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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Principle of Consolidation
The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, and variable interest entities in which it holds a controlling financial interest. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s operations were primarily in the United States. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company had immaterial operations in the United Kingdom (“U.K.”) prior to the disposition of its U.K. subsidiary on August 1, 2023.
Reclassification
Beginning in fiscal year 2024, the amounts previously presented as revenue and cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss have been updated to present tangible product and services separately. Prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassification did not have any impact on total revenue, total cost of revenue, gross profit or net income.
Fiscal Year
The Company’s fiscal year ends on March 31. References to fiscal year 2024, 2023 and 2022 refer to the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period and the accompanying notes. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to the determination of standalone selling price for various performance obligations; the estimated expected benefit period for the rate and recognition pattern of breakage revenue for purchases where a saliva collection kit (“Kit”) is never returned for processing; the capitalization and estimated useful life of internal use software; the useful life of long-lived assets; fair value of intangible assets acquired in business combinations; the fair value of reporting units relative to the carrying amount of goodwill; the incremental borrowing rate for operating leases; the fair value of private warrants; stock-based compensation including the determination of the fair value of stock options, annual incentive bonuses payable in the form of restricted stock units (“RSUs”), as well as the fair value of the Company’s common stock prior to the Closing Date of the Merger; the assumptions used in going concern assessments; and the valuation of deferred tax assets and uncertain tax positions. The Company bases these estimates on historical and anticipated results, trends, and various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, including assumptions as to future events. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and such differences could be material to the consolidated financial statements.
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded an adjustment to revenue related to a change in estimate in connection with the collaboration agreement with GlaxoSmithKline plc (“GSK”). The change in estimate was driven by a change in the total project resources resulting in a reduction in the total estimated project hours, which impacted the measurement of progress of the arrangement using the input method. The adjustment increased revenue by $9.0 million, decreased net loss by $9.0 million and decreased the Company’s basic and diluted net loss per share by $0.02 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022.
The Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require revisions to estimates, updates to judgments, or adjustments to the carrying value of assets or liabilities. These estimates may change, as new events occur and additional information is obtained, and will be recognized in the consolidated financial statements as soon as they become known.
Concentration of Supplier Risk
Certain of the raw materials, components and equipment associated with the deoxyribonucleic acid (“DNA”) microarrays and Kits used by the Company in the delivery of its services are available only from third-party suppliers. The Company also relies on a third-party laboratory service for the processing of its customer samples. Shortages and slowdowns could occur in these essential materials, components, equipment, and laboratory services due to an interruption of supply or increased demand in the industry. If the Company were unable to procure certain materials, components, equipment, or laboratory services at acceptable prices, it would be required to reduce its laboratory operations, which could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations.
A single supplier accounted for 100% of the Company’s total purchases of microarrays and one separate single supplier accounted for 100% of the Company’s total purchases of Kits for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. One laboratory service provider accounted for 100% of the Company’s processing of customer samples for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk include cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains a majority of its cash and cash equivalents with a single high-quality financial institution, the composition and maturities of which are regularly monitored by the Company. The Company’s revenue and accounts receivable are derived primarily from the United States. See Note 5, “Revenue,” for additional information regarding geographical disaggregation of revenue. The Company grants credit to its customers in the normal course of business, performs credit evaluations of its significant customers on an as-needed basis, and does not require collateral. Concentrations of credit risk are limited as the Company’s trade receivables are primarily related to third
parties, which collect its credit card receivables, and large multinational corporations. The Company regularly monitors the aging of accounts receivable balances.
