(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s principal executive offices)

Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: from time to time after the effective date of this registration statement

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ☐

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

We may, from time to time in one or more offerings, offer and sell up to $200,000,000 of any combination, together or separately, of Class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.0001 per share; Class A ordinary shares in the form of American Depositary Shares, or ADSs; preferred shares, par value US$0.0001 per share; preferred shares in the form of ADSs; debt securities; warrants; units; rights; or any combination thereof as described in this prospectus. Any ADS will represent a specified number of ordinary shares or preference shares. The warrants may be convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for ordinary shares or preferred shares or debt securities, the preferred shares may be convertible into or exchangeable for ordinary shares and the debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for ordinary shares or preference shares or other debt securities. The prospectus supplement for each offering of securities will describe in detail the plan of distribution for that offering. For general information about the distribution of securities offered, please see “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus.

This prospectus provides a general description of the securities we may offer. We will provide the specific terms of the securities offered in one or more supplements to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read carefully this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference, before you invest in any of our securities. This prospectus may not be used to offer or sell any securities unless accompanied by the applicable prospectus supplement. In addition, from time to time, selling shareholders (if any) to be named in a prospectus supplement may offer and sell our ordinary shares or ADSs held by them. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of our ordinary shares or ADSs by selling shareholders (if any).

These securities may be offered and sold in the same offering or in separate offerings; to or through underwriters, dealers, and agents; or directly to purchasers. The names of any underwriters, dealers, or agents involved in the sale of our securities, their compensation and any options to purchase additional securities held by them will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. For a more complete description of the plan of distribution of these securities, see the section entitled “Plan of Distribution” beginning on page 50 of this prospectus.

As of the date of this prospectus, our ADSs and our 2019 Warrants are listed on the NASDAQ under the symbols “LGHL” and “LGHLW”, respectively. On January 19, 2023, the closing trading prices of our ADSs and our 2019 Warrants were $0.55 and $0.03, respectively.

Our ADSs each represent one of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Our ordinary shares consist of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares. In respect of matters requiring the votes of shareholders, holders of Class A Ordinary Shares are entitled to one vote per share, while holders of Class B Ordinary Shares are entitled to one hundred votes per share based on our dual-class share structure. Each Class B ordinary share is convertible into one Class A ordinary share at any time by the holder thereof, while Class A Ordinary Shares are not convertible into Class B Ordinary Shares under any circumstances. Upon any transfer of Class B Ordinary Shares by a holder thereof to any person or entity which is not an affiliate of such holder, such Class B Ordinary Shares shall be automatically and immediately converted into the equal number of Class A Ordinary Shares. See “Description of Share Capital.”

Investing in our securities involves risks. You should carefully consider the risks described under “Risk Factors” on page 12 of this prospectus, included in any accompanying prospectus supplement or in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus before you invest in our securities.

Lion Group Holding Ltd. is incorporated in Cayman Islands. As a holding company, we may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries in Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands for our cash and financing requirements. If any of our subsidiaries incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing such debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends to us. We did not pay any dividends to our shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2021. On December 5, 2019 and December 31, 2019, we declared dividends of US$2.6 million and US$2.4 million, respectively, to the then sole shareholder, which were utilized to reduce the amount due from shareholder by US$4.6 million to nil, resulting in dividends payable of US$0.4 million included in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019. In 2020, dividends paid to the individual shareholder were US$386,000. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, we did not pay any dividends to our shareholders. Our subsidiaries received an aggregate transfer of $2,150,000 and $28,302,204 for the period from June 16, 2020 to December 31, 2020 and for the year ended December 31, 2021, respectively, from the Company to fund their business operations. Our Company received an aggregate transfer of nil and $4,835,117 for the period from June 16, 2020 to December 31, 2020 and for the year ended December 31, 2021, respectively, from its subsidiaries. In the future, any cash proceeds raised from overseas financing activities, including this offering, may be transferred by us to our subsidiaries via capital contribution or shareholder loans, as the case may be. As a holding company with no material operations of our own, we conduct our substantial operations through our subsidiaries in Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands and our apps are available to download in the app stores of China and most of our users are PRC citizens, which may subject us to certain laws and regulations in China. As such, the Chinese government may exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business and may intervene in or influence our operations at any time. Such governmental actions:

Currently, we are not aware there are any material restrictions on foreign exchange, the ability to transfer cash between our entities, or the ability to distribute earnings to investors outside of China. Further, we are aware that recently, the Chinese government recently initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over China-based companies listed overseas using entity variable interest entity (“VIE”) structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. Since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any, and the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on the Company’s business operations in China, the ability to accept foreign investments and list on an U.S. or other foreign exchange. Any future action by the Chinese government expanding the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to government review could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless. For a detailed description of the risks related to doing business in the PRC, see “Item 3. Key Information — D. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in Jurisdictions We Operate” in our 2021 Form 20-F.

On December 16, 2021, the United States Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB, issued a Determination Report which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (i) China, and (ii) Hong Kong. Our auditor, UHY LLP, headquartered in New York, NY, is an independent registered public accounting firm with the PCAOB and has been inspected by the PCAOB on a regular basis. The PCAOB currently has access to inspect the working papers of our auditor. Our auditor is not headquartered in China or Hong Kong and was not identified in this report as a firm subject to the PCAOB’s determination. On August 26, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it had signed a Statement of Protocol (the “Protocol”) with the CSRC and the Ministry of Finance (“MOF”) of the People’s Republic of China, which governs inspections and investigations of audit firms based in mainland China and Hong Kong. Pursuant to the fact sheet with respect to the Protocol released by the SEC, the PCAOB shall have independent discretion to select any issuer audits for inspection or investigation and the unfettered ability to transfer information to the SEC. According to the PCAOB, its December 2021 determinations under the HFCAA remain in effect. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it was able to secure complete access to inspect and investigate PCAOB-registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong in 2022, and the PCAOB Board vacated its previous determinations that the PCAOB was unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong. It is possible when the PCAOB may reassess its determinations in the future, and it could determine that it is still unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms in mainland China and Hong Kong. On December 23, 2022 the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (“AHFCAA”) was enacted, which amended the HFCAA by requiring the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three. As a result, the time period before the Company’s securities may be prohibited from trading or delisted has been reduced accordingly.

This prospectus may not be used to offer or sell any securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

Neither the United States Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we and/or any selling shareholder may offer and sell the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we and/or any selling shareholder may offer. Each time we and/or any selling shareholder use this prospectus to offer securities, we will provide one or more prospectus supplements that will contain specific information about the offering and the terms of those securities. We may also add, update or change other information contained in this prospectus by means of a prospectus supplement or by incorporating by reference information we file with the SEC. The registration statement on file with the SEC includes exhibits that provide more detail on the matters discussed in this prospectus. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and any related prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the applicable prospectus supplement. Before you invest in any securities offered by this prospectus, you should read this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplements and the related exhibits to the registration statement filed with the SEC, together with the additional information described under the headings “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference.”

In this prospectus, unless otherwise indicated or unless the context otherwise requires:

“$,” “USD,” “US$” and “U.S. dollar” each refers to the United States dollar.

“2019 Warrant” means a warrant to purchase shares of common stock of Proficient issued in Proficient’s Initial Public Offering and simultaneous private placements. Each Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock of Proficient at a price of $11.50 per share.

“2022 August Debentures” means the senior secured convertible debentures, convertible into ADSs, which will mature on August 9, 2025 pursuant to a Senior Secured Convertible Debenture dated August 10, 2022 .

“2022 December Debentures” means the senior secured convertible debentures, convertible into ADSs, which will mature on December 7, 2025 pursuant to a Senior Secured Convertible Debenture dated December 7, 2022.

“2021 February Warrants” means, together, the Series D Warrant, Series E Warrant and the Series F Warrant.

“ADSs” refers to our American depositary shares, each of which represents one Class A Ordinary Share.

“Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association” means the currently effective amended and restated memorandum and articles of association of Lion Group Holding Ltd.

“Business Combination Agreement” means the Business Combination Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2020, which is later amended and restated as of May 12, 2020, by and among us, Proficient, Merger Sub, Lion, the Sellers and the other parties thereto.

“Business Combination” means the Merger and the Share Exchange, and other transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement.

“CFD” means a contract for differences, an agreement between an investor and a CFD broker to exchange the difference in the value of a financial product between the time the contract opens and closes.

“Class A Ordinary Shares” means our Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share.

“Class B Ordinary Shares” means our Class B ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share.

“Companies Act” means the Companies Act (as amended) of the Cayman Islands, as may be amended from time to time.

“Initial Public Offering” means the initial public offering of Proficient, consummated on June 3, 2019.

“Lion” means Lion Financial Group Limited, a corporation organized under the laws of the British Virgin Islands.

“Merger” means the merger of Merger Sub with Proficient, with Proficient surviving such merger, prior security holders of Proficient receiving our securities and Proficient becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of us.

“Merger Sub” means Lion MergerCo I, Inc., a Cayman Islands exempted company.

“Ordinary Shares” means our ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share, including Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares, unless otherwise specified.

“PIPE Warrants” means the warrant issued in August and October 2020 that represents the right to purchase one Class A Ordinary Share in the form of ADSs at a price of $1.75 per share or $1.75 per ADS.

“Private Warrants” means the Warrants sold to Sponsor simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, each of which is exercisable for one share of common stock of Proficient, in accordance with its terms.

“Proficient” or “PAAC” means Proficient Alpha Acquisition Corp., currently known as Lion Group North America Corp., a Nevada corporation.

“PRC” or “China” refers to the People’s Republic of China, excluding, for the purpose of this prospectus, Taiwan.

“Public Warrants” means the Warrants included in the units sold in the Initial Public Offering, each of which is exercisable for one share of common stock of Proficient, in accordance with its terms.

“Redemption” means the right of the holders of Proficient common stock to have their shares redeemed in accordance with the procedures set forth in this prospectus.

“Sellers” means the shareholders of Lion named as seller parties to the Business Combination Agreement as of the effective date of this registration statement.

“Series D Warrant” means a warrant until on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on February 18, 2030, exercisable into 2,800,000 ADSs at an exercise price of $2.50 per ADS pursuant to the Series D American Depositary Shares Purchase Warrant dated February 18, 2021.

“Series E Warrant” means a warrant until on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on February 18, 2027, exercisable into 20,000,000 ADSs at an exercise price of $2.00 per ADS which entitles the Series E warrant holder pursuant to the Series E American Depositary Shares Purchase Warrant dated February 18, 2021, each exercise of which entitles the Series E Warrant holder to receive one ADS and a 8% cash discount.

“Series F Warrant” means a five-year warrant until on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on February 18, 2030, exercisable into 16,000,000 ADSs at an exercise price of $2.50 per ADS pursuant to the Series F American Depositary Shares Purchase Warrant dated February 18, 2021, but the exercisability of which shall vest ratably from time to time in proportion to the exercise of the Series E Warrant by the holder of the Series E Warrant.

“Series G Warrant” means a warrant until on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on December 13, 2030, exercisable into 2,285,715 ADSs at an exercise price of $2.50 per ADS pursuant to the Series G American Depositary Shares Purchase Warrant dated December 13, 2021, but the exercisability of which shall vest ratably from time to time in proportion to the exercise of the Series G Warrants by the holder of the Series G Warrant.

“Share Exchange” means the exchange of 100% of the ordinary shares of Lion for our capital shares.

“Sponsor” means Complex Zenith Limited, a British Virgin Islands company controlled by Shih-Chung Chou, a director of Proficient. Shih-Chung Chou had served as the sponsor of Proficient since its Initial Public Offering until March 12, 2020, when he entered into an agreement with Complex Zenith Limited and assigned all of his equity interest in Proficient and his rights and obligations as a sponsor to Complex Zenith Limited.

“we,” “our,” “us,” “the company” and other similar terms refer to Lion Group Holding Ltd. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

References in any prospectus supplement to “the accompanying prospectus” are to this prospectus and to “the prospectus” are to this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement taken together.

We are not making an offer to sell the securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Our reporting currency is HK dollars. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from HK dollars to U.S. dollars in this prospectus are made at a rate of HK$7.79756 to US$1.00, the exchange rate in effect as of December 31, 2021 as set forth in the H.10 statistical release of The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

This prospectus, an applicable prospectus supplement, and our SEC filings that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus contain or incorporate by reference forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements,” including any projections of earnings, revenue or other financial items, any statements of the plans, strategies, and objectives of management for future operations, any statements concerning proposed new projects or other developments, any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance, any statements of management’s beliefs, goals, strategies, intentions, and objectives, and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Specifically, forward-looking statements may include statements relating to:

These forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date of this prospectus, and current expectations, forecasts and assumptions, and involve a number of judgments, risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any subsequent date, we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

As a result of a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties, our actual results or performance may be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. For a discussion of the risks involved in our business and investing in our securities, see “Item 3. Key Information — D. Risk Factors” in our 2021 Form 20-F.

Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

OUR COMPANY

Overview

We are one of the few Chinese investor-focused trading platforms that offer a wide spectrum of products and services. Currently, our business lines include our (i) CFD trading services, (ii) insurance brokerage services, (iii) futures and securities brokerage services, (iv) total return swap (TRS) trading business and (v) asset management services. We provide these services through our all-in-one Lion Brokers Pro app and a variety of other apps available on iOS, Android and PC platforms. Our clients are mostly well-educated and affluent Chinese investors residing both inside and outside the PRC (excluding the United States), as well as institutional clients in Hong Kong that use our futures trading service.

Our trading platform allows users to trade approximately 100 futures products on major futures exchanges worldwide (excluding the PRC), including the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), Singapore Exchange (SGX), the Hong Kong Futures Exchange (HKFE) and Eurex Exchange (Eurex), as well as stocks listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), Nasdaq and Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKSE), and PRC stocks listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) and Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) that are eligible for the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect and Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect programs (together, “Stock Connect”). In addition, our customers may also use our platform to trade various financial products, such as stock indices, commodities, futures, forex, ETFs, warrants and callable bull/bear contracts, on global exchanges or OTC markets.

Our financial performance increased significantly from 2018 to 2019, as our revenue increased from US$6.6 million to US$18.5 million, respectively. We generated income before income taxes of US$8.3 million in 2019 as compared to a loss before income taxes of US$2.7 million in 2018.

Our financial performance decreased significantly from 2019 to 2020, as our revenue decreased from US$18.5 million to US$10.2 million, respectively. We had a loss before income taxes of US$3.4 million in 2020 as compared to an income before income taxes of US$8.3 million in 2019.

Our financial performance increased significantly from 2020 to 2021, as our revenue increased from US$10.2 million to US$27.1 million, respectively. We had a loss before income taxes of US0.77 million in 2021 as compared to a loss before income taxes of US$2.6 million in 2020.

Our Strengths

We believe that the following strengths contribute to our success and differentiate us from our competitors:

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We are well positioned in a fast-growing trillion-dollar segment with substantial growth potential.

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We will be providing superior user experience to our clients through our industry-leading Internet platform.

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We offer a diversified product portfolio for trading in global financial markets.

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We have an experienced management team supported by industry talents.

Our Strategies

We plan to implement the following strategies:

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Strengthen our leading position in key markets and expand our demographic and geographic coverages in new markets.

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Enhance technological infrastructure and cybersecurity.

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Drive product innovation and explore other complementary services.

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Attract and retain key talent.

PCAOB Report

Corporate Information

Our principal executive office is located at 3 Phillip Street, #15-04 Royal Group Building, Singapore 048693, and the telephone number is +65 8877 3871. Our website is https://ir.liongrouphl.com/.

Impact of COVID-19 on Our Operations and Financial Performance

In December 2019, COVID-19 emerged and has subsequently spread worldwide. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic. Our various business lines have been adversely impacted by COVID-19. CFD trading volumes and futures contract volumes decreased significantly compared to the same period of prior year, which was mainly attributable to economic and financial impact brought about by COVID-19 on the Group’s customers, causing a decrease in both their willingness to trade and make investments as well as their disposable income allocated making such transactions. Further, customers’ concerns about future unpredictability also caused their trading activity to decline, impacting our CFD trading business in particular. In addition, travel restrictions in Hong Kong caused cancellations and prevented management from attending branding, business promotions, and exhibition activities, which limited the opportunities to acquire new customers. Meanwhile, our futures and insurance brokerage businesses were adversely affected as new or existing customers may not be able to travel to Hong Kong to open new futures trading accounts or purchase insurance products. No impairments were recorded as of the consolidated balance sheet date, as the carrying amounts of the Group’s assets are expected to be recoverable; however, due to significant uncertainty surrounding the situation, management’s judgment regarding this could change in the future. In addition, the Group cannot reasonably estimate the related financial impact to the Group’s future financial results given the uncertainties surrounding the duration of the outbreak. The Group will continue to monitor the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak closely.

