10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

__________________________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

__________________________________________________________

(Mark One)
x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022

or

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number: 001-39283

__________________________________________________________

Lightning eMotors, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

__________________________________________________________

Delaware	84-4605714
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
815 14th Street SW Suite A100 Loveland, Colorado	80537
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(800) 223-0740

(Registrant’s telephone number)

__________________________________________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of Exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share	ZEV	New York Stock Exchange
Redeemable Warrants, each full warrant exercisable for one share of Common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share	ZEV.WS	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	o	Accelerated filer	o
Non-accelerated filer	x	Smaller reporting company	x	Emerging growth company	x

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x

As of August 3, 2022, there were 75,619,573 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
Part I	Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements	3
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2022 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2021	3
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)	4
	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)	5
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)	7
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	9
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	36
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	47
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	47
Part II	Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	48
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	48
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	49
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	49
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	49
Item 5.	Other Information	49
Item 6.	Exhibits	50
Exhibit Index		50
Signatures		51

2

PART I —FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Lightning eMotors, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share data)

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	125,410	$	168,538
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $3,847 and $3,349 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	6,831		9,172
Inventories	25,167		14,621
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	8,251		7,067
Total current assets	165,659		199,398
Property and equipment, net	9,159		4,891
Operating lease right-of-use asset, net	8,344		8,742
Other assets	2,201		379
Total assets	$	185,363	$	213,410
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	7,256	$	6,021
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	8,044		5,045
Warrant liability	871		2,185
Current portion of operating lease obligation	1,432		1,166
Total current liabilities	17,603		14,417
Long-term debt, net of debt discount	68,181		63,768
Operating lease obligation, net of current portion	8,594		9,260
Derivative liability	4,776		17,418
Earnout liability	32,841		83,144
Other long-term liabilities	751		191
Total liabilities	132,746		188,198
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock, par value $0.0001, 1,000,000 shares authorized and no shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021	—		—
Common stock, par value $0.0001, 250,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021; 75,610,103 and 75,062,642 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	8		8
Additional paid-in capital	209,191		206,768
Accumulated deficit	(156,582)		(181,564)
Total stockholders’ equity	52,617		25,212
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	185,363	$	213,410

See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

3

Lightning eMotors, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenues	$	3,536	$	5,923	$	8,948	$	10,514
Cost of revenues	4,889		7,048		12,611		12,366
Gross loss	(1,353)		(1,125)		(3,663)		(1,852)
Operating expenses
Research and development	1,810		743		3,752		1,391
Selling, general and administrative	12,559		16,026		24,158		19,946
Total operating expenses	14,369		16,769		27,910		21,337
Loss from operations	(15,722)		(17,894)		(31,573)		(23,189)
Other (income) expense, net
Interest expense, net	3,849		3,940		7,710		5,551
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(1,126)		7,596		(1,314)		28,135
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of derivative liability	(10,087)		4,267		(12,642)		4,267
(Gain) loss from change in earnout liability	(44,131)		12,376		(50,303)		12,376
Other expense (income), net	35		(15)		(6)		(24)
Total other (income) expense, net	(51,460)		28,164		(56,555)		50,305
Net income (loss)	$	35,738	$	(46,058)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)
Net income (loss) per share, basic	$	0.47	$	(0.79)	$	0.33	$	(1.60)
Net income (loss) per share, diluted	$	0.35	$	(0.79)	$	0.23	$	(1.60)
Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic	75,408,116		58,560,928		75,268,854		45,924,405
Weighted-average shares outstanding, diluted	85,210,210		58,560,928		85,281,301		45,924,405

See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

Lightning eMotors, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)

(in thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)

	Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Stockholders’ Accumulated Deficit		Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Par Value
Balance as of March 31, 2022	—	$	—	75,153,493	$	8	$	207,746	$	(192,320)	$	15,434
Exercise of stock options	—	—		280,570	—		117		—		117
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of taxes	—	—		176,040	—		(108)		—		(108)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		1,436		—		1,436
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		35,738		35,738
Balance as of June 30, 2022	—	$	—	75,610,103	$	8	$	209,191	$	(156,582)	$	52,617
Balance as of December 31, 2021	—	$	—	75,062,642	$	8	$	206,768	$	(181,564)	$	25,212
Exercise of stock options	—	—		305,004	—		123		—		123
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of taxes	—	—		242,457	—		(108)		—		(108)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		2,408		—		2,408
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		24,982		24,982
Balance as of June 30, 2022	—	$	—	75,610,103	$	8	$	209,191	$	(156,582)	$	52,617
Balance as of March 31, 2021	31,023,671	$	50,082	5,058,949	$	—	$	11,339	$	(108,231)	$	(96,892)
Retroactive application of recapitalization	(31,023,671)	(50,082)		28,880,068	3		50,079		—		50,082
Adjusted balance beginning of period	—	—		33,939,017	3		61,418		(108,231)		(46,810)
Exercise of Common Warrants (1)	—	—		69,232	—		646		—		646
Issuance of Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock upon exercise of Series C warrants (1)	—	—		906,594	—		7,258		—		7,258
Business Combination and PIPE Financing	—	—		37,843,390	4		109,801		—		109,805
Warrants issued in connection with the Convertible Note	—	—		—	—		14,522		—		14,522
Exercise of stock options (1)	—	—		489,878	—		31		—		31
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		128		—		128
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(46,058)		(46,058)
Balance as of June 30, 2021	—	$	—	73,248,111	$	7	$	193,804	$	(154,289)	$	39,522

5

	Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Stockholders’ Accumulated Deficit		Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Par Value
Balance as of December 31, 2020	30,120,057	$	43,272	4,910,555	$	—	$	10,828	$	(80,795)	$	(69,967)
Retroactive application of recapitalization	(30,120,057)	(43,272)		28,038,952	3		43,269		—		43,272
Adjusted balance beginning of period	—	—		32,949,507	3		54,097		(80,795)		(26,695)
Exercise of Common Warrants (1)	—	—		69,232			646		—		646
Issuance of Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock upon exercise of Series C warrants (1)	—	—		1,756,525	—		14,068		—		14,068
Business Combination and PIPE Financing	—	—		37,843,390	4		109,801		—		109,805
Warrants issued in connection with the Convertible Note	—	—		—	—		14,522		—		14,522
Issuance of common stock warrants	—	—		—	—		433		—		433
Exercise of stock options (1)	—	—		629,457	—		41		—		41
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		196		—		196
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(73,494)		(73,494)
Balance as of June 30, 2021	—	$	—	73,248,111	$	7	$	193,804	$	(154,289)	$	39,522

(1)Share amounts have been retroactively restated to give effect to the recapitalization transaction.

See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

6

Lightning eMotors, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	768		350
Provision for doubtful accounts	498		142
Provision for inventory obsolescence and write-downs	777		98
Loss (gain) on disposal of fixed asset	37		(9)
Change in fair value of warrant liability	(1,314)		28,135
Change in fair value of earnout liability	(50,303)		12,376
Change in fair value of derivative liability	(12,642)		4,267
Stock-based compensation	2,408		196
Amortization of debt discount	4,413		2,522
Non-cash impact of operating lease right-of-use asset	551		1,224
Issuance of common stock warrants for services performed	—		433
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	1,843		(4,458)
Inventories	(11,382)		(3,480)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(2,658)		(8,775)
Accounts payable	1,186		562
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	1,658		6,237
Net cash used in operating activities	(39,178)		(33,674)
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property and equipment	(3,930)		(1,445)
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment	—		9
Net cash used in investing activities	(3,930)		(1,436)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from convertible notes payable, net of issuance costs paid	—		95,000
Proceeds from Business Combination and PIPE Financing, net of issuance costs paid	—		142,796
Proceeds from facility borrowings	—		7,000
Repayments of facility borrowings	—		(11,500)
Proceeds from the exercise of Series C redeemable convertible preferred warrants	—		3,100
Proceeds from exercise of common warrants	—		157
Payments on finance lease obligations	(35)		(54)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	123		41
Tax withholding payment related to net settlement of equity awards	(108)		—
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(20)		236,540
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(43,128)		201,430
Cash - Beginning of period	168,538		460
Cash - End of period	$	125,410	$	201,890

7

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Supplemental cash flow information - Cash paid for interest	$	3,526	$	1,649
Significant noncash transactions
Earnout liability at inception	$	—	$	78,960
Warrant liability at inception	—		1,253
Derivative liability at inception	—		17,063
Conversion of convertible notes for common stock	—		9,679
Conversion of warrant liabilities for common stock	—		37,580
Property and equipment included in accounts payable and accruals	708		—
Finance lease right-of-use asset in exchange for a lease liability	786		—

See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

8

Lightning eMotors, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)

Note 1 – Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

Lightning eMotors, Inc. (the “Company”, “Lightning”) is an innovative automotive manufacturing and research company based in Loveland, Colorado. The Company operates in the zero-emission vehicle (“ZEV”) market and manufactures zero-emission Class 3 to 7 Battery Electric Vehicles (“BEV”) and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (“FCEV”), and infrastructure solutions for commercial medium duty trucks, buses, vans and motorcoach fleets. The Company also sells charging systems as an ancillary supporting product. The Company operates predominately in the United States.

On May 6, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), GigCapital3, Inc. (“Gig”), consummated the previously announced merger pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement, dated December 10, 2020 (the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among Project Power Merger Sub, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gig incorporated in the State of Delaware (“Merger Sub”), and Lightning Systems, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lightning Systems”). Pursuant to the terms of the Business Combination Agreement, a business combination between Gig and Lightning Systems was effected through the merger of Merger Sub with and into Lightning Systems, with Lightning Systems surviving as the surviving company and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gig (the “Business Combination”).

On the Closing Date, and in connection with the closing of the Business Combination, Gig changed its name to Lightning eMotors, Inc. Lightning Systems was deemed the accounting acquirer in the Business Combination based on an analysis of the criteria outlined in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations. This determination was primarily based on Lightning Systems stockholders prior to the Business Combination having a majority of the voting interests in the combined company, Lightning Systems operations comprising the ongoing operations of the combined company and Lightning Systems senior management comprising the senior management of the combined company. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination was treated as the equivalent of Lightning Systems issuing stock for the net assets of Gig, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Gig are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded.

While Gig was the legal acquirer in the Business Combination, Lightning Systems was deemed the accounting acquirer, the historical financial statements of Lightning Systems became the historical financial statements of the combined company, upon the consummation of the Business Combination. As a result, the financial statements included in this report reflect (i) the historical operating results of Lightning Systems prior to the Business Combination; (ii) the combined results of the Company and Lightning Systems following the closing of the Business Combination; (iii) the assets and liabilities of Lightning Systems at their historical cost; and (iv) the Company’s equity structure for all periods presented.

In accordance with guidance applicable to these circumstances, the equity structure has been restated in all comparative periods up to the Closing Date, to reflect the number of shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, issued to Lightning Systems stockholders in connection with the recapitalization transaction. As such, the shares and corresponding capital amounts and earnings per share related to Lightning Systems redeemable convertible preferred stock and Lightning Systems common stock prior to the Business Combination have been retroactively restated as shares reflecting the exchange ratio of approximately 0.9406 shares (the “Exchange Ratio”) established in the Business Combination Agreement. Activity within the statement of stockholders’ equity for the issuances and repurchases of Lightning Systems convertible redeemable preferred stock, were also retroactively converted to Lightning Systems common stock. For more details on the reverse recapitalization, see Note 3 to the Company’s notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The unaudited financial information reflects, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods indicated. The results reported for the interim period presented are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the full year. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

9

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period balances in the statements of cash flows have been combined or reclassified to conform to current period presentation. Such reclassifications had no impact on net loss or stockholders’ equity (deficit) previously reported.

Liquidity

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had $125,410 in cash and cash equivalents. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the net income of the Company amounted to $24,982. Cash flow used in operating activities was $39,178 for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The Company had positive working capital of $148,056 as of June 30, 2022, primarily as a result of the Business Combination. The current and historical operating cash flows, current cash and working capital balances, and forecasted obligations of the Company were considered in connection with management’s evaluation of the Company’s ongoing liquidity. As a result of the Business Combination, the Company received net proceeds of $216,812 in cash, after paying off the outstanding working capital facilities, the secured promissory note, and unsecured facility agreements.

The Company believes its cash and cash equivalents balance will be sufficient to continue to operate its business over the next twelve-month period from the date the financial statements were issued. However, the Company will require additional capital to fund the growth and scaling of its manufacturing facilities and operations; further develop its products and services, including those for orders in its order backlog; and fund possible acquisitions. Until the Company can generate sufficient cash flow from operations, the Company expects to finance its operations through a combination of the merger proceeds received from the Business Combination as well as from additional public offerings, debt financings or other capital markets transactions, collaborations or licensing arrangements. The amount and timing of the Company’s future funding requirements depends on many factors, including the pace and results of the Company’s development efforts and the Company’s ability to scale its operations.

The Company cannot provide any assurance that additional capital will be available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. If the Company is unable to secure additional capital, it may be required to take additional measures to reduce costs in order to conserve its cash in amounts sufficient to sustain operations and meet its obligations. These measures could cause significant delays in the Company’s continued efforts to commercialize its products, which is critical to the realization of its business plan and the future operations of the Company.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s most significant estimates and judgments involve deferred income taxes, allowance for doubtful accounts, warranty liability, write downs and write offs of obsolete and damaged inventory and valuations of share-based compensation, warrant liability, convertible note derivative liability and earnout share liability. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to the Company’s financial statements.

Segment information

ASC 280, Segment Reporting, defines operating segments as components of an enterprise where discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company operates as a single operating segment. The Company’s CODM is the Chief Executive Officer, who has ultimate responsibility for the operating performance of the Company and the allocation of resources. The CODM uses Company forecasts, a financial and operations dashboard, and cash flows as the primary measures to manage the business and does not segment the business for internal reporting or decision making.

10

Concentrations of credit risk

As of June 30, 2022, one customer accounted for 46% of the Company’s total accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2021, three customers accounted for 40%, 20% and 17% of total accounts receivable. The net sales to the following customers comprised more than 10% of revenues for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022				2021				2022				2021
	Net Sales		% of Net Revenues		Net Sales		% of Net Revenues		Net Sales		% of Net Revenues		Net Sales		% of Net Revenues
Customer A	$	599	17	%	$	—	—	%	$	2,564	29	%	$	—	—	%
Customer B	—		—	%	—		—	%	1,725		19	%	—		—	%
Customer C	—		—	%	3,249		55	%	—		—	%	5,318		51	%
Customer D	—		—	%	1,141		19	%	—		—	%	1,632		16	%
Customer E	572		16	%	—		—	%	—		—	%	—		—	%
Customer F	340		10	%	628		11	%	—		—	%	—		—	%
Total of customers with sales greater than 10%	$	1,511	43	%	$	5,018	85	%	$	4,289	48	%	$	6,950	67	%
Total of customers with sales less than 10%	2,025		57	%	905		15	%	4,659		52	%	3,564		33	%
Total Revenues	$	3,536	100	%	$	5,923	100	%	$	8,948	100	%	$	10,514	100	%

Concentrations of supplier risk

As of June 30, 2022, one supplier accounted for 30% of the Company’s total accounts payable. As of December 31, 2021, three suppliers accounted for 20%, 19% and 11% of the Company’s total accounts payable. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, two suppliers accounted for 42% and 32% of inventory purchases. For the three months ended June 30, 2021, two suppliers accounted for 24% and 13% of inventory purchases. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, two suppliers accounted for 40% and 26% of inventory purchases. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, two suppliers accounted for 18% and 16% of inventory purchases.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash held in banks and in money market funds. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are placed with high-credit-quality financial institutions and issuers, and at times exceed federally insured limits. To date, the Company has not experienced any credit loss relating to its cash and cash equivalents. The carrying value of the cash equivalents approximates fair value, which represents a Level 1 input.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded at invoiced amounts, net of discounts, and allowances. The Company grants credit in the normal course of business to its customers. The Company periodically performs credit analyses and monitors the financial condition of its customers to reduce credit risk. The Company reduces the carrying value for estimated uncollectible accounts based on a variety of factors including the length of time receivables are past due, economic trends and conditions affecting the Company’s customer base, and historical collection experience. Specific provisions are recorded for individual receivables when the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations. The Company writes off accounts receivable when they are deemed uncollectible. The following table details the change in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	3,397	$	142	$	3,349	$	—
Charges to expense	450		—		498		142
Balance at end of period	$	3,847	$	142	$	3,847	$	142

11

Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials, work in progress, and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on the average cost method. A valuation adjustment is made to inventory for any excess, obsolete or slow-moving items based on management’s review of on-hand inventories compared to historical and estimated future sales and usage profiles.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful asset lives. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost and amortized on the straight-line basis over their estimated economic useful lives or the lease term, whichever is shorter. Costs of enhancements or modifications that substantially extend the capacity or useful life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated accordingly. Ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is included in the consolidated statements of operations in “Cost of revenues”, “Research and development” and “Selling, general and administrative”. When property is retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the consolidated balance sheets and the resulting gain or loss, if any, is reflected in “Other income, net.” The estimated useful lives of the Company’s major classes of property and equipment are as follows:

Major Class of Property and Equipment	Useful Lives
Machinery and equipment	7 years
Vehicles	5 years
Leasehold improvements	5 years
Computer equipment	3 years
Software	3 years
Furniture and fixtures	7 years

Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets to be held and used in the Company’s operations are evaluated for impairment when events or circumstances indicate the carrying value of a long-lived asset or asset group is less than the undiscounted cash flows from its use and eventual disposition over its remaining economic life. The Company assesses recoverability by comparing the sum of projected undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition over the remaining economic life of a long-lived asset or asset group to its carrying value, and records a loss from impairment if the carrying value is more than its undiscounted cash flows. Assets or asset groups to be abandoned or from which no future benefit is expected are written down to zero in the period it is determined they will no longer be used and are removed entirely from service. There were no impairments of long-lived assets recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

Prior to the Business Combination, the Company had redeemable preferred stock outstanding that was classified as temporary equity in the mezzanine section of the balance sheet due to the contingently redeemable nature of the preferred stock. As described in Note 1, the equity structure has been restated in all comparative periods prior to the Closing Date. For the periods in which the redeemable convertible preferred stock was outstanding, the Company did not believe that the related contingent events and the redemption of the preferred stock was probable to occur and did not accrete the preferred stock to redemption value.

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Revenue recognition

Revenue Summary

The following table disaggregates revenue by major source:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
ZEVs	$	2,884	$	5,350	$	8,063	$	9,496
Zero-emission powertrains	336		130		336		218
Other	316		443		549		800
Total	$	3,536	$	5,923	$	8,948	$	10,514

The Company manufactures and sells medium and heavy-duty ZEVs, such as delivery trucks and buses. The Company manufactures ZEVs by installing and integrating its internally-developed, zero-emission powertrain into a vehicle chassis supplied by original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) partners or from the customer. At times, the Company also installs and integrates its zero-emission powertrains into a used vehicle chassis supplied by the customer (“repower”). The Company also manufactures and sells its stand-alone, zero-emission powertrains directly to customers.

The Company recognizes revenue at a point in time when its performance obligation has been satisfied and control of the ZEV or zero-emission powertrain is transferred to the customer, which generally aligns with shipping terms. Contract shipping terms include ExWorks (“EXW”), “FOB Shipping Point” and “FOB Destination” all as defined in the Incoterms. Under EXW (meaning the seller fulfills its obligation to deliver when it makes goods available at its premises, or another specified location, for the buyer to collect), the performance obligation is satisfied and control is transferred at the point when the customer is notified that the ZEV or zero-emission powertrain is available for pickup. Under “FOB Shipping Point,” control is transferred to the customer at the time the good is transferred to the shipper and under “FOB Destination,” at the time the good is delivered to a customer’s specified delivery location. At times, the Company sells ZEVs that require additional upfitting from a third party before the final sale to the customer. The Company is acting as the principal in such transactions and revenue is recognized on a gross basis.

Other revenue primarily includes the sale of charging systems, engineering consulting services, telematics and analytics subscription services and decontented parts. Revenue for chargers and decontented parts is generally recognized based on contract shipping terms. At times, chargers may be drop shipped directly to the customer from the manufacturer, in which revenue is recognized at the time of shipment. The Company is acting as the principal in such transactions and revenue is recognized on a gross basis. Services are recognized as revenue over time as either percentage of completion (i.e. engineering service contracts) or as the service is transferred to the customer (i.e. telematics and analytics subscription services).

The Company made an accounting policy election to account for any shipping and handling costs that occur after control has transferred to the customer as fulfillment costs that are accrued to cost of revenues at the time control transfers. Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are initially recorded in deferred revenue and recognized as revenue once shipping is complete.

The Company often applies for governmental funding programs, including the Hybrid and Zero Emission Truck and Bus Voucher Incentive Project (“HVIP”), on behalf of its customers for ZEV sales. Generally, as a condition of the program, the amount billed to the customer must be reduced by the amount that will be funded by the government program, and the Company will receive the funds directly from the government program. However, the discount to the customer is contingent upon the Company’s receipt of the funding. Revenue is recognized on the gross amount of the ZEV at the time substantially all of the conditions of the government program required of the Company have been met and control of the ZEV has transferred to the customer based on shipping terms.

The following economic factors affect the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of the Company’s revenue and cash flows as indicated:

•Type of customer: The Company’s sales are directly to commercial fleet customers, OEMs, governments and dealers.

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•Type of contract: Sales contracts are for goods or services. The majority of contracts are short term (i.e., less than or equal to one year in duration).

Significant Payment Terms

None of the Company’s contracts have a significant financing component. Any cash that is received prior to revenue recognition is deferred as deferred revenue (a contract liability) until the good is delivered or service is rendered.

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities relate to payments received in advance of performance obligations under the contract and are realized when the associated revenue is recognized under the contracts. The Company’s contract liabilities consist of customer deposits and deferred revenue, which are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in contract liabilities are as follows:

Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	147
Revenues recognized	(412)
Increase due to billings	1,013
Balance as of June 30, 2022	$	748

The Company recognized revenue of $62 during the six months ended June 30, 2022 that was included in the contract liability balance as of December 31, 2021.

Returns and Refunds

Consideration paid for goods and/or services that customers purchase from the Company are nonrefundable. Therefore, at the time revenue is recognized, the Company does not estimate expected refunds for goods or services, nor does the Company exclude any such amounts from revenue.

Transaction Price

The transaction price of a contract is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods to a customer. Transaction prices do not include amounts collected on behalf of third parties (e.g., sales taxes). Sales taxes collected on sales are recorded as a sales tax liability and are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities.”

To determine the transaction price of a contract, the Company considers its customary business practices and the terms of the contract. For the purpose of determining transaction prices, the Company assumes that the goods and/or services will be transferred to the customer as promised in accordance with existing contracts and that the contracts will not be canceled, renewed, or modified. The Company’s revenue terms do not include retrospective or prospective volume discounts, rights of return, rebates, performance bonuses or other forms of variable consideration.

The Company’s contracts with customers have fixed transaction prices that are denominated in U.S. dollars and payable in cash.

Future Performance Obligations

The Company has applied the practical expedient to exclude the value of remaining performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original term of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue in proportion to the amount it has the right to invoice for services performed (i.e. analytical data subscription services).

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had remaining performance obligations related to a non-cancellable (other than for a breach by the Company) minimum-quantity purchase commitment. The customer is obligated to purchase a fixed number of ZEVs through December 31, 2023, however, the price varies based on which year the customer orders each ZEV (in 2022 or 2023). The Company estimates that the future revenues associated with this contract (based on estimated orders from the customer for 2022) to be $4,900 in 2022 and $6,300 in 2023. The timing of the revenue associated with these estimates will change if the ZEVs are commissioned and/or shipped subsequent to the year in which they were ordered, as

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revenue will not be recognized until control of the ZEV transfers to the customer based on the purchase order shipping terms.

Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract with a Customer

The Company has elected the practical expedient to expense contract acquisition costs, which consist of sales commissions, which are reported within “Selling, general and administrative” expenses.

Warranties

In most cases, goods that customers purchase from the Company are covered by five-year and 60-thousand-mile limited product warranty. The Company has not sold warranties separately.

At the time revenue is recognized, the Company estimates the cost of expected future warranty claims and accrues estimated future warranty costs based upon the history of warranty claims. The Company periodically reviews the adequacy of its product warranties and adjusts, if necessary, the warranty estimate and accrued warranty liability for actual historical experience. The warranty liability is included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” and the cost of warranties is included in “Cost of revenues.”

Fair value, measurements, and financial instruments

A fair value hierarchy was established that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques (market approach, income approach, and cost approach). The Company’s financial assets and liabilities are measured using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. The three levels of the hierarchy and the related inputs are as follows:

•Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company can access at the measurement date.

•Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

An asset’s or liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Valuation techniques used need to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on one or more of the following three valuation techniques:

•Market approach: Prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities.

•Cost approach: Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost).

•Income approach: Techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount based upon market expectations (including present value techniques, option pricing and excess earnings models).

The Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, however, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. The Company’s recurring fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 discussed below contain significant unobservable inputs. A change in those significant unobservable inputs could result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement at the reporting date.

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, warrant liabilities, long-term debt, derivative liabilities and earnout liabilities. The carrying value of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of those instruments.

Long-term debt is not presented at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as it is recorded at carrying value, net of unamortized debt discounts. However, the 7.5% $100,000 convertible senior note (the “Convertible Note”) has an

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embedded conversion option accounted for as a derivative liability, which is presented at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the Convertible Note, including the conversion option, was $64,567 and $76,614 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company’s term note and working capital facility (“Facility”) had an outstanding term note with a principal amount of $3,000 as of both June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and a fair value of $3,308 and $4,173 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
As of June 30, 2022
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	$	117,260	$	—	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	$	—	$	—	$	871
Derivative liability	—		—		4,776
Earnout liability	—		—		32,841
As of December 31, 2021
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	$	150,022	$	—	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	$	—	$	—	$	2,185
Derivative liability	—		—		17,418
Earnout liability	—		—		83,144

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had cash equivalents held in a money market account. The Company has concluded that due to the highly liquid nature of the money market account, the carrying value approximates fair value, which represents a Level 1 input.

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company assumed the liability associated with the Gig warrants. The Company accounts for the warrants as liabilities at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the statement of operations for each reporting period. The fair value is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model (“BSM”) where the share price input represents the Company’s stock price as of the valuation date. The BSM is a commonly-used mathematical model for pricing an option or warrant. In particular, the model estimates the variation in value over time of financial instruments. The fair value measurements are considered Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company estimates the fair value of its derivative liability associated with the Convertible Note at each reporting date, as well as at each conversion date. The Convertible Note and embedded conversion option are valued using a Binomial Lattice Model designed to capture incremental value attributed to the conversion options in addition to the value of the Convertible Note. The value of the Convertible Note without the conversion feature is valued utilizing the income approach, specifically the discounted cash flow method. Cash flows are discounted utilizing the U.S. Treasury rate and the credit spread to estimate the appropriate risk-adjusted rate. The conversion feature utilizes the Company’s stock price as of the valuation date as the starting point of the valuation. A Binomial Lattice Model is used to estimate a credit spread by solving for a premium to the U.S. Treasury rate that produces a value of the Convertible Note. As of issuance, the value of the Convertible Note and warrants related to the Convertible Note were set to equal $100,000 to solve for the credit spread which is then updated quarterly. The fair value measurements are considered Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company recognized additional earnout shares with performance conditions as a liability measured at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of operations for each reporting period. The earnout shares are valued using the Company’s stock price as of the valuation date. The valuation methodology used is a Monte Carlo Simulation model (“MCS”) utilizing a Geometric Brownian motion process to capture meeting the various performance conditions. MCS is a technique that uses a stochastic process to create a range of potential future outcomes given a variety of inputs. Stochastic processes involve the use of both predictive

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assumptions (e.g., volatility, risk-free rate) and random numbers to create potential outcomes of value. MCS assumes that stock prices take a random walk and cannot be predicted; therefore, random number generators are used to create random outcomes for stock prices. The fair value measurements are considered Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.

Prior to the Business Combination, the Company had common and preferred stock warrants issued in connection with the issuance of debt, the conversion of debt to preferred stock, and the issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock that were measured and recorded at fair market value as of the date of each transaction. These common and preferred stock warrants were classified in warrant liabilities and were measured and adjusted to their fair market value as of each reporting period as described in the paragraphs below.

The Company estimated the fair value of its common stock, Series C preferred stock, and Series C preferred warrants, which value was used in the determination of the value of warrants issued in connection with certain debt and preferred stock transactions and when measuring at the end of the reporting period. The Company considered the measurement of such liability-classified warrants in Level 3 due to significant unobservable inputs in this valuation.

The valuations were based on a combination of the income and market approach allocated to stockholders using an Option Pricing Model and applying a Discount for Lack of Marketability judgement based on the Finnerty put-option model. The key inputs to the valuation models that were utilized to estimate the fair value of the warrant liabilities included volatility, risk free rate, probability of subsequent funding, and discounts for lack of marketability.

These valuations were determined using a Probability Weighted Expected Return Method (PWERM) and a combination of several income and market approaches to determine the enterprise value of the Company. The enterprise value was adjusted for the probabilities of various scenarios/liquidity events that could have occurred and would have to create an overall weighted value of common stock as of each valuation date. Each liquidity scenario had unique probabilities based on the Company’s opinion, which was based on various discussions with potential investors, advisors, and market participants, which included unique facts and circumstances as of the valuation dates. The scenarios included early liquidation, a private merger and acquisition (“M&A”) transaction, staying a privately held company, and a special purpose acquisition company (“SPAC”) transaction/merger.

Each scenario was based on a different valuation methodology based on the unique risks, opportunities and a likely investor’s or market participant’s perspective. These included (a) Early liquidation: based on an Asset Approach using the existing equity value as of the valuation date; (b) Private M&A: based on a guideline transaction (market) approach using an assembled group of comparable transactions and trailing revenue metric/multiples; (c) Stay private: based on a discounted cash flow (income) approach using the Company’s non-SPAC forecast and a market-based discount rate; and (d) SPAC transaction: based on a guideline public company (market) approach using an assembled peer group of comparable companies and forward revenue metrics/multiples. Value was allocated to all outstanding securities through the PWERM using capitalization tables unique to each liquidity scenario.

The preliminary valuation was then discounted by applying a Discount for Lack of Marketability (“DLOM”) based on a Finnerty put-option model to determine a non-marketable, minority value of one share of common stock and one share of Series C preferred stock.

The Company’s non-financial assets, which primarily consist of property and equipment, are not required to be carried at fair value on a recurring basis and are reported at carrying value. However, on a periodic basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be fully recoverable, these along with other non-financial instruments are assessed for impairment and, if applicable, written down to and recorded at fair value.

Beneficial conversion features

The Company followed the beneficial conversion feature guidance in ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options, which applies to redeemable convertible preferred stock and convertible debt. A beneficial conversion feature is defined as a nondetachable conversion feature that is in the money at the commitment date.

The beneficial conversion feature guidance requires recognition of the conversion option’s in-the-money portion, the intrinsic value of the option, in equity, with an offsetting reduction to the carrying amount of the instrument. The resulting discount is amortized as interest over the life of the instrument. When there is a subsequent change to the conversion ratio

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based on a future occurrence, the new conversion price may trigger the recognition of an additional beneficial conversion feature on occurrence.

As a result of the Business Combination, the unamortized portion of the beneficial conversion feature was recorded to additional paid-in capital.

