transaction that the Fund enters into may, depending on the applicable interest rate environment, have no value or a positive value. In addition, accrued payments to the Fund under such transactions will be assets of the Fund and accrued payments by the Fund will be liabilities of the Fund.
The Fund’s Board of Trustees has adopted valuation policies and procedures in accordance with SEC Rule
2a-5.
The Manager has been designated as the valuation designee and is responsible for the oversight of the daily valuation process. The Manager is assisted by the Global Fund Valuation Committee. The Global Fund Valuation Committee is responsible for making fair value determinations, evaluating the effectiveness of the Fund’s pricing policies, and reporting to the Manager and the Board of Trustees. When determining the reliability of third party pricing information for investments owned by the Fund, the Global Fund Valuation Committee, among other things, conducts due diligence reviews of pricing vendors, monitors the daily change in prices and reviews transactions among market participants. Because the Manager will receive fees from the Fund based on the Fund’s average daily Managed Assets, there is a potential conflict of interest related to the Manager’s role in valuing the Fund’s investments. These fees could influence the valuation advice the Manager provides to the Global Fund Valuation Committee.
For each portfolio security that has been fair valued pursuant to the policies adopted by the Board of Trustees, the fair value price is compared against the last available and next available market quotations. The Global Fund Valuation Committee reviews the results of such back testing monthly and fair valuation occurrences are reported to the Board of Trustees quarterly.
The Fund uses valuation techniques to measure fair value that are consistent with the market approach and/or income approach, depending on the type of security and the particular circumstance. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable securities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to discount estimated future cash flows to present value.
 
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Distributions
We have paid distributions to Common Shareholders every month since September 2021. The following table sets forth information about distributions we paid to our Common Shareholders during the past three fiscal years, percentage participation by Common Shareholders in our dividend reinvestment program and reinvestments and related issuances of additional Common Shares as a result of such participation (the information in the table is unaudited):
 
     Distribution Payable Date to Common Shareholders
  
Amount of

 Distribution 

Per Share
  
Percentage of

Common

Shareholders

Electing to

 Participate in 

Dividend

Reinvestment

Program
 
Amount of

 Corresponding 

Reinvestment

through

Dividend

Reinvestment

Program
  
Additional

Shares of

Common

Share Issued

through

Dividend

 Reinvestment 

Program
December 1, 2021
    $0.11700     13.3%    $805,691    -
December 31, 2021
    $0.11700     11.7%    $709,395    -
February 1, 2022
    $0.11700     10.4%    $630,834    -
March 1, 2022
    $0.11700     10.2%    $618,142    -
April 1, 2022
    $0.11700     10.9%    $662,571    -
May 2, 2022
    $0.11700     9.6%    $581,187    -
June 1, 2022
    $0.11700     9.0%    $543,779    -
July 1, 2022
    $0.12000     8.8%    $549,907    -
August 1, 2022
    $0.12000     8.7%    $539,034    -
September 1, 2022
    $0.12000     8.1%    $500,405    -
October 3, 2022
    $0.12500     8.0%    $518,984    -
November 1, 2022
    $0.12500     7.9%    $510,197    -
December 1, 2022
    $0.12500     7.7%    $500,082    -
December 30, 2022
    $0.12800     7.1%    $469,513    -
February 1, 2023
    $0.12800     6.9%    $456,692    -
March 1, 2023
    $0.12800     6.8%    $448,560    -
April 3, 2023
    $0.13000     6.8%    $457,654    -
May 1, 2023
    $0.13000     6.9%    $467,608    -
June 1, 2023
    $0.13000     6.9%    $463,624    -
July 3, 2023
    $0.13500     6.8%    $472,491    -
August 1, 2023
    $0.13500     6.7%    $471,773    -
September 1, 2023
    $0.13500     6.8%    $475,704    -
October 2, 2023
    $0.14000     6.9%    $501,284    -
November 1, 2023
    $0.14000     6.8%    $496,035    -
December 1, 2023
    $0.14000     6.5%    $472,297    -
December 29, 2023
    $0.14300     6.4%    $471,395    -
February 1, 2024
    $0.14300     6.3%    $463,304    -
March 1, 2024
    $0.14300     6.0%    $443,677    -
April 1, 2024
    $0.14350     6.0%    $446,972    -
May 1, 2024
    $0.14350     5.9%    $437,527    -
June 3, 2024
    $0.14350     5.9%    $439,569    -
July 1, 2024
    $0.14850     5.8%    $446,965    -
August 1, 2024
    $0.14850     5.8%    $443,989    -
September 3, 2024
    $0.14850     5.9%    $452,980    -
October 1, 2024
    $0.14850     5.8%    $449,693    -
November 1, 2024
    $0.14850     5.8%    $443,863    -
December 2, 2024
    $0.14850     5.9%    $451,693    -
A distribution by the Fund consisting of a return of capital should not be considered a dividend yield or total return of an investment in the Fund’s Common Shares. Common Shareholders who receive the payment of a distribution consisting of a return of capital may be under the impression that they are receiving net profits when they are not. Shareholders should not assume that the source of a distribution from the Fund is net profits. The Fund has previously made distributions that included a return of capital. A return of capital is a return to investors of a portion of their original investment in the Fund. In general terms, a return of capital would involve a situation in which a Fund distribution (or a portion thereof) represents a return of a portion of a shareholder’s investment in the Fund, rather than making a distribution that is funded from the Fund’s earned income or other profits. Although return of capital distributions may not be currently taxable, such distributions would decrease the basis of a
 
65

shareholder’s shares (but not below zero), and therefore, may increase a shareholder’s tax liability for capital gains upon a sale of shares, even if sold at a loss to the shareholder’s original investment.
Unless a Common Shareholder elects to receive distributions in cash (
i.e.
, opt out), all of such Common Shareholder’s distributions, including any capital gains distributions on Common Shares, will be automatically reinvested in additional Common Shares under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
An affiliate of FTFA has received an exemptive order from the SEC under the 1940 Act facilitating the implementation of a managed distribution policy for certain funds for which it, or one of its affiliates, provides investment management services, including the Fund. The Fund does not intend to implement a managed distribution policy at this time; however, the Board of Trustees may, at the request of FTFA, Western Asset and the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers, adopt a managed distribution policy in the future.
 
66

Dividend Reinvestment Plan
Unless you elect to receive distributions in cash (
i.e.
,
opt-out),
all dividends, including any capital gain dividends and return of capital distributions, on your Common Shares will be automatically reinvested by Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as agent for the shareholders (the “Plan Agent”), in additional Common Shares under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the “Plan”). You may elect not to participate in the Plan by contacting the Plan Agent. If you do not participate, you will receive all cash distributions paid by check mailed directly to you by Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as dividend paying agent.
If you participate in the Plan, the number of Common Shares you will receive will be determined as follows:
 
  (1)
If the market price of the Common Shares (plus $0.03 per share commission) on the payment date (or, if the payment date is not a NYSE trading day, the immediately preceding trading day) is equal to or exceeds the net asset value per share of the Common Shares at the close of trading on the NYSE on the payment date, the Fund will issue new Common Shares at a price equal to the greater of (a) the net asset value per share at the close of trading on the NYSE on the payment date or (b) 95% of the market price per share of the Common Shares on the payment date.
 
  (2)
If the net asset value per share of the Common Shares exceeds the market price of the Common Shares (plus $0.03 per share commission) at the close of trading on the NYSE on the payment date, the Plan Agent will receive the dividend or distribution in cash and will buy Common Shares in the open market, on the NYSE or elsewhere, for your account as soon as practicable commencing on the trading day following the payment date and terminating no later than the earlier of (a) 30 days after the dividend or distribution payment date, or (b) the payment date for the next succeeding dividend or distribution to be made to the shareholders; except when necessary to comply with applicable provisions of the federal securities laws. If during this period: (i) the market price (plus $0.03 per share commission) rises so that it equals or exceeds the net asset value per share of the Common Shares at the close of trading on the NYSE on the payment date before the Plan Agent has completed the open market purchases or (ii) if the Plan Agent is unable to invest the full amount eligible to be reinvested in open market purchases, the Plan Agent will cease purchasing Common Shares in the open market and the Fund shall issue the remaining Common Shares at a price per share equal to the greater of (a) the net asset value per share at the close of trading on the NYSE on the day prior to the issuance of shares for
reinvestment
or (b) 95% of the then current market price per share.
Common Shares in your account will be held by the Plan Agent in
non-certificated
form. Any proxy you receive will include all Common Shares you have received under the Plan.
You may withdraw from the Plan (
i.e.
,
opt-out)
by notifying the Plan Agent in writing at 462 South 4
th
Street, Suite 1600, Louisville, KY 40202 or by calling the Plan Agent at
1-888-888-0151.
Such withdrawal will be effective immediately if notice is received by the Plan Agent not less than ten business days prior to any dividend or distribution record date; otherwise such withdrawal will be effective as soon as practicable after the Plan Agent’s investment of the most recently declared dividend or distribution on the Common Shares.
Plan participants who sell their shares will be charged a service charge (currently $5.00 per transaction) and the Plan Agent is authorized to deduct brokerage charges actually incurred from the proceeds (currently $0.05 per share commission). There is no service charge for reinvestment of your dividends or distributions in Common Shares. However, all participants will pay a pro rata share of brokerage commissions incurred by the Plan Agent when it makes open market purchases. Because all dividends and distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional Common Shares, this allows you to add to your investment through dollar cost averaging, which may lower the average cost of your Common Shares over time. Dollar cost averaging is a technique for lowering the average cost per share over time if the Fund’s net asset value declines. While dollar cost averaging has definite advantages, it cannot assure profit or protect against loss in declining markets.
Automatically reinvesting dividends and distributions does not mean that you do not have to pay income taxes due upon receiving dividends and distributions. Investors will be subject to income tax on amounts reinvested under the Plan.
 
67

The Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the Plan if, in the judgment of the Board of Trustees, the change is warranted. The Plan may be terminated, amended or supplemented by the Fund upon notice in writing mailed to shareholders at least 30 days prior to the record date for the payment of any dividend or distribution by the Fund for which the termination or amendment is to be effective. Upon any termination, you will be sent cash for any fractional share of Common Shares in your account. You may elect to notify the Plan Agent in advance of such termination to have the Plan Agent sell part or all of your Common Shares on your behalf. Additional information about the Plan and your account may be obtained from the Plan Agent at 462 South 4
th
Street, Suite 1600, Louisville,
KY 40202 or by calling the Plan Agent at
1-888-888-0151.
 
68

Description of Shares
Common Shares
The Declaration of Trust authorizes the issuance of an unlimited number of Common Shares, par value $0.001 per share. As of November 29, 2024, we had 51,788,210 Common Shares outstanding. All Common Shares have equal rights with respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets upon liquidation. Common Shares will, when issued, be fully paid and nonassessable, and will have no preemptive or conversion rights or rights to cumulative voting, which means that the holders of more than 50% of the Common Shares can elect 100% of the trustees then nominated for election if they choose to do so and, in such event, the holders of the remaining Common Shares will not be able to elect any trustees.
The Fund’s Common Shares are listed on the NYSE under the trading or “ticker” symbol “WDI.” The Fund intends to hold annual meetings of shareholders so long as the Common Shares are listed on a national securities exchange and such meetings are required as a condition to such listing. The Fund must continue to meet the NYSE requirements in order for the Common Shares to remain listed.
Unlike
open-end
funds,
closed-end
funds, like the Fund, do not continuously offer shares and do not provide daily redemptions. Rather, if a shareholder determines to buy additional Common Shares or sell Common Shares already held, the shareholder may do so by trading on the NYSE through a broker or otherwise. Shares of
closed-end
funds may frequently trade on an exchange at prices lower than net asset value. The market value of the Common Shares may be influenced by such factors as dividend levels (which are in turn affected by expenses), call protection, dividend stability, portfolio credit quality, net asset value, relative demand for and supply of such Common Shares in the market, general market and economic conditions, and other factors beyond the control of the Fund. The Fund cannot assure you that Common Shares will trade at a price equal to or higher than net asset value in the future. The Fund’s Common Shares are designed primarily for long-term investors, and investors in Common Shares should not view the Fund as a vehicle for trading purposes. See “Repurchase of Common Shares.”
Each outstanding Common Share entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of Common Shareholders, including the election of Trustees. Except as provided with respect to any other class or series, the Common Shareholders will possess the exclusive voting power. Each director shall be elected by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast in the election of trustees. There is no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees.
Preferred Shares
The Declaration of Trust provides that the Fund’s Board of Trustees may classify and issue Preferred Shares with rights as determined by the Board of Trustees, by action of the Board of Trustees without the approval of the Common Shareholders. The Fund may classify and issue an unlimited number of Preferred Shares, par value $0.001 per share. Common Shareholders have no preemptive right to purchase any Preferred Shares that might be issued.
The Fund may elect to issue Preferred Shares as part of its leverage strategy. The Fund currently has the ability to issue Preferred Shares to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, which currently limits the aggregate liquidation preference of all outstanding Preferred Shares plus the principal amount of any outstanding leverage consisting of debt to 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets less liabilities and indebtedness of the Fund (other than leverage consisting of Preferred Shares). Although the terms of any Preferred Shares, including dividend rate, liquidation preference and redemption provisions, will be set forth in a statement of preferences classifying and designating such Preferred Shares, the Fund believes that it is likely that the liquidation preference, voting rights and redemption provisions of the Preferred Shares may be similar to those stated below.
Liquidation Preference
In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Fund, the holders of Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive a preferential liquidating distribution, which is expected to equal the original purchase price per share of Preferred Shares plus accrued and unpaid dividends, whether or not declared,
 
69

before any distribution of assets is made to Common Shareholders. After payment of the full amount of the liquidating distribution to which they are entitled, the holders of Preferred Shares will not be entitled to any further participation in any distribution of assets by the Fund.
Voting Rights
The 1940 Act requires that the holders of any Preferred Shares, voting separately as a single class, have the right to elect at least two trustees at all times. The remaining trustees will be elected by holders of Common Shares and Preferred Shares, voting together as a single class. In addition, subject to the prior rights, if any, of the holders of any other class of senior securities outstanding, the holders of any Preferred Shares have the right to elect a majority of the trustees of the Fund at any time that two years of dividends on any Preferred Shares are unpaid. The 1940 Act also requires that, in addition to any approval by the shareholders that might otherwise be required, the approval of the holders of a majority of any outstanding Preferred Shares, voting separately as a class, would be required to: (i) adopt any plan of reorganization that would adversely affect the Preferred Shares and (ii) take any action requiring a vote of security holders under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including, among other things, changes in the Fund’s subclassification as a
closed-end
investment company or changes in its fundamental investment restrictions. See “Certain Provisions in the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws.” As a result of these voting rights, the Fund’s ability to take any such actions may be impeded to the extent that there are any shares of Preferred Shares outstanding. Except as otherwise indicated in this prospectus and except as otherwise required by applicable law or the Declaration of Trust, holders of Preferred Shares will have equal voting rights with Common Shareholders (one vote per share, unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act) and will vote together with Common Shareholders as a single class.
The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred Shares, voting as a separate class, will be required to amend, alter or repeal any of the preferences, rights or powers of holders of Preferred Shares so as to affect materially and adversely such preferences, rights or powers, or to increase or decrease the authorized number of shares of Preferred Shares. The class vote of holders of Preferred Shares described above will in each case be in addition to any other vote required to authorize the action in question.
Redemption, Purchase and Sale of Preferred Shares by the Fund
The terms of any Preferred Shares issued are expected to provide that: (i) they are redeemable by the Fund in whole or in part at the original purchase price per share plus accrued dividends per share; (ii) the Fund may tender for or purchase Preferred Shares; and (iii) the Fund may subsequently resell any shares so tendered for or purchased. Any redemption or purchase of Preferred Shares by the Fund will reduce any leverage applicable to the Common Shares, while any resale of shares by the Fund will increase that leverage.
The discussion above describes the possible offering of Preferred Shares by the Fund. If the Board of Trustees determines to proceed with such an offering, the terms of the Preferred Shares may be the same as, or different from, the terms described above, subject to applicable law and the Fund’s Declaration of Trust. The Board of Trustees, without the approval of the Common Shareholders, may authorize an offering of Preferred Shares or may determine not to authorize such an offering, and may fix the terms of the Preferred Shares to be offered.
 
70

Certain Provisions in the Declaration of Trust and
Bylaws
The Fund’s Declaration of Trust and Bylaws includes provisions that are designed to limit the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund for short-term objectives, including by converting the Fund to
open-end
status or changing the composition of the Board, that may be detrimental to the Fund’s ability to achieve its primary investment objective of seeking high current income. Such provisions may limit the ability of shareholders to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain control of the Fund. There can be no assurance, however, that such provisions will be sufficient to deter activist investors that seek to cause the Fund to take actions that may not be aligned with the interests of long-term shareholders. See also “Certain Provisions in the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws—Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act.” Such attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and disrupting the normal operation of the Fund, as these actions require substantial attention from Fund management that would typically be spent on the Fund’s operations and require the Fund to engage outside counsel and other specialists such as proxy solicitors, to seek to protect the interests of long-term investors. The Board is divided into three classes. At each annual meeting of shareholders the term of only one class of Trustees expires and only the Trustees in that one class stand
for re-election. Trustees
standing for election at an annual meeting of shareholders are elected to serve until the third annual meeting of shareholders following their election and until their successors are duly elected and qualify. This provision could delay for up to two years the replacement of a majority of the Board. A Trustee may be removed only for cause (as defined in our Declaration of Trust) and then only by the affirmative vote of at least 75% of the votes then entitled to be cast generally in the election of Trustees.
The Fund’s Bylaws provide that with respect to any annual or special meeting of the shareholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, the business must be pursuant to the Fund’s notice of meeting, by or at the direction of the Board of Trustees or properly brought by a shareholder who is a shareholder as of the record date for the meeting, at the time he, she or it provides notice and at the time of the meeting (or any postponement or adjournment thereof) who is entitled to vote in the election of each nominee or on any such other business and who complied with the advance notice procedures of the Bylaws. To be properly brought before a special meeting, the business must be pursuant to the Fund’s notice of meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to the Board of Trustees may be properly brought before a special meeting of shareholders by or at the direction of the Board of Trustees or properly brought by a shareholder who is a shareholder as of the record date for the meeting, at the time he, she or it provides notice and at the time of the meeting (or any postponement or adjournment thereof) who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated and who complied with the advance notice procedures of the Bylaws.
The affirmative vote of the holders of Common Shares entitled to cast at least 80% of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, each voting as a separate class, will be necessary to effect:
(a) Any amendment to the Declaration of Trust to make the Common Shares a “redeemable security” or any other proposal to convert the Fund, whether by merger or otherwise, from a
“closed-end
company” to an
“open-end
company” (as such terms are defined in the 1940 Act);
(b) Except as provided in the Declaration of Trust, the liquidation or dissolution of the Fund and any amendment to the Declaration of Trust to effect any such liquidation or dissolution;
(c) Any amendment to, or any amendment inconsistent with, the provisions of Section 5.1 (General Powers), Section 5.2 (Certain Specific Powers), Section 5.5 (Election and Term), Section 5.6 (Resignation or Removal), Article IX (Amendments; Certain Extraordinary Actions) or Article X (Merger, Consolidation, Sale of Trust Property or Conversion) of the Declaration of Trust;
(d) Any merger, conversion, consolidation, share exchange or sale or exchange of all or substantially all of the assets of the Fund that the Maryland General Corporation Law requires be approved by the stockholders of a Maryland corporation; and
(e) Any transaction between the Fund and a person, or group of persons acting together including, without limitation, a “group” for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act (or any successor provision), that is entitled
 
71

to exercise or direct the exercise, or acquire the right to exercise or direct the exercise, directly or indirectly, other than solely by virtue of a revocable proxy, of
one-tenth
or more of the voting power in the election of Trustees generally, or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with any such person or member of such group;
provided, however, that, if the Continuing Trustees (as defined herein), by a vote of at least
two-thirds
of such Continuing Trustees, in addition to approval by the Board of Trustees, approve such proposal, transaction or amendment, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast will be sufficient to approve such proposal, transaction or amendment; and provided further, that, with respect to any proposal or transaction or amendment referred to in paragraph (d) and (e) above, if such proposal, transaction or amendment is approved by the Continuing Trustees, by a vote of at least
two-thirds
of such Continuing Trustees, no shareholder approval of such proposal, transaction or amendment will be required unless this Declaration of Trust or the 1940 Act otherwise expressly requires shareholder approval.
“Continuing Trustees” means (i) the members of the Board of Trustees serving at the time of closing of the initial public offering by the Trust of Common Shares (the “Initial Trustees”), (ii) the members of the Board of Trustees whose nomination for election by the Shareholders or whose election by the Board of Trustees to fill vacancies on the Board is approved by a majority of the Initial Trustees, who are on the Board at the time of the nomination or election, as applicable, or (iii) any successor Trustees whose nomination for election by the Shareholders or whose election by the Board of Trustees to fill vacancies is approved by a majority of the Continuing Trustees or successor Continuing Trustees, who are on the Board at the time of the nomination or election, as applicable.
The Declaration of Trust and Bylaws contain provisions the effect of which is to prevent matters, including nominations of trustees, from being considered at an annual shareholders’ meeting where the Fund has not received notice of the matters generally at least 120 but no more than 150 days prior to the first anniversary of the date of the proxy statement for the preceding year’s annual meeting.
Maryland law permits a Maryland statutory trust to include in its declaration of trust a provision limiting the liability of its trustees and officers to the trust and its shareholders for money damages except for liability resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty that is established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. The Fund’s Declaration of Trust contains such a provision that limits present and former trustees’ and officers’ liability to the Fund and its shareholders for money damages to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, subject to the 1940 Act.
The Fund’s Declaration of Trust obligates the Fund, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, to pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to:
 
   
any present or former trustee or officer of the Fund who is made, or threatened to be made, a party to, or witness in, a proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity; or
 
   
any individual who, while a trustee or officer of the Fund and at the Fund’s request, serves or has served as a director, trustee, officer, partner, member or manager of another trust, corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, employee benefit plan or any other enterprise and who is made, or threatened to be made, a party to, or witness in, the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity.
The Declaration of Trust also permits the Fund, with the approval of the Board of Trustees, to indemnify and advance expenses to any person who served a predecessor of the Fund in any of the capacities described above and to any employee or agent of the Fund or a predecessor of the Fund. The Fund has entered into an agreement with each trustee and officer of the Fund pursuant to which the Fund has agreed to advance expenses and costs incurred by the indemnitee in connection with any matter in respect of which indemnification might be sought pursuant to the Declaration of Trust to the maximum extent permitted by law.
 
72

In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Fund will not indemnify any trustee or officer of the Fund for any liability to the Fund or its security holders to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
The Declaration of Trust provides that ownership of the Fund’s shares of beneficial interest shall not make any shareholder a third-party beneficiary of any contract entered into by, or with respect to, the Fund. The Declaration of Trust and Bylaws are governing documents and are not contracts between the Fund and any person.
Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act
As permitted by the Maryland Statutory Trust Act, the Fund’s Declaration of Trust provides that the Fund shall be subject to the provisions of the MCSAA. The Fund will be subject to the MCSAA to the same extent as if it were a corporation formed under the Maryland General Corporation Law. The MCSAA provides that a holder of control shares of a Maryland corporation acquired in a control share acquisition will not be entitled to vote its control shares except to the extent approved by a vote
of two-thirds of
the votes entitled to be cast on the matter (
i.e.
, entitled to vote on the restoration of voting rights for the holder of the control shares). Shares owned by the acquiror, by officers or by directors (or, in the case of the Fund, a Trustee) who are employees of the corporation are excluded from shares entitled to vote on the matter. Control shares are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other shares owned by the acquiror or in respect of which the acquiror is able to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the acquiror to exercise voting power in electing directors (
i.e.
, the Fund’s trustees) within one of the following ranges of voting power:
 
   
one-tenth
or more but less than
one-third,
   
one-third
or more but less than a majority, or
   
a majority or more of all voting power.
Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained shareholder approval as described above. A control share acquisition means the acquisition of control shares, subject to certain exceptions.
A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition may compel the board of directors of the corporation to call a special meeting of shareholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights of the holder of control shares. The right to compel the calling of a special meeting is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including an undertaking to pay the expenses of the meeting. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself present the question at any shareholders meeting. If voting rights for the holder of control shares are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by the statute, then the corporation may repurchase for fair value any or all of the control shares, except those for which voting rights have previously been approved, subject to compliance with the 1940 Act. The right of the statutory trust to repurchase control shares is subject to certain conditions and limitations. Fair value is determined, without regard to the absence of voting rights for the holder of control shares, as of the date of the last control share acquisition by the acquiror or of any meeting of shareholders at which the voting rights of the holder of control shares are considered and not approved if such a meeting is held.
If voting rights for the holder of control shares are approved at a shareholders meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other shareholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid by the acquiror in the control share acquisition.
The MCSAA does not apply (a) to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the Fund is a party to the transaction, (b) to shares acquired under the satisfaction of a pledge or other security interest created in good faith and not for the purpose of circumventing the MCSAA, or (c) to acquisitions of shares approved or exempted by a provision contained in the declaration of trust or bylaws of the Fund and adopted at any time before the acquisition of the shares. Shareholders (together with any “associate” (as defined in the MCSAA)) that own less than ten percent of the shares entitled to vote in the election of trustees are not subject to the restrictions under the MCSAA. In addition, the Fund’s Declaration of Trust provides that the MCSAA will not apply to any acquisition or proposed acquisition of shares of the Fund by any company that, in accordance with the 1940 Act or SEC exemptive
 
73

order or other regulatory relief or guidance, votes the shares held by it in the same proportion as the vote of all other holders of such security or all securities.
The MCSAA is designed to discourage others from trying to acquire control of the Fund for short-term objectives, including by converting the Fund to
open-end
status or changing the composition of the Board, that may be detrimental to the Fund’s ability to achieve its primary investment objective of seeking high current income. Such provisions may limit the ability of shareholders to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain control of the Fund. There can be no assurance, however, that such provisions will be sufficient to deter activist investors that seek to cause the Fund to take actions that may not be aligned with the interests of long-term shareholders.
 
74

Limited Term and Eligible Tender Offer
The Fund intends to liquidate on the first business day after its twelfth anniversary of the effective date of the Fund’s initial registration statement with the SEC. The Fund’s liquidation date may be extended up to two years if approved by a majority of the entire Board of Trustees and 75% of the members of the Board who either (x) have been a member of the Board for a period of at least
thirty-six
months or (y) were nominated to serve as a member of the Board by a majority of the Continuing Trustees (a “Board Action Vote”). The Board may cause the Fund to conduct an Eligible Tender Offer, as
described
below. Following the consummation of the Eligible Tender Offer and there being at least $200 million total net assets the Board may vote, by a Board Action Vote and without shareholder approval, to remove the Dissolution Date and cause the Fund to have a perpetual term.
Beginning with the wind-down period, the Fund may begin liquidating all or a portion of the Fund’s portfolio, and may deviate from its investment policies and may not achieve its investment objectives. During the wind-down period (or in anticipation of an Eligible Tender Offer), the Fund’s portfolio composition may change as more of its portfolio holdings are called or sold and portfolio holdings are disposed of in anticipation of liquidation. As of a date within
the 6-18 months
preceding the Dissolution Date, the Board may, by a Board Action Vote, cause the Fund to conduct an Eligible Tender Offer. The Board has established that the Fund must have aggregate net assets at least equal to the Dissolution Threshold of $200 million immediately following the consummation of an Eligible Tender Offer to ensure the continued viability of the Fund. In an Eligible Tender Offer, the Fund will offer to purchase all Common Shares held by each Common Shareholder; provided that if the payment for properly tendered Common Shares would result in the Fund having aggregate net assets below the Dissolution Threshold, the Eligible Tender Offer will be canceled and no Common Shares will be repurchased pursuant to the Eligible Tender Offer. Instead, the Fund will begin (or continue) liquidating its portfolio and proceed to dissolve on the Dissolution Date. Regardless of whether the Eligible Tender Offer is completed or canceled, FTFA will pay all costs and expenses associated with the making of an Eligible Tender Offer, other than brokerage and related transaction costs associated with the disposition of portfolio investments in connection with the Eligible Tender Offer, which will be borne by the Fund and its Common Shareholders. The Eligible Tender Offer would be made, and Common Shareholders would be notified thereof, in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Exchange Act and the applicable tender offer rules thereunder (including
Rule 13e-4 and
Regulation 14E under the Exchange Act). If the payment for properly tendered Common Shares would result in the Fund having aggregate net assets greater than or equal to the Dissolution Threshold, all Common Shares properly tendered and not withdrawn will be purchased by the Fund pursuant to the terms of the Eligible Tender Offer. The Fund’s purchase of tendered Common Shares pursuant to a tender offer, including an Eligible Tender Offer, will generally have tax consequences for tendering Common Shareholders and may have tax consequences
for non-tendering Common
Shareholders. In addition, the Fund would continue to be subject to its obligations with respect to its issued and outstanding borrowings, Preferred Shares or debt securities, if any. An Eligible Tender Offer may be commenced upon approval of the Board, without a shareholder vote by a Board Action Vote. The Fund is not required to conduct an Eligible Tender Offer. If no Eligible Tender Offer is conducted, the Fund will dissolve on the Dissolution Date (subject to extension as described above), unless the limited term provisions of the Declaration of Trust are amended with the vote of shareholders.
Following the consummation of an Eligible Tender Offer, the Board may, by a Board Action Vote, eliminate the Dissolution Date without shareholder approval and provide for the Fund’s perpetual existence. In determining whether to eliminate the Dissolution Date, the Board may consider market conditions at such time and all other factors deemed relevant by the Board in consultation with FTFA, taking into account that FTFA may have a potential conflict of interest in recommending to the Board that the limited term structure be eliminated and the Fund have a perpetual existence. In making a decision to eliminate the Dissolution Date to provide for the Fund’s perpetual existence, the Board will take such actions with respect to the continued operations of the Fund as it deems to be in the best interests of the Fund. The Fund is not required to conduct additional tender offers following an Eligible Tender Offer and conversion to a perpetual structure. Therefore, remaining Common Shareholders may not have another opportunity to participate in a tender offer or exchange their Common Shares for the then-existing NAV per share. There is no guarantee that the Board will eliminate the Dissolution Date following consummation of an Eligible Tender Offer so that the Fund will have a perpetual existence.
All Common Shareholders remaining after a tender offer will be subject to proportionately higher expenses due to the reduction in the Fund’s assets resulting from payment for any tendered Common Shares. A reduction in assets, and the corresponding increase in the Fund’s expense ratio, could result in lower returns and put the Fund at a
 
75

disadvantage relative to its peers and potentially cause the Fund’s Common Shares to trade at a wider discount to NAV than it otherwise would. Such reduction in the Fund’s assets may also result in less investment flexibility, reduced diversification and greater volatility for the Fund, and may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s investment performance. Moreover, the resulting reduction in the number of outstanding Common Shares could cause the Common Shares to become more thinly traded or otherwise adversely impact the secondary market trading of such Common Shares.
The Board may, to the extent it deems appropriate and without shareholder approval, adopt a plan of liquidation at any time preceding the anticipated Dissolution Date, which plan of liquidation may set forth the terms and conditions for implementing the termination of the Fund’s existence, including the commencement of the winding down of its investment operations and the making of one or more liquidating distributions to Common Shareholders prior to the Dissolution Date.
Upon its dissolution, the Fund will distribute substantially all of its net assets to shareholders, after paying or otherwise providing for all charges, taxes, expenses and liabilities, whether due or accrued or anticipated, of the Fund, as may be determined by the Board. The Fund retains broad flexibility to liquidate its portfolio, wind up its business and make liquidating distributions to Common Shareholders in a manner and on a schedule it believes will best contribute to the achievement of its investment objectives. Accordingly, as the Fund nears an Eligible Tender Offer or the Dissolution Date, FTFA may begin liquidating all or a portion of the Fund’s portfolio through opportunistic sales. During this time, the Fund may not achieve its investment objectives, comply with the investment guidelines described in this prospectus or be able to sustain its historical distribution levels. During such period(s), the Fund’s portfolio composition may change as more of its portfolio holdings are called or sold and portfolio holdings are disposed of in anticipation of dissolution or an Eligible Tender Offer. Rather than reinvesting the proceeds of matured, called or sold securities in accordance with the investment program described above, the Fund may invest such proceeds in short term or other lower yielding securities or hold the proceeds in cash, which may adversely affect its performance. The Fund’s distributions during the Wind-Down Period may decrease, and such distributions may include a return of capital. The Fund may distribute the proceeds in one or more liquidating distributions prior to the final dissolution, which may cause fixed expenses to increase when expressed as a percentage of assets under management. It is expected that shareholders will receive cash in any liquidating distribution from the Fund, regardless of their participation in the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan. Shareholders generally will realize capital gain or loss upon the dissolution of the Fund in an amount equal to the difference between the amount of cash or other property received by the shareholder (including any property deemed received by reason of its being placed in a liquidating trust) and the shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the shares of the Fund for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As soon as practicable after the Dissolution Date, the Fund will complete the liquidation of its portfolio (to the extent possible and not already liquidated), retire or redeem its leverage facilities, if any (to the extent not already retired or redeemed), distribute all of its liquidated net assets to its Common Shareholders (to the extent not already distributed) and terminate its existence under Maryland law.
Although it is anticipated that the Fund will have distributed substantially all of its net assets to shareholders as soon as practicable after the Dissolution Date, securities for which no market exists or securities trading at depressed prices, if any, may be placed in a liquidating trust. Securities placed in a liquidating trust may be held for an indefinite period of time, potentially several years or longer, until they can be sold or pay out all of their cash flows. During such time, the shareholders will continue to be exposed to the risks associated with the Fund and the value of their interest in the liquidating trust will fluctuate with the value of the liquidating trust’s remaining assets. To the extent the costs associated with a liquidating trust exceed the value of the remaining securities, the liquidating trust trustees may determine to dispose of the remaining securities in a manner of their choosing. The Fund cannot predict the amount, if any, of securities that will be required to be placed in a liquidating trust or how long it will take to sell or otherwise dispose of such securities.
The Fund is not a so called “target date” or “life cycle” fund whose asset allocation becomes more conservative over time as its target date, often associated with retirement, approaches. In addition, the Fund is not a “target term” fund whose investment objective is to return its original NAV on the Dissolution Date or in an Eligible Tender Offer. The final distribution of net assets per common share upon dissolution or the price per common share in an Eligible Tender Offer may be more than, equal to or less than the initial public offering price per common share.
 
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Repurchase of Common Shares
The Fund is a
closed-end
investment company, and as such its Common Shareholders will not have the right to cause the Fund to redeem their Common Shares. Instead, liquidity will be provided through trading in the open market. Notice is hereby given in accordance with Section 23(c) of the 1940 Act that the Fund may purchase at market prices from time to time shares of its Common Shares in the open market but is under no obligation to do so.
On July 29, 2021, the Fund announced that the Fund’s Board of Trustees had authorized the Fund to repurchase in the open market up to approximately 10% of the Fund’s outstanding Common Shares when the Fund’s shares are trading at a discount to net asset value. The Board has directed management of the Fund to repurchase the Fund’s Common Shares at such times and in such amounts as management reasonably believes may enhance stockholder value. The Fund is under no obligation to purchase shares at any specific discount levels or in any specific amounts. During the year ended December 31, 2023 and the 9 months ended September 30, 2024, the Fund did not repurchase any shares.
 
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Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
The discussion below and certain disclosure in the SAI provide general tax information related to an investment in the Fund’s Common Shares. Because tax laws are complex and often change, shareholders should consult their tax advisors about the tax consequences of an investment in the Common Shares. Unless otherwise noted, the following tax discussion applies only to U.S. shareholders that hold the Common Shares as capital assets. A U.S. shareholder is a Common Shareholder who is for U.S. federal income tax purposes (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a U.S. corporation, (iii) a trust if it (a) is subject to the primary supervision of a court in the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) has made a valid election to be treated as a U.S. person, or (iv) any estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source.
The Fund has elected to be treated, and intends to qualify each taxable year, as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Code. To qualify under Subchapter M for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment generally accorded to RICs, the Fund must, among other things: (1) distribute to its shareholders in each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code, but determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and its
net tax-exempt income;
(2) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from (a) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies; and (b) net income derived from interests in certain publicly traded partnerships that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and that derive less than 90% of their gross income from the items described in (a) above (each a “Qualified Publicly Traded Partnership”); and (3) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of each taxable year of the Fund (a) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. government securities, the securities of other RICs and other securities, with such other securities limited, with respect to any one issuer, to an amount not greater in value than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets, and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by the securities (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other RICs) of (I) any one issuer, (II) any two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or (III) any one or more Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its investment company taxable income and net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), if any, that it distributes in each taxable year to its shareholders. The Fund intends to distribute to its shareholders, at least annually, substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain.
If the Fund fails to satisfy as of the close of any quarter the asset diversification test referred to in the preceding paragraph, it will have 30 days to cure the failure by, for example, selling securities that are the source of the violation. Other cure provisions are available in the Code for a failure to satisfy the asset diversification test, but any such cure provision may involve the payment of a penalty excise tax.
If the Fund failed to qualify for the favorable tax treatment accorded to RICs in any taxable year, the Fund would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income (including distributions of net capital gain), even if such income were distributed to its shareholders, and all distributions out of earnings and profits would be taxed to shareholders as ordinary dividend income. Such distributions generally would be eligible (i) to be treated as “qualified dividend income” in the case of individual and other
non-corporate
shareholders and (ii) for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (which could be subject to interest charges) before requalifying for taxation as a RIC.
A RIC that fails to distribute, by the close of each calendar year, an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary taxable income for such calendar year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for
the one-year period
ending on October 31 of such calendar year, plus any shortfalls from any prior year’s required distribution, is liable for a 4% excise tax on the portion of the undistributed amounts of such
 
78

income that are less than the required distributions. For these purposes, the Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gain on which it paid U.S. federal income tax.
Distributions to Common Shareholders by the Fund of ordinary income and of net short-term capital gains, if any, realized by the Fund will generally be taxable to Common Shareholders as ordinary income to the extent such distributions are paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions, if any, of net capital gains properly reported as “capital gain dividends” will be taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of the length of time the Common Shareholder has owned Common Shares. A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) will be treated by a Common Shareholder as a return of capital which will be applied against and reduce the Common Shareholder’s basis in its Common Shares. To the extent that the amount of any such distribution exceeds the Common Shareholder’s basis in its Common Shares, the excess will be treated by the Common Shareholder as gain from a sale or exchange of the Common Shares. Distributions paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations or for the reduced rates applicable to certain qualified dividend income received
by non-corporate Common
Shareholders.
Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in cash or invested in additional Common Shares pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Common Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional Common Shares will be treated as receiving a distribution in the amount of cash that they would have received if they had elected to receive the distribution in cash, unless the Fund issues additional Common Shares with a fair market value equal to or greater than net asset value, in which case such Common Shareholders will be treated as receiving a distribution in the amount of the fair market value of the distributed Common Shares. The additional Common Shares received by a Common Shareholder pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan will have a new holding period commencing on the day following the day on which the Common Shares are credited to the Common Shareholder’s account.
Although dividends generally will be treated as distributed when paid, dividends declared in October, November or December, payable to shareholders of record on a specified date in one of those months, and paid during the following January, will be treated as having been distributed by the Fund (and received by shareholders) on December 31 of the year in which declared.
The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain or a portion thereof for investment and be taxed at corporate rates on the amount retained. In such case, the Fund may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a written notice to its shareholders, who will be treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each Common Shareholder will (i) be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, (ii) receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain and (iii) increase the tax basis for its Common Shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.
In general, the sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares (including upon termination of the Fund, but except pursuant to a repurchase by the Fund, as described below) will result in capital gain or loss to Common Shareholders. A Common Shareholder’s gain or loss generally will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Common Shares have been held for more than one year. Present law taxes both long- and short-term capital gains of corporations at the rates applicable to ordinary income.
For non-corporate taxpayers,
however, long-term capital gains are currently eligible for reduced rates of taxation. Losses realized by a Common Shareholder on the sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares held for six months or less are treated as long-term capital losses to the extent of any distribution of long-term capital gain received (or amounts designated as undistributed capital gains) with respect to such Common Shares. In addition, no loss will be allowed on the sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares if the Common Shareholder acquires (including pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan) or enters into a contract or option to acquire securities that are substantially identical to such Common Shares within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such case, the basis of the securities acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
The Fund may offer to repurchase its outstanding Common Shares pursuant to an Eligible Tender Offer or another repurchase offer. Common Shareholders who tender all Common Shares held, or considered to be held, by them (and do not own any Preferred Shares) will be treated as having sold their shares and generally will realize a
 
79

capital gain or loss. If a Common Shareholder tenders fewer than all of its Common Shares or fewer than all Common Shares tendered are repurchased, such Common Shareholder may be treated as having received a taxable dividend upon the repurchase of its Common Shares. In such a case, there is a risk
that non-tendering Common
Shareholders, and Common Shareholders who tender some but not all of their Common Shares or fewer than all of whose Common Shares are repurchased, in each case whose percentage interests in the Fund increase as a result of such tender, will be treated as having received a taxable distribution from the Fund. The extent of such risk will vary depending upon the particular circumstances of the repurchase offer, and in particular whether such offer is a single and isolated event or is part of a plan for periodically redeeming Common Shares of the Fund.
The Fund may be required to withhold from all distributions and repurchase proceeds payable to U.S. shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification numbers or to make required certifications, or who have been notified by the IRS that they are subject to backup withholding. Certain shareholders specified in the Code generally are exempt from such backup withholding. This backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be refunded or credited against a Common Shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
If a shareholder is for U.S. federal income tax purposes a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate or a foreign corporation (other than such a shareholder whose ownership of shares is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business), certain dividends received by such shareholder from the Fund may be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax. To the extent that Fund distributions consist of ordinary dividends that are subject to withholding, the applicable withholding agent will generally be required to withhold U.S. federal income tax at the rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be determined in accordance with any applicable treaty). However, dividends paid by the Fund that are “interest-related dividends” or “short-term capital gain dividends” will generally be exempt from such withholding, in each case to the extent the Fund properly reports such dividends to shareholders. For these purposes, interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends generally represent distributions of interest or short-term capital gains that would not have been subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at the source if received directly by
a non-U.S. shareholder,
and that satisfy certain other requirements. Net capital gain dividends (that is, distributions of the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) distributed by the Fund to
a non-U.S. shareholder
will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax.
The Fund may be required to withhold from distributions
to non-U.S. shareholders
that are otherwise exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax (or taxable at a reduced treaty rate) unless
the non-U.S. shareholder
certifies its foreign status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establishes an exemption.
Under Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code (such Sections commonly referred to as “FATCA”), a 30% U.S. federal withholding tax may apply to any dividends that the Fund pays to (i) a “foreign financial institution” (as specifically defined in the Code), whether such foreign financial institution is the beneficial owner or an intermediary, unless such foreign financial institution agrees to verify, report and disclose its “United States account” holders (as specifically defined in the Code) and meets certain other specified requirements or
(ii) a non-financial foreign
entity, whether
such non-financial foreign
entity is the beneficial owner or an intermediary, unless such entity provides a certification that the beneficial owner of the payment does not have any substantial United States owners or provides the name, address and taxpayer identification number of each such substantial United States owner and certain other specified requirements are met. In certain cases, the relevant foreign financial institution
or non-financial foreign
entity may qualify for an exemption from, or be deemed to be in compliance with, these rules. In addition, foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the United States governing FATCA may be subject to different rules. You should consult your own tax advisor regarding FATCA and whether it may be relevant to your ownership and disposition of Common Shares.
The foregoing tax discussion is for general information only. The provisions of the Code and regulations thereunder presently in effect as they directly govern the taxation of the Fund and its Common Shareholders are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, and any such change may be retroactive with respect to the Fund’s transactions. The foregoing does not represent a detailed description of the U.S. federal income tax considerations relevant to special classes of taxpayers including, without limitation, financial institutions, insurance companies, partnerships or other pass-through entities (or investors therein), U.S. shareholders whose “functional currency” is not the U.S.
dollar, tax-exempt organizations,
dealers in securities or currencies, traders in securities that elect mark to market treatment, or persons that will hold Common Shares as a position in a “straddle,” “hedge”
 
80

or as part of a “constructive sale” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, this discussion does not address U.S. federal estate or gift taxes, the application of the Medicare tax on net investment income or U.S. federal alternative minimum tax considerations.
Shareholders are advised to consult with their own tax advisors for more detailed information concerning federal income tax matters.
 
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Plan of Distribution
We may sell our Common Shares, including to existing Common Shareholders in a rights offering, from time to time under this Prospectus and any related Prospectus Supplement in any one or more of the following ways (1) directly to one or more purchasers (including to existing Common Shareholders in a rights offering), (2) through agents for the period of their appointment, (3) to underwriters as principals for resale to the public, (4) to dealers as principals for resale to the public, (5) through
“at-the-market”
transactions or (6) pursuant to our Dividend Reinvestment Plan.
Our securities may be sold from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or fixed prices, which may change; at prevailing market prices at the time of sale; prices related to prevailing market prices; at varying prices determined at the time of sale; or at negotiated prices. Our securities may be sold other than for cash, including in exchange transactions for
non-control
securities, or may be sold for a combination of cash and securities. The Prospectus Supplement will describe the method of distribution of our securities offered therein. In the case of a rights offering, the applicable Prospectus Supplement will set forth the number of our Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of each right and the other terms of such rights offering.
Each Prospectus Supplement relating to an offering of our securities will state the terms of the offering, including:
 
   
the names of any agents, underwriters or dealers;
 
   
any sales loads, underwriting discounts and commissions or agency fees and other items constituting underwriters’ or agents’ compensation;
 
   
any discounts, commissions, fees or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers or agents;
 
   
the public offering or purchase price of the offered securities and the estimated net proceeds we will receive from the sale; and
 
   
any securities exchange on which the offered securities may be listed.
Any public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.
Direct Sales
We may sell our securities directly to, and solicit offers from, purchasers, including institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters as defined in the Securities Act for any resales of the securities. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved. We may use electronic media, including the internet, to sell offered securities directly. We will describe the terms of any of those sales in a Prospectus Supplement.
Distribution Through Agents
We may offer and sell our securities on a continuous basis through agents that we designate. We will name any agent involved in the offer and sale and describe any commissions payable by us in the Prospectus Supplement. Unless otherwise indicated in the Prospectus Supplement, the agents will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of their appointment.
Offers to purchase our securities may be solicited directly by the issuer or by agents designated by the issuer from time to time. Any such agent, who may be deemed to be an underwriter as the term is defined in the Securities Act, involved in the offer or sale of the offered securities in respect of which this Prospectus is delivered will be named, and any commissions payable by the issuer to such agent set forth, in a Prospectus Supplement.
 
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Distribution Through Underwriters
We may offer and sell our securities from time to time to one or more underwriters who would purchase the securities as principal for resale to the public either on a firm commitment or best efforts basis. If we sell our securities to underwriters, we will execute an underwriting agreement with them at the time of the sale and will name them in the Prospectus Supplement. In connection with these sales, the underwriters may be deemed to have received compensation from us in the form of underwriting discounts and commissions. The underwriters also may receive commissions from purchasers of our securities for whom they may act as agent. Unless otherwise stated in the Prospectus Supplement, the underwriters will not be obligated to purchase our securities unless the conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement are satisfied, and if the underwriters purchase any of the securities, they will be required to purchase all of the offered securities. In the event of default by any underwriter, in certain circumstances, the purchase commitments may be increased among the
non-defaulting
underwriters or the underwriting agreement may be terminated. The underwriters may sell the offered securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters as well as from the purchasers for whom they may act as agent. Sales of the offered securities by underwriters may be in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The Prospectus Supplement will describe the method of reoffering by the underwriters. The Prospectus Supplement will also describe the discounts and commissions to be allowed or paid to the underwriters, if any, all other items constituting underwriting compensation, and the discounts and commissions to be allowed or paid to dealers, if any. If a Prospectus Supplement so indicates, we may grant the underwriters an option to purchase additional shares of our securities at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, within a specified number of days from the date of the Prospectus Supplement, to cover any overallotments.
Distribution Through Dealers
We may offer and sell our securities from time to time to one or more dealers who would purchase the securities as principal. The dealers then may resell the offered securities to the public at fixed or varying prices to be determined by those dealers at the time of resale. We will set forth the names of the dealers and the terms of the transaction in the Prospectus Supplement.
Distribution Through
At-the-Market
Offerings
We may engage in
at-the-market
offerings to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise, in accordance with Rule 415(a)(4). An
at-the-market
offering may be through one or more underwriters or dealers acting as principal or agent for us.
General Information
Agents, underwriters, or dealers participating in an offering of our securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and any discounts and commissions received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the offered securities for whom they may act as agent, may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act.
We may offer to sell our securities either at a fixed price or at prices that may vary, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to prevailing market prices, or at negotiated prices.
If indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, we may authorize underwriters or other persons acting as our agents to solicit offers by certain institutions to purchase securities from us pursuant to contracts providing for payment and delivery on a future date. Institutions with which these contracts may be made include: commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, educational and charitable institutions and others, but in all cases these institutions must be approved by us. The obligations of any purchaser under any contract will be subject only to those conditions described in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. The underwriters and the other agents will not have any responsibility for the validity or performance of the contracts. The applicable Prospectus Supplement will describe the commission payable for solicitation of those contracts.
 
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In connection with any offering of the securities in an underwritten transaction, the underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain, or otherwise affect the market price of the Common Shares. Those transactions may include overallotment, entering stabilizing bids, effecting syndicate covering transactions, and reclaiming selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer.
 
   
An overallotment in connection with an offering creates a short position in the offered securities for the underwriters’ own account.
 
   
An underwriter may place a stabilizing bid to purchase an offered security for the purpose of pegging, fixing, or maintaining the price of that security.
 
   
Underwriters may engage in syndicate covering transactions to cover overallotments or to stabilize the price of the offered securities by bidding for, and purchasing, the offered securities or any other securities in the open market in order to reduce a short position created in connection with the offering.
 
   
The managing underwriter may impose a penalty bid on a syndicate member to reclaim a selling concession in connection with an offering when offered securities originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in syndicate covering transactions or otherwise.
Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities above independent market levels. The underwriters are not required to engage in these activities, and may end any of these activities at any time.
Any underwriters that are qualified market makers on the NYSE may engage in passive market making transactions in our securities on the NYSE in accordance with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering, before the commencement of offers or sales of the common shares. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, however, the passive market maker’s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
We will not require underwriters or dealers to make a market in the Common Shares. Any underwriters to whom the offered securities are sold for offering and sale may make a market in the offered securities, but the underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market-making at any time without notice.
Under agreements entered into with us, underwriters and agents may be entitled to indemnification by us against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution for payments the underwriters or agents may be required to make. The underwriters, agents, and their affiliates may engage in financial or other business transactions with us and our subsidiaries, if any, in the ordinary course of business.
The aggregate offering price specified on the cover of this Prospectus relates to the offering of the securities not yet issued as of the date of this Prospectus. The place and time of delivery for the offered securities in respect of which this Prospectus is delivered are set forth in the accompanying Prospectus Supplement.
To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the underwriters may from time to time act as a broker or dealer and receive fees in connection with the execution of our portfolio transactions after the underwriters have ceased to be underwriters and, subject to certain restrictions, each may act as a broker while it is an underwriter.
A Prospectus and accompanying Prospectus Supplement in electronic form may be made available on the websites maintained by the underwriters. The underwriters may agree to allocate our securities for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Such allocations of our securities for internet distributions will be made on the
 
84

same basis as other allocations. In addition, our securities may be sold by the underwriters to securities dealers who resell securities to online brokerage account holders.
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
We may issue and sell Common Shares pursuant to our Plan.
 
85

Custodian and Transfer Agent
The custodian of the assets of the Fund is The Bank of New York Mellon, 225 Liberty Street, New York, New York 10286. The custodian performs custodial, fund accounting and portfolio accounting services. The Fund’s transfer, shareholder services and dividend paying agent is Computershare Inc., 462 South 4th Street, Suite 1600, Louisville, KY 40202.
Legal Matters
Certain legal matters in connection with the securities will be passed upon for the Fund by Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP, Washington, D.C. Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP may rely as to certain matters of Maryland law on the opinion of Venable LLP, Baltimore, Maryland.
Incorporation by Reference
As noted above, this prospectus is part of a registration statement filed with the SEC. Pursuant to the final rule and form amendments adopted by the SEC on April 8, 2020, the Fund is permitted to “incorporate by reference” certain information filed with the SEC, which means that the Fund can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and later information that the Fund files with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information.
The documents listed below, and any reports and other documents subsequently filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 30(b)(2) under the 1940 Act and Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to the termination of the offering will be incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and deemed to be part of this Prospectus from the date of the filing of such reports and documents:
 
   
the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information, dated December 18, 2024, filed with the accompanying Prospectus;
 
   
the Fund’s Annual Report on Form
N-CSR/A,
filed on August 5, 2024;
 
   
the Fund’s Semi-Annual Report on Form
N-CSR,
filed on August 28, 2024;
 
   
the Fund’s Proxy Statement on Form DEF 14A, filed on March 6, 2024;
 
   
the Fund’s description of Common Shares on Form
8-A12B,
filed on June 10, 2021.
You may obtain copies of any information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, at no charge, by calling toll-free (888)
777-0102
or by writing to the Fund at 620 Eighth Avenue, 47th Floor, New York, NY 10018. The Fund’s periodic reports filed pursuant to Section 30(b)(2) of the 1940 Act and Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as well as this Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information, are available on the Fund’s website
http://www.franklintempleton.com/investments/options/closed-end-funds.
In addition, the SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov, free of charge, that contains these reports, the Fund’s proxy and information statements, and other information relating to the Fund.
Financial Statements
The audited financial statements included in the annual report to the Fund’s shareholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 and together with the report of PwC for the Fund’s annual report, are incorporated herein by reference to the Fund’s annual report to shareholders. All other portions of the annual report to shareholders are not incorporated herein by reference and are not part of the registration statement, the SAI, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement.
 
86

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
PwC serves as the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm of the Fund and audits the financial statements of the Fund. PwC is located at 100 East Pratt Street, Suite 2600, Baltimore, Maryland 21202-1096.
Where You Can Find More Information
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and are required to file reports (including our annual and semi-annual reports), proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our most recent shareholder report filed with the SEC is for the period ended December 31, 2023. Such reports, proxy statements and other information, as well as the registration statement and the amendments, exhibits and schedules thereto, can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC in Washington, D.C. Information about the operation of the public reference facilities may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202)
551-8090.
Copies of such material may also be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates. You can obtain the same information free of charge from the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. You may also
e-mail
requests for these documents to publinfo@sec.gov or make a request in writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549
This Prospectus does not contain all of the information in our registration statement, including amendments, exhibits, and schedules. Statements in this Prospectus about the contents of any contract or other document are not necessarily complete and in each instance reference is made to the copy of the contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects by this reference. Additional information about us can be found in our Registration Statement (including amendments, exhibits, and schedules) on Form
N-2
filed with the SEC. The SEC maintains a web site (www.sec.gov) that contains our Registration Statement, other documents incorporated by reference, and other information we have filed electronically with the SEC, including proxy statements and reports filed under the Exchange Act.
 
