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Debt
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt
Debt
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
 
 
December 31,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
LONG-TERM DEBT
 
 
 
12.75% Senior Secured Notes due December 15, 2016
$

 
$
6,681

7.0% Convertible Notes due December 15, 2017
41

 
57,500

11.0% Senior Secured Term Loan Credit Facilities due September 14, 2018
99,500

 

12.75% Senior Secured Notes due December 15, 2018
177,019

 
203,319

Revolving Credit Facility due December 10, 2019

 
66,100

5.25% Convertible Notes due December 30, 2019
22,323

 

Other, primarily capital leases
96

 
428

Plus: derivative liability for embedded conversion feature
403

 

Less: unamortized discount
(7,587
)
 
(12,255
)
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs
(5,199
)
 
(4,147
)
Total long-term debt
$
286,596

 
$
317,626

Less: current portion
137

 
7,012

Total long-term portion
$
286,459

 
$
310,614


Secured Notes
In February 2016, the Company completed a private exchange offer and consent solicitation (the “Exchange Offer”) to certain eligible holders to exchange new 12.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2018 (the “New Secured Notes”) for the Company’s outstanding 12.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2016 (the "Secured Notes"). In connection with the Exchange Offer, the Company issued $203,319 aggregate principal amount of New Secured Notes. In conjunction with the Exchange Offer, the Company solicited consents to certain proposed amendments to the Secured Notes and the related indenture (the “Existing Indenture”) providing for, among other things, elimination of substantially all restrictive covenants and certain events of default in the Existing Indenture and releasing all of the collateral securing the Secured Notes and related guarantees. In May 2016, the Company entered into an agreement providing for the exchange of $1,200 aggregate principal amount of Secured Notes for $1,200 aggregate principal amount of New Secured Notes. On August 1, 2016, the Company issued a notice of redemption with respect to the remaining outstanding Secured Notes and deposited $5,629 with the trustee (representing the aggregate principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the August 31, 2016 redemption date) to effect a satisfaction and discharge of the indenture governing the Secured Notes. There is no principal amount of Secured Notes outstanding at December 31, 2016.
The New Secured Notes have substantially the same terms as the Secured Notes except for the following principal differences: (i) the New Secured Notes were offered pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, and do not have the benefit of any exchange offer or other registration rights, (ii) the New Secured Notes effectively extend the maturity date of the Secured Notes to December 15, 2018, unless the Company is unable to both (a) complete the exchange of a portion of its 7.0% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017 (the "Convertible Notes") on or prior to June 30, 2016, and (b) redeem, on one or more occasions (each, a “Special Redemption”), an aggregate of not less than $27,500 of aggregate principal amount of the New Secured Notes on or prior to October 31, 2016, using cash available to the Company and/or net proceeds from sales of assets of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary outside the ordinary course of business (other than net proceeds derived from the sale of accounts receivable and inventory (the “Designated Asset Sale Proceeds”)), subject to a penalty equal to 4.00% of the outstanding principal, payable in cash and/or stock, in the Company’s sole discretion (the “Special Redemption Condition”), in which case the maturity date of the New Secured Notes will be September 14, 2017, (iii) the New Secured Notes provide that, whether or not the Special Redemption Condition is satisfied, the Company will have an obligation to effect Special Redemptions using Designated Asset Sale Proceeds or other permissible funds until such time as the aggregate amount of Special Redemptions equals $40,000, (iv) the New Secured Notes contain modifications to the asset sale covenant providing that the Company shall not use any net proceeds from asset sales outside the ordinary course of business to redeem, repay or prepay the Convertible Notes, and (v) the granting of a third-priority lien on the collateral securing the New Secured Notes for the benefit of new Convertible Notes is a permitted lien under the indenture. The Company completed the exchange of a portion of its Convertible Notes prior to June 30, 2016, and satisfied the Special Redemption Condition by issuing an irrevocable notice of redemption for $27,500 of aggregate principal amount of New Secured Notes on October 31, 2016. Those New Secured Notes were subsequently redeemed on November 9, 2016.
The New Secured Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by certain 100% owned domestic subsidiaries of the Company (the “Guarantors”). The New Secured Notes and the related guarantees are secured by a lien on substantially all of the Company's and the Guarantors' assets, subject to certain exceptions and permitted liens pursuant to a pledge and security agreement. The terms of the New Secured Notes contain numerous covenants imposing financial and operating restrictions on the Company's business. These covenants place restrictions on the Company's ability and the ability of its subsidiaries to, among other things, pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions or restricted payments; incur indebtedness or issue common stock; make certain investments; create liens; agree to payment restrictions affecting certain subsidiaries; consolidate or merge; sell or otherwise transfer or dispose of assets, including equity interests of certain subsidiaries; enter into transactions with affiliates; enter into sale and leaseback transactions; and use the proceeds of permitted sales of the Company's assets.