Stock-based compensation

The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, under which share based payments that involve the issuance of common stock to employees and non-employees and meet the criteria for equity-classified awards are recognized in the financial statements as share-based compensation expense based on the fair value on the date of grant. The Company issues stock option awards and restricted stock unit awards to employees and non-employees.

The Company utilizes the Black-Scholes model to determine the fair value of the stock option awards, which requires the input of subjective assumptions. These assumptions include estimating (a) the length of time grantees will retain their vested stock options before exercising them for employees and the contractual term of the option for non-employees (“expected term”), (b) the volatility of the Company’s common stock price over the expected term, (c) expected dividends, and (d) the fair value of a share of common stock prior to the Business Combination. After the closing of the Business Combination, the Company’s board of directors determined the fair value of each share of common stock underlying stock-based awards based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock as reported by the NYSE on the date of grant. The Company has elected to recognize the adjustment to share-based compensation expense in the period in which forfeitures occur.

The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model are management’s best estimates, but the estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment (see Note 11). As a result, if other assumptions had been used, the recorded share-based compensation expense could have been materially different from that recorded in the financial statements.

Warrants and Warrant liabilities

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company assumed the liability associated with the Gig warrants. The Company accounts for the warrants for shares of the Company’s common stock that are not indexed to its own stock as liabilities at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. The warrants are subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date and any change in fair value is recognized as a “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities” in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company will continue to adjust the liability for changes in fair value until the earlier of the exercise or expiration of the common stock warrants. At that time, the portion of the warrant liability related to the common stock warrants will be reclassified to “Additional paid-in capital”.

The Lightning Systems common and preferred warrants, prior to the Business Combination, were accounted for in accordance with the authoritative guidance which requires that free-standing financial instruments with certain cash settlement features and/or associated with redeemable convertible preferred stock, which is classified as temporary equity, to be recorded at the fair value of the warrants. All outstanding common (with the exception of certain warrants that were issued to vendors discussed below) and all preferred warrants are recorded as “warrant liabilities” based on their fair value on the date of the transaction. See the “Fair value” significant accounting policy for a description of the determination of fair value. Any changes in the fair value of these instruments are reported as “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities.”

Warrants are separated from the host contract and reported at fair value when the warrant is a freestanding financial instrument that may ultimately require the issuer to settle the obligation by transferring assets. Under certain circumstances, most notably in the case of a deemed liquidation, the warrants issued in conjunction with Lightning Systems’ debt and preferred stock transactions may have been ultimately required to be settled by a transfer of assets, and as a result the warrants are reported as liabilities at fair value each reporting period.

In February 2021, the Company granted common warrants to certain vendors for services provided prior to March 31, 2021. Refer to Note 10 – Capital Structure.

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As a result of the Business Combination, the remaining outstanding Lightning Systems warrants were converted to the Company’s common stock based on the Exchange Ratio.

Research and development

Research and development costs are primarily expensed when incurred and consist of personnel-related expenses including salaries, benefits, travel and stock-based compensation for personnel performing research and development activities; expenses related to materials, supplies and testing; and consulting and occupancy expenses. In addition, costs for certain property and equipment utilized for research and development are capitalized and depreciated to “Research and development” over the useful life of the asset based on the property and equipment policy discussed above.

Advertising

Advertising costs are expensed when incurred and are included in “Selling, general and administrative” expenses and total $128 and $22 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $244 and $51 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Derivative Liability

The Company accounts for the embedded conversion feature of the Convertible Note as a derivative liability. Pursuant to ASC 815-15, Derivatives and Hedging – Embedded Derivatives, the embedded conversion feature meets all three criteria to be bifurcated and accounted for separately from the host instrument, i.e., the Convertible Notes. Because this feature meets all criteria of a derivative instrument, it was accounted for and recorded as a derivative liability at fair value on the Company’s balance sheet with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of operations each reporting period.

Earnout Liability

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company recognized additional earnout shares as a liability. Pursuant to ASC 805, Business Combinations, the initial fair value of the earnout shares was recorded as a liability with the offset going to additional paid-in capital and with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of operations for each reporting period. The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the earnout liability measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	83,144	$	—
Initial recognition May 6, 2021	—		78,961
(Gain) Loss	(50,303)		12,376
Balance at end of period	$	32,841	$	91,337

Income taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax basis of other assets and liabilities. The Company provides for income taxes at the current and future enacted tax rates and laws applicable in each taxing jurisdiction. The Company uses a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and disclosures regarding uncertainties in income tax positions. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense in the consolidated statement of operations.

Earnings per share

Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) are computed by dividing net earnings (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS attributable to common shareholders is computed by adjusting net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding (if dilutive) during

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each period. Potential common shares include shares issuable upon exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock awards. Anti-dilutive securities are excluded from diluted EPS.

Recent accounting pronouncements issued and adopted

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. The ASU includes amendments to the guidance on convertible instruments and the derivative scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity and simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments which include beneficial conversion features or cash conversion features by removing certain separation models in ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options. Additionally, the ASU requires entities to use the “if-converted” method when calculating diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2022, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Recent accounting pronouncements issued not yet adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments and has since modified the standard with several ASUs (collectively, the “credit loss standard”). The credit loss standard requires a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. The credit loss standard took effect for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. As amended in ASU 2019-10, for smaller reporting companies, the credit loss standard will take effect for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of this ASU will require a cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated deficit as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective (that is, a modified-retrospective approach). The Company expects to adopt this standard on January 1, 2023, and is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its financial statements.

Note 3 – Reverse Recapitalization

On May 6, 2021, Gig consummated the Business Combination with Lightning Systems, with Lightning Systems surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gig. In connection with the Business Combination, certain Gig shareholders exercised their right to redeem certain of their outstanding shares for cash, resulting in the redemption of 5,816,664 shares of Gig common stock for gross redemption payments of $58,759. In addition, an investor purchased from the Company 2,500,000 shares of common stock (the “PIPE Shares”), for a purchase price of $10.00 per share and an aggregate purchase price of $25,000 pursuant to a separate subscription agreement dated as of December 10, 2020 (the “PIPE Financing”). The PIPE Financing investment closed simultaneously with the consummation of the Business Combination.

Upon the closing of the Business Combination, Gig’s certificate of incorporation was amended and restated to, among other things change the name of the corporation to Lightning eMotors, Inc. and to increase the total number of authorized shares of capital stock to 251,000,000, consisting of (a) 250,000,000 of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share and (b) 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

Immediately prior to the closing of the Business Combination, each issued and outstanding share of Lightning Systems redeemable, convertible preferred stock, was converted into shares of Lightning Systems common stock. This resulted in a conversion of 38,007,793 shares of Lightning Systems redeemable, convertible preferred stock into Lightning Systems common stock. Outstanding Lightning Systems short-term convertible notes were converted into an aggregate of 5,830,723 shares of Lightning Systems common stock. In addition, Lightning Systems had outstanding warrants that converted into 4,379,795 shares of Lightning Systems common stock.

Upon the closing of the Business Combination, Lightning Systems common stock issued and outstanding was canceled and converted into the right to receive Company common stock (the “Per Share Merger Consideration”) based on the Exchange Ratio. In addition, after closing and subject to the terms and conditions defined below, stockholders of the Company who have received, or are entitled to receive, any per share merger consideration (“Stockholder Earnout Group”) have the contingent right to receive an additional 16,463,096 shares of the Company’s common stock to be allocated on a pro rata basis among the members of the Stockholder Earnout Group. One-third of the earnout shares will be released to the Stockholder Earnout Group on a pro rata basis, if on or prior to the fifth anniversary of the closing date the volume

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weighted average price (“VWAP”) of the Company’s common stock equals or exceed $12.00 per share of twenty of any thirty consecutive trading days. One-third of the earnout shares will be released to the Stockholder Earnout Group on a pro rata basis if on or prior to the fifth anniversary of the closing date the VWAP of the Company’s common stock equals or exceed $14.00 per share of twenty of any thirty consecutive trading days. One-third of the earnout shares will be released to the Stockholder Earnout Group on a pro rata basis if on or prior to the fifth anniversary of the closing date the VWAP of the Company’s common stock equals or exceed $16.00 per share of twenty of any thirty consecutive trading days. If these conditions have not been satisfied following the fifth anniversary of the closing date, any stockholder earnout shares remaining will be canceled. As of June 30, 2022, none of the contingencies under this agreement have been met and, accordingly, no shares of common stock have been issued.

Outstanding stock options, whether vested or unvested, to purchase shares of Lightning Systems common stock under the 2019 Plan (see Note 11) converted into stock options for shares of the Company’s common stock upon the same terms and conditions that were in effect with respect to such stock options immediately prior to the Business Combination, after giving effect to the Exchange Ratio.

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP. Under this method, Gig was treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. See Note 1 for further details. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination was treated as the equivalent of Lightning Systems issuing stock for the net assets of Gig, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Gig are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or intangible assets recorded.

Prior to the Business Combination, Lightning Systems and Gig filed separate standalone federal, state and local income tax returns. As a result of the Business Combination, structured as a reverse acquisition for tax purposes, Lightning Systems became the parent of the consolidated filing group with Gig as a subsidiary.

Unless otherwise indicated, all of the Company’s common stock as well as previously issued stock options and redeemable convertible preferred stock presented in the accompanying retroactively revised consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity (deficit) or in the related notes are presented on an as- or as if-converted basis, converted at the Exchange Ratio of 0.9406 and presented as shares or awards of the Company’s common stock.

The number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately following the consummation of the Business Combination:

	Number of Shares
Common stock, outstanding prior to Business Combination	25,893,479
Less: redemption of Gig shares	(5,816,664)
Common stock Gig	20,076,815
Shares issued in PIPE Financing	2,500,000
Business Combination and PIPE Financing shares	22,576,815
Lightning Systems shares (1)	50,652,890
Total shares of common stock outstanding immediately after Business Combination	73,229,705

(1)The number of Lightning Systems shares were calculated using the Exchange Ratio contemplated in the Business Combination of approximately 0.9406.

Note 4 – Inventories

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, inventories consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Raw materials	$	17,992	$	10,802
Work in progress	1,703		2,979
Finished goods	5,472		840
Total inventories	$	25,167	$	14,621

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The Company reduced the cost of certain inventory to net realizable value and recorded cost reductions of $682 and $98 during the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $777 and $98 during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which were included in “Cost of revenues.”

Note 5 – Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Vendor deposits	$	2,878	$	2,720
Prepaid insurance	3,427		1,975
Other prepaid expenses	1,911		2,324
Other current assets	35		48
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	8,251	$	7,067

Note 6 – Property and Equipment

Cost and accumulated depreciation as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are as follows:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Machinery and equipment	$	2,877	$	1,755
Vehicles	3,258		1,754
Leasehold improvements	2,607		1,024
Computer equipment	668		298
Software	112		798
Furniture and fixtures	596		331
Capital projects in progress	1,585		957
Total cost	11,703		6,917
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(2,544)		(2,026)
Total property and equipment, net	$	9,159	$	4,891

Depreciation and amortization expense associated with property and equipment is as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cost of revenues	$	125	$	49	$	210	$	87
Research and development	16		—		108		—
Selling, general and administrative	247		174		426		263
Total depreciation and amortization expense	$	388	$	223	$	744	$	350

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Note 7 – Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Accrued professional services	$	1,554	$	1,645
Accrued interest	841		841
Accrued payroll and benefits	2,103		1,014
Other accrued expense	1,411		368
Warranty liability	1,212		994
Customer deposits	619		85
Deferred revenue	129		62
Current portion of finance lease obligation	175		36
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	8,044	$	5,045

Changes in warranty liability (included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities) were as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,191	$	511	$	994	$	455
Charge for the period	448		380		700		591
Utilized during the period	(427)		(163)		(482)		(318)
Balance at end of period	$	1,212	$	728	$	1,212	$	728

Note 8 – Notes Payable

Notes payable as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Convertible Note	$	87,863	$	87,863
Facility	3,000		3,000
Total debt principal	90,863		90,863
Unamortized debt discount - Convertible Note	(22,649)		(27,055)
Unamortized debt discount - Facility	(33)		(40)
Total long-term debt	$	68,181	$	63,768

Convertible Note

In conjunction with the Business Combination, the Company entered into the 7.5% $100,000 Convertible Note and paid issuance costs of $5,000. The Convertible Note has a maturity date of May 15, 2024 and has semi-annual interest payments due May 15 and November 15 of each year starting on November 15, 2021. The Convertible Note has a conversion feature at a conversion price of $11.50 and warrants to purchase up to 8,695,641 shares of common stock for a per share price of $11.50. The Convertible Note has a mandatory conversion option that: a) is exercisable at the option of the Company on or after May 15, 2022; b) occurs when the Company’s stock price (1) is greater than 120% of the conversion price of $11.50, or $13.80 for 20 trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days and (2) the 30-day average daily trading volume during the applicable exercise period, i.e., consecutive 30 trading day period, is greater than or equal to $3,000; and c) the Company will make payments in accordance with the interest make-whole (defined below) amount in cash or issuance of additional shares of the Company’s common stock.

The interest make-whole amount means, with respect to the conversion of the Convertible Note, in an amount denominated in U.S. dollars, the sum of all regularly scheduled interest payments, if any, due on such Convertible Note on each interest payment date occurring after the conversion date for such conversion and on or before the maturity date; provided,

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however, that (A) for these purposes, the amount of interest due on the interest payment date immediately after such conversion date will be deemed to be the following amount: (x) if such conversion date is prior to January 15, 2023, an amount equal to twelve months of interest and (y) if such conversion date is on or after January 15, 2023, any accrued and unpaid interest, if any, at such conversion date, plus any remaining amounts that would be owed to, but excluding, the maturity date in respect of such Convertible Note, including all regularly scheduled interest payments; and (B) if such conversion date occurs after the Company has sent a mandatory conversion notice, then the interest make-whole amount for such conversion shall be the sum of all regularly scheduled interest payments, if any, due on such Convertible Note on each interest payment date occurring after the conversion date for such conversion to, but excluding, the maturity date.

If the Company incurs other unpermitted indebtedness, it is required to redeem the Convertible Notes in full including outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest, plus (a) a prepayment premium equal to twelve months of interest on the principal amount of the Convertible Notes if such indebtedness event occurred prior to January 15, 2023; or (b) a prepayment premium equal to the amount of interest which would have accrued on the Convertible Notes through maturity (the “Redemption Feature”). In addition, the Company is required to issue to the holders a fixed number of warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock. The fixed number of warrants will be based on the principal balance of the Convertible Notes, divided by $11.50 (“Redemption Warrants”). The Redemption Warrants will be exercisable from the date of repayment of the Convertible Notes through the original maturity date of the Convertible Notes.

If the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock is increased by a stock split or other similar event, the number of shares issuable on exercise of each warrant shall be increased proportionately and the exercise price shall be decreased proportionately. Consequently, if the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock is decreased by a reverse stock split, consolidation, combination or reclassification of shares of Common Stock or other similar event, the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on exercise of each warrant shall be decreased proportionately and the exercise price shall be increased proportionately.

The Company has identified certain embedded derivatives related to its Convertible Note. Since the Convertible Note has a conversion feature whereby the principal amount will convert into a variable number of shares based on the future trading price of the Company’s common stock, the conversion feature is recorded as a derivative liability. Therefore, the fair value of the convertible feature at inception on May 6, 2021 in the amount of $17,063 was recorded as a debt discount and an addition to “Derivative liability” on the consolidated balance sheets. The derivative liability is adjusted to fair value each reporting period, with the changes in fair value reported in “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of derivative liability” on the consolidated statements of operations.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the convertible note derivative liability measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	17,418	$	—
Initial recognition May 6, 2021	—		17,063
(Gain) Loss	(12,642)		4,267
Balance at end of period	$	4,776	$	21,330

The Convertible Note warrants are considered free-standing instruments and meet the criteria for equity classification because they are indexed to the Company’s own stock and provide a fixed number of shares. Therefore, the fair value of the Convertible Note warrants on May 6, 2021 in the amount of $14,522 was recorded as a debt discount and an addition to “Additional paid-in capital” on the consolidated balance sheets.

Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $3,938 and $2,307, respectively, of which $1,647 and $1,089, respectively, related to contractual interest expense and $2,291 and $1,218, respectively, related to amortization of the discount. Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $7,701 and $2,307, of which $3,295 and $1,089, respectively, related to contractual interest expense and $4,406 and $1,218, respectively, related to amortization of the discount.

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Facility

In October 2019, the Company entered into the Facility with a company represented on the Board of Lightning Systems. Upon consummation of the Business Combination, the company holding the Facility was no longer represented on the Board of Directors, (“ the Board”). The Facility provides for both term and working capital loans for borrowings up to $9,000 as of June 30, 2022. However, the Company’s Convertible Note requirements limit the Company’s permitted indebtedness to $5,000. Interest is payable quarterly on borrowings at a fixed annual rate of 15%. Borrowings under the Facility are secured by substantially all the Company’s assets, are subject to borrowing base limitations, and require the Company to meet certain covenants. The Facility borrowings, with a maturity date of October 21, 2024, were $3,000 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Interest expense related to the Facility was $115 and $435 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $229 and $1,061 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

In connection with entering into this Facility, the Company issued warrants in 2020 and 2019, exercisable into 60,241 and 301,205, respectively, shares of Series C preferred stock at the conversion price of $1.66 per share. At the time of issuance, the Company estimated the fair value of the warrants at $6 and $66, respectively, and recorded a debt discount, which is being recognized over the life of the Facility borrowings, and a warrant liability, which was adjusted to fair value each reporting period, with the changes in fair value reported as a component of “Other income, net.” As a result of the Business Combination, the warrants were converted to common stock based on the Exchange Ratio.

Related and Third-party 2020 short-term convertible notes payable

In August and September 2020, the Company borrowed $9,679 in the aggregate under convertible note purchase agreements from third parties ($6,454) and related parties ($3,225). The related parties included officers, a director, and individuals whose companies were represented on the Board of Lightning Systems. These convertible notes bore interest at 8%. Interest was payable monthly, with principal and unpaid interest due June 30, 2021. The notes were convertible into 5,830,723 Series C redeemable convertible preferred shares at the conversion price of $1.66 per share. These notes were subordinate to the Facility and third-party unsecured facility agreement.

The 2020 short-term notes were convertible into shares of Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock upon 1) a change in control having a value in excess of $200,000; 2) a debt or equity financing with aggregated gross proceeds in excess of $10,000; or 3) at maturity. Should the notes be converted at maturity, the debt holders would receive a beneficial conversion feature allowing the conversion at 75% of the lowest issue price. The Company recorded the beneficial conversion feature at its intrinsic value of $3,071. This was recorded as a debt discount and an addition to “Additional paid-in capital”. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, amortization of the debt discount of $315 and $1,296, respectively, was recorded to “Interest expense”.

As a result of the Business Combination, these convertible notes were converted to Series C redeemable convertible stock which converted into common stock based on the Exchange Ratio with the balance of $9,679 recorded to “Additional paid-in capital”. In addition, the accrued interest through the date of the closing of the Business Combination was forgiven.

Third party unsecured facility agreement

In March 2015, the Company borrowed $1,500 under an unsecured facility agreement. As a result of the Business Combination, the amount outstanding was paid in full.

Related party 2020 convertible notes payable

In February 2020, the Company borrowed $3,000 under two convertible note payable agreements from companies represented on the Board of Lightning Systems. Theses convertible notes bore interest at 8% and were subject to certain covenants. In May 2020, these notes were subject to a mandatory redemption in connection with a qualified equity offering of $3,000, resulting in a conversion into 2,118,819 shares of Series C preferred stock at a weighted average conversion price of $1.42 per share. The mandatory redemption was treated as a debt extinguishment for accounting purposes. To record the extinguishment, the fair value of consideration received and debt relieved was compared to the fair value of consideration paid and equity instruments issued. The fair value of consideration received was greater than the consideration paid. The excess fair value of $1,844 was recorded as a contribution to “Additional paid-in capital”.

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In connection with the redemption, the Company issued short and long-term warrants, exercisable into 3,614,457 and 831,326, respectively, shares of Series C preferred stock at the conversion price of $1.66 per share. The Company estimated the fair value of the warrants at $336. The change in fair value was reported within “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities.” As a result of the Business Combination, the warrants were converted to common stock based on the Exchange Ratio.

Third-party secured promissory note

In February 2021, the Company borrowed $3,000 by entering into a promissory note with a third-party lender. The note was secured by substantially all the Company’s assets and bore an annual interest rate of 20%, of which 10% was to be paid in cash and 10% was to be paid-in-kind by adding such interest to the principal balance. Interest was to be paid quarterly beginning on April 30, 2021 until the earliest of the following events to occur: the maturity date of February 19, 2022; or 14 days after the closing of the Business Combination. The promissory note was paid upon the closing of the Business Combination.

Debt maturities

The total balance of all debt matures as follows:

Period Ending December 31,	Amount
2022 (remainder of the year)	$	—
2023	—
2024	90,863
Thereafter	—
Total	$	90,863

Note 9 – Leases

A contract is or contains a lease when, (1) the contract contains an explicitly or implicitly identified asset and (2) the customer obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of that underlying asset and directs how and for what purpose the asset is used during the term of the contract in exchange for consideration. The Company assesses whether an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception of the contract. For all leases, other than those that qualify for the short-term recognition exemption, the Company recognizes as of the lease commencement date on the balance sheet a liability for its obligation related to the lease and a corresponding asset representing the Company’s right to use the underlying asset over the period of use.

The Company leases its manufacturing center, distribution center, and office space (collectively “Operating Facility”) and certain information technology (“IT”) equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. The Company also leases equipment utilized in the manufacturing process under non-cancelable financing leases. These financing leases include either a bargain purchase option or the equipment reverts ownership to the Company at the end of the lease term.

The Company assesses the expected lease term at lease inception and discounts the lease using a fully-secured, annual incremental borrowing rate (or rate implicit in the lease, if readily determinable), adjusted for time value corresponding with the expected lease term. The Company elected, for all classes of underlying assets, to not apply the balance sheet recognition requirements of ASC 842, Leases, to leases with a term of one year or less, and instead, recognize the lease payments in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company also elected, for certain classes of underlying assets, to combine lease and non-lease components. The Company elected to combine lease and non-lease components for its Operating Facility, IT equipment and manufacturing equipment leases.

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Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Operating		Finance		Operating		Finance
Assets
Right-of-use assets, net (1)	$	8,344	$	970	$	8,742	$	208
Liabilities
Lease obligation - current portion (2)	$	1,432	$	175	$	1,166	$	36
Lease obligation - long-term portion (3)	8,594		709		9,260		159
Total lease obligations	$	10,026	$	884	$	10,426	$	195
Weighted average remaining lease terms (in years)	4.7		5.3		5.2		5.0
Weighted average discount rate	15%		4%		15%		4%

(1)Finance right-of-use assets, net are included in “Other assets” on the consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Finance lease obligation – current portion is included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Finance lease obligation – long-term portion is included in “Other long-term liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s lease cost is presented below. The Company does not have any short-term leases or leases with variable lease payments. The financing lease cost for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was immaterial.

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Operating Lease Cost
Cost of revenues	$	261	$	156	$	522	$	289
Research and development	77		35		155		70
Selling, general and administrative	319		505		627		926
Total operating lease cost	$	657	$	696	$	1,304	$	1,285

The maturities of the Company’s lease liabilities are as follows:

	June 30, 2022
	Operating		Finance
2022 (remainder of year)	$	1,357	$	103
2023	2,912		205
2024	2,997		205
2025	3,043		160
2026	3,105		128
Thereafter	518		166
Total future minimum lease payments	13,932		967
Less: imputed interest	(3,906)		(83)
Total maturities	$	10,026	$	884

Note 10 – Capital Structure

For the purpose of this Note 10, the “Warrants” relate to the capital structure of the Company as a result of the Business Combination while the “Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock – Lightning Systems”, “Warrant Liabilities – Lightning Systems” and “Warrants issued to vendors” relate to the redeemable convertible preferred stock and warrants issued by Lightning Systems that were converted to common stock of the Company as of the date of the Business Combination.

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Warrants

As of June 30, 2022, there are 24,365,719 warrants outstanding, of which 14,999,970 are public warrants, 8,695,641 are Convertible Note warrants and 670,108 are private placement warrants. Each whole warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as discussed below. Only whole warrants are exercisable. The warrants will expire at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on May 26, 2026, the fifth anniversary of the completion of the Company’s Business Combination, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.

The private placement warrants are identical to the public warrants except that such private placement warrants will be exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, and will not be redeemable by the Company, in each case so long as they are still held by the sponsor or its affiliates.

Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding warrants (excluding the private placement warrants):

•in whole and not in part;

•at a price of $0.01 per warrant;

•upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, which the Company refers to as the 30-day redemption period; and

•if, and only if, the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders.

The fair value of the private placement warrants on May 6, 2021 in the amount of $1,253 was recorded as a “Warrant liability” and a reduction to “Additional paid-in capital” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The change in fair value at each reporting date was recognized in “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The fair value of the Convertible Note warrants on May 6, 2021 in the amount of $14,522 was recorded as a debt discount and an addition to “Additional paid-in capital” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock – Lightning Systems

Series A, B and C redeemable convertible preferred shares were eligible for a cumulative annual simple return of 8% (the “preferred return”) on amounts paid to purchase their preferred shares upon a liquidation, winding up or dissolution of Lightning Systems, or if declared by the Board. No preferred dividends had been declared.

Lightning Systems’ preferred shares were not redeemable at the option of the holders. However, the holders of preferred shares could request that Lightning Systems redeem all outstanding preferred shares in accordance with their liquidation preferences in the event of a deemed liquidation in which Lightning Systems did not effect a dissolution of Lightning Systems under Delaware General Corporation Law within 90 days after such deemed liquidation event. Deemed liquidation events are defined to include (i) a merger or consolidation in which Lightning Systems is a constituent party, (ii) sale, lease, exclusive license or other disposition or the sale or disposition of substantially all of Lightning Systems’ assets, or (iii) a “change in control” transaction in which then-current stockholders’ controlled less than 50% of the voting power of the entity resulting from the transaction. Accordingly, these shares were considered contingently redeemable and were classified as temporary equity.

In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Lightning Systems, any remaining assets of Lightning Systems were to be distributed as follows: (i) first, to holders of Series C preferred shares, an amount equivalent to 1.25 times the original purchase price per share plus the accrued but unpaid preferred return per share; (ii) second, to holders of Series B preferred shares, an amount equivalent to 1.25 times the original purchase price per share plus the preferred accrued but unpaid return per share; (iii) third, to holders of Series A preferred shares, an amount equivalent to 1.00 times the original purchase price per share plus the accrued but unpaid preferred return per share; and (iv) any remaining assets after satisfying the required distributions to preferred stockholders are distributed pro rata among preferred and common stockholders on an if-converted basis.

Series A, B and C preferred shares were to be convertible into common shares at any time at the option of the holder, and are automatically converted into common shares upon the affirmative election of more than 70% of the Series B and Series

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C preferred stockholders, or upon the closing of a sale of common shares in an initial public offering (“IPO”) with gross proceeds to Lightning Systems of $50,000 or more accompanied by a listing of such common shares on the Nasdaq’s National Market, the New York Stock Exchange, or another exchange approved by the Board.

See Note 8 for a description of the convertible debt conversion transactions and warrant liabilities under this Note 10 regarding warrants issued in connection with the preferred share purchases.

In connection with the 2019 Series C preferred stock issued for cash, Lightning Systems issued warrants, exercisable into 702,811 shares of Series C preferred stock at the conversion price of $1.66 per share. Lightning Systems estimated the fair value of the warrants at $155 and recorded a warrant liability, which is reported at fair value at each reporting period, with the change in fair value reported as “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities.”

In connection with the 2020 Series C preferred stock issued in connection with the redemption of related party 2020 convertible notes payable of $3,000 and cash of $3,000, Lightning Systems issued warrants, exercisable into 4,445,783 shares of Series C preferred stock at the weighted average conversion price of $1.42 per share. Lightning Systems estimated the fair value of the warrants at $336 and recorded a warrant liability, which is reported at fair value at each reporting period, with the change in fair value reported as “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities.”

As a result of the Business Combination, the preferred Series A, B and C shares were converted to common stock based on the Exchange Ratio. As a result, the balances of $18,036, $4,101 and $35,203, respectively, were charged to “Addition paid-in capital”.

Warrant Liabilities – Lightning Systems

Lightning Systems issued warrants that enabled the holder to exercise in exchange for common shares or Series C preferred shares. The warrant agreements were reissued on December 31, 2019 upon Lightning Systems’ conversion from an LLC partnership to a C corporation. All terms remained identical. See Note 8 and under the section redeemable convertible preferred stock of this Note 10 for descriptions of the underlying transactions.

Series C warrants were exercisable by the holder at any time at the stated exercise price, which price is subject to adjustment to provide anti-dilution protection to the holder. Upon the closing of an initial public offering, or a merger, sale or other transaction involving substantially all of the assets of Lightning Systems (a “Deemed Liquidation”) the holder may require Lightning Systems to purchase any unexercised warrants at net value equal to the difference between the exercise price of the warrant and the proceeds the holder would have otherwise received as a result of the Deemed Liquidation or initial public offering. Lightning Systems had no obligation to file for registration of the shares issuable upon exercise of the warrant under the Securities Act. No fractional shares would be issued upon exercise. If upon exercise, the holder would be entitled to a fractional share, the number of shares issued upon exercise would be rounded to the nearest whole share and the difference settled in cash.

As described above in the redeemable convertible preferred stock section of this Note 10, during the three months ended March 31, 2021 one of the preferred warrant holders exercised their warrants to purchase 903,614 shares of Series C preferred stock at an exercise price of $1.66 for cash proceeds of $1,500. At the time of the exercise, the fair value of the warrants was deemed to be $5.87-$5.90 per warrant. In connection with the exercise, the warrant liability was reduced by $5,310 with the offset recorded to Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock in addition to the cash proceeds received. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, one of the preferred warrant holders exercised their warrants to purchase 963,855 shares of Series C preferred stock at an exercise price of $1.66 for cash proceeds of $1,600. At the time of the exercise, the fair value of the warrants was deemed to be $5.87-$5.90 per warrant. In connection with the exercise, the warrant liability was reduced by $5,658 with the offset recorded to Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock in addition to the cash proceeds received.

Warrants issued to vendors – Lightning Systems

In February 2021, the Board of Directors of Lightning Systems authorized the grant of 125,000 warrants to purchase common stock of Lightning Systems to three vendors who provided various sales and marketing related services prior to March 31, 2021. The warrants were immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $6.18 per share and had a contractual life of five years but required conversion upon the completion of the Business Combination. The fair value of the warrants was deemed to be $3.46 on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following inputs: value of common share $6.18; exercise price of $6.18 per share; 5 year term; risk-free interest rate of 0.62%; and volatility of

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68%. As the warrants were issued for services already provided, the value of the warrants of $433 was expensed to “Selling, general and administrative” expense, and offset to “Additional paid-in capital” as the warrants were deemed to be equity instruments under ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. As a result of the Business Combination, the outstanding warrants issued to these vendors were converted to common stock.

