N-2 1 d787907dn2.htm GOLDMAN SACHS CREDIT INCOME FUND Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 10, 2019

Securities Act Registration No. [     ]

Investment Company Act Registration No. 811-23498

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM N-2

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

  THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940  
  Amendment No.  

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

   THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933  
   Pre-Effective Amendment No.  
   Post-Effective Amendment No.  

 

 

Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in Charter)

 

 

200 West Street

New York, New York 10282

(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: 212-902-1000

Caroline L. Kraus, Esq.

Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P.

200 West Street

New York, New York 10282

 

 

COPIES TO:

 

 

Stephen H. Bier, Esq.

William J. Bielefeld, Esq.

Dechert LLP

1095 Avenue of the Americas

New York, NY 10036

 

 

Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement

If any securities being registered on this form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan, check the following box  ☒

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)

 

when declared effective pursuant to section 8(c)

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

Title of Securities

Being Registered

 

Amount Being

Registered

 

Proposed

Maximum

Offering

Price per Unit

 

Proposed

Maximum
Aggregate Offering
Price

  Amount of
Registration Fee1

Common Shares of Beneficial Interest

  100,000   $10   $1,000,000   $129.80

 

 

1 

Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933.

 

 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such dates as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 

 


The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The Fund may not sell these securities until the Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

 

Subject to Completion

Preliminary Prospectus dated

December 10, 2019

PROSPECTUS

Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund

Class A Shares, Class C Shares, Class I Shares, Class L Shares, and Class W Shares of Beneficial Interest

[], 2020

Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, a newly organized Delaware statutory trust (the “Fund”), is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The Fund is offering common shares of beneficial interest (the “Shares”). The Fund is the successor to the Resource Credit Income Fund (the “Predecessor Fund”), a Delaware statutory trust, as a result of the reorganization of the Predecessor Fund into the Fund. The Fund’s investment objective and strategies are similar to those of the Predecessor Fund.

Investment Objective. The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to provide attractive risk adjusted returns and current income.

Interval Fund. The Fund operates as an “interval fund” (defined below) pursuant to which it will, subject to applicable law, conduct quarterly repurchase offers for between 5% and 25% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares at net asset value (“NAV”). The Fund will not be required to repurchase Shares at a shareholder’s option nor will Shares be exchangeable for units, interests or shares of any investment of the Fund. In connection with each repurchase offer, it is possible that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. It is also possible that a repurchase offer may be oversubscribed, with the result that shareholders may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased. The Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any national securities exchange. For this reason, the Shares are not readily marketable. Although the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers to repurchase a portion of the Shares to try to provide liquidity to shareholders, investors should consider the Shares to be illiquid.

Principal Investment Strategies. The Fund pursues its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its Managed Assets in credit and credit related instruments. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to borrowings for investment purposes) minus the sum of the Fund’s accrued liabilities (other than liabilities representing borrowings for investment purposes). Credit and credit related instruments include (but are not limited to): (i) fixed rate and floating rate debt securities; (ii) direct originations of loans and loan participations, including: (a) senior secured floating rate and fixed rate loans, (b) second lien or other subordinated or unsecured floating rate and fixed rate loans, and (c) other types of secured or unsecured loans and loan participations with fixed, floating, or variable interest rates; (iii) investments in corporate debt obligations, including bonds, notes, debentures, commercial paper and other obligations of corporations to pay interest and repay principal; (iv) debt issued by governments, their agencies, instrumentalities, and central banks; (v) preferred stock; (vi) interests in senior, mezzanine, and subordinated/equity tranches of collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”), collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”), collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other securitized investments; (vii) interests in or loans against risk retention vehicles established by managers or sponsors of securitized investment products; (viii) interests in private investment funds managed by unaffiliated institutional asset managers (“Private Investment Funds”) that invest principally in credit and/or credit related instruments, including funds structured as private real estate investment trusts (“REITs”); and (ix) shares of affiliated or unaffiliated SEC-registered investment companies that invest principally in credit and/or credit related instruments, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), mutual funds (including index funds and actively-managed funds), and closed-end funds (including listed business development companies (“BDCs”) (collectively, “Public Investment Funds,” and together with Private Investment Funds, “Underlying Funds”)).


(continued on inside front cover)

It is our intention that beginning on January 1, 2021, paper copies of the Fund’s annual and semi-annual shareholder reports will not be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports from the Fund or from your financial intermediary. Instead, the reports will be made available on a website, and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report.

If you already elected to receive shareholder reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. At any time, you may elect to receive reports and certain communications from the Fund electronically by calling the applicable toll-free number below or by contacting your financial intermediary.

You may elect to receive all future shareholder reports in paper free of charge. If you hold shares of the Fund directly with the Fund’s transfer agent, you can inform the transfer agent that you wish to receive paper copies of reports by calling toll-free 1-800-526-7384. If you hold shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary, please contact your financial intermediary to make this election. Your election to receive reports in paper will apply to all Goldman Sachs Funds held in your account if you invest through your financial intermediary or all Goldman Sachs Funds held with the Fund’s transfer agent if you invest directly with the transfer agent.

Investors should consider their investment goals, time horizons and risk tolerance before investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not appropriate for all investors, and the Fund is not intended to be a complete investment program. Before buying any of the Fund’s Shares, you should read the discussion of the principal risks of investing in the Fund, which are summarized in the section entitled “Principal Risks of the Fund” beginning on page [73].

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

An investment in the Fund is speculative with a substantial risk of loss. The Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and no market for the Shares exists or is expected to develop. An investment in the Fund is not suitable for investors who need certainty about their ability to access all of the money they invest in the short term. Although the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers for its outstanding Shares (expected to be 5% per quarter), investors should consider Shares of the Fund to be an illiquid investment. There is no guarantee that you will be able to sell your Shares at any given time or in the quantity that you desire.

There is no assurance that the Fund will be able to maintain a certain level of distributions to shareholders. The amount of distributions that the Fund may pay, if any, is uncertain. The Fund may pay distributions in significant part from sources that may not be available in the future and that are unrelated to the Fund’s performance, such as from offering proceeds, and borrowings. A portion or all of any distribution of the Fund may consist of a return of capital.

 

     Per Class A Share      Per Class C Share      Per Class I Share  

Public offering price

   $ [      $ [      $ [  

Sales load(1)

   $ [      $ [      $ [  

Proceeds, after expenses, to the Fund(2)

   $ [      $ [      $ [  
     Per Class L Share      Per Class W Share      Total  

Public offering price

   $ [      $ [      $ [  

Sales load(1)

   $ [      $ [      $ [  

Proceeds, after expenses, to the Fund

   $ [      $ [      $ [  

 

1

For Class A and Class L shares, the maximum sales charge is 5.75% and 4.25% of the amount invested, respectively. Class C, I, and W shares are not subject to front-end sales charges. The minimum initial investment for each share class is $2,500, which may be reduced for certain investors. The table assumes the maximum sales load is charged. While Class I shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase Class I shares through certain financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Please consult your financial intermediary for additional information.


(continued from previous page)

Under normal circumstances, the Fund may invest up to 35% of its Managed Assets in securitized investments, including CDOs, CBOs, CLOs and other similar investments. Such investments may also include interests in “risk retention” vehicles established by managers or sponsors of securitized investments for the purpose of satisfying certain rules under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and/or similar foreign laws. The Fund may invest in securities of companies of any capitalization. The Fund may also invest in debt securities of any quality, duration or maturity, including debt securities that, at the time of purchase, are non-investment grade (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”). Non-investment grade securities are securities rated BB+, Ba1 or below by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”), or, if unrated, determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable credit quality. In addition, the Fund may invest without limitation in listed and unlisted, public and private, rated and unrated debt instruments and other obligations of financially troubled companies (sometimes known as “distressed securities” or “defaulted securities”). The Fund expects that investments in debt securities typically will have a dollar weighted average maturity of approximately two (2) to ten (10) years.

Investment Adviser. GSAM serves as the Fund’s investment adviser. The principal executive offices of GSAM are located at 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282. GSAM has been registered as an investment adviser with the SEC since 1990 and is a subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., a bank holding company, and an affiliate of Goldman Sachs.

Securities Offered. The Fund is offering on a continuous basis up to $[ ] of Shares of beneficial interest of the Fund. For Class A and Class L shares, the maximum sales charge is 5.75% and 4.25% of the amount invested, respectively. Class C, I, and W shares are not subject to front-end sales charges. The minimum initial investment for each share class is $2,500, which may be reduced for certain investors. The Fund reserves the right at its sole discretion to waive the investment minimums. Shares are being offered through Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (“GS&Co.” or the “Distributor”) at an offering price equal to the Fund’s then current NAV per Share plus any applicable sales charge. While Class I shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase Class I shares through certain financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Please consult your financial intermediary for additional information.

Tax Matters. The Fund intends to elect to be treated, and intends to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be required to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that the Fund timely distributes to its shareholders as dividends if the Fund meets certain source of income, distribution and asset diversification requirements. The Fund intends to timely distribute to its shareholders substantially all of its annual taxable income for each year, except that the Fund may retain certain net capital gains for reinvestment and, depending upon the level of taxable income earned in a year, the Fund may choose to carry forward taxable income for distribution in the following year and pay any applicable U.S. federal excise tax. In addition, the distributions the Fund pays to its shareholders in a year may exceed the Fund’s net ordinary income and capital gains for that year and, accordingly, a portion of such distributions may constitute a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes. See “Taxation.”

Leverage. The Fund intends to use leverage to seek to achieve its investment objective. The Fund’s use of leverage is subject to risks and will cause the Fund’s NAV to be more volatile than if leverage was not used. There is no assurance that the Fund’s leveraging strategies, if employed, will be successful. See “Principal Risks of the Fund – Borrowing” and “Leverage” below.


Subject to applicable law, the Fund is permitted to obtain leverage using any form or combination of financial leverage instruments, including through funds borrowed from banks or other financial institutions (i.e., a credit facility), margin facilities or notes or Preferred Shares (as defined in “Prospectus Summary – Preferred Shares”) and the leverage attributable to similar transactions entered into by the Fund. In addition, the Fund may engage in investment management techniques other than those noted above that may have similar effects as leverage, including, among others, forward foreign exchange contracts, swaps (including total return and interest rate swaps), loans of portfolio securities, reverse repurchase agreements, when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions and other derivative instruments. The Fund may use leverage opportunistically, though not at all times, and may choose to increase or decrease its leverage, or use different types or combinations of leveraging instruments, based on the Investment Adviser’s assessment of market conditions and the investment environment, and the costs that the Fund would incur as a result of such leverage. There is no assurance that the Fund will utilize any form or combination of leverage.

This prospectus sets forth concisely the information about the Fund that a prospective investor ought to know before investing. You should read it carefully before you invest, and keep it for future reference. The Fund has filed with the SEC a Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), dated [ ], as may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, containing additional information about the Fund. The SAI is incorporated by reference into, and is legally considered part of, this prospectus. The Table of Contents of the SAI appears in Appendix A of this prospectus. The Fund also will produce both annual and semi-annual reports that will contain important information about the Fund.

The Fund’s SAI and the annual and semi-annual reports (when available), as well as additional information about the Fund may be found on the Fund’s website at www.gsamfunds.com/mutualfunds or by calling 1-800-526-7384. Information found on the Fund’s website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be a part of this prospectus.

The Shares do not represent a deposit or an obligation of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and are not federally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency.

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (or any successor to its business), together with Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, GSAM, the Consumer and Investment Management Division of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and their respective subsidiaries and affiliates are referred to collectively herein as “Goldman Sachs.”

Information about the Fund is available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s internet site at http://www.sec.gov. You may obtain copies of this information, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following email address: publicinfo@sec.gov.

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

     1  

FUND FEES AND EXPENSES

     46  

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

     48  

USE OF PROCEEDS

     49  

THE FUND

     49  

GENERAL INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT APPROACH

     49  

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES

     52  

PORTFOLIO SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES

     56  

PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUND

     73  

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

     97  

LEVERAGE

     101  

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND

     102  

SHAREHOLDER GUIDE

     106  

TAXATION

     124  

LEGAL MATTERS

     126  

APPENDIX A

     127  

APPENDIX B

     128  


PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

The following is only a summary of certain information relevant to an investment in the Fund. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in the Fund. You should review the more detailed information contained in this prospectus and in the accompanying Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), especially the information set forth in this prospectus under the heading “Principal Risks of the Fund.”

 

The Fund    Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, a newly organized Delaware statutory trust (the “Fund”), is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The Fund is the successor to the Resource Credit Income Fund (the “Predecessor Fund”), a Delaware statutory trust, as a result of the reorganization of the Predecessor Fund into the Fund. The Fund’s investment objective and strategies are similar to those of the Predecessor Fund.
Board    The Fund will be managed by a board of trustees (the “Board,” and each person who serves on the Board, a “Trustee”), a majority of which will be comprised of individuals who are independent of Goldman Sachs.
Investment Adviser    The investment adviser of the Fund is Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. (“GSAM” or the “Investment Adviser”), which is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.
Listing    The Shares will not be listed on any securities exchange.
Investment Objective and Strategies    The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to provide attractive risk adjusted returns and current income. The Fund pursues its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its Managed Assets in credit and credit related instruments. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to borrowings for investment purposes) minus the sum of the Fund’s accrued liabilities (other than liabilities representing borrowings for investment purposes). Credit and credit related instruments include (but are not limited to): (i) fixed rate and floating rate debt securities; (ii) direct originations of loans and loan participations, including: (a) senior secured floating rate and fixed rate loans, (b) second lien or other subordinated or unsecured floating rate and fixed rate loans, and (c) other types of secured or unsecured loans and loan participations with fixed, floating, or variable interest rates; (iii) investments in corporate debt obligations, including bonds, notes, debentures, commercial paper and other obligations of corporations to pay interest and repay principal; (iv) debt issued by governments, their agencies, instrumentalities, and central banks; (v) preferred stock; (vi) interests in senior, mezzanine, and subordinated/equity tranches of collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”), collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”), collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other securitized investments; (vii) interests in or loans against risk retention vehicles established by managers or sponsors of securitized investment products; (viii) interests in private investment funds managed by unaffiliated institutional asset managers (“Private Investment Funds”) that invest principally in credit and/or credit related instruments, including funds


 


   structured as private real estate investment trusts (“REITs”); and (ix) shares of affiliated or unaffiliated SEC-registered investment companies that invest principally in credit and/or credit related instruments, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), mutual funds (including index funds and actively-managed funds), and closed-end funds (including listed business development companies (“BDCs”) (collectively, “Public Investment Funds,” and together with Private Investment Funds, “Underlying Funds”)).
   The Investment Adviser seeks to achieve the Fund’s investment objective by allocating the Fund’s assets among different credit asset classes, including but not limited to corporate debt obligations, securitized investments, Private Investment Funds and Public Investment Funds. These asset classes are described in more detail below. The Investment Adviser believes that this approach enables the Fund to generate an attractive return while maintaining an appropriate level of liquidity. Within each asset class, the Investment Adviser maintains the flexibility to invest in both publicly traded and non-publicly traded securities, including originated transactions sourced by the Investment Adviser and/or its affiliates, at all levels of a borrower’s capital structure. In addition, within each asset class, the Investment Adviser seeks to maximize investment returns through in-depth fundamental research that focuses on a security’s operational and financial metrics as well as its relative value.
   The Fund’s investments in corporate debt obligations may consist of bonds, notes, debentures, commercial paper, loans and other obligations of corporations to pay interest and repay principal, including debt issued by companies that are highly leveraged. The Fund may also invest in preferred stock. The Fund may also invest in common stocks, warrants, rights and other equity securities, but will generally hold such equity investments only when debt or preferred stock of the issuer of such equity securities is held by the Fund or when the equity securities are received by the Fund in connection with a corporate restructuring of an issuer. The Fund may invest in any part of a borrower’s capital structure, including distressed and more subordinated positions, where the Investment Adviser believes the potential investment presents an opportunity for attractive risk-adjusted income and returns.
   Under normal circumstances, the Fund may invest up to 35% of its Managed Assets in securitized investments, including CDOs, CBOs, CLOs and other similar investments. Such investments may also include interests in “risk retention” vehicles established by managers or sponsors of securitized investments for the purpose of satisfying certain rules under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and/or similar foreign laws. In evaluating a particular securitized investment, the Investment Adviser considers the credit quality and liquidity of the assets underlying the investment. The Investment Adviser also evaluates the timing of cash flows generated by the underlying assets relative to the timing of scheduled payments by the securitized investment. The Investment Adviser also reviews any unique structural characteristics of the security such as auction call features or optional redemptions when assessing potential investments.


 

2


   The Fund may invest in securities of companies of any capitalization. The Fund may also invest in debt securities of any quality, duration or maturity, including debt securities that, at the time of purchase, are non-investment grade (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”). Non-investment grade securities are securities rated BB+, Ba1 or below by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”), or, if unrated, determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable credit quality. In addition, the Fund may invest without limitation in listed and unlisted, public and private, rated and unrated debt instruments and other obligations of financially troubled companies, including distressed securities or defaulted securities. The Fund expects that investments in debt securities typically will have a dollar weighted average maturity of approximately two (2) to ten (10) years.
   The Fund’s direct origination strategy generally focuses on U.S. middle-market companies. “Middle-market companies” refers to companies with between $5 million and $200 million of annual earnings before interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) excluding certain one-time and non-recurring items that are outside the operations of these companies. However, the Fund may from time to time invest in larger or smaller companies under this strategy. Direct originations generate revenues primarily through receipt of interest income, and to a limited extent through income from various loan origination and other fees, dividends on direct equity investments and capital gains on the sales of investments. The companies in which the Fund invests use capital provided by the Fund for a variety of purposes, including to support organic growth, fund acquisitions, make capital investments or refinance indebtedness.
   The Fund may employ leverage, including borrowing from banks, in an amount of up to 33 and 1/3% (or in the case of the issuance of Preferred Shares, 50%) of the Fund’s total assets minus liabilities and indebtedness not represented by “senior securities” within the meaning of the 1940 Act, as determined immediately after borrowing. The Fund is authorized to borrow money in connection with its investment activities, to satisfy repurchase requests from Fund shareholders, and to otherwise provide the Fund with temporary liquidity. The Fund may also invest in other investment vehicles that use leverage, including Private Investment Funds, which may engage in leverage without limit. In addition, the Fund may use leverage generated by reverse repurchase agreements. The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other institutions, including GS&Co., to seek to increase its net investment income. The Fund may invest any cash collateral received in connection with lending its portfolio securities in registered and unregistered investment pools managed by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates.
   The Fund may also invest in derivatives, including (but not limited to) forwards, interest rate futures, interest rate swaps and credit default swaps, which are used primarily to hedge the Fund’s portfolio risks, manage the Fund’s duration and/or gain exposure to certain credit and credit related instruments or indices.


 

3


   The Fund’s 80% policy with respect to investments in credit and credit related instruments is not fundamental and may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. Shareholders will be provided with sixty (60) days’ notice in the manner prescribed by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) before any change in the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its Managed Assets in the particular type of investment suggested by its name. The Fund’s investments in derivatives, other investment companies, including Underlying Funds, and other instruments designed to obtain indirect exposure to credit and credit related instruments are counted towards the Fund’s 80% investment policy to the extent such instruments have similar economic characteristics.
   While the Fund intends to invest (directly or indirectly) principally in securities of U.S. issuers, there is no minimum or maximum limit on the amount of the Fund’s Managed Assets that may be invested in securities or other instruments of non-U.S. issuers or borrowers, including securities and instruments quoted in foreign currencies.
   Public Investment Funds. In addition to providing current income, the Fund’s investments in Public Investment Funds are intended to provide enhanced liquidity. The Fund may also seek to obtain exposure to credit and credit related instruments through investments in Public Investment Funds for which the Investment Adviser or an affiliate act as investment adviser or principal underwriter as well as unaffiliated Public Investment Funds, without considering or canvassing the universe of unaffiliated funds available.
   Private Investment Funds. The Investment Adviser may invest in a portfolio of Private Investment Funds that principally manage portfolios of credit and credit related instruments. Using information generally available to investors, the Investment Adviser evaluates Private Investment Fund managers based on: the strength of the sponsor and management; consistency of investment process; prior investment performance of the Private Investment Fund as well as the performance of other funds managed by the sponsor; the attractiveness of the sectors and geographical allocations of the Private Investment Fund; expected stability of income; and expected capital appreciation, target leverage levels and ability to weather credit cycles by employing effective risk management and mitigation strategies. The Private Investment Funds included in the Fund’s portfolio may be purchased or sold on the secondary market and may also be purchased directly from the issuer of the security.
   Under normal circumstances, the Fund may invest up to 50% of the Fund’s assets (defined as net assets plus borrowing for investment purposes) in Private Investment Funds. The Fund’s typical investments in Private Investment Funds will be made through the purchase of common stock or limited partnership or membership interests in such funds.
   The Fund may invest a portion of its assets (defined as net assets plus borrowing for investment purposes) in Private Investment Funds that are commonly known as hedge funds or private equity funds, which (i) based on their investment activities, meet the definition of “investment company” found in Section 3(a) of the 1940 Act; and (ii) do not qualify for any exemption from such definition other than that provided by Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act.


 

4


   While the Investment Adviser anticipates that, under normal market conditions, the Fund’s portfolio will invest in each of the categories described above, the Fund does not have predetermined asset allocations to any of these categories, other than the Fund’s policy to invest 80% of its Managed Assets in credit and credit related instruments. Depending on its evaluation of market conditions, the Investment Adviser may allocate the Fund’s assets among any, all or none of these categories, provided that the Fund complies with its 80% policy. There can be no assurance that the actual allocations will be effective in achieving the Fund’s investment objective or delivering positive returns.
   There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective or that its investment program will be successful.
Risk Factors    The following are the principal risks of investing in the Fund.
   Partial or Total Loss of the Fund’s Capital. The Fund is intended for long-term investors who can accept the risks associated with investing in illiquid investments. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment or performance objectives, including the selection of suitable investment opportunities and the achievement of targeted rates of return. The possibility of partial or total loss of capital of the Fund exists, and prospective investors should not subscribe unless they can readily bear the consequences of a complete loss of their investment.
   Investment Risk. The value of the instruments in which the Fund invests may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual companies, particular sectors or governments and/or general economic conditions throughout the world due to increasingly interconnected global economies and financial markets. Price changes may be temporary or last for extended periods. The Fund’s investments may be overweighted from time to time in one or more sub-industries or countries, which will increase the Fund’s exposure to risk of loss from adverse developments affecting those sub-industries or countries. The Fund intends to use leverage, which will magnify the Fund’s investment, market and certain other risks.
   Limitations on the Redemption. An investment in the Fund is not suitable for investors who need certainty about their ability to access all of the money they invest in the short term. Even though the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers for its outstanding Shares (expected to be 5% per quarter), investors should consider Shares of the Fund to be an illiquid investment. In addition, there will be no active secondary market for Shares. There is no guarantee that investors will be able to sell their Shares at any given time or in the quantity that they desire.
   Repurchase Offers Risk. As described under “Periodic Repurchase Offers,” the Fund operates as an “interval fund,” and, in order to provide some liquidity to shareholders, will make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. The Fund currently expects that such quarterly repurchase offers will be for 5% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares at NAV. The repurchase of Shares by the


 

5


   Fund would decrease the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities, and may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities. If the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may compound the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will negatively affect shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses and reducing any net investment income. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed and the Fund determines not to repurchase additional Shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if shareholders tender an amount of Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to purchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis, and shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. Shareholders will be subject to the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Thus, there is also a risk that some shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur. The NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request and the deadline for such repurchase request (“Repurchase Request Deadline”), and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the date in which Shares are priced for the repurchase request (“Repurchase Pricing Deadline”). The NAV on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request. In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund will generally be a taxable event to Shareholders.
   Private Investment Funds Risk. The Fund’s performance depends in part upon the performance of the Private Investment Fund managers and selected strategies, the adherence by such Private Investment Fund managers to such selected strategies, the instruments used by such Private Investment Fund managers and the Investment Adviser’s ability to select Private Investment Fund managers and strategies and effectively allocate Fund assets among them. Fund shareholders will bear two layers of fees and expenses: asset-based fees and expenses at the Fund level, and asset-based fees, incentive allocations or fees and expenses at the Private Investment Fund level.
   Private Investment Funds are subject to risks associated with legal and regulatory changes applicable to financial institutions generally or to Private Investment Funds in particular. The Fund may not be able to invest in certain Private Investment Funds that are oversubscribed or closed, or the Fund may be able to allocate only a limited amount of assets to a Private Investment Fund that has been identified as an attractive opportunity. The Fund’s investments in certain Private Investment Funds may be subject to lock-up periods, during which the Fund may not withdraw its investment. The Fund


 

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   may invest indirectly a substantial portion of its assets in Private Investment Funds that follow a particular type of investment strategy, which may expose the Fund to the risks of that strategy. Many of the Fund’s assets will be priced in the absence of a readily available market and may be priced based on determinations of fair value, which may prove to be inaccurate. The Fund, upon its redemption of all or a portion of its interest in a Private Investment Fund, may receive an in-kind distribution of securities that are illiquid or difficult to value and difficult to dispose of.
   Private Investment Fund returns may exhibit greater correlations among each other or with fixed-income or equity indices than anticipated by the Investment Adviser, particularly during times of general market turmoil. Private Investment Funds may invest in securities of non-U.S. issuers, including those in emerging markets, and the Fund’s assets may be invested in Private Investment Funds that may be denominated in non-U.S. currencies, thereby exposing the Fund to various risks that may not be applicable to U.S. securities. A Private Investment Fund may focus primarily on a particular industry, which would subject the Private Investment Funds, and thus the Fund, to greater risk and volatility than if investments had been made in issuers in a broader range of industries. A Private Investment Fund may focus on a particular country or geographic region, which may subject Private Investment Funds, and thus the Fund, to greater risk and volatility than if investments had been made in issuers in a broader range of geographic regions. A Private Investment Fund may use derivatives for speculative or hedging purposes and non-hedging purposes (that is, to seek to increase total return). Private Investment Funds may incur leverage for investment or other purposes, which may increase the volatility of the Private Investment Funds. A Private Investment Fund may sell short securities held by a Private Investment Fund, which presents the risk of unlimited loss because of increases in the market price of the security sold short, and the risk that a Private Investment Fund’s short selling activities may be adversely affected by regulatory restrictions that may be imposed at any time. A Private Investment Fund may change its investment strategies at any time (subject to any required notification and/or consent provisions set forth in the Private Investment Fund’s governing documents). Private Investment Funds may invest without limitation in restricted and illiquid investments. Private Investment Fund may invest in equity securities without limitation as to market capitalization. Private Investment Funds may invest in equity securities issued by smaller capitalization companies, including micro-cap companies, the prices of which may be subject to erratic market movements.
   Private Investment Funds are not publicly traded and therefore are not liquid investments. Please see “Restricted and Illiquid Investments Risk” for a description of risks associated with illiquid investments. As a result, the Fund may consider information provided by the asset manager to determine the value of the Fund’s investment in the Private Investment Fund. The valuation provided by an asset manager as of a specific date may vary from the actual sale price that may be obtained if such investment were sold to a third party. The Investment Adviser will use reasonable due diligence to value securities and may also consider information provided by the Private Investment Funds,


 

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   including quarterly unaudited financial statements, which if inaccurate could adversely affect the Investment Adviser’s ability to value accurately the Fund’s shares. Private Investment Funds that invest primarily in publicly traded securities are more easily valued.
   In addition to valuation risk, investors in Private Investment Funds (including the Fund) are not entitled to the protections of the 1940 Act. For example, Private Investment Funds need not have independent boards, may not require shareholder approval of advisory contracts, may leverage to an unlimited extent, and may engage in joint transactions with affiliates. As a result, Private Investment Funds may make significant use of leverage, which has the potential to magnify losses versus funds that do not employ leverage. See “Borrowing” and “Leverage” for a description of risks associated with the use of leverage. Additionally, Private Investment Fund managers may have limited operating histories upon which to evaluate their performance, and some Private Investment Fund managers may not be registered under the Investment Advisers Act, under state law, or other applicable law. Further, Private Investment Fund may charge investors (such as the Fund) asset-based fees and incentive allocations or fees of as much as 20% of a Private Investment Fund’s net profits (or more in certain limited circumstances), which may create incentives for Private Investment Fund to make investments that are riskier or more speculative than in the absence of these fees. These characteristics present additional risks, including the possibility of total risk of loss, for shareholders.
   The Fund may invest in Private Investment Funds that are organized as unregistered REITs, commonly known as private REITs. Please see “Private REIT Risk” below for a description of risks associated with private REITs.
   Private REIT Risk. In addition to the risks described in “Private Investment Fund Risk” and “REIT Risk,” Private REITs are typically smaller and financially less stable than publicly-traded REITs. Private REITs are unlisted, making them hard to value and trade. Moreover, private REITs generally are exempt from Securities Act registration and, as such, are not subject to the same disclosure requirements as publicly-traded REITs, which makes private REITs more difficult to evaluate from an investment perspective.
   Public Investment Funds Risk. By investing in Public Investment Funds indirectly through the Fund, investors will incur a proportionate share of the expenses of such Public Investment Funds held by the Fund (including operating costs and investment management fees) in addition to the fees and expenses regularly borne by the Fund. In addition, the Fund will be affected by the investment policies, practices and performance of such Public Investment Funds in direct proportion to the amount of assets the Fund invests therein.
   BDCs generally have significantly higher operating expenses than other Public Investment Funds due in part to their management fee structure and increased use of leverage. Similar to Private Investment Funds, BDCs typically pay a base management fee as well as a performance fee based on investment income and capital gains. A performance fee may create incentives for the BDC’s adviser to make investments that are riskier or more speculative than in the absence of such fee.


 

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   Underlying Funds Invest Independently. The Underlying Funds in which the Fund plans to invest generally invest wholly independently of one another and may at times hold economically offsetting positions. To the extent that these Underlying Funds do, in fact, hold such positions, the Underlying Funds in which the Fund invests, considered as a whole, may not achieve any gain or loss despite incurring fees and expenses in connection with such positions. In addition, the portfolio managers of certain Underlying Funds may be compensated based on the performance of their investments. Accordingly, there may often be times when certain portfolio managers may receive incentive compensation in respect of their investments for a period even though the Underlying Funds overall depreciated during such period.
   Management Risk. A strategy used by the Investment Adviser may fail to produce the intended results.
   Floating and Variable Rate Obligations Risks. Floating and variable rate obligations are debt instruments issued by companies or other entities with interest rates that reset periodically (typically, daily, monthly, quarterly, or semi-annually) in response to changes in the market rate of interest on which the interest rate is based. For floating and variable rate obligations, there may be a lag between an actual change in the underlying interest rate benchmark and the reset time for an interest payment of such an obligation, which could harm or benefit the Fund, depending on the interest rate environment or other circumstances. In a rising interest rate environment, for example, a floating or variable rate obligation that does not reset immediately would prevent the Fund from taking full advantage of rising interest rates in a timely manner. However, in a declining interest rate environment, the Fund may benefit from a lag due to an obligation’s interest rate payment not being immediately impacted by a decline in interest rates.
   Certain floating and variable rate obligations have an interest rate floor feature, which prevents the interest rate payable by the security from dropping below a specified level as compared to a reference interest rate (the “reference rate”), such as LIBOR. Such a floor protects the Fund from losses resulting from a decrease in the reference rate below the specified level. However, if the reference rate is below the floor, there will be a lag between a rise in the reference rate and a rise in the interest rate payable by the obligation, and the Fund may not benefit from increasing interest rates for a significant amount of time.
   Risks Associated with Changes in LIBOR. In 2017, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) warned that LIBOR may cease to be available or appropriate for use by 2021. The unavailability or replacement of LIBOR may affect the value, liquidity or return on certain Fund investments and may result in costs incurred in connection with closing out positions and entering into new trades. Any pricing adjustments to the Fund’s investments resulting from a substitute reference rate may adversely affect the Fund’s performance and/or NAV.


 

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   Loan-Related Investments Risk. In addition to risks generally associated with debt investments (e.g., interest rate risk and default risk), loan-related investments such as loan participations and assignments are subject to other risks. Although a loan obligation may be fully collateralized at the time of acquisition, the collateral may decline in value, be or become illiquid or less liquid, or lose all or substantially all of its value subsequent to investment. Many loan investments are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale and certain loan investments may be or become illiquid or less liquid and more difficult to value, particularly in the event of a downgrade of the loan or the borrower. There is less readily available, reliable information about most loan investments than is the case for many other types of securities, and the Investment Adviser relies primarily on its own evaluation of a borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent sources. The ability of the Fund to realize full value in the event of the need to sell a loan investment may be impaired by the lack of an active trading market for certain loans or adverse market conditions limiting liquidity. Loan obligations are not traded on an exchange, and purchasers and sellers rely on certain market makers, such as the administrative agent for the particular loan obligation, to trade that loan obligation. The market for loan obligations may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. Because transactions in many loans are subject to extended trade settlement periods, the Fund may not receive the proceeds from the sale of a loan for a period after the sale. To satisfy repurchase offers or take a more defensive position in distressed market conditions, the Fund may seek to obtain expedited trade settlement, which will generally incur additional costs (although expedited trade settlement will not always be available). In addition, substantial increases in interest rates may cause an increase in loan obligation defaults.
   Affiliates of the Investment Adviser may participate in the primary and secondary market for loans. Because of limitations imposed by applicable law, the presence of such affiliates in the loan markets may restrict the Fund’s ability to acquire certain loans, affect the timing of such acquisition, or affect the price at which the loan is acquired.
   With respect to loan participations, the Fund may not always have direct recourse against a borrower if the borrower fails to pay scheduled principal and/or interest; may be subject to greater delays, expenses and risks than if the Fund had purchased a direct obligation of the borrower; and may be regarded as the creditor of the agent lender (rather than the borrower), subjecting the Fund to the creditworthiness of that lender as well and the ability of the lender to enforce appropriate credit remedies against the borrower. Investors in loans, such as the Fund, may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws, although they may be entitled to certain contractual remedies.
   Senior loans hold the most senior position in the capital structure of a business entity, and are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the borrower that is senior to that held by subordinated debt holders and shareholders of the


 

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   borrower. Nevertheless, senior loans are usually rated below investment grade. Because second lien loans are subordinated or unsecured and thus lower in priority of payment to senior loans, they are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations of the borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Second lien loans generally have greater price volatility than senior loans and may be less liquid. Generally, loans have the benefit of restrictive covenants that limit the ability of the borrower to further encumber its assets or impose other obligations. To the extent a loan does not have certain covenants (or has less restrictive covenants), an investment in the loan will be particularly sensitive to the risks associated with loan investments.
   Collateralized Loan Obligations and Other Collateralized Debt Obligations Risk. A CLO is an asset-backed security whose underlying collateral is a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and foreign floating rate and fixed rate senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. In addition to the normal risks associated with loan- and credit-related securities discussed elsewhere in the Prospectus (e.g., loan-related investments risk, interest rate risk and default risk), investments in CLOs carry additional risks including, but not limited to, the risk that: (i) distributions from the collateral may not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default; (iii) the Fund may invest in tranches of CLOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction and the legal documents could lead to disputes among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; and (v) the CLO’s manager may perform poorly. CLOs may charge management and other administrative fees, which are in addition to those of the Fund.
   CLOs issue classes or “tranches” that offer various maturity, risk and yield characteristics. Losses caused by defaults on underlying assets are borne first by the holders of subordinate tranches. Tranches are categorized as senior, mezzanine and subordinated/equity, according to their degree of risk. If there are defaults or the CLO’s collateral otherwise underperforms, scheduled payments to senior tranches take precedence over those of mezzanine tranches, and scheduled payments to mezzanine tranches take precedence over those of subordinated/equity tranches. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche which bears the bulk of defaults from the collateral and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Because it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CLO trust typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying collateral and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity and mezzanine tranches, more senior tranches of CLOs can experience losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of more subordinate tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as aversion to CLO securities as a class. The Fund’s investments in CLOs principally consist of senior tranches and, to a lesser extent, mezzanine tranches.


 

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   Typically, CLOs are privately offered and sold, and thus, are not registered under the securities laws. As a result, investments in CLOs may be illiquid and may have limited independent pricing transparency. However, an active dealer market may exist for CLOs that qualify under the Rule 144A “safe harbor” from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for resales of certain securities to qualified institutional buyers, thereby enhancing the instrument’s liquidity.
   CDOs are structured similarly to CLOs, but are backed by pools of assets that are debt securities (rather than being limited only to loans), typically including bonds, other structured finance securities (including other asset-backed securities and other CDOs) and/or synthetic instruments. Like CLOs, the risks of an investment in a CDO depend largely on the type and quality of the collateral securities and the tranche of the CDO in which the Fund invests. CDOs collateralized by pools of asset-backed securities carry the same risks as investments in asset-backed securities directly, including losses with respect to the collateral underlying those asset-backed securities. In addition, certain CDOs may not hold their underlying collateral directly, but rather, use derivatives such as swaps to create “synthetic” exposure to the collateral pool. Such CDOs entail the risks associated with derivative instruments. CBOs are CDOs which are backed exclusively by bonds.
   Unsecured Debt, including Mezzanine Debt. The Fund’s unsecured debt investments, including mezzanine debt investments, generally will be subordinated to senior debt in the event of an insolvency. This may result in an above average amount of risk and loss of principal.
   Non-Investment Grade Fixed Income Securities Risk. Non-investment grade fixed income securities and unrated securities of comparable credit quality (commonly known as “junk bonds”) are considered speculative and are subject to the increased risk of an issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payment obligations. These securities may be subject to greater price volatility due to such factors as specific corporate or municipal developments, interest rate sensitivity, negative perceptions of the junk bond markets generally and less liquidity. The Fund may purchase the securities or obligations of issuers that are in default.
   Preferred Stock, Warrants and Stock Purchase Rights. The Fund may invest in preferred stock, warrants and stock purchase rights (or “rights”). Preferred stocks are securities that represent an ownership interest providing the holder with claims on the issuer’s earnings and assets before common stock owners but after bond owners. Unlike debt securities, the obligations of an issuer of preferred stock, including dividend and other payment obligations, may not typically be accelerated by the holders of such preferred stock on the occurrence of an event of default or other non-compliance by the issuer of the preferred stock. Warrants and other rights are options to buy a stated number of shares of common stock at a specified price at any time during the life of the warrant or right. The holders of warrants and rights have no voting rights, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer.


 

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   Stock Risk. Stock prices have historically risen and fallen in periodic cycles. U.S. and foreign stock markets have experienced periods of substantial price volatility in the past and may do so again in the future. Stock prices may fluctuate from time to time in response to the activities of individual companies and in response to general market and economic conditions. Individual companies may report poor results or be negatively affected by industry and/or economic trends and developments, and the stock prices of such companies may suffer a decline in response.
   Convertible Securities Risk. The market value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, tends to increase as interest rates decline. In addition, because of the conversion feature, the market value of convertible securities tends to vary with fluctuations in the market value of the underlying common stock or other security. A unique feature of convertible securities is that as the market price of the underlying security declines, convertible securities tend to trade increasingly on a yield basis, and so may not experience market value declines to the same extent as the underlying security. When the market price of the underlying security increases, the prices of the convertible securities tend to rise as a reflection of the value of the underlying security.
   Call/Prepayment Risk. An issuer could exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Fund (such as a mortgage-backed security) earlier than expected. This may happen when there is a decline in interest rates, when credit spreads change, or when an issuer’s credit quality improves. Under these circumstances, the Fund may be unable to recoup all of its initial investment and will also suffer from having to reinvest in lower yielding securities.
   Credit/Default Risk. An issuer or guarantor of fixed income securities or instruments held by the Fund (which may have low credit ratings) may default on its obligation to pay interest and repay principal or default on any other obligation. The credit quality of the Fund’s portfolio securities or instruments may meet the Fund’s credit quality requirements at the time of purchase but then deteriorate thereafter, and such a deterioration can occur rapidly. In certain instances, the downgrading or default of a single holding or guarantor of the Fund’s holding may impair the Fund’s liquidity and have the potential to cause significant deterioration in NAV. These risks are more pronounced in connection with the Fund’s investments in non-investment grade fixed income securities.
   Extension Risk. An issuer could exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Fund (such as a mortgage-backed security) later than expected. This may happen when there is a rise in interest rates. Under these circumstances, the value of the obligation will decrease, and the Fund will also suffer from the inability to reinvest in higher yielding securities.


 

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   Interest Rate Risk. The Fund’s debt investments may be based on floating rates, such as LIBOR, the Euro Interbank Offered Rate, the Federal Funds Rate or the Prime Rate. General interest rate fluctuations may have a substantial negative impact on the Fund’s investments, the value of the Fund’s securities and the Fund’s rate of return on invested capital. To the extent that the Fund borrows money or issues preferred stock to finance investments, the Fund’s net investment income would depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which the Fund borrows funds or pays distributions on preferred stock and the rate that the Fund’s investments yield. As a result, the Fund can offer no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on its net investment income.
   A reduction in the interest rates on new investments relative to interest rates on existing investments could also have an adverse impact on net interest income. However, an increase in interest rates could decrease the value of any investments the Fund holds which earn fixed interest rates, including subordinated loans, senior and junior secured and unsecured debt securities and loans and high yield bonds, and also could increase the Fund’s interest expense, thereby decreasing net income.
   Further, rising interest rates could also adversely affect the Fund’s performance if the Fund holds investments with floating interest rates, subject to specified minimum interest rates (such as a LIBOR floor), while at the same time engaging in borrowings subject to floating interest rates not subject to such minimums. In such a scenario, rising interest rates may increase the Fund’s interest expense, even though interest income from investments is not increasing in a corresponding manner as a result of such minimum interest rates.
   If general interest rates rise, there is a risk that issuers of floating rate securities held by the Fund will be unable to pay escalating interest amounts, which could result in a default under the loan documents. Rising interest rates could also cause issuers to shift cash from other productive uses to the payment of interest, which may have a material adverse effect on their business and operations and could, over time, lead to increased defaults. In addition, rising interest rates may reduce borrowers’ demand for floating rate loans, which could suppress the yield on such loans, thereby negatively affecting the Fund’s potential net investment income in the future.
   Original Issue Discount and Payment In Kind Interest Related Risks. The Fund’s investments may include original issue discount (“OID”) instruments and payment in kind (“PIK”) interest arrangements, which represents contractual interest added to a loan balance and due at the end of such loan’s term. To the extent OID or PIK interest constitute a portion of the Fund’s income, the Fund is exposed to typical risks associated with such income being required to be included in taxable and accounting income prior to receipt of cash, including the following:

 

1.

The higher interest rates of OID and PIK instruments reflect the payment deferral and increased credit risk associated with these instruments, and OID and PIK instruments generally represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans.



 

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2.

Even if the accounting conditions for income accrual are met, the borrower could still default when the Fund’s actual collection is supposed to occur at the maturity of the obligation.

 

3.

OID and PIK instruments may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require continuing judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any associated collateral. OID and PIK income may also create uncertainty about the source of the Fund’s cash distributions.

 

4.

For accounting purposes, any cash distributions to shareholders representing OID and PIK income are not treated as coming from paid-in capital, even if the cash to pay them comes from offering proceeds. As a result, despite the fact that a distribution representing OID and PIK income could be paid out of amounts invested by the Fund’s shareholders, the 1940 Act does not require that shareholders be given notice of this fact by reporting it as a return of capital.