Significant customer information is as follows:
March 31, 2024March 31, 2023
Percentage of accounts receivable:
Customer C (1)
59 %69 %
Customer F— %27 %
Customer I30 %— %
(1)    Customer C is a reseller
Year Ended March 31,
202420232022
Percentage of revenue:
Customer C (1)
22 %22 %20 %
Customer B%16 %17 %
(1)    Customer C is a reseller
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash consists of bank deposits held at financial institutions. Cash in U.S. banks is insured to the extent defined by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Cash equivalents consist primarily of short-term money market funds. The Company maintains certain cash amounts restricted as to its withdrawal or use. The Company held total restricted cash of $8.4 million as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, which are related to letters of credit in connection with operating lease agreements, as well as collateral held against the Company’s corporate credit cards.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company measures financial assets and liabilities at fair value at each reporting period using a fair value hierarchy, which requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s classification within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Three levels of inputs may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 – Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Accounts Receivable, Net
Accounts receivable is recorded at the invoiced amount, net of estimated reserves for customer refunds, sales incentives, and bad debt, and is not interest-bearing. Accounts receivable represent amounts billed to the customers for bulk order and retail sales, and amounts billed under research services arrangements. Receivables are stated at amounts estimated by management to be equal to their net realizable values. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of expected credit losses on its accounts receivable. The Company’s expectation of collectability is based on the financial condition of the customer and the amount of any receivables in dispute. If events or changes in circumstances indicate that specific receivable balances may be impaired, further consideration is given to the
collectability of those balances and an allowance is recorded accordingly. The reserves for customer refunds, sales incentives and bad debt were immaterial for all periods presented.
Inventories
Inventories consist primarily of raw material of Kits and DNA microarrays and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Kits are shipped to and stored at third-party warehouses and retail consignment sites. DNA microarrays are shipped and stored at third-party laboratories. All inventories are expected to be delivered to the Company’s customers within a normal operating cycle for the Company, which is 12 months. Accordingly, all the Company’s Kits and DNA microarrays are classified as current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Cost is determined using standard cost, which approximates the average cost of the inventory items, including shipping and taxes. The Company has determined that all of its inventories would be sold above cost, and that no reserve for lower of cost or net realizable value is required for the Company’s inventories as of March 31, 2024 and 2023.
Deferred Cost of Revenue
Deferred cost of revenue consists primarily of the purchase costs and shipping and fulfillment costs of Kits that have been shipped to consumers and non-consigned retail sites. Deferred cost of revenue is recognized as cost of revenue when the performance obligation to which it relates is fulfilled, which is when the Kit is processed and initial results are made available to the customer, and the respective deferred revenue is recognized.
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the consolidated balance sheets, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss in the period realized.
The estimated useful lives of the Company’s property and equipment are as follows:
Computer equipment and software3 years
Laboratory equipment and software5 years
Furniture and office equipment5 years
Leasehold improvementsShorter of remaining lease term or estimated useful life
Internal-Use Software
The Company capitalizes certain costs related to the development of its customer platform and other internal-use software, primarily consisting of employee-related costs. Costs incurred during the application development phase are capitalized only when the Company believes it is probable the development will result in new or additional functionality. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation stage of the project and during the post-implementation operational stage are expensed as incurred. Internal-use software is amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life, which is generally two to four years.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess purchase price of acquired businesses over the fair values attributed to underlying net tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets. The Company tests goodwill each fiscal year on January 1st for impairment at the Consumer and Research Services reporting unit level. Goodwill is also tested for impairment whenever an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Performance of the qualitative impairment assessment requires judgment in identifying and considering the significance of relevant events and circumstances, including external factors such as macroeconomic and industry conditions and the legal and regulatory environment, as well as entity-specific factors, such as actual and planned financial performance or sustained market declines, that could impact the fair value of the Consumer and Research Services reporting unit. If, after assessing the totality of these qualitative factors, the Company determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then no additional assessment is deemed necessary. Otherwise, the Company will perform a quantitative impairment test in which the fair value of the reporting unit is compared with its carrying amount, and an impairment charge will be recorded for the amount by which the carrying
amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, if any. For results of the Company’s goodwill impairment analysis performed during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, see Note 10, “Balance Sheet Components — Goodwill.”
