EX-99.2 3 d394282dex992.htm EX-99.2 EX-99.2

Exhibit 99.2

DoubleDown Interactive Co., Ltd.

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021

Contents

 

Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021

  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

     F-2  

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

     F-3  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

     F-4  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

     F-5  

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

     F-6  

 

F-1


DoubleDown Interactive Co., Ltd.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

(in thousands of U.S. Dollars, except per share amounts) (unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2022     2021     2022     2021  

Revenue

   $ 78,801     $ 87,007     $ 244,857     $ 276,902  

Operating expenses:

        

Cost of revenue(1)

     27,119       30,485       83,464       96,823  

Sales and marketing(1)

     17,214       17,161       55,056       56,913  

Research and development(1)

     4,691       4,537       13,704       14,635  

General and administrative(1)

     4,821       4,674       15,771       14,184  

Loss Contingency(1)(2)

     70,250       —         141,750       3,500  

Depreciation and amortization

     45       2,359       3,751       15,704  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     124,140       59,216       313,496       201,759  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

   $ (45,339   $ 27,791     $ (68,639   $ 75,143  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other income (expense):

        

Interest expense

     (431     (500     (1,356     (1,521

Interest income

     1,948       25       2,742       108  

Gain on foreign currency transactions

     541       634       856       1,040  

Gain (loss) on foreign currency remeasurement, net

     8,748       215       16,163       353  

Gain (loss) on short-term investments

     5,651       —         (155     —    

Other, net

     (42     1,853       (98     2,261  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income (expense), net

   $ 16,415     $ 2,227     $ 18,152     $ 2,241  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income tax

   $ (28,924   $ 30,018     $ (50,487   $ 77,384  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax (expense) benefit

     4,925       (7,185     10,926       (16,713
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

   $ (23,999   $ 22,833     $ (39,561   $ 60,671  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income (expense):

        

Pension adjustments, net of tax

     102       (81     (185     (121

Gain (loss) on foreign currency translation

     (6,115     (800     (11,087     415  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss)

   $ (30,012   $ 21,952     $ (50,833   $ 60,965  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings per share:

        

Basic

   $ (9.69   $ 9.91     $ (15.97   $ 27.03  

Diluted

   $ (9.69   $ 9.91     $ (15.97   $ 27.03  

Weighted average shares outstanding:

        

Basic

     2,477,672       2,303,192       2,477,672       2,244,404  

Diluted

     2,477,672       2,303,192       2,477,672       2,244,404  

 

(1)

Excluding depreciation and amortization

(2)

Litigation Loss Contingency (refer to Note 11)

 

F-2


DoubleDown Interactive Co., Ltd.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands of U.S. Dollars) (unaudited)

 

     September 30,      December 31,  
     2022      2021  

Assets

     

Current assets:

     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 310,468      $ 242,060  

Accounts receivable, net

     19,916        21,875  

Prepaid expenses, and other assets

     7,647        6,817  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current assets

   $ 338,031      $ 270,752  

Property and equipment, net

     348        384  

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net

     4,455        6,830  

Intangible assets, net

     50,048        53,679  

Goodwill

     633,965        633,965  

Deferred tax asset

     1,843        2,616  

Other non-current assets

     1,300        1,582  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 1,029,990      $ 969,808  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

     

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   $ 14,743        14,752  

Short-term operating lease liabilities

     3,138        3,076  

Contract liabilities

     2,166        2,246  

Loss Contingency

     145,250        —    

Other current liabilities

     6,107        730  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

   $ 171,404      $ 20,804  

Long-term borrowings with related party

     34,848        42,176  

Long-term operating lease liabilities

     2,103        4,688  

Deferred tax liabilities, net

     1,232        28,309  

Loss Contingency

     —          3,500  

Other non-current liabilities

     7,358        6,453  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities

   $ 216,945      $ 105,930  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Shareholders’ equity

     

Common stock, KRW 10,000 par value—200,000,000 Shares authorized; 2,477,672 issued and outstanding

     21,198        21,198  

Additional paid-in-capital

     619,470        671,831  

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     11,761        23,033  

Retained earnings

     160,616        147,816  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

   $ 813,045      $ 863,878  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 1,029,990      $ 969,808  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 