 

  Availability of Investments Risk. The Fund operates in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities.
  A number of entities compete with the Fund to make the types of investments that the Fund makes. The Fund competes with private and public investment funds, commercial and investment banks, commercial financing companies, and CDOs, CLOs, and CBOs, among others. Many of the Fund’s competitors are experienced, substantially larger and have greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Fund has. Some competitors may have a lower cost of funds and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some of the Fund’s competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than the Fund. Furthermore, certain of the Fund’s competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the Investment Company Act imposes on the Fund as a registered closed-end fund and that the Code imposes on the Fund as a RIC.
  As a result of this competition, the Fund may not be able to secure attractive investment opportunities from time to time. The Fund may also make investments that are on less favorable terms than what competitors may be able to achieve. There can be no assurance that the competitive pressures the Fund faces will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.
  Mid-Cap and Small-Cap Risk. The securities of mid-capitalization and small-capitalization companies involve greater risks than those associated with larger, more established companies and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements. Securities of such issuers may lack sufficient market liquidity to enable the Fund to effect sales at an advantageous time or without a substantial drop in price. Both mid-capitalization and small-capitalization companies often have narrower markets and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger, more established companies. As a result, their performance can be more volatile and they face greater risk of business failure, which could increase the volatility of the Fund’s portfolio. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater these risks become.


 

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  Initial Public Offerings (“IPOs”) Risk. The market value of IPO shares will fluctuate considerably due to factors such as the absence of a prior public market, unseasoned trading, the small number of shares available for trading and limited information about the issuer. The purchase of IPO shares may involve high transaction costs. IPO shares are subject to market risk and liquidity risk. When the Fund’s asset base is small, a significant portion of the Fund’s performance could be attributable to investments in IPOs, because such investments could have a magnified impact on the Fund. As the Fund’s assets grow, the effect of the Fund’s investments in IPOs on the Fund’s performance will likely decline, which could reduce the Fund’s performance.
  Pre-IPO Investments Risk. Pre-IPO companies typically have limited operating histories, narrower, less established product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions, market conditions and consumer sentiment in respect of their products or services, as well as general economic downturns. Such companies may experience operating losses, which may be substantial, and there can be no assurance when or if such companies will operate at a profit. At the time of the Fund’s investment, there is generally little publicly available information about these businesses since they are primarily privately owned and the Fund may only have access to the company’s actual financial results as of and for the most recent quarter end or, in certain cases, the quarter end preceding the most recent quarter end. There can be no assurance that the information that the Fund does obtain with respect to any investment is reliable. Pre-IPO companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations under their existing credit facilities (to the extent that such facilities exist), which may lead to equity financings, possibly at discounted valuations, in which the Fund could be substantially diluted if the Fund does not, or cannot, participate in such financings. Failing to meet such obligations may also lead to bankruptcy or liquidation and may result in a reduction in value or loss of the Fund’s investment. Pre-IPO companies are more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on the company and, in turn, on the Fund. Continued global economic uncertainty could also result in investors becoming more risk-averse, which in turn could reduce the amount of growth capital available to the companies from both existing and new investors, could adversely affect their operating performance, and could delay liquidity paths (for example, an IPO or strategic sale/merger) for the companies. It may be difficult for the Fund to sell these investments, subjecting the Fund to liquidity risk. The securities of private portfolio companies are illiquid, and the inability of these portfolio companies to complete an IPO within the targeted time frame will extend the holding period of the Fund’s investments and may adversely affect the value of these investments.
  Structured Securities. The Fund may invest in structured securities. Structured securities are securities whose value is determined by reference to changes in the value of specific currencies, securities, interest rates, commodities, indices or other financial indicators (the “Reference”) or the relative change in two or more References. Investments in structured securities may provide exposure to certain securities or markets in situations where regulatory or other restrictions prevent direct investments in such issuers or markets.


 

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  The interest rate or the principal amount payable upon maturity or redemption may be increased or decreased depending upon changes in the applicable Reference. Structured securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the Reference may produce an increase or decrease in the interest rate or value of the security at maturity. In addition, changes in the interest rates or the value of the security at maturity may be a multiple of changes in the value of the Reference, effectively leveraging the Fund’s investments so that small changes in the value of the Reference may result in disproportionate gains or losses to the Fund. Consequently, structured securities may present a greater degree of market risk than many types of securities and maybe more volatile, less liquid and more difficult to price accurately than less complex securities. Structured securities are also subject to the risk that the issuer of the structured securities may fail to perform its contractual obligations. Certain issuers of structured products may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Fund’s investments in structured securities may be subject to the limits applicable to investments in other investment companies.
  Structured securities are considered hybrid instruments because they are derivative instruments the value of which depends on, or is derived from or linked to, the value of an underlying asset, interest rate index or commodity. Commodity-linked notes are hybrid instruments because the principal and/or interest payments on those notes is linked to the value of the individual commodities, futures contracts or the performance of one or more commodity indices.
  Structured securities include, but are not limited to, equity linked notes. An equity linked note is a note whose performance is tied to a single stock, a stock index or a basket of stocks. Equity linked notes combine the principal protection normally associated with fixed income investments with the potential for capital appreciation normally associated with equity investments. Upon the maturity of the note, the holder generally receives a return of principal based on the capital appreciation of the linked securities. Depending on the terms of the note, equity linked notes may also have a “cap” or “floor” on the maximum principal amount to be repaid to holders, irrespective of the performance of the underlying linked securities. For example, a note may guarantee the repayment of the original principal amount invested (even if the underlying linked securities have negative performance during the note’s term), but may cap the maximum payment at maturity at a certain percentage of the issuance price or the return of the underlying linked securities. Alternatively, the note may not guarantee a full return on the original principal, but may offer a greater participation in any capital appreciation of the underlying linked securities. The terms of an equity linked note may also provide for periodic interest payments to holders at either a fixed or floating rate. The secondary market for equity linked notes may be limited, and the lack of liquidity in the secondary market may make these securities difficult to dispose of and to value. Equity linked notes will be considered equity securities for purposes of the Fund’s investment objective and policies.


 

17


  Nature of Distressed Investments. The Fund may invest in the securities and obligations of companies experiencing financial and/or operational distress, including debt obligations that are in covenant or payment default. Such investments are considered high-risk and speculative. Defaulted obligations might not be repaid at all or might be repaid only after lengthy workout or bankruptcy proceedings, during which the issuer of those obligations might not make any interest or other payments.
  Bankruptcy. Given their financial situation, distressed companies also face increased risk that they may be involved in bankruptcy proceedings. There are a number of significant risks when investing in distressed companies that are or may be involved in bankruptcy proceedings, including adverse and permanent effects on a company, such as the loss of its market position and key personnel, otherwise becoming incapable of restoring itself as a viable entity and, if converted to a liquidation, a possible liquidation value of the company that is less than the value that was believed to exist at the time of the investment. Bankruptcy proceedings are often lengthy and difficult to predict and could adversely impact a creditor’s return on investment. The bankruptcy courts have extensive power and, under some circumstances, may alter contractual obligations of a bankrupt company. Shareholders, creditors and other interested parties are all entitled to participate in bankruptcy proceedings and will attempt to influence the outcome for their own benefit. Administrative costs relating to a bankruptcy proceeding will be paid out of the debtor’s estate prior to any returns to creditors. In addition, creditors (such as the Fund) can lose their ranking and priority if they exercise “domination and control” over a debtor and other creditors can demonstrate that they have been harmed by these actions, especially in the case of investments made prior to the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings. Also, certain claims, such as for taxes, may have priority by law over the claims of certain creditors. The Fund also may seek representation on creditors’ committees and, as a member of a creditors’ committee, may owe certain obligations generally to all creditors similarly situated that the committee represents, and it may be subject to various trading or confidentiality restrictions. In addition, many events in a bankruptcy are the product of contested matters and adversary proceedings that are beyond the control of the creditors. Furthermore, the Fund, as lender, can be subject to lender liability claims for actions taken by the Fund where it becomes significantly involved in the borrower’s business or exercises control over the borrower.
  Special Situation Investments Risk. The Fund may make investments in event-driven situations such as recapitalizations, financings, corporate and financial restructurings, acquisitions, divestitures, reorganizations or other situations in public or private companies that may provide the Fund with an opportunity to provide debt and/or equity financing, typically on a negotiated basis. The Investment Adviser will seek special situation investment opportunities with limited downside risk relative to their potential upside. These investments are complicated and an incorrect assessment of the downside risk associated with an investment could result in significant losses to the Fund.


 

18


  Restricted and Illiquid Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in illiquid investments, which are investments that the Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. The Fund may purchase Rule 144A Securities for which there is a secondary market of qualified institutional buyers, as defined in Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act. Rule 144A provides an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for the resale of certain restricted securities to qualified institutional buyers. Investing in Rule 144A Securities may decrease the liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio to the extent that qualified institutional buyers become for a time uninterested in purchasing these restricted securities. The purchase price and subsequent valuation of restricted and illiquid investments normally reflect a discount, which may be significant, from the market price of comparable securities for which a liquid market exists.
  Investments purchased by the Fund, particularly debt securities and over-the-counter traded instruments that are liquid at the time of purchase, may subsequently become illiquid due to events relating to the issuer of the securities, market events, economic conditions or investor perceptions. Domestic and foreign markets are becoming more and more complex and interrelated, so that events in one sector of the market or the economy, or in one geographical region, can reverberate and have negative consequences for other market, economic or regional sectors in a manner that may not be reasonably foreseen. With respect to over-the-counter traded securities, the continued viability of any over-the-counter secondary market depends on the continued willingness of dealers and other participants to purchase the instruments.
  In cases where no clear indication of the value of the Fund’s portfolio instruments is available, the portfolio instruments will be valued at their fair value according to the valuation procedures approved by the Board. These cases include, among others, situations where a security or other asset or liability does not have a price source.
  Middle-Market Company Risks. Investing in middle-market companies involves a number of significant risks, including:

 

i.

such companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt securities, which may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of the Fund realizing any guarantees it may have obtained in connection with its investment;

 

ii.

such companies typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;

 

iii.

such companies are more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on the portfolio company and, in turn, on the Fund;



 

19


iv.

such companies generally have less predictable operating results, may from time to time be parties to litigation, may be engaged in rapidly changing businesses with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance expansion or maintain their competitive position;

 

v.

there is generally little public information about these companies, they and their financial information are not subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and other regulations that govern public companies and the Fund may be unable to uncover all material information about these companies, which may prevent the Fund from making a fully informed investment decision and cause the Fund to lose money on its investments;

 

vi.

the Fund’s executive officers, directors and Investment Adviser may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation arising from the Fund’s investments in the portfolio companies; .........

 

vii.

such companies may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs, which may limit their ability to grow or to repay their outstanding indebtedness, including any debt securities held by the Fund, upon maturity; and

 

viii.

some middle-market companies may be highly leveraged, and therefore their income and net assets will tend to increase or decrease at a greater rate than if borrowed money were not used.

 

  Sovereign Default Risk. The issuer of the non-U.S. sovereign debt held by the Fund or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay the principal or interest when due. This may result from political or social factors, the general economic environment of a country or levels of foreign debt or foreign currency exchange rates.

 

   

Economic Risk—The risks associated with the general economic environment of a country. These can encompass, among other things, low quality and growth rate of Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”), high inflation or deflation, high government deficits as a percentage of GDP, weak financial sector, overvalued exchange rate, and high current account deficits as a percentage of GDP.

 

   

Political Risk—The risks associated with the general political and social environment of a country. These factors may include among other things government instability, poor socioeconomic conditions, corruption, lack of law and order, lack of democratic accountability, poor quality of the bureaucracy, internal and external conflict, and religious and ethnic tensions. High political risk can impede the economic welfare of a country.

 

   

Repayment Risk—A country may be unable to pay its external debt obligations in the immediate future. Repayment risk factors may include but are not limited to high foreign debt as a percentage of GDP, high foreign debt service as a percentage of exports, low foreign exchange reserves as a percentage of short-term debt or exports, and an unsustainable exchange rate structure.

 

  Investments in Derivatives. The Fund’s use of forwards, swaps, structured securities and other derivative instruments may result in losses. These instruments, which may pose risks in addition to and greater than those associated with investing directly in securities, currencies or other investments, may be illiquid or less liquid, volatile, difficult to price and leveraged so that small changes in the value of the underlying instruments may produce disproportionate losses to the Fund. Certain derivatives are also subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the other party in the transaction will not


 

20


  fulfill its contractual obligations, liquidity risk and risks arising from margin requirements, which include the risk that the Fund will be required to pay additional margin or set aside additional collateral to maintain open derivative positions. Derivatives may be used for hedging purposes and non-hedging purposes.
  The use of derivatives is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with investments in more traditional securities and instruments, and there is no guarantee that the use of derivatives will achieve their intended result. If the Investment Adviser is incorrect in its expectation of the timing or level of fluctuation in securities prices, interest rates, currency prices or other variables, the use of derivatives could result in losses, which in some cases may be significant.
  A lack of correlation between changes in the value of derivatives and the value of the portfolio investments (if any) being hedged could also result in losses. In addition, there is a risk that the performance of the derivatives or other instruments used by the Investment Adviser to replicate the performance of a particular asset class may not accurately track the performance of that asset class.
  The Fund may use derivatives, including swaps, to implement short positions. Taking short positions involves leverage of the Fund’s assets and presents various risks. If the value of the instrument or market in which the Fund has taken a short position increases, then the Fund will incur a loss equal to the increase in value from the time that the short position was entered into plus any premiums and interest paid to a counterparty. Therefore, taking short positions involves the risk that losses may be exaggerated, potentially losing more money than the actual cost of the investment. As an investment company registered with the SEC, the Fund must identify on its books (often referred to as “asset segregation”) liquid assets, or engage in other SEC or SEC staff approved or other appropriate measures, to “cover” open positions with respect to certain kinds of derivative instruments. In addition, the use of certain derivatives may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of income or short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates).
  Potential Loss from Currency Fluctuations. The Fund may invest a portion of its capital outside the United States in non-U.S. dollar denominated securities. These investments involve special risks compared with investing exclusively in the United States. Because these investments may involve non-U.S. dollar currencies and because the Fund may hold funds in these currencies in bank deposits during the completion of the investment program, the Fund may be adversely affected by changes in currency rates (including as a result of the devaluation of a foreign currency) and in exchange control regulations and may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. In addition, the equivalent U.S. dollar obligations of the Fund’s investments located outside of the United States may increase as a result of adverse changes in currency rates.


 

21


  Borrowing. The Fund may borrow funds or otherwise utilize leverage for a variety of purposes, subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act as part of the Fund’s investment program, to meet other short-term liquidity needs, including payment of fees and expenses, and to facilitate the Fund’s hedging activities. The terms of the indebtedness incurred by the Fund may require the Fund to maintain minimum average balances in connection with borrowings or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit. Either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. In addition, the Fund may not be able to negotiate commercially reasonable terms for its indebtedness and may not be able to extend or renew the existing terms when the indebtedness comes due. If the Fund is unable to access additional credit or otherwise has insufficient resources to pay its obligations, it may be forced to sell investments at inopportune times, which may further depress returns. The Fund will be limited in its ability to borrow (or guarantee other obligations) to amounts such that the Fund’s asset coverage ratio (as defined in the 1940 Act) would be less than 300%, calculated at the time of such incurrence (i.e., the value of each of the Fund’s total assets less liabilities other than the principal amount represented by indebtedness must be at least 300% of the principal amount represented by indebtedness at the time of incurrence). The Fund may also utilize indebtedness in excess of such limit for temporary purposes such as the settlement of transactions.
  The use of leverage can create risks. Changes in the value of the Fund’s portfolio, including securities bought with the proceeds of leverage, will be borne entirely by the shareholders. If there is a net decrease or increase in the value of the Fund’s investment portfolio, leverage will decrease or increase, as the case may be, the Fund’s NAV to a greater extent than if the Fund did not utilize leverage. The Fund’s leverage strategy may not be successful.
  The Fund May Make Commitments Representing a Substantial Portion of its Total Assets. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Fund may make commitments to provide loans to companies, or commitments to make capital contributions to Private Investment Funds, that represent a substantial portion of the total assets of the Fund, including through the use of leverage. As a result, in certain circumstances, the Fund may need to retain investment income, borrow funds or liquidate some or all of its investments prematurely at potentially significant discounts to market value if the Fund does not have sufficient liquid assets to meet these commitments; however, the Fund will not borrow in excess of applicable limitations under the 1940 Act.
  Risks Relating to the Potential Use of Pass-Through Entities. To the extent permitted by applicable law (including the 1940 Act), the Fund may make investments through one or more partnerships or other pass-through entities in which the sole beneficial interest holders are the Fund. These investment vehicles may incur leverage. To the extent permitted by applicable law including the 1940 Act, the Fund may guarantee the obligations of these investment vehicles and/or assign and pledge assets of the Fund to these investment vehicles in order to secure borrowings or other leverage. Failure by any member of such a pass-through entity to meet its obligations could have adverse effects on the Fund and the other members of any pass-through entity, including the acceleration of payment obligations under any leverage facility used by the vehicle.


 

22


  Dependence upon the Ability of the Investment Adviser. The Board has delegated to the Investment Adviser the authority to make investment, disposition, and related investment management decisions, including the authority to approve all investments and/or all dispositions made by the Fund and to make or provide reserves. In addition, the Board has delegated to the Investment Adviser the authority to manage many of the affairs of the Fund, including, among others, the right to enforce default remedies, responsibility for maintaining the Fund’s books and records and producing the Fund’s reports, the right to calculate and cause the Fund to make distributions. Shareholders will have no right or power to participate in the management or control of the business of the Fund, and thus must depend solely upon the ability of the Investment Adviser with respect to the Fund’s investments. In addition, shareholders will have no opportunity to evaluate the specific investments made by the Fund or the terms of any investment. Accordingly, the success and failure of the Fund will depend to a significant extent on the viability and performance of the Investment Adviser. In managing and directing the investment programs of the Fund, the Investment Adviser will rely heavily on certain key personnel of Goldman Sachs. Certain key personnel, including members of the Investment Adviser’s investment team, may leave Goldman Sachs or rotate to another group within Goldman Sachs. The departure of any of such key personnel or their inability to fulfill certain duties may adversely affect the ability of the Investment Adviser to effectively implement the investment program of the Fund and may have an adverse impact on the Fund. Changes to the composition of the investment team may occur over time and without notice to the shareholders.
  Risk of Certain Events Related to Goldman Sachs. Although the Fund is a separate legal entity from Goldman Sachs, in the event that Goldman Sachs were to become insolvent and/or subject to liquidation, or if there were a change of control of Goldman Sachs, the Fund could nonetheless be adversely affected. In that regard, a bankruptcy or change of control of Goldman Sachs or the Investment Adviser could cause the Investment Adviser to have difficulty retaining personnel or otherwise adversely affect the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective.
  Investment Performance of the Fund and Other Investment Vehicles May Vary Significantly. Goldman Sachs (i) has established, and expects to continue to establish, additional companies, partnerships or other entities, pooled investment vehicles for multiple investors, funds, separate accounts, and other entities, and (ii) includes various business units or divisions, which, in either case, may have, in whole or in part, investment objectives and strategies that may be similar to or overlap with those of the Fund (such entities, business units or divisions are referred to collectively as, “Other Investment Vehicles”). The Fund may at times compete with the Other Investment Vehicles for certain investments and the returns of each of the Other Investment Vehicles will likely differ materially from the returns of the Fund.


 

23


  The results of the investment activities of the Fund may differ significantly from the results achieved by Goldman Sachs for its own benefit and from the results achieved by Other Investment Vehicles based on the investment strategies employed by such investors.
  Subject to applicable law, including the 1940 Act, Other Investment Vehicles and other areas within Goldman Sachs may invest alongside the Fund. In allocating any investment opportunities, the Investment Adviser will take into account numerous factors, in its discretion. Any such investments made alongside the Fund may or may not be in proportion to the relevant commitments of the investing parties and may involve different terms and fee structures than those of the Fund. As a result, investment returns may vary materially among the Fund and Other Investment Vehicles and other areas of Goldman Sachs that invest alongside the Fund.
  The 1940 Act imposes significant limits on co-investment with affiliates of the Fund, and the Fund generally will not be permitted to co-invest alongside its affiliates in privately negotiated transactions unless pursuant to an exemptive order from the SEC or the transaction is otherwise permitted under existing regulatory guidance, such as transactions where price is the only negotiated term, and will not participate in transactions where other terms are negotiable. This could reduce the amount of transactions in which the Fund can participate and makes it more difficult for the Fund to implement its investment objective.
  Market Volatility. The value of any public securities in which the Fund may directly or indirectly invest varies in response to many factors. Factors specific to a company could result in a decrease in the value of the company’s securities. Factors specific to the industry in which the company participates can have a similar effect. The value of a company’s securities can also be adversely affected by changes in financial markets generally that are unrelated to the company itself or its industry. Current economic conditions in some cases have produced downward pressure on security prices and credit availability for certain companies without regard to those companies’ underlying financial strength. In addition, certain options and other equity-related instruments may be subject to additional risks, including liquidity risk, counterparty credit risk, legal risk and operations risk, may involve significant economic leverage and, in some cases, may be subject to significant risks of loss. These factors and others can cause significant fluctuations in the prices of the securities in which the Fund may directly or indirectly invest and can result in adverse effects on the Fund’s returns.
  Effects of Economic Conditions on the Fund and Its Investments. The Fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the deterioration of and uncertainty in the financial markets and economic conditions throughout the world, some of which may magnify the risks described in this prospectus and have other adverse effects. These market conditions have resulted in volatility and illiquidity in the global equity, credit and debt markets generally. While these conditions may create increased investment opportunities for the Fund, certain securities may become less liquid, more difficult to value and thus harder to liquidate.


 

24


  The duration and ultimate effect of market conditions cannot be forecast, nor is it known whether or the degree to which such conditions may improve or worsen. Although the deterioration of market conditions and uncertainty regarding economic markets generally could result in the Fund acquiring investments on more favorable terms, such conditions may also result in declines in the market values of the Fund’s existing investments. Furthermore, the credit markets tend to be volatile and the availability of indebtedness may be difficult to ascertain. As a result, the Fund may be unable to borrow sufficiently. This may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to acquire and dispose of investments as well as on the returns associated with its investments.
  Foreign Risk. When the Fund invests in foreign securities, it may be subject to risk of loss not typically associated with U.S. issuers. Loss may result because of more or less foreign government regulation, less public information, less liquid, developed or efficient trading markets, greater volatility and less economic, political and social stability in the countries in which the Fund invests. Loss may also result from, among other things, deteriorating economic and business conditions in other countries, including the United States, regional and global conflicts, the imposition of exchange controls (including repatriation restrictions), sanctions, foreign taxes, confiscations, trade restrictions (including tariffs), expropriations and other government restrictions by the United States or other governments, higher transaction costs, difficulty enforcing contractual obligations or from problems in share registration, settlement or custody. The Fund or the Investment Adviser may determine not to invest in, or may limit its overall investment in, a particular issuer, country or geographic region due to, among other things, heightened risks regarding repatriation restrictions, confiscation of assets and property, expropriation or nationalization. The Fund will also be subject to the risk of negative foreign currency rate fluctuations, which may cause the value of securities denominated in such foreign currency (or other instruments through which the Fund has exposure to foreign currencies) to decline in value. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time. Foreign risks will normally be greatest when the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in emerging countries.
  [“Brexit” Risk. The decision made in the United Kingdom referendum in June 2016 to leave the European Union (commonly known as “Brexit”) has led to volatility in global financial markets, and in particular in the markets of the United Kingdom and across Europe, and may also lead to weakening in political, regulatory, consumer, corporate and financial confidence in the United Kingdom and Europe. The United Kingdom and European Union announced in March 2018 an agreement in principle to transitional provisions under which European Union law would remain in force in the United Kingdom until the end of December 2020, but this remains subject to the successful conclusion of an agreement between the United Kingdom and the European Union. In the absence of such an agreement there would be no transitional provisions and the United Kingdom would exit the European Union and the relationship between the United Kingdom and the European Union would be based on the World Trade Organization rules (a “hard Brexit”). On October 28, 2019, the United Kingdom came to an agreement with the EU to delay the deadline for withdrawal. Unless the United Kingdom parliament approves the withdrawal agreement by January 31, 2020, it is expected that there will be a hard Brexit on that date absent any further agreements to delay the withdrawal.


 

25


  Consequently, due to this political uncertainty, it is not possible to anticipate, in the absence of an intervening action, when the United Kingdom will leave the EU and whether such departure will benefit from the terms of the withdrawal agreement and the transitional provisions. In the event of a “hard Brexit,” the relationship between the United Kingdom and the EU would be based on the World Trade Organization rules. While it is not currently possible to determine the extent of the impact a hard Brexit may have on the Fund’s investments, certain measures are being proposed and/or will be introduced, at the EU level or at the member state level, which are designed to minimize disruption in the financial markets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the prolonged and continued uncertainty of the status of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU could negatively impact current and future economic conditions in the United Kingdom which, in turn, could negatively impact the Fund’s investments.]
  Emerging Markets. The Fund may invest in securities of issuers located in emerging countries. The securities markets of emerging countries are generally smaller, less developed, less liquid and more volatile than the securities markets of the United States and developed non-U.S. markets. Emerging countries are generally located in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Eastern Europe and Central and South America. Disclosure and regulatory standards in emerging markets are in many respects less stringent than in the United States and in developed non-U.S. markets. There also may be a lower level of monitoring and regulation of securities markets in emerging market countries and the activities of investors in such markets and enforcement of existing regulations has been extremely limited. Many emerging countries have experienced substantial rates of inflation for many years. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates may continue to have very negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain emerging countries. Economies in emerging markets generally are heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be affected adversely by protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade. The economies of countries with emerging markets may also be predominantly based on only a few industries or dependent on revenues from particular commodities. In many cases, governments of emerging countries continue to exercise significant control over their economies, and government actions relative to the economy, as well as economic developments generally, may affect the capacity of issuers of emerging country debt instruments to make payments on their debt obligations, regardless of their financial condition. There can be no assurance that adverse political changes will not cause a loss of any or all of any such investment and, in the case of fixed-income securities, interest thereon.


 

26


  Lack of Financial Reporting Related to Non-U.S. Investments; Adverse Non-U.S. Taxes or Other Conditions. The Fund may invest in non-U.S. entities. Because non-U.S. entities are not subject to uniform reporting standards, practices and disclosure comparable with those applicable to U.S. companies, there may be different types of, and lower quality, information available about non-U.S. companies. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of a company may not reflect its financial position or results of operation in the way they would be reflected had such financial statements been prepared in accordance with the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. This limitation may be particularly true for private equity investments, where there may be little or no publicly available information about private companies. In addition, financial data related to non-U.S. investments may be affected by both inflation and local accounting standards, and may not accurately reflect the real condition of companies and securities markets. Moreover, the Fund may be subject to tax, reporting and other filing obligations in non-U.S. jurisdictions in which non-U.S. companies reside or operate. In addition, non-U.S. securities markets, particularly in developing countries, may be substantially less liquid and have greater volatility than U.S. securities markets.
  Geographic Risk. If the Fund focuses its investments in securities of issuers located in a particular country or region the Fund may be subjected to a greater extent than if investments were less focused, to the risks of volatile economic cycles and/or conditions and developments that may be particular to that country or region, such as: adverse securities markets; adverse exchange rates; adverse social, political, regulatory, economic, business, environmental or other developments; or natural disasters.
  Market Disruption Risk and Terrorism Risk. The military operations of the United States and its allies, the instability in various parts of the world and the prevalence of terrorist attacks throughout the world could have significant adverse effects on the global economy. In addition, certain illnesses have the potential to significantly affect the global economy. Terrorist attacks may also exacerbate some of the foregoing risk factors. A terrorist attack involving, or in the vicinity of, a Fund investment, directly or indirectly, may result in a liability far in excess of available insurance coverage. The Investment Adviser cannot predict the likelihood of these types of events occurring in the future nor how such events may affect the Fund.
  Investment and Repatriation Restrictions. Foreign investment in securities of companies in certain of the countries in which the Fund may invest is restricted or controlled to varying degrees. Certain countries have laws and regulations that currently limit or preclude direct foreign investment in the securities of their companies. Even where permitted, direct investments in certain companies may require significant government approvals under corporate, securities, foreign investment and other similar laws and may require financing and structuring alternatives that differ significantly from those customarily used in countries in other regions. These restrictions or controls may at times limit or preclude foreign investment above certain ownership levels or in certain sectors of the country’s economy and increase the costs and expenses of the Fund. The Fund could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, any required governmental approval for repatriation of capital interests and dividends paid on securities held by the Fund, and income on such securities or gains from the disposition of such securities may be subject to withholding taxes imposed by certain countries or other jurisdictions.


 

27


  Hedging Instruments May Adversely Affect Overall Performance. The Fund’s use of derivatives involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities or more traditional investments of the Fund, depending upon the characteristics of the particular derivative and the Fund’s portfolio as a whole. Engaging in derivative transactions may entail investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest, and involves a risk of loss that could materially adversely affect the overall performance of the Fund. Please see “Borrowing” above.
  Hedging strategies could involve a variety of derivative transactions, including futures, forward, swap, and option contracts or other financial instruments with similar characteristics, including forward foreign exchange contracts, interest rate swaps, credit default swaps and total return swaps, exchanges, caps and options (collectively “Hedging Instruments”). While hedging transactions may reduce the risks associated with an investment by the Fund, the transactions themselves entail risks that are different than those of the investments of the Fund. The risks posed by these transactions include interest rate risk, market risk, the risk that these complex instruments and techniques will not be successfully evaluated, monitored or priced, the risk that counterparties will default on their obligations, liquidity risk and leverage risk. Changes in liquidity may result in significant, rapid and unpredictable changes in the prices for derivatives. Thus, while the Fund may benefit from the use of Hedging Instruments, unanticipated changes in interest rates, securities prices or currency exchange rates may result in a poorer overall performance for the Fund than if they had not used those Hedging Instruments.
  The success of hedging transactions will be subject to the ability to correctly predict movements in and the direction of currency exchange rates, interest rates and public security prices. In addition, the degree of correlation between price movements of the instruments used in a hedging strategy and price movements in the portfolio positions being hedged may vary.
  Currency Hedging Instruments may not be available for certain currencies or may not have a duration that matches the long-term nature of the underlying principal investment. The ability to trade in or exercise options may be restricted in the event that trading in the underlying securities becomes restricted.
  The successful use of these hedging strategies depends upon the availability of a liquid market and appropriate Hedging Instruments, and there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to close out a position when deemed advisable by the Investment Adviser. No assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular futures contract at any particular time. Hedging transactions also involve additional costs and expenses, which may adversely affect the overall performance of the Fund. There can be no assurance that the Fund’s assets will engage in hedging transactions at any given time or from time to time, or that these transactions, if available, will be effective.


 

28


  Current Regulatory Risks. The Dodd-Frank Act was signed into law by President Obama on July 21, 2010. Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Act (as it may be amended, and together with the rules or regulations promulgated thereunder), known as the “Volcker Rule,” restricts banking entities, such as Goldman Sachs, absent an applicable exclusion or exemption, from acquiring or retaining any equity, partnership or other ownership interests in, or sponsoring, a hedge fund or a private equity fund (“covered fund”). U.S. financial regulators issued final rules to implement the statutory mandate of the Volcker Rule on December 10, 2013, which are currently in effect with respect to Goldman Sachs’ investments in and relationships with the Fund.
  The Volcker Rule also prohibits banking entities, such as Goldman Sachs, from engaging in certain trading activities involving their own capital (also known as “proprietary trading”). These prohibitions may include certain restrictions on the extent to which Goldman Sachs may own Shares of the Fund. If Goldman Sachs or its affiliates own 25% or more of the Shares of the Fund longer than three years from the Fund’s launch date, the Fund may be subject to these proprietary trading restrictions, which include restrictions on the ability to purchase and sell securities on a short-term basis. If Goldman Sachs were to own more than 25% of the Shares of the Fund following three years from the Fund’s launch date, the Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective and may be forced to liquidate prematurely, among other things.
  In addition, the Volcker Rule prohibits any banking entity, including Goldman Sachs, from engaging in certain activities that would involve or result in a material conflict of interest between the banking entity and its clients, customers or counterparties, or that would result, directly or indirectly, in a material exposure by the banking entity to high-risk assets or high-risk trading strategies, or that would pose a threat to the safety and soundness of the banking entity or the financial stability of the United States. However, there remains significant uncertainty as to how this prohibition will ultimately impact Goldman Sachs and the Fund.
  Any requirements or restrictions imposed by Goldman Sachs’ policies and procedures or by the Volcker Rule agencies could materially adversely affect the Fund, including because the requirements or restrictions could result in, among other things, the Fund foregoing certain investments or investment strategies or taking or refraining from other actions, any of which could disadvantage the Fund, or adversely affect the value of the investments in which the Fund directly or indirectly participates.
  The Volcker Rule’s final rules provide further information regarding how the above conditions may be interpreted or implemented.
  The currently contemplated course of operation of the Fund may need to be altered in the future in one or more ways, to the extent the Investment Adviser in its discretion determines is necessary or advisable to comply with the Volcker Rule or any other applicable statute. In addition, the Volcker Rule or other rules issued under the Dodd-Frank Act could require or cause Goldman Sachs and/or


 

29


  investment vehicles that it organizes, offers or manages to liquidate or forego certain investments, or take other actions, which actions could disadvantage the Fund, or adversely affect the value of the investments in which the Fund directly or indirectly participates. Certain of these actions may have a material adverse effect on the Fund.
  Regulation and Treatment of the Fund as a Bank Holding Company Affiliate. Goldman Sachs is regulated as a “bank holding company” under the Bank Holding Company Act (the “BHCA”), which generally restricts bank holding companies from engaging in business activities other than the business of banking and certain closely related activities. Goldman Sachs has elected to become a financial holding company under the BHCA and, as such, may engage in a broader range of financial and related activities, as long as Goldman Sachs continues to meet certain eligibility requirements.
  It is contemplated that the Fund will be managed under the direction of the Board comprised of individuals, a majority of whom will be independent of Goldman Sachs, and that, as a result of this and other factors, the Fund will not be “controlled” by Goldman Sachs for BHCA purposes. If the Fund is not controlled by Goldman Sachs for BHCA purposes, the BHCA’s restrictions on Goldman Sachs’ activities and investments should not apply to the Fund.
  However, if the Fund were deemed to be controlled by Goldman Sachs for bank regulatory purposes, the BHCA and other applicable banking laws, rules, regulations and guidelines, and their interpretation and administration by the appropriate regulatory agencies, may, among other things, restrict the transactions and relationships between the Investment Adviser, Goldman Sachs and their affiliates, on the one hand, and the Fund, on the other hand, and may restrict investments and transactions by, and the operations of, the Fund. In addition, certain BHCA regulations may require aggregation of the positions owned, held or controlled by related entities.
  Speculative Position Limits. The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) and various exchanges have rules limiting the maximum net long or short positions which any person or group may own, hold or control in any given futures contract or option on such futures contract. [In addition, in December 2016, the CFTC proposed new rules which would impose position limits for futures and options contracts on twenty-five agricultural, energy and metal commodities, and for economically equivalent futures, options and swaps as well. These rules may adversely impact the Fund.]
  Error and Error Correction Policies. The Investment Adviser will report to the Board any material breaches of the Fund’s investment objective, policies or restrictions and any material errors in the calculation of the NAV of the Fund. Depending on the nature and size of an error, corrective action may or may not be required. Corrective action may involve a prospective correction of the NAV. The Investment Adviser’s error policy and the Fund’s NAV error correction policy limit or restrict when corrective action will be taken, including instances where a Non-Traded Fund (defined below) has provided an incorrect valuation to the Fund. As discussed in more detail under the section entitled “How Are


 

30


  Shares Priced?,” the Fund’s portfolio securities may be priced based on quotations for those securities provided by pricing services and Non-Traded Funds which may be priced on a delayed basis. There can be no guarantee that a quotation provided by a pricing service or Non-Traded Fund will be accurate. Each of the Investment Adviser and the Fund may at any time, in its discretion and without notice to shareholders, amend or supplement its error and NAV error correction policies.
  Potential Conflicts of Interest Risk. The Investment Adviser’s investment team is often responsible for managing the Fund as well as one or more funds and other accounts, including proprietary accounts, separate accounts and other pooled investment vehicles, such as unregistered private funds. A portfolio manager may manage a separate account or other pooled investment vehicle which may have materially higher fee arrangements than the Fund and may also have a performance-based fee. The side-by-side management of these funds may raise potential conflicts of interest relating to cross trading, the allocation of investment opportunities and the aggregation and allocation of trades.
  The Fund anticipates that it will engage in negotiated co-investment transactions in securities of private issuers pursuant to an SEC exemptive order. The order is subject to certain conditions, such as that co-investments be made in a manner consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions, as well as regulatory requirements, and are allocated fairly among participants. If the Fund is unable to rely on the exemptive relief for a particular opportunity, when the Investment Adviser identifies certain investments, it will be required to determine which funds or accounts should make the investment at the potential exclusion of other funds or accounts. In such circumstances, the Investment Adviser will adhere to its investment allocation policy in order to determine the fund or account to which to allocate the opportunity. The policy provides that the Investment Adviser allocate opportunities through a rotation system or in such other manner as the Investment Adviser determines to be equitable. Accordingly, it is possible that the Fund may not be given the opportunity to participate in investments made by other funds or accounts.
  The Investment Adviser has a fiduciary responsibility to manage all client accounts in a fair and equitable manner. The Investment Adviser seeks to provide best execution of all securities transactions and aggregate and then allocate securities to client accounts in a fair and timely manner. To this end, the Investment Adviser has developed policies and procedures designed to mitigate and manage the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from side-by-side management. In addition, the Investment Adviser and the Fund have adopted policies limiting the circumstances under which cross-trades may be effected between the Fund and another client account. The Investment Adviser conducts periodic reviews of trades for consistency with these policies.
  Legal, Tax and Other Regulatory Risks. Legal, tax and regulatory changes could occur that may adversely affect the Fund and its investment results, and/or some or all of the shareholders. Recent economic events have given rise to a political climate that may result in the Investment Adviser and the Fund becoming subject to


 

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  increased regulatory scrutiny and/or entirely new legal, tax or regulatory regimes both within the United States and in other countries in which the Fund may directly or indirectly invest. The Fund may be adversely affected as a result of new or revised legislation, or regulations imposed by the SEC, CFTC, IRS, Federal Reserve, other U.S. or non-U.S. tax or governmental regulatory authorities or self-regulatory organizations that supervise the financial markets.
  The Fund and/or some or all of the shareholders also may be adversely affected by changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules by these governmental authorities and self-regulatory organizations. It is not possible to determine the extent of the impact of any new or revised laws, regulations or initiatives that may be proposed, or whether any of the proposals will become law. Compliance with any new laws or regulations could be more difficult and expensive, and may have a material adverse effect on the Fund and/or some or all of the shareholders.
  The regulation of alternative investment management companies and investment funds (including private equity funds and hedge funds) is evolving, and changes in the regulation of alternative investment management companies and investment funds may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to pursue its investment objective. In addition, from time to time the market for private equity transactions has been adversely affected by regulatory pressures on providers of financing to reduce or eliminate their exposure to such transactions. It is not possible to determine the extent of the impact of any new laws, regulations or initiatives that may be proposed, or whether any of the proposals will become law and the consequences attendant therewith. Compliance with any new laws or regulations could be more difficult and expensive than compliance with existing regimes, and may affect the manner in which the Fund conducts business. New laws or regulations may also subject the Fund or some or all of its shareholders to increased taxes or other costs. In addition, the market for private equity transactions has been adversely affected by a decrease in the availability of financing for transactions.
  Each prospective investor should be aware that tax laws and regulations are changing on an ongoing basis, and such laws and regulations may be changed with retroactive effect. Moreover, the interpretation and application of tax laws and regulations by certain tax authorities may not be clear, consistent or transparent. Uncertainty in the tax law may require the Fund to accrue potential tax liabilities even in situations where the Fund and/or the shareholders do not expect to be ultimately subject to such tax liabilities. In that regard, accounting standards and/or related tax reporting obligations may change, giving rise to additional accrual and/or other obligations. Each prospective investor should also be aware that other developments in the tax laws of the United States or other jurisdictions where the Fund invests could have a material effect on the tax consequences to the shareholders, the Fund and/or the Fund’s direct and indirect subsidiaries discussed in this prospectus and that shareholders may be required to provide certain additional information to the Fund (which may be provided to the IRS or other taxing authorities) or may be subject to other adverse consequences as a result of such change in tax laws. In the event of any such change in law, each shareholder is urged to consult its own tax advisors.


 

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Tax Risk. Although the Fund intends to elect to be treated, and intends to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, the Fund cannot assure shareholders that the Fund will be able to maintain RIC status. To obtain and maintain RIC status and be relieved of U.S. federal income taxes on income and gains distributed to its shareholders, the Fund must meet the annual distribution, source-of-income and asset diversification requirements described below.

 

•  The annual distribution requirement for a RIC will be satisfied if the Fund distributes to its shareholders on an annual basis at least 90% of its investment company taxable income for each taxable year. Because the Fund expects to use debt financing, the Fund expects to be subject to an asset coverage ratio requirement under the 1940 Act, and the Fund expects to be subject to certain financial covenants contained in its credit agreements and other debt financing agreements. This asset coverage ratio requirement and these financial covenants could, under certain circumstances, restrict the Fund from making distributions to its shareholders that are necessary for the Fund to satisfy the distribution requirement. If the Fund is unable to obtain cash from other sources, and thus is unable to make sufficient distributions to its shareholders, the Fund could fail to maintain its status for RIC tax treatment and thus become subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income tax (and any applicable U.S. state and local taxes).

 

•  The source-of-income requirement will be satisfied if at least 90% of the Fund’s gross income for each year is derived from dividends, interest, gains from the sale of stock or securities or similar sources.

 

•  The asset diversification requirement will be satisfied if, at the end of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s assets consists of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other acceptable securities, and no more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s assets is invested in the securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of one issuer, of two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under applicable Code rules, by the Fund and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or of certain “qualified publicly traded partnerships.” Failure to meet these requirements may result in the Fund’s having to dispose of certain investments quickly in order to prevent the loss of the Fund’s RIC status.

  If the Fund fails to maintain its RIC status for any reason, and does not qualify for certain relief provisions under the Code, the Fund would be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income tax (and any applicable U.S. state and local taxes). In this event, the resulting taxes could substantially reduce the Fund’s Net Assets, the amount of the Fund’s income available for distribution and the amount of the Fund’s distributions to its shareholders, which would have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s financial performance. For additional discussion regarding the tax implications of a RIC, see “Taxation.”


 

33


  Uncertain Tax Treatment. The Fund will, from time to time, invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund will cease to accrue interest, original issue discount (“OID”) or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund to the extent necessary in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to ensure that it does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
  RIC-Related Risks of Investments Generating Non-Cash Taxable Income. Certain of the Fund’s investments will require the Fund to recognize taxable income in a taxable year in excess of the cash generated on those investments during that year. In particular, the Fund invests in loans and other debt obligations that will be treated as having “market discount” and/or OID for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Because the Fund will, from time to time, be required to recognize income in respect of these investments before, or without receiving, cash representing such income, the Fund will have difficulty satisfying the annual distribution requirements applicable to RICs and avoiding Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise taxes in such circumstances. Accordingly, the Fund will, from time to time, be required to sell assets, including at potentially disadvantageous times or prices, borrow, raise additional equity capital, make taxable distributions of its Shares or debt securities, or reduce new investments, to obtain the cash needed to make these income distributions. If the Fund liquidates assets to raise cash, the Fund will, from time to time, realize gain or loss on such liquidations; in the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such liquidation transactions, its Shareholders may receive larger capital gain distributions than they would in the absence of such transactions.
  Other Regulatory. The Fund is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act. The Investment Adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Fund may use derivatives that are subject to regulation by the CFTC. Because of this exposure to CFTC-regulated derivatives, the Investment Adviser could become subject to regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (the “CEA”), and the CFTC’s rules and regulations with respect to the operations of the Fund. [However, The Investment Adviser has claimed an exclusion with respect to the Fund from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the CEA and, therefore, is not currently subject to registration or regulation as a pool operator under that CEA with respect to the Fund.] If the Fund were to be subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under the CEA, the Fund may incur compliance and other expenses or otherwise disadvantage the Fund.