87

TABLE OF CONTENTS OF THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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88

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration Statement
No. 333-[●]
FORM OF PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(to Prospectus dated     , 202[●])
Western Asset Diversified Income Fund
Up to     Shares of
Common Shares
The Fund.
Western Asset Diversified Income Fund, a Maryland statutory trust (the “Fund”, “we”, “us” or “our”) is a diversified,
closed-end
management investment company.
Investment Objectives.
The Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek high current income. As a secondary investment objective, the Fund will seek capital appreciation. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives.
Investment Strategies.
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objectives by investing, under normal market conditions, across fixed income sectors and securities in seeking to deliver a well-diversified portfolio. Western Asset Management Company, LLC (“Western Asset”) will seek to dynamically rotate investments into sectors and securities that it believes to be undervalued from a fundamental perspective with an attractive return profile and away from investments that it believes to be overvalued. The Fund may invest in investment-grade and high-yield corporate debt securities, senior loans, agency and
non-agency
residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), government (
i.e.
, sovereign) debt (including U.S. government obligations), floating rate securities, bank loans, collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”), asset-backed securities (whose underlying asset classes include, but are not limited to, equipment leases, solar and student loans), private debt and mortgage whole loans. This Prospectus Supplement, together with the accompanying Prospectus dated     , 202[●] sets forth the information that you should know before investing.
The Fund’s common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Shares”) are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the trading or “ticker” symbol “WDI.” The net asset value of our Common Shares at the close of business on      , 202[●] was $     per share, and the last sale price per Common Share on the NYSE on that date was $    .
You should read this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus (which includes a Statement of Additional Information, dated     , 202[●] (the “SAI”), incorporated by reference in its entirety therein, containing additional information about us, which has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”)), before deciding whether to invest and retain it for future reference. You may request a free copy of the SAI (the table of contents of which is on page i of the accompanying Prospectus), annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders (when available), and additional information about the Fund by calling (888)
777-0102,
by writing to the Fund at 620 Eighth Avenue, 47th Floor, New York, NY 10018 or visiting the Fund’s website
(http://www.franklintempleton.com/investments/options/closed-end-funds).
The information contained in, or accessed through, the Fund’s website is not part of this Prospectus. You may also obtain a copy of the SAI (and other information regarding the Fund) from the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information relating to the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202)
551-8090.
Such materials, as well as the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports (when available) and other information regarding the Fund, are also available on the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov). You may also
e-mail
requests for these documents to publicinfo@sec.gov or make a request in writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Room, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549-0102.
Investing in the Fund’s securities involves certain risks. You could lose some or all of your investment. See “Risks” beginning on page 39 of the accompanying Prospectus.

Neither the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this Prospectus Supplement or the accompanying Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
 
    
 Per Share 
    
 Total
(1)
 
Public offering price
   $        $    
Sales load
(2)
   $        $    
Proceeds, after expenses, to the Fund
(3)
   $        $    
[We have granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to [ ] additional Common Shares at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount, to cover over-allotments, if any, within days from the date of this Prospectus Supplement. If the underwriters exercise the option in full, the total underwriting discount will be $    , and the proceeds, before expenses, to us will be $    .]
[Underwriter(s)]
This Prospectus Supplement is dated    , 2024.
The Fund’s securities do not represent a deposit or obligation of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and are not federally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other governmental agency.
Capitalized terms used herein that are not otherwise defined shall have the meanings assigned to them in the accompanying Prospectus.
 
S-ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prospectus Supplement
 
    
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S-6
 
    
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S-7
 
    
S-8
 
    
S-9
 
    
S-10
 
    
S-10
 
    
S-11
 
    
S-11
 
Prospectus
 
    
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S-iii

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus. This Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus set forth certain information about us that a prospective investor should carefully consider before making an investment in our securities. This Prospectus Supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering, also adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference in the accompanying Prospectus. The accompanying Prospectus gives more general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. If the description of this offering varies between this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus, you should rely on the information contained in this Prospectus Supplement; provided that if any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date and incorporated by reference into the accompanying Prospectus or Prospectus Supplement, the statement in the incorporated document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted or where the person making the offer or sale is not qualified to do so or to any person to whom it is not permitted to make such offer or sale. The information contained in or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus is accurate only as of the respective dates on their front covers, regardless of the time of delivery of this Prospectus Supplement, the accompanying Prospectus, or the sale of the securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
 
S-iv

CAUTIONARY NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Prospectus Supplement, the accompanying Prospectus and the SAI contain forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus that address activities, events or developments that we expect, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements including, in particular, the statements about our plans, objectives, strategies and prospects regarding, among other things, our financial condition, results of operations and business. We have identified some of these forward-looking statements with words like “believe,” “may,” “could,” “might,” “forecast,” “possible,” “potential,” “project,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “approximate” or “continue” and other words and terms of similar meaning and the negative of such terms. Such forward-looking statements may be contained in this Prospectus Supplement as well as in the accompanying Prospectus and the SAI. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations about future events affecting us and are subject to uncertainties and factors relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. Many factors mentioned in our discussion in this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus, including the risks outlined under “Risks” in the accompanying Prospectus, will be important in determining future results. In addition, several factors that could materially affect our actual results are the ability of the securities in which we invest to achieve their objectives, the timing and amount of distributions and dividends from the securities in which we intend to invest, the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its impact on the industries in which we invest and other factors discussed in our periodic filings with the SEC.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, we do not know whether our expectations will prove correct. They can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties. The factors identified above are believed to be important factors, but not necessarily all of the important factors, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. Unpredictable or unknown factors could also have material adverse effects on us. Since our actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements, we cannot give any assurance that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will occur or, if any of them do, what impact they will have on our results of operations and financial condition. All forward-looking statements included in this Prospectus Supplement, the accompanying Prospectus or the SAI are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of such documents. We do not undertake any obligation to update, amend or clarify these forward-looking statements or the risk factors contained therein, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under the federal securities laws. The forward-looking statements in this Prospectus Supplement, the accompanying Prospectus and the SAI are excluded from the safe harbor protection provided by Section 27A of the 1933 Act.
 
S-v

 
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus supplement (the “Prospectus Supplement”) and the accompanying prospectus (the “Prospectus”). This summary provides an overview of selected information and does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in our common shares (the “Common Shares”). You should read carefully the entire Prospectus Supplement, the accompanying Prospectus, including the section entitled “Risks,” the statement of additional information incorporated by reference into the Prospectus (the “SAI”) and the financial statements and related notes, before making an investment decision.
 
The Fund
   Western Asset Diversified Income Fund, a Maryland statutory trust (the “Fund”), is a diversified,
closed-end
management investment company.
Investment Objectives and Strategies
  
The Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek high current income. As a secondary investment objective, the Fund will seek capital appreciation. There can be no assurance the Fund will achieve its investment objectives. See “The Fund’s Investments.”
 
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objectives by investing, under normal market conditions, across fixed income sectors and securities in seeking to deliver a well-diversified portfolio. Western Asset Management Company, LLC (“Western Asset”) will seek to dynamically rotate investments into sectors and securities that it believes to be undervalued from a fundamental perspective with an attractive return profile and away from investments that it believes to be overvalued. The Fund may invest in investment-grade and high-yield corporate debt securities, senior loans, agency and
non-agency
residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), government (
i.e.
, sovereign) debt (including U.S. government obligations), floating rate securities, bank loans, collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”), asset-backed securities (whose underlying asset classes include, but are not limited to, equipment leases, solar and student loans), private debt and mortgage whole loans.
 
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its Managed Assets in securities issued by CLOs, including up to 5% of its Managed Assets in equity securities issued by CLOs (
i.e.
, subordinated, or residual tranches of CLO securities). “Managed Assets” means the net assets of the Fund plus the principal amount of any borrowings or preferred shares that may be outstanding, reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls or similar transactions. Although the Fund does not specifically target covenant lite loans, the Fund may invest in covenant lite loans if market conditions result in loans having fewer covenants. With respect to all of the securities in which the Fund may invest, the Fund may invest in securities rated below investment grade (that is, securities rated below the Baa/BBB categories, or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable credit quality by Western Asset). These below investment grade securities that comprise the Fund’s portfolio are commonly referred to as either “high yield” securities or “junk bonds.” The Fund may invest up to 25% of its Managed Assets in securities, including structured instruments such as RMBS and CMBS, rated CCC or below (or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable credit quality by Western Asset) at the time of investment. For this purpose, if a security is rated by multiple nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”) and receives different ratings, the Fund will treat the
 
S-1

  
security as being rated in the highest rating category received from an NRSRO. The Fund may invest in foreign securities denominated either in U.S. dollars or foreign currencies. Under normal market circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 70% of its Managed Assets in U.S. securities and at least 80% of its Managed Assets in U.S. dollar-denominated investments. Investments in
non-U.S.
securities may include emerging market corporate, government and quasi-sovereign debt.
 
The Fund may not concentrate its investments in any one industry. For purposes of this fundamental policy,
non-agency
RMBS and
non-agency
CMBS are considered to represent separate industries; as such, the Fund may invest up to 25% of its Managed Assets in nonagency RMBS and, separately, up to 25% of its Managed Assets in
non-agency
CMBS.
 
The Fund may invest in securities of any maturity. The maturity of a fixed income security is a measure of the time remaining until the final payment on the security is due. The Fund may invest in securities of any duration. Duration is a measure the expected sensitivity of a security’s market price to changes in interest rates.
   Western Asset has extensive experience analyzing the relative value of securities within various sectors of the mortgage markets, including undervalued distressed assets. Western Asset intends to seek to maximize returns on the Fund’s investments in distressed assets by evaluating market opportunities based on the condition of the various sectors of the mortgage markets, the relative value of the specific asset within such markets and an internal risk/return analysis. In making investment decisions on behalf of the Fund, Western Asset will incorporate its views on the economic environment and the outlook for the mortgage markets, including relative valuation, supply and demand trends, the level of interest rates, the shape of the yield curve, prepayment rates, financing and liquidity, commercial and residential real estate prices, delinquencies, default rates, recovery of various segments of the economy and vintage of collateral.
   The Fund’s investment strategies and policies may be changed from time to time without shareholder approval, unless specifically stated otherwise in this Prospectus or the SAI. The percentage limitations stated in this prospectus apply at the time of the Fund’s acquisition of such an investment.
   For a more complete discussion of the Fund’s investment strategy, see “The Fund’s Investments.”
The Investment Manager
   FTFA is the Fund’s investment manager. FTFA, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc. (“Franklin Resources”), a global investment management organization operating as Franklin Templeton, is a registered investment adviser and provides administrative and management services to the Fund. In addition, FTFA performs administrative and management services necessary for the operation of the Fund, such as (1) supervising the overall administration of the Fund, including negotiation of contracts and fees with and the monitoring of performance and billings of the Fund’s transfer agent, shareholder servicing agents, custodian and other independent contractors or agents; (2) providing certain compliance, Fund accounting, regulatory reporting
 
S-2

   and tax reporting services; (3) preparing or participating in the preparation of Board materials, registration statements, proxy statements and reports and other communications to shareholders; (4) maintaining the Fund’s existence and (5) during such times as shares are publicly offered, maintaining the registration and qualification of the Fund’s shares under federal and state laws. [As of [ ], 2024, FTFA’s total assets under management were approximately $[ ] billion.] Franklin Templeton is a global asset management firm. As of [ ], 2024, Franklin Templeton’s asset management operation had aggregate assets under management of $[ ] trillion.]
   FTFA receives an annual fee, payable monthly, in an amount equal to 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily Managed Assets, which are the net assets of the Fund plus the principal amount of any borrowings or preferred shares that may be outstanding, reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls or similar transactions.
   The Fund will pay all of its offering expenses. The Fund’s management fees and other expenses are borne by the Common Shareholders. See “Summary of Fund Expenses” in this Prospectus Supplement and “Management of the Fund” in the accompanying Prospectus.
The Subadviser
   Western Asset and the
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers (defined below) provide
day-to-day
portfolio management of the Fund as subadvisers and undertake investment-related activities, including investment management, research and analysis, and securities settlement.
   As of [ ], 2024, Western Asset and its supervised affiliates had approximately $[ ] billion in assets under management.
   Western Asset receives an annual subadvisory fee, payable monthly, from FTFA in an amount equal to 70% of the management fee paid to FTFA. No fee will be paid by the Fund directly to Western Asset. See “Management of the Fund.”
Non-U.S.
Subadviser
  
In connection with Western Asset’s service to the Fund, each of Western Asset Management Company Limited in London (“Western Asset London”), Western Asset Management Company Pte. Ltd. in Singapore (“Western Asset Singapore”) and Western Asset Management Company Ltd in Japan (“Western Asset Japan”) provide certain subadvisory services to the Fund pursuant to subadvisory agreements with Western Asset (each a
“Non-U.S.
Subadvisory Agreement”). The
Non-U.S.
Subadvisers provide certain subadvisory services relating to currency transactions and investments in
non-U.S.
dollar-denominated securities and related foreign currency instruments. Western Asset London generally manages global and
non-U.S.
dollar fixed income mandates, Western Asset Japan generally manages Japanese fixed income mandates, and Western Asset Singapore generally manages Asian (other than Japan) fixed income mandates. Each office provides services relating to relevant portions of Western Asset’s broader portfolios as appropriate.
 
Western Asset pays Western Asset Singapore, Western Asset Japan and Western Asset London a monthly subadvisory fee in an amount equal to 100% of the management fee paid to Western Asset on the assets that
 
S-3

   Western Asset allocates to each such
Non-U.S.
Subadviser to manage. See “Management of the Fund.”
The Offering
   Common Shares offered:     shares
   Shares outstanding after the offering:     shares
   Shares outstanding after the offering:     shares
Risks
   See “Risks” beginning on page 39 of the accompanying Prospectus for a discussion of factors you should consider carefully before deciding to invest in the Fund’s Common Shares.
 
S-4

 
SUMMARY OF FUND EXPENSES
The purpose of the following table and example is to help you understand all fees and expenses holders of Common Shares would bear directly or indirectly. The table below is based on the capital structure of the Fund as (except as noted below).
 
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES
  
Sales Load (Percentage of Offering Price)
     —%
(1)
 
Offering Expenses Borne by the Fund (Percentage of Offering Price)
     —%
(2)
 
Dividend Reinvestment Plan Per Transaction Fee to Sell Shares Obtained Pursuant to the Plan
   $ 5.00
(3)
 
TOTAL TRANSACTION EXPENSES (as a percentage of offering price)
(4)
  
 
    
Percentage of Net

Assets Attributable

to Common Shares

(Assumes Leverage

is Used)
ANNUAL EXPENSES
  
Management Fees
(5)
   %
Interest Payment on Borrowed Funds
(6)
   %
Other Expenses
(7)
   %
  
 
TOTAL ANNUAL EXPENSES
   %
  
 
 
(1)
The sales load will apply only if the securities to which this Prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters. In such case, a corresponding Prospectus Supplement will disclose the applicable sales load.
(2)
The related Prospectus Supplement will disclose the estimated amount of offering expenses, the offering price and the offering expenses borne by the Fund as a percentage of the offering price.
(3)
Common Shareholders will pay brokerage charges if they direct the Plan Agent (defined below) to sell Common Shares held in a dividend reinvestment account. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.” There are no fees charged to shareholders for participating in the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan. However, shareholders participating in the Plan that elect to sell their shares obtained pursuant to the plan would pay $[ ] per transaction to sell shares.
(4)
The related Prospectus Supplement will disclose the offering price and the total shareholder transaction expenses as a percentage of the offering price.
(5)
FTFA receives an annual fee, payable monthly, in an amount equal to 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily Managed Assets. “Managed Assets” means the net assets of the Fund plus the principal amount of any borrowings or preferred shares that may be outstanding, reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls or similar transactions. For the purposes of this table, we have assumed that the Fund has utilized Borrowings in an aggregate amount of    % of its Managed Assets (after their issuance). If the Fund were to use financial leverage in excess of    % of its Managed Assets, the management fees shown would be higher.
(6)
Based on the Fund’s outstanding Borrowings as of $     million, which represented financial leverage of    % of the Fund’s Managed Assets. The expenses and rates associated with leverage may vary as and when Borrowings are made.
(7)
Estimated based on amounts incurred in the period ended     .
Example*
The following example illustrates the hypothetical expenses that you would pay on a $1,000 investment in Common Shares, assuming (i) Total Annual Expenses” of    % of net assets attributable to Common Shares (which assumes the Fund’s use of leverage in an aggregate amount equal to    % of the Fund’s Managed Assets) and (ii) a 5% annual return:
 
1 Year
 
3 Years
 
5 Years
 
10 Years
$   $   $   $
 
*
The example above should not be considered a representation of future expenses. Actual expenses may be higher or lower than those shown. The example assumes that all dividends and distributions are reinvested at net asset value. Actual expenses may be greater or less than those assumed. Moreover, the Fund’s actual rate of return may be greater or less than the hypothetical 5% return shown in the example.
 
S-5

USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement, the Fund intends to invest the net proceeds of any offering of its securities in accordance with its investment objective and policies as stated herein. It is currently anticipated that the Fund will be able to invest substantially all of the net proceeds in accordance with its investment objective and policies within three months after the completion of any offering. Pending such investment, it is anticipated that the proceeds will be primarily invested in short-term investment grade securities.
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth our capitalization (i) as of    , 20[ ] and (ii) as adjusted to give effect to the issuance of the common shares offered hereby. As indicated below, Common Shareholders will bear the offering costs associated with this offering:
 
    
Actual
    
As Adjusted
 
    
  (Audited)  
    
 (Unaudited) 
 
Cash and Restricted Cash
  
$
 
 
  
$
 
 
Total Debt:
     
Loan payable
  
$
 
 
  
$
 
 
Payable for open reverse repurchase agreements
  
$
 
 
  
$
 
 
Net Assets:
     
Common Shares ($0.001 par value per share; unlimited shares authorized;     shares issued and outstanding (actual);     shares issued and outstanding (as adjusted) and shares issued and outstanding (as further adjusted))(1)
  
$
 
 
  
$
 
 
Paid-in
capital in excess of par value
     
Total distributable earnings (loss)
     
Total Net Assets
  
$
 
 
  
$
 
 
 
S-6

DISTRIBUTIONS
We have paid distributions to Common Shareholders every month since September 2021. The following table sets forth information about distributions we paid to our Common Shareholders since 202[ ], percentage participation by Common Shareholders in our dividend reinvestment program and reinvestments and related issuances of additional Common Shares as a result of such participation (the information in the table is unaudited):
 
Distribution Payable
Date to
Common
Shareholders
 
Amount of
Distribution Per
Share
 
Percentage of
Common
Shareholders Electing
to Participate in
Dividend
Reinvestment
Program
  
Amount of
Corresponding
Reinvestment
through Dividend
Reinvestment
Program
  
Additional Shares
of Common Shares
Issued through
Dividend
Reinvestment
Program
Unless a Common Shareholder elects to receive distributions in cash (
i.e.
, opt out), all of such Common Shareholder’s distributions, including any capital gains distributions on Common Shares, will be automatically reinvested in additional Common Shares under the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
 
S-7

MARKET AND NET ASSET VALUE INFORMATION
The Fund’s currently outstanding Common Shares are listed on the NYSE under the symbol “WDI.” Our Common Shares commenced trading on the NYSE on June 24, 2021.
Our Common Shares have traded both at a premium and at a discount in relation to the Fund’s net asset value per share. Although our Common Shares have traded at a premium to net asset value, we cannot assure that this will occur after any offering or that the Common Share will not trade at a discount in the future. Our issuance of additional Common Shares may have an adverse effect on prices in the secondary market for our Common Shares by increasing the number of Common Shares available, which may create downward pressure on the market price for our Common Shares. Shares of
closed-end
investment companies frequently trade at a discount to net asset value. See “Risks—Market Price Discount from Net Asset Value Risk.”
The following table sets forth for each of the periods indicated the range of high and low closing sale price of our Common Shares and the
quarter-end
sale price, each as reported on the NYSE, the net asset value per Common Share and the premium or discount to net asset value per share at which our shares were trading. Net asset value is generally determined on each business day that the NYSE is open for business. See “Net Asset Value” for information as to the determination of our net asset value.
 
           
Price Range
               
    
 NAV 
    
 High 
    
 Low 
    
Premium of

High Sales

 Price to NAV(2) 
    
Premium of

Low Sales

 Price to NAV(2) 
 
Fiscal Year 20[ ]
              
              
 
Source of market prices: NYSE.
(1)
Net asset value per share is determined as of close of business on the last day of the relevant quarter and therefore may not reflect the net asset value per share on the date of the high and low closing sales prices, which may or may not fall on the last day of the quarter. Net asset value per share is calculated as described in “Net Asset Value.”
(2)
Calculated as of the
quarter-end
closing sales price divided by the
quarter-end
net asset value.
On     , the last reported sale price of our Common Shares on the NYSE was $    , which represented a     of approximately    % to the net asset value per share reported by us on that date.
As of     , we had approximately     million Common Shares outstanding and we had net assets attributable to Common Shareholders of approximately $    billion.
 
S-8

UNDERWRITING/PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
[TO BE FURNISHED AT TIME OF OFFERING]
 
S-9

LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with the securities will be passed upon for the Fund by Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP, Washington, D.C. and for the underwriters by    . Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP may rely as to certain matters of Maryland law on the opinion of Venable LLP, Baltimore, Maryland.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements included in the annual report to the Fund’s shareholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 202[ ] and together with the report of     for the Fund’s annual report, are incorporated herein by reference to the Fund’s annual report to shareholders. All other portions of the annual report to shareholders are not incorporated herein by reference and are not part of the registration statement, the SAI, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement.
 
S-10

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
[    ] serves as the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm of the Fund and audits the financial statements of the Fund. [    ] is located at [    ].
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and are required to file reports (including our annual and semi-annual reports), proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our most recent shareholder report filed with the SEC is for the period ended     . Such reports, proxy statements and other information, as well as the registration statement and the amendments, exhibits and schedules thereto, can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC in Washington, D.C. Information about the operation of the public reference facilities may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202)
551-8090.
Copies of such material may also be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates. You can obtain the same information free of charge from the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. You may also
e-mail
requests for these documents to publinfo@sec.gov or make a request in writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549
This Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus do not contain all of the information in our registration statement, including amendments, exhibits, and schedules. Statements in this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus about the contents of any contract or other document are not necessarily complete and in each instance reference is made to the copy of the contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects by this reference. Additional information about us can be found in our Registration Statement (including amendments, exhibits, and schedules) on Form
N-2
filed with the SEC. The SEC maintains a web site (www.sec.gov) that contains our Registration Statement, other documents incorporated by reference, and other information we have filed electronically with the SEC, including proxy statements and reports filed under the Exchange Act.
 
S-11

Up to $[
]
Western Asset Diversified Income Fund
Shares of
Common Shares
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
[
], 202[
]
[Underwriter(s)]

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
   Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
(To Prospectus dated [●], 20[●])   
Registration Statement
No. 333-[●]
WESTERN ASSET DIVERSIFIED INCOME FUND
[
] Rights for [
] Common Shares
Subscription Rights to Acquire Common Shares
Western Asset Diversified Income Fund, a Maryland statutory trust (the “Fund”, “we”, “us” or “our”), is issuing subscription rights (the “Rights”) to our common shareholders (the “Common Shareholders”) to purchase additional common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share (“Common Shares”).
The Fund is a diversified,
closed-end
management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). The Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek high current income. As a secondary investment objective, the Fund will seek capital appreciation. The Fund’s investment adviser is Franklin Templeton Fund Adviser, LLC (the “Manager”).
The Common Shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “WDI”. Common Shareholders of record on [●], 20[●] (the “Record Date”) will receive [●] Rights for each share of Common Share held. [These Rights are transferable and will allow the holders thereof to purchase additional Common Shares. The Rights will be listed for trading on the [●] under the symbol “[●]” during the course of the Rights offering.]
The Rights entitle the holder to acquire, at a subscription price per Common Share (the “Subscription Price”) determined based upon a formula equal to [●]% of the average of the last reported sales price of the Fund’s Common Shares on the NYSE on the Expiration Date (as defined below) and each of the [four] preceding trading days (the “Formula Price”), [●] new Common Shares for each [●] Rights held. If, however, the Formula Price is less than [●]% of the net asset value per Common Share at the close of trading on the NYSE on the Expiration Date, then the Subscription Price will be [●]% of the Fund’s net asset value per Common Share at the close of trading on the NYSE on that day. The estimated Subscription Price to the public of $[●] is based upon [●]% of the last reported sales price of the Fund’s Common Shares on the NYSE on [●], 20[●]. Fractional shares will not be issued upon the exercise of the Rights. Accordingly, Common Shares may be purchased only pursuant to the exercise of Rights in integral multiples of [●]. The number of Rights to be issued to a Record Date Shareholder will be rounded up to the nearest number of Rights evenly divisible by [●]. Rights may be exercised at any time during the period (the “Subscription Period”) which commences on [●], 20[●], and ends at [5:00 PM Eastern Time] on [●], 20[●] (the “Expiration Date”), unless otherwise extended.
For key dates related to the Rights Offering, please see “Important Dates to Remember” on page
S-13.
On [●], 20[●] (the last trading date prior to the Common Shares trading
ex-Rights),
the last reported net asset value per share of the Common Shares was $[●] and the last reported sales price per Common Share on the NYSE was $[●], representing a [●]% [premium/discount] to net asset value.
An investment in the Fund is not appropriate for all investors. We cannot assure you that the Fund’s investment objectives will be achieved. You should read this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus before deciding whether to invest in the Common Shares and retain it for future reference. The Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus contain important information about the Fund. Material that has been incorporated by reference, including the Fund’s audited annual financial statements, and other information about the Fund can be obtained from the Fund by calling
1-888-777-0102,
writing to the Fund at 620 Eighth Avenue, 47
th
Floor, New York, NY 10018, accessing the Fund’s website at
www.franklintempleton.com/investments/options/closed-end-funds
or from the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) website (http://www.sec.gov). For additional information all holders of Rights should
 
S-ii

contact the Information Agent, [●], at [●]. Common Shareholders please call toll-free at [●] (banks and brokers please call [●]) or please send written requests to [●].
Investing in Common Shares through Rights involves certain risks that are described in the “Special Characteristics and Risks of the Rights Offering” section of this Prospectus Supplement. A Rights Offering (a) will substantially dilute the net asset value of Common Shares owned by Common Shareholders who do not fully exercise their Rights and purchase additional shares; (b) will substantially dilute the voting power of Common Shareholders who do not fully exercise their rights since they will own a smaller proportionate interest in the Fund upon completion of the offering; and (c) may increase the discount if the subscription price per share is set at a time when the Common Shares are trading at a discount. Primary or secondary over-subscriptions in a Rights Offering may cause further dilution for Common Shareholders who do not exercise their Rights.
Internet Delivery of Fund Reports Unless You Request Paper Copies:
As permitted by regulations adopted by the SEC, the Fund does not intend to mail paper copies of the Fund’s shareholder reports, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports from the Fund or from your financial intermediary (such as a broker-dealer or bank). Instead, the reports will be made available on a website, and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report. If you invest through a financial intermediary and you already elected to receive shareholder reports electronically
(“e-delivery”),
you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. If you have not already elected
e-delivery,
you may elect to receive shareholder reports and other communications from the Fund electronically by contacting your financial intermediary. You may elect to receive all reports in paper free of charge. If you invest through a financial intermediary, you can contact your financial intermediary to request that you receive paper copies of your shareholder reports. That election will apply to all Franklin Templeton Funds held in your account at that financial intermediary. If you are a direct shareholder with the Fund, you can call the Fund at
1-888-888-0151,
or write to the Fund by regular mail at P.O. Box 505000, Louisville, KY 40233 or by overnight delivery to Computershare, 462 South 4th Street, Suite 1600, Louisville, KY 40202 to let the Fund know you wish to receive paper copies of your shareholder reports. That election will apply to all Franklin Templeton Funds held in your account held directly with the fund complex.
SHAREHOLDERS WHO DO NOT FULLY EXERCISE THEIR RIGHTS MAY, AT THE COMPLETION OF THE OFFERING, OWN A SMALLER PROPORTIONAL INTEREST IN THE FUND THAN IF THEY EXERCISED THEIR RIGHTS. AS A RESULT OF THE OFFERING YOU MAY EXPERIENCE SUBSTANTIAL DILUTION OF THE AGGREGATE NET ASSET VALUE OF YOUR COMMON SHARES DEPENDING UPON WHETHER THE FUND’S NET ASSET VALUE PER COMMON SHARE IS ABOVE OR BELOW THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE ON THE EXPIRATION DATE. ALL COSTS OF THE OFFERING WILL BE BORNE BY THE FUND, AND INDIRECTLY BY CURRENT SHAREHOLDERS WHETHER THEY EXERCISE THEIR RIGHTS OR NOT. RIGHTS EXERCISED BY A SHAREHOLDER ARE IRREVOCABLE.
ANY COMMON SHARE ISSUED AS A RESULT OF THE RIGHTS OFFERING WILL NOT BE RECORD DATE SHARES FOR THE FUND’S MONTHLY DISTRIBUTION TO BE PAID ON [
] , 20[
] AND WILL NOT BE ENTITLED TO RECEIVE SUCH DISTRIBUTION.
 
S-iii

NEITHER THE SEC NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED THESE SECURITIES OR DETERMINED IF THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT IS TRUTHFUL OR COMPLETE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
 
    
Per

 Share 
  
 Total 
Estimated subscription price of Common Shares to shareholders exercising Rights
(1)
   $[●]    $[●]
Underwriting discounts and commissions
(2)
   $[●]    $[●]
Estimated proceeds, before expenses, to the Fund
(3)
   $[●]    $[●]
 
(1)
The estimated Subscription Price to the public is based upon [●]% of the last reported sales price of the Fund’s Common Shares on the NYSE on [●], 20[●].
(2)
For additional underwriting compensation information, please see “Plan of Distribution.”
(3)
Before deduction of expenses related to the Rights offering, which are estimated approximately at $[●]. Any offering expenses are paid indirectly by shareholders. Such fees and expenses will immediately reduce the net asset value per share of each share of Common Share purchased by an investor in the Rights offering. The indirect expenses of the offering that shareholders will pay are estimated to be $[●] in the aggregate and $[●] per share. The amount of proceeds to the Fund net of any fees and expenses of the offering are estimated to be $[●] in the aggregate and $[●] per share. Shareholders will not directly bear any offering expenses.
The Common Shares are expected to be ready for delivery in book-entry form through the Depository Trust Company on or about [●], 20[●][, unless extended. If the offering is extended, the Common Shares are expected to be ready for delivery in book-entry form through the Depository Trust Company on or about [●], 20[●].]
The date of this Prospectus Supplement is [
], 20[
].
 
S-iv

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus. The Fund has not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. The Fund is not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should not assume that the information contained in this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date of this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus, respectively. This Prospectus Supplement will be amended to reflect material changes to the information contained herein and will be delivered to shareholders. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. In this Prospectus Supplement and in the accompanying Prospectus, unless otherwise indicated, “Fund,” “us,” “our” and “we” refer to Western Asset Diversified Income Fund, a Maryland statutory trust. This Prospectus Supplement also includes trademarks owned by other persons.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prospectus Supplement
  
    
S-vi
 
    
S-7
 
    
S-11
 
    
S-20
 
    
S-21
 
    
S-22
 
    
S-23
 
    
S-24
 
    
S-27
 
    
S-28
 
    
S-30
 
    
S-30
 
Prospectus
  
     1  
     19  
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     33  
     39  
     58  
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     82  
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     86  
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     87  
     88  
 
S-v

CAUTIONARY NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Prospectus Supplement, the accompanying Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) contain “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements can be identified by the words “may,” “will,” “intend,” “expect,” “estimate,” “continue,” “plan,” “anticipate,” and similar terms and the negative of such terms. Such forward-looking statements may be contained in this Prospectus Supplement as well as in the accompanying Prospectus and in the SAI. By their nature, all forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results could differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Several factors that could materially affect our actual results are the performance of the portfolio of securities we hold, the price at which our shares will trade in the public markets and other factors discussed in our periodic filings with the SEC.
Although we believe that the expectations expressed in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in our forward-looking statements. Our future financial condition and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed in the “Risks” section of the accompanying Prospectus and “Special Characteristics and Risks of the Rights Offering” in this Prospectus Supplement. All forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus Supplement or the accompanying Prospectus, or in the SAI, are made as of the date of this Prospectus Supplement or the accompanying Prospectus or SAI, as the case may be. Except for our ongoing obligations under the federal securities laws, we do not intend, and we undertake no obligation, to update any forward-looking statement. The forward-looking statements contained in this Prospectus Supplement, the accompanying Prospectus and the SAI are excluded from the safe harbor protection provided by Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).
Currently known risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations include, but are not limited to, the factors described in the “Risks and Special Considerations” section of the accompanying Prospectus as well as in the “Special Characteristics and Risks of the Rights Offering” section of this Prospectus Supplement. We urge you to review carefully those sections for a more detailed discussion of the risks of an investment in the Common Shares.
 
S-vi

SUMMARY OF TERMS OF THE RIGHTS OFFERING
 
Terms of the Rights Offering
   One transferable subscription right (a “Right”) will be issued for each share of common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share (“Common Shares”), of Western Asset Diversified Income Fund, a Maryland statutory trust (the “Fund”) held on the Record Date (as defined below). Rights are expected to trade on the [●] under the symbol “[●]”. The Rights will allow Common Shareholders to subscribe for new Common Shares of the Fund. [●] Common Shares of the Fund are outstanding as of [●], 20[●]. [●] Rights will be required to purchase one share of Common Shares. Shares of the Fund, as a
closed-end
fund, can trade at a discount to net asset value. Upon exercise of the Rights offering, Fund shares [are expected to] [may] be issued at a price below net asset value per share of Common Shares. [An over-subscription privilege will be offered, subject to the right of the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the “Board”) to eliminate the over-subscription privilege.] [●] Common Shares of the Fund will be issued if all Rights are exercised. See “Terms of the Rights Offering.” Any Common Shares issued as a result of the Rights offering will not be record date shares for the Fund’s monthly distribution to be paid on [●], 20[●] and will not be entitled to receive such distribution. The exercise of rights by a shareholder is irrevocable.
Amount Available for Primary Subscription
   Approximately $[●], before expenses.
Title
   Subscription Rights to Acquire Common Shares.
Subscription Price
   The final subscription price per Common Share (the “Subscription Price”) will be determined based upon a formula equal to [●]% of the average of the last reported sales price per share of the Fund’s Common Shares on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) on the Expiration Date (as defined below) and each of the [four] preceding trading days (the “Formula Price”). If, however, the Formula Price is less than [●]% of the net asset value per Common Share at the close of trading on the NYSE on the Expiration Date, then the Subscription Price will be [●]% of the Fund’s net asset value per Common Share at the close of trading on the NYSE on that day. See “Terms of the Rights Offering.”
Record Date
   Rights will be issued to holders of record of the Fund’s Common Shares as of the close of business on [●], 20[●] (the “Record Date”). See “Terms of the Rights Offering.”
Number of Rights Issued
   One Right will be issued in respect of each Common Share of the Fund outstanding as of the close of business on the Record Date. See “Terms of the Rights Offering.”
Number of Rights Required to Purchase One Common Share
   A holder of Rights may purchase [●] Common Shares of the Fund for every [●] Rights exercised. The number of Rights to be issued to a shareholder as of the close of business on the Record Date will be rounded up to the nearest number of Rights evenly divisible by [●]. See “Terms of the Rights Offering.”
Over-Subscription Privilege
   Holders of Common Shares as of the close of business on the Record Date (“Record Date Shareholders”) who fully exercise all Rights initially issued to them are entitled to buy those Common Shares, referred to as
 
S-7

   “primary oversubscription shares,” that were not purchased by other Rights holders at the same Subscription Price. If enough primary over-subscription shares are available, all such requests will be honored in full. If the requests for primary over-subscription shares exceed the primary over-subscription shares available, the available primary oversubscription shares will be allocated pro rata among those fully exercising Record Date Shareholders who over-subscribe based on the number of Rights originally issued to them by the Fund. Common Shares acquired pursuant to the primary over-subscription privilege are subject to allotment.
Rights acquired in the secondary market may not participate in the primary over-subscription privilege.
   [In addition, the Fund, in its sole discretion, may determine to issue additional Common Shares at the same Subscription Price in an amount of up to [●]% of the shares issued pursuant to the primary subscription, referred to as “secondary over-subscription shares.” Should the Fund determine to issue some or all of the secondary over-subscription shares, they will be allocated only among Record Date Shareholders who submitted over-subscription requests. Secondary over-subscription shares will be allocated pro rata among those fully exercising Record Date Shareholders who over-subscribe based on the number of Rights originally issued to them by the Fund.
Rights acquired in the secondary market may not participate in the secondary over-subscription privilege.
]
   Notwithstanding the above, the Board has the right in its absolute discretion to eliminate the primary over-subscription privilege and/or secondary over-subscription privilege (together, the “over-subscription privilege”) if it considers it to be in the best interest of the Fund to do so. The Board may make that determination at any time, without prior notice to Rights holders or others, up to and including the fifth day following the Expiration Date (as defined below). See “Over-Subscription Privilege.”
   Any Common Shares issued pursuant to the over-subscription privilege will be shares registered under the Prospectus.
Transfer of Rights
   [The Rights will be transferable. See “Terms of the Rights Offering,” “Sales by Rights Agent” and “Method of Transferring Rights.”]
Subscription Period
   The Rights may be exercised at any time after issuance and prior to expiration of the Rights (the “Subscription Period”), which will be [5:00 PM Eastern Time] on [●], 20[●] (the “Expiration Date”), unless otherwise extended. See “Terms of the Rights Offering” and “Method of Exercise of Rights.” The Rights offering may be terminated [or extended] by the Fund at any time for any reason before the Expiration Date. If the Fund terminates the rights offering, the Fund will issue a press release announcing such termination and will direct the Rights Agent (defined below) to return, without interest, all subscription proceeds received to such shareholders who had elected to purchase Common Shares.
Offering Expenses
   The expenses of the Rights offering are expected to be approximately $[●] and will be borne by the Fund (and indirectly by holders of the Fund’s Common Shares). See “Use of Proceeds.”
 
S-8

Sale of Rights
   [The Rights are transferable until the completion of the Subscription Period and will be admitted for trading on the [●] under the symbol “[●]”. Although no assurance can be given that a market for the Rights will develop, trading in the Rights on the [●] is expected to begin two Business Days prior to the Record Date and may be conducted until the close of trading on the last [●] trading day prior to the Expiration Date. For purposes of this Prospectus Supplement, a “Business Day” shall mean any day on which trading is conducted on the [●].
   The value of the Rights, if any, will be reflected by their market price on the [●]. Rights may be sold by individual holders through their broker or financial advisor or may be submitted to the Rights Agent (defined below) for sale. Any Rights submitted to the Rights Agent for sale must be received by the Rights Agent prior to [5:00 PM, Eastern Time], on or before [●], 20[●], [●] Business Days prior to the Expiration Date (or, if the subscription period is extended, prior to [5:00 PM, Eastern Time], on the [●] Business Day prior to the extended Expiration Date).
   Rights that are sold will not confer any right to acquire any Common Shares in any over-subscription, and any Record Date Shareholder who sells any Rights will not be eligible to participate in the over-subscription privilege, if any.
   Trading of the Rights on the [●] will be conducted on a when-issued basis until and including the date on which the Subscription Certificates (as defined below) are mailed to Record Date Shareholders of record and thereafter will be conducted on a
regular-way
basis until and including the last [●] trading day prior to the completion of the Subscription Period. The Common Shares are expected to begin trading
ex-Rights
one Business Day prior to the Record Date.
   If the Rights Agent receives Rights for sale in a timely manner, the Rights Agent will use its best efforts to sell the Rights on the [●]. The Rights Agent will also attempt to sell any Rights attributable to shareholders of record whose addresses are outside the United States, or who have an APO or FPO address. See “Foreign Restrictions.” The Rights Agent will attempt to sell such Rights, including by first offering such Rights to the Dealer Manager for purchase by the Dealer Manager at the then-current market price on the [●]. The Rights Agent will offer Rights to the Dealer Manager before attempting to sell them on the [●].
  
Any commissions will be paid by the selling Rights holders. Neither the Fund nor the Rights Agent will be responsible if Rights cannot be sold and neither has guaranteed any minimum sales price for the Rights. If the Rights can be sold, sales of these Rights will be deemed to have been effected at the weighted average price received by the Rights Agent on the day such Rights are sold, less any applicable brokerage commissions, taxes and other expenses (
i.e.
, costs incidental to the sale of Rights).
 
For a discussion of actions that may be taken by [●] (the “Dealer Manager”) to seek to facilitate the trading market for Rights and the placement of Common Shares pursuant to the exercise of Rights, including the purchase of Rights and the sale during the Subscription Period by the Dealer Manager of Common Shares acquired through the
 
S-9

   exercise of Rights and the terms on which such sales will be made, see “Plan of Distribution.”
   Shareholders are urged to obtain a recent trading price for the Rights on the [●] from their broker, bank, financial advisor or the financial press.
   Banks, broker-dealers and trust companies that hold Common Shares for the accounts of others are advised to notify those persons that purchase Rights in the secondary market that such Rights will not participate in any over-subscription privilege. See “Terms of the Rights Offering” and “Sales by Rights Agent.”]
Use of Proceeds
   The Fund estimates the net proceeds of the Rights offering to be approximately $[●]. This figure is based on the Subscription Price per Common Share of $[●] ([●]% of the last reported sales price of the Fund’s Common Shares on the NYSE on [●], 20[●]) and assumes all new Common Shares offered are sold and that the expenses related to the Rights offering estimated at approximately $[●] are paid.
   The Manager anticipates that investment of the proceeds will be made in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies as appropriate investment opportunities are identified, which is expected to be substantially completed in approximately three months; however, the identification of appropriate investment opportunities pursuant to the Fund’s investment style or changes in market conditions may cause the investment period to extend as long as six months. Pending such investment, the proceeds will be held in cash and/or high quality short term debt securities and instruments. Depending on market conditions and operations, a portion of the cash held by the Fund, including any proceeds raised from the offering, may be used to pay distributions in accordance with the Fund’s distribution policy and may be a return of capital. A return of capital is a return to investors of a portion of their original investment in the Fund. In general terms, a return of capital would involve a situation in which a Fund distribution (or a portion thereof) represents a return of a portion of a shareholder’s investment in the Fund, rather than making a distribution that is funded from the Fund’s earned income or other profits. Although return of capital distributions may not be currently taxable, such distributions would decrease the basis of a shareholder’s shares (but not below zero), and therefore, may increase a shareholder’s tax liability for capital gains upon a sale of shares, even if sold at a loss to the shareholder’s original investment. See “Use of Proceeds.”
Taxation/ERISA
   See “Taxation” and “Employee Benefit Plan and IRA Considerations.”
Rights Agent
   [●]. See “Rights Agent.”
Information Agent
   [●]. See “Information Agent.”
 
S-10

DESCRIPTION OF THE RIGHTS OFFERING
Terms of the Rights Offering
The Fund is issuing to Record Date Shareholders Rights to subscribe for Common Shares of the Fund. Each Record Date Shareholder is being issued one transferable Right for each Common Share owned on the Record Date. The Rights entitle the holder to acquire, at a subscription price per Common Share (the “Subscription Price”) determined based upon a formula equal to [●]% of the average of the last reported sales price of the Fund’s Common Share on the NYSE on the Expiration Date (as defined below) and each of the [four] preceding trading days (the “Formula Price”), [●] new Common Shares for each [●] Rights held. If, however, the Formula Price is less than [●]% of the net asset value per Common Share at the close of trading on the NYSE on the Expiration Date, then the Subscription Price will be [●]% of the Fund’s net asset value per Common Share at the close of trading on the NYSE on that day. The estimated Subscription Price to the public of $[●] is based upon [●]% of the last reported sales price of the Fund’s Common Shares on the NYSE on [●], 20[●]. Fractional shares will not be issued upon the exercise of the Rights. Accordingly, Common Shares may be purchased only pursuant to the exercise of Rights in integral multiples of [●]. The number of Rights to be issued to a Record Date Shareholder will be rounded up to the nearest number of Rights evenly divisible by [●]. In the case of Common Shares held of record by Cede & Co. (“Cede”), as nominee for the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), or any other depository or nominee, the number of Rights issued to Cede or such other depository or nominee will be adjusted to permit rounding up (to the nearest number of Rights evenly divisible by [●]) of the Rights to be received by beneficial owners for whom it is the holder of record only if Cede or such other depository or nominee provides to the Fund on or before the close of business on [●], 20[●] written representation of the number of Rights required for such rounding. Rights may be exercised at any time during the period (the “Subscription Period”) which commences on [●], 20[●], and ends at [5:00 PM Eastern Time] on [●], 20[●] (the “Expiration Date”), unless otherwise extended. Shares of the Fund, as a
closed-end
fund, can trade at a discount to net asset value. Upon exercise of the Rights offering, Fund shares [are expected to] [may] be issued at a price below net asset value per Common Share. The right to acquire one share of Common Share for each [●] Rights held during the Subscription Period (or any extension of the Subscription Period) at the Subscription Price will be referred to in the remainder of this Prospectus Supplement as the “Rights offering.”
Rights will expire on the Expiration Date and thereafter may not be exercised.
Any share of Common Shares issued as a result of the Rights offering will not be record date shares for the Fund’s monthly distribution to be paid on [
], 20[
] and will not be entitled to receive such distribution.
The Fund has entered into a dealer manager agreement with the Dealer Manager that allows the Dealer Manager (as defined herein) to take actions to seek to facilitate the trading market for Rights and the placement of Common Shares pursuant to the exercise of Rights. Those actions are expected to involve the Dealer Manager purchasing and exercising Rights during the Subscription Period at prices determined at the time of such exercise, which are expected to vary from the Subscription Price. See “Plan of Distribution” for additional information.
Rights may be evidenced by subscription certificates or may be uncertificated and evidenced by other appropriate documentation (
i.e.
, a rights card distributed to registered shareholders in lieu of a subscription certificate) (“Subscription Certificates”). The number of Rights issued to each holder will be stated on the Subscription Certificate delivered to the holder. The method by which Rights may be exercised and Common Shares paid for is set forth below in “Method of Exercise of Rights,” “Payment for Shares” and “Plan of Distribution.” A holder of Rights will have no right to rescind a purchase after [●] (the “Rights Agent”) has received payment. See “Payment for Shares” below. It is anticipated that the Common Shares issued pursuant to an exercise of Rights will be listed on the [●].
[Holders of Rights [who are Record Date Shareholders] are entitled to subscribe for additional Common Shares at the same Subscription Price pursuant to the over-subscription privilege, subject to certain limitations, allotment and the right of the Board to eliminate the primary oversubscription privilege [or secondary] over-subscription privilege. See “Over-Subscription Privilege” below.]
For purposes of determining the maximum number of Common Shares that may be acquired pursuant to the Rights offering, broker-dealers, trust companies, banks or others whose shares are held of record by Cede or by
 
S-11

any other depository or nominee will be deemed to be the holders of the Rights that are held by Cede or such other depository or nominee on their behalf.
[The Rights are transferable until the completion of the Subscription Period and will be admitted for trading on the [●] under the symbol “[●]”. Assuming a market exists for the Rights, the Rights may be purchased and sold through usual brokerage channels and also sold through the Rights Agent. Although no assurance can be given that a market for the Rights will develop, trading in the Rights on the [●] is expected to begin two Business Days prior to the Record Date and may be conducted until the close of trading on the last [●] trading day prior to the Expiration Date. Trading of the Rights on the [●] is expected to be conducted on a when-issued basis until and including the date on which the Subscription Certificates are mailed to Record Date Shareholders of record and thereafter is expected to be conducted on a regular way basis until and including the last [●] trading day prior to the Expiration Date. The method by which Rights may be transferred is set forth below under “Method of Transferring Rights.” The Common Shares are expected to begin trading
ex-Rights
one Business Day prior to the Record Date as determined and announced by the [●].] The Rights offering may be terminated or extended by the Fund at any time for any reason before the Expiration Date. If the Fund terminates the Rights offering, the Fund will issue a press release announcing such termination and will direct the Rights Agent to return, without interest, all subscription proceeds received to such shareholders who had elected to purchase Common Shares.
Nominees who hold the Fund’s Common Shares for the account of others, such as banks, broker-dealers, trustees or depositories for securities, should notify the respective beneficial owners of such Common Shares as soon as possible to ascertain such beneficial owners’ intentions and to obtain instructions with respect to the Rights. If the beneficial owner so instructs, the nominee should complete the Subscription Certificate and submit it to the Rights Agent with proper payment. In addition, beneficial owners of the Common Shares or Rights held through such a nominee should contact the nominee and request the nominee to effect transactions in accordance with such beneficial owner’s instructions.
[Participants in the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the “Plan”) will be issued Rights in respect of the Common Shares held in their accounts in the Plan. Participants wishing to exercise these Rights must exercise the Rights in accordance with the procedures set forth in “Method of Exercise of Rights” and “Payment for Shares.”]
Conditions of the Rights Offering
The rights offering is being made in accordance with the 1940 Act without shareholder approval. The staff of the SEC has interpreted the 1940 Act as not requiring shareholder approval of a transferable rights offering to purchase Common Shares at a price below the then current net asset value so long as certain conditions are met, including: (i) a good faith determination by a fund’s board that such offering would result in a net benefit to existing shareholders; (ii) the offering fully protects shareholders’ preemptive rights and does not discriminate among shareholders (except for the possible effect of not offering fractional rights); (iii) management uses its best efforts to ensure an adequate trading market in the rights for use by shareholders who do not exercise such rights; and (iv) the ratio of a transferable rights offering does not exceed one new share for each three rights held.
 
S-12

Important Dates to Remember
[Please note that the dates in the table below may change if the rights offering is extended.]
 
 Event
  
 Date
 
  
 
 Record Date
    [●] 20[●]†
 Subscription Period
    [●] 20[●] through [●], 20[●]†
 Expiration Date*
    [●] 20[●]†
 Payment for Guarantees Delivery Due*
    [●] 20[●]†
 Issuance Date
    [●] 20[●]†
 Confirmation Date
    [●] 20[●]†
 
*
A shareholder exercising Rights must deliver to the Rights Agent by [5:00 PM Eastern Time] on [●], 20[●] (unless the offer is extended) either (a) a Subscription Certificate and payment for Common Shares or (b) a notice of guaranteed delivery and payment for Common Shares.
Unless the offer is extended.
[Over-Subscription Privilege
The Board has the right in its absolute discretion to eliminate the over-subscription privilege with respect to primary over-subscription shares and secondary over-subscription shares if it considers it to be in the best interest of the Fund to do so. The Board may make that determination at any time, without prior notice to Rights holders or others, up to and including the fifth day following the Expiration Date. If the primary over-subscription privilege is not eliminated, it will operate as set forth below.
Rights holders [who are Record Date Shareholders and who fully exercise their Rights] are entitled to subscribe for additional Common Shares at the same Subscription Price pursuant to the over-subscription privilege, subject to certain limitations and subject to allotment.
[Record Date Shareholders who fully exercise all Rights initially issued to them] are entitled to buy those Common Shares, referred to as “primary over-subscription shares,” that were not purchased by other holders of Rights at the same Subscription Price. If enough primary over-subscription shares are available, all such requests will be honored in full. If the requests for primary over-subscription shares exceed the primary over-subscription shares available, the available primary over-subscription shares will be allocated pro rata among those fully exercising [Record Date Shareholders] who over-subscribe based on the number of Rights originally issued to them by the Fund.
Common Shares acquired pursuant to the over-subscription privilege are subject to allotment.
[In addition, the Fund, in its sole discretion, may determine to issue additional Common Shares at the same Subscription Price in an amount of up to [ ]% of the shares issued pursuant to the primary subscription, referred to as “secondary over-subscription shares.” Should the Fund determine to issue some or all of the secondary over-subscription shares, they will be allocated only among Record Date Shareholders who submitted over-subscription requests. Secondary over-subscription shares will be allocated pro rata among those fully exercising Record Date Shareholders who over-subscribe based on the number of Rights originally issued to them by the Fund.
Rights acquired in the secondary market may not participate in the over-subscription privilege.
]
Record Date Shareholders who are fully exercising their Rights during the Subscription Period should indicate, on the Subscription Certificate that they submit with respect to the exercise of the Rights issued to them, how many Common Shares they are willing to acquire pursuant to the over-subscription privilege. Rights acquired in the secondary market may not participate in the over-subscription privilege.
To the extent sufficient Common Shares are not available to fulfill all over-subscription requests, unsubscribed Common Shares (the “Excess Shares”) will be allocated pro rata among those Record Date Shareholders who over-subscribe based on the number of Rights issued to them by the Fund. The allocation process
 
S-13

may involve a series of allocations in order to assure that the total number of Common Shares available for over-subscriptions is distributed on a pro rata basis.
The formula to be used in allocating the Excess Shares is as follows:
 
Shareholder’s Record Date Position
   X    Excess Shares Remaining
Total Record Date Position of All Over-Subscribers
Banks, broker-dealers, trustees and other nominee holders of Rights will be required to certify to the Rights Agent, before any over-subscription privilege may be exercised with respect to any particular beneficial owner, as to the aggregate number of Rights exercised during the Subscription Period and the number of Common Shares subscribed for pursuant to the over-subscription privilege by such beneficial owner and that such beneficial owner’s subscription was exercised in full. Nominee holder over-subscription forms and beneficial owner certification forms will be distributed to banks, broker-dealers, trustees and other nominee holders of Rights with the Subscription Certificates. [Nominees should also notify holders purchasing Rights in the secondary market that such Rights may not participate in the over-subscription privilege.]
The Fund will not otherwise offer or sell any Common Shares that are not subscribed for pursuant to the primary subscription, the primary over-subscription privilege or the secondary over-subscription privilege pursuant to the Rights offering.]
[Sales by Rights Agent
Holders of Rights who are unable or do not wish to exercise any or all of their Rights may instruct the Rights Agent to sell any unexercised Rights. The Subscription Certificates representing the Rights to be sold by the Rights Agent must be received prior to [5:00 PM, Eastern Time], on [●], 20[●], five Business Days prior to the Expiration Date (or, if the subscription period is extended, prior to [5:00 PM, Eastern Time], on the fifth Business Day prior to the extended Expiration Date). Upon the timely receipt of the appropriate instructions to sell Rights, the Rights Agent will use its best efforts to complete the sale and will remit the proceeds of sale, net of any commissions, to the holders. The Rights Agent will also attempt to sell any Rights attributable to shareholders of record whose addresses are outside the United States, or who have an APO or FPO address. The selling Rights holder will pay all brokerage commissions incurred by the Rights Agent. These sales may be effected by the Rights Agent. The Rights Agent will automatically attempt to sell any unexercised Rights that remain unclaimed as a result of Subscription Certificates being returned by the postal authorities as undeliverable as of the [●] Business Day prior to the Expiration Date. The Rights Agent will attempt to sell such Rights, including by first offering such Rights to the Dealer Manager for purchase by the Dealer Manager at the then-current market price on the [●]. The Rights Agent will offer Rights to the Dealer Manager before attempting to sell them on the [●], which may affect the market price for Rights on the [●] and reduce the number of Rights available for purchase on the [●], thereby reducing the ability of new investors to participate in the offering. These sales will be made net of commissions, taxes and any other expenses paid on behalf of the nonclaiming holders of Rights. Proceeds from those sales will be held by Computershare LLC in its capacity as the Fund’s transfer agent, for the account of the nonclaiming holder of Rights until the proceeds are either claimed or escheated. There can be no assurance that the Rights Agent will be able to complete the sale of any of these Rights and neither the Fund nor the Rights Agent has guaranteed any minimum sales price for the Rights. All of these Rights will be sold at the market price, if any, through an exchange or market trading the Rights. If the Rights can be sold, sales of the Rights will be deemed to have been effected at the weighted average price received by the Rights Agent on the day such Rights are sold, less any applicable brokerage commissions, taxes and other expenses.]
[Dealer Manager
[●] (the “Dealer Manager”), a registered broker-dealer, may also act on behalf of its clients to purchase or sell Rights in the open market and may receive commissions from its clients for such services. Holders of Rights attempting to sell any unexercised Rights in the open market through a broker-dealer other than the Dealer Manager may be charged a different commission and should consider the commissions and fees charged by the broker-dealer prior to selling their Rights on the open market. The Dealer Manager is not expected to purchase Rights as principal
 
S-14

for its own account in order to seek to facilitate the trading market for Rights or otherwise. See “Plan of Distribution” for additional information.]
[Sale of Rights
The Rights are transferable and will be admitted for trading on the [●] under the symbol “[●].” Although no assurance can be given that a market for the Rights will develop, trading in the Rights on the [●] is expected to begin two Business Days prior to the Record Date and may be conducted until the close of trading on the last [●] trading day prior to the Expiration Date.
The value of the Rights, if any, will be reflected by the market price. Rights may be sold by individual holders or may be submitted to the Rights Agent for sale. Any Rights submitted to the Rights Agent for sale must be received by the Rights Agent prior to [5:00 PM, Eastern Time], on [●], 20[●], five Business Days prior to the Expiration Date (or, if the subscription period is extended, prior to [5:00 PM, Eastern Time], on the [●] Business Day prior to the extended Expiration Date).
[Rights that are sold will not confer any right to acquire any Common Shares in any primary over-subscription privilege or secondary over-subscription privilege, if any, and any Record Date Shareholder who sells any Rights will not be eligible to participate in the primary oversubscription privilege or secondary over-subscription privilege, if any.]
Trading of the Rights on the [●] will be conducted on a when-issued basis until and including the date on which the Subscription Certificates (as defined below) are mailed to Record Date Shareholders of record and thereafter will be conducted on a
regular-way
basis until and including the last [●] trading day prior to the Expiration Date. The Common Shares are expected to begin trading
ex-Rights
one Business Day prior to the Record Date.
Shareholders are urged to obtain a recent trading price for the Rights on the [●] from their broker, bank, financial advisor or the financial press.]
[Method of Transferring Rights
The Rights evidenced by a single Subscription Certificate may be transferred in whole by endorsing the Subscription Certificate for transfer in accordance with the accompanying instructions. A portion of the Rights evidenced by a single Subscription Certificate (but not fractional Rights) may be transferred by delivering to the Rights Agent a Subscription Certificate properly endorsed for transfer, with instructions to register the portion of the Rights evidenced thereby in the name of the transferee (and to issue a new Subscription Certificate to the transferee evidencing the transferred Rights). In this event, a new Subscription Certificate evidencing the balance of the Rights will be issued to the Rights holder or, if the Rights holder so instructs, to an additional transferee.
Holders wishing to transfer all or a portion of their Rights (but not fractional Rights) should promptly transfer such Rights to ensure that: (i) the transfer instructions will be received and processed by the Rights Agent, (ii) a new Subscription Certificate will be issued and transmitted to the transferee or transferees with respect to transferred Rights, and to the holder with respect to retained Rights, if any, and (iii) the Rights evidenced by the new Subscription Certificates may be exercised or sold by the recipients thereof prior to the Expiration Date. Neither the Fund nor the Rights Agent shall have any liability to a transferee or holder of Rights if Subscription Certificates are not received in time for exercise or sale prior to the Expiration Date.
Except for the fees charged by the Rights Agent (which will be paid by the Fund as described below), all commissions, fees and other expenses (including brokerage commissions and transfer taxes) incurred in connection with the purchase, sale, transfer or exercise of Rights will be for the account of the holder of the Rights, and none of these commissions, fees or expenses will be borne by the Fund or the Rights Agent.
 