The following table presents information for the Common and Series C preferred warrants, that have been converted to common stock as a result of the Business Combination, and outstanding Gig private warrants that were assumed in the Business Combination:

	Number of Warrants	Warrant Fair Value		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life
Warrants to purchase common stock
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 (1)	610,202	$	2,270	$	0.27	3.3
Exercise of common warrants (1)	(69,232)	(489)		0.27		—
Change in fair value	—	3,102		—		—
Issued in connection with the Business Combination as common stock - charged to APIC	(540,970)	(4,883)		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2021	—	—		—		—
Warrants to purchase Series C preferred stock
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 (1)	5,938,193	$	18,885	$	1.76	2.7
Exercise of warrants to purchase redeemable convertible preferred stock (1)	(1,756,526)	(10,968)		1.76		—
Change in fair value	—	24,779		—		—
Issued in connection with the Business Combination as common stock - charged to APIC	(4,181,667)	(32,696)		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2021	—	—		—		—
Private warrants assumed through Business Combination
Outstanding at December 31, 2020	—	$	—	$	—	—
Warrants assumed	670,108	1,253		11.50		5.0
Change in fair value	—	255		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2021	670,108	1,508		11.50		4.9
Outstanding — December 31, 2021	670,108	$	2,185	$	11.50	4.3
Change in fair value	—	(1,314)		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2022	670,108	871		11.50		3.9

(1)Warrant amounts have been retroactively restated to give effect to the recapitalization transaction.

Note 11 – Stock-Based Compensation

2021 Equity Incentive Plan

In connection with the Business Combination, the stockholders approved the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”). The 2021 Plan provides the Company the ability to grant incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units, performance units, performance shares, cash-based awards and other stock-based awards. The purpose of the 2021 Plan is to advance the interests of the Company and its stockholders by providing an incentive to attract, retain and reward persons for performing services and by motivating such persons to contribute to the growth and profitability of the Company and its subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2022, there were 17,794,239 shares reserved and 13,483,440 shares available for grant under the 2021 Plan.

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2019 Equity Incentive Plan

The 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (“2019 Plan”) provided for the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, and other awards. As a result of the Business Combination, the 2019 Plan was superseded by the 2021 Plan; therefore, no further awards will be granted under the 2019 Plan. As of June 30, 2022, there were 2,416,881 stock options previously granted and unexercised under the 2019 Plan, which remain subject to the terms and conditions of the 2019 Plan.

Compensation Expense

To date, the Company has issued stock option and restricted stock unit (“RSU”) awards. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the awards issued at the date of grant and amortized on a straight-line basis as the employee renders services over the requisite service period. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur by reversing the expense previously recognized for non-vested awards that were forfeited during the period. The following table presents the stock-based compensation related to stock option and RSU awards for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Stock options expense
Cost of revenues	$	5	$	8	$	10	$	13
Research and development	10		16		19		22
Selling, general and administrative	192		104		384		161
Total stock options expense	$	207	$	128	$	413	$	196
Restricted stock units expense
Cost of revenues	$	53	$	—	$	107	$	—
Research and development	33		—		79		—
Selling, general and administrative	1,143		—		1,809		—
Total restricted stock units expense	$	1,229	$	—	$	1,995	$	—
Total stock-based compensation	$	1,436	$	128	$	2,408	$	196

The estimated unrecognized expense for stock options and RSUs not vested as of June 30, 2022, which will be recognized over the remaining requisite service period, is as follows:

Stock options unrecognized expense	$	2,834
Stock options weighted-average remaining requisite service period (in years)	2.4
Restricted stock units unrecognized expense	$	13,191
Restricted stock units weighted-average remaining requisite service period (in years)	2.9

Stock Option Awards

Stock option awards are issued to employees with an exercise price equal to the estimated fair market value per share at the date of grant and a term of 10 years. Stock option awards generally vest over 4 years. It is the Company’s policy to issue

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new shares upon option exercise. Changes in the Company’s stock options for the six months ended June 30, 2022 are presented in the table below.

	Number of Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years)
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	3,209,517	$	1.66
Granted	520,834	3.92
Exercised	(305,004)	0.40
Forfeited	(37,920)	0.22
Expired	(2,645)	0.34
Outstanding at June 30, 2022	3,384,782	2.14		$	5,524	7.6
Vested and exercisable at June 30, 2022	1,411,811	1.11		3,117		6.3

Changes in the status of the Company’s non-vested share awards for the six months ended June 30, 2022 are presented in the table below.

	Non-vested Shares Under Option	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Non-vested at January 1, 2022	2,137,050	$	1.21
Granted	520,834	2.33
Vested	(646,993)	1.13
Forfeited	(37,920)	0.17
Non-vested at June 30, 2022	1,972,971	1.52

The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised were $1,056 and $3,434 during the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $1,162 and $3,951 during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

A Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions was utilized to determine the fair value of options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022
Expected volatility	61.0%
Dividend yield	0%
Risk-free interest rate	2.95%
Expected term (in years)	6.25

The expected volatility was derived from the volatility of historical stock prices of similar publicly traded companies. The dividend yield represents the Company’s anticipated cash dividend over the expected term of the stock options. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve rates with maturities consistent with the expected term of the related stock options. The expected term represents the period of time that the Company anticipates the stock options to be outstanding based on historical experience and future expectations.

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Restricted Stock Unit Awards

The Company grants RSU awards to employees that generally vest over 3 years. RSU awards are valued based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.

	Number of RSUs	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	935,148	$	7.59
Granted	2,341,110	4.02
Released	(270,484)	6.98
Forfeited	(39,140)	8.11
Outstanding at June 30, 2022	2,966,634	4.82

Other Employee Benefits - 401(k) Savings Plan

The Company has an employee-directed 401(k) savings plan (the “401(k) Plan”) for all eligible employees over the age of 21. Under the 401(k) Plan, employees may make voluntary contributions based on a percentage of their pretax income, subject to statutory limitations. The Company matches 100% for the first 3% of each employee’s contribution and 50% for the next 2% of each employee’s contribution. The Company’s cash contributions are fully vested upon the date of match. The Company made matching cash contributions of $200 and $83 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $365 and $143 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Note 12 – Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes is recorded at the end of each interim period based on the Company’s best estimate of its effective income tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year. There is no provision for income taxes because the Company has incurred taxable losses since inception. The Company’s effective income tax rate was 0% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and the realization of any deferred tax assets is not more likely than not.

Note 13 – Earnings (Loss) per Common Share

Basic income or loss per common share is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income or loss per common share is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, plus the issuance of potentially dilutive common shares that could result from the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants, vesting of restricted stock and conversion of convertible notes. No potentially dilutive common shares are included in the computation of any diluted per share amount when a loss is reported, which was the case for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. The Company applied the treasury stock method to account for the dilutive impact of its options, warrants and restricted stock units and the if-converted method for its Convertible Note.

The following table reconciles the earnings (loss) and number of common shares used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per common share attributable to the Company’s shareholders:

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	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Basic earnings per common share:
Net income (loss) - basic	$	35,738	$	(46,058)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)
Weighted shares outstanding - basic	75,408,116		58,560,928		75,268,854		45,924,405
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	0.47	$	(0.79)	$	0.33	$	(1.60)
Diluted earnings per common share:
Net income (loss) - basic	$	35,738	$	(46,058)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)
Add: Convertible Note interest expense, net of tax	3,938				7,701
Reverse: Change in fair value of derivative liability	(10,087)				(12,642)
Net income (loss) - diluted	$	29,589	$	(46,058)	$	20,041	$	(73,494)
Weighted shares outstanding - basic	75,408,116		58,560,928		75,268,854		45,924,405
Add: Dilutive effects of stock options and restricted stock units	2,161,848				2,372,201
Add: Dilutive effects of if-converted Convertible Note	7,640,246				7,640,246
Weighted shares outstanding - diluted	85,210,210		58,560,928		85,281,301		45,924,405
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	0.35	$	(0.79)	$	0.23	$	(1.60)

The Company excluded the following potential common shares from the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share for the periods indicated below because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect. The Company also excluded the earnout shares as they are not currently issued and outstanding and will not be issued until satisfaction of the applicable stock price levels as described in Note 3. As a result of the Business Combination, the underlying shares have been retroactively restated to give effect to the recapitalization based on the Exchange Ratio.

	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022	2021	2022	2021
Convertible notes payable	—	8,695,652	—	8,695,652
Outstanding warrants	24,365,719	24,365,719	24,365,719	24,365,719
Stock options	946,560	3,500,121	946,560	3,500,121
Restricted stock units	915,322	—	799,823	—
Total anti-dilutive stock	26,227,601	36,561,492	26,112,102	36,561,492

Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies

Firm Purchase and Other Commitments

The Company is party to firm purchase commitments with some of its suppliers. A firm purchase commitment represents an agreement that specifies all significant terms, including price and timing of the transactions, and includes a disincentive for non-performance that is sufficiently large to make performance probable. This disincentive is generally in the form of a take-or-pay provision, which requires the Company to pay for committed volumes regardless of whether the Company actually acquires the materials. The Company evaluates these agreements and records a loss, if any, on firm purchase commitments using the same lower of cost or market approach as that used to value inventory.

The Company is currently in negotiations with certain suppliers to either blend and extend or terminate some of its future commitments due to supply chain constraints and cost increases for both parties. A significant portion of the Company’s 2023, 2024 and 2025 commitment is associated with an agreement that contractually requires re-negotiation due to significant increases in inflation. The Company has not recognized any losses associated with future penalties, as it is more likely than not that that the Company will not have to pay penalties resulting from not meeting these firm commitments.

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However, if negotiations are not successful, the Company may incur losses in future periods.

The Company also has other commitments, including marketing and software subscription agreements and equipment leases. The equipment leases included here only relate to leases for which the equipment had not yet been delivered to the Company as of June 30, 2022. Since the Company did not receive the equipment, the related right-of-use asset and lease liability were not recognized as of June 30, 2022. However, the Company was still committed to the financing arrangement. All other financial commitments under leasing arrangements are described in Note 9.

The amounts in the table below represent the Company’s future minimum commitments.

	As of June 30, 2022
	Firm Purchase		Other		Total
2022 (remainder of the year)	$	15,448	$	313	$	15,761
2023	79,191		500		79,691
2024	57,620		125		57,745
2025	82,000		25		82,025
2026	—		25		25
Thereafter	—		12		12
Total	$	234,259	$	1,000	$	235,259

Legal Proceedings

Aside from these proceedings described below, the Company may be involved in legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business from time to time. While the Company believes that such matters are currently not material, there can be no assurance that matters arising in the ordinary course of business for which the Company is or could become involved in litigation will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations. The Company records an accrual for legal contingencies when it determines that it is probable that it has incurred a liability and it can reasonably estimate the amount of the loss.

On August 4, 2021, a purported stockholder of the Company filed a putative class action complaint in the Delaware Chancery Court, captioned Delman v. GigCapitalAcquisitions3, LLC, et al. (Case No. 2021-0679) on behalf of a purported class of stockholders. The lawsuit names GigCapitalAcquisitions3, LLC and the Company’s former directors Dr. Katz, Dr. Dinu, and Messrs. Betti-Berutto, Mikulsky, Miotto and Wang, as defendants. The lawsuit alleges that the defendants breached their fiduciary duty stemming from Gig’s merger with Lightning Systems and unjust enrichment of certain of the defendants. The lawsuit seeks, among other relief, unspecified damages, redemption rights, and attorneys’ fees. Neither the Company nor any of its current officers or directors are parties to the lawsuit. The Company’s former directors are subject to certain indemnification obligations of the Company.

In addition, on October 15, 2021, the Company and certain of its officers were named as defendants in a putative securities class action. The action is pending in the U.S. District Court for the District of Colorado, and is captioned Shafer v. Lightning eMotors, Inc., et al., Case No. 1:21-cv02774. The lawsuit alleges violations of Sections 10(b), Section 14(a) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder for purported false or misleading statements regarding the Company’s business operations and financial condition. A related lawsuit captioned Cohen v. Lightning eMotors, Inc., et al., Case No. 1:21-cv-03215, was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado on December 1, 2021. On December 17, 2021, the Cohen lawsuit was consolidated with the Shafer lawsuit. On April 22, 2022, the court appointed a lead plaintiff in the consolidated lawsuit. The lead plaintiff’s filed a consolidated complaint on May 20, 2022. On July 13, 2022, the Company and the other defendants filed a motion to dismiss the class action. The plaintiffs seek damages in an unspecified amount, attorneys’ fees, and other remedies. The Company believes the allegations are without merit and intends to defend vigorously against such allegations.

The Company has received a subpoena from the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) requesting certain information about the Company’s business (including historical and projected performance, among other things) as part of a non-public fact-finding investigation. The Company is cooperating fully with the SEC’s investigation. The SEC has informed the Company that its investigation and subpoena does not mean that the SEC has concluded that anyone has violated the law, or that it has a negative opinion of any person, entity or security. At this point, the Company cannot predict the eventual scope, duration, or outcome of this matter.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion of Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

References to “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” are to Lightning eMotors, Inc., together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, except where the context requires otherwise. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2022.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our or our management team’s expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions, or strategies regarding the future. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.

The forward-looking statements contained in this report are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to the risks described in our annual report on Form 10-K, including, but not limited to: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the overall economy and our results of operations; our ability to become profitable; our ability to disrupt the commercial vehicle medium-duty powertrain market; our ability to control costs of our operations; our ability to obtain sufficient supplies of chassis, motors, batteries and other critical components for the manufacture of our vehicles and powertrains; an increase in the cost of raw materials due to inflation; the number of orders placed by our commercial fleet customers; our ability to raise additional funds; the market acceptance of our products; the availability of government grants, loans or other incentives; the ability of our solutions to reduce carbon intensity and greenhouse gas emissions and other risks and uncertainties.

Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by law.

Overview

We are a leading electrification solutions provider committed to enabling the eradication of commercial vehicle emissions, one of the top contributors of greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We design and manufacture zero-emission vehicles, or ZEVs, including battery electric and fuel cell electric vehicles, and charging infrastructure solutions for commercial fleets, large enterprises, original equipment manufacturers and governments. Our product offerings range from Class 3-5 cargo and passenger vehicles and school buses, Class 5 and 6 work trucks and buses and Class 7 city buses and motorcoaches. Our ongoing focus has been on providing a broad range of ZEV platforms and charging solutions to help fleets reduce emissions, lower operating costs and improve energy efficiency.

We started in 2008 as a manufacturer of hybrid systems for commercial vehicles, and in 2017, customer feedback led us to understand that hybrid systems did not adequately address the growing issue of urban air pollution from commercial vehicle fleets. In 2017, we redirected our efforts to focus exclusively on the attractive market opportunity in ZEVs. We leveraged nearly 10 years of extensive knowledge and production infrastructure from developing and implementing hybrid commercial vehicles to successfully adapt to ZEVs. To date, all of our platforms have been fully certified as ZEVs by the California Air Resource Board, the clean air agency that defines vehicle emission standards. We currently maintain nine Executive Orders, which are required to sell ZEVs in California as well as various other states. As of July 31, 2022, we had approximately 300 vehicles on the road with over 2 million miles driven.

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We believe we are the only full-range manufacturer of Class 3 to 7 BEV and FCEV in the United States, and we provide end-to-end electrification solutions, including advanced analytics software and mobile charging solutions. We combine an internally developed optimized modular software, which can be used in multiple platforms and applications, with hardware designs, that we believe, allows us to address a diverse range of opportunities in the markets in which we operate in a cost-effective manner with a significant time-to-market advantage. Our manufacturing facility has the capacity to produce 1,500 ZEVs per year on one eight-hour shift. The same facility and equipment can produce 3,000 ZEVs annually by increasing labor to two eight-hour shifts. We believe that with full utilization of our facilities combined with our ability to lease more space on our current campus, and with our OEM customers’ installation capacities, we will have the capacity to scale production to 20,000 vehicles and powertrains per year. Over the long term, we believe that we will be able to leverage our significant investment in manufacturing capacity to increase production output, leverage our fixed overhead and improve profitability from the sale of our products. In addition, we have also built an ecosystem of supply-chain partners and specialty vehicle partners which are instrumental to our growth.

Recent Developments

During the three months ended June 30, 2022, we produced 69 ZEVs, of which 5 are for our internal use, and 5 powertrains; and we sold 31 ZEVs and 5 powertrains. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we produced 144 ZEVs, of which 8 are for our internal use, and 5 powertrains; and we sold 99 ZEVs and 5 powertrains. We produced more ZEVs than we sold during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 due to customer financing delays. We are continuing to expand our product offerings and seek applications for our modular software and hardware. Using our modular customization strategy, we are able to adapt relatively quickly to new customers’ needs, vehicle configurations or uses.

In March 2022, we expanded our partnership with Forest River to offer a factory-certified all-electric repower program for shuttle buses and passenger vans. Forest River manufactures shuttle buses, recreational vehicles, cargo trailers, utility trailers and pontoon boats, and with currently more than 50,000 vehicles, is the dominant manufacturer of shuttle buses across US and Canada. Many of those buses have been highly customized with wheel-chair lifts, roof-top air conditioners and other equipment. Repowering these vehicles not only reduces emissions, it also preserves the prior investment and extends the life of the vehicle all while reducing costs for the customer.

Repowering gas and diesel-powered commercial vehicles has been common practice for many years since the chassis and body often outlast the powertrains, while repowering vehicles with electric powertrains remains a largely untapped opportunity for many fleet operators.

In May 2022, we announced a partnership with Perrone Robotics to offer Class 3 to 7 commercial fleet customers self-driving, electric fleet vehicles that can be deployed for a wide range of dedicated uses. The partnership expands our zero-emissions platform offerings to include Perrone’s AV-powered technology, TONY®, a vehicle-independent retrofit kit designed to enable vehicles to transport people and goods in geo-fenced and dedicated driving routes. Vehicles equipped with Perrone’s self-driving technology embedded into our vehicles for both cargo and passenger uses can be ordered immediately.

In June 2022, we announced the expanding deployment of repowered Class 3 passenger vans and Class 7 motorcoaches across the Bay Area and northern California. The all-electric vehicles are either in service already or soon to be in service with several of the largest tech companies in the Bay Area.

In July 2022, we unveiled our second-generation Lightning Mobile chargers for commercial and consumer electric vehicles. The first-of-its-kind mobile DC fast charger offers rapid deployment of reliable charging capabilities in locations where static charging stations are not possible or that only have Level 2 power available—all without the constraints associated with installing static charging stations. Each modular unit offers between 105 to 420 kWh battery capacity and provides the option of up to 5 DC fast-charging outputs. The new systems are currently available to order for delivery in late 2022.

In July 2022, we also agreed with our long-term customer Collins Bus to expand their zero-emission Type A electric school bus offering to include both GM and Ford chassis as a result of the chassis shortage we experienced.

Closing of Business Combination

On December 10, 2020, Lightning Systems, Inc. entered into the business combination agreement with GigCapital3, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary Project Power Merger Sub, Inc. Pursuant to the business combination agreement, the

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stockholders of Gig approved the transaction on April 21, 2021, and the transaction closed on May 6, 2021, or the Business Combination. As a result, Merger Sub was merged with and into Lightning Systems and the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub ceased, and Lightning Systems continued as the surviving corporation of the Business Combination. The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. Under this method of accounting, Gig was treated as the acquired company for financial statement reporting purposes, and Lightning Systems was deemed the accounting predecessor. The combined entity became the successor SEC registrant, meaning that Lightning Systems’ financial statements for previous periods are disclosed in the registrant’s periodic reports filed with the SEC after closing. On May 6, 2021, and in connection with the closing of the Business Combination, Gig changed its name to Lightning eMotors, Inc. See Note 1 and Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more detail on the Business Combination.

As a result of the Business Combination, Lightning Systems became our wholly owned subsidiary. We are a NYSE-listed company with our common stock registered under the Exchange Act.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

The following table sets forth our historical operating results for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
	(dollar amounts in thousands)
Revenues	$	3,536	$	5,923	$	(2,387)	(40)	%
Cost of revenues	4,889		7,048		(2,159)		(31)	%
Gross loss	(1,353)		(1,125)		(228)		(20)	%
Operating expenses
Research and development	1,810		743		1,067		144	%
Selling, general and administrative	12,559		16,026		(3,467)		(22)	%
Total operating expenses	14,369		16,769		(2,400)		(14)	%
Loss from operations	(15,722)		(17,894)		2,172		12	%
Other (income) expense, net
Interest expense, net	3,849		3,940		(91)		(2)	%
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(1,126)		7,596		(8,722)		nm*
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of derivative liability	(10,087)		4,267		(14,354)		nm*
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of earnout liability	(44,131)		12,376		(56,507)		nm*
Other expense (income), net	35		(15)		50		nm*
Total other (income) expense, net	(51,460)		28,164		(79,624)
Net income (loss)	$	35,738	$	(46,058)	$	81,796

*Not meaningful

Revenues

Revenue is primarily derived from the sale of our ZEVs. Our total revenue decreased by $2.4 million, or 40%, from $5.9 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021 to $3.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022. The decrease in revenues was principally related to the sale of 31 ZEVs, primarily Class 3, during the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the sale of 36 ZEVs, primarily Class 4 and Class 5, during the three months ended June 30, 2021, which had a higher sales price. The decrease in ZEV sales for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the prior year period was primarily the result of chassis and other component shortages and customer financing delays.

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Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues includes direct costs (parts, material, and labor); indirect manufacturing costs (manufacturing overhead, depreciation and plant operating lease expense); shipping, field services, logistics and warranty costs.

Cost of revenues decreased by $2.2 million, or 31%, from $7.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021 to $4.9 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022. The decrease in the cost of revenues was primarily related to a decrease in revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021, offset by an increase in factory overhead and other fixed costs during the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs incurred for the discovery and development of our zero-emission powertrain solutions and the production thereof, which principally include personnel-related expenses including salaries, benefits, travel and stock-based compensation, for personnel performing research and development activities; expenses related to materials, supplies and testing; and consulting and occupancy expenses.

Research and development expenses increased by $1.1 million or 144%, from $0.7 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021 to $1.8 million in the three months ended June 30, 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase

in our engineering headcount year-over-year, as we continue to advance the development and design of our products, refine and improve our production processes and enhance our in-house engineering capabilities.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of personnel-related expenses for our corporate, executive, engineering, finance, sales, marketing, program management support, and other administrative functions, expenses for outside professional services, including legal, audit and accounting services, as well as expenses for information technology, facilities, insurance, depreciation, amortization, travel, and sales and marketing costs. Personnel-related expenses consist of salaries, payroll taxes, benefits, and stock-based compensation. We expect our selling, general and administrative expenses to increase for the foreseeable future as we increase headcount and expenses with the growth of our business, drive for productivity improvements, acquisition of new and retention of existing customers and the additional costs associated with being a public company, which include, among other things, increases in headcount for administration and increases in legal and professional services, accounting and audit fees and liability insurance.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $3.5 million or 22%, from $16.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021 to $12.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022. The three months ended June 30, 2021 included one-time fees of $9.1 million associated with the closing of the Business Combination. Excluding the one-time fees, selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $5.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022, primarily due to an increase in employee headcount in sales and administration to support the planned growth in sales and production, and the expenses associated with being a public company.

Interest Expense, net

Interest expense consists of interest paid on notes payable, the amortization of debt issuance costs, the amortization of debt discounts attributable to the bifurcation of warrants issued, and amortization of an embedded conversion feature. The notes payable included, over the periods presented, the Convertible Note, the Facility, a third-party secured promissory note and various convertible notes payable, as described in more detail in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Interest expense decreased to $3.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 from $3.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2022 included $3.9 million of accrued interest and discount amortization related to the Convertible Note and $0.1 million of interest expense associated with the Facility, offset by $0.2 million of interest income on our cash equivalents. Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2021 included $2.3 million of accrued interest and discount amortization related to the Convertible Note which was only outstanding after the closing of the Business Combination in May 2021, $0.3 million of discount amortization associated with the short-term convertible notes converted at the close of the Business Combination, $0.9 million for the early payment of interest associated with loans paid off in the Business Combination and $0.4 million of interest expense associated with the term note and working capital facility.

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Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liabilities

The gain from change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $1.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 represents the change in fair value of the Gig private warrants that were assumed in the Business Combination. The loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $7.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 represents a loss of $7.3 million from the change in fair value of the outstanding common and preferred warrants, which were converted to common stock as a result of the Business Combination, and a loss of $0.3 million from the change in fair value of the Gig private warrants assumed in the Business Combination. These changes in fair value reflect the impact of the marking-to-market of the warrant liability.

Change in Fair Value of Derivative Liability

The change in fair value of the derivative liability reflected a gain of $10.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022 and a loss of $4.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021. These changes reflect the impact of the marking-to-market of the underlying derivative embedded in the Convertible Note.

Change in Fair Value of Earnout Liability

The change in fair value of the earnout liability reflected a gain of $44.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022 and a loss of $12.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021. These changes reflect the impact of the marking-to-market of the earnout shares.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

The following table sets forth our historical operating results for the periods indicated:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
	(dollar amounts in thousands)
Revenues	$	8,948	$	10,514	$	(1,566)	(15)	%
Cost of revenues	12,611		12,366		245		2	%
Gross loss	(3,663)		(1,852)		(1,811)		(98)	%
Operating expenses
Research and development	3,752		1,391		2,361		170	%
Selling, general and administrative	24,158		19,946		4,212		21	%
Total operating expenses	27,910		21,337		6,573		31	%
Loss from operations	(31,573)		(23,189)		(8,384)		(36)	%
Other (income) expense, net
Interest expense, net	7,710		5,551		2,159		39	%
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(1,314)		28,135		(29,449)		nm*
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of derivative liability	(12,642)		4,267		(16,909)		nm*
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of earnout liability	(50,303)		12,376		(62,679)		nm*
Other income, net	(6)		(24)		18		nm*
Total other (income) expense, net	(56,555)		50,305		(106,860)
Net income (loss)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)	$	98,476

*Not meaningful

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Revenues

Our total revenue decreased by $1.6 million, or 15%, from $10.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021 to $8.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022. The decrease in revenue was principally related to the mix of ZEV sales during the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we sold 99 ZEVs primarily in Class 3 compared to the sale of 67 ZEVs in Classes 3, 4 and 5 during the six months ended June 30, 2021 which had a higher sales price. In addition, revenues decreased as a result of chassis and other component shortages and customer financing delays during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues increased by $0.2 million, or 2%, from $12.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021 to $12.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022. The increase in the cost of revenues was primarily related to an increase in factory overhead and other fixed costs during the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses increased by $2.4 million, or 170%, from $1.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2021 to $3.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase

in our engineering headcount year-over-year, as we continue to advance the development and design of our vehicles, refine and improve our production processes and enhance our in-house engineering capabilities.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $4.2 million, or 21%, from $19.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021 to $24.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022. The six months ended June 30, 2021 included one-time fees of $9.1 million associated with the closing of the Business Combination. Excluding the one-time fees, selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $13.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 primarily due to an increase in employee headcount in sales and administration to support the planned growth in sales and production. In addition, we incurred, among other things, increases in legal, professional services, accounting and audit fees and liability insurance associated with being a public company.

Interest Expense, net

Interest expense increased to $7.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 from $5.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $5.4 million of accrued interest and amortization of the discount related to the Convertible Note during the six months ended June 30, 2022 as the Convertible Note was only outstanding after the closing of the Business Combination in the prior year period. This increase was offset by prior period interest expense of $1.3 million of amortization of the discount associated with the short-term convertible notes converted at the close of the Business Combination and $0.9 million for the early payment of interest associated with loans paid off in the Business Combination. In addition, interest expense on the term note and working capital facility decreased by $0.8 million due to a decrease in the facility principal balance.

Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liabilities

The gain from change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $1.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 represents the change in fair value of the Gig private warrants that we assumed in the Business Combination. The loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $28.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 represents a loss of $27.8 million from the change in fair value of the outstanding common and preferred warrants, which were converted to common stock as a result of the Business Combination and a loss of $0.3 million from the change in fair value of the Gig private warrants assumed in the Business Combination. These changes in fair value reflect the impact of the marking-to-market of the warrant liability.

Change in Fair Value of Derivative Liability

The change in fair value of the derivative liability reflected a gain of $12.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and a loss of $4.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021. These changes reflect the impact of the marking-to-market of the underlying derivative embedded in the Convertible Note.

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Change in Fair Value of Earnout Liability

The change in fair value of the earnout liability reflected a gain of $50.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and a loss $12.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021. These changes reflect the impact of the marking-to-market of the earnout shares.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to our results determined in accordance with GAAP, we believe the following non-GAAP measures, as defined in Item 10(e) of Regulation S-K, are useful in evaluating our operational performance. We use the following non-GAAP financial information among other operational metrics to evaluate our ongoing operations and for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We believe that non-GAAP financial information, when taken collectively, may be helpful to investors in assessing our operating performance.

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss

We define EBITDA as net income (loss) before depreciation and amortization and interest expense. We define adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) before depreciation and amortization, interest expense, stock-based compensation, gains or losses related to the change in fair value of warrant, derivative and earnout share liabilities and other non-recurring costs determined by management, such as Business Combination related expenses. We define adjusted net loss as net income (loss) adjusted for stock-based compensation expense, gains or losses related to the change in fair value of warrant, derivative and earnout share liabilities and certain other non-recurring costs determined by management, such as Business Combination related expenses. We believe EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net loss are meaningful metrics intended to supplement measures of our performance that are neither required by, nor presented in accordance with, GAAP. We believe that using EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net loss provide an additional tool for investors to use in evaluating ongoing operating results and trends while comparing our financial measures with those of comparable companies, which may present similar non-GAAP financial measures to investors. However, you should be aware that when evaluating EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net loss we may incur future expenses similar to those excluded when calculating these measures. In addition, our presentation of these measures should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Our computation of EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net loss may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies, because all companies may not calculate EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net loss in the same fashion.

Because of these limitations, EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net loss should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net loss on a supplemental basis. No undue reliance should be placed on these non-GAAP measures.

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The following table reconciles net income (loss) to EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income (loss)	$	35,738	$	(46,058)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization	407		224		768		350
Interest expense, net	3,849		3,940		7,710		5,551
EBITDA	$	39,994	$	(41,894)	$	33,460	$	(67,593)
Stock-based compensation expense	1,436		128		2,408		196
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(1,126)		7,596		(1,314)		28,135
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of derivative liability	(10,087)		4,267		(12,642)		4,267
(Gain) loss from change in earnout liability	(44,131)		12,376		(50,303)		12,376
Business Combination expense	—		9,098		—		9,098
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(13,914)	$	(8,429)	$	(28,391)	$	(13,521)

The following table reconciles net income (loss) to adjusted net loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income (loss)	$	35,738	$	(46,058)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)
Adjustments:
Stock-based compensation expense	1,436		128		2,408		196
Business Combination expense	—		9,098		—		9,098
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(1,126)		7,596		(1,314)		28,135
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of derivative liability	(10,087)		4,267		(12,642)		4,267
(Gain) loss from change in earnout liability	(44,131)		12,376		(50,303)		12,376
Adjusted net loss	$	(18,170)	$	(12,593)	$	(36,869)	$	(19,422)

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of June 30, 2022, we had $125.4 million in cash and cash equivalents compared to $168.5 million as of December 31, 2021. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, we had net income of $25.0 million. Cash flow used in operating activities was $39.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022. We had positive working capital of $148.1 million as of June 30, 2022, primarily as a result of the Business Combination. Our accumulated deficit amounted to $156.6 million as of June 30, 2022.

Sources of Liquidity

Since our inception, we have financed our operations primarily from debt financing and the sales of common and convertible preferred shares. We closed the Business Combination on May 6, 2021 pursuant to which we added $216.8 million of cash, net of redemptions, to the balance sheet.

As of June 30, 2022, our principal sources of liquidity were our cash and cash equivalents in the amount of $125.4 million. We believe our cash and cash equivalents balance will be sufficient to continue to execute our business strategy over the next twelve months.