 

34


  Market Risk. The value of the securities in which the Fund invests may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual companies, particular sectors or governments and/or general economic conditions throughout the world. Price changes may be temporary or last for extended periods. The Fund’s investments may be overweighted from time to time in one or more sub-industries or countries, which will increase the Fund’s exposure to risk of loss from adverse developments affecting those sub-industries or countries.
  Global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, and conditions and events in one country, region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. In addition, governmental and quasi-governmental organizations have taken a number of unprecedented actions designed to support the markets. Such conditions, events and actions may result in greater market risk.
  Counterparty Risk. Many of the protections afforded to cleared transactions, such as the security afforded by transacting through a clearing house, might not be available in connection with certain over-the-counter transactions. Therefore, in those instances in which the Fund enters into certain over-the-counter transactions, the Fund will be subject to the risk that its direct counterparty will not perform its obligations under the transactions and that the Fund will sustain losses. However, recent regulatory developments require margin on certain uncleared over-the-counter transactions which may reduce, but not eliminate, this risk.
  Private Company Investments Risk. Private companies are not subject to SEC reporting requirements, are not required to maintain their accounting records in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and are not required to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting. As a result, the Investment Adviser may not have timely or accurate information about the business, financial condition and results of operations of the private companies in which the Fund invests. There is risk that the Fund may invest on the basis of incomplete or inaccurate information, which may adversely affect the Fund’s investment performance. Private companies in which the Fund may invest may have limited financial resources, shorter operating histories, more asset concentration risk, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns. These companies generally have less predictable operating results, may from time to time be parties to litigation, may be engaged in rapidly changing businesses with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence, and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance expansion or maintain their competitive position. These companies may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs, which may limit their ability to grow or to repay their outstanding indebtedness upon maturity. In addition, the Fund’s investment also may be structured as pay-in-kind securities with minimal or no cash interest or dividends until the company meets certain growth and liquidity objectives. The securities of private portfolio companies are illiquid, making it difficult for the Fund to sell such investments.


 

35


  Valuation Risk. Market prices may not be readily available for some of the Fund’s investments. The value of such securities is determined by fair valuations determined by the Board or its designee pursuant to procedures governing the valuation of portfolio securities adopted by the Board. Proper valuation of such securities may require more reliance on the judgment of the Investment Adviser than for valuation of securities for which an active trading market exists.
  Global Financial Markets Risk. Global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected and political and economic conditions (including recent instability and volatility) and events (including natural disasters) in one country, region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. As a result, issuers of securities held by the Fund may experience significant declines in the value of their assets and even cease operations. Such conditions and/or events may not have the same impact on all types of securities and may expose the Fund to greater market or liquidity risk or cause difficulty in valuing portfolio instruments held by the Fund. This could cause the Fund to underperform other types of investments.
  The severity or duration of such conditions and/or events may be affected by policy changes made by governments or quasi-governmental organizations. Recent instability in the financial markets has led governments across the globe to take a number of unprecedented actions designed to support the financial markets. Future government regulation and/or intervention may also change the way in which the Fund is regulated and could limit or preclude the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. For example, one or more countries that have adopted the euro may abandon that currency and/or withdraw from the European Union, which could disrupt markets and affect the liquidity and value of the Fund’s investments, regardless of whether the Fund has significant exposure to European markets. In addition, governments or their agencies may acquire distressed assets from financial institutions and acquire ownership interests in those institutions, which may affect the Fund’s investments in ways that are unforeseeable.
  In addition, in the U.S., total public debt as a percentage of gross domestic product has grown rapidly since the beginning of the financial downturn. High levels of national debt may raise concerns that the U.S. government will be unable to pay investors at maturity, may cause declines in currency valuations and may prevent the U.S. government from implementing effective fiscal policy.
  U.S. Government Securities Risk. The U.S. government may not provide financial support to U.S. government agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises if it is not obligated to do so by law. U.S. government securities issued by those agencies, instrumentalities, and sponsored enterprises, including those issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Banks, are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury and, therefore, are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. The


 

36


  maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. government securities held by a Fund may greatly exceed their current resources, including any legal right to support from the U.S. Treasury. It is possible that issuers of U.S. government securities will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have been operating under conservatorship, with the Federal Housing Finance Administration (“FHFA”) acting as their conservator, since September 2008. The entities are dependent upon the continued support of the U.S. Department of the Treasury and FHFA in order to continue their business operations. These factors, among others, could affect the future status and role of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the value of their securities and the securities which they guarantee. Additionally, the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities do not guarantee the market values of their securities, which may fluctuate.
  Swaps Risk. The use of swaps is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques, risk analyses and tax planning different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. The Fund’s transactions in swaps may be significant. These transactions can result in sizeable realized and unrealized capital gains and losses relative to the gains and losses from the Fund’s direct investments in securities and short sales.
  Transactions in swaps can involve greater risks than if the Fund had invested in securities directly since, in addition to general market risks, swaps may be leveraged and subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk, credit risk and pricing risk. Regulators also may impose limits on an entity’s or group of entities’ positions in certain swaps. However, certain risks are reduced (but not eliminated) if the Fund invests in cleared swaps, which are transacted through a futures clearing merchant and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty. Because uncleared bilateral swap agreements are two-party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, these swaps may be considered to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap (including any margin the Fund may have posted in connection with establishing the swap position) in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap counterparty. Many swaps are complex and valued subjectively. Swaps and other derivatives may also be subject to pricing or “basis” risk, which exists when the price of a particular derivative diverges from the price of corresponding cash market instruments. Under certain market conditions it may not be economically feasible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position in time to avoid a loss or take advantage of an opportunity.
  If a swap transaction is particularly large or if the relevant market is illiquid, it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses.
  The value of swaps can be very volatile, and a variance in the degree of volatility or in the direction of securities prices from the Investment Adviser’s expectations may produce significant losses in the Fund’s investments in swaps. In addition, a perfect correlation between a swap and a security position may be impossible to achieve.


 

37


  As a result, the Investment Adviser’s use of swaps may not be effective in fulfilling the Investment Adviser’s investment strategies and may contribute to losses that would not have been incurred otherwise.
  Futures Contracts and Options and Swaps on Futures Contracts. Futures contracts are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that provide for the sale or purchase of a specified financial instrument or currency at a future time at a specified price. An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right (and the writer of the option the obligation) to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise price within a specified period of time. A swap on a futures contract provides an investor with the ability to gain economic exposure to a particular futures market; however, unlike a futures contract that is exchange-traded, a swap on a futures contract is an over-the-counter transaction. A futures contract may be based on particular securities, foreign currencies, securities indices and other financial instruments and indices. The Fund may engage in futures transactions on U.S. and foreign exchanges.
  The Fund may, to the extent consistent with its investment policies, purchase and sell futures contracts, purchase and write call and put options on futures contracts and enter into swaps on futures contracts, in order to seek to increase total return or to hedge against changes in interest rates, securities prices or currency exchange rates, or to otherwise manage its term structure, sector selection and duration in accordance with its investment objective and policies. The Fund may also enter into closing purchase and sale transactions with respect to such contracts and options.
  Futures contracts and related options and swaps present the following risks:
 

•  While the Fund may benefit from the use of futures and options and swaps on futures, unanticipated changes in interest rates, securities prices or currency exchange rates may result in poorer overall performance than if the Fund had not entered into any futures contracts, options transactions or swaps.

 

•  Because perfect correlation between a futures position and a portfolio position that is intended to be protected is impossible to achieve, the desired protection may not be obtained and the Fund may be exposed to additional risk of loss.

 

•  The loss incurred by the Fund in entering into futures contracts and in writing call options and entering into swaps on futures is potentially unlimited and may exceed the amount of the premium received.

 

•  Futures markets are highly volatile and the use of futures may increase the volatility of the Fund’s NAV.

 

•  As a result of the low margin deposits normally required in futures trading, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in substantial losses to the Fund.



 

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•  Futures contracts and options and swaps on futures may be illiquid, and exchanges may limit fluctuations in futures contract prices during a single day.

 

•  Foreign exchanges may not provide the same protection as U.S. exchanges.

  When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments. The Fund may purchase when-issued securities and make contracts to purchase or sell securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond customary settlement time. When-issued securities are securities that have been authorized, but not yet issued. When-issued securities are purchased in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price or yield to the Fund at the time of entering into the transaction. A forward commitment involves entering into a contract to purchase or sell securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond the customary settlement period.
  The purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis involves a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines before the settlement date. Conversely, the sale of securities on a forward commitment basis involves the risk that the value of the securities sold may increase before the settlement date. Although the Fund will generally purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis with the intention of acquiring the securities for its portfolio, the Fund may dispose of when-issued securities or forward commitments prior to settlement if the Investment Adviser deems it appropriate. When purchasing a security on a when-issued basis or entering into a forward commitment, the Fund must identify on its books liquid assets, or engage in other appropriate measures, to “cover” its obligations.
  Repurchase Agreements. Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of securities subject to the seller’s agreement to repurchase them at a mutually agreed upon date and price. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with eligible counterparties which furnish collateral at least equal in value or market price to the amount of their repurchase obligation. The collateral may consist of any type of security in which the Fund is eligible to invest directly. Repurchase agreements involving obligations other than U.S. Government Securities may be subject to special risks and may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterparty’s insolvency.
  If the other party or “seller” defaults, the Fund might suffer a loss to the extent that the proceeds from the sale of the underlying securities and other collateral held by the Fund are less than the repurchase price and the Fund’s costs associated with delay and enforcement of the repurchase agreement. In addition, in the event of bankruptcy of the seller, the Fund could suffer additional losses if a court determines that the Fund’s interest in the collateral is not enforceable.
  The Fund, together with other registered investment companies having advisory agreements with the Investment Adviser or any of its affiliates, may transfer uninvested cash balances into a single joint account, the daily aggregate balance of which will be invested in one or more repurchase agreements.


 

39


  Reverse Repurchase Agreements. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by the Fund with an agreement by the Fund to repurchase the securities at a mutually agreed upon date and price (including interest). Reverse repurchase agreements may be entered into when the Investment Adviser expects that the return to be earned from the investment of the transaction proceeds will be greater than the related interest expense. Reverse repurchase agreements involve leveraging. If the securities held by the Fund decline in value while these transactions are outstanding, the NAV of the Fund’s outstanding shares will decline in value proportionately more than the decline in value of the securities. In addition, reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the investment return earned by the Fund (from the investment of the proceeds) will be less than the interest expense of the transaction, that the market value of the securities sold by the Fund will decline below the price the Fund is obligated to pay to repurchase the securities, and that the securities may not be returned to the Fund.
  The Fund may “set aside” liquid assets, or engage in other appropriate measures to “cover” its obligations with respect to its transactions in reverse repurchase agreements. As a result of such segregation, the Fund’s obligations under such transactions will not be considered senior securities representing indebtedness for purposes of the 1940 Act and the Fund’s use of leverage through reverse repurchase agreements will not be limited by the 1940 Act. The Fund’s use of leverage through reverse repurchase agreements may be limited by the availability of cash or liquid securities to earmark or segregate in connection with such transactions.
  If the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, such buyer or its trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase the securities, and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such decision. Also, the Fund would bear the risk of loss to the extent that the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement are less than the value of the securities subject to such agreement.
  With respect to any reverse repurchase agreement or similar transaction, the Fund’s Managed Assets shall include any proceeds from the sale of an asset of the Fund to a counterparty in such a transaction, in addition to the value of the underlying asset as of the relevant measuring date.
Management Fee   In consideration of the advisory services provided by the Investment Adviser, the Investment Adviser is entitled to receive a monthly management fee (the “Management Fee”) at an annual rate equal to 1.50% of the average daily value of the Fund’s net assets. The Management Fee for any partial month will be appropriately prorated.
Plan of Distribution   Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (“GS&Co.” or the “Distributor”), located at 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282, serves as the Fund’s principal underwriter and acts as the Distributor of the Fund’s Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The Fund’s


 

40


  Shares are offered for sale through the Distributor at NAV plus any applicable sales load. The Distributor also may enter into selling agreements with certain financial intermediaries, including banks, trust companies, brokers, registered investment advisers and other financial institutions (“Intermediaries”), for the sale and distribution of the Fund’s Shares. While Class I Shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase Class I Shares through certain Intermediaries, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine.
  The Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of the Fund’s Shares, but will use its best efforts to solicit orders for the sale of the Shares. Shares of the Fund will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will not act as a market maker in Fund Shares.
  If you purchase the Fund through an Intermediary, the Fund and/or its related companies may pay the Intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your Intermediary’s website for more information.
Distribution and Servicing Fee   Certain share classes of the Fund will pay to the Distributor a distribution and/or service fee, payable monthly in arrears, based on a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributed to such share class as set forth below. As used throughout this prospectus, “Distribution and Servicing Fee” shall refer, collectively, to the fee for distribution-related services and the fee for shareholder services. The Distribution and Servicing Fee for any partial month will be appropriately prorated.

 

Share Class    Distribution
Services
    Shareholder
Services
    Maximum
Distribution-
Related and
Shareholder
Services
 

Class A

     0.25     0.25     0.25

Class C

     0.75     0.25     1.00

Class I

     N/A       N/A       N/A  

Class L

     0.25     0.25     0.50

Class W

     0.25     0.25     0.25

 

  The Distributor will pay various Intermediaries substantially all of the Distribution and Servicing Fee, which they will use to compensate their representatives for sales and/or support services.
  The Distributor, or its affiliates, may directly place certain classes of Shares in the Fund, and for such directly-placed shares, will retain all or a portion of the Distribution and Servicing Fee (as applicable).


 

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Distributions; Timing of Distributions  

 

Subject to the terms of any financing arrangements or other obligations or Preferred Shares (as defined below), the Fund, in its sole discretion, generally intends to make quarterly distributions to shareholders at rates that reflect the past and projected net income of the Fund. In addition, the Fund may occasionally make a distribution at a time when it is not normally made. Subject to applicable law, the Fund may fund a portion of its distributions with gains from the sale of portfolio securities and other sources. The dividend rate that the Fund pays on its Shares may vary as portfolio and market conditions change, and will depend on a number of factors, including without limitation the amount of the Fund’s undistributed net investment income and net short- and long-term capital gains, as well as the costs of any leverage obtained by the Fund (including interest expenses on any reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls and borrowings and dividends payable on any Preferred Shares issued by the Fund). For a discussion of factors that may cause the Fund’s income and capital gains (and therefore the dividend) to vary, see “Principal Risks of the Fund.” The Fund intends to distribute each year all of its net investment income and net short-term capital gains. In addition, at least annually, the Fund intends to distribute net realized long-term capital gains not previously distributed, if any. The net investment income of the Fund consists of all income (other than net short-term and long-term capital gains) less all expenses of the Fund (after it pays accrued dividends on any outstanding Preferred Shares). The initial distribution will be declared on a date determined by the Board. To permit the Fund to maintain more stable distributions, the Fund’s distribution rates will be based, in part, on projections as to annual cash available for distribution and, therefore, the distributions paid by the Fund for any particular quarter may be more or less than the amount of cash available to the Fund for distribution for that period.

  The Fund reserves the right to change its distribution policy and the basis for establishing the rate of its quarterly distributions at any time and may do so without prior notice to common shareholders. Payment of future distributions is subject to approval by the Board, as well as meeting the covenants under any credit facilities and the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act. See “Additional Information About the Fund—Distributions.”
Dividend Reinvestment Plan   Common shareholders will automatically have all dividends and distributions reinvested in Common Shares of the Fund in accordance with the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan (the “Dividend Reinvestment Plan”), unless an election is made to receive cash by contacting the Plan Agent (as defined herein), at 1-800-526-7384. See “Additional Information about the Fund—Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
Periodic Repurchase Offers   The Fund operates as an “interval fund,” a type of fund which, in order to provide some liquidity to shareholders, will make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is possible that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. The Fund’s Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only


 

42


  as a long-term investment. In addition, to the extent that the Fund engages in repurchase offers, such offers may subject the Fund and shareholders to special risks. See “Principal Risks of the Fund—Repurchase Offers Risk.”
Preferred Shares   Although the Fund has no intention of issuing preferred Shares (“Preferred Shares”) within one year of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund may offer Preferred Shares as a means of providing leverage to the Fund in an aggregate amount of up to 50% of the Fund’s Managed Assets immediately after such issuance. Shareholders will not have any preemptive rights to purchase any Preferred Shares that may be issued.
  Furthermore, while any Preferred Shares or debt securities are outstanding, the Fund may be prohibited from making distributions to shareholders unless it meets the applicable asset coverage ratio at the time of the distribution.
  By way of clarification, Preferred Shares are not considered “Shares,” as such term is used in this prospectus.
Expenses   The Fund shall bear all of its own expenses, including without limitation: the Management Fee; the Distribution and Servicing Fee, as applicable; expenses (including financing, due diligence, travel and other costs) related to the acquisition, holding, monitoring and disposition of the Fund’s portfolio investments; accounting, audit and tax preparation fees and expenses; administrative expenses and fees; legal fees and expenses; transfer agency fees and expenses; custody fees and expenses; the costs of any errors and omissions/directors and officers liability insurance or any fidelity bond; all costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding the Fund’s transactions among the Investment Adviser and any custodian or other agent engaged by the Fund; interest expenses; any extraordinary expenses; organizational expenses; and such other expenses as may be approved from time to time by the Board.
  With respect to each share class, the Investment Adviser has agreed to reduce or limit “Other Operating Expenses” (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, transfer agency fees and expenses, distribution and service fees, as applicable, taxes, interest, brokerage fees, expenses of shareholder meetings, litigation and indemnification, and extraordinary expenses) to 0.324% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributed to such class through at least [     ], 2021. Other Operating Expenses are defined below under the “Fee Table.”
  Except as set forth herein or in another agreement between the Fund and the Investment Adviser, the Investment Adviser will bear all of its costs incurred in providing services to the Fund.
Underlying Fund Fees and Expenses  

 

The Fund will indirectly bear, as applicable, the management fees and carried interest allocations (or equivalent) of the Underlying Funds and certain other portfolio investments; the expenses of the Underlying Funds and certain other portfolio investments, including without limitation, investment-related expenses, non-investment related interest expense, administrative expenses and fees and disbursements of attorneys and accountants engaged on behalf of the Underlying Funds and certain other portfolio investments, and other ordinary and extraordinary expenses.



 

43


Leverage   The Fund may borrow funds or otherwise utilize leverage for a variety of purposes, subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act, including as part of the Fund’s investment program, to meet other short-term liquidity needs, including payment of fees and expenses, and to facilitate the Fund’s hedging activities. The Fund will be limited in its ability to borrow (or guarantee other obligations) to amounts such that the Fund’s asset coverage ratio (as defined in the 1940 Act) would be less than 300%, calculated at the time of such incurrence (i.e., the value of the Fund’s total assets less liabilities other than the principal amount represented by indebtedness must be at least 300% of the principal amount represented by indebtedness at the time of incurrence). Subject to the restrictions of the 1940 Act, the Fund may also engage in leverage through the use of one or more partnerships or other pass-through entities in which the sole beneficial interest holder is the Fund. To the extent permitted by applicable law including the 1940 Act, the Fund may guarantee the obligations of these investment vehicles and/or assign and pledge assets of the Fund to these investment vehicles in order to secure borrowings or other leverage.
  The Private Investment Funds, in which the Fund invests may utilize leverage in their investment or operational activities. Such borrowings, however, are not subject to the aforementioned asset coverage ratio test. Accordingly, the Fund may be exposed to the risk of highly leveraged investment programs and strategies. See “Fund Fees and Expenses” and “Principal Risks of the Fund – Borrowing.”
Risks and Potential Conflicts of Interest  

 

An investment in the Fund involves a significant degree of risk, including the risk of a complete loss of capital, and shareholders should be aware that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with the operation of the Fund. Please see “Principal Risks of the Fund” beginning on page [17] and “Potential Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI. Prospective investors should consult with their independent legal counsel and other advisors before deciding whether to invest in the Fund.

Certain Tax Considerations   The Fund intends to elect to be treated, and intends to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be required to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that the Fund timely distributes to its shareholders as dividends if the Fund meets certain source of income, distribution and asset diversification requirements. The Fund intends to timely distribute to its shareholders substantially all of its annual taxable income for each year, except that the Fund may retain certain net capital gains for reinvestment and, depending upon the level of taxable income earned in a year, the Fund may choose to carry forward taxable income for distribution in the following year and pay any applicable U.S. federal excise tax. In addition, the distributions the Fund pays to its shareholders in a year may exceed the Fund’s net ordinary income and capital gains for that year and, accordingly, a portion of such distributions may constitute a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes.


 

44


  Each prospective investor is urged to consult its tax advisors with respect to the specific U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. tax and/or filing consequences of an investment in the Fund.
  Please see “Principal Risks of the Fund – Tax Risks” above and the section entitled “Certain Tax Considerations and Risks” in the SAI.
Limitation on Liability of the Investment Adviser  

 

The Investment Management Agreement provides that the Investment Adviser shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund in connection with the matters to which the Investment Management Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from the Investment Adviser’s willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by the Investment Adviser of its obligations and duties under the Investment Management Agreement.

Fiscal and Tax Year End   The Fund’s fiscal year for financial reporting purposes and taxable year are each the 12-month period ending on September 30.
Reports to Shareholders   As soon as practicable after the end of each calendar year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions paid by the Fund to shareholders for tax purposes will be furnished to shareholders subject to Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) reporting. In addition, the Fund will prepare and transmit to shareholders an unaudited semi-annual and an audited annual report within 60 days after the close of the period for which the report is being made, or as otherwise required by the 1940 Act.
Auditors   [     ] is the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund and will audit the Fund’s financial statements.
Transfer Agent, Custodian and Administrator  

 

[     ] will serve as the transfer agent of the Fund. [     ] (“[     ]”) will serve as the Fund’s Custodian and Administrator.



 

45


FUND FEES AND EXPENSES

General

The Fund shall bear all of its own expenses, including without limitation: the Management Fee; the Distribution and Servicing Fee, as applicable; expenses (including financing, due diligence, travel and other costs) related to the acquisition, holding, monitoring and disposition of the Fund’s portfolio investments; accounting, audit and tax preparation fees and expenses; administrative expenses and fees; legal fees and expenses; transfer agency fees and expenses; custody and escrow fees and expenses; the costs of any errors and omissions/directors and officers liability insurance or any fidelity bond; all costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding the Fund’s transactions among the Investment Adviser and any custodian or other agent engaged by the Fund; interest expenses; any extraordinary expenses; organizational expenses; and such other expenses as may be approved from time to time by the Board.

The Fund will indirectly bear, as applicable, the management fees and carried interest allocations (or equivalent) of the Underlying Funds and certain other portfolio investments; the expenses of the Underlying Funds and certain other portfolio investments, including without limitation, investment-related expenses, non-investment related interest expense, administrative expenses and fees and disbursements of attorneys and accountants engaged on behalf of the Underlying Funds and certain other portfolio investments, and other ordinary and extraordinary expenses.

The Investment Adviser has agreed to reduce or limit “Other Operating Expenses” (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, transfer agency fees and expenses, distribution and service fees, as applicable, taxes, interest, brokerage fees, expenses of shareholder meetings, litigation and indemnification, and extraordinary expenses) 0.324% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributed to such class through at least [ ], 2021. Other Operating Expenses are defined below under the “Fee Table.”

Except as set forth herein or in another agreement between the Fund and the Investment Adviser, the Investment Adviser will bear all of its costs incurred in providing services to the Fund.

Management Fee

In consideration of the advisory services provided by the Investment Adviser, the Investment Adviser is entitled to receive a monthly management fee (the “Management Fee”) at an annual rate equal to 1.50% of the average daily value of the Fund’s net assets. The Management Fee for any partial month will be appropriately prorated.

Distribution and Servicing Fee and Other Payments

Certain share classes of the Fund will pay to the Distributor a distribution and/or service fee, payable monthly in arrears, based on a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributed to such share class as set forth below. As used throughout this prospectus, “Distribution and Servicing Fee” shall refer, collectively, to the fee for distribution-related services and the fee for shareholder services. The Distribution and Servicing Fee for any partial month will be appropriately prorated.

 

Share Class

   Distribution
Services
    Shareholder
Services
    Maximum
Distribution-Related
and Shareholder
Services
 

Class A

     0.25     0.25     0.25

Class C

     0.75     0.25     1.00

Class I

     N/A       N/A       N/A  

Class L

     0.25     0.25     0.50

Class W

     0.25     0.25     0.25

 

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The Distributor will pay various Intermediaries substantially all of the Distribution and Servicing Fee, which they will use to compensate their representatives for sales and/or support services. The Distributor, or its affiliates, may directly place certain classes of Shares in the Fund, and for such directly-placed shares, will retain all or a portion of the Distribution and Servicing Fee (as applicable).

The Investment Adviser may pay additional compensation out of its own resources (i.e., not Fund assets) to certain Intermediaries for sales and wholesaling support, and also for other services including due diligence support, account maintenance, provision of information and support services, including distribution and marketing support services.

Fee Table

The following table shows estimated Fund expenses as a percentage of Net Assets attributable to each Class of Shares. The purpose of the following table and the example below is to help you understand the fees and expenses that you, as a shareholder, would bear directly or indirectly. Shareholders should understand that some of the percentages indicated in the tables below are estimates and may vary. The expenses shown in the table under “Estimated Annual Expenses” are based on assets expected to be received in connection with the reorganization of the Predecessor Fund into the Fund. See “Management of the Fund” and “Additional Information About the Fund—Dividend Reinvestment Plan.” The following table should not be considered a representation of the Fund’s future expenses. Actual expenses may be greater or less than shown.

 

     Class A     Class L     Class C     Class W     Class I  
Shareholder Transaction Expenses (as a percentage of the offering price)           

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price)(1)

     5.75     4.25     None       None       None  

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) on Shares Repurchased within Twelve Months (as a percentage of the lower of original purchase price or sales proceeds)

     0.50     None       1.00     None       None  

Dividend Reinvestment Plan Fees(2)

     None       None       None       None       None  

Estimated Annual Expenses (as a percentage of average net assets assuming the use of leverage)

          

Management Fee(3)

     1.50     1.50     1.50     1.50     1.50

Total Other Expenses

     [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]% 

Distribution and/or Servicing Fee

     0.25     0.50     1.00     0.25     None  

Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds(4)

     [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]% 

Other Operating Expenses(5)

     [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]% 

Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses(6)

     [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]% 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Annual Expense Ratio

     [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]% 

Expense Limitation(7)

     ([   ])%      ([   ])%      ([   ])%      ([   ])%      ([   ])% 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Annual Expense Ratio after Expense Limitation

     [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]%      [   ]% 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

While Class I Shares do not impose a front-end sales charge, if you purchase Class I Shares through certain Intermediaries, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Please consult your Intermediary for additional information. For a description of the sales load and of other compensation paid to the Distributor by the Fund, see the “Shareholder Guide.”

(2)

The expenses of administering the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan are part of the transfer agency fee (which is included in “Other Operating Expenses”).

(3)

The Fund pays a management fee to the Investment Adviser in an annual amount equal to 1.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.

(4)

These expenses represent an estimate of interest payments the Fund expects to incur in connection with its credit facility during its first fiscal year and assumes borrowings in an amount of [  ]% of the Fund’s total assets (as determined immediately after borrowing) and an interest rate of [  ]%. See “Principal Risks of the Fund – Borrowing” and “Leverage.”

 

47


(5)

The Other Operating Expenses for the Fund include all other expenses incurred by the Fund. The Other Operating Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the Fund’s first fiscal year.

(6)

Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses” include the fees and expenses of underlying investment companies in which the Fund invests. Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses reflect an underlying investment company’s operating expenses (i.e., management fees, performance-based fees or allocations, administration fees and professional and other direct, fixed fees and expenses). The amounts shown above as Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year and may change significantly over time.

(7)

The Investment Adviser has agreed to reduce or limit “Other Operating Expenses” (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, transfer agency fees and expenses, distribution and service fees, as applicable, taxes, interest, brokerage fees, expenses of shareholder meetings, litigation and indemnification, and extraordinary expenses) 0.324% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributed to such class through at least [  ], 2021 and prior to such date, the Investment Adviser may not terminate the arrangement without the approval of the Board of Trustees.

The purpose of the table above and the examples below is to assist prospective investors in understanding the various costs and expenses shareholders in the Fund will bear directly or indirectly.

Expense Example

The following Example is intended to help you understand the various costs and expenses that you, as a holder of Shares, would bear. The Example assumes that you invest $1,000 in Shares of the Fund for the time periods indicated. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year, that all dividends and distributions are reinvested at NAV, and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same (except that the Example incorporates the expense limitation arrangement only for the first year), except to reduce annual expenses to reflect the completion of organization expense amortization.

Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be(1):

 

     1 Year      3 Years      5 Years      10 Years  

Class A Shares

   $  [  ]      $  [  ]      $  [  ]      $  [  ]  

Class L Shares

   $  [  ]      $  [  ]      $  [  ]      $  [  ]  

Class C Shares

   $  [  ]      $  [  ]      $  [  ]      $  [  ]  

Class W Shares

   $  [  ]      $  [  ]      $  [  ]      $  [  ]  

Class I Shares

   $  [  ]      $  [  ]      $  [  ]      $  [  ]  

 

(1)

The Example should not be considered a representation of future expenses. The example assumes that the estimated “Other Operating Expenses” set forth in the Estimated Annual Expenses table is accurate and that all dividends and distributions are reinvested at NAV. Actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown, and the Fund’s actual rate of return may be greater or less than the hypothetical 5% return assumed in the Example. In addition to the fees and expenses described above, you may also be required to pay transaction or other fees on the purchase of Class I shares, which are not reflected in the Example. The Example should not be considered a representation of future expenses, and actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown.

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

The financial highlights tables are intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance for the past five years. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the tables represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions).

 

48


The Fund, as the accounting successor of a reorganization, has adopted the operating history of its Predecessor Fund for financial reporting purposes. Therefore, the financial highlights shown below are those of the Predecessor Fund. The information shown below has been derived from the Predecessor Fund’s financial statements and financial highlights, which have been audited by [     ], whose report, along with the Fund’s financial statements, is included in the SAI, which is available upon request.

[     ]

USE OF PROCEEDS

The Fund will invest its capital and net proceeds from purchases of Shares in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and policies. The Fund will seek to invest promptly the net proceeds associated with the offering of its shares in accordance with its investment objective and policies. Certain investments may be delayed if suitable opportunities are unavailable at the time or for other reasons, such as market volatility and lack of liquidity in the markets of suitable investments. Pending such investment, the Fund may hold uninvested capital in the form of cash and cash equivalents, including money market investments.

THE FUND

The Fund is a newly organized, diversified, closed-end management investment company registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on December 2, 2019. The Fund’s investment objective is a non-fundamental policy that may be changed by the Fund’s Board without prior approval of shareholders. The Fund’s principal office is located at 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282, and its telephone number is 212-902-1000. The Fund is the successor to the Resource Credit Income Fund, a Delaware statutory trust, as a result of the reorganization of the Predecessor Fund into the Fund. The Fund’s investment objective and strategies are similar to those of the Predecessor Fund.

The Fund will be managed under the direction of the Board, a majority of the members of which will be individuals who are independent of Goldman Sachs. A description of the Board is set forth in the SAI.

GENERAL INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT APPROACH

Goldman Sachs Asset Management

Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P., part of Goldman Sachs’ Consumer and Investment Management Division serves as the Fund’s investment adviser. The GSAM Fixed Income, GSAM Private Credit Group and AIMS investment teams will be responsible for managing the Fund. The principal executive offices of GSAM are located at 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282. GSAM has been registered as an investment adviser with the SEC since 1990 and is a subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., a bank holding company, and an affiliate of Goldman Sachs.

As of [     ], 2019, GSAM and its advisory affiliates acted as investment adviser in respect of approximately $[     ] in assets (including seed capital and assets under supervision).1 GSAM is part of Goldman Sachs’ Consumer and Investment Management Division, which offers a full range of equity, fixed income and money market mutual funds, private investment funds and separately managed accounts, and currently serves a wide range of clients including private and public pension funds, endowments, foundations, banks, insurance companies, corporations, private investors and family groups.

Investment Process

GSAM’s Global Corporate Credit Investment Philosophy

The Investment Adviser’s Global Corporate Credit investment process revolves around four key elements:

 

1 

Assets under supervision includes assets under management and other client assets for which Goldman Sachs does not have full discretion.

 

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1. Research and evaluate prospective investments—Investment idea generation begins with the Investment Adviser’s portfolio managers, credit analysts and traders through a combination of the following:

 

   

Fundamental research;

 

   

A focus on market conditions and pricing trends; and

 

   

Quantitative research, and/or news and market events.

Ideas are subjected to extensive financial, business and legal due diligence before security selection recommendations are arrived at.

2. Identify investment ideas and formulate strategy—The Global Corporate Investment Team—a group of the Investment Adviser’s senior credit experts—meets weekly to discuss and evaluate individual credit ideas and existing risk exposures. The Team formulates broad strategic themes based on sector views, market developments and trends.

3. Construct portfolio—The portfolio managers construct the portfolio based on a combination of the following:

 

   

Relative value analysis of security selection recommendations;

 

   

Top-down scenario analysis to incorporate macroeconomic views and market technicals into the investment selection process; and

 

   

Diversification across market segments, industry sectors and instrument types to mitigate risk and account for the likelihood that investments will “pay-off” at different times.

Positions are sized based upon the risk and return profiles of the investments, accounting for:

 

   

Liquidity of underlying instruments,

 

   

Structural complexity that is difficult to model,

 

   

Cash flow uncertainty, and/or

 

   

Significant downside potential.

4. Monitor risk and manage the portfolio on an ongoing basis

 

   

Conduct regular performance, operational and risk reviews.

 

   

Evaluate exit opportunities.

 

   

Risk (both before and after an investment is made) and returns will be monitored by both the portfolio managers and the independent risk oversight team.

Selection of Private Investment Funds

The Goldman Sachs Alternative Investments & Manager Selection Group (the “AIMS Group” or “AIMS”), part of the Investment Adviser, will generally select the Private Investment Funds based on, among other factors, an evaluation of the portfolio manager of each Private Investment Fund, including each portfolio manager’s team, strategy, track record, and market reputation. AIMS generally expects to identify established portfolio managers that are experienced investors.

Broadly speaking, AIMS seeks to identify investment managers that are experienced, thoughtful, and aligned with their investors and that appear positioned to achieve risk/return objectives in an investment strategy that is optimal for the Fund’s portfolio. Importantly, AIMS’ investment process is continually evolving, always informed by performance feedback. The key steps in the investment process are outlined below.

The Investment Adviser selects a dedicated diligence team for each potential portfolio investment that is responsible for an examination of a manager’s strategy, historical risk/return profile and its future capabilities. As the dedicated diligence team begins to undertake its evaluation of the manager, the team is encouraged to seek the counsel of strategy experts from within AIMS, including those who may be focused on investments outside of credit investments, and from other parts of Goldman Sachs. In terms of investment approval, proposals from the Investment Adviser’s due diligence team are reviewed and approved by different committees and/or working groups that focus on various aspects of manager diligence, including manager risk. These groups of professionals ultimately approve each investment and appropriate investment size in each manager’s fund.

 

50


AIMS’ due diligence process consists of the same bottom-up evaluation process for each potential Private Investment Fund, irrespective of whether AIMS previously invested in another fund managed by that Private Investment Fund’s manager or whether it is a completely new fund offering in the market.

Originated Investment Opportunities

Competitive Advantages: Goldman Sachs has a preeminent network of relationships and the ability to provide valued intellectual, as well as financial, capital to middle-market borrowers which the GSAM Private Credit Group believes significantly enhances its origination capability. The GSAM Private Credit Group believes that many borrowers prefer to do business with Goldman Sachs and its advised funds because of its ability to offer further services to middle-market companies as they grow in their life cycle, including financial advice, acquisition opportunities and capital markets expertise. The GSAM Private Credit Group is also able to leverage the Goldman Sachs platform to provide borrowers with access to Goldman Sachs’ broad client network, which can be utilized to find new customers and partners as they seek to grow and execute their strategic plans.

Evaluation of Investment Opportunities: The GSAM Private Credit Group is comprised of seasoned professionals with significant private credit investing experience. The team draws on a diverse array of skill sets, spanning fundamental credit and portfolio management, as well as legal and transactional structuring expertise. The GSAM Private Credit Group is trained in, and utilizes, proprietary investment practices and procedures developed over many decades by Goldman Sachs, including those related to performing due diligence on prospective portfolio investments and reviewing the backgrounds of potential partners. Further, Goldman Sachs is an active participant in a wide array of industries, both in service to clients operating in many different industries and acting as a principal or customer in such industries. Accordingly, Goldman Sachs houses a tremendous amount of industry knowledge and experience. Subject to internal information barriers and related limitations, the GSAM Private Credit Group is able to draw upon these industry insights and expertise as it evaluates investment opportunities.

Risk Monitoring of Investments: The GSAM Private Credit Group has significant processes and procedures in place, including proprietary information technology systems, to monitor and evaluate the performance of its investments at the asset level. In addition, the GSAM Private Credit Group benefits from Goldman Sachs’ extensive risk management capabilities, which have been developed and honed over many investment cycles. The GSAM Private Credit Group’s portfolio is regularly reviewed and stressed under various scenarios by senior risk management personnel within Goldman Sachs. These scenarios are drawn from the expertise developed by Goldman Sachs for its own balance sheet. This risk monitoring is designed to minimize the risk of capital loss and maintain an investment portfolio that is expected to perform in a broad range of economic conditions.]

 

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INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to provide attractive risk adjusted returns and current income. The Fund pursues its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its Managed Assets in credit and credit related instruments. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to borrowings for investment purposes) minus the sum of the Fund’s accrued liabilities (other than liabilities representing borrowings for investment purposes). Credit and credit related instruments include (but are not limited to): (i) fixed rate and floating rate debt securities; (ii) direct originations of loans and loan participations, including: (a) senior secured floating rate and fixed rate loans, (b) second lien or other subordinated or unsecured floating rate and fixed rate loans, and (c) other types of secured or unsecured loans and loan participations with fixed, floating, or variable interest rates; (iii) investments in corporate debt obligations, including bonds, notes, debentures, commercial paper and other obligations of corporations to pay interest and repay principal; (iv) debt issued by governments, their agencies, instrumentalities, and central banks; (v) preferred stock; (vi) interests in senior, mezzanine, and subordinated/equity tranches of CLOs, CBOs, CDOs and other securitized investments; (vii) interests in or loans against risk retention vehicles established by managers or sponsors of securitized investment products; (viii) interests in Private Investment Funds that invest principally in credit and/or credit related instruments, including funds structured as private REITs; and (ix) shares of affiliated or unaffiliated SEC-registered investment companies that invest principally in credit and/or credit related instruments, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), mutual funds (including index funds and actively-managed funds), and closed-end funds (including listed BDCs).

The Fund’s 80% policy with respect to investments in credit and credit related instruments is not fundamental and may be changed by the Fund’s Board without shareholder approval. Shareholders will be provided with sixty (60) days’ notice in the manner prescribed by the SEC before any change in the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its Managed Assets in the particular type of investment suggested by its name. The Fund’s investments in derivatives, other investment companies, including Underlying Funds, and other instruments are counted towards the Fund’s 80% investment policy to the extent they have economic characteristics similar to the investments included within that policy.

The Fund may invest without limitation in credit and credit related instruments of issuers in any one sector. The Fund may also invest in derivatives, including (but not limited to) forwards, interest rate futures, interest rate swaps and credit default swaps, which are used primarily to hedge the Fund’s portfolio risks, manage the Fund’s duration and/or gain exposure to certain credit and credit related instruments or indices.

The Investment Adviser’s Strategy

The Investment Adviser seeks to achieve the Fund’s investment objective by allocating the Fund’s assets among different credit asset classes, including but not limited to corporate debt obligations, securitized investments, Private Investment Funds and Public Investment Funds. These asset classes are described in more detail below. The Investment Adviser believes that this approach enables the Fund to generate an attractive return while maintaining an appropriate level of liquidity. Within each asset class, the Investment Adviser maintains the flexibility to invest in both publicly traded and non-publicly traded securities, including originated transactions sourced by the Investment Adviser and/or its affiliates, at all levels of a borrower’s capital structure. In addition, within each asset class, the Investment Adviser seeks to maximize investment returns through in-depth fundamental research that focuses on a security’s operational and financial metrics as well as its relative value.

Corporate Debt Obligations

The Fund’s investments in corporate debt obligations may consist of bonds, notes, debentures, commercial paper, loans and other obligations of corporations to pay interest and repay principal, including debt issued by companies that are highly leveraged. The Fund may also invest in preferred stock. The Fund may also invest in common stocks, warrants, rights and other equity securities, but will generally hold such equity investments only when debt or preferred stock of the issuer of such equity securities is held by the Fund or when the equity securities are received by the Fund in connection with a corporate restructuring of an issuer. The Fund may invest in any part of a borrower’s capital structure, including distressed and more subordinated positions, where the Investment Adviser believes the potential investment presents an opportunity for attractive risk-adjusted income and returns.

 

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The Fund’s direct origination strategy generally focuses on U.S. middle-market companies. “Middle-market companies” refers to companies with between $5 million and $200 million of annual earnings before interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) excluding certain one-time and non-recurring items that are outside the operations of these companies. However, the Fund may from time to time invest in larger or smaller companies under this strategy. Direct originations generate revenues primarily through receipt of interest income, and to a limited extent through income from various loan origination and other fees, dividends on direct equity investments and capital gains on the sales of investments. The companies in which the Fund invests use capital provided by the Fund for a variety of purposes, including to support organic growth, fund acquisitions, make capital investments or refinance indebtedness.

Securitized Investments

Under normal circumstances, the Fund may invest up to 35% of its Managed Assets in securitized investments, including CDOs, CBOs, CLOs and other similar investments. In evaluating a particular securitized investment, the Investment Adviser considers the credit quality and liquidity of the assets underlying the investment. The Investment Adviser also evaluates the timing of cash flows generated by the underlying assets relative to the timing of scheduled payments by the securitized investment. The Investment Adviser also reviews any unique structural characteristics of the security such as auction call features or optional redemptions when assessing potential investments.

Public Investment Funds

The Fund may also seek to obtain exposure to credit and credit related instruments through investments in Public Investment Funds for which the Investment Adviser or an affiliate act as investment adviser or principal underwriter, as well as unaffiliated Public Investment Funds, without considering or canvassing the universe of unaffiliated funds available. The Fund may invest in Public Investment Funds across underlying strategies including:

 

   

Secured Credit Opportunities: an investment strategy focused on first or second lien, senior secured loans. This may also include unitranche loans, which combine both senior and mezzanine debt, typically in a first lien position.

 

   

Unsecured Credit Opportunities: an investment strategy focused on loans subordinate to senior loans. Unsecured debt will not benefit from any interest in collateral of the borrower.

 

   

Equity Investments: an investment strategy focused on assuming equity positions, typically through warrants, as a part of an issued loan.

Private Investment Funds

The Fund’s investments in Private Investment Fund provide access to a portfolio of high-yielding credit and credit related instruments. Using information generally available to investors, the Investment Adviser evaluates Private Investment Fund managers based on: the strength of the sponsor and management; consistency of investment process; prior investment performance of the Private Investment Fund as well as the performance of other funds managed by the sponsor; the attractiveness of the sectors and geographical allocations of the Private Investment Fund; expected stability of income; and expected capital appreciation, target leverage levels and ability to weather credit cycles by employing effective risk management and mitigation strategies. The Private Investment Funds included in the Fund’s portfolio may be purchased or sold on the secondary market and may also be purchased directly from the issuer of the security.