F-3


DoubleDown Interactive Co., Ltd.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(in thousands of U.S. Dollars, except share amounts) (unaudited)

 

     Common
shares
     Common
stock
     Additional
paid-in-
capital
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income/(loss)
    Retained
earnings
(deficit)
    Total
shareholders’
equity
 

Three months ended September 30, 2021

              

As of July 1, 2021

     2,214,522        18,924        588,064       23,990       107,546       738,524  

Net Income

     —          —          —         —         22,833       22,833  

Pension adjustments, net of tax

     —          —          —         (81     —         (81

Gain(loss) on foreign currency translation, net of tax

     —          —          —         (800     —         (800

Issuance of new shares - IPO

     263,150        2,274        84,178       —         —         86,452  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2021

     2,477,672        21,198        672,242       23,109       130,379       846,928  

Three months ended September 30, 2022

              

As of July 1, 2022

     2,477,672        21,198        671,831       17,774       132,254       843,057  

Net Income

     —          —          —         —         (23,999     (23,999

Pension adjustments, net of tax

     —          —          —         102       —         102  

Gain(loss) on foreign currency translation, net of tax

     —          —          —         (6,115     —         (6,115

Capital reserve reallocation

     —          —          (52,361     —         52,361       —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2022

     2,477,672        21,198        619,470       11,761       160,616       813,045  

 

     Common
shares
     Common
stock
     Additional
paid-in-
capital
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income/(loss)
    Retained
earnings
(deficit)
    Total
shareholders’
equity
 

Nine months ended September 30, 2021

              

As of January 1, 2021

     2,214,522        18,924        588,064       22,815       69,708       699,511  

Net Income

     —          —          —         —         60,671       60,671  

Pension adjustments, net of tax

     —          —          —         (121     —         (121

Gain(loss) on foreign currency translation, net of tax

     —          —          —         415       —         415  

Issuance of new shares - IPO

     263,150        2,274        84,178       —         —         86,452  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2021

     2,477,672        21,198        672,242       23,109       130,379       846,928  

Nine months ended September 30, 2022

              

As of January 1, 2022

     2,477,672        21,198        671,831       23,033       147,816       863,878  

Net Income

     —          —          —         —         (39,561     (39,561

Pension adjustments, net of tax

     —          —          —         (185     —         (185

Gain(loss) on foreign currency translation

     —          —          —         (11,087     —         (11,087

Capital reserve reallocation

     —          —          (52,361     —         52,361       —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2022

     2,477,672        21,198        619,470       11,761       160,616       813,045  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 

F-4


DoubleDown Interactive Co., Ltd.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands of U.S. Dollars) (unaudited)

 

     Nine months ended September 30,  
     2022     2021  

Cash flow from (used in) operating activities:

    

Net Income (loss)

   $ (39,561   $ 60,671  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     3,751       15,704  

(Gain) Loss on foreign currency remeasurement

     (16,163     (353

(Gain) Loss on short-term investments

     155       —    

Deferred taxes

     (26,716     3,524  

Working capital adjustments:

    

Accounts receivable

     703       2,006  

Prepaid expenses, other current and non-current assets

     (1,391     (2,628

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other payables

     1,033       (795

Contract liabilities

     (80     (868

Income tax payable

     —         (7,035

Loss Contingency

     141,750       3,500  

Other current and non-current liabilities

     8,215       3,858  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash flows from operating activities

   $ 71,696     $ 77,584  

Cash flow (used in) investing activities:

    

Purchases of intangible assets

     (3     (12

Purchases of property and equipment

     (164     (116

Disposals of property and equipment

     27       3  

Purchases of short-term investments

     (366,449     —    

Sales of short-term investments

     366,293       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash flows (used in) investing activities

   $ (296)     $ (125)  

Cash flow from (used in) financing activities:

    

Issuance of new shares—IPO

     —         86,452  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash flows from (used in) financing activities:

   $ —       $ 86,452  

Net foreign exchange difference on cash and cash equivalents

     (2,992     (4,035
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   $ 68,408     $ 159,875  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

   $ 242,060     $ 63,188  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 310,468     $ 223,062  

Cash paid during year for:

    