Acquired intangible assets consist of identifiable intangible assets resulting from business combinations. Acquired finite-lived intangible assets are initially recorded at fair value and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense is recognized within cost of revenue for developed technology, sales and marketing expense for customer relationships, partnerships, and trademark, and general and administrative expense for non-compete agreements, in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Other intangible assets consist of purchased patents.
Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and are amortized over the period of estimated benefit using the straight-line method and their estimated useful lives. Amortization for patents is recognized in research and development and general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company evaluates long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, internal-use software, acquired intangible assets, and right of use assets related to operating leases for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of long-lived assets may not be recoverable. The recoverability of these assets is measured by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows these assets are expected to generate. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the asset group’s carrying amount, the Company then determines the asset group’s fair value by using a discounted cash flow analysis. If the recoverability test indicates the carrying value of the asset group is not recoverable, the Company would estimate the fair value of the asset group using the discounted cash flow method. An impairment would be recognized in the event the carrying amount of such assets exceeds the fair value attributable to such assets. The useful lives of long-lived assets are evaluated whenever events or circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining amortization period.
Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. The Company evaluates classification of leases as either operating or finance at commencement and, as necessary, at modification. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, other accrued liabilities, and operating lease liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments under the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized on the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As the Company’s leases generally do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset also includes initial direct costs incurred and lease payments made prior to lease commencement less lease incentives received. Variable lease payments not dependent on an index or a rate are expensed as incurred and are not included within the ROU asset and lease liability calculation. Variable lease payments primarily include property taxes and costs incurred by lessors for common area maintenance. The Company’s lease terms are the non-cancelable period stated in the contract, including any rent-free periods provided by the lessor, adjusted for any options to extend or terminate when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. The Company accounts for lease and non-lease components in its lease agreements as a single lease component in determining lease assets and liabilities. In addition, the Company does not recognize the right-of-use assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of twelve months or less.
Revenue Recognition
The Company generates revenue primarily from its Consumer & Research Services segment, which includes revenue from its Personal Genome Service® (“PGS”), telehealth, and research services. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring the products or services to a customer (the “transaction price”). The transaction price includes various forms of variable consideration, as discussed below. In general, the transaction price is evaluated at contract inception.
For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a relative stand-alone selling price (“SSP”) price basis. The SSP is determined at contract inception and is not updated to reflect changes between contract inception and when the performance obligations are satisfied. Determining the
SSP for performance obligations requires significant judgment. The SSP for each performance obligation is based on the prices at which the Company separately sells the products and services. If an observable price from stand-alone sales is not available, the Company uses the adjusted market assessment approach, using reasonably available information and applicable inputs, to estimate the selling price of each performance obligation.
PGS
The Company generates PGS revenue by providing customers with a broad suite of genetic reports, including information on customers’ genetic ancestral origins, personal genetic health risks, and chances of passing on certain rare carrier conditions to their children, as well as reports on how genetics can impact responses to medication.
The Company’s contracts with customers for PGS services include multiple performance obligations: (1) initial ancestry reports, (2) ancestry updates, (3) initial health reports, (4) health updates, and (5) membership for extended health insights with access to exclusive reports and features. The transaction price for PGS revenue includes the amount of fixed consideration the Company expects to receive, as well as variable consideration related to refunds.
The Company bases its estimates of variable consideration related to refunds on historical data and other information. Estimates include: (i) timing of the returns and fees incurred, (ii) pricing adjustments related to returns and fees, and (iii) the quantity of product that will be returned in the future. Significant judgment is used in determining the appropriateness of these assumptions at each reporting period. Provisions for returns are based on service-level return rates and recent unprocessed return claims, as well as relevant market events and other factors.
The Company estimates the amount of sales that may be refunded and records the estimate as a reduction of revenue and a refund liability in the period the related PGS revenue is recognized. Based on the distribution model for PGS services and the nature of the services being provided, the Company believes there will be minimal refunds and has not experienced material historical refunds.