Under normal circumstances, the Fund may invest up to 50% of the Fund’s assets (defined as net assets plus borrowing for investment purposes) in Private Investment Funds (measured at the time of investment). The Fund’s typical investments in Private Investment Funds will be made through the purchase of common stock or limited partnership or membership interests in such funds.

 

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The Fund may invest a portion of its assets (defined as net assets plus borrowing for investment purposes) in Private Investment Funds that are commonly known as hedge funds or private equity funds, which (i) based on their investment activities, meet the definition of “investment company” found in Section 3(a) of the 1940 Act; and (ii) do not qualify for any exemption from such definition other than that provided by Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act.

The Fund may invest in Private Investment Funds across underlying strategies including:

 

   

Debt Opportunities. A long/short investment strategy in corporate debt securities of leveraged companies and financially distressed firms and other investments.

 

   

Credit Opportunities. A long/short investment strategy in corporate debt securities to capture credit opportunities in all market environments.

 

   

Securitized Credit. A long/short investment strategy in securitized investments.

Investments in Private Investment Funds are generally illiquid.

Credit Quality

The Fund may invest in debt securities of any quality, duration or maturity, including debt securities that, at the time of purchase, are non-investment grade (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”). Non-investment grade securities are securities rated BB+, Ba1 or below by an NRSRO, or, if unrated, determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable credit quality. In addition, the Fund may invest without limitation in listed and unlisted, public and private, rated and unrated debt instruments and other obligations of financially troubled companies (sometimes known as “distressed securities” or “defaulted securities”).

Other Information Regarding Investment Strategy

While the Fund intends to invest principally in (directly or indirectly) securities of U.S. issuers, there is no minimum or maximum limit on the amount of the Fund’s Managed Assets that may be invested in securities or other instruments of non-U.S. issuers or borrowers, including securities and instruments quoted in foreign currencies.

The limitations disclosed in this prospectus that limit the amount of the Fund’s investments in any particular asset class or asset type apply only to the Fund’s direct investments without regard to the investments held by any investment companies or investment vehicles in which the Fund invests.

The Fund may, from time to time, take temporary defensive positions that are inconsistent with the Fund’s principal investment strategies in attempting to respond to adverse market, political or other conditions. For temporary defensive purposes (and to the extent that it is permitted to invest in the following), the Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises (“U.S. Government Securities”), commercial paper rated at least A-2 by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“Standard & Poor’s”), P-2 by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or having a comparable credit rating by another NRSRO (or if unrated, determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable credit quality), certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, repurchase agreements, non-convertible preferred stocks and non-convertible corporate bonds with a remaining maturity of less than one year, ETFs and other investment companies and cash items. When the Fund’s assets are invested in such instruments, the Fund may not be achieving its investment objective.

The Fund has no intent to use leverage through issuing Preferred Shares during the next twelve months. However, the Fund may issue Preferred Shares in the future, subject to the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act, which generally require that the Fund have asset coverage of at least 200% of the issue size. The Fund may borrow for investment purposes, to fund distributions, for temporary liquidity, or to finance repurchases of its shares, as permitted under applicable law. In addition, the Fund may be deemed to incur economic leverage embedded in instruments in which it may invest, such as derivatives.

 

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The frequency and amount of portfolio purchases and sales (known as the “portfolio turnover rate”) will vary from year to year. The portfolio turnover rate is not expected to exceed 100%, but may vary greatly from year to year and will not be a limiting factor when the Investment Adviser deems portfolio changes appropriate. Although the Fund generally does not intend to trade for short-term profits, the Fund may engage in short-term trading strategies, and securities may be sold without regard to the length of time held when, in the opinion of the Investment Adviser, investment considerations warrant such action. These policies may have the effect of increasing the annual rate of portfolio turnover of the Fund. Short-term trading strategies would likely result in higher transaction costs and may generate short-term capital gains taxable as ordinary income. If securities are not held for the applicable holding periods, dividends paid on them will not qualify for the advantageous federal tax rates. See “Tax Status” in the Fund’s SAI.

There is no assurance what portion, if any, of the Fund’s investments will qualify for the reduced federal income tax rates applicable to qualified dividends under the Code. Given the Fund’s investment strategies, it is not anticipated that a significant portion of the Fund’s income will be eligible to be designated as qualified dividend income or as eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction. See “Taxation.”]

The Fund anticipates that it will engage, pursuant to an SEC exemptive order, in negotiated co-investment transactions in securities of private issuers alongside certain other funds and/or accounts managed by the Adviser . The order is subject to certain conditions, such as that co-investments be made in a manner consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions, as well as regulatory requirements, and are allocated fairly among participants. The activities and opportunities of the Fund may be restricted or limited from time to time in certain circumstances, which could adversely affect the Fund’s investment program. See “Potential Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI.

References in the Prospectus to market indices are for informational purposes only, and unless otherwise noted, are not necessarily an indication of how the Fund is managed.

While the Investment Adviser anticipates that, under normal market conditions, the Fund’s portfolio will invest in each of the categories described above, the Fund does not have predetermined asset allocations to any of these categories, other than the Fund’s policy to invest 80% of its Managed Assets in credit and credit related instruments. Depending on its evaluation of market conditions, the Investment Adviser may allocate the Fund’s assets among any, all or none of these categories, provided that the Fund complies with its 80% policy. There can be no assurance that the actual allocations will be effective in achieving the Fund’s investment objective or delivering positive returns.

There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective or that its investment program will be successful.

Use of Leverage. The Fund may employ leverage, including borrowing from banks, in an amount of up to 33 and 1/3% (or in the case of the issuance of Preferred Shares, 50%) of the Fund’s total assets minus liabilities and indebtedness not represented by “senior securities” within the meaning of the 1940 Act, as determined immediately after borrowing. The Fund is authorized to borrow money in connection with its investment activities, subject to the limits of the asset coverage requirement of the 1940 Act. The Fund also may borrow money to satisfy repurchase requests from Fund shareholders and to otherwise provide the Fund with temporary liquidity. The 1940 Act requires a registered investment company to satisfy an asset coverage requirement of 300% of its indebtedness, including amounts borrowed, measured at the time indebtedness occurs. This means that the value of the Fund’s total indebtedness may not exceed one-third of the value of its total assets, including the value of the assets purchased with the proceeds of its indebtedness. Certain underlying investment vehicles in which the Fund may invest may utilize leverage in their investment activities. However, some of these investment vehicles are not subject to regulatory limits on asset coverage. Accordingly, the Fund, through its investments in these investment vehicles, may be exposed to the risk of highly leveraged investment programs. In addition, the Fund may use leverage generated by reverse repurchase agreements. The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other institutions, including GS&Co., to seek to increase its net investment income. The Fund may invest any cash collateral received in connection with lending its portfolio securities in registered and unregistered investment pools managed by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates.

 

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Fundamental Policies. The SAI contains a list of the fundamental (those that may not be changed without shareholder approval) and non-fundamental (if any) investment policies of the Fund under the heading “Investment Restrictions.”

PORTFOLIO SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES

Corporate Debt Obligations

Corporate debt obligations include bonds, notes, debentures and other obligations of corporations to pay interest and repay principal. Corporate debt obligations are subject to the risk of an issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on the obligations and may also be subject to price volatility due to such factors as market interest rates, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity.

Corporate debt obligations rated BBB or Baa are considered medium grade obligations with speculative characteristics, and adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances may weaken their issuers’ capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Medium to lower rated and comparable non-rated securities tend to offer higher yields than higher rated securities with the same maturities because the historical financial condition of the issuers of such securities may not have been as strong as that of other issuers. The price of corporate debt obligations will generally fluctuate in response to fluctuations in supply and demand for similarly rated securities. In addition, the price of corporate debt obligations will generally fluctuate in response to interest rate levels. Fluctuations in the prices of portfolio securities subsequent to their acquisition will not affect cash income from such securities but will be reflected in the Fund’s NAV. Because medium to lower rated securities generally involve greater risks of loss of income and principal than higher rated securities, investors should consider carefully the relative risks associated with investment in securities which carry medium to lower ratings and in comparable unrated securities. In addition to the risk of default, there are the related costs of recovery on defaulted issues. The Investment Adviser will attempt to reduce these risks through analysis of each issuer and its ability to make timely payments of income and principal, as well as broad economic trends and corporate developments.

The Investment Adviser employs its own credit research and analysis, which includes a study of an issuer’s existing debt, capital structure, ability to service debt and pay dividends, sensitivity to economic conditions, operating history and current earnings trend. The Investment Adviser continually monitors the investments in the Fund’s portfolio and evaluates whether to dispose of or to retain corporate debt obligations whose credit ratings or credit quality may have changed.

Floating Rate Loans and Other Variable and Floating Rate Securities

The interest rates payable on certain securities in which the Fund may invest are not fixed and may fluctuate based upon changes in market rates. Variable and floating rate obligations are debt instruments issued by companies or other entities with interest rates that reset periodically (typically, daily, monthly, quarterly, or semi-annually) in response to changes in the market rate of interest on which the interest rate is based. Moreover, such obligations may fluctuate in value in response to interest rate changes if there is a delay between changes in market interest rates and the interest reset date for the obligation. The value of these obligations is generally more stable than that of a fixed rate obligation in response to changes in interest rate levels, but they may decline in value if their interest rates do not rise as much, or as quickly, as interest rates in general. Conversely, floating rate securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline.

Floating rate loans consist generally of obligations of companies or other entities (e.g., a U.S. or foreign bank, insurance company or finance company) (collectively, “borrowers”) incurred for a variety of purposes. Floating rate loans may be acquired by direct investment as a lender or as an assignment of the portion of a floating rate loan previously attributable to a different lender. The Fund may also invest in floating rate loans through a participation interest (which represents a fractional interest in a floating rate loan) issued by a lender or other financial institution.

Floating rate loans may be obligations of borrowers that are highly leveraged. Floating rate loans may be structured to include both term loans, which are generally fully funded at the time of the making of the loan, and revolving credit facilities, which would require additional investments upon the borrower’s demand. A revolving credit facility may require a purchaser to increase its investment in a floating rate loan at a time when it would not otherwise have done so, even if the borrower’s condition makes it unlikely that the amount will ever be repaid.

 

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A floating rate loan offered as part of the original lending syndicate typically is purchased at par value. As part of the original lending syndicate, a purchaser generally earns a yield equal to the stated interest rate. In addition, members of the original syndicate typically are paid a commitment fee. In secondary market trading, floating rate loans may be purchased or sold above, at, or below par, which can result in a yield that is below, equal to, or above the stated interest rate, respectively. At certain times when reduced opportunities exist for investing in new syndicated floating rate loans, floating rate loans may be available only through the secondary market. There can be no assurance that an adequate supply of floating rate loans will be available for purchase.

Historically, floating rate loans have not been registered with the SEC or any state securities commission or listed on any securities exchange. As a result, the amount of public information available about a specific floating rate loan historically has been less extensive than if the floating rate loan were registered or exchange-traded. As a result, no active market may exist for some floating rate loans.

Purchasers of floating rate loans and other forms of debt obligations depend primarily upon the creditworthiness of the borrower for payment of interest and repayment of principal. If scheduled interest or principal payments are not made, the value of the obligation may be adversely affected. Floating rate loans and other debt obligations that are fully secured provide more protections than unsecured obligations in the event of failure to make scheduled interest or principal payments. Indebtedness of borrowers whose creditworthiness is poor involves substantially greater risks and may be highly speculative. Borrowers that are in bankruptcy or restructuring may never pay off their indebtedness, or may pay only a small fraction of the amount owed. Some floating rate loans and other debt obligations are not rated by any NRSRO. In connection with the restructuring of a floating rate loan or other debt obligation outside of bankruptcy court in a negotiated work-out or in the context of bankruptcy proceedings, equity securities or junior debt obligations may be received in exchange for all or a portion of an interest in the obligation.

From time to time, Goldman Sachs and its affiliates may borrow money from various banks in connection with their business activities. These banks also may sell floating rate loans to the Fund or acquire floating rate loans from the Fund, or may be intermediate participants with respect to floating rate loans owned by the Fund. These banks also may act as agents for floating rate loans that the Fund owns.

Agents. Floating rate loans typically are originated, negotiated, and structured by a bank, insurance company, finance company, or other financial institution (the “agent”) for a lending syndicate of financial institutions. The borrower and the lender or lending syndicate enter into a loan agreement. In addition, an institution (typically, but not always, the agent) holds any collateral on behalf of the lenders.

In a typical floating rate loan, the agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal and interest and fee payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to all lenders that are parties to the loan agreement. Purchasers will rely on the agent to use appropriate creditor remedies against the borrower. Typically, under loan agreements, the agent is given broad discretion in monitoring the borrower’s performance and is obligated to use the same care it would use in the management of its own property. Upon an event of default, the agent typically will enforce the loan agreement after instruction from the lenders. The borrower compensates the agent for these services. This compensation may include special fees paid on structuring and funding the floating rate loan and other fees paid on a continuing basis. The typical practice of an agent or a lender in relying exclusively or primarily on reports from the borrower may involve a risk of fraud by the borrower.

If an agent becomes insolvent, or has a receiver, conservator, or similar official appointed for it by the appropriate bank or other regulatory authority, or becomes a debtor in a bankruptcy proceeding, the agent’s appointment may be terminated, and a successor agent would be appointed. If an appropriate regulator or court determines that assets held by the agent for the benefit of the purchasers of floating rate loans are subject to the claims of the agent’s general or secured creditors, the purchasers might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a floating rate loan or suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. Furthermore, in the event of the borrower’s bankruptcy or insolvency, the borrower’s obligation to repay a floating rate loan may be subject to certain defenses that the borrower can assert as a result of improper conduct by the agent.

 

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Assignments. The Fund may purchase an assignment of a portion of a floating rate loan from an agent or from another group of investors. The purchase of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the original loan agreement; however, assignments may also be arranged through private negotiations between potential assignees and potential assignors, and the rights and obligations acquired by the purchaser of an assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assigning agent or investor.

Loan Participation Interests. Purchasers of participation interests do not have any direct contractual relationship with the borrower. Purchasers rely on the lender who sold the participation interest not only for the enforcement of the purchaser’s rights against the borrower but also for the receipt and processing of payments due under the floating rate loan.

Liquidity. Floating rate loans may be transferable among financial institutions, but may not have the liquidity of conventional debt securities and are often subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale. Floating rate loans are not currently listed on any securities exchange or automatic quotation system. As a result, no active market may exist for some floating rate loans. To the extent a secondary market exists for other floating rate loans, such market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads, and extended trade settlement periods. The lack of a highly liquid secondary market for floating rate loans may have an adverse effect on the value of such loans and may make it more difficult to value the loans for purposes of calculating the Fund’s NAV.

Extended Trade Settlement Periods. Because transactions in many floating rate loans are subject to extended trade settlement periods, the Fund may not receive the proceeds from the sale of a loan for a period after the sale. As a result, sale proceeds related to the sale of floating rate loans may not be available to make additional investments or to satisfy repurchase offers, and, as a result, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions, such as borrowing from its credit facility, or hold a greater proportion of more liquid, lower-yielding securities, if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations.

Collateral. Most floating rate loans are secured by specific collateral of the borrower and are senior to most other securities or obligations of the borrower. The collateral typically has a market value, at the time the floating rate loan is made, that equals or exceeds the principal amount of the floating rate loan. The value of the collateral may decline, be insufficient to meet the obligations of the borrower, or be difficult to liquidate. As a result, a floating rate loan may not be fully collateralized and can decline significantly in value.

Floating rate loan collateral may consist of various types of assets or interests, including working capital assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory; tangible or intangible assets; or assets or other types of guarantees of affiliates of the borrower.

Generally, floating rate loans are secured unless (i) the purchaser’s security interest in the collateral is invalidated for any reason by a court, or (ii) the collateral is fully released with the consent of the agent bank and lenders or under the terms of a loan agreement as the creditworthiness of the borrower improves. Collateral impairment is the risk that the value of the collateral for a floating rate loan will be insufficient in the event that a borrower defaults. Although the terms of a floating rate loan generally require that the collateral at issuance have a value at least equal to 100% of the amount of such floating rate loan, the value of the collateral may decline subsequent to the purchase of a floating rate loan. In most loan agreements there is no formal requirement to pledge additional collateral. There is no guarantee that the sale of collateral would allow a borrower to meet its obligations should the borrower be unable to repay principal or pay interest or that the collateral could be sold quickly or easily.

In addition, most borrowers pay their debts from the cash flow they generate. If the borrower’s cash flow is insufficient to pay its debts as they come due, the borrower may seek to restructure its debts rather than sell collateral. Borrowers may try to restructure their debts by filing for protection under the federal bankruptcy laws or negotiating a work-out. If a borrower becomes involved in bankruptcy proceedings, access to the collateral may be limited by bankruptcy and other laws. In the event that a court decides that access to the collateral is limited or void, it is unlikely that purchasers could recover the full amount of the principal and interest due.

There may be temporary periods when the principal asset held by a borrower is the stock of a related company, which may not legally be pledged to secure a floating rate loan. On occasions when such stock cannot be pledged, the floating rate loan will be temporarily unsecured until the stock can be pledged or is exchanged for, or replaced by, other assets.

 

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Some floating rate loans are unsecured. The claims of holders under unsecured loans are subordinated to claims of creditors holding secured indebtedness and possibly also to claims of other creditors holding unsecured debt. Unsecured loans have a greater risk of default than secured loans, particularly during periods of deteriorating economic conditions. If the borrower defaults on an unsecured floating rate loan, there is no specific collateral on which the purchaser can foreclose.

Floating Interest Rates. The rate of interest payable on floating rate loans and other floating or variable rate obligations is the sum of a base lending rate plus a specified spread. Base lending rates are generally LIBOR, the Prime Rate of a designated U.S. bank, the Federal Funds Rate, or another base lending rate used by commercial lenders. A borrower usually has the right to select the base lending rate and to change the base lending rate at specified intervals. The applicable spread may be fixed at time of issuance or may adjust upward or downward to reflect changes in credit quality of the borrower.

The interest rate on LIBOR-based floating rate loans/obligations is reset periodically at intervals ranging from 30 to 180 days, while the interest rate on Prime Rate- or Federal Funds Rate-based floating rate loans/obligations floats daily as those rates change. Investment in floating rate loans/obligations with longer interest rate reset periods can increase fluctuations in the floating rate loans’ values when interest rates change.

The yield on a floating rate loan/obligation will primarily depend on the terms of the underlying floating rate loan/obligation and the base lending rate chosen by the borrower. The relationship between LIBOR, the Prime Rate, and the Federal Funds Rate will vary as market conditions change.

Maturity. Floating rate loans typically will have a stated term of five to nine years. However, floating rate loans are frequently prepaid. The degree to which borrowers prepay floating rate loans, whether as a contractual requirement or at their election, may be affected by general business conditions, the borrower’s financial condition, and competitive conditions among lenders. Prepayments cannot be predicted with accuracy. Prepayments of principal to the purchaser of a floating rate loan may result in the principal’s being reinvested in floating rate loans with lower yields.

Supply of Floating Rate Loans. The legislation of state or federal regulators that regulate certain financial institutions may impose additional requirements or restrictions on the ability of such institutions to make loans, particularly with respect to highly leveraged transactions. The supply of floating rate loans may be limited from time to time due to a lack of sellers in the market for existing floating rate loans or the number of new floating rate loans currently being issued. As a result, the floating rate loans available for purchase may be lower quality or higher priced.

Restrictive Covenants. A borrower must comply with various restrictive covenants contained in the loan agreement. In addition to requiring the scheduled payment of interest and principal, these covenants may include restrictions on dividend payments and other distributions to shareholders, provisions requiring the borrower to maintain specific financial ratios, and limits on total debt. The loan agreement may also contain a covenant requiring the borrower to prepay the floating rate loan with any free cash flow. A breach of a covenant that is not waived by the agent (or by the lenders directly) is normally an event of default, which provides the agent or the lenders the right to call the outstanding floating rate loan.

Fees. Purchasers of floating rate loans may receive and/or pay certain fees. These fees are in addition to interest payments received and may include facility fees, commitment fees, commissions, and prepayment penalty fees. When a purchaser buys a floating rate loan, it may receive a facility fee; and when it sells a floating rate loan, it may pay a facility fee. A purchaser may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a floating rate loan or a prepayment penalty fee on the prepayment of a floating rate loan. A purchaser may also receive other fees, including covenant waiver fees and covenant modification fees.

Other Types of Floating Rate Debt Obligations. Floating rate debt obligations include other forms of indebtedness of borrowers such as notes and bonds, obligations with fixed rate interest payments in conjunction with a right to receive floating rate interest payments, and shares of other investment companies. These instruments are generally subject to the same risks as floating rate loans but are often more widely issued and traded.

 

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Non-Investment Grade Securities

Non-investment grade securities and unrated securities of comparable credit quality (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”) are considered speculative. In some cases, these obligations may be highly speculative and have poor prospects for reaching investment grade standing. Non-investment grade securities are subject to the increased risk of an issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest obligations. These securities, also referred to as high yield securities, may be subject to greater price volatility due to such factors as specific corporate or municipal developments, interest rate sensitivity, negative perceptions of the junk bond markets generally and less secondary market liquidity.

Non-investment grade securities are often issued in connection with a corporate reorganization or restructuring or as part of a merger, acquisition, takeover or similar event. They are also issued by less established companies seeking to expand. Such issuers are often highly leveraged and generally less able than more established or less leveraged entities to make scheduled payments of principal and interest in the event of adverse developments or business conditions. Non-investment grade securities are also issued by governmental bodies that may have difficulty in making all scheduled interest and principal payments.

The market value of non-investment grade securities tends to reflect individual corporate or municipal developments to a greater extent than that of higher rated securities which react primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. As a result, the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may depend to a greater extent on the Investment Adviser’s judgment concerning the creditworthiness of issuers than funds which invest in higher-rated securities. Issuers of non-investment grade securities may not be able to make use of more traditional methods of financing and their ability to service debt obligations may be affected more adversely than issuers of higher-rated securities by economic downturns, specific corporate or financial developments or the issuer’s inability to meet specific projected business forecasts. Negative publicity about the junk bond market and investor perceptions regarding lower rated securities, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may depress the prices for such securities.

A holder’s risk of loss from default is significantly greater for non-investment grade securities than is the case for holders of other debt securities because such non-investment grade securities are generally unsecured and are often subordinated to the rights of other creditors of the issuers of such securities. Investment by the Fund in defaulted securities poses additional risk of loss should nonpayment of principal and interest continue in respect of such securities. Even if such securities are held to maturity, recovery by the Fund of its initial investment and any anticipated income or appreciation is uncertain.

The secondary market for non-investment grade securities is concentrated in relatively few market makers and is dominated by institutional investors, including mutual funds, insurance companies and other financial institutions. Accordingly, the secondary market for such securities is not as liquid as, and is more volatile than, the secondary market for higher-rated securities. In addition, market trading volume for high yield securities is generally lower and the secondary market for such securities could shrink or disappear suddenly and without warning as a result of adverse market or economic conditions, independent of any specific adverse changes in the condition of a particular issuer. The lack of sufficient market liquidity may cause the Fund to incur losses because it will be required to effect sales at a disadvantageous time and then only at a substantial drop in price. These factors may have an adverse effect on the market price and the Fund’s ability to dispose of particular portfolio investments. A less liquid secondary market also may make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain precise valuations of the high yield securities in its portfolio.

Credit ratings issued by credit rating agencies are designed to evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments of rated securities. They do not, however, evaluate the market value risk of non-investment grade securities and, therefore, may not fully reflect the true risks of an investment. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes in a rating to reflect changes in the economy or in the conditions of the issuer that affect the market value of the security. Consequently, credit ratings are used only as a preliminary indicator of investment quality.

 

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Restricted Securities

The Fund may purchase securities and other financial instruments that are not registered or that are offered in an exempt non-public offering (“Restricted Securities”) under the Securities Act, including securities eligible for resale to “qualified institutional buyers” pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act.

The purchase price and subsequent valuation of Restricted Securities may reflect a discount from the price at which such securities trade when they are not restricted, because the restriction makes them less liquid. The amount of the discount from the prevailing market price is expected to vary depending upon the type of security, the character of the issuer, the party who will bear the expenses of registering the Restricted Securities and prevailing supply and demand conditions.

Loans and Loan Participations

The Fund may invest in loans and loan participations. A loan participation is an interest in a loan to a U.S. or foreign company or other borrower which is administered and sold by a financial intermediary. In a typical corporate loan syndication, a number of lenders, usually banks (co-lenders), lend a corporate borrower a specified sum pursuant to the terms and conditions of a loan agreement. One of the co-lenders usually agrees to act as the agent bank with respect to the loan.

Participation interests acquired by the Fund may take the form of a direct or co-lending relationship with the corporate borrower, an assignment of an interest in the loan by a co-lender or another participant, or a participation in the seller’s share of the loan. The participation by the Fund in a lender’s portion of a loan typically will result in the Fund having a contractual relationship only with such lender, not with the business entity borrowing the funds. As a result, the Fund may have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the lender selling the participation and only upon receipt by such lender of payments from the borrower. Such indebtedness may be secured or unsecured. Under the terms of the loan participation, the Fund may be regarded as a creditor of the agent bank (rather than of the underlying corporate borrower), so that the Fund may also be subject to the risk that the agent bank may become insolvent. Loan participations typically represent direct participations in a loan to a borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates. The Fund may participate in such syndicates, or can buy part of a loan, becoming a part lender. The participation interests in which the Fund may invest may not be rated by any NRSRO. The secondary market, if any, for loan participations may be limited and loan participations purchased by the Fund may be regarded as illiquid or less liquid.

When the Fund acts as co-lender in connection with a participation interest or when such Fund acquires certain participation interests, the Fund may have direct recourse against the borrower if the borrower fails to pay scheduled principal and interest. In cases where the Fund lacks direct recourse, it will look to the agent bank to enforce appropriate credit remedies against the borrower. In these cases, the Fund may be subject to delays, expenses and risks that are greater than those that would have been involved if the Fund had purchased a direct obligation (such as commercial paper) of such borrower. For example, in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of the corporate borrower, a loan participation may be subject to certain defenses by the borrower as a result of improper conduct by the agent bank.

For purposes of certain investment limitations pertaining to diversification of the Fund’s portfolio investments, the issuer of a loan participation will be the underlying borrower. However, in cases where the Fund does not have recourse directly against the borrower, both the borrower and each agent bank and co-lender interposed between the Fund and the borrower will be deemed issuers of a loan participation.

Senior Loans. The Fund may invest in senior loans. Senior loans hold the most senior position in the capital structure of a business entity, are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the borrower that is senior to that held by subordinated debt holders and shareholders of the borrower. The proceeds of senior loans primarily are used to finance leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, mergers, acquisitions, stock repurchases, refinancings and to finance internal growth and for other corporate purposes. Senior loans typically have rates of interest which are redetermined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually by reference to a base lending rate, plus a premium or credit spread. These base lending rates are primarily the LIBOR and secondarily the prime rate offered by one or more major U.S. banks and the certificate of deposit rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders.

 

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Senior loans typically have a stated term of between five and nine years, and have rates of interest which typically are redetermined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually. Longer interest rate reset periods would generally increase fluctuations in the Fund’s NAV as a result of changes in market interest rates. The Fund is not subject to any restrictions with respect to the maturity of senior loans held in their portfolios. As a result, as short-term interest rates increase, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in senior loans should increase, and as short-term interest rates decrease, interest payable to the Fund from their investments in senior loans should decrease. The Investment Adviser expects the average lives of the senior loans in which Fund invests to be shorter than the stated maturity as a result of prepayments.

Senior loans are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the Fund’s NAV. There can be no assurance that the liquidation of any collateral securing a senior loan would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal payments, or that such collateral could be readily liquidated. In the event of bankruptcy of a borrower, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral securing a senior loan. The collateral securing a senior loan may lose all or substantially all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy of a borrower. Some senior loans are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate such senior loans to presently existing or future indebtedness of the borrower or take other action detrimental to the holders of senior loans including, in certain circumstances, invalidating such senior loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the borrower. If interest were required to be refunded, it could negatively affect the Fund’s performance.

Many senior loans in which the Fund may invest may not be rated by a rating agency, will not be registered with the SEC or any state securities commission, and will not be listed on any national securities exchange. The amount of public information available with respect to senior loans will generally be less extensive than that available for registered or exchange-listed securities. In evaluating the creditworthiness of borrowers, the Investment Adviser will consider, and may rely in part, on analyses performed by others. Borrowers may have outstanding debt obligations that are rated below investment grade by a rating agency. Many of the senior loans in which the Fund may invest will have been assigned below investment grade ratings by independent rating agencies. In the event senior loans are not rated, they are likely to be the equivalent of below investment grade quality. Because of the protective features of senior loans, the Investment Adviser believes that senior loans tend to have more favorable loss recovery rates as compared to more junior types of below investment grade debt obligations. The Investment Adviser does not view ratings as the determinative factor in its investment decisions and rely more upon their credit analysis abilities than upon ratings. Investors in loans, such as the Fund, may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws, although they may be entitled to certain contractual remedies. The market for loan obligations may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. Because transactions in many loans are subject to extended trade settlement periods, the Fund may not receive the proceeds from the sale of a loan for a period after the sale. As a result, sale proceeds related to the sale of loans may not be available to make additional investments or to meet the Fund’s redemption obligations for a period after the sale of the loans, and, as a result, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions, such as borrowing from its credit facility, if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations.

No active trading market may exist for some senior loans, and some loans may be subject to restrictions on resale. A secondary market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods, which may impair the ability to realize full value and thus cause a material decline in the NAV of the Fund. Because transactions in many senior loans are subject to extended trade settlement periods, the Fund may not receive the proceeds from the sale of senior loans for a period after the sale of the senior loans. In addition, the Fund may not be able to readily dispose of its senior loans at prices that approximate those at which the Fund could sell such loans if they were more widely-traded and, as a result of such illiquidity, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions, such as borrowing from its credit facility, if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations, including repurchase obligations. During periods of limited supply and liquidity of senior loans, the Fund’s yield may be lower.

When interest rates decline, the value of the Fund’s investments in fixed rate obligations can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of the Fund’s investments in fixed rate obligations can be expected to decline. Although changes in prevailing interest rates can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the value of senior loans (due to the fact that floating rates on senior loans only reset periodically), the value of senior loans is substantially

 

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less sensitive to changes in market interest rates than fixed rate instruments. As a result, to the extent the Fund predominantly invests in floating-rate senior loans, the Fund’s portfolio may be less volatile and less sensitive to changes in market interest rates than if the Fund invested in fixed rate obligations. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may cause a decline in the value of these investments and in the Fund’s NAV. Other factors (including, but not limited to, rating downgrades, credit deterioration, a large downward movement in stock prices, a disparity in supply and demand of certain securities or market conditions that reduce liquidity) can reduce the value of senior loans and other debt obligations, impairing the NAV of the Fund.

The Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio a senior loan where the borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy reorganization proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. Such investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, although they also will be subject to greater risk of loss. At times, in connection with the restructuring of a senior loan either outside of bankruptcy court or in the context of bankruptcy court proceedings, the Fund may determine or be required to accept equity securities or junior credit securities in exchange for all or a portion of a senior loan.

The Fund may also purchase senior loans on a direct assignment basis. If the Fund purchases a senior loan on direct assignment, it typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement of the assigning lender and becomes a lender under the loan agreement with the same rights and obligations as the assigning lender. Investments in senior loans on a direct assignment basis may involve additional risks to the Fund. For example, if such loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any collateral, and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral.

Loans and other types of direct indebtedness may not be readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. In some cases, negotiations involved in disposing of indebtedness may require weeks to complete. Consequently, some indebtedness may be difficult or impossible to dispose of readily at what the Investment Adviser believes to be a fair price. In addition, valuation of illiquid or less liquid indebtedness involves a greater degree of judgment in determining the NAV of the Fund than if that valuation were based on available market quotations, and could result in significant variations in the Fund’s share price. At the same time, some loan interests are traded among certain financial institutions and accordingly may not be illiquid. As the market for different types of indebtedness develops, the liquidity of these instruments is expected to improve. Investments in loans and loan participations are considered to be debt obligations for purposes of the Fund’s investment restriction relating to the lending of funds or assets by the Fund.

Second Lien Loans. The Fund may invest in second lien loans, which have the same characteristics as senior loans except that such loans are second in lien property rather than first. Second lien loans typically have adjustable floating rate interest payments. Accordingly, the risks associated with second lien loans are higher than the risk of loans with first priority over the collateral. In the event of default on a second lien loan, the first priority lien holder has first claim to the underlying collateral of the loan. It is possible that no collateral value would remain for the second priority lien holder and therefore result in a loss of investment to the Fund.

This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Second lien loans generally have greater price volatility than senior loans and may be less liquid. There is also a possibility that originators will not be able to sell participations in second lien loans, which would create greater credit risk exposure for the holders of such loans. Second lien loans share the same risks as other below investment grade securities.

Collateralized Loan Obligations and Other Collateralized Debt Obligations

The Fund may invest CLOs and other similarly structured investments. A CLO is an asset-backed security whose underlying collateral is a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and foreign floating rate and fixed rate senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. In addition to the normal risks associated with loan- and credit-related securities discussed elsewhere in the prospectus (e.g., loan-related investments risk, interest rate risk and default risk), investments in CLOs carry additional risks including, but not limited to, the risk that: (i) distributions from the collateral may not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline

 

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in value or default; (iii) the Fund may invest in tranches of CLOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction and the legal documents could lead to disputes among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; and (v) the CLO’s manager may perform poorly. CLOs may charge management and other administrative fees, which are in addition to those of the Fund.

CLOs issue classes or “tranches” that offer various maturity, risk and yield characteristics. Losses caused by defaults on underlying assets are borne first by the holders of subordinate tranches. Tranches are categorized as senior, mezzanine and subordinated/equity, according to their degree of risk. If there are defaults or the CLO’s collateral otherwise underperforms, scheduled payments to senior tranches take precedence over those of mezzanine tranches, and scheduled payments to mezzanine tranches take precedence over those of subordinated/equity tranches. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche which bears the bulk of defaults from the collateral and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Because it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CLO trust typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying collateral and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity and mezzanine tranches, more senior tranches of CLOs can experience losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of more subordinate tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as aversion to CLO securities as a class.

Typically, CLOs are privately offered and sold, and thus, are not registered under the securities laws. As a result, investments in CLOs may be illiquid and may have limited independent pricing transparency. However, an active dealer market may exist for CLOs that qualify under the Rule 144A “safe harbor” from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for resales of certain securities to qualified institutional buyers.

The Fund may also invest in CDOs, which are structured similarly to CLOs, but are backed by pools of assets that are debt securities (rather than being limited only to loans), typically including bonds, other structured finance securities (including other asset-backed securities and other CDOs) and/or synthetic instruments. Like CLOs, the risks of an investment in a CDO depend largely on the type and quality of the collateral securities and the tranche of the CDO in which a Fund invests. CDOs collateralized by pools of asset-backed securities carry the same risks as investments in asset-backed securities directly, including losses with respect to the collateral underlying those asset-backed securities. In addition, certain CDOs may not hold their underlying collateral directly, but rather, use derivatives such as swaps to create “synthetic” exposure to the collateral pool. Such CDOs entail the risks associated with derivative instruments. CBOs are CDOs which are backed exclusively by bonds.

Risk Retention Vehicles

The Fund may invest in interests in or loans against “risk retention” vehicles. These vehicles are established by managers or sponsors of securitized investment products to address rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Federal Housing Finance Agency, the Federal Depositors Insurance Corporation and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency to implement the risk retention requirements of Section 941 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, codified as Section 15G of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The rules are intended to better align the interests of securitizers with those of investors in securitizations by requiring sponsors in asset-backed securitization transactions to hold a minimum of 5% of the outstanding principal balance of each class of securities issued or by way of a vertical slice, 5% of the fair value of the securities issued by way of a horizontal slice, or a combination of the two. The Fund may also invest in risk retention vehicles designed to address similar requirements adopted by the European Union.

Distressed Debt

The Fund may invest in the securities and other obligations of financially troubled companies, including stressed, distressed and bankrupt issuers and debt obligations that are in covenant or payment default. In addition, investments of the Fund may become distressed or bankrupt following the Fund’s initial acquisition of the security. Historically, economic downturns or increases in interest rates have, under certain circumstances, resulted in a higher occurrence of default by the issuers of these instruments. Such investments generally trade significantly below par and are considered speculative. The repayment of defaulted obligations is subject to significant uncertainties. Defaulted obligations might be repaid only after lengthy workout or bankruptcy proceedings, during which the issuer might not make any interest or other payments. Typically such workout or bankruptcy proceedings result in only partial recovery of cash payments or an exchange of the defaulted obligation for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid or speculative.

 

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In any investment involving stressed and distressed debt obligations, there exists the risk that the transaction involving such debt obligations will be unsuccessful, take considerable time or will result in a distribution of cash or a new security or obligation in exchange for the stressed and distressed debt obligations, the value of which may be less than the Fund’s purchase price of such debt obligations. Furthermore, if an anticipated transaction does not occur, the Fund may be required to sell its investment at a loss. Distressed investments may require active participation by the Investment Adviser in the restructuring of the Fund’s investment or other actions intended to protect the Fund’s investment; however, there may be situations where the Investment Adviser may determine to not so participate due to regulatory, tax or other considerations. In addition, the Fund may participate on creditors’ committees to negotiate with the management of financially troubled issuers of securities held by the Fund. Such participation may subject a Fund to additional expenses (including legal fees) and may make a Fund an “insider” of the issuer for purposes of the federal securities laws. This may result in increased litigation risks to the Fund or may restrict the Investment Adviser’s ability to dispose of the security.

There are a number of significant risks inherent in the bankruptcy process. Many events in a bankruptcy are the product of contested matters and adversary proceedings and are beyond the control of the creditors. A bankruptcy filing by an issuer may adversely and permanently affect the issuer, and if the proceeding is converted to a liquidation, the value of the issuer may not equal the liquidation value that was believed to exist at the time of the investment. The duration of a bankruptcy proceeding is difficult to predict, and a creditor’s return on investment can be adversely affected by delays until the plan of reorganization ultimately becomes effective. The administrative costs in connection with a bankruptcy proceeding are frequently high and would be paid out of the debtor’s estate prior to any return to creditors. Because the standards for classification of claims under bankruptcy law are vague, there exists the risk that the Fund’s influence with respect to the class of securities or other obligations it owns can be lost by increases in the number and amount of claims in the same class or by different classification and treatment. In the early stages of the bankruptcy process it is often difficult to estimate the extent of, or even to identify, any contingent claims that might be made. In addition, certain claims that have priority by law (for example, claims for taxes) may be substantial.

Zero Coupon, Deferred Interest, Pay-in-Kind and Capital Appreciation Bonds

The Fund may invest in zero coupon, deferred interest, pay-in-kind (“PIK”) and capital appreciation bonds. Zero coupon, deferred interest and capital appreciation bonds are debt securities issued or sold at a discount from their face value and which do not entitle the holder to any periodic payment of interest prior to maturity or a specified date. The original issue discount varies depending on the time remaining until maturity or cash payment date, prevailing interest rates, the liquidity of the security and the perceived credit quality of the issuer. These securities also may take the form of debt securities that have been stripped of their unmatured interest coupons, the coupons themselves or receipts or certificates representing interests in such stripped debt obligations or coupons.

PIK securities may be debt obligations or preferred shares that provide the issuer with the option of paying interest or dividends on such obligations in cash or in the form of additional securities rather than cash. Similar to zero coupon bonds and deferred interest bonds, PIK securities are designed to give an issuer flexibility in managing cash flow. PIK securities that are debt securities can be either senior or subordinated debt and generally trade flat (i.e., without accrued interest). The trading price of PIK debt securities generally reflects the market value of the underlying debt plus an amount representing accrued interest since the last interest payment.

The market prices of zero coupon, deferred interest, capital appreciation bonds and PIK securities generally are more volatile than the market prices of interest bearing securities and are likely to respond to a greater degree to changes in interest rates than interest bearing securities having similar maturities and credit quality. Moreover, zero coupon, deferred interest, capital appreciation and PIK securities involve the additional risk that, unlike securities that periodically pay interest to maturity, the Fund will realize no cash until a specified future payment date unless a portion of such securities is sold and, if the issuer of such securities defaults, the Fund may obtain no return at all on its investment. The valuation of such investments requires judgment regarding the collection of future payments. In addition, even though such securities do not provide for the payment of current interest in cash, the Fund is nonetheless required to accrue income on such investments for each taxable year and generally is required to distribute such accrued amounts (net of deductible expenses, if any) to avoid being subject to tax. Because no cash is generally received at the time of the accrual, the Fund may be required to liquidate other portfolio securities to obtain sufficient cash to satisfy federal tax distribution requirements applicable to the Fund.

 

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Private Investment Funds

The Fund may invest in Private Investment Funds. Interests in the Private Investment Funds included in the Fund’s portfolio may be purchased or sold on the secondary market and may also be purchased directly from the issuer of the security. Private Investment Funds have less pressure to make quarterly distributions, can be more opportunistic and can have a longer investment term.

The Fund’s typical investments in Private Investment Funds will be made through the purchase of common stock or limited partnership or limited liability company membership interests in such funds. Investment criteria will include evaluating the strength of the sponsor and management; prior investment performance of the target fund as well as the performance of other funds managed by the sponsor; expected stability of income; expected capital preservation; and target leverage levels. The Fund’s performance depends in part upon the performance of the Private Investment Fund managers and selected strategies, the adherence by such Private Investment Fund managers to such selected strategies, the instruments used by such Private Investment Fund managers and the Investment Adviser’s ability to select Private Investment Fund managers and strategies and effectively allocate Fund assets among them. Fund shareholders will bear two layers of fees and expenses: asset-based fees and expenses at the Fund level, and asset-based fees, incentive allocations or fees and expenses at the Private Investment Fund level.

Private Investment Funds may invest in securities of non-U.S. issuers, including those in emerging markets, and the Fund’s assets may be invested in Private Investment Funds that may be denominated in non-U.S. currencies, thereby exposing the Fund to various risks that may not be applicable to U.S. securities. A Private Investment Fund may focus on a particular country or geographic region, which may subject Private Investment Funds, and thus the Fund, to greater risk and volatility than if investments had been made in issuers in a broader range of geographic regions. A Private Investment Fund may use derivatives for speculative or hedging purposes and non-hedging purposes (that is, to seek to increase total return). Private Investment Funds may incur leverage for investment or other purposes, which may increase the volatility of the Private Investment Funds. A Private Investment Fund may sell short securities held by a Private Investment Fund, which presents the risk of unlimited loss because of increases in the market price of the security sold short, and the risk that a Private Investment Fund’s short selling activities may be adversely affected by regulatory restrictions that may be imposed at any time. A Private Investment Fund may change its investment strategies at any time (subject to any required notification and/or consent provisions set forth in the Private Investment Fund’s governing documents). Private Investment Funds may invest without limitation in restricted and illiquid investments. Private Investment Fund may invest in securities without limitation as to market capitalization. Private Investment Funds may invest in securities issued by smaller capitalization companies, including micro-cap companies, the prices of which may be subject to erratic market movements.

Equity Securities

The Fund may invest in equity securities, including common or ordinary stocks, American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”), preferred stock, convertible securities, investment companies (including mutual funds, closed-end funds, and ETFs), and rights and warrants.