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Liquidity Requirements

In the near and long-term, we will require additional capital to fund the growth and scaling of our manufacturing facilities and operations; further develop our products and services, including those for orders in our order backlog; and fund potential strategic investments and acquisitions. Until we can generate sufficient cash flow from operations, we expect to finance our operations through a combination of the merger proceeds we received from the Business Combination as well as from additional public offerings, debt financings or other capital markets transactions, collaborations or licensing arrangements. The amount and timing of our future funding requirements depend on many factors, including the pace and results of our development efforts and our ability to scale our operations.

We cannot provide any assurance that additional capital will be available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. If we are unable to secure additional capital, we may be required to take additional measures to reduce costs in order to conserve our cash in amounts sufficient to sustain operations and meet our obligations. These measures could cause significant delays in our continued efforts to commercialize our products, which is critical to the realization of our business plan and our future operations.

Material Cash Requirements

From time to time in the ordinary course of business, we enter into agreements with vendors for the purchase of components and raw materials to be used in the manufacture of our products. To provide flexibility in our development and production plan and opportunities to renegotiate pricing, we generally do not have binding and enforceable purchase orders beyond the near term. However, in order to secure raw materials vital to our products, we have entered into multi-year minimum purchase commitments with some of our suppliers. If we fail to meet the minimum purchase commitments, we must pay a penalty. As of June 30, 2022, the minimum purchase commitment for the next twelve months is $34.8 million under these agreements. However, we are currently in negotiations with certain suppliers to either blend and extend or terminate some of our future commitments due to supply chain constraints and cost increases for both parties. See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Our capital expenditures are typically difficult to project beyond the short term given potential supply chain constraints and market conditions. We estimate our total capital expenditures for the year 2022 to be between $10 and $12 million for development and production activities.

Debt

As of June 30, 2022, we had outstanding $87.9 million of principal indebtedness associated with our Convertible Notes, which mature on May 15, 2024. We are obligated to make semi-annual interest payments of $3.3 million in May and November through maturity based on an annual interest rate of 7.5%. We also had outstanding $3.0 million of principal indebtedness associated with our Facility, which matures on October 21, 2024. We are obligated to make quarterly interest payments of $0.1 million through maturity based on an annual interest rate of 15%. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Leases

We have one material lease commitment, an operating lease covering our manufacturing center, distribution center and office space. We also have an operating lease for IT equipment and finance leases for manufacturing equipment. As of June 30, 2022, our total minimum lease commitments were $14.9 million, with $3.0 million due in the next twelve months. See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

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Cash Flows

The following table provides a summary of cash flow data (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
	(dollar amounts in thousands)
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(39,178)	$	(33,674)
Net cash used in investing activities	(3,930)		(1,436)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(20)		236,540
Net (decrease) increase in cash	$	(43,128)	$	201,430

Cash Flows Used In Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $39.2 million and $33.7 million, respectively. Cash flows from operating activities are significantly affected by revenue levels, mix of products and services, and investments in the business in research and development and selling, general and administrative costs in order to develop products and services, improve manufacturing capacity and efficiency, and support revenue growth. With respect to the six months ended June 30, 2022, increases in net cash used in operating activities, in comparison to the corresponding prior period, were principally driven by a decrease in revenues and increases in cost of revenues and selling, general and administrative expenses, as described in more detail above.

Cash Flows Used In Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $3.9 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Cash flows from investing activities relate to capital expenditures to support revenue growth as we invest in and expand our business and infrastructure.

Cash Flows From Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was de minimis. Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $236.5 million and consisted of net proceeds of $142.8 million from the Business Combination and PIPE Financing, proceeds of $95.0 million from the issuance of the Convertible Note, proceeds from Facility borrowings of $7.0 million, proceeds from the exercise of warrants of $3.3 million, offset by payments on our previous outstanding notes payable of $11.5 million and payments related to lease obligations of $0.1 million.

Backlog

As of July 31, 2022, we had $169.3 million of order backlog comprised of ZEVs, zero-emission powertrains and/or charging systems of approximately 1,500 units. Our order backlog is generally comprised of non-binding agreements and purchase orders from customers. In addition, some of our order backlog has contingencies, including completing a successful pilot program, obtaining third-party financing or obtaining government grants, such as the California Hybrid and Zero-Emission Truck and Bus Voucher Incentive Project. Although the order backlog, in most cases, does not constitute a legal obligation and, in some cases, may have contingencies, we believe the amounts included in our order backlog are firm, even though the non-binding orders may be cancelled or delayed by customers without penalty. We may elect to permit cancellation of orders without penalty where management believes it is in our best interest to do so. On a case-by-case basis and at our sole discretion, we have held partial deposits for purchase orders from customers.

The realization and timing of the recognition of our order backlog is dependent, among other things, on our ability to obtain and secure a steady supply of components used in our manufacturing process. Accordingly, revenue estimates and the amount and timing of work expected to be performed at the time the estimate of order backlog is developed is subject to change. As a result, the order backlog may not be indicative of future sales and can vary significantly from period to

period. In addition, it is possible that the methodology for determining the order backlog may not be comparable to methods used by other companies.

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Material Trends and Uncertainties

The impact of current macroeconomic factors on our business - including increasing inflation and interest rates which affect the demand of its ZEVs, supply chain constraints, and geopolitical events - is uncertain. In addition, although the impact is lessening, the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact our business in future periods remains uncertain and unpredictable. Our outlook for future growth in ZEVs depends upon the various economic and regulatory conditions, and on our ability to manage through supply chain issues that have, and will continue to, limit the level to which we can increase output in the near term. Our long-term outlook remains positive as we believe the adoption of alternative fuel vehicles and the electric vehicle market will continue to grow.

Supply-Chain challenges. We have been experiencing significant delivery delays from our suppliers since April 2020. In addition, we often do not get informed of delivery delays until or after the expected delivery dates and have, at times, also experienced deliveries in advance of expected delivery dates without prior notice (for orders that were previously delayed), which does not allow for adequate planning. We have also been experiencing shortages of chassis and other components. We have increased our raw material inventories and added new suppliers, however, adding new suppliers, especially for chassis, increases cost and delays production. We expect supply chain challenges will continue for the foreseeable future.

Inflation and interest rates. We are experiencing cost increases due to inflation resulting from various supply chain disruptions and other disruptions caused by COVID-19 and general global economic conditions. The cost of raw materials, manufacturing equipment, labor and shipping and transportation has increased considerably. We expect higher than recent years’ levels of inflation to persist for the foreseeable future. If we are unable to fully offset higher costs through price increases or other measures, we could experience an adverse impact to our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Interest rates have also increased considerably. The increase in inflation and interest rates impacts the demand for our ZEVs, as customers may delay purchasing ZEVs and/or have difficulty financing their ZEV purchases.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have not engaged in any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. These principles require us to make certain estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, as of the balance sheet date, as well as reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Our most significant estimates and judgments involve deferred income taxes, allowance for doubtful accounts, warranty liability, write downs and write offs of obsolete and damaged inventory, valuation of share-based compensation, warrants and warrant liabilities, the value of the convertible note derivative liability and the value of the earnout share liability. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to the Company’s financial statements.

We believe that there have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to those disclosed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Emerging Growth Company Status

We are an emerging growth company, or EGC, as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the JOBS Act. As an EGC, we are permitted to take advantage of an extended transition period to comply with new or revised accounting standards, delaying the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies. We have elected to use this extended transition period to enable us to comply with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date we (i) are no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period. As a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with the new or revised accounting standards as of public company effective dates.

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In addition, we intend to rely on the other exemptions and reduced reporting requirements provided by the JOBS Act. Subject to certain conditions set forth in the JOBS Act, if, as an EGC, we intend to rely on such exemptions, we are not required to, among other things: (i) provide an auditor’s attestation report on our system of internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; (ii) provide all of the compensation disclosure that may be required of non-emerging growth public companies under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act; (iii) comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements (auditor discussion and analysis); and (iv) disclose certain executive compensation-related items such as the correlation between executive compensation and performance and comparisons of the Chief Executive Officer’s compensation to median employee compensation.

We will remain an EGC under the JOBS Act until the earliest of (i) December 31, 2025, which is the last day of our first fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering, (ii) the last date of our fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, (iii) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the rules of the SEC with at least $700.0 million of our common equity held by non-affiliates, or (iv) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities during the previous three-year period.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

As a small reporting company defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and in Item 10(f)(1) of regulation S-K, we are not required to provide the information requested by this item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. The Company’s management, with participation from our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2022. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2022.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the three months ended June 30, 2022, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The information with respect to this Part II, Item 1 can be found in Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to other information set forth in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the additional risk factors discussed below as well as the factors discussed in Part 1, Item 1A Risk Factors in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Other than the risks set forth below, there have been no material changes from risk factors previously disclosed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. The risks discussed in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing us. There may be additional risks and uncertainties that are not currently known to us or that we currently consider to be insignificant that could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, or operating results in the future.

High inflation could negatively affect our operations and results.

We have been impacted by changes in prices of finished product inventory from our suppliers and logistics as well as other inflationary factors such as increased labor and overhead costs. We evaluate the need for price changes to offset these inflationary factors while taking into account the competitive landscape. Increased inflation may have a negative effect on our ability to achieve certain expectations in gross margin and operating expenses. If we are unable to offset the negative impacts of inflation with increased prices, our future results from operations and cash flows would be materially impacted. For example, in 2021 and continuing into 2022, the United States has experienced a rapid increase in inflation levels of over 8.6%, which is now at a 40-year historic high. Such heightened inflationary levels may negatively impact consumer disposable income and discretionary spending and, in turn, reduce consumer demand for our products and increase our costs. Additionally, inflation may cause consumers to reduce discretionary spending, which could cause decreases in demand for our products.

Increases in the price of materials and components used in the production of our products could negatively impact our profit margin on the sale of our products.

A significant portion of our business depends on the adequate supply of numerous specialty and other parts and components at cost effective prices such as chassis, batteries, and motors for our ZEVs. Our manufacturing operations depend on our ability to obtain timely deliveries of materials in acceptable quantities and quality from our suppliers. In addition, the cost of our finished goods have increased due to rising inflation, increased cost of shipping, component price increases and increases in the cost of labor. Some of our supplier agreements have escalation clauses and minimum purchase commitments pursuant to which we are obligated to purchase a certain number of parts at prices that may increase. A significant portion of our 2023, 2024 and 2025 commitment is associated with an agreement that contractually requires re-negotiation due to significant increases in inflation. Further, prices for materials may continue to increase due to the increased demand of certain raw materials, such as lithium, the armed conflict in Ukraine, and trends in the global economy, among other reasons. If we are not able to negotiate lower costs, reduce other expenses, or pass on some or all of these price increases to our customers, our profit margin may be decreased.

Monetary and other policy interventions by governments and central banks, including the increase of interest rates, as well as uncertainly about governmental macroeconomic policies, could negatively impact our business and results of operations.

The United States Federal Reserve raised its benchmark interest rate by three-quarters of a percentage point in June 2022 and again in July 2022. Rising interest rates increases our borrowing costs potentially decreasing our profitability. Additionally, some of our customers finance the purchase of our ZEVs and could experience increased borrowing costs, which may result in delays or decreased demand for our products. Monetary interventions also risk a sustained decline in aggregate demand, either globally or within one or more geographic market. A decline in demand for our products would most likely have a negative impact on our business and results of operations.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

There were no sales of unregistered securities during the three months ended June 30, 2022.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

On August 5, 2022, our Board of Directors formally appointed Timothy Reeser, our Chief Executive Officer, as our President. The appointment is solely made to comply with the corresponding officer requirement in our bylaws. Mr. Reeser is a “named executive officer” in our Securities and Exchange Commission filings, see our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 14, 2022.

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Item 6. Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.	Description
2.1*	Business Combination Agreement, dated as of December 10, 2020, by and among GigCapital3, Inc., Project Power Merger Sub, Inc. and Lightning Systems, Inc. (included as Annex A to the Final Proxy Statement/Prospectus filed under Rule 424(b)(3) on March 26, 2021).
3.1	Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Lightning eMotors, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed on the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on May 12, 2021)
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Lightning eMotors, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 filed on the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on May 12, 2021)
4.1	Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed on the Company’s Form S-1 (File No. 333-257237), filed by the Company on June 21, 2021)
4.2	Specimen Warrant Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A in Exhibit 10.4 filed on the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on May 12, 2021)
31.1†	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2†	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1**	Certification of Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104†	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in iXBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

_____________________________________

*Schedules and similar attachments to this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K and the Company agrees to furnish a copy of such omitted materials to the SEC upon request.

†Filed herewith.

**Furnished herewith.

50

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: August 9, 2022

LIGHTNING EMOTORS, INC.
By:	/s/ Timothy Reeser
Name:	Timothy Reeser
Title:	Chief Executive Officer and President
	(Principal Executive Officer)
By:	/s/ Teresa Covington
Name:	Teresa Covington
Title:	Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

51

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Timothy Reeser, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Lightning eMotors, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principle;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 9, 2022

By:	/s/ Timothy Reeser
Name:	Timothy Reeser
Title:	Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, Teresa Covington, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Lightning eMotors, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principle

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 9, 2022

By:	/s/ Teresa Covington
Name:	Teresa Covington
Title:	Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of Lightning eMotors, Inc. on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, I, Timothy Reeser, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge, that:

(1)The quarterly report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2)The information contained in the quarterly report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Lightning eMotors, Inc.

In connection with the quarterly report of Lightning eMotors, Inc. on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, I, Teresa Covington, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge, that:

(1)The quarterly report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2)The information contained in the quarterly report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Lightning eMotors, Inc.

Date: August 9, 2022

By:	/s/ Timothy Reeser
Name:	Timothy Reeser
Title:	Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Date: August 9, 2022

By:	/s/ Teresa Covington
Name:	Teresa Covington
Title:	Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

The foregoing certification is being furnished pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. It is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and it is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Lightning eMotors, Inc., regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

XML

Cover - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Aug. 03, 2022
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2022
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-39283
Entity Registrant Name	Lightning eMotors, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	84-4605714
Entity Address, State or Province	CO
Entity Address, City or Town	Loveland
Entity Address, Address Line One	815 14th Street SW
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite A100
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	80537
City Area Code	800
Local Phone Number	223-0740
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Trading Symbol	ZEV
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		75,619,573
Entity Central Index Key	0001802749
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false
Redeemable Warrants, each full warrant exercisable for one share of Common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share
Title of 12(b) Security	Redeemable Warrants, each full warrant exercisable for one share of Common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share
Trading Symbol	ZEV.WS
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 125,410	$ 168,538
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $3,847 and $3,349 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	6,831	9,172
Inventories	25,167	14,621
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	8,251	7,067
Total current assets	165,659	199,398
Property and equipment, net	9,159	4,891
Operating lease right-of-use asset, net	8,344	8,742
Other assets	2,201	379
Total assets	185,363	213,410
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	7,256	6,021
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	8,044	5,045
Warrant liability	871	2,185
Current portion of operating lease obligation	1,432	1,166
Total current liabilities	17,603	14,417
Long-term debt, net of debt discount	68,181	63,768
Operating lease obligation, net of current portion	8,594	9,260
Derivative liability	4,776	17,418
Earnout liability	32,841	83,144
Other long-term liabilities	751	191
Total liabilities	132,746	188,198
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock, par value $0.0001, 1,000,000 shares authorized and no shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021	0	0
Common stock, par value $0.0001, 250,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021; 75,610,103 and 75,062,642 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	8	8
Additional paid-in capital	209,191	206,768
Accumulated deficit	(156,582)	(181,564)
Total stockholders’ equity	52,617	25,212
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 185,363	$ 213,410

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, allowance	$ 3,847	$ 3,349
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, authorized (in shares)	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock, issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, authorized (in shares)	250,000,000	250,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares)	75,610,103	75,062,642
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	75,610,103	75,062,642

XML

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 3,536	$ 5,923	$ 8,948	$ 10,514
Cost of revenues	4,889	7,048	12,611	12,366
Gross loss	(1,353)	(1,125)	(3,663)	(1,852)
Operating expenses
Research and development	1,810	743	3,752	1,391
Selling, general and administrative	12,559	16,026	24,158	19,946
Total operating expenses	14,369	16,769	27,910	21,337
Loss from operations	(15,722)	(17,894)	(31,573)	(23,189)
Other (income) expense, net
Interest expense, net	3,849	3,940	7,710	5,551
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(1,126)	7,596	(1,314)	28,135
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of derivative liability	(10,087)	4,267	(12,642)	4,267
(Gain) loss from change in earnout liability	(44,131)	12,376	(50,303)	12,376
Other expense (income), net	35	(15)	(6)	(24)
Total other (income) expense, net	(51,460)	28,164	(56,555)	50,305
Net income (loss)	$ 35,738	$ (46,058)	$ 24,982	$ (73,494)
Net income (loss) per share, basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.47	$ (0.79)	$ 0.33	$ (1.60)
Net income (loss) per share, diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.35	$ (0.79)	$ 0.23	$ (1.60)
Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic (in shares)	75,408,116	58,560,928	75,268,854	45,924,405
Weighted-average shares outstanding, diluted (in shares)	85,210,210	58,560,928	85,281,301	45,924,405

XML

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Total	Previously Reported	Revision of Prior Period, Adjustment	Common Stock	Common Stock Previously Reported	Common Stock Revision of Prior Period, Adjustment	Additional Paid-in Capital	Additional Paid-in Capital Previously Reported	Additional Paid-in Capital Revision of Prior Period, Adjustment	Stockholders’ Accumulated Deficit	Stockholders’ Accumulated Deficit Previously Reported	Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Previously Reported	Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Revision of Prior Period, Adjustment
Balance, at Beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2020													$ 43,272	$ (43,272)
Balance, at Beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020													30,120,057	(30,120,057)
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock warrants		$ 433						$ 433
Stock-based compensation expense		196						196
Net income (loss)		(73,494)									$ (73,494)
Balance, at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2020		(26,695)	$ (69,967)	$ 43,272	$ 3		$ 3	54,097	$ 10,828	$ 43,269	(80,795)	$ (80,795)
Balance, at beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020					32,949,507	4,910,555	28,038,952
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Exercise of Common Warrants	[1]	646						646
Exercise of Common Warrants (in shares)	[1]				69,232
Issuance of Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock upon exercise of Series C warrants	[1]	14,068						14,068
Issuance of Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock upon exercise of Series C warrants (in shares)	[1]				1,756,525
Business Combination and PIPE Financing		109,805			$ 4			109,801
Business Combination and PIPE Financing (in shares)					37,843,390
Warrants issued in connection with the Convertible Note		14,522						14,522
Issuance of common stock warrants		433						433
Exercise of stock options	[1]	41						41
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	[1]				629,457
Stock-based compensation expense		196						196
Net income (loss)		(73,494)									(73,494)
Balance, at end of period at Jun. 30, 2021		39,522			$ 7			193,804			(154,289)
Balance, at end of period (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2021					73,248,111
Balance, at Beginning of period at Mar. 31, 2021													$ 50,082	$ (50,082)
Balance, at Beginning of period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2021													31,023,671	(31,023,671)
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation expense		128						128
Net income (loss)		(46,058)									(46,058)
Balance, at beginning of period at Mar. 31, 2021		(46,810)	$ (96,892)	$ 50,082	$ 3		$ 3	61,418	$ 11,339	$ 50,079	(108,231)	$ (108,231)
Balance, at beginning of period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2021					33,939,017	5,058,949	28,880,068
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Exercise of Common Warrants	[1]	646						646
Exercise of Common Warrants (in shares)	[1]				69,232
Issuance of Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock upon exercise of Series C warrants	[1]	7,258						7,258
Issuance of Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock upon exercise of Series C warrants (in shares)	[1]				906,594
Business Combination and PIPE Financing		109,805			$ 4			109,801
Business Combination and PIPE Financing (in shares)					37,843,390
Warrants issued in connection with the Convertible Note		14,522						14,522
Exercise of stock options	[1]	31						31
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	[1]				489,878
Stock-based compensation expense		128						128
Net income (loss)		(46,058)									(46,058)
Balance, at end of period at Jun. 30, 2021		39,522			$ 7			193,804			(154,289)
Balance, at end of period (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2021					73,248,111
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation expense		2,408						2,408
Net income (loss)		24,982									24,982
Balance, at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2021		25,212			$ 8			206,768			(181,564)
Balance, at beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021					75,062,642
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Exercise of stock options		$ 123						123
Exercise of stock options (in shares)		305,004			305,004
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of taxes		$ (108)						(108)
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of taxes (in shares)					242,457
Stock-based compensation expense		2,408						2,408
Net income (loss)		24,982									24,982
Balance, at end of period at Jun. 30, 2022		52,617			$ 8			209,191			(156,582)
Balance, at end of period (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022					75,610,103
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation expense		1,436						1,436
Net income (loss)		35,738									35,738
Balance, at beginning of period at Mar. 31, 2022		15,434			$ 8			207,746			(192,320)
Balance, at beginning of period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022					75,153,493
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Exercise of stock options		117						117
Exercise of stock options (in shares)					280,570
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of taxes		(108)						(108)
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of taxes (in shares)					176,040
Stock-based compensation expense		1,436						1,436
Net income (loss)		35,738									35,738
Balance, at end of period at Jun. 30, 2022		$ 52,617			$ 8			$ 209,191			$ (156,582)
Balance, at end of period (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022					75,610,103

[1] Share amounts have been retroactively restated to give effect to the recapitalization transaction

XML

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$ 24,982	$ (73,494)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	768	350
Provision for doubtful accounts	498	142
Provision for inventory obsolescence and write-downs	777	98
Loss (gain) on disposal of fixed asset	37	(9)
Change in fair value of warrant liability	(1,314)	28,135
Change in fair value of earnout liability	(50,303)	12,376
Change in fair value of derivative liability	(12,642)	4,267
Stock-based compensation	2,408	196
Amortization of debt discount	4,413	2,522
Non-cash impact of operating lease right-of-use asset	551	1,224
Issuance of common stock warrants for services performed	0	433
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	1,843	(4,458)
Inventories	(11,382)	(3,480)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(2,658)	(8,775)
Accounts payable	1,186	562
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	1,658	6,237
Net cash used in operating activities	(39,178)	(33,674)
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property and equipment	(3,930)	(1,445)
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment	0	9
Net cash used in investing activities	(3,930)	(1,436)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from convertible notes payable, net of issuance costs paid	0	95,000
Proceeds from Business Combination and PIPE Financing, net of issuance costs paid	0	142,796
Proceeds from facility borrowings	0	7,000
Repayments of facility borrowings	0	(11,500)
Proceeds from the exercise of Series C redeemable convertible preferred warrants	0	3,100
Proceeds from exercise of common warrants	0	157
Payments on finance lease obligations	(35)	(54)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	123	41
Tax withholding payment related to net settlement of equity awards	(108)	0
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(20)	236,540
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(43,128)	201,430
Cash - Beginning of period	168,538	460
Cash - End of period	125,410	201,890
Supplemental cash flow information
Cash paid for interest	3,526	1,649
Significant noncash transactions
Earnout liability at inception		78,960
Warrant liability at inception		1,253
Derivative liability at inception		17,063
Conversion of convertible notes for common stock		9,679
Conversion of warrant liabilities for common stock		37,580
Property and equipment included in accounts payable and accruals	708	0
Finance lease right-of-use asset in exchange for a lease liability	$ 786	$ 0

XML

Description of Business and Basis of Presentations

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

Lightning eMotors, Inc. (the “Company”, “Lightning”) is an innovative automotive manufacturing and research company based in Loveland, Colorado. The Company operates in the zero-emission vehicle (“ZEV”) market and manufactures zero-emission Class 3 to 7 Battery Electric Vehicles (“BEV”) and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (“FCEV”), and infrastructure solutions for commercial medium duty trucks, buses, vans and motorcoach fleets. The Company also sells charging systems as an ancillary supporting product. The Company operates predominately in the United States.

On May 6, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), GigCapital3, Inc. (“Gig”), consummated the previously announced merger pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement, dated December 10, 2020 (the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among Project Power Merger Sub, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gig incorporated in the State of Delaware (“Merger Sub”), and Lightning Systems, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lightning Systems”). Pursuant to the terms of the Business Combination Agreement, a business combination between Gig and Lightning Systems was effected through the merger of Merger Sub with and into Lightning Systems, with Lightning Systems surviving as the surviving company and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gig (the “Business Combination”).

On the Closing Date, and in connection with the closing of the Business Combination, Gig changed its name to Lightning eMotors, Inc. Lightning Systems was deemed the accounting acquirer in the Business Combination based on an analysis of the criteria outlined in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations. This determination was primarily based on Lightning Systems stockholders prior to the Business Combination having a majority of the voting interests in the combined company, Lightning Systems operations comprising the ongoing operations of the combined company and Lightning Systems senior management comprising the senior management of the combined company. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination was treated as the equivalent of Lightning Systems issuing stock for the net assets of Gig, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Gig are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded.

While Gig was the legal acquirer in the Business Combination, Lightning Systems was deemed the accounting acquirer, the historical financial statements of Lightning Systems became the historical financial statements of the combined company, upon the consummation of the Business Combination. As a result, the financial statements included in this report reflect (i) the historical operating results of Lightning Systems prior to the Business Combination; (ii) the combined results of the Company and Lightning Systems following the closing of the Business Combination; (iii) the assets and liabilities of Lightning Systems at their historical cost; and (iv) the Company’s equity structure for all periods presented.

In accordance with guidance applicable to these circumstances, the equity structure has been restated in all comparative periods up to the Closing Date, to reflect the number of shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, issued to Lightning Systems stockholders in connection with the recapitalization transaction. As such, the shares and corresponding capital amounts and earnings per share related to Lightning Systems redeemable convertible preferred stock and Lightning Systems common stock prior to the Business Combination have been retroactively restated as shares reflecting the exchange ratio of approximately 0.9406 shares (the “Exchange Ratio”) established in the Business Combination Agreement. Activity within the statement of stockholders’ equity for the issuances and repurchases of Lightning Systems convertible redeemable preferred stock, were also retroactively converted to Lightning Systems common stock. For more details on the reverse recapitalization, see Note 3 to the Company’s notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The unaudited financial information reflects, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods indicated. The results reported for the interim period presented are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the full year. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period balances in the statements of cash flows have been combined or reclassified to conform to current period presentation. Such reclassifications had no impact on net loss or stockholders’ equity (deficit) previously reported.

Liquidity

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had $125,410 in cash and cash equivalents. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the net income of the Company amounted to $24,982. Cash flow used in operating activities was $39,178 for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The Company had positive working capital of $148,056 as of June 30, 2022, primarily as a result of the Business Combination. The current and historical operating cash flows, current cash and working capital balances, and forecasted obligations of the Company were considered in connection with management’s evaluation of the Company’s ongoing liquidity. As a result of the Business Combination, the Company received net proceeds of $216,812 in cash, after paying off the outstanding working capital facilities, the secured promissory note, and unsecured facility agreements.

The Company believes its cash and cash equivalents balance will be sufficient to continue to operate its business over the next twelve-month period from the date the financial statements were issued. However, the Company will require additional capital to fund the growth and scaling of its manufacturing facilities and operations; further develop its products and services, including those for orders in its order backlog; and fund possible acquisitions. Until the Company can generate sufficient cash flow from operations, the Company expects to finance its operations through a combination of the merger proceeds received from the Business Combination as well as from additional public offerings, debt financings or other capital markets transactions, collaborations or licensing arrangements. The amount and timing of the Company’s future funding requirements depends on many factors, including the pace and results of the Company’s development efforts and the Company’s ability to scale its operations.

The Company cannot provide any assurance that additional capital will be available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. If the Company is unable to secure additional capital, it may be required to take additional measures to reduce costs in order to conserve its cash in amounts sufficient to sustain operations and meet its obligations. These measures could cause significant delays in the Company’s continued efforts to commercialize its products, which is critical to the realization of its business plan and the future operations of the Company.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s most significant estimates and judgments involve deferred income taxes, allowance for doubtful accounts, warranty liability, write downs and write offs of obsolete and damaged inventory and valuations of share-based compensation, warrant liability, convertible note derivative liability and earnout share liability. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to the Company’s financial statements.

Segment information

ASC 280, Segment Reporting, defines operating segments as components of an enterprise where discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company operates as a single operating segment. The Company’s CODM is the Chief Executive Officer, who has ultimate responsibility for the operating performance of the Company and the allocation of resources. The CODM uses Company forecasts, a financial and operations dashboard, and cash flows as the primary measures to manage the business and does not segment the business for internal reporting or decision making.

Concentrations of credit risk

As of June 30, 2022, one customer accounted for 46% of the Company’s total accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2021, three customers accounted for 40%, 20% and 17% of total accounts receivable. The net sales to the following customers comprised more than 10% of revenues for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022				2021				2022				2021
	Net Sales		% of Net Revenues		Net Sales		% of Net Revenues		Net Sales		% of Net Revenues		Net Sales		% of Net Revenues
Customer A	$	599	17	%	$	—	—	%	$	2,564	29	%	$	—	—	%
Customer B	—		—	%	—		—	%	1,725		19	%	—		—	%
Customer C	—		—	%	3,249		55	%	—		—	%	5,318		51	%
Customer D	—		—	%	1,141		19	%	—		—	%	1,632		16	%
Customer E	572		16	%	—		—	%	—		—	%	—		—	%
Customer F	340		10	%	628		11	%	—		—	%	—		—	%
Total of customers with sales greater than 10%	$	1,511	43	%	$	5,018	85	%	$	4,289	48	%	$	6,950	67	%
Total of customers with sales less than 10%	2,025		57	%	905		15	%	4,659		52	%	3,564		33	%
Total Revenues	$	3,536	100	%	$	5,923	100	%	$	8,948	100	%	$	10,514	100	%

Concentrations of supplier risk

As of June 30, 2022, one supplier accounted for 30% of the Company’s total accounts payable. As of December 31, 2021, three suppliers accounted for 20%, 19% and 11% of the Company’s total accounts payable. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, two suppliers accounted for 42% and 32% of inventory purchases. For the three months ended June 30, 2021, two suppliers accounted for 24% and 13% of inventory purchases. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, two suppliers accounted for 40% and 26% of inventory purchases. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, two suppliers accounted for 18% and 16% of inventory purchases.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash held in banks and in money market funds. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are placed with high-credit-quality financial institutions and issuers, and at times exceed federally insured limits. To date, the Company has not experienced any credit loss relating to its cash and cash equivalents. The carrying value of the cash equivalents approximates fair value, which represents a Level 1 input.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded at invoiced amounts, net of discounts, and allowances. The Company grants credit in the normal course of business to its customers. The Company periodically performs credit analyses and monitors the financial condition of its customers to reduce credit risk. The Company reduces the carrying value for estimated uncollectible accounts based on a variety of factors including the length of time receivables are past due, economic trends and conditions affecting the Company’s customer base, and historical collection experience. Specific provisions are recorded for individual receivables when the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations. The Company writes off accounts receivable when they are deemed uncollectible. The following table details the change in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	3,397	$	142	$	3,349	$	—
Charges to expense	450		—		498		142
Balance at end of period	$	3,847	$	142	$	3,847	$	142

Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials, work in progress, and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on the average cost method. A valuation adjustment is made to inventory for any excess, obsolete or slow-moving items based on management’s review of on-hand inventories compared to historical and estimated future sales and usage profiles.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful asset lives. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost and amortized on the straight-line basis over their estimated economic useful lives or the lease term, whichever is shorter. Costs of enhancements or modifications that substantially extend the capacity or useful life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated accordingly. Ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is included in the consolidated statements of operations in “Cost of revenues”, “Research and development” and “Selling, general and administrative”. When property is retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the consolidated balance sheets and the resulting gain or loss, if any, is reflected in “Other income, net.” The estimated useful lives of the Company’s major classes of property and equipment are as follows:

Major Class of Property and Equipment	Useful Lives
Machinery and equipment	7 years
Vehicles	5 years
Leasehold improvements	5 years
Computer equipment	3 years
Software	3 years
Furniture and fixtures	7 years

Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets to be held and used in the Company’s operations are evaluated for impairment when events or circumstances indicate the carrying value of a long-lived asset or asset group is less than the undiscounted cash flows from its use and eventual disposition over its remaining economic life. The Company assesses recoverability by comparing the sum of projected undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition over the remaining economic life of a long-lived asset or asset group to its carrying value, and records a loss from impairment if the carrying value is more than its undiscounted cash flows. Assets or asset groups to be abandoned or from which no future benefit is expected are written down to zero in the period it is determined they will no longer be used and are removed entirely from service. There were no impairments of long-lived assets recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

Prior to the Business Combination, the Company had redeemable preferred stock outstanding that was classified as temporary equity in the mezzanine section of the balance sheet due to the contingently redeemable nature of the preferred stock. As described in Note 1, the equity structure has been restated in all comparative periods prior to the Closing Date. For the periods in which the redeemable convertible preferred stock was outstanding, the Company did not believe that the related contingent events and the redemption of the preferred stock was probable to occur and did not accrete the preferred stock to redemption value.