Corporate Structure

Lion Group Holding Ltd. was incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands as an exempted company on February 11, 2020, solely for the purpose of effectuating the Business Combination. Prior to the Business Combination, Lion Group Holding Ltd. owned no material assets and did not operate any business. On June 16, 2020, we consummated the Business Combination pursuant to the terms of the Business Combination Agreement, upon which Lion Group Holding Ltd. became the ultimate parent company of Lion and it has no operating assets other than its ownership of interests in Lion.

The following diagram illustrates our corporate structure as of the date of this prospectus:

In June 2015, Lion Financial Group Limited (previously known as BC Financial Holdings Limited) was incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands, as a holding company of our businesses

In May 2016, Lion International Securities Group Limited, Lion Futures Limited, Lion Capital Management Limited and Lion Foreign Exchange Limited in Hong Kong, were incorporated, to engage in securities and futures brokerage business and forex trading business, respectively.

In October 2014, BC Wealth Management Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong, through which we started to carry out our insurance brokerage business. In May 2016, BC Wealth Management Limited became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Group.

In February 2017, Lion Wealth Management Limited was incorporated under the laws of British Virgin Islands as a holding company of BC Wealth Management Limited.

In March 2017, Lion Brokers Limited was incorporated under the laws of Cayman Islands as a wholly owned subsidiary of Lion Financial Group Limited.

In October 2018, Lion Wealth Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong as our Asia head office.

In June 2019, Lion Investment Fund SPC was incorporated under the laws of Cayman Islands as a wholly owned subsidiary of Lion Capital Management Limited. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not provided any financial services through this entity.

In July 2019, Lion International Financial (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. was incorporated in Singapore. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not provided financial services through this entity.

In December 2019, Lion Capital Management Limited was changed name to Lion Asset Management Limited.

In June 2020, we restructured pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement, by which Lion Group Holding Ltd. became our parent company and listed on Nasdaq.

In January 2021, the Proficient Alpha Acquisition Corp. was renamed to Lion Group North America Corp.

In April 2021, Lion Financial Group Limited acquired Lion Fintech Group Limited from Jian Wang. Lion Fintech Group Limited was incorporated under the laws of British Virgin Islands in February 2017, as a holding company of Royal Lion Investment Limited, a Cayman Islands company, in which we hold 70% voting rights of the shareholders. Royal Lion Middle East DMCC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Royal Lion Investment Limited. As of May 12, 2022, both Royal Lion Investment Limited and Royal Lion Middle East DMCC are dormant.

In May 2021, Lion NFT Limited was incorporated under the laws of British Virgin Islands in which we hold 90% equity interest, as a holding company of Flying Lion Limited, a Cayman Islands company, in which we hold 70% equity interest through Lion NFT Limited. Flying Lion Lab is a team of independent contractors engaged by Flying Lion Limited and is the workshop which designs the NFT products. We conducted our NFT business through Lion NFT Limited. All the products designed by Flying Lion Lab are to be sold at Lion NFT Platform.

Our Current Corporate Structure in China

We hold 100% equity interests in Lion Group (Hangzhou) Investment Limited, our PRC subsidiary, holding through Lion Wealth Limited in May 2021. The PRC subsidiary was established solely for purpose of passive equity investment in China with no substantial business activities, which does not require contractual arrangements or variable interest entity, or VIE, to operate. While our current corporate structure does not contain any VIEs in the PRC, and we have no intention establishing any VIEs in the PRC in the future, if in the future our group’s corporate structure were to contain a VIE, the PRC regulatory authorities could disallow the VIE structure, which would likely result in a material change in our operations and/or a material change in the value of the securities we are registering for sale, including that it could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or in extreme cases, become worthless. For more detailed information, see “Risk Factors —The Chinese government may exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of business in the PRC and may intervene in or influence our operations at any time, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our securities,” “Risk Factors — The PRC government may intervene or influence our business operations at any time or may exert more control over offerings conducted overseas and foreign investment in China based issuers, which could result in a material change in our business operations or the value of our securities. Additionally, the approval or other administration requirements of the CSRC, or other PRC governmental authorities, may be required in connection with this offering under a PRC regulation or any new laws, rules or regulations to be enacted, and if required, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such approval. The regulation also establishes more complex procedures for acquisitions conducted by foreign investors that could make it more difficult for us to grow through acquisitions.” in this registration statement and “Item 3. Key Information — Risks Related to Doing Business in Jurisdictions We Operate” in our 2021 Form 20-F.

PCAOB Report

On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued a Determination Report which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (i) China, and (ii) Hong Kong. Our auditor, UHY LLP, headquartered in New York, NY, is an independent registered public accounting firm with the PCAOB and has been inspected by the PCAOB on a regular basis. The PCAOB currently has access to inspect the working papers of our auditor. Our auditor is not headquartered in China or Hong Kong and was not identified in this report as a firm subject to the PCAOB’s determination. On August 26, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it had signed the Protocol with the CSRC and the MOF of the People’s Republic of China, which governs inspections and investigations of audit firms based in mainland China and Hong Kong. Pursuant to the fact sheet with respect to the Protocol released by the SEC, the PCAOB shall have independent discretion to select any issuer audits for inspection or investigation and the unfettered ability to transfer information to the SEC. According to the PCAOB, its December 2021 determinations under the HFCAA remain in effect. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it was able to secure complete access to inspect and investigate PCAOB-registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong in 2022, and the PCAOB Board vacated its previous determinations that the PCAOB was unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong. It is possible when the PCAOB may reassess its determinations in the future, and it could determine that it is still unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms in mainland China and Hong Kong. On December 23, 2022 the AHFCAA was enacted, which amended the HFCAA by requiring the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three. As a result, the time period before the Company’s securities may be prohibited from trading or delisted has been reduced accordingly.

PRC Limitation on Conducting Our Current Business and Overseas Listing and Share Issuances

In addition, the Regulations on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors, or the M&A Rules, adopted by six PRC regulatory agencies requires an overseas special purpose vehicle formed for listing purposes through acquisitions of PRC domestic companies and controlled by PRC companies or individuals to obtain the approval of the CSRC, prior to the listing and trading of such special purpose vehicle’s securities on an overseas stock exchange. As advised by our PRC legal counsel, JunHe LLP, based on their understanding of the current PRC laws, rules and regulations that the CSRC’s approval is not required for our listing, trading of our securities on Nasdaq and this offering, given that our PRC subsidiary was incorporated as wholly foreign-owned enterprises by means of direct investment rather than by merger or acquisition of equity interest or assets of a PRC domestic company owned by PRC companies or individuals as defined under the M&A Rules that are our beneficial owners. However, our PRC counsel has further advised us that there remains some uncertainty as to how the M&A Rules will be interpreted or implemented in the context of an overseas offering and its opinions summarized above are subject to any new laws, rules and regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations in any form relating to the M&A Rules. We cannot assure you that relevant PRC government agencies, including the CSRC, would reach the same conclusion as we do.

Furthermore, the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations set out new filing procedures for China-based companies seeking direct or indirect listings and offerings in overseas markets. The Draft Overseas Listing Regulations require that China-based companies seeking to offer and list securities in overseas markets complete certain post-application/post-listing filing procedures with the CSRC. The Draft Overseas Listing Regulations do not require a China-based company including the Company to obtain the CSRC’s pre-approval before it applies for or completes a listing or offering of securities in overseas markets. However, the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations were released only for public comments and their provisions and anticipated adoption date are subject to changes and their interpretation and implementation remain uncertain.

Our substantial operation based in Singapore, Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands, and we do not operate through any VIE agreement with our subsidiaries in China. However, if it is determined that any CSRC approval, filing, cybersecurity review or other governmental authorization is required for our previous or future offering, we may face sanctions by the CSRC, the CAC or other PRC regulatory agencies for failure to do so, and if we are denied from PRC authorities to list on U.S. exchanges, we will not be able to continue listing on U.S. exchange, which would materially affect the interest of the investors. For more detailed information, see “Risk Factors —The Chinese government may exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of business in the PRC and may intervene in or influence our operations at any time, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our securities,” “Risk Factors — The PRC government may intervene or influence our business operations at any time or may exert more control over offerings conducted overseas and foreign investment in China based issuers, which could result in a material change in our business operations or the value of our securities. Additionally, the approval or other administration requirements of the CSRC, or other PRC governmental authorities, may be required in connection with this offering under a PRC regulation or any new laws, rules or regulations to be enacted, and if required, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such approval. The regulation also establishes more complex procedures for acquisitions conducted by foreign investors that could make it more difficult for us to grow through acquisitions.” in this registration statement and “Item 3. Key Information — Risks Related to Doing Business in Jurisdictions We Operate” in our 2021 Form 20-F.

Transfers of Cash to and from Our Subsidiaries

Lion Group Holding Ltd. is incorporated in Cayman Islands on February 11, 2020, to be the ultimate parent company of the Group upon the consummation of a business combination on June 16, 2020. As a holding company with no material operations of our own, we conduct our substantial operations through our subsidiaries in Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands and our apps are available to download in the app stores of China and most of our users are PRC citizens, which may subject us to certain laws and regulations in China. Lion Group Holding Ltd is permitted under the laws of Cayman Islands to provide funding to our subsidiaries in Hong Kong and Cayman Islands through loans or capital contributions without restrictions on the amount of the funds. Lion Group Holding Ltd. can distribute earnings from its businesses, including subsidiaries, to the U.S. investors. Our operations in Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands were in loss position since the second half of 2020, and the Company has raised capital through financing transactions and provided funding to our operations in Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands.

Our operating subsidiaries are permitted under the laws of Hong Kong, Cayman Islands, Singapore, and British Virgin Islands, respectively, to provide funding to Lion Group Holding Ltd, the holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands through dividend distributions. Our Group currently intend to retain all available funds and future earnings, if any, for the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. We currently do not have any dividend policy, any future determination will be made at the discretion of our board of directors after considering our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual requirements, business prospects and other factors the board of directors deems relevant, and subject to the restrictions contained in any future financing instruments.

Currently, we conduct our substantial operations through our subsidiaries in Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands. We have established Lion Group (Hangzhou) Investment Limited, our PRC subsidiary, holding through Lion Wealth Limited in May 2021. The PRC subsidiary was established solely for purpose of passive equity investment in China with no substantial business activities, which does not require contractual arrangements or variable interest entity, or VIE, to operate. Since Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the PRC and the basic policies of the PRC regarding Hong Kong are reflected in the Basic Law, providing Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy and executive, legislative and independent judicial powers, including that of final adjudication under the principle of “one country, two systems”. We are dependent on our customers in the PRC, the laws and regulations of the PRC currently have restrictions on currency conversion, cross-border remittance and offshore investment for PRC citizens. See “Item 3. Key Information — D. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — PRC governmental control of currency conversion, cross-border remittance and offshore investment could have a direct impact on the trading volume on our platform, and the PRC government could further tighten restrictions on converting Renminbi to foreign currencies and/or deems our practices to be in violation of PRC laws and regulations.” in our 2021 Form 20-F for more information on the risk of PRC governmental control of currency conversion, cross-border remittance and offshore investment with respect to our operations. However, the laws and regulations of the PRC do not currently have any material impact on transfer of cash from the Company to our Cayman Islands and Hong Kong subsidiaries to or from Cayman Islands and Hong Kong subsidiaries to the Company and the investors in the U.S. As a result, cash can be transferred freely between the Company and its operating subsidiaries, across borders, and to U.S. investors.

Subject to the Companies Act and our Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association, our board of directors may authorize and declare a dividend to shareholders from time to time out of the profits from the Company, realized or unrealized, or out of the share premium account, provided that the Company will remain solvent, meaning the Company is able to pay its debts as they come due in the ordinary course of business. There is no further Cayman Islands statutory restriction on the amount of funds which may be distributed by us in the form of dividends.

The following are the aggregate transfers from the Company to its subsidiaries for the period from June 16, 2020 to December 31, 2020 and for the year ended December 31, 2021:

Subsidiary	From June 16 2020 to December 31, 2020		2021
Lion Broker Limited⁽¹⁾	$	1,260,000	$	19,513,433
Lion Futures Limited⁽²⁾	$	—	$	130,000
Lion International Securities Group Limited⁽³⁾	$	—	$	64,271
Lion Wealth Limited⁽⁴⁾	$	470,000	$	4,096,171
BC Wealth Management Limited⁽⁵⁾	$	—	$	292,186
Lion International Financial (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.⁽⁶⁾	$	—	$	1,000,000
Lion Financial Group Limited⁽⁷⁾	$	420,000	$	2,506,143
Lion Group North American Corp.⁽⁸⁾	$	—	$	700,000
Total	$	2,150,000	$	28,302,204

____________

(1)	Lion Broker Ltd was incorporated in under the laws of the Cayman Islands in March 2017.

(2)	Lion Futures Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong in May 2016.

(3)	Lion International Securities Group Limited was incorporated in under the laws of the Hong Kong in May 2016.

(4)	Lion Wealth Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong in October 2018.

(5)	BC Wealth Management Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong in October 2014 and became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Group in May 2016.

(6)	Lion International Financial (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. was incorporated in Singapore in July 2019.

(7)	Lion Financial Group Limited was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands in June 2015.

(8)	Lion Group North American Corp was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada in July 2018.

The following are the aggregate transfers from its subsidiaries to the Company for the period from June 16, 2020 to December 31, 2020 and for the year ended December 31, 2021:

Subsidiary	From June 16 2020 to December 31, 2020		2021
Lion Broker Limited⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	4,508,885
Lion Futures Limited⁽²⁾	$	—	$	130,000
Lion International Securities Group Limited⁽³⁾	$	—	$	64,271
Lion Wealth Limited⁽⁴⁾	$	—	$	50,000
BC Wealth Management Limited⁽⁵⁾	$	—	$	81,960
Total	$	—	$	4,835,116

____________

(1)	Lion Broker Ltd was incorporated in under the laws of the Cayman Islands in March 2017.

(2)	Lion Futures Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong in May 2016.

(3)	Lion International Securities Group Limited was incorporated in under the laws of the Hong Kong in May 2016.

(4)	Lion Wealth Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong in October 2018.

(5)	BC Wealth Management Limited was incorporated in Hong Kong in October 2014 and became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Group in May 2016.

We did not pay any dividends to our shareholders in 2021. On December 5, 2019 and December 31, 2019, we declared dividends of US$2.6 million and US$2.4 million, respectively, to the then sole shareholder, which were utilized to reduce due from shareholder by US$4.6 million to nil, resulting in dividends payable of US$0.4 million included in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019. In 2020, dividends paid to the individual shareholder were US$386,000. We are able to distribute earnings from our operating subsidiaries, to the parent company and U.S. investors and settle amounts owed, although we currently do not have any dividend policy. There were no dividends or distributions that a subsidiary made to the holding company during the period. If we determine to pay dividends on any of our ADSs in the future, as a holding company, we will be dependent on receipt of funds from our operating subsidiaries in Hong Kong and Cayman Islands. Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect of dividends paid by us, and under the current laws of the Cayman Islands, we are also not subject to tax on income or capital gains and withholding tax is not imposed upon payments of dividends from the Company to its shareholders.

There are no restrictions or limitations under the laws of Hong Kong imposed on the conversion of HK dollar into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out of Hong Kong, nor are there any restriction on any foreign exchange to transfer cash between the Company and its subsidiaries, across borders and to investors outside of PRC, nor is there any restrictions and limitations to distribute earnings from the subsidiaries, to the Company and investors outside of PRC and amounts owed. There are no exchange controls in Cayman Islands.

See “Item 3. Key Information — D. Risk Factors — Risk Related to Our Corporate Structure — We may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have, and any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business.” in our 2021 Form 20-F for more information.

Summary of Risk Factors

Our business is subject to a number of risks, including risks that may prevent us from achieving our business objectives or may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects that you should consider before making a decision to invest in our ADSs. You should carefully consider the matters discussed under “Item 3. Key Information — D. Risk factors” in our 2021 Form 20-F, as well as other documents incorporated by reference in to this prospectus.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

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We operate in a heavily regulated industry, and are subject to extensive and evolving regulatory requirements in the jurisdictions in which we operate.

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We had incurred net losses in the past, and we may incur losses again in the future.

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We may not be able to obtain or maintain all necessary licenses, permits and approvals and to make all necessary registrations and filings for our business activities in multiple jurisdictions and related to residents therein, especially in the PRC or otherwise relating to PRC residents.