S-15

The Fund anticipates that the Rights will be eligible for transfer through, and that the exercise of the Rights may be effected through, the facilities of DTC (Rights exercised through DTC are referred to as “DTC Exercised Rights”).]
Rights Agent
The Rights Agent is [●]. The Rights Agent will receive from the Fund an amount estimated to be $[●], comprised of the fee for its services and the reimbursement for certain expenses related to the Rights offering. The shareholders of the Fund will indirectly pay such amount.
Information Agent
INQUIRIES BY ALL HOLDERS OF RIGHTS SHOULD BE DIRECTED TO: THE INFORMATION AGENT, [●]; HOLDERS PLEASE CALL TOLL-FREE AT [●]; BANKS AND BROKERS PLEASE CALL [●].
Method of Exercise of Rights
Rights may be exercised by completing and signing the Subscription Certificate and mailing it in the envelope provided, or otherwise delivering the completed and signed Subscription Certificate to the Rights Agent, together with payment for the Common Shares as described below under “Payment for Shares.” Rights may also be exercised through the broker of a holder of Rights, who may charge the holder of Rights a servicing fee in connection with such exercise. See “Plan of Distribution” for additional information regarding the purchase and exercise of Rights by the Dealer Manager.
Completed Subscription Certificates and payment must be received by the Rights Agent prior to [5:00 PM Eastern Time], on the Expiration Date (unless payment is effected by means of a notice of guaranteed delivery as described below under “Payment for Shares”). Your broker, bank, trust company or other intermediary may impose a deadline for exercising Rights earlier than [5:00 PM, Eastern Time], on the Expiration Date. The Subscription Certificate and payment should be delivered to the Rights Agent at the following address:
If By Mail:
Western Asset Diversified Income Fund
[●]
If By Overnight Courier:
Western Asset Diversified Income Fund
[●]
Payment for Shares
Holders of Rights who acquire Common Shares in the Rights offering may choose between the following methods of payment:
 
  1.
A holder of Rights can send the Subscription Certificate, together with payment in the form of a check (which must include the name of the shareholder on the check) for the Common Shares subscribed for in the Rights offering and, if eligible, for any additional Common Shares subscribed for pursuant to the over-subscription privilege, to the Rights Agent based on the Subscription Price. To be accepted, the payment, together with the executed Subscription Certificate, must be received by the Rights Agent at one of the addresses noted above prior to [5:00 PM Eastern Time] on the Expiration Date. The Rights Agent will deposit all share purchase checks received by it prior to the final due date into a segregated account pending proration and distribution of Common Shares. The Rights Agent will not accept cash as a means of payment for Common Shares.
 
S-16

  2.
Alternatively, a subscription will be accepted by the Rights Agent if, prior to [5:00 PM Eastern Time] on the Expiration Date, the Rights Agent has received a written notice of guaranteed delivery by mail or email from a bank, trust company, or a NYSE member, guaranteeing delivery of a properly completed and executed Subscription Certificate. In order for the notice of guarantee to be valid, full payment for the Common Shares at the Subscription Price must be received with the notice. The Rights Agent will not honor a notice of guaranteed delivery unless a properly completed and executed Subscription Certificate is received by the Rights Agent by the close of business on the [second] Business Day after the Expiration Date. The notice of guaranteed delivery must be emailed to the Rights Agent at [●] or delivered to the Rights Agent at one of the addresses noted above.
A PAYMENT PURSUANT TO THIS METHOD MUST BE IN UNITED STATES DOLLARS BY CHECK (WHICH MUST INCLUDE THE NAME OF THE SHAREHOLDER ON THE CHECK) DRAWN ON A BANK LOCATED IN THE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES, MUST BE PAYABLE TO WESTERN ASSET DIVERSIFIED INCOME FUND AND MUST ACCOMPANY AN EXECUTED SUBSCRIPTION CERTIFICATE TO BE ACCEPTED.
The method and timing of payment for Common Shares acquired by the Dealer Manager through the exercise of Rights is described under “Plan of Distribution.”
If a holder of Rights who acquires Common Shares pursuant to the Rights offering does not make payment of all amounts due, the Fund reserves the right to take any or all of the following actions: (i) find other purchasers for such
subscribed-for
and
unpaid-for
Common Shares; (ii) apply any payment actually received by it toward the purchase of the greatest whole number of Common Shares which could be acquired by such holder upon exercise of the Rights or any over-subscription privilege; (iii) sell all or a portion of the Common Shares purchased by the holder, in the open market, and apply the proceeds to the amounts owed; and (iv) exercise any and all other rights or remedies to which it may be entitled, including, without limitation, the right to set off against payments actually received by it with respect to such subscribed Common Shares and to enforce the relevant guarantee of payment.
Any payment required from a holder of Rights must be received by the Rights Agent prior to [5:00 PM Eastern Time] on the Expiration Date. Issuance and delivery of the Common Shares purchased are subject to collection of checks.
Within [●] Business Days following the Expiration Date (the “Confirmation Date”), a confirmation will be sent by the Rights Agent to each holder of Rights (or, if the Common Shares are held by Cede or any other depository or nominee, to Cede or such other depository or nominee), showing (i) the number of Common Shares acquired pursuant to the Subscription, (ii) the number of Common Shares, if any, acquired pursuant to the over-subscription privilege, and (iii) the per share and total purchase price for the Common Shares. Any payment required from a holder of Rights must be received by the Rights Agent on or prior to the Expiration Date. Any excess payment to be refunded by the Fund to a holder of Rights, or to be paid to a holder of Rights as a result of sales of Rights on its behalf by the Rights Agent, will be mailed by the Rights Agent to the holder within [●] Business Days after the Expiration Date.
A holder of Rights will have no right to rescind a purchase after the Rights Agent has received payment either by means of a notice of guaranteed delivery or a check, which must include the name of the shareholder on the check.
Upon acceptance of a subscription, all funds received by the Rights Agent shall be held by the Rights Agent as agent for the Fund and deposited in one or more bank accounts. Such funds may be invested by the Rights Agent in: bank accounts, short term certificates of deposit, bank repurchase agreements, and disbursement accounts with commercial banks meeting certain standards. The Rights Agent may receive interest, dividends or other earnings in connection with such deposits or investments.
Holders, such as broker-dealers, trustees or depositories for securities, who hold Common Shares for the account of others, should notify the respective beneficial owners of the Common Shares as soon as possible to ascertain such beneficial owners’ intentions and to obtain instructions with respect to the Rights. If the beneficial owner so instructs, the record holder of the Rights should complete Subscription Certificates and submit them to the
 
S-17

Rights Agent with the proper payment. In addition, beneficial owners of Common Shares or Rights held through such a holder should contact the holder and request that the holder effect transactions in accordance with the beneficial owner’s instructions. [
Banks, broker-dealers, trustees and other nominee holders that hold Common Shares of the Fund for the accounts of others are advised to notify those persons that purchase Rights in the secondary market that such Rights may not participate in any oversubscription privilege offered.]
THE INSTRUCTIONS ACCOMPANYING THE SUBSCRIPTION CERTIFICATES SHOULD BE READ CAREFULLY AND FOLLOWED IN DETAIL. DO NOT SEND SUBSCRIPTION CERTIFICATES TO THE FUND.
THE METHOD OF DELIVERY OF SUBSCRIPTION CERTIFICATES AND PAYMENT OF THE SUBSCRIPTION PRICE TO THE RIGHTS AGENT WILL BE AT THE ELECTION AND RISK OF THE RIGHTS HOLDERS, BUT IF SENT BY MAIL IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT THE CERTIFICATES AND PAYMENTS BE SENT BY REGISTERED MAIL, PROPERLY INSURED, WITH RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED, AND THAT A SUFFICIENT NUMBER OF DAYS BE ALLOWED TO ENSURE DELIVERY TO THE RIGHTS AGENT AND CLEARANCE OF PAYMENT PRIOR TO [5:00 PM EASTERN TIME], ON THE EXPIRATION DATE. BECAUSE UNCERTIFIED PERSONAL CHECKS MAY TAKE AT LEAST FIVE BUSINESS DAYS TO CLEAR, YOU ARE STRONGLY URGED TO PAY, OR ARRANGE FOR PAYMENT, BY MEANS OF A CERTIFIED OR CASHIER’S CHECK, WHICH MUST INCLUDE THE NAME OF THE SHAREHOLDER ON THE CHECK.
All questions concerning the timeliness, validity, form and eligibility of any exercise of Rights will be determined by the Fund, whose determinations will be final and binding. The Fund in its sole discretion may waive any defect or irregularity, or permit a defect or irregularity to be corrected within such time as it may determine, or reject the purported exercise of any Right. Subscriptions will not be deemed to have been received or accepted until all irregularities have been waived or cured within such time as the Fund determines in its sole discretion. Neither the Fund nor the Rights Agent will be under any duty to give notification of any defect or irregularity in connection with the submission of Subscription Certificates or incur any liability for failure to give such notification.
Foreign Restrictions
Subscription Certificates will only be mailed to Record Date Shareholders of record whose addresses are within the United States (other than an APO or FPO address). Because the Rights offering will not be registered in any jurisdiction other than the United States, the Rights Agent will attempt to sell all of the Rights issued to shareholders of record outside of these jurisdictions and remit the net proceeds, if any, to such shareholders of record. If the Rights can be sold, sales of these Rights will be deemed to have been effected at the weighted average price received by the Rights Agent on the day the Rights are sold, less any applicable brokerage commissions, taxes and other expenses.
Notice of Net Asset Value Decline
The Fund has, pursuant to the SEC’s regulatory requirements, undertaken to suspend the Rights offering until the Fund amends this Prospectus Supplement if, after [●], 20[●] (the date of this Prospectus Supplement), the Fund’s net asset value declines more than 10% from the Fund’s net asset value as of that date. In that event, the Expiration Date will be extended and the Fund will notify Record Date Shareholders of record of any such decline and permit Rights holders to cancel their exercise of Rights.
Employee Benefit Plan and IRA Considerations
Employee benefit plans that are subject to the fiduciary duty provisions of the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”) (including, without limitation, pension and profit-sharing plans), plans, individual retirement accounts and other arrangements that are subject to Section 4975 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) or provisions under any federal, state, local,
non-U.S.
or
 
S-18

other laws or regulations that are similar to such provisions of the Code or ERISA (collectively, “Similar Laws”), and entities whose underlying assets are considered to include “plan assets” of any such plan, account or arrangement (each, a “Plan”), may purchase a Right and Common Shares.
ERISA, for example, imposes certain responsibilities on persons who are fiduciaries with respect to an ERISA-covered Plan, including, without limitation, the duties of prudence and diversification, as well as the need to avoid
non-exempt
prohibited transactions.
In considering an investment in a Right or Common Shares involving a portion of the assets of any Plan, a fiduciary should determine whether the investment is in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the Plan and the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code or any Similar Law relating to a fiduciary’s duties to the Plan including, without limitation, the prudence, diversification, delegation of control and prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA, the Code and any applicable Similar Law.
Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code prohibit certain Plans (including, for example, ERISA Plans) from engaging in specified transactions involving plan assets with persons or entities who are “parties in interest,” within the meaning of ERISA, or “disqualified persons,” within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code, unless an exemption is available. A party in interest or disqualified person who engages in a
non-exempt
prohibited transaction may be subject to excise taxes and other penalties and liabilities under ERISA and the Code. In addition, the fiduciary of such Plan that engages in such a
non-exempt
prohibited transaction may be subject to penalties and liabilities under ERISA and the Code. Accordingly, by acceptance of the Right or Common Shares, each purchaser and subsequent transferee of the Right or Common Shares will be deemed to have represented and warranted that either (i) no portion of the assets used by such purchaser or transferee to acquire and hold the Right or Common Shares constitutes assets of any Plan or (ii) the purchase and holding of the Right or Common Shares by such purchaser or transferee will not constitute a
non-exempt
prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code or similar violation under Similar Law.
Because the Fund is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets” of any Plan investing in the Fund for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction rules under Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code. Thus, neither the Fund nor the Manager will be a “fiduciary,” within the meaning of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code with respect to the assets of any Plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the Plan’s investment in the Fund.
The provisions of ERISA are subject to extensive and continuing administrative and judicial interpretation and review. The discussion of ERISA contained herein is general in nature and may be affected by future regulations and rulings. Potential investors should consult their legal advisers regarding the consequences under ERISA, the Code or other applicable law of an investment by a Plan in the Fund.
 
S-19

TABLE OF FEES AND EXPENSES
The following tables are intended to assist you in understanding the various costs and expenses directly or indirectly associated with investing in our Common Shares as a percentage of net assets attributable to Common Shares. Amounts are for the current fiscal year after giving effect to anticipated net proceeds of the Rights offering, assuming that we incur the estimated offering expenses.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES
 
Sales Load (percentage of offering price)
     —%
(1)
 
Offering Expenses Borne by the Fund (percentage of offering price)
     —%
(2)
 
Dividend Reinvestment Plan Per Transaction Fee to Sell Shares Obtained Pursuant to the Plan
   $ 5.00
(3)
 
TOTAL TRANSACTION EXPENSES (as a percentage of offering price)
(4)
  
 
    
Percentage of
Net Assets
Attributable to
Common
Shares
 
ANNUAL EXPENSES
  
Management Fees
(5)
     [●]%  
Interest Payment on Borrowed Funds
(6)
     [●]%  
Other Expenses
(7)
     [●]%  
  
 
 
 
TOTAL ANNUAL EXPENSES
  
 
[
]%
 
  
 
 
 
 
(1)
The sales load will apply only if the securities to which this Prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters. In such case, a corresponding Prospectus Supplement will disclose the applicable sales load.
(2)
The related Prospectus Supplement will disclose the estimated amount of offering expenses, the offering price and the offering expenses borne by the Fund as a percentage of the offering price.
(3)
Common Shareholders will pay brokerage charges if they direct the Plan Agent (defined below) to sell Common Shares held in a dividend reinvestment account. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.” There are no fees charged to shareholders for participating in the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan. However, shareholders participating in the plan that elect to sell their shares obtained pursuant to the plan would pay $5.00 per transaction to sell shares.
(4)
The related Prospectus Supplement will disclose the offering price and the total shareholder transaction expenses as a percentage of the offering price.
(5)
The Manager receives an annual fee, payable monthly, in an amount equal to 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily Managed Assets. “Managed Assets” means net assets plus the amount of any borrowings and assets attributable to any preferred shares that may be outstanding. For the purposes of this table, we have assumed that the Fund has utilized leverage in an aggregate amount of [●]% of its net assets (the actual average amount of Borrowings during the period fiscal year ended December 31, 20[●]). If the Fund were to use leverage in excess of [●]% of its net assets, the management fees shown would be higher.
(6)
For the purposes of this table, we have assumed that the Fund has utilized Borrowings in an aggregate amount of [●]% of its net assets (which equals the average level of leverage for the Fund’s fiscal year ended December 31, 20[●]). The expenses and rates associated with leverage may vary as and when Borrowings or issuances of Preferred Shares are made.
(7)
Estimated based on amounts incurred in the period ended December 31, 20[●].
The purpose of the table above and the examples below is to help you understand all fees and expenses that you, as a holder of Common Shares, would bear directly or indirectly.
Example
The following example illustrates the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment in Common Shares, assuming a 5% annual portfolio total return.*
 
    
1 Year
  
3 Years
  
5 Years
  
10 Years
Total Expenses Incurred
   $    $    $    $
 
*
The example should not be considered a representation of future expenses. The example assumes that the amounts set forth in the Table of Fees and Expenses table are accurate and that all distributions are reinvested at net asset value. Actual expenses may be greater or less than those assumed. Moreover, the Fund’s actual rate of return may be greater or less than the hypothetical 5% return shown in the example.
 
S-20

USE OF PROCEEDS
The Fund estimates the net proceeds of the Rights offering to be approximately $[●], based on the estimated Subscription Price per Common Share of $[●] ([●]% of the last reported sales price of the Fund’s Common Shares on the NYSE on [●], 20[●]), assuming all new Common Shares offered are sold and that the expenses related to the Rights offering estimated at approximately $[●] are paid.
The Manager anticipates that the investment of the proceeds will be made in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies as appropriate investment opportunities are identified, which is expected to be substantially completed within three months; however, the identification of appropriate investment opportunities pursuant to the Fund’s investment style or changes in market conditions may cause the investment period to extend as long as six months. Depending on market conditions and operations, a portion of the cash held by the Fund, including any proceeds raised from the Rights offering, may be used to pay distributions in accordance with the Fund’s distribution policy and may be a return of capital. A return of capital is a return to investors of a portion of their original investment in the Fund. In general terms, a return of capital would involve a situation in which a Fund distribution (or a portion thereof) represents a return of a portion of a shareholder’s investment in the Fund, rather than making a distribution that is funded from the Fund’s earned income or other profits. Although return of capital distributions may not be currently taxable, such distributions would decrease the basis of a shareholder’s shares (but not below zero), and therefore, may increase a shareholder’s tax liability for capital gains upon a sale of shares, even if sold at a loss to the shareholder’s original investment.
 
S-21

CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth the unaudited capitalization of the Fund as of [●], 20[●] and its adjusted capitalization assuming the Common Shares available in the Rights offering discussed in this Prospectus Supplement had been issued.
[To be provided.]
 
S-22

PRICE RANGE OF COMMON SHARES
The following table sets forth for the quarters indicated, the high and low sale prices on the NYSE per Common Share and the net asset value and the premium or discount from net asset value per share at which the Common Shares were trading, expressed as a percentage of net asset value, at each of the high and low sale prices provided.
 
    
NAV per Common

Share on

Date of

Market Price
(1)
 
NYSE

Market Price

per Common

Share
(2)
 
Premium/

(Discount) on

Date of Market

Price
(3)
 
Trading
During Quarter Ended
  
High
 
Low
 
High
 
Low
 
High
 
Low
 
Volume
[June 30, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[September 30, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[December 31, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[March 31, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[June 30, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[September 30, 20[●]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[December 31, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[March 31, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[June 30, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[September 30, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[December 31, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
[March 31, 20[●]]
  
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]%
 
[ ]
 
(1)
Based on the Fund’s computations.
(2)
Source: NYSE.
(3)
Based on the Fund’s computations.
(4)
Source: Bloomberg.
On [●], 20[●], the last reported net asset value per Common Share was $[●] and the last reported sales price per Common Share on the NYSE was $[●].
 
S-23

SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RISKS OF THE RIGHTS OFFERING
Risk is inherent in all investing. Therefore, before investing in the Common Shares, you should consider the risks associated with such an investment carefully. See “Risks” in the accompanying Prospectus. The following summarizes some of the matters that you should consider before investing in the Fund through the Rights offering:
Dilution
. Record Date Shareholders who do not fully exercise their Rights will, at the completion of the Rights offering, own a smaller proportional interest in the Fund than owned prior to the Rights offering. The completion of the Rights offering will result in immediate voting dilution for such shareholders. Further, both the sales load and the expenses associated with the Rights offering will immediately reduce the net asset value of each outstanding share of Common Shares. In addition, if the Subscription Price is less than the net asset value per Common Share as of the Expiration Date, the completion of this Rights offering will result in an immediate dilution of the net asset value per Common Share for all existing Common Shareholders (
i.e.
, will cause the net asset value per Common Share to decrease). It is anticipated that existing Common Shareholders will experience immediate dilution even if they fully exercise their Rights. Such dilution is not currently determinable because it is not known how many Common Shares will be subscribed for, what the net asset value per Common Share or market price of the share of Common Shares will be on the Expiration Date or what the Subscription Price per Common Share will be. If the Subscription Price is substantially less than the current net asset value per Common Share, this dilution could be substantial. The Fund will pay expenses associated with the Rights offering, estimated at approximately $[●]. In addition, the Fund has agreed to pay a dealer manager fee (sales load) equal to [●]% of the Subscription Price per Common Share issued pursuant to the exercise of Rights (including pursuant to the Over-Subscription Privilege). The Fund, not investors, pays the sales load, which is ultimately borne by all Common Shareholders. All of the costs of the Rights offering will be borne by the Fund (and indirectly by the Fund’s Common Shareholders). See “Table of Fees and Expenses” in this Prospectus Supplement and “Summary of Fund Expenses” in the accompanying Prospectus for more information.
If you do not exercise all of your Rights, you may own a smaller proportional interest in the Fund when the Rights offering is over. In addition, you will experience an immediate dilution of the aggregate net asset value per Common Share if you do not participate in the Rights offering and will experience a reduction in the net asset value per Common Share whether or not you exercise your Rights, if the Subscription Price is below the Fund’s net asset value per Common Share on the Expiration Date, because:
 
 
the offered Common Shares are being sold at less than their current net asset value;
 
 
you will indirectly bear the expenses of the Rights offering; and
 
 
the number of Common Shares outstanding after the Rights offering will have increased proportionately more than the increase in the amount of the Fund’s net assets.
On the other hand, if the Subscription Price is above the Fund’s net asset value per Common Share on the Expiration Date, you may experience an immediate accretion of the aggregate net asset value per share of your share of Common Shares even if you do not exercise your Rights and an immediate increase in the net asset value per Common Share whether or not you participate in the Rights offering, because:
 
 
the offered Common Shares are being sold at more than their current net asset value after deducting the expenses of the Rights offering; and
 
 
the number of Common Shares outstanding after the Rights offering will have increased proportionately less than the increase in the amount of the Fund’s net assets.
[Furthermore, if you do not participate in the secondary over-subscription, if it is available, your percentage ownership may also be diluted.] The Fund cannot state precisely the amount of any dilution because it is not known at this time what the net asset value per Common Share will be on the Expiration Date or what proportion of the Rights will be exercised. The impact of the Rights offering on net asset value (“NAV”) per Common Share
 
S-24

is shown by the following examples, assuming the Rights offering is fully subscribed and a $[●] Subscription Price:
Scenario 1: (assumes net asset value per share is above subscription price)
(1)
 
NAV
(2)
     [●]  
Subscription Price
(3)
     [●]  
Reduction in NAV ($)
(4)
     [●]  
Reduction in NAV (%)
     [●]  
[Scenario 2: (assumes net asset value per share is below subscription price)
(1)
 
NAV
(2)
     [●]  
Subscription Price
(3)
     [●]  
Increase in NAV ($)
(4)
     [●]  
Increase in NAV (%)
     [●]  
 
(1)
Both examples assume the full Primary Subscription [and Secondary Over-Subscription Privilege] are exercised. Actual amounts may vary due to rounding.
(2)
For illustrative purposes only; reflects the Fund’s net asset value per Common Share as of [●], 20[●]. It is not known at this time what the net asset value per Common Share will be on the Expiration Date.
(3)
For illustrative purposes only; reflects an estimated Subscription Price of $[●] based upon [●]% of the last reported sales price of the Fund’s Common Shares on the NYSE on [●], 20[●]. It is not known at this time what the Subscription Price will be on the Expiration Date.
(4)
Assumes $[●] in estimated offering expenses.
If you do not wish to exercise your Rights, you should consider selling them as set forth in this Prospectus Supplement. Any cash you receive from selling your Rights may serve as partial compensation for any possible dilution of your interest in the Fund. The Fund cannot give assurance, however, that a market for the Rights will develop or that the Rights will have any marketable value.
[The Fund’s largest shareholders could increase their percentage ownership in the Fund through the exercise of the primary subscription and over-subscription privilege.]
Risks of Investing in Rights.
Shares of
closed-end
funds such as the Fund frequently trade at a discount to net asset value. If the Formula Price is less than [●]% of net asset value on the Expiration Date, then the Subscription Price will likely be greater than the market price of a share of Common Shares on that date. In addition, the Formula Price, even if above [●]% of net asset value, may be still above the market price of a share of Common Shares on the Expiration Date. If either event occurs, the Rights will have no value, and a person who exercises Rights will experience an immediate loss of value.
Leverage.
Leverage creates a greater risk of loss, as well as a potential for more gain, for the Common Shares than if leverage were not used. Following the completion of the Rights offering, the Fund’s amount of leverage outstanding will decrease. The leverage of the Fund as of [●], 20[●] was approximately [●]% of the Fund’s net assets. After the completion of the Rights offering, the amount of leverage outstanding is expected to decrease to approximately [●]% of the Fund’s net assets. The use of leverage for investment purposes creates opportunities for greater total returns but at the same time increases risk. When leverage is employed, the net asset value and market price of the Common Shares and the yield to holders of Common Shares may be more volatile. Any investment income or gains earned with respect to the amounts borrowed in excess of the interest due on the borrowing will augment the Fund’s income. Conversely, if the investment performance with respect to the amounts borrowed fails to cover the interest on such borrowings, the value of the Fund’s Common Shares may decrease more quickly than would otherwise be the case, and distributions on the Common Shares could be reduced or eliminated. Interest payments and fees incurred in connection with such borrowings will reduce the amount of net income available for distribution to holders of the Common Shares.
Because the fee paid to the Manager is calculated on the basis of the Fund’s net assets, which include the proceeds of leverage, the dollar amount of the management fee paid by the Fund to the Manager will be higher (and the Manager will be benefited to that extent) when leverage is used. The Manager will use leverage only if it
 
S-25

believes such action would result in a net benefit to the Fund’s shareholders after taking into account the higher fees and expenses associated with leverage (including higher management fees).
The Fund’s leveraging strategy may not be successful.
Increase in Share Price Volatility; Decrease in Share Price.
The Rights offering may result in an increase in trading of the Common Shares, which may increase volatility in the market price of the Common Shares. The Rights offering may result in an increase in the number of shareholders wishing to sell their Common Shares, which would exert downward price pressure on the price of Common Shares.
Under-Subscription.
It is possible that the Rights offering will not be fully subscribed. Under-subscription of the Rights offering would have an impact on the net proceeds of the Rights offering and whether the Fund achieves any benefits.
 
S-26

TAXATION
The following is a general summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Rights offering to Record Date Shareholders who are U.S. persons for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The following summary supplements the discussion set forth in the accompanying Prospectus and SAI and is subject to the qualifications and assumptions set forth therein. The discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice and potential investors are urged to consult their own tax advisers to determine the tax consequences of investing in the Fund.
Please refer to the “Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” section in the Fund’s Prospectus and SAI for a description of the consequences of investing in the Common Shares of the Fund. Special tax considerations relating to this Rights offering are summarized below:
 
 
The value of a Right will not be includible in the income of a Common Shareholder at the time the Right is issued.
 
 
The basis of the Rights issued to a Common Shareholder will be zero, and the basis of the Common Shares with respect to which the Rights were issued (the “Old Common Shares”) will not change, unless either (i) the fair market value of the Rights on the date of distribution is at least 15% of the fair market value of the Old Common Shares, or (ii) such Common Shareholder affirmatively elects (in the manner set out in Treasury Regulations under the Code) to allocate to the Rights a portion of the basis of the Old Common Shares. In the case of clause (i) or (ii) above, such Common Shareholder must generally allocate the basis of the Old Common Shares between the Old Common Shares and the Rights in proportion to their fair market values on the date of distribution, but as discussed below, the basis of the Old Common Shares may be allocated to a Right only if the Right is sold or exercised.
 
 
The basis of a Right purchased will generally be its purchase price.
 
 
A Common Shareholder’s holding period in a Right issued includes the holding period of the Old Common Shares.
 
 
A Common Shareholder will not recognize a loss if a Right distributed to such Common Shareholder expires unexercised because the basis of the Old Common Shares may be allocated to a Right only if the Right is sold or exercised. If a Right that has been purchased in the market expires unexercised, there will be a recognized loss equal to the basis of the Right.
 
 
Any gain or loss on the sale of a Right will be a capital gain or loss if the Right is held as a capital asset (which in the case of a Right issued to Record Date Shareholders will depend on whether the Old Common Shares are held as a capital asset), and will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the holding period is deemed to exceed one year.
 
 
No gain or loss will be recognized by a Common Shareholder upon the exercise of a Right, and the basis of any Common Shares acquired upon exercise (the “New Common Shares”) will equal the sum of the basis, if any, of the Right and the subscription price for the New Common Shares. The holding period for the New Common Shares will begin on the date when the Right is exercised (or, in the case of a Right purchased in the market, potentially the day after the date of exercise).
The foregoing is a general and brief summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Rights offering, and applies with respect to U.S. federal income taxation only. Other tax issues such as state and local taxation may apply. The foregoing discussion is based upon present provisions of the Code, the regulations promulgated thereunder, and judicial and administrative ruling authorities, all of which are subject to change or differing interpretations (possibly with retroactive effect). Investors are urged to consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences of the Rights offering and investing in the Fund.
 
S-27

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Distribution Arrangements
[●] will act as Dealer Manager for this Rights offering. Under the terms and subject to the conditions contained in the Dealer Manager Agreement among the Dealer Manager, the Fund and the Manager, the Dealer Manager will provide financial structuring and solicitation services in connection with the Rights offering and will solicit the exercise of Rights and participation in the over-subscription privilege. The Rights offering is not contingent upon any number of Rights being exercised. The Dealer Manager will also be responsible for forming and managing a group of selling broker-dealers (each a “Selling Group Member” and collectively the “Selling Group Members”), whereby each Selling Group Member will enter into a Selling Group Agreement with the Dealer Manager to solicit the exercise of Rights and to sell Common Shares purchased by the Selling Group Member from the Dealer Manager. In addition, the Dealer Manager will enter into a Soliciting Dealer Agreement with other soliciting broker-dealers (each a “Soliciting Dealer” and collectively the “Soliciting Dealers”) to solicit the exercise of Rights. See “—Compensation to Dealer Manager” for a discussion of fees and other compensation to be paid to the Dealer Manager, Selling Group Members and Soliciting Dealers in connection with the Rights offering.
The Fund and the Manager have each agreed to indemnify the Dealer Manager for losses arising out of certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. The Dealer Manager Agreement also provides that the Dealer Manager will not be subject to any liability to the Fund in rendering the services contemplated by the Dealer Manager Agreement except for any act of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence of the Dealer Manager or reckless disregard by the Dealer Manager of its obligations and duties under the Dealer Manager Agreement.
In order to seek to facilitate the trading market in the Rights for the benefit of
non-exercising
shareholders, and the placement of the Common Shares to new or existing investors pursuant to the exercise of the Rights, the Dealer Manager Agreement provides for special arrangements with the Dealer Manager. Under these arrangements, the Dealer Manager is expected to purchase Rights on the [●], as well as Rights received by the Rights Agent for sale by Record Date Shareholders and offered to the Dealer Manager and unexercised Rights of Record Date Shareholders whose record addresses are outside the United States that are held by the Subscription Agent and for which no instructions are received. The number of rights, if any, purchased by the Dealer Manager will be determined by the Dealer Manager in its sole discretion. The Dealer Manager is not obligated to purchase Rights or Common Shares as principal for its own account to facilitate the trading market for Rights or for investment purposes. Rather, its purchases are expected to be closely related to interest in acquiring Common Shares generated by the Dealer Manager through its marketing and soliciting activities. The Dealer Manager intends to exercise Rights purchased by it during the Subscription Period but prior to the Expiration Date. The Dealer Manager may exercise those Rights at its option on one or more dates, which are expected to be prior to the Expiration Date. The subscription price for the Common Shares issued through the exercise of Rights by the Dealer Manager prior to the Expiration Date will be the greater of [●]% of the last reported sale price of a share of Common Share on the NYSE on the date of exercise or [●]% of the last reported net asset value of a share of Common Share on the date prior to the date of exercise. The price and timing of these exercises are expected to differ from those described herein for the Rights offering. The subscription price will be paid to the Fund and the dealer manager fee with respect to such proceeds will be paid by the Fund on the applicable settlement date(s) of such exercise(s).
In connection with the exercise of Rights and receipt of Common Shares, the Dealer Manager intends to offer those Common Shares for sale to the public and/or through a group of selling members it has established. The Dealer Manager may set the price for those Common Shares at any price that it determines, in its sole discretion. The Dealer Manager has advised that the price at which such Common Shares are offered is expected to be at or slightly below the closing price of the Common Shares on the NYSE on the date the Dealer Manager exercises Rights. No portion of the amount paid to the Dealer Manager or to a selling group member from the sale of Common Shares in this manner will be paid to the Fund. If the sales price of the Common Shares is greater than the subscription price paid by the Dealer Manager for such Common Shares plus the costs to purchase Rights for the purpose of acquiring those Common Shares, the Dealer Manager will receive a gain. Alternatively, if the sales price of the Common Shares is less than the subscription price for such Common Shares plus the costs to purchase Rights for the purpose of acquiring those Common Shares, the Dealer Manager will incur a loss. The Dealer Manager will pay a concession to selling group members in an amount equal to approximately [●]% of the aggregate price of the
 
S-28

Common Shares sold by the respective selling group member. Neither the Fund nor the Manager has a role in setting the terms, including the sales price, on which the Dealer Manager offers for sale and sells Common Shares it has acquired through purchasing and exercising Rights or the timing of the exercise of Rights or sales of Common Shares by the Dealer Manager. Persons who purchase Common Shares from the Dealer Manager or the selling group will purchase shares at a price set by the Dealer Manager, which may be more or less than the Subscription Price, and at a time set by the Dealer Manager, which is expected to be prior to the Expiration Date.
The Dealer Manager may purchase Rights as principal or act as agent on behalf of its clients for the resale of such Rights. The Dealer Manager may realize gains (or losses) in connection with the purchase and sale of Rights and the sale of Common Shares, although such transactions are intended by the Dealer Manager to facilitate the trading market in the Rights and the placement of the Common Shares to new or existing investors pursuant to the exercise of the Rights. Any gains (or losses) realized by the Dealer Manager from the purchase and sale of Rights and the sale of Common Shares is independent of and in addition to its fee as Dealer Manager. The Dealer Manager has advised that any such gains (or losses) are expected to be immaterial relative to its fee as Dealer Manager.
Since neither the Dealer Manager nor persons who purchase Common Shares from the Dealer Manager or members of the selling group were Record Date Shareholders, they would not be able to participate in the over-subscription privilege.
Persons who purchase Common Shares from the Dealer Manager or the selling group will not purchase shares at the Subscription Price based on the formula price mechanism through which Common Shares will be sold in the Rights Offering. Instead, those persons will purchase shares Common Shares at a price set by the Dealer Manager, which may be more or less than the Subscription Price, and will not have the uncertainty of waiting for the determination of the Subscription Price on the Expiration Date.
There is no limit on the number of Rights the Dealer Manager can purchase or exercise. Common Shares acquired by the Dealer Manager pursuant to the exercise of Rights acquired by it will reduce the number of Common Shares available pursuant to the over-subscription privilege, perhaps materially, depending on the number of Rights purchased and exercised by the Dealer Manager.
Although the Dealer Manager can seek to facilitate the trading market for Rights as described above, investors can acquire Common Shares at the Subscription Price by acquiring Rights on the [●] and exercising them in the method described above under “Description of the Rights —Method of Exercise of Rights” and “Description of the Rights—Payment for Shares.”
In the ordinary course of their businesses, the Dealer Manager and/or its affiliates may engage in investment banking or financial transactions with the Fund, the Manager and their affiliates. In addition, in the ordinary course of their businesses, the Dealer Manager and/or its affiliates may, from time to time, own securities of the Fund or its affiliates.
The principal business address of the Dealer Manager is [●].
Compensation to Dealer Manager
Pursuant to the Dealer Manager Agreement, the Fund has agreed to pay the Dealer Manager a fee for its financial structuring and solicitation services equal to [●]% of the Subscription Price per share of Common Shares for each Common Share issued pursuant to the exercise of Rights, including the over-subscription privilege.
The Dealer Manager will reallow to Selling Group Members in the Selling Group to be formed and managed by the Dealer Manager selling fees equal to [●]% of the Subscription Price for each share of Common Shares issued pursuant to the Rights offering or the over-subscription privilege as a result of their selling efforts. In addition, the Dealer Manager will reallow to Soliciting Dealers that have executed and delivered a Soliciting Dealer Agreement and have solicited the exercise of Rights, solicitation fees equal to [●]% of the Subscription Price for each share of Common Shares issued pursuant to the exercise of Rights as a result of their soliciting efforts, subject
 
S-29

to a maximum fee based on the number of Common Shares held by such Soliciting Dealer through DTC on the Record Date. Fees will be paid to the broker-dealer designated on the applicable portion of the subscription certificates or, in the absence of such designation, to the Dealer Manager.
In addition, the Fund, has agreed to pay the Dealer Manager an amount up to $[●] as a partial reimbursement of its expenses incurred in connection with the Rights offering, including reasonable
out-of-pocket
fees and expenses, if any and not to exceed $[●], incurred by the Dealer Manager, Selling Group Members, Soliciting Dealers and other brokers, dealers and financial institutions in connection with their customary mailing and handling of materials related to the Rights offering to their customers. No other fees will be payable by the Fund or the Manager to the Dealer Manager in connection with the Rights offering.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with the securities will be passed upon for the Fund by Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP, Washington, D.C. and for the underwriters by    . Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP may rely as to certain matters of Maryland law on the opinion of Venable LLP, Baltimore, Maryland.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements included in the annual report to the Fund’s shareholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 20[●] and together with the report of [●] for the Fund’s annual report, are incorporated herein by reference to the Fund’s annual report to shareholders. All other portions of the annual report to shareholders are not incorporated herein by reference and are not part of the registration statement, the SAI, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement.
 
S-30


WESTERN ASSET DIVERSIFIED INCOME FUND

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Western Asset Diversified Income Fund, a Maryland statutory trust (the “Fund”) is a diversified, closed-end management investment company.

This Statement of Additional Information relating to the Fund’s common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Shares”), which we also refer to as our securities, does not constitute a prospectus, but should be read in conjunction with the Fund’s prospectus relating thereto dated December 18, 2024, and as it may be supplemented (the “Prospectus”). This Statement of Additional Information does not include all information that a prospective investor should consider before purchasing the Fund’s securities, and investors should obtain and read the Fund’s Prospectus prior to purchasing such securities. A copy of the Fund’s Prospectus, annual and semi-annual reports (when available) and additional information about the Fund may be obtained without charge by calling (888) 777-0102, by writing to the Fund at 620 Eighth Avenue, 47th Floor, New York, NY 10018 or by visiting the Fund’s website (http://www.franklintempleton.com/investments/options/closed-end-funds). The information contained in, or accessed through, the Fund’s website is not part of the Fund’s Prospectus or this Statement of Additional Information. Prospective investors may also obtain a copy of the Fund’s Prospectus on the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website (http://www.sec.gov). Capitalized terms used but not defined in this Statement of Additional Information have the meanings ascribed to them in the Prospectus.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This Statement of Additional Information is dated December 18, 2024.


TABLE OF CONTENTS OF THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

     Page  

Investment Objectives

     1  

Investment Restrictions

     1  

Investment Policies and Techniques

     5  

Management of the Fund

     45  

Investment Manager

     53  

Portfolio Managers

     56  

Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage

     59  

Net Asset Value

     60  

General Information

     61  

Repurchase of Fund Common Shares; Conversion to an Open-End Fund

     62  

Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations

     63  

Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities

     69  

Financial Statements

     70  

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     70  

Custodian and Transfer Agent

     70  

Incorporation by Reference

     70  

Additional Information

     71  

Appendix A—Description of S&P, Moody’s and Fitch Ratings

     A-1  

Appendix B—Proxy Voting Policy of Franklin Templeton Fund Adviser, LLC

     B-1  

Appendix C—Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures of Western Asset Management Company, LLC

     C-1  

 

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INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES

The Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek high current income. As a secondary investment objective, the Fund will seek capital appreciation. There can be no assurance the Fund will achieve its investment objectives.

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

The following restrictions are the Fund’s only fundamental policies—that is, policies that cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (a “1940 Act Vote”). For the purposes of the foregoing, a “majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities” means the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares represented at a meeting at which more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares. The other policies and investment restrictions are not fundamental polices of the Fund and may be changed by the Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Board of Trustees” or the “Board”) without shareholder approval. If a percentage restriction set forth below is adhered to at the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from any cause other than actions by the Fund will not be considered a violation. Under its fundamental restrictions:

Borrowing: The Fund may not borrow money except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.

Underwriting: The Fund may not engage in the business of underwriting the securities of other issuers except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.

Lending: The Fund may lend money or other assets to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.

Senior Securities: The Fund may not issue senior securities except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.

Real Estate: The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.

Commodities: The Fund may purchase or sell commodities or contracts related to commodities to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.

Concentration: Except as permitted by exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, the Fund may not make any investment if, as a result, the Fund’s investments will be concentrated in any one industry.

Diversification: The Fund is currently classified as a diversified fund under the 1940 Act.

The following notations are not considered to be part of the Fund’s fundamental restrictions and are subject to change without shareholder approval.

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to borrowing money set forth above, the 1940 Act requires the Fund to maintain at all times an asset coverage of at least 300% of the amount of its borrowings. For the purpose of borrowing money, “asset coverage” means the ratio that the value of the Fund’s total assets, minus liabilities other than borrowings, bears to the aggregate amount of all borrowings. Certain trading practices and investments may be considered to be borrowings and thus subject to the 1940 Act restrictions. On the other hand, certain practices and investments may involve leverage but are not considered to be borrowings under the 1940 Act, such as the purchasing of securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis, entering into reverse repurchase agreements, credit default swaps or futures contracts, engaging in short sales and writing options on portfolio securities, so long as the Fund covers its obligations by segregating liquid assets, entering into offsetting transactions or owning positions covering related obligations. Borrowing money to increase portfolio holdings is known as “leveraging.”

 

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Borrowing, especially when used for leverage, may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to be more volatile than if the Fund did not borrow. This is because borrowing tends to magnify the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. Borrowed money thus creates an opportunity for greater gains, but also greater losses. To repay borrowings, the Fund may have to sell securities at a time and at a price that is unfavorable to the Fund. There also are costs associated with borrowing money, and these costs would offset and could eliminate the Fund’s net investment income in any given period. The policy above will be interpreted to permit the Fund to engage in trading practices and investments that may be considered to be borrowing to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. Short-term credits necessary for the settlement of securities transactions and arrangements with respect to securities lending will not be considered to be borrowings under the policy. Practices and investments that may involve leverage but are not considered to be borrowings are not subject to the policy.

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to underwriting set forth above, the 1940 Act does not prohibit a fund from engaging in the underwriting business or from underwriting the securities of other issuers. A fund engaging in transactions involving the acquisition or disposition of portfolio securities may be considered to be an underwriter under the 1933 Act. Under the 1933 Act, an underwriter may be liable for material omissions or misstatements in an issuer’s registration statement or prospectus. Securities purchased from an issuer and not registered for sale under the 1933 Act are considered restricted securities. There may be a limited market for these securities. If these securities are registered under the 1933 Act, they may then be eligible for sale but participating in the sale may subject the seller to underwriter liability. These risks could apply to a fund investing in restricted securities. Although it is not believed that the application of the 1933 Act provisions described above would cause the Fund to be engaged in the business of underwriting, the policy above will be interpreted not to prevent the Fund from engaging in transactions involving the acquisition or disposition of portfolio securities, regardless of whether the Fund may be considered to be an underwriter under the 1933 Act.

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to lending set forth above, the 1940 Act does not prohibit a fund from making loans; however, SEC staff interpretations currently prohibit funds from lending more than one-third of their total assets, except through the purchase of debt obligations or the use of repurchase agreements. (A repurchase agreement is an agreement to purchase a security, coupled with an agreement to sell that security back to the original seller on an agreed-upon date at a price that reflects current interest rates. The SEC frequently treats repurchase agreements as loans.) While lending securities may be a source of income to the Fund, as with other extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery or even loss of rights in the underlying securities should the borrower fail financially. However, loans would be made only when Franklin Templeton Fund Adviser, LLC (“FTFA” or the “Manager”) or Western Asset Management Company, LLC (“Western Asset”) believes the income justifies the attendant risks. The Fund also will be permitted by this policy to make loans of money, including to other funds. The Fund would have to obtain exemptive relief from the SEC to make loans to other funds. The policy above will be interpreted not to prevent the Fund from purchasing or investing in debt obligations and loans. In addition, collateral arrangements with respect to options, forward currency and futures transactions and other derivative instruments, as well as delays in the settlement of securities transactions, will not be considered loans.

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to issuing senior securities set forth above, “senior securities” are defined as any bond, debenture, note, or similar obligation or instrument constituting a security and evidencing indebtedness, and any stock of a class having priority over any other class as to distribution of assets or payment of dividends. The ability of a closed-end fund to issue senior securities is severely circumscribed by complex regulatory constraints under the 1940 Act that restrict, for instance, the amount, timing and form of senior securities that may be issued. Certain portfolio management techniques, such as credit default swaps, the purchase of securities on margin, short sales or the writing of puts on portfolio securities, may be considered senior securities unless appropriate steps are taken to segregate the Fund’s assets or otherwise cover its obligations. To the extent the Fund covers its commitment under these transactions, including by the segregation of liquid assets, equal in value to the amount of the Fund’s commitment, such instrument will not be considered a “senior security” by the Fund and therefore will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by the Fund. Under the 1940 Act, a “senior security” does not include any promissory note or evidence of indebtedness where such loan is for temporary purposes only and in an amount not exceeding 5% of the value of the total assets of the issuer at the time the loan is made. A loan is presumed to be for temporary purposes if it is repaid within sixty days and is not extended or renewed.

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to real estate set forth above, the 1940 Act does not prohibit a fund from owning real estate. Investing in real estate may involve risks, including that real estate is generally considered illiquid and may be difficult to value and sell. Owners of real estate may be subject to various liabilities,

 

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including environmental liabilities. The policy above will be interpreted not to prevent the Fund from investing in real estate-related companies, companies whose businesses consist in whole or in part of investing in real estate, instruments (like mortgages) that are secured by real estate or interests therein, or real estate investment trust securities.

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to commodities set forth above, the 1940 Act does not prohibit a fund from owning commodities, whether physical commodities and contracts related to physical commodities (such as oil or grains and related futures contracts), or financial commodities and contracts related to financial commodities (such as currencies and, possibly, currency futures). If the Fund were to invest in a physical commodity or a physical commodity-related instrument, the Fund would be subject to the additional risks of the particular physical commodity and its related market. The value of commodities and commodity-related instruments may be extremely volatile and may be affected either directly or indirectly by a variety of factors. There also may be storage charges and risks of loss associated with physical commodities. The policy above will be interpreted to permit investments in exchange traded funds that invest in physical and/or financial commodities.

With respect to the fundamental policy relating to concentration set forth above, the 1940 Act does not define what constitutes “concentration” in an industry. The SEC staff has taken the position that investment of 25% or more of a fund’s total assets in one or more issuers conducting their principal activities in the same industry or group of industries constitutes concentration. It is possible that interpretations of concentration could change in the future. A fund that invests a significant percentage of its total assets in a single industry may be particularly susceptible to adverse events affecting that industry and may be more risky than a fund that does not concentrate in an industry. The policy above will be interpreted to refer to concentration as that term may be interpreted from time to time. In addition, the term industry will be interpreted to include a related group of industries. The policy also will be interpreted to permit investment without limit in the following: securities of the U.S. government and its agencies or instrumentalities (including, for the avoidance of doubt, U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities); securities of state, territory, possession or municipal governments and their authorities, agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions; securities of foreign governments; and repurchase agreements collateralized by any such obligations. Accordingly, issuers of the foregoing securities will not be considered to be members of any industry. There also will be no limit on investment in issuers domiciled in a single jurisdiction or country. The policy also will be interpreted to give broad authority to the Fund as to how to classify issuers within or among industries or groups of industries. The Fund has been advised by the staff of the SEC that the staff currently views securities issued by a foreign government to be in a single industry for purposes of calculating applicable limits on concentration. For purposes of applying the Fund’s fundamental policy relating to concentration, non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) and non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) are considered to represent separate industries; the Fund’s positions in non-agency RMBS and non-agency CMBS are therefore tested separately and are not aggregated when determining compliance with the 25% concentration policy limit.

With respect to the Fund’s diversification policy set forth above, this means that the Fund may not purchase securities of an issuer (other than obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities) if, with respect to 75% of its total assets, (a) more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in securities of that issuer, or (b) the Fund would hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of that issuer. With respect to the remaining 25% of its total assets, the Fund can invest more than 5% of its assets in one issuer. When the assets and revenues of an agency, authority, instrumentality or other political subdivision are separate from those of the government creating the issuing entity and only the assets and revenues of such entity back the security, such entity is deemed to be the sole issuer. Similarly, in the case of a private activity bond, if only the assets and revenues of the nongovernmental user back that bond, then such nongovernmental user is deemed to be the sole issuer. If, however, in either case, the creating government or some other entity guarantees a security, such a guarantee would be considered a separate security and is to be treated as an issue of such government or other entity. The Fund may only change to non-diversified status with a 1940 Act Vote.

The Fund’s fundamental policies are written and will be interpreted broadly. For example, the policies will be interpreted to refer to the 1940 Act and the related rules as they are in effect from time to time, and to interpretations and modifications of or relating to the 1940 Act by the SEC and others as they are given from time to time. When a policy provides that an investment practice may be conducted as permitted by the 1940 Act, the policy will be interpreted to mean either that the 1940 Act expressly permits the practice or that the 1940 Act does not prohibit the practice.

 

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Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions

The following non-fundamental investment policies of the Fund may be changed by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval and on prior notice to shareholders:

(i) to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 70% of the Fund’s Managed Assets (as defined herein) in U.S. securities and at least 80% of its Managed Assets in U.S. dollar-denominated investments;

(ii) to not invest more than 25% of the Fund’s Managed Assets in securities rated CCC or below, or if unrated are deemed to be of equivalent credit quality by Western Asset, at the time of investment; and

(iii) to not invest more than 15% of the Fund’s Managed Assets in securities issued by collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”), including up to 5% of its Managed Assets in equity securities issued by CLOs (i.e., subordinated or residual tranches of CLO securities).

These percentage limitations apply at the time of the Fund’s acquisition of such an investment.

 

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INVESTMENT POLICIES AND TECHNIQUES

The following information supplements the discussion of the Fund’s investment objectives, policies, and techniques that are described in the Prospectus.

As used throughout the Fund’s Prospectus and this SAI, “Managed Assets” means the net assets of the Fund plus the principal amount of any Borrowings or Preferred Shares that may be outstanding, reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls or similar transactions. For purposes of calculating Managed Assets, the liquidation preference of any Preferred Shares outstanding will not be considered a liability.

Alternative Strategies and Temporary Defensive Positions

At times the Fund’s portfolio manager may judge that conditions in the securities markets make pursuing the Fund’s typical investment strategy inconsistent with the best interest of its shareholders. At such times, the portfolio manager may temporarily use alternative strategies, primarily designed to reduce fluctuations in the value of the Fund’s assets. In implementing these defensive strategies, the Fund may invest without limit in securities that the portfolio manager believes present less risk to the Fund, including equity securities, debt and fixed income securities, preferred stocks, U.S. government and agency obligations, cash or money market instruments, certificates of deposit, demand and time deposits, bankers’ acceptance or other securities the portfolio manager considers consistent with such defensive strategies, such as, but not limited to, options or futures. During periods in which such strategies are used, the duration of the Fund may diverge from the duration range for the Fund disclosed in its Prospectus (if applicable). It is impossible to predict when, or for how long, the Fund will use these alternative strategies. As a result of using these alternative strategies, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

Bank Obligations

The Fund may invest in all types of bank obligations, including certificates of deposit (“CDs”), time deposits and bankers’ acceptances. CDs are short-term negotiable obligations of commercial banks. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in banking institutions for specified periods of time at stated interest rates. Bankers’ acceptances are time drafts drawn on commercial banks by borrowers usually in connection with international transactions.

U.S. commercial banks organized under federal law are supervised and examined by the Comptroller of the Currency and are required to be members of the Federal Reserve System and to be insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”). U.S. banks organized under state law are supervised and examined by state banking authorities, but are members of the Federal Reserve System only if they elect to join. Most state banks are insured by the FDIC (although such insurance may not be of material benefit to the Fund, depending upon the principal amount of CDs of each bank held by the Fund) and are subject to federal examination and to a substantial body of federal law and regulation. As a result of federal and state laws and regulations, U.S. branches of U.S. banks are, among other things, generally required to maintain specified levels of reserves, and are subject to other supervision and regulation designed to promote financial soundness. Banks may be particularly susceptible to certain economic factors, such as interest rate changes and adverse developments in the market for real estate. Fiscal and monetary policy and general economic cycles can affect the availability and cost of funds, loan demand and asset quality and thereby impact the earnings and financial conditions of banks.

Obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks, such as CDs and time deposits, may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and governmental regulation. Such obligations are subject to different risks than are those of U.S. banks or U.S. branches of foreign banks. These risks relate to foreign economic and political developments, foreign governmental restrictions that may adversely affect payment of principal and interest on the obligations, foreign exchange controls and foreign withholding and other taxes on interest income. Foreign branches of U.S. banks and foreign branches of foreign banks are not necessarily subject to the same or similar regulatory requirements that apply to U.S. banks, such as mandatory reserve requirements, loan limitations and accounting, auditing and financial recordkeeping requirements. In addition, less information may be publicly available about a foreign branch of a U.S. bank or about a foreign bank than about a U.S. bank.

Obligations of U.S. branches of foreign banks may be general obligations of the parent bank, in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by federal and state regulation as well as

 

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governmental action in the country in which the foreign bank has its head office. A U.S. branch of a foreign bank with assets in excess of $1 billion may or may not be subject to reserve requirements imposed by the Federal Reserve System or by the state in which the branch is located if the branch is licensed in that state. In addition, branches licensed by the Comptroller of the Currency and branches licensed by certain states (“State Branches”) may or may not be required to: (a) pledge to the regulator, by depositing assets with a designated bank within the state; and (b) maintain assets within the state in an amount equal to a specified percentage of the aggregate amount of liabilities of the foreign bank payable at or through all of its agencies or branches within the state. The deposits of State Branches may not necessarily be insured by the FDIC. In addition, there may be less publicly available information about a U.S. branch of a foreign bank than about a U.S. bank.

Borrowings

The Fund may engage in borrowing transactions to raise additional cash to be invested by the Fund in other securities or instruments in an effort to increase the Fund’s investment returns, or for temporary or emergency purposes. Reverse repurchase agreements may be considered to be a type of borrowing.

When the Fund invests borrowing proceeds in other securities, the Fund will be at risk for any fluctuations in the market value of the securities in which the proceeds are invested. Like other leveraging risks, this makes the value of an investment in the Fund more volatile and increases the Fund’s overall investment exposure. In addition, if the Fund’s return on its investment of the borrowing proceeds does not equal or exceed the interest that the Fund is obligated to pay under the terms of a borrowing, engaging in these transactions will lower the Fund’s return.