Revenue recognition

Revenue Summary

The following table disaggregates revenue by major source:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
ZEVs	$	2,884	$	5,350	$	8,063	$	9,496
Zero-emission powertrains	336		130		336		218
Other	316		443		549		800
Total	$	3,536	$	5,923	$	8,948	$	10,514

The Company manufactures and sells medium and heavy-duty ZEVs, such as delivery trucks and buses. The Company manufactures ZEVs by installing and integrating its internally-developed, zero-emission powertrain into a vehicle chassis supplied by original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) partners or from the customer. At times, the Company also installs and integrates its zero-emission powertrains into a used vehicle chassis supplied by the customer (“repower”). The Company also manufactures and sells its stand-alone, zero-emission powertrains directly to customers.

The Company recognizes revenue at a point in time when its performance obligation has been satisfied and control of the ZEV or zero-emission powertrain is transferred to the customer, which generally aligns with shipping terms. Contract shipping terms include ExWorks (“EXW”), “FOB Shipping Point” and “FOB Destination” all as defined in the Incoterms. Under EXW (meaning the seller fulfills its obligation to deliver when it makes goods available at its premises, or another specified location, for the buyer to collect), the performance obligation is satisfied and control is transferred at the point when the customer is notified that the ZEV or zero-emission powertrain is available for pickup. Under “FOB Shipping Point,” control is transferred to the customer at the time the good is transferred to the shipper and under “FOB Destination,” at the time the good is delivered to a customer’s specified delivery location. At times, the Company sells ZEVs that require additional upfitting from a third party before the final sale to the customer. The Company is acting as the principal in such transactions and revenue is recognized on a gross basis.

Other revenue primarily includes the sale of charging systems, engineering consulting services, telematics and analytics subscription services and decontented parts. Revenue for chargers and decontented parts is generally recognized based on contract shipping terms. At times, chargers may be drop shipped directly to the customer from the manufacturer, in which revenue is recognized at the time of shipment. The Company is acting as the principal in such transactions and revenue is recognized on a gross basis. Services are recognized as revenue over time as either percentage of completion (i.e. engineering service contracts) or as the service is transferred to the customer (i.e. telematics and analytics subscription services).

The Company made an accounting policy election to account for any shipping and handling costs that occur after control has transferred to the customer as fulfillment costs that are accrued to cost of revenues at the time control transfers. Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are initially recorded in deferred revenue and recognized as revenue once shipping is complete.

The Company often applies for governmental funding programs, including the Hybrid and Zero Emission Truck and Bus Voucher Incentive Project (“HVIP”), on behalf of its customers for ZEV sales. Generally, as a condition of the program, the amount billed to the customer must be reduced by the amount that will be funded by the government program, and the Company will receive the funds directly from the government program. However, the discount to the customer is contingent upon the Company’s receipt of the funding. Revenue is recognized on the gross amount of the ZEV at the time substantially all of the conditions of the government program required of the Company have been met and control of the ZEV has transferred to the customer based on shipping terms.

The following economic factors affect the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of the Company’s revenue and cash flows as indicated:

•Type of customer: The Company’s sales are directly to commercial fleet customers, OEMs, governments and dealers.

•Type of contract: Sales contracts are for goods or services. The majority of contracts are short term (i.e., less than or equal to one year in duration).

Significant Payment Terms

None of the Company’s contracts have a significant financing component. Any cash that is received prior to revenue recognition is deferred as deferred revenue (a contract liability) until the good is delivered or service is rendered.

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities relate to payments received in advance of performance obligations under the contract and are realized when the associated revenue is recognized under the contracts. The Company’s contract liabilities consist of customer deposits and deferred revenue, which are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in contract liabilities are as follows:

Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	147
Revenues recognized	(412)
Increase due to billings	1,013
Balance as of June 30, 2022	$	748

The Company recognized revenue of $62 during the six months ended June 30, 2022 that was included in the contract liability balance as of December 31, 2021.

Returns and Refunds

Consideration paid for goods and/or services that customers purchase from the Company are nonrefundable. Therefore, at the time revenue is recognized, the Company does not estimate expected refunds for goods or services, nor does the Company exclude any such amounts from revenue.

Transaction Price

The transaction price of a contract is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods to a customer. Transaction prices do not include amounts collected on behalf of third parties (e.g., sales taxes). Sales taxes collected on sales are recorded as a sales tax liability and are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities.”

To determine the transaction price of a contract, the Company considers its customary business practices and the terms of the contract. For the purpose of determining transaction prices, the Company assumes that the goods and/or services will be transferred to the customer as promised in accordance with existing contracts and that the contracts will not be canceled, renewed, or modified. The Company’s revenue terms do not include retrospective or prospective volume discounts, rights of return, rebates, performance bonuses or other forms of variable consideration.

The Company’s contracts with customers have fixed transaction prices that are denominated in U.S. dollars and payable in cash.

Future Performance Obligations

The Company has applied the practical expedient to exclude the value of remaining performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original term of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue in proportion to the amount it has the right to invoice for services performed (i.e. analytical data subscription services).

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had remaining performance obligations related to a non-cancellable (other than for a breach by the Company) minimum-quantity purchase commitment. The customer is obligated to purchase a fixed number of ZEVs through December 31, 2023, however, the price varies based on which year the customer orders each ZEV (in 2022 or 2023). The Company estimates that the future revenues associated with this contract (based on estimated orders from the customer for 2022) to be $4,900 in 2022 and $6,300 in 2023. The timing of the revenue associated with these estimates will change if the ZEVs are commissioned and/or shipped subsequent to the year in which they were ordered, as

revenue will not be recognized until control of the ZEV transfers to the customer based on the purchase order shipping terms.

Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract with a Customer

The Company has elected the practical expedient to expense contract acquisition costs, which consist of sales commissions, which are reported within “Selling, general and administrative” expenses.

Warranties

In most cases, goods that customers purchase from the Company are covered by five-year and 60-thousand-mile limited product warranty. The Company has not sold warranties separately.

At the time revenue is recognized, the Company estimates the cost of expected future warranty claims and accrues estimated future warranty costs based upon the history of warranty claims. The Company periodically reviews the adequacy of its product warranties and adjusts, if necessary, the warranty estimate and accrued warranty liability for actual historical experience. The warranty liability is included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” and the cost of warranties is included in “Cost of revenues.”

Fair value, measurements, and financial instruments

A fair value hierarchy was established that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques (market approach, income approach, and cost approach). The Company’s financial assets and liabilities are measured using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. The three levels of the hierarchy and the related inputs are as follows:

•Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company can access at the measurement date.

•Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

An asset’s or liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Valuation techniques used need to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on one or more of the following three valuation techniques:

•Market approach: Prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities.

•Cost approach: Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost).

•Income approach: Techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount based upon market expectations (including present value techniques, option pricing and excess earnings models).

The Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, however, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. The Company’s recurring fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 discussed below contain significant unobservable inputs. A change in those significant unobservable inputs could result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement at the reporting date.

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, warrant liabilities, long-term debt, derivative liabilities and earnout liabilities. The carrying value of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of those instruments.

Long-term debt is not presented at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as it is recorded at carrying value, net of unamortized debt discounts. However, the 7.5% $100,000 convertible senior note (the “Convertible Note”) has an

embedded conversion option accounted for as a derivative liability, which is presented at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the Convertible Note, including the conversion option, was $64,567 and $76,614 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company’s term note and working capital facility (“Facility”) had an outstanding term note with a principal amount of $3,000 as of both June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and a fair value of $3,308 and $4,173 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
As of June 30, 2022
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	$	117,260	$	—	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	$	—	$	—	$	871
Derivative liability	—		—		4,776
Earnout liability	—		—		32,841
As of December 31, 2021
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	$	150,022	$	—	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	$	—	$	—	$	2,185
Derivative liability	—		—		17,418
Earnout liability	—		—		83,144

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had cash equivalents held in a money market account. The Company has concluded that due to the highly liquid nature of the money market account, the carrying value approximates fair value, which represents a Level 1 input.

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company assumed the liability associated with the Gig warrants. The Company accounts for the warrants as liabilities at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the statement of operations for each reporting period. The fair value is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model (“BSM”) where the share price input represents the Company’s stock price as of the valuation date. The BSM is a commonly-used mathematical model for pricing an option or warrant. In particular, the model estimates the variation in value over time of financial instruments. The fair value measurements are considered Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company estimates the fair value of its derivative liability associated with the Convertible Note at each reporting date, as well as at each conversion date. The Convertible Note and embedded conversion option are valued using a Binomial Lattice Model designed to capture incremental value attributed to the conversion options in addition to the value of the Convertible Note. The value of the Convertible Note without the conversion feature is valued utilizing the income approach, specifically the discounted cash flow method. Cash flows are discounted utilizing the U.S. Treasury rate and the credit spread to estimate the appropriate risk-adjusted rate. The conversion feature utilizes the Company’s stock price as of the valuation date as the starting point of the valuation. A Binomial Lattice Model is used to estimate a credit spread by solving for a premium to the U.S. Treasury rate that produces a value of the Convertible Note. As of issuance, the value of the Convertible Note and warrants related to the Convertible Note were set to equal $100,000 to solve for the credit spread which is then updated quarterly. The fair value measurements are considered Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company recognized additional earnout shares with performance conditions as a liability measured at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of operations for each reporting period. The earnout shares are valued using the Company’s stock price as of the valuation date. The valuation methodology used is a Monte Carlo Simulation model (“MCS”) utilizing a Geometric Brownian motion process to capture meeting the various performance conditions. MCS is a technique that uses a stochastic process to create a range of potential future outcomes given a variety of inputs. Stochastic processes involve the use of both predictive

assumptions (e.g., volatility, risk-free rate) and random numbers to create potential outcomes of value. MCS assumes that stock prices take a random walk and cannot be predicted; therefore, random number generators are used to create random outcomes for stock prices. The fair value measurements are considered Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.

Prior to the Business Combination, the Company had common and preferred stock warrants issued in connection with the issuance of debt, the conversion of debt to preferred stock, and the issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock that were measured and recorded at fair market value as of the date of each transaction. These common and preferred stock warrants were classified in warrant liabilities and were measured and adjusted to their fair market value as of each reporting period as described in the paragraphs below.

The Company estimated the fair value of its common stock, Series C preferred stock, and Series C preferred warrants, which value was used in the determination of the value of warrants issued in connection with certain debt and preferred stock transactions and when measuring at the end of the reporting period. The Company considered the measurement of such liability-classified warrants in Level 3 due to significant unobservable inputs in this valuation.

The valuations were based on a combination of the income and market approach allocated to stockholders using an Option Pricing Model and applying a Discount for Lack of Marketability judgement based on the Finnerty put-option model. The key inputs to the valuation models that were utilized to estimate the fair value of the warrant liabilities included volatility, risk free rate, probability of subsequent funding, and discounts for lack of marketability.

These valuations were determined using a Probability Weighted Expected Return Method (PWERM) and a combination of several income and market approaches to determine the enterprise value of the Company. The enterprise value was adjusted for the probabilities of various scenarios/liquidity events that could have occurred and would have to create an overall weighted value of common stock as of each valuation date. Each liquidity scenario had unique probabilities based on the Company’s opinion, which was based on various discussions with potential investors, advisors, and market participants, which included unique facts and circumstances as of the valuation dates. The scenarios included early liquidation, a private merger and acquisition (“M&A”) transaction, staying a privately held company, and a special purpose acquisition company (“SPAC”) transaction/merger.

Each scenario was based on a different valuation methodology based on the unique risks, opportunities and a likely investor’s or market participant’s perspective. These included (a) Early liquidation: based on an Asset Approach using the existing equity value as of the valuation date; (b) Private M&A: based on a guideline transaction (market) approach using an assembled group of comparable transactions and trailing revenue metric/multiples; (c) Stay private: based on a discounted cash flow (income) approach using the Company’s non-SPAC forecast and a market-based discount rate; and (d) SPAC transaction: based on a guideline public company (market) approach using an assembled peer group of comparable companies and forward revenue metrics/multiples. Value was allocated to all outstanding securities through the PWERM using capitalization tables unique to each liquidity scenario.

The preliminary valuation was then discounted by applying a Discount for Lack of Marketability (“DLOM”) based on a Finnerty put-option model to determine a non-marketable, minority value of one share of common stock and one share of Series C preferred stock.

The Company’s non-financial assets, which primarily consist of property and equipment, are not required to be carried at fair value on a recurring basis and are reported at carrying value. However, on a periodic basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be fully recoverable, these along with other non-financial instruments are assessed for impairment and, if applicable, written down to and recorded at fair value.

Beneficial conversion features

The Company followed the beneficial conversion feature guidance in ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options, which applies to redeemable convertible preferred stock and convertible debt. A beneficial conversion feature is defined as a nondetachable conversion feature that is in the money at the commitment date.

The beneficial conversion feature guidance requires recognition of the conversion option’s in-the-money portion, the intrinsic value of the option, in equity, with an offsetting reduction to the carrying amount of the instrument. The resulting discount is amortized as interest over the life of the instrument. When there is a subsequent change to the conversion ratio

based on a future occurrence, the new conversion price may trigger the recognition of an additional beneficial conversion feature on occurrence.

As a result of the Business Combination, the unamortized portion of the beneficial conversion feature was recorded to additional paid-in capital.

Stock-based compensation

The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, under which share based payments that involve the issuance of common stock to employees and non-employees and meet the criteria for equity-classified awards are recognized in the financial statements as share-based compensation expense based on the fair value on the date of grant. The Company issues stock option awards and restricted stock unit awards to employees and non-employees.

The Company utilizes the Black-Scholes model to determine the fair value of the stock option awards, which requires the input of subjective assumptions. These assumptions include estimating (a) the length of time grantees will retain their vested stock options before exercising them for employees and the contractual term of the option for non-employees (“expected term”), (b) the volatility of the Company’s common stock price over the expected term, (c) expected dividends, and (d) the fair value of a share of common stock prior to the Business Combination. After the closing of the Business Combination, the Company’s board of directors determined the fair value of each share of common stock underlying stock-based awards based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock as reported by the NYSE on the date of grant. The Company has elected to recognize the adjustment to share-based compensation expense in the period in which forfeitures occur.

The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model are management’s best estimates, but the estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment (see Note 11). As a result, if other assumptions had been used, the recorded share-based compensation expense could have been materially different from that recorded in the financial statements.

Warrants and Warrant liabilities

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company assumed the liability associated with the Gig warrants. The Company accounts for the warrants for shares of the Company’s common stock that are not indexed to its own stock as liabilities at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. The warrants are subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date and any change in fair value is recognized as a “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities” in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company will continue to adjust the liability for changes in fair value until the earlier of the exercise or expiration of the common stock warrants. At that time, the portion of the warrant liability related to the common stock warrants will be reclassified to “Additional paid-in capital”.

The Lightning Systems common and preferred warrants, prior to the Business Combination, were accounted for in accordance with the authoritative guidance which requires that free-standing financial instruments with certain cash settlement features and/or associated with redeemable convertible preferred stock, which is classified as temporary equity, to be recorded at the fair value of the warrants. All outstanding common (with the exception of certain warrants that were issued to vendors discussed below) and all preferred warrants are recorded as “warrant liabilities” based on their fair value on the date of the transaction. See the “Fair value” significant accounting policy for a description of the determination of fair value. Any changes in the fair value of these instruments are reported as “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities.”

Warrants are separated from the host contract and reported at fair value when the warrant is a freestanding financial instrument that may ultimately require the issuer to settle the obligation by transferring assets. Under certain circumstances, most notably in the case of a deemed liquidation, the warrants issued in conjunction with Lightning Systems’ debt and preferred stock transactions may have been ultimately required to be settled by a transfer of assets, and as a result the warrants are reported as liabilities at fair value each reporting period.

In February 2021, the Company granted common warrants to certain vendors for services provided prior to March 31, 2021. Refer to Note 10 – Capital Structure.

As a result of the Business Combination, the remaining outstanding Lightning Systems warrants were converted to the Company’s common stock based on the Exchange Ratio.

Research and development

Research and development costs are primarily expensed when incurred and consist of personnel-related expenses including salaries, benefits, travel and stock-based compensation for personnel performing research and development activities; expenses related to materials, supplies and testing; and consulting and occupancy expenses. In addition, costs for certain property and equipment utilized for research and development are capitalized and depreciated to “Research and development” over the useful life of the asset based on the property and equipment policy discussed above.

Advertising

Advertising costs are expensed when incurred and are included in “Selling, general and administrative” expenses and total $128 and $22 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $244 and $51 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Derivative Liability

The Company accounts for the embedded conversion feature of the Convertible Note as a derivative liability. Pursuant to ASC 815-15, Derivatives and Hedging – Embedded Derivatives, the embedded conversion feature meets all three criteria to be bifurcated and accounted for separately from the host instrument, i.e., the Convertible Notes. Because this feature meets all criteria of a derivative instrument, it was accounted for and recorded as a derivative liability at fair value on the Company’s balance sheet with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of operations each reporting period.

Earnout Liability

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company recognized additional earnout shares as a liability. Pursuant to ASC 805, Business Combinations, the initial fair value of the earnout shares was recorded as a liability with the offset going to additional paid-in capital and with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of operations for each reporting period. The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the earnout liability measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	83,144	$	—
Initial recognition May 6, 2021	—		78,961
(Gain) Loss	(50,303)		12,376
Balance at end of period	$	32,841	$	91,337

Income taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax basis of other assets and liabilities. The Company provides for income taxes at the current and future enacted tax rates and laws applicable in each taxing jurisdiction. The Company uses a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and disclosures regarding uncertainties in income tax positions. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense in the consolidated statement of operations.

Earnings per share

Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) are computed by dividing net earnings (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS attributable to common shareholders is computed by adjusting net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding (if dilutive) during

each period. Potential common shares include shares issuable upon exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock awards. Anti-dilutive securities are excluded from diluted EPS.

Recent accounting pronouncements issued and adopted

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. The ASU includes amendments to the guidance on convertible instruments and the derivative scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity and simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments which include beneficial conversion features or cash conversion features by removing certain separation models in ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options. Additionally, the ASU requires entities to use the “if-converted” method when calculating diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2022, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Recent accounting pronouncements issued not yet adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments and has since modified the standard with several ASUs (collectively, the “credit loss standard”). The credit loss standard requires a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. The credit loss standard took effect for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. As amended in ASU 2019-10, for smaller reporting companies, the credit loss standard will take effect for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of this ASU will require a cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated deficit as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective (that is, a modified-retrospective approach). The Company expects to adopt this standard on January 1, 2023, and is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its financial statements.

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Reverse Recapitalization

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Reverse Recapitalization [Abstract]

Reverse Recapitalization

Reverse Recapitalization

On May 6, 2021, Gig consummated the Business Combination with Lightning Systems, with Lightning Systems surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gig. In connection with the Business Combination, certain Gig shareholders exercised their right to redeem certain of their outstanding shares for cash, resulting in the redemption of 5,816,664 shares of Gig common stock for gross redemption payments of $58,759. In addition, an investor purchased from the Company 2,500,000 shares of common stock (the “PIPE Shares”), for a purchase price of $10.00 per share and an aggregate purchase price of $25,000 pursuant to a separate subscription agreement dated as of December 10, 2020 (the “PIPE Financing”). The PIPE Financing investment closed simultaneously with the consummation of the Business Combination.

Upon the closing of the Business Combination, Gig’s certificate of incorporation was amended and restated to, among other things change the name of the corporation to Lightning eMotors, Inc. and to increase the total number of authorized shares of capital stock to 251,000,000, consisting of (a) 250,000,000 of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share and (b) 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

Immediately prior to the closing of the Business Combination, each issued and outstanding share of Lightning Systems redeemable, convertible preferred stock, was converted into shares of Lightning Systems common stock. This resulted in a conversion of 38,007,793 shares of Lightning Systems redeemable, convertible preferred stock into Lightning Systems common stock. Outstanding Lightning Systems short-term convertible notes were converted into an aggregate of 5,830,723 shares of Lightning Systems common stock. In addition, Lightning Systems had outstanding warrants that converted into 4,379,795 shares of Lightning Systems common stock.

Upon the closing of the Business Combination, Lightning Systems common stock issued and outstanding was canceled and converted into the right to receive Company common stock (the “Per Share Merger Consideration”) based on the Exchange Ratio. In addition, after closing and subject to the terms and conditions defined below, stockholders of the Company who have received, or are entitled to receive, any per share merger consideration (“Stockholder Earnout Group”) have the contingent right to receive an additional 16,463,096 shares of the Company’s common stock to be allocated on a pro rata basis among the members of the Stockholder Earnout Group. One-third of the earnout shares will be released to the Stockholder Earnout Group on a pro rata basis, if on or prior to the fifth anniversary of the closing date the volume

weighted average price (“VWAP”) of the Company’s common stock equals or exceed $12.00 per share of twenty of any thirty consecutive trading days. One-third of the earnout shares will be released to the Stockholder Earnout Group on a pro rata basis if on or prior to the fifth anniversary of the closing date the VWAP of the Company’s common stock equals or exceed $14.00 per share of twenty of any thirty consecutive trading days. One-third of the earnout shares will be released to the Stockholder Earnout Group on a pro rata basis if on or prior to the fifth anniversary of the closing date the VWAP of the Company’s common stock equals or exceed $16.00 per share of twenty of any thirty consecutive trading days. If these conditions have not been satisfied following the fifth anniversary of the closing date, any stockholder earnout shares remaining will be canceled. As of June 30, 2022, none of the contingencies under this agreement have been met and, accordingly, no shares of common stock have been issued.

Outstanding stock options, whether vested or unvested, to purchase shares of Lightning Systems common stock under the 2019 Plan (see Note 11) converted into stock options for shares of the Company’s common stock upon the same terms and conditions that were in effect with respect to such stock options immediately prior to the Business Combination, after giving effect to the Exchange Ratio.

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP. Under this method, Gig was treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. See Note 1 for further details. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination was treated as the equivalent of Lightning Systems issuing stock for the net assets of Gig, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Gig are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or intangible assets recorded.

Prior to the Business Combination, Lightning Systems and Gig filed separate standalone federal, state and local income tax returns. As a result of the Business Combination, structured as a reverse acquisition for tax purposes, Lightning Systems became the parent of the consolidated filing group with Gig as a subsidiary.

Unless otherwise indicated, all of the Company’s common stock as well as previously issued stock options and redeemable convertible preferred stock presented in the accompanying retroactively revised consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity (deficit) or in the related notes are presented on an as- or as if-converted basis, converted at the Exchange Ratio of 0.9406 and presented as shares or awards of the Company’s common stock.

The number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately following the consummation of the Business Combination:

	Number of Shares
Common stock, outstanding prior to Business Combination	25,893,479
Less: redemption of Gig shares	(5,816,664)
Common stock Gig	20,076,815
Shares issued in PIPE Financing	2,500,000
Business Combination and PIPE Financing shares	22,576,815
Lightning Systems shares (1)	50,652,890
Total shares of common stock outstanding immediately after Business Combination	73,229,705

(1)The number of Lightning Systems shares were calculated using the Exchange Ratio contemplated in the Business Combination of approximately 0.9406.

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Inventories

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventories

Inventories

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, inventories consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Raw materials	$	17,992	$	10,802
Work in progress	1,703		2,979
Finished goods	5,472		840
Total inventories	$	25,167	$	14,621

The Company reduced the cost of certain inventory to net realizable value and recorded cost reductions of $682 and $98 during the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $777 and $98 during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which were included in “Cost of revenues.”

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Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Vendor deposits	$	2,878	$	2,720
Prepaid insurance	3,427		1,975
Other prepaid expenses	1,911		2,324
Other current assets	35		48
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	8,251	$	7,067

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Property and Equipment

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment

Cost and accumulated depreciation as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are as follows:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Machinery and equipment	$	2,877	$	1,755
Vehicles	3,258		1,754
Leasehold improvements	2,607		1,024
Computer equipment	668		298
Software	112		798
Furniture and fixtures	596		331
Capital projects in progress	1,585		957
Total cost	11,703		6,917
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(2,544)		(2,026)
Total property and equipment, net	$	9,159	$	4,891

Depreciation and amortization expense associated with property and equipment is as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cost of revenues	$	125	$	49	$	210	$	87
Research and development	16		—		108		—
Selling, general and administrative	247		174		426		263
Total depreciation and amortization expense	$	388	$	223	$	744	$	350

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Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Accrued professional services	$	1,554	$	1,645
Accrued interest	841		841
Accrued payroll and benefits	2,103		1,014
Other accrued expense	1,411		368
Warranty liability	1,212		994
Customer deposits	619		85
Deferred revenue	129		62
Current portion of finance lease obligation	175		36
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	8,044	$	5,045

Changes in warranty liability (included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities) were as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,191	$	511	$	994	$	455
Charge for the period	448		380		700		591
Utilized during the period	(427)		(163)		(482)		(318)
Balance at end of period	$	1,212	$	728	$	1,212	$	728

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Notes Payable

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Notes Payable

Notes Payable

Notes payable as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Convertible Note	$	87,863	$	87,863
Facility	3,000		3,000
Total debt principal	90,863		90,863
Unamortized debt discount - Convertible Note	(22,649)		(27,055)
Unamortized debt discount - Facility	(33)		(40)
Total long-term debt	$	68,181	$	63,768

Convertible Note

In conjunction with the Business Combination, the Company entered into the 7.5% $100,000 Convertible Note and paid issuance costs of $5,000. The Convertible Note has a maturity date of May 15, 2024 and has semi-annual interest payments due May 15 and November 15 of each year starting on November 15, 2021. The Convertible Note has a conversion feature at a conversion price of $11.50 and warrants to purchase up to 8,695,641 shares of common stock for a per share price of $11.50. The Convertible Note has a mandatory conversion option that: a) is exercisable at the option of the Company on or after May 15, 2022; b) occurs when the Company’s stock price (1) is greater than 120% of the conversion price of $11.50, or $13.80 for 20 trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days and (2) the 30-day average daily trading volume during the applicable exercise period, i.e., consecutive 30 trading day period, is greater than or equal to $3,000; and c) the Company will make payments in accordance with the interest make-whole (defined below) amount in cash or issuance of additional shares of the Company’s common stock.

The interest make-whole amount means, with respect to the conversion of the Convertible Note, in an amount denominated in U.S. dollars, the sum of all regularly scheduled interest payments, if any, due on such Convertible Note on each interest payment date occurring after the conversion date for such conversion and on or before the maturity date; provided,

however, that (A) for these purposes, the amount of interest due on the interest payment date immediately after such conversion date will be deemed to be the following amount: (x) if such conversion date is prior to January 15, 2023, an amount equal to twelve months of interest and (y) if such conversion date is on or after January 15, 2023, any accrued and unpaid interest, if any, at such conversion date, plus any remaining amounts that would be owed to, but excluding, the maturity date in respect of such Convertible Note, including all regularly scheduled interest payments; and (B) if such conversion date occurs after the Company has sent a mandatory conversion notice, then the interest make-whole amount for such conversion shall be the sum of all regularly scheduled interest payments, if any, due on such Convertible Note on each interest payment date occurring after the conversion date for such conversion to, but excluding, the maturity date.

If the Company incurs other unpermitted indebtedness, it is required to redeem the Convertible Notes in full including outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest, plus (a) a prepayment premium equal to twelve months of interest on the principal amount of the Convertible Notes if such indebtedness event occurred prior to January 15, 2023; or (b) a prepayment premium equal to the amount of interest which would have accrued on the Convertible Notes through maturity (the “Redemption Feature”). In addition, the Company is required to issue to the holders a fixed number of warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock. The fixed number of warrants will be based on the principal balance of the Convertible Notes, divided by $11.50 (“Redemption Warrants”). The Redemption Warrants will be exercisable from the date of repayment of the Convertible Notes through the original maturity date of the Convertible Notes.

If the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock is increased by a stock split or other similar event, the number of shares issuable on exercise of each warrant shall be increased proportionately and the exercise price shall be decreased proportionately. Consequently, if the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock is decreased by a reverse stock split, consolidation, combination or reclassification of shares of Common Stock or other similar event, the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on exercise of each warrant shall be decreased proportionately and the exercise price shall be increased proportionately.

The Company has identified certain embedded derivatives related to its Convertible Note. Since the Convertible Note has a conversion feature whereby the principal amount will convert into a variable number of shares based on the future trading price of the Company’s common stock, the conversion feature is recorded as a derivative liability. Therefore, the fair value of the convertible feature at inception on May 6, 2021 in the amount of $17,063 was recorded as a debt discount and an addition to “Derivative liability” on the consolidated balance sheets. The derivative liability is adjusted to fair value each reporting period, with the changes in fair value reported in “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of derivative liability” on the consolidated statements of operations.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the convertible note derivative liability measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	17,418	$	—
Initial recognition May 6, 2021	—		17,063
(Gain) Loss	(12,642)		4,267
Balance at end of period	$	4,776	$	21,330

The Convertible Note warrants are considered free-standing instruments and meet the criteria for equity classification because they are indexed to the Company’s own stock and provide a fixed number of shares. Therefore, the fair value of the Convertible Note warrants on May 6, 2021 in the amount of $14,522 was recorded as a debt discount and an addition to “Additional paid-in capital” on the consolidated balance sheets.

Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $3,938 and $2,307, respectively, of which $1,647 and $1,089, respectively, related to contractual interest expense and $2,291 and $1,218, respectively, related to amortization of the discount. Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $7,701 and $2,307, of which $3,295 and $1,089, respectively, related to contractual interest expense and $4,406 and $1,218, respectively, related to amortization of the discount.