Preferred Stock, Warrants and Stock Purchase Rights

The Fund may invest in preferred stock, warrants and stock purchase rights (or “rights”). Preferred stocks are securities that represent an ownership interest providing the holder with claims on the issuer’s earnings and assets before common stock owners but after bond owners. Unlike debt securities, the obligations of an issuer of preferred stock, including dividend and other payment obligations, may not typically be accelerated by the holders of such preferred stock on the occurrence of an event of default or other non-compliance by the issuer of the preferred stock.

Warrants and other rights are options to buy a stated number of shares of common stock at a specified price at any time during the life of the warrant or right. The holders of warrants and rights have no voting rights, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer.

 

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Foreign Securities

The Fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers, including securities quoted or denominated in a currency other than U.S. dollars. Investments in foreign securities may offer potential benefits not available from investments solely in U.S. dollar-denominated or quoted securities of domestic issuers. Such benefits may include the opportunity to invest in foreign issuers that appear, in the opinion of the Investment Adviser, to offer the potential for better long term growth of capital and income than investments in U.S. securities, the opportunity to invest in foreign countries with economic policies or business cycles different from those of the United States and the opportunity to reduce fluctuations in portfolio value by taking advantage of foreign securities markets that do not necessarily move in a manner parallel to U.S. markets. Investing in the securities of foreign issuers also involves, however, certain special risks, which are not typically associated with investing in U.S. dollar-denominated securities or quoted securities of U.S. issuers. Many of these risks are more pronounced for investments in emerging economies. See “Principal Risks of the Fund—Foreign Risks.”

With respect to investments in certain foreign countries, there exist certain economic, political and social risks, including the risk of adverse political developments, nationalization, military unrest, social instability, war and terrorism, confiscation without fair compensation, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, limitations on the movement of funds and other assets between different countries, or diplomatic developments, any of which could adversely affect the Fund’s investments in those countries. Governments in certain foreign countries continue to participate to a significant degree, through ownership interest or regulation, in their respective economies. Action by these governments could have a significant effect on market prices of securities and dividend payments.

Many countries throughout the world are dependent on a healthy U.S. economy and are adversely affected when the U.S. economy weakens or its markets decline. Additionally, many foreign country economies are heavily dependent on international trade and are adversely affected by protective trade barriers and economic conditions of their trading partners. Protectionist trade legislation enacted by those trading partners could have a significant adverse effect on the securities markets of those countries. Individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position.

Investments in foreign securities often involve currencies of foreign countries. Accordingly, the Fund may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency rates and in exchange control regulations and may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. The Fund may be subject to currency exposure independent of its securities positions. To the extent that the Fund is invested in foreign securities while also maintaining net currency positions, it may be exposed to greater combined risk. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time. They generally are determined by the forces of supply and demand in the foreign exchange markets and the relative merits of investments in different countries, actual or anticipated changes in interest rates and other complex factors, as seen from an international perspective. Currency exchange rates also can be affected unpredictably by intervention (or the failure to intervene) by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad.

Because foreign issuers generally are not subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies, there may be less publicly available information about a foreign company than about a U.S. company. Volume and liquidity in most foreign securities markets are less than in the United States and securities of many foreign companies are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies. The securities of foreign issuers may be listed on foreign securities exchanges or traded in foreign OTC markets. Fixed commissions on foreign securities exchanges are generally higher than negotiated commissions on U.S. exchanges, although the Fund endeavors to achieve the most favorable net results on its portfolio transactions. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of foreign securities exchanges, brokers, dealers and listed and unlisted companies than in the United States, and the legal remedies for investors may be more limited than the remedies available in the United States. For example, there may be no comparable provisions under certain foreign laws to insider trading and similar investor protections that apply with respect to securities transactions consummated in the United States.

 

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Foreign markets also have different clearance and settlement procedures, and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Such delays in settlement could result in temporary periods when some of the Fund’s assets are uninvested and no return is earned on such assets. The inability of the Fund to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems could cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities. Inability to dispose of portfolio securities due to settlement problems could result either in losses to the Fund due to subsequent declines in value of the portfolio securities or, if the Fund has entered into a contract to sell the securities, in possible liability to the purchaser.

The Fund may invest in foreign securities which take the form of sponsored and unsponsored ADRs, GDRs, EDRs or other similar instruments representing securities of foreign issuers (together, “Depositary Receipts”). ADRs represent the right to receive securities of foreign issuers deposited in a domestic bank or a correspondent bank. ADRs are traded on domestic exchanges or in the U.S. OTC market and, generally, are in registered form. EDRs and GDRs are receipts evidencing an arrangement with a non-U.S. bank similar to that for ADRs and are designed for use in the non-U.S. securities markets. EDRs and GDRs are not necessarily quoted in the same currency as the underlying security. To the extent the Fund acquires Depositary Receipts through banks which do not have a contractual relationship with the foreign issuer of the security underlying the Depositary Receipts to issue and service such unsponsored Depositary Receipts, there is an increased possibility that the Fund will not become aware of and be able to respond to corporate actions such as stock splits or rights offerings involving the foreign issuer in a timely manner. In addition, the lack of information may result in inefficiencies in the valuation of such instruments. Investment in Depositary Receipts does not eliminate all the risks inherent in investing in securities of non-U.S. issuers. The market value of Depositary Receipts is dependent upon the market value of the underlying securities and fluctuations in the relative value of the currencies in which the Depositary Receipts and the underlying securities are quoted. However, by investing in Depositary Receipts, such as ADRs, which are quoted in U.S. dollars, the Fund may avoid currency risks during the settlement period for purchases and sales.

The Fund may invest in countries with emerging economies or securities markets. Political and economic structures in many of such countries may be undergoing significant evolution and rapid development, and such countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. Certain of such countries have in the past failed to recognize private property rights and have at times nationalized or expropriated the assets of, or ignored internationally accepted standards of due process against, private companies. In addition, a country may take these and other retaliatory actions against a specific private company, including the Fund or the Investment Adviser. There may not be legal recourse against these actions, which could arise in connection with the commercial activities of Goldman Sachs or its affiliates or otherwise, and the Fund could be subject to substantial losses. In addition, the Fund or the Investment Adviser may determine not to invest in, or may limit its overall investment in, a particular issuer, country or geographic region due to, among other things, heightened risks regarding repatriation restrictions, confiscation of assets and property, expropriation or nationalization. See “Principal Risks of the Fund—Emerging Markets” below.

Other Investment Companies

The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies, including mutual funds, closed-end funds, ETFs, and BDCs, subject to statutory limitations prescribed by the 1940 Act, or exemptive relief thereunder. These statutory limitations include in certain circumstances a prohibition on the Fund acquiring more than 3% of the voting shares of any other investment company, and a prohibition on investing more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets in securities of any one investment company or more than 10% of its total assets in securities of all investment companies. Many ETFs, however, have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit unaffiliated funds to invest in the ETFs’ shares beyond these statutory limitations, subject to certain conditions and pursuant to a contractual arrangement between the ETFs and the investing funds. The Fund may rely on these exemptive orders to invest in unaffiliated ETFs.

A BDC is a type of closed-end investment company that typically invests in small and medium-sized companies. A BDC’s portfolio is subject to the risks inherent in investing in smaller companies, including that portfolio companies may be dependent on a small number of products or services and may be more adversely affected by poor economic or market conditions. Some BDCs invest substantially, or even exclusively, in one sector or industry group and therefore the BDC may be susceptible to adverse conditions and economic or regulatory occurrences affecting the sector or industry group, which tends to increase volatility and result in higher risk. The Small Business Credit Availability Act, which was signed into law in March 2018, permits BDCs to adopt a lower asset coverage ratio, thereby enhancing their ability to use leverage. Investments in BDCs that use greater leverage may be subject to heightened risks.

 

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The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees and other expenses paid by such other investment companies, in addition to the fees and expenses regularly borne by the Fund. Fees and expenses of BDCs are generally higher than those of other regulated investment companies.

Convertible Securities

The Fund may invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities are preferred stock or debt obligations that are convertible into common stock or other securities. Convertible securities generally offer lower interest or dividend yields than non-convertible securities of similar quality. Convertible securities in which the Fund invests are subject to the same rating criteria as its other investments in fixed income securities. Convertible securities have both equity and fixed income risk characteristics. Like all fixed income securities, the value of convertible securities is susceptible to the risk of market losses attributable to changes in interest rates. Generally, the market value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, to increase as interest rates decline. However, when the market price of the common stock or other security underlying a convertible security exceeds the conversion price of the convertible security, the convertible security tends to reflect the market price of the underlying common stock or other security. As the market price of the underlying common stock or other security declines, the convertible security, like a fixed income security, tends to trade increasingly on a yield basis, and thus may not decline in price to the same extent as the underlying common stock or other security.

Structured Securities

The Fund may invest in structured securities. Structured securities are securities whose value is determined by reference to changes in the value of specific currencies, securities, interest rates, commodities, indices or other financial indicators (the “Reference”) or the relative change in two or more References. Investments in structured securities may provide exposure to certain securities or markets in situations where regulatory or other restrictions prevent direct investments in such issuers or markets.

The interest rate or the principal amount payable upon maturity or redemption may be increased or decreased depending upon changes in the applicable Reference. Structured securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the Reference may produce an increase or decrease in the interest rate or value of the security at maturity. In addition, changes in the interest rates or the value of the security at maturity may be a multiple of changes in the value of the Reference, effectively leveraging the Fund’s investments so that small changes in the value of the Reference may result in disproportionate gains or losses to the Fund. Consequently, structured securities may present a greater degree of market risk than many types of securities and may be more volatile, less liquid and more difficult to price accurately than less complex securities. Structured securities are also subject to the risk that the issuer of the structured securities may fail to perform its contractual obligations. Certain issuers of structured products may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Fund’s investments in structured securities may be subject to the limits applicable to investments in other investment companies.

Structured securities include, but are not limited to, equity linked notes. An equity linked note is a note whose performance is tied to a single stock, a stock index or a basket of stocks. Equity linked notes combine the principal protection normally associated with fixed income investments with the potential for capital appreciation normally associated with equity investments. Upon the maturity of the note, the holder generally receives a return of principal based on the capital appreciation of the linked securities. Depending on the terms of the note, equity linked notes may also have a “cap” or “floor” on the maximum principal amount to be repaid to holders, irrespective of the performance of the underlying linked securities. For example, a note may guarantee the repayment of the original principal amount invested (even if the underlying linked securities have negative performance during the note’s term), but may cap the maximum payment at maturity at a certain percentage of the issuance price or the return of the underlying linked securities. Alternatively, the note may not guarantee a full return on the original principal, but may offer a greater participation in any capital appreciation of the underlying linked securities. The terms of an equity linked note may also provide for periodic interest payments to holders at either a fixed or floating rate. The secondary market for equity linked notes may be limited, and the lack of liquidity in the secondary market may make these securities difficult to dispose of and to value. Equity linked notes will be considered equity securities for purposes of the Fund’s investment objective and policies.

 

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Pre-IPO Investments

The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in shares of companies that it believes are likely to issue securities in IPOs. Although there is a potential the pre-IPO securities that the Fund buys may increase in value if the company does issue securities in an IPO, IPOs are risky and volatile and may cause the value of the Fund’s investments to decrease significantly. Also, because securities of pre-IPO companies are generally not freely or publicly tradeable, the Fund may not have access to purchase securities in these companies in the amounts or at the prices the Fund desires. Securities issued by these privately-held companies have no trading history, and information about such companies may be available for very limited periods. The companies that the Fund anticipates holding successful IPOs may not ever issues shares in an IPO and a liquid market for their securities may never develop, which may negatively affect the price at which the Fund can sell any such securities and make it more difficult to sell such securities, which could also adversely affect the Fund’s liquidity.

Initial Public Offerings

The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in shares of IPOs, if consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies. IPOs may have a magnified impact on the performance of a fund with a small asset base. The impact of IPOs on a fund’s performance likely will decrease as such fund’s asset size increases, which could reduce such fund’s returns. IPOs may not be consistently available to the Fund for investing. IPO shares frequently are volatile in price due to the absence of a prior public market, the small number of shares available for trading and limited information about the issuer. Therefore, the Fund may hold IPO shares for a very short period of time. This may increase turnover and may lead to increased expenses, such as commissions and transaction costs all of which will be borne indirectly by the common shareholder. In addition, IPO shares can experience an immediate drop in value if the demand for the securities does not continue to support the offering price.

When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments

The Fund may purchase when-issued securities and make contracts to purchase or sell securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond customary settlement time. When-issued securities are securities that have been authorized, but not yet issued. When-issued securities are purchased in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price or yield to the Fund at the time of entering into the transaction. A forward commitment involves entering into a contract to purchase or sell securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond the customary settlement period.

The purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis involves a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines before the settlement date. Conversely, the sale of securities on a forward commitment basis involves the risk that the value of the securities sold may increase before the settlement date.

Although the Fund will generally purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis with the intention of acquiring the securities for its portfolio, the Fund may dispose of when-issued securities or forward commitments prior to settlement if the Investment Adviser deems it appropriate. When purchasing a security on a when-issued basis or entering into a forward commitment, the Fund must identify on its books liquid assets, or engage in other appropriate measures to “cover” its obligations.

Repurchase Agreements

Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of securities subject to the seller’s agreement to repurchase them at a mutually agreed upon date and price. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with eligible counterparties which furnish collateral at least equal in value or market price to the amount of their repurchase obligation. The collateral may consist of any type of security in which the Fund is eligible to invest directly. Repurchase agreements involving obligations other than U.S. Government Securities may be subject to special risks and may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterparty’s insolvency.

If the other party or “seller” defaults, the Fund might suffer a loss to the extent that the proceeds from the sale of the underlying securities and other collateral held by the Fund are less than the repurchase price and the Fund’s costs associated with delay and enforcement of the repurchase agreement. In addition, in the event of bankruptcy of the seller, the Fund could suffer additional losses if a court determines that the Fund’s interest in the collateral is not enforceable.

 

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The Fund, together with other registered investment companies having advisory agreements with the Investment Adviser or any of its affiliates, may transfer uninvested cash balances into a single joint account, the daily aggregate balance of which will be invested in one or more repurchase agreements.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by the Fund with an agreement by the Fund to repurchase the securities at a mutually agreed upon date and price (including interest). Reverse repurchase agreements may be entered into when the Investment Adviser expects that the return to be earned from the investment of the transaction proceeds will be greater than the related interest expense. Reverse repurchase agreements involve leveraging. If the securities held by the Fund decline in value while these transactions are outstanding, the NAV of the Fund’s outstanding shares will decline in value proportionately more than the decline in value of the securities. In addition, reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the investment return earned by the Fund (from the investment of the proceeds) will be less than the interest expense of the transaction, that the market value of the securities sold by the Fund will decline below the price the Fund is obligated to pay to repurchase the securities, and that the securities may not be returned to the Fund.

The Fund may “set aside” liquid assets, or engage in other appropriate measures to “cover” its obligations with respect to its transactions in reverse repurchase agreements. As a result of such segregation, the Fund’s obligations under such transactions will not be considered senior securities representing indebtedness for purposes of the 1940 Act and the Fund’s use of leverage through reverse repurchase agreements will not be limited by the 1940 Act. The Fund’s use of leverage through reverse repurchase agreements may be limited by the availability of cash or liquid securities to earmark or segregate in connection with such transactions.

If the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, such buyer or its trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase the securities, and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such decision. Also, the Fund would bear the risk of loss to the extent that the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement are less than the value of the securities subject to such agreement.

With respect to any reverse repurchase agreement or similar transaction, the Fund’s Managed Assets shall include any proceeds from the sale of an asset of the Fund to a counterparty in such a transaction, in addition to the value of the underlying asset as of the relevant measuring date.

Derivatives

Generally, derivatives are financial contracts whose value depends upon, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index, and may relate to individual debt or equity instruments, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates and related indexes. The Fund may invest in derivative instruments including without limitation, options, futures, options on futures, forwards, swaps, options on swaps, structured securities and other derivatives for hedging purposes and non-hedging purposes (that is, to seek to increase total return), although suitable derivative instruments may not always be available to the Investment Adviser for these purposes. See “Principal Risks of the Fund—Investments in Derivatives.”

ETNs

ETNs are a type of senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt security issued by financial institutions that combines both aspects of bonds and ETFs. An ETN’s returns are based on the performance of a market index minus fees and expenses. Similar to ETFs, ETNs are listed on an exchange and traded in the secondary market. However, unlike an ETF, an ETN can be held until the ETN’s maturity, at which time the issuer is obligated to pay a return linked to the performance of the market index to which the ETN is linked minus certain fees. Unlike regular bonds, ETNs do not make periodic interest payments and principal is not protected. ETNs are subject to credit risk and the value of an ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer’s credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN may also be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in applicable interest rates, changes in the issuer’s credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced

 

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underlying asset. When the Fund invests in ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. The Fund’s decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN.

Unseasoned Companies

The Fund may invest in companies which (together with their predecessors) have operated less than three years. The securities of such companies may have limited liquidity, which can result in their being priced higher or lower than might otherwise be the case. In addition, investments in unseasoned companies are more speculative and entail greater risk than investments in companies with an established operating record.

U.S. Government Securities

The Fund may invest in U.S. Government Securities. U.S. Government Securities include U.S. Treasury obligations and obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises. U.S. Government Securities may be supported by (i) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; (ii) the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; (iii) the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase certain obligations of the issuer; or (iv) only the credit of the issuer. U.S. Government Securities also include Treasury receipts, zero coupon bonds and other stripped U.S. Government Securities, where the interest and principal components are traded independently. U.S. Government Securities may also include Treasury inflation-protected securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation.

U.S. Government Securities are deemed to include (i) securities for which the payment of principal and interest is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit issued by the U.S. government, its agencies, authorities or instrumentalities; and (ii) participations in loans made to foreign governments or their agencies that are so guaranteed. Certain of these participations may be regarded as illiquid.

U.S. Treasury obligations have historically involved little risk of loss of principal if held to maturity. However, no assurance can be given that the U.S. government will be able or willing to repay the principal or interest when due, or provide financial support to U.S. government agencies, authorities, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises that issue U.S. Government Securities if it is not obligated to do so by law.

Custodial Receipts and Trust Certificates

The Fund may invest in custodial receipts and trust certificates representing interests in securities held by a custodian or trustee. The securities so held may include U.S. Government Securities or other types of securities in which the Fund may invest. The custodial receipts or trust certificates may evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on the underlying securities, or, in some cases, the payment obligation of a third party that has entered into an interest rate swap or other arrangement with the custodian or trustee. For certain securities laws purposes, custodial receipts and trust certificates may not be considered obligations of the U.S. government or other issuer of the securities held by the custodian or trustee. If for tax purposes the Fund is not considered to be the owner of the underlying securities held in the custodial or trust account, the Fund may suffer adverse tax consequences. As a holder of custodial receipts and trust certificates, the Fund will bear its proportionate share of the fees and expenses charged to the custodial account or trust. The Fund may also invest in separately issued interests in custodial receipts and trust certificates.

Lending of Portfolio Securities

The Fund may engage in securities lending. Securities lending involves the lending of securities owned by the Fund to financial institutions such as certain broker-dealers including, as permitted by the SEC, GS&Co. The borrowers are required to secure their loan continuously with cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or letters of credit in an amount at least equal to the market value of the securities loaned. Cash collateral may be invested by the Fund in short-term investments, including registered and unregistered investment pools managed by the Investment Adviser, its affiliates or the Fund’s custodian and from which the Investment Adviser or its affiliates may

 

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receive fees. To the extent that cash collateral is so invested, such collateral will be subject to market depreciation or appreciation, and the Fund will be responsible for any loss that might result from its investment of the borrowers’ collateral. If the Investment Adviser determines to make securities loans, the value of the securities loaned may not exceed 33 and 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets minus liabilities and indebtedness not represented by “senior securities” within the meaning of the 1940 Act, as determined immediately after borrowing. Loan collateral (including any investment of the collateral) is not subject to the percentage limitations described elsewhere in the Prospectus regarding investments in fixed income securities and cash equivalents.

The Fund may lend its securities to increase its income. The Fund may, however, experience delay in the recovery of its securities or incur a loss if the institution with which it has engaged in a portfolio loan transaction breaches its agreement with the Fund or its agent or becomes insolvent.

Asset Segregation

As an investment company registered with the SEC, the Fund must identify on its books (often referred to as “asset segregation”) liquid assets, or engage in other SEC or SEC staff approved or other appropriate measures, to “cover” open positions with respect to certain kinds of derivative instruments. In the case of swaps, futures contracts, options, forward contracts and other derivative instruments that do not cash settle, for example, the Fund must identify on its books liquid assets equal to the full notional amount of the instrument while the positions are open, to the extent there is not a permissible offsetting position or a contractual “netting” agreement with respect to swaps (other than credit default swaps where the Fund is the protection seller). However, with respect to certain swaps, futures contracts, options, forward contracts and other derivative instruments that are required to cash settle, the Fund may identify liquid assets in an amount equal to the Fund’s daily marked-to-market net obligations (i.e., the Fund’s daily net liability) under the instrument, if any, rather than its full notional amount. Forwards and futures contracts that do not cash settle may be treated as cash settled for asset segregation purposes when the Fund has entered into a contractual arrangement with a third-party futures commission merchant or other counterparty to off-set the Fund’s exposure under the contact and, failing that, to assign its delivery obligation under the contract to the counterparty. The Fund reserves the right to modify its asset segregation policies in the future in its discretion, consistent with the 1940 Act and SEC or SEC staff guidance. By identifying assets equal to only its net obligations under certain instruments, the Fund will have the ability to employ leverage to a greater extent than if the Fund were required to identify assets equal to the full notional amount of the instrument.

PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUND

The following summarizes the principal risks that apply to the Fund and may result in a loss of a shareholder’s entire investment. The Fund should not be relied upon as a complete investment program. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. In addition, as the Fund’s investment program develops and changes over time, an investment in the Fund may be subject to additional and different risks or uncertainties.

The Fund’s investment program is speculative and entails substantial risks. The following list of risk factors does not purport to be a complete enumeration or explanation of the risks involved in an investment in the Fund and additional risks or uncertainties may adversely affect the Fund or the value of an investment in the Fund. Prospective investors should read this prospectus and the subscription agreement carefully and consult with their own advisors before deciding whether to invest in the Fund.

General

The risks of an investment in the Fund arise from, among other things, the risks associated with the Fund’s investments and the risks attendant to the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. An investment in the Fund involves material risks, and each prospective investor should carefully consider these risks in determining whether an investment in the Fund is suitable for such prospective investor.

Partial or Total Loss of the Fund’s Capital. The Fund is intended for long-term investors who can accept the risks associated with investing in illiquid investments. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment or performance objectives, including the selection of suitable investment opportunities and the achievement of targeted rates of return. The possibility of partial or total loss of capital of the Fund exists, and prospective investors should not subscribe unless they can readily bear the consequences of a complete loss of their investment.

 

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Investment Risk. The value of the instruments in which the Fund invests may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual companies, particular sectors or governments and/or general economic conditions throughout the world due to increasingly interconnected global economies and financial markets. Price changes may be temporary or last for extended periods. The Fund’s investments may be overweighted from time to time in one or more sub-industries or countries, which will increase the Fund’s exposure to risk of loss from adverse developments affecting those sub-industries or countries. The Fund intends to use leverage, which will magnify the Fund’s investment, market and certain other risks.

Limitations on the Redemption. An investment in the Fund is not suitable for investors who need certainty about their ability to access all of the money they invest in the short term. Even though the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers for its outstanding Shares (expected to be 5% per quarter), investors should consider Shares of the Fund to be an illiquid investment. In addition, there will be no active secondary market for Shares. There is no guarantee that investors will be able to sell their Shares at any given time or in the quantity that they desire.

Repurchase Offers Risk. As described under “Periodic Repurchase Offers,” the Fund operates as an “interval fund,” and, in order to provide some liquidity to shareholders, will make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. The Fund currently expects that such quarterly repurchase offers will be for 5% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares at NAV. The repurchase of Shares by the Fund would decrease the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities, and may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities. If the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may compound the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will negatively affect shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses and reducing any net investment income. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed and the Fund determines not to repurchase additional Shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if shareholders tender an amount of Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to purchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis, and shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. Shareholders will be subject to the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Thus, there is also a risk that some shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur. The NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request and the deadline for such repurchase request (“Repurchase Request Deadline”), and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the date in which Shares are priced for the repurchase request (“Repurchase Pricing Deadline”). The NAV on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request. The repurchase of Shares by the Fund will generally be a taxable event to Shareholders and may be a taxable event to those Shareholders that do not participate in the repurchase. See “Taxation” for a general summary of U.S. federal income tax considerations for U.S. Shareholders.

Private Investment Funds Risk. The Fund’s performance depends in part upon the performance of the Private Investment Fund managers and selected strategies, the adherence by such Private Investment Fund managers to such selected strategies, the instruments used by such Private Investment Fund managers and the Investment Adviser’s ability to select Private Investment Fund managers and strategies and effectively allocate Fund assets among them. Fund shareholders will bear two layers of fees and expenses: asset-based fees and expenses at the Fund level, and asset-based fees, incentive allocations or fees and expenses at the Private Investment Fund level.

Private Investment Funds are subject to risks associated with legal and regulatory changes applicable to financial institutions generally or to Private Investment Funds in particular. The Fund may not be able to invest in certain Private Investment Funds that are oversubscribed or closed, or the Fund may be able to allocate only a limited amount of assets to a Private Investment Fund that has been identified as an attractive opportunity. The Fund’s

 

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investments in certain Private Investment Funds may be subject to lock-up periods, during which the Fund may not withdraw its investment. The Fund may invest indirectly a substantial portion of its assets in Private Investment Funds that follow a particular type of investment strategy, which may expose the Fund to the risks of that strategy. Many of the Fund’s assets will be priced in the absence of a readily available market and may be priced based on determinations of fair value, which may prove to be inaccurate. The Fund, upon its redemption of all or a portion of its interest in a Private Investment Fund, may receive an in-kind distribution of securities that are illiquid or difficult to value and difficult to dispose of.

Private Investment Fund returns may exhibit greater correlations among each other or with fixed-income or equity indices than anticipated by the Investment Adviser, particularly during times of general market turmoil. Private Investment Funds may invest in securities of non-U.S. issuers, including those in emerging markets, and the Fund’s assets may be invested in Private Investment Funds that may be denominated in non-U.S. currencies, thereby exposing the Fund to various risks that may not be applicable to U.S. securities. A Private Investment Fund may focus primarily on a particular industry, which would subject the Private Investment Funds, and thus the Fund, to greater risk and volatility than if investments had been made in issuers in a broader range of industries. A Private Investment Fund may focus on a particular country or geographic region, which may subject Private Investment Funds, and thus the Fund, to greater risk and volatility than if investments had been made in issuers in a broader range of geographic regions. A Private Investment Fund may use derivatives for speculative or hedging purposes and non-hedging purposes (that is, to seek to increase total return). Private Investment Funds may incur leverage for investment or other purposes, which may increase the volatility of the Private Investment Funds. A Private Investment Fund may sell short securities held by a Private Investment Fund, which presents the risk of unlimited loss because of increases in the market price of the security sold short, and the risk that a Private Investment Fund’s short selling activities may be adversely affected by regulatory restrictions that may be imposed at any time. A Private Investment Fund may change its investment strategies at any time (subject to any required notification and/or consent provisions set forth in the Private Investment Fund’s governing documents). Private Investment Funds may invest without limitation in restricted and illiquid investments. Private Investment Fund may invest in equity securities without limitation as to market capitalization. Private Investment Funds may invest in equity securities issued by smaller capitalization companies, including micro-cap companies, the prices of which may be subject to erratic market movements.

Private Investment Funds are not publicly traded and therefore are not liquid investments. Please see “Restricted and Illiquid Investments Risk” for a description of risks associated with illiquid investments. As a result, the Fund may consider information provided by the asset manager to determine the value of the Fund’s investment in the Private Investment Fund. The valuation provided by an asset manager as of a specific date may vary from the actual sale price that may be obtained if such investment were sold to a third party. The Investment Adviser will use reasonable due diligence to value securities and may also consider information provided by the Private Investment Funds, including quarterly unaudited financial statements, which if inaccurate could adversely affect the Investment Adviser’s ability to value accurately the Fund’s shares. Private Investment Funds that invest primarily in publicly traded securities are more easily valued.

In addition to valuation risk, investors in Private Investment Funds (including the Fund) are not entitled to the protections of the 1940 Act. For example, Private Investment Funds need not have independent boards, may not require shareholder approval of advisory contracts, may leverage to an unlimited extent, and may engage in joint transactions with affiliates. As a result, Private Investment Funds may make significant use of leverage, which has the potential to magnify losses versus funds that do not employ leverage. See “Borrowing” and “Leverage” for a description of risks associated with the use of leverage. Additionally, Private Investment Fund managers may have limited operating histories upon which to evaluate their performance, and some Private Investment Fund managers may not be registered under the Investment Advisers Act, under state law, or other applicable law. Further, Private Investment Fund may charge investors (such as the Fund) asset-based fees and incentive allocations or fees of as much as 20% of a Private Investment Fund’s net profits (or more in certain limited circumstances), which may create incentives for Private Investment Fund to make investments that are riskier or more speculative than in the absence of these fees. These characteristics present additional risks, including the possibility of total risk of loss, for shareholders.

The Fund may invest in Private Investment Funds that are organized as unregistered REITs, commonly known as private REITs. Please see “Private REIT Risk” below for a description of risks associated with private REITs.

 

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Private REIT Risk. In addition to the risks described in “Private Fund Risk” and “REIT Risk,” Private REITs are typically smaller and financially less stable than publicly-traded REITs. Private REITs are unlisted, making them hard to value and trade. Moreover, private REITs generally are exempt from Securities Act registration and, as such, are not subject to the same disclosure requirements as publicly-traded REITs, which makes private REITs more difficult to evaluate from an investment perspective.

Public Investment Funds Risk. By investing in Public Investment Funds indirectly through the Fund, investors will incur a proportionate share of the expenses of such Public Investment Funds held by the Fund (including operating costs and investment management fees) in addition to the fees and expenses regularly borne by the Fund. In addition, the Fund will be affected by the investment policies, practices and performance of such Public Investment Funds in direct proportion to the amount of assets the Fund invests therein.

BDCs generally have significantly higher operating expenses than other Public Investment Funds due in part to their management fee structure and increased use of leverage. Similar to Private Investment Funds, BDCs typically pay a base management fee as well as a performance fee based on investment income and capital gains. A performance fee may create incentives for the BDC’s adviser to make investments that are riskier or more speculative than in the absence of such fee.

Management Risk. A strategy used by the Investment Adviser may fail to produce the intended results.

Underlying Funds Invest Independently. The Underlying Funds in which the Fund plans to invest generally invest wholly independently of one another and may at times hold economically offsetting positions. To the extent that these Underlying Funds do, in fact, hold such positions, the Underlying Funds in which the Fund invests, considered as a whole, may not achieve any gain or loss despite incurring fees and expenses in connection with such positions. In addition, the portfolio managers of certain Underlying Funds may be compensated based on the performance of their investments. Accordingly, there may often be times when certain portfolio managers may receive incentive compensation in respect of their investments for a period even though the Underlying Funds overall depreciated during such period.

Floating and Variable Rate Obligations Risks. Floating and variable rate obligations are debt instruments issued by companies or other entities with interest rates that reset periodically (typically, daily, monthly, quarterly, or semi-annually) in response to changes in the market rate of interest on which the interest rate is based. For floating and variable rate obligations, there may be a lag between an actual change in the underlying interest rate benchmark and the reset time for an interest payment of such an obligation, which could harm or benefit the Fund, depending on the interest rate environment or other circumstances. In a rising interest rate environment, for example, a floating or variable rate obligation that does not reset immediately would prevent the Fund from taking full advantage of rising interest rates in a timely manner. However, in a declining interest rate environment, the Fund may benefit from a lag due to an obligation’s interest rate payment not being immediately impacted by a decline in interest rates.

Certain floating and variable rate obligations have an interest rate floor feature, which prevents the interest rate payable by the security from dropping below a specified level as compared to a reference interest rate (the “reference rate”), such as LIBOR. Such a floor protects the Fund from losses resulting from a decrease in the reference rate below the specified level. However, if the reference rate is below the floor, there will be a lag between a rise in the reference rate and a rise in the interest rate payable by the obligation, and the Fund may not benefit from increasing interest rates for a significant amount of time.

Risks Associated with Changes in LIBOR. In 2017, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) warned that LIBOR may cease to be available or appropriate for use by 2021. The unavailability or replacement of LIBOR may affect the value, liquidity or return on certain Fund investments and may result in costs incurred in connection with closing out positions and entering into new trades. Any pricing adjustments to the Fund’s investments resulting from a substitute reference rate may adversely affect the Fund’s performance and/or NAV.

Loan-Related Investments Risk. In addition to risks generally associated with debt investments (e.g., interest rate risk and default risk), loan-related investments such as loan participations and assignments are subject to other risks. Although a loan obligation may be fully collateralized at the time of acquisition, the collateral may decline in value, be or become illiquid or less liquid, or lose all or substantially all of its value subsequent to investment. Many

 

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loan investments are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale and certain loan investments may be or become illiquid or less liquid and more difficult to value, particularly in the event of a downgrade of the loan or the borrower. There is less readily available, reliable information about most loan investments than is the case for many other types of securities, and the Investment Adviser relies primarily on its own evaluation of a borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent sources. The ability of the Fund to realize full value in the event of the need to sell a loan investment may be impaired by the lack of an active trading market for certain loans or adverse market conditions limiting liquidity. Loan obligations are not traded on an exchange, and purchasers and sellers rely on certain market makers, such as the administrative agent for the particular loan obligation, to trade that loan obligation. The market for loan obligations may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. Because transactions in many loans are subject to extended trade settlement periods, the Fund may not receive the proceeds from the sale of a loan for a period after the sale. To satisfy repurchase offers or take a more defensive position in distressed market conditions, the Fund may seek to obtain expedited trade settlement, which will generally incur additional costs (although expedited trade settlement will not always be available). In addition, substantial increases in interest rates may cause an increase in loan obligation defaults.

Affiliates of the Investment Adviser may participate in the primary and secondary market for loans. Because of limitations imposed by applicable law, the presence of such affiliates in the loan markets may restrict the Fund’s ability to acquire certain loans, affect the timing of such acquisition, or affect the price at which the loan is acquired.

With respect to loan participations, the Fund may not always have direct recourse against a borrower if the borrower fails to pay scheduled principal and/or interest; may be subject to greater delays, expenses and risks than if the Fund had purchased a direct obligation of the borrower; and may be regarded as the creditor of the agent lender (rather than the borrower), subjecting the Fund to the creditworthiness of that lender as well and the ability of the lender to enforce appropriate credit remedies against the borrower. Investors in loans, such as the Fund, may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws, although they may be entitled to certain contractual remedies.

Senior loans hold the most senior position in the capital structure of a business entity, and are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the borrower that is senior to that held by subordinated debt holders and shareholders of the borrower. Nevertheless, senior loans are usually rated below investment grade. Because second lien loans are subordinated or unsecured and thus lower in priority of payment to senior loans, they are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations of the borrower. This risk is generally higher for subordinated unsecured loans or debt, which are not backed by a security interest in any specific collateral. Second lien loans generally have greater price volatility than senior loans and may be less liquid. Generally, loans have the benefit of restrictive covenants that limit the ability of the borrower to further encumber its assets or impose other obligations. To the extent a loan does not have certain covenants (or has less restrictive covenants), an investment in the loan will be particularly sensitive to the risks associated with loan investments.

Collateralized Loan Obligations and Other Collateralized Debt Obligations Risk. A CLO is an asset-backed security whose underlying collateral is a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and foreign floating rate and fixed rate senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. In addition to the normal risks associated with loan- and credit-related securities discussed elsewhere in the Prospectus (e.g., loan-related investments risk, interest rate risk and default risk), investments in CLOs carry additional risks including, but not limited to, the risk that: (i) distributions from the collateral may not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default; (iii) the Fund may invest in tranches of CLOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction and the legal documents could lead to disputes among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; and (v) the CLO’s manager may perform poorly. CLOs may charge management and other administrative fees, which are in addition to those of the Fund.

CLOs issue classes or “tranches” that offer various maturity, risk and yield characteristics. Losses caused by defaults on underlying assets are borne first by the holders of subordinate tranches. Tranches are categorized as senior, mezzanine and subordinated/equity, according to their degree of risk. If there are defaults or the CLO’s collateral otherwise underperforms, scheduled payments to senior tranches take precedence over those of mezzanine tranches,

 

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and scheduled payments to mezzanine tranches take precedence over those of subordinated/equity tranches. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche which bears the bulk of defaults from the collateral and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Because it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CLO trust typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying collateral and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity and mezzanine tranches, more senior tranches of CLOs can experience losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of more subordinate tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as aversion to CLO securities as a class. The Fund’s investments in CLOs principally consist of senior tranches and, to a lesser extent, mezzanine tranches.

Typically, CLOs are privately offered and sold, and thus, are not registered under the securities laws. As a result, investments in CLOs may be illiquid and may have limited independent pricing transparency. However, an active dealer market may exist for CLOs that qualify under the Rule 144A “safe harbor” from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for resales of certain securities to qualified institutional buyers, thereby enhancing the instrument’s liquidity.

CDOs are structured similarly to CLOs, but are backed by pools of assets that are debt securities (rather than being limited only to loans), typically including bonds, other structured finance securities (including other asset-backed securities and other CDOs) and/or synthetic instruments. Like CLOs, the risks of an investment in a CDO depend largely on the type and quality of the collateral securities and the tranche of the CDO in which the Fund invests. CDOs collateralized by pools of asset-backed securities carry the same risks as investments in asset-backed securities directly, including losses with respect to the collateral underlying those asset-backed securities. In addition, certain CDOs may not hold their underlying collateral directly, but rather, use derivatives such as swaps to create “synthetic” exposure to the collateral pool. Such CDOs entail the risks associated with derivative instruments. CBOs are CDOs which are backed exclusively by bonds.

Unsecured Debt, including Mezzanine Debt. The Fund’s unsecured debt investments, including mezzanine debt investments, generally will be subordinated to senior debt in the event of an insolvency. This may result in an above average amount of risk and loss of principal.

Non-Investment Grade Fixed Income Securities Risk. Non-investment grade fixed income securities and unrated securities of comparable credit quality (commonly known as “junk bonds”) are considered speculative and are subject to the increased risk of an issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payment obligations. These securities may be subject to greater price volatility due to such factors as specific corporate or municipal developments, interest rate sensitivity, negative perceptions of the junk bond markets generally and less liquidity. The Fund may purchase the securities or obligations of issuers that are in default.

Preferred Stock, Warrants and Stock Purchase Rights. The Fund may invest in preferred stock, warrants and stock purchase rights (or “rights”). Preferred stocks are securities that represent an ownership interest providing the holder with claims on the issuer’s earnings and assets before common stock owners but after bond owners. Unlike debt securities, the obligations of an issuer of preferred stock, including dividend and other payment obligations, may not typically be accelerated by the holders of such preferred stock on the occurrence of an event of default or other non-compliance by the issuer of the preferred stock. Warrants and other rights are options to buy a stated number of shares of common stock at a specified price at any time during the life of the warrant or right. The holders of warrants and rights have no voting rights, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer.

Stock Risk. Stock prices have historically risen and fallen in periodic cycles. U.S. and foreign stock markets have experienced periods of substantial price volatility in the past and may do so again in the future. Stock prices may fluctuate from time to time in response to the activities of individual companies and in response to general market and economic conditions. Individual companies may report poor results or be negatively affected by industry and/or economic trends and developments, and the stock prices of such companies may suffer a decline in response.

Convertible Securities Risk. The market value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, tends to increase as interest rates decline. In addition, because of the conversion feature, the market value of convertible securities tends to vary with fluctuations in the market value of the underlying common stock or other security. A unique feature of convertible securities is that as the market price of the underlying security declines, convertible securities tend to trade increasingly on a yield basis, and so may not experience market value declines to the same extent as the underlying security. When the market price of the underlying security increases, the prices of the convertible securities tend to rise as a reflection of the value of the underlying security.

 

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Call/Prepayment Risk. An issuer could exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Fund (such as a mortgage-backed security) earlier than expected. This may happen when there is a decline in interest rates, when credit spreads change, or when an issuer’s credit quality improves. Under these circumstances, the Fund may be unable to recoup all of its initial investment and will also suffer from having to reinvest in lower yielding securities.

Credit/Default Risk. An issuer or guarantor of fixed income securities or instruments held by the Fund (which may have low credit ratings) may default on its obligation to pay interest and repay principal or default on any other obligation. The credit quality of the Fund’s portfolio securities or instruments may meet the Fund’s credit quality requirements at the time of purchase but then deteriorate thereafter, and such a deterioration can occur rapidly. In certain instances, the downgrading or default of a single holding or guarantor of the Fund’s holding may impair the Fund’s liquidity and have the potential to cause significant deterioration in NAV. These risks are more pronounced in connection with the Fund’s investments in non-investment grade fixed income securities.

Extension Risk. An issuer could exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Fund (such as a mortgage-backed security) later than expected. This may happen when there is a rise in interest rates. Under these circumstances, the value of the obligation will decrease, and the Fund will also suffer from the inability to reinvest in higher yielding securities.

Interest Rate Risk. The Fund’s debt investments may be based on floating rates, such as LIBOR, the Euro Interbank Offered Rate, the Federal Funds Rate or the Prime Rate. General interest rate fluctuations may have a substantial negative impact on the Fund’s investments, the value of the Fund’s securities and the Fund’s rate of return on invested capital. To the extent that the Fund borrows money or issues preferred stock to finance investments, the Fund’s net investment income would depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which the Fund borrows funds or pays distributions on preferred stock and the rate that the Fund’s investments yield. As a result, the Fund can offer no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on its net investment income.

A reduction in the interest rates on new investments relative to interest rates on existing investments could also have an adverse impact on net interest income. However, an increase in interest rates could decrease the value of any investments the Fund holds which earn fixed interest rates, including subordinated loans, senior and junior secured and unsecured debt securities and loans and high yield bonds, and also could increase the Fund’s interest expense, thereby decreasing net income.

Further, rising interest rates could also adversely affect the Fund’s performance if the Fund holds investments with floating interest rates, subject to specified minimum interest rates (such as a LIBOR floor), while at the same time engaging in borrowings subject to floating interest rates not subject to such minimums. In such a scenario, rising interest rates may increase the Fund’s interest expense, even though interest income from investments is not increasing in a corresponding manner as a result of such minimum interest rates.

If general interest rates rise, there is a risk that issuers of floating rate securities held by the Fund will be unable to pay escalating interest amounts, which could result in a default under the loan documents. Rising interest rates could also cause issuers to shift cash from other productive uses to the payment of interest, which may have a material adverse effect on their business and operations and could, over time, lead to increased defaults. In addition, rising interest rates may reduce borrowers’ demand for floating rate loans, which could suppress the yield on such loans, thereby negatively affecting the Fund’s potential net investment income in the future.

Original Issue Discount and Payment In Kind Interest Related Risks. The Fund’s investments may include original issue discount (“OID”) instruments and payment in kind (“PIK”) interest arrangements, which represents contractual interest added to a loan balance and due at the end of such loan’s term. To the extent OID or PIK interest constitute a portion of the Fund’s income, the Fund is exposed to typical risks associated with such income being required to be included in taxable and accounting income prior to receipt of cash, including the following:

 

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The higher interest rates of OID and PIK instruments reflect the payment deferral and increased credit risk associated with these instruments, and OID and PIK instruments generally represent a significantly higher credit risk than coupon loans.

 

   

Even if the accounting conditions for income accrual are met, the borrower could still default when the Fund’s actual collection is supposed to occur at the maturity of the obligation.

 

   

OID and PIK instruments may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require continuing judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any associated collateral. OID and PIK income may also create uncertainty about the source of the Fund’s cash distributions.