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PRC governmental control of currency conversion, cross-border remittance and offshore investment could have a direct impact on the trading volume on our platform, and the PRC government could further tighten restrictions on converting Renminbi to foreign currencies and/or deems our practices to be in violation of PRC laws and regulations.

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We may be unable to retain existing clients or attract new clients, or we may fail to offer services to address the needs of our clients as they evolve.

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Our level of commission and fee rates may decline in the future. Any material reduction in our commission or fee rates could reduce our profitability.

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We cannot guarantee the profitability of our clients’ investments or ensure that our clients will make rational investment judgements.

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We may incur material trading losses from our market making activities.

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We are dependent on wholesale forex trading partners to continually provide us with forex market liquidity. If we lost access to the prices and levels of liquidity that we currently have, we may be unable to provide competitive forex trading services, which would materially adversely affect our CFD trading business, financial conditions and results of operations.

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Failure to comply with regulatory capital requirements set by local regulatory authorities could materially and negatively affect our business operation and overall performance.

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Our total return swap (TRS) trading services may not be successful, and we may not find adequate funding at reasonable costs to successfully operate our TRS trading business.

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We face risks related to insurance brokerage business.

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Our risk management policies and procedures may not be adequate and effective, which may expose us to unidentified or unexpected risks.

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Fluctuations in exchange rates could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

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We depend on the services of prime brokers and clearing agents to assist in providing us with access to liquidity in CFD trading. The loss of one or more of our prime brokerage relationships could lead to increased transaction costs and capital posting requirements, as well as having a negative impact on our ability to verify our open positions, collateral balances and trade confirmations.

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We rely on a number of external service providers for technology, processing and supporting functions, and if they fail to provide these services, it could adversely affect our business and harm our reputation.

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A failure in our information technology, or IT, systems could cause interruptions in our services, undermine the responsiveness of our services, disrupt our business, damage our reputation and cause losses.

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We may be subject to cyber-attacks, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins or similar disruptions on us our external service providers.

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We may be liable for improper collection, use or appropriation of personal information provided by our customers.

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We may encounter potential conflicts of interest from time to time, and the failure to identify and address such conflicts of interest could adversely affect our business.

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We face intense competition, and if we do not compete effectively, our results of operations and business prospects may be adversely affected.

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We face risks related to our know-your-customer, or KYC procedures when our clients provide outdated, inaccurate, false or misleading information.

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Our clients may engage in fraudulent or illegal activities on our platform.

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User growth and activity on mobile devices depend upon effective use of mobile operating system, networks and standards, over which we do not have control.

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If we fail to implement and maintain an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting, we may be unable to accurately report our results of operations, meet reporting obligations or prevent fraud. As a result, holders of our securities could lose confidence in our financial and other public reporting, which would harm our business and trading price of our securities.

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A sustained outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic could have a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition.

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Our business is sensitive to general economic and political conditions and other factors beyond our control, and our results of operation are prone to significant and unpredictable fluctuations.

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The current trade war between the U.S. and China may dampen growth in China and other markets where the majority of our clients reside.

Risk Related to Our Corporate Structure

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We may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have, and any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business.

Risks Related to Doing Business in Jurisdictions We Operate

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A downturn in the Hong Kong, China or global economy, and economic and political policies of China could materially and adversely affect our business and financial condition.

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The Hong Kong legal system embodies uncertainties which could limit the legal protections available to Lion.

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Hong Kong regulatory requirement of prior approval for transfer of shares in excess of certain threshold may restrict future takeovers and other transactions.

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Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could adversely affect us.

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Changes in the policies, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of the PRC government may be quick with little advance notice and could have a significant impact upon our ability to operate profitably in the PRC.

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The Chinese government may exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of business in the PRC and may intervene in or influence our operations at any time, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our securities.

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The PRC government may intervene or influence our business operations at any time or may exert more control over offerings conducted overseas and foreign investment in China based issuers, which could result in a material change in our business operations or the value of our securities. Additionally, the approval or other administration requirements of the CSRC, or other PRC governmental authorities, may be required in connection with this offering under a PRC regulation or any new laws, rules or regulations to be enacted, and if required, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such approval. The regulation also establishes more complex procedures for acquisitions conducted by foreign investors that could make it more difficult for us to grow through acquisitions.

Risks Related to our ADS and, our Securities

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The price of our ADSs may be volatile.

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Reports published by analysts, including projections in those reports that differ from our actual results, could adversely affect the price and trading volume of our ADSs.

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Holders of our ADSs may not have the same voting rights as our registered shareholders and might not receive voting materials in time to be able to exercise their right to vote.

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The voting rights ADSs holders are limited by the terms of the deposit agreement, and ADSs holders may not be able to exercise rights to direct how the Class A Ordinary Shares represented by ADSs are voted.

Investing in our securities involves risk. Before you decide to buy our securities, you should carefully consider the risks described in our most recent annual report on Form 20-F, which is incorporated herein by reference, as well as the risks that are described in the applicable prospectus supplement and in other documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition and results of operations could suffer, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Please see “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference” for information on where you can find the documents we have filed with or furnished to the SEC and which are incorporated into this prospectus by reference.

We face risks related to our know-your-customer, or KYC procedures when our clients provide outdated, inaccurate, false or misleading information.

Although we conduct KYC procedure before we approve our client’s account open request, our KYC procedure has some inherent limitations and we may not be able to spot our clients’ outdated, inaccurate, false or misleading information. Our KYC procedures include but not limited to (i) collecting the identification information of our client such as name, gender, email, nationality, date of birth, type of identity document, identity document number, tax identification number and wallet address; (ii) background check on whether the clients’ nationality fall within the scope of US sanction countries; (iii) monitoring our clients’ IP addresses, and etc. Our KYC procedures may not be effective if (i) we fail to identify any fake documents supplied by our clients; or (ii) our clients use a VPN router to circumvent our IP blacklist. We collect client information during the account opening and registration process and screens accounts against public databases or collaborates with external service providers to verify client identity and detecting risks. Although we require our clients to submit documents for proof of their identity and address for completing the account registration and to update such information from time to time, we face risks as the information provided by our clients may be outdated, inaccurate, false or misleading. We cannot fully confirm the accuracy, currency and completeness of such information beyond reasonable effort. For example, to reduce the risk of being subject to complex U.S. laws and regulations, we do not allow U.S. citizens or residents to open an account with us and we require our potential clients to provide their passports or identity cards before account opening. However, if a potential client only provides his PRC identity card, which is usually valid for 10 years or more, and misinforms us that he does not also possess a U.S. passport or permanent resident card, we might not be able to detect such misinformation. In addition, as a client who is not a U.S. citizen or resident at the time of account registration may later obtain U.S. citizenship or residential status and fail to update us in a timely manner, our customer database might not be entirely accurate at all time. Despite our efforts to exclude persons who reside in jurisdictions where we have no license or permit such as the United States, our provision of products and services to such clients could be in violation of the applicable laws and regulations in those jurisdictions, of which we may have no awareness until we are warned by the relevant supervising authorities. Despite our safeguards, we could still be subject to certain legal or regulatory sanctions, fines or penalties, financial loss, or damage to reputation resulting from such violations. In particular, following the consummation of the Business Combination, as we become increasingly renown in the United States and worldwide, there is no assurance that we will be able to successfully identify and exclude all persons who resides in jurisdictions where we have no license or permit to operate, including the United States. If U.S. citizens and residents were to register on and begin using our platform, we may be subject to the scrutiny of U.S. regulatory agencies and required to comply with applicable laws and regulations in the United States, including the requirements to obtain relevant licenses and permits for providing our products to U.S. citizens and residents. We currently do not intend to apply for such licenses and permits in the United States, and if we determine to do so, there is no guarantee that we will successfully obtain such licenses in a timely fashion, or at all. We could be subject to disciplinary or other actions by the U.S. regulatory agencies due to claimed noncompliance which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, although we have strict internal policies for continuing KYC procedures after the activation of accounts and for issues such as anti-corruption, economic sanctions, anti-money laundering, export controls and securities fraud, we mainly rely on our continuing KYC procedures to ensure our compliance with relevant laws and regulations related to anti-corruption, economic sanctions, anti-money laundering, export controls and securities fraud. Although we have trainings for our employees in all of our departments, our KYC system and procedures cannot be foolproof. Any potential flaw in our KYC system or any misconduct in the KYC procedures by any of our employees may lead to our failure of compliance with such relevant laws and regulations, which will further subject us to certain legal or regulatory sanctions, fines or penalties, financial loss, or damage to reputation.

Our business, especially the NFT business, is subject to an extensive and highly-evolving regulatory landscape and any adverse changes to, or our failure to comply with, any laws and regulations could adversely affect our brand, reputation, business, operating results, and financial condition.

Our business, especially the NFT business, is subject to extensive laws, rules, regulations, policies, orders, determinations, directives, treaties, and legal and regulatory interpretations and guidance in the markets in which we operate, including those governing financial services, crypto asset custody, exchange, and transfer, cross-border money and crypto asset transmission, foreign currency exchange, cybersecurity, fraud detection, and competition, bankruptcy, tax, anti-bribery, economic and trade sanctions, anti-money laundering, and counter-terrorist financing. Many of these legal and regulatory regimes were adopted prior to the advent of the internet, mobile technologies, crypto assets, and related technologies. As a result, some applicable laws and regulations do not contemplate or address unique issues associated with the cryptoeconomy, are subject to significant uncertainty, and vary widely across local and international jurisdictions. These legal and regulatory regimes, including the laws, rules, and regulations thereunder, evolve frequently and may be modified, interpreted, and applied in an inconsistent manner from one jurisdiction to another. Moreover, the complexity and evolving nature of our business and the significant uncertainty surrounding the regulation of the cryptoeconomy requires us to exercise our judgment as to whether certain laws, rules, and regulations apply to us, and it is possible that governmental bodies and regulators may disagree with our conclusions. To the extent we have not complied with such laws, rules, and regulations, we could be subject to significant fines, revocation of licenses, limitations on our products and services, reputational harm, and other regulatory consequences, each of which may be significant and could adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition.

In addition to existing laws and regulations, various governmental and regulatory bodies, including legislative and executive bodies, in the United States and in other countries may adopt new laws and regulations. Furthermore, new interpretations of existing laws and regulations may be issued by such bodies or the judiciary, which may adversely impact the development of the cryptoeconomy as a whole and our legal and regulatory status in particular by changing how we operate our business, how our products and services are regulated, and what products or services we and our competitors can offer, requiring changes to our compliance and risk mitigation measures, imposing new licensing requirements, or imposing a total ban on certain crypto asset transactions, as has occurred in certain jurisdictions in the past. Many regulations are substantial uncertainties on how these requirements would apply in practice, and we may face substantial costs to operationalize and comply with these rules. We may be further subject to administrative sanctions for technical violations or customer attrition if the user experience suffers as a result.

Because we have offered and may continue to offer a variety of innovative products and services to our customers, our offerings are subject to significant regulatory uncertainty and we from time to time face regulatory inquiries regarding our current and planned products. To the extent that we or our employees, contractors, or agents are deemed or alleged to have violated or failed to comply with any laws or regulations, including related interpretations, orders, determinations, directives, or guidance, we or they could be subject to a litany of civil, criminal, and administrative fines, penalties, orders and actions, including being required to suspend or terminate the offering of certain products and services.

A majority of our clients are PRC residents and are therefore subject to the restrictions under the rules and regulations promulgated by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), regarding the conversion of Renminbi into foreign currencies and the remittance and the use of such funds outside China. Under current PRC foreign exchange regulations, each PRC citizen is permitted to convert up to an aggregate of US$50,000 equivalent Renminbi each year for appropriate personal use. Such appropriate use does not include direct investment into secondary stock markets, futures, insurances, asset management products or other CFD trading. PRC residents who intend to convert U.S. dollars exceeding such quota are required to go through additional application and review procedures with commercial banks designated by the SAFE. In addition, approval from or registration with appropriate government authorities is required when Renminbi is to be converted into foreign currency for the purpose of offshore investment. Although we require our clients to comply with the relevant rules and regulations in the agreements we enter into with them, we cannot assure you that our clients will follow the rules and regulations or the provisions in the agreements at all times. We do not handle the Renminbi cross-border currency conversion for our Chinese clients through any of our accounts or entities, and we do not require our clients to submit evidence of approval or registration with respect to the foreign currency used for offshore investments. We cannot assure you that our current operating model, which includes redirecting our clients to open accounts with third party service provider, will be not deemed as assisting with the currency conversion by SAFE. In such cases, we may face regulatory warnings, correction orders, condemnation and fines, and may not be able to conduct our current business in the future. In addition, any misbehavior or violation by our clients of applicable laws and regulations could lead to regulatory inquiries, investigations or penalties that involve us.

Since the PRC authorities and the commercial banks designated by the SAFE to conduct foreign exchange services have significant discretion in interpreting, implementing and enforcing the foreign exchange rules and regulations, and due to many other factors that are beyond our control and ability to anticipate, we may face more severe consequences, including being asked to take additional and burdensome measures to monitor the source and use of the foreign currency funds in the accounts of our clients, remove our account opening functions, or suspend our operations pending an investigation or indefinitely. In such cases, we may face regulatory warnings, correction orders, condemnation, fines and confiscation of income, and may not be able to conduct our current business in the future. We may also be subject to regular inspections from relevant authorities from time to time. If such situations occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.

In addition, if the PRC government further tightens the amount of currency exchange allowed for PRC residents, increases control over the remittance of currency out of the PRC, restricts the assistance or participation of any non-resident entities in the currency conversion, or specifically prohibits any exchanges for securities-related investment purposes, the trading activities of Chinese residents on our platform could be restricted, which would significantly reduce the trading volume on our platform. As our revenues from brokerage commission and market making income depends heavily on the total trading volume facilitated on our platform, the occurrence of any of the above regulatory changes would have a material and adverse impact on our business, operating and financial results.

Furthermore, we have established Lion Group (Hangzhou) Investment Limited, our PRC subsidiary, holding through Lion Wealth Limited in May 2021. Our PRC subsidiary was established solely for purpose of passive equity investment in China with no substantial business activities and our PRC subsidiary has not made any dividends or other distributions since its incorporation. However, the PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of the Renminbi into foreign currencies and the remittance of currency out of mainland China which may restrict our PRC subsidiary’s ability to transfer cash from our PRC subsidiary to our other non-mainland China entities. To the extent cash is generated in our PRC subsidiary, and may need to be used to fund operations outside of mainland China, such funds may not be available due to limitations placed by the PRC government. In addition, any foreign loan procured by our PRC subsidiary is required to be registered with SAFE or its local branches and any of our PRC subsidiary may not procure loans which exceed the difference between its total investment amount and registered capital or, as an alternative, they may only procure loans subject to the calculation approach and limitation as provided by the People’s Bank of China.

We may be liable for improper collection, use or appropriation of personal information provided by our customers.

We collect certain personal data from our customers in connection with our business and operations and we are subject to various regulatory requirements relating to the security and privacy of data in various jurisdictions. Regulatory requirements regarding the protection of data are constantly evolving and can be subject to different interpretations or significant change, making the extent of our responsibilities in that regard uncertain.