Facility

In October 2019, the Company entered into the Facility with a company represented on the Board of Lightning Systems. Upon consummation of the Business Combination, the company holding the Facility was no longer represented on the Board of Directors, (“ the Board”). The Facility provides for both term and working capital loans for borrowings up to $9,000 as of June 30, 2022. However, the Company’s Convertible Note requirements limit the Company’s permitted indebtedness to $5,000. Interest is payable quarterly on borrowings at a fixed annual rate of 15%. Borrowings under the Facility are secured by substantially all the Company’s assets, are subject to borrowing base limitations, and require the Company to meet certain covenants. The Facility borrowings, with a maturity date of October 21, 2024, were $3,000 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Interest expense related to the Facility was $115 and $435 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $229 and $1,061 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

In connection with entering into this Facility, the Company issued warrants in 2020 and 2019, exercisable into 60,241 and 301,205, respectively, shares of Series C preferred stock at the conversion price of $1.66 per share. At the time of issuance, the Company estimated the fair value of the warrants at $6 and $66, respectively, and recorded a debt discount, which is being recognized over the life of the Facility borrowings, and a warrant liability, which was adjusted to fair value each reporting period, with the changes in fair value reported as a component of “Other income, net.” As a result of the Business Combination, the warrants were converted to common stock based on the Exchange Ratio.

Related and Third-party 2020 short-term convertible notes payable

In August and September 2020, the Company borrowed $9,679 in the aggregate under convertible note purchase agreements from third parties ($6,454) and related parties ($3,225). The related parties included officers, a director, and individuals whose companies were represented on the Board of Lightning Systems. These convertible notes bore interest at 8%. Interest was payable monthly, with principal and unpaid interest due June 30, 2021. The notes were convertible into 5,830,723 Series C redeemable convertible preferred shares at the conversion price of $1.66 per share. These notes were subordinate to the Facility and third-party unsecured facility agreement.

The 2020 short-term notes were convertible into shares of Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock upon 1) a change in control having a value in excess of $200,000; 2) a debt or equity financing with aggregated gross proceeds in excess of $10,000; or 3) at maturity. Should the notes be converted at maturity, the debt holders would receive a beneficial conversion feature allowing the conversion at 75% of the lowest issue price. The Company recorded the beneficial conversion feature at its intrinsic value of $3,071. This was recorded as a debt discount and an addition to “Additional paid-in capital”. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, amortization of the debt discount of $315 and $1,296, respectively, was recorded to “Interest expense”.

As a result of the Business Combination, these convertible notes were converted to Series C redeemable convertible stock which converted into common stock based on the Exchange Ratio with the balance of $9,679 recorded to “Additional paid-in capital”. In addition, the accrued interest through the date of the closing of the Business Combination was forgiven.

Third party unsecured facility agreement

In March 2015, the Company borrowed $1,500 under an unsecured facility agreement. As a result of the Business Combination, the amount outstanding was paid in full.

Related party 2020 convertible notes payable

In February 2020, the Company borrowed $3,000 under two convertible note payable agreements from companies represented on the Board of Lightning Systems. Theses convertible notes bore interest at 8% and were subject to certain covenants. In May 2020, these notes were subject to a mandatory redemption in connection with a qualified equity offering of $3,000, resulting in a conversion into 2,118,819 shares of Series C preferred stock at a weighted average conversion price of $1.42 per share. The mandatory redemption was treated as a debt extinguishment for accounting purposes. To record the extinguishment, the fair value of consideration received and debt relieved was compared to the fair value of consideration paid and equity instruments issued. The fair value of consideration received was greater than the consideration paid. The excess fair value of $1,844 was recorded as a contribution to “Additional paid-in capital”.

In connection with the redemption, the Company issued short and long-term warrants, exercisable into 3,614,457 and 831,326, respectively, shares of Series C preferred stock at the conversion price of $1.66 per share. The Company estimated the fair value of the warrants at $336. The change in fair value was reported within “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities.” As a result of the Business Combination, the warrants were converted to common stock based on the Exchange Ratio.

Third-party secured promissory note

In February 2021, the Company borrowed $3,000 by entering into a promissory note with a third-party lender. The note was secured by substantially all the Company’s assets and bore an annual interest rate of 20%, of which 10% was to be paid in cash and 10% was to be paid-in-kind by adding such interest to the principal balance. Interest was to be paid quarterly beginning on April 30, 2021 until the earliest of the following events to occur: the maturity date of February 19, 2022; or 14 days after the closing of the Business Combination. The promissory note was paid upon the closing of the Business Combination.

Debt maturities

The total balance of all debt matures as follows:

Period Ending December 31,	Amount
2022 (remainder of the year)	$	—
2023	—
2024	90,863
Thereafter	—
Total	$	90,863

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Leases

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Leases

A contract is or contains a lease when, (1) the contract contains an explicitly or implicitly identified asset and (2) the customer obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of that underlying asset and directs how and for what purpose the asset is used during the term of the contract in exchange for consideration. The Company assesses whether an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception of the contract. For all leases, other than those that qualify for the short-term recognition exemption, the Company recognizes as of the lease commencement date on the balance sheet a liability for its obligation related to the lease and a corresponding asset representing the Company’s right to use the underlying asset over the period of use.

The Company leases its manufacturing center, distribution center, and office space (collectively “Operating Facility”) and certain information technology (“IT”) equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. The Company also leases equipment utilized in the manufacturing process under non-cancelable financing leases. These financing leases include either a bargain purchase option or the equipment reverts ownership to the Company at the end of the lease term.

The Company assesses the expected lease term at lease inception and discounts the lease using a fully-secured, annual incremental borrowing rate (or rate implicit in the lease, if readily determinable), adjusted for time value corresponding with the expected lease term. The Company elected, for all classes of underlying assets, to not apply the balance sheet recognition requirements of ASC 842, Leases, to leases with a term of one year or less, and instead, recognize the lease payments in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company also elected, for certain classes of underlying assets, to combine lease and non-lease components. The Company elected to combine lease and non-lease components for its Operating Facility, IT equipment and manufacturing equipment leases.

Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Operating		Finance		Operating		Finance
Assets
Right-of-use assets, net (1)	$	8,344	$	970	$	8,742	$	208
Liabilities
Lease obligation - current portion (2)	$	1,432	$	175	$	1,166	$	36
Lease obligation - long-term portion (3)	8,594		709		9,260		159
Total lease obligations	$	10,026	$	884	$	10,426	$	195
Weighted average remaining lease terms (in years)	4.7		5.3		5.2		5.0
Weighted average discount rate	15%		4%		15%		4%

(1)Finance right-of-use assets, net are included in “Other assets” on the consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Finance lease obligation – current portion is included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Finance lease obligation – long-term portion is included in “Other long-term liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s lease cost is presented below. The Company does not have any short-term leases or leases with variable lease payments. The financing lease cost for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was immaterial.

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Operating Lease Cost
Cost of revenues	$	261	$	156	$	522	$	289
Research and development	77		35		155		70
Selling, general and administrative	319		505		627		926
Total operating lease cost	$	657	$	696	$	1,304	$	1,285

The maturities of the Company’s lease liabilities are as follows:

	June 30, 2022
	Operating		Finance
2022 (remainder of year)	$	1,357	$	103
2023	2,912		205
2024	2,997		205
2025	3,043		160
2026	3,105		128
Thereafter	518		166
Total future minimum lease payments	13,932		967
Less: imputed interest	(3,906)		(83)
Total maturities	$	10,026	$	884

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Capital Structure

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Equity [Abstract]

Capital Structure

Capital StructureFor the purpose of this Note 10, the “Warrants” relate to the capital structure of the Company as a result of the Business Combination while the “Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock – Lightning Systems”, “Warrant Liabilities – Lightning Systems” and “Warrants issued to vendors” relate to the redeemable convertible preferred stock and warrants issued by Lightning Systems that were converted to common stock of the Company as of the date of the Business Combination.

Warrants

As of June 30, 2022, there are 24,365,719 warrants outstanding, of which 14,999,970 are public warrants, 8,695,641 are Convertible Note warrants and 670,108 are private placement warrants. Each whole warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as discussed below. Only whole warrants are exercisable. The warrants will expire at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on May 26, 2026, the fifth anniversary of the completion of the Company’s Business Combination, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.

The private placement warrants are identical to the public warrants except that such private placement warrants will be exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, and will not be redeemable by the Company, in each case so long as they are still held by the sponsor or its affiliates.

Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding warrants (excluding the private placement warrants):

•in whole and not in part;

•at a price of $0.01 per warrant;

•upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, which the Company refers to as the 30-day redemption period; and

•if, and only if, the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders.

The fair value of the private placement warrants on May 6, 2021 in the amount of $1,253 was recorded as a “Warrant liability” and a reduction to “Additional paid-in capital” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The change in fair value at each reporting date was recognized in “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The fair value of the Convertible Note warrants on May 6, 2021 in the amount of $14,522 was recorded as a debt discount and an addition to “Additional paid-in capital” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock – Lightning Systems

Series A, B and C redeemable convertible preferred shares were eligible for a cumulative annual simple return of 8% (the “preferred return”) on amounts paid to purchase their preferred shares upon a liquidation, winding up or dissolution of Lightning Systems, or if declared by the Board. No preferred dividends had been declared.

Lightning Systems’ preferred shares were not redeemable at the option of the holders. However, the holders of preferred shares could request that Lightning Systems redeem all outstanding preferred shares in accordance with their liquidation preferences in the event of a deemed liquidation in which Lightning Systems did not effect a dissolution of Lightning Systems under Delaware General Corporation Law within 90 days after such deemed liquidation event. Deemed liquidation events are defined to include (i) a merger or consolidation in which Lightning Systems is a constituent party, (ii) sale, lease, exclusive license or other disposition or the sale or disposition of substantially all of Lightning Systems’ assets, or (iii) a “change in control” transaction in which then-current stockholders’ controlled less than 50% of the voting power of the entity resulting from the transaction. Accordingly, these shares were considered contingently redeemable and were classified as temporary equity.

In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Lightning Systems, any remaining assets of Lightning Systems were to be distributed as follows: (i) first, to holders of Series C preferred shares, an amount equivalent to 1.25 times the original purchase price per share plus the accrued but unpaid preferred return per share; (ii) second, to holders of Series B preferred shares, an amount equivalent to 1.25 times the original purchase price per share plus the preferred accrued but unpaid return per share; (iii) third, to holders of Series A preferred shares, an amount equivalent to 1.00 times the original purchase price per share plus the accrued but unpaid preferred return per share; and (iv) any remaining assets after satisfying the required distributions to preferred stockholders are distributed pro rata among preferred and common stockholders on an if-converted basis.

Series A, B and C preferred shares were to be convertible into common shares at any time at the option of the holder, and are automatically converted into common shares upon the affirmative election of more than 70% of the Series B and Series

C preferred stockholders, or upon the closing of a sale of common shares in an initial public offering (“IPO”) with gross proceeds to Lightning Systems of $50,000 or more accompanied by a listing of such common shares on the Nasdaq’s National Market, the New York Stock Exchange, or another exchange approved by the Board.

See Note 8 for a description of the convertible debt conversion transactions and warrant liabilities under this Note 10 regarding warrants issued in connection with the preferred share purchases.

In connection with the 2019 Series C preferred stock issued for cash, Lightning Systems issued warrants, exercisable into 702,811 shares of Series C preferred stock at the conversion price of $1.66 per share. Lightning Systems estimated the fair value of the warrants at $155 and recorded a warrant liability, which is reported at fair value at each reporting period, with the change in fair value reported as “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities.”

In connection with the 2020 Series C preferred stock issued in connection with the redemption of related party 2020 convertible notes payable of $3,000 and cash of $3,000, Lightning Systems issued warrants, exercisable into 4,445,783 shares of Series C preferred stock at the weighted average conversion price of $1.42 per share. Lightning Systems estimated the fair value of the warrants at $336 and recorded a warrant liability, which is reported at fair value at each reporting period, with the change in fair value reported as “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities.”

As a result of the Business Combination, the preferred Series A, B and C shares were converted to common stock based on the Exchange Ratio. As a result, the balances of $18,036, $4,101 and $35,203, respectively, were charged to “Addition paid-in capital”.

Warrant Liabilities – Lightning Systems

Lightning Systems issued warrants that enabled the holder to exercise in exchange for common shares or Series C preferred shares. The warrant agreements were reissued on December 31, 2019 upon Lightning Systems’ conversion from an LLC partnership to a C corporation. All terms remained identical. See Note 8 and under the section redeemable convertible preferred stock of this Note 10 for descriptions of the underlying transactions.

Series C warrants were exercisable by the holder at any time at the stated exercise price, which price is subject to adjustment to provide anti-dilution protection to the holder. Upon the closing of an initial public offering, or a merger, sale or other transaction involving substantially all of the assets of Lightning Systems (a “Deemed Liquidation”) the holder may require Lightning Systems to purchase any unexercised warrants at net value equal to the difference between the exercise price of the warrant and the proceeds the holder would have otherwise received as a result of the Deemed Liquidation or initial public offering. Lightning Systems had no obligation to file for registration of the shares issuable upon exercise of the warrant under the Securities Act. No fractional shares would be issued upon exercise. If upon exercise, the holder would be entitled to a fractional share, the number of shares issued upon exercise would be rounded to the nearest whole share and the difference settled in cash.

As described above in the redeemable convertible preferred stock section of this Note 10, during the three months ended March 31, 2021 one of the preferred warrant holders exercised their warrants to purchase 903,614 shares of Series C preferred stock at an exercise price of $1.66 for cash proceeds of $1,500. At the time of the exercise, the fair value of the warrants was deemed to be $5.87-$5.90 per warrant. In connection with the exercise, the warrant liability was reduced by $5,310 with the offset recorded to Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock in addition to the cash proceeds received. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, one of the preferred warrant holders exercised their warrants to purchase 963,855 shares of Series C preferred stock at an exercise price of $1.66 for cash proceeds of $1,600. At the time of the exercise, the fair value of the warrants was deemed to be $5.87-$5.90 per warrant. In connection with the exercise, the warrant liability was reduced by $5,658 with the offset recorded to Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock in addition to the cash proceeds received.

Warrants issued to vendors – Lightning Systems

In February 2021, the Board of Directors of Lightning Systems authorized the grant of 125,000 warrants to purchase common stock of Lightning Systems to three vendors who provided various sales and marketing related services prior to March 31, 2021. The warrants were immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $6.18 per share and had a contractual life of five years but required conversion upon the completion of the Business Combination. The fair value of the warrants was deemed to be $3.46 on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following inputs: value of common share $6.18; exercise price of $6.18 per share; 5 year term; risk-free interest rate of 0.62%; and volatility of

68%. As the warrants were issued for services already provided, the value of the warrants of $433 was expensed to “Selling, general and administrative” expense, and offset to “Additional paid-in capital” as the warrants were deemed to be equity instruments under ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. As a result of the Business Combination, the outstanding warrants issued to these vendors were converted to common stock.

The following table presents information for the Common and Series C preferred warrants, that have been converted to common stock as a result of the Business Combination, and outstanding Gig private warrants that were assumed in the Business Combination:

	Number of Warrants	Warrant Fair Value		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life
Warrants to purchase common stock
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 (1)	610,202	$	2,270	$	0.27	3.3
Exercise of common warrants (1)	(69,232)	(489)		0.27		—
Change in fair value	—	3,102		—		—
Issued in connection with the Business Combination as common stock - charged to APIC	(540,970)	(4,883)		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2021	—	—		—		—
Warrants to purchase Series C preferred stock
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 (1)	5,938,193	$	18,885	$	1.76	2.7
Exercise of warrants to purchase redeemable convertible preferred stock (1)	(1,756,526)	(10,968)		1.76		—
Change in fair value	—	24,779		—		—
Issued in connection with the Business Combination as common stock - charged to APIC	(4,181,667)	(32,696)		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2021	—	—		—		—
Private warrants assumed through Business Combination
Outstanding at December 31, 2020	—	$	—	$	—	—
Warrants assumed	670,108	1,253		11.50		5.0
Change in fair value	—	255		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2021	670,108	1,508		11.50		4.9
Outstanding — December 31, 2021	670,108	$	2,185	$	11.50	4.3
Change in fair value	—	(1,314)		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2022	670,108	871		11.50		3.9

(1)Warrant amounts have been retroactively restated to give effect to the recapitalization transaction.

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Stock-Based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

2021 Equity Incentive Plan

In connection with the Business Combination, the stockholders approved the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”). The 2021 Plan provides the Company the ability to grant incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units, performance units, performance shares, cash-based awards and other stock-based awards. The purpose of the 2021 Plan is to advance the interests of the Company and its stockholders by providing an incentive to attract, retain and reward persons for performing services and by motivating such persons to contribute to the growth and profitability of the Company and its subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2022, there were 17,794,239 shares reserved and 13,483,440 shares available for grant under the 2021 Plan.

2019 Equity Incentive Plan

The 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (“2019 Plan”) provided for the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, and other awards. As a result of the Business Combination, the 2019 Plan was superseded by the 2021 Plan; therefore, no further awards will be granted under the 2019 Plan. As of June 30, 2022, there were 2,416,881 stock options previously granted and unexercised under the 2019 Plan, which remain subject to the terms and conditions of the 2019 Plan.

Compensation Expense

To date, the Company has issued stock option and restricted stock unit (“RSU”) awards. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the awards issued at the date of grant and amortized on a straight-line basis as the employee renders services over the requisite service period. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur by reversing the expense previously recognized for non-vested awards that were forfeited during the period. The following table presents the stock-based compensation related to stock option and RSU awards for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Stock options expense
Cost of revenues	$	5	$	8	$	10	$	13
Research and development	10		16		19		22
Selling, general and administrative	192		104		384		161
Total stock options expense	$	207	$	128	$	413	$	196
Restricted stock units expense
Cost of revenues	$	53	$	—	$	107	$	—
Research and development	33		—		79		—
Selling, general and administrative	1,143		—		1,809		—
Total restricted stock units expense	$	1,229	$	—	$	1,995	$	—
Total stock-based compensation	$	1,436	$	128	$	2,408	$	196

The estimated unrecognized expense for stock options and RSUs not vested as of June 30, 2022, which will be recognized over the remaining requisite service period, is as follows:

Stock options unrecognized expense	$	2,834
Stock options weighted-average remaining requisite service period (in years)	2.4
Restricted stock units unrecognized expense	$	13,191
Restricted stock units weighted-average remaining requisite service period (in years)	2.9

Stock Option Awards

Stock option awards are issued to employees with an exercise price equal to the estimated fair market value per share at the date of grant and a term of 10 years. Stock option awards generally vest over 4 years. It is the Company’s policy to issue

new shares upon option exercise. Changes in the Company’s stock options for the six months ended June 30, 2022 are presented in the table below.

	Number of Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years)
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	3,209,517	$	1.66
Granted	520,834	3.92
Exercised	(305,004)	0.40
Forfeited	(37,920)	0.22
Expired	(2,645)	0.34
Outstanding at June 30, 2022	3,384,782	2.14		$	5,524	7.6
Vested and exercisable at June 30, 2022	1,411,811	1.11		3,117		6.3

Changes in the status of the Company’s non-vested share awards for the six months ended June 30, 2022 are presented in the table below.

	Non-vested Shares Under Option	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Non-vested at January 1, 2022	2,137,050	$	1.21
Granted	520,834	2.33
Vested	(646,993)	1.13
Forfeited	(37,920)	0.17
Non-vested at June 30, 2022	1,972,971	1.52

The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised were $1,056 and $3,434 during the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $1,162 and $3,951 during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

A Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions was utilized to determine the fair value of options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022
Expected volatility	61.0%
Dividend yield	0%
Risk-free interest rate	2.95%
Expected term (in years)	6.25

The expected volatility was derived from the volatility of historical stock prices of similar publicly traded companies. The dividend yield represents the Company’s anticipated cash dividend over the expected term of the stock options. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve rates with maturities consistent with the expected term of the related stock options. The expected term represents the period of time that the Company anticipates the stock options to be outstanding based on historical experience and future expectations.

Restricted Stock Unit Awards

The Company grants RSU awards to employees that generally vest over 3 years. RSU awards are valued based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.

	Number of RSUs	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	935,148	$	7.59
Granted	2,341,110	4.02
Released	(270,484)	6.98
Forfeited	(39,140)	8.11
Outstanding at June 30, 2022	2,966,634	4.82

Other Employee Benefits - 401(k) Savings Plan

The Company has an employee-directed 401(k) savings plan (the “401(k) Plan”) for all eligible employees over the age of 21. Under the 401(k) Plan, employees may make voluntary contributions based on a percentage of their pretax income, subject to statutory limitations. The Company matches 100% for the first 3% of each employee’s contribution and 50% for the next 2% of each employee’s contribution. The Company’s cash contributions are fully vested upon the date of match. The Company made matching cash contributions of $200 and $83 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $365 and $143 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

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Income Taxes	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income TaxesThe provision for income taxes is recorded at the end of each interim period based on the Company’s best estimate of its effective income tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year. There is no provision for income taxes because the Company has incurred taxable losses since inception. The Company’s effective income tax rate was 0% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and the realization of any deferred tax assets is not more likely than not.

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Earnings (Loss) per Common Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings (Loss) per Common Share

Earnings (Loss) per Common Share

Basic income or loss per common share is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income or loss per common share is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, plus the issuance of potentially dilutive common shares that could result from the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants, vesting of restricted stock and conversion of convertible notes. No potentially dilutive common shares are included in the computation of any diluted per share amount when a loss is reported, which was the case for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. The Company applied the treasury stock method to account for the dilutive impact of its options, warrants and restricted stock units and the if-converted method for its Convertible Note.

The following table reconciles the earnings (loss) and number of common shares used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per common share attributable to the Company’s shareholders:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Basic earnings per common share:
Net income (loss) - basic	$	35,738	$	(46,058)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)
Weighted shares outstanding - basic	75,408,116		58,560,928		75,268,854		45,924,405
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	0.47	$	(0.79)	$	0.33	$	(1.60)
Diluted earnings per common share:
Net income (loss) - basic	$	35,738	$	(46,058)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)
Add: Convertible Note interest expense, net of tax	3,938				7,701
Reverse: Change in fair value of derivative liability	(10,087)				(12,642)
Net income (loss) - diluted	$	29,589	$	(46,058)	$	20,041	$	(73,494)
Weighted shares outstanding - basic	75,408,116		58,560,928		75,268,854		45,924,405
Add: Dilutive effects of stock options and restricted stock units	2,161,848				2,372,201
Add: Dilutive effects of if-converted Convertible Note	7,640,246				7,640,246
Weighted shares outstanding - diluted	85,210,210		58,560,928		85,281,301		45,924,405
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	0.35	$	(0.79)	$	0.23	$	(1.60)

The Company excluded the following potential common shares from the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share for the periods indicated below because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect. The Company also excluded the earnout shares as they are not currently issued and outstanding and will not be issued until satisfaction of the applicable stock price levels as described in Note 3. As a result of the Business Combination, the underlying shares have been retroactively restated to give effect to the recapitalization based on the Exchange Ratio.

	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022	2021	2022	2021
Convertible notes payable	—	8,695,652	—	8,695,652
Outstanding warrants	24,365,719	24,365,719	24,365,719	24,365,719
Stock options	946,560	3,500,121	946,560	3,500,121
Restricted stock units	915,322	—	799,823	—
Total anti-dilutive stock	26,227,601	36,561,492	26,112,102	36,561,492

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Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Firm Purchase and Other Commitments

The Company is party to firm purchase commitments with some of its suppliers. A firm purchase commitment represents an agreement that specifies all significant terms, including price and timing of the transactions, and includes a disincentive for non-performance that is sufficiently large to make performance probable. This disincentive is generally in the form of a take-or-pay provision, which requires the Company to pay for committed volumes regardless of whether the Company actually acquires the materials. The Company evaluates these agreements and records a loss, if any, on firm purchase commitments using the same lower of cost or market approach as that used to value inventory.

The Company is currently in negotiations with certain suppliers to either blend and extend or terminate some of its future commitments due to supply chain constraints and cost increases for both parties. A significant portion of the Company’s 2023, 2024 and 2025 commitment is associated with an agreement that contractually requires re-negotiation due to significant increases in inflation. The Company has not recognized any losses associated with future penalties, as it is more likely than not that that the Company will not have to pay penalties resulting from not meeting these firm commitments.

However, if negotiations are not successful, the Company may incur losses in future periods.

The Company also has other commitments, including marketing and software subscription agreements and equipment leases. The equipment leases included here only relate to leases for which the equipment had not yet been delivered to the Company as of June 30, 2022. Since the Company did not receive the equipment, the related right-of-use asset and lease liability were not recognized as of June 30, 2022. However, the Company was still committed to the financing arrangement. All other financial commitments under leasing arrangements are described in Note 9.

The amounts in the table below represent the Company’s future minimum commitments.

	As of June 30, 2022
	Firm Purchase		Other		Total
2022 (remainder of the year)	$	15,448	$	313	$	15,761
2023	79,191		500		79,691
2024	57,620		125		57,745
2025	82,000		25		82,025
2026	—		25		25
Thereafter	—		12		12
Total	$	234,259	$	1,000	$	235,259

Legal Proceedings

Aside from these proceedings described below, the Company may be involved in legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business from time to time. While the Company believes that such matters are currently not material, there can be no assurance that matters arising in the ordinary course of business for which the Company is or could become involved in litigation will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations. The Company records an accrual for legal contingencies when it determines that it is probable that it has incurred a liability and it can reasonably estimate the amount of the loss.

On August 4, 2021, a purported stockholder of the Company filed a putative class action complaint in the Delaware Chancery Court, captioned Delman v. GigCapitalAcquisitions3, LLC, et al. (Case No. 2021-0679) on behalf of a purported class of stockholders. The lawsuit names GigCapitalAcquisitions3, LLC and the Company’s former directors Dr. Katz, Dr. Dinu, and Messrs. Betti-Berutto, Mikulsky, Miotto and Wang, as defendants. The lawsuit alleges that the defendants breached their fiduciary duty stemming from Gig’s merger with Lightning Systems and unjust enrichment of certain of the defendants. The lawsuit seeks, among other relief, unspecified damages, redemption rights, and attorneys’ fees. Neither the Company nor any of its current officers or directors are parties to the lawsuit. The Company’s former directors are subject to certain indemnification obligations of the Company.

In addition, on October 15, 2021, the Company and certain of its officers were named as defendants in a putative securities class action. The action is pending in the U.S. District Court for the District of Colorado, and is captioned Shafer v. Lightning eMotors, Inc., et al., Case No. 1:21-cv02774. The lawsuit alleges violations of Sections 10(b), Section 14(a) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder for purported false or misleading statements regarding the Company’s business operations and financial condition. A related lawsuit captioned Cohen v. Lightning eMotors, Inc., et al., Case No. 1:21-cv-03215, was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado on December 1, 2021. On December 17, 2021, the Cohen lawsuit was consolidated with the Shafer lawsuit. On April 22, 2022, the court appointed a lead plaintiff in the consolidated lawsuit. The lead plaintiff’s filed a consolidated complaint on May 20, 2022. On July 13, 2022, the Company and the other defendants filed a motion to dismiss the class action. The plaintiffs seek damages in an unspecified amount, attorneys’ fees, and other remedies. The Company believes the allegations are without merit and intends to defend vigorously against such allegations.

The Company has received a subpoena from the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) requesting certain information about the Company’s business (including historical and projected performance, among other things) as part of a non-public fact-finding investigation. The Company is cooperating fully with the SEC’s investigation. The SEC has informed the Company that its investigation and subpoena does not mean that the SEC has concluded that anyone has violated the law, or that it has a negative opinion of any person, entity or security. At this point, the Company cannot predict the eventual scope, duration, or outcome of this matter.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Use of estimates

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s most significant estimates and judgments involve deferred income taxes, allowance for doubtful accounts, warranty liability, write downs and write offs of obsolete and damaged inventory and valuations of share-based compensation, warrant liability, convertible note derivative liability and earnout share liability. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to the Company’s financial statements.

Segment information

Segment information

ASC 280, Segment Reporting, defines operating segments as components of an enterprise where discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company operates as a single operating segment. The Company’s CODM is the Chief Executive Officer, who has ultimate responsibility for the operating performance of the Company and the allocation of resources. The CODM uses Company forecasts, a financial and operations dashboard, and cash flows as the primary measures to manage the business and does not segment the business for internal reporting or decision making.

Concentrations of credit risk

Concentrations of credit riskAs of June 30, 2022, one customer accounted for 46% of the Company’s total accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2021, three customers accounted for 40%, 20% and 17% of total accounts receivable.

Concentrations of supplier risk

Concentrations of supplier riskAs of June 30, 2022, one supplier accounted for 30% of the Company’s total accounts payable. As of December 31, 2021, three suppliers accounted for 20%, 19% and 11% of the Company’s total accounts payable. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, two suppliers accounted for 42% and 32% of inventory purchases. For the three months ended June 30, 2021, two suppliers accounted for 24% and 13% of inventory purchases. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, two suppliers accounted for 40% and 26% of inventory purchases. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, two suppliers accounted for 18% and 16% of inventory purchases.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash held in banks and in money market funds. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are placed with high-credit-quality financial institutions and issuers, and at times exceed federally insured limits. To date, the Company has not experienced any credit loss relating to its cash and cash equivalents. The carrying value of the cash equivalents approximates fair value, which represents a Level 1 input.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivableAccounts receivable are recorded at invoiced amounts, net of discounts, and allowances. The Company grants credit in the normal course of business to its customers. The Company periodically performs credit analyses and monitors the financial condition of its customers to reduce credit risk. The Company reduces the carrying value for estimated uncollectible accounts based on a variety of factors including the length of time receivables are past due, economic trends and conditions affecting the Company’s customer base, and historical collection experience. Specific provisions are recorded for individual receivables when the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations. The Company writes off accounts receivable when they are deemed uncollectible.

Inventories

InventoriesInventories consist of raw materials, work in progress, and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on the average cost method. A valuation adjustment is made to inventory for any excess, obsolete or slow-moving items based on management’s review of on-hand inventories compared to historical and estimated future sales and usage profiles.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment

Property and equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful asset lives. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost and amortized on the straight-line basis over their estimated economic useful lives or the lease term, whichever is shorter. Costs of enhancements or modifications that substantially extend the capacity or useful life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated accordingly. Ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is included in the consolidated statements of operations in “Cost of revenues”, “Research and development” and “Selling, general and administrative”. When property is retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the consolidated balance sheets and the resulting gain or loss, if any, is reflected in “Other income, net.” The estimated useful lives of the Company’s major classes of property and equipment are as follows:

Major Class of Property and Equipment	Useful Lives
Machinery and equipment	7 years
Vehicles	5 years
Leasehold improvements	5 years
Computer equipment	3 years
Software	3 years
Furniture and fixtures	7 years

Impairment of long-lived assets

Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets to be held and used in the Company’s operations are evaluated for impairment when events or circumstances indicate the carrying value of a long-lived asset or asset group is less than the undiscounted cash flows from its use and eventual disposition over its remaining economic life. The Company assesses recoverability by comparing the sum of projected undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition over the remaining economic life of a long-lived asset or asset group to its carrying value, and records a loss from impairment if the carrying value is more than its undiscounted cash flows. Assets or asset groups to be abandoned or from which no future benefit is expected are written down to zero in the period it is determined they will no longer be used and are removed entirely from service. There were no impairments of long-lived assets recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

Prior to the Business Combination, the Company had redeemable preferred stock outstanding that was classified as temporary equity in the mezzanine section of the balance sheet due to the contingently redeemable nature of the preferred stock. As described in Note 1, the equity structure has been restated in all comparative periods prior to the Closing Date. For the periods in which the redeemable convertible preferred stock was outstanding, the Company did not believe that the related contingent events and the redemption of the preferred stock was probable to occur and did not accrete the preferred stock to redemption value.