 

   

For accounting purposes, any cash distributions to shareholders representing OID and PIK income are not treated as coming from paid-in capital, even if the cash to pay them comes from offering proceeds. As a result, despite the fact that a distribution representing OID and PIK income could be paid out of amounts invested by Fund shareholders, the 1940 Act does not require that shareholders be given notice of this fact by reporting it as a return of capital.

Availability of Investments Risk. The Fund operates in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities.

A number of entities compete with the Fund to make the types of investments that the Fund makes. The Fund competes with private and public investment funds, commercial and investment banks, commercial financing companies, and CDOs, CLOs, and CBOs, among others. Many of the Fund’s competitors are experienced, substantially larger and have greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Fund has. Some competitors may have a lower cost of funds and access to funding sources that are not available to the Fund. In addition, some of the Fund’s competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than the Fund. Furthermore, certain of the Fund’s competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the Investment Company Act imposes on the Fund as a registered closed-end fund and that the Code imposes on the Fund as a RIC.

As a result of this competition, the Fund may not be able to secure attractive investment opportunities from time to time. The Fund may also make investments that are on less favorable terms than what competitors may be able to achieve. There can be no assurance that the competitive pressures the Fund faces will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.

Mid-Cap and Small-Cap Risk. The securities of mid-capitalization and small-capitalization companies involve greater risks than those associated with larger, more established companies and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements. Securities of such issuers may lack sufficient market liquidity to enable the Fund to effect sales at an advantageous time or without a substantial drop in price. Both mid-capitalization and small-capitalization companies often have narrower markets and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger, more established companies. As a result, their performance can be more volatile and they face greater risk of business failure, which could increase the volatility of the Fund’s portfolio. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater these risks become.

Initial Public Offerings (“IPOs”) Risk. The market value of IPO shares will fluctuate considerably due to factors such as the absence of a prior public market, unseasoned trading, the small number of shares available for trading and limited information about the issuer. The purchase of IPO shares may involve high transaction costs. IPO shares are subject to market risk and liquidity risk. When the Fund’s asset base is small, a significant portion of the Fund’s performance could be attributable to investments in IPOs, because such investments could have a magnified impact on the Fund. As the Fund’s assets grow, the effect of the Fund’s investments in IPOs on the Fund’s performance will likely decline, which could reduce the Fund’s performance.

 

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Pre-IPO Investments Risk. Pre-IPO companies typically have limited operating histories, narrower, less established product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions, market conditions and consumer sentiment in respect of their products or services, as well as general economic downturns. Such companies may experience operating losses, which may be substantial, and there can be no assurance when or if such companies will operate at a profit. At the time of the Fund’s investment, there is generally little publicly available information about these businesses since they are primarily privately owned and the Fund may only have access to the company’s actual financial results as of and for the most recent quarter end or, in certain cases, the quarter end preceding the most recent quarter end. There can be no assurance that the information that the Fund does obtain with respect to any investment is reliable. Pre-IPO companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations under their existing credit facilities (to the extent that such facilities exist), which may lead to equity financings, possibly at discounted valuations, in which the Fund could be substantially diluted if the Fund does not, or cannot, participate in such financings. Failing to meet such obligations may also lead to bankruptcy or liquidation and may result in a reduction in value or loss of the Fund’s investment. Pre-IPO companies are more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on the company and, in turn, on the Fund. Continued global economic uncertainty could also result in investors becoming more risk-averse, which in turn could reduce the amount of growth capital available to the companies from both existing and new investors, could adversely affect their operating performance, and could delay liquidity paths (for example, an IPO or strategic sale/merger) for the companies. It may be difficult for the Fund to sell these investments, subjecting the Fund to liquidity risk. The securities of private portfolio companies are illiquid, and the inability of these portfolio companies to complete an IPO within the targeted time frame will extend the holding period of the Fund’s investments and may adversely affect the value of these investments.

Structured Securities. The Fund may invest in structured securities. Structured securities are securities whose value is determined by reference to changes in the value of specific currencies, securities, interest rates, commodities, indices or other financial indicators (the “Reference”) or the relative change in two or more References. Investments in structured securities may provide exposure to certain securities or markets in situations where regulatory or other restrictions prevent direct investments in such issuers or markets.

The interest rate or the principal amount payable upon maturity or redemption may be increased or decreased depending upon changes in the applicable Reference. Structured securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the Reference may produce an increase or decrease in the interest rate or value of the security at maturity. In addition, changes in the interest rates or the value of the security at maturity may be a multiple of changes in the value of the Reference, effectively leveraging the Fund’s investments so that small changes in the value of the Reference may result in disproportionate gains or losses to the Fund. Consequently, structured securities may present a greater degree of market risk than many types of securities and maybe more volatile, less liquid and more difficult to price accurately than less complex securities. Structured securities are also subject to the risk that the issuer of the structured securities may fail to perform its contractual obligations. Certain issuers of structured products may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Fund’s investments in structured securities may be subject to the limits applicable to investments in other investment companies.

Structured securities are considered hybrid instruments because they are derivative instruments the value of which depends on, or is derived from or linked to, the value of an underlying asset, interest rate index or commodity. Commodity-linked notes are hybrid instruments because the principal and/or interest payments on those notes is linked to the value of the individual commodities, futures contracts or the performance of one or more commodity indices.

Structured securities include, but are not limited to, equity linked notes. An equity linked note is a note whose performance is tied to a single stock, a stock index or a basket of stocks. Equity linked notes combine the principal protection normally associated with fixed income investments with the potential for capital appreciation normally associated with equity investments. Upon the maturity of the note, the holder generally receives a return of principal based on the capital appreciation of the linked securities. Depending on the terms of the note, equity linked notes may also have a “cap” or “floor” on the maximum principal amount to be repaid to holders, irrespective of the performance of the underlying linked securities. For example, a note may guarantee the repayment of the original principal amount invested (even if the underlying linked securities have negative performance during the note’s term), but may cap the maximum payment at maturity at a certain percentage of the issuance price or the return of the underlying linked securities. Alternatively, the note may not guarantee a full return on the original principal, but may offer a greater participation in any capital appreciation of the underlying linked securities. The terms of an equity linked note may also provide for periodic interest payments to holders at either a fixed or floating rate. The secondary market for equity linked notes may be limited, and the lack of liquidity in the secondary market may make these securities difficult to dispose of and to value. Equity linked notes will be considered equity securities for purposes of the Fund’s investment objective and policies.

 

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Nature of Distressed Investments. The Fund may invest in the securities and obligations of companies experiencing financial and/or operational distress, including debt obligations that are in covenant or payment default. Such investments are considered high-risk and speculative. Defaulted obligations might not be repaid at all or might be repaid only after lengthy workout or bankruptcy proceedings, during which the issuer of those obligations might not make any interest or other payments.

Bankruptcy. Given their financial situation, distressed companies also face increased risk that they may be involved in bankruptcy proceedings. There are a number of significant risks when investing in distressed companies that are or may be involved in bankruptcy proceedings, including adverse and permanent effects on a company, such as the loss of its market position and key personnel, otherwise becoming incapable of restoring itself as a viable entity and, if converted to a liquidation, a possible liquidation value of the company that is less than the value that was believed to exist at the time of the investment. Bankruptcy proceedings are often lengthy and difficult to predict and could adversely impact a creditor’s return on investment. The bankruptcy courts have extensive power and, under some circumstances, may alter contractual obligations of a bankrupt company. Shareholders, creditors and other interested parties are all entitled to participate in bankruptcy proceedings and will attempt to influence the outcome for their own benefit. Administrative costs relating to a bankruptcy proceeding will be paid out of the debtor’s estate prior to any returns to creditors. In addition, creditors (such as the Fund) can lose their ranking and priority if they exercise “domination and control” over a debtor and other creditors can demonstrate that they have been harmed by these actions, especially in the case of investments made prior to the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings. Also, certain claims, such as for taxes, may have priority by law over the claims of certain creditors. The Fund also may seek representation on creditors’ committees and, as a member of a creditors’ committee, may owe certain obligations generally to all creditors similarly situated that the committee represents, and it may be subject to various trading or confidentiality restrictions. In addition, many events in a bankruptcy are the product of contested matters and adversary proceedings that are beyond the control of the creditors. Furthermore, the Fund, as lender, can be subject to lender liability claims for actions taken by the Fund where it becomes significantly involved in the borrower’s business or exercises control over the borrower.

Special Situation Investments Risk. The Fund may make investments in event-driven situations such as recapitalizations, financings, corporate and financial restructurings, acquisitions, divestitures, reorganizations or other situations in public or private companies that may provide the Fund with an opportunity to provide debt and/or equity financing, typically on a negotiated basis. The Investment Adviser will seek special situation investment opportunities with limited downside risk relative to their potential upside. These investments are complicated and an incorrect assessment of the downside risk associated with an investment could result in significant losses to the Fund.

Restricted and Illiquid Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in illiquid investments, which are investments that the Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. The Fund may purchase Rule 144A Securities for which there is a secondary market of qualified institutional buyers, as defined in Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act. Rule 144A provides an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for the resale of certain restricted securities to qualified institutional buyers. Investing in Rule 144A Securities may decrease the liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio to the extent that qualified institutional buyers become for a time uninterested in purchasing these restricted securities. The purchase price and subsequent valuation of restricted and illiquid investments normally reflect a discount, which may be significant, from the market price of comparable securities for which a liquid market exists.

Investments purchased by the Fund, particularly debt securities and over-the-counter traded instruments that are liquid at the time of purchase, may subsequently become illiquid due to events relating to the issuer of the securities, market events, economic conditions or investor perceptions. Domestic and foreign markets are becoming more and more complex and interrelated, so that events in one sector of the market or the economy, or in one geographical region, can reverberate and have negative consequences for other market, economic or regional sectors in a manner that may not be reasonably foreseen. With respect to over-the-counter traded securities, the continued viability of any over-the-counter secondary market depends on the continued willingness of dealers and other participants to purchase the instruments.

 

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In cases where no clear indication of the value of the Fund’s portfolio instruments is available, the portfolio instruments will be valued at their fair value according to the valuation procedures approved by the Board. These cases include, among others, situations where a security or other asset or liability does not have a price source.

Middle-Market Company Risks. Investing in middle-market companies involves a number of significant risks, including:

 

   

such companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt securities, which may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of the Fund realizing any guarantees it may have obtained in connection with its investment;

 

   

such companies typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;

 

   

such companies are more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on the portfolio company and, in turn, on the Fund;

 

   

such companies generally have less predictable operating results, may from time to time be parties to litigation, may be engaged in rapidly changing businesses with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance expansion or maintain their competitive position;

 

   

there is generally little public information about these companies, they and their financial information are not subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and other regulations that govern public companies and the Fund may be unable to uncover all material information about these companies, which may prevent the Fund from making a fully informed investment decision and cause the Fund to lose money on its investments;

 

   

the Fund’s executive officers, directors and Investment Adviser may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation arising from the Fund’s investments in the portfolio companies;

 

   

such companies may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs, which may limit their ability to grow or to repay their outstanding indebtedness, including any debt securities held by the Fund, upon maturity; and

 

   

some middle-market companies may be highly leveraged, and therefore their income and net assets will tend to increase or decrease at a greater rate than if borrowed money were not used.

Sovereign Default Risk. The issuer of the non-U.S. sovereign debt held by the Fund or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay the principal or interest when due. This may result from political or social factors, the general economic environment of a country or levels of foreign debt or foreign currency exchange rates.

 

   

Economic Risk—The risks associated with the general economic environment of a country. These can encompass, among other things, low quality and growth rate of Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”), high inflation or deflation, high government deficits as a percentage of GDP, weak financial sector, overvalued exchange rate, and high current account deficits as a percentage of GDP.

 

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Political Risk—The risks associated with the general political and social environment of a country. These factors may include among other things government instability, poor socioeconomic conditions, corruption, lack of law and order, lack of democratic accountability, poor quality of the bureaucracy, internal and external conflict, and religious and ethnic tensions. High political risk can impede the economic welfare of a country.

 

   

Repayment Risk—A country may be unable to pay its external debt obligations in the immediate future. Repayment risk factors may include but are not limited to high foreign debt as a percentage of GDP, high foreign debt service as a percentage of exports, low foreign exchange reserves as a percentage of short-term debt or exports, and an unsustainable exchange rate structure.

Investments in Derivatives. The Fund’s use of forwards, swaps, structured securities and other derivative instruments may result in losses. These instruments, which may pose risks in addition to and greater than those associated with investing directly in securities, currencies or other investments, may be illiquid or less liquid, volatile, difficult to price and leveraged so that small changes in the value of the underlying instruments may produce disproportionate losses to the Fund. Certain derivatives are also subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the other party in the transaction will not fulfill its contractual obligations, liquidity risk and risks arising from margin requirements, which include the risk that the Fund will be required to pay additional margin or set aside additional collateral to maintain open derivative positions. Derivatives may be used for hedging purposes and non-hedging purposes.

The use of derivatives is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with investments in more traditional securities and instruments, and there is no guarantee that the use of derivatives will achieve their intended result. If the Investment Adviser is incorrect in its expectation of the timing or level of fluctuation in securities prices, interest rates, currency prices or other variables, the use of derivatives could result in losses, which in some cases may be significant.

A lack of correlation between changes in the value of derivatives and the value of the portfolio investments (if any) being hedged could also result in losses. In addition, there is a risk that the performance of the derivatives or other instruments used by the Investment Adviser to replicate the performance of a particular asset class may not accurately track the performance of that asset class.

The Fund may use derivatives, including swaps, to implement short positions. Taking short positions involves leverage of the Fund’s assets and presents various risks. If the value of the instrument or market in which the Fund has taken a short position increases, then the Fund will incur a loss equal to the increase in value from the time that the short position was entered into plus any premiums and interest paid to a counterparty. Therefore, taking short positions involves the risk that losses may be exaggerated, potentially losing more money than the actual cost of the investment.

As an investment company registered with the SEC, the Fund must identify on its books (often referred to as “asset segregation”) liquid assets, or engage in other SEC or SEC staff approved or other appropriate measures, to “cover” open positions with respect to certain kinds of derivative instruments. In addition, the use of certain derivatives may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of income or short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates).

Potential Loss from Currency Fluctuations. The Fund may invest a portion of its capital outside the United States in non-U.S. dollar denominated securities. These investments involve special risks compared with investing exclusively in the United States. Because these investments may involve non-U.S. dollar currencies and because the Fund may hold funds in these currencies in bank deposits during the completion of the investment program, the Fund may be adversely affected by changes in currency rates (including as a result of the devaluation of a foreign currency) and in exchange control regulations and may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. In addition, the equivalent U.S. dollar obligations of the Fund’s investments located outside of the United States may increase as a result of adverse changes in currency rates.

 

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Borrowing. The Fund may borrow funds or otherwise utilize leverage for a variety of purposes, subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act as part of the Fund’s investment program, to meet other short-term liquidity needs, including payment of fees and expenses, and to facilitate the Fund’s hedging activities. The terms of the indebtedness incurred by the Fund may require the Fund to maintain minimum average balances in connection with borrowings or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit. Either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. In addition, the Fund may not be able to negotiate commercially reasonable terms for its indebtedness and may not be able to extend or renew the existing terms when the indebtedness comes due. If the Fund is unable to access additional credit or otherwise has insufficient resources to pay its obligations, it may be forced to sell investments at inopportune times, which may further depress returns. The Fund will be limited in its ability to borrow (or guarantee other obligations) to amounts such that the Fund’s asset coverage ratio (as defined in the 1940 Act) would be less than 300%, calculated at the time of such incurrence (i.e., the value of each of the Fund’s total assets less liabilities other than the principal amount represented by indebtedness must be at least 300% of the principal amount represented by indebtedness at the time of incurrence). The Fund may also utilize indebtedness in excess of such limit for temporary purposes such as the settlement of transactions.

The use of leverage can create risks. Changes in the value of the Fund’s portfolio, including securities bought with the proceeds of leverage, will be borne entirely by the shareholders. If there is a net decrease or increase in the value of the Fund’s investment portfolio, leverage will decrease or increase, as the case may be, the Fund’s NAV to a greater extent than if the Fund did not utilize leverage. The Fund’s leverage strategy may not be successful.

The Fund May Make Commitments Representing a Substantial Portion of its Total Assets. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Fund may make commitments to provide loans to companies, or commitments to make capital contributions to Private Investment Funds, that represent a substantial portion of the total assets of the Fund, including through the use of leverage. As a result, in certain circumstances, the Fund may need to retain investment income, borrow funds or liquidate some or all of its investments prematurely at potentially significant discounts to market value if the Fund does not have sufficient liquid assets to meet these commitments; however, the Fund will not borrow in excess of applicable limitations under the 1940 Act.

Risks Relating to the Potential Use of Pass-Through Entities. To the extent permitted by applicable law (including the 1940 Act), the Fund may make investments through one or more partnerships or other pass-through entities in which the sole beneficial interest holders are the Fund. These investment vehicles may incur leverage. To the extent permitted by applicable law including the 1940 Act, the Fund may guarantee the obligations of these investment vehicles and/or assign and pledge assets of the Fund to these investment vehicles in order to secure borrowings or other leverage. Failure by any member of such a pass-through entity to meet its obligations could have adverse effects on the Fund and the other members of any pass-through entity, including the acceleration of payment obligations under any leverage facility used by the vehicle.

Dependence upon the Ability of the Investment Adviser. The Board has delegated to the Investment Adviser the authority to make investment, disposition, and related investment management decisions, including the authority to approve all investments and/or all dispositions made by the Fund and to make or provide reserves. In addition, the Board has delegated to the Investment Adviser the authority to manage many of the affairs of the Fund, including, among others, the right to enforce default remedies, responsibility for maintaining the Fund’s books and records and producing the Fund’s reports, the right to calculate and cause the Fund to make distributions. Shareholders will have no right or power to participate in the management or control of the business of the Fund, and thus must depend solely upon the ability of the Investment Adviser with respect to the Fund’s investments. In addition, shareholders will have no opportunity to evaluate the specific investments made by the Fund or the terms of any investment. Accordingly, the success and failure of the Fund will depend to a significant extent on the viability and performance of the Investment Adviser. In managing and directing the investment programs of the Fund, the Investment Adviser will rely heavily on certain key personnel of Goldman Sachs. Certain key personnel, including members of the Investment Adviser’s investment team, may leave Goldman Sachs or rotate to another group within Goldman Sachs. The departure of any of such key personnel or their inability to fulfill certain duties may adversely affect the ability of the Investment Adviser to effectively implement the investment program of the Fund and may have an adverse impact on the Fund. Changes to the composition of the investment team may occur over time and without notice to the shareholders.

 

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Risk of Certain Events Related to Goldman Sachs. Although the Fund is a separate legal entity from Goldman Sachs, in the event that Goldman Sachs were to become insolvent and/or subject to liquidation, or if there were a change of control of Goldman Sachs, the Fund could nonetheless be adversely affected. In that regard, a bankruptcy or change of control of Goldman Sachs or the Investment Adviser could cause the Investment Adviser to have difficulty retaining personnel or otherwise adversely affect the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective.

Investment Performance of the Fund and Other Investment Vehicles May Vary Significantly. Goldman Sachs (i) has established, and expects to continue to establish, additional companies, partnerships or other entities, pooled investment vehicles for multiple investors, funds, separate accounts, and other entities, and (ii) includes various business units or divisions, which, in either case, may have, in whole or in part, investment objectives and strategies that may be similar to or overlap with those of the Fund (such entities, business units or divisions are referred to collectively as, “Other Investment Vehicles”). The Fund may at times compete with the Other Investment Vehicles for certain investments and the returns of each of the Other Investment Vehicles will likely differ materially from the returns of the Fund.

The results of the investment activities of the Fund may differ significantly from the results achieved by Goldman Sachs for its own benefit and from the results achieved by Other Investment Vehicles based on the investment strategies employed by such investors.

Subject to applicable law, including the 1940 Act, Other Investment Vehicles and other areas within Goldman Sachs may invest alongside the Fund. In allocating any investment opportunities, the Investment Adviser will take into account numerous factors, in its discretion. Any such investments made alongside the Fund may or may not be in proportion to the relevant commitments of the investing parties and may involve different terms and fee structures than those of the Fund. As a result, investment returns may vary materially among the Fund and Other Investment Vehicles and other areas of Goldman Sachs that invest alongside the Fund.

The 1940 Act imposes significant limits on co-investment with affiliates of the Fund, and the Fund generally will not be permitted to co-invest alongside its affiliates in privately negotiated transactions unless pursuant to an exemptive order from the SEC or the transaction is otherwise permitted under existing regulatory guidance, such as transactions where price is the only negotiated term, and will not participate in transactions where other terms are negotiable. This could reduce the amount of transactions in which the Fund can participate and makes it more difficult for the Fund to implement its investment objective.

Market Volatility. The value of any public securities in which the Fund may directly or indirectly invest varies in response to many factors. Factors specific to a company could result in a decrease in the value of the company’s securities. Factors specific to the industry in which the company participates can have a similar effect. The value of a company’s securities can also be adversely affected by changes in financial markets generally that are unrelated to the company itself or its industry. Current economic conditions in some cases have produced downward pressure on security prices and credit availability for certain companies without regard to those companies’ underlying financial strength. In addition, certain options and other equity-related instruments may be subject to additional risks, including liquidity risk, counterparty credit risk, legal risk and operations risk, may involve significant economic leverage and, in some cases, may be subject to significant risks of loss. These factors and others can cause significant fluctuations in the prices of the securities in which the Fund may directly or indirectly invest and can result in adverse effects on the Fund’s returns.

Effects of Economic Conditions on the Fund and Its Investments. The Fund and its investments may be adversely affected by the deterioration of and uncertainty in the financial markets and economic conditions throughout the world, some of which may magnify the risks described in this prospectus and have other adverse effects. These market conditions have resulted in volatility and illiquidity in the global equity, credit and debt markets generally. While these conditions may create increased investment opportunities for the Fund, certain securities may become less liquid, more difficult to value and thus harder to liquidate.

The duration and ultimate effect of market conditions cannot be forecast, nor is it known whether or the degree to which such conditions may improve or worsen. Although the deterioration of market conditions and uncertainty regarding economic markets generally could result in the Fund acquiring investments on more favorable terms, such conditions may also result in declines in the market values of the Fund’s existing investments. Furthermore, the credit markets tend to be volatile and the availability of indebtedness may be difficult to ascertain. As a result, the Fund may be unable to borrow sufficiently. This may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to acquire and dispose of investments as well as on the returns associated with its investments.

 

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Foreign Risk. When the Fund invests in foreign securities, it may be subject to risk of loss not typically associated with U.S. issuers. Loss may result because of more or less foreign government regulation, less public information, less liquid, developed or efficient trading markets, greater volatility and less economic, political and social stability in the countries in which the Fund invests. Loss may also result from, among other things, deteriorating economic and business conditions in other countries, including the United States, regional and global conflicts, the imposition of exchange controls (including repatriation restrictions), sanctions, foreign taxes, confiscations, trade restrictions (including tariffs), expropriations and other government restrictions by the United States or other governments, higher transaction costs, difficulty enforcing contractual obligations or from problems in share registration, settlement or custody. The Fund or the Investment Adviser may determine not to invest in, or may limit its overall investment in, a particular issuer, country or geographic region due to, among other things, heightened risks regarding repatriation restrictions, confiscation of assets and property, expropriation or nationalization. The Fund will also be subject to the risk of negative foreign currency rate fluctuations, which may cause the value of securities denominated in such foreign currency (or other instruments through which the Fund has exposure to foreign currencies) to decline in value. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time. Foreign risks will normally be greatest when the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in emerging countries.

[“Brexit” Risk. The decision made in the United Kingdom referendum in June 2016 to leave the European Union (commonly known as “Brexit”) has led to volatility in global financial markets, and in particular in the markets of the United Kingdom and across Europe, and may also lead to weakening in political, regulatory, consumer, corporate and financial confidence in the United Kingdom and Europe. The United Kingdom and European Union announced in March 2018 an agreement in principle to transitional provisions under which European Union law would remain in force in the United Kingdom until the end of December 2020, but this remains subject to the successful conclusion of an agreement between the United Kingdom and the European Union. In the absence of such an agreement there would be no transitional provisions and the United Kingdom would exit the European Union and the relationship between the United Kingdom and the European Union would be based on the World Trade Organization rules (a “hard Brexit”). On October 28, 2019, the United Kingdom came to an agreement with the EU to delay the deadline for withdrawal. Unless the United Kingdom parliament approves the withdrawal agreement by January 31, 2020, it is expected that there will be a hard Brexit on that date absent any further agreements to delay the withdrawal.

Consequently, due to this political uncertainty, it is not possible to anticipate, in the absence of an intervening action, when the United Kingdom will leave the EU and whether such departure will benefit from the terms of the withdrawal agreement and the transitional provisions. In the event of a “hard Brexit,” the relationship between the United Kingdom and the EU would be based on the World Trade Organization rules. While it is not currently possible to determine the extent of the impact a hard Brexit may have on the Fund’s investments, certain measures are being proposed and/or will be introduced, at the EU level or at the member state level, which are designed to minimize disruption in the financial markets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the prolonged and continued uncertainty of the status of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU could negatively impact current and future economic conditions in the United Kingdom which, in turn, could negatively impact the Fund’s investments.]

Emerging Markets. The Fund may invest in securities of issuers located in emerging countries. The securities markets of emerging countries are generally smaller, less developed, less liquid and more volatile than the securities markets of the United States and developed non-U.S. markets. Emerging countries are generally located in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Eastern Europe and Central and South America. Disclosure and regulatory standards in emerging markets are in many respects less stringent than in the United States and in developed non-U.S. markets. There also may be a lower level of monitoring and regulation of securities markets in emerging market countries and the activities of investors in such markets and enforcement of existing regulations has been extremely limited. Many emerging countries have experienced substantial rates of inflation for many years. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates may continue to have very negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain emerging countries. Economies in emerging markets generally are heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be affected adversely by protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade. The economies of countries with emerging markets may also be predominantly based on only a few industries or dependent on revenues from particular commodities. In many cases, governments of emerging

 

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countries continue to exercise significant control over their economies, and government actions relative to the economy, as well as economic developments generally, may affect the capacity of issuers of emerging country debt instruments to make payments on their debt obligations, regardless of their financial condition. There can be no assurance that adverse political changes will not cause a loss of any or all of any such investment and, in the case of fixed-income securities, interest thereon.

Lack of Financial Reporting Related to Non-U.S. Investments; Adverse Non-U.S. Taxes or Other Conditions. The Fund may invest in non-U.S. entities. Because non-U.S. entities are not subject to uniform reporting standards, practices and disclosure comparable with those applicable to U.S. companies, there may be different types of, and lower quality, information available about non-U.S. companies. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of a company may not reflect its financial position or results of operation in the way they would be reflected had such financial statements been prepared in accordance with the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. This limitation may be particularly true for private equity investments, where there may be little or no publicly available information about private companies. In addition, financial data related to non-U.S. investments may be affected by both inflation and local accounting standards, and may not accurately reflect the real condition of companies and securities markets. Moreover, the Fund may be subject to tax, reporting and other filing obligations in non-U.S. jurisdictions in which non-U.S. companies reside or operate. In addition, non-U.S. securities markets, particularly in developing countries, may be substantially less liquid and have greater volatility than U.S. securities markets.

Geographic Risk. If the Fund focuses its investments in securities of issuers located in a particular country or region the Fund may be subjected to a greater extent than if investments were less focused, to the risks of volatile economic cycles and/or conditions and developments that may be particular to that country or region, such as: adverse securities markets; adverse exchange rates; adverse social, political, regulatory, economic, business, environmental or other developments; or natural disasters.

Market Disruption Risk and Terrorism Risk. The military operations of the United States and its allies, the instability in various parts of the world and the prevalence of terrorist attacks throughout the world could have significant adverse effects on the global economy. In addition, certain illnesses have the potential to significantly affect the global economy. Terrorist attacks may also exacerbate some of the foregoing risk factors. A terrorist attack involving, or in the vicinity of, a Fund investment, directly or indirectly, may result in a liability far in excess of available insurance coverage. The Investment Adviser cannot predict the likelihood of these types of events occurring in the future nor how such events may affect the Fund.

Investment and Repatriation Restrictions. Foreign investment in securities of companies in certain of the countries in which the Fund may invest is restricted or controlled to varying degrees. Certain countries have laws and regulations that currently limit or preclude direct foreign investment in the securities of their companies. Even where permitted, direct investments in certain companies may require significant government approvals under corporate, securities, foreign investment and other similar laws and may require financing and structuring alternatives that differ significantly from those customarily used in countries in other regions. These restrictions or controls may at times limit or preclude foreign investment above certain ownership levels or in certain sectors of the country’s economy and increase the costs and expenses of the Fund. The Fund could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, any required governmental approval for repatriation of capital interests and dividends paid on securities held by the Fund, and income on such securities or gains from the disposition of such securities may be subject to withholding taxes imposed by certain countries or other jurisdictions.

Hedging Instruments May Adversely Affect Overall Performance. The Fund’s use of derivatives involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities or more traditional investments of the Fund, depending upon the characteristics of the particular derivative and the Fund’s portfolio as a whole. Engaging in derivative transactions may entail investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest, and involves a risk of loss that could materially adversely affect the overall performance of the Fund. Please see “Borrowing” above.

 

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Hedging strategies could involve a variety of derivative transactions, including futures, forward, swap, and option contracts or other financial instruments with similar characteristics, including forward foreign exchange contracts, interest rate swaps, credit default swaps and total return swaps, exchanges, caps and options (collectively “Hedging Instruments”). While hedging transactions may reduce the risks associated with an investment by the Fund, the transactions themselves entail risks that are different than those of the investments of the Fund. The risks posed by these transactions include interest rate risk, market risk, the risk that these complex instruments and techniques will not be successfully evaluated, monitored or priced, the risk that counterparties will default on their obligations, liquidity risk and leverage risk. Changes in liquidity may result in significant, rapid and unpredictable changes in the prices for derivatives. Thus, while the Fund may benefit from the use of Hedging Instruments, unanticipated changes in interest rates, securities prices or currency exchange rates may result in a poorer overall performance for the Fund than if they had not used those Hedging Instruments.

The success of hedging transactions will be subject to the ability to correctly predict movements in and the direction of currency exchange rates, interest rates and public security prices. In addition, the degree of correlation between price movements of the instruments used in a hedging strategy and price movements in the portfolio positions being hedged may vary.

Currency Hedging Instruments may not be available for certain currencies or may not have a duration that matches the long-term nature of the underlying principal investment. The ability to trade in or exercise options may be restricted in the event that trading in the underlying securities becomes restricted.

The successful use of these hedging strategies depends upon the availability of a liquid market and appropriate Hedging Instruments, and there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to close out a position when deemed advisable by the Investment Adviser. No assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular futures contract at any particular time. Hedging transactions also involve additional costs and expenses, which may adversely affect the overall performance of the Fund. There can be no assurance that the Fund’s assets will engage in hedging transactions at any given time or from time to time, or that these transactions, if available, will be effective.

Current Regulatory Risks. The Dodd-Frank Act was signed into law by President Obama on July 21, 2010. Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Act (as it may be amended, and together with the rules or regulations promulgated thereunder), known as the “Volcker Rule,” restricts banking entities, such as Goldman Sachs, absent an applicable exclusion or exemption, from acquiring or retaining any equity, partnership or other ownership interests in, or sponsoring, a hedge fund or a private equity fund (“covered fund”). U.S. financial regulators issued final rules to implement the statutory mandate of the Volcker Rule on December 10, 2013, which are currently in effect with respect to Goldman Sachs’ investments in and relationships with the Fund.

The Volcker Rule also prohibits banking entities, such as Goldman Sachs, from engaging in certain trading activities involving their own capital (also known as “proprietary trading”). These prohibitions may include certain restrictions on the extent to which Goldman Sachs may own Shares of the Fund. If Goldman Sachs or its affiliates own 25% or more of the Shares of the Fund longer than three years from the Fund’s launch date, the Fund may be subject to these proprietary trading restrictions, which include restrictions on the ability to purchase and sell securities on a short-term basis. If Goldman Sachs were to own more than 25% of the Shares of the Fund following three years from the Fund’s launch date, the Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective and may be forced to liquidate prematurely, among other things.

In addition, the Volcker Rule prohibits any banking entity, including Goldman Sachs, from engaging in certain activities that would involve or result in a material conflict of interest between the banking entity and its clients, customers or counterparties, or that would result, directly or indirectly, in a material exposure by the banking entity to high-risk assets or high-risk trading strategies, or that would pose a threat to the safety and soundness of the banking entity or the financial stability of the United States. However, there remains significant uncertainty as to how this prohibition will ultimately impact Goldman Sachs and the Fund.

Any requirements or restrictions imposed by Goldman Sachs’ policies and procedures or by the Volcker Rule agencies could materially adversely affect the Fund, including because the requirements or restrictions could result in, among other things, the Fund foregoing certain investments or investment strategies or taking or refraining from other actions, any of which could disadvantage the Fund, or adversely affect the value of the investments in which the Fund directly or indirectly participates.

 

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The Volcker Rule’s final rules provide further information regarding how the above conditions may be interpreted or implemented.

The currently contemplated course of operation of the Fund may need to be altered in the future in one or more ways, to the extent the Investment Adviser in its discretion determines is necessary or advisable to comply with the Volcker Rule or any other applicable statute. In addition, the Volcker Rule or other rules issued under the Dodd-Frank Act could require or cause Goldman Sachs and/or investment vehicles that it organizes, offers or manages to liquidate or forego certain investments, or take other actions, which actions could disadvantage the Fund, or adversely affect the value of the investments in which the Fund directly or indirectly participates. Certain of these actions may have a material adverse effect on the Fund.

Regulation and Treatment of the Fund as a Bank Holding Company Affiliate. Goldman Sachs is regulated as a “bank holding company” under the Bank Holding Company Act (the “BHCA”), which generally restricts bank holding companies from engaging in business activities other than the business of banking and certain closely related activities. Goldman Sachs has elected to become a financial holding company under the BHCA and, as such, may engage in a broader range of financial and related activities, as long as Goldman Sachs continues to meet certain eligibility requirements.

It is contemplated that the Fund will be managed under the direction of the Board comprised of individuals, a majority of whom will be independent of Goldman Sachs, and that, as a result of this and other factors, the Fund will not be “controlled” by Goldman Sachs for BHCA purposes. If the Fund is not controlled by Goldman Sachs for BHCA purposes, the BHCA’s restrictions on Goldman Sachs’ activities and investments should not apply to the Fund.

However, if the Fund were deemed to be controlled by Goldman Sachs for bank regulatory purposes, the BHCA and other applicable banking laws, rules, regulations and guidelines, and their interpretation and administration by the appropriate regulatory agencies, may, among other things, restrict the transactions and relationships between the Investment Adviser, Goldman Sachs and their affiliates, on the one hand, and the Fund, on the other hand, and may restrict investments and transactions by, and the operations of, the Fund. In addition, certain BHCA regulations may require aggregation of the positions owned, held or controlled by related entities.

Speculative Position Limits. The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) and various exchanges have rules limiting the maximum net long or short positions which any person or group may own, hold or control in any given futures contract or option on such futures contract. [In addition, in December 2016, the CFTC proposed new rules which would impose position limits for futures and options contracts on twenty-five agricultural, energy and metal commodities, and for economically equivalent futures, options and swaps as well. These rules may adversely impact the Fund.]

Error and Error Correction Policies. The Investment Adviser will report to the Board any material breaches of the Fund’s investment objective, policies or restrictions and any material errors in the calculation of the NAV of the Fund. Depending on the nature and size of an error, corrective action may or may not be required. Corrective action may involve a prospective correction of the NAV. The Investment Adviser’s error policy and the Fund’s NAV error correction policy limit or restrict when corrective action will be taken, including instances where a Non-Traded Fund has provided an incorrect valuation to the Fund. As discussed in more detail under the section entitled “How Are Shares Priced?,” the Fund’s portfolio securities may be priced based on quotations for those securities provided by pricing services and Non-Traded Funds which may be priced on a delayed basis. There can be no guarantee that a quotation provided by a pricing service or Non-Traded Fund will be accurate. Each of the Investment Adviser and the Fund may at any time, in its discretion and without notice to shareholders, amend or supplement its error and NAV error correction policies.

Potential Conflicts of Interest Risk. The Investment Adviser’s investment team is often responsible for managing the Fund as well as one or more funds and other accounts, including proprietary accounts, separate accounts and other pooled investment vehicles, such as unregistered private funds. A portfolio manager may manage a separate account or other pooled investment vehicle which may have materially higher fee arrangements than the Fund and may also have a performance-based fee. The side-by-side management of these funds may raise potential conflicts of interest relating to cross trading, the allocation of investment opportunities and the aggregation and allocation of trades.

 

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The Fund anticipates that it will engage in negotiated co-investment transactions in securities of private issuers pursuant to an SEC exemptive order. The order is subject to certain conditions, such as that co-investments be made in a manner consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions, as well as regulatory requirements, and are allocated fairly among participants. If the Fund is unable to rely on the exemptive relief for a particular opportunity, when the Investment Adviser identifies certain investments, it will be required to determine which funds or accounts should make the investment at the potential exclusion of other funds or accounts. In such circumstances, the Investment Adviser will adhere to its investment allocation policy in order to determine the fund or account to which to allocate the opportunity. The policy provides that the Investment Adviser allocate opportunities through a rotation system or in such other manner as the Investment Adviser determines to be equitable. Accordingly, it is possible that the Fund may not be given the opportunity to participate in investments made by other funds or accounts.

The Investment Adviser has a fiduciary responsibility to manage all client accounts in a fair and equitable manner. The Investment Adviser seeks to provide best execution of all securities transactions and aggregate and then allocate securities to client accounts in a fair and timely manner. To this end, the Investment Adviser has developed policies and procedures designed to mitigate and manage the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from side-by-side management. In addition, the Investment Adviser and the Fund have adopted policies limiting the circumstances under which cross-trades may be effected between the Fund and another client account. The Investment Adviser conducts periodic reviews of trades for consistency with these policies.

Legal, Tax and Other Regulatory Risks. Legal, tax and regulatory changes could occur that may adversely affect the Fund and its investment results, and/or some or all of the shareholders. Recent economic events have given rise to a political climate that may result in the Investment Adviser and the Fund becoming subject to increased regulatory scrutiny and/or entirely new legal, tax or regulatory regimes both within the United States and in other countries in which the Fund may directly or indirectly invest. The Fund may be adversely affected as a result of new or revised legislation, or regulations imposed by the SEC, CFTC, IRS, Federal Reserve, other U.S. or non-U.S. tax or governmental regulatory authorities or self-regulatory organizations that supervise the financial markets.

The Fund and/or some or all of the shareholders also may be adversely affected by changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules by these governmental authorities and self-regulatory organizations. It is not possible to determine the extent of the impact of any new or revised laws, regulations or initiatives that may be proposed, or whether any of the proposals will become law. Compliance with any new laws or regulations could be more difficult and expensive, and may have a material adverse effect on the Fund and/or some or all of the shareholders.

The regulation of alternative investment management companies and investment funds (including private equity funds and hedge funds) is evolving, and changes in the regulation of alternative investment management companies and investment funds may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to pursue its investment objective. In addition, from time to time the market for private equity transactions has been adversely affected by regulatory pressures on providers of financing to reduce or eliminate their exposure to such transactions. It is not possible to determine the extent of the impact of any new laws, regulations or initiatives that may be proposed, or whether any of the proposals will become law and the consequences attendant therewith. Compliance with any new laws or regulations could be more difficult and expensive than compliance with existing regimes, and may affect the manner in which the Fund conducts business. New laws or regulations may also subject the Fund or some or all of its shareholders to increased taxes or other costs. In addition, the market for private equity transactions has been adversely affected by a decrease in the availability of financing for transactions.

Each prospective investor should be aware that tax laws and regulations are changing on an ongoing basis, and such laws and regulations may be changed with retroactive effect. Moreover, the interpretation and application of tax laws and regulations by certain tax authorities may not be clear, consistent or transparent. Uncertainty in the tax law may require the Fund to accrue potential tax liabilities even in situations where the Fund and/or the shareholders do not expect to be ultimately subject to such tax liabilities. In that regard, accounting standards and/or related tax reporting obligations may change, giving rise to additional accrual and/or other obligations. Each prospective investor should also be aware that other developments in the tax laws of the United States or other jurisdictions where the Fund invests could have a material effect on the tax consequences to the shareholders, the Fund and/or the Fund’s direct and indirect subsidiaries discussed in this prospectus and that shareholders may be required to provide certain additional information to the Fund (which may be provided to the IRS or other taxing authorities) or may be subject to other adverse consequences as a result of such change in tax laws. In the event of any such change in law, each shareholder is urged to consult its own tax advisors.

 

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Tax Risk. Although the Fund intends to elect to be treated, and intends to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, the Fund cannot assure shareholders that the Fund will be able to maintain RIC status. To obtain and maintain RIC status and be relieved of U.S. federal income taxes on income and gains distributed to its shareholders, the Fund must meet the annual distribution, source-of-income and asset diversification requirements described below.

 

   

The annual distribution requirement for a RIC will be satisfied if the Fund distributes to its shareholders on an annual basis at least 90% of its investment company taxable income for each taxable year. Because the Fund expects to use debt financing, the Fund expects to be subject to an asset coverage ratio requirement under the 1940 Act, and the Fund expects to be subject to certain financial covenants contained in its credit agreements and other debt financing agreements. This asset coverage ratio requirement and these financial covenants could, under certain circumstances, restrict the Fund from making distributions to its shareholders that are necessary for the Fund to satisfy the distribution requirement. If the Fund is unable to obtain cash from other sources, and thus is unable to make sufficient distributions to its shareholders, the Fund could fail to maintain its status for RIC tax treatment and thus become subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income tax (and any applicable U.S. state and local taxes).

 

   

The source-of-income requirement will be satisfied if at least 90% of the Fund’s gross income for each year is derived from dividends, interest, gains from the sale of stock or securities or similar sources.

 

   

The asset diversification requirement will be satisfied if, at the end of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s assets consists of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other acceptable securities, and no more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s assets is invested in the securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of one issuer, of two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under applicable Code rules, by the Fund and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or of certain “qualified publicly traded partnerships.” Failure to meet these requirements may result in the Fund’s having to dispose of certain investments quickly in order to prevent the loss of the Fund’s RIC status.

If the Fund fails to maintain its RIC status for any reason, and does not qualify for certain relief provisions under the Code, the Fund would be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income tax (and any applicable U.S. state and local taxes). In this event, the resulting taxes could substantially reduce the Fund’s Net Assets, the amount of the Fund’s income available for distribution and the amount of the Fund’s distributions to its shareholders, which would have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s financial performance. For additional discussion regarding the tax implications of a RIC, see “Taxation.”

Uncertain Tax Treatment. The Fund will, from time to time, invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund will cease to accrue interest, original issue discount (“OID”) or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund to the extent necessary in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to ensure that it does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

RIC-Related Risks of Investments Generating Non-Cash Taxable Income. Certain of the Fund’s investments will require the Fund to recognize taxable income in a taxable year in excess of the cash generated on those investments during that year. In particular, the Fund invests in loans and other debt obligations that will be treated as having “market discount” and/or OID for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Because the Fund will, from time to time, be required to recognize income in respect of these investments before, or without receiving, cash representing such

 

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income, the Fund will have difficulty satisfying the annual distribution requirements applicable to RICs and avoiding Fund-level U.S. federal income and/or excise taxes in such circumstances. Accordingly, the Fund will, from time to time, be required to sell assets, including at potentially disadvantageous times or prices, borrow, raise additional equity capital, make taxable distributions of its Shares or debt securities, or reduce new investments, to obtain the cash needed to make these income distributions. If the Fund liquidates assets to raise cash, the Fund will, from time to time, realize gain or loss on such liquidations; in the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such liquidation transactions, its Shareholders may receive larger capital gain distributions than they would in the absence of such transactions.