Revenue is recognized at a point in time upon delivery of the initial ancestry reports and initial health reports to the customer, as the customer obtains control when the report is received.
Revenue is recognized over time for ancestry updates and health updates over the period the customer is estimated to remain active. The Company estimates this period based on the historical average period that the customer continues to engage with the available report updates after the delivery of the initial reports. These updates are provided to the customer, when and if available, throughout the estimated period of activity during which the customer interacts with the PGS service. The Company re-evaluates these estimates annually and adjusts accordingly. The Company has determined that access to the updates, when and if available, that are provided over the estimated period qualifies as a series of distinct goods or services, for which revenue is recognized ratably over the period estimated by the Company.
PGS membership revenue for extended health insights is recognized ratably over the contractual membership period as the customer benefits from having access to these insights evenly throughout this period.
The Company sells through multiple channels, including direct to consumer via the Company’s website and through online retailers. If the customer does not return the Kit for processing, services cannot be completed by the Company, potentially resulting in unexercised rights (“breakage”) revenue. To estimate breakage, the Company applies the practical expedient available under ASC 606 to assess its customer contracts on a portfolio basis as opposed to individual customer contracts, due to the similarity of customer characteristics, at the sales channel level. The Company recognizes the breakage amounts as revenue, proportionate to the pattern of revenue recognition of the returning Kits in these respective sales channel portfolios. The Company estimates breakage for the portion of Kits not expected to be returned using an analysis of historical data and considers other factors that could influence customer Kit return behavior. The Company updates its breakage rate estimate periodically and, if necessary, adjusts the deferred revenue balance accordingly. If actual Kit return patterns vary from the estimate, actual breakage revenue may differ from the amounts recorded.
Fees paid to certain sales channel partners include, in part, compensation for obtaining PGS contracts. Such contracts have an amortization period of one year or less, and the Company has applied the practical expedient to recognize these costs as sales and marketing expenses when incurred.
Research Services
The Company generates research services revenue by performing research services under agreements with third parties relating to the use of the Company’s genotypic and phenotypic data to perform various research activities, including identifying promising drug targets and further researching specific ailments or patient treatment areas.
The Company’s contracts with customers for research services can include multiple performance obligations: (1) genotyping, (2) survey, (3) data analysis, (4) recruitment, (5) web development, (6) project management, and (7) dedicated research time. The transaction price for research services revenue includes the amount of fixed consideration the Company expects to receive, as well as variable consideration including, but not limited to, per participant fees, additional compensation for certain industry approvals, payments for milestones achieved early, and penalties for customer delays. The Company estimates the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price using either the most likely amount method or the expected amount method.
The Company bases its estimates of variable consideration on historical data and other available information. The Company includes an estimated amount of variable consideration in the transaction price only if it is probable that a subsequent change in the estimate would not result in a significant revenue reversal. Based on the historical data available, the Company believes that there will be minimal amounts of variable consideration earned and, as such, the transaction price for research services is not materially impacted. Variable consideration estimates are revisited at the end of each reporting period and adjustments are made accordingly.
For the majority of research services, to recognize revenue, the Company compares actual hours incurred to date to the overall total expected hours that will be required to satisfy the performance obligation. The use of personnel hours is a reasonable measure of progress as the Company fulfills its contractual obligations through research performed by the Company’s personnel. Revenues are recognized over time as the hours are incurred. All estimates are reviewed by the Company at the end of each reporting period and adjustments are made accordingly.
Telehealth
The Company generates telehealth revenues from pharmacy fees, patient fees, and membership fees. The transaction price for telehealth services includes the amount of fixed consideration the Company expects to receive, as well as variable consideration related to sales deductions, including (1) product returns, including return estimates and (2) fees for transaction processing and chargebacks. The Company estimates the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price using the expected value method.