Revenue recognition

Revenue recognition

Revenue Summary

The following table disaggregates revenue by major source:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
ZEVs	$	2,884	$	5,350	$	8,063	$	9,496
Zero-emission powertrains	336		130		336		218
Other	316		443		549		800
Total	$	3,536	$	5,923	$	8,948	$	10,514

The Company manufactures and sells medium and heavy-duty ZEVs, such as delivery trucks and buses. The Company manufactures ZEVs by installing and integrating its internally-developed, zero-emission powertrain into a vehicle chassis supplied by original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) partners or from the customer. At times, the Company also installs and integrates its zero-emission powertrains into a used vehicle chassis supplied by the customer (“repower”). The Company also manufactures and sells its stand-alone, zero-emission powertrains directly to customers.

The Company recognizes revenue at a point in time when its performance obligation has been satisfied and control of the ZEV or zero-emission powertrain is transferred to the customer, which generally aligns with shipping terms. Contract shipping terms include ExWorks (“EXW”), “FOB Shipping Point” and “FOB Destination” all as defined in the Incoterms. Under EXW (meaning the seller fulfills its obligation to deliver when it makes goods available at its premises, or another specified location, for the buyer to collect), the performance obligation is satisfied and control is transferred at the point when the customer is notified that the ZEV or zero-emission powertrain is available for pickup. Under “FOB Shipping Point,” control is transferred to the customer at the time the good is transferred to the shipper and under “FOB Destination,” at the time the good is delivered to a customer’s specified delivery location. At times, the Company sells ZEVs that require additional upfitting from a third party before the final sale to the customer. The Company is acting as the principal in such transactions and revenue is recognized on a gross basis.

Other revenue primarily includes the sale of charging systems, engineering consulting services, telematics and analytics subscription services and decontented parts. Revenue for chargers and decontented parts is generally recognized based on contract shipping terms. At times, chargers may be drop shipped directly to the customer from the manufacturer, in which revenue is recognized at the time of shipment. The Company is acting as the principal in such transactions and revenue is recognized on a gross basis. Services are recognized as revenue over time as either percentage of completion (i.e. engineering service contracts) or as the service is transferred to the customer (i.e. telematics and analytics subscription services).

The Company made an accounting policy election to account for any shipping and handling costs that occur after control has transferred to the customer as fulfillment costs that are accrued to cost of revenues at the time control transfers. Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are initially recorded in deferred revenue and recognized as revenue once shipping is complete.

The Company often applies for governmental funding programs, including the Hybrid and Zero Emission Truck and Bus Voucher Incentive Project (“HVIP”), on behalf of its customers for ZEV sales. Generally, as a condition of the program, the amount billed to the customer must be reduced by the amount that will be funded by the government program, and the Company will receive the funds directly from the government program. However, the discount to the customer is contingent upon the Company’s receipt of the funding. Revenue is recognized on the gross amount of the ZEV at the time substantially all of the conditions of the government program required of the Company have been met and control of the ZEV has transferred to the customer based on shipping terms.

The following economic factors affect the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of the Company’s revenue and cash flows as indicated:

•Type of customer: The Company’s sales are directly to commercial fleet customers, OEMs, governments and dealers.

•Type of contract: Sales contracts are for goods or services. The majority of contracts are short term (i.e., less than or equal to one year in duration).

Significant Payment Terms

None of the Company’s contracts have a significant financing component. Any cash that is received prior to revenue recognition is deferred as deferred revenue (a contract liability) until the good is delivered or service is rendered.

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities relate to payments received in advance of performance obligations under the contract and are realized when the associated revenue is recognized under the contracts. The Company’s contract liabilities consist of customer deposits and deferred revenue, which are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in contract liabilities are as follows:

Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	147
Revenues recognized	(412)
Increase due to billings	1,013
Balance as of June 30, 2022	$	748

The Company recognized revenue of $62 during the six months ended June 30, 2022 that was included in the contract liability balance as of December 31, 2021.

Returns and Refunds

Consideration paid for goods and/or services that customers purchase from the Company are nonrefundable. Therefore, at the time revenue is recognized, the Company does not estimate expected refunds for goods or services, nor does the Company exclude any such amounts from revenue.

Transaction Price

The transaction price of a contract is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods to a customer. Transaction prices do not include amounts collected on behalf of third parties (e.g., sales taxes). Sales taxes collected on sales are recorded as a sales tax liability and are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities.”

To determine the transaction price of a contract, the Company considers its customary business practices and the terms of the contract. For the purpose of determining transaction prices, the Company assumes that the goods and/or services will be transferred to the customer as promised in accordance with existing contracts and that the contracts will not be canceled, renewed, or modified. The Company’s revenue terms do not include retrospective or prospective volume discounts, rights of return, rebates, performance bonuses or other forms of variable consideration.

The Company’s contracts with customers have fixed transaction prices that are denominated in U.S. dollars and payable in cash.

Future Performance Obligations

The Company has applied the practical expedient to exclude the value of remaining performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original term of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue in proportion to the amount it has the right to invoice for services performed (i.e. analytical data subscription services).

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had remaining performance obligations related to a non-cancellable (other than for a breach by the Company) minimum-quantity purchase commitment. The customer is obligated to purchase a fixed number of ZEVs through December 31, 2023, however, the price varies based on which year the customer orders each ZEV (in 2022 or 2023). The Company estimates that the future revenues associated with this contract (based on estimated orders from the customer for 2022) to be $4,900 in 2022 and $6,300 in 2023. The timing of the revenue associated with these estimates will change if the ZEVs are commissioned and/or shipped subsequent to the year in which they were ordered, as

revenue will not be recognized until control of the ZEV transfers to the customer based on the purchase order shipping terms.

Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract with a Customer

The Company has elected the practical expedient to expense contract acquisition costs, which consist of sales commissions, which are reported within “Selling, general and administrative” expenses.

Warranties

Warranties

In most cases, goods that customers purchase from the Company are covered by five-year and 60-thousand-mile limited product warranty. The Company has not sold warranties separately.

At the time revenue is recognized, the Company estimates the cost of expected future warranty claims and accrues estimated future warranty costs based upon the history of warranty claims. The Company periodically reviews the adequacy of its product warranties and adjusts, if necessary, the warranty estimate and accrued warranty liability for actual historical experience. The warranty liability is included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” and the cost of warranties is included in “Cost of revenues.”

Fair value measurements, and financial instruments

Fair value, measurements, and financial instruments

A fair value hierarchy was established that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques (market approach, income approach, and cost approach). The Company’s financial assets and liabilities are measured using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. The three levels of the hierarchy and the related inputs are as follows:

•Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company can access at the measurement date.

•Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

An asset’s or liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Valuation techniques used need to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on one or more of the following three valuation techniques:

•Market approach: Prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities.

•Cost approach: Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost).

•Income approach: Techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount based upon market expectations (including present value techniques, option pricing and excess earnings models).

The Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, however, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. The Company’s recurring fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 discussed below contain significant unobservable inputs. A change in those significant unobservable inputs could result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement at the reporting date.

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, warrant liabilities, long-term debt, derivative liabilities and earnout liabilities. The carrying value of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of those instruments.

Long-term debt is not presented at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as it is recorded at carrying value, net of unamortized debt discounts. However, the 7.5% $100,000 convertible senior note (the “Convertible Note”) has an

embedded conversion option accounted for as a derivative liability, which is presented at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the Convertible Note, including the conversion option, was $64,567 and $76,614 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company’s term note and working capital facility (“Facility”) had an outstanding term note with a principal amount of $3,000 as of both June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and a fair value of $3,308 and $4,173 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
As of June 30, 2022
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	$	117,260	$	—	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	$	—	$	—	$	871
Derivative liability	—		—		4,776
Earnout liability	—		—		32,841
As of December 31, 2021
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	$	150,022	$	—	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	$	—	$	—	$	2,185
Derivative liability	—		—		17,418
Earnout liability	—		—		83,144

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had cash equivalents held in a money market account. The Company has concluded that due to the highly liquid nature of the money market account, the carrying value approximates fair value, which represents a Level 1 input.

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company assumed the liability associated with the Gig warrants. The Company accounts for the warrants as liabilities at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the statement of operations for each reporting period. The fair value is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model (“BSM”) where the share price input represents the Company’s stock price as of the valuation date. The BSM is a commonly-used mathematical model for pricing an option or warrant. In particular, the model estimates the variation in value over time of financial instruments. The fair value measurements are considered Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company estimates the fair value of its derivative liability associated with the Convertible Note at each reporting date, as well as at each conversion date. The Convertible Note and embedded conversion option are valued using a Binomial Lattice Model designed to capture incremental value attributed to the conversion options in addition to the value of the Convertible Note. The value of the Convertible Note without the conversion feature is valued utilizing the income approach, specifically the discounted cash flow method. Cash flows are discounted utilizing the U.S. Treasury rate and the credit spread to estimate the appropriate risk-adjusted rate. The conversion feature utilizes the Company’s stock price as of the valuation date as the starting point of the valuation. A Binomial Lattice Model is used to estimate a credit spread by solving for a premium to the U.S. Treasury rate that produces a value of the Convertible Note. As of issuance, the value of the Convertible Note and warrants related to the Convertible Note were set to equal $100,000 to solve for the credit spread which is then updated quarterly. The fair value measurements are considered Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company recognized additional earnout shares with performance conditions as a liability measured at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of operations for each reporting period. The earnout shares are valued using the Company’s stock price as of the valuation date. The valuation methodology used is a Monte Carlo Simulation model (“MCS”) utilizing a Geometric Brownian motion process to capture meeting the various performance conditions. MCS is a technique that uses a stochastic process to create a range of potential future outcomes given a variety of inputs. Stochastic processes involve the use of both predictive

assumptions (e.g., volatility, risk-free rate) and random numbers to create potential outcomes of value. MCS assumes that stock prices take a random walk and cannot be predicted; therefore, random number generators are used to create random outcomes for stock prices. The fair value measurements are considered Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.

Prior to the Business Combination, the Company had common and preferred stock warrants issued in connection with the issuance of debt, the conversion of debt to preferred stock, and the issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock that were measured and recorded at fair market value as of the date of each transaction. These common and preferred stock warrants were classified in warrant liabilities and were measured and adjusted to their fair market value as of each reporting period as described in the paragraphs below.

The Company estimated the fair value of its common stock, Series C preferred stock, and Series C preferred warrants, which value was used in the determination of the value of warrants issued in connection with certain debt and preferred stock transactions and when measuring at the end of the reporting period. The Company considered the measurement of such liability-classified warrants in Level 3 due to significant unobservable inputs in this valuation.

The valuations were based on a combination of the income and market approach allocated to stockholders using an Option Pricing Model and applying a Discount for Lack of Marketability judgement based on the Finnerty put-option model. The key inputs to the valuation models that were utilized to estimate the fair value of the warrant liabilities included volatility, risk free rate, probability of subsequent funding, and discounts for lack of marketability.

These valuations were determined using a Probability Weighted Expected Return Method (PWERM) and a combination of several income and market approaches to determine the enterprise value of the Company. The enterprise value was adjusted for the probabilities of various scenarios/liquidity events that could have occurred and would have to create an overall weighted value of common stock as of each valuation date. Each liquidity scenario had unique probabilities based on the Company’s opinion, which was based on various discussions with potential investors, advisors, and market participants, which included unique facts and circumstances as of the valuation dates. The scenarios included early liquidation, a private merger and acquisition (“M&A”) transaction, staying a privately held company, and a special purpose acquisition company (“SPAC”) transaction/merger.

Each scenario was based on a different valuation methodology based on the unique risks, opportunities and a likely investor’s or market participant’s perspective. These included (a) Early liquidation: based on an Asset Approach using the existing equity value as of the valuation date; (b) Private M&A: based on a guideline transaction (market) approach using an assembled group of comparable transactions and trailing revenue metric/multiples; (c) Stay private: based on a discounted cash flow (income) approach using the Company’s non-SPAC forecast and a market-based discount rate; and (d) SPAC transaction: based on a guideline public company (market) approach using an assembled peer group of comparable companies and forward revenue metrics/multiples. Value was allocated to all outstanding securities through the PWERM using capitalization tables unique to each liquidity scenario.

The preliminary valuation was then discounted by applying a Discount for Lack of Marketability (“DLOM”) based on a Finnerty put-option model to determine a non-marketable, minority value of one share of common stock and one share of Series C preferred stock.

The Company’s non-financial assets, which primarily consist of property and equipment, are not required to be carried at fair value on a recurring basis and are reported at carrying value. However, on a periodic basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be fully recoverable, these along with other non-financial instruments are assessed for impairment and, if applicable, written down to and recorded at fair value.

Beneficial conversion features

Beneficial conversion features

The Company followed the beneficial conversion feature guidance in ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options, which applies to redeemable convertible preferred stock and convertible debt. A beneficial conversion feature is defined as a nondetachable conversion feature that is in the money at the commitment date.

The beneficial conversion feature guidance requires recognition of the conversion option’s in-the-money portion, the intrinsic value of the option, in equity, with an offsetting reduction to the carrying amount of the instrument. The resulting discount is amortized as interest over the life of the instrument. When there is a subsequent change to the conversion ratio

based on a future occurrence, the new conversion price may trigger the recognition of an additional beneficial conversion feature on occurrence.

As a result of the Business Combination, the unamortized portion of the beneficial conversion feature was recorded to additional paid-in capital.

Stock-based compensation

Stock-based compensation

The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, under which share based payments that involve the issuance of common stock to employees and non-employees and meet the criteria for equity-classified awards are recognized in the financial statements as share-based compensation expense based on the fair value on the date of grant. The Company issues stock option awards and restricted stock unit awards to employees and non-employees.

The Company utilizes the Black-Scholes model to determine the fair value of the stock option awards, which requires the input of subjective assumptions. These assumptions include estimating (a) the length of time grantees will retain their vested stock options before exercising them for employees and the contractual term of the option for non-employees (“expected term”), (b) the volatility of the Company’s common stock price over the expected term, (c) expected dividends, and (d) the fair value of a share of common stock prior to the Business Combination. After the closing of the Business Combination, the Company’s board of directors determined the fair value of each share of common stock underlying stock-based awards based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock as reported by the NYSE on the date of grant. The Company has elected to recognize the adjustment to share-based compensation expense in the period in which forfeitures occur.

The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model are management’s best estimates, but the estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment (see Note 11). As a result, if other assumptions had been used, the recorded share-based compensation expense could have been materially different from that recorded in the financial statements.

Warrants and Warrant liabilities

Warrants and Warrant liabilities

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company assumed the liability associated with the Gig warrants. The Company accounts for the warrants for shares of the Company’s common stock that are not indexed to its own stock as liabilities at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. The warrants are subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date and any change in fair value is recognized as a “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities” in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company will continue to adjust the liability for changes in fair value until the earlier of the exercise or expiration of the common stock warrants. At that time, the portion of the warrant liability related to the common stock warrants will be reclassified to “Additional paid-in capital”.

The Lightning Systems common and preferred warrants, prior to the Business Combination, were accounted for in accordance with the authoritative guidance which requires that free-standing financial instruments with certain cash settlement features and/or associated with redeemable convertible preferred stock, which is classified as temporary equity, to be recorded at the fair value of the warrants. All outstanding common (with the exception of certain warrants that were issued to vendors discussed below) and all preferred warrants are recorded as “warrant liabilities” based on their fair value on the date of the transaction. See the “Fair value” significant accounting policy for a description of the determination of fair value. Any changes in the fair value of these instruments are reported as “(Gain) loss from change in fair value of warrant liabilities.”

Warrants are separated from the host contract and reported at fair value when the warrant is a freestanding financial instrument that may ultimately require the issuer to settle the obligation by transferring assets. Under certain circumstances, most notably in the case of a deemed liquidation, the warrants issued in conjunction with Lightning Systems’ debt and preferred stock transactions may have been ultimately required to be settled by a transfer of assets, and as a result the warrants are reported as liabilities at fair value each reporting period.

In February 2021, the Company granted common warrants to certain vendors for services provided prior to March 31, 2021. Refer to Note 10 – Capital Structure.

As a result of the Business Combination, the remaining outstanding Lightning Systems warrants were converted to the Company’s common stock based on the Exchange Ratio.

Research and development

Research and developmentResearch and development costs are primarily expensed when incurred and consist of personnel-related expenses including salaries, benefits, travel and stock-based compensation for personnel performing research and development activities; expenses related to materials, supplies and testing; and consulting and occupancy expenses. In addition, costs for certain property and equipment utilized for research and development are capitalized and depreciated to “Research and development” over the useful life of the asset based on the property and equipment policy discussed above.

Advertising

Advertising

Advertising costs are expensed when incurred and are included in “Selling, general and administrative” expenses and total $128 and $22 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $244 and $51 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Derivative liability

Derivative Liability

The Company accounts for the embedded conversion feature of the Convertible Note as a derivative liability. Pursuant to ASC 815-15, Derivatives and Hedging – Embedded Derivatives, the embedded conversion feature meets all three criteria to be bifurcated and accounted for separately from the host instrument, i.e., the Convertible Notes. Because this feature meets all criteria of a derivative instrument, it was accounted for and recorded as a derivative liability at fair value on the Company’s balance sheet with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of operations each reporting period.

Earnout liability

Earnout Liability

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company recognized additional earnout shares as a liability. Pursuant to ASC 805, Business Combinations, the initial fair value of the earnout shares was recorded as a liability with the offset going to additional paid-in capital and with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of operations for each reporting period. The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the earnout liability measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	83,144	$	—
Initial recognition May 6, 2021	—		78,961
(Gain) Loss	(50,303)		12,376
Balance at end of period	$	32,841	$	91,337

Income taxes

Income taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax basis of other assets and liabilities. The Company provides for income taxes at the current and future enacted tax rates and laws applicable in each taxing jurisdiction. The Company uses a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and disclosures regarding uncertainties in income tax positions. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense in the consolidated statement of operations.

Net loss per share

Earnings per share

Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) are computed by dividing net earnings (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS attributable to common shareholders is computed by adjusting net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding (if dilutive) during

each period. Potential common shares include shares issuable upon exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock awards. Anti-dilutive securities are excluded from diluted EPS.

Recent accounting pronouncements issued

Recent accounting pronouncements issued and adopted

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. The ASU includes amendments to the guidance on convertible instruments and the derivative scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity and simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments which include beneficial conversion features or cash conversion features by removing certain separation models in ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options. Additionally, the ASU requires entities to use the “if-converted” method when calculating diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2022, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Recent accounting pronouncements issued not yet adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments and has since modified the standard with several ASUs (collectively, the “credit loss standard”). The credit loss standard requires a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. The credit loss standard took effect for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. As amended in ASU 2019-10, for smaller reporting companies, the credit loss standard will take effect for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of this ASU will require a cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated deficit as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective (that is, a modified-retrospective approach). The Company expects to adopt this standard on January 1, 2023, and is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its financial statements.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Concentrations of credit risk

The net sales to the following customers comprised more than 10% of revenues for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022				2021				2022				2021
	Net Sales		% of Net Revenues		Net Sales		% of Net Revenues		Net Sales		% of Net Revenues		Net Sales		% of Net Revenues
Customer A	$	599	17	%	$	—	—	%	$	2,564	29	%	$	—	—	%
Customer B	—		—	%	—		—	%	1,725		19	%	—		—	%
Customer C	—		—	%	3,249		55	%	—		—	%	5,318		51	%
Customer D	—		—	%	1,141		19	%	—		—	%	1,632		16	%
Customer E	572		16	%	—		—	%	—		—	%	—		—	%
Customer F	340		10	%	628		11	%	—		—	%	—		—	%
Total of customers with sales greater than 10%	$	1,511	43	%	$	5,018	85	%	$	4,289	48	%	$	6,950	67	%
Total of customers with sales less than 10%	2,025		57	%	905		15	%	4,659		52	%	3,564		33	%
Total Revenues	$	3,536	100	%	$	5,923	100	%	$	8,948	100	%	$	10,514	100	%

Schedule of allowance for doubtful accounts activity

The following table details the change in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	3,397	$	142	$	3,349	$	—
Charges to expense	450		—		498		142
Balance at end of period	$	3,847	$	142	$	3,847	$	142

Schedule of estimated useful lives of our major classes of property and equipment

The estimated useful lives of the Company’s major classes of property and equipment are as follows:

Major Class of Property and Equipment	Useful Lives
Machinery and equipment	7 years
Vehicles	5 years
Leasehold improvements	5 years
Computer equipment	3 years
Software	3 years
Furniture and fixtures	7 years

Schedule of disaggregates revenue by major source

The following table disaggregates revenue by major source:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
ZEVs	$	2,884	$	5,350	$	8,063	$	9,496
Zero-emission powertrains	336		130		336		218
Other	316		443		549		800
Total	$	3,536	$	5,923	$	8,948	$	10,514

Schedule of changes in contract liabilities

Changes in contract liabilities are as follows:

Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	147
Revenues recognized	(412)
Increase due to billings	1,013
Balance as of June 30, 2022	$	748

Schedule of fair value hierarchy

The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
As of June 30, 2022
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	$	117,260	$	—	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	$	—	$	—	$	871
Derivative liability	—		—		4,776
Earnout liability	—		—		32,841
As of December 31, 2021
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	$	150,022	$	—	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	$	—	$	—	$	2,185
Derivative liability	—		—		17,418
Earnout liability	—		—		83,144

Schedule of earnout liability

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the earnout liability measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	83,144	$	—
Initial recognition May 6, 2021	—		78,961
(Gain) Loss	(50,303)		12,376
Balance at end of period	$	32,841	$	91,337

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Reverse Recapitalization (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Reverse Recapitalization [Abstract]

Schedule of common stock outstanding following the consummation of business combination

The number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately following the consummation of the Business Combination:

	Number of Shares
Common stock, outstanding prior to Business Combination	25,893,479
Less: redemption of Gig shares	(5,816,664)
Common stock Gig	20,076,815
Shares issued in PIPE Financing	2,500,000
Business Combination and PIPE Financing shares	22,576,815
Lightning Systems shares (1)	50,652,890
Total shares of common stock outstanding immediately after Business Combination	73,229,705

(1)The number of Lightning Systems shares were calculated using the Exchange Ratio contemplated in the Business Combination of approximately 0.9406.

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Inventories (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventories

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, inventories consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Raw materials	$	17,992	$	10,802
Work in progress	1,703		2,979
Finished goods	5,472		840
Total inventories	$	25,167	$	14,621

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Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]

Schedule of Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Vendor deposits	$	2,878	$	2,720
Prepaid insurance	3,427		1,975
Other prepaid expenses	1,911		2,324
Other current assets	35		48
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	8,251	$	7,067

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Property and Equipment (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of Property and Equipment

Cost and accumulated depreciation as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are as follows:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Machinery and equipment	$	2,877	$	1,755
Vehicles	3,258		1,754
Leasehold improvements	2,607		1,024
Computer equipment	668		298
Software	112		798
Furniture and fixtures	596		331
Capital projects in progress	1,585		957
Total cost	11,703		6,917
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(2,544)		(2,026)
Total property and equipment, net	$	9,159	$	4,891

Schedule of Property Plant and Equipment Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense associated with property and equipment is as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cost of revenues	$	125	$	49	$	210	$	87
Research and development	16		—		108		—
Selling, general and administrative	247		174		426		263
Total depreciation and amortization expense	$	388	$	223	$	744	$	350

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Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

Schedule of Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Accrued professional services	$	1,554	$	1,645
Accrued interest	841		841
Accrued payroll and benefits	2,103		1,014
Other accrued expense	1,411		368
Warranty liability	1,212		994
Customer deposits	619		85
Deferred revenue	129		62
Current portion of finance lease obligation	175		36
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	8,044	$	5,045

Schedule of Changes in Warrant Liability

Changes in warranty liability (included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities) were as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,191	$	511	$	994	$	455
Charge for the period	448		380		700		591
Utilized during the period	(427)		(163)		(482)		(318)
Balance at end of period	$	1,212	$	728	$	1,212	$	728

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Notes Payable (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Notes Payable

Notes payable as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Convertible Note	$	87,863	$	87,863
Facility	3,000		3,000
Total debt principal	90,863		90,863
Unamortized debt discount - Convertible Note	(22,649)		(27,055)
Unamortized debt discount - Facility	(33)		(40)
Total long-term debt	$	68,181	$	63,768

Schedule of Convertible Note Derivative Liability Measured at Fair Value

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the convertible note derivative liability measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	17,418	$	—
Initial recognition May 6, 2021	—		17,063
(Gain) Loss	(12,642)		4,267
Balance at end of period	$	4,776	$	21,330

Schedule of Debt Maturities

The total balance of all debt matures as follows:

Period Ending December 31,	Amount
2022 (remainder of the year)	$	—
2023	—
2024	90,863
Thereafter	—
Total	$	90,863

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Leases (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Right-of-Use Assets and Lease Liabilities

Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consist of the following:

	June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Operating		Finance		Operating		Finance
Assets
Right-of-use assets, net (1)	$	8,344	$	970	$	8,742	$	208
Liabilities
Lease obligation - current portion (2)	$	1,432	$	175	$	1,166	$	36
Lease obligation - long-term portion (3)	8,594		709		9,260		159
Total lease obligations	$	10,026	$	884	$	10,426	$	195
Weighted average remaining lease terms (in years)	4.7		5.3		5.2		5.0
Weighted average discount rate	15%		4%		15%		4%

(1)Finance right-of-use assets, net are included in “Other assets” on the consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Finance lease obligation – current portion is included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Finance lease obligation – long-term portion is included in “Other long-term liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.

Schedule of Lease Cost

The financing lease cost for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was immaterial.

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Operating Lease Cost
Cost of revenues	$	261	$	156	$	522	$	289
Research and development	77		35		155		70
Selling, general and administrative	319		505		627		926
Total operating lease cost	$	657	$	696	$	1,304	$	1,285

Schedule of Maturities - Operating Lease Liability

The maturities of the Company’s lease liabilities are as follows:

	June 30, 2022
	Operating		Finance
2022 (remainder of year)	$	1,357	$	103
2023	2,912		205
2024	2,997		205
2025	3,043		160
2026	3,105		128
Thereafter	518		166
Total future minimum lease payments	13,932		967
Less: imputed interest	(3,906)		(83)
Total maturities	$	10,026	$	884

Schedule of Maturities - Finance Lease Liability

The maturities of the Company’s lease liabilities are as follows:

	June 30, 2022
	Operating		Finance
2022 (remainder of year)	$	1,357	$	103
2023	2,912		205
2024	2,997		205
2025	3,043		160
2026	3,105		128
Thereafter	518		166
Total future minimum lease payments	13,932		967
Less: imputed interest	(3,906)		(83)
Total maturities	$	10,026	$	884

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Capital Structure (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Warrant Activity

The following table presents information for the Common and Series C preferred warrants, that have been converted to common stock as a result of the Business Combination, and outstanding Gig private warrants that were assumed in the Business Combination:

	Number of Warrants	Warrant Fair Value		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life
Warrants to purchase common stock
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 (1)	610,202	$	2,270	$	0.27	3.3
Exercise of common warrants (1)	(69,232)	(489)		0.27		—
Change in fair value	—	3,102		—		—
Issued in connection with the Business Combination as common stock - charged to APIC	(540,970)	(4,883)		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2021	—	—		—		—
Warrants to purchase Series C preferred stock
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 (1)	5,938,193	$	18,885	$	1.76	2.7
Exercise of warrants to purchase redeemable convertible preferred stock (1)	(1,756,526)	(10,968)		1.76		—
Change in fair value	—	24,779		—		—
Issued in connection with the Business Combination as common stock - charged to APIC	(4,181,667)	(32,696)		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2021	—	—		—		—
Private warrants assumed through Business Combination
Outstanding at December 31, 2020	—	$	—	$	—	—
Warrants assumed	670,108	1,253		11.50		5.0
Change in fair value	—	255		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2021	670,108	1,508		11.50		4.9
Outstanding — December 31, 2021	670,108	$	2,185	$	11.50	4.3
Change in fair value	—	(1,314)		—		—
Outstanding — June 30, 2022	670,108	871		11.50		3.9

(1)Warrant amounts have been retroactively restated to give effect to the recapitalization transaction.

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Related to Stock Options and RSUs

The following table presents the stock-based compensation related to stock option and RSU awards for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Stock options expense
Cost of revenues	$	5	$	8	$	10	$	13
Research and development	10		16		19		22
Selling, general and administrative	192		104		384		161
Total stock options expense	$	207	$	128	$	413	$	196
Restricted stock units expense
Cost of revenues	$	53	$	—	$	107	$	—
Research and development	33		—		79		—
Selling, general and administrative	1,143		—		1,809		—
Total restricted stock units expense	$	1,229	$	—	$	1,995	$	—
Total stock-based compensation	$	1,436	$	128	$	2,408	$	196

Schedule of Unrecognized Expense for Stock Options and RSUs

The estimated unrecognized expense for stock options and RSUs not vested as of June 30, 2022, which will be recognized over the remaining requisite service period, is as follows:

Stock options unrecognized expense	$	2,834
Stock options weighted-average remaining requisite service period (in years)	2.4
Restricted stock units unrecognized expense	$	13,191
Restricted stock units weighted-average remaining requisite service period (in years)	2.9

Schedule of Stock Options

Changes in the Company’s stock options for the six months ended June 30, 2022 are presented in the table below.

	Number of Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years)
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	3,209,517	$	1.66
Granted	520,834	3.92
Exercised	(305,004)	0.40
Forfeited	(37,920)	0.22
Expired	(2,645)	0.34
Outstanding at June 30, 2022	3,384,782	2.14		$	5,524	7.6
Vested and exercisable at June 30, 2022	1,411,811	1.11		3,117		6.3

Schedule of Non-Vested Share Awards

Changes in the status of the Company’s non-vested share awards for the six months ended June 30, 2022 are presented in the table below.

	Non-vested Shares Under Option	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Non-vested at January 1, 2022	2,137,050	$	1.21
Granted	520,834	2.33
Vested	(646,993)	1.13
Forfeited	(37,920)	0.17
Non-vested at June 30, 2022	1,972,971	1.52

Schedule of Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model

A Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions was utilized to determine the fair value of options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022
Expected volatility	61.0%
Dividend yield	0%
Risk-free interest rate	2.95%
Expected term (in years)	6.25

Schedule of Restricted Stock Awards

The Company grants RSU awards to employees that generally vest over 3 years. RSU awards are valued based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.

	Number of RSUs	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	935,148	$	7.59
Granted	2,341,110	4.02
Released	(270,484)	6.98
Forfeited	(39,140)	8.11
Outstanding at June 30, 2022	2,966,634	4.82

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Earnings (Loss) per Common Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Reconciliation of Common Shares Used to Calculate Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Common Share

The following table reconciles the earnings (loss) and number of common shares used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per common share attributable to the Company’s shareholders:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Basic earnings per common share:
Net income (loss) - basic	$	35,738	$	(46,058)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)
Weighted shares outstanding - basic	75,408,116		58,560,928		75,268,854		45,924,405
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	0.47	$	(0.79)	$	0.33	$	(1.60)
Diluted earnings per common share:
Net income (loss) - basic	$	35,738	$	(46,058)	$	24,982	$	(73,494)
Add: Convertible Note interest expense, net of tax	3,938				7,701
Reverse: Change in fair value of derivative liability	(10,087)				(12,642)
Net income (loss) - diluted	$	29,589	$	(46,058)	$	20,041	$	(73,494)
Weighted shares outstanding - basic	75,408,116		58,560,928		75,268,854		45,924,405
Add: Dilutive effects of stock options and restricted stock units	2,161,848				2,372,201
Add: Dilutive effects of if-converted Convertible Note	7,640,246				7,640,246
Weighted shares outstanding - diluted	85,210,210		58,560,928		85,281,301		45,924,405
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	0.35	$	(0.79)	$	0.23	$	(1.60)

Schedule of Securities Excluded

As a result of the Business Combination, the underlying shares have been retroactively restated to give effect to the recapitalization based on the Exchange Ratio.