Interest

     —         —    

Income taxes

   $ 11,415     $ 13,698  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 

F-5


DoubleDown Interactive Co., Ltd.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1: Description of business

Background and nature of operations

DoubleDown Interactive Co., Ltd. (“DDI,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company,”) was incorporated in 2008 in Seoul, Korea as an interactive entertainment studio, focused on the development and publishing of casual games and mobile applications. DDI is a subsidiary of DoubleU Games Co., Ltd. (“DUG” or “DoubleU Games”), a Korean company and our controlling shareholder holding 67.1% of our outstanding shares. The remaining 32.9% of our outstanding shares are held by STIC Special Situation Private Equity Fund (“STIC”, 20.2%) and the remainder by participants in our IPO (12.7%). In 2017, DDI acquired DoubleDown Interactive, LLC (“DDI-US”) from International Gaming Technologies (“IGT”) for approximately $825 million. DDI-US, with its principal place of business located in Seattle, Washington, is our primary revenue-generating entity.

We develop and publish digital gaming content on various mobile and web platforms through our multi-format interactive all-in-one game experience concept. We host DoubleDown Casino, DoubleDown Classic, DoubleDown Fort Knox and Undead World within various formats.

Initial Public Offering

On September 2, 2021, DoubleDown Interactive Co., Ltd. filed its initial public offering (the “Offering”) of 6,316,000 American Depositary Shares (the “ADSs”), each representing 0.05 common share, with par value of ₩10,000 per share, of the Company, at a price to the public of $18.00 per ADS, before underwriting discounts and commissions. The number of ADSs sold by the Company was 5,263,000, and the number of ADSs sold by STIC Special Situation Diamond Limited, the selling shareholder in the Offering (the “Selling Shareholder”), was 1,053,000. The net proceeds to us from this offering was approximately $86.5 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and the offering expenses in the aggregate of approximately $8.7 million.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common shares or ADSs. Our ADSs trade on the NASDAQ Stock Market (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol “DDI.”

Basis of preparation and consolidation

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary for the fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. The results for the interim period presented are not necessarily indicative of those for the full year. The condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the balances and accounts of DDI and our controlled subsidiaries. All significant inter-company transactions, balances and unrealized gains or losses have been eliminated. We view our operations and manage our business as one operating segment.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect financial statements and accompanying notes. We regularly evaluate estimates and assumptions related to provisions for income taxes, revenue recognition, expense accruals, deferred income tax asset valuation allowances, valuation of goodwill and intangibles, and legal contingencies. We base our estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience, and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources.

The actual results and outcomes may differ from management’s estimates and assumptions due to risks and uncertainties, including uncertainty in the current economic environment due to recent unrest in the eastern Europe region.

 

F-6


Functional currency and translation of financial statements

Our functional currency is the Korean Won (“KRW”) and the U.S. Dollar (“dollar,” “USD,” “US$,” or “$”) is the functional currency of our United States subsidiaries. The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in USD. The consolidated balance sheets have been translated at the exchange rates prevailing at each balance sheet date. The consolidated statement of comprehensive income and statement of cash flows have been translated using the weighted-average exchange rates prevailing during the periods of each statement. The equity capital is denominated in the functional currency, KRW, and is translated at historical exchange rates. All translation adjustments resulting from translating into the reporting currency are accumulated as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in other income (expense).

Intercompany monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date with the gain or loss arising on translation recorded to other income (expense). Intercompany non-monetary items that are measured at historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. When we parenthetically disclose USD amounts for certain financial instruments denominated in KRW for the benefit of the reader, we use the exchange rates in effect as of September 30, 2022, unless otherwise noted.

Capital Reserve Reallocation

On August 30, 2022 it was announced that a special board of directors meeting convened on August 26, 2022 which resulted in the approval of the reduction of the Company’s capital reserve in the amount of ₩ 70,000,000,000 (US $52M) pursuant to Article 461-2 of the Korean Commercial Code.

Financial instruments and concentration of credit risk

Financial instruments, which potentially expose us to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable.