PRC regulators, including the Standing Committee of the PRC National People’s Congress (SCNPC) the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission (CAC), the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT), and the Ministry of Public Security have been increasingly focused on regulation in the areas of data security and data protection and have enforced laws and regulations with varying and evolving standards and interpretations. For instance, the Civil Code of the PRC provides main legal basis for privacy and personal information infringement claims under the Chinese civil laws. On November 7, 2016, the SCNPC issued the PRC Cybersecurity Law, pursuant to which, network operators must not, without users’ consent, collect their personal information, and may only collect users’ personal information necessary to provide their services. On June 10, 2021, the SCNPC promulgated the PRC Data Security Law, which became effective on September 1, 2021. The PRC Data Security Law imposes data security and privacy obligations on entities and individuals carrying out data activities and it specifies that data activities carried out outside China shall also be liable if it involves and damages the interests of PRC citizens. In order to implement the PRC National Security Law, the PRC Cybersecurity Law and the PRC Data Security Law, the CAC, and related authorities promulgated the Cybersecurity Review Measures in December 2021, which took effect in February, 2022, which requires, among others that critical information infrastructure operators that procure internet products and services and network platform operators that carry out data processing activities that affect or may affect national security should be subject to the cybersecurity review, and that network platform operators that possess personal information of more than one million users shall apply for cybersecurity review before seeking to list in a foreign stock exchange. On August 20, 2021, the SCNPC promulgated the PRC Personal Information Protection Law, or the PIPL, which took effect in November 2021. The PIPL imposes specific rules for processing personal information and it also specifies that the law shall also apply to personal information activities carried out outside China but for purpose of providing products or services to PRC citizens. On November 14, 2021, the CAC released the Administration Regulations on the Cyber Data Security (Draft for Comments), or the Draft Cyber Data Regulations. The Draft Cyber Data Regulations provide that data processors refer to individuals or organizations that, during their data processing activities such as data collection, storage, utilization, transmission, publication and deletion, have autonomy over the purpose and the manner of data processing. In accordance with the Draft Cyber Data Regulations, data processors shall apply for a cybersecurity review for certain activities, including, among other things, (i) the listing abroad of data processors that process the personal information of more than one million users and (ii) any data processing activity that affects or may affect national security. However, there have been no clarifications from the relevant authorities as of the date of prospectus as to the standards for determining whether an activity is one that “affects or may affect national security.” In addition, the Draft Cyber Data Regulations requires that data processors that process “important data” or are listed overseas must conduct an annual data security assessment by itself or commission a data security service provider to do so, and submit the assessment report of the preceding year to the municipal cybersecurity department by the end of January each year. In addition, the Administrative Provisions on Internet Information Service Algorithm Recommendation, or Algorithm Recommendation Provisions, that took effect on March 1, 2022 implements classification and hierarchical management for algorithm recommendation service providers based on various criteria, and stipulates that algorithm recommendation service providers with public opinion attributes or social mobilization capabilities shall submit the relevant information within ten business days from the date of providing such services and go through the record-filing formalities. The CAC issued the Measures for the Security Assessment of Data Cross-border Transfer, or the Security Assessment of Data Transfer, on July 7, 2022, which requires that any data processor who provides important data collected and generated during operations within the territory of the PRC or personal information that should be subject to security assessment to a recipient outside of the territory of the PRC shall receive an security assessment. As these opinions and the draft measurers were recently issued, official guidance and interpretation of these two remain unclear in several respects at this time.

Our substantial operations are carried out in Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands and all of the data and personal information we collected are stored in servers outside mainland China. We do not hold personal information of more than one million users and we believe that this offering is not subject to PRC cybersecurity review. In addition, as of the date of this prospectus, we have not received any notice of and is not currently subject to any proceedings initiated by the CAC or any other PRC regulatory authority. However, since our apps are available to download in the app stores of China and most of our users are PRC citizens, we are subject to and may be ordered to comply with those regulations. In addition, we may be subject to heightened regulatory scrutiny from PRC governmental authorities in the future. As there remains significant uncertainty in the interpretation and enforcement of the laws and regulations in relation to data security and cross-border transfer of personal information, we cannot assure you that we will comply with such regulations in all respects. Any non-compliance with these laws and regulations may subject us to fines, orders to rectify or terminate any actions that are deemed illegal by regulatory authorities, other penalties, including but not limited to removal of our apps in China market, as well as reputational damage or legal proceedings against us, which may affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Although our substantial operations are based in Singapore, Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands, we launched our apps in the app stores of China, most of our users are PRC citizens and we recently established a PRC subsidiary in Hangzhou, which may subject us to certain laws and regulations in China. The Chinese government has exercised and continues to exercise substantial control over virtually every sector of the Chinese economy through regulation and state ownership. Our ability to conduct our current business may be harmed by changes in its laws and regulations, including those relating to taxation, environmental regulations, property and other matters. The central or local governments of these jurisdictions may impose new, stricter regulations or interpretations of existing regulations that would require additional expenditures and efforts on our part to ensure our compliance with such regulations or interpretations. Accordingly, government actions in the future, including any decision not to continue to support recent economic reforms and to return to a more centrally planned economy or regional or local variations in the implementation of economic policies, could have a significant effect on economic conditions in China or particular regions thereof, and could require us to divest ourselves of any interest we then hold in Chinese properties.

The PRC government has recently published new policies that significantly affected certain industries such as the education and internet industries, and we cannot rule out the possibility that it will in the future release regulations or policies regarding our industry that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, the PRC government has recently indicated an intent to exert more oversight and control over overseas securities offerings and other capital markets activities by, and overseas and/or foreign investment in, companies with operations in mainland China, including enhancing supervision over companies with operations in mainland China that are listed overseas using VIE structure, and that the PRC regulatory authorities could disallow the use of such VIE holding structure. We do not believe that we are directly subject to these regulatory actions or statements, as we do not currently have any VIE or contractual arrangements in mainland China. Our substantial operation is based in Singapore, Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands, and our PRC subsidiary in Hangzhou was established solely for purpose of passive equity investment in China with no substantial business activities of itself. As of the date of this prospectus, Lion Group (Hangzhou) Investment Limited does not have any operations or investment other than holding 25% of the partnership interest in Hangzhou Qianlan Enterprise Management Partnership (Limited Partnership). The Foreign Investment Law of the PRC, or the Foreign Investment Law, adopted by the National People's Congress in March 2019 and became effective on January 2020, grants pre-establishment national treatment to foreign investors to make investment in China, so long as such investment does not violate the “negative list”. The negative list currently effective is the Special Administrative Measures (Negative List) for the Access of Foreign Investment (2021 Edition), or the Negative List 2021, which became effective on January 1, 2022. Any industry not listed in the Negative List 2021 shall be deemed as permitted industry and generally open to the foreign investment unless specifically prohibited or restricted by the PRC laws and regulations. Pursuant to these regulations, there are no restrictions on foreign investment in establishing subsidiaries and passive equity investment in a limited partnership. As a result, our PRC subsidiary does not require VIE structure or other contractual arrangements for its current operation and the Company holds 100% equity interests in Lion Group (Hangzhou) Investment Limited through Lion Wealth Limited.

While our current corporate structure does not contain any VIEs and our group has no intention establishing any VIEs in the future, if in the future our group’s corporate structure were to contain a VIE, the PRC regulatory authorities could disallow the VIE structure, which would likely result in a material change in our operations and/or a material change in the value of the securities we are registering for sale, including that it could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or in extreme cases, become worthless. Moreover, the rules and regulations and the enforcement thereof in China can change quickly. The PRC regulatory authorities could change the rules, regulations and policies regarding foreign ownership in the industry in which we operate, which would likely result in material change in our operations and/or a material change in the value of the securities we are registering for sale, including that it could cause the value of the securities to significantly decline, or become worthless. As such, we could be subject to regulations by various political and regulatory entities, including various local and municipal agencies and government sub-divisions, and these regulations may be interpreted and applied inconsistently by different agencies or authorities. We may incur increased costs necessary to comply with existing and newly adopted laws and regulations or penalties for any failure to comply, and such compliance or any associated inquiries or investigations or any other government actions may:

Further, it is uncertain when and whether we will be required to obtain any pre-approval from the PRC government to list on U.S. exchanges or to conduct our current business operation, and even when such pre-approval is obtained, whether it will be denied or rescinded. Further, the promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case that restrict or otherwise unfavorably may impact the ability or the way we may conduct our business and could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our products or services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject it to additional liabilities. As such, our operations could be adversely affected, directly or indirectly, by existing or future PRC laws and regulations relating to its business or industry, which could result in a material adverse change in the value of our ADSs, potentially rendering it worthless. As a result, both you and us face uncertainty about future actions by the PRC government that could significantly affect our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and cause the value of our securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

Recent statements by the Chinese government have indicated an intent to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investments in China-based issuers. The PRC has recently issued new rules that would require companies collecting or holding large amounts of data or critical data to undergo a cybersecurity review prior to listing in other nations, a move that would significantly tighten oversight over China based companies. In detail, in December 2021, the CAC, together with other authorities, jointly promulgated the Cybersecurity Review Measures, which became effective on February 15, 2022 and replaces its predecessor regulation. Pursuant to the Cybersecurity Review Measures, critical information infrastructure operators that procure internet products and services and network platform operators that carry out data processing activities that affect or may affect national security should be subject to the cybersecurity review. The Cybersecurity Review Measures further stipulates that network platform operators that possess personal information of more than one million users shall apply for cybersecurity review before seeking to list in a foreign stock exchange. Moreover, in November 2021, the CAC released the Administration Regulations on the Cyber Data Security (Draft for Comments), or the Draft Cyber Data Regulations. The Draft Cyber Data Regulations provide that data processors refer to individuals or organizations that, during their data processing activities such as data collection, storage, utilization, transmission, publication and deletion, have autonomy over the purpose and the manner of data processing. In accordance with the Draft Cyber Data Regulations, data processors shall apply for a cybersecurity review for certain activities, including, among other things, (i) the listing abroad of data processors that process the personal information of more than one million users and (ii) any data processing activity that affects or may affect national security. In addition, the Draft Cyber Data Regulations requires that data processors that process “important data” or are listed overseas must conduct an annual data security assessment by itself or commission a data security service provider to do so, and submit the assessment report of the preceding year to the municipal cybersecurity department by the end of January each year. As of the date of this prospectus, the Draft Cyber Data Regulations was released for public comment only, and their respective provisions and anticipated adoption or effective date may be subject to change with substantial uncertainty.

Although the substantial operation of us is based in Singapore, Hong Kong and the Cayman Islands and all of the data and personal information we collected are stored in servers outside mainland China, we launched our apps in the app stores of China and most of our users are PRC citizens, which may subject us to certain laws and regulations in China. As such, we collect certain personal data from our customers in connection with our business and operations and we are subject to various regulatory requirements relating to the security and privacy of data in various jurisdictions. Neither the Cybersecurity Review Measures or the Draft Cyber Data Regulations had been issued or effective before our historic listing and the laws and regulations then effective as of our historic listing did not require any issuer to obtain pre-approval from CAC before listing at a foreign stock exchange. As of the date of this prospectus, no detailed rules or implementation rules of the Cybersecurity Review Measures have been issued by any authority and both the Cybersecurity Review Measures and the Draft Cyber Data Regulations remain unclear as to whether relevant requirements will be applicable to companies that have already been listed in the United States, such as us, for our future offerings. As of the date of this prospectus, we do not hold personal information of more than one million individual users and our business activities does not involve risk factors regarding national security as stipulated in the Cybersecurity Review Measures. We have not been informed by any government authorities that we are deemed as a critical information infrastructure operator, and we have not received any inquiry or notice of and is not currently subject to any proceedings initiated by the CAC. Based on the foregoing and as advised by our PRC legal counsel, JunHe LLP, we believe that we are not required to apply for pre-approval from CAC before the issuance of the securities being registered for resale under this registration statement and we are not subject to mandatory application requirement for cybersecurity review. However, the exact definition, scope or criteria of “critical information infrastructure operators”, “network platform operators” and “risk factors regarding national security” under the current regulatory regime remains unclear, and the PRC government authorities may have wide discretion in the interpretation and enforcement of the applicable laws. Since our apps are available to download in the app stores of China and most of our users are PRC citizens, we cannot assure you that we would not be deemed by the authority as a critical information infrastructure operator or carrying out data processing activities that affect or may affect national security, which may subject us to order of clearance of cybersecurity review or other specific actions. We face uncertainties as to whether these additional procedures can be completed by us timely, or at all, which may subject us to government enforcement actions and investigations, fines, penalties, suspension of our non-compliant operations, or removal of our app from the relevant application stores, and materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. In addition, we may be subject to heightened regulatory scrutiny from PRC governmental authorities in the future. As there remains significant uncertainty in the interpretation and enforcement of the Data Security Law and the PIPL, we cannot assure you that we will comply with such regulations in all respects. Any non-compliance with these laws and regulations may subject us to fines, orders to rectify or terminate any actions that are deemed illegal by regulatory authorities, other penalties, including but not limited to removal of our apps in China market, as well as reputational damage or legal proceedings against us, which may affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

On July 6, 2021, the General Office of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued the July 6 Opinion, to crack down on illegal activities in the securities market and promote the high-quality development of the capital markets, which, among other things, requires the relevant governmental authorities to strengthen cross-border oversight of law-enforcement and judicial cooperation, to enhance supervision over China-based companies listed overseas, and to establish and improve the system of extraterritorial application of the PRC securities laws. Since this document is relatively new, uncertainties still exist in relation to how soon legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any, and the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our future offerings.

The M&A Rules adopted by six PRC regulatory agencies requires an overseas special purpose vehicle formed for listing purposes through acquisitions of PRC domestic companies and controlled by PRC companies or individuals to obtain the approval of the CSRC, prior to the listing and trading of such special purpose vehicle’s securities on an overseas stock exchange. As advised by our PRC legal counsel, JunHe LLP, based on their understanding of the current PRC laws, rules and regulations that the CSRC's approval is not required for our listing and trading of our securities on Nasdaq, given that our PRC subsidiary was incorporated as wholly foreign-owned enterprises by means of direct investment rather than by merger or acquisition of equity interest or assets of a PRC domestic company owned by PRC companies or individuals as defined under the M&A Rules that are our beneficial owners. However, our PRC counsel has further advised us that there remains some uncertainty as to how the M&A Rules will be interpreted or implemented in the context of an overseas offering and its opinions summarized above are subject to any new laws, rules and regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations in any form relating to the M&A Rules. We cannot assure you that relevant PRC government agencies, including the CSRC, would reach the same conclusion as we do.

On December 24, 2021, the CSRC published the Provisions of the State Council on the Administration of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (Draft for Comments), and Administrative Measures for the Filing of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (Draft for Comments), or, collectively, the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations. Such Draft Overseas Listing Regulations set out new filing procedures for China-based companies seeking direct or indirect listings and offerings in overseas markets. The Draft Overseas Listing Regulations require that China-based companies seeking to offer and list securities in overseas markets complete certain post-application / post-listing filing procedures with the CSRC. The Draft Overseas Listing Regulations do not require a China-based company including the Company to obtain the CSRC’s pre-approval before it applies for or completes a listing or offering of securities in overseas markets. However, the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations were released only for public comments and their provisions and anticipated adoption date are subject to changes and their interpretation and implementation remain uncertain.

If it is determined that any CSRC approval, filing, cybersecurity review or other governmental authorization is required for our previous and future offering, we may face sanctions by the CSRC, the CAC or other PRC regulatory agencies for failure to do so. These sanctions may include fines and penalties on operations in the PRC, limitations on our operating privileges in the PRC, delays in or restrictions on the repatriation of the proceeds from previous or future offering into the PRC, restrictions on or prohibition of the payments or remittance of dividends by our PRC subsidiary, or other actions that could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation and prospects, as well as the trading price of our ordinary shares. Furthermore, the CSRC or other PRC regulatory agencies may also take actions requiring us, or making it advisable for us, to halt our future offering before the settlement and delivery of the ordinary shares that we are offering. Consequently, if you engage in market trading or other activities in anticipation of and prior to the settlement and delivery of the ordinary shares we are offering, you would be doing so at the risk that the settlement and delivery may not occur. And if our subsidiaries or the holding company were denied permission from PRC authorities to list on U.S. exchanges, we will not be able to continue listing on U.S. exchange, which would materially affect the interest of the investors.

As of the date of this prospectus, we have not received any inquiry or notice or any objection to this offering from the CSRC, the CAC or any other PRC authorities that have jurisdiction over our operations in mainland China and Hong Kong. However, given the current regulatory environment in the PRC, there remain uncertainty regarding the interpretation and enforcement of PRC laws, which can change quickly with little advance notice subject to any future actions of the PRC authorities. Uncertainties still exist, however, due to the possibility that laws, regulations, or policies in the PRC could change rapidly in the future. Any future action by the PRC government expanding the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

Our ADSs and warrants may be delisted or prohibited from being traded “over-the-counter” under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (as amended by the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act) if the PCAOB were unable to fully inspect the company’s auditor.

The Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, or the HFCA Act, was enacted into U.S. law on December 18, 2020. The HFCA Act states that if the SEC determines that a company has filed audit reports issued by a registered public accounting firm that has not been subject to inspection by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board of the United States (the “PCAOB”) for three consecutive years beginning in 2021, the SEC shall prohibit its securities from being traded on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter trading market in the U.S. On December 16, 2021, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board of the United States (the “PCAOB”) issued a Determination Report which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (i) China, and (ii) Hong Kong. The management of Company believes that this determination does not impact the Company, as the auditor of the Company, UHY LLP, (i) is headquartered in New York, U.S.A., (ii) is an independent registered public accounting firm with the PCAOB, and (iii) has been inspected by the PCAOB on a regular basis. Nonetheless, there can be no assurance that future changes in laws or regulations will not impact the Company, UHY LLP or any future auditor of the Company. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that UHY LLP will be able to meet the requirements of the HFCA Act and that the Company will not suffer the resulting material and adverse impact on its stock performance, as a company listed in the United States.