Other Regulatory. The Fund is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act. The Investment Adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Fund may use derivatives that are subject to regulation by the CFTC. Because of this exposure to CFTC-regulated derivatives, the Investment Adviser could become subject to regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (the “CEA”), and the CFTC’s rules and regulations with respect to the operations of the Fund. [However, The Investment Adviser has claimed an exclusion with respect to the Fund from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the CEA and, therefore, is not currently subject to registration or regulation as a pool operator under that CEA with respect to the Fund.] If the Fund were to be subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under the CEA, the Fund may incur compliance and other expenses or otherwise disadvantage the Fund.

Market Risk. The value of the securities in which the Fund invests may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual companies, particular sectors or governments and/or general economic conditions throughout the world. Price changes may be temporary or last for extended periods. The Fund’s investments may be overweighted from time to time in one or more sub-industries or countries, which will increase the Fund’s exposure to risk of loss from adverse developments affecting those sub-industries or countries.

Global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, and conditions and events in one country, region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. In addition, governmental and quasi-governmental organizations have taken a number of unprecedented actions designed to support the markets. Such conditions, events and actions may result in greater market risk.

Counterparty Risk. Many of the protections afforded to cleared transactions, such as the security afforded by transacting through a clearing house, might not be available in connection with certain over-the-counter transactions. Therefore, in those instances in which the Fund enters into certain over-the-counter transactions, the Fund will be subject to the risk that its direct counterparty will not perform its obligations under the transactions and that the Fund will sustain losses. However, recent regulatory developments require margin on certain uncleared over-the-counter transactions which may reduce, but not eliminate, this risk.

Private Company Investments Risk. Private companies are not subject to SEC reporting requirements, are not required to maintain their accounting records in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and are not required to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting. As a result, the Investment Adviser may not have timely or accurate information about the business, financial condition and results of operations of the private companies in which the Fund invests. There is risk that the Fund may invest on the basis of incomplete or inaccurate information, which may adversely affect the Fund’s investment performance. Private companies in which the Fund may invest may have limited financial resources, shorter operating histories, more asset concentration risk, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns. These companies generally have less predictable operating results, may from time to time be parties to litigation, may be engaged in rapidly changing businesses with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence, and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance expansion or maintain their competitive position. These companies may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs, which may limit their ability to grow or to repay their outstanding indebtedness upon maturity. In addition, the Fund’s investment also may be structured as pay-in-kind securities with minimal or no cash interest or dividends until the company meets certain growth and liquidity objectives. The securities of private portfolio companies are illiquid, making it difficult for the Fund to sell such investments.

 

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Valuation Risk. Market prices may not be readily available for some of the Fund’s investments. The value of such securities is determined by fair valuations determined by the Board or its designee pursuant to procedures governing the valuation of portfolio securities adopted by the Board. Proper valuation of such securities may require more reliance on the judgment of the Investment Adviser than for valuation of securities for which an active trading market exists.

Global Financial Markets Risk. Global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected and political and economic conditions (including recent instability and volatility) and events (including natural disasters) in one country, region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. As a result, issuers of securities held by the Fund may experience significant declines in the value of their assets and even cease operations. Such conditions and/or events may not have the same impact on all types of securities and may expose the Fund to greater market or liquidity risk or cause difficulty in valuing portfolio instruments held by the Fund. This could cause the Fund to underperform other types of investments.

The severity or duration of such conditions and/or events may be affected by policy changes made by governments or quasi-governmental organizations. Recent instability in the financial markets has led governments across the globe to take a number of unprecedented actions designed to support the financial markets. Future government regulation and/or intervention may also change the way in which the Fund is regulated and could limit or preclude the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. For example, one or more countries that have adopted the euro may abandon that currency and/or withdraw from the European Union, which could disrupt markets and affect the liquidity and value of the Fund’s investments, regardless of whether the Fund has significant exposure to European markets. In addition, governments or their agencies may acquire distressed assets from financial institutions and acquire ownership interests in those institutions, which may affect the Fund’s investments in ways that are unforeseeable.

In addition, in the U.S., total public debt as a percentage of gross domestic product has grown rapidly since the beginning of the financial downturn. High levels of national debt may raise concerns that the U.S. government will be unable to pay investors at maturity, may cause declines in currency valuations and may prevent the U.S. government from implementing effective fiscal policy.

U.S. Government Securities Risk. The U.S. government may not provide financial support to U.S. government agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises if it is not obligated to do so by law. U.S. government securities issued by those agencies, instrumentalities, and sponsored enterprises, including those issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Banks, are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury and, therefore, are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. government securities held by a Fund may greatly exceed their current resources, including any legal right to support from the U.S. Treasury. It is possible that issuers of U.S. government securities will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have been operating under conservatorship, with the Federal Housing Finance Administration (“FHFA”) acting as their conservator, since September 2008. The entities are dependent upon the continued support of the U.S. Department of the Treasury and FHFA in order to continue their business operations. These factors, among others, could affect the future status and role of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the value of their securities and the securities which they guarantee. Additionally, the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities do not guarantee the market values of their securities, which may fluctuate.

Swaps Risk. The use of swaps is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques, risk analyses and tax planning different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. The Fund’s transactions in swaps may be significant. These transactions can result in sizeable realized and unrealized capital gains and losses relative to the gains and losses from the Fund’s direct investments in securities and short sales.

Transactions in swaps can involve greater risks than if the Fund had invested in securities directly since, in addition to general market risks, swaps may be leveraged and subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk, credit risk and pricing risk. Regulators also may impose limits on an entity’s or group of entities’ positions in certain swaps. However, certain risks are reduced (but not eliminated) if the Fund invests in cleared swaps, which are transacted through a futures clearing merchant and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty. Because uncleared bilateral swap agreements are two-party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, these swaps may be considered to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected

 

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to be received under a swap (including any margin the Fund may have posted in connection with establishing the swap position) in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap counterparty. Many swaps are complex and valued subjectively. Swaps and other derivatives may also be subject to pricing or “basis” risk, which exists when the price of a particular derivative diverges from the price of corresponding cash market instruments. Under certain market conditions it may not be economically feasible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position in time to avoid a loss or take advantage of an opportunity.

If a swap transaction is particularly large or if the relevant market is illiquid, it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses.

The value of swaps can be very volatile, and a variance in the degree of volatility or in the direction of securities prices from the Investment Adviser’s expectations may produce significant losses in the Fund’s investments in swaps. In addition, a perfect correlation between a swap and a security position may be impossible to achieve. As a result, the Investment Adviser’s use of swaps may not be effective in fulfilling the Investment Adviser’s investment strategies and may contribute to losses that would not have been incurred otherwise.

Futures Contracts and Options and Swaps on Futures Contracts. Futures contracts are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that provide for the sale or purchase of a specified financial instrument or currency at a future time at a specified price. An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right (and the writer of the option the obligation) to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise price within a specified period of time. A swap on a futures contract provides an investor with the ability to gain economic exposure to a particular futures market; however, unlike a futures contract that is exchange-traded, a swap on a futures contract is an over-the-counter transaction. A futures contract may be based on particular securities, foreign currencies, securities indices and other financial instruments and indices. The Fund may engage in futures transactions on U.S. and foreign exchanges.

The Fund may, to the extent consistent with its investment policies, purchase and sell futures contracts, purchase and write call and put options on futures contracts and enter into swaps on futures contracts, in order to seek to increase total return or to hedge against changes in interest rates, securities prices or currency exchange rates, or to otherwise manage its term structure, sector selection and duration in accordance with its investment objective and policies. The Fund may also enter into closing purchase and sale transactions with respect to such contracts and options.

Futures contracts and related options and swaps present the following risks:

 

   

While the Fund may benefit from the use of futures and options and swaps on futures, unanticipated changes in interest rates, securities prices or currency exchange rates may result in poorer overall performance than if the Fund had not entered into any futures contracts, options transactions or swaps.

 

   

Because perfect correlation between a futures position and a portfolio position that is intended to be protected is impossible to achieve, the desired protection may not be obtained and the Fund may be exposed to additional risk of loss.

 

   

The loss incurred by the Fund in entering into futures contracts and in writing call options and entering into swaps on futures is potentially unlimited and may exceed the amount of the premium received.

 

   

Futures markets are highly volatile and the use of futures may increase the volatility of the Fund’s NAV.

 

   

As a result of the low margin deposits normally required in futures trading, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in substantial losses to the Fund.

 

   

Futures contracts and options and swaps on futures may be illiquid, and exchanges may limit fluctuations in futures contract prices during a single day.

 

   

Foreign exchanges may not provide the same protection as U.S. exchanges.

 

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When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments. The Fund may purchase when-issued securities and make contracts to purchase or sell securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond customary settlement time. When-issued securities are securities that have been authorized, but not yet issued. When-issued securities are purchased in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price or yield to the Fund at the time of entering into the transaction. A forward commitment involves entering into a contract to purchase or sell securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond the customary settlement period.

The purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis involves a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines before the settlement date. Conversely, the sale of securities on a forward commitment basis involves the risk that the value of the securities sold may increase before the settlement date. Although the Fund will generally purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis with the intention of acquiring the securities for its portfolio, the Fund may dispose of when-issued securities or forward commitments prior to settlement if the Investment Adviser deems it appropriate. When purchasing a security on a when-issued basis or entering into a forward commitment, the Fund must identify on its books liquid assets, or engage in other appropriate measures, to “cover” its obligations.

Repurchase Agreements. Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of securities subject to the seller’s agreement to repurchase them at a mutually agreed upon date and price. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with eligible counterparties which furnish collateral at least equal in value or market price to the amount of their repurchase obligation. The collateral may consist of any type of security in which the Fund is eligible to invest directly. Repurchase agreements involving obligations other than U.S. Government Securities may be subject to special risks and may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterparty’s insolvency.

If the other party or “seller” defaults, the Fund might suffer a loss to the extent that the proceeds from the sale of the underlying securities and other collateral held by the Fund are less than the repurchase price and the Fund’s costs associated with delay and enforcement of the repurchase agreement. In addition, in the event of bankruptcy of the seller, the Fund could suffer additional losses if a court determines that the Fund’s interest in the collateral is not enforceable.

The Fund, together with other registered investment companies having advisory agreements with the Investment Adviser or any of its affiliates, may transfer uninvested cash balances into a single joint account, the daily aggregate balance of which will be invested in one or more repurchase agreements.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by the Fund with an agreement by the Fund to repurchase the securities at a mutually agreed upon date and price (including interest). Reverse repurchase agreements may be entered into when the Investment Adviser expects that the return to be earned from the investment of the transaction proceeds will be greater than the related interest expense. Reverse repurchase agreements involve leveraging. If the securities held by the Fund decline in value while these transactions are outstanding, the NAV of the Fund’s outstanding shares will decline in value proportionately more than the decline in value of the securities. In addition, reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the investment return earned by the Fund (from the investment of the proceeds) will be less than the interest expense of the transaction, that the market value of the securities sold by the Fund will decline below the price the Fund is obligated to pay to repurchase the securities, and that the securities may not be returned to the Fund.

The Fund may “set aside” liquid assets, or engage in other appropriate measures to “cover” its obligations with respect to its transactions in reverse repurchase agreements. As a result of such segregation, the Fund’s obligations under such transactions will not be considered senior securities representing indebtedness for purposes of the 1940 Act and the Fund’s use of leverage through reverse repurchase agreements will not be limited by the 1940 Act. The Fund’s use of leverage through reverse repurchase agreements may be limited by the availability of cash or liquid securities to earmark or segregate in connection with such transactions.

If the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, such buyer or its trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to repurchase the securities, and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such decision. Also, the Fund would bear the risk of loss to the extent that the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement are less than the value of the securities subject to such agreement.

 

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With respect to any reverse repurchase agreement or similar transaction, the Fund’s Managed Assets shall include any proceeds from the sale of an asset of the Fund to a counterparty in such a transaction, in addition to the value of the underlying asset as of the relevant measuring date.

No guarantee or representation is made that the investment program of the Fund or any investment will be successful, that the various investments selected by the Fund will produce positive returns or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

The business and affairs of the Fund, including supervision of the duties performed by the Fund’s Investment Adviser, are managed under the direction of its Board. The names and business addresses of the Trustees and officers of the Fund and their principal occupations and other affiliations during the past five years are set forth under “Management of the Fund” in the SAI. GSAM serves as the Fund’s investment adviser. The principal executive offices of GSAM are at 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282. GSAM has been registered as an investment adviser with the SEC since 1990 and is a subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., a bank holding company, and an affiliate of Goldman Sachs.

The Investment Adviser provides day-to-day advice regarding the Fund’s portfolio transactions, manages the Fund’s portfolio and is responsible for the Fund’s business affairs and other administrative matters. The Investment Adviser makes the investment decisions for the Fund and places purchase and sale orders for the Fund’s portfolio transactions in U.S. and foreign markets. As permitted by applicable law, these orders may be directed to any brokers, including Goldman Sachs and its affiliates. While the Investment Adviser is ultimately responsible for the management of the Fund, it is able to draw upon the research and expertise of its asset management affiliates for portfolio decisions and management with respect to certain portfolio investments. In addition, the Investment Adviser has access to the research and certain proprietary technical models developed by Goldman Sachs (subject to legal, internal, regulatory and Chinese Wall restrictions), and will apply quantitative and qualitative analysis in determining the appropriate allocations among categories of issuers and types of securities.

The Investment Adviser also performs the following additional services for the Fund:

 

   

Supervises all non-advisory operations of the Fund;

 

   

Provides personnel to perform necessary executive, administrative and clerical services to the Fund;

 

   

Arranges for the preparation of all required tax returns, reports and notices to shareholders, prospectuses and statements of additional information and other reports filed with the SEC and other regulatory authorities;

 

   

Maintains the records of the Fund; and

 

   

Provides office space and all necessary office equipment and services.

The Investment Management Agreement provides that the Investment Adviser shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund in connection with the matters to which the Investment Management Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from the Investment Adviser’s willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by the Investment Adviser of its obligations and duties under the Investment Management Agreement.

Management Fee

In consideration of the advisory services provided by the Investment Adviser, the Investment Adviser is entitled to receive a monthly management fee at an annual rate equal to 1.50% of the average daily value of the Fund’s net assets. The Management Fee for any partial month will be appropriately prorated.

[A discussion regarding the Board’s basis for approving the Investment Management Agreement will be available in the Fund’s annual report for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2020.]

 

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Investment Team

The individuals jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund are listed below. The Fund’s portfolio managers’ individual responsibilities may differ and may include, among other things, security selection, asset allocation, risk budgeting and general oversight of the management of the Fund’s portfolio.

 

Name and Title

  

Fund Responsibility

  

Years

Primarily

Responsible

  

Five-Year Employment History

Mike Swell, Managing Director    Portfolio Manager—Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund    Since 2020    Mr. Swell joined the Investment Adviser in 2007.
Steve Bossi, Managing Director    Portfolio Manager—Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund    Since 2020    Mr. Bossi joined the Investment Adviser in 2009.
Brendan McGovern, Managing Director    Portfolio Manager—Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund    Since 2020    Mr. McGovern joined the Investment Adviser in 2006.

For information about portfolio manager compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and portfolio manager ownership of securities in the Fund, see “Management of the Fund—Portfolio Managers’ Compensation” in the SAI.

Other Service Providers

Auditors

[    ], [    ], is the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm. The Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm may change from time to time.

Custodian and Administrator

[    ], [    ], is the custodian of the Fund’s portfolio securities and cash. The custodian of the Fund may change from time to time. [    ] also maintains the Fund’s accounting records. [    ] may appoint domestic and foreign sub-custodians and use depositories from time to time to hold securities and other instruments purchased by the Fund in foreign countries and to hold cash and currencies for the Fund.

[    ] provides administrative services to the Fund pursuant to the Fund administration agreement with the Fund (the “Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement”) pursuant to which [    ] provides certain services, including, among others, (i) preparation of certain shareholder reports and communications; (ii) preparation of certain reports and filings with the SEC; (iii) certain net asset value (“NAV”) computation services; and (iv) such other services for the Fund as may be mutually agreed upon between the Fund and [    ]. For its services, [    ] receives such fees as are agreed upon from time to time between the parties. In addition, [    ] is reimbursed by the Fund for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with its services.

Transfer Agent

[[    ], [    ] serves as the Fund’s transfer and dividend disbursing agent. Under its transfer agency agreement with the Fund, [    ] has undertaken with respect to the Fund to: (i) record the issuance, transfer and repurchase of shares; (ii) provide purchase and repurchase confirmations and quarterly statements, as well as certain other statements; (iii) provide certain information to the Fund’s custodian and the relevant subcustodian in connection with repurchases; (iv) provide dividend crediting and certain disbursing agent services; (v) maintain shareholder accounts; (vi) provide certain state Blue Sky and other information; (vii) provide shareholders and certain regulatory authorities with tax-related information; (viii) respond to shareholder inquiries; and (ix) render certain other miscellaneous services.

 

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For its transfer agency and dividend disbursing services, [     ] is entitled to receive a transfer agency fee equal, on an annualized basis, to [     ]% of average daily net assets with respect to each class of Shares. [     ] may pay to certain intermediaries who perform transfer agent services to shareholders a networking or sub-transfer agent fee. These payments will be made from the transfer agency fees noted above and in the Fund’s Prospectus.]

Legal Counsel

The Board has engaged Dechert LLP, located at 1095 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10036, to serve as the Fund’s legal counsel.

Activities of Goldman Sachs and Its Affiliates and Other Accounts Managed by Goldman Sachs

The involvement of the Investment Adviser, Goldman Sachs and their affiliates in the management of, or their interest in, other accounts and other activities of Goldman Sachs will present conflicts of interest with respect to the Fund and will, under certain circumstances, limit the Fund’s investment activities. Goldman Sachs is a worldwide, full service investment banking, broker dealer, asset management and financial services organization and a major participant in global financial markets that provides a wide range of financial services to a substantial and diversified client base that includes corporations, financial institutions, governments and high-net-worth individuals. As such, it acts as an investor, investment banker, research provider, investment manager, financier, adviser, market maker, trader, prime broker, derivatives dealer, lender, counterparty, agent and principal. In those and other capacities, Goldman Sachs and its affiliates advise clients in all markets and transactions and purchase, sell, hold and recommend a broad array of investments, including securities, derivatives, loans, commodities, currencies, credit default swaps, indices, baskets and other financial instruments and products for their own accounts or for the accounts of their customers and have other direct and indirect interests in the global fixed income, currency, commodity, equities, bank loans and other markets in which the Fund directly and indirectly invests. Thus, it is expected that the Fund will have multiple business relationships with and will invest in, engage in transactions with, make voting decisions with respect to, or obtain services from entities for which Goldman Sachs and its affiliates perform or seek to perform investment banking or other services. The Investment Adviser and/or certain of its affiliates are the managers of the Goldman Sachs Funds. The Investment Adviser and its affiliates earn fees from this and other relationships with the Fund. Although management fees paid by the Fund to the Investment Adviser and certain other fees paid to the Investment Adviser’s affiliates are based on asset levels, the fees are not directly contingent on Fund performance, and the Investment Adviser and its affiliates will still receive significant compensation from the Fund even if shareholders lose money. Goldman Sachs and its affiliates engage in proprietary trading and advise accounts and funds which have investment objectives similar to those of the Fund and/or which engage in and compete for transactions in the same types of securities, currencies and instruments as the Fund. Goldman Sachs and its affiliates will not have any obligation to make available any information regarding their proprietary activities or strategies, or the activities or strategies used for other accounts managed by them, for the benefit of the management of the Fund. The results of the Fund’s investment activities, therefore, will likely differ from those of Goldman Sachs, its affiliates and other accounts managed by Goldman Sachs, and it is possible that the Fund could sustain losses during periods in which Goldman Sachs and its affiliates and other accounts achieve significant profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. In addition, the Fund may enter into transactions in which Goldman Sachs and its affiliates or their other clients have an adverse interest. For example, the Fund may take a long position in a security at the same time that Goldman Sachs and its affiliates or other accounts managed by the Investment Adviser take a short position in the same security (or vice versa). These and other transactions undertaken by Goldman Sachs, its affiliates or Goldman Sachs-advised clients may, individually or in the aggregate, adversely impact the Fund. Transactions by one or more Goldman Sachs-advised clients or the Investment Adviser may have the effect of diluting or otherwise disadvantaging the values, prices or investment strategies of the Fund. The Fund’s activities will, under certain circumstances, be limited because of regulatory restrictions applicable to Goldman Sachs and its affiliates, and/or their internal policies designed to comply with such restrictions. As a global financial services firm, Goldman Sachs and its affiliates also provide a wide range of investment banking and financial services to issuers of securities and investors in securities. Goldman Sachs, its affiliates and others associated with it are expected to create markets or specialize in, have positions in and/or effect transactions in, securities of issuers held by the Fund, and will likely also perform or seek to perform investment banking and financial services for one or more of those issuers. Goldman Sachs and its affiliates are expected to have

 

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business relationships with and purchase or distribute or sell services or products from or to distributors, consultants or others who recommend the Fund or who engage in transactions with or for the Fund. For more information about conflicts of interest, see the section entitled “Potential Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI.

The Fund will, from time to time, make brokerage and other payments to Goldman Sachs and its affiliates in connection with the Fund’s portfolio investment transactions, in accordance with applicable law.

[The Fund may retain an affiliate of the investment adviser to serve as a securities lending agent for the Fund. For these services, the lending agent would be entitled to receive a fee from the Fund, including a fee based on the returns earned on such Fund’s investment of the cash received as collateral for the loaned securities. The Board would periodically review reports on portfolio securities loan transactions for which an affiliated lending agent has acted as lending agent.]

The Fund’s investment objective and investment strategies are similar to those of other accounts managed or sponsored by Goldman Sachs (“Accounts”), and an investment appropriate for the Fund may also be appropriate for those Accounts. This creates potential conflicts in allocating investment opportunities among the Fund and such other Accounts, particularly in circumstances where the availability of such investment opportunities is limited, where the liquidity of such investment opportunities is limited or where co-investments by the Fund and other Accounts are not permitted under applicable law.

The Fund is prohibited under the 1940 Act from participating in certain transactions with its affiliates without the prior approval of the Fund’s independent Trustees and, in some cases, of the SEC. Any person that owns, directly or indirectly, five percent or more of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities will be the Fund’s affiliate for purposes of the 1940 Act, and the Fund is generally prohibited from buying or selling any assets from or to, or entering into certain “joint” transactions with such affiliates, absent the prior approval of the Fund’s independent Trustees. The Investment Adviser and its affiliates, including persons that control, or are under common control with, the Fund or the Investment Adviser, are also considered the Fund’s affiliates under the 1940 Act, and the Fund is generally prohibited from buying or selling any assets from or to, or entering into “joint” transactions with, such affiliates without exemptive relief from the SEC.

Subject to applicable law, the Fund may invest alongside Goldman Sachs and its Accounts. In certain circumstances, negotiated co-investments by the Fund and other funds managed by the Investment Adviser (including certain BDCs) may be made only pursuant to an order from the SEC permitting the Fund to do so. The Fund may rely on an exemptive order from the SEC that permits the Fund to participate in negotiated co-investment transactions with certain affiliated funds, whose investment adviser is GSAM, in a manner consistent with its investment objectives, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions, as well as regulatory requirements and pursuant to the conditions required by the exemptive relief. Pursuant to the exemptive relief, the Board may establish criteria, which may be amended, rescinded, suspended or qualified by the Board at any time, describing the characteristics of potential investments that would be within the Fund’s then-current investment objectives and strategies that GSAM should consider as appropriate for co-investment for the Fund and other funds managed by the Investment Adviser. As a result of such order, there could be significant overlap in the Fund’s investment portfolio and the investment portfolios of other funds managed by the Investment Adviser. Pursuant to the exemptive order, among other things the Fund’s independent Trustees must not have any direct or indirect financial interest in the co-investment transaction. Such limitation may restrict the availability of investment opportunities due to the financial interests of the Fund’s independent Trustees. For purposes of this limitation, the Fund does not view an independent Trustee’s investment in an unaffiliated investment vehicle that invests in an investment held by the Fund as an indirect financial interest in a co-investment transaction.

The Fund may also invest alongside other Accounts advised by the Investment Adviser and its affiliates in certain circumstances where doing so is consistent with applicable law and SEC staff guidance and interpretations. For example, the Fund may invest alongside such Accounts consistent with guidance promulgated by the staff of the SEC permitting the Fund and such other Accounts to purchase interests in a single class of privately placed securities so long as certain conditions are met, including that the Investment Adviser, acting on the Fund’s behalf and on behalf of its other clients, negotiates no term other than price. The Fund may also invest alongside the Investment Adviser’s other clients as otherwise permissible under SEC staff guidance and interpretations, applicable regulations and the allocation policy of the Investment Adviser.

 

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To address these potential conflicts, the Investment Adviser has developed allocation policies and procedures that provide that personnel of the Investment Adviser making portfolio decisions for Accounts will make purchase and sale decisions and allocate investment opportunities among Accounts consistent with its fiduciary obligations. To the extent permitted by applicable law, these policies and procedures may result in the pro rata allocation of limited opportunities across eligible Accounts managed by a particular portfolio management team, but in many other cases the allocations reflect numerous other factors as described below. There will be cases where certain Accounts receive an allocation of an investment opportunity when the Fund does not and vice versa.

Personnel of the Investment Adviser involved in decision-making for Accounts may make allocation related decisions for the Fund and other Accounts by reference to one or more factors, including: the Account’s portfolio and its investment horizons, objectives, guidelines and restrictions (including legal and regulatory restrictions); strategic fit and other portfolio management considerations, including different desired levels of investment for different strategies; the expected future capacity of the applicable Accounts; cash and liquidity considerations; and the availability of other appropriate investment opportunities. Suitability considerations, reputational matters and other considerations may also be considered. The application of these considerations may cause differences in the performance of different Accounts that have similar strategies. In addition, in some cases the Investment Adviser may make investment recommendations to Accounts where the Accounts make the investment independently of the Investment Adviser, which may result in a reduction in the availability of the investment opportunity for other Accounts (including the Fund) irrespective of the Investment Adviser’s policies regarding allocation of investments. Additional information about the Investment Adviser’s allocation policies is set forth in Item 6 (“Performance-based Fees and Side-by-Side Management—Side-by-Side Management of Advisory Accounts; Allocation of Opportunities”) of the Investment Adviser’s Form ADV.

Control Person

To provide the initial capitalization of the Fund, [    ], an affiliate of Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, purchased Class [    ] Shares from the Fund in an amount sufficient to satisfy the Fund’s net worth requirements under Section 14(a) of the 1940 Act. Accordingly, [    ] may be deemed to control the Fund until such time as it owns less than 25% of the outstanding Shares. However, it is anticipated that [    ] will no longer be a control person once the reorganization with the Predecessor Fund is consummated.

As of [    ], [    ] owned [of record or beneficially] [    ]% of the outstanding shares of the Predecessor Fund and is expected to own 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund as of the effective date of this prospectus.

LEVERAGE

The Fund may borrow funds or otherwise utilize leverage for a variety of purposes, subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act, as part of the Fund’s investment program, to meet other short-term liquidity needs, including payment of fees and expenses, and to facilitate the Fund’s hedging activities. The terms of the indebtedness incurred by the Fund may require the Fund to maintain minimum average balances in connection with borrowings or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit. Either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. The 1940 Act requires a registered investment company to satisfy an asset coverage requirement of 300% of its indebtedness, including amounts borrowed and guaranteed, measured at the time the indebtedness is incurred. This means that the value of the Fund’s total indebtedness may not exceed one-third of the value of its total assets, including the value of the assets purchased with the proceeds of its indebtedness measured at the time the indebtedness is incurred. The Fund may also utilize indebtedness in excess of such limit for temporary purposes such as the settlement of transactions.

The Fund may use leverage opportunistically, though not at all times, and may choose to increase or decrease its leverage, or use different types or combinations of leveraging instruments, based on the Investment Adviser’s assessment of market conditions and the investment environment, and the costs that the Fund would incur as a result of such leverage. There is no assurance that the Fund will utilize any form or combination of leverage.

Lenders in respect of any indebtedness of the Fund would have the right to receive interest on and repayment of principal of any such indebtedness, which right will be senior to those of the shareholders. If the Fund utilizes indebtedness, the shareholders will bear the offering costs of the issuance of any indebtedness. In addition, the Fund

 

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expects that any credit facility that it enters into, or any notes that it issues, would contain provisions limiting certain activities of the Fund, including payments to shareholders in certain circumstances. The Fund may be required to pledge all or a portion of its assets under the terms of any such credit facility.

The use of leverage can create risks. Changes in the value of the Fund’s portfolio, including securities bought with the proceeds of leverage, will be borne entirely by the shareholders. If there is a net decrease or increase in the value of the Fund’s investment portfolio, leverage will decrease or increase, as the case may be, the NAV to a greater extent than if the Fund did not utilize leverage. A reduction in the Fund’s NAV, market price and distributions may cause a reduction in the market price of its Shares. Certain types of leverage by the Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements.

In addition, the Fund may invest in derivatives, reverse repurchase agreements and economically similar transactions that have economic characteristics similar to leverage. To the extent the terms of such transactions obligate the Fund to make payments, the Fund intends to earmark or segregate cash or liquid securities to cover its obligations in accordance with applicable interpretations of the staff of the SEC. Such segregation or cover is intended to provide the Fund with available assets to satisfy its obligations under such transactions. As a result of such segregation or cover, the Fund’s obligations under such transactions will not be considered senior securities representing indebtedness for purposes of the 1940 Act, or included in calculating the aggregate amount of the Fund’s financial leverage. However, these transactions, even if covered, may represent a form of economic leverage and will create risks. To the extent that the Fund’s obligations under such transactions are not so segregated or covered, such obligations may be considered “senior securities representing indebtedness” under the 1940 Act and therefore subject to asset coverage requirements.

The Fund’s willingness to utilize leverage, and the amount of leverage the Fund will assume, will depend on many factors, the most important of which are market conditions and interest rates. Successful use of a leveraging strategy may depend on the Fund’s ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements, and there is no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be successful during any period in which it is employed.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND

Description of Shares

The Fund is an unincorporated statutory trust organized under the laws of Delaware pursuant to a Certificate of Trust and a Declaration of Trust, each dated as of December 2, 2019. The Fund’s Declaration of Trust authorizes the issuance of an unlimited number of Shares of beneficial interest of each class. If and whenever Preferred Shares are outstanding, the holders of Shares will not be entitled to receive any distributions from the Fund unless all accrued dividends on Preferred Shares have been paid, unless asset coverage (as defined in the 1940 Act) with respect to Preferred Shares would be at least 200% after giving effect to the distributions and unless certain other requirements imposed by any rating agencies rating the Preferred Shares have been met. Subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Shares, each Shares will be entitled to receive, according to its respective rights, a pro rata portion of the Fund’s assets available for distribution for the applicable class. Shares have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights. Each whole Share will be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional Share will be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote. However, to the extent required by the 1940 Act or otherwise determined by the Board, classes of the Fund will vote separately from each other. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board shall have the power to repurchase Shares and provide shareholders with the right to exchange Shares of any class for Shares of one or more other classes in the manner and on the terms described herein.

The Board may classify or reclassify any issued or unissued Shares of the Fund into shares of any class by redesignating such Shares or by setting or changing in any one or more respects, from time to time, the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications, or terms or conditions of repurchase of such Shares. Any such classification or reclassification will comply with the provisions of the Declaration of Trust and the 1940 Act. Any additional offerings of shares, including Preferred Shares, will require approval by the Fund’s Board. Any additional offering of Shares will be subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, which provides that shares may not be issued at a price below the then current NAV, exclusive of sales load, except in connection with an offering to existing holders of Shares or with the consent of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities.

 

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Preferred Shares. Although the Fund has no intention of issuing preferred Shares (“Preferred Shares”) within one year of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund may offer Preferred Shares as a means of providing leverage to the Fund as a means of providing leverage to the Fund in an aggregate amount of up to 50% of the Fund’s Managed Assets immediately after such issuance. Shareholders will not have any preemptive rights to purchase any Preferred Shares that may be issued.

Furthermore, while any Preferred Shares or debt securities are outstanding, the Fund may be prohibited from making distributions to shareholders unless it meets the applicable asset coverage ratio at the time of the distribution.

By way of clarification, Preferred Shares are not considered “Shares,” as such term is used in this prospectus.

Distributions

The Fund must distribute in each taxable year at least 90% of its net investment income (including net interest income and net short-term gain) to qualify for the special tax treatment available to RICs. The Fund is also required to distribute annually substantially all of its income and capital gain, if any, to avoid imposition of a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax. Prohibitions on dividends and other distributions on the Shares could impair the Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC under the Code.

If the Fund is precluded from making distributions on the Shares because of any applicable asset coverage requirements, the terms of the preferred shares (if any) may provide that any amounts so precluded from being distributed, but required to be distributed for the Fund to meet the distribution requirements for qualification as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, will be paid to the holders of the preferred shares as a special distribution. This distribution can be expected to decrease the amount that holders of preferred shares would be entitled to receive upon redemption or liquidation of the shares.

If the Fund failed to qualify as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes or failed to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement in any taxable year, the Fund would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income, including its net capital gain, even if such income were distributed to its Shareholders, and all distributions out of earnings and profits would be taxed to Shareholders as ordinary dividend income. Requalifying as a RIC could subject the Fund to significant tax costs. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the SAI.

The Fund currently intends to make regular quarterly cash distributions of all or a portion of its net investment income to Shareholders. In addition, the Fund may occasionally make a distribution at a time when it is not normally made. The Fund will pay Shareholders at least annually all or substantially all of its net investment income after the payment of interest, fees or dividends, if any, owed with respect to any forms of leverage used by the Fund. The Fund intends to pay any capital gains distributions at least annually.

The U.S. federal income tax treatment and characterization of the Fund’s distributions may vary significantly from time to time because of the varied nature of the Fund’s investments. In light of the Fund’s investment policies, the Fund anticipates that the 1940 Act will require it to accompany each quarterly distribution with a statement setting forth the estimated source (as between net income, capital gains and return of capital) of the distribution made. The Fund will indicate the proportion of its capital gains distributions that constitute long-term and short-term gains annually. The ultimate U.S. federal income tax characterization of the Fund’s distributions made in a calendar or fiscal year cannot finally be determined until after the end of that taxable year. As a result, there is a possibility that the Fund may make total distributions during a calendar or taxable year in an amount that exceeds the Fund’s net investment company taxable income and net capital gains for the relevant taxable year. In such situations, if a distribution exceeds the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes), such distribution would generally be treated as a tax-free return of capital reducing the amount of a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shareholder’s Shares. When you sell your Shares in the Fund, the amount, if any, by which your sales price exceeds your basis in the Fund’s Shares is gain subject to tax. Because a return of capital reduces your basis in the Shares, it will increase the amount of your gain or decrease the amount of your loss when you sell the Shares, all other things being equal. To the extent that the amount of any return of capital distribution exceeds the Shareholder’s basis in such Shareholder’s Shares, the excess will be treated as gain from a sale or exchange of the Shares. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the SAI.

 

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Various factors affect the level of the Fund’s income, including the asset mix, the average maturity of the Fund’s portfolio, the amount of leverage used by the Fund and the Fund’s use of hedging. To permit the Fund to maintain a more stable quarterly distribution, the Fund may from time to time distribute less than the entire amount of income earned in a particular period. The undistributed income would be available to supplement future distributions. As a result, the distributions paid by the Fund for any particular quarterly period may be more or less than the amount of income actually earned by the Fund during that period. Undistributed income will add to the Fund’s NAV (and indirectly benefit the Adviser by increasing its fees) and, correspondingly, distributions from undistributed income will reduce the Fund’s NAV.

Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act and Rule 19b-1 thereunder generally limit the Fund to one long-term capital gain distribution per year, subject to certain exceptions.

Dividend Reinvestment Plan

Under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan for the Fund, dividends and/or distributions to a holder of a class of Shares will automatically be reinvested in additional Shares of the same class of the Fund. Each registered shareholder may elect to have dividends and distributions distributed in cash (i.e., “opt-out”) rather than participate in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan. For any registered shareholder that does not so elect (each, a “Participant” and collectively, “Participants”), dividends and/or distributions on such shareholder’s Shares will be reinvested by [•] (the “Plan Agent”), as agent for shareholders in administering the Dividend Reinvestment Plan, in additional Shares, as set forth below. Participation in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan is completely voluntary, and may be terminated or resumed at any time without penalty by Internet, telephone or written notice if received and processed by the Plan Agent prior to the dividend record rate; otherwise such termination or resumption will be effective with respect to any subsequently declared dividend or other distribution. Participants who hold their shares through a broker or other nominee and who wish to elect to receive any dividends and distributions in cash must contact their broker or nominee.

The Plan Agent will open an account for each holder of a class of Shares under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan in the same name in which such holder of such Shares is registered. Whenever the Fund declares a dividend or other distribution (together, a “Dividend”) payable in cash, non-participants in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan will receive cash and Participants will receive the equivalent in Common Shares of the share class in which the Participant is invested.

The Plan Agent maintains all Participants’ accounts in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan and furnishes written confirmation of all transactions in the accounts, including information needed by Participants for tax records. Common Shares in the account of each Participant will be held by the Plan Agent on behalf of the Participant in book entry form in the Plan Agent’s name or the Plan Agent’s nominee. Each shareholder proxy will include those Common Shares purchased or received pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan. The Plan Agent will forward all proxy solicitation materials to Participants and vote proxies for Common Shares held under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan in accordance with the instructions of the Participants.

In the case of shareholders such as banks, brokers or nominees which hold Shares for others who are the beneficial owners, the Plan Agent will administer the Dividend Reinvestment Plan on the basis of the number of Common Shares certified from time to time by the record shareholder and held for the account of beneficial owners who participate in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan.

Any stock dividends or split of Common Shares distributed by the Fund on Common Shares held by the Plan Agent for Participants will be credited to their accounts. In the event that the Fund makes available to its shareholders rights to purchase additional Common Shares or other securities, the Common Shares held for each Participant under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan will be added to other Common Shares held by the Participant in calculating the number of rights to be issued to each Participant.

 

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The Plan Agent’s fees for the handling of the reinvestment of dividends and distributions will be paid by the Fund.] The automatic reinvestment of Dividends will not relieve Participants of any Federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or required to be withheld) on such dividend.

Each Participant may terminate his or her account under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan by so notifying the Plan Agent by telephone, through the Internet or in writing prior to the dividend record date. Such termination will be effective immediately if received by the Plan Agent prior to any dividend or distribution record date; otherwise such termination or resumption will be effective with respect to any subsequently declared dividend or other distribution. Upon any withdrawal or termination, the Plan Agent will cause to be delivered to each terminating Participant a statement of holdings for the appropriate number of the Fund’s whole book-entry Common Shares and a check for the cash adjustment of any fractional share at the market value per Common Share as of the close of business on the day the termination is effective less any applicable fee.

The Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the Dividend Reinvestment Plan upon notice in writing to each Participant at least 30 days prior to any record date for the payment of any dividend or distribution by the Fund. There is no direct service charge to Participants with regard to purchases in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan; however, the Fund reserves the right to amend the Dividend Reinvestment Plan to include a service charge payable by the Participants. Notice will be sent to Participants of any amendments as soon as practicable after such action by the Fund.

All correspondence from a registered owner of Common Shares concerning the Dividend Reinvestment Plan should be directed to the Plan Agent at 1-800-526-7384 or Goldman Sachs Funds, P.O. Box 219711, Kansas City, MO 64121. Participants who hold their Common Shares through a broker or other nominee should direct correspondence or questions concerning the Dividend Reinvestment Plan to their broker or nominee.

Conversion to Open-End Fund

The Trustees may at any time propose conversion of the Fund to an open-end management investment company depending upon their judgment as to the advisability of such action in light of circumstances then prevailing. In considering whether to submit an open-ending proposal to shareholders, the Trustees might consider, among other factors, any differences in operating expenses between open-end and a closed-end fund like the Fund (due to the expenses of standing ready to effect redemptions), the potentially adverse tax consequences to non-redeeming shareholders once a fund is open-ended, the liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio and the impact of open-ending on portfolio management policies. Approval of conversion of the Fund to an open-end investment company requires: either (a) approval by not less than seventy-five percent (75%) of Shares of each class outstanding, voting separately, or (b) approval by a majority of the Trustees, followed by approval by a majority of outstanding Shares. Such approval is in addition to any vote or consent of the shareholders otherwise required by law. Shareholders of an open-end investment company may require the company to redeem their shares at any time (except in certain circumstances as authorized by or under the 1940 Act) at their next computed NAV less any redemption charge as might be in effect at the time of redemption. If the Fund is converted to an open-end management investment company, it could be required to liquidate portfolio securities to meet requests for redemption. The Fund may have to limit its holdings of illiquid investments and the inflows and outflows of open-end fund shares may alter the options strategies that the Fund may use. If the Fund were to experience significant redemptions as an open-end fund, the decrease in total assets could result in a higher expense ratio and inefficiencies in portfolio management. In this regard, the Fund could reserve the right to effect redemptions in-kind with portfolio securities, which would subject redeeming shareholders to transaction costs in liquidating those securities. The Fund may also impose a redemption fee.

Unlisted Closed-End Interval Fund Structure

The Fund is organized as a continuously offered, diversified closed-end management investment company. Closed-end funds differ from open-end funds in that the shareholders of closed-end funds do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not anticipate that any secondary market will develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. Accordingly, an investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, should not be considered to be a liquid investment. In order to provide some liquidity to shareholders, the Fund is operated as an “interval fund” and will conduct quarterly repurchase offers for a limited amount of the Fund’s Shares (expected to be 5%).

 

 

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The Fund believes that an unlisted closed-end structure is appropriate in light of the long-term nature of the Fund’s strategy and the characteristics of its portfolio because, among other things, certain features of open-end funds (such as daily redemptions, which can necessitate the premature sale of investments) could limit the Fund’s flexibility in implementing its investment strategy. Accordingly, an unlisted closed-end structure is expected to help the Fund achieve its investment objective. The Fund’s NAV per Share may be volatile. As the Shares are not traded, investors will not be able to dispose of their investment in the Fund regardless of the Fund’s performance.

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

The Fund is offering on a continuous basis up to $[    ] of Shares of beneficial interest of the Fund. As discussed below in the “Shareholder Guide” section, certain classes of Shares are subject to initial sales loads and/or contingent deferred sales charges. The minimum initial investment for each class of Shares is also described in the “Shareholder Guide” section. Shares are being offered through Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (“GS&Co.” or the “Distributor”) at an offering price equal to the Fund’s then current NAV per Share plus any applicable sales charge.

If you purchase the Fund through an Intermediary, the Fund and/or its related companies may pay the Intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your Intermediary’s website for more information.

Each prospective investor in the Fund should obtain the advice of his, her or its own legal, accounting, tax and other advisers in reviewing documents pertaining to an investment in the Fund, including but not limited to, this prospectus, the SAI and the Fund’s form of subscription agreement before deciding to invest in the Fund.

The Fund’s form of subscription agreement is governed by the laws of the State of Delaware. The Delaware courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction in relation to the subscription agreement.

The Fund and the Distributor will have the sole right to accept orders to purchase Shares and reserve the right to reject any purchase order in whole or in part. Shareholders will not have the right to redeem their Shares. No market currently exists for the Fund’s Shares. The Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any securities exchange, and does not anticipate that a secondary market will develop for its Shares. The Fund operates as an “interval fund,” a type of fund which, in order to provide some liquidity to shareholders, will make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is possible that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Accordingly, you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment. In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and shareholders to special risks. See “Principal Risks of the Fund—Repurchase Offers Risk.”