Accounts receivable are recorded and carried at the net invoiced amount, which is net of platform payment processing fees, unsecured, and represent amounts due to us based on contractual obligations where an executed contract exists. We do not require collateral and have not recognized an allowance as management estimates the net receivable is fully collectible. Apple, Inc. (“Apple”), Facebook, Inc. (“Facebook”), and Google, LLC (“Google”) represent significant distribution, marketing, and payment platforms for our games. A substantial portion of our revenue was generated from players who accessed our games through these platforms and a significant concentration of our accounts receivable balance is comprised of balances owed to us by these platforms.

 

     Revenue Concentration  
     Three months ended September 30,     Nine months ended September 30,  
     2022     2021     2022     2021  

Apple

     54.1     52.1     54.2     51.3

Facebook

     24.2     25.6     24.2     26.2

Google

     18.6     19.1     18.7     19.2

The following table summarizes the percentage of revenues and accounts receivable generated via our platform providers in excess of 10% of our total revenues and total accounts receivable:

 

     Accounts Receivable concentration  
     As of September 30,     As of December 31,  
     2022     2021  

Apple

     56.8     55.6

Facebook

     22.7     23.7

Google

     17.2     17.5

 

F-7


Note 2: Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Our social and mobile apps operate on a free-to-play model, whereby game players may collect virtual currency free of charge through the passage of time or through targeted marketing promotions. If a game player wishes to obtain virtual currency above and beyond the level of free virtual currency available to that player, the player may purchase additional virtual currency. Once a purchase is completed, the virtual currency is deposited into the player’s account and is not separately identifiable from previously purchased virtual currency or virtual currency obtained by the game player for free.

Once obtained, virtual currency (either free or purchased) cannot be redeemed for cash nor exchanged for anything other than gameplay within our apps. When virtual currency is played on any of our games, the game player could “win” and would be awarded additional virtual currency or could “lose” and lose the future use of that virtual currency. We have concluded that our virtual currency represents consumable goods, because the game player does not receive any additional benefit from the games and is not entitled to any additional rights once the virtual currency is substantially consumed.

Control transfers when the virtual currency is consumed for gameplay. We recognize revenue from player purchases of virtual currency based on the consumption of this currency. We determined through a review of play behavior that game players generally do not purchase additional virtual currency until their existing virtual currency balances, regardless of source (e.g., bonus currency, gifted currency through social media channels, daily free chips, etc.), have been substantially consumed.

Based on an analysis of customers’ historical play behavior, purchase behavior, and the amount of virtual currency outstanding, we are able to estimate the rate that virtual currency is consumed during gameplay. Accordingly, revenue is recognized using a user-based revenue model with the period between purchases representing the timing difference between virtual currency purchase and consumption. This timing difference is relatively short.

We continuously gather and analyze detailed customer play behavior and assess this data in relation to our judgments used for revenue recognition.

Disaggregation of revenue

We believe disaggregation of our revenue based on platform and geographical location are appropriate categories that depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

The following table represents our disaggregation of revenue between mobile and web platforms (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended September 30,      Nine months ended September 30,  
     2022      2021      2022      2021  

Mobile

   $ 59,150      $ 63,676      $ 184,033      $ 200,997  

Web

     19,651        23,331        60,824        75,905  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 78,801      $ 87,007      $ 244,857      $ 276,902  

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated based on the geographical location of our players (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended September 30,      Nine months ended September 30,  
     2022      2021      2022      2021  

U.S. (1)

   $ 70,044      $ 76,047      $ 214,394      $ 240,141  

International

     8,757        10,960        30,463        36,761  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 78,801      $ 87,007      $ 244,857      $ 276,902  

 

(1)

Geographic location is presented as being derived from the U.S. when data is not available.

 

F-8


Contract assets, contract liabilities and other disclosures

Customer payments are based on the payment terms established in our contracts. Payments for purchase of virtual currency are required at time of purchase, are non-refundable and relate to non-cancellable contracts that specify our performance obligations. All payments are initially recorded as revenue, as the player has no right of return after the purchase, consistent with our standard terms and conditions. Based on our analysis, at each period end, we estimate the number of days to consume virtual currency. This represents the revenue amount where the performance obligation has not been met and is deferred as a contract liability until we satisfy the obligation. The contract asset consists of platform fees for which revenue has not been recognized. For subscription revenue, the remaining portion of the daily ratable monthly subscription is recorded as a contract liability and the applicable platform fees as a contract asset.