The Company may redeem some or all of the New Secured Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The New Secured Notes also contain a provision that allows holders of the New Secured Notes to require the Company to repurchase all or any part of the New Secured Notes if a change of control triggering event occurs. Under this provision, the repurchase of the New Secured Notes will occur at a purchase price of 101% of the outstanding principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on such New Secured Notes to the date of repurchase. In addition, upon certain asset sales, the Company may be required to offer to use the net proceeds thereof to purchase some of the New Secured Notes at 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The New Secured Notes require that the Company make, subject to certain conditions and within 95 days of the end of each fiscal year beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016, an offer to purchase the New Secured Notes with (i) 75% of excess cash flow (as defined in the New Secured Notes indenture) until the Company has offered to purchase up to $50,000 in aggregate principal amount of the notes, (ii) 50% of excess cash flow until the Company has offered to purchase up to $75,000 in aggregate principal amount of the notes, (iii) 25% of the excess cash flow until the Company has offered to purchase up to $100,000 in aggregate principal amount of the notes and (iv) 0% thereafter, in each case, at 103% of the principal amount, thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The Company determined that the Exchange Offer was considered to be a troubled debt restructuring within the scope of ASC No. 470-60, "Debt-Troubled Debt Restructurings", as the Company was determined to be experiencing financial difficulties and was granted a concession by the eligible holders. Accordingly, for the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company has expensed the eligible holder consent fees and related legal and other direct costs incurred in conjunction with the Exchange Offer in debt restructuring loss, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
The Company pays interest on the New Secured Notes at a rate of 12.75% per annum in cash semi-annually.
Secured Term Loan Credit Facilities
On December 8, 2016, the Company entered into new secured credit facilities (the “Credit Facilities”) with certain financial institutions (the "Financial Institutions") in order to replace and repay outstanding borrowings and support the continuance of letters of credit under the Company's senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). The Credit Facilities are in the form of senior secured first-lien term loan facilities in an aggregate principal amount of up to $112,000. In connection with the closing of the Credit Facilities, commitments pursuant to the Revolving Credit Facility were terminated, liens granted to the collateral agent pursuant thereto were released in full, and Revolving Credit Facility borrowings outstanding were repaid by the Company using proceeds from the Credit Facilities. Letters of credit previously issued under the Revolving Credit Facility were cash collateralized, resulting in $7,968 of restricted cash that is reflected in other noncurrent assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2016.
The Credit Facilities consist of a $75,000 initial term loan facility funded at closing and a $37,000 delayed-draw term loan facility (the “Delayed Draw Facility”). Under the Delayed Draw Facility, $24,500 was available in December 2016 and $12,500 is expected to be available in June 2017 or thereafter. In December 2016, the Company borrowed the $24,500 of the Delayed Draw Facility available in accordance with its terms.
The funding of the Credit Facilities was subject to original issue discount in an amount equal to 3.0% of the full principal amount of the Credit Facilities. The Credit Facilities bear interest at a rate per annum equal to 11.0%, payable monthly in arrears. The outstanding principal amount of the Credit Facilities and all accrued and unpaid interest thereon will be due and be payable on September 14, 2018.
In connection with the closing of the Credit Facilities, the Financial Institutions were issued warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of 5,000 shares of the Company's common stock, pro rata based on the principal amount of each Financial Institution’s commitment in the Credit Facilities. Warrants to purchase 2,500 shares have an exercise price of $0.50 per share, and Warrants to purchase 2,500 shares have an exercise price of $0.65 per share. The Warrants were exercisable upon issuance and expire on June 8, 2018.
The Company determined that the Warrants are freestanding contracts that are indexed to the Company's common stock and meet the criteria for classification as equity under the authoritative accounting guidance. Accordingly, the Company separately recognized and valued the Warrants at an initial carrying value of $200, which was recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital, with a corresponding increase in the discount to the Credit Facilities proceeds. The initial carrying amount of the Warrants will not be adjusted to fair value in future periods unless they no longer qualify for equity classification.
The shares of the Company's common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants are subject to registration rights under a customary registration rights agreement, dated December 8, 2016, which provides for the filing of a registration statement on Form S-3 (or another appropriate form, if Form S-3 is unavailable) to register the resale of such common stock. Under the terms of the registration rights agreement, the Company has agreed to use its best efforts to effect the registration of the shares of the Company's common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, but the Company is not subject to any penalty if its efforts are unsuccessful.
All obligations of the Company under the Credit Facilities are guaranteed on a senior-secured basis by each direct and indirect, existing and future, domestic or Canadian subsidiary of the Company (the “Subsidiary Guarantors” and together with the Company, the “Credit Parties”). All obligations under the Credit Facilities are secured on a first-priority basis by a perfected security interest in substantially all assets of the Credit Parties (subject to certain exceptions for permitted liens). The Company agreed to add its foreign subsidiaries as guarantors and to direct such subsidiaries to grant a security interest in substantially all of their respective assets, subject to certain exceptions, as soon as possible after closing.