The Company estimates the amount of sales that may be refunded and records the estimate as a reduction of revenue and a refund liability in the period the related telehealth revenue is recognized. The Company’s customers have limited return rights related to the telehealth services. The Company has not historically experienced material returns and believes that there will be minimal returns in the future. As such, the transaction price for telehealth services is not materially impacted.
Provisions for transaction fees and chargebacks are primarily based on customer-level contractual terms. Accruals and related reserves are adjusted as new information becomes available, which generally consists of actual transaction fees and chargebacks processed relating to sales recognized.
Pharmacy fees, net – The Company primarily generates revenue through sale and delivery of prescription medications from the Affiliated Pharmacies (as defined below). A contract is entered into with a patient when the patient accepts the Company’s terms and conditions, requests a prescription, or chooses to refill, and provides access to payment. The Company has determined that these contracts contain one performance obligation. Revenue is recognized at the point in time in which prescription services are rendered for these transactions. Fees are charged as prescription services are rendered. Revenue is recorded net of refunds.
Patient fees, net – The Company primarily generates revenue through the PMCs (as defined below) from patient visit fees, which include healthcare professional consultations, lab testing, and ordering prescriptions. A contract is entered into with a patient when the patient accepts the Company’s terms and conditions and provides access to payment. The Company has determined that each service event is a distinct performance obligation. Revenue is recognized at the point in time in which services are rendered for these transactions. Fees are charged upfront prior to services being rendered and are allocated to each obligation to provide services to the patient. Revenue is recorded net of refunds and pass-through lab and prescription costs.
Membership fees, net – The Company generates revenue through membership fees from patients, which includes a membership for unlimited medical visits and unlimited prescriptions during the membership period (generally one, three or twelve months). A contract is entered into with a patient when the patient accepts the Company’s terms and conditions and makes a pre-payment for the membership term. The Company has determined that access to the services over the membership period qualifies as a series of distinct goods or services for which revenue is recognized ratably over the respective membership period. Revenue is recorded net of refunds. Deferred revenue consists of advance payments from members related to membership performance obligations that have not been satisfied for memberships.
In providing telehealth services that include professional medical consultations, the Company maintains relationships with various affiliated professional medical corporations (“PMCs”). PMCs are organized under state law as professional entities that are owned by physicians licensed in the applicable state and that engage licensed healthcare professionals (each, a “Provider” and collectively, the “Providers”) to provide consultation services. See Note 8, “Variable Interest Entities,” for additional details. The Company accounts for service revenue as a principal in the arrangement with its patients.
Additionally, with respect to its telehealth services involving the sale of prescription products, the Company maintains relationships with affiliated pharmacies (collectively, the “Affiliated Pharmacies”) to fill prescriptions that are ordered by the Company’s patients. The Company accounts for prescription product revenue as a principal in the arrangement with its patients.
Collaborations
From time to time the Company enters into collaboration arrangements in which both parties are active participants in the arrangement and are exposed to the significant risks and rewards of the collaboration, in which case the collaboration is within the scope of ASC Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements. Within such collaborations, the Company determines if any obligations are an output of the Company’s ordinary activities in exchange for consideration, and if so, the Company applies ASC 606 to such activities.
For other payments received from the other party for other collaboration activities related to various development, launch and sales milestones of licensed products, or royalties related to net sales of licensed products, the Company analogizes to ASC 606. Such payments will be recognized when the related activities occur as they are determined to relate predominantly to the license of intellectual property transferred to the other party and therefore have also been excluded from the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations determined under ASC 606. To date, no consideration in this regard has been received under the Company’s collaboration agreements.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue for PGS primarily consists of cost of raw materials, lab processing fees, personnel-related expenses, including salaries and benefits and stock-based compensation, shipping and handling, and allocated overhead. Shipping costs for the Kits are incurred prior to fulfillment of consumer services obligations and the corresponding shipping and handling expense is reported in cost of revenue.
Cost of revenue for research services primarily consists of personnel-related expenses, including salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation, and allocated overhead.