On December 2, 2021, the SEC adopted final amendments implementing congressionally mandated submission and disclosure requirements of the HFCA Act. On December 23, 2022 the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (AHFCA Act) was enacted, which amended the HFCA Act by requiring the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three. As a result, the time period before the Company’s securities may be prohibited from trading or delisted has been reduced accordingly.

Lack of access to PCAOB inspections prevents the PCAOB from fully evaluating audits and quality control procedures of the accounting firms headquartered in mainland China or Hong Kong. As a result, investors in companies using such auditors may be deprived of the benefits of such PCAOB inspections. On August 26, 2022, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or CSRC, the Ministry of Finance of the PRC, and PCAOB signed a Statement of Protocol, or the Protocol, governing inspections and investigations of audit firms based in China and Hong Kong. Pursuant to the Protocol, the PCAOB has independent discretion to select any issuer audits for inspection or investigation and has the unfettered ability to transfer information to the SEC. However, uncertainties still exist whether this new framework will be fully complied with. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it was able to secure complete access to inspect and investigate PCAOB-registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong in 2022, and the PCAOB board vacated its previous determinations that the PCAOB was unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong. However, whether the PCAOB will continue to be able to satisfactorily conduct inspections of PCAOB-registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong is subject to uncertainty and depends on a number of factors out of our, and our auditor’s, control. The PCAOB is continuing to demand complete access in mainland China and Hong Kong moving forward and is already making plans to resume regular inspections in early 2023 and beyond, as well as to continue pursuing ongoing investigations and initiate new investigations as needed. The PCAOB has indicated that it will act immediately to consider the need to issue new determinations with the HFCA Act if needed.

UHY LLP is not included in the list of determinations announced by the PCAOB on December 21, 2021 in their HFCA Act Determination Report under PCAOB Rule 6100. If notwithstanding this new framework, the PCAOB was unable to fully inspect UHY LLP (or any other auditor of the Company) in the future, or if PRC or American authorities further regulate auditing work of Chinese or Hong Kong companies listed on the U.S. stock exchanges in a manner that would restrict UHY LLP (or any future auditor of the Company) from performing work in Hong Kong, the Company may be required to change its auditor. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that the SEC, Nasdaq, or other regulatory authorities would not apply additional and more stringent criteria to the Company in connection with audit procedures and quality control procedures, adequacy of personnel and training, or sufficiency of resources, geographic reach or experience as it relates to the audit of the Company’s financial statements. The failure to comply with the requirement in the HFCA Act, as amended by the AHFCA Act, that the PCAOB be permitted to inspect the issuer’s public accounting firm within two years, would subject AGBA to consequences including the delisting of AGBA in the future if the PCAOB is unable to inspect the Company’s accounting firm (whether UHY LLP or another firm) at such future time.

We may from time to time, offer and sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus up to a total dollar amount of $200,000,000 in one or more offerings. The securities offered under this prospectus may be offered separately, together, or in separate series, and in amounts, at prices, and on terms to be determined at the time of sale. We will keep the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part effective until such time as all of the securities covered by this prospectus have been disposed of pursuant to and in accordance with such registration statement.

Except as may be described otherwise in an accompanying prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities we offer for general corporate purposes.

We are a Cayman Islands exempted company incorporated with limited liability and our affairs are governed by our currently effective memorandum and articles of association, the Companies Act of the Cayman Islands, as amended from time to time.

As of the date of this prospectus, our Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association authorizes the issuance of 500,000,000 authorized shares with a par value of US$0.0001 each, comprising (a) 300,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares; (b) 150,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares; and (c) 50,000,000 preferred shares.

The holders of Class A Ordinary Shares are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by shareholders.

There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that the holders of more than 50% of the votes, including votes from holders of Class B Ordinary Shares, for the election of directors can elect all of the directors.

The holders of Class B Ordinary Shares are entitled to one hundred votes for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by shareholders.

Each Class B Ordinary Share is convertible into one Class A Ordinary Share at any time by the holder thereof, subject to adjustments for any subdivision or combination, while Class A Ordinary Shares are not convertible into Class B Ordinary Shares under any circumstances. Upon any sale of Class B Ordinary Shares by a holder thereof to any person other than an affiliate of such holder, such Class B Ordinary Shares shall be automatically and immediately converted into the same number of Class A Ordinary Shares.

Other than as describe above, holders of Class B Ordinary Shares have all of the same rights as holders of Class A Ordinary Shares.

The Board is empowered to allot, issue, and dispose of shares (including, without limitation, preferred shares) (whether in certificated form or non-certificated form), to such persons, in such manner, on such terms and having such rights and being subject to such restrictions as they may from time to time determine. The Board may, without the approval of the shareholders, create and designate out of the unissued shares of the Company (including unissued Class A Ordinary Shares) one or more classes or series of preferred shares, comprising such number of preferred shares, and having such designations, powers, preferences, privileges and other rights, including dividend rights, voting rights, conversion rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, as the Board may determine in their sole and absolute discretion.

You should refer to the prospectus supplement relating to the series of preferred shares being offered for the specific terms of that series, including:

Upon issuance, the preferred shares will be fully paid and nonassessable, which means that its holders will have paid their purchase price in full and we may not require them to pay additional funds.

Any preferred share terms selected by the Board could decrease the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of our Ordinary Shares or adversely affect the rights and power, including voting rights, of the holders of our Ordinary Shares without any further vote or action by the stockholders. The rights of holders of our Ordinary Shares will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any preferred shares that may be issued by us in the future. The issuance of preferred shares could also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult.

The registrar, transfer agent and dividend payment agent for our ADSs is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC.

Our ADSs and 2019 Warrants are listed on the NASDAQ under the symbols “LGHL” and “LGHLW”, respectively.

Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as depositary, will register and deliver the ADSs, subject to the terms of a deposit agreement among us, the depositary and you, as an ADS holder, and the beneficial owners of ADSs. Each ADS represents one Class A Ordinary Share, deposited with Deutsche Bank AG, Hong Kong Branch, as custodian for the depositary. Each ADS will also represent ownership of any other securities, cash or other property which may be held by the depositary. The depositary’s corporate trust office at which the ADSs will be administered is located at 60 Wall Street, New York, NY 10005, USA. The principal executive office of the depositary is located at 60 Wall Street, New York, NY 10005, USA.

The Direct Registration System, or DRS, is a system administered by The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, pursuant to which the depositary may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership shall be evidenced by periodic statements issued by the depositary to the ADS holders entitled thereto.

We will not treat ADS holders as our shareholders and accordingly, you, as an ADS holder, will not have shareholder rights. Cayman Islands law governs shareholder rights. The depositary will be the holder of the Class A Ordinary Shares underlying your ADSs. As a holder of ADSs, you will have ADS holder rights. A deposit agreement among us, the depositary and you, as an ADS holder, and the beneficial owners of ADSs sets out ADS holder rights as well as the rights and obligations of the depositary. The laws of the State of New York govern the deposit agreement and the ADSs. See “- Jurisdiction and Arbitration.”

The following is a summary of the material provisions of the deposit agreement. For more complete information, you should read the entire deposit agreement and the form of American Depositary Receipt. Class A Ordinary Shares deposited with the depositary that are restricted securities as defined under the deposit agreement (which includes shares held by our affiliates) are not eligible for deposit under the terms of the deposit agreement, but rather under the terms of a separate restricted deposit agreement, pursuant to which you would receive restricted ADSs and should also review the form of Restricted American Depositary Receipt.

You may hold ADSs either (1) directly (a) by having an American Depositary Receipt, or ADR, which is a certificate evidencing a specific number of ADSs, registered in your name, or (b) by holding ADSs in DRS, or (2) indirectly through your broker or other financial institution. If you hold ADSs directly, you are an ADS holder. This description assumes you hold your ADSs directly. ADSs will be issued through DRS, unless you specifically request certificated ADRs. If you hold the ADSs indirectly, you must rely on the procedures of your broker or other financial institution to assert the rights of ADS holders described in this section. You should consult with your broker or financial institution to find out what those procedures are.

The depositary has agreed to pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on Class A Ordinary Shares or other deposited securities, after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of Class A Ordinary Shares your ADSs represent as of the record date (which will be as close as practicable to the record date for our Class A Ordinary Shares) set by the depositary with respect to the ADSs.

Cash. The depositary will convert or cause to be converted any cash dividend or other cash distribution we pay on the Class A Ordinary Shares or any net proceeds from the sale of any Class A Ordinary Shares, rights, securities or other entitlements under the terms of the deposit agreement into U.S. dollars if it can do so on a practicable basis, and can transfer the U.S. dollars to the United States and will distribute promptly the amount thus received. If the depositary shall determine in its judgment that such conversions or transfers are not practical or lawful or if any government approval or license is needed and cannot be obtained at a reasonable cost within a reasonable period or otherwise sought, the deposit agreement allows the depositary to distribute the foreign currency only to those ADS holders to whom it is possible to do so. It will hold or cause the custodian to hold the foreign currency it cannot convert for the account of the ADS holders who have not been paid and such funds will be held for the respective accounts of the ADS holders. It will not invest the foreign currency and it will not be liable for any interest for the respective accounts of the ADS holders.

Before making a distribution, any taxes or other governmental charges, together with fees and expenses of the depositary, that must be paid, will be deducted. See “Taxation.” It will distribute only whole U.S. dollars and cents and will round down fractional cents to the nearest whole cent. If the exchange rates fluctuate during a time when the depositary cannot convert the foreign currency, you may lose some or all of the value of the distribution.

Shares. For any Class A Ordinary Shares we distribute as a dividend or free distribution, either (1) the depositary will distribute additional ADSs representing such Class A Ordinary Shares or (2) existing ADSs as of the applicable record date will represent rights and interests in the additional Class A Ordinary Shares distributed, to the extent reasonably practicable and permissible under law, in either case, net of applicable fees, charges and expenses incurred by the depositary and taxes and/or other governmental charges. The depositary will only distribute whole ADSs. It will try to sell Class A Ordinary Shares which would require it to deliver a fractional ADS and distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it does with cash. The depositary may sell a portion of the distributed Class A Ordinary Shares sufficient to pay its fees and expenses, and any taxes and governmental charges, in connection with that distribution.

Elective Distributions in Cash or Shares. If we offer holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares the option to receive dividends in either cash or shares, the depositary, after consultation with us and having received timely notice as described in the deposit agreement of such elective distribution by us, has discretion to determine to what extent such elective distribution will be made available to you as a holder of the ADSs. We must timely first instruct the depositary to make such elective distribution available to you and furnish it with satisfactory evidence that it is legal to do so. The depositary could decide it is not legal or reasonably practicable to make such elective distribution available to you. In such case, the depositary shall, on the basis of the same determination as is made in respect of the Class A Ordinary Shares for which no election is made, distribute either cash in the same way as it does in a cash distribution, or additional ADSs representing Class A Ordinary Shares in the same way as it does in a share distribution. The depositary is not obligated to make available to you a method to receive the elective dividend in shares rather than in ADSs. There can be no assurance that you will be given the opportunity to receive elective distributions on the same terms and conditions as the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares.

Rights to Purchase Additional Shares. If we offer holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares any rights to subscribe for additional shares, the depositary shall having received timely notice as described in the deposit agreement of such distribution by us, consult with us, and we must determine whether it is lawful and reasonably practicable to make these rights available to you. We must first instruct the depositary to make such rights available to you and furnish the depositary with satisfactory evidence that it is legal to do so. If the depositary decides it is not legal or reasonably practicable to make the rights available but that it is lawful and reasonably practicable to sell the rights, the depositary will endeavor to sell the rights and in a riskless principal capacity or otherwise, at such place and upon such terms (including public or private sale) as it may deem proper distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it does with cash. The depositary will allow rights that are not distributed or sold to lapse. In that case, you will receive no value for them.

If the depositary makes rights available to you, it will establish procedures to distribute such rights and enable you to exercise the rights upon your payment of applicable fees, charges and expenses incurred by the depositary and taxes and/or other governmental charges. The Depositary shall not be obliged to make available to you a method to exercise such rights to subscribe for Class A Ordinary Shares (rather than ADSs).

U.S. securities laws may restrict transfers and cancellation of the ADSs represented by shares purchased upon exercise of rights. For example, you may not be able to trade these ADSs freely in the United States. In this case, the depositary may deliver restricted depositary shares that have the same terms as the ADSs described in this section except for changes needed to put the necessary restrictions in place.

There can be no assurance that you will be given the opportunity to exercise rights on the same terms and conditions as the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares or be able to exercise such rights.

Other Distributions. Subject to receipt of timely notice, as described in the deposit agreement, from us with the request to make any such distribution available to you, and provided the depositary has determined such distribution is lawful and reasonably practicable and feasible and in accordance with the terms of the deposit agreement, the depositary will distribute to you anything else we distribute on deposited securities by any means it may deem practicable, upon your payment of applicable fees, charges and expenses incurred by the depositary and taxes and/or other governmental charges. If any of the conditions above are not met, the depositary will endeavor to sell, or cause to be sold, what we distributed and distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it does with cash; or, if it is unable to sell such property, the depositary may dispose of such property in any way it deems reasonably practicable under the circumstances for nominal or no consideration, such that you may have no rights to or arising from such property.

The depositary is not responsible if it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any ADS holders. We have no obligation to register ADSs, shares, rights or other securities under the Securities Act. We also have no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of ADSs, shares, rights or anything else to ADS holders. This means that you may not receive the distributions we make on our shares or any value for them if we and/or the depositary determines that it is illegal or not practicable for us or the depositary to make them available to you.

The depositary will deliver ADSs if you or your broker deposit Class A Ordinary Shares or evidence of rights to receive Class A Ordinary Shares with the custodian. Upon payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, the depositary will register the appropriate number of ADSs in the names you request and will deliver the ADSs to or upon the order of the person or persons entitled thereto.

When you make a deposit of Class A Ordinary Shares, you will be responsible for transferring good and valid title to the depositary. As such, you will be deemed to represent and warrant that:

If any of the representations or warranties is incorrect in any way, we and the depositary may, at your cost and expense, take any and all actions necessary to correct the consequences of the misrepresentation.

You may turn in your ADSs at the depositary’s corporate trust office or by providing appropriate instructions to your broker. Upon payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, the depositary will deliver the Class A Ordinary Shares and any other deposited securities underlying the ADSs to you or a person you designate at the office of the custodian. Or, at your request, risk and expense, the depositary will deliver the deposited securities at its corporate trust office, to the extent permitted by law.

How do ADS holders interchange between Certificated ADSs and Uncertificated ADSs?

You may surrender your ADR to the depositary for the purpose of exchanging your ADR for uncertificated ADSs. The depositary will cancel that ADR and will send you a statement confirming that you are the owner of uncertificated ADSs. Alternatively, upon receipt by the depositary of a proper instruction from a holder of uncertificated ADSs requesting the exchange of uncertificated ADSs for certificated ADSs, the depositary will execute and deliver to you an ADR evidencing those ADSs.

You may instruct the depositary to vote the Class A Ordinary Shares or other deposited securities underlying your ADSs at any meeting at which you are entitled to vote pursuant to any applicable law, the provisions of our memorandum and articles of association, and the provisions of or governing the deposited securities. Otherwise, you could exercise your right to vote directly if you withdraw the Class A Ordinary Shares. However, you may not know about the meeting sufficiently enough in advance to withdraw the Class A Ordinary Shares.

If we ask for your instructions and upon timely notice from us by regular, ordinary mail delivery, or by electronic transmission, as described in the deposit agreement, the depositary will notify you of the upcoming meeting at which you are entitled to vote pursuant to any applicable law, the provisions of our memorandum and articles of association, and the provisions of or governing the deposited securities, and arrange to deliver our voting materials to you. The materials will include or reproduce (a) such notice of meeting or solicitation of consents or proxies; (b) a statement that the ADS holders at the close of business on the ADS record date will be entitled, subject to any applicable law, the provisions of our memorandum and articles of association, and the provisions of or governing the deposited securities, to instruct the depositary as to the exercise of the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the Class A Ordinary Shares or other deposited securities represented by such holder’s ADSs; and (c) a brief statement as to the manner in which such instructions may be given to the depositary or deemed given in accordance with the second to last sentence of this paragraph if no instruction is received to the depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by us. Voting instructions may be given only in respect of a number of ADSs representing an integral number of Class A Ordinary Shares or other deposited securities. For instructions to be valid, the depositary must receive them in writing on or before the date specified. The depositary will try, as far as practical, subject to applicable law and the provisions of our memorandum and articles of association, to vote or to have its agents vote the Class A Ordinary Shares or other deposited securities (in person or by proxy) as you instruct. The depositary will only vote or attempt to vote as you instruct. If we timely requested the depositary to solicit your instructions but no instructions are received by the depositary from an owner with respect to any of the deposited securities represented by the ADSs of that owner on or before the date established by the depositary for such purpose, the depositary shall deem that owner to have instructed the depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by us with respect to such deposited securities, and the depositary shall give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by us to vote such deposited securities. However, no such instruction shall be deemed given and no such discretionary proxy shall be given with respect to any matter if we inform the depositary we do not wish such proxy given, substantial opposition exists or the matter materially and adversely affects the rights of holders of the ordinary shares.

We cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct the depositary to vote the Class A Ordinary Shares underlying your ADSs. In addition, there can be no assurance that ADS holders and beneficial owners generally, or any holder or beneficial owner in particular, will be given the opportunity to vote or cause the custodian to vote on the same terms and conditions as the holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares.

The depositary and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and you may have no recourse if the Class A Ordinary Shares underlying your ADSs are not voted as you requested.

In order to give you a reasonable opportunity to instruct the depositary as to the exercise of voting rights relating to deposited securities, if we request the depositary to act, we will give the depositary notice of any such meeting and details concerning the matters to be voted at least 30 business days in advance of the meeting date.

Each ADS holder and beneficial owner shall (a) provide such information as we or the depositary may request pursuant to law, including, without limitation, relevant Cayman Islands law, any applicable law of the United States of America, our memorandum and articles of association, any resolutions of our Board of Directors adopted pursuant to such memorandum and articles of association, the requirements of any markets or exchanges upon which the Class A Ordinary Shares, ADSs or ADRs are listed or traded, or to any requirements of any electronic book-entry system by which the ADSs or ADRs may be transferred, regarding the capacity in which they own or owned ADRs, the identity of any other persons then or previously interested in such ADRs and the nature of such interest, and any other applicable matters, and (b) be bound by and subject to applicable provisions of the laws of the Cayman Islands, our memorandum and articles of association, and the requirements of any markets or exchanges upon which the ADSs, ADRs or Class A Ordinary Shares are listed or traded, or pursuant to any requirements of any electronic book-entry system by which the ADSs, ADRs or Class A Ordinary Shares may be transferred, to the same extent as if such ADS holder or beneficial owner held Class A Ordinary Shares directly, in each case irrespective of whether or not they are ADS holders or beneficial owners at the time such request is made.

Each ADS holder and beneficial owner shall comply with our requests pursuant to Cayman Islands law, the rules and requirements of the Nasdaq Stock Market and any other stock exchange on which the Class A Ordinary Shares are, or will be, registered, traded or listed or our memorandum and articles of association, which requests are made to provide information, inter alia, as to the capacity in which such ADS holder or beneficial owner owns ADS and regarding the identity of any other person interested in such ADS and the nature of such interest and various other matters, whether or not they are ADS holders or beneficial owners at the time of such requests.

As an ADS holder, you will be required to pay the following service fees to the depositary bank and certain taxes and governmental charges (in addition to any applicable fees, expenses, taxes and other governmental charges payable on the deposited securities represented by any of your ADSs):

As an ADS holder, you will also be responsible to pay certain fees and expenses incurred by the depositary bank and certain taxes and governmental charges (in addition to any applicable fees, expenses, taxes and other governmental charges payable on the deposited securities represented by any of your ADSs) such as:

The depositary fees payable upon the issuance and cancellation of ADSs are typically paid to the depositary bank by the brokers (on behalf of their clients) receiving the newly issued ADSs from the depositary bank and by the brokers (on behalf of their clients) delivering the ADSs to the depositary bank for cancellation. The brokers in turn charge these fees to their clients. Depositary fees payable in connection with distributions of cash or securities to ADS holders and the depositary services fee are charged by the depositary bank to the holders of record of ADSs as of the applicable ADS record date.

The depositary fees payable for cash distributions are generally deducted from the cash being distributed or by selling a portion of distributable property to pay the fees. In the case of distributions other than cash (i.e., share dividends, rights), the depositary bank charges the applicable fee to the ADS record date holders concurrent with the distribution. In the case of ADSs registered in the name of the investor (whether certificated or uncertificated in direct registration), the depositary bank sends invoices to the applicable record date ADS holders. In the case of ADSs held in brokerage and custodian accounts (via DTC), the depositary bank generally collects its fees through the systems provided by DTC (whose nominee is the registered holder of the ADSs held in DTC) from the brokers and custodians holding ADSs in their DTC accounts. The brokers and custodians who hold their clients’ ADSs in DTC accounts in turn charge their clients’ accounts the amount of the fees paid to the depositary banks.

In the event of refusal to pay the depositary fees, the depositary bank may, under the terms of the deposit agreement, refuse the requested service until payment is received or may set off the amount of the depositary fees from any distribution to be made to the ADS holder.

The depositary may make payments to us or reimburse us for certain costs and expenses, by making available a portion of the ADS fees collected in respect of the ADR program or otherwise, upon such terms and conditions as we and the depositary bank agree from time to time.

You will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable, or which become payable, on your ADSs or on the deposited securities represented by any of your ADSs. The depositary may refuse to register or transfer your ADSs or allow you to withdraw the deposited securities represented by your ADSs until such taxes or other charges are paid. It may apply payments owed to you or sell deposited securities represented by your ADSs to pay any taxes owed and you will remain liable for any deficiency. If the depositary sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of ADSs to reflect the sale and pay to you any net proceeds, or send to you any property, remaining after it has paid the taxes. You agree to indemnify us, the depositary, the custodian and each of our and their respective agents, directors, employees and affiliates for, and hold each of them harmless from, any claims with respect to taxes (including applicable interest and penalties thereon) arising from any refund of taxes, reduced rate of withholding at source or other tax benefit obtained for you. Your obligations under this paragraph shall survive any transfer of ADRs, any surrender of ADRs and withdrawal of deposited securities or the termination of the deposit agreement.

We may agree with the depositary to amend the deposit agreement and the form of ADR without your consent for any reason. If an amendment adds or increases fees or charges, except for taxes and other governmental charges or expenses of the depositary for registration fees, facsimile costs, delivery charges or similar items, including expenses incurred in connection with foreign exchange control regulations and other charges specifically payable by ADS holders under the deposit agreement, or materially prejudices a substantial existing right of ADS holders, it will not become effective for outstanding ADSs until 30 days after the depositary notifies ADS holders of the amendment. At the time an amendment becomes effective, you are considered, by continuing to hold your ADSs, to agree to the amendment and to be bound by the ADRs and the deposit agreement as amended. If any new laws are adopted which would require the deposit agreement to be amended in order to comply therewith, we and the depositary may amend the deposit agreement in accordance with such laws and such amendment may become effective before notice thereof is given to ADS holders.

The depositary will terminate the deposit agreement if we ask it to do so, in which case the depositary will give notice to you at least 90 days prior to termination. The depositary may also terminate the deposit agreement if the depositary has told us that it would like to resign, or if we have removed the depositary, and in either case we have not appointed a new depositary within 90 days. In either such case, the depositary must notify you at least 30 days before termination.

After termination, the depositary and its agents will do the following under the deposit agreement but nothing else: collect distributions on the deposited securities, sell rights and other property and deliver Class A Ordinary Shares and other deposited securities upon cancellation of ADSs after payment of any fees, charges, taxes or other governmental charges. Six months or more after the date of termination, the depositary may sell any remaining deposited securities by public or private sale. After that, the depositary will hold the money it received on the sale, as well as any other cash it is holding under the deposit agreement, for the pro rata benefit of the ADS holders that have not surrendered their ADSs. It will not invest the money and has no liability for interest. After such sale, the depositary’s only obligations will be to account for the money and other cash. After termination, we shall be discharged from all obligations under the deposit agreement except for our obligations to the depositary thereunder.

The depositary will maintain ADS holder records at its depositary office. You may inspect such records at such office during regular business hours but solely for the purpose of communicating with other holders in the interest of business matters relating to the Company, the ADRs and the deposit agreement.

The depositary will maintain facilities in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York to record and process the issuance, cancellation, combination, split-up and transfer of ADRs.

These facilities may be closed at any time or from time to time when such action is deemed necessary or advisable by the depositary in connection with the performance of its duties under the deposit agreement or at our reasonable written request.

Limits on our Obligations and the Obligations of the Depositary and the Custodian; Limits on Liability to Holders of ADSs

The deposit agreement expressly limits our obligations and the obligations of the depositary and the custodian. It also limits our liability and the liability of the depositary. The depositary and the custodian:

The depositary and any of its agents also disclaim any liability (i) for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote, the manner in which any vote is cast or the effect of any vote or failure to determine that any distribution or action may be lawful or reasonably practicable or for allowing any rights to lapse in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement, (ii) the failure or timeliness of any notice from us, the content of any information submitted to it by us for distribution to you or for any inaccuracy of any translation thereof, (iii) any investment risk associated with the acquisition of an interest in the deposited securities, the validity or worth of the deposited securities, the credit-worthiness of any third party, (iv) for any tax consequences that may result from ownership of ADSs, Class A Ordinary Shares or deposited securities, or (v) for any acts or omissions made by a successor depositary whether in connection with a previous act or omission of the depositary or in connection with any matter arising wholly after the removal or resignation of the depositary, provided that in connection with the issue out of which such potential liability arises the depositary performed its obligations without gross negligence or willful misconduct while it acted as depositary.

In the deposit agreement, we agree to indemnify the depositary under certain circumstances.

The laws of the State of New York govern the deposit agreement and the ADSs and we have agreed with the depositary that the federal or state courts in the City of New York shall have exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine any dispute arising from or in connection with the deposit agreement and that the depositary will have the right to refer any claim or dispute arising from the relationship created by the deposit agreement to arbitration in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration provisions of the deposit agreement do not preclude you from pursuing claims under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act in federal or state courts.

The deposit agreement provides that each party to the deposit agreement (including each holder, beneficial owner and holder of interests in the ADRs) irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any right it may have to a trial by jury in any lawsuit or proceeding against us or the depositary arising out of or relating to our shares, the ADSs or the deposit agreement, including any claim under the U.S. federal securities laws. If we or the depositary opposed a jury trial demand based on the waiver, the court would determine whether the waiver was enforceable based on the facts and circumstances of that case in accordance with the applicable law.

Before the depositary will issue, deliver or register a transfer of an ADS, split-up, subdivide or combine ADSs, make a distribution on an ADS, or permit withdrawal of Class A Ordinary Shares, the depositary may require:

The depositary may refuse to issue and deliver ADSs or register transfers of ADSs generally when the register of the depositary or our transfer books are closed or at any time if the depositary or we determine that it is necessary or advisable to do so.

You have the right to cancel your ADSs and withdraw the underlying Class A Ordinary Shares at any time except:

The depositary shall not knowingly accept for deposit under the deposit agreement any Class A Ordinary Shares or other deposited securities required to be registered under the provisions of the Securities Act, unless a registration statement is in effect as to such Class A Ordinary Shares.

This right of withdrawal may not be limited by any other provision of the deposit agreement.

In the deposit agreement, all parties to the deposit agreement acknowledge that the DRS and Profile Modification System, or Profile, will apply to uncertificated ADSs upon acceptance thereof to DRS by DTC. DRS is the system administered by DTC pursuant to which the depositary may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership shall be evidenced by periodic statements issued by the depositary to the ADS holders entitled thereto. Profile is a required feature of DRS which allows a DTC participant, claiming to act on behalf of an ADS holder, to direct the depositary to register a transfer of those ADSs to DTC or its nominee and to deliver those ADSs to the DTC account of that DTC participant without receipt by the depositary of prior authorization from the ADS holder to register such transfer.

As used in this prospectus, the term “debt securities” means the debentures, notes, bonds and other evidences of indebtedness that we may issue from time to time. The debt securities will either be senior debt securities, senior subordinated debt or subordinated debt securities. We may also issue convertible debt securities. Debt securities issued under an indenture (which we refer to herein as an Indenture) will be entered into between us and a trustee to be named therein. It is likely that convertible debt securities will not be issued under an Indenture.

The Indenture or forms of Indentures, if any, will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

As you read this section, please remember that for each series of debt securities, the specific terms of your debt security as described in the applicable prospectus supplement will supplement and, if applicable, may modify or replace the general terms described in the summary below. The statement we make in this section may not apply to your debt security.

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events of default under the indentures with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:

We covenant in the Form of Indenture to deliver a certificate to the trustee annually, within certain days after the close of the fiscal year, to show that we are in compliance with the terms of the indenture and that we have not defaulted under the indenture.

Nonetheless, if we issue debt securities, the terms of the debt securities and the final form of indenture will be provided in a prospectus supplement. Please refer to the prospectus supplement and the form of indenture attached thereto for the terms and conditions of the offered debt securities. The terms and conditions may or may not include whether or not we must furnish periodic evidence showing that an event of default does not exist or that we are in compliance with the terms of the indenture.

The statements and descriptions in this prospectus or in any prospectus supplement regarding provisions of the Indentures and debt securities are summaries thereof, do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the Indentures (and any amendments or supplements we may enter into from time to time which are permitted under each Indenture) and the debt securities, including the definitions therein of certain terms.

Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement, the debt securities will be direct secured or unsecured obligations of our company. The senior debt securities will rank equally with any of our other unsecured senior and unsubordinated debt. The subordinated debt securities will be subordinate and junior in right of payment to any senior indebtedness.

We may issue debt securities from time to time in one or more series, in each case with the same or various maturities, at par or at a discount. Unless indicated in a prospectus supplement, we may issue additional debt securities of a particular series without the consent of the holders of the debt securities of such series outstanding at the time of the issuance. Any such additional debt securities, together with all other outstanding debt securities of that series, will constitute a single series of debt securities under the applicable Indenture and will be equal in ranking.

Should an indenture relate to unsecured indebtedness, in the event of a bankruptcy or other liquidation event involving a distribution of assets to satisfy our outstanding indebtedness or an event of default under a loan agreement relating to secured indebtedness of our company or its subsidiaries, the holders of such secured indebtedness, if any, would be entitled to receive payment of principal and interest prior to payments on the senior indebtedness issued under an Indenture.

The 2022 August Debentures was issued on August 9, 2022 in the principal amount of $3,500,000 and mature on August 9, 2025, and may be redeemed by us prior to maturity as described below. The 2022 August Debentures accrue interest at 8% per annum payable quarterly in cash or, in lieu of cash payment, at 12.0% in our ADSs, subject to adjustment and certain customary equity conditions. If interest is paid in our ADSs, the interest conversion rate will be 90% of the lesser of the then conversion price and the average of the five daily volume weighted average prices (“2022 August Debentures VWAP”) of our ordinary shares immediately prior to the applicable interest payment date. The 2022 December Debentures are convertible at to the lesser of (i) $1.25 or (ii) 85% of the lowest daily VWAP in the last fifteen (15) Trading Days immediately prior to conversion at any time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, from the Initial Issue Date until the 183-day anniversary of the Initial Issue Date, the Conversion Price shall not be less than $0.75 (as adjusted for reverse and forward stock splits, recapitalizations and similar transactions following the date hereof) (the “Floor Price Period”). The Floor Price Period is subject to renewal or extension upon mutual agreement.

The 2022 August Debentures are subject to a “conversion blocker” such that the each of the holders of our 2022 August Debentures cannot convert the 2022 August Debentures to the extent that the conversion would result in the holder and its affiliates holding more than 4.99% of the outstanding ordinary shares (which the holder can increase to 9.99% upon at least 61 days prior written notice to us).

In addition the consent of a majority of the then outstanding 2022 August Debenture holders will be required before we can (i) enter into, create, incur, assume, guarantee or suffer to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money of any kind, including, but not limited to, a guarantee, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom; (ii) other than permitted liens, enter into, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any liens of any kind, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom; (iii) amend, alter, or repeal any provision of our charter documents, including, without limitation, certificate of incorporation or bylaws, in a manner adverse to the 2022 August Debenture; (iv) repay, repurchase or offer to repay, repurchase or otherwise acquire more than a de minimis number of ADSs, ordinary shares or ordinary shares equivalents other than as to certain warrant and repurchase; (v) repay, repurchase or offer to repay, repurchase or otherwise acquire any indebtedness, other than the 2022 August Debenture if on a pro-rata basis, other than regularly scheduled principal and interest payments as such terms are in effect as of the original issue date of the 2022 August Debenture, provided that such payments shall not be permitted if, at such time, or after giving effect to such payment, any event of default exist or occur; (vi) pay cash dividends or distributions on any equity securities of the Company; (vii) enter into any transaction with any affiliate of the Company which would be required to be disclosed in any public filing with the SEC, unless such transaction is made on an arm’s-length basis and expressly approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company (even if less than a quorum otherwise required for board approval); (viii) as to our subsidiaries other than Lion Wealth Limited, Lion Foreign Exchange Limited, and Lion Wealth Management Limited, grant any party other than the selling stockholder a security interest in the assets of such subsidiaries; or (ix) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the above foregoing.