The Fund may be required to liquidate portfolio securities at a time when it would be disadvantageous to do so in order to make payments with respect to its borrowing obligations. Interest on any borrowings will be an expense to the Fund and will reduce the value of the Fund’s shares. The Fund may borrow on a secured or on an unsecured basis. If the Fund enters into a secured borrowing arrangement, a portion of the Fund’s assets will be used as collateral. During the term of the borrowing, the Fund will remain at risk for any fluctuations in the market value of these assets in addition to any securities purchased with the proceeds of the loan. In addition, the Fund may be unable to sell the collateral at a time when it would be advantageous to do so, which could result in lower returns. The Fund would also be subject to the risk that the lender may file for bankruptcy, become insolvent, or otherwise default on its obligations to return the collateral to the Fund. In the event of a default by the lender, there may be delays, costs and risks of loss involved in the Fund’s exercising its rights with respect to the collateral or those rights may be limited by other contractual agreements or obligations or by applicable law.

The 1940 Act requires the Fund to maintain an “asset coverage” of at least 300% of the amount of its borrowings, provided that in the event that the Fund’s asset coverage falls below 300%, the Fund is required to reduce the amount of its borrowings so that it meets the 300% asset coverage threshold within three days (not including Sundays and holidays). Asset coverage means the ratio that the value of the Fund’s total assets, minus liabilities other than borrowings and other senior securities, bears to the aggregate amount of all borrowings. Although complying with this guideline would have the effect of limiting the amount that the Fund may borrow, it does not otherwise mitigate the risks of entering into borrowing transactions.

Convertible Securities

Convertible securities are fixed income securities (usually debt or preferred stock) that may be converted or exchanged for a prescribed amount of Common Shares or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion or exchange, convertible securities ordinarily provide a stream of income with generally higher yields than those of Common Shares of the same or similar issuers, but lower than the yield of nonconvertible debt. However, there can be no assurance of current income because the issuers of the convertible securities may default on their obligations. Convertible securities are usually subordinated to comparable nonconvertible debt or preferred stock, but rank senior to Common Shares in a corporation’s capital structure.

The value of a convertible security is generally related to (1) its yield in comparison with the yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege and/or (2) its worth, at market value, if converted or exchanged into the underlying Common Shares. A convertible security may be subject to

 

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redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s governing instrument, which may be less than the ultimate conversion or exchange value.

Convertible securities are subject both to the stock market risk associated with equity securities and to the credit and interest rate risks associated with fixed income securities. As the market price of the equity security underlying a convertible security falls, the convertible security tends to trade on the basis of its yield and other fixed income characteristics. As the market price of such equity security rises, the convertible security tends to trade on the basis of its equity conversion features. Investments in convertible securities generally entail less risk than investments in Common Shares of the same issuer.

Synthetic Convertible Securities

A synthetic convertible security is comprised of two distinct securities that together resemble convertible securities in certain respects. Synthetic convertible securities are created by combining non-convertible bonds or preferred shares with common shares, warrants or stock call options. The options that will form elements of synthetic convertible securities will be listed on a securities exchange. The two components of a synthetic convertible security, which will be issued with respect to the same entity, generally are not offered as a unit, and may be purchased and sold by the Fund at different times. Synthetic convertible securities differ from convertible securities in certain respects, including that each component of a synthetic convertible security has a separate market value and responds differently to market fluctuations. Investing in synthetic convertible securities involves the risk normally involved in holding the securities comprising the synthetic convertible security.

Custodial Receipts

The Fund may acquire custodial receipts or certificates underwritten by securities dealers or banks that evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on certain municipal obligations. The underwriter of these certificates or receipts typically purchases municipal obligations and deposits the obligations in an irrevocable trust or custodial account with a custodian bank, which then issues receipts or certificates that evidence ownership of the periodic unmatured coupon payments and the final principal payment on the obligations. Although under the terms of a custodial receipt, the Fund would be typically authorized to assert its rights directly against the issuer of the underlying obligation, the Fund could be required to assert through the custodian bank those rights as may exist against the underlying issuer. Thus, in the event the underlying issuer fails to pay principal and/or interest when due, the Fund may be subject to delays, expenses and risks that are greater than those that would have been involved if the Fund had purchased a direct obligation of the issuer. In addition, in the event that the trust or custodial account in which the underlying security has been deposited is determined to be an association taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the yield on the underlying security would be reduced by any entity-level corporate taxes paid by such entity.

Custodial receipts may also evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on certain U.S. government obligations. Such obligations are held in custody by a bank on behalf of the owners. Custodial receipts are generally not considered obligations of the U.S. government for purposes of securities laws.

Cybersecurity Risks

With the increased use of technologies such as mobile devices and Web-based or “cloud” applications, and the dependence on the Internet and computer systems to conduct business, the Fund is susceptible to operational, information security and related risks. In general, cybersecurity incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events (arising from external or internal sources) that may cause the Fund to lose proprietary information, suffer data corruption, physical damage to a computer or network system or lose operational capacity. Cybersecurity attacks include, but are not limited to, infection by malicious software, such as malware or computer viruses or gaining unauthorized access to digital systems, networks or devices that are used to service the Fund’s operations (e.g., through “hacking,” “phishing” or malicious software coding) or other means for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cybersecurity attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on the Fund’s websites (i.e., efforts to make network services unavailable to intended users). In addition, authorized persons could inadvertently or intentionally release confidential or proprietary information stored on the Fund’s systems.

 

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Cybersecurity incidents affecting the Fund’s subadviser, Western Asset, other service providers to the Fund or its shareholders (including, but not limited to, Fund accountants, custodians, sub-custodians, transfer agents and financial intermediaries) have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses to both the Fund and its shareholders, interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its net asset value, impediments to trading, the inability of Fund shareholders to transact business and the Fund to process transactions, violations of applicable privacy and other laws (including the release of private shareholder information) and attendant breach notification and credit monitoring costs, regulatory fines, penalties, litigation costs, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, forensic investigation and remediation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. Similar adverse consequences could result from cybersecurity incidents affecting issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, counterparties with which the Fund engages in transactions, governmental and other regulatory authorities, exchange and other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies and other financial institutions (including financial intermediaries and other service providers) and other parties. In addition, substantial costs may be incurred in order to safeguard against and reduce the risk of any cybersecurity incidents in the future. In addition to administrative, technological and procedural safeguards, the FTFA and Western Asset have established business continuity plans in the event of, and risk management systems to prevent or reduce the impact of, such cybersecurity incidents. However, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified, as well as the rapid development of new threats. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by its service providers or any other third parties whose operations may affect the Fund and its shareholders. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.

Debt and Fixed Income Securities

The Fund may invest in a variety of debt and fixed income securities, which may be issued by governmental, corporate or other issuers. Debt securities may pay fixed, floating or variable rates of interest or interest at a rate contingent upon some other factor. Variable rate securities reset at specified intervals, while floating rate securities reset whenever there is a change in a specified index rate. In most cases, these reset provisions reduce the effect of market interest rates on the value of the security. However, some securities do not track the underlying index directly, but reset based on formulas that can produce an effect similar to leveraging; others may provide for interest payments that vary inversely with market rates. The market prices of these securities may fluctuate significantly when interest rates change.

These securities share principal risks. For example, the level of interest income generated by the Fund’s fixed income investments may decline due to a decrease in market interest rates. Thus, when fixed income securities mature or are sold, they may be replaced by lower-yielding investments. Also, their values fluctuate with changes in interest rates. A decrease in interest rates will generally result in an increase in the value of the Fund’s fixed income investments. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, the value of the Fund’s fixed income investments will generally decline. However, a change in interest rates will not have the same impact on all fixed rate securities. For example, the magnitude of these fluctuations will generally be greater when the Fund’s duration or average maturity is longer. In addition, certain fixed income securities are subject to credit risk, which is the risk that an issuer of securities will be unable to pay principal and interest when due, or that the value of the security will suffer because investors believe the issuer is unable to pay.

Fixed Income Securities Ratings. Securities rated in the fourth highest ratings category by a NRSRO, such as those rated BBB by S&P, or Baa by Moody’s, and unrated securities of comparable quality, are generally regarded as having adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal but may have some speculative characteristics. Securities rated below the fourth highest ratings category by an NRSRO, including those rated below Baa by Moody’s or BBB by S&P, and unrated securities of comparable quality, are generally considered below “investment grade,” and may have speculative characteristics, including a greater possibility of default or bankruptcy of the issuers of such securities, market price volatility based upon interest rate sensitivity, questionable creditworthiness and relative liquidity of the secondary trading market. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity for lower rated securities to make principal and interest payments, including a greater possibility of default or bankruptcy of the issuer, than is the case for high rated securities. Appendix A to this SAI contains further information concerning the rating categories of NRSROs and their significance.

 

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Derivatives — Generally

A derivative is a financial instrument that has a value based on, or derived from, the value of one or more underlying reference assets or instruments or measures of value or interest rates (“underlying instruments”), such as a security, a commodity, a currency, an index, an interest rate or a currency exchange rate. A derivative can also have a value based on the likelihood that an event will or will not occur. The Fund may engage in a variety of transactions using derivatives, including without limitation futures, options, forwards, interest rate swaps and other swaps (including buying and selling credit default swaps and options on credit default swaps), foreign currency futures, forwards and options, and futures contracts, warrants and other synthetic instruments that are intended to provide economic exposure to particular securities, assets or issuers or to be used as a hedging technique. The Fund may use one or more types of these instruments without limit. The Fund reserves the ability to enter into other similar transactions which may be developed in the future to the extent Western Asset determines that they are consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies and applicable regulatory requirements.

The Fund may use derivatives for any purpose, including but not limited to, in order to seek to enhance income, yield or return, as a substitute for investing directly in a security or asset, or as a hedging technique in order to seek to manage risk in the Fund’s portfolio. The Fund may choose not to make use of derivatives for a variety of reasons, and no assurance can be given that any derivatives strategy employed will be successful. The Fund’s use of derivative instruments may be limited from time to time by applicable law and regulation, availability or by policies adopted by the Board or Manager.

The Fund may utilize multiple derivative instruments and combinations of derivative instruments to seek to adjust the risk and return characteristics of its overall position. Combined positions will typically contain elements of risk that are present in each of its component transactions. It is possible that the combined position will not achieve its intended goal and will instead increase losses or risk to the Fund. Because combined positions involve multiple trades, they result in higher transaction costs and may be more difficult to open and close out.

The Fund may enter into derivatives with standardized terms that have no or few special or unusual components, which are generally traded on an exchange, as well as derivatives with more complex features, singly or in combination. Non-standardized derivatives are generally traded over the counter (“OTC”). OTC derivatives may be standardized or have customized features and may have limited or no liquidity. The Fund’s derivatives contracts may be centrally cleared or settled bilaterally directly with a counterparty. The Fund’s derivatives contracts may be cash settled or physically settled.

In addition to the instruments and strategies discussed in this section, additional opportunities in connection with derivatives and other similar or related techniques may become available to the Fund as a result of the development of new techniques, the development of new derivative instruments or a regulatory authority changing the range of permitted transactions. The Fund may utilize these opportunities and techniques to the extent that they are consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and permitted by its investment limitations and applicable law and regulation. These opportunities and techniques may involve risks different from or in addition to those summarized herein.

Risks of Derivatives Generally. The use of derivatives involves special considerations and risks, certain of which are summarized below, and may result in losses to the Fund. In general, derivatives may increase the volatility of the Fund and may involve a small amount of cash to establish the derivative position relative to the magnitude of the risk or exposure assumed. Even a small investment in derivatives may magnify or otherwise increase investment losses to the Fund.

Market risk. Derivatives can be complex, and their success depends in part upon the portfolio manager’s ability to forecast correctly future market or other trends or occurrences or other financial or economic factors or the value of the underlying instrument. Even if the portfolio manager’s forecasts are correct, other factors may cause distortions or dislocations in the markets that result in losses or otherwise unsuccessful transactions. Derivatives may behave in unexpected ways, especially in abnormal or volatile market conditions. The market value of the derivative itself or the market value of underlying instruments may change in a way that is adverse to the Fund’s interest. There is no assurance that the use of derivatives will be advantageous to the Fund or that the portfolio manager will use derivatives to hedge appropriately.

Illiquidity risk. The Fund’s ability to exit a derivative position depends on the existence of a liquid market or, in the absence of such a market, the ability and willingness of the other party to the transaction (the “counterparty”) to enter into a transaction closing out the position. If there is no market or the Fund is not successful in its negotiations, the Fund may not be able to sell or unwind the derivative position at an advantageous or anticipated time or price.

 

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This may also be the case if the counterparty becomes insolvent or otherwise defaults under the derivative transaction. The Fund may be required to make delivery of portfolio securities or other underlying instruments in order to close out a position or to sell portfolio securities or assets at a disadvantageous time or price in order to obtain cash to close out the position. While a position remains open, the Fund continues to be subject to investment risk on a derivative. The Fund may or may not be able to take other actions or enter into other transactions, including hedging transactions, to limit or reduce its exposure under the derivative. Illiquidity risk may be enhanced if a derivative transaction is particularly large. Certain derivatives, including certain OTC options and swaps, may be considered illiquid and therefore subject to the Fund’s limitation on illiquid investments.

Leverage risk. Certain derivative transactions may have a leveraging effect on the Fund, meaning that the Fund can obtain significant investment exposure in return for meeting a relatively small margin or other investment requirement. An adverse change in the value of an underlying instrument can result in losses substantially greater than the amount required to establish the derivative position. When the Fund engages in transactions that have a leveraging effect, the value of the Fund is likely to be more volatile and certain other risks also are likely to be compounded. This is because leverage generally magnifies the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of an investment. Certain derivatives have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment.

Margin risk. Certain derivatives require the Fund to make margin payments, a form of security deposit intended to protect against nonperformance of the derivative contract. The Fund may have to post additional margin if the value of the derivative position changes in a manner adverse to the Fund or if collateral provided by the Fund to secure its performance under the derivative contract decreases in value. Derivatives may be difficult to value, which may result in increased payment requirements to counterparties or a loss of value to the Fund. If the Fund has insufficient cash to meet additional margin requirements, it might need to sell assets or liquidate its derivative position at a disadvantageous time or price.

Speculation risk. Derivatives used for non-hedging purposes may result in losses that are not offset by increases in the value of portfolio holdings or declines in the cost of securities or other assets to be acquired. In the event that the Fund uses a derivative as an alternative to purchasing or selling other investments or in order to obtain desired exposure to an index or market, the Fund will be exposed to the same risks as are incurred in purchasing or selling the other investments directly, as well as the risks of the derivative transaction itself, such as market risk and counterparty credit risk.

Cover risk. As described below, the Fund may be required to maintain segregated assets as “cover,” or make margin payments when it takes positions in derivatives involving obligations to third parties (i.e., derivatives other than purchased options). If the Fund were unable to close out its positions in such derivatives, it might be required to continue to maintain such assets or accounts or make such payments until the position expired or matured. These requirements might impair the Fund’s ability to sell a portfolio security or make an investment at a time when it would otherwise be favorable to do so, or require that the Fund sell a portfolio security at a disadvantageous time.

Counterparty risk. Certain derivatives involve the risk of loss resulting from the actual or potential insolvency or bankruptcy of the counterparty or the failure by the counterparty to make required payments or otherwise comply with the terms of the contract. In the event of default by a counterparty, the Fund may have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction, which may be limited by applicable law in the case of the counterparty’s bankruptcy. The Fund may not be able to recover amounts owed to it by an insolvent counterparty.

Operational risk. There may be incomplete or erroneous documentation or inadequate collateral or margin, or transactions may fail to settle. The Fund may have only contractual remedies in the event of a counterparty default, and there may be delays, costs or disagreements as to the meaning of contractual terms and litigation in enforcing those remedies.

Uncleared OTC risk. Uncleared OTC derivative transactions, such as options, swaps, forward contracts, and options on foreign currencies, are entered into directly with counterparties or financial institutions acting as market makers, rather than being traded on exchanges or other trading platforms. Because uncleared OTC derivatives and other transactions are traded between counterparties based on contractual relationships, the Fund is subject to the credit risk of the counterparty rather than that of the clearinghouse and clearing broker. Although the Fund intends to enter into such transactions only with counterparties which the Fund believes to be creditworthy, there can be no assurance that a counterparty will not default and that the Fund will not sustain a loss on a transaction as a result. Information available on counterparty creditworthiness may be incomplete or outdated, thus reducing the ability to anticipate counterparty defaults. The Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under an

 

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uncleared OTC derivative in the event of the default or bankruptcy of the counterparty. To the extent a counterparty’s obligations are not fully secured by collateral, then the Fund is essentially an unsecured creditor of the counterparty. If the counterparty defaults, the Fund will have contractual remedies, but there is no assurance that a counterparty will be able to meet its obligations pursuant to such contracts or that, in the event of default, the Fund will succeed in enforcing contractual remedies. Counterparty credit risk still exists even if a counterparty’s obligations are secured by collateral because the Fund’s interest in collateral may not be perfected or additional collateral may not be promptly posted as required. Counterparty credit risk also may be more pronounced if a counterparty’s obligations exceed the amount of collateral held by the Fund (if any), the Fund is unable to exercise its interest in collateral upon default by the counterparty, or if the termination value of the instrument varies significantly from the marked-to-market value of the instrument.

Non-U.S. derivatives risk. Derivative transactions may be conducted OTC outside of the United States or traded on foreign exchanges or other trading platforms. Such transactions may not be regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United States, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the price of, foreign securities or currencies. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (1) other foreign political, legal and economic factors, (2) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (3) delays in the Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non-business hours in the United States, (4) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms, procedures, margin requirements, fees, taxes or other charges than in the United States and (5) lower levels of volume and liquidity relative to United States derivatives markets.

Currency derivatives risk. Currency related transactions may be negatively affected by government exchange controls, blockages, and manipulations. Exchange rates may be influenced by factors extrinsic to a country’s economy. Also, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to foreign currencies. As a result, the information on which trading in currency derivatives is based may not be as complete as, and may be delayed beyond, comparable data for other types of transactions.

Turnover risk. Use of derivatives involves transaction costs, which may be significant. The Fund may be required to sell or purchase investments in connection with derivative transactions, potentially increasing the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate and transaction costs. Use of derivatives also may increase the amount of taxable income to shareholders.

Risks Associated with Hedging with Derivatives. Derivative linked hedging strategies may fail to achieve their intended objectives, which may reduce the Fund’s return. Successful use of derivatives to hedge positions depends on the correlation between the price of the derivative and the price of the hedged asset. Derivatives hedging involves “basis risk”, or the risk that changes in the value of the derivative transaction will correlate imperfectly with changes in value of the hedged asset.

For example, the Fund may attempt to protect against declines in the value of the Fund’s portfolio assets by entering into a variety of derivatives transactions, including selling futures contracts, entering into swaps or purchasing puts on indices or futures contracts (short hedging). To the extent the short hedge derivative transaction fails to perfectly offset declines in the value of hedged Fund assets, the value of the Fund’s assets would decline, and the short hedge would not hedge or mitigate the loss in the value of the assets.

If the Fund has used derivatives to hedge or otherwise reduce the Fund’s risk exposure to a particular position and then disposes of that position at a time at which it cannot also settle, terminate or close out the corresponding hedge position, this may create net short investment exposure. Certain “short” derivative positions involve investment leverage, and the amount of the Fund’s potential loss is theoretically unlimited.

The Fund can use derivative instruments to establish a position in the market as a temporary substitute for the purchase of individual securities or other assets (long hedging) by buying futures contracts and/or calls on such futures contracts, indices or on securities or other assets, or entering into swaps. It is possible that when the Fund does so the market might decline. If the Fund then decides not to invest in the assets because of concerns that the market might decline further or for other reasons, the Fund will realize a loss on the hedge position that is not offset by a reduction in the price of the asset the Fund had intended to purchase.

Risk of Government Regulation of Derivatives. The regulation of derivatives transactions and funds that engage in such transactions is an evolving area of law and is subject to modification by government and judicial action. It is impossible to fully predict the effects of new and existing legislation and regulation, but the effects could be substantial and adverse. Additional regulation could, among other things, make derivatives more costly, limit their

 

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availability or utility, otherwise adversely affect their performance or disrupt markets. Such regulation may limit or prevent the Fund from using derivatives as part of its investment strategy and could ultimately prevent the Fund from being able to achieve its investment goals. Limitations or restrictions applicable to the counterparties with which the Fund engages in derivative transactions could also prevent the Fund from using derivatives, adversely affect pricing or other factors relating to derivatives or adversely affect the availability of certain investments.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) has mandated broad changes to the OTC derivatives market and granted significant authority to the SEC and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) to regulate OTC derivatives markets. Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations, OTC derivatives transactions are subject to comprehensive regulation, including mandatory clearing, margin and reporting requirements, among others. Similar regulations are being adopted in other jurisdictions around the world. While the new rules and regulations are designed to reduce systemic risk (i.e., the risk that the interdependence of large derivatives dealers could cause them to suffer liquidity, solvency or other challenges simultaneously), there is no assurance that they will achieve that result, and the ultimate impact of the regulations remains unclear. Additional regulation of derivatives may make derivatives more costly, limit their availability or utility, otherwise adversely affect their performance or disrupt markets.

Additionally, new regulations may result in increased uncertainty about counterparty risk and may limit the flexibility of the Fund to protect its interests in the event of an insolvency of a derivatives counterparty. In the event of a counterparty’s (or its affiliate’s) insolvency, the Fund’s ability to exercise remedies, such as the termination of transactions, netting of obligations and realization on collateral, could be stayed or eliminated under the rules of the applicable exchange or clearing corporation or under new special resolution regimes adopted in the United States, the European Union and various other jurisdictions. Such regimes provide government authorities with broad authority to intervene when a financial institution is experiencing financial difficulty. In particular, with respect to counterparties who are subject to such proceedings in the European Union, the liabilities of such counterparties to the Fund could be reduced, eliminated, or converted to equity in such counterparties (sometimes referred to as a “bail in”).

Cover. The Fund’s use of derivatives may create financial obligations to third parties which if not covered could be construed as “senior securities” (as defined in the 1940 Act). To the extent that the Fund determined that such obligations may be deemed to create “senior securities,” the Fund intends to segregate or earmark liquid assets or otherwise “cover” such obligations. The Fund may cover such obligations using methods that are currently or in the future permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder or orders issued by the SEC thereunder and to the extent deemed appropriate by the Fund, interpretations and guidance of the SEC staff.

The Fund segregates with its custodian or otherwise earmarks cash, cash equivalents or liquid assets in an amount the Fund believes to be adequate to ensure that it has sufficient liquid assets to meet its obligations under its derivatives contracts, or the Fund may engage in other measures to “cover” its obligations with respect to such transactions. The amounts that are segregated or earmarked may be based on the derivative’s notional value or on the daily mark-to-market obligation under the derivatives contract and may be reduced by amounts on deposit with the applicable broker or counterparty to the derivatives transaction. The Fund may segregate or earmark amounts in addition to the amounts described above. For example, if the Fund writes a physically settled put option, it may segregate or earmark liquid assets equal to the exercise price of the option, less margin on deposit, or hold the underlying instrument directly; if the Fund writes a cash settled put option, it may segregate or earmark liquid assets equal to the amount the option is in the money (meaning the difference between the exercise price of the option and the current market price of the underlying instrument, when the exercise price of the option is higher than the market price of the underlying instrument), marked to market on a daily basis, less margin on deposit. Alternatively, the Fund may, in certain circumstances, enter into an offsetting position rather than segregating or designating liquid assets (e.g., the Fund may cover a written put option with a purchased put option with the same or higher exercise price or cover a written call option with a purchased call option with the same or lower exercise price).

The segregation of assets does not reduce the risks to the Fund of entering into transactions in derivatives. Additionally, although the portfolio manager attempts to ensure that the Fund has sufficient liquid assets in respect of its obligations under its derivative contracts, it is possible that the Fund’s liquid assets may be insufficient to support such obligations under its derivatives positions. The Fund may modify its asset segregation policies from time to time. The SEC has adopted new Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, which will require a fund that is not a “limited derivatives user” as described in Rule 18f-4(c)(4) to adopt a derivatives risk management program providing for specific items as required by the rule, including compliance with a VaR test. The provisions of Rule

 

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18f-4 will replace the 1940 Act cover requirements for reverse repurchase agreements, similar financing transactions and derivatives transactions discussed in this Prospectus. Under Rule 18f-4(d), a fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions in reliance on the rule if the fund either (i) complies with the asset coverage requirements of Section 18 of the 1940 Act, and combines the aggregate amount of indebtedness associated with all reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions with the aggregate amount of any other senior securities representing indebtedness when calculating its asset coverage ratio; or (ii) treats all reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions as derivatives transactions for all purposes under the rule. Compliance with Rule 18f-4 will be required by August 19, 2022. Following the compliance date, these requirements may limit the ability of the Fund to use derivatives and reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions as part of its investment strategies. These requirements may also increase the cost of the Fund’s investments in derivatives reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions, which could adversely affect the value of your investment.

Foreign Currency Instruments and Hedging Strategies

The Fund may use options and futures contracts on foreign currencies and forward currency contracts and currency swap agreements (collectively, “Currency Instruments”), in order to seek to hedge against movements in the values of the foreign currencies in which the Fund’s securities are denominated or in order to seek to enhance the Fund’s return or yield. The Fund may also use such investments in order to seek to establish a short position or to obtain exposure to a market that would be more costly or difficult to access with other types of investments, such as bonds or currency. The Fund may also engage in foreign currency transactions on a spot (cash) basis at the rate prevailing in the currency exchange market at the time of the transaction. The Fund may determine not to hedge, and the Fund may be completely unhedged at any point in time. In cases when a particular currency is difficult to hedge or difficult to hedge against the U.S. dollar, the Fund may seek to hedge against price movements in that currency by entering into transactions using Currency Instruments on another currency or a basket of currencies, the value of which the portfolio manager believes will have a high degree of positive correlation to the value of the currency being hedged. The risk that movements in the price of the Currency Instrument will not correlate perfectly with movements in the price of the currency subject to the hedging transaction is magnified when this strategy is used.

Currency Instruments Risks. In addition to the risks found under “Derivatives – Risks of Derivatives Generally,” Currency Instruments are subject to the following risks:

The value of Currency Instruments depends on the value of the underlying foreign currency relative to the U.S. dollar. Because foreign currency transactions occurring in the interbank market might involve substantially larger amounts than those involved in the Fund’s use of such Currency Instruments, the Fund could be disadvantaged by having to deal in the odd lot market (generally consisting of transactions of less than $1 million) for the underlying foreign currencies at prices that are less favorable than for round lots. There is no systematic reporting of last sale information for foreign currencies or any regulatory requirement that quotations available through dealers or other market sources be firm or revised on a timely basis. Quotation information generally is representative of very large transactions in the interbank market and thus might not reflect odd-lot transactions where rates might be less favorable. The interbank market in foreign currencies is a global, round-the-clock market. To the extent the U.S. options or futures markets are closed while the markets for the underlying currencies remain open, significant price and rate movements might take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the U.S. markets for the Currency Instruments until they reopen.

Settlement of hedging transactions involving foreign currencies might be required to take place within the country issuing the underlying currency. Thus, the Fund might be required to accept or make delivery of the underlying foreign currency in accordance with any U.S. or foreign regulations regarding the maintenance of foreign banking arrangements by U.S. residents and might be required to pay any fees, taxes and charges associated with such delivery assessed in the issuing country.

Forward Currency Contracts

The Fund may enter into forward currency contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies for a fixed amount of U.S. dollars or another currency at a future date and at a price set by the parties to the forward currency contract. Forward currency contracts are traded directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers (such as the Fund).

 

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The Fund may purchase a forward currency contract to lock in the U.S. dollar price of a security denominated in a foreign currency that the Fund intends to acquire (a long hedge). The Fund may sell a forward currency contract to lock in the U.S. dollar equivalent of the proceeds from the anticipated sale of a security, dividend or interest payment denominated in a foreign currency (a short hedge). A “position hedge” is when the Fund owns a security denominated in, for example, euros and to protect against a possible decline in the euro’s value, the Fund enters into a forward currency contract to sell euros in return for U.S. dollars. A “position hedge” tends to offset both positive and negative currency fluctuations but would not offset changes in security values caused by other factors. A “proxy hedge” is when the Fund owns a security denominated in, for example, euros and to protect against a possible decline in the euro’s value, the Fund enters into a forward currency contract to sell a currency expected to perform similarly to the euro in return for U.S. dollars. A “proxy hedge” could offer advantages in terms of cost, yield or efficiency, but generally would not hedge currency exposure as effectively as a position hedge to the extent the proxy currency does not perform similarly to the targeted currency. The Fund could, in fact, lose money on both legs of the hedge, i.e., between the euro and proxy currency, and between the proxy currency and the dollar. The Fund also may use forward currency contracts to attempt to enhance return or yield. The Fund could use forward currency contracts to increase its exposure to foreign currencies that the portfolio manager believes might rise in value relative to the U.S. dollar, or shift its exposure to foreign currency fluctuations from one country to another. For example, if the Fund’s portfolio manager believes that the U.S. dollar will increase in value relative to the euro, the Fund could write a forward contract to buy U.S. dollars in three months at the current price in order to sell those U.S. dollars for a profit if the U.S. dollar does in fact appreciate in value relative to the euro. The cost to the Fund of engaging in forward currency contracts varies with factors such as the currency involved, the length of the contract period and the market conditions then prevailing. Because forward currency contracts are usually entered into on a principal basis, no fees or commissions are involved. When the Fund enters into a forward currency contract, it relies on the counterparty to make or take delivery of the underlying currency at the maturity of the contract. Failure by the counterparty to do so would result in the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction.

The precise matching of forward currency contract amounts, and the value of the securities involved generally will not be possible because the value of such securities, measured in the foreign currency, will change after the forward currency contract has been established. Thus, the Fund may need to purchase or sell foreign currencies in the spot (i.e., cash) market to the extent such foreign currencies are not covered by forward currency contracts. The projection of short-term currency market movements is extremely difficult, and the successful execution of a short-term hedging strategy is highly uncertain.

Successful use of forward currency contracts depends on the portfolio manager’s skill in analyzing and predicting currency values, among other factors. Forward currency contracts may substantially change the Fund’s exposure to changes in currency exchange rates and could result in losses to the Fund if currencies do not perform as the portfolio manager anticipates. There is no assurance that the portfolio manager’s use of forward currency contracts will be advantageous to the Fund or that the portfolio manager will hedge at an appropriate time.

Non-deliverable Forwards. The consummation of a deliverable foreign exchange forward requires the actual exchange of the principal amounts of the two currencies in the contract (i.e., settlement on a physical basis). Forward currency contracts in which the Fund may engage also include non-deliverable forwards (“NDFs”). NDFs are cash-settled, short-term forward contracts on foreign currencies (each a “Reference Currency”) that are non-convertible and that may be thinly traded or illiquid. NDFs involve an obligation to pay an amount equal to the difference between the prevailing market exchange rate for the Reference Currency and the agreed upon exchange rate, with respect to an agreed notional amount. NDFs are subject to many of the risks associated with derivatives in general and forward currency transactions, including risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency and the risk that the counterparty will fail to fulfill its obligations.

Under the Dodd-Frank Act, NDFs are classified as “swaps” and are therefore subject to the full panoply of CFTC swap regulations under the Dodd-Frank Act. Although NDFs have historically been traded OTC, in the future, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, they may be subject to mandatory clearing. For more information on central clearing and trading of cleared swaps, see “Swaps” below. Non-centrally-cleared NDFs are subject to mandatory minimum margin requirements for uncleared swaps. Deliverable foreign exchange forwards that solely involve the exchange of two different currencies on a specific future date at a fixed rate agreed upon by the parties are not considered “swaps” and accordingly are not subject to many of the regulations that apply to NDFs.

 

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Futures Contracts and Options on Future Contracts

Generally, a futures contract is an exchange-traded, standardized agreement that obligates the seller of the contract to deliver a specified quantity of an underlying instrument, such as a security, currency or commodity, to the purchaser of the contract, who has the obligation to take delivery of the underlying instrument, at a specified price and date. In the case of futures on indices, the two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the level of the index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the contract originally was written. Options on futures give the purchaser the right to assume a position in a futures contract at the specified exercise price at any time during the period of the option.

Futures contracts, by their terms, have stated expirations and, at a specified point in time prior to expiration, trading in a futures contract for the current delivery month will cease. As a result, an investor wishing to maintain exposure to a futures contract with the nearest expiration must close out the position in the expiring contract and establish a new position in the contract for the next delivery month, a process referred to as “rolling.” The process of rolling a futures contract can be profitable or unprofitable depending in large part on whether the futures price for the subsequent delivery month is less than or more than the price of the expiring contract.

Futures contracts may be used for hedging and non-hedging purposes, such as to simulate full investment in the underlying instrument while retaining a cash balance for portfolio management purposes, as a substitute for direct investment in the underlying instrument, to facilitate trading, to reduce transaction costs, or to seek higher investment returns (e.g., when a futures contract or option is priced more attractively than the underlying instrument). In addition, futures strategies can be used to manage the average duration of the Fund’s fixed income portfolio, if applicable. The Fund may sell a debt futures contract or a call option thereon or purchase a put option on that futures contract to attempt to shorten the portfolio’s average duration. Alternatively, the Fund may buy a debt futures contract or a call option thereon or sell a put option thereon to attempt to lengthen the portfolio’s average duration.

At the inception of a futures contract the Fund is required to deposit “initial margin” with a futures commission merchant (“FCM”) in an amount at least equal to the amount designated by the futures exchange . Margin must also be deposited when writing a call or put option on a futures contract, in accordance with applicable exchange rules. Unlike margin in securities transactions, initial margin on futures contracts does not represent a borrowing, but rather is in the nature of a performance bond or good-faith deposit that is required to be returned to the Fund at the termination of the transaction if all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Under certain circumstances, such as periods of high volatility, the Fund may be required by an exchange to increase the level of its initial margin payment, and initial margin requirements might be increased generally in the future by regulatory action.

In addition to initial margin payments, during the life of the transaction “variation margin” or “settlement variation” payments are made to and from the FCM as the value of the margin and the underlying derivative transaction varies, a process known as “marking-to-market.” Variation margin is intended to represent a daily settlement of the Fund’s obligations to or from an FCM. When the Fund purchases an option on a futures contract, the premium paid plus transaction costs is all that is at risk. However, there may be circumstances when the purchase of an option on a futures contract would result in a loss to the Fund when the use of a futures contract would not, such as when there is no movement in the value of the assets or currencies being hedged. In that case, the Fund would lose the premium it paid for the option plus transaction costs. In contrast, when the Fund purchases or sells a futures contract or writes a call or put option thereon, it is subject to daily variation margin calls that could be substantial in the event of adverse price movements. If the Fund has insufficient cash to meet daily variation margin requirements, it might need to sell securities at a time when such sales are disadvantageous.

Although some futures and options on futures call for making or taking delivery of the underlying instrument, generally those contracts are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures or options (involving the same instrument and delivery month). If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a loss. If an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a loss. The Fund will also bear transaction costs for each contract, which will be included in these calculations. Positions in futures and options on futures may be closed only on an exchange or board of trade that provides a secondary market. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for a particular contract at a particular time. In such event, it may not be possible to close a futures contract or options position.

 

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Under certain circumstances, futures exchanges may establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or an option on a futures contract can vary from the previous day’s settlement price; once that limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. Daily price limits do not limit potential losses because prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no trading, thereby preventing liquidation of unfavorable positions. If the Fund were unable to liquidate a futures contract or an option on a futures position due to the absence of a liquid secondary market, the imposition of price limits or otherwise, it could incur substantial losses. The Fund would continue to be subject to market risk with respect to the position. In addition, except in the case of purchased options, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily variation margin payments and might be required to maintain the position being hedged by the future or option or to segregate cash or securities (or designate these assets on its books as segregated).

Among other factors, successful use of futures contracts and related options depends upon the ability of the portfolio manager to assess movements in the direction of prices of securities, commodities, measures of value, or interest or exchange rates, which requires different skills and techniques than assessing the value of individual securities. Moreover, futures contracts relate not to the current price level of the underlying instrument, but to the anticipated price level at some point in the future; accordingly trading of stock index futures may not reflect the trading of the securities that are used to formulate the index or even actual fluctuations in the index itself. There is, in addition, the risk that movements in the price of the futures contract will not correlate with the movements in the prices of the securities being hedged. Price distortions in the marketplace, resulting from increased participation by speculators in the futures market (among other things), may also impair the correlation between movements in the prices of futures contracts and movements in the prices of the hedged securities. If the price of the futures contract moves less than the price of securities that are the subject of the hedge, the hedge will not be fully effective; but if the price of the securities being hedged has moved in an unfavorable direction, the Fund would be in a better position than if it had not hedged at all. If the price of the securities being hedged has moved in a favorable direction, this advantage may be partially offset by losses on the futures position.

Positions in futures contracts may be closed out only on an exchange or board of trade that provides a market for such futures contracts. Although the Fund intends to purchase and sell futures only on exchanges or boards of trade where there appears to be a liquid market, there is no assurance that such a market will exist for any particular contract at any particular time. In such event, it may not be possible to close a futures position and, in the event of adverse price movements, the Fund would continue to be required to make variation margin payments. Options have a limited life and thus can be disposed of only within a specific time period.

Purchasers of options on futures contracts pay a premium in cash at the time of purchase which, in the event of adverse price movements, could be lost. Sellers of options on futures contracts must post initial margin and are subject to additional margin calls that could be substantial in the event of adverse price movements. Because of the low margin deposits required, futures trading involves a high degree of leverage; as a result, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and substantial loss, or gain, to the Fund. In addition, the Fund’s activities in the futures markets may result in a higher portfolio turnover rate and additional transaction costs in the form of added brokerage commissions. In addition, applicable position limits may affect the hedging and investment activities of participants in derivatives markets and in the markets for the assets underlying such derivatives contracts, which could reduce the liquidity and adversely affect the pricing of derivatives contracts impacted by such position limits, thereby adversely affecting the performance of the Fund.

As noted above, exchanges may impose limits on the amount by which the price of a futures contract or related option is permitted to change in a single day. If the price of a contract moves to the limit for several consecutive days, the Fund may be unable during that time to close its position in that contract and may have to continue making payments of variation margin. The Fund may also be unable to dispose of securities or other instruments being used as “cover” during such a period. The CFTC and domestic exchanges have also established speculative position limits on the maximum speculative position that any person, or group of persons acting in concert, may hold or control in particular contracts and certain related swaps. Under current regulations, other accounts managed by the Manager or, if applicable, Subadviser are combined with the positions held by the Fund under the Manager’s or, if applicable, Subadviser’s management for position limit purposes. This trading could preclude additional trading by the Fund in such contracts.

When the Fund engages in futures transactions, it will also be exposed to the credit risk of its FCM. If the Fund’s FCM becomes bankrupt or insolvent, or otherwise defaults on its obligations to the Fund, the Fund may not receive all amounts owed to it in respect of its trading, even if the clearinghouse fully discharges all of its obligations. If an

 

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FCM were not to appropriately segregate client assets to the full extent required by the CEA, the Fund might not be fully protected in the event of the bankruptcy of an FCM. In the event of an FCM’s bankruptcy, the Fund would be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds segregated on behalf of an FCM’s combined customer accounts, even if certain property held by an FCM is specifically traceable to the Fund (for example, U.S. Treasury bills deposited by the Fund). Such situations could arise due to various factors, or a combination of factors, including inadequate FCM capitalization, inadequate controls on customer trading and inadequate customer capital. In addition, in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a clearinghouse, the Fund might experience a loss of funds deposited through its FCM as margin with the clearinghouse, a loss of unrealized profits on its open positions and the loss of funds owed to it as realized profits on closed positions. Such a bankruptcy or insolvency might also cause a substantial delay before the Fund could obtain the return of funds owed to it by an FCM who is a member of such clearinghouse.

Options

A call option gives the purchaser the right to buy, and obligates the writer to sell, a specified amount or value of a particular underlying asset or interest (such as a specified security, commodity, currency, interest rate, currency exchange rate or index) at an agreed-upon price (“strike price”). A put option gives the purchaser the right to sell, and obligates the writer to buy, a specified amount or value of a particular underlying asset or interest at an agreed-upon price. An American-style option may be exercised at any time during the term of the option, while a European-style option may be exercised only at the expiration of the option. Purchasers of options pay an amount, known as a premium, to the option writer in exchange for the right granted under the option contract.

The value of an option position will reflect, among other things, the current market value of the underlying instrument, the time remaining until expiration, the relationship of the strike price to the market price of the underlying instrument, the historical price volatility of the underlying instrument and general market conditions. If the purchaser does not exercise the option, it will expire and the purchaser will have only lost the premium paid. If a secondary market exists, a purchaser or the writer may terminate a put option position prior to its exercise by selling it in the secondary market at its current price. The Fund will pay a brokerage commission each time it buys or sells an option. Such commissions may be higher than those that would apply to direct purchases or sales of the underlying instrument.

Exchange-traded options in the United States are issued by a clearing organization affiliated with the exchange on which the option is listed and are standardized with respect to the underlying instrument, expiration date, contract size and strike price. In contrast, OTC options (options not traded on exchanges) are contracts between the Fund and a counterparty (usually a securities dealer or a bank) with no clearing organization guarantee. The terms of OTC options generally are established through negotiation with the other party to the option contract (the counterparty). For a discussion on options on futures see “Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts”.

Put Options. In return for receipt of the premium, the writer of a put option assumes the obligation to pay the strike price for the option’s underlying instrument if the buyer exercises the option. A put writer would generally expect to profit, although its gain would be limited to the amount of the premium it received, if the underlying instrument’s price remains greater than or equal to the strike price. If the underlying instrument’s price falls below the strike price, the put writer would expect to suffer a loss. The buyer of a put option can expect to realize a gain if the underlying instrument’s price falls enough to offset the cost of purchasing the option. Any losses suffered by the buyer would be limited to the amount of the premium plus related transaction costs.

Optional delivery standby commitments are a type of put that gives the buyer of an underlying instrument the right to sell the underlying instrument back to the seller on specified terms to induce a purchase of the underlying instrument.

Call Options. In return for the receipt of the premium, the writer of a call option assumes the obligation to sell the underlying instrument at the strike price to the buyer upon exercise of the option. A call writer would generally expect to profit, although its gain would be limited to the amount of the premium it received, if the option goes unexercised, which typically occurs when the underlying instrument’s price remains less than or equal to the strike price. If the underlying instrument’s prices were to rise above the strike price, the writer of the call option would generally expect to suffer a loss, which is theoretically unlimited. A call buyer’s maximum loss is the premium paid for the call option, whereas the buyer’s maximum profit is theoretically unlimited.

 

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Straddles. A long straddle is the purchase of a call and a put option with the same expiration date and relating to the same underlying instrument where the strike price of the put is less than or equal to the strike price of the call. The Fund may enter into a long straddle when its portfolio manager believes that the underlying instrument’s price will move significantly during the term of the options. A short straddle is a combination of a call and a put written on the same underlying instrument with the same expiration date where the strike price of the put is less than or equal to the strike price of the call. In a covered short straddle, the underlying instrument is considered cover for both the put and the call that the Fund has written. The Fund may enter into a short straddle when the portfolio manager believes that it is unlikely that underlying instrument’s prices will experience volatility during the term of the options.

Options on Indices. Puts and calls on indices are similar to puts and calls on other underlying instruments except that all settlements are in cash and gains or losses depend on changes in the level of the index rather than on price movements of individual underlying instruments. The writer of a call on an index receives a premium and the obligation to pay the purchaser an amount of cash equal to the difference between the closing level of the index and the strike price times a specified multiple (“multiplier”), if the closing level of the index is greater than the strike price of the call. The writer of a put on an index receives a premium and the obligation to deliver to the buyer an amount of cash equal to the difference between the closing level of the index and strike price times the multiplier if the closing level is less than the strike price.

Options on Indices Risk. The risks of investment in options on indices may be greater than options on securities and other instruments. Because index options are settled in cash, when the Fund writes a call on an index it generally cannot provide in advance for other underlying instruments because it may not be practical for the call writer to hedge its potential settlement obligations by acquiring and holding the underlying securities. The Fund can offset some of the risk of writing a call index option by holding a diversified portfolio of securities similar to those on which the underlying index is based. However, the Fund cannot, as a practical matter, acquire and hold a portfolio containing exactly the same securities as underlie the index and, as a result, bears a risk that the value of the securities held will vary from the value of the index.

If the Fund exercises an index option before the closing index value for that day is available, there is the risk that the level of the underlying index may subsequently change. If such a change causes the exercised option to fall out-of-the-money, the Fund will be required to pay the difference between the closing index value and the strike price of the option (times the applicable multiplier) to the assigned writer.

Timing Risk. The hours of trading for options may not conform to the hours during which the underlying instrument are traded. To the extent that the options markets close before the markets for the underlying instrument, significant price and rate movements can take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the options markets. Options are marked to market daily and their value will be affected by changes in the value of the underlying instrument, changes in the dividend rates of the underlying securities, an increase in interest rates, changes in the actual or perceived volatility of the stock market and the underlying instrument and the remaining time to the options’ expiration. Additionally, the exercise price of an option may be adjusted downward before the option’s expiration as a result of the occurrence of certain corporate or other events affecting the underlying instrument, such as extraordinary dividends, stock splits, merger or other extraordinary distributions or events. A reduction in the exercise price of an option would reduce the Fund’s capital appreciation potential on an underlying instrument.

Swaps

Generally, a swap agreement involves the exchange between two parties of their respective commitments to pay or receive cash flows, e.g., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed-rate payments. Swaps may be negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC (OTC swaps) or, for certain types of swaps, must be executed through a centralized exchange or trading platform and be cleared through a regulated clearinghouse (cleared swaps). Swaps include but are not limited to, interest rate swaps, total return swaps, index swaps, inflation indexed swaps, currency swaps, credit default swaps and options on swaps or “swaptions”.

OTC swap agreements can be individually negotiated and structured to include exposure to a variety of different types of investments (such as individual securities, baskets of securities and securities indices) or market factors. The swap returns are generally calculated with respect to a notional amount, that is, the nominal or face amount used to calculate the payments to be made between the parties to the OTC swap.

The Fund may enter into one or more swap agreements for hedging or non-hedging purposes, including but not limited to, to enhance returns, increase liquidity, protect against currency and security price fluctuations, manage duration and gain exposure to certain markets or securities in a more cost-efficient manner.

 

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When the Fund enters into a swap agreement on a net basis, the net amount of the excess, if any, of the Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each swap will be accrued on a daily basis and an amount of cash, cash equivalent or liquid assets having an aggregate market value at least equal to the accrued excess will be segregated in an account with the Fund’s custodian that satisfies the requirements of the 1940 Act. The Fund will take similar action with respect to its total obligations under any swaps that are not entered into on a net basis and with respect to any caps or floors that are written by the Fund.

Depending on their structure, swap agreements may increase or decrease the overall volatility of the Fund’s investments and its share price and yield and may affect the Fund’s exposure to long- or short-term interest rates (in the United States or abroad), foreign currency values, mortgage-backed security values, corporate borrowing rates or other market factors such as security prices or inflation rates.

Swap agreements used for hedging purposes may shift the Fund’s investment exposure from one type of investment to another. For example, if the Fund agrees to exchange payments in U.S. dollars for payments in foreign currency, the swap agreement would tend to decrease the Fund’s exposure to U.S. interest rates and increase its exposure to foreign currency and interest rates.

The absence of a central exchange or market for swap transactions may lead, in some instances, to difficulties in trading and valuation, especially in the event of market disruptions.

Cleared Swaps. Recent legislation and implementing regulations require certain swaps to be cleared through a regulated clearinghouse. Although this clearing mechanism is generally intended to reduce counterparty credit risk, it may disrupt or limit the swap market and may result in swaps being more difficult to trade or value. As swaps become more standardized, the Fund may not be able to enter into swaps that meet its investment needs. The Fund also may not be able to find a clearinghouse willing to accept a swap for clearing. In the context of a cleared swap, a clearing broker will act as intermediary on behalf of the fund, and a central clearing organization will be the counterparty to the transaction. The Fund will assume the risk that the clearing broker or clearing organization may be unable to perform its obligations.

When the Fund enters into a cleared swap transaction, the Fund is subject to the credit and counterparty risk of the clearing house and the clearing broker through which it holds its cleared position. Counterparty risk of market participants with respect to centrally cleared swaps is concentrated in a few clearing houses, and it is not clear how an insolvency proceeding of a clearing house would be conducted and what impact an insolvency of a clearing house would have on the financial system. A clearing broker is obligated by contract and by applicable law and regulation to segregate all funds received from customers with respect to cleared derivatives transactions from the clearing member’s proprietary assets. However, all funds and other property received by a clearing broker from its customers generally are held by the clearing broker on a commingled basis in an omnibus account, and the clearing member may invest those funds in certain instruments permitted under the applicable regulations. The assets of the Fund might not be fully protected in the event of the bankruptcy or default of the Fund’s clearing member, because the Fund would be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds segregated on behalf of the clearing broker’s customers for a relevant account class. In addition, the clearing member is required to transfer to the clearing organization the amount of margin required by the clearing organization, which amounts generally are held in an omnibus account at the clearing organization for all customers of the clearing broker. Regulations promulgated by the CFTC require that the clearing broker notify the clearing house of the amount of initial margin provided by the clearing broker to the clearing organization that is attributable to each customer’s cleared swaps positions. However, if the clearing broker does not provide accurate reporting, the Fund is subject to the risk that a clearing organization will use the Fund’s assets held in an omnibus account at the clearing organization to satisfy payment obligations of a defaulting customer of the clearing broker to the clearing organization. In addition, clearing brokers generally provide to the clearing organization the net amount of variation margin required for cleared swaps for all of its customers in the aggregate, rather than the gross amount of each customer. The Fund is therefore subject to the risk that a clearing organization will not make variation margin payments owed to the Fund if another customer of the clearing broker has suffered a loss and is in default, and the risk that the Fund will be required to provide additional variation margin to the clearing house before the clearing house will move the Fund’s cleared derivatives transactions to another clearing broker. In addition, if a clearing broker does not comply with the applicable regulations or its agreement with the Fund, or in the event of fraud or misappropriation of customer assets by a clearing member, the Fund could have only an unsecured creditor claim in an insolvency of the clearing broker with respect to the margin held by the clearing broker.

 

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In some ways, centrally cleared swaps arrangements are less favorable to the Fund than OTC swaps arrangements. For example, the Fund may be required to provide greater amounts of margin for cleared swaps than for OTC swaps. In addition, in contrast to OTC swaps, following a period of notice to the Fund, a clearing broker generally can require termination or transfer of existing cleared swaps at any time or increase applicable margin requirements above the margin that the clearing member broker previously required. Clearing houses also have broad rights to increase margin requirements for existing transactions or to terminate transactions at any time. Any increase in margin requirements or termination by the clearing member or the clearing house could interfere with the ability of the Fund to pursue its investment strategy. Further, any increase in margin requirements by a clearing broker could also expose the Fund to greater credit risk of its clearing broker, because margin for cleared swaps in excess of clearing house margin requirements typically is held by the clearing broker. While the documentation in place between the Fund and its clearing brokers generally provides that the clearing broker will accept for clearing all transactions submitted for clearing that are within credit limits (specified in advance) for the Fund, the Fund is still subject to the risk that no clearing member and clearing house will be willing or able to clear a transaction. In those cases, the transaction might have to be terminated, and the Fund could lose some or all of the benefit of the transaction, including loss of an increase in the value of the transaction and/or loss of hedging protection offered by the transaction. In addition, the documentation governing the relationship between the Fund and its clearing brokers is developed by the clearing brokers and generally is less favorable to the Fund than typical uncleared swap documentation. For example, this documentation generally includes a one-way indemnity by the Fund in favor of the clearing member, indemnifying the clearing broker against losses it incurs in connection with acting as the Fund’s clearing broker, and the documentation typically does not give the Fund any rights to exercise remedies if the clearing broker defaults or becomes insolvent.

Some types of cleared swaps are required to be executed on an exchange or on a swap execution facility (“SEF”). A SEF is a trading platform where multiple market participants can execute swaps by accepting bids and offers made by multiple other participants in the platform. While this execution requirement is designed to increase transparency and liquidity in the cleared swap market, trading on a SEF can create additional costs and risks for the Fund. For example, SEFs typically charge fees, and if the Fund executes swaps on a SEF through a broker intermediary, the intermediary may impose fees as well. In addition, the Fund may be obligated to a SEF, or a broker intermediary who executes cleared swaps on a SEF on the Fund’s behalf, against any losses or costs that may be incurred as a result of the Fund’s transactions on the SEF.

The Fund may enter into swap transactions with certain counterparties pursuant to master netting agreements. A master netting agreement provides that all swaps entered into between the Fund and that counterparty shall be regarded as parts of an integral agreement. If amounts are payable on a particular date in the same currency in respect of more than one swap transaction, the amount payable shall be the net amount. In addition, the master netting agreement may provide that if one party defaults generally or on any swap, the counterparty can terminate all outstanding swaps with that party. As a result, to the extent the Fund enters into master netting agreements with a counterparty, the Fund may be required to terminate a greater number of swap agreements than if it had not entered into such an agreement in the event of a counterparty default, which may result in losses to the Fund.

Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors. Interest rate swaps are agreements between two parties to exchange interest rate payment obligations. Typically, one party’s obligation is based on a fixed interest rate while the other party’s obligation is based on an interest rate that fluctuates with changes in a designated benchmark. An interest rate cap transaction entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index exceeds a predetermined value, to receive payments on a notional amount from the party selling the cap. An interest rate floor transaction entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined value, to receive payments on a notional amount from the party selling the floor. A collar combines elements of buying a cap and a floor. Caps and floors have an effect similar to buying or writing options. Caps and floors typically have lower liquidity than swaps.

Options on Swaps (“Swaptions”). A swaption is a contract that gives the counterparty the right, but not the obligation to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Swaptions are generally subject to the same risks involved in the use of options and swaps. Depending on the terms of the option agreement, the Fund will generally incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, only the amount of premium the Fund paid is at risk should the option expire unexercised. However, when a Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement, which may result in losses to the Fund in excess of the premium it received.

 

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Credit Default Swaps and Related Investments. The Fund may enter into credit default swap contracts for investment purposes and to add leverage to its investment portfolio. In these transactions, the Fund is generally required to pay the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation to the counterparty in the event of a default on, restructuring or downgrade of the debt obligation and/or a similar credit event. In return, the Fund would receive from the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no credit event has occurred. If no credit event occurs, the Fund would keep the stream of payments and would have no payment obligations. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its net assets, the Fund would be subject to potential loss of the par (or other agreed-upon) value it had undertaken to pay following the occurrence of a credit event. Credit default swap contracts involve special risks and may result in losses to the Fund. Credit default swaps may in some cases be illiquid, and they may increase the Fund’s aggregate market and credit risk since the Fund has exposure to both the issuer of the referenced obligation and the counterparty to the credit default swap and any custodian. As there is no central exchange or market for certain credit default swap transactions, they may be difficult to trade or value, especially in the event of market disruptions. It is possible that developments in the swap market, including new or modified government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to terminate existing credit default swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.

The Fund may also purchase credit default swap contracts to attempt to hedge against the risk of default of debt obligations held in its portfolio, in which case the Fund would function as the counterparty referenced in the preceding paragraph. This would involve the risk that the investment may expire worthless and would only generate income in the event of an actual default or other credit event in relation to the obligor under the referenced obligation (or, as applicable, a credit downgrade or other indication of financial instability). It would also involve credit risk—that the seller may fail to satisfy its payment obligations to the Fund in the event of a default.

The Fund may invest in credit default swap index products that provide exposure to multiple credits. The Fund can either buy the index (take on credit exposure) or sell the index (pass credit exposure to a counterparty). Such investments are subject to the associated risks with investments in credit default swaps discussed above.

Regulation as a “Commodity Pool”

The CFTC subjects advisers to registered investment companies to regulation by the CFTC if a fund that is advised by the investment adviser either (i) invests, directly or indirectly, more than a prescribed level of its liquidation value in CFTC-regulated futures, options and swaps (“CFTC Derivatives”), or (ii) markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. To the extent the Fund uses CFTC Derivatives, it intends to do so below such prescribed levels and will not market itself as a “commodity pool” or a vehicle for trading such instruments. Accordingly, the Manager has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) pursuant to Rule 4.5 under the CEA. The Manager is not, therefore, subject to registration or regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the CEA in respect of the Fund.