Research and Development
Research and development costs primarily consist of personnel-related expenses, including salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation, associated with the Company’s research and development personnel, collaboration expenses, laboratory services and supplies costs, third-party data services, and allocated overhead. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs consist primarily of direct expenses related to television and radio advertising, including production and branding, paid search, online display advertising, direct mail, and affiliate programs. Advertising production costs are expensed the first time the advertising takes place, and all other advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs amounted to $37.5 million, $49.1 million and $54.7 million for the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and are included in sales and marketing expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Deferred advertising costs primarily consist of vendor payments made in advance to secure media spots across varying media channels, as well as production costs incurred before the first time the advertising takes place. Deferred advertising costs are not expensed until first used. The deferred advertising costs were $0.4 million and $1.6 million as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Deferred advertising costs are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation expense related to stock-based awards for employees and non-employees is recognized based on the fair value of the awards granted. The fair value of each stock option and employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) are estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected term of the stock-based award, the expected volatility of the price of the Company’s common stock, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend yield of common stock. Given the Company does not have sufficient historical exercise data as a public company, the expected term of stock options granted is estimated using the simplified method, which represents the average of the contractual term of the stock option and its weighted-average vesting period. The expected term of the ESPP rights equals the six-month and twelve-month look-back periods. Since inception, the expected volatility was based upon the historical volatility of comparable companies from a representative peer group. The Company has historically not declared or paid any dividends and does not currently expect to do in the foreseeable future. The risk-free interest rates used are based on the U.S. Department of Treasury (“U.S. Treasury”) yield in effect at the time of grant for zero-coupon U.S. Treasury notes with maturities approximately equal to the expected term. The fair value of each RSU is estimated based on the fair value of the common stock on the grant date.
Prior to the Merger, the Company determined the fair value of its common stock for financial reporting as of each grant date based on numerous objective and subjective factors and management’s judgment. Subsequent to the Merger, the Company determines the fair value using the market closing price of its common stock on the date of grant. The related stock-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the awards, including awards with graded vesting and no additional conditions for vesting other than service conditions. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. See Note 15, “Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation,” for additional details.
The Company’s fiscal 2024 annual incentive bonuses will be paid in the form of RSUs based upon the Company’s achievement of certain pre-established financial, operational, and strategic performance metrics. The number of the RSUs is determined by dividing the dollar amount of the incentive bonus by the trailing average closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock for a defined period of time determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The Company accounts for the RSUs as liability awards, and adjusts the liability and corresponding expenses at the end of each quarter until the date of settlement, considering the probability that the performance conditions will be satisfied. The liability of the awards is included in other current liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. See Note 15, “Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation,” for additional details.
Income Taxes
The Company applies the provisions of ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Under ASC 740, the Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the bases used for financial reporting and income tax reporting purposes. Deferred income taxes are provided based on the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect at the time such temporary differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize those tax assets through future operations.
The Company also utilizes the guidance in ASC 740 to account for uncertain tax positions. ASC 740 contains a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount which is more likely than not of being realized and effectively settled. The Company considers many factors when evaluating and estimating the Company’s tax positions and tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments, and which may not accurately reflect actual outcomes. The Company recognizes interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits as a component of provision for income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. See Note 18, “Income Taxes,” for additional details.
Business Combinations
The Company accounts for its business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, allocation of the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. The results of businesses acquired in a business combination are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. Acquisition costs, such as legal and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred.
Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires management to use significant judgment and estimates, including the selection of valuation methodologies, estimates of future revenue and cash flows, discount rates, and selection of comparable companies. The estimates and assumptions used to determine the fair values and useful lives of identified intangible assets could change due to numerous factors, including market conditions, technological developments, economic conditions, and competition. The Company’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with a corresponding offset to goodwill if new information is obtained related to facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. After the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
When the Company issues stock-based or cash awards to an acquired company’s stockholders, the Company evaluates whether the awards are consideration or compensation for post-acquisition services. The evaluation includes, among other things, whether the vesting of the awards is contingent on the continued employment of the acquired company’s stockholders beyond the acquisition date. If continued employment is required for vesting, the awards are treated as compensation for post-acquisition services and recognized as expense over the requisite service period.