The 2022 December Debentures was issued on December 7, 2022 in the principal amount $3,000,000, on December 7, 2025, and may be redeemed by us prior to maturity as described below. The 2022 August Debentures accrue interest at 8% per annum payable quarterly in cash or, in lieu of cash payment, at 12.0% in our ADSs, subject to adjustment and certain customary equity conditions. If interest is paid in our ADSs, the interest conversion rate will be 90% of the lesser of the then conversion price and the average of the five daily volume weighted average prices (“2022 December Debentures VWAP”) of our ordinary shares immediately prior to the applicable interest payment date. The 2022 December Debentures are convertible at to the lesser of (i) $1.25 or (ii) 85% of the lowest daily VWAP in the last fifteen (15) Trading Days immediately prior to conversion at any time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, from the Initial Issue Date until the 183-day anniversary of the Initial Issue Date, the Conversion Price shall not be less than $0.75 (as adjusted for reverse and forward stock splits, recapitalizations and similar transactions following the date hereof) (the “Floor Price Period”). The Floor Price Period is subject to renewal or extension upon mutual agreement.

The 2022 December Debentures are subject to a “conversion blocker” such that the each of the holders of our 2022 December Debentures cannot convert the 2022 December Debentures to the extent that the conversion would result in the holder and its affiliates holding more than 4.99% of the outstanding ordinary shares (which the holder can increase to 9.99% upon at least 61 days prior written notice to us).

In addition the consent of a majority of the then outstanding 2022 December Debenture holders will be required before we can (i) enter into, create, incur, assume, guarantee or suffer to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money of any kind, including, but not limited to, a guarantee, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom; (ii) other than permitted liens, enter into, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any liens of any kind, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom; (iii) amend, alter, or repeal any provision of our charter documents, including, without limitation, certificate of incorporation or bylaws, in a manner adverse to the 2022 December Debenture; (iv) repay, repurchase or offer to repay, repurchase or otherwise acquire more than a de minimis number of ADSs, ordinary shares or ordinary shares equivalents other than as to certain warrant and repurchase; (v) repay, repurchase or offer to repay, repurchase or otherwise acquire any indebtedness, other than the 2022 August Debenture if on a pro-rata basis, other than regularly scheduled principal and interest payments as such terms are in effect as of the original issue date of the 2022 December Debenture, provided that such payments shall not be permitted if, at such time, or after giving effect to such payment, any event of default exist or occur; (vi) pay cash dividends or distributions on any equity securities of the Company; (vii) enter into any transaction with any affiliate of the Company which would be required to be disclosed in any public filing with the SEC, unless such transaction is made on an arm’s-length basis and expressly approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company (even if less than a quorum otherwise required for board approval); (viii) as to our subsidiaries other than Lion Wealth Limited, Lion Foreign Exchange Limited, and Lion Wealth Management Limited, grant any party other than the selling stockholder a security interest in the assets of such subsidiaries; or (ix) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the above foregoing.

Each prospectus supplement will describe the terms relating to the specific series of debt securities being offered. These terms will include some or all of the following:

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not be listed on any securities exchange. Holders of the debt securities may present registered debt securities for exchange or transfer in the manner described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Except as limited by the applicable Indenture, we will provide these services without charge, other than any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection with the exchange or transfer.

Debt securities may bear interest at a fixed rate or a variable rate as specified in the prospectus supplement. In addition, if specified in the prospectus supplement, we may sell debt securities bearing no interest or interest at a rate that at the time of issuance is below the prevailing market rate, or at a discount below their stated principal amount. We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement any special federal income tax considerations applicable to these discounted debt securities.

We may issue debt securities with the principal amount payable on any principal payment date, or the amount of interest payable on any interest payment date, to be determined by referring to one or more currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity indices or other factors. Holders of such debt securities may receive a principal amount on any principal payment date, or interest payments on any interest payment date, that are greater or less than the amount of principal or interest otherwise payable on such dates, depending upon the value on such dates of applicable currency, commodity, equity index or other factors. The applicable prospectus supplement will contain information as to how we will determine the amount of principal or interest payable on any date, as well as the currencies, commodities, equity indices or other factors to which the amount payable on that date relates and certain additional tax considerations.

We may issue warrants to purchase our ADSs or preferred shares. Warrants may be issued independently or together with any other securities that may be sold by us pursuant to this prospectus or any combination of the foregoing and may be attached to, or separate from, such securities. To the extent warrants that we issue are to be publicly-traded, each series of such warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a warrant agent. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe in particular the terms of any series of warrants that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement and any applicable free writing prospectus. The terms of any warrants offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below.

We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from another report that we file with the SEC, the form of the warrant and/or warrant agreement, if any, which may include a form of warrant certificate, as applicable that describes the terms of the particular series of warrants we may offer before the issuance of the related series of warrants. We may issue the warrants under a warrant agreement that we will enter into with a warrant agent to be selected by us. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any registered holders of warrants or beneficial owners of warrants. The following summary of material provisions of the warrants and warrant agreements is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the form of warrant and/or warrant agreement and warrant certificate applicable to a particular series of warrants. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as the complete form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that contain the terms of the warrants.

The particular terms of any issue of warrants will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to the issue. Those terms may include:

Each warrant will entitle the holder of warrants to purchase the number of ADSs or preferred shares of the relevant class or series at the exercise price stated or determinable in the prospectus supplement for the warrants. Warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date shown in the applicable prospectus supplement, unless otherwise specified in such prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, if applicable, unexercised warrants will become void. Warrants may be exercised in the manner described in the applicable prospectus supplement. When the warrant holder makes the payment and properly completes and signs the warrant certificate at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent, if any, or any other office indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as possible, forward the securities or other rights that the warrant holder has purchased. If the warrant holder exercises less than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate, we will issue a new warrant certificate for the remaining warrants. If we so indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may surrender securities as all or part of the exercise price for warrants.

Prior to the exercise of any warrants to purchase ADSs or preferred shares of the relevant class or series, holders of the warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of ADSs or preferred shares purchasable upon exercise, including the right to vote or to receive any payments of dividends or payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up on the ADSs or preferred shares purchasable upon exercise, if any.

Each warrant represents the right to purchase one Class A Ordinary Share in the form of ADSs at a price of $11.50 per share or $11.50 per ADS, subject to adjustment as discussed below. However, no warrants will be exercisable for cash unless we have an effective and current registration statement covering the Class A Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating to such Class A Ordinary Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the shares issuable upon exercise of such warrants is not effective within a specified period following the Closing, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when we shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis in the same manner as if we called the warrants for redemption and required all holders to exercise their warrants on a “cashless basis.” In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the warrants for that number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” for this purpose will mean the average reported last sale price of the Class A Ordinary Shares traded in the form of ADSs for the ten (10) trading days ending on the trading day prior to the date of exercise. Our warrants will become exercisable thirty (30) days after the Closing and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the Closing.

Our warrants issued in exchange for Private Warrants are identical to warrants issued in exchange for the Public Warrants, except that such Private Warrants will be exercisable for cash (even if a registration statement covering the Class A Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of such warrants is not effective) or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, and will not be redeemable by us, in each case so long as they are still held by the initial purchasers or their affiliates.

We may call the warrants for redemption (excluding the Private Warrants), in whole and not in part, at a price of $0.01 per warrant,

The right to exercise will be forfeited unless the warrants are exercised prior to the date specified in the notice of redemption. On and after the redemption date, a record holder of a warrant will have no further rights except to receive the redemption price for such holder’s warrant upon surrender of such warrant.

The redemption criteria for our warrants have been established at a price which is intended to provide warrant holders a reasonable premium to the initial exercise price and provide a sufficient differential between the then-prevailing share price and the warrant exercise price so that if the share price declines as a result of our redemption call, the redemption will not cause the share price to drop below the exercise price of the warrants.

If we call the warrants for redemption as described above, our management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise warrants to do so on a “cashless basis.” In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the warrants for that number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Class A Ordinary Shares underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. In this case, the “fair market value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of the Class A Ordinary Shares traded in the form of ADSs for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of warrants. Whether we will exercise our option to require all holders to exercise their warrants on a “cashless basis” will depend on a variety of factors including the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares at the time the warrants are called for redemption, our cash needs at such time and concerns regarding dilutive stock issuances.

The exercise price and number of Class A Ordinary Shares issuable on exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a share dividend, extraordinary dividend or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of Class A Ordinary Shares at a price below their respective exercise prices.

The warrants may be exercised upon surrender of the warrant certificate on or prior to the expiration date at the offices of the warrant agent, with the exercise form on the reverse side of the warrant certificate completed and executed as indicated, accompanied by full payment of the exercise price, by certified or official bank check payable to us, for the number of warrants being exercised. The warrant holders do not have the rights or privileges of holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and any voting rights until they exercise their warrants and receive Class A Ordinary Shares. After the issuance of Class A Ordinary Shares upon exercise of the warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by shareholders.

Warrant holders may elect to be subject to a restriction on the exercise of their warrants such that an electing warrant holder would not be able to exercise their warrants to the extent that, after giving effect to such exercise, such holder would beneficially own in excess of 4.9% or 9.8% (or such other amount specified by the holder) of the Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding.

No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants. If, upon exercise of the warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we will, upon exercise, round up or down to the nearest whole number the number of Class A Ordinary Shares to be issued to the warrant holder.

Each warrant represents the right to purchase one Class A Ordinary Share in the form of ADSs at a price of $1.75 per share or $1.75 per ADS, subject to adjustment as discussed below. The warrants will be exercisable for cash only if a registration statement registering the Warrant ADSs is not effective at the time of exercise.

The exercise price and number of Class A Ordinary Shares issuable on exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a share dividend, extraordinary dividend or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. Further, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted if we issue Class A Ordinary Shares at a price below the exercise price of the warrants to be the same as such issuance price.

Warrant holders are not be able to exercise their warrants to the extent that, after giving effect to such exercise, such holder would beneficially own in excess of 9.9% of the our total issued and outstanding common stock or voting shares.

No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants. If, upon exercise of the warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we may, at our option(i) pay an amount in cash equal to the exercise price multiplied by such fraction or (ii) round the number of ADSs issuable, up to the next whole number.

Three series of the 2021 February Warrants are exercisable for, in the aggregate, the holder to subscribe for and purchase up to 38,800,000 ADSs. The Series D Warrant is exercisable until on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on February 18, 2030, at an exercise price of $2.50 per ADS. The Series E Warrant is exercisable until on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on February 18, 2027, at an exercise price of $2.00 per ADS. The Series F Warrant is exercisable until on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on February 18, 2030, at an exercise price of $2.50 per ADS.

The 2021 February Warrants include an adjustment provision in the event of a declaration of share dividends, shares subdivision, and reclassification of ordinary shares or ADSs that reduces to exercise price of such warrants to the market price on the sixteenth (16^th) trading day following such event. Additionally, if we issue ordinary shares or ordinary share equivalents for an effective price less than the exercise price, subject to adjustment, then the exercise price shall be adjusted to such lower price and the number of ADSs issuable upon exercise of the 2021 February Warrants shall be adjusted proportionally to maintain the aggregate exercise price of the 2021 February Warrants.

The 2021 February Warrants are subject to a “conversion blocker” such that the each of the holders of our 2021 February Warrants cannot convert the 2021 February Warrants to the extent that the conversion would result in the holder and its affiliates holding more than 4.99% of the outstanding common stock (which the holder can increase to 9.99% upon at least 61 days prior written notice to us).

The warrant holders do not have the rights or privileges of holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and any voting rights until they exercise their warrants and receive Class A Ordinary Shares. After the issuance of Class A Ordinary Shares upon exercise of the warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by shareholders.

No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants. If, upon exercise of the warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we may, at our option (i) pay an amount in cash equal to the exercise price multiplied by such fraction or (ii) round the number of ADSs issuable, up to the next whole number.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the ADSs issuable upon exercise of such warrants is not effective 120 days following February 18, 2021, and prior to the respective expiration date of the 2021 February Warrants, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when we shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis in the same manner as if we called the warrants for redemption and required all holders to exercise their warrants on a “cashless basis.”

Series G Warrants are exercisable for the holder to subscribe for and purchase up to 2,285,715 ADSs. The Series D Warrant is exercisable until on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on December 13, 2030, at an exercise price of $2.50 per ADS.

Series G Warrants include an adjustment provision in the event of a declaration of share dividends, shares subdivision, and reclassification of ordinary shares or ADSs that reduces to exercise price of such warrants to the market price on the sixteenth (16^th) trading day following such event. Additionally, if we issue ordinary shares or ordinary share equivalents for an effective price less than the exercise price, subject to adjustment, then the exercise price shall be adjusted to such lower price and the number of ADSs issuable upon exercise of the Series G Warrants shall be adjusted proportionally to maintain the aggregate exercise price of the Series G Warrants.

The Series G Warrants are subject to a “conversion blocker” such that the each of the holders of our Series G Warrants cannot convert the 2021 February Warrants to the extent that the conversion would result in the holder and its affiliates holding more than 4.99% of the outstanding common stock (which the holder can increase to 9.99% upon at least 61 days prior written notice to us).

No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants. If, upon exercise of the warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we may, at our option (i) pay an amount in cash equal to the exercise price multiplied by such fraction or (ii) round the number of ADSs issuable, up to the next whole number.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the ADSs issuable upon exercise of such warrants is not effective 120 days following December 13, 2021, and prior to the respective expiration date of the Series G Warrants, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when we shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis in the same manner as if we called the warrants for redemption and required all holders to exercise their warrants on a “cashless basis.”

We may issue rights to purchase our securities. The rights may or may not be transferable by the persons purchasing or receiving the rights. In connection with any rights offering, we may enter into a standby underwriting or other arrangement with one or more underwriters or other persons pursuant to which such underwriters or other persons would purchase any offered securities remaining unsubscribed for after such rights offering. Each series of rights will be issued under a separate rights agent agreement to be entered into between us and one or more banks, trust companies or other financial institutions, as rights agent, that we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement. The rights agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the rights and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of rights certificates or beneficial owners of rights.

The prospectus supplement relating to any rights that we offer will include specific terms relating to the offering, including, among other matters:

Each right would entitle the holder of the rights to purchase for cash the principal amount of securities at the exercise price set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Rights may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date for the rights provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, all unexercised rights will become void.

If less than all of the rights issued in any rights offering are exercised, we may offer any unsubscribed securities directly to persons other than our security holders, to or through agents, underwriters or dealers or through a combination of such methods, including pursuant to standby arrangements, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplement, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the units that we may offer under this prospectus. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any units that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of units in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus. The terms of any units offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. However, no prospectus supplement will fundamentally change the terms that are set forth in this prospectus or offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of its effectiveness.

We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from another report we file with the SEC, the form of unit agreement that describes the terms of the series of units we may offer under this prospectus, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of the related series of units. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of the units are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the unit agreement and any supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as the complete unit agreement and any supplemental agreements that contain the terms of the units.

We may issue units consisting of any combination of the other types of securities offered under this prospectus in one or more series. We may evidence each series of units by unit certificates that we may issue under a separate agreement. We may enter into unit agreements with a unit agent. Each unit agent, if any, may be a bank or trust company that we select. We will indicate the name and address of the unit agent, if any, in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of units. Specific unit agreements, if any, will contain additional important terms and provisions. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from a current report that we file with the SEC, the form of unit and the form of each unit agreement, if any, relating to units offered under this prospectus.

If we offer any units, certain terms of that series of units will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement, including, without limitation, the following, as applicable

The provisions described in this section, as well as those described under “Description of Share Capital - Ordinary Shares and Preferred Shares” and “Description of Warrants” will apply to each unit and to any Ordinary Shares, preferred shares or warrant included in each unit, respectively.

We may issue units in such amounts and in numerous distinct series as we determine.

Certain income tax considerations relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of any of the securities offered by this prospectus will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to the offering of those securities.

Selling shareholders (if any) to be named in a prospectus supplement may, from time to time, offer, sell and lend some or all of the ordinary shares or ADSs held by them pursuant to this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement. Such selling shareholders (if any) may sell the ordinary shares or ADSs held by them to or through underwriters, dealers or agents or directly to purchasers or as otherwise set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. See “Plan of Distribution.” Such selling shareholders (if any) may also sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of some or all of the ordinary shares or ADSs held by them in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.