Distressed Debt Securities

Distressed debt securities are debt securities that are purchased in the secondary market and are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings or otherwise in default as to the repayment of principal and/or interest at the time of acquisition by the Fund or are rated in the lower rating categories (Ca or lower by Moody’s and CC or lower by S&P) or, if unrated, are in the judgment of the portfolio manager of equivalent quality. Investment in distressed debt securities is speculative and involves significant risk. The risks associated with high yield securities are heightened when investing in distressed debt securities.

The Fund may make such investments when the portfolio manager believes it is reasonably likely that the issuer of the distressed debt securities will make an exchange offer or will be the subject of a plan of reorganization pursuant to which the Fund will receive new securities (e.g., equity securities) and/or other assets. However, there can be no assurance that such an exchange offer will be made or that such a plan of reorganization will be adopted. In addition, a significant period of time may pass between the time at which the Fund makes its investment in distressed debt securities and the time that any such exchange offer or plan of reorganization is completed. During this period, it is unlikely that the Fund will receive any interest payments on the distressed debt securities, the Fund will be subject to significant uncertainty as to whether the exchange offer or plan will be completed and the Fund may be required to bear extraordinary expenses to protect or recover its investment. Even if an exchange offer is made or a plan of

 

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reorganization is adopted with respect to the distressed debt securities held by the Fund, there can be no assurance that the securities or other assets received by the Fund in connection with such exchange offer or plan of reorganization will not have a lower value or income potential than may have been anticipated when the investment was made. Moreover, any securities received by the Fund upon completion of an exchange offer or plan of reorganization may be restricted as to resale. As a result of the Fund’s participation in negotiations with respect to any exchange offer or plan of reorganization with respect to an issuer of distressed debt securities, the Fund may be restricted from disposing of such securities.

Duration

For the simplest fixed income securities, “duration” indicates the average time at which the security’s cash flows are to be received. For simple fixed income securities with interest payments occurring prior to the payment of principal, duration is always less than maturity. For example, a current coupon “bullet” bond with a maturity of 3.5 years (i.e., a bond that pays interest at regular intervals and that will have a single principal payment of the entire principal amount in 3.5 years) might have a duration of approximately three years. In general, the lower the stated or coupon rate of interest of a fixed income security, the closer its duration will be to its final maturity; conversely, the higher the stated or coupon rate of interest of a fixed income security, the shorter its duration will be compared to its final maturity.

Determining duration becomes more complex when fixed income security features like floating or adjustable coupon payments, optionality (for example, the right of the issuer to prepay or call the security), and structuring (for example, the right of the holders of certain securities to receive priority as to the issuer’s cash flows) are considered. The calculation of “effective duration” attempts to take into account optionality and other complex features. Generally, the longer the effective duration of a security, the greater will be the expected change in the percentage price of the security with respect to a change in the security’s own yield. By way of illustration, a security with an effective duration of 3.5 years might normally be expected to go down in price by 35 bps if its yield goes up by 10 bps, while another security with an effective duration of 4.0 years might normally be expected to go down in price by 40 bps if its yield goes up by 10 bps. The assumptions that are made about a security’s features and options when calculating effective duration may prove to be incorrect. For example, many mortgage pass-through securities may have stated final maturities of 30 years, but current prepayment rates, which can vary widely under different economic conditions, may have a large influence on the pass-through security’s response to changes in yield. In these situations, the Fund’s portfolio manager may consider other analytical techniques that seek to incorporate the security’s additional features into the determination of its response to changes in its yield.

A security may change in price for a variety of reasons. For example, floating rate securities may have final maturities of ten or more years, but their effective durations will tend to be very short. If there is an adverse credit event, or a perceived change in the issuer’s creditworthiness, these securities could experience a far greater negative price movement than would be predicted by the change in the security’s yield in relation to its effective duration. As a result, investors should be aware that effective duration is not an exact measurement and may not reliably predict a security’s price sensitivity to changes in yield or interest rates.

Equity Securities

Equity securities include exchange-traded and over-the-counter common and preferred stocks, warrants and rights, and securities convertible into Common Shares. Equity securities fluctuate in price based on changes in a company’s financial condition and overall market and economic conditions. The value of a particular security may decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries, such as an increase in production costs, competitive conditions or labor shortages; or due to general market conditions, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates or generally adverse investor sentiment. The value of an equity security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently from the value of the market as a whole. The value of a company’s equity securities may deteriorate because of a variety of factors, including disappointing earnings reports by the issuer, unsuccessful products or services, loss of major customers, major litigation against the issuer or changes in government regulations affecting the issuer or the competitive environment.

Exchange-Traded Funds (“ETFs”)

 

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ETFs are ownership interests in investment companies, unit investment trusts, depositary receipts and other pooled investment vehicles that are traded on an exchange and that hold a portfolio of securities or other financial instruments (the “Underlying Assets”). The Underlying Assets are typically selected to correspond to the securities that comprise a particular broad based sector or international index, or to provide exposure to a particular industry sector or asset class, including precious metals or other commodities. “Short ETFs” seek a return similar to the inverse, or a multiple of the inverse, of a reference index. Short ETFs carry additional risks because their Underlying Assets may include a variety of financial instruments, including futures and options on futures, options on securities and securities indices, swap agreements and forward contracts, and a short ETF may engage in short sales. An ETF’s losses on short sales are potentially unlimited; however, the Fund’s risk would be limited to the amount it invested in the ETF. Certain ETFs are actively managed by a portfolio manager or management team that makes investment decisions on Underlying Assets without seeking to replicate the performance of a reference index or industry sector or asset class.

Unlike shares of typical open-end management investment companies or unit investment trusts, shares of ETFs are designed to be traded throughout the trading day and bought and sold based on market price rather than net asset value. Shares can trade at either a premium or discount to net asset value. The portfolios held by ETFs are typically publicly disclosed on each trading day and an approximation of actual net asset value is disseminated throughout the trading day. Because of this transparency, the trading prices of ETFs tend to closely track the actual net asset value of the Underlying Assets and the ETF will generally gain or lose value depending on the performance of the Underlying Assets. In the future, as new products become available, the Fund may invest in ETFs that do not have this same level of transparency and, therefore, may be more likely to trade at a larger discount or premium to actual net asset values.

Gains or losses on the Fund’s investment in ETFs will ultimately depend on the purchase and sale price of the ETF. An active trading market for an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained and trading of an ETF’s shares may be halted if the listing exchange’s officials deem such action appropriate, the shares are delisted from the exchange or the activation of market-wide “circuit breakers” (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally. The performance of an ETF will be reduced by transaction and other expenses, including fees paid by the ETF to service providers. Investors in ETFs are eligible to receive their portion of income, if any, accumulated on the securities held in the portfolio, less fees and expenses of the ETF.

An investment in an ETF involves risks similar to investing directly in the Underlying Assets, including the risk that the value of the Underlying Assets may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of their issuers, the value of securities and other financial instruments generally, and other market factors.

If an ETF is a registered investment company (as defined in the 1940 Act), the limitations applicable to the Fund’s ability to purchase securities issued by other investment companies apply absent exemptive relief. The SEC has granted orders for exemptive relief to certain ETFs that permit investments in those ETFs by other investment companies (such as the Fund) in excess of these limits. Under the orders, other investment companies generally may acquire up to 25% of the assets of an ETF. Some ETFs are not structured as investment companies and thus are not regulated under the 1940 Act.

Foreign Securities

The risks of investing in securities of non-U.S. issuers or issuers with significant exposure to non-U.S. markets may be related, among other things, to (i) differences in size, liquidity and volatility of, and the degree and manner of regulation of, the securities markets of certain non-U.S. markets compared to the securities markets in the U.S.; (ii) economic, political and social factors; and (iii) foreign exchange matters, such as restrictions on the repatriation of capital, fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the currencies in which the Fund’s portfolio securities are quoted or denominated, exchange control regulations and costs associated with currency exchange. The political and economic structures in certain foreign countries, particularly emerging markets, are expected to undergo significant evolution and rapid development, and such countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries.

Unanticipated political or social developments may affect the values of the Fund’s investments in such countries. The economies and securities and currency markets of many emerging markets have experienced significant disruption and declines. There can be no assurances that these economic and market disruptions will not continue.

Legal remedies available to investors in certain foreign countries may be less extensive than those available to investors in the U.S. or other foreign countries. Accounting standards in other countries are also not necessarily the

 

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same as in the United States. If the accounting standards in another country do not require as much detail as U.S. accounting standards, it may be harder for the portfolio manager to completely and accurately determine a company’s financial condition. In addition, the U.S. Government has from time to time in the past imposed restrictions, through penalties and otherwise, on foreign investments by U.S. investors such as the Fund. Also, brokerage commissions and other costs of buying or selling securities often are higher in foreign countries than they are in the U.S. This reduces the amount the Fund can earn on its investments.

The Fund generally holds its foreign securities and cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on the Fund’s ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank or depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt. In addition, it is often more expensive for the Fund to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the U.S. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount the Fund can earn on its investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund as compared to investment companies that invest only in the United States.

Securities of some foreign companies have lower liquidity, and their prices are more volatile, than securities of comparable domestic companies. Certain foreign countries are known to experience long delays between the trade and settlement dates of securities purchased or sold resulting in increased exposure of the Fund to market and foreign exchange fluctuations brought about by such delays, and to the corresponding negative impact on Fund liquidity.

Foreign Currency Risks

The U.S. dollar value of investments denominated in a foreign currency will vary with changes in currency exchange rates, which can be volatile. Accordingly, changes in the value of the currency in which the Fund’s investments are denominated relative to the U.S. dollar will affect the Fund’s net asset value. Exchange rates are generally affected by the forces of supply and demand in the international currency markets, the relative merits of investing in different countries and the intervention or failure to intervene of U.S. or foreign governments and central banks. However, currency exchange rates may fluctuate based on factors intrinsic to a country’s economy. Some emerging market countries also may have managed currencies, which are not free floating against the U.S. dollar. In addition, emerging markets are subject to the risk of restrictions upon the free conversion of their currencies into other currencies. Any devaluations relative to the U.S. dollar in the currencies in which the Fund’s securities are quoted may reduce the Fund’s net asset value per share.

Investments in Emerging Markets

Investors are strongly advised to consider carefully the special risks involved in emerging markets, which are in addition to the usual risks of investing in developed foreign markets around the world.

The risks of investing in securities in emerging countries include: (i) less social, political and economic stability; (ii) the smaller size of the markets for such securities and lower volume of trading, which result in a lack of liquidity and in greater price volatility; (iii) certain national policies that may restrict the Fund’s investment opportunities, including restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; (iv) foreign taxation; (v) the absence of developed structures governing private or foreign investment or allowing for judicial redress for injury to private property; and (vi) military unrest, war and terrorism.

Investors should note that upon the accession to power of authoritarian regimes, the governments of a number of emerging market countries previously expropriated large quantities of real and personal property similar to the property which may be represented by the securities purchased by the Fund. The claims of property owners against those governments were never finally settled. There can be no assurance that any property represented by securities purchased by the Fund will not also be expropriated, nationalized, or otherwise confiscated at some time in the future. If such confiscation were to occur, the Fund could lose a substantial portion or all of its investments in such countries. The Fund’s investments would similarly be adversely affected by exchange control regulation in any of those countries.

Certain countries in which the Fund may invest may have vocal minorities that advocate radical religious or revolutionary philosophies or support ethnic independence. Any disturbance on the part of such individuals could

 

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carry the potential for widespread destruction or confiscation of property owned by individuals and entities foreign to such country and could cause the loss of the Fund’s investment in those countries.

Settlement mechanisms in emerging market securities may be less efficient and reliable than in more developed markets. In such emerging securities markets there may be delays and failures in share registration and delivery. In certain markets there have been times when settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. The inability of the Fund to make intended securities purchases due to settlement problems could cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities. Inability to dispose of a portfolio security caused by settlement problems could result either in losses to the Fund due to subsequent declines in the value of the portfolio security or, if the Fund has entered into a contract to sell the security, in possible liability to the purchaser. There may also be a danger that, because of uncertainties in the operation of settlement systems in individual markets, competing claims may arise in respect of securities held by or to be transferred to the Fund. Furthermore, compensation schemes may be non-existent, limited or inadequate to meet the Fund’s claims in any of these events.

Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had, and may continue to have, very negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain emerging markets. While some emerging market countries have sought to develop a number of corrective mechanisms to reduce inflation or mitigate its effects, inflation may continue to have significant effects both on emerging market economies and their securities markets. In addition, many of the currencies of emerging market countries have experienced steady devaluations relative to the U.S. dollar and major devaluations have occurred in certain countries. Economies in emerging markets generally are heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be affected adversely by economic conditions, trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade.

Because of the high levels of foreign-denominated debt owed by many emerging market countries, fluctuating exchange rates can significantly affect the debt service obligations of those countries. This could, in turn, affect local interest rates, profit margins and exports, which are a major source of foreign exchange earnings.

To the extent an emerging market country faces a liquidity crisis with respect to its foreign exchange reserves, it may increase restrictions on the outflow of any foreign exchange. Repatriation is ultimately dependent on the ability of the Fund to liquidate its investments and convert the local currency proceeds obtained from such liquidation into U.S. dollars. Where this conversion must be done through official channels (usually the central bank or certain authorized commercial banks), the ability to obtain U.S. dollars is dependent on the availability of such U.S. dollars through those channels and, if available, upon the willingness of those channels to allocate those U.S. dollars to the Fund. The Fund’s ability to obtain U.S. dollars may be adversely affected by any increased restrictions imposed on the outflow of foreign exchange. If the Fund is unable to repatriate any amounts due to exchange controls, it may be required to accept an obligation payable at some future date by the central bank or other governmental entity of the jurisdiction involved. If such conversion can legally be done outside official channels, either directly or indirectly, the Fund’s ability to obtain U.S. dollars may not be affected as much by any increased restrictions except to the extent of the price which may be required to be paid in U.S. dollars. Furthermore, repatriation of investment income, capital and the proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental registration and/or approval in some countries.

Many emerging market countries have little experience with the corporate form of business organization and may not have well-developed corporation and business laws or concepts of fiduciary duty in the business context. The Fund may encounter substantial difficulties in obtaining and enforcing judgments against individuals and companies located in certain emerging market countries. It may be difficult or impossible to obtain or enforce legislation or remedies against governments, their agencies and sponsored entities.

Disclosure and regulatory standards in emerging markets in many respects are less stringent than in the United States and other major markets. There also may be a lower level of monitoring and regulation of emerging markets and the activities of investors in such markets; enforcement of existing regulations has been extremely limited.

Trading in the securities of emerging markets presents additional credit and financial risks. The Fund may have limited access to, or there may be a limited number of, potential counterparties that trade in the securities of emerging market issuers. Governmental regulations may restrict potential counterparties to certain financial institutions located or operating in the particular emerging market. Potential counterparties may not possess, adopt or implement creditworthiness standards, financial reporting standards or legal and contractual protections similar to

 

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those in developed markets. Currency hedging techniques may not be available or may be limited. The Fund may not be able to reduce or mitigate risks related to trading with emerging market counterparties.

The risk also exists that an emergency situation may arise in one or more emerging markets as a result of which trading of securities may cease or may be substantially curtailed and prices for the Fund’s portfolio securities in such markets may not be readily available. Although it might be theoretically possible to hedge for anticipated income and gains, the ongoing and indeterminate nature of the risks associated with emerging market investing (and the costs associated with hedging transactions) makes it very difficult to hedge effectively against such risks.

Investment in Chinese debt instruments through Bond Connect. Chinese debt instruments trade on the China Interbank Bond Market (“CIBM”) and may be purchased through a market access program that is designed to, among other things, enable foreign investment in the People’s Republic of China (“Bond Connect”). There are distinct operational and regulatory risks inherent in investing in debt instruments traded on the CIBM in addition to the risks typically associated with investments in emerging market countries. The prices of debt instruments traded on the CIBM may fluctuate significantly due to low trading volume and potential lack of liquidity. The rules to access debt instruments that trade on the CIBM through Bond Connect are relatively new and subject to change, which may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to invest in these instruments and to enforce its rights as a beneficial owner of these instruments. Trading through Bond Connect is subject to a number of restrictions that may affect the Fund’s investments and returns. In addition, securities offered through Bond Connect may lose their eligibility for trading through the program at any time, in which case they may be sold but can no longer be purchased through Bond Connect. There can be no assurance as to the program’s continued existence or whether future developments regarding the program may restrict or adversely affect the Fund’s investments or returns.

Investments made through Bond Connect are subject to order, clearance and settlement procedures that are relatively untested in China, which could pose risks to the Fund. CIBM does not support all trading strategies (such as short selling) and investments in Chinese debt instruments that trade on the CIBM are subject to the risks of suspension of trading without cause or notice, trade failure or trade rejection and default of securities depositories and counterparties. Furthermore, Chinese debt instruments purchased via Bond Connect will be held via a book entry omnibus account in the name of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority Central Money Markets Unit (“CMU”) maintained with a China-based depository (either the China Central Depository & Clearing Co. (“CDCC”) or the Shanghai Clearing House (“SCH”)). The Fund’s ownership interest in these Chinese debt instruments will not be reflected directly in book entry with CDCC or SCH and will instead only be reflected on the books of the Fund’s Hong Kong sub-custodian. Therefore, the Fund’s ability to enforce its rights as a bondholder may depend on CMU’s ability or willingness as record-holder of the bonds to enforce the Fund’s rights as a bondholder. Additionally, the omnibus manner in which Chinese debt instruments are held could expose the Fund to the credit risk of the relevant securities depositories and the Fund’s Hong Kong sub-custodian. While the Fund holds a beneficial interest in the instruments it acquires through Bond Connect, the mechanisms that beneficial owners may use to enforce their rights are untested. In addition, courts in China have limited experience in applying the concept of beneficial ownership. Moreover, Chinese debt instruments acquired through Bond Connect generally may not be sold, purchased or otherwise transferred other than through Bond Connect in accordance with applicable rules.

The Fund’s investments in Chinese debt instruments acquired through Bond Connect are generally subject to a number of regulations and restrictions, including Chinese securities regulations and listing rules, loss recovery limitations and disclosure of interest reporting obligations. The Fund will not benefit from access to Hong Kong investor compensation funds, which are set up to protect against defaults of trades, when investing through Bond Connect. Bond Connect can only operate when both China and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. In addition, the trading, settlement and IT systems required for non-Chinese investors in Bond Connect are relatively new. In the event of systems malfunctions or extreme market conditions, trading via Bond Connect could be disrupted. The rules applicable to taxation of Chinese debt instruments acquired through Bond Connect remain subject to further clarification. Uncertainties in the Chinese tax rules governing taxation of income and gains from investments via Bond Connect could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the Fund, which may negatively affect investment returns for shareholders.

Bond Connect trades are settled in Renminbi (“RMB”), and investors must have timely access to a reliable supply of RMB in Hong Kong, which cannot be guaranteed.

Eurodollar or Yankee Obligations

 

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Eurodollar bank obligations are U.S. dollar denominated debt obligations issued outside the U.S. capital markets by non-U.S. branches of U.S. banks and by non-U.S. banks. Yankee obligations are U.S. dollar denominated obligations issued in the U.S. capital markets by non-U.S. issuers. Eurodollar (and to a limited extent, Yankee) obligations are subject to certain sovereign risks. One such risk is the possibility that a non-U.S. government might prevent U.S. dollar denominated funds from flowing across its borders. Other risks include: adverse political and economic developments in a non-U.S. country; the extent and quality of government regulation of financial markets and institutions; the imposition of non-U.S. withholding taxes; and expropriation or nationalization of non-U.S. issuers.

Sovereign Government and Supranational Debt Obligations

The Fund may invest in all types of debt securities of governmental issuers in all countries, including emerging markets. These sovereign debt securities may include: debt securities issued or guaranteed by governments, governmental agencies or instrumentalities and political subdivisions located in emerging market countries; debt securities issued by government owned, controlled or sponsored entities located in emerging market countries; interests issued for the purpose of restructuring the investment characteristics of instruments issued by any of the above issuers; Brady Bonds, which are debt securities issued under the framework of the Brady Plan as a means for debtor nations to restructure their outstanding external indebtedness; participations in loans between emerging market governments and financial institutions; or debt securities issued by supranational entities such as the World Bank. A supranational entity is a bank, commission or company established or financially supported by the national governments of one or more countries to promote reconstruction or development. Included among these entities are the Asian Development Bank, the European Union, the European Investment Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the United Nations, the World Bank and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Supranational organizations have no taxing authority and are dependent on their members for payments of interest and principal. There is no guarantee that one or more members of a supranational organization will continue to make capital contributions. If such contributions are not made, the organization may be unable to pay interest or repay principal on its debt securities, and the Fund may lose money on such investments. Further, the lending activities of such entities are limited to a percentage of their total capital, reserves and net income.

Sovereign debt is subject to risks in addition to those relating to non-U.S. investments generally. As a sovereign entity, the issuing government may be immune from lawsuits in the event of its failure or refusal to pay the obligations when due. The debtor’s willingness or ability to repay in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign currency reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign currency exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the sovereign debtor’s policy toward principal international lenders and the political constraints to which the sovereign debtor may be subject. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on disbursements or assistance from foreign governments or multinational agencies, the country’s access to trade and other international credits, and the country’s balance of trade. Assistance may be dependent on a country’s implementation of austerity measures and reforms, economic performance and/or the timely service of such debtor’s obligations. Failure to implement such reforms, achieve such levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of such third parties’ commitments to lend funds to the governmental entity, which may further impair such debtor’s ability or willingness to service its debts in a timely manner. Some sovereign debtors have rescheduled their debt payments, declared moratoria on payments or restructured their debt to effectively eliminate portions of it, and similar occurrences may happen in the future. There is no bankruptcy proceeding by which sovereign debt on which governmental entities have defaulted may be collected in whole or in part.

Depository Receipts

Depositary receipts demonstrate ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign security. Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored and include American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) and non-voting depositary receipts (“NVDRs”). ADRs in registered form are typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company, traded in U.S. dollars, and are designed for use in the domestic market. GDRs, EDRs, NVDRs and other similar instruments may be issued by a U.S. or non-U.S. entity and may be traded in other currencies. GDRs are

 

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tradable both in the United States and Europe and are designed for use throughout the world. EDRs are issued in bearer form and are designed for use in European securities markets.

Depositary receipts in general are subject to many of the risks associated with foreign investing (e.g., increased market, illiquidity, currency, political, information and other risks), and even where traded in U.S. dollars are subject to currency risk if the underlying security is traded in a foreign currency. Unsponsored depositary receipts are issued without the participation of the issuer of the underlying foreign security and there may be less information available about such issuers than there is with respect to domestic companies and issuers of securities underlying sponsored depositary receipts. Even if there is information available, there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the depositary receipts.

High Yield (“Junk”) Bonds

High yield securities are medium or lower rated securities and unrated securities of comparable quality, sometimes referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds. Generally, such securities offer a higher current yield than is offered by higher rated securities, but also are predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the securities. The market values of certain of these securities also tend to be more sensitive to individual corporate developments and changes in economic conditions than higher quality bonds. In addition, medium and lower rated securities and comparable unrated securities generally present a higher degree of credit risk. The risk of loss because of default by issuers of these securities is significantly greater because medium and lower rated securities generally are unsecured and frequently subordinated to senior indebtedness. In addition, the market value of securities in lower rated categories is generally more volatile than that of higher quality securities, and the markets in which medium and lower rated securities are traded are more limited than those in which higher rated securities are traded. The existence of limited markets may make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing its securities and calculating its net asset value. Moreover, the lack of a liquid trading market may restrict the availability of securities for the Fund to purchase and may also limit the ability of the Fund to sell securities at their fair value to respond to changes in the economy or the financial markets.

Lower rated debt obligations often have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from the Fund before it matures. If an issuer exercises that right, the Fund may have to replace the security with a lower yielding security, resulting in a decreased return for investors. If the Fund has to reduce its structural leverage, it may be forced to sell its higher rated bonds, resulting in a decline in the overall credit quality of the securities held by the Fund and increasing the exposure of the Fund to the risks of lower rated securities. Investments in lower rated zero coupon bonds may be more speculative and subject to greater fluctuations in value because of changes in interest rates than lower rated bonds that pay interest currently.

Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, an issue of securities may cease to be rated or its rating may be reduced below the minimum required for purchase by the Fund (if applicable). Neither event will require sale of these securities by the Fund, but the portfolio manager will consider the event in determining whether the Fund should continue to hold the security.

Illiquid Investments and Restricted Securities

An illiquid security is any security which the Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the security. Illiquid securities may be difficult to value, and the Fund may have difficulty disposing of such securities promptly. The Fund does not consider non-U.S. securities to be restricted if they can be freely sold in the principal markets in which they are traded, even if they are not registered for sale in the United States.

Restricted securities are securities subject to legal or contractual restrictions on their resale, such as private placements. Such restrictions might prevent the sale of restricted securities at a time when the sale would otherwise be desirable. Under SEC regulations, certain restricted securities acquired through private placements can be traded freely among qualified purchasers. While restricted securities are generally presumed to be illiquid, it may be determined that a particular restricted security is liquid. Investing in these restricted securities could have the effect of increasing the Fund’s illiquidity if qualified purchasers become, for a time, uninterested in buying these securities.

 

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Restricted securities may be sold only (1) pursuant to SEC Rule 144A or another exemption, (2) in privately negotiated transactions or (3) in public offerings with respect to which a registration statement is in effect under the 1933 Act. Rule 144A securities, although not registered in the U.S., may be sold to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the 1933 Act. As noted above, the Fund may determine that some Rule 144A securities are liquid. Where registration is required, the Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and a considerable period may elapse between the time of the decision to sell and the time the Fund may be permitted to sell a restricted security under an effective registration statement. If, during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price than prevailed when it decided to sell.

Investments in Other Investment Companies

Subject to applicable statutory and regulatory limitations described below, the Fund may invest in shares of other investment companies, including shares of open-end and closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the Fund, business development companies, exchange-traded funds and unregistered investment companies.

An investment in an investment company is subject to the risks associated with that investment company’s portfolio securities. Investments in closed-end funds may entail the additional risk that the market value of such investments may be substantially less than their net asset value. To the extent the Fund invests in shares of another investment company, the Fund will indirectly bear a proportionate share of that investment company’s advisory fees and other operating expenses. These fees are in addition to the advisory fees and other operational expenses incurred directly by the Fund. In addition, the Fund could incur a sales charge in connection with purchasing an investment company security or a redemption fee upon the redemption of such security.

Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act provides that a fund may not purchase or otherwise acquire the securities of other “registered investment companies” (as defined in the 1940 Act) if, as a result of such purchase or acquisition, it would own: (i) more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of the acquired investment company; (ii) securities issued by any one investment company having a value in excess of 5% of the fund’s total assets; or (iii) securities issued by all investment companies having an aggregate value in excess of 10% of the fund’s total assets. Certain exceptions may be available from these limits such as when the Fund invests in certain exchange-traded funds or money-market funds or in investment companies that are part of the same group of investment companies as the Fund.

On October 7, 2020, the SEC adopted new Rule 12d1-4 that will permit investment companies, including the Fund, to invest in other investment companies beyond the statutory limits set forth in Section 12(d)(1) without obtaining an exemptive order, provided certain conditions are met.

Investments in Affiliated Money Market Funds

The Fund may invest, to the extent permitted by applicable law, all or some of its short-term cash investments in a money market fund or similarly-managed pool advised by the Manager, Sub-Adviser or an affiliate of the Manager that may or may not be required to register with the SEC as an investment company. In connection with any such investments, the Fund, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, may pay its share of expenses of the fund in which it invests, which may result additional expenses for the Fund.

London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) Replacement and Other Reference Rates Risk

Many debt securities, derivatives, and other financial instruments, including some of the Fund’s investments, utilize benchmark or reference rates such as LIBOR, European Interbank Offer Rate (“EURIBOR”), Sterling Overnight Interbank Average Rate (“SONIA”), and other similar types of reference rates for variable interest rate calculations. Instruments in which the Fund invests may pay interest at floating rates based on LIBOR or other similar types of reference rates or may be subject to interest caps or floors based on such reference rates. The Fund and issuers of instruments in which the Fund invests may also obtain financing at floating rates based on such reference rates. The elimination of a reference rate or any other changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of reference rates could have an adverse impact on the market for—or value of—any securities or payments linked to those reference rates.

 

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The use of LIBOR came under pressure following manipulation allegations in 2012. Despite increased regulation and other corrective actions since that time, concerns have arisen regarding its viability as a benchmark due largely to reduced activity in the financial markets that it measures. In 2017, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”) announced that it will no longer encourage nor require banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021. Subsequently, the FCA and the administrator of LIBOR announced a delay in the phase out of a majority of the U.S. dollar LIBOR publications (overnight and one, three, six and 12 months) until June 30, 2023, with the remainder of LIBOR publications to be phased out on schedule at the end of 2021. It is unclear whether LIBOR will continue to exist in its current or a modified form. Actions by regulators have resulted in the establishment of alternative reference rates to LIBOR in most major currencies. Based on the recommendations of the New York Federal Reserve’s Alternative Reference Rate Committee (comprised of major derivative market participants and their regulators), the U.S. Federal Reserve began publishing a Secured Overnight Funding Rate (“SOFR”) that is intended to replace U.S. Dollar LIBOR. Proposals for alternative reference rates for other currencies have also been announced or have already begun publication, such as SONIA in the United Kingdom.

Markets are slowly developing in response to these new rates, and transition planning is at a relatively early stage. Neither the effect of the transition process nor its ultimate success is known. The transition process may lead to increased volatility and illiquidity in markets that currently rely on LIBOR to determine interest rates. The effect of any changes to—or discontinuation of—LIBOR on the Fund will vary depending on, among other things, provisions in individual contracts and whether, how, and when industry participants develop and adopt new reference rates and alternative reference rates for both legacy and new products and instruments. Because the usefulness of LIBOR as a benchmark may deteriorate during the transition period, these effects could materialize prior to the end of 2021.

Loans

Loans are negotiated and underwritten by a bank or syndicate of banks and other institutional investors. The Fund may acquire an interest in loans through the primary market by acting as one of a group of lenders of a loan. The primary risk in an investment in loans is that the borrower may be unable to meet its interest and/or principal payment obligations. The occurrence of such a default with regard to a loan in which the Fund had invested would have an adverse effect on the Fund’s net asset value. In addition, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may cause a decline in the value of these investments and in the Fund’s net asset value. Other factors, such as rating downgrades, credit deterioration, or large downward movement in stock prices, a disparity in supply and demand of certain securities or market conditions that reduce liquidity could reduce the value of loans, impairing the Fund’s net asset value. Loans may not be considered “securities” for certain purposes and purchasers, such as the Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws.

Loans in which the Fund may invest may be collateralized or uncollateralized and senior or subordinate. Investments in uncollateralized and/or subordinate loans entail a greater risk of nonpayment than do investments in loans which hold a more senior position in the borrower’s capital structure or that are secured with collateral. In the case of collateralized senior loans, however, there is no assurance that sale of the collateral would raise enough cash to satisfy the borrower’s payment obligation or that the collateral can or will be liquidated. As a result, the Fund might not receive payments to which it is entitled and thereby may experience a decline in the value of its investment and its net asset value. In the event of bankruptcy, liquidation may not occur and the court may not give lenders the full benefit of their senior positions. If the terms of a senior loan do not require the borrower to pledge additional collateral, the Fund will be exposed to the risk that the value of the collateral will not at all times equal or exceed the amount of the borrower’s obligations under the senior loans. To the extent that a senior loan is collateralized by stock in the borrower or its subsidiaries, such stock may lose all of its value in the event of bankruptcy of the borrower.

The Fund may also acquire an interest in loans by purchasing participations (“Participations”) in and/or assignments (“Assignments”) of portions of loans from third parties. By purchasing a Participation, the Fund acquires some or all of the interest of a bank or other lending institution in a loan to a borrower. Participations typically will result in the Fund’s having a contractual relationship only with the lender and not the borrower. The Fund will have the right to receive payments or principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the lender selling the Participation and only upon receipt by the lender of the payments from the borrower. In connection with purchasing Participations, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement relating to the loan, nor any rights of set-off against the borrower, and the Fund may not directly

 

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benefit from any collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the Participation. As a result, the Fund will assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the lender that is selling the Participation.

When the Fund purchases Assignments from lenders, the Fund will acquire direct rights against the borrower on the loan. However, since Assignments are arranged through private negotiations between potential assignees and assignors, the rights and obligations acquired by the Fund as the purchaser of an Assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the lender from which the Fund is purchasing the Assignments. Certain of the Participations or Assignments acquired by the Fund may involve unfunded commitments of the lenders or revolving credit facilities under which a borrower may from time to time borrow and repay amounts up to the maximum amount of the facility. In such cases, the Fund would have an obligation to advance its portion of such additional borrowings upon the terms specified in the loan documentation.

The Fund may acquire loans of borrowers that are experiencing, or are more likely to experience, financial difficulty, including loans of borrowers that have filed for bankruptcy protection. Although loans in which the Fund will invest generally will be secured by specific collateral, there can be no assurance that liquidation of such collateral would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of nonpayment of scheduled interest or principal, or that such collateral could be readily liquidated. In the event of bankruptcy of a borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral securing a senior loan.

In addition, the Fund may have difficulty disposing of its investments in loans. The liquidity of such securities is limited and the Fund anticipates that such securities could be sold only to a limited number of institutional investors. The lack of a liquid secondary market could have an adverse impact on the value of such securities and on the Fund’s ability to dispose of particular loans or Assignments or Participations when necessary to meet the Fund’s liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event, such as a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower. The lack of a liquid secondary market for loans may also make it more difficult for the Fund to assign a value to those securities for purposes of valuing the Fund’s investments and calculating its net asset value.

The issuer of a loan may offer to provide material, non-public information about the issuer to investors, such as the Fund. The Fund’s portfolio manager may avoid receiving this type of information about the issuer of a loan either held by or considered for investment by the Fund, because of prohibitions on trading in securities of issuers while in possession of such information. The decision not to receive material, non-public information may place the Fund at a disadvantage, relative to other loan investors, in assessing a loan or the loan’s issuer.

Mortgage-Backed and Other Asset-Backed Securities

An asset-backed security is a fixed income security that derives its value primarily from cash flows relating to a pool of assets. There are a number of different types of asset-backed and related securities, including mortgage-backed securities, securities backed by other pools of collateral (such as automobile loans, student loans, sub-prime mortgages, and credit card receivables), collateralized mortgage obligations, and collateralized debt obligations.

Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities differ from conventional bonds in that principal is paid over the life of the securities rather than at maturity. As a result, payments of principal of and interest on mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities are made more frequently than are payments on conventional debt securities. The average life of asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities is likely to be substantially less than the original maturity of the underlying asset pools as a result of prepayments or foreclosures of mortgages, as applicable. In addition, holders of mortgage-backed securities and of certain asset-backed securities (such as asset-backed securities backed by home equity loans) may receive unscheduled payments of principal at any time representing prepayments on the underlying mortgage loans or financial assets. When the holder of the security attempts to reinvest prepayments or even the scheduled payments of principal and interest, it may receive a rate of interest that is higher or lower than the rate on the mortgage-backed security or asset-backed security originally held. To the extent that mortgage-backed securities or asset-backed securities are purchased by the Fund at a premium, mortgage foreclosures and principal prepayments may result in a loss to the extent of the premium paid. To the extent the loans underlying a security representing an interest in a pool of mortgages or other assets are prepaid, the Fund may experience a loss (if the price at which the respective security was acquired by the Fund was at a premium over par, which represents the price at which the security will be redeemed upon prepayment) or a gain (if the price at which the respective security was acquired by the Fund was at a discount from par). In addition, prepayments of such securities held by the Fund will reduce the share price of the Fund to the extent the market value of the securities at the time of prepayment exceeds their par value, and will increase the share price of the Fund to the extent the par

 

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value of the securities exceeds their market value at the time of prepayment. Prepayments may occur with greater frequency in periods of declining interest rates because, among other reasons, it may be possible for borrowers to refinance their outstanding obligation at lower interest rates. When market interest rates increase, the market values of asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities decline. At the same time, however, refinancing slows, which lengthens the effective maturities of these securities. As a result, the negative effect of the rate increase on the market value of asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities is usually more pronounced than it is for other types of fixed income securities.

Changes in the market’s perception of the mortgages or assets backing the security, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the loan pool, the originator of the loans, or the financial institution providing any credit enhancement, will all affect the value of an asset-backed or mortgage-backed security, as will the exhaustion of any credit enhancement.

The risks of investing in asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities ultimately depend upon the payment of the underlying loans by the individual borrowers. In its capacity as purchaser of an asset-backed security or mortgage-backed security, the Fund would generally have no recourse to the entity that originated the loans in the event of default by the borrower. The risk of non-payment is greater for asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities that are backed by pools that contain subprime loans, but a level of risk exists for all loans. Market factors adversely affecting loan repayments may include a general economic turndown and high unemployment. Mortgage-backed securities may be adversely affected by a general slowdown in the real estate market, a drop in the market prices of real estate, or an increase in interest rates resulting in higher mortgage payments by holders of adjustable rate mortgages.

Additional information regarding different types of asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities is provided below. Governmental, government-related or private entities may create pools of loan assets offering pass-through investments in addition to those described below. As new types of asset-backed or mortgage-backed securities are developed and offered to investors, the portfolio manager may, consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies, consider making investments in such new types of securities.

Mortgage-Backed Securities. Mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) represent interests in pools of mortgage loans made by lenders such as savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, commercial banks and others, to finance purchases of homes, commercial buildings or other real estate. The individual mortgage loans are assembled for sale to investors (such as the Fund) by various governmental or government-related agencies and private organizations, such as dealers.

Government-sponsored MBS. Some government sponsored mortgage-related securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. The Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), the principal guarantor of such securities, is a wholly owned United States government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Other government-sponsored mortgage-related securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government. Issuers of such securities include Fannie Mae (formally known as the Federal National Mortgage Association) and Freddie Mac (formally known as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation). Fannie Mae is a government-sponsored corporation which is subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. Pass-through securities issued by Fannie Mae are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by Fannie Mae. Freddie Mac is a stockholder-owned corporation chartered by Congress and subject to general regulation by the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Participation certificates representing interests in mortgages from Freddie Mac’s national portfolio are guaranteed as to the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal by Freddie Mac. The U.S. government has provided financial support to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in the past, but there can be no assurances that it will support these or other government-sponsored entities in the future.

Under the Federal Housing Finance Agency’s “Single Security Initiative,” Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have entered into a joint initiative to operate a common securitization platform for the issuance of Uniform Mortgage-Backed Securities (“UMBS”), which generally aligns the characteristics of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac participation certificates. In June 2019 Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac began issuing UMBS in place of their “to be announced”- eligible mortgage-backed securities. The effect of the issuance of UMBS on the market for mortgage-backed securities is uncertain.

Privately Issued MBS. Unlike MBS issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or certain government-sponsored entities, MBS issued by private issuers do not have a government or government-sponsored entity guarantee, but

 

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may have credit enhancement provided by external entities such as banks or financial institutions or achieved through the structuring of the transaction itself.

In addition, MBS that are issued by private issuers are not subject to the underwriting requirements for the underlying mortgages that are applicable to those MBS that have a government or government-sponsored entity guarantee. As a result, the mortgage loans underlying private MBS may, and frequently do, have less favorable collateral, credit risk or other underwriting characteristics than government or government-sponsored MBS and have wider variances in a number of terms including interest rate, term, size, purpose and borrower characteristics. Privately issued pools more frequently include second mortgages, high loan-to-value mortgages and manufactured housing loans. The coupon rates and maturities of the underlying mortgage loans in a private-label MBS pool may vary to a greater extent than those included in a government guaranteed pool, and the pool may include subprime mortgage loans. Subprime loans refer to loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories or with a lower capacity to make timely payments on their loans. For these reasons, the loans underlying these securities have had in many cases higher default rates than those loans that meet government underwriting requirements.

Privately issued mortgage-backed securities are not traded on an exchange and there may be a limited market for the securities, especially when there is a perceived weakness in the mortgage and real estate market sectors. Without an active trading market, mortgage-backed securities held in the Fund’s portfolio may be particularly difficult to value because of the complexities involved in assessing the value of the underlying mortgage loans.

Adjustable rate mortgage-backed securities. Adjustable rate mortgage-backed securities (“ARMBS”) are pass-through securities collateralized by mortgages with adjustable rather than fixed rates. Adjustable rate mortgages eligible for inclusion in a mortgage pool generally provide for a fixed initial mortgage interest rate for a set number of scheduled monthly payments. After that schedule of payments has been completed, the interest rates of the adjustable rate mortgages are subject to periodic adjustment based on changes to a designated benchmark index.

Mortgages underlying most ARMBS may contain maximum and minimum rates beyond which the mortgage interest rate may not vary over the lifetime of the mortgage. In addition, certain adjustable rate mortgages provide for additional limitations on the maximum amount by which the mortgage interest rate may adjust for any single adjustment period. In the event that market rates of interest rise more rapidly to levels above that of the maximum rate for the adjustable rate mortgages underlying an ARMBS, the ARMBS’ coupon may represent a below market rate of interest. In these circumstances, the market value of the ARMBS will likely have fallen. During periods of declining interest rates, income to the Fund derived from adjustable rate mortgages that remain in the mortgage pool underlying the ARMBS may decrease in contrast to the income on fixed rate mortgages, which will remain constant. Adjustable rate mortgages also have less potential for appreciation in value as interest rates decline than do fixed rate investments. In addition, the current yields on ARMBS may be different than market yields during interim periods between coupon reset dates.

Stripped mortgage-backed securities. Stripped mortgage-backed securities (“SMBS”) are structured with two or more classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have at least one class receiving only a small portion of the principal. In the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (“IO” or interest-only class), while the other class will receive all of the principal (“PO” or principal-only class). The yield to maturity on IOs, POs and other mortgage-backed securities that are purchased at a substantial premium or discount generally are extremely sensitive not only to changes in prevailing interest rates but also to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on such securities’ yield to maturity. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to fully recoup its initial investment in these securities even if the securities have received the highest rating by a NRSRO.

SMBS have greater volatility than other types of securities. Although SMBS are purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers, the market for such securities has not yet been fully developed. Accordingly, the secondary market for SMBS may be more volatile and have lower liquidity than that for other MBS, potentially limiting the Fund’s ability to buy or sell SMBS at any particular time.

Collateralized mortgage obligations. Another type of security representing an interest in a pool of mortgage loans is known as a collateralized mortgage obligation (“CMO”). CMOs represent interests in a short-term, intermediate-term or long-term portion of a mortgage pool. Each portion of the pool receives monthly interest payments, but the principal repayments pass through to the short-term CMO first and to the long-term CMO last. A CMO permits an

 

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investor to more accurately predict the rate of principal repayments. CMOs are issued by private issuers, such as broker-dealers, and by government agencies, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Investments in CMOs are subject to the same risks as direct investments in the underlying mortgage-backed securities. In addition, in the event of a bankruptcy or other default of a broker that issued the CMO held by the Fund, the Fund could experience delays in liquidating both its position and losses. The Fund may invest in CMOs in any rating category of the recognized rating services and may invest in unrated CMOs. The Fund may also invest in “stripped” CMOs, which represent only the income portion or the principal portion of the CMO. The values of stripped CMOs are very sensitive to interest rate changes; accordingly, these instruments present a greater risk of loss than conventional mortgage-backed securities.

Tiered index bonds. Tiered index bonds are relatively new forms of mortgage-related securities. The interest rate on a tiered index bond is tied to a specified index or market rate. So long as this index or market rate is below a predetermined “strike” rate, the interest rate on the tiered index bond remains fixed. If, however, the specified index or market rate rises above the “strike” rate, the interest rate of the tiered index bond will decrease. Thus, under these circumstances, the interest rate on a tiered index bond, like an inverse floater, will move in the opposite direction of prevailing interest rates, with the result that the price of the tiered index bond would decline and may be considerably more volatile than that of a fixed-rate bond.

Other Asset-Backed Securities – Additional Information

Similar to mortgage-backed securities, other types of asset-backed securities may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government (including those whose securities are neither guaranteed nor insured by the U.S. government), foreign governments (or their agencies or instrumentalities), or non-governmental issuers. These securities include securities backed by pools of automobile loans, educational loans, home equity loans, and credit card receivables. The underlying pools of assets are securitized through the use of trusts and special purpose entities. These securities may be subject to the risks described above under “Mortgage-Backed and Other Asset-Backed Securities — General,” including risks associated with changes in interest rates and prepayment of underlying obligations.

Certain types of asset-backed securities present additional risks that are not presented by mortgage-backed securities. In particular, certain types of asset-backed securities may not have the benefit of a security interest in the related assets. For example, many securities backed by credit card receivables are unsecured. Even when security interests are present, the ability of an issuer of certain types of asset-backed securities to enforce those interests may be more limited than that of an issuer of mortgage-backed securities. For instance, automobile receivables generally are secured by automobiles rather than by real property. Most issuers of automobile receivables permit loan servicers to retain possession of the underlying assets. In addition, because of the large number of underlying vehicles involved in a typical issue of asset-backed securities and technical requirements under state law, the trustee for the holders of the automobile receivables may not have a proper security interest in all of the automobiles. Therefore, recoveries on repossessed automobiles may not be available to support payments on these securities.

In addition, certain types of asset-backed securities may experience losses on the underlying assets as a result of certain rights provided to consumer debtors under federal and state law. In the case of certain consumer debt, such as credit card debt, debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which give such debtors the right to set off certain amounts owed on their credit cards (or other debt), thereby reducing their balances due. For instance, a debtor may be able to offset certain damages for which a court has determined that the creditor is liable to the debtor against amounts owed to the creditor by the debtor on his or her credit card.

Additionally, an asset-backed security is subject to risks associated with the servicing agent’s or originator’s performance. For example, a servicing agent or originator’s mishandling of documentation related to the underlying collateral (e.g., failure to properly document a security interest in the underlying collateral) may affect the rights of the security holders in and to the underlying collateral.

Asset-backed commercial paper. The Fund may purchase commercial paper, including asset-backed commercial paper (“ABCP”) that is issued by structured investment vehicles or other conduits. These conduits may be sponsored by mortgage companies, investment banking firms, finance companies, hedge funds, private equity firms and special purpose finance entities. ABCP typically refers to a debt security with an original term to maturity of up to 270 days, the payment of which is supported by cash flows from underlying assets, or one or more liquidity or credit support providers, or both. Assets backing ABCP, which may be included in revolving pools of assets with large numbers of

 

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obligors, include credit card, car loan and other consumer receivables and home or commercial mortgages, including subprime mortgages. The repayment of ABCP issued by a conduit depends primarily on the cash collections received from the conduit’s underlying asset portfolio and the conduit’s ability to issue new ABCP. Therefore, there could be losses to the Fund investing in ABCP in the event of credit or market value deterioration in the conduit’s underlying portfolio, mismatches in the timing of the cash flows of the underlying asset interests and the repayment obligations of maturing ABCP, or the conduit’s inability to issue new ABCP. To protect investors from these risks, ABCP programs may be structured with various protections, such as credit enhancement, liquidity support, and commercial paper stop-issuance and wind-down triggers. However there can be no guarantee that these protections will be sufficient to prevent losses to investors in ABCP.

Some ABCP programs provide for an extension of the maturity date of the ABCP if, on the related maturity date, the conduit is unable to access sufficient liquidity through the issue of additional ABCP. This may delay the sale of the underlying collateral and the Fund may incur a loss if the value of the collateral deteriorates during the extension period. Alternatively, if collateral for ABCP deteriorates in value, the collateral may be required to be sold at inopportune times or at prices insufficient to repay the principal and interest on the ABCP. ABCP programs may provide for the issuance of subordinated notes as an additional form of credit enhancement. The subordinated notes are typically of a lower credit quality and have a higher risk of default. A fund purchasing these subordinated notes will therefore have a higher likelihood of loss than investors in the senior notes.

Collateralized debt obligations. The Fund may invest in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), which include collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”), CLOs and other similarly structured securities. CDOs are types of asset-backed securities. A CBO is a trust or other special purpose entity (“SPE”) which is typically backed by a diversified pool of fixed income securities (which may include high risk, below investment grade securities). A CLO is a trust or other SPE that is typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and non-U.S. senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. Although certain CDOs may receive credit enhancement in the form of a senior-subordinate structure, over-collateralization or bond insurance, such enhancement may not always be present, and may fail to protect the Fund against the risk of loss on default of the collateral. Certain CDOs may use derivatives contracts to create “synthetic” exposure to assets rather than holding such assets directly, which entails the risks of derivative instruments described elsewhere in this SAI. CDOs may charge management fees and administrative expenses, which are in addition to those of the Fund.

For both CBOs and CLOs, the cashflows from the SPE are split into two or more portions, called tranches, varying in risk and yield. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche, which bears the first loss from defaults from the bonds or loans in the SPE and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default (though such protection is not complete). Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CBO or CLO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying securities, and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CBO or CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as investor aversion to CBO or CLO securities as a class. Interest on certain tranches of a CDO may be paid in kind (paid in the form of obligations of the same type rather than cash), which involves continued exposure to default risk with respect to such payments.

The risks of an investment in a CDO depend largely on the type of the collateral securities and the class of the CDO in which the Fund invests. Normally, CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs are privately offered and sold, and thus, are not registered under the securities laws. As a result, investments in CDOs may be characterized by the Fund as illiquid securities. However, an active dealer market may exist for CDOs, allowing a CDO to qualify for Rule 144A transactions. In addition to the normal risks associated with fixed income securities discussed elsewhere in this SAI and the Prospectus (e.g., interest rate risk and credit risk), CDOs carry additional risks including, but not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the collateral may decline in value or default or its credit rating may be downgraded, if rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization; (iii) the Fund may invest in tranches of CDOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the complex structure of the security may not be fully understood at the time of investment and may produce disputes with the issuer or unexpected investment results; and (v) the CDO’s manager may perform poorly.

Mortgage Dollar Rolls

In a mortgage dollar roll, also known as a forward roll transaction, the Fund sells MBS for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) MBS on a

 

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specified future date. The Fund may enter into a mortgage dollar roll commitment with the intention of entering into an offsetting transaction whereby, rather than accepting delivery of the security on the specified future date, the Fund sells the security and then agrees to repurchase a similar security at a later time. In this case, the Fund forgoes interest on the security during the roll period and is compensated by the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the initial sale of the security and by the difference between the sale price and the lower repurchase price at the future date. At the time the Fund enters into a mortgage dollar roll commitment, the Fund will set aside cash or other appropriate liquid securities with a value at least equal to the Fund’s obligation under the commitment. The Fund’s liquidity and ability to manage its assets might be affected when it sets aside cash or portfolio securities to cover such commitments.

Mortgage dollar rolls involve the risk that the market value of the securities the Fund is obligated to repurchase under the agreement may decline below the repurchase price. In the event the buyer of securities under a mortgage dollar roll files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, the Fund’s use of proceeds of the dollar roll may be restricted pending a determination by the other party, or its trustee or receiver, whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase the securities.

Forward roll transactions may have a leveraging effect on the Fund, making the value of an investment in the Fund more volatile and increasing the Fund’s overall investment exposure. Successful use of mortgage dollar rolls may depend on the portfolio manager’s ability to correctly predict interest rates and prepayments. There is no assurance that mortgage dollar rolls can be successfully employed.

Municipal Securities

Municipal securities (which are also referred to herein as “municipal obligations” or “municipal bonds”) generally include debt obligations (including, but not limited to bonds, notes or commercial paper) issued by or on behalf of any of the 50 U.S. states and their political subdivisions, agencies and public authorities, certain other governmental issuers (such as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam) or other qualifying issuers, participations or other interests in these securities and other related investments. The interest paid on municipal securities is generally excluded from gross income for regular U.S. federal income tax purposes, although it may be subject to U.S. federal alternative minimum tax. The Fund does not anticipate holding municipal securities in sufficient quantities to qualify to pay exempt-interest dividends. As a result, distributions to the Fund’s shareholders of interest earned by the Fund are expected to be treated for federal income tax purposes as ordinary dividends without regard to the character of any interest that was received on municipal securities.

Preferred Securities

There are two basic types of preferred securities: traditional and hybrid-preferred securities. Traditional preferred securities consist of preferred stock issued by an entity taxable as a corporation. Preferred stocks, which may offer fixed or floating rate dividends, are perpetual instruments and considered equity securities. Preferred stocks are subordinated to debt instruments in a company’s capital structure, in terms of priority to corporate income and claim to corporate assets, and therefore will be subject to greater credit risk than debt instruments. Alternatively, hybrid-preferred securities may be issued by corporations, generally in the form of interest-bearing notes with preferred securities characteristics, or by an affiliated trust or partnership of the corporation, generally in the form of preferred interests in subordinated debentures or similarly structured securities. The hybrid-preferred securities market consists of both fixed and adjustable coupon rate securities that are either perpetual in nature or have stated maturity dates.

Traditional Preferred Securities. Traditional preferred securities pay fixed or floating dividends to investors and have “preference” over Common Shares in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of a company’s assets. This means that a company must pay dividends on preferred stock before paying any dividends on its Common Shares. In order to be payable, distributions on such preferred securities must be declared by the issuer’s board of trustees. Income payments on preferred securities may be cumulative, causing dividends and distributions to accumulate even if not declared by the board of trustees or otherwise made payable. In such a case, all accumulated dividends must be paid before any dividend on the Common Shares can be paid. However, many traditional preferred stocks are non-cumulative, in which case dividends do not accumulate and need not ever be paid. There is no assurance that dividends or distributions on the traditional preferred securities in which the Fund invests will be declared or otherwise made payable. Preferred securities may also contain provisions under which payments must be stopped (i.e., stoppage is compulsory, not discretionary). The conditions under which this occurs may relate to, for instance, capitalization levels. Hence, if a company incurs significant losses that deplete retained earnings automatic payment

 

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stoppage could occur. In some cases the terms of the preferred securities provide that the issuer would be obligated to attempt to issue Common Shares to raise funds for the purpose of making the preferred payments. However, there is no guarantee that the issuer would be successful in placing Common Shares.

Preferred stockholders usually have no right to vote for corporate trustees or on other matters. Shares of traditional preferred securities have a liquidation preference that generally equals the original purchase price at the date of issuance. The market value of preferred securities may be affected by, among other factors, favorable and unfavorable changes impacting the issuer or industries in which they operate, movements in interest rates and inflation, and the broader economic and credit environments, and by actual and anticipated changes in tax laws, such as changes in corporate and individual income tax rates. Because the claim on an issuer’s earnings represented by traditional preferred securities may become onerous when interest rates fall below the rate payable on such securities, the issuer may redeem the securities. Thus, in declining interest rate environments in particular, the Fund’s holdings of higher rate-paying fixed rate preferred securities may be reduced, and the Fund may be unable to acquire securities of comparable credit quality paying comparable rates with the redemption proceeds.

Hybrid-Preferred Securities. Hybrid-preferred securities are typically junior and fully subordinated liabilities of an issuer or the beneficiary of a guarantee that is junior and fully subordinated to the other liabilities of the guarantor. In addition, hybrid-preferred securities typically permit an issuer to defer the payment of income for eighteen months or more without triggering an event of default. Generally, the maximum deferral period is five years. Because of their subordinated position in the capital structure of an issuer, the ability to defer payments for extended periods of time without default consequences to the issuer, and certain other features (such as restrictions on common dividend payments by the issuer or ultimate guarantor when full cumulative payments on the hybrid preferred securities have not been made), these hybrid-preferred securities are often treated as close substitutes for traditional preferred securities, both by issuers and investors. Hybrid-preferred securities have many of the key characteristics of equity due to their subordinated position in an issuer’s capital structure and because their quality and value are heavily dependent on the profitability of the issuer rather than on any legal claims to specific assets or cash flows. Hybrid-preferred securities include, but are not limited to, trust preferred securities (TRUPS®); enhanced trust preferred securities (Enhanced TRUPS®); trust-originated preferred securities (TOPrS®); monthly-income preferred securities (MIPS®); quarterly-income bond securities (QUIBS®); quarterly-income debt securities (QUIDS®); quarterly-income preferred securities (QUIPSSM); corporate trust securities (CorTS®); public income notes (PINES®); and other hybrid-preferred securities. Hybrid-preferred securities are typically issued with a final maturity date. In certain instances, a final maturity date may be extended and/or the final payment of principal may be deferred at the issuer’s option for a specified time without default. No redemption can typically take place unless all cumulative payment obligations have been met, although issuers may be able to engage in open-market repurchases without regard to whether all payments have been paid.