Uncertain tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances are initially established in connection with a business combination as of the acquisition date. The Company continues to collect information and reevaluate these estimates and assumptions quarterly. The Company will record any adjustments to its preliminary estimates to goodwill, provided that it is within the one-year measurement period.
Variable Interest Entities
The Company evaluates its ownership, contractual, and other interests in entities to determine if it has any variable interest in a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and if it is the primary beneficiary. These evaluations are complex and involve judgment. If the Company determines that an entity in which it holds a contractual or ownership interest is a VIE and that the Company is the primary beneficiary, the Company consolidates such entity in its consolidated financial statements. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party that meets both of the following criteria: (i) has the power to make decisions that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE, and (ii) has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that in either case could potentially be significant to the VIE. Management performs ongoing reassessments of whether changes in the facts and circumstances regarding the Company’s involvement with a VIE will cause the consolidation conclusion to change. Changes in consolidation status are applied prospectively.
Foreign Currency
The reporting currency of the Company is the United States dollar. The Company determines the functional currency of each subsidiary based on the currency of the primary economic environment in which each subsidiary operates. Items included in the financial statements of such subsidiaries are measured using that functional currency. Prior to the disposition of its U.K. subsidiary on August 1, 2023, the functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiary was the British Pound. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates and foreign currency denominated non-monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars at historical exchange rates. Equity transactions are translated using historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates during the period. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income as a component of stockholders’ equity (deficit). Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recognized in other (expense) income, net in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, and have not been material for any of the periods presented.
Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive loss is composed of two components: net loss and other comprehensive income (loss). The Company’s changes in foreign currency translation represents the components of other comprehensive income (loss) that are excluded from the reported net loss.
Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
The Company computes net loss per share using the two-class method required for participating securities. The two-class method requires income available to common stockholders for the period to be allocated between common stock and participating securities based upon their respective rights to receive dividends as if all income for the period had been distributed. The Company determined that it had participating securities in the form of redeemable convertible preferred stock prior to the date of conversion and shares subject to vesting as holders of such securities had non-forfeitable dividend rights in the event of a declaration of a dividend for shares of common stock prior to the vesting date. These participating securities do not contractually require the holders of such stocks to participate in the Company’s losses. As such, net loss for the period presented was not allocated to the Company’s participating securities.
The Company’s basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period, without consideration of potentially dilutive securities. The diluted net loss per share is calculated by giving effect to all potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period using the treasury share method or the if-converted method based on the nature of such securities. Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share in periods when the effects of potentially dilutive shares of ordinary shares are anti-dilutive. See Note 16, “Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders,” for additional details.
Related Parties
A party is considered to be related to the Company if the party, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the Company, including principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management, and other parties with which the Company may deal and can significantly influence the management or operating policies to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. See Note 20, “Related Party Transactions,” for additional details.
Restructuring
The Company defines restructuring expenses to include costs directly associated with exit or disposal activities, such as severance payments, benefits continuation, and non-cash stock-compensation charges associated with the modification of certain stock awards. In general, the Company records involuntary employee-related exit and disposal costs when it communicates to employees that they are entitled to receive such benefits and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
Contingencies
    The Company is subject to certain routine legal and regulatory proceedings, as well as demands and claims that arise in the normal course of business. Certain conditions may exist as of the date the consolidated financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company, but will only be recorded when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company’s management assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against and by the Company or unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company’s management evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or unasserted claims, as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought.
If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, would be disclosed. Loss contingencies considered to be remote by management are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantee would be disclosed. Legal fees related to potential loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. Insurance recoveries associated with loss
contingencies are recognized when realization becomes probable and estimable, the associated costs have been recognized in the financial statements, and the losses are clearly attributable to the insured event.