If any selling shareholder is to offer and sell ordinary shares or ADSs pursuant to this prospectus, we will provide you with a prospectus supplement, which will set forth the name of each selling shareholder (if any), the number of ordinary shares beneficially owned by such selling shareholder and the number of the ordinary shares or ADSs they are offering. The prospectus supplement also will disclose whether any of the selling shareholders (if any) have held any position or office with, have been employed by or otherwise have had a material relationship with us during the three years prior to the date of the prospectus supplement.

We and/or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement may sell the securities described in this prospectus from time to time in one or more transactions, including without limitation:

In addition, we may enter into derivative or hedging transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. In connection with such a transaction, the third parties may sell securities covered by and pursuant to this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement. If so, the third party may use securities borrowed from us or others to settle such sales and may use securities received from us to close out any related short positions. We may also loan or pledge securities covered by this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement to third parties, who may sell the loaned securities or, in an event of default in the case of a pledge, sell the pledged securities pursuant to this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement.

We may issue the securities as a dividend or distribution or in a subscription rights offering to our existing security holders. In some cases, we or dealers acting for us or on our behalf may also repurchase securities and reoffer them to the public by one or more of the methods described above. This prospectus may be used in connection with any offering of our securities through any of these methods or other methods described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

We and/or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement may sell the securities offered by this prospectus at:

We and/or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement may solicit offers to purchase the securities directly from the public from time to time. We and/or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement may also designate agents from time to time to solicit offers to purchase securities from the public on our or their behalf. The prospectus supplement relating to any particular offering of securities will name any agents designated to solicit offers, and will include information about any commissions to be paid to the agents, in that offering. Agents may be deemed to be “underwriters” as that term is defined in the Securities Act From time to time, we or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement may sell securities to one or more dealers as principals. The dealers, who may be deemed to be “underwriters” as that term is defined in the Securities Act, may then resell those securities to the public. We and/or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement may sell securities from time to time to one or more underwriters, who would purchase the securities as principal for resale to the public, either on a firm-commitment or best-efforts basis. If we and/or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement sell securities to underwriters, we and/or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement will execute an underwriting agreement with them at the time of sale and will name them in the applicable prospectus supplement. In connection with those sales, underwriters may be deemed to have received compensation from us and/or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions and may also receive commissions from purchasers of the securities for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters may resell the securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from purchasers for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters, dealers, agents and other persons may be entitled, under agreements that they may enter into with us and/or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement, to indemnification by us and/or the selling shareholders named in the applicable prospectus supplement against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution with respect to payments which they may be required to make.

The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including the following:

If we offer securities in a subscription rights offering to our existing security holders, we may enter into a standby underwriting agreement with dealers, acting as standby underwriters. We may pay the standby underwriters a commitment fee for the securities they commit to purchase on a standby basis. If we do not enter into a standby underwriting arrangement, we may retain a dealer-manager to manage a subscription rights offering for us.

We may pay expenses incurred with respect to the registration of shares owned by any selling shareholders.

The underwriters, dealers and agents, as well as their associates, may be customers of or lenders to, and may engage in transactions with and perform services for, Lion Group Holding Ltd. and its subsidiaries. In addition, we may offer securities to or through our affiliates, as underwriters, dealers or agents. Our affiliates may also offer the securities in other markets through one or more selling agents, including one another. If so indicated in an applicable prospectus supplement, we will authorize dealers or other persons acting as our agent to solicit offers by some institutions to purchase securities from us pursuant to contracts providing for payment and delivery on a future date. Institutions with which these contracts may be made include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and others.

In order to facilitate the offering of the securities, any underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities or any other securities the prices of which may be used to determine payments on such securities. Specifically, any underwriters may over allot in connection with the offering, creating a short position for their own accounts. In addition, to cover overallotments or to stabilize the price of the securities or of any such other securities, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, the securities or any such other securities in the open market. Finally, in any offering of the securities through a syndicate of underwriters, the underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer for distributing the securities in the offering if the syndicate repurchases previously distributed securities in transactions to cover syndicate short positions, in stabilization transactions or otherwise. Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities above independent market levels. Any such underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and may end any of these activities at any time.

The legality under Cayman law of the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon by Ogier. Certain federal securities law matters will be passed upon for us by Loeb & Loeb LLP, New York.

The consolidated financial statements of Lion Group Holding Ltd. as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021 appearing in this prospectus and registration statement have been audited by UHY LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their reports appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firm as an expert in accounting and auditing.

We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, and in accordance with the Exchange Act, we file annual reports and other information with the SEC. Information we file with the SEC can be obtained over the internet on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

This prospectus is part of a registration statement we have filed with the SEC. This prospectus omits some information contained in the registration statement in accordance with SEC rules and regulations. You should review the information and exhibits in the registration statement for further information on us and the securities being offered. Statements in this prospectus concerning any document that we filed as an exhibit to the registration statement or that we otherwise filed with the SEC are not intended to be comprehensive and are qualified by reference to these filings. You should review the complete document to evaluate these statements.

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” the information we file with them. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. Each document incorporated by reference is current only as of the date of such document, and the incorporation by reference of such documents shall not create any implication that there has been no change in our affairs since the date thereof or that the information contained therein is current as of any time subsequent to its date. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus and should be read with the same care. When we update the information contained in documents that have been incorporated by reference by making future filings with the SEC, the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus is considered to be automatically updated and superseded. In other words, in the case of a conflict or inconsistency between information contained in this prospectus and information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, you should rely on the information contained in the document that was filed later.

Copies of all documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, other than exhibits to those documents unless such exhibits are specially incorporated by reference in this prospectus, will be provided at no cost to each person, including any beneficial owner, who receives a copy of this prospectus on the written or oral request of that person made to:

You should rely only on the information that we incorporate by reference or provide in this prospectus or in any applicable prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. We are not making any offer of these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of those documents.

Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime.

Our Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association provides that we shall indemnify our officers and directors against all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages or liabilities incurred or sustained by such directors or officer, other than by reason of such person’s dishonesty, willful default or fraud as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction, in or about the conduct of our company’s business or affairs (including as a result of any mistake of judgment) or in the execution or discharge of his duties, powers, authorities or discretions, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any costs, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by such director or officer in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil proceedings concerning our company or its affairs in any court whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere.

Pursuant to the form of indemnification agreements filed as Exhibit 10.14 to this registration statement, we agreed to indemnify our directors and executive officers against certain liabilities and expenses that they incur in connection with claims made by reason of their being a director or officer of our company.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Singapore, on January 20, 2023.

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints, severally and not jointly, each of Chunning Wang and Sze Hau Lee, with full power to act alone, as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with the power of substitution, for such person and in such person’s name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement and any and all related registration statements pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on January 20, 2023.

Pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative in the United States of Lion Group Holding Ltd. has signed this registration statement or amendment thereto in New York on January 20, 2023.

Cayman Islands		Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS		ii

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		vi

OUR COMPANY		1

RISK FACTORS		12

OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE		21

USE OF PROCEEDS		22

DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL		23

DESCRIPTION OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES		25

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES		36

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS		42

DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS		47

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS		48

TAXATION		48

SELLING SHAREHOLDERS		49

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION		50

LEGAL MATTERS		52

EXPERTS		52

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION		52

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE		53

Service		Fees
To any person to which ADSs are issued or to any person to which a distribution is made in respect of ADS distributions pursuant to stock dividends or other free distributions of stock, bonus distributions, stock splits or other distributions (except where converted to cash)		Up to US$0.05 per ADS issued

Cancellation of ADSs, including the case of termination of the deposit agreement		Up to US$0.05 per ADS cancelled

Distribution of cash dividends		Up to US$0.05 per ADS held

Distribution of cash entitlements (other than cash dividends) and/or cash proceeds from the sale of rights, securities and other entitlements		Up to US$0.05 per ADS held

Distribution of ADSs pursuant to exercise of rights.		Up to US$0.05 per ADS held

Distribution of securities other than ADSs or rights to purchase additional ADSs		Up to US$0.05 per ADS held

Depositary services		Up to US$0.05 per ADS held on the applicable record date(s) established by the depositary bank

If we:		Then:
Change the nominal or par value of our Class A Ordinary Shares		The cash, shares or other securities received by the depositary will become deposited securities.

Reclassify, split up or consolidate any of the deposited securities		Each ADS will automatically represent its equal share of the new deposited securities.

Distribute securities on the Class A Ordinary Shares that are not distributed to you, or Recapitalize, reorganize, merge, liquidate, sell all or substantially all of our assets, or take any similar action		The depositary may distribute some or all of the cash, shares or other securities it received. It may also deliver new ADSs or ask you to surrender your outstanding ADRs in exchange for new ADRs identifying the new deposited securities.

Exhibit No.		Description
2.1		First Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement, dated as of May 12, 2020, by and among Proficient Alpha Acquisition Corp., Shih-Chung Chou, in the capacity as the purchaser representative, Lion Group Holding Ltd., Lion MergerCo I, Inc., Lion Financial Group Limited, Wang Jian and Legend Success Ventures Limited, in the capacity as the Seller Representatives and the stockholders of Lion Financial Group Limited named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Registrant's Amendment No. 2 to F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on May 18, 2020)
3.1		Amended and Restated Memorandum of Articles of Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 of the Registrant’s 20FR12B (File No. 001-39301), filed with the SEC on June 22, 2020)
3.2		Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s 6-K, filed with the SEC on February 16, 2022)
3.3		Third Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s 6-K, filed with the SEC on January 19, 2023)
4.1		Specimen Ordinary Share Certificate of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 of the Registrant’s Amendment No. 1 to Form F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on April 24, 2020)
4.2		Specimen Warrant Certificate of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 of the Registrant’s Amendment No. 1 to Form F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on April 24, 2020)
4.3		Form of Deposit Agreement, by and among Lion Group Holding Ltd., Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as depositary, and all holders and beneficial owners from time to time of ADSs issued thereunder (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a) of the Registrant’s Registration on Form F-6 (File No. 238516) filed with the SEC on May 20, 2020)
4.4		Amendment to Warrant Agreement, dated June 16, 2020, by and among the Lion Group Holding Ltd., Proficient and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.5 of the Registrant’s 20FR12B (File No. 001-39301), filed with the SEC on June 22, 2020)
4.5		Form of Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series A Convertible Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed with the SEC on February 16, 2021)
4.6*		Form of Debt Security
4.7*		Form of Warrant Agreement and Warrant Certificate
4.8*		Form of Unit Agreement and Unit Certificate
4.9		Form of indenture with respect to senior debt securities, to be entered into between registrant and a trustee acceptable to the registrant, if any
4.10		Form of indenture with respect to subordinated debt securities, to be entered into between registrant and a trustee acceptable to the registrant, if any
5.1*		Opinion of Ogier
10.1		Amended and Restated Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 19, 2020, by and among Lion Group Holding Ltd., Greentree Financial Group, Inc. and such other parties identified in the Schedule I therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Registrant’s Amendment No. 1 to Form F-1 (File No. 249185), filed with the SEC on October 19, 2020)

	●	directly to one or more purchasers in negotiated sales or competitively bid transactions; or

Exhibit No.		Description
10.2		Lock-Up Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2020, by and among Lion Group Holding Ltd., Shih-Chung Chou, in the capacity as the purchaser representative, and Jian Wang (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Proficient’s Form 8-K (File No. 001-38925), filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020)
10.3		Lock-Up Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2020, by and among Lion Group Holding Ltd., Shih-Chung Chou, in the capacity as the purchaser representative, and Legend Success Ventures Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Proficient’s Form 8-K (File No. 001-38925), filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020)
10.4		Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2020, by and among Lion Group Holding Ltd., Proficient Alpha Acquisition Corp., Lion Financial Group Limited and Chunning Wang (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Proficient’s Form 8-K (File No. 001-38925), filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020)
10.5		Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2020, by and among Lion Group Holding Ltd., Proficient Alpha Acquisition Corp., Lion Financial Group Limited and Chunning Wang (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Proficient’s Form 8-K (File No. 001-38925), filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020)
10.6		Form of Seller Registration Rights Agreement, by and among, Lion Group Holding Ltd. and the Sellers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of Proficient’s Form 8-K (File No. 001-38925), filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020)
10.7		Form of First Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement, by and among, Proficient Alpha Acquisition Corp., Lion Group Holding Ltd., I-Bankers Securities, Inc. and the Founders (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of Proficient’ Form 8-K (File No. 001-38925), filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020)
10.8		Terms of Business for Exchange Traded Futures and Options Business, dated as of October 10, 2018, by and between Lion Brokers Limited and G. H. Financials (Hong Kong) Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 of Registrant’s Form F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on March 23, 2020)
10.9		Terms of Business for Exchange Traded Futures and Options Business, dated as of October 10, 2018, by and between Lion Brokers Limited and G. H. Financials (Hong Kong) Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 of Registrant’s Form F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on March 23, 2020)
10.10		Service Agreement, dated as of November 1, 2019, by and between Lion Futures Limited and Esunny International (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 of Registrant’s Form F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on March 23, 2020)
10.11		Software License Agreement, dated as of June 14, 2017, by and between Lion International Securities Group Limited and eBroker Systems (HK) Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 of Registrant’s Form F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on March 23, 2020)
10.12		Contract for Purchase of Trading System and Services, dated as of April 22, 2019, by and between Lion Brokers Limited and Hangzhou Lanlian Technology Co., Ltd (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 of Registrant’s Form F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on March 23, 2020)
10.13		Form of Employment Agreement between the Registrant and each executive officer of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 of Registrant’s Amendment No. 2 to Form F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on May 18, 2020)
10.14		Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and each of the directors and executive officers of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 of Registrant’s Amendment No. 2 to Form F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on May 18, 2020)
10.15		Registrant’s 2020 Share Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 of Registrant’s Amendment No. 1 to Form F-4 (File No. 237336), filed with the SEC on April 24, 2020)
10.16		Tenancy Agreement by and between Top Power Development Limited and BC Wealth Management Limited, dated November 12, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 of Registrant’s Form F-1 filed on November 18, 2020)

Exhibit No.		Description
10.17		Securities Purchase Agreement dated December 11, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 16, 2020)
10.18		Form of 9% Senior Secured Convertible Debenture dated December 14, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 16, 2020)
10.19		Form of Series A American Depositary Shares Purchase Warrant dated December 14, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 16, 2020)
10.20		Form of Series B American Depositary Shares Purchase Warrant dated December 14, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 16, 2020)
10.21		Form of Series C American Depositary Shares Purchase Warrant dated December 14, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 16, 2020)*
10.22		Form of Security Agreement dated December 14, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 16, 2020)
10.23		Form of Subsidiary Guarantee dated December 14, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 16, 2020)
10.24		Form of Registration Rights Agreement dated December 11, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 16, 2020)
10.25		Securities Purchase Agreement dated February 15, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on February 16, 2021)
10.26		Form of Series D/E/F American Depositary Shares Purchase Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on February 16, 2021)
10.27		Form of Registration Rights Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on February 16, 2021)
10.28		Securities Purchase Agreement dated December 13, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 13, 2021)
10.29		Form of Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series B Convertible Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 13, 2021)
10.30		Form of Series G American Depositary Shares Purchase Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 13, 2021)
10.31		Form of Registration Rights Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Registrant’s Form F-6-K filed on December 13, 2021)
21.1		Registrant’s List of Significant Subsidiaries (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 8.1 of Registrant’s Form 20-F (File No. 001-39301), filed with the SEC on March 31, 2021)
23.1		Consent of UHY LLP
23.2*		Consent of Ogier (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.3		Consent of Junhe LLP
99.1		Powers of Attorney (included in the signature page hereto)
107		Calculation of Filing Fee Tables

	Lion Group Holding Ltd.

	By:	/s/ Chunning Wang
		Name: Chunning Wang
		Title: Chief Executive Officer

Signature		Title

/s/ Jian Wang		Chairman of the Board
Name: Jian Wang

/s/ Chunning Wang		Director and Chief Executive Officer
Name: Chunning Wang		(principal executive officer)

/s/ Sze Hau Lee		Chief Financial Officer
Name: Sze Hau Lee		(principal financial and accounting officer)

/s/ Yan Zhang		Director and President
Name: Yan Zhang

/s/ Hua Luo		Director and Chief Operating Officer
Name: Hua Luo

/s/ Zhixiang Zhang		Director
Name: Zhixiang Zhang

/s/ Chi Fai Choi		Director
Name: Chi Fai Choi

/s/ Rahul Mewawalla		Director
Name: Rahul Mewawalla

/s/ Chi-yang Cheng		Director
Name: Chi-yang Chen

Authorized U.S. Representative

Cogency Global Inc.

By:	/s/ Colleen A. De Vries
	Name:	Colleen A. De Vries
	Title:	Senior Vice President on behalf of Cogency Global Inc.