The following table summarized our opening and closing balances in contract assets and contract liabilities (in thousands):

 

     As of September 30,      As of December 31,  
     2022      2021  

Contract assets (1)

   $ 650      $ 674  

Contract liabilities

     2,166        2,246  

 

(1)

Contract assets are included within prepaid expenses and other assets in our consolidated balance sheet.

Note 3: Short-term investments

The Company held investments in marketable securities with the intention of selling these investments within a relatively short period of time (3-6 months). Prior to September 30, 2022, our investments were comprised of bonds held for trading purposes. As such, gains or losses from holding or trading these securities were recognized in the Statements of Income. As of September 30, 2022, all investments were sold and converted to cash.

Note 4: Goodwill and intangible assets

There were no changes to the carrying amount of goodwill in the three months ended September 30, 2022. Changes in the carrying amount of intangible assets were as follows (in thousands):

 

            September 30, 2022      December 31, 2021  
     Useful
life
     Gross
amount
     Accum.
Amort
    Net
Amount
     Gross
amount
     Accum.
Amort
    Net
Amount
 

Trademarks

     indefinite      $ 50,000      $ —       $ 50,000      $ 50,000      $ —       $ 50,000  

Customer relationships

     4 years        75,000        (75,000     —          75,000        (75,000     —    

Purchased technology

     5 years        45,423        (45,423     —          45,423        (41,811     3,612  

Development costs

     3 years        9,486        (9,486     —          9,486        (9,486     —    

Software

     4 years        2,452        (2,404     48        2,463        (2,396     67  
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

      $ 182,361      $ (132,313   $ 50,048      $ 182,372      $ (128,693   $ 53,679  
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following reflects amortization expense related to intangible assets included with depreciation and amortization:

 

     Three months ended September 30,      Nine months ended September 30,  
     2022      2021      2022      2021  

Amortization Expense

     3.7 thousand        2,319 thousand        3,624 thousand      15,573 thousand  

 

F-9


Note 5: Debt

4.60% Senior Notes due to related party due 2024

The 4.60% Senior Notes due to related party, which collectively total KRW100 billion (US$77 million) at inception, accrue 4.60% interest quarterly on the outstanding principal amount until maturity. Interest and principal are due in full at maturity (May 27, 2024).

 

     As of September 30,      As of December 31,  
     2022      2021  

4.60% Senior Notes due to related party due 2024

   $ 34,848      $ 42,176  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total debt

   $ 34,848        42,176  

Less: Short-term debt

     —          —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Long-term debt

   $ 34,848      $ 42,176  

Note 6: Fair value measurements

The carrying values of our accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

Our cash equivalents (Level 1 estimate) were comprised of money market funds totaling $310.5 million as of September 30, 2022. As of December 31, 2021, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $242.1 million and consisted of money market and Korean market government bonds. We rely on credit market data to track interest rates for other entities with similar risk profiles.

As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we believe the fair value of our senior notes (a Level 3 estimate) approximates carrying value due to the nature of the instruments and the lack of meaningful change to our credit profile.

Note 7: Income taxes

We are subject to federal and state income taxes in Korea and the United States. We account for our provision for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires an estimate of the annual effective tax rate for the full year to be applied to the interim period, taking into account year-to-date amounts and projected results for the full year.

Our effective tax rate varies from the statutory Korean income tax rate due to the effect of foreign rate differential, withholding taxes, state and local income taxes, foreign derived intangible income (FDII) deduction, research and development credits, and a valuation allowance on Korean deferred tax assets. Our effective tax rate could fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter based on variations in the estimated and actual level of pre-tax income or loss by jurisdiction, changes in enacted tax laws and regulations, and changes in estimates regarding non-deductible expenses and tax credits. As of September 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, we have provided a valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets that we believe, based on the weight of available evidence, are more likely than not to be realized.

The income tax benefit of $4.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, reflects an effective tax rate of 17.0% which is lower than the effective tax rate of 23.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in rate from 2021 to 2022 is primarily due to a discrete tax provision and offsetting valuation allowance release of $3.2 million related to a significant foreign currency exchange gain in the three months ended September 20, 2022. The effective tax rate of 17.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, is lower than the Korean statutory rate of 20%, primarily due to the discrete foreign currency gain in the quarter.