Many hybrid-preferred securities are issued by trusts or other special purpose entities established by operating companies and are not a direct obligation of an operating company. At the time the trust or special purpose entity sells such preferred securities to investors, it purchases debt of the operating company (with terms comparable to those of the trust or special purpose entity securities), and the operating company deducts for tax purposes the interest paid on the debt held by the trust or special purpose entity. The trust or special purpose entity is generally required to be treated as transparent for U.S. federal income tax purposes such that the holders of the trust preferred securities are treated as owning beneficial interests in the underlying debt of the operating company. Accordingly, payments on the hybrid-preferred securities are generally treated as interest rather than dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes and, as such, are not eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate taxpayers or the reduced rates of tax that apply to qualified dividend income for non-corporate taxpayers. The trust or special purpose entity in turn is a holder of the operating company’s debt and has priority with respect to the operating company’s earnings and profits over the operating company’s Common Shareholders, but is typically subordinated to other classes of the operating company’s debt. Typically a preferred security has a credit rating that is lower than that of its corresponding operating company’s senior debt securities.

Within the category of hybrid-preferred securities are senior debt instruments that trade in the broader preferred securities market. These debt instruments, which are sources of long-term capital for the issuers, have structural features similar to other preferred securities such as maturities ranging from 30 years to perpetuity, call features, quarterly payments, exchange listings and the inclusion of accrued interest in the trading price. Preferred securities may be subject to changes in regulations and there can be no assurance that the current regulatory treatment of preferred securities will continue.

 

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Ratings as Investment Criteria

In general, the ratings of NRSROs represent the opinions of these agencies as to the quality of securities that they rate. Such ratings, however, are relative and subjective, are not absolute standards of quality and do not evaluate the market value risk of the securities. These ratings will be used by the Fund as initial criteria for the selection of portfolio securities, but the Fund also will rely upon the independent advice of the portfolio manager to evaluate potential investments. Among the factors that will be considered are the long-term ability of the issuer to pay principal and interest and general economic trends. Appendix A to this SAI contains further information concerning the rating categories of NRSROs and their significance.

If a security is rated by different agencies and receives different ratings from these agencies, the Fund will treat the security as being rated in the highest rating category received from an agency.

Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”)

REITs are pooled investment vehicles which invest primarily in income producing real estate or real estate-related loans or interests. REITs are generally classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs or a combination of equity and mortgage REITs. Equity REITs invest the majority of their assets directly in real property and derive income primarily from the collection of rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive income from the collection of interest payments. REITs are not taxed on income distributed to shareholders provided they comply with the applicable requirements of the Code. Debt securities issued by REITs, for the most part, are general and unsecured obligations and are subject to risks associated with REITs. Like mutual funds, REITs have expenses, including advisory and administration fees paid by certain REITs and, as a result, the Fund is indirectly subject to those fees if the Fund invests in REITs.

Investing in REITs involves certain risks, including declines in the value of the underlying real estate, risks related to general and local economic conditions, possible lack of availability of mortgage funds, overbuilding, extended vacancies of properties, increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, losses due to costs resulting from the clean-up of environmental problems, liability to third parties for damages resulting from environmental problems, casualty or condemnation losses, limitations on rents, changes in neighborhood values and in the appeal of properties to tenants. Equity REITs may also be subject to property and casualty risks as their insurance policies may not completely recover repair or replacement of assets damaged by fires, floods, earthquakes or other natural disasters. REITs whose underlying assets are concentrated in properties used by a particular industry, such as healthcare, are also subject to industry-related risks. Certain “special purpose” REITs may invest their assets in specific real estate sectors, such as hotels, nursing homes or warehouses, and are therefore subject to the risks associated with adverse developments in any such sectors.

REITs (especially mortgage REITs) are subject to interest rate risks. When interest rates decline, the value of a REIT’s investment in fixed income obligations can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a REIT’s investment in fixed-rate obligations can be expected to decline. If the REIT invests in adjustable rate debt instruments the interest rates on which are reset periodically, yields on a REIT’s investments in such loans will gradually align themselves to reflect changes in market interest rates. This causes the value of such investments to fluctuate less dramatically in response to interest rate fluctuations than would investments in fixed-rate obligations. However, REIT shares can be more volatile than, and perform differently from, larger company securities since REITs tend to be small- to medium-sized companies in relation to the equity markets as a whole. REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in a limited volume and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than larger company securities.

REITs are dependent upon the skills of their managers and are generally not diversified. REITs may be highly leveraged, and financial covenants may affect the ability of REITs to operate effectively. REITs are generally dependent upon maintaining cash flows to repay borrowings, to cover operating costs, and to make distributions to shareholders and are subject to the risk of default by lessees and borrowers. In the event of a default by a borrower or lessee, the REIT may experience delays in enforcing its rights as a mortgagee or lessor and may incur substantial costs associated with protecting its investments. If REITs are net sellers of assets or do not reinvest principal, they are also subject to self-liquidation. In addition, REITs could possibly fail to qualify for tax-free pass-through of net income and gains as a REIT under the Code or to maintain their exemptions from registration as an investment company under the 1940 Act. In the event of any such failure to qualify as a REIT under the Code, the company

 

38


would be subject to corporate level taxation, significantly reducing the return to the Fund on its investment in such company.

Repurchase Agreements

Under the terms of a typical repurchase agreement, the Fund would acquire one or more underlying debt securities from a counterparty (typically a bank or a broker-dealer), subject to the counterparty’s obligation to repurchase, and the Fund to resell, the securities at an agreed-upon time and price. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements where the underlying collateral consists entirely of cash items and/or securities of the U.S. Government, its agencies, its instrumentalities, or U.S. Government sponsored enterprises. The Fund may also enter into repurchase agreements where the underlying collateral consists of other types of securities, including securities the Fund could not purchase directly. For such repurchase agreements, the underlying securities which serve as collateral may include, but are not limited to, U.S. government securities, municipal securities, corporate debt obligations, asset-backed securities (including collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”)), convertible securities and common and preferred stock and may be of below investment grade quality. The repurchase price is typically greater than the purchase price paid by the Fund, thereby determining the Fund’s yield. A repurchase agreement is similar to, and may be treated as, a secured loan, where the Fund loans cash to the counterparty and the loan is secured by the underlying securities as collateral. All repurchase agreements entered into by the Fund are required to be collateralized so that at all times during the term of a repurchase agreement, the value of the underlying securities is at least equal to the amount of the repurchase price. Also, the Fund or its custodian is required to have control of the collateral, which the portfolio manager believes will give the Fund a valid, perfected security interest in the collateral.

Repurchase agreements could involve certain risks in the event of default or insolvency of the counterparty, including possible delays or restrictions upon the Fund’s ability to dispose of the underlying securities, the risk of a possible decline in the value of the underlying securities during the period in which the Fund seeks to assert its right to them, the risk that there may be a limited market or no market for disposition of such underlying securities, the risk of incurring expenses associated with asserting those rights and the risk of losing all or part of the income from the agreement. The Fund will seek to mitigate these risks but there is no guarantee that such efforts will be successful. If the Fund enters into a repurchase agreement involving securities the Fund could not purchase directly, and the counterparty defaults, the Fund may become the holder of such securities. Repurchase agreements collateralized by securities other than U.S. government securities may be subject to greater risks and are more likely to have a term to maturity of longer than seven days. Repurchase agreements with a maturity of more than seven days are considered to be illiquid.

Repurchase agreements may be entered into or novated with a financial clearinghouse, which would become the Fund’s counterparty. The Fund would then become subject to the rules of the clearinghouse, which may limit the Fund’s rights and remedies (including recourse to collateral) or delay or restrict the rights and remedies, and expose the Fund to the risks of the clearinghouses’ insolvency.

Pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the SEC, the Fund, along with other affiliated entities managed by the Manager, may transfer uninvested cash balances into one or more joint accounts for the purpose of entering into repurchase agreements secured by cash and U.S. government securities, subject to certain conditions.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. A reverse repurchase agreement has the characteristics of a secured borrowing by the Fund and creates leverage in the Fund’s portfolio. In a reverse repurchase transaction, the Fund sells a portfolio instrument to another person, such as a financial institution or broker-dealer, in return for cash. At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed-upon time and at a price that is greater than the amount of cash that the Fund received when it sold the instrument, representing the equivalent of an interest payment by the Fund for the use of the cash. During the term of the transaction, the Fund will continue to receive any principal and interest payments (or the equivalent thereof) on the underlying instruments.

The Fund may engage in reverse repurchase agreements as a form of leverage and for temporary or emergency purposes. Unless otherwise limited in the Fund’s Prospectus or this SAI, the Fund may also engage in reverse repurchase agreements to the extent permitted by its fundamental investment policies in order to raise additional cash to be invested by the Fund’s portfolio manager in other securities or instruments in an effort to increase the Fund’s investment returns.

 

39


During the term of the transaction, the Fund will remain at risk for any fluctuations in the market value of the instruments subject to the reverse repurchase agreement as if it had not entered into the transaction. When the Fund reinvests the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement in other securities, the Fund will also be at risk for any fluctuations in the market value of the securities in which the proceeds are invested. Like other forms of leverage, this makes the value of an investment in the Fund more volatile and increases the Fund’s overall investment exposure. In addition, if the Fund’s return on its investment of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement does not equal or exceed the implied interest that it is obligated to pay under the reverse repurchase agreement, engaging in the transaction will lower the Fund’s return.

When the Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, it is subject to the risk that the buyer under the agreement may file for bankruptcy, become insolvent or otherwise default on its obligations to the Fund. In the event of a default by the counterparty, there may be delays, costs and risks of loss involved in the Fund’s exercising its rights under the agreement, or those rights may be limited by other contractual agreements or obligations or by applicable law.

In addition, the Fund may be unable to sell the instruments subject to the reverse repurchase agreement at a time when it would be advantageous to do so, or may be required to liquidate portfolio securities at a time when it would be disadvantageous to do so in order to make payments with respect to its obligations under a reverse repurchase agreement. This could adversely affect the Fund’s strategy and result in lower fund returns. At the time the Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund is required to set aside cash or other appropriate liquid securities in the amount of the Fund’s obligation under the reverse repurchase agreement or take certain other actions in accordance with SEC guidelines, which may affect the Fund’s liquidity and ability to manage its assets. Although complying with SEC guidelines would have the effect of limiting the amount of fund assets that may be committed to reverse repurchase agreements and other similar transactions at any time, it does not otherwise mitigate the risks of entering into reverse repurchase agreements.

The Fund will not engage in reverse repurchase agreements if its total borrowings exceed 33-1/3% of its total assets.

Securities Lending

The Fund may lend its portfolio securities, provided that cash or equivalent collateral, equal to at least 100% of the market value of such securities, is continuously maintained by the other party with the Fund. During the pendency of the transaction, the other party will pay the Fund an amount equivalent to any dividends or interest paid on such securities, and the Fund may invest the cash collateral and earn additional income, or it may receive an agreed upon amount of interest income from the other party who has delivered equivalent collateral. These transactions are subject to termination at the option of the Fund or the other party. The Fund may pay administrative and custodial fees in connection with these transactions and may pay a negotiated portion of the interest earned on the cash or equivalent collateral to the other party or placing agent or broker.

Although voting rights or rights to consent with respect to the relevant securities generally pass to the other party, the Fund will make arrangements to vote or consent with respect to a material event affecting such securities. SEC guidance currently states that a fund may loan securities equal in value to no more than one third of its total asset value, including collateral received in connection with such transactions (at market value computed at the time of the transaction). The risks in lending portfolio securities include possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. The Fund runs the risk that the counterparty to a loan transaction will default on its obligation and that the value of the collateral received may decline before the Fund can dispose of it. If the Fund receives cash as collateral and invests that cash, the Fund is subject to the risk that the collateral will decline in value before the Fund must return it to the counterparty. Subject to the foregoing, loans of fund securities are effectively borrowings by the Fund and have economic characteristics similar to reverse repurchase agreements. The Fund does not currently intend to engage in securities lending, although it may engage in transactions (such as reverse repurchase agreements) which have similar characteristics.

Short-Term Trading

Fund transactions will be undertaken principally to accomplish the Fund’s investment objective in relation to anticipated movements in the general level of interest rates, but the Fund may also engage in short-term trading consistent with its investment objective.

Stripped Securities

 

40


Stripped securities may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government, or by private originators of, or investors in, government securities or mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. Stripped securities have greater volatility than other types of securities. Although mortgage securities are purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers, the market for such securities has not yet been fully developed. Accordingly, stripped securities may be illiquid.

Stripped securities are structured with two or more classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of assets. A common type of stripped mortgage security will have at least one class receiving only a small portion of the principal. In the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (“IO” or interest-only class), while the other class will receive all of the principal (“PO” or principal-only class). The yield to maturity on IOs, POs and other mortgage-backed securities that are purchased at a substantial premium or discount generally are extremely sensitive not only to changes in prevailing interest rates but also to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on such securities’ yield to maturity. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to fully recoup its initial investment in these securities even if the securities have received the highest rating by a NRSRO.

Structured Notes and Related Instruments

“Structured” notes and other related instruments, including indexed securities and credit-linked notes, are derivative debt instruments, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated underlying instrument (for example, a currency, security, commodity or index thereof). Structured instruments are generally privately negotiated debt obligations issued by corporations, including banks, as well as by governmental agencies and frequently are assembled in the form of medium-term notes, but a variety of forms are available and may be used in particular circumstances. The terms of such structured instruments normally provide that their principal and/or interest payments are to be adjusted upwards or downwards (but ordinarily not below zero) to reflect changes in the underlying instrument while the instruments are outstanding. As a result, the interest and/or principal payments that may be made on a structured product may vary widely. The rate of return on structured notes may be determined by applying a multiplier to the performance or differential performance of the underlying instrument or other asset(s). Application of a multiplier involves leverage that will serve to magnify the potential for gain and the risk of loss. Investment in indexed securities and structured notes involves certain risks, including the credit risk of the issuer and the normal risks of price changes in response to changes in interest rates. Further, in the case of certain indexed securities or structured notes, a decline in the underlying instrument may cause the interest rate to be reduced to zero, and any further declines in the underlying instrument may then reduce the principal amount payable on maturity. Finally, these securities may have lower liquidity than other types of securities and may be more volatile than their underlying instruments. Subordinated “structured” notes, which are subordinated to the right of payment of another class of the structured note, typically have higher yields and present greater risks than unsubordinated “structured” notes.

Subordinated Securities

Subordinated securities include securities which are subordinated or “junior” to more senior securities of the issuer, or which represent interests in pools of such subordinated or junior securities. Such securities may include so-called “high yield” securities or “junk” bonds (i.e., bonds that are rated below investment grade by a rating agency or that are determined by the Fund’s portfolio manager to be of equivalent quality) and preferred stock. Under the terms of subordinated securities, payments that would otherwise be made to their holders may be required to be made to the holders of more senior securities, and/or the subordinated or junior securities may have junior liens, if they have any rights at all, in any collateral (meaning proceeds of the collateral are required to be paid first to the holders of more senior securities). As a result, subordinated or junior securities will be disproportionately adversely affected by a default or even a perceived decline in creditworthiness of the issuer.

U.S. Government Securities

U.S. Government securities include (1) U.S. Treasury bills (maturity of one year or less), U.S. Treasury notes (maturity of one to ten years) and U.S. Treasury bonds (maturities generally greater than ten years); (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities which are supported by any of the following: (a) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government (such as certificates issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”)); (b) the right of the issuer to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of

 

41


credit from the U.S. Government (such as obligations of the Federal Home Loan Banks); (c) the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of agencies or instrumentalities (such as securities issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association); or (d) only the credit of the agency or instrumentality (such as securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation); and (3) obligations issued by non-governmental entities (like financial institutions) that carry direct guarantees from U.S. government agencies as part of government initiatives in response to a market crisis or otherwise. Agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government include but are not limited to: Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Federal Housing Administration, Federal Land Banks, Federal Financing Bank, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Farm Credit Bank System, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National Mortgage Association, General Services Administration, Government National Mortgage Association, Student Loan Marketing Association, United States Postal Service, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, Washington D.C. Armory Board and any other instrumentality established or sponsored by the U.S. Government.

In the case of obligations not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, the Fund must look principally to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment and may not be able to assert a claim against the United States itself in the event the agency or instrumentality does not meet its commitments. Neither the U.S. Government nor any of its agencies or instrumentalities guarantees the market value of the securities they issue. Therefore, the market value of such securities will fluctuate in response to changes in interest rates and other factors. In addition, any downgrade of the credit rating of the securities issued by the U.S. Government may result in a downgrade of securities issued by its agencies or instrumentalities, including government-sponsored entities.

U.S. Treasury Obligations

U.S. Treasury obligations are direct debt obligations issued by the U.S. government. Treasury bills, with maturities normally from 4 weeks to 52 weeks, are typically issued at a discount as they pay interest only upon maturity. Treasury bills are non-callable. Treasury notes have a maturity between two and ten years and typically pay interest semi-annually, while Treasury bonds have a maturity of over ten years and pay interest semi-annually. U.S. Treasury obligations also include STRIPS, TIPS, and FRNs. STRIPS are Treasury obligations with separately traded principal and interest component parts of such obligations that are transferable through the federal book-entry system. The principal and interest components of U.S. Treasury bonds with remaining maturities of longer than ten years are eligible to be traded independently under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are separately issued through depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts separately. Each interest payment and the principal payment becomes a separate zero-coupon security. STRIPS pay interest only at maturity. The interest component of STRIPS may be more volatile than that of U.S. Treasury bills with comparable maturities. TIPS are Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, the principal of which increases with inflation and decreases with deflation. The inflation adjustment is based on a two month-lagged value of the non-seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Consumers (CPI-U). TIPS entitle the holder, upon maturity, to the adjusted principal or original principal, whichever is greater, thus providing a deflation floor. TIPS pay interest twice a year, at a fixed rate. The rate is applied to the adjusted principal; so, like the principal, interest payments rise with inflation and fall with deflation. However, because the interest rate is fixed, TIPS may lose value when market interest rates increase, particularly during periods of low inflation. FRNs are floating rate notes, the interest on which is indexed to the most recent 13-week Treasury bill auction High Rate, which is the highest accepted discount rate in a Treasury bill auction.

Variable and Floating Rate Securities

Variable and floating rate securities provide for a periodic adjustment in the interest rate paid on the obligations. The terms of such obligations provide that interest rates are adjusted periodically based upon an interest rate adjustment index as provided in the respective obligations. The adjustment intervals may be regular, and range from daily up to annually, or may be event-based, such as based on a change in the prime rate.

The Fund may invest in floating rate debt instruments (“floaters”) and engage in credit spread trades. The interest rate on a floater is a variable rate which is tied to another interest rate, such as a corporate bond index or U.S. Treasury bill rate. The interest rate on a floater resets periodically, typically every six months. While, because of the interest rate reset feature, floaters may provide the Fund with a certain degree of protection against rising interest rates, the Fund will participate in any declines in interest rates as well. A credit spread trade is an investment position relating to a difference in the prices or interest rates of two bonds or other securities or currencies, where

 

42


the value of the investment position is determined by movements in the difference between the prices or interest rates, as the case may be, of the respective securities or currencies.

The Fund may also invest in inverse floating rate debt instruments (“inverse floaters”). The interest rate on an inverse floater resets in the opposite direction from the market rate of interest to which the inverse floater is indexed. An inverse floating rate security may exhibit greater price volatility than a fixed rate obligation of similar credit quality.

A floater may be considered to be leveraged to the extent that its interest rate varies by a magnitude that exceeds the magnitude of the change in the index rate of interest. The higher degree of leverage inherent in some floaters is associated with greater volatility in their market values.

The Fund may also invest in variable amount master demand notes, which permit the indebtedness thereunder to vary in addition to providing for periodic adjustments in the interest rate. The absence of an active secondary market with respect to particular variable and floating rate instruments could make it difficult for the Fund to dispose of a variable or floating rate note if the issuer were to default on its payment obligation or during periods that the Fund is not entitled to exercise its demand rights, and the Fund could, for these or other reasons, suffer a loss with respect to such instruments. In determining average-weighted portfolio maturity, an instrument will be deemed to have a maturity equal to either the period remaining until the next interest rate adjustment or the time the Fund can recover payment of principal as specified in the instrument, depending on the type of instrument involved.

When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments

The Fund may purchase securities on a “when-issued” or “to be announced” or “forward delivery” basis. The payment obligation and the interest rate that will be received on the “when-issued” securities are fixed at the time the buyer enters into the commitment although settlement, i.e., delivery of and payment for the securities, takes place at a later date. In a “to be announced” transaction, the Fund commits to purchase securities for which all specific information is not known at the time of the trade.

Securities purchased on a “when-issued” or “forward delivery” basis are subject to changes in value based upon the market’s perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and changes, real or anticipated, in the level of interest rates. The value of these securities experiences appreciation when interest rates decline and depreciation when interest rates rise. Purchasing securities on a “when-issued” or “forward delivery” basis can involve a risk that the yields available in the market on the settlement date may actually be higher or lower than those obtained in the transaction itself. At the time the Fund enters into a “when-issued” or “forward delivery” commitment, the Fund will set aside cash or other appropriate liquid securities with a value at least equal to the Fund’s obligation under the commitment. The Fund’s liquidity and ability to manage its assets might be affected when it sets aside cash or portfolio securities to cover such commitments.

An increase in the percentage of the Fund’s assets committed to the purchase of securities on a “when-issued” basis may increase the volatility of its net asset value.

Zero-Coupon, Pay-In-Kind and Deferred Interest Securities

Zero Coupon Bond. A zero coupon bond is a security that makes no fixed interest payments but instead is sold at a discount from its face value. The bond is redeemed at its face value on the specified maturity date. Zero coupon bonds may be issued as such, or they may be created by a broker who strips the coupons from a bond and separately sells the rights to receive principal and interest. The prices of zero coupon bonds tend to fluctuate more in response to changes in market interest rates than do the prices of interest-paying debt securities with similar maturities. Zero coupon bonds with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance will be treated as debt obligations that are issued with original issue discount (“OID”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Generally, the OID is treated as interest income and is included in the Fund’s income and required to be distributed by the Fund over the term of the bond, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the bond. The Fund may thus be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount which is greater than the total amount of cash the Fund actually received, and may have to dispose of other securities, including at times when it may be disadvantageous to do so, to generate the cash necessary for the distribution of income attributable to its zero coupon bonds.

Pay-In-Kind Securities. Pay-in-kind securities are bonds which pay interest through the issuance of additional debt or equity securities. Pay-in-kind securities have characteristics similar to those of zero coupon securities, but interest on such securities may be paid in the form of obligations of the same type rather than cash. Similar to zero coupon

 

43


obligations, pay-in-kind bonds also carry additional risk as holders of these types of securities realize no cash until the cash payment date unless a portion of such securities is sold and, if the issuer defaults, the Fund may obtain no return at all on its investment. The market price of pay-in-kind bonds is affected by interest rate changes to a greater extent, and therefore tends to be more volatile, than that of securities which pay interest in cash. Similar to zero coupon bonds, current federal income tax law requires the holder of pay-in-kind bonds to accrue income with respect to these securities prior to the receipt of cash payments. To maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company and avoid liability for federal income and excise taxes, the Fund may be required to distribute income accrued with respect to these securities and may have to dispose of portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances in order to generate cash to satisfy these distribution requirements.

Deferred Interest Bonds. Deferred interest bonds are debt obligations that generally provide for a period of delay before the regular payment of interest begins and that are issued at a significant discount from face value. The original discount approximates the total amount of interest the bonds will accrue and compound over the period until the first interest accrual date at a rate of interest reflecting the market rate of the security at the time of issuance. Although this period of delay is different for each deferred interest bond, a typical period is approximately one-third of the bond’s term to maturity. Such investments benefit the issuer by mitigating its initial need for cash to meet debt service, but some also provide a higher rate of return to attract investors who are willing to defer receipt of such cash. Similar to zero coupon bonds, current federal income tax law generally requires the holder of deferred interest bonds to accrue income with respect to these securities before the regular payment of interest begins. To maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company and avoid liability for federal income and excise taxes, the Fund may be required to distribute income accrued with respect to these securities and may have to dispose of portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances in order to generate cash to satisfy these distribution requirements.

Zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and deferred interest securities may be subject to greater fluctuation in value and lesser liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions than comparably rated securities paying cash interest at regular interest payment periods.

 

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MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

Board of Trustees

The overall management of the business and affairs of the Fund is vested in the Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees is classified, with respect to the time for which members of the Board of Trustees (“Trustees”) severally hold office, into three classes — Class I, Class II and Class III— as nearly equal in number as reasonably possible, with the Trustees in each Class to hold office until their successors are elected and qualified. At each succeeding annual meeting of shareholders, the successors to the Class of Trustees whose terms expire at that meeting shall be elected to hold office for terms expiring at the later of the annual meeting of shareholders held in the third year following the year of their election or the election and qualification of their successors.

The Trustees of the Fund, their ages, their principal occupations during the past five years (their titles may have varied during that period), the number of investment companies or portfolios in the Fund Complex (as defined below) that each Trustee oversees, and the other board memberships held by each Trustee is set forth below.

 

Name, Address(1) and
Age

  

Position(s)
with Fund

  

Term of
Office
and
Length
of Time
Served

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

   Number of
Investment
Companies in
Fund
Complex(2)
Overseen by
Trustee
  

Other Trustee Positions
Held by Director
During Past Five Years

INTERESTED TRUSTEE:      

Jane E. Trust, CFA*

Born 1962

   Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer    Since
Inception 
Class III
   Senior Vice President, Fund Board Management, Franklin Templeton (since 2020); Officer and/or Trustee/Director of 127 funds associated with FTFA or its affiliates (since 2015); President and Chief Executive Officer of FTFA (since 2015); formerly, Senior Managing Director (2018 to 2020) and Managing Director (2016 to 2018) of Legg Mason & Co., LLC (“Legg Mason & Co.”); Senior Vice President of FTFA (2015)    116    None
NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES:

Robert D. Agdern

Birth year: 1950

   Trustee and Member of Nominating, Audit, Compensation and Pricing and Valuation Committees, and Compliance Liaison   

Since 2021

Class I

   Member of the Advisory Committee of the Dispute Resolution Research Center at the Kellogg Graduate School of Business, Northwestern University (2002 to 2016); formerly, Deputy General Counsel responsible for western hemisphere matters for BP PLC (1999 to 2001); Associate General Counsel at Amoco Corporation responsible for corporate, chemical, and refining and marketing matters and special assignments (1993 to 1998) (Amoco merged with British Petroleum in 1998 forming BP PLC).    16    None

Carol L. Colman

Birth year: 1946

   Trustee and Member of Audit and Compensation Committees and Chair of Pricing and Valuation and Nominating Committees   

Since

inception

Class I

   President, Colman Consulting Co.    16    None

Daniel P. Cronin

Birth year: 1946

   Trustee and Member of Audit, Compensation and Pricing and Valuation Committees, and Chair of Nominating Committee   

Since

inception

Class I

   Retired; formerly, Associate General Counsel, Pfizer, Inc.    16    None

Paolo M. Cucchi

Birth year: 1941

   Trustee and Member of
Audit, Nominating and Pricing
and Valuation Committees
and Chair of Compensation
Committee
  

Since

inception

Class II

   Emeritus Professor of French and Italian at Drew University (since 2014); formerly, Professor of French and Italian at Drew University (2009 to 2014); Vice President and Dean of College of Liberal Arts at Drew University (1984 to 2009)    16    None

 

45


Anthony Grillo**

Birth year: 1955

   Trustee and Member of Nominating, Audit, Compensation and Pricing and Valuation Committees   

Since 2024

Class I

   Retired; Founder, Managing Director and Partner of American Securities opportunity funds (private equity and credit firm) (2006 to 2018); formerly, Senior Managing Director of Evercore Partners Inc. (investment banking) (2001 to 2004); Senior Managing Director of Joseph Littlejohn & Levy, Inc. (private equity firm) (1999 to 2001); Senior Managing Director of The Blackstone Group L.P. (private equity and credit firm) (1991 to 1999)    16    Retired; Founder, Managing Director and Partner of American Securities opportunity funds (private equity and credit firm) (2006 to 2018); formerly, Senior Managing Director of Evercore Partners Inc. (investment banking) (2001 to 2004); Senior Managing Director of Joseph Littlejohn & Levy, Inc. (private equity firm) (1999 to 2001); Senior Managing Director of The Blackstone Group L.P. (private equity and credit firm) (1991 to 1999)

Eileen A. Kamerick

Birth year: 1958

   Chair and Member of Nominating, Compensation, Pricing and Valuation Committee and Audit Committees   

Since inception

Class II

   Chief Executive Officer, The Governance Partners, LLC (consulting firm) (since 2015); National Association of Corporate Directors Board Leadership Fellow (since 2016, with Directorship Certification since 2019) and NACD 2022 Directorship 100 honoree; Adjunct Professor, Georgetown University Law Center (since 2021); Adjunct Professor, The University of Chicago Law School (since 2018); Adjunct Professor, University of Iowa College of Law (since 2007); formerly, Chief Financial Officer, Press Ganey Associates (health care informatics company) (2012 to 2014); Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer, Houlihan Lokey (international investment bank) and President, Houlihan Lokey Foundation (2010 to 2012)    16    Director, VALIC Company I (since October 2022); Director of ACV Auctions Inc. (since 2021); Director of Hochschild Mining plc (precious metals company) (since 2016); Director of Associated Banc-Corp (financial services company) (since 2007); formerly, Trustee of AIG Funds and Anchor Series Trust (2018 to 2021)

Nisha Kumar

Birth year: 1970

   Trustee and Member of Nominating, Compensation and Pricing and Valuation Committees, and Chair of Audit Committee   

Since

inception

Class III

   Formerly, Managing Director and the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Compliance Officer of Greenbriar Equity Group, LP (2011-2021); formerly, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer of Rent the Runway, Inc. (2011); Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of AOL LLC, a subsidiary of Time Warner Inc. (2007 to 2009). Member of the Council on Foreign Relations.    16    Director of The India Fund, Inc. (since 2016); GB Flow Investment LLC; EDAC Technologies Corp.; Nordco Holdings, LLC; and SEKO Global Logistics Network, LLC; formerly, Director of Aberdeen Income Credit Strategies Fund (2017-2018); and Director of The Asia Tigers Fund, Inc. (2016 to 2018)

Peter Mason**

Birth year: 1959

   Trustee and Member of Nominating, Audit, Compensation and Pricing and Valuation Committees   

Since 2024

Class II

   Arbitrator and Mediator (self-employed) (since 2021); formerly, Global General Counsel of UNICEF (non-governmental organization) (1998-2021)    16    Chairman of University of Sydney USA Foundation (since 2020); Director of the American Friends of the Radio Workshop (since 2023)

Hillary A. Sale**

Birth year: 1961

   Trustee and Member of Nominating, Audit, Compensation and Pricing and Valuation Committees   

Since 2024

Class II

   Agnes Williams Sesquicentennial Professor of Leadership and Corporate Governance, Georgetown Law Center; and Professor of Management, McDonough School of Business (since 2018); formerly, Associate Dean for Strategy (2020-2023); National Association of Corporate Directors Board Faculty Member (since 2021); formerly, a Member of the Board of Governors of FINRA (2016-2022)    16    Director of CBOE Regulatory Boards (Since 2022); Advisory Board Member of Foundation Press (academic book publisher) (since 2019); formerly, Chairperson of DirectWomen (nonprofit) (2007-2022)

 

*

Ms. Trust is an “interested person” as defined in the 1940 Act because she is an officer of FTFA and certain of its affiliates.

**

Effective November 15, 2024, Ms. Sale and Messrs. Grillo and Mason became Trustees of the Fund.

 

(1)

Unless otherwise indicated, the business address of the persons listed above is c/o Chair of the Fund, Franklin Templeton, 620 Eighth Avenue, 47th Floor, New York, NY 10018.

 

(2)

The term “Fund Complex” means two or more registered investment companies that:

 

46


  a)

hold themselves out to investors as related companies for purposes of investment and investor services; or

 

  b)

have a common investment adviser or that have an investment adviser that is an affiliated person of the investment adviser of any of the other registered investment companies.

Each of the Trustees has served as a trustee of the Fund as indicated in the table above. The Trustees were selected to join the Board based upon the following as to each Board Member: his or her character and integrity; such person’s service as a board member of other funds in the Franklin Templeton Fund Complex; such person’s willingness to serve and willingness and ability to commit the time necessary to perform the duties of a Trustee; as to each Trustee other than Ms. Trust, his or her status as not being an “interested person” as defined in the 1940 Act; and, as to Ms. Trust, her role with Franklin Templeton. No factor, by itself, was controlling.

In addition to the information provided in the table included above, each Trustee possesses the following attributes: Mr. Agdern, experience in business and as a legal professional; Ms. Colman, experience as a consultant and investment professional; Mr. Cronin, legal and managerial experience; Mr. Cucchi, experience as a college professor and leadership experience as an academic dean; Mr. Grillo, experience as a managing director of a private equity and credit firm and experience in investment banking; Ms. Kamerick, experience in business and finance, including financial reporting, and experience as a board member of a highly regulated financial services company; Ms. Kumar, financial and accounting experience as the chief financial officer of other companies and experience as a board member of private equity funds; Mr. Mason, legal and managerial experience; Ms. Sale, experience as a college professor and experience as a board member for financial and corporate institutions; and Ms. Trust possesses the following attributes: investment management and risk oversight experience as an executive and portfolio manager and leadership roles within Franklin Templeton and affiliated entities. References to the qualifications, attributes and skills of the Trustees are pursuant to requirements of the SEC, do not constitute holding out of the Board or any Trustees as having any special expertise or experience, and shall not impose any greater responsibility or liability on any such person or on the Board by reason thereof.

Responsibilities of the Board of Trustees

The Board of Trustees is responsible under Maryland state law for overseeing generally the management and operations of the Fund. The Trustees oversee the Fund’s operations by, among other things, meeting at its regularly scheduled meetings and as otherwise needed with the Fund’s management and evaluating the performance of the Fund’s service providers including FTFA, Western Asset, Western Asset London, Western Japan, Western Singapore, the custodian and the transfer agent. As part of this process, the Trustees consult with the Fund’s independent auditors and with their own separate independent counsel.

The Trustees review the Fund’s financial statements, performance, net asset value and market price and the relationship between them, as well as the quality of the services being provided to the Fund. As part of this process, the Trustees review the Fund’s fees and expenses in light of the nature, quality and scope of the services being received while also seeking to ensure that the Fund continues to have access to high quality services in the future.

The Board of Trustees has four regularly scheduled meetings each year, and additional meetings may be scheduled as needed. In addition, the Board has a standing Audit Committee, Nominating Committee, Compensation Committee and Pricing and Valuation Committee that meet periodically and whose responsibilities are described below.

During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, the Board of Trustees held four regular meetings. Each Trustee attended at least 75% of the aggregate number of meetings of the Board and the committees for which he or she was eligible. The Fund does not have a formal policy regarding attendance by Trustees at annual meetings of shareholders.

Each of the Audit Committee, the Nominating Committee, Compensation Committee and Pricing and Valuation Committee is composed of all Trustees who have been determined not to be “interested persons” of the Fund, FTFA, Western Asset or their affiliates within the meaning of the 1940 Act, and who are “independent” as defined in the New York Stock Exchange listing standards (“Independent Trustees”), and is chaired by an Independent Trustee. The Board in its discretion from time to time may establish ad hoc committees.

 

47


The Board of Trustees is currently comprised of 10 directors, nine of whom are Independent Directors. Eileen Kamerick serves as Chair of the Board. Ms. Kamerick is an Independent Trustee. The appointment of Ms. Kamerick as Chair reflects the Board’s belief that her experience in business and finance, including financial reporting, and experience as a board member of a highly regulated financial services company, facilitates the efficient development of meeting agendas that address the Fund’s business, legal and other needs and the orderly conduct of board meetings. The Chair develops agendas for Board meetings and presides at all meetings of the Board. The Chair also leads executive sessions of the Independent Directors, serves as a spokesperson for the Independent Directors and serves as a liaison between the Independent Directors and the Fund’s management between Board meetings. The Independent Directors regularly meet outside the presence of management and are advised by independent legal counsel. The Board also has determined that its leadership structure, as described above, is appropriate in light of the size and complexity of the Fund, the number of Independent Directors (who constitute a super-majority of the Board’s membership) and the Board’s general oversight responsibility. The Board also believes that its leadership structure not only facilitates the orderly and efficient flow of information to the Independent Directors from management, including Western Asset, Western Asset London, Western Asset Japan and Western Asset Singapore, the Fund’s subadvisers, but also enhances the independent and orderly exercise of its responsibilities.

Audit Committee

The Fund’s Audit Committee is composed entirely of all of the Independent Trustees: Mses. Colman, Kamerick, Kumar and Sale and Messrs. Agdern, Cronin, Cucchi, Grillo and Mason. Ms. Kumar serves as the Chair of the Audit Committee and has been determined by the Board to be an “audit committee financial expert.” The principal functions of the Audit Committee are: to (a) assist Board oversight of (i) the integrity of the Fund’s financial reporting, (ii) the Fund’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (iii) the qualifications and independence of the Fund’s independent registered public accountants and (iv) the performance of the Fund’s internal audit function and independent registered public accountants; (b) approve, and recommend to the Independent Board Members (as such term is defined in the Audit Committee Charter) for their ratification, the selection, appointment, retention or termination of the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm, as well as approving the compensation thereof; (c) approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided to the Fund and certain other persons by the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm; and (d) prepare the report required to be prepared by the Audit Committee pursuant to the rules of the SEC for inclusion in the Fund’s annual Proxy Statement. This Committee met five times during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The Audit Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board, a copy of which is available on the Fund’s website at www.franklintempleton.com/investments/options/closed-end-funds and click on the name of the Fund.

Nominating Committee

The Fund’s Nominating Committee, the principal function of which is to select and nominate candidates for election as Trustees of the Fund, is composed of all of the Independent Trustees: Mses. Colman, Kamerick, Kumar and Sale and Messrs. Agdern, Cronin, Cucchi, Grillo and Mason. Mr. Cronin serves as the Chair of the Nominating Committee. The Nominating Committee may consider nominees recommended by the shareholders as it deems appropriate. Shareholders who wish to recommend a nominee should send recommendations to the Fund’s Secretary that include all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for the election of Trustees. A recommendation must be accompanied by a written consent of the individual to stand for election if nominated by the Board of Trustees and to serve if elected by the shareholders. The Nominating Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The Nominating Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board, a copy of which is available on the Fund’s website at www.franklintempleton.com/investments/options/closed-end-funds and click on the name of the Fund.

The Nominating Committee identifies potential nominees through its network of contacts, and in its discretion may also engage a professional search firm. The Nominating Committee meets to discuss and consider such candidates’ qualifications and then chooses a candidate by majority vote. The Nominating Committee has not established specific qualities or skills that it regards as necessary for one or more of the Fund’s Trustees to possess (other than any qualities or skills that may be required by applicable law, regulation or listing standard). However, as set forth in the Nominating Committee Charter, in evaluating a person as a potential nominee to serve as a Trustee of the Fund, the Nominating Committee may consider the following factors, among any others it may deem relevant:

   

whether or not the person is an “interested person” as defined in the 1940 Act and whether the person is otherwise qualified under applicable laws and regulations to serve as a Trustee of the Fund;

 

48


   

whether or not the person has any relationships that might impair his or her independence, such as any business, financial or family relationships with Fund management, the investment manager of the Fund, Fund service providers or their affiliates;

 

   

whether or not the person serves on boards of, or is otherwise affiliated with, competing financial service organizations or their related mutual fund complexes;

 

   

whether or not the person is willing to serve, and willing and able to commit the time necessary for the performance of the duties of a Trustee of the Fund;

 

   

the contribution which the person can make to the Board and the Fund (or, if the person has previously served as a Trustee of the Fund, the contribution which the person made to the Board during his or her previous term of service), with consideration being given to the person’s business and professional experience, education and such other factors as the Committee may consider relevant;

 

   

the character and integrity of the person; and

 

   

whether or not the selection and nomination of the person would be consistent with the requirements of the Fund’s retirement policies.

The Nominating Committee does not have a formal diversity policy with regard to the consideration of diversity in identifying potential trustee nominees but may consider diversity of professional experience, education and skills when evaluating potential nominees for Board membership.

Pricing and Valuation Committee

The Fund’s Pricing and Valuation Committee is composed of all of the Independent Trustees. The members of the Pricing and Valuation Committee Mses. Colman, Kamerick, Kumar and Sale and Messrs. Agdern, Cronin, Cucchi, Grillo and Mason. Ms. Colman serves as Chair of the Fund’s Pricing and Valuation Committee. The principal function of the Pricing and Valuation Committee is to assist the Board with its oversight of the process for valuing portfolio securities in light of applicable law, regulatory guidance and applicable policies and procedures adopted by the Fund. The Pricing and Valuation Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Compensation Committee

The Fund’s Compensation Committee is composed of all of the Independent Trustees. The members of the Compensation Committee are Mses. Colman, Kamerick, Kumar and Sale and Messrs. Agdern, Cronin, Cucchi, Grillo and Mason. Mr. Cucchi serves as Chair of the Fund’s Compensation Committee. The principal function of the Compensation Committee is to recommend the appropriate compensation of the Independent Trustees for their service on the Board and the committees of the Board. The Compensation Committee met once during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The Compensation Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board, a copy of which is available on the Fund’s website at www.franklintempleton.com/investments/options/closed-end-funds and click on the name of the Fund.

Risk Oversight

The Board’s role in risk oversight of the Fund reflects its responsibility under Maryland state law to oversee generally, rather than to manage, the operations of the Fund. In line with this oversight responsibility, the Board receives reports and makes inquiry at its regular meetings and as needed regarding the nature and extent of significant Fund risks (including investment, compliance and valuation risks) that potentially could have a materially adverse impact on the business operations, investment performance or reputation of the Fund, but relies upon the Fund’s management (including the Fund’s portfolio managers) and Chief Compliance Officer, who reports directly to the Board, and FTFA to assist it in identifying and understanding the nature and extent of such risks and determining whether, and to what extent, such risks may be eliminated or mitigated. In addition to reports and other

 

49


information received from Fund management and FTFA regarding the Fund’s investment program and activities, the Board as part of its risk oversight efforts meets at its regular meetings and as needed with the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer to discuss, among other things, risk issues and issues regarding the policies, procedures and controls of the Fund. The Board may be assisted in performing aspects of its role in risk oversight by the Audit Committee and such other standing or special committees as may be established from time to time by the Board. For example, the Audit Committee of the Board regularly meets with the Fund’s independent public accounting firm to review, among other things, reports on the Fund’s internal controls for financial reporting.

The Board believes that not all risks that may affect the Fund can be identified, that it may not be practical or cost-effective to eliminate or mitigate certain risks, that it may be necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve the Fund’s goals, and that the processes, procedures and controls employed to address certain risks may be limited in their effectiveness. Moreover, reports received by the Trustees as to risk management matters are typically summaries of relevant information and may be inaccurate or incomplete. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, the Board’s risk management oversight is subject to substantial limitations.

Security Ownership of Management

The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities as of December 31, 2023.

 

Name of Trustee    Dollar Range of Equity
     Securities in the Fund ($)     
   Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in All Registered
Investment Companies Overseen
by the Trustee in the Family of
     Investment Companies(1) ($)     

Non-Interested Trustees:

     

Robert D. Agdern

        A    D

Carol L. Colman

        A    E

Daniel P. Cronin

        A    E

Paolo M. Cucchi

        A    C

Eileen Kamerick

        A    E

Nisha Kumar

        A    A

Interested Trustee:

     

Jane Trust

        A    E

Key: A: none, B: $1-$10,000, C: $10,001-$50,000, D: $50,001-$100,000, E: over $100,000.

 

(1)

The term “family of investment companies” means any two or more registered investment companies that share the same investment adviser or principal underwriter or hold themselves out to investors as related companies for purposes of investment and investor services.

At December 31, 2023, the nominees, Trustees and officers of the Fund as a group beneficially owned less than 1% of the outstanding Common Shares.

No Trustee or nominee for election as Trustee who is not an “interested person” of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act, nor any immediate family members, to the best of the Fund’s knowledge, had any interest in the Fund’s investment adviser, or any person or entity (other than the Fund) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with Franklin Templeton as of December 31, 2023.

Trustee Compensation

Under the federal securities laws, and in connection with the Meeting, the Fund is required to provide to shareholders in connection with the Meeting information regarding compensation paid to the Trustees by the Fund, as well as by the various other investment companies advised by FTFA. The following table provides information concerning the compensation paid to each Trustee by the Fund during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 and the total compensation paid to each Trustee during the calendar year ended December 31, 2023. The Trustees listed below are members of the Fund’s Audit, Nominating, Compensation and Pricing and Valuation Committees, as well

 

50


as committees of the boards of certain other investment companies advised by FTFA. Accordingly, the amounts provided in the table include compensation for service on all such committees. The Fund does not provide any pension or retirement benefits to Trustees. In addition, no remuneration was paid during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 by the Fund to Ms. Trust who is an “interested person” as defined in the 1940 Act.

 

Name of Trustee

   Aggregate
Compensation from
the Fund for Fiscal
Period Ended 12/31/23
     Total Compensation
from the Fund and
Fund Complex(1) for
Calendar Year Ended
12/31/23
 

Independent Trustees(2)

     

Robert D. Agdern

   $ 26,426      $ 402,000  

Carol L. Colman

   $ 28,220      $ 332,000  

Daniel P. Cronin

   $ 27,772      $ 323,000  

Paolo M. Cucchi

   $ 26,426      $ 312,000  

Eileen A. Kamerick

   $ 31,360      $ 457,000  

Nisha Kumar

   $ 29,566      $ 435,000  

 

(1)

“Fund Complex” means two or more Funds (a registrant or, where the registrant is a series company, a separate portfolio of the registrant) that hold themselves out to investors as related companies for purposes of investment and investor services or have a common investment adviser or have an investment adviser that is an affiliated person of the investment adviser of any of the other Funds.

(2)

Each Non-Interested Director currently holds 16 investment company directorships within this Fund Complex.

Officers of the Fund

The Fund’s executive officers are elected each year at a regular meeting of the Board to hold office until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified. Officers of the Fund receive no compensation from the Fund, although they may be reimbursed by the Fund for reasonable out-of-pocket travel expenses for attending Board meetings. In addition to Ms. Trust, the Fund’s Chairman, CEO and President, the executive officers of the Fund currently are:

 

Name, Address and Age   

Position(s)

with Fund

  

Term of Office

and Length of

Time

Served

   Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years

Christopher Berarducci

Franklin Templeton

280 Park Avenue

8th Floor

New York, NY 10017

Birth year: 1974

   Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer    Since 2021    Vice President, Fund Administration and Reporting, Franklin Templeton (since 2020); Treasurer (since 2010) and Principal Financial Officer (since 2019) of certain funds associated with Legg Mason & Co. or its affiliates; formerly, Managing Director (2020), Director (2015 to 2020), and Vice President (2011 to 2015) of Legg Mason & Co.

Fred Jensen

Franklin Templeton

280 Park Avenue

New York, NY 10017

Birth Year: 1963

  

Chief

Compliance Officer

   Since 2021    Director - Global Compliance of Franklin Templeton (since 2020); Managing Director of Legg Mason & Co. (2006 to 2020); Director of Compliance, Legg Mason Office of the Chief Compliance Officer (2006 to 2020); formerly, Chief Compliance Officer of Legg Mason Global Asset Allocation (prior to 2014); Chief Compliance Officer of Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group (prior to 2013); formerly, Chief Compliance Officer of The Reserve Funds (investment adviser, funds and broker-dealer) (2004) and Ambac Financial Group (investment adviser, funds and broker-dealer) (2000 to 2003).

Marc A. De Oliveira

Franklin Templeton

100 First Stamford Place

Stamford, CT 06902

Birth year: 1971

  

Secretary and

Chief Legal Officer

   Since 2023    Associate General Counsel of Franklin Templeton (since 2020); Secretary and Chief Legal Officer of certain funds associated with Legg Mason & Co. or its affiliates (since 2020); Assistant Secretary of certain funds associated with Legg Mason & Co. or its affiliates (since 2006); formerly, Managing Director (2016 to 2020) and Associate General Counsel of Legg Mason & Co. (2005 to 2020).

Thomas C. Mandia

Franklin Templeton

100 First Stamford Place

Stamford, CT 06902

Birth Year: 1962

   Senior Vice President    Since 2022    Senior Associate General Counsel of Franklin Templeton (since 2020); Secretary of FTFA (since 2006); Assistant Secretary of certain funds associated with Legg Mason & Co. or its affiliates (since 2006); Secretary of LM Asset Services, LLC (“LMAS”) (since 2002) and Legg Mason Fund Asset Management, Inc. (“LMFAM”) (since 2013) (formerly registered investment advisers); formerly, Managing Director and Deputy

 

51


Name, Address and Age   

Position(s)

with Fund

  

Term of Office

and Length of

Time

Served

   Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
         General Counsel of Legg Mason & Co. (2005 to 2020) and Assistant Secretary of certain funds in the fund complex (2006 to 2022)

Jeanne M. Kelly

Franklin Templeton

280 Park Avenue

New York, NY 10017

Birth Year: 1951

   Senior Vice President    Since 2021    U.S. Fund Board Team Manager, Franklin Templeton (since 2020); Senior Vice President of certain funds associated with Legg Mason & Co. or its affiliates (since 2007); Senior Vice President of the Manager (since 2006); President and Chief Executive Officer of LMAS and LMFAM (since 2015); formerly, Managing Director of Legg Mason & Co. (since 2005 to 2020); Senior Vice President of LMFAM (2013 to 2015)

 

52


INVESTMENT MANAGER

Investment Manager and Subadvisers

The Fund retains FTFA to act as its investment manager. FTFA is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Templeton. FTFA serves as the investment manager to numerous individuals and institutions and other investment companies. The investment management agreement (the “Management Agreement”) between FTFA and the Fund provides that FTFA will manage the operations of the Fund, subject to the supervision, direction and approval of the Fund’s Board of Trustees and the objective and the policies stated in the Prospectus and this Statement of Additional Information.

Pursuant to the Management Agreement, FTFA manages the Fund’s investment portfolio, directs purchases and sales of portfolio securities and reports thereon to the Fund’s officers and Trustees regularly. FTFA also provides the office space, facilities, equipment and personnel necessary to perform the following services for the Fund: SEC compliance, including record keeping, reporting requirements and registration statements and proxies; supervision of Fund operations, including coordination of functions of the transfer agent, custodian, accountants, counsel and other parties performing services or operational functions for the Fund; and certain administrative and clerical services, including certain accounting services and maintenance of certain books and records.

Advisory Fee.

 

Fiscal Year or Period
Ended December 31,
   2023    2022    2021
The Fund paid FTFA
approximate fees of
    $12,749,220      $13,756,222      $ 7,368,333 

Pursuant to a subadvisory agreement, FTFA has delegated the day-to-day portfolio management of the Fund to Western Asset (the “Subadvisory Agreement”). Western Asset is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Templeton. Investment decisions for the Fund are made independently from those of other funds or accounts managed by Western Asset. Such other funds or accounts may also invest in the same securities as the Fund. If those funds or accounts are prepared to invest in, or desire to dispose of, the same security at the same time as the Fund, however, transactions in such securities will be made, insofar as feasible, for the respective funds and accounts in a manner deemed equitable to all. In some cases, this procedure may adversely affect the size of the position obtained for or disposed of by the Fund or the price paid or received by the Fund. In addition, because of different investment objectives, a particular security may be purchased for one or more funds or accounts when one or more funds or accounts are selling the same security.

In connection with Western Asset’s service to the Fund, Western Asset Management Company Limited in London (“Western Asset London”), Western Asset Management Company Pte. Ltd. in Singapore (“Western Asset Singapore”) and Western Asset Management Company Ltd. in Japan (“Western Asset Japan” and, together with Western Asset London and Western Asset Singapore, the “Non-U.S. Subadvisers”) will provide certain subadvisory services to the Fund pursuant to subadvisory agreements with each of Western Asset London, Western Asset Japan and Western Asset London (collectively, the “Non-U.S. Subadvisory Agreements”).

Western Asset London, Western Asset Singapore and Western Asset London are responsible, generally, for managing Asian (excluding Japan), Japanese, and global and non-U.S. dollar fixed income mandates, respectively.

Western Asset London was founded in 1984 and has offices at 10 Exchange Square, Primrose Street, London EC2A2EN. Western Asset Singapore was established in 2000 and has offices at 1 George Street #23-01, Singapore 049145. Western Asset Japan was founded in 1991 and has offices at 36F Shin-Marunouchi Building, 5-1 Marunouchi 1-Chome Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 100-6536, Japan.

Western Asset will pay each of Western Asset London, Western Asset Singapore and Western Asset Japan a fee for its services at no additional expense to the Fund. Each of the Non-U.S. Subadvisers will receive a fee from Western Asset payable monthly, in an amount equal to 0.56% of the Fund’s average daily net assets related to the Fund’s assets that Western Asset allocates to each of the Non-U.S. Subadvisers.

 

53


Each of the Management Agreement, the Subadvisory Agreement and the Non-U.S. Subadvisory Agreements have an initial term of two years and continue in effect from year to year thereafter if such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the Fund’s Board or by a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and in either event, by a majority of the disinterested Trustees of the Board with such disinterested Trustees casting votes in person at a meeting called for such purpose. The Board or the holders of a majority of the Fund’s shares may terminate the Management Agreement on sixty days’ written notice without penalty and FTFA may terminate the agreement on ninety days’ written notice without penalty. The Management Agreement terminates automatically in the event of an assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act). The Subadvisory Agreement may be terminated without penalty by the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, in each case on not more than 60 days’ nor less than 30 days’ written notice to Western Asset, or by Western Asset upon not less than 90 days’ written notice to the Fund and FTFA, and will be terminated upon the mutual written consent of FTFA and Western Asset. The Subadvisory Agreement terminates automatically in the event of an assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).

Each of the Non-U.S. Subadvisory Agreements may be terminated without penalty by the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, in each case on not more than 60 days’ nor less than 30 days’ written notice to the Non U.S. Subadviser, or by the Non-U.S. Subadviser upon not less than 90 days’ written notice to the Fund and Western Asset, and will be terminated upon the mutual written consent of Western Asset and the Non-U.S. Subadviser. Each of the Non-U.S. Subadvisory Agreements terminates automatically in the event of an assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).

Under the terms of the Management Agreement, the Subadvisory Agreement and the Non-U.S. Subadvisory Agreements, none of FTFA, Western Asset and the Non-U.S. Subadvisers, respectively, will be liable for losses or damages incurred by the Fund, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of FTFA, Western Asset or the Non-U.S. Subadvisers, as the case may be, or from reckless disregard by them of their obligations and duties under the relevant agreement.

Each of Western Asset London, Western Asset Singapore and Western Asset Japan is a corporation organized under the laws of England, Singapore and Japan, respectively. Each of the Non-U.S. Subadvisers is registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended and has irrevocably designated the Secretary of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, as its agent to accept service of process in any suit, action or proceeding to enforce the provisions of U.S. securities laws. There can be no assurance that the Non-U.S. Subadvisers will have any assets in the United States that could be attached in connection with any action, suit or proceeding. In addition, it may not be possible to enforce judgments of U.S. courts or liabilities in original actions predicated upon civil liability provisions of U.S. law in foreign courts against any of the Non-U.S. Subadvisers.

Codes of Ethics

Pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act, the Fund, FTFA, Western Asset, and the Non-U.S. Subadvisers have each adopted codes of ethics that permit their respective personnel to invest in securities for their own accounts, including securities that may be purchased or held by a Fund. All personnel must place the interests of clients first and avoid activities, interests and relationships that might interfere with the duty to make decisions in the best interests of the clients. All personal securities transactions by employees must adhere to the requirements of the codes and must be conducted in such a manner as to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest, the appearance of such a conflict, or the abuse of an employee’s position of trust and responsibility.

When personnel covered by the Fund’s Code of Ethics are employed by more than one of the managers affiliated with Franklin Templeton, those employees may be subject to such affiliate’s Code of Ethics adopted pursuant to Rule 17j-1, rather than the Fund’s Code of Ethics.