Liquidity

The Company’s operations have been financed primarily through the sales of equity securities and sales of PGS, telehealth, and research services. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, the Company received gross proceeds of $309.7 million from the Merger and $250.0 million from the PIPE investment consummated in connection with the Merger. The Company expects to continue to incur operating losses and negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future due to the investments it intends to continue to make in research and development to capitalize on market opportunities and drive long-term growth, as well as operating expenses incurred within general and administrative, and sales and marketing.

The Company will require additional financing to execute ongoing and future operations. The Company’s ability to obtain additional financing depends on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the market price of the Company’s Class A common stock, the availability and cost of additional equity capital, the Company’s ability to retain the listing of its Class A common stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market, and the general economic and industry conditions affecting the availability and cost of capital. The Company is dependent upon future financing to provide the cash necessary to execute our ongoing and future operations. Management will continue to monitor the Company’s liquidity position.

In connection with preparing consolidated financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, the Company is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $216.5 million. Based on current cash resources and the implementation of the previously-disclosed reductions in force in June and August 2023, the Company believes its cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund estimated operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least 12 months from the date of the issuance of these consolidated financial statements. Management considers that there are no conditions or events in the aggregate that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least one year from the date the consolidated financial statements are issued.

On November 10, 2023, the Company received a deficiency letter (the “Nasdaq Letter”) from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Department (the “Staff”) of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”), notifying the Company that it is not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5450(a)(1), which requires the Company to maintain a minimum bid price of at least $1.00 per share for continued listing on The Nasdaq Global Select Market (the “Minimum Bid Requirement”). The Company’s failure to comply with the Minimum Bid Requirement was based on its Class A common stock per share price being below the $1.00 threshold for a period of 30 consecutive trading days. Pursuant to the Nasdaq Letter, the Company had an initial 180 calendar days from the date of the Nasdaq Letter to regain compliance. The Company did not regain compliance during the initial compliance period.

On May 9, 2024, the Company received a notification letter from the Staff of Nasdaq notifying the Company that it had been granted an additional 180 days, or until November 4, 2024, to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Requirement, based on the Company meeting the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other applicable requirements for initial listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market with the exception of the bid price requirement, and the Company’s written notice of its intention to cure the deficiency during the second compliance period. In order to be eligible to receive the second compliance period, the Company applied to have its Class A common stock transferred from the Nasdaq Global Select Market to the Nasdaq Capital Market.

If at any time before November 4, 2024, the bid price of the Class A common stock closes at $1.00 per share or more for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days, the Staff will provide written confirmation that the Company has achieved compliance. If the Company does not regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Requirement by the end of the second compliance period, the Class A common stock will become subject to delisting. In the event that the Company receives notice that the Class A common stock is being delisted, the Nasdaq listing rules permit the Company to appeal a delisting determination by the Staff to a hearings panel.

The Company intends to monitor the closing bid price of its common stock between now and November 4, 2024, and will consider available options to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Requirement, including initiating a reverse stock split. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Requirement or will otherwise be in compliance with other Nasdaq Listing Rules. Neither the Nasdaq Letter nor the
Company’s noncompliance with the Minimum Bid Requirement have an immediate effect on the listing or trading of the Class A common stock, which will continue to trade on The Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol “ME.”
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Updated (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and requires retrospective application to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impacts of the new standard.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and income taxes paid information. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and may be adopted on a prospective or retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impacts and method of adoption.
In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-02, Codification Improvements — Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements, which amends the Codification to remove various references to various concepts statements and impacts a variety of topics in the Codification. This amendment applies to all reporting entities within the scope of the affected accounting guidance, but in most instances the references removed are extraneous and not required to understand or apply the guidance. Generally, the amendments in this ASU are not intended to result in significant accounting changes for most entities. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, including interim periods with those year. This ASU is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.