The income tax benefit of $10.9 million for nine months ended September 30, 2022, reflects an effective tax rate of 21.6%, which is similar to the effective tax rate of 21.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The effective rate of 21.6% includes a discrete tax provision and offsetting valuation allowance release of $3.2 million related to a significant foreign currency exchange gain in the three months ended September 20, 2022. The effective tax rate of 21.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, is higher than the Korean statutory rate of 20%, primarily due to foreign rate differential, the benefit of a FDII deduction and research tax credits offset by withholding taxes, state taxes, and a valuation allowance on certain Korean tax attributes.

 

F-10


Note 8: Net Income per share

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive common share equivalents outstanding for the period determined using the treasury-stock and if-converted methods. There were no potentially dilutive securities outstanding in either period presented.

Note 9: Leases

We are lessee for corporate office space in Seattle, Washington and Seoul, Korea. The lessor for our Seoul, Korea leases is our parent, DoubleU Games (see Note 11). Our leases have remaining terms of twelve to twenty-five months. We do not have any finance leases. Our total variable and short-term lease payments are immaterial for all periods presented.

The Seattle, Washington lease originated in July 2012 and consists of 49,375 square feet. The lease will expire in October 2024.

In February 2019, we executed new subleases with our parent, DUG, for 21,218 square feet of office space in Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea. The lease term will expire in September 2023.

Supplemental balance sheet and cash flow information related to operating leases is as follows (in thousands):

 

     As of September 30, 2022      As of December 31, 2021  

Operating lease right-of-use asset

   $ 5,241      $ 7,764  

Accrued rent

     787        934  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total operating lease right-of-use asset, net

   $ 4,454      $ 6,830  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Short-term operating lease liabilities

     3,138        3,076  

Long-term operating lease liabilities

     2,103        4,688  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total operating lease liabilities

   $ 5,241      $ 7,764  

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in millions):

 

     Nine months
ended
     Nine months
ended
 
     September 30,
2022
     September 30,
2021
 

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities

     2.4 million        2.4 million  

Note 10: Accumulated other comprehensive income

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) by component for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

 

Three months ended September 30, 2021

   Currency Translation
Adjustments
     Defined Benefit
Pension Plan
     Total  

Balance at July 1, 2021

   $ 25,022      $ (1,032    $ 23,990  

Foreign currency translation gain/(loss)

     (800      —          (800

Actuarial gain/(loss), net of tax

     —          (81      (81
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance as of September, 2021

   $ 24,222      $ (1,113    $ 23,109  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Three months ended September 30, 2022

   Currency Translation
Adjustments
     Defined Benefit
Pension Plan
     Total  

Balance at July 1, 2022

   $ 19,339      $ (1,565    $ 17,774  

Foreign currency translation gain/(loss)

     (6,115      —          (6,115

Actuarial gain/(loss), net of tax

     —          102        102  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance as of September 30, 2022

   $ 13,224      $ (1,463    $ 11,761  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-11


Nine months ended September 30, 2021

   Currency Translation
Adjustments
     Defined Benefit
Pension Plan
     Total  

Balance at January 1, 2021

   $ 23,807      $ (992    $ 22,815  

Foreign currency translation gain/(loss)

     415        —          415  

Actuarial gain/(loss), net of tax

     —          (121      (121
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance as of September 30, 2021

   $ 24,222      $ (1,113    $ 23,109  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2022

   Currency Translation
Adjustments
     Defined Benefit
Pension Plan
     Total  

Balance at January 1, 2022

   $ 24,311      $ (1,278    $ 23,033  

Foreign currency translation gain/(loss)

     (11,087      —          (11,087

Actuarial gain/(loss), net of tax

     —          (185      (185
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance as of September 30, 2022

   $ 13,224      $ (1,463    $ 11,761  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

We do not tax effect foreign currency translation gain/(loss) because we have determined such gain/(loss) is permanently reinvested.