	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022	2021	2022	2021
Convertible notes payable	—	8,695,652	—	8,695,652
Outstanding warrants	24,365,719	24,365,719	24,365,719	24,365,719
Stock options	946,560	3,500,121	946,560	3,500,121
Restricted stock units	915,322	—	799,823	—
Total anti-dilutive stock	26,227,601	36,561,492	26,112,102	36,561,492

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Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Minimum Commitments

The amounts in the table below represent the Company’s future minimum commitments.

	As of June 30, 2022
	Firm Purchase		Other		Total
2022 (remainder of the year)	$	15,448	$	313	$	15,761
2023	79,191		500		79,691
2024	57,620		125		57,745
2025	82,000		25		82,025
2026	—		25		25
Thereafter	—		12		12
Total	$	234,259	$	1,000	$	235,259

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Description of Business and Basis of Presentation - Additional Information (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares	May 06, 2021 $ / shares
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Goodwill	$ 0		$ 0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.0001		$ 0.0001		$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Exchange ratio						0.9406
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 125,410		$ 125,410		$ 168,538
Net income (loss)	35,738	$ (46,058)	24,982	$ (73,494)
Net cash used in operating activities			(39,178)	$ (33,674)
Working capital	$ 148,056		148,056
Net proceeds as a result of business combination after paying off notes and facilities			$ 216,812

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) item	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($) item	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) item customer	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($) item	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) item customer	May 06, 2021 USD ($)
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentrations of credit risk (as a percent)	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Impairment of long-lived assets	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Revenues recognized			(412,000)
Facility	$ 90,863,000		$ 90,863,000		$ 90,863,000
Convertible Note due in May 2024
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)	7.50%		7.50%			7.50%
Convertible note	$ 87,863,000		$ 87,863,000		87,863,000	$ 100,000,000
Fair value of convertible debt	$ 64,567,000		$ 64,567,000		76,614,000	$ 17,063,000
Facility
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)	15.00%		15.00%
Facility	$ 3,000,000		$ 3,000,000		3,000,000
Notes payable, fair value	$ 3,308,000		3,308,000		$ 4,173,000
Service Revenue
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Revenues recognized			$ 62,000
Customer Concentration Risk | Accounts Receivable | One Customer
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentrations of credit risk (as a percent)			46.00%		40.00%
Customer Concentration Risk | Accounts Receivable | Two Customers
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentrations of credit risk (as a percent)					20.00%
Customer Concentration Risk | Accounts Receivable | Three Customers
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Number of customers | customer			1		3
Concentrations of credit risk (as a percent)					17.00%
Supplier Concentration Risk | Accounts Payable | Supplier One
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentrations of credit risk (as a percent)			30.00%		20.00%
Number of suppliers | item			1
Supplier Concentration Risk | Accounts Payable | Supplier Two
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentrations of credit risk (as a percent)					19.00%
Number of suppliers | item	2	2
Supplier Concentration Risk | Accounts Payable | Supplier Three
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentrations of credit risk (as a percent)					11.00%
Number of suppliers | item					3
Supplier Concentration Risk | Purchases | Supplier One
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentrations of credit risk (as a percent)			40.00%	18.00%
Number of suppliers | item			2
Supplier Concentration Risk | Purchases | Supplier Two
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentrations of credit risk (as a percent)				16.00%
Number of suppliers | item				2

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Concentrations of Credit Risk (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 3,536	$ 5,923	$ 8,948	$ 10,514
Concentration risk, percentage	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 1,511	$ 5,018	$ 4,289	$ 6,950
Concentration risk, threshold percentage	43.00%	85.00%	48.00%	67.00%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer A
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 599	$ 0	$ 2,564	$ 0
Concentration risk, percentage	17.00%	0.00%	29.00%	0.00%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer B
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 0	$ 0	$ 1,725	$ 0
Concentration risk, percentage	0.00%	0.00%	19.00%	0.00%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer C
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 0	$ 3,249	$ 0	$ 5,318
Concentration risk, percentage	0.00%	55.00%	0.00%	51.00%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer D
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 0	$ 1,141	$ 0	$ 1,632
Concentration risk, percentage	0.00%	19.00%	0.00%	16.00%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer E
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 572	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Concentration risk, percentage	16.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer F
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 340	$ 628	$ 0	$ 0
Concentration risk, percentage	10.00%	11.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Total of customers with sales less than 10%
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 2,025	$ 905	$ 4,659	$ 3,564
Concentration risk, percentage	57.00%	15.00%	52.00%	33.00%
Accounts Payable | Supplier Concentration Risk | Supplier One
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage			30.00%		20.00%
Accounts Payable | Supplier Concentration Risk | Supplier Two
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage					19.00%
Inventory Purchases | Supplier Concentration Risk | Supplier One
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	42.00%	24.00%
Inventory Purchases | Supplier Concentration Risk | Supplier Two
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	32.00%	13.00%	26.00%

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 3,397	$ 142	$ 3,349	$ 0
Charges to expense	450	0	498	142
Balance at end of period	$ 3,847	$ 142	$ 3,847	$ 142

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Estimated Useful Lives of Our Major Classes of Property and Equipment (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022
Machinery and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful lives	7 years
Vehicles
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful lives	5 years
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful lives	5 years
Computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful lives	3 years
Software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful lives	3 years
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful lives	7 years

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Disaggregation of Revenue and Additional Information (Details) mi² in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) mi²	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Revenue Summary
Revenues	$ 3,536	$ 5,923	$ 8,948	$ 10,514
Revenues recognized			$ (412)
Product warranty period			5 years
Warranty area covered | mi²			60
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2022-07-01
Revenue Summary
Revenue remaining performance obligation	$ 4,900		$ 4,900
Revenue remaining performance obligation (in years)	6 months		6 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2023-01-01
Revenue Summary
Revenue remaining performance obligation	$ 6,300		$ 6,300
Revenue remaining performance obligation (in years)	12 months		12 months
Selling, general and administrative
Revenue Summary
Advertising costs	$ 128	22	$ 244	51
ZEVs
Revenue Summary
Revenues	2,884	5,350	8,063	9,496
Zero-emission powertrains
Revenue Summary
Revenues	336	130	336	218
Other
Revenue Summary
Revenues	$ 316	$ 443	$ 549	$ 800

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Changes in Contract Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Beginning balance	$ 147
Revenues recognized	(412)
Increase due to billings	1,013
Ending balance	$ 748

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Fair Value Hierarchy (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Level 1
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	$ 117,260	$ 150,022
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	0	0
Derivative liability	0	0
Earnout liability	0	0
Level 2
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	0	0
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	0	0
Derivative liability	0	0
Earnout liability	0	0
Level 3
Financial assets
Cash equivalents	0	0
Financial Liabilities
Warrant liability	871	2,185
Derivative liability	4,776	17,418
Earnout liability	$ 32,841	$ 83,144

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Earnout Liability (Details) - Earnout Liability - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 83,144
Initial recognition May 6, 2021		$ 78,961
(Gain) Loss	(50,303)	12,376
Ending balance	$ 32,841	$ 91,337

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Reverse Recapitalization (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		14 Months Ended
	May 06, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) contingency $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2021 $ / shares shares
Reverse Recapitalization
Shares authorized (in shares)	251,000,000
Common stock, authorized (in shares)	250,000,000	250,000,000	250,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, authorized (in shares)	1,000,000	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Contingent right to receive additional shares (in shares)	16,463,096
Contingencies under agreement met | contingency		0
Goodwill | $		$ 0
Exchange ratio	0.9406
Derivative Instrument, Period One
Reverse Recapitalization
Percentage of earnout shares to be released	33.33%
Threshold weighted average price of stock (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 12.00
Threshold trading days	20 days
Consecutive trading days	30 days
Derivative Instrument, Period Two
Reverse Recapitalization
Percentage of earnout shares to be released	33.33%
Threshold weighted average price of stock (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 14.00
Threshold trading days	20 days
Consecutive trading days	30 days
Derivative Instrument, Period Three
Reverse Recapitalization
Percentage of earnout shares to be released	33.33%
Threshold weighted average price of stock (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 16.00
Threshold trading days	20 days
Consecutive trading days	30 days
Private Placement
Reverse Recapitalization
Sale of stock, shares issued (in shares)	2,500,000
Sale of stock, price per share (in shares) | $ / shares	$ 10.00
Sale of stock, consideration received | $	$ 25,000
Gig Capital3, Inc.
Reverse Recapitalization
Shares redeemed (in shares)	5,816,664
Payments to redeem common stock | $	$ 58,759
Shares issued (in shares)		0
Lightning Systems, Inc
Reverse Recapitalization
Common stock issued on conversion of notes (in shares)	5,830,723
Common stock issued on conversion of warrants (in shares)	4,379,795
Lightning Systems, Inc | Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
Reverse Recapitalization
Conversion of convertible preferred stock (in shares)	38,007,793
Gig Capital3, Inc.
Reverse Recapitalization
Goodwill | $	$ 0
Intangible assets | $	$ 0

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Reverse Recapitalization - Common Stock Outstanding (Details)		14 Months Ended
	May 06, 2021 shares	Jun. 30, 2022 shares
Reverse Recapitalization
Total shares of common stock outstanding immediately after Business Combination (in shares)		75,610,103
Exchange ratio	0.9406
Gig Capital3, Inc.
Reverse Recapitalization
Common stock, outstanding prior to Business Combination (in shares)	25,893,479	25,893,479
Less: redemption of Gig shares (in shares)	(5,816,664)
Common stock Gig (in shares)	20,076,815
Shares issued in PIPE Financing (in shares)	2,500,000
Business Combination and PIPE Financing shares (in shares)	22,576,815
Lightning Systems shares (in shares)	50,652,890
Total shares of common stock outstanding immediately after Business Combination (in shares)	73,229,705
Exchange ratio	0.9406

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Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Raw materials	$ 17,992		$ 17,992		$ 10,802
Work in progress	1,703		1,703		2,979
Finished goods	5,472		5,472		840
Total inventories	25,167		25,167		$ 14,621
Provision for inventory obsolescence and write-downs	$ 682	$ 98	$ 777	$ 98

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Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]
Vendor deposits	$ 2,878	$ 2,720
Prepaid insurance	3,427	1,975
Other prepaid expenses	1,911	2,324
Other current assets	35	48
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$ 8,251	$ 7,067

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Property and Equipment - Cost and Accumulated Depreciation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total cost	$ 11,703	$ 6,917
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(2,544)	(2,026)
Total property and equipment, net	9,159	4,891
Machinery and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total cost	2,877	1,755
Vehicles
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total cost	3,258	1,754
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total cost	2,607	1,024
Computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total cost	668	298
Software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total cost	112	798
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total cost	596	331
Capital projects in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total cost	$ 1,585	$ 957

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Property and Equipment - Depreciation and Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization expense	$ 388	$ 223	$ 744	$ 350
Cost of revenues
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization expense	125	49	210	87
Research and development
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization expense	16	0	108	0
Selling, general and administrative
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization expense	$ 247	$ 174	$ 426	$ 263

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Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued professional services	$ 1,554	$ 1,645
Accrued interest	841	841
Accrued payroll and benefits	2,103	1,014
Other accrued expense	1,411	368
Warranty liability	1,212	994
Customer deposits	619	85
Deferred revenue	129	62
Current portion of finance lease obligation	175	36
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$ 8,044	$ 5,045

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Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities - Changes in Warrant Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Movement in Standard and Extended Product Warranty Accrual, Increase (Decrease) [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 1,191	$ 511	$ 994	$ 455
Charge for the period	448	380	700	591
Utilized during the period	(427)	(163)	(482)	(318)
Balance at end of period	$ 1,212	$ 728	$ 1,212	$ 728

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Notes Payable - Components (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	May 06, 2021
Notes Payable
Long term debt	$ 90,863	$ 90,863
Total debt less unamortized debt discount	68,181	63,768
Convertible Note due in May 2024
Notes Payable
Convertible Note	87,863	87,863	$ 100,000
Unamortized debt discount	(22,649)	(27,055)
Facility
Notes Payable
Long term debt	3,000	3,000
Unamortized debt discount	$ (33)	$ (40)

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Notes Payable - Additional Information (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended				2 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	May 06, 2021 USD ($) D $ / shares shares	Feb. 28, 2021 USD ($)	May 31, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Feb. 29, 2020 USD ($) note $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2015 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) shares
Notes Payable
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares				$ 1.66
Warrants issued in connection with the Convertible Note								$ 14,522		$ 14,522
Amortization of debt discount									$ 4,413	2,522
Warrant liability				$ 336			$ 871		$ 871		$ 2,185
Proceeds from unsecured credit facility					$ 1,500
Short term warrants exercisable into shares | shares				3,614,457
Long term warrants exercisable into shares | shares				831,326
Other Affiliates | Convertible Notes Payable
Notes Payable
Interest rate (as a percent)				8.00%
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 1.42
Amount borrowed				$ 3,000
Series C preferred shares issued (in shares) | shares			2,118,819
Number of convertible note payable agreements | note				2
Redemption of debt			$ 3,000
Excess fair value recorded as additional pain in capital			$ 1,844
Convertible note warrants
Notes Payable
Warrants issued in connection with the Convertible Note								14,522
Convertible Note due in May 2024
Notes Payable
Interest rate (as a percent)	7.50%						7.50%		7.50%
Convertible note	$ 100,000						$ 87,863		$ 87,863		87,863
Issuance costs	$ 5,000
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 11.50
Warrants to purchase shares (in shares) | shares	8,695,641
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 11.50
Percentage of stock price trigger	120.00%
Stock price trigger (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 13.80
Threshold trading days | D	20
Threshold consecutive trading days | D	30
Average daily trading volume	$ 3,000
Fair value of convertible debt	$ 17,063						64,567		64,567		76,614
Interest expense							3,938	2,307	7,701	2,307
Contractual interest expense							1,647	1,089	3,295	1,089
Amortization of debt discount							$ 2,291	1,218	$ 4,406	1,218
Convertible Note due in May 2024 | Convertible note warrants
Notes Payable
Stock price trigger (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 11.50
Facility
Notes Payable
Interest rate (as a percent)							15.00%		15.00%
Warrants to purchase shares (in shares) | shares												60,241	301,205
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares												$ 1.66
Interest expense							$ 115	435	$ 229	1,061
Maximum borrowing capacity							9,000		9,000
Threshold indebtedness							5,000		5,000
Borrowings under line of credit							$ 3,000		$ 3,000		$ 3,000
Warrant liability												$ 6	$ 66
2020 short-term convertible notes payable
Notes Payable
Interest rate (as a percent)						8.00%
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares						$ 1.66
Percentage of stock price trigger						75.00%
Amortization of debt discount								$ 315		$ 1,296
Amount borrowed						$ 9,679
Series C preferred shares issued (in shares) | shares						5,830,723
Threshold limit for change in control						$ 200,000
Aggregated gross proceeds from debt and equity financing						10,000
Beneficial conversion feature						3,071
Conversion of convertible notes, adjustment to additional paid in capital	$ 9,679
2020 short-term convertible notes payable | Convertible Notes Payable
Notes Payable
Amount borrowed						6,454
2020 short-term convertible notes payable | Other Affiliates
Notes Payable
Amount borrowed						$ 3,225
Third Party Secured Promissory Note
Notes Payable
Interest rate (as a percent)		20.00%
Amount borrowed		$ 3,000
Percentage of cash interest		10.00%
Percentage of paid-in kind interest		10.00%
Period after the closing of business combination for quarterly interest payments		14 days

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Notes Payable - Convertible Note Derivative Liability (Details) - Convertible Note due in May 2024 - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Increase (decrease) in convertible note derivative liability
Beginning balance	$ 17,418
Initial recognition May 6, 2021		$ 17,063
(Gain) Loss	(12,642)	4,267
Ending balance	$ 4,776	$ 21,330

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Notes Payable - Debt Maturities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Debt maturities
2024	$ 90,863
Total debt	$ 90,863	$ 90,863

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Leases - Right-of-Use Assets and Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets
Right-of-use assets	$ 8,344		$ 8,344		$ 8,742
Liabilities
Operating lease obligation - current portion	1,432		1,432		1,166
Operating lease obligation - long-term portion	8,594		8,594		9,260
Total lease obligations	$ 10,026		$ 10,026		$ 10,426
Weighted average remaining lease terms (in years)	4 years 8 months 12 days		4 years 8 months 12 days		5 years 2 months 12 days
Weighted average discount rate	15.00%		15.00%		15.00%
Finance Lease Assets:
Right-of-use assets	$ 970		$ 970		$ 208
Finance lease obligation - current portion	175		175		36
Finance lease obligation - long-term portion	709		709		159
Total lease obligations	$ 884		$ 884		$ 195
Weighted average remaining lease terms (in years)	5 years 3 months 18 days		5 years 3 months 18 days		5 years
Weighted average discount rate	4.00%		4.00%		4.00%
Finance Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other assets		Other assets		Other assets
Finance Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Finance Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other long-term liabilities		Other long-term liabilities		Other long-term liabilities
Finance Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other long-term liabilities, Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		Other long-term liabilities, Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		Other long-term liabilities, Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Total operating lease cost	$ 657	$ 696	$ 1,304	$ 1,285
Cost of revenues
Finance Lease Assets:
Total operating lease cost	261	156	522	289
Research and development
Finance Lease Assets:
Total operating lease cost	77	35	155	70
Selling, general and administrative
Finance Lease Assets:
Total operating lease cost	$ 319	$ 505	$ 627	$ 926

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Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Operating lease liabilities
2022 (remainder of year)	$ 1,357
2023	2,912
2024	2,997
2025	3,043
2026	3,105
Thereafter	518
Total future minimum lease payments	13,932
Less: imputed interest	(3,906)
Total maturities	10,026	$ 10,426
Finance lease liabilities
2022 (remainder of year)	103
2023	205
2024	205
2025	160
2026	128
Thereafter	166
Total future minimum lease payments	967
Less: imputed interest	(83)
Total maturities	$ 884	$ 195

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Capital Structure - Warrants (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	May 06, 2021
Outstanding warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants outstanding (in shares)	24,365,719
Number of shares called by each warrant (in shares)	1
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 11.50
Redemption price per warrant (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01
Period of prior written notice for redemption of warrants	30 days
Stock price trigger for redemption of warrants (in dollars per share)	$ 18.00
Threshold trading days for redemption of warrants	20 days
Threshold consecutive trading days for redemption of warrants	30 days
Public warrant
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants outstanding (in shares)	14,999,970
Convertible note warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants outstanding (in shares)	8,695,641
Total warrant fair value		$ 14,522
Private placement warrant
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants outstanding (in shares)	670,108
Total warrant fair value		$ 1,253

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Capital Structure - Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock (Details) - Lightning Systems, Inc - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		6 Months Ended
	May 06, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Minimum
Temporary Equity [Line Items]
Gross proceeds from IPO		$ 50,000
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
Temporary Equity [Line Items]
Preferred return (as a percentage)		8.00%
Preferred dividends		$ 0
Percentage of voting power for change of control		50.00%
Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock
Temporary Equity [Line Items]
Ratio of original purchase price per share and preferred accrued but unpaid return per share		1.00
Balance amount of stock conversion charged to additional paid in capital	$ 18,036
Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock
Temporary Equity [Line Items]
Ratio of original purchase price per share and preferred accrued but unpaid return per share		1.25
Balance amount of stock conversion charged to additional paid in capital	4,101
Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock
Temporary Equity [Line Items]
Ratio of original purchase price per share and preferred accrued but unpaid return per share		1.25
Warrant to purchase shares (in shares)			4,445,783	702,811
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 1.42	$ 1.66
Fair value of the warrants			$ 336	$ 155
Redemption of convertible notes payable			3,000
Cash			$ 3,000
Balance amount of stock conversion charged to additional paid in capital	$ 35,203
Series B and Series C Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
Temporary Equity [Line Items]
Series B and Series C preferred stockholders (As a percent)		70.00%

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Capital Structure - Warrants Liabilities - Lightning Systems (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Feb. 28, 2021 USD ($) Y item $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($) item $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) item $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2020 $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2019 $ / shares shares
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Proceeds from exercise of common warrants | $				$ 0	$ 157
Issuance of common stock warrants | $					$ 433
Outstanding warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)				$ 11.50
Lightning Systems, Inc
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Fractional shares exercised (in dollars per share) | shares				0
Lightning Systems, Inc | Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrant to purchase shares (in shares) | shares						4,445,783	702,811
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)						$ 1.42	$ 1.66
Lightning Systems, Inc | Outstanding warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrant holders exercised the right to purchase shares | item		1	1
Warrant to purchase shares (in shares) | shares	125,000
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 6.18	$ 1.66	$ 1.66		$ 1.66
Proceeds from exercise of common warrants | $		$ 1,600	$ 1,500
Fair value per warrant (in dollars per share)	$ 3.46
Decrease in warrant liability | $		$ 5,658	$ 5,310
Number of vendors to whom the warrants issued | item	3
Contractual life of warrants	5 years
Issuance of common stock warrants | $	$ 433
Lightning Systems, Inc | Outstanding warrants | Measurement Input, Share Price
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	6.18
Lightning Systems, Inc | Outstanding warrants | Measurement Input, Exercise Price
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	6.18
Lightning Systems, Inc | Outstanding warrants | Measurement Input, Expected Term
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input | Y	5
Lightning Systems, Inc | Outstanding warrants | Measurement Input, Risk Free Interest Rate
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0062
Lightning Systems, Inc | Outstanding warrants | Measurement Input, Price Volatility
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.68
Lightning Systems, Inc | Outstanding warrants | Minimum
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Fair value per warrant (in dollars per share)		$ 5.87	$ 5.87
Lightning Systems, Inc | Outstanding warrants | Maximum
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Fair value per warrant (in dollars per share)		$ 5.90	$ 5.90
Lightning Systems, Inc | Outstanding warrants | Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrant to purchase shares (in shares) | shares		963,855	903,614		963,855

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Capital Structure - Schedule of Warrants (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Warrant Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of period			$ 2,185
Change in fair value	$ (1,126)	$ 7,596	(1,314)	$ 28,135
Outstanding at end of period	$ 871		$ 871		$ 2,185
Warrants to purchase common stock
Number of Warrants
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares)				610,202	610,202
Exercise of warrants (in shares)				(69,232)
Issued in connection with the Business Combination as common stock - charged to APIC (in shares)				(540,970)
Outstanding at end of period (in shares)		0		0		610,202
Warrant Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of period				$ 2,270	$ 2,270
Exercise of warrants				(489)
Change in fair value				3,102
Issued in connection with the Business Combination as common stock - charged to APIC				(4,883)
Outstanding at end of period		$ 0		$ 0		$ 2,270
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at beginning of period (in dollars per share)				$ 0.27	$ 0.27
Exercise of common warrants and warrants to purchase redeemable convertible preferred stock (in dollars per share)				0.27
Outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share)		$ 0		$ 0		$ 0.27
Weighted Average Remaining Life
Outstanding (years)						3 years 3 months 18 days
Warrants to purchase Series C preferred stock
Number of Warrants
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares)				5,938,193	5,938,193
Exercise of warrants (in shares)				(1,756,526)
Issued in connection with the Business Combination as common stock - charged to APIC (in shares)				(4,181,667)
Outstanding at end of period (in shares)		0		0		5,938,193
Warrant Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of period				$ 18,885	$ 18,885
Exercise of warrants				(10,968)
Change in fair value				24,779
Issued in connection with the Business Combination as common stock - charged to APIC				(32,696)
Outstanding at end of period		$ 0		$ 0		$ 18,885
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at beginning of period (in dollars per share)				$ 1.76	$ 1.76
Exercise of common warrants and warrants to purchase redeemable convertible preferred stock (in dollars per share)				1.76
Outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share)		$ 0		$ 0		$ 1.76
Weighted Average Remaining Life
Outstanding (years)						2 years 8 months 12 days
Private warrants assumed through Business Combination
Number of Warrants
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares)			670,108	0	0
Warrants assumed (in shares)				670,108
Outstanding at end of period (in shares)	670,108	670,108	670,108	670,108	670,108	0
Warrant Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of period			$ 2,185	$ 0	$ 0
Warrants assumed				1,253
Change in fair value			(1,314)	255
Outstanding at end of period	$ 871	$ 1,508	$ 871	$ 1,508	$ 2,185	$ 0
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at beginning of period (in dollars per share)			$ 11.50	$ 0	$ 0
Warrants assumed (in dollars per share)				11.50
Outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share)	$ 11.50	$ 11.50	$ 11.50	$ 11.50	$ 11.50	$ 0
Weighted Average Remaining Life
Outstanding (years)			3 years 10 months 24 days	4 years 10 months 24 days	4 years 3 months 18 days
Warrants assumed				5 years

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Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Equity Incentive Plans
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised	$ 1,056	$ 3,434	$ 1,162	$ 3,951
Employer cash contribution	$ 200	$ 83	$ 365	$ 143
2021 Equity Incentive Plan
Equity Incentive Plans
Shares reserved (in shares)	17,794,239		17,794,239
Available for grant (in shares)	13,483,440		13,483,440
2019 Equity Incentive Plan
Equity Incentive Plans
Available for grant (in shares)	0		0
Options granted (in shares)			2,416,881
Servicing period			10 years
Vesting period			4 years
401(k) Savings Plan Part 1
Equity Incentive Plans
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of employees' gross pay			100.00%
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of match			3.00%
401(k) Savings Plan Part 2
Equity Incentive Plans
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of employees' gross pay			50.00%
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of match			2.00%
Restricted stock units
Equity Incentive Plans
Vesting period			3 years

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Stock-Based Compensation - Stock-Based Compensation and Estimated Unrecognized Expense Related to Stock Options and RSUs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Equity Incentive Plans
Total stock-based compensation	$ 1,436	$ 128	$ 2,408	$ 196
Stock options
Equity Incentive Plans
Total stock-based compensation	207	128	413	196
Stock options unrecognized expense	2,834		$ 2,834
Remaining vesting period (in years)			2 years 4 months 24 days
Stock options | Cost of revenues
Equity Incentive Plans
Total stock-based compensation	5	8	$ 10	13
Stock options | Selling, general and administrative
Equity Incentive Plans
Total stock-based compensation	192	104	384	161
Stock options | Research and development
Equity Incentive Plans
Total stock-based compensation	10	16	19	22
Restricted stock units
Equity Incentive Plans
Total stock-based compensation	1,229	0	$ 1,995	0
Remaining vesting period (in years)			2 years 10 months 24 days
Restricted stock units unrecognized expense	13,191		$ 13,191
Restricted stock units | Cost of revenues
Equity Incentive Plans
Total stock-based compensation	53	0	107	0
Restricted stock units | Selling, general and administrative
Equity Incentive Plans
Total stock-based compensation	1,143	0	1,809	0
Restricted stock units | Research and development
Equity Incentive Plans
Total stock-based compensation	$ 33	$ 0	$ 79	$ 0

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Stock-Based Compensation - Changes in Stock Options (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Number of Options
Outstanding at Beginning of period (in shares)			3,209,517
Granted (in shares)			520,834
Exercised (in shares)			(305,004)
Forfeited (in shares)			(37,920)
Expired (in shares)			(2,645)
Outstanding at end of period (in shares)	3,384,782		3,384,782
Vested and exercisable at end of period (in shares)	1,411,811		1,411,811
Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share
Outstanding at Beginning of period (in dollars per share)			$ 1.66
Granted (in dollars per share)			3.92
Exercised (in dollars per share)			0.40
Forfeited (in dollars per share)			0.22
Expired (in dollars per share)			0.34
Outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share)	$ 2.14		2.14
Vested and exercisable at end of period (in dollars per share)	$ 1.11		$ 1.11
Weighted Average Remaining Life
Outstanding at end of period			7 years 7 months 6 days
Vested and exercisable at end of period			6 years 3 months 18 days
Weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted			$ 2.33
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding	$ 5,524		$ 5,524
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested and exercisable	3,117		3,117
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised	$ 1,056	$ 3,434	$ 1,162	$ 3,951

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Stock-Based Compensation - Changes in Status of Non-Vested Share Awards (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 $ / shares shares
Non-vested Shares Under Option
Non-vested at beginning of period (in shares) | shares	2,137,050
Granted (in shares) | shares	520,834
Vested (in shares) | shares	(646,993)
Forfeited (in shares) | shares	(37,920)
Non-vested at end of period (in shares) | shares	1,972,971
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Non-vested at beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 1.21
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	2.33
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	1.13
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	0.17
Non-vested at end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 1.52

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Stock-Based Compensation - Black Scholes Option Pricing Model (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Expected volatility	61.00%
Dividend yield	0.00%
Risk-free interest rate	2.95%
Expected term (in years)	6 years 3 months

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Stock-Based Compensation - Restricted Stock Unit Awards (Details) - Restricted stock units	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 $ / shares shares
Number of RSUs
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares) | shares	935,148
Granted (in shares) | shares	2,341,110
Released (in shares) | shares	(270,484)
Forfeited (in shares) | shares	(39,140)
Outstanding at ending of period (in shares) | shares	2,966,634
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding at beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 7.59
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	4.02
Released (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	6.98
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	8.11
Outstanding at ending of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 4.82

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Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Provision for income taxes			$ 0
Effective income tax rate	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%

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Earnings (Loss) per Common Share - Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Basic earnings per common share:
Net income (loss) - basic	$ 35,738	$ (46,058)	$ 24,982	$ (73,494)
Weighted shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	75,408,116	58,560,928	75,268,854	45,924,405
Basic earnings (loss) per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.47	$ (0.79)	$ 0.33	$ (1.60)
Diluted earnings per common share:
Net income (loss) - basic	$ 35,738	$ (46,058)	$ 24,982	$ (73,494)
Add: Convertible Note interest expense, net of tax	3,938		7,701
Reverse: Change in fair value of derivative liability	(10,087)	4,267	(12,642)	4,267
Net income (loss) - diluted	$ 29,589	$ (46,058)	$ 20,041	$ (73,494)
Weighted shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	75,408,116	58,560,928	75,268,854	45,924,405
Add: Dilutive effects of stock options and restricted stock units (in shares)	2,161,848		2,372,201
Add: Dilutive effects of if-converted Convertible Note (in shares)	7,640,246		7,640,246
Weighted-average shares outstanding -diluted (in shares)	85,210,210	58,560,928	85,281,301	45,924,405
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.35	$ (0.79)	$ 0.23	$ (1.60)

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Earnings (Loss) per Common Share - Schedule of Securities Excluded (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Potential antidilutive shares	26,227,601	36,561,492	26,112,102	36,561,492
Convertible notes payable
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Potential antidilutive shares	0	8,695,652	0	8,695,652
Outstanding warrants
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Potential antidilutive shares	24,365,719	24,365,719	24,365,719	24,365,719
Stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Potential antidilutive shares	946,560	3,500,121	946,560	3,500,121
Restricted stock units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Potential antidilutive shares	915,322	0	799,823	0

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Commitments and Contingencies - Future Minimum Commitments (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Firm Purchase
2022 (remainder of the year)	$ 15,448
2023	79,191
2024	57,620
2025	82,000
Total	234,259
Other
2022 (remainder of the year)	313
2023	500
2024	125
2025	25
2026	25
Thereafter	12
Total	1,000
Total
2022 (remainder of the year)	15,761
2023	79,691
2024	57,745
2025	82,025
2026	25
Thereafter	12
Total Commitments	$ 235,259