The Credit Facilities agreement contains numerous covenants that, if breached, could result in a default under the agreement. These covenants include a financial covenant that requires the Company to maintain a minimum amount of consolidated adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the agreement) during various applicable fiscal periods beginning with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2017. The Company is also required to maintain specified minimum amounts of net working capital (as defined in the agreement) and consolidated liquidity (as defined in the agreement) of at least $20,000. While not legally restricted, a compensating balance of $7,500 was required to be maintained by the Company as of December 31, 2016 to satisfy the consolidated liquidity requirement. The remaining minimum liquidity requirement was met with the $12,500 undrawn amount under the Delayed Draw Facility. The Credit Facilities agreement also provides that a default could result from the occurrence of any condition, act, event or development that results or could be reasonably expected to result in a material adverse effect (as defined in the agreement). In the event of a default, the Financial Institutions could elect to declare all amounts borrowed due and payable, including accrued interest and any other obligations under the Credit Facilities. Any such acceleration would also result in a default under the indentures governing the New Secured Notes and the Senior Secured Convertible Notes due 2019. As of December 31, 2016, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants relating to the Credit Facilities.
On April 6, 2017, the Company entered into an amendment to the Credit Facilities agreement. Under this amendment, the Financial Institutions agreed that the financial covenants related to consolidated adjusted EBITDA and specified minimum amounts of net working capital and consolidated liquidity, all as described in the preceding paragraph, would cease to apply for the period from March 31, 2017 through and including May 31, 2018 (refer to Note 15 - Subsequent Events).
Convertible Notes
In 2016, the Company entered into Transaction Support Agreements (as amended, supplemented or modified, the “Support Agreements”) with certain holders (the “Supporting Holders”) of the Convertible Notes. The Support Agreements provided for the terms of exchanges in which the Company agreed to issue new 5.25% Senior Secured Convertible Notes due 2019 (the “New Convertible Notes”) in exchange for outstanding Convertible Notes (the “Convertible Note Exchange”). For each $1 principal amount of Convertible Notes validly exchanged in the Convertible Note Exchange, an exchanging holder of Convertible Notes was entitled to receive $0.7 principal amount of New Convertible Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. On March 22, 2016, the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-3, as later amended, to register the resale of the common stock underlying the New Convertible Notes. On May 6, 2016, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders to consider a proposal to approve, as required pursuant to Rule 312 of the NYSE Listed Company Manual, the issuance of the Company’s common stock upon conversion of the New Convertible Notes. The proposal was approved by the Company’s stockholders with the affirmative vote of approximately 73% of the outstanding shares of common stock entitled to vote thereon, which represented approximately 99% of the total votes cast.
In May 2016, the Company entered into amendments to the Support Agreements that, among other things, permitted the Supporting Holders to elect to exchange some or all of the Convertible Notes directly into shares of the Company’s common stock on the same economic terms as would be applicable had they exchanged their Convertible Notes for New Convertible Notes and then converted those New Convertible Notes into common stock.
Supporting Holders holding $23,443 in aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes exchanged their Convertible Notes for an aggregate of 7,863 shares of the Company’s common stock, which had a fair value of $15,332 at the time of the Convertible Note Exchange. This resulted in a $1,526 extinguishment gain that is included in debt restructuring loss, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2016. Supporting Holders holding $34,016 in aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes exchanged their Convertible Notes for $23,806 in aggregate principal amount of New Convertible Notes, which included (i) $20,866 in aggregate principal amount of New Convertible Notes issued pursuant to exchange agreements between the Company and certain non-affiliate noteholders and (ii) $2,940 in aggregate principal amount of New Convertible Notes issued pursuant to an exchange agreement with an affiliate of the Company.
As further described below, the New Convertible Notes are convertible into common stock at the option of the holder. The Company determined that the conversion option is not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the New Convertible Notes, nor does it meet the criteria to be considered indexed to the Company’s common stock. As a result, the Company concluded that the embedded conversion option must be bifurcated from the New Convertible Notes, separately valued, and accounted for as a derivative liability that partially settled the Convertible Notes. The initial value allocated to the derivative liability was $11,574, with a corresponding discount recorded to the New Convertible Notes. During each reporting period, the derivative liability, which is classified in long-term debt, will be marked to fair value through earnings.
The Convertible Note Exchange was considered to be a troubled debt restructuring, as the Company was experiencing financial difficulties and was granted a concession by the Supporting Holders. As a result, the Company expensed legal and other direct costs incurred in conjunction with the Convertible Note Exchange, which are included in debt restructuring loss, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