Note 11: Commitments and contingencies

Legal contingencies

On April 12, 2018, a class-action lawsuit was filed against DDI-US demanding a return of unfair benefit under the pretext that the Company’s social casino games are not legal in the State of Washington, United States. Similar class-action lawsuits were concurrently filed with certain of our competitors, certain of which, announced settlements which the court has recently approved.

In August 2018, we filed a Motion to Compel Arbitration, which was denied and immediately appealed in December 2018. We were granted a Motion to Stay pending appeal in February 2019. In October 2019, a court date was issued and subsequently abated as the Ninth Circuit Appeals court heard the oral arguments and a resolution of appeal that was determined in a similar case with one of our competitors. On January 29, 2020, the Ninth Circuit affirmed the District Court’s denial of arbitration, thereby denying our appeal to compel arbitration. The case is now in District Court. On June 17, 2020, we filed a motion in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington, which, if granted, would certify certain questions of state law to the Washington State Supreme Court for interpretation in accordance with applicable state law. On August 11, 2020, the District Court denied DDI-US’s motion to certify certain questions to the Washington State Supreme Court. We subsequently filed a motion for reconsideration of this ruling. On August 13, 2020, DDI-US filed a motion to strike the plaintiffs’ nationwide class allegations, which was noted for consideration on October 2, 2020. On September 10, 2020, DDI-US filed a motion to dismiss under Fed. R. Civ P. 12 (B)(1) and a motion to abstain asking the District Court to stay this lawsuit pending the resolution of a Declaratory Judgment action filed by DDI-US (and IGT) in the Washington State Superior Court seeking a ruling on certain relevant issues under Washington state law, which was noted for consideration on October 2, 2020. No date for a hearing on these motions has been set. Additional discovery continued, including but not limited to, our issuance of discovery to plaintiffs. On January 15, 2021, our motion for reconsideration was denied. On February 25, 2021, plaintiffs filed a motion for class certification and for preliminary injunction. On March 19, 2021, our motion to strike the nationwide class allegations was denied. On April 25, 2021, plaintiffs filed their Second Amended Complaint, changing their allegations to include an additional corporate entity of co-defendant, IGT. DDI-US served plaintiffs with its expert disclosures and filed an Opposition to Plaintiffs’ Motion for Class Certification and Preliminary Injunction on May 11, 2021. On June 29, 2021, the court denied the Company’s motion for the certification of an interlocutory appeal from the court’s order denying the Company’s Motion to Strike Nationwide Class Action Allegations. On July 9, 2021, DoubleDown moved for relief from the upcoming settlement deadline and dispositive motions deadline. On July 19, 2021, the court extended the discovery completion and settlement conference deadlines to August 24, 2021 and September 7, 2021, respectively, and struck all subsequent case management deadlines, including the dispositive motion deadline and the trial date. The court stated in its July 19, 2021 order that it would reset case management deadlines after various motions, including plaintiffs’ motion for class certification and preliminary injunction, and DoubleDown’s renewed motion to stay pending arbitration, have been decided. On August 19, 2021, plaintiffs filed a motion for sanctions and request for evidentiary hearing, regarding alleged spoliation of electronic documents by DoubleDown.

 

F-12


IGT tendered its defense of the lawsuit to Double Down and sought indemnity for any damages from the lawsuit, based on various agreements associated with IGT’s sale of Double Down. Double Down had previously tendered its defense to IGT and sought indemnity from it. The parties entered into a standstill or tolling agreement, which expired on September 1, 2021, and was extended by agreement until October 1, 2021. On December 20, 2021, IGT submitted a demand for mediation to Double Down. On June 16, June 24, and July 5, the parties or the plaintiffs moved for stays. Ultimately, the result from these three motions was a stay through August 1, 2022, to allow the parties to participate in a mediation session with the assistance of Phillips ADR on July 28, 2022. On Plaintiffs’ request, the Court ordered an additional stay until August 8, 2022.

On August 29, 2022, per the parties’ stipulation notifying the court of a proposed class wide settlement for $415,000,000 with both DoubleDown Interactive, LLC and IGT, the court stayed the case until October 21, 2022, in order to effectuate the proposed settlement. On the same date, the Company entered into an agreement in principle to settle the Benson class action and associated proceedings, pursuant to which, among other things, IGT and DoubleDown will contribute $269.75 million and $145.25 million, respectively, to the settlement fund. This agreement in principle is pending final court approval to date.