Copies of the Codes of Ethics of the Fund, FTFA, Western Asset, and the Non-U.S. Subadvisers are on file with the SEC. These Codes of Ethics can be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information relating to the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090. Such materials are also available on EDGAR on the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov). You may also e-mail requests for these documents to publicinfo@sec.gov, or make a request in writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549-0102.

 

54


Proxy Voting Policies

Although individual Trustees may not agree with particular policies or votes by FTFA or Western Asset, the Fund’s Board has delegated proxy voting discretion to FTFA and/or Western Asset, believing that FTFA and/or Western Asset should be responsible for voting because it is a matter relating to the investment decision making process.

FTFA delegates the responsibility for voting proxies for the Fund to Western Asset through its contracts with Western Asset. Western Asset will use its own proxy voting policies and procedures to vote proxies. Accordingly, FTFA does not expect to have proxy voting responsibility for the Fund. Should FTFA become responsible for voting proxies for any reason, such as the inability of Western Asset to provide investment advisory services, FTFA shall utilize the proxy voting guidelines established by the most recent subadviser to vote proxies until a new subadviser is retained. In the case of a material conflict between the interests of FTFA (or its affiliates if such conflict is known to persons responsible for voting at FTFA) and the Fund, the Board of Trustees of FTFA shall consider how to address the conflict and/or how to vote the proxies. FTFA shall maintain records of all proxy votes in accordance with applicable securities laws and regulations, to the extent that FTFA votes proxies. FTFA shall be responsible for gathering relevant documents and records related to proxy voting from Western Asset and providing them to the Fund as required for the Fund to comply with applicable rules under the 1940 Act.

FTFA’s proxy voting policy governs in determining how proxies relating to the Fund’s portfolio securities are voted and is attached as Appendix B hereto. Western Asset’s proxy voting policy is attached as Appendix C hereto. The proxy voting policies of Western London, Western Singapore and Western Asset Japan are attached hereto as Appendix D, E and F, respectively. Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies (if any) relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 will be available without charge (1) by calling 888-425-6432, (2) on the Fund’s website at http://www.franklintempleton.com/investments/options/closed-end-funds and (3) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov on Form N-PX.

 

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PORTFOLIO MANAGERS

The following tables set forth certain additional information with respect to the fund’s investment professionals for the Fund. Unless noted otherwise, all information is provided as of December 31, 2023.

The table below identifies the number of accounts (other than the Fund) for which the Fund’s investment professionals have day-to-day management responsibilities and the total assets in such accounts, within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles, and other accounts. For each category, the number of accounts and total assets in the accounts where fees are based on performance is also indicated.

 

Name of Portfolio Manager  

  

Type of Account

   Number of
Accounts
Managed
   Total Assets
Managed
   Number of
Accounts
Managed for
which Advisory
Fee is
Performance-
Based
   Assets Managed
for which
Advisory Fee is
Performance-
Based

Michael C. Buchanan ‡

   Other Registered Investment Companies    32    $15.30 billion    None    None
   Other Pooled Vehicles    55    $18.68 billion    7    $1.46 billion
   Other Accounts    148    $58.25 billion    6    $1.61 billion

Greg E. Handler ‡

   Other Registered Investment    4    $2.08 billion    None    None
   Companies    13    $3.75 billion    2    $165 million
   Other Pooled Vehicles    8    $2.96 billion    2    $840 million
   Other Accounts            

Christopher Kilpatrick ‡

   Other Registered Investment Companies    7    $1.96 billion    None    None
   Other Pooled Vehicles    6    $503 million    3    $330 million
   Other Accounts    None    None    None    None

Annabel Rudebeck‡

   Other Registered Investment Companies    8    $5.33 billion    None    None
   Other Pooled Vehicles    21    $5.35 billion    None    None
   Other Accounts    23    $8.08 billion    1    $170 million

Rafael Zielonka‡

   Other Registered Investment Companies    5    $4.29 billion    None    None
   Other Pooled Vehicles    5    $1.61 billion    None    None
   Other Accounts    5    $1.28 billion    None    None

 

The numbers above reflect the overall number of portfolios managed by employees of Western Asset Management Company, LLC (“Western Asset”). Western Asset’s investment discipline emphasizes a team approach that combines the efforts of groups of specialists working in different market sectors. They are responsible for overseeing implementation of Western Asset’s overall investment ideas and coordinating the work of the various sector teams. This structure ensures that client portfolios benefit from a consensus that draws on the expertise of all team members.

Investment Professional Compensation Structure

With respect to the compensation of the Fund’s investment professionals, Western Asset’s compensation system assigns each employee a total compensation range, which is derived from annual market surveys that benchmark each role with its job function and peer universe. This method is designed to reward employees with total compensation reflective of the external market value of their skills, experience and ability to produce desired results. Standard compensation includes competitive base salaries, generous employee benefits and a retirement plan.

In addition, Western Asset’s employees are eligible for bonuses. These are structured to closely align the interests of employees with those of Western Asset, and are determined by the professional’s job function and pre-tax performance as measured by a formal review process. All bonuses are completely discretionary. The principal factor considered is an investment professional’s investment performance versus appropriate peer groups and

 

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benchmarks (i.e., a securities index and with respect to the Fund, the benchmark set forth in the Fund’s Prospectus to which the Fund’s average annual total returns are compared or, if none, the benchmark set forth in the Fund’s annual report). Performance is reviewed on a one-, three- and five-year basis for compensation—with three and five years having a larger emphasis. Western Asset may also measure an investment professional’s pre-tax investment performance against other benchmarks, as it determines appropriate. Because investment professionals are generally responsible for multiple accounts (including the Fund) with similar investment strategies, they are generally compensated on the performance of the aggregate group of similar accounts, rather than a specific account. Other factors that may be considered when making bonus decisions include client service, business development, length of service to Western Asset, management or supervisory responsibilities, contributions to developing business strategy and overall contributions to Western Asset’s business.

Finally, in order to attract and retain top talent, all investment professionals are eligible for additional incentives in recognition of outstanding performance. These are determined based upon the factors described above and include long-term incentives that vest over a set period of time past the award date.

Potential Conflicts of Interest

Potential conflicts of interest may arise when the fund’s portfolio managers also have day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to one or more other funds or other accounts, as is the case for the fund’s portfolio managers.

Western Asset and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address various conflicts of interest that may arise for Western Asset and the individuals that each employs. For example, the manager and Western Asset each seek to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. Western Asset has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by Western Asset and the fund will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear. These potential conflicts include:

Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts. As a result, the portfolio manager may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as might be the case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management of a single fund. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts overseen by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities. If a portfolio manager identifies an investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds and/or accounts, the opportunity may be allocated among these several funds or accounts, which may limit a fund’s ability to take full advantage of the investment opportunity.

Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds and/or accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the funds and/or accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other funds and/or accounts.

Selection of Broker/Dealers. In addition to executing trades, some broker/dealers provide brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act), which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might have otherwise been available. These services may be more beneficial to certain funds or accounts than to others. For this reason, Western Asset has formed a brokerage committee that reviews, among other things, the allocation of brokerage to broker/dealers, best execution and soft dollar usage.

 

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Variation in Compensation. A conflict of interest may arise where the financial or other benefits available to the portfolio manager differ among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages. If the structure of the manager’s management fee (and the percentage paid to Western Asset) and/or the portfolio manager’s compensation differs among funds and/or accounts (such as where certain funds or accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio manager might be motivated to help certain funds and/or accounts over others. The portfolio manager might be motivated to favor funds and/or accounts in which he or she has an interest or in which the manager and/or its affiliates have interests. Similarly, the desire to maintain assets under management or to enhance the portfolio manager’s performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence the portfolio manager in affording preferential treatment to those funds and/or accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager.

Portfolio Manager Securities Ownership

The table below identifies the dollar range of securities beneficially owned by each investment professional as of December 31, 2023.

 

Portfolio Manager

      Dollar Range of Securities   
Beneficially Owned ($)

Michael C. Buchanan

   E

Greg E. Handler

   A

Christopher Kilpatrick

   A

Annabel Rudebeck

   A

Rafael Zielonka

   A

 

Dollar Range ownership is as follows:

A: none

B: $1 - $10,000

C: 10,001 - $50,000

D: $50,001 - $100,000

E: $100,001 - $500,000

F: $500,001 - $1 million

G: over $1 million

 

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PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

The Fund does not have an obligation to deal with any brokers or dealers in the execution of transactions in portfolio securities. Subject to policy established by the Board of Trustees, Western Asset is responsible for the Fund’s portfolio decisions and the placing of the Fund’s portfolio transactions.

Portfolio securities normally will be purchased or sold from or to dealers serving as market makers for the securities at a net price, which may include dealer spreads and underwriting commissions. In placing orders, it is the policy of the Fund to obtain the best results taking into account the general execution and operational facilities of the broker or dealer, the type of transaction involved and other factors such as the risk of the broker or dealer in positioning the securities involved. While FTFA, Western Asset and the Non-U.S. Subadvisers generally seek the best price in placing orders, the Fund may not necessarily be paying the lowest price available. Subject to seeking the best price and execution, securities firms which provide supplemental research to FTFA, Western Asset or the Non-U.S. Subadvisers may receive orders for transactions by the Fund. Information so received will be in addition to and not in lieu of the services required to be performed by FTFA, Western Asset or Western Asset Limited under the Management Agreement, Subadvisory Agreement or Non-U.S. Subadvisory Agreements, and the expenses of FTFA, Western Asset or Non-U.S. Subadvisers will not necessarily be reduced as a result of the receipt of such supplemental information.

The Fund expects that all portfolio transactions will be effected on a principal basis and, accordingly, does not expect to pay any brokerage commissions. To the extent the Fund does effect brokerage transactions, affiliated persons (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, or affiliated persons of such persons, may from time to time be selected to perform brokerage services for the Fund, subject to the considerations discussed above, but are prohibited by the 1940 Act from dealing with the Fund as principal in the purchase or sale of securities. In order for such an affiliated person to be permitted to effect any portfolio transactions for the Fund, the commissions, fees or other remuneration received by such affiliated person must be reasonable and fair compared to the commissions, fees or other remuneration received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold during a comparable period of time. This standard would allow such an affiliated person to receive no more than the remuneration which would be expected to be received by an unaffiliated broker in a commensurate arm’s-length transaction.

Investment decisions for the Fund are made independently from those for other funds and accounts advised or managed by FTFA, Western Asset or the Non-U.S. Subadvisers or their affiliates. Such other funds and accounts may also invest in the same securities as the Fund. When a purchase or sale of the same security is made at substantially the same time on behalf of the Fund and another fund or account, the transaction will be averaged as to price, and available investments allocated as to amount, in a manner which FTFA, Western Asset or the Non-U.S. Subadvisers believes to be equitable to the Fund and such other fund or account. In some instances, this investment procedure may adversely affect the price paid or received by the Fund or the size of the position obtained or sold by the Fund. To the extent permitted by law, FTFA, Western Asset or the Non-U.S. Subadvisers may aggregate the securities to be sold or purchased for the Fund with those to be sold or purchased for other funds and accounts in order to obtain best execution.

Although the Fund does not have any restrictions on portfolio turnover, it is not the Fund’s policy to engage in transactions with the objective of seeking profits from short-term trading. It is expected that the annual portfolio turnover rate of the Fund will not exceed 100%. The portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of sales or purchases of portfolio securities by the average monthly value of the Fund’s portfolio securities. For purposes of this calculation, portfolio securities exclude all securities having a maturity when purchased of one year or less. A high rate of portfolio turnover involves correspondingly greater transaction costs than a lower rate, which costs are borne by the Fund and their shareholders.

 

59


NET ASSET VALUE

The Fund determines the net asset value of its Common Shares on each day the NYSE is open for business, as of the close of the customary trading session (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time), or any earlier closing time that day. The Fund determines the net asset value per Common Share by dividing the value of the Fund’s securities, cash and other assets (including the value of derivatives and interest accrued but not collected) less all its liabilities (including accrued expenses, the liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred shares and dividends payable) by the total number of shares of Common Shares outstanding. Securities are valued at the mean between the last quoted bid and asked prices provided by an independent pricing service that are based on transactions in corporate fixed income securities, quotations from corporate bond dealers, market transactions in comparable securities and various other relationships between securities. The Fund values portfolio securities for which market quotations are readily available at the last reported sales price or official closing price on the primary market or exchange on which they trade. Under the Fund’s valuation policies and procedures, the Fund values its short-term investments at amortized cost when the security has 60 days or less to maturity which the Board of Trustees believes under normal circumstances represents the fair value of those securities. Determination of each Common Share’s net asset value is made in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

The Fund values all other securities and assets at their fair value. If events occur that materially affect the value of a security between the time trading ends on the security and the close of the customary trading session of the NYSE, the Fund may value the security at its fair value as determined in good faith by or under the supervision of the Board of Trustees. The effect of using fair value pricing is that each Common Share’s net asset value will be subject to the judgment of the Board of Trustees or its designee instead of being determined by the market.

Any swap transaction that the Fund enters into may, depending on the applicable interest rate environment, have a positive or negative value for purposes of calculating net asset value. Any cap transaction that the Fund enters into may, depending on the applicable interest rate environment, have no value or a positive value. In addition, accrued payments to the Fund under such transactions will be assets of the Fund and accrued payments by the Fund will be liabilities of the Fund.

 

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GENERAL INFORMATION

Certain Provisions in the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws

The Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could limit the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund. These provisions could have the effect of depriving Common Shareholders of opportunities to sell their Common Shares at a premium over the then-current market price of the Common Shares. As described more completely in the Prospectus, the Charter divides the Directors into three classes of approximately equal size. As a result of this staggered structure of the Board of Trustees, it would take a minimum of two years for other entities or groups of persons to gain a majority of seats on the Board of Trustees. In addition, the Bylaws require that shareholders provide advance notice to the Fund in order to nominate candidates for election to the Board or to bring proposals before the annual meeting of shareholders. This prevents other entities or groups of persons from nominating Trustees or raising proposals during an annual meeting of shareholders unless they have provided such advance notice to the Fund.

 

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REPURCHASE OF FUND COMMON SHARES; CONVERSION TO AN OPEN-END FUND

Although it is under no obligation to do so, the Fund reserves the right to repurchase the Common Shares on the open market in accordance with the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. Subject to its investment limitations, the Fund may borrow to finance the repurchase of shares or to make a tender offer. Interest on any borrowings to finance Common Share repurchase transactions or the accumulation of cash by the Fund in anticipation of Common Share repurchases or tenders will reduce the Fund’s net income. Any Common Share repurchase, tender offer or borrowing that might be approved by the Board of Trustees would also have to comply with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.

The repurchase by the Fund of shares of its Common Shares at prices below net asset value may result in an increase in the net asset value of those shares that remain outstanding. However, there can be no assurance that Common Share repurchases or tenders at or below net asset value will result in the Fund’s Common Shares trading at a price equal to their net asset value. In addition, a purchase by the Fund of its Common Shares will decrease the Fund’s total assets, which would likely have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio.

If the Fund converted to an open-end investment company, the Common Shares would no longer be listed on the NYSE. In contrast to a closed-end investment company, shareholders of an open-end investment company may require the company to redeem their shares at any time (except in certain circumstances as authorized by the 1940 Act or the rules thereunder) at their net asset value, less any redemption charge that is in effect at the time of redemption. In order to avoid maintaining large cash positions or liquidating favorable investments to meet redemptions, open-end investment companies typically engage in a continuous offering of their shares. Open-end investment companies are thus subject to periodic asset in-flows and out-flows that can complicate portfolio management.

 

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CERTAIN UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

Set forth below is a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax aspects concerning the Fund and the purchase, ownership and disposition of Common Shares. This discussion does not purport to be complete or to deal with all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to shareholders in light of their particular circumstances. Unless otherwise noted, this discussion applies only to U.S. shareholders that hold Common Shares as capital assets. A U.S. shareholder is a Common Shareholder who is for U.S. federal income tax purposes (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a U.S. corporation, (iii) a trust if it (a) is subject to the primary supervision of a court in the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) has made a valid election to be treated as a U.S. person, or (iv) any estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source. This discussion is based upon present provisions of the Code, the regulations promulgated thereunder, and judicial and administrative ruling authorities, all of which are subject to change, or differing interpretations (possibly with retroactive effect). This discussion does not represent a detailed description of the U.S. federal income tax consequences relevant to special classes of taxpayers including, without limitation, financial institutions, insurance companies, partnerships or other pass-through entities (or investors therein), U.S. shareholders whose “functional currency” is not the U.S. dollar, tax-exempt organizations, dealers in securities or currencies, traders in securities that elect mark to market treatment, or persons that will hold Common Shares as a position in a “straddle,” “hedge” or as part of a “constructive sale” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, this discussion does not address U.S. federal estate or gift taxes, the application of the Medicare tax on net investment income or U.S. federal alternative minimum tax considerations.

Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors with regard to the U.S. federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership, or disposition of Common Shares, as well as the tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, foreign country or other taxing jurisdiction.

Taxation of the Fund

The Fund has elected to be treated, and intends to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Code.

To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment generally accorded to RICs, the Fund must, among other things: (i) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from (a) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies; and (b) net income derived from interests in certain publicly traded partnerships that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and that derive less than 90% of their gross income from the items described in (a) above (each a “Qualified Publicly Traded Partnership”); and (ii) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of each taxable year, (a) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. government securities, the securities of other RICs and other securities, with such other securities limited, with respect to any one issuer, to an amount not greater in value than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets, and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by the securities (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other RICs) of (I) any one issuer, (II) any two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or (III) any one or more Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships.

If the Fund fails to satisfy as of the close of any quarter the asset diversification test referred to in the preceding paragraph, it will have 30 days to cure the failure by, for example, selling securities that are the source of the violation. Other cure provisions are available in the Code for a failure to satisfy the asset diversification test, but any such cure provision may involve the payment of a penalty excise tax.

As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code, but determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), if any, that it distributes in each taxable year to its shareholders, provided that it distributes at least 90% of the sum of its investment company taxable income and its net tax-exempt income for such taxable year. The Fund intends to distribute to its shareholders, at least annually, substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain.

 

63


Amounts not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a calendar year distribution requirement are subject to a nondeductible 4% U.S. federal excise tax. To prevent imposition of the excise tax, the Fund must distribute during each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary income (not taking into account any capital gains or losses) for the calendar year, (ii) 98.2% of its capital gains in excess of its capital losses (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for the one-year period ending October 31 of the calendar year, and (iii) any ordinary income and capital gains for previous years that were not distributed during those years. For these purposes, the Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gains on which it paid U.S. federal income tax.

Although dividends generally will be treated as distributed when paid, dividends declared in October, November or December, payable to shareholders of record on a specified date in one of those months, and paid during the following January, will be treated as having been distributed by the Fund (and received by shareholders) on December 31 of the year in which declared.

If the Fund failed to qualify as a RIC or failed to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement in any taxable year, the Fund would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income (including distributions of net capital gain), even if such income were distributed to its shareholders, and all distributions out of earnings and profits would be taxed to shareholders as ordinary dividend income. Such distributions generally would be eligible (i) to be treated as “qualified dividend income” in the case of individual and other non-corporate shareholders and (ii) for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (which could be subject to interest charges) before requalifying for taxation as a RIC.

Distributions

Distributions to Common Shareholders by the Fund of ordinary income and of net short-term capital gains, if any, realized by the Fund will generally be taxable to Common Shareholders as ordinary income to the extent such distributions are paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions, if any, of net capital gains properly reported as “capital gain dividends” will be taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of the length of time the Common Shareholder has owned Common Shares. A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) will be treated by a Common Shareholder as a return of capital which will be applied against and reduce the Common Shareholder’s basis in its Common Shares. To the extent that the amount of any such distribution exceeds the Common Shareholder’s basis in its Common Shares, the excess will be treated by the Common Shareholder as gain from a sale or exchange of the Common Shares. Distributions paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations or for the reduced rates applicable to certain qualified dividend income received by non-corporate Common Shareholders.

Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in cash or invested in additional Common Shares pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Common Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional Common Shares will be treated as receiving a distribution in the amount of cash that they would have received if they had elected to receive the distribution in cash, unless the Fund issues additional Common Shares with a fair market value equal to or greater than net asset value, in which case such Common Shareholders will be treated as receiving a distribution in the amount of the fair market value of the distributed Common Shares. The additional Common Shares received by a Common Shareholder pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan will have a new holding period commencing on the day following the day on which the Common Shares are credited to the Common Shareholder’s account.

The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain or a portion thereof for investment and be taxed at corporate rates on the amount retained. In such case, the Fund may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a written notice to its shareholders, who will be treated as if each received a distribution of his pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each Common Shareholder will (i) be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, (ii) receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain and (iii) increase the tax basis for its Common Shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.

The IRS currently requires that a RIC that has two or more classes of stock allocate to each such class proportionate amounts of each type of its income (such as ordinary income and capital gains) based upon the percentage of total dividends paid to each class for the tax year. Accordingly, if the Fund issues Preferred Shares,

 

64


the Fund intends to allocate capital gain dividends, if any, between its Common Shares and Preferred Shares in proportion to the total dividends paid to each class with respect to such tax year.

Shareholders will be notified annually as to the U.S. federal tax status of distributions.

Sale or Exchange of Common Shares

Upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares (including upon termination of the Fund, but except pursuant to a repurchase by the Fund, as described below), a Common Shareholder will generally realize a capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the Common Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the Common Shares. Such gain or loss will be long-term or short-term, depending upon the Common Shareholder’s holding period for the Common Shares. Generally, a Common Shareholder’s gain or loss will be a long-term gain or loss if the Common Shares have been held for more than one year. For non-corporate taxpayers, long-term capital gains are currently eligible for reduced rates of taxation.

No loss will be allowed on the sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares if the owner acquires (including pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan) or enters into a contract or option to acquire securities that are substantially identical to such Common Shares within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the securities acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss. Losses realized by a Common Shareholder on the sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares held for six months or less are treated as long-term capital losses to the extent of any distribution of long-term capital gain received (or amounts designated as undistributed capital gains) with respect to such Common Shares.

The Fund may offer to repurchase its outstanding Common Shares pursuant to an Eligible Tender Offer or another repurchase offer. Common Shareholders who tender all Common Shares held, or considered to be held, by them (and do not own any Preferred Shares) will be treated as having sold their shares and generally will realize a capital gain or loss. If a Common Shareholder tenders fewer than all of its Common Shares or fewer than all Common Shares tendered are repurchased, such Common Shareholder may be treated as having received a taxable dividend upon the repurchase of its Common Shares. In such a case, there is a risk that non-tendering Common Shareholders, and Common Shareholders who tender some but not all of their Common Shares or fewer than all of whose Common Shares are repurchased, in each case whose percentage interests in the Fund increase as a result of such tender, will be treated as having received a taxable distribution from the Fund. The extent of such risk will vary depending upon the particular circumstances of the repurchase offer, and in particular whether such offer is a single and isolated event or is part of a plan for periodically redeeming Common Shares of the Fund.

Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to Common Shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

Nature of the Fund’s Investments

Certain of the Fund’s investment practices are subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (i) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (ii) convert lower-taxed long-term capital gain into higher-taxed short-term capital gain or ordinary income, (iii) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss (the deductibility of which is more limited), (iv) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (v) adversely affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (vi) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions and (vii) produce income that will not be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the 90% gross income test described above.

These rules could therefore affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to Common Shareholders and the Fund’s status as a RIC. The Fund will monitor its transactions and may make certain tax elections in order to mitigate the effect of these provisions.

Below Investment Grade Instruments

 

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The Fund expects to invest a portion of its Managed Assets in below investment grade (high yield) instruments, commonly known as “high yield” instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund, to the extent necessary, to preserve its status as a RIC and to distribute sufficient income to not become subject to U.S. federal income tax.

Original Issue Discount

Investments by the Fund in debt obligations that are treated under applicable tax rules as having original issue discount (such as zero coupon securities, debt instruments with “payment in kind” or PIK interest, step-up bonds or other discount securities) will result in income to the Fund equal to the accrued original issue discount each year during which the Fund holds the securities, even if the Fund receives no cash interest payments. If the Fund purchases debt instruments as part of a package of investments where the Fund also invests in common shares, other equity securities or warrants, the Fund might be required to accrue original issue discount in an amount equal to the value of such common shares, other equity securities or warrants (even if the face amount of such debt instruments does not exceed the Fund’s purchase price for such package of investments). Any original issue discount might reflect doubt as to whether the entire principal amount of a debt obligation will ultimately prove to be collectible. The Fund will, however, generally be required to recognize original issue discount based on the assumption that all future projected payments due on such debt obligation will be made. Original issue discount is included in determining the amount of income which the Fund must distribute to maintain its qualification for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment generally accorded to RICs and to avoid the payment of U.S. federal income tax and the nondeductible 4% U.S. federal excise tax. Because such income may not be matched by a corresponding cash distribution to the Fund, the Fund may be required to borrow money or dispose of other securities to be able to make distributions to its shareholders.

Market Discount Securities

In general, the Fund will be treated as having acquired a debt instrument with market discount if it is acquired in the secondary market (and not upon original issue) and its stated redemption price at maturity (or, in the case of a debt instrument issued with original issue discount, its revised issue price) exceeds the Fund’s initial tax basis in the debt instrument by an amount equal to or greater than a statutory de minimis amount. The discount at which debt instruments are acquired may reflect doubts about their ultimate collectability rather than current market interest rates. The amount of such discount (other than de minimis discount) will nevertheless generally be treated as market discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Market discount on a debt instrument accrues ratably on a daily basis, unless an election is made to accrue market discount on the basis of the constant yield to maturity of the debt instrument, in each case based generally on the assumption that all future payments on the debt instrument will be made. The Fund has made an election to include accrued market discount in income on a current basis, and accrued market discount for a debt instrument will generally have to be included in income each year as if the debt instrument were assured of ultimately being collected in full. Accrued market discount is included in determining the amount of income which the Fund must distribute to maintain its qualification for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment generally accorded to RICs and to avoid the payment of U.S. federal income tax and the nondeductible 4% U.S. federal excise tax. Because such income may not be matched by a corresponding cash distribution to the Fund, the Fund may be required to borrow money or dispose of other securities to be able to make distributions to its shareholders.

Stock Dividends

In certain circumstances, the Fund may make distributions of its Common Shares to satisfy the distribution requirements necessary to maintain the Fund’s status as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes and to avoid U.S. federal income and excise taxes. Under IRS Revenue Procedure 2017-45, the Fund may distribute taxable dividends that are payable in cash and Common Shares at the election of each Common Shareholder, with up to 80% of the aggregate of any taxable dividends payable in the Fund’s Common Shares and the 20% or greater balance paid in cash. Common Shareholders receiving such dividends will be required to include the full amount of the dividends as taxable income to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, Common Shareholders may be required to pay U.S. federal income taxes with respect to such dividends in excess of the cash dividends received. It is unclear whether and to what extent the

 

66


Fund will be able to pay taxable dividends in cash and Common Shares (whether pursuant to Revenue Procedure 2017-45 or otherwise).

Currency Fluctuations

Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such income or receivables or pays such liabilities are generally treated as ordinary income or loss. Similarly, gains or losses on foreign currency, foreign currency forward contracts, certain foreign currency options or futures contracts and the disposition of debt securities denominated in foreign currency, to the extent attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the acquisition and disposition dates, are also treated as ordinary income or loss.

Foreign Taxes

The Fund’s investment in non-U.S. securities may be subject to non-U.S. withholding taxes. In that case, the Fund’s yield on those securities would be decreased. Shareholders will generally not be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes paid by the Fund.

Preferred Shares or Borrowing

If the Fund utilizes leverage through the issuance of Preferred Shares or borrowings, it may be restricted by certain covenants with respect to the declaration of, and payment of, dividends on Common Shares in certain circumstances. Limits on the Fund’s payments of dividends on Common Shares may prevent the Fund from meeting the distribution requirements described above, and may, therefore, jeopardize the Fund’s qualification for taxation as a RIC and possibly subject the Fund to the 4% excise tax. The Fund will endeavor to avoid restrictions on its ability to make dividend payments.

Backup Withholding

The Fund may be required to withhold from all distributions and repurchase proceeds payable to U.S. shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification numbers or to make required certifications, or who have been notified by the IRS that they are subject to backup withholding. Certain shareholders specified in the Code generally are exempt from such backup withholding. This backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be refunded or credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

Foreign Shareholders

U.S. taxation of a shareholder who is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate or a foreign corporation, as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes (a “foreign shareholder”), depends on whether the income from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by the shareholder.

If the income from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by the foreign shareholder, distributions of investment company taxable income (whether paid in cash or Common Shares) will be subject to a U.S. tax of 30% (or lower treaty rate), which tax is generally withheld from such distributions. However, dividends paid by the Fund that are “interest-related dividends” or “short-term capital gain dividends” will generally be exempt from such withholding, in each case to the extent the Fund properly reports such dividends to shareholders. For these purposes, interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends generally represent distributions of interest or short-term capital gains that would not have been subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at the source if received directly by a foreign shareholder, and that satisfy certain other requirements. A foreign shareholder whose income from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business would generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax on capital gain dividends, any amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares. However, a foreign shareholder who is a nonresident alien individual and is physically present in the United States for more than 182 days during the taxable year and meets certain other requirements will nevertheless be subject to a U.S. tax of 30% on such capital gain dividends, undistributed capital gains and gains realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares.

If the income from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a foreign shareholder, then distributions of investment company taxable income, any capital gain dividends, any amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale,

 

67


exchange or other disposition of Common Shares will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the regular rates applicable to U.S. citizens, residents or domestic corporations. Foreign corporate shareholders may also be subject to the branch profits tax imposed by the Code.

Very generally, special tax rules would apply if the Fund holds “United States real property interests” (“USRPIs”) (or if the Fund holds assets that would be treated as USRPIs but for certain exceptions applicable to RICs) the fair market value of which equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market values of the Fund’s USRPIs, interests in real property located outside the United States, and other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. Such rules could result in U.S. tax withholding from certain distributions to foreign shareholders. Furthermore, such shareholders may be required to file a U.S. tax return and pay tax on such distributions—and, in certain cases, gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares—at regular U.S. federal income tax rates. The Fund does not expect to invest in a significant percentage of USRPIs, so these special tax rules are not likely to apply.

The Fund may be required to withhold from distributions to foreign shareholders that are otherwise exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax (or taxable at a reduced treaty rate) unless the foreign shareholder certifies its foreign status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establishes an exemption.

The tax consequences to a foreign shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty may differ from those described herein. Foreign shareholders are advised to consult their own tax advisers with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund.

Additional Withholding Requirements

Under Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code (such Sections commonly referred to as “FATCA”), a 30% U.S. federal withholding tax may apply to any dividends that the Fund pays to (i) a “foreign financial institution” (as specifically defined in the Code), whether such foreign financial institution is the beneficial owner or an intermediary, unless such foreign financial institution agrees to verify, report and disclose its “United States account” holders (as specifically defined in the Code) and meets certain other specified requirements or (ii) a non-financial foreign entity, whether such non-financial foreign entity is the beneficial owner or an intermediary, unless such entity provides a certification that the beneficial owner of the payment does not have any substantial United States owners or provides the name, address and taxpayer identification number of each such substantial United States owner and certain other specified requirements are met. In certain cases, the relevant foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity may qualify for an exemption from, or be deemed to be in compliance with, these rules. In addition, foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the United States governing FATCA may be subject to different rules. You should consult your own tax advisor regarding FATCA and whether it may be relevant to your ownership and disposition of Common Shares.

Other Taxation

Common Shareholders may be subject to state, local and foreign taxes on their Fund distributions. Common Shareholders are advised to consult their own tax advisers with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund.

 

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CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

A control person is a person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company. The Fund currently has no control person. To the Fund’s knowledge, no person owns of record or beneficially 5% or more of any class of the Fund’s outstanding equity securities. As a group, the Fund’s directors and officers own less than 1% of the Fund’s Common Shares.

 

69


FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The audited financial statements included in the annual report to the Fund’s shareholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 and together with the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”) for the Fund’s annual report, are incorporated herein by reference to the Fund’s annual report to shareholders. All other portions of the annual report to shareholders are not incorporated herein by reference and are not part of the registration statement, the SAI, the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement.

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

PwC serves as the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm of the Fund and audits the financial statements of the Fund. PwC is located at 100 East Pratt Street, Suite 2600, Baltimore, Maryland 21202-1096.

CUSTODIAN AND TRANSFER AGENT

The custodian of the assets of the Fund is The Bank of New York Mellon, 225 Liberty Street, New York, New York 10286. The custodian performs custodial, fund accounting and portfolio accounting services. The Fund’s transfer, shareholder services and dividend paying agent is Computershare Inc., 462 South 4th Street, Suite 1600, Louisville, KY 40202.

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

As noted above, this statement of additional information is part of a registration statement filed with the SEC. Pursuant to the final rule and form amendments adopted by the SEC on April 8, 2020, the Fund is permitted to “incorporate by reference” certain information filed with the SEC, which means that the Fund can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and later information that the Fund files with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information.

The documents listed below, and any reports and other documents subsequently filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 30(b)(2) under the 1940 Act and Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to the termination of the offering will be incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and deemed to be part of this Prospectus from the date of the filing of such reports and documents:

 

   

the Fund’s Prospectus, dated December 18, 2024, filed with this Statement of Additional Information;

 

   

the Fund’s Annual Report on Form N-CSR/A, filed on August 5, 2024;

 

   

the Fund’s Semi-Annual Report on Form N-CSR, filed on August 28, 2024;

 

   

the Fund’s Proxy Statement on Form DEF 14A, filed on March 6, 2024;

 

   

the Fund’s description of Common Shares on Form 8-A12B, filed on June 10, 2021.

You may obtain copies of any information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, at no charge, by calling toll-free (888) 777-0102 or by writing to the Fund at 620 Eighth Avenue, 47th Floor, New York, NY 10018. The Fund’s periodic reports filed pursuant to Section 30(b)(2) of the 1940 Act and Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as well as this Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information, are available on the Fund’s website http://www.franklintempleton.com/investments/options/closed-end-funds. In addition, the SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov, free of charge, that contains these reports, the Fund’s proxy and information statements, and other information relating to the Fund.

 

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

A Registration Statement on Form N-2, including amendments thereto, relating to the shares of the Fund offered hereby, has been filed by the Fund with the SEC in Washington, D.C. The Fund’s Prospectus and this Statement of Additional Information do not contain all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement, including any exhibits and schedules thereto. For further information with respect to the Fund and the Common Shares offered hereby, reference is made to the Fund’s Registration Statement. Statements contained in the Fund’s Prospectus and this Statement of Additional Information as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily complete and in each instance reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference. Copies of the Registration Statement may be inspected without charge at the SEC’s principal office in Washington, D.C., and copies of all or any part thereof may be obtained from the SEC upon the payment of certain fees prescribed by the SEC or on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

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APPENDIX A

DESCRIPTION OF S&P, MOODY’S AND FITCH RATINGS1

S&P Global Ratings—A brief description of the applicable S&P Global Ratings and its affiliates (collectively, “S&P”) rating symbols and their meanings (as published by S&P) follows:

ISSUE CREDIT RATING DEFINITIONS

An S&P issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects S&P Global Ratings’ view of the obligor’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and this opinion may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.

Issue credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term. Short-term issue credit ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. Short-term issue credit ratings are also used to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long-term obligations. Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.

Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings*

Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on S&P’s analysis of the following considerations:

 

   

The likelihood of payment—the capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitments on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation;

 

   

The nature and provisions of the financial obligation, and the promise we impute; and

 

   

The protection afforded by, and relative position of, the financial obligation in the event of a bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights.

An issue rating is an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)

 

“AAA”    An obligation rated “AAA” has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is extremely strong.
“AA”    An obligation rated “AA” differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.

 

 

1 

The ratings indicated herein are believed to be the most recent ratings available at the date of this Statement of Additional Information for the securities listed. Ratings are generally given to securities at the time of issuance. While the rating agencies may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings indicated do not necessarily represent ratings which would be given to these securities on the date of the Fund’s fiscal year end.

 

A-1


“A”    An obligation rated “A” is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.
“BBB”    An obligation rated “BBB” exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
“BB,” “B,” “CCC,” “CC,” and “C”    Obligations rated “BB,” “B,” “CCC,” “CC,” and “C” are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. “BB” indicates the least degree of speculation and “C” the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposure to adverse conditions.
“BB”    An obligation rated “BB” is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
“B”    An obligation rated “B” is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated “BB”, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
“CCC”    An obligation rated “CCC” is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
“CC”    An obligation rated “CC” is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The “CC” rating is used when a default has not yet occurred but S&P expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
“C”    An obligation rated “C” is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared with obligations that are rated higher.
“D”    An obligation rated “D” is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the “D” rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The “D” rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. A rating on an obligation is lowered to “D” if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
PLUS (+) OR MINUS (–)    The ratings from “AA” to “CCC” may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (–) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings

 

“A-1”    A short-term obligation rated “A-1” is rated in the highest category by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is strong. Within this category,

 

A-2


   certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on these obligations is extremely strong.
“A-2”    A short-term obligation rated “A-2” is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is satisfactory.
“A-3”    A short-term obligation rated “A-3” exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken an obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
“B”    A short-term obligation rated “B” is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
“C”    A short-term obligation rated “C” is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
“D”    A short-term obligation rated “D” is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the “D” rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The “D” rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. A rating on an obligation is lowered to “D” if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

Active Qualifiers (Currently applied and/or outstanding)

S&P uses the following qualifiers that limit the scope of a rating. The structure of the transaction can require the use of a qualifier such as a “p” qualifier, which indicates the rating addresses the principal portion of the obligation only. A qualifier appears as a suffix and is part of the rating.

 

Federal deposit insurance limit: “L” qualifier

   Ratings qualified with “L” apply only to amounts invested up to federal deposit insurance limits.

Principal: “p” qualifier

   This suffix is used for issues in which the credit factors, the terms, or both that determine the likelihood of receipt of payment of principal are different from the credit factors, terms or both that determine the likelihood of receipt of interest on the obligation. The “p” suffix indicates that the rating addresses the principal portion of the obligation only and that the interest is not rated.

Preliminary Ratings: “prelim” qualifier

  

Preliminary ratings, with the “prelim” suffix, may be assigned to obligors or obligations, including financial programs, in the circumstances described below.

 

Assignment of a final rating is conditional on the receipt by S&P of appropriate documentation. S&P reserves the right not to issue a final rating. Moreover, if a final rating is issued, it may differ from the preliminary rating.

 

A-3


  

•  Preliminary ratings may be assigned to obligations, most commonly structured and project finance issues, pending receipt of final documentation and legal opinions.

 

•  Preliminary ratings may be assigned to obligations that will likely be issued upon the obligor’s emergence from bankruptcy or similar reorganization, based on late-stage reorganization plans, documentation and discussions with the obligor. Preliminary ratings may also be assigned to the obligors. These ratings consider the anticipated general credit quality of the reorganized or post-bankruptcy issuer as well as attributes of the anticipated obligation(s).

 

•  Preliminary ratings may be assigned to entities that are being formed or that are in the process of being independently established when, in S&P’s opinion, documentation is close to final. Preliminary ratings may also be assigned to the obligations of these entities.

 

•  Preliminary ratings may be assigned when a previously unrated entity is undergoing a well-formulated restructuring, recapitalization, significant financing or other transformative event, generally at the point that investor or lender commitments are invited. The preliminary rating may be assigned to the entity and to its proposed obligation(s). These preliminary ratings consider the anticipated general credit quality of the obligor, as well as attributes of the anticipated obligation(s), assuming successful completion of the transformative event. Should the transformative event not occur, S&P would likely withdraw these preliminary ratings.

 

•  A preliminary recovery rating may be assigned to an obligation that has a preliminary issue credit rating.

Termination Structures: “t” qualifier

   This symbol indicates termination structures that are designed to honor their contracts to full maturity or, should certain events occur, to terminate and cash settle all their contracts before their final maturity date.
Counterparty Instrument Rating: “cir” qualifier    This symbol indicates a Counterparty Instrument Rating (CIR), which is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an issuer in a securitization structure with respect to a specific financial obligation to a counterparty (including interest rate swaps, currency swaps, and liquidity facilities). The CIR is determined on an ultimate payment basis; these opinions do not take into account timeliness of payment.

Inactive Qualifiers (No longer applied or outstanding)

 

Contingent upon final documentation: “*” inactive qualifier    This symbol indicated that the rating was contingent upon S&P’s receipt of an executed copy of the escrow agreement or closing documentation confirming investments and cash flows. Discontinued use in August 1998.
Termination of obligation to tender: “c” inactive qualifier    This qualifier was used to provide additional information to investors that the bank may terminate its obligation to purchase tendered bonds if the long-term credit rating of the issuer was lowered to below an investment-grade level and/or the issuer’s bonds were deemed taxable. Discontinued use in January 2001.

 

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U.S. direct government securities: “G” inactive qualifier    The letter “G” followed the rating symbol when a fund’s portfolio consisted primarily of direct U.S. government securities.
Public Information Ratings: “pi” inactive qualifier    This qualifier was used to indicate ratings that were based on an analysis of an issuer’s published financial information, as well as additional information in the public domain. Such ratings did not, however, reflect in-depth meetings with an issuer’s management and therefore, could have been based on less comprehensive information than ratings without a “pi” suffix. Discontinued use as of December 2014 and as of August 2015 for Lloyd’s Syndicate Assessments.
Provisional Ratings: “pr” qualifier    The letters “pr” indicate that the rating was provisional. A provisional rating assumed the successful completion of a project financed by the debt being rated and indicates that payment of debt service requirements was largely or entirely dependent upon the successful, timely completion of the project. This rating, however, while addressing credit quality subsequent to completion of the project, made no comment on the likelihood of or the risk of default upon failure of such completion.
Quantitative Analysis of public information “q” inactive qualifier    A “q” subscript indicates that the rating is based solely on quantitative analysis of publicly available information. Discontinued use in April 2001.
Extraordinary risks “r” inactive qualifier    The “r” modifier was assigned to securities containing extraordinary risks, particularly market risks, that are not covered in the credit rating.
   The absence of an “r” modifier should not be taken as an indication that an obligation would not exhibit extraordinary non-credit related risks. S&P discontinued the use of the “r” modifier for most obligations in June 2000 and for the balance of obligations (mainly structured finance transactions) in November 2002.

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.—A brief description of the applicable Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) rating symbols and their meanings (as published by Moody’s) follows:

LONG-TERM OBLIGATIONS RATINGS

Ratings assigned on Moody’s global long-term and short-term rating scales are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Moody’s defines credit risk as the risk that an entity may not meet its contractual financial obligations as they come due and any estimated financial loss in the event of default or impairment. The contractual financial obligations2 addressed by Moody’s ratings are those that call for, without regard to enforceability, the payment of an ascertainable amount, which may vary based upon standard sources of variation (e.g., floating interest rates), by an ascertainable date. Moody’s rating addresses the issuer’s ability to obtain cash sufficient to service the obligation, and its willingness to pay.3 Moody’s ratings do not address non-standard sources of variation in the amount of the principal obligation (e.g., equity indexed), absent an express statement to the contrary in a press release accompanying an initial rating.4 Long-term ratings are assigned

 

 

2 

In the case of impairments, there can be a financial loss even when contractual obligations are met.

 

3 

In some cases the relevant credit risk relates to a third party, in addition to, or instead of the issuer. Examples include credit-linked notes and guaranteed obligations.

 

4 

Because the number of possible features or structures is limited only by the creativity of issuers, Moody’s cannot comprehensively catalogue all the types of non-standard variation affecting financial obligations,

 

A-5


to issuers or obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default or impairment on contractual financial obligations and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default or impairment. Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect both on the likelihood of a default or impairment on contractual financial obligations and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default or impairment.5, 6 Moody’s issues ratings at the issuer level and instrument level on both the long-term scale and the short-term scale. Typically, ratings are made publicly available although private and unpublished ratings may also be assigned.7

Moody’s differentiates structured finance ratings from fundamental ratings (i.e., ratings on nonfinancial corporate, financial institution, and public sector entities) on the global long-term scale by adding (sf ) to all structured finance ratings.8 The addition of (sf ) to structured finance ratings should eliminate any presumption that such ratings and fundamental ratings at the same letter grade level will behave the same. The (sf ) indicator for structured finance security ratings indicates that otherwise similarly rated structured finance and fundamental securities may have different risk characteristics. Through its current methodologies, however, Moody’s aspires to achieve broad expected equivalence in structured finance and fundamental rating performance when measured over a long period of time.

Long-Term Rating Definitions:

 

“Aaa”    Obligations rated “Aaa” are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.
“Aa”    Obligations rated “Aa” are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.

 

 

but examples include indexed values, equity values and cash flows, prepayment penalties, and an obligation to pay an amount that is not ascertainable at the inception of the transaction.

 

5 

For certain structured finance, preferred share and hybrid securities in which payment default events are either not defined or do not match investors’ expectations for timely payment, long-term and short-term ratings reflect the likelihood of impairment (as defined below in this publication) and financial loss in the event of impairment.

 

6 

Supranational institutions and central banks that hold sovereign debt or extend sovereign loans, such as the IMF or the European Central Bank, may not always be treated similarly to other investors and lenders with similar credit exposures. Long-term and short-term ratings assigned to obligations held by both supranational institutions and central banks, as well as other investors, reflect only the credit risks faced by other investors unless specifically noted otherwise.

 

7 

Supranational institutions and central banks that hold sovereign debt or extend sovereign loans, such as the IMF or the European Central Bank, may not always be treated similarly to other investors and lenders with similar credit exposures. Long-term and short-term ratings assigned to obligations held by both supranational institutions and central banks, as well as other investors, reflect only the credit risks faced by other investors unless specifically noted otherwise.

 

8 

Like other global scale ratings, (sf) ratings reflect both the likelihood of a default and the expected loss suffered in the event of default. Ratings are assigned based on a rating committee’s assessment of a security’s expected loss rate (default probability multiplied by expected loss severity), and may be subject to the constraint that the final expected loss rating assigned would not be more than a certain number of notches, typically three to five notches, above the rating that would be assigned based on an assessment of default probability alone. The magnitude of this constraint may vary with the level of the rating, the seasoning of the transaction, and the uncertainty around the assessments of expected loss and probability of default.

 

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“A”    Obligations rated “A” are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
“Baa”    Obligations rated “Baa” are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
“Ba”    Obligations rated “Ba” are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.
“B”    Obligations rated “B” are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
“Caa”    Obligations rated “Caa” are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
“Ca”    Obligations rated “Ca” are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
“C”    Obligations rated “C” are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.

Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category. Additionally, a “(hyb)” indicator is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms.9*

MEDIUM-TERM NOTE PROGRAM RATINGS

Moody’s assigns provisional ratings to medium-term note (MTN) programs and definitive ratings to the individual debt securities issued from them (referred to as drawdowns or notes).

MTN program ratings are intended to reflect the ratings likely to be assigned to drawdowns issued from the program with the specified priority of claim (e.g. senior or subordinated). To capture the contingent nature of a program rating, Moody’s assigns provisional ratings to MTN programs. A provisional rating is denoted by a (P) in front of the rating and is defined elsewhere in this document.

The rating assigned to a drawdown from a rated MTN or bank/deposit note program is definitive in nature, and may differ from the program rating if the drawdown is exposed to additional credit risks besides the issuer’s default, such as links to the defaults of other issuers, or has other structural features that warrant a different rating. In some circumstances, no rating may be assigned to a drawdown.

Moody’s encourages market participants to contact Moody’s Ratings Desks or visit www.moodys.com directly if they have questions regarding ratings for specific notes issued under a medium-term note program. Unrated notes issued under an MTN program may be assigned an NR (not rated) symbol.

Short-Term Rating Definitions:

 

 

9 

By their terms, hybrid securities allow for the omission of scheduled dividends, interest, or principal payments, which can potentially result in impairment if such an omission occurs. Hybrid securities may also be subject to contractually allowable write-downs of principal that could result in impairment. Together with the hybrid indicator, the long-term obligation rating assigned to a hybrid security is an expression of the relative credit risk associated with that security.

 

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Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect both on the likelihood of a default or impairment on contractual financial obligations and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default or impairment.10 11

Moody’s employs the following designations to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:

 

“P-1”    Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
“P-2”    Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
“P-3”    Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
“NP”    Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

Fitch IBCA, Inc.—A brief description of the applicable Fitch IBCA, Inc. (“Fitch”) ratings symbols and meanings (as published by Fitch) follows:

INTERNATIONAL ISSUER AND CREDIT RATING SCALES

The Primary Credit Rating Scales (those featuring the symbols “AAA”-”D” and “Fi”-”D”) are used for debt and financial strength ratings. The below section describes their use for issuers and obligations in corporate, public and structured finance debt markets.

Long-Term Ratings Scales—Issuer Credit Ratings Scales

Rated entities in a number of sectors, including financial and non-financial corporations, sovereigns, insurance companies and certain sectors within public finance, are generally assigned Issuer Default Ratings (IDRs). IDRs are also assigned to certain entities or enterprises in global infrastructure, project finance and public finance. IDRs opine on an entity’s relative vulnerability to default on financial obligations. The “threshold” default risk addressed by the IDR is generally that of the financial obligations whose non-payment would best reflect the uncured failure of that entity. As such, IDRs also address relative vulnerability to bankruptcy, administrative receivership or similar concepts.

In aggregate, IDRs provide an ordinal ranking of issuers based on the agency’s view of their relative vulnerability to default, rather than a prediction of a specific percentage likelihood of default.

 

 

10 

For certain structured finance, preferred share and hybrid securities in which payment default events are either not defined or do not match investors’ expectations for timely payment, the ratings reflect the likelihood of impairment (as defined below in this publication).

 

11 

Supranational institutions and central banks that hold sovereign debt or extend sovereign loans, such as the IMF or the European Central Bank, may not always be treated similarly to other investors and lenders with similar credit exposures. Long-term and short-term ratings assigned to obligations held by both supranational institutions and central banks, as well as other investors, reflect only the credit risks faced by other investors unless specifically noted otherwise.

 

A-8


“AAA”    Highest credit quality. “AAA” ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
“AA”    Very high credit quality. “AA” ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
“A”    High credit quality. “A” ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
“BBB”    Good credit quality. “BBB” ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
“BB”    Speculative. “BB” ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial flexibility exists that supports the servicing of financial commitments.
“B”    Highly speculative. “B” ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment.
“CCC”    Substantial credit risk. Default is a real possibility.
“CC”    Very high levels of credit risk. Default of some kind appears probable.
“C”    Near default. A default or default-like process has begun, or the issuer is in standstill, or for a closed funding vehicle, payment capacity is irrevocably impaired. Conditions that are indicative of a ‘C’ category rating for an issuer include:
   a. the issuer has entered into a grace or cure period following non-payment of a material financial obligation;
   b. the issuer has entered into a temporary negotiated waiver or standstill agreement following a payment default on a material financial obligation;
   c. the formal announcement by the issuer or their agent of a distressed debt exchange; or
   d. a closed financing vehicle where payment capacity is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to pay interest and/or principal in full during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default is imminent.
“RD”    Restricted default. “RD” ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings’ opinion has experienced:
   a. an uncured payment default or distressed debt exchange on a bond, loan or other material financial obligation, but
   b. has not entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, and

 

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   c. has not otherwise ceased operating.
   This would include:
   i. the selective payment default on a specific class or currency of debt;
   ii. the uncured expiry of any applicable grace period, cure period or default forbearance period following a payment default on a bank loan, capital markets security or other material financial obligation;
   iii. the extension of multiple waivers or forbearance periods upon a payment default on one or more material financial obligations, either in series or in parallel; ordinary execution of a distressed debt exchange on one or more material financial obligations.
“D”    Default. “D” ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings’ opinion has entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, or which has otherwise ceased business.
   Default ratings are not assigned prospectively to entities or their obligations; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will generally not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period, unless a default is otherwise driven by bankruptcy or other similar circumstance, or by a distressed debt exchange.
   In all cases, the assignment of a default rating reflects the agency’s opinion as to the most appropriate rating category consistent with the rest of its universe of ratings, and may differ from the definition of default under the terms of an issuer’s financial obligations or local commercial practice.

Note: The modifiers “+” or “–” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ Long-Term IDR category, or to Long-Term IDR categories below “B”.

Limitations of the Issuer Credit Rating Scale:

Specific limitations relevant to the issuer credit rating scale include:

 

   

The ratings do not predict a specific percentage of default likelihood or failure likelihood over any given time period.

 

   

The ratings do not opine on the market value of any issuer’s securities or stock, or the likelihood that this value may change.

 

   

The ratings do not opine on the liquidity of the issuer’s securities or stock.

 

   

The ratings do not opine on the possible loss severity on an obligation should an issuer default.

 

   

The ratings do not opine on the suitability of an issuer as a counterparty to trade credit.

 

   

The ratings do not opine on any quality related to an issuer’s business, operational or financial profile other than the agency’s opinion on its relative vulnerability to default.

Ratings assigned by Fitch Ratings articulate an opinion on discrete and specific areas of risk. The above list is not exhaustive, and is provided for the reader’s convenience.

 

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Short-Term Ratings—Short-Term Ratings Assigned to

Obligations in Corporate, Public and Structured Finance

A short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-term deposit ratings may be adjusted for loss severity. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as “short term” based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations, and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.

 

“F1”    Highest short-term credit quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
“F2”    Good short-term credit quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.
“F3”    Fair short-term credit quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.
“B”    Speculative short-term credit quality. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
“C”    High short-term default risk. Default is a real possibility.
“RD”    Restricted default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to entity ratings only.
“D”    Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a specific short-term obligation.

Limitations of the Short-Term Ratings Scale:

Specific limitations relevant to the Short-Term Ratings scale include:

 

   

The ratings do not predict a specific percentage of default likelihood over any given time period.

 

   

The ratings do not opine on the market value of any issuer’s securities or stock, or the likelihood that this value may change.

 

   

The ratings do not opine on the liquidity of the issuer’s securities or stock.

 

   

The ratings do not opine on the possible loss severity on an obligation should an obligation default.

 

   

The ratings do not opine on any quality related to an issuer or transaction’s profile other than the agency’s opinion on the relative vulnerability to default of the rated issuer or obligation.

Ratings assigned by Fitch Ratings articulate an opinion on discrete and specific areas of risk. The above list is not exhaustive, and is provided for the reader’s convenience.

 

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APPENDIX B

FRANKLIN TEMPLETON FUND ADVISER, LLC

Proxy Voting Policy

FTFA delegates to each sub-adviser the responsibility for voting proxies for its funds, as applicable, through its contracts with each sub-adviser. Each sub-adviser may use its own proxy voting policies and procedures to vote proxies of the funds if the funds’ Board reviews and approves the use of those policies and procedures. Accordingly, FTFA does not expect to have proxy-voting responsibility for any of the funds.

Should FTFA become responsible for voting proxies for any reason, such as the inability of a sub-adviser to provide investment advisory services, FTFA shall utilize the proxy voting guidelines established by the most recent sub-adviser to vote proxies until a new sub-adviser is retained and the use of its proxy voting policies and procedures is authorized by the Board. In the case of a material conflict between the interests of FTFA (or its affiliates if such conflict is known to persons responsible for voting at FTFA) and any fund, the Board of Directors of FTFA shall consider how to address the conflict and/or how to vote the proxies. FTFA shall maintain records of all proxy votes in accordance with applicable securities laws and regulations.

FTFA shall be responsible for gathering relevant documents and records related to proxy voting from each sub-adviser and providing them to the funds as required for the funds to comply with applicable rules under the Investment Company Act of 1940. FTFA shall also be responsible for coordinating the provision of information to the Board with regard to the proxy voting policies and procedures of each sub-adviser, including the actual proxy voting policies and procedures of each sub-adviser, changes to such policies and procedures, and reports on the administration of such policies and procedures.

 

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APPENDIX C

WESTERN ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANY, LLC

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

BACKGROUND

An investment adviser is required to adopt and implement policies and procedures that we believe are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with fiduciary duties and SEC Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”). The authority to vote the proxies of our clients is established through investment management agreements or comparable documents. In addition to SEC requirements governing advisers, long-standing fiduciary standards and responsibilities have been established for ERISA accounts. Unless a manager of ERISA assets has been expressly precluded from voting proxies, the Department of Labor has determined that the responsibility for these votes lies with the investment manager.

