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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Fair Value Measurements

The Company applies the provisions of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, which defines a single authoritative definition of fair value, sets out a framework for measuring fair value and expands on required disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of ASC 820 relate to financial assets and liabilities as well as other assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis. The standard clarifies that fair value is an exit price representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the standard establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

Level 1Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in active exchange markets, or interest in open-end mutual funds that allow a company to sell its ownership interest back at net asset value on a daily basis. Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets, liabilities, or funds.

Level 2Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in less active dealer, or broker markets, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities or quoted prices in markets that are not active. Level 2 instruments typically include U.S. Government and agency debt securities and corporate obligations. Valuations are usually obtained through market data of the investment itself as well as market transactions involving comparable assets, liabilities or funds.

Level 3Valuations for assets and liabilities that are derived from other valuation methodologies, such as option pricing models, discounted cash flow models or similar techniques, and not based on market exchange, dealer, or broker-traded transactions. Level 3 valuations incorporate certain assumptions and projections in determining the fair value assigned to such assets or liabilities.

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time based on relevant market information and information about the financial or nonfinancial asset or liability.

The Company has elected to apply the fair value option to certain notes payable with conversion features as discussed in Note 9, Notes Payable. Fair value measurements associated with the warrant liabilities, and notes payable represent Level 3 valuations under the fair value hierarchy.

Notes Payable at Fair Value

The Company has elected to measure certain notes payable at fair value issued under the Notes Purchase Agreement, as amended (“NPA”) as they contain embedded liquidation premiums with conversion rights that represent embedded derivatives (see Note 9, Notes Payable). The Company used a binomial lattice model to value the notes payable issued on June 9, 2021 and August 10, 2021 to a US-based investment firm. A binomial lattice model is widely used for valuing convertible notes. The significant assumptions used in the binomial lattice model include the risk-free rate, annual dividend yield, expected life, and volatility of the Company's stock.

The fair value adjustments related to warrant liabilities and notes payables were recorded in Change in Fair Value Measurements on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

Commitment to Issue Class A Common Stock

Upon the Closing of the Business Combination, the Company assumed an obligation of PSAC to deliver 2,387,500 registered shares of Class A Common Stock to an entity that provided consulting and advisory services in connection with the Business Combination to PSAC for no consideration. As of June 30, 2022, the Company’s registration statement covering these shares is not effective.

Prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06, the agreement with the service provider specified that the shares to be delivered are required to be registered, which is considered to be outside of the control of the Company, and therefore this obligation failed to qualify for equity treatment under ASC 815-40-25-10, and net cash settlement was assumed.

As a result, in conjunction with recording the assets and liabilities of PSAC on the Closing of the Business Combination, the Company recorded a liability of $32,900 for the Obligation to issue registered shares of Class A Common Stock in the Consolidated Balance Sheets during the year ended December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, the fair value of the liability was $12,635 resulting in a gain of $20,265 recorded in the Change in Fair value measurements in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2021.

On January 1, 2022, upon the adoption of ASU 2020-06, the requirement to consider whether settlement is required to be in registered shares is no longer required to be considered in an entity’s evaluation of net cash settlement, however ASC 480-10-S99-3a was not amended in a similar fashion and therefore the Company, as part of the adjustments due to the adoption of ASU 2020-06, reclassified the Obligation to issue registered shares of Class A Common Stock from liabilities to the Commitment to issue Class A Common Stock within temporary equity in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2022.

On July 21, 2022, the Company amended its agreement with the service provider to permit the delivery of 2,387,500 unregistered shares of Class A Common Stock in satisfaction of its obligation. The shares were issued on July 22, 2022.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Financial assets and financial liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following tables present financial assets and liabilities remeasured on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy:


	June 30, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	—	$	—	$	68,199
Private Warrants	—		—		316


	December 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	—	$	—	$	161,282
Private Warrants	—		—		642
Obligation to issue registered shares of Class A Common Stock	—		—		12,635

The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, including cash, restricted cash, deposits, and accounts payable approximate fair value because of their short-term nature or contractually defined value.

The following table summarizes the activity of Level 3 fair value measurements:


	Notes Payable at Fair Value		Private Warrants		Obligation to Issue Registered Shares
Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	161,282	$	642	$	12,635
Reclassification of obligation to issue registered shares of Class A Common Stock upon adoption of ASU 2020-06	—		—		(12,635)
Changes in fair value measurements	(6,018)		(326)		—
Cash payments	(87,065)		—		—
Balance as of June 30, 2022	$	68,199	$	316	$	—

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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