In accordance with ASC 450-20, the Company established an accrual for a loss contingency of $3.5 million related to the Benson class action and associated proceedings during 2021. In the second quarter of 2022, as a result of ongoing discussions with the parties to these matters, including non-binding mediation, the Company recorded an additional charge of $71.5 million, reflecting an increase in the low end of the reasonably possible range of loss of $75 million to $201.5 million associated with such legal proceedings. In accordance with the terms of the agreement in principle to settle the Benson class action and associated proceedings, the Company recorded an additional charge of $70.25 million in the third quarter of 2022, reflecting the incremental charge in addition to amounts accrued in previous quarters of an aggregate of $75 million.

Publishing and license agreements

DoubleU Games

We entered into the DoubleU Games License Agreement on March 7, 2018, and it was subsequently amended on July 1, 2019 and November 27, 2019. Pursuant to the DoubleU Games License Agreement, DoubleU Games grants us an exclusive license to develop and distribute certain DoubleU Games social casino game titles and sequels thereto in the social online game field of use. We are obligated to pay a royalty license fee to DoubleU Games in connection with these rights, with certain customary terms and conditions. The agreement remains in effect until either DUG no longer holds an interest, directly or indirectly, in DDI, or DDI no longer holds an interest, directly or indirectly, in DDI-US. In such event, the agreement provides that the parties will mutually renegotiate the terms of the agreement. As of September 30, 2022, we licensed approximately 45 game titles under the terms of this agreement.

International Gaming Technologies (“IGT”)

In 2017, we entered into a Game Development, Distribution, and Services agreement with IGT, and it was subsequently amended on January 1, 2019. Under the terms of the agreement, IGT will deliver game assets so that we can port (a process of converting the assets into functioning slot games by platform) the technology for inclusion in our gaming apps. The agreement includes game assets that are used to create new games. Under the agreement, we pay IGT a royalty rate of 7.5% of revenue for their proprietary assets and 15% of revenue for third-party game asset types. We also pay a monthly fee for porting. The initial term of the agreement is ten (10) years with up to two additional five-year periods. Costs incurred in connection with this agreement for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 totaled $2.2 million and $2.7 million, respectively, and are recognized as a component of cost of revenue, and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 totaled $7.2 million and $8.7 million, respectively, and are recognized as a component of cost of revenue.

 

F-13


Note 12: Related party transactions

Our related party transactions comprise of expenses for use of intellectual property, borrowings, and sublease previously described. We may also incur other expenses with related parties in the ordinary course of business, which are included in the consolidated financial statements.

The following is a summary of expenses charged by our parent, DoubleU Games (in thousands):

 

     Three months ended
September 30,
     Nine months ended
September 30,
    

Statement of

Income and Comprehensive

Income Line Item

     2022      2021      2022      2021  

Royalty expense

   $ 832      $ 1,168      $ 2,522      $ 3,327      Cost of revenue

Interest expense

     431        501        1,356        1,521      Interest expense

Rent expense

     300        345        955        1,056      General and administrative expense

Other expense

     59        39        173        136      General and administrative expense

Amounts due to our parent, DUG, are as follows (in thousands):

 

     At September 30,      At December 31,     

Statement of Consolidated

Balance Sheet Line Item

     2022      2021  

4.6% Senior Notes with related party

   $ 34,848      $ 42,176      Long-Term borrowing with related party

Royalties and other expenses

     342        511      A/P and accrued expenses

Short-term lease liability

     1,168        1,309      Short-term operating lease liabilities

Accrued interest on 4.6% Senior Notes with related party

     6,532        6,454      Other non-current liabilities

Long-term lease liability

     5        1,078      Long-term lease liabilities

Note 13: Defined benefit pension plan

We operate a defined benefit pension plan under employment regulations in Korea. The plan services the employees located in Seoul and is a final waged-based pension plan, which provides a specified amount of pension benefit based on length of service. The total benefit obligation of $3.4 million and $3.4 million was included in other non-current liabilities as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and the change in actuarial gains or losses, which is not significant, was included in other comprehensive income. The plan is funded.

 

F-14