POLICY

As a fixed income only manager, the occasion to vote proxies is very rare. However, the Firm has adopted and implemented policies and procedures that we believe are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with our fiduciary duties and SEC Rule 206(4)- 6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”). In addition to SEC requirements governing advisers, our proxy voting policies reflect the long-standing fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts. Unless a manager of ERISA assets has been expressly precluded from voting proxies, the Department of Labor has determined that the responsibility for these votes lies with the Investment Manager.

While the guidelines included in the procedures are intended to provide a benchmark for voting standards, each vote is ultimately cast on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration the Firm’s contractual obligations to our clients and all other relevant facts and circumstances at the time of the vote (such that these guidelines may be overridden to the extent the Firm deems appropriate).

In exercising its voting authority, Western Asset will not consult or enter into agreements with officers, directors or employees of Franklin Templeton or any of its affiliates (other than Western Asset affiliated companies) regarding the voting of any securities owned by its clients.

PROCEDURE

Responsibility and Oversight

The Western Asset Legal and Compliance Department (“Compliance Department”) is responsible for administering and overseeing the proxy voting process. The gathering of proxies is coordinated through the Corporate Actions area of Investment Support (“Corporate Actions”). Research analysts and portfolio managers are responsible for determining appropriate voting positions on each proxy utilizing any applicable guidelines contained in these procedures.

Client Authority

The Investment Management Agreement for each client is reviewed at account start-up for proxy voting instructions. If an agreement is silent on proxy voting, but contains an overall delegation of discretionary authority or if the account represents assets of an ERISA plan, Western Asset will assume responsibility for proxy voting. The Legal and Compliance Department maintains a matrix of proxy voting authority.

 

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Proxy Gathering

Registered owners of record, client custodians, client banks and trustees (“Proxy Recipients”) that receive proxy materials on behalf of clients should forward them to Corporate Actions. Proxy Recipients for new clients (or, if Western Asset becomes aware that the applicable Proxy Recipient for an existing client has changed, the Proxy Recipient for the existing client) are notified at start-up of appropriate routing to Corporate Actions of proxy materials received and reminded of their responsibility to forward all proxy materials on a timely basis. If Western Asset personnel other than Corporate Actions receive proxy materials, they should promptly forward the materials to Corporate Actions.

Proxy Voting

Once proxy materials are received by Corporate Actions, they are forwarded to the Legal and Compliance Department for coordination and the following actions:

 

  1.

Proxies are reviewed to determine accounts impacted.

 

  2.

Impacted accounts are checked to confirm Western Asset voting authority.

 

  3.

Legal and Compliance Department staff reviews proxy issues to determine any material conflicts of interest. (See conflicts of interest section of these procedures for further information on determining material conflicts of interest.)

 

  4.

If a material conflict of interest exists, (i) to the extent reasonably practicable and permitted by applicable law, the client is promptly notified, the conflict is disclosed and Western Asset obtains the client’s proxy voting instructions, and (ii) to the extent that it is not reasonably practicable or permitted by applicable law to notify the client and obtain such instructions (e.g., the client is a mutual fund or other commingled vehicle or is an ERISA plan client), Western Asset seeks voting instructions from an independent third party.

 

  5.

Legal and Compliance Department staff provides proxy material to the appropriate research analyst or portfolio manager to obtain their recommended vote. Research analysts and portfolio managers determine votes on a case-by-case basis taking into the account the voting guidelines contained in these procedures. For avoidance of doubt, depending on the best interest of each individual client, Western Asset may vote the same proxy differently for different clients. The analyst’s or portfolio manager’s basis for their decision is documented and maintained by the Legal and Compliance Department.

 

  6.

Legal and Compliance Department staff votes the proxy pursuant to the instructions received in (d) or (e) and returns the voted proxy as indicated in the proxy materials.

Timing

Western Asset personnel act in such a manner to ensure that, absent special circumstances, the proxy gathering, and proxy voting steps noted above can be completed before the applicable deadline for returning proxy votes.

Recordkeeping

Western Asset maintains records of proxies voted pursuant to Section 204-2 of the Advisers Act and ERISA DOL Bulletin 94-2. These records include:

 

  a.

A copy of Western Asset’s policies and procedures.

  b.

Copies of proxy statements received regarding client securities.

 

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  c.

A copy of any document created by Western Asset that was material to making a decision how to vote proxies.

  d.

Each written client request for proxy voting records and Western Asset’s written response to both verbal and written client requests.

  e.

A proxy log including:

  1.

Issuer name;

  2.

Exchange ticker symbol of the issuer’s shares to be voted;

  3.

Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures (“CUSIP”) number for the shares to be voted;

  4.

A brief identification of the matter voted on;

  5.

Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a shareholder of the issuer;

  6.

Whether a vote was cast on the matter;

  7.

A record of how the vote was cast; and

  8.

Whether the vote was cast for or against the recommendation of the issuer’s management team.

Records are maintained in an easily accessible place for five years, the first two in Western Asset’s offices.

Disclosure

Western Asset’s proxy policies are described in the firm’s Part 2A of Form ADV. Clients will be provided a copy of these policies and procedures upon request. In addition, upon request, clients may receive reports on how their proxies have been voted.

Conflicts of Interest

All proxies are reviewed by the Legal and Compliance Department for material conflicts of interest.

Issues to be reviewed include, but are not limited to:

 

  1.

Whether Western (or, to the extent required to be considered by applicable law, its affiliates) manages assets for the company or an employee group of the company or otherwise has an interest in the company;

  2.

Whether Western or an officer or director of Western or the applicable portfolio manager or analyst responsible for recommending the proxy vote (together, “Voting Persons”) is a close relative of or has a personal or business relationship with an executive, director or person who is a candidate for director of the company or is a participant in a proxy contest; and

  3.

Whether there is any other business or personal relationship where a Voting Person has a personal interest in the outcome of the matter before shareholders.

Voting Guidelines

Western Asset’s substantive voting decisions turn on the particular facts and circumstances of each proxy vote and are evaluated by the designated research analyst or portfolio manager. The examples outlined below are meant as guidelines to aid in the decision making process.

Guidelines are grouped according to the types of proposals generally presented to shareholders. Part I deals with proposals which have been approved and are recommended by a company’s board of directors; Part II deals with proposals submitted by shareholders for inclusion in proxy statements; Part III addresses issues relating to voting shares of investment companies; and Part IV addresses unique considerations pertaining to foreign issuers.

 

  1.

Board Approved Proposals

The vast majority of matters presented to shareholders for a vote involve proposals made by a company itself that have been approved and recommended by its board of directors. In view of the enhanced corporate governance practices currently being implemented in public companies, Western Asset generally votes in support of decisions reached by independent boards of directors. More specific guidelines related to certain board-approved proposals are as follows:

 

  a.

Matters relating to the Board of Directors

 

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Western Asset votes proxies for the election of the company’s nominees for directors and for board-approved proposals on other matters relating to the board of directors with the following exceptions:

 

  i.

Votes are withheld for the entire board of directors if the board does not have a majority of independent directors or the board does not have nominating, audit and compensation committees composed solely of independent directors.

  ii.

Votes are withheld for any nominee for director who is considered an independent director by the company and who has received compensation from the company other than for service as a director.

  iii.

Votes are withheld for any nominee for director who attends less than 75% of board and committee meetings without valid reasons for absences.

  iv.

Votes are cast on a case-by-case basis in contested elections of directors.

  b.

Matters relating to Executive Compensation

Western Asset generally favors compensation programs that relate executive compensation to a company’s long-term performance. Votes are cast on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals relating to executive compensation, except as follows:

 

  i.

Except where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, Western Asset votes for stock option plans that will result in a minimal annual dilution.

  ii.

Western Asset votes against stock option plans or proposals that permit replacing or repricing of underwater options.

  iii.

Western Asset votes against stock option plans that permit issuance of options with an exercise price below the stock’s current market price.

  iv.

Except where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, Western Asset votes for employee stock purchase plans that limit the discount for shares purchased under the plan to no more than 15% of their market value, have an offering period of 27 months or less and result in dilution of 10% or less.

  c.

Matters relating to Capitalization

The management of a company’s capital structure involves a number of important issues, including cash flows, financing needs and market conditions that are unique to the circumstances of each company. As a result, Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals involving changes to a company’s capitalization except where Western Asset is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

 

  i.

Western Asset votes for proposals relating to the authorization of additional common stock.

  ii.

Western Asset votes for proposals to effect stock splits (excluding reverse stock splits).

  iii.

Western Asset votes for proposals authorizing share repurchase programs.

  d.

Matters relating to Acquisitions, Mergers, Reorganizations and Other Transactions

Western Asset votes these issues on a case-by-case basis on board-approved transactions.

 

  e.

Matters relating to Anti-Takeover Measures

Western Asset votes against board-approved proposals to adopt anti-takeover measures except as follows:

 

  i.

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to ratify or approve shareholder rights plans.

  ii.

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to adopt fair price provisions.

  f.

Other Business Matters

Western Asset votes for board-approved proposals approving such routine business matters such as changing the company’s name, ratifying the appointment of auditors and procedural matters relating to the shareholder meeting.

 

  i.

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to amend a company’s charter or bylaws.

  ii.

Western Asset votes against authorization to transact other unidentified, substantive business at the meeting.

 

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  2.

Shareholder Proposals

SEC regulations permit shareholders to submit proposals for inclusion in a company’s proxy statement. These proposals generally seek to change some aspect of a company’s corporate governance structure or to change some aspect of its business operations. Western Asset votes in accordance with the recommendation of the company’s board of directors on all shareholder proposals, except as follows:

 

  i.

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals to require shareholder approval of shareholder rights plans.

  ii.

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals that are consistent with Western Asset’s proxy voting guidelines for board-approved proposals.

  iii.

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on other shareholder proposals where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

  3.

Voting Shares of Investment Companies

Western Asset may utilize shares of open or closed-end investment companies to implement its investment strategies. Shareholder votes for investment companies that fall within the categories listed in Parts I and II above are voted in accordance with those guidelines.

 

  a.

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals relating to changes in the investment objectives of an investment company taking into account the original intent of the fund and the role the fund plays in the clients’ portfolios.

  b.

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis all proposals that would result in increases in expenses (e.g., proposals to adopt 12b-1 plans, alter investment advisory arrangements or approve fund mergers) taking into account comparable expenses for similar funds and the services to be provided.

  4.

Voting Shares of Foreign Issuers

In the event Western Asset is required to vote on securities held in non-U.S. issuers – i.e. issuers that are incorporated under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction and that are not listed on a U.S. securities exchange or the NASDAQ stock market, the following guidelines are used, which are premised on the existence of a sound corporate governance and disclosure framework. These guidelines, however, may not be appropriate under some circumstances for foreign issuers and therefore apply only where applicable.

 

  a.

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals calling for a majority of the directors to be independent of management.

  b.

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals seeking to increase the independence of board nominating, audit and compensation committees.

  c.

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals that implement corporate governance standards similar to those established under U.S. federal law and the listing requirements of U.S. stock exchanges, and that do not otherwise violate the laws of the jurisdiction under which the company is incorporated.

  d.

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals relating to (1) the issuance of common stock in excess of 20% of a company’s outstanding common stock where shareholders do not have preemptive rights, or (2) the issuance of common stock in excess of 100% of a company’s outstanding common stock where shareholders have preemptive rights.

RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS

For accounts subject to ERISA, as well as other Retirement Accounts, Western Asset is presumed to have the responsibility to vote proxies for the client. The Department of Labor (“DOL”) has issued a bulletin that states that investment managers have the responsibility to vote proxies on behalf of Retirement Accounts unless the authority to vote proxies has been specifically reserved to another named fiduciary. Furthermore, unless Western Asset is expressly precluded from voting the proxies, the DOL has determined that the responsibility remains with the investment manager.

In order to comply with the DOL’s position, Western Asset will be presumed to have the obligation to vote proxies for its Retirement Accounts unless Western Asset has obtained a specific written instruction indicating that: (a) the right to vote proxies has been reserved to a named fiduciary of the client, and (b) Western Asset is precluded from voting proxies on behalf of the client. If Western Asset does not receive such an instruction, Western Asset

 

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will be responsible for voting proxies in the best interests of the Retirement Account client and in accordance with any proxy voting guidelines provided by the client.

Western Asset Management Company Limited

Proxy Voting and Corporate Actions Policy

As a fixed income only manager, the occasion to vote proxies is very rare. However, the Firm has adopted and implemented policies and procedures that we believe are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with our fiduciary duties and SEC Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”). In addition to SEC requirements governing advisers, our proxy voting policies reflect the long-standing fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts. Unless a manager of ERISA assets has been expressly precluded from voting proxies, the Department of Labor has determined that the responsibility for these votes lies with the Investment Manager.

While the guidelines included in the procedures are intended to provide a benchmark for voting standards, each vote is ultimately cast on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration the Firm’s contractual obligations to our clients and all other relevant facts and circumstances at the time of the vote (such that these guidelines may be overridden to the extent the Firm deems appropriate).

In exercising its voting authority, Western Asset will not consult or enter into agreements with officers, directors or employees of Franklin Templeton or any of its affiliates (other than Western Asset affiliated companies) regarding the voting of any securities owned by its clients.

RESPONSIBILITY AND OVERSIGHT

The Western Asset Legal and Compliance Department (“Compliance Department”) is responsible for administering and overseeing the proxy voting process. The gathering of proxies is coordinated through the

Corporate Actions area of Investment Support (“Corporate Actions”). Research analysts and portfolio managers are responsible for determining appropriate voting positions on each proxy utilizing any applicable guidelines contained in these procedures.

CLIENT AUTHORITY

The Investment Management Agreement for each client is reviewed at account start-up for proxy voting instructions. If an agreement is silent on proxy voting, but contains an overall delegation of discretionary authority or if the account represents assets of an ERISA plan, Western Asset will assume responsibility for proxy voting. The Legal and Compliance Department maintains a matrix of proxy voting authority.

PROXY GATHERING

Registered owners of record, client custodians, client banks and trustees (“Proxy Recipients”) that receive proxy materials on behalf of clients should forward them to Corporate Actions. Proxy Recipients for new clients (or, if Western Asset becomes aware that the applicable Proxy Recipient for an existing client has changed, the Proxy Recipient for the existing client) are notified at start-up of appropriate routing to Corporate Actions of proxy materials received and reminded of their responsibility to forward all proxy materials on a timely basis. If Western Asset personnel other than Corporate Actions receive proxy materials, they should promptly forward the materials to Corporate Actions.

PROXY VOTING

Once proxy materials are received by Corporate Actions, they are forwarded to the Legal and Compliance Department for coordination and the following actions:

Proxies are reviewed to determine accounts impacted.

 

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Impacted accounts are checked to confirm Western Asset voting authority.

Legal and Compliance Department staff reviews proxy issues to determine any material conflicts of interest. (See conflicts of interest section of these procedures for further information on determining material conflicts of interest.)

If a material conflict of interest exists, (i) to the extent reasonably practicable and permitted by applicable law, the client is promptly notified, the conflict is disclosed and Western Asset obtains the client’s proxy voting instructions, and (ii) to the extent that it is not reasonably practicable or permitted by applicable law to notify the client and obtain such instructions (e.g., the client is a mutual fund or other commingled vehicle or is an ERISA plan client), Western Asset seeks voting instructions from an independent third party.

Legal and Compliance Department staff provides proxy material to the appropriate research analyst or portfolio manager to obtain their recommended vote. Research analysts and portfolio managers determine votes on a case-by-case basis taking into account the voting guidelines contained in these procedures. For avoidance of doubt, depending on the best interest of each individual client, Western Asset may vote the same proxy differently for different clients. The analyst’s or portfolio manager’s basis for their decision is documented and maintained by the Legal and Compliance Department.

Legal and Compliance Department staff votes the proxy pursuant to the instructions received in (d) or (e) and returns the voted proxy as indicated in the proxy materials.

TIMING

Western Asset personnel act in such a manner to ensure that, absent special circumstances, the proxy gathering and proxy voting steps noted above can be completed before the applicable deadline for returning proxy votes.

RECORDKEEPING

Western Asset maintains records of proxies voted pursuant to Section 204-2 of the Advisers Act and ERISA DOL Bulletin 94-2. These records include: A copy of Western Asset’s policies and procedures.

Copies of proxy statements received regarding client securities.

A copy of any document created by Western Asset that was material to making a decision how to vote proxies.

Each written client request for proxy voting records and Western Asset’s written response to both verbal and written client requests.

A proxy log including:

 

   

Issuer name;

 

   

Exchange ticker symbol of the issuer’s shares to be voted;

 

   

Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures (“CUSIP”) number for the shares to be voted;

 

   

A brief identification of the matter voted on;

 

   

Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a shareholder of the issuer;

 

   

Whether a vote was cast on the matter;

 

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A record of how the vote was cast; and

 

   

Whether the vote was cast for or against the recommendation of the issuer’s management team.

Records are maintained in an easily accessible place for five years, the first two in Western Asset’s offices.

DISCLOSURE

Western Asset’s proxy policies are described in the firm’s Part 2A of Form ADV. Clients will be provided a copy of these policies and procedures upon request. In addition, upon request, clients may receive reports on how their proxies have been voted.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

All proxies are reviewed by the Legal and Compliance Department for material conflicts of interest. Issues to be reviewed include, but are not limited to:

Whether Western (or, to the extent required to be considered by applicable law, its affiliates) manages assets for the company or an employee group of the company or otherwise has an interest in the company;

Whether Western or an officer or director of Western or the applicable portfolio manager or analyst responsible for recommending the proxy vote (together, “Voting Persons”) is a close relative of or has a personal or business relationship with an executive, director or person who is a candidate for director of the company or is a participant in a proxy contest; and Whether there is any other business or personal relationship where a Voting Person has a personal interest in the outcome of the matter before shareholders.

VOTING GUIDELINES

Western Asset’s substantive voting decisions turn on the particular facts and circumstances of each proxy vote and are evaluated by the designated research analyst or portfolio manager. The examples outlined below are meant as guidelines to aid in the decision making process.

Guidelines are grouped according to the types of proposals generally presented to shareholders. Part I deals with proposals which have been approved and are recommended by a company’s board of directors; Part II deals with proposals submitted by shareholders for inclusion in proxy statements; Part III addresses issues relating to voting shares of investment companies; and Part IV addresses unique considerations pertaining to foreign issuers.

BOARD APPROVAL PROPOSALS

The vast majority of matters presented to shareholders for a vote involve proposals made by a company itself that have been approved and recommended by its board of directors. In view of the enhanced corporate governance practices currently being implemented in public companies, Western Asset generally votes in support of decisions reached by independent boards of directors. More specific guidelines related to certain board-approved proposals are as follows:

Matters relating to the Board of Directors—Western Asset votes proxies for the election of the company’s nominees for directors and for board-approved proposals on other matters relating to the board of directors with the following exceptions:

Votes are withheld for the entire board of directors if the board does not have a majority of independent directors or the board does not have nominating, audit and compensation committees composed solely of independent directors.

Votes are withheld for any nominee for director who is considered an independent director by the company and who has received compensation from the company other than for service as a director.

 

C-8


Votes are withheld for any nominee for director who attends less than 75% of board and committee meetings without valid reasons for absences.

Votes are cast on a case-by-case basis in contested elections of directors.

Matters relating to Executive Compensation — Western Asset generally favors compensation programs that relate executive compensation to a company’s long-term performance. Votes are cast on a case-by- case basis on board-approved proposals relating to executive compensation, except as follows:

Except where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, Western Asset votes for stock option plans that will result in a minimal annual dilution.

Western Asset votes against stock option plans or proposals that permit replacing or repricing of underwater options.

Western Asset votes against stock option plans that permit issuance of options with an exercise price below the stock’s current market price.

Except where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, Western Asset votes for employee stock purchase plans that limit the discount for shares purchased under the plan to no more than 15% of their market value, have an offering period of 27 months or less and result in dilution of 10% or less.

Matters relating to Capitalization — The management of a company’s capital structure involves a number of important issues, including cash flows, financing needs and market conditions that are unique to the circumstances of each company. As a result, Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on board- approved proposals involving changes to a company’s capitalization except where Western Asset is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

Western Asset votes for proposals relating to the authorization of additional common stock;

Western Asset votes for proposals to effect stock splits (excluding reverse stock splits);

Western Asset votes for proposals authorizing share repurchase programs;

Matters relating to Acquisitions, Mergers, Reorganizations and Other Transactions;

Western Asset votes these issues on a case-by-case basis on board-approved transactions;

Matters relating to Anti-Takeover Measures — Western Asset votes against board-approved proposals to adopt anti-takeover measures except as follows:

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to ratify or approve shareholder rights plans; Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to adopt fair price provisions.

Other Business Matters — Western Asset votes for board-approved proposals approving such routine business matters such as changing the company’s name, ratifying the appointment of auditors and procedural matters relating to the shareholder meeting.

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to amend a company’s charter or bylaws;

Western Asset votes against authorization to transact other unidentified, substantive business at the meeting.

 

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SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS

SEC regulations permit shareholders to submit proposals for inclusion in a company’s proxy statement. These proposals generally seek to change some aspect of a company’s corporate governance structure or to change some aspect of its business operations. Western Asset votes in accordance with the recommendation of the company’s board of directors on all shareholder proposals, except as follows:

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals to require shareholder approval of shareholder rights plans;

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals that are consistent with Western Asset’s proxy voting guidelines for board-approved proposals;

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on other shareholder proposals where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

VOTING SHARES OF INVESTMENT COMPANIES

Western Asset may utilize shares of open or closed-end investment companies to implement its investment strategies. Shareholder votes for investment companies that fall within the categories listed in Parts I and II above are voted in accordance with those guidelines.

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals relating to changes in the investment objectives of an investment company taking into account the original intent of the fund and the role the fund plays in the clients’ portfolios;

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis all proposals that would result in increases in expenses (e.g., proposals to adopt 12b-1 plans, alter investment advisory arrangements or approve fund mergers) taking into account comparable expenses for similar funds and the services to be provided.

VOTING SHARES OF FOREIGN ISSUERS

In the event Western Asset is required to vote on securities held in non-U.S. issuers – i.e. issuers that are incorporated under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction and that are not listed on a U.S. securities exchange or the NASDAQ stock market, the following guidelines are used, which are premised on the existence of a sound corporate governance and disclosure framework. These guidelines, however, may not be appropriate under some circumstances for foreign issuers and therefore apply only where applicable.

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals calling for a majority of the directors to be independent of management;

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals seeking to increase the independence of board nominating, audit and compensation committees;

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals that implement corporate governance standards similar to those established under U.S. federal law and the listing requirements of U.S. stock exchanges and that do not otherwise violate the laws of the jurisdiction under which the company is incorporated;

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals relating to (1) the issuance of common stock in excess of 20% of a company’s outstanding common stock where shareholders do not have preemptive rights, or (2) the issuance of common stock in excess of 100% of a company’s outstanding common stock where shareholders have preemptive rights.

 

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RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS

For accounts subject to ERISA, as well as other Retirement Accounts, Western Asset is presumed to have the responsibility to vote proxies for the client. The Department of Labor (“DOL”) has issued a bulletin that states that investment managers have the responsibility to vote proxies on behalf of Retirement Accounts unless the authority to vote proxies has been specifically reserved to another named fiduciary.

Furthermore, unless Western Asset is expressly precluded from voting the proxies, the DOL has determined that the responsibility remains with the investment manager.

In order to comply with the DOL’s position, Western Asset will be presumed to have the obligation to vote proxies for its Retirement Accounts unless Western Asset has obtained a specific written instruction indicating that: (a) the right to vote proxies has been reserved to a named fiduciary of the client, and (b) Western Asset is precluded from voting proxies on behalf of the client. If Western Asset does not receive such an instruction, Western Asset will be responsible for voting proxies in the best interests of the Retirement Account client and in accordance with any proxy voting guidelines provided by the client.

CORPORATE ACTIONS

Western Asset must pay strict attention to any corporate actions that are taken with respect to issuers whose securities are held in client accounts. For example, Western Asset must review any tender offers, rights offerings, etc., made in connection with securities owned by clients. Western Asset must also act in a timely manner and in the best interest of each client with respect to any such corporate actions.

Western Asset Management Company Ltd (“WAMJ”)

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

POLICY

As a fixed income only manager, the occasion to vote proxies for WAMJ is very rare. However, the Firm has adopted and implemented policies and procedures that we believe are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients.

While the guidelines included in the procedures are intended to provide a benchmark for voting standards, each vote is ultimately cast on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration the Firm’s contractual obligations to our clients and all other relevant facts and circumstances at the time of the vote (such that these guidelines may be overridden to the extent the Firm deems appropriate).

In exercising its voting authority, WAMJ will not consult or enter into agreements with officers, directors or employees of Franklin Templeton or any of its affiliates (other than Western Asset affiliated companies) regarding the voting of any securities owned by its clients.

PROCEDURE

Responsibility and Oversight

The WAMJ Legal and Compliance Department (“Compliance Department”) is responsible for administering and overseeing the proxy voting process. The gathering of proxies is coordinated through the Corporate Actions area of Investment Operations (“Corporate Actions”). Research analysts and portfolio managers are responsible for determining appropriate voting positions on each proxy utilizing any applicable guidelines contained in these procedures.

 

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Client Authority

The Investment Management Agreement for each client is reviewed at account start-up for proxy voting instructions. If an agreement is silent on proxy voting, but contains an overall delegation of discretionary authority, WAMJ will assume responsibility for proxy voting. The Legal and Compliance Department maintains a matrix of proxy voting authority.

Proxy Gathering

Registered owners of record, client custodians, client banks and trustees (“Proxy Recipients”) that receive proxy materials on behalf of clients should forward them to Corporate Actions. Proxy Recipients for new clients (or, if WAMJ becomes aware that the applicable Proxy Recipient for an existing client has changed, the Proxy Recipient for the existing client) are notified at start-up of appropriate routing to Corporate Actions of proxy materials received and reminded of their responsibility to forward all proxy materials on a timely basis. If WAMJ personnel other than Corporate Actions receive proxy materials, they should promptly forward the materials to Corporate Actions.

Proxy Voting

Once proxy materials are received by Corporate Actions, they are forwarded to the Legal and Compliance Department for coordination and the following actions:

 

  e.

Proxies are reviewed to determine accounts impacted.

  f.

Impacted accounts are checked to confirm WAMJ voting authority.

  g.

Legal and Compliance Department staff reviews proxy issues to determine any material conflicts of interest. (See conflicts of interest section of these procedures for further information on determining material conflicts of interest.)

  h.

If a material conflict of interest exists, (i) to the extent reasonably practicable and permitted by applicable law, the client is promptly notified, the conflict is disclosed and WAMJ obtains the client’s proxy voting instructions, and (ii) to the extent that it is not reasonably practicable or permitted by applicable law to notify the client and obtain such instructions (e.g., the client is a mutual fund or other commingled vehicle), WAMJ seeks voting instructions from an independent third party.

  i.

Legal and Compliance Department staff provides proxy material to the appropriate research analyst or portfolio manager to obtain their recommended vote. Research analysts and portfolio managers determine votes on a case-by-case basis taking into account the voting guidelines contained in these procedures. For avoidance of doubt, depending on the best interest of each individual client, WAMJ may vote the same proxy differently for different clients. The analyst’s or portfolio manager’s basis for their decision is documented and maintained by the Legal and Compliance Department.

  j.

Legal and Compliance Department staff votes the proxy pursuant to the instructions received in (d) or (e) and returns the voted proxy as indicated in the proxy materials.

Timing

WAMJ personnel act in such a manner to ensure that, absent special circumstances, the proxy gathering and proxy voting steps noted above can be completed before the applicable deadline for returning proxy votes.

Recordkeeping

WAMJ maintains records of proxies. These records include:

 

  a.

A copy of WAMJ’s policies and procedures.

  b.

Copies of proxy statements received regarding client securities.

  c.

A copy of any document created by WAMJ that was material to making a decision how to vote proxies.

  d.

Each written client request for proxy voting records and WAMJ’s written response to both verbal and written client requests.

  e.

A proxy log including:

 

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  i.

Issuer name;

  ii.

Exchange ticker symbol of the issuer’s shares to be voted;

  iii.

Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures (“CUSIP”) number for the shares to be voted;

  iv.

A brief identification of the matter voted on;

  v.

Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a shareholder of the issuer;

  vi.

Whether a vote was cast on the matter;

  vii.

A record of how the vote was cast; and

  viii.

Whether the vote was cast for or against the recommendation of the issuer’s management team.

Records are maintained in an easily accessible place for five years, the first two in WAMJ’s offices.

Disclosure

WAMJ’s proxy policies are described in the firm’s Part 2A of Form ADV. Clients will be provided a copy of these policies and procedures upon request. In addition, upon request, clients may receive reports on how their proxies have been voted.

Conflicts of Interest

All proxies are reviewed by the Legal and Compliance Department for material conflicts of interest. Issues to be reviewed include, but are not limited to:

 

  1.

Whether Western (or, to the extent required to be considered by applicable law, its affiliates) manages assets for the company or an employee group of the company or otherwise has an interest in the company;

  2.

Whether Western or an officer or director of Western or the applicable portfolio manager or analyst responsible for recommending the proxy vote (together, “Voting Persons”) is a close relative of or has a personal or business relationship with an executive, director or person who is a candidate for director of the company or is a participant in a proxy contest; and

  3.

Whether there is any other business or personal relationship where a Voting Person has a personal interest in the outcome of the matter before shareholders.

Voting Guidelines

WAMJ’s substantive voting decisions turn on the particular facts and circumstances of each proxy vote and are evaluated by the designated research analyst or portfolio manager. The examples outlined below are meant as guidelines to aid in the decision making process.

Guidelines are grouped according to the types of proposals generally presented to shareholders. Part I deals with proposals which have been approved and are recommended by a company’s board of directors; Part II deals with proposals submitted by shareholders for inclusion in proxy statements; Part III addresses issues relating to voting shares of investment companies; and Part IV addresses unique considerations pertaining to foreign issuers.

 

  1b.

Board Approved Proposals

The vast majority of matters presented to shareholders for a vote involve proposals made by a company itself that have been approved and recommended by its board of directors. In view of the enhanced corporate governance practices currently being implemented in public companies, WAMJ generally votes in support of decisions reached by independent boards of directors. More specific guidelines related to certain board-approved proposals are as follows:

 

  1.

Matters relating to the Board of Directors

WAMJ votes proxies for the election of the company’s nominees for directors and for board-approved proposals on other matters relating to the board of directors with the following exceptions:

 

  i.

Votes are withheld for the entire board of directors if the board does not have a majority of independent directors or the board does not have nominating, audit and compensation committees composed solely of independent directors.

 

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  ii.

Votes are withheld for any nominee for director who is considered an independent director by the company and who has received compensation from the company other than for service as a director.

  iii.

Votes are withheld for any nominee for director who attends less than 75% of board and committee meetings without valid reasons for absences.

  iv.

Votes are cast on a case-by-case basis in contested elections of directors.

  b.

Matters relating to Executive Compensation

WAMJ generally favors compensation programs that relate executive compensation to a company’s long- term performance. Votes are cast on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals relating to executive compensation, except as follows:

 

  i.

Except where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, WAMJ votes for stock option plans that will result in a minimal annual dilution.

  ii.

WAMJ votes against stock option plans or proposals that permit replacing or repricing of underwater options.

  iii.

WAMJ votes against stock option plans that permit issuance of options with an exercise price below the stock’s current market price.

  iv.

Except where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, WAMJ votes for employee stock purchase plans that limit the discount for shares purchased under the plan to no more than 15% of their market value, have an offering period of 27 months or less and result in dilution of 10% or less.

  c.

Matters relating to Capitalization

The management of a company’s capital structure involves a number of important issues, including cash flows, financing needs and market conditions that are unique to the circumstances of each company. As a result, WAMJ votes on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals involving changes to a company’s capitalization except where WAMJ is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

 

  i.

WAMJ votes for proposals relating to the authorization of additional common stock.

  ii.

WAMJ votes for proposals to effect stock splits (excluding reverse stock splits).

  iii.

WAMJ votes for proposals authorizing share repurchase programs.

  d.

Matters relating to Acquisitions, Mergers, Reorganizations and Other Transactions

WAMJ votes these issues on a case-by-case basis on board-approved transactions.

 

  e.

Matters relating to Anti-Takeover Measures

WAMJ votes against board-approved proposals to adopt anti-takeover measures except as follows:

 

  i.

WAMJ votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to ratify or approve shareholder rights plans.

  ii.

WAMJ votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to adopt fair price provisions.

  f.

Other Business Matters

WAMJ votes for board-approved proposals approving such routine business matters such as changing the company’s name, ratifying the appointment of auditors and procedural matters relating to the shareholder meeting.

 

  i.

WAMJ votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to amend a company’s charter or bylaws.

  ii.

WAMJ votes against authorization to transact other unidentified, substantive business at the meeting.

  2b.

Shareholder Proposals

SEC regulations permit shareholders to submit proposals for inclusion in a company’s proxy statement. These proposals generally seek to change some aspect of a company’s corporate governance structure or to change some aspect of its business operations. WAMJ votes in accordance with the recommendation of the company’s board of directors on all shareholder proposals, except as follows:

 

  a.

WAMJ votes for shareholder proposals to require shareholder approval of shareholder rights plans.

  iii.

WAMJ votes for shareholder proposals that are consistent with WAMJ’s proxy voting guidelines for board-approved proposals.

  iv.

WAMJ votes on a case-by-case basis on other shareholder proposals where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

  3b.

Voting Shares of Investment Companies

 

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WAMJ may utilize shares of open or closed-end investment companies to implement its investment strategies. Shareholder votes for investment companies that fall within the categories listed in Parts I and II above are voted in accordance with those guidelines.

 

   

WAMJ votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals relating to changes in the investment objectives of an investment company taking into account the original intent of the fund and the role the fund plays in the clients’ portfolios.

 

   

WAMJ votes on a case-by-case basis all proposals that would result in increases in expenses (e.g., proposals to adopt 12b-1 plans, alter investment advisory arrangements or approve fund mergers) taking into account comparable expenses for similar funds and the services to be provided.

 

  4b.

Voting Shares of Foreign Issuers

In the event WAMJ is required to vote on securities held in non-U.S. issuers – i.e. issuers that are incorporated under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction and that are not listed on a U.S. securities exchange or the NASDAQ stock market, the following guidelines are used, which are premised on the existence of a sound corporate governance and disclosure framework. These guidelines, however, may not be appropriate under some circumstances for foreign issuers and therefore apply only where applicable.

 

  1.

WAMJ votes for shareholder proposals calling for a majority of the directors to be independent of management.

  g.

WAMJ votes for shareholder proposals seeking to increase the independence of board nominating, audit and compensation committees.

  h.

WAMJ votes for shareholder proposals that implement corporate governance standards similar to those established under U.S. federal law and the listing requirements of U.S. stock exchanges, and that do not otherwise violate the laws of the jurisdiction under which the company is incorporated.

WAMJ votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals relating to (1) the issuance of common stock in excess of 20% of a company’s outstanding common stock where shareholders do not have preemptive rights, or (2) the issuance of common stock in excess of 100% of a company’s outstanding common stock where shareholders have preemptive rights.

Western Asset Management Company Pte. Ltd. (“WAMS”)

Compliance Policies and Procedures

Proxy Voting

WAMS has adopted and implemented policies and procedures that we believe are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with our fiduciary duties and the applicable laws and regulations. In addition to SEC requirements governing advisers, our proxy voting policies reflect the long-standing fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts.

While the guidelines included in the procedures are intended to provide a benchmark for voting standards, each vote is ultimately cast on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration the Firm’s contractual obligations to our clients and all other relevant facts and circumstances at the time of the vote (such that these guidelines may be overridden to the extent the Firm deems appropriate).

In exercising its voting authority, WAMS will not consult or enter into agreements with officers, directors or employees of Franklin Templeton or any of its affiliates (other than Western Asset affiliated companies) regarding the voting of any securities owned by its clients.

 

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Procedure

Responsibility and Oversight

The Western Asset Legal and Compliance Department is responsible for administering and overseeing the proxy voting process. The gathering of proxies is coordinated through the Corporate Actions area of Investment Support (“Corporate Actions”). Research analysts and portfolio managers are responsible for determining appropriate voting positions on each proxy utilizing any applicable guidelines contained in these procedures.

Client Authority

The Investment Management Agreement for each client is reviewed at account start-up for proxy voting instructions. If an agreement is silent on proxy voting, but contains an overall delegation of discretionary authority or if the account represents assets of an ERISA plan, Western Asset will assume responsibility for proxy voting. The Legal and Compliance Department maintains a matrix of proxy voting authority.

Proxy Gathering

Registered owners of record, client custodians, client banks and trustees (“Proxy Recipients”) that receive proxy materials on behalf of clients should forward them to Corporate Actions. Proxy Recipients for new clients (or, if Western Asset becomes aware that the applicable Proxy Recipient for an existing client has changed, the Proxy Recipient for the existing client) are notified at start-up of appropriate routing to Corporate Actions of proxy materials received and reminded of their responsibility to forward all proxy materials on a timely basis. If Western Asset personnel other than Corporate Actions receive proxy materials, they should promptly forward the materials to Corporate Actions.

Proxy Voting

Once proxy materials are received by Corporate Actions, they are forwarded to the Legal and Compliance Department for coordination and the following actions:

 

  1.

Proxies are reviewed to determine accounts impacted.

  2.

Impacted accounts are checked to confirm Western Asset voting authority.

  3.

Legal and Compliance Department staff reviews proxy issues to determine any material conflicts of interest. [See conflicts of interest section of these procedures for further information on determining material conflicts of interest.]

  4.

If a material conflict of interest exists, (4.1) to the extent reasonably practicable and permitted by applicable law, the client is promptly notified, the conflict is disclosed and Western Asset obtains the client’s proxy voting instructions, and (4.2) to the extent that it is not reasonably practicable or permitted by applicable law to notify the client and obtain such instructions (e.g., the client is a mutual fund or other commingled vehicle or is an ERISA plan client), Western Asset seeks voting instructions from an independent third party.

  5.

Legal and Compliance Department staff provides proxy material to the appropriate research analyst or portfolio manager to obtain their recommended vote. Research analysts and portfolio managers determine votes on a case-by-case basis taking into account the voting guidelines contained in these procedures. For avoidance of doubt, depending on the best interest of each individual client, Western Asset may vote the same proxy differently for different clients. The analyst’s or portfolio manager’s basis for their decision is documented and maintained by the Legal and Compliance Department.

  6.

Legal and Compliance Department staff votes the proxy pursuant to the instructions received in (4) or (5) and returns the voted proxy as indicated in the proxy materials.

Timing

Western Asset personnel act in such a manner to ensure that, absent special circumstances, the proxy gathering and proxy voting steps noted above can be completed before the applicable deadline for returning proxy votes.

 

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Recordkeeping

Western Asset maintains records of proxies voted pursuant to Section 204-2 of the Advisers Act and ERISA DOL Bulletin 94-2. These records include:

 

   

A copy of Western Asset’s policies and procedures.

 

   

Copies of proxy statements received regarding client securities.

 

   

A copy of any document created by Western Asset that was material to making a decision how to vote proxies.

 

   

Each written client request for proxy voting records and Western Asset’s written response to both verbal and written client requests.

 

   

A proxy log including:

 

   

Issuer name;

 

   

Exchange ticker symbol of the issuer’s shares to be voted;

 

   

Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures (“CUSIP”) number for the shares to be voted;

 

   

A brief identification of the matter voted on;

 

   

Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a shareholder of the issuer;

 

   

Whether a vote was cast on the matter;

 

   

A record of how the vote was cast; and

Whether the vote was cast for or against the recommendation of the issuer’s management team. Records are maintained in an easily accessible place for five years, the first two in Western Asset’s offices.

Disclosure

Western Asset’s proxy policies are described in the firm’s Part 2A of Form ADV. Clients will be provided a copy of these policies and procedures upon request. In addition, upon request, clients may receive reports on how their proxies have been voted.

Conflicts of Interest

All proxies are reviewed by the Legal and Compliance Department for material conflicts of interest. Issues to be reviewed include, but are not limited to:

 

   

Whether Western (or, to the extent required to be considered by applicable law, it affiliates) manages assets for the company or an employee group of the company or otherwise has an interest in the company;

 

   

Whether Western or an officer or director of Western or the applicable portfolio manager or analyst responsible for recommending the proxy vote (together, “Voting Persons”) is a close relative of or has a personal or business relationship with an executive, director or person who is a candidate for director of the company or is a participant in a proxy contest; and

 

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Whether there is any other business or personal relationship where a Voting Person has a personal interest in the outcome of the matter before shareholders.

Voting Guidelines

Western Asset’s substantive voting decisions turn on the particular facts and circumstances of each proxy vote and are evaluated by the designated research analyst or portfolio manager. The examples outlined below are meant as guidelines to aid the decision making process.

Guidelines are grouped according to the types of proposals generally presented to shareholders. Part 1 deals with proposals which have been approved and are recommended by a company’s board of directors; Part 2 deals with proposals submitted by shareholders for inclusion in proxy statements; Part 3 addresses issues relating to voting shares of investment companies; and Part 4 addresses unique considerations pertaining to foreign issuers.

Part 1 Board Approved Proposals

The vast majority of matters presented to shareholders for a vote involve proposals made by a company itself that have been approved and recommended by its board of directors. In view of the enhanced corporate governance practices currently being implemented in public companies, Western Asset generally votes in support of decisions reached by independent boards of directors. More specific guidelines related to certain board-approved proposals are as follows:

 

   

Matters relating to the Board of Directors.

Western Asset votes proxies for the election of the company’s nominees for directors and for board-approved proposals on other matters relating to the board of directors with the following exceptions:

 

   

Votes are withheld for the entire board of directors if the board does not have a majority of independent directors or the board does not have nominating, audit and compensation committees composed solely of independent directors.

 

   

Votes are withheld for any nominee for director who is considered an independent director by the company and who has received compensation from the company other than for service as a director.

 

   

Votes are withheld for any nominee for director who attends less than 75% of board and committee meetings without valid reasons for absences.

 

   

Votes are cast on a case-by-case basis in contested elections of directors.

 

   

Matters relating to Executive Compensation.

Western Asset generally favors compensation programs that relate executive compensation to a company’s long-term performance. Votes are cast on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals relating to executive compensation, except as follows:

 

   

Except where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, Western Asset votes for stock option plans that will result in a minimal annual dilution.

 

   

Western Asset votes against stock option plans or proposals that permit replacing or re-pricing of underwater options.

 

   

Western Asset votes against stock option plans that permit issuance of options with an exercise price below the stock’s current market price.

 

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Except where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, Western Asset votes for employee stock purchase plans that limit the discount for shares purchased under the plan to no more than 15% of their market value, have an offering period of 27 months or less and result in dilution of 10% or less.

 

   

Matters relating to Capitalization.

The management of a company’s capital structure involves a number of important issues, including cash flows, financing needs and market conditions that are unique to the circumstances of each company. As a result, Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals involving changes to a company’s capitalization except where Western Asset is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

 

   

Western Asset votes for proposals relating to the authorization of additional common stock.

 

   

Western Asset votes for proposals to effect stock splits (excluding reverse stock splits).

 

   

Western Asset votes for proposals authorizing share repurchase programs.

 

   

Matters relating to Acquisitions, Mergers, Reorganizations and Other Transactions. Western Asset votes these issues on a case-by-case basis on board-approved transactions.

 

   

Matters relating to Anti-Takeover Measures. Western Asset votes against board-approved proposals to adopt anti-takeover measures except as follows:

 

   

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to ratify or approve shareholder right plans.

 

   

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to adopt fair price provisions.

 

   

Other Business Matters. Western Asset votes for board-approved proposals approving such routine business matters such as changing the company’s name, ratifying the appointment of auditors and procedural matters relating to the shareholder meeting.

 

   

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals to amend a company’s charter or bylaws.

 

   

Western Asset votes against authorization to transact other unidentified, substantive business at the meeting.

Part 2 Shareholder Proposals

SEC regulations permit shareholders to submit proposals for inclusion in a company’s proxy statement. These proposals generally seek to change some aspect of a company’s corporate governance structure or to change some aspect of its business operations. Western Asset votes in accordance with the recommendation of the company’s board of directors on all shareholder proposals, except as follows:

 

   

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals to require shareholder approval of shareholder rights plans.

 

   

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals that are consistent with Western Asset’s proxy voting guidelines for board-approved proposals.

 

   

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on other shareholder proposals where the firm is otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

 

C-19


Part 3 Voting Shares of Investment Companies

Western Asset may utilize shares of open or closed-end investment companies to implement its investment strategies. Shareholder votes for investment companies that fall within the categories listed in Parts 1 and 2 above are voted in accordance with those guidelines.

 

   

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals relating to changes in the investment objectives of an investment company taking into account the original intent of the fund and the role the fund plays in the clients’ portfolios.

 

   

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis all proposals that would result in increases in expenses (e.g. proposals to adopt 12b-1 plans, alter investment advisory arrangements or approve fund mergers) taking into account comparable expenses for similar funds and the services to be provided.

Part 4 Voting Shares of Foreign Issuers

In the event Western Asset is required to vote on securities held in non-U.S. issuers –i.e. issuers that are incorporated under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction and that are not listed on a U.S. securities exchange or the

NASDAQ stock market, the following guidelines are used, which are premised on the existence of a sound corporate governance and disclosure framework. These guidelines, however, may not be appropriate under some circumstances for foreign issuers and therefore apply only where applicable.

 

   

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals calling for a majority of the directors to be independent of management.

 

   

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals seeking to increase the independence of board nominating, audit and compensation committees.

 

   

Western Asset votes for shareholder proposals that implement corporate governance standards similar to those established under U.S. federal law and the listing requirements of U.S. stock exchanges, and that do not otherwise violate the laws of the jurisdiction under which the company is incorporated.

 

   

Western Asset votes on a case-by-case basis on proposals relating to (1) the issuance of common stock in excess of 20% of a company’s outstanding common stock where shareholders do not have pre-emptive rights, or (2) the issuance of common stock in excess of 100% of a company’s outstanding common stock where shareholders have pre-emptive rights.

Retirement Accounts

For accounts subject to ERISA, as well as other Retirement Accounts, Western Asset is presumed to have the responsibility to vote proxies for the client. The Department of Labor (“DOL”) has issued a bulletin that states that investment managers have the responsibility to vote proxies on behalf of Retirement Accounts unless the authority to vote proxies has been specifically reserved to another named fiduciary. Furthermore, unless Western Asset is expressly precluded from voting the proxies, the DOL has determined that the responsibility remains with the investment manager.

In order to comply with the DOL’s position, Western Asset will be presumed to have the obligation to vote proxies for its Retirement Accounts unless Western Asset has obtained a specific written instruction indicating that: (1) the right to vote proxies has been reserved to a named fiduciary of the client, and (2) Western Asset is precluded from voting proxies on behalf of the client. If Western Asset does not receive such an instruction, Western Asset will be responsible for voting proxies in the best interests of the Retirement Account client and in accordance with any proxy voting guidelines provided by the client.

 

C-20


PART C

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 25. Financial Statements and Exhibits

The agreements included or incorporated by reference as exhibits to this Registration Statement contain representations and warranties by each of the parties to the applicable agreement. These representations and warranties were made solely for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable agreement and (i) were not intended to be treated as categorical statements of fact, but rather as a way of allocating the risk to one of the parties if those statements prove to be inaccurate; (ii) may have been qualified in such agreement by disclosures that were made to the other party in connection with the negotiation of the applicable agreement; (iii) may apply contract standards of “materiality” that are different from “materiality” under the applicable securities laws; and (iv) were made only as of the date of the applicable agreement or such other date or dates as may be specified in the agreement.

The Registrant acknowledges that, notwithstanding the inclusion of the foregoing cautionary statements, it is responsible for considering whether additional specific disclosures of material information regarding material contractual provisions are required to make the statements in this registration statement not misleading.

 

(1)   Financial Statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023
Part A   Financial Highlights
Part B   Incorporated into Part B by reference to Registrant’s most recent Certified Shareholder Report on Form N-CSR, filed March 1, 2024, as amended on August 5, 2024 (File No. 811-23598):
  Schedule of Investments at December 31, 2023
  Statement of Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2023
  Statement of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2023
  Statements of Changes in Net Assets for the Year Ended December 31, 2023
  Notes to Financial Statements for the Year Ended December 31, 2023
  Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the Year Ended December 31, 2023
(2)   Exhibits
(a)(1)   Certificate of Trust. (1)
(a)(2)   Second Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust. (2)
(b)   Amended and Restated Bylaws.(3)
(c)   Not Applicable
(d)   Article VI and Article VII of the Declaration of Trust filed herewith as Exhibit (a).
(e)   Dividend Reinvestment Plan. (5)
(f)   Not Applicable
(g)(1)   Investment Management Agreement between the Registrant and Franklin Templeton Fund Adviser, LLC (f/k/a Legg Mason Partners Fund Advisor, LLC). (5)
(g)(2)   Subadvisory Agreement between Franklin Templeton Fund Adviser, LLC (f/k/a Legg Mason Partners Fund Advisor, LLC) and Western Asset Management Company. (5)
(g)(3)   Subadvisory Agreement between Western Asset Management Company and Western Asset Management Company Limited. (5)


(g)(4)

   Subadvisory Agreement between Western Asset Management Company and Western Asset Management Company Pte. Ltd. (5)

(g)(5)

   Subadvisory Agreement between Western Asset Management Company and Western Asset Management Company Ltd. (5)

(h)(1)

   Underwriting Agreement.**

(i)

   Not Applicable

(j)(1)

   Custodian Agreement. (4)

(j)(2)

   Amendment No. 9 to the Fund Custodian Agreement, dated May 1, 2021.(4)

(k)(1)

   Transfer Agency and Service Agreement. (4)

(k)(2)

   Amendment No. 9 to the Fund Transfer Agency Agreement, dated March 19, 2021.(5)

(k)(3)

   Fund Accounting Services Agreements between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon, dated January 1, 2018. (2)

(k)(4)

   Amendment No. 8 to the Fund Accounting Services Agreement, dated January 1, 2018, dated May 1, 2021. (2)

(k)(5)

   Master Margin Loan Agreement with the Bank of New York Mellon, dated November 21, 2023.(6)

(l)

   Opinion and Consent of Venable LLP.(6)

(m)

   Not Applicable

(n)

   Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consent.(6)

(o)

   Not Applicable

(q)

   Not Applicable

(r)(1)

   Code of Ethics of the Registrant and FTFA.(6)

(r)(2)

   Code of Ethics of Western Asset. (4)

(s)

   Filing Fee Table.(6)

(t)

   Power of Attorney. (6)

 

(1)

Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2, Registration Nos. 333-240200 and 811-23598 (filed on July 30, 2020).

 
(2)

Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2, Registration Nos. 333-240200 and 811-23598 (filed on May 25, 2021).

 
(3)

Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, File No. 811-23598 (filed on November 20, 2024).

 
(4)

Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2, Registration Nos. 333-240200 and 811-23598 (filed on November 17, 2020)

 
(5)

Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2, Registration Nos. 333-240200 and 811-23598 (filed on June 24, 2021).

 
(6)

Filed herewith.

 
**

To be filed by amendment.

 

Item 26. Marketing Arrangements

Reference is made to the sales agreement for the Registrant’s common shares incorporated by reference herein or the form of underwriting agreement to be filed as an exhibit in a post-effective amendment to the Registrant’s Registration Statement and the section entitled “Plan of Distribution” contained in Registrant’s Prospectus incorporated by reference herein.


Item 27. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution

The following table sets forth the estimated expenses to be incurred in connection with the offering described in this Registration Statement:

 

SEC registration fee

   $ 45,930  

Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Fee

     45,500  

Accounting fees and expenses

     10,000  

Legal fees and expenses

     100,000  

Total

   $  251,430  

Item 28. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant

None.

Item 29. Number of Holders of Shares

As of December 1, 2024:

 

Title Of Class

   Number Of
Record Holders

Common Shares of Beneficial Interest

   1

Item 30. Indemnification

Maryland law permits a Maryland statutory trust to include in its declaration of trust a provision limiting the liability of its trustees and officers to the trust and its shareholders for money damages except for liability resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty that is established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. The Registrant’s Declaration of Trust contains such a provision that limits present and former trustees’ and officers’ liability to the Registrant and its shareholders for money damages to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, subject to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”).

The Registrant’s Declaration of Trust obligates it to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, to pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to:

 

   

any present or former trustee or officer who is made, or threatened to be made, a party to, or witness in, a proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity; or

 

   

any individual who, while a trustee or officer of the Registrant and at the Registrant’s request, serves or has served as a director, trustee, officer, member, manager or partner of another corporation, real estate investment trust, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or any other enterprise and who is made, or threatened to be made, a party to, or witness in, the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity.

The Registrant’s Declaration of Trust also permits it, with Board approval, to indemnify and advance expenses to any person who served a predecessor of the Registrant in any of the capacities described above and to any employee or agent of the Registrant or a predecessor of the Registrant. The Registrant has entered into an agreement with each trustee and officer of the Registrant pursuant to which the Registrant has agreed to advance expenses and costs incurred by the indemnitee in connection with any matter in respect of which indemnification might be sought pursuant to the Declaration of Trust to the maximum extent permitted by law.

In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Registrant will not indemnify any trustee or officer of the Registrant against any liability to the Registrant or its security holders to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason


of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.

Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Adviser

The descriptions of FTFA, Western Asset, Western Asset London, Western Asset Singapore and Western Asset Japan under the caption “Management of the Fund” in the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of this Registration Statement are incorporated by reference herein. Information as to the trustees and officers of FTFA, Western Asset, Western Asset London, Western Asset Singapore and Western Asset Japan, together with information as to any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by the trustees and officers of FTFA and Western Asset in the last two years, is included in their respective applications for registration as an investment adviser on Form ADV (File Nos. 801-66785, 801-08162, 801-21068, 801-67298 and 801-143388, respectively) filed under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 32. Location of Accounts and Records

The accounts and records of the Registrant are maintained at the office of the Registrant at 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York 10018.

Item 33. Management Services

Not applicable.

Item 34. Undertakings

1. (1) Registrant undertakes to suspend the offering of its shares until the prospectus is amended if (1) subsequent to the effective date of this registration statement, its net asset value declines more than ten percent from its net asset value as of the effective date of this registration statement or (2) its net asset value increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds as stated in the prospectus.

(2) Not applicable

(3) Not applicable

(4) Registrant undertakes that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act:

(a) the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under Rule 424(b)(1) or Rule 497(h) shall be deemed to be a part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective; and

(b) each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus will be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(5) Not applicable

(6) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in


the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

(7) Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any prospectus or Statement of Additional Information.


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York on the 18th day of December, 2024.

 

    WESTERN ASSET DIVERSIFIED INCOME FUND   
    By:   

/s/ Jane Trust

     
       Trustee, Chief Executive Officer and President   

Pursuant to the requirements of the 1933 Act, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following person in the capacity and on the date indicated.

 

Signature

  

Title

  

Date

     

/s/ Jane Trust

   Chief Executive Officer, President and Director (Principal Executive Officer)    December 18, 2024   
Jane Trust

/s/ Christopher Berarducci

   Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer    December 18, 2024   
Christopher Berarducci

/s/ Robert D. Agdern*

   Trustee    December 18, 2024   
Robert D. Agdern

/s/ Carol L. Colman*

   Trustee    December 18, 2024   
Carol L. Colman

/s/ Daniel P. Cronin*

   Trustee    December 18, 2024   
Daniel P. Cronin

/s/ Paolo M. Cucchi*

   Trustee    December 18, 2024   
Paolo M. Cucchi

/s/ Anthony Grillo*

   Trustee    December 18, 2024   
Anthony Grillo

/s/ Eileen A. Kamerick*

   Chair, Trustee    December 18, 2024   
Eileen A. Kamerick

/s/ Nisha Kumar*

   Trustee    December 18, 2024   
Nisha Kumar


/s/ Peter Mason*

   Trustee    December 18, 2024      
Peter Mason         

/s/ Hillary A. Sale*

   Trustee    December 18, 2024   
Hillary A. Sale         

 

*By:  

/s/ Jane Trust

  Jane Trust
  As Agent or Attorney-in-fact
December 18, 2024

The original power of attorney authorizing Jane Trust to execute this Registration Statement, and any amendments thereto, for the Trustees of the Registrant on whose behalf this Registration Statement is filed herewith as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2.

Schedule of Exhibits to Form N-2

 

Exhibit No.   

Exhibit

(k)(5)    Master Margin Loan Agreement with the Bank of New York Mellon, dated November 21, 2023
(l)    Opinion and Consent of Venable LLP.
(n)    Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consent.
(r)(1)    Code of Ethics of the Registrant and FTFA.
(s)    Filing Fee Table.
(t)    Power of Attorney.