Subsequent to the Convertible Note Exchange, $1,483 in aggregate principal amount of New Convertible Notes was converted to 713 shares of the Company’s common stock. This resulted in a $589 extinguishment gain from the conversion of the New Convertible Notes and the settlement of a related portion of the derivative liability. The gain has been included in debt restructuring loss, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2016. As of December 31, 2016, the Company had $22,323 aggregate principal amount of New Convertible Notes outstanding, and the derivative liability had a fair value of $403.
The New Convertible Notes mature on December 30, 2019, and bear interest at a rate of 5.25% per annum, payable semi-annually in cash. The New Convertible Notes are initially convertible into shares of the Company's common stock at any time at a conversion price per share equal to $2.25 and are subject to adjustment in accordance with the New Convertible Notes indenture. All current and future guarantors of the New Secured Notes, the Credit Facilities, and any other material indebtedness of the Company guarantee the New Convertible Notes, subject to certain exceptions. The New Convertible Notes are secured on a “silent” third-priority basis by the same collateral that secures the New Secured Notes. Upon conversion, the Company will pay and/or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at the Company’s election, together with cash in lieu of fractional shares. The value of shares of the Company's common stock for purposes of the settlement of the conversion right will be calculated as provided in the indenture, using a 20 trading day observation period. Upon such conversion, the holder shall be entitled to receive an amount equal to the "make-whole" premium, payable in the form of cash, shares of the Company's common stock, or a combination of both, at the Company's sole discretion. The value of shares of Company common stock for purposes of calculating the "make-whole" premium will be based on the greater of (i) 130% of the conversion price then in effect and (ii) the volume weighted average price ("VWAP") of such shares for the 20 trading day observation period as provided in the indenture.
If the VWAP of the Company's common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which such notice of redemption is provided, the Company shall have the right to redeem any or all of the New Convertible Notes at a price equal to (i) 100.0% of the aggregate principal amount thereof plus (ii) the "make-whole" premium. The redemption price can be paid in the form of cash, shares of the Company's common stock or a combination of both, at the Company's sole discretion. The value of shares of the Company's common stock will be based on the VWAP of such shares for the 20 trading days immediately preceding the date of redemption. Prior to the third trading day prior to the date of any such redemption, any New Convertible Notes called for redemption may be converted by the holder into shares of the Company's common stock at the conversion price then in effect.
Following the Convertible Note Exchange, the Company had $41 aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes outstanding at December 31, 2016.
Revolving Credit Facility
In June 2016, the Company entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the Loan and Security Agreement governing the Revolving Credit Facility, by and among the Company and certain domestic subsidiaries, the financial institutions from time to time party to the Loan and Security Agreement as lenders, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, in its capacity as agent. The Amendment reduced the aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility from $125,000 to $100,000, and also decreased aggregate commitments under (i) the Canadian portion of the Revolving Credit Facility from $20,000 to $16,000 and (ii) the letter of credit facility portion of the Revolving Credit Facility from $20,000 to $16,000. The Amendment also imposed an availability block that decreased availability under the Revolving Credit Facility by $17,500 initially, which was subject to adjustment.
Previously, the Revolving Credit Facility restricted the Company’s ability to repay the New Secured Notes and the Secured Notes unless the Company was able to satisfy certain financial testing conditions. Pursuant to the terms of the Amendment, the Company was permitted to repay up to $27,500 of the New Secured Notes and up to $6,000 of the Secured Notes, subject to satisfaction of revised financial testing conditions.
The Amendment also increased the interest rate charged in connection with loans advanced under the Revolving Credit Facility. At the Company’s election, borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility would bear interest at variable rates based on (a) a customary base rate plus an applicable margin of 1.75% or (b) an adjusted LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin of 2.75%, with such applicable margins subject to adjustment if the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio is at least 1.0 to 1.0. The weighted average interest rate for borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility was 3.65%, 2.70% and 3.08% for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The Company paid certain customary recurring fees with respect to the Revolving Credit Facility.
The Revolving Credit Facility was scheduled to mature on December 10, 2019. As previously discussed, in connection with the closing of the Credit Facilities in December 2016, commitments pursuant to the Revolving Credit Facility were terminated, liens granted to the collateral agent pursuant thereto were released in full, and Revolving Credit Facility borrowings outstanding were repaid by the Company using proceeds from the Credit Facilities. With the termination of the Revolving Credit Facility, the Company expensed unamortized Revolving Credit Facility debt issuance costs, which are included in debt restructuring loss, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.