The address of GS&Co. is 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282.

SHAREHOLDER GUIDE

The following section will provide you with answers to some of the most frequently asked questions regarding buying and selling the Fund’s Shares.

HOW TO BUY SHARES

Shares Offering

Each class of Shares of the Fund is continuously offered through the Distributor. The Fund and the Distributor will have the sole right to accept orders to purchase shares and reserve the right to reject any purchase order in whole or in part. No market currently exists for the Fund’s Shares. The Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any securities exchange, and does not anticipate that a secondary market will develop for its Shares. Neither the Investment Adviser, nor the Distributor, intends to make a market in the Fund’s Shares.

 

 

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The Fund offers Class A shares, Class C shares, Class I shares, Class L shares, and Class W shares through different prospectuses. The decision as to which class to purchase depends on the amount you invest, the intended length of the investment and your personal situation. You should contact the Intermediary through whom you purchased your Shares to discuss which share class option is right for you. Note: Intermediaries may receive different compensation for selling different share classes.

How Can I Purchase Shares Of The Fund?

You may purchase shares of the Fund through certain intermediaries that have a relationship with GS&Co., including banks, trust companies, brokers, registered investment advisers and other financial institutions (“Intermediaries”). Certain Intermediaries have been authorized by the Fund to accept purchase or repurchase orders on behalf of the Fund for their customers (“Authorized Institutions”), and if approved by the Fund, may designate other financial intermediaries to accept such orders. You should contact your Intermediary to learn whether it is authorized to accept orders on behalf of the Fund (i.e., an Authorized Institution). In order to make an initial investment in the Fund you must furnish to your Intermediary the information in the account application.

To open an account, contact your Intermediary. Customers of an Intermediary will normally give their order instructions to the Intermediary, and the Intermediary will, in turn, place the order with the Transfer Agent. Intermediaries are responsible for transmitting accepted orders and payments to the Transfer Agent within the time period agreed upon by them and will set times by which orders and payments must be received by them from their customers. The Fund, Transfer Agent, Investment Adviser and their affiliates will not be responsible for any loss in connection with orders that are not transmitted to the Transfer Agent by an Intermediary on a timely basis.

The Fund will be deemed to have received an order for purchase or repurchase of Fund Shares when the order is accepted in “proper form” by the Transfer Agent (or, if applicable, by an Authorized Institution) on a business day, and the order will be priced at the Fund’s current NAV per share (adjusted for any applicable sales charge) next determined after acceptance by the Transfer Agent (or, if applicable, by an Authorized Institution). For shareholders that place trades directly with the Fund’s Transfer Agent, proper form generally means that specific trade details and customer identifying information must be received by the Transfer Agent at the time an order is submitted. Intermediaries of the Fund may have different requirements regarding what constitutes proper form for trade instructions. Please contact your Intermediary for more information.

For purchases by check, the Fund will not accept checks drawn on foreign banks, third party checks, temporary checks, cash or cash equivalents; e.g., cashier’s checks, official bank checks, money orders, traveler’s cheques or credit card checks. In limited situations involving the transfer of retirement assets, the Fund may accept cashier’s checks or official bank checks.

What Is My Minimum Investment In The Fund?

The following investment minimums must be met with respect to investments in each class of Shares (as applicable):

 

     Initial      Additional  

Regular Accounts

   $ 2,500      $ 1,000  

Retirement Plan Accounts

     1,000        1,000  

Automatic Investment Plan Accounts

     250        100  

The minimum investment requirement for each class may be waived for: (i) GS&Co. or its affiliates (including the Fund) or their respective Trustees, officers, partners, directors or employees (including retired employees and former partners), as well as certain individuals related to such investors, including spouses or domestic partners, minor children including those of their domestic partners, other family members residing in the same household, and/or financial dependents, provided that all of the above are designated as such with an Intermediary or the Fund’s Transfer Agent; (ii) advisory clients of Goldman Sachs Private Wealth Management and accounts for which The Goldman Sachs Trust Company, N.A. acts in a fiduciary capacity (i.e., as agent or trustee); (iii) certain “wrap” programs at the discretion of the Fund’s officers; and (iv) other investors at the discretion of the Fund’s officers. No minimum amount is required for additional investments in such accounts.

 

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What Should I Know When I Purchase Shares Through An Intermediary?

If shares of the Fund are held in an account maintained and serviced by your Intermediary, all recordkeeping, transaction processing and payments of distributions relating to your account will be performed by your Intermediary, and not by the Fund and its Transfer Agent. Since the Fund will have no record of your transactions, you should contact your Intermediary to purchase or repurchase shares, to make changes in or give instructions concerning your account or to obtain information about your account. The transfer of shares from an account with one Intermediary to an account with another Intermediary involves special procedures and may require you to obtain historical purchase information about the shares in the account from your Intermediary. If your Intermediary’s relationship with GS&Co. is terminated, and you do not transfer your account to another Intermediary, the Fund reserves the right to repurchase your shares. The Fund will not be responsible for any loss in an investor’s account or tax liability resulting from such a repurchase.

Intermediaries that invest in shares on behalf of their customers may charge brokerage commissions or other fees directly to their customer accounts in connection with their investments. You should contact your Intermediary for information regarding such charges, as these fees, if any, may affect the return such customers realize with respect to their investments.

The Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may make payments or provide services to Intermediaries to promote the sale, distribution and/or servicing of shares of the Fund and other funds managed by the Investment Adviser and/or certain of its advisory affiliates (“Goldman Sachs Funds”). These payments are made out of the Investment Adviser’s, Distributor’s and/or their affiliates’ own assets, and are not an additional charge to the Fund. The payments are in addition to the distribution and service fees and sales charges described in the Prospectus. Such payments are intended to compensate Intermediaries for, among other things: marketing shares of the Fund and other Goldman Sachs Funds, which may consist of payments relating to the Fund’s inclusion on preferred or recommended fund lists or in certain sales programs sponsored by the Intermediaries; access to the Intermediaries’ registered representatives or salespersons, including at conferences and other meetings; assistance in training and education of personnel; marketing support; the provision of analytical or other data to the Investment Adviser or its affiliates relating to sales of shares of the Fund and other Goldman Sachs Funds; and/or other specified services intended to assist in the distribution and marketing of the Fund and other Goldman Sachs Funds, including provision of consultative services to the Investment Adviser or its affiliates relating to marketing and/or sale of shares of the Fund and other Goldman Sachs Funds. The payments may also, to the extent permitted by applicable regulations, sponsor various sponsor various trainings and educational programs and reimburse investors for certain expenses incurred in connection with accessing the Fund through portal arrangements. The payments by the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates, which are in addition to the fees paid for these services by the Fund, may also compensate Intermediaries for sub-accounting, sub-transfer agency, administrative and/or shareholder processing services. These additional payments may exceed amounts earned on these assets by the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates for the performance of these or similar services. The amount of these additional payments is normally not expected to exceed 0.50% (annualized) of the amount sold or invested through the Intermediaries. In addition, certain Intermediaries may have access to certain services from the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates, including research reports and economic analysis, and portfolio analysis tools. In certain cases, the Intermediaries may not pay for these services. Please refer to the “Payments to Intermediaries” section of the SAI for more information about these payments and services.

The payments made by the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates and the services provided by an Intermediary may differ for different Intermediaries. The presence of these payments, receipt of these services and the basis on which an Intermediary compensates its registered representatives or salespersons may create an incentive for a particular Intermediary, registered representative or salesperson to highlight, feature or recommend the Fund based, at least in part, on the level of compensation paid. You should contact your Intermediary for more information about the payments it receives and any potential conflicts of interest.

 

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You may be required to pay a commission directly to a broker or financial intermediary for effecting transactions in Class I Shares. In addition to Class I Shares, the Fund also offers other classes of shares to investors. Not all Intermediaries offer all classes of shares. These other share classes are subject to different fees and expenses (which affect performance) and are entitled to different services than Class I Shares. Information regarding these other share classes is included in the Prospectus for the applicable share class and may also be obtained from your Intermediary (if your Intermediary offers more than one class of shares) or from GS&Co. by calling the number on the back cover of the Prospectus.

What Else Should I Know About Share Purchases?

The Fund reserves the right to:

 

   

Refuse to open an account or require an Intermediary to refuse to open an account if you fail to (i) provide a taxpayer identification number, a Social Security Number or other government-issued identification (e.g., for an individual, a driver’s license or passport); or (ii) certify that such number or other information is correct (if required to do so under applicable law).

 

   

Reject or restrict any purchase order by a particular purchaser (or group of related purchasers) for any reason in its discretion.

 

   

Close the Fund to new investors from time to time and reopen the Fund whenever it is deemed appropriate by the Investment Adviser.

 

   

Provide for, modify or waive the minimum investment requirements.

 

   

Modify the manner in which shares are offered.

 

   

Modify the sales charge rate applicable to future purchases of shares.

Shares of the Fund are only registered for sale in the United States and certain of its territories. Generally, shares of the Fund will only be offered or sold to “U.S. persons” and all offerings or other solicitation activities will be conducted within the United States, in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”).

The Fund may allow you to purchase shares through an Intermediary with securities instead of cash if consistent with the Fund’s investment policies and operations and approved by the Investment Adviser.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund and GS&Co. reserve the right to reject or restrict purchase requests from any investor. The Fund and GS&Co. will not be liable for any loss resulting from rejected purchase orders.

Please be advised that abandoned or unclaimed property laws for certain states (to which your account may be subject) require financial organizations to transfer (escheat) unclaimed property (including shares of the Fund) to the appropriate state if no activity occurs in an account for a period of time specified by state law.

Customer Identification Program. Federal law requires the Fund to obtain, verify and record identifying information for certain investors, which will be reviewed solely for customer identification purposes, which may include the name, residential or business street address, date of birth (for an individual), Social Security Number or taxpayer identification number or other information for each investor who opens an account directly with the Fund. Applications without the required information may not be accepted by the Fund. Throughout the life of your account, the Fund may request updated identifying information in accordance with their Customer Identification Program. After accepting an application, to the extent permitted by applicable law or their Customer Identification Program, the Fund reserves the right to: (i) place limits on transactions in any account until the identity of the investor is verified; (ii) refuse an investment in the Fund; or (iii) involuntarily repurchase an investor’s shares and close an account in the event that the Fund is unable to verify an investor’s identity or are unable to obtain all required information. The Fund and its agents will not be responsible for any loss or tax liability in an investor’s account resulting from the investor’s delay in providing all required information or from closing an account and repurchasing an investor’s shares pursuant to their Customer Identification Program.

How Are Shares Priced?

The price you pay when you buy Shares is the Fund’s next-determined NAV per share (as adjusted for any applicable sales charge) after the Transfer Agent (or, if applicable, an Authorized Institution) has received and accepted your order in proper form. The price you receive when the Fund repurchases your Shares may be reduced by any applicable charges (e.g., CDSCs). The NAV per share of each class is generally calculated as follows:

 

NAV per Share =   

(Value of Assets of the Class)

– (Liabilities of the Class)

   Number of Outstanding Shares of the Class

 

 

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The Fund’s investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at market value on the basis of quotations provided by pricing services or securities dealers. If accurate quotations are not readily available, if the Fund’s fund accounting agent is unable for other reasons to facilitate pricing of individual securities or calculate the Fund’s NAV, or if the Investment Adviser believes that such quotations do not accurately reflect fair value, the fair value of the Fund’s investments may be determined in good faith under valuation procedures established by the Board. Thus, such pricing may be based on subjective judgments and it is possible that the prices resulting from such valuation procedures may differ materially from the value realized on a sale. Cases where there is no clear indication of the value of the Fund’s investments include, among others, situations where a security or other asset or liability does not have a price source or a price is unavailable.

Equity securities listed on an exchange are generally valued at the last available sale price on the exchange on which they are principally traded. To the extent the Fund invests in foreign equity securities, “fair value” prices will be provided by an independent third-party pricing (fair value) service in accordance with the fair value procedures approved by the Board. Fair value prices are used because many foreign markets operate at times that do not coincide with those of the major U.S. markets. Events that could affect the values of foreign portfolio holdings may occur between the close of the foreign market and the time of determining the NAV, and would not otherwise be reflected in the NAV.

Fixed income securities are generally valued on the basis of prices (including evaluated prices) and quotations provided by pricing services or securities dealers. Pricing services may use matrix pricing or valuation models, which utilize certain inputs and assumptions, including, but not limited to, yield or price with respect to comparable fixed income securities, to determine current value.

Investments in open-end registered investment companies (if any), excluding investments in ETFs, are valued based on the NAV of those open-end registered investment companies (which may use fair value pricing as discussed in their prospectuses). Investments in CEFs and ETFs will generally be valued at the last sale price or official closing price on the exchange on which they are principally traded.

If market quotations are not readily available (as is generally the case with respect to Private Investment Funds and other investment vehicles for which no secondary market exists (collectively, “Non-Traded Funds”) and certain loan investments, among other instruments), investments are valued at fair value as determined by the Board. As a general matter, fair value represents the amount that the Fund could reasonably expect to receive if the Fund’s investment in the security were sold at the time of valuation, based on information reasonably available at the time the valuation is made and that the Board believes to be reliable. The Board has delegated to the Fund’s Valuation Committee the day to day responsibility for determining these fair values in accordance with the policies it has approved, which acts under the Board’s supervision. Fair valuation involves subjective judgments, and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security may differ materially from the value that could be realized upon the sale of the security.

Valuation of Non-Traded Funds

The Fund expects to estimate the fair value of its investment in each Non-Traded Fund using the NAV provided by the general partner or manager of the Non-Traded Fund, which is expected to be calculated in a manner consistent with the principles of Financial Accounting Standards Board, Topic 946. To determine the NAV of the Fund with respect to investments in Non-Traded Funds, the Fund relies on information that it receives from the Non-Traded Fund, adjusted on a daily basis, based on market movement of proxy securities or indices. The Fund will consider whether any further adjustment is necessary based on available information, including additional information received from the Non-Traded Fund and any other information that the Investment Adviser deems pertinent.

The Board has approved procedures pursuant to which the Fund will value its investments and ensure that valuations of Non-Traded Fund interests meet the relevant criteria to rely on the practical expedient methodology. The Board has delegated to the Investment Adviser general responsibility for determining, in accordance with such procedures, the value of such investments. The Investment Adviser may rely upon any valuations provided to it by Non-Traded Funds, but is not obligated to do so. To the extent the Investment Adviser so relies, and the Non-Traded

 

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Fund does not fully and completely accrue for any taxes expected to be borne by entities under its control, the Investment Adviser will not be able to reflect such taxes in the audited financial statements it provides to shareholders. In addition, the Investment Adviser may or may not value the Non-Traded Funds consistently with how the same or similar investments are valued by Goldman Sachs. The Investment Adviser shall also have discretion to assess the Non-Traded Funds and to assign values as it believes are reasonable, and to adjust valuations of the Non-Traded Funds based on hedging activities undertaken by the Fund. The Investment Adviser shall also have the discretion to use other valuation methods that it determines, in its discretion, are fair and reasonable. Since there is no established market for Non-Traded Funds, the valuation of Non-Traded Funds is difficult and not without uncertainty and may not necessarily reflect the valuation of their respective underlying assets.

Valuation of Direct Originations

There generally will not be readily available market values for most of the direct originations of loans and other investments held in the Fund’s portfolio. Such investments are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees. The factors that may be taken into account in pricing these investments at fair value include, as relevant, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments and its earnings and discounted cash flow, and the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparison to publicly traded securities and other relevant factors. Available current market data are considered such as applicable market yields and multiples of publicly traded securities, comparison of financial ratios of peer companies, and changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets that may affect the price at which similar investments would trade in their principal market, and other relevant factors. When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Fund considers the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate or revise the Fund’s valuation.

With respect to direct originations, the valuation procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees contemplates a multi-step valuation, as described below:

 

  (1)

Each portfolio company or investment being initially valued by the investment professionals of the Investment Adviser responsible for the portfolio investment;

 

  (2)

The Board of Trustees also engages third-party valuation advisors (“Independent Valuation Advisors”) to periodically provide independent valuations of the investments for which market quotations are not readily available, or are readily available but deemed not reflective of the fair value of an investment. The Independent Valuation Advisors independently value such investments using quantitative and qualitative information provided by the investment professionals of the Investment Adviser as well as any market quotations obtained from independent pricing services, brokers, dealers or market dealers. The Independent Valuation Advisors also provide analyses to support their valuation methodology and calculations. The Independent Valuation Advisors provide an opinion on a final range of values on such investments to the Board of Trustees or the Audit Committee. The Independent Valuation Advisors define fair value in accordance with ASC 820 and utilize valuation approaches including the market approach, the income approach or both. A portion of the portfolio is reviewed on a quarterly basis, and all direct originations in the portfolio for which market quotations are not readily available, or are readily available, but deemed not reflective of the fair value of an investment, are reviewed at least annually by an Independent Valuation Advisor;

 

  (3)

The Independent Valuation Advisors’ preliminary valuations are reviewed by the Investment Adviser and the Valuation Oversight Group (“VOG”), a team that is part of the Controllers Department within the Finance Division of Goldman Sachs. The Independent Valuation Advisors’ ranges are compared to the Investment Adviser’s valuations to ensure the Investment Adviser’s valuations are reasonable. VOG presents the valuations to the Private Investment Valuation and Side Pocket Working Group of the Consumer and Investment Management Division Valuation Committee, which is comprised of representatives from the Investment Adviser who are independent of the investment making decision process;

 

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  (4)

The Consumer and Investment Management Division Valuation Committee ratifies fair valuations and makes recommendations to the Audit Committee or the Board of Directors;

 

  (5)

The Audit Committee or the Board of Directors reviews valuation information provided by the Consumer and Investment Management Division Valuation Committee, the Investment Adviser and the Independent Valuation Advisors. The Audit Committee or the Board then assesses such valuation recommendations; and

 

  (6)

The Board of Trustees discusses the valuations and, within the meaning of the Investment Company Act, determines the fair value of the investments in good faith, based on the input of the Investment Adviser, the Independent Valuation Advisors and the Audit Committee.

Other Information Regarding Valuation

In addition, the Investment Adviser, consistent with its procedures and applicable regulatory guidance, may (but need not) determine to make an adjustment to the previous closing prices of either domestic or foreign securities in light of significant events, to reflect what it believes to be the fair value of the securities at the time of determining the Fund’s NAV. Significant events that could affect a large number of securities in a particular market may include, but are not limited to: situations relating to one or more single issuers in a market sector; significant fluctuations in U.S. or foreign markets; market dislocations; market disruptions or unscheduled market closings; equipment failures; natural or man-made disasters or acts of God; armed conflicts; governmental actions or other developments; as well as the same or similar events which may affect specific issuers or the securities markets even though not tied directly to the securities markets. Other significant events that could relate to a single issuer may include, but are not limited to: corporate actions such as reorganizations, mergers and buy-outs; corporate announcements, including those relating to earnings, products and regulatory news; significant litigation; ratings downgrades; bankruptcies; and trading limits or suspensions.

One effect of using an independent third-party pricing (fair value) service and fair valuation may be to reduce stale pricing arbitrage opportunities presented by the pricing of Fund Shares. However, it involves the risk that the values used by the Fund to price its investments may be different from those used by other investment companies and investors to price the same investments.

Please note the following with respect to the price at which your transactions are processed:

 

   

NAV per share of each share class is generally calculated by the Fund’s fund accounting agent on each business day as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) or such other times as the New York Stock Exchange or NASDAQ market may officially close. This occurs after the determination, if any, of the income to be declared as a dividend. Fund Shares will generally not be priced on any day the New York Stock Exchange is closed, although Fund Shares may be priced on such days if the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (“SIFMA”) recommends that the bond markets remain open for all or part of the day.

 

   

On any business day when the SIFMA recommends that the bond markets close early, the Fund reserves the right to close at or prior to the SIFMA recommended closing time. If the Fund does so, it will cease granting same business day credit for purchase orders received after the Fund’s closing time and credit will be given on the next business day.

 

   

The Fund reserves the right to reprocess purchase (including dividend reinvestments) and repurchase transactions that were processed at a NAV that is subsequently adjusted, and to recover amounts from (or distribute amounts to) shareholders accordingly based on the official closing NAV, as adjusted.

 

   

The Fund reserves the right to advance the time by which purchase orders must be received for same business day credit as otherwise permitted by the SEC.

Consistent with industry practice, investment transactions not settling on the same day are recorded and factored into the Fund’s NAV on the business day following trade date (T+1). The use of T+1 accounting generally does not, but may, result in a NAV that differs materially from the NAV that would result if all transactions were reflected on their trade dates.

 

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Note: The time at which transactions and Shares are priced and the time by which orders must be received may be changed in case of an emergency or if regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange and/or the bond markets is stopped at a time other than their regularly scheduled closing time. In the event the New York Stock Exchange and/or the bond markets do not open for business, the Fund may, but is not required to, open for purchase transactions if the Federal Reserve wire payment system is open. To learn whether the Fund is open for business during this situation, please call the appropriate phone number located on the back cover of the Prospectus.

Foreign securities may trade in their local markets on days the Fund is closed. As a result, if the Fund holds foreign securities, its NAV may be impacted on days when investors may not purchase or tender for repurchase Fund Shares.

The Fund relies on various sources to calculate its NAV. The ability of the Fund’s fund accounting agent to calculate the NAV per share of each share class of the Fund is subject to operational risks associated with processing or human errors, systems or technology failures, cyber attacks and errors caused by third party service providers, data sources, or trading counterparties. Such failures may result in delays in the calculation of the Fund’s NAV and/or the inability to calculate NAV over extended time periods. The Fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures. In addition, if the third party service providers and/or data sources upon which the Fund directly or indirectly relies to calculate its NAV or price individual securities are unavailable or otherwise unable to calculate the NAV correctly, it may be necessary for alternative procedures to be utilized to price the securities at the time of determining the Fund’s NAV.

When Will Shares Be Issued And Dividends Begin To Be Accrued?

Dividends or distributions that are declared daily and paid quarterly will begin to be accrued as follows:

 

   

Shares Purchased by Federal Funds Wire or ACH Transfer:

 

   

If a purchase order is received in proper form before the Fund closes, shares will generally be issued and dividends will generally begin to accrue on the purchased shares on the later of (i) the business day after payment is received, or (ii) the day that the federal funds wire is received by The Northern Trust Company. Failure to provide payment on settlement date may result in a delay in accrual.

 

   

If a purchase order is placed through an Intermediary that settles through the National Securities Clearing Corporation (the “NSCC”), the purchase order will begin accruing dividends on the NSCC settlement date.

 

   

Shares Purchased by Check:

 

   

If a purchase order is received in proper form before the Fund closes, shares will generally be issued and dividends will generally begin to accrue on the purchased shares no later than two business days after payment is received.

Other dividends or distributions will be distributed annually as a declared event and paid to shareholders of record on the record date for such events.

COMMON QUESTIONS APPLICABLE TO THE PURCHASE OF CLASS A AND CLASS L SHARES

What Is The Offering Price Of Class A And Class L Shares?

The offering price of each class of Shares of the Fund is the next determined NAV per share plus any applicable initial sales charge paid to GS&Co. at the time of purchase of shares. With respect to Class A and Class L Shares, the sales charge varies depending upon the amount you purchase. In some cases, described below, the initial sales charge may be eliminated altogether, and the offering price will be the NAV per share.

The current sales charges and commissions paid to Intermediaries are as follows:

Class A

 

Amount of Purchase

(including sales charge, if any)

   Sales Charge as
Percentage of
Offering Price
    Sales Charge
as Percentage
of Net Amount
Invested
    Maximum Dealer
Allowance as
Percentage of
Offering Price*
 

Less than $100,000

     5.75     6.10     5.50

$100,000 up to (but less than) $250,000

     4.75       4.99       4.50  

$250,000 up to (but less than) $500,000

     3.75       3.90       3.50  

$500,000 up to (but less than) $1 million

     2.50       2.56       2.25  

$1 million or more

     1.00 **     1.01 **     1.00 *** 

 

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Class L

 

Amount of Purchase

(including sales charge, if any)

   Sales Charge as
Percentage of
Offering Price
    Sales Charge
as Percentage
of Net Amount
Invested
    Maximum Dealer
Allowance as
Percentage of
Offering Price*
 

Less than $250,000

     4.25     4.44     3.50

$250,000 up to (but less than) $500,000

     3.25       3.36       2.50  

$500,000 up to (but less than) $1 million

     2.00       2.04       1.50  

$1 million or more

     1.25       1.27       1.00  

 

*

Dealer’s allowance may be changed periodically. During special promotions, the entire sales charge may be reallowed to Intermediaries. Intermediaries to whom substantially the entire sales charge is reallowed may be deemed to be “underwriters” under the Securities Act.

**

Purchases of Class A of $1 million or more may be subject to a CDSC of 0.50% on shares tendered for repurchase within 12 months. For more information about CDSCs, please see “What Else Do I Need To Know About CDSCs?” below.

Different Intermediaries may impose different sales charges. These variations are described in “Appendix B—Additional Information About Sales Charge Variations, Waivers and Discounts.”

You should note that the actual sales charge that appears in your fund transaction confirmation may differ slightly from the rate disclosed above in the Prospectus due to rounding calculations.

As indicated in the preceding chart, and as discussed further below and in the section titled “How Can The Sales Charge On Class A and Class L Shares Be Reduced?” and in “Appendix B—Additional Information About Sales Charge Variations, Waivers and Discounts,” you may, under certain circumstances, be entitled to pay reduced sales charges on your purchases of Class A or Class L Shares or have those charges waived entirely. To take advantage of these discounts, your Intermediary must notify the Fund’s Transfer Agent at the time of your purchase order that a discount may apply to your current purchases. You may also be required to provide appropriate documentation to receive these discounts, including:

 

  (i)

Information or records regarding shares of the Fund or other Goldman Sachs Funds that operate as “interval funds” (“Goldman Sachs Interval Funds”) held in all accounts (e.g., retirement accounts) of the shareholder at all Intermediaries; or

 

  (ii)

Information or records regarding shares of the Fund or other Goldman Sachs Funds held at any Intermediary by related parties of the shareholder, such as members of the same family or household.

What Else Do I Need To Know About Class A Shares’ CDSC?

For Class A Shares of the Fund, if you tender shares for repurchase within 12 months after the beginning of the month in which the purchase was made, a CDSC of 0.50% may be imposed. The CDSC may not be imposed if your Intermediary agrees with the Distributor to return all or an applicable prorated portion of its commission to the Distributor. The CDSC is waived on repurchases in certain circumstances. See “In What Situations May The CDSC On Class A Shares Be Waived Or Reduced?” below and, if you hold shares through an Intermediary, see “Appendix B—Additional Information About Sales Charge Variations, Waivers and Discounts.”

When Are Class A and Class L Shares Not Subject To A Sales Load?

Class A and Class L Shares of the Fund may be sold at NAV without payment of any sales charge to the following individuals and entities:

 

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GS&Co., its affiliates or their respective officers, partners, directors or employees (including retired employees and former partners), any partnership of which GS&Co. is a general partner, any Trustee or officer of the Fund and designated family members of any of these individuals;

 

   

Qualified employee benefit plans of GS&Co.;

 

   

Trustees or directors of investment companies for which GS&Co. or an affiliate acts as sponsor;

 

   

Any employee or registered representative of any Intermediary (or such Intermediaries’ affiliates and subsidiaries) or their respective spouses or domestic partners, children and parents;

 

   

Banks, trust companies or other types of depository institutions;

 

   

Any state, county or city, or any instrumentality, department, authority or agency thereof, which is prohibited by applicable investment laws from paying a sales charge or commission in connection with the purchase of shares of the Fund;

 

   

Employee Benefit Plans, other than Employee Benefit Plans that purchase Class A or Class L Shares through brokerage relationships in which sales charges are customarily imposed. Under such circumstances, Plans will be assessed sales charges as described further in “Shareholder Guide—Common Questions Applicable to the Purchase of Class A and Class L Shares”;

 

   

Investors who purchase Class A or Class L Shares through an omnibus account sponsored by an Intermediary that has an agreement with the Distributor covering such investors to offer such class(es) without charging an initial sales charge;

 

   

Insurance company separate accounts that make the Fund available as an underlying investment in certain group annuity contracts;

 

   

“Wrap” accounts for the benefit of clients of broker-dealers, financial institutions or financial planners, provided they have entered into an agreement with GSAM specifying aggregate minimums and certain operating policies and standards;

 

   

Investment advisers investing for accounts for which they receive asset-based fees;

 

   

Accounts over which GSAM or its advisory affiliates have investment discretion;

 

   

Shareholders who roll over distributions from any tax-qualified Employee Benefit Plan or tax-sheltered annuity to an IRA which invests in the Goldman Sachs Funds if the tax-qualified Employee Benefit Plan or tax-sheltered annuity receives administrative services provided by certain third party administrators that have entered into a special service arrangement with GS&Co. relating to such plan or annuity;

 

   

State sponsored 529 college savings plans;

 

   

Investors that purchase Class A or Class L Shares through the GS Retirement Plan Plus and Goldman Sachs 401(k) Programs; or

 

   

Former shareholders of certain funds (including the Predecessor Fund) who (i) received shares of the Fund in connection with a reorganization of an acquired fund the Fund, (ii) had previously qualified for purchases of Class A or Class L Shares (as applicable) of the acquired fund without the imposition of a sales load under the guidelines of the applicable acquired fund.

You must certify eligibility for any of the above exemptions on your account application and notify your Intermediary and the Fund if you no longer are eligible for the exemption. You may be eligible for different or additional exemptions based on your Intermediary; see “Appendix B—Additional Information About Sales Charge Variations, Waivers and Discounts.”

The Fund will grant you an exemption subject to confirmation of your eligibility by your Intermediary. You may be charged a fee by your Intermediary.

How Can The Sales Charge On Class A And Class L Shares Be Reduced?

 

   

Right of Accumulation: When buying Class A or Class L Shares of the Fund, your current aggregate investment determines the initial sales load you pay. For purposes of determining whether you qualify for a reduced sales charge for Class A and/or Class L Shares of the Fund (as described under “What Is The Offering Price Of Class A And Class L Shares?”), Shares of Classes A and/or L of any of the Goldman Sachs Interval Funds may be combined under the Right of Accumulation. If the Fund’s Transfer Agent is properly notified, the “Amount of Purchase” in the chart in the section “What Is The Offering Price Of Class A And Class L Shares?” will be deemed to include all Class A or Class L Shares of the Goldman Sachs Interval Funds that were held at the time of purchase by any of the following persons: (i) you, your spouse or domestic partner,

 

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your parents and your children; and (ii) any trustee, guardian or other fiduciary of a single trust estate or a single fiduciary account. This includes, for example, any Class A or Class L Shares held at an Intermediary other than the one handling your current purchase. For purposes of applying the Right of Accumulation, shares of the Fund and any other Goldman Sachs Interval Funds purchased by an existing client of Goldman Sachs Private Wealth Management or GS Ayco Holding LLC will be combined with Class A or Class L Shares and other assets held by all other Goldman Sachs Private Wealth Management accounts or accounts of GS Ayco Holding LLC, respectively. In addition, under some circumstances, Class A or Class L Shares of the Fund and any other Goldman Sachs Interval Fund purchased by partners, directors, officers or employees of certain organizations may be combined for the purpose of determining whether a purchase will qualify for the Right of Accumulation and, if qualifying, the applicable sales charge level. To qualify for a reduced sales load, you or your Intermediary must notify the Fund’s Transfer Agent at the time of investment that a quantity discount is applicable. If you do not notify your Intermediary at the time of your current purchase or a future purchase that you qualify for a quantity discount, you may not receive the benefit of a reduced sales charge that might otherwise apply. Use of this option is subject to a check of appropriate records. For purposes of determining the “Amount of Purchase,” all Class A or Class L Shares currently held will be valued at their current market value.

 

   

Statement of Intention: You may obtain a reduced sales charge by means of a written Statement of Intention which expresses your non-binding commitment to invest (not counting reinvestments of dividends and distributions) in the aggregate $100,000 or more within a period of 13 months in Class A Shares, or $250,000 or more within a period of 13 months in Class L Shares, of one or more of the Goldman Sachs Interval Funds. Any investments you make during the period will receive the discounted sales load based on the full amount of your investment commitment. Purchases made during the previous 90 days may be included; however, capital appreciation does not apply toward these combined purchases. If the investment commitment of the Statement of Intention is not met prior to the expiration of the 13-month period, the entire amount will be subject to the higher applicable sales charge unless the failure to meet the investment commitment is due to the death of the investor. By selecting the Statement of Intention, you authorize the Transfer Agent to escrow and repurchase Class A or Class L Shares in your account to pay this additional charge, as of the next repurchase offer following the expiration of the 13-month period, if the Statement of Intention is not met. You must, however, inform the Transfer Agent (either directly or through your Intermediary) that the Statement of Intention is in effect each time shares are purchased. Each purchase will be made at the public offering price applicable to a single transaction of the dollar amount specified on the Statement of Intention.

Different Intermediaries may have different policies regarding Rights of Accumulation and Statements of Intention. These variations are described in “Appendix B—Additional Information About Sales Charge Variations, Waivers and Discounts.”

COMMON QUESTIONS APPLICABLE TO THE PURCHASE OF CLASS C SHARES

What Is The Offering Price Of Class C Shares?

You may purchase Class C Shares of the Fund at the next determined NAV per share without paying an initial sales charge. However, if you tender for repurchase Class C Shares such that they will have been held less than twelve months after purchase (measured as of the time of repurchase), a CDSC of 1.00% will normally be deducted from the repurchase proceeds. In connection with purchases by Employee Benefit Plans, where Class C Shares are tendered for repurchase within 12 months of purchase, a CDSC of 1.00% may be imposed upon the plan sponsor or third party administrator.]

Different Intermediaries may impose different sales charges. These variations are described in “Appendix B—Additional Information About Sales Charge Variations, Waivers and Discounts.”

Proceeds from the CDSC are payable to the Distributor and may be used in whole or in part to defray the Distributor’s expenses related to providing distribution-related services to the Fund in connection with the sale of Class C Shares , including the payment of compensation to Intermediaries. A commission equal to 1.00% of the amount invested in Class C Shares is normally paid by the Distributor to Intermediaries.

COMMON QUESTIONS REGARDING CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGES

What Else Do I Need To Know About CDSCs

 

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The CDSC is based on the lesser of the NAV of the shares at the time of repurchase or the original offering price (which is the original NAV).

 

   

No CDSC is charged on shares acquired from reinvested dividends or capital gains distributions.

 

   

No CDSC is charged on the per share appreciation of your account over the initial purchase price.

 

   

When counting the number of months since a purchase of Shares was made, all purchases made during a month will be combined and considered to have been made on the first day of that month.

 

   

To keep your CDSC as low as possible, each time you place a request to sell shares, the Fund will first sell any shares in your account that do not carry a CDSC and then the shares in your account that have been held the longest.

In What Situations May The CDSC Be Waived Or Reduced?

The CDSC may be waived or reduced if such shares are tendered for repurchase in connection with:

 

   

Mandatory retirement distributions or loans to participants or beneficiaries from Employee Benefit Plans;

 

   

Hardship withdrawals by a participant or beneficiary in an Employee Benefit Plan;

 

   

The separation from service by a participant or beneficiary in an Employee Benefit Plan;

 

   

Excess contributions distributed from an Employee Benefit Plan;

 

   

Distributions from a qualified Employee Benefit Plan invested in the Fund which are being rolled over to an IRA in the same share class of the Fund;

 

   

The death or disability (as defined in Section 72(m)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”)) of a shareholder, participant or beneficiary in an Employee Benefit Plan;

 

   

Satisfying the minimum distribution requirements of the Code;

 

   

Establishing “substantially equal periodic payments” as described under Section 72(t)(2) of the Code;

 

   

Repurchase proceeds which are to be reinvested in accounts or non-registered products over which GSAM or its advisory affiliates have investment discretion;

 

   

Tenders for repurchase of Fund Shares held through an Employee Benefit Plan using the Fund as part of a qualified default investment alternative or “QDIA”; or

 

   

Other repurchases, at the discretion of the Fund’s officers, relating to shares purchased through Employee Benefit Plans.

You may be eligible for different or additional exemptions based on your Intermediary; see “Appendix B—Additional Information About Sales Charge Variations, Waivers and Discounts.”

COMMON QUESTIONS REGARDING SHARE CLASS EXCHANGES

What Should I Know About Share Class Exchanges?

Upon request, the Fund may, in its discretion, permit a current Fund shareholder to exchange his or her shares to another class of Fund Shares in a non-taxable transaction; provided that such shareholder meets the requirements of the new share class.

HOW TO SELL SHARES

Periodic Repurchase Offers

The Fund has adopted the following fundamental policies, which cannot be changed without shareholder consent, in order to repurchase its Shares:

 

   

On a quarterly basis, in the months of March, June, September and December, the Fund will make an offer to repurchase a designated percentage of the outstanding Shares from shareholders (a “Repurchase Offer”), pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, as it may be amended from time to time.

 

   

The Fund will repurchase only Shares that are tendered by the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Board will establish the Repurchase Request Deadline for each Repurchase Offer. The Repurchase Request Deadline will ordinarily be on the third Wednesday of the month in which the repurchase occurs but such date may be revised by the Fund’s officers, in their sole discretion, based on factors such as market conditions, the level of the Fund’s assets and shareholder servicing considerations provided that the Board is notified of this change and the reasons for it. The Fund anticipates that the Repurchase Pricing Date for a Repurchase Offer normally will be the same date as the Repurchase Request Deadline for that Repurchase Offer.

 

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There will be a maximum 14 calendar day period (or the next business day if the 14th calendar day is not a business day) between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date.

The Fund normally will repurchase Shares that are tendered by the Repurchase Request Deadline and accepted for repurchase at the NAV determined as of the Fund’s close of business (which is generally the close of business of The New York Stock Exchange, normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on the Repurchase Pricing Date (minus any applicable CDSC). The Fund may also make discretionary repurchase offers in addition to the quarterly Repurchase Offer period once every two years.

Repurchase Offer Amounts. Each quarter, the Fund’s Board, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the “Repurchase Offer Amount”) for a particular Repurchase Offer. The Repurchase Offer Amount will be at least 5% but not more than 25% of the total number of Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline. In connection with any given Repurchase Offer, it is possible that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline. If shareholders tender more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a particular Repurchase Offer, the Board may determine to increase the Repurchase Offer Amount by up to an additional 2% of the Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline.

The Fund may not be able to repurchase the entire amount of Shares a shareholder has tendered in a Repurchase Request for a particular Repurchase Offer if the aggregate tenders exceed the Repurchase Offer Amount and, when applicable, the additional up to 2% of Shares offered to be repurchased by the Fund.

Certain shareholders, including Goldman Sachs Private Wealth Management clients and other clients or affiliates of the Investment Adviser and/or other funds managed by the Investment Adviser, may from time to time own or control a significant percentage of the Fund’s Shares. Repurchase requests by these shareholders of these Shares of the Fund may cause repurchases to be oversubscribed, with the result that shareholders may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased in connection with any Repurchase Offer. See “Shareholder Guide—How to Sell Shares—Oversubscribed Repurchases Offers.”

Repurchase Offer Notices. The Fund will send shareholders or Intermediaries a Repurchase Offer Notice. Intermediaries, in turn, are responsible for providing the Repurchase Offer Notice to their respective customers who are shareholders of the Fund. The Fund will send the Repurchase Offer Notice to shareholders or Intermediaries at least 21 calendar days but not more than 42 calendar days before the Repurchase Request Deadline for a Repurchase Offer. Shareholders who purchase Shares after the mailing of the Repurchase Offer Notice may not receive a hard copy of the Repurchase Offer Notice, but may access the Repurchase Offer Notice via the Fund’s website at www.goldmansachsfunds.com and via the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. The Repurchase Offer Notice will include information about the Repurchase Offer, including:

 

   

The percentage of the Fund’s Shares to be repurchased.

 

   

How you may request the Fund to repurchase your Shares.

 

   

The Repurchase Request Deadline.

 

   

The Repurchase Pricing Date.

 

   

The Repurchase Payment Deadline, which is the date by which the Fund will send the payment to shareholders for Shares accepted for repurchase. The date will be not more than 7 calendar days after the Repurchase Pricing Date.

Repurchase Requests. A shareholder may tender all or some of his or her Shares for repurchase. You may withdraw or change a repurchase request at any time up until the Repurchase Request Deadline for a particular Repurchase Offer, but not after that date. Shares properly withdrawn will not thereafter be deemed to be tendered for purposes of the Repurchase Offer. However, withdrawn Shares may be retendered by following the procedures described in this Prospectus prior to the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Request Deadline will be strictly observed.

Repurchase Request Deadline. As discussed above, it is anticipated that the Repurchase Request Deadline for each quarterly Repurchase Offer will ordinarily be the Fund’s close of business, which is generally the close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, but the New York Stock Exchange may close earlier on certain days) on the third Wednesday of the month in which the repurchase occurs.

 

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The Repurchase Request Deadline will be strictly observed.

Repurchase Pricing Date. The repurchase price of the Shares for a particular Repurchase Offer will be the NAV determined as of the close of the New York Stock Exchange on the Repurchase Pricing Date for that Repurchase Offer (adjusted for any applicable CDSCs). The Fund anticipates that the Repurchase Pricing Date for a Repurchase Offer normally will be the same date as the Repurchase Request Deadline for that Repurchase Offer. In that case, the Fund will set the Repurchase Request Deadline for a time no later than the close of the New York Stock Exchange on that date. The Fund, however, may choose to make the Repurchase Pricing Date for a Repurchase Offer as many as 14 calendar days after the Repurchase Request Deadline for that Repurchase Offer. If that day is not a regular business day, then the Repurchase Pricing Date for that Repurchase Offer will be the following regular business day. The Fund’s NAV may fluctuate between the date you submit your repurchase request and the Repurchase Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV on the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date could be higher or lower than on the date you submit a repurchase request.

The Fund does not presently plan to deduct any repurchase fees from the repurchase proceeds. However, in the future the Board may determine to impose a repurchase fee payable to the Fund to help it defray its expenses of making Repurchase Offers.

Repurchase Payment Deadline. The Fund expects to distribute repurchase proceeds in cash to shareholders between one and three business days and will distribute such repurchase payments, but no later than seven calendar days after each Repurchase Pricing Date.

Oversubscribed Repurchase Offers. The Fund may not be able to repurchase the entire amount of Shares a shareholder has tendered in a repurchase request for a particular Repurchase Offer if the aggregate tenders exceed the Repurchase Offer Amount and, when applicable, the additional up to 2% of Shares (described above) offered to be repurchased by the Fund. The aggregate tenders include Shares that the Fund determines to repurchase as described under “What Else Do I Need to Know About Repurchases?” If Fund shareholders tender more Shares than the Fund decides to repurchase, the Fund will repurchase the tendered Shares on a pro rata basis, rounded down to the nearest .001 of a Share.

If a Repurchase Offer is oversubscribed, shareholders may be unable to liquidate some or all of their investment during that Repurchase Offer. In that case, the shareholder may have to wait until a later Repurchase Offer to tender Shares for repurchase and would be subject to the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Shareholders must submit a new repurchase request for that Repurchase Offer. Any subsequent Repurchase Offer may also be oversubscribed.

Suspension or Postponement of Repurchase Offers. The Fund may postpone or suspend Repurchase Offers. A postponement or suspension may occur only if approved by a vote of a majority of the Board, including a majority of the independent Trustees. The Fund or your Intermediary will send you a notice if there is a suspension or postponement of a Repurchase Offer and if a Repurchase Offer is renewed after a suspension or postponement. A suspension or postponement may be done only in limited circumstances. These circumstances include the following:

 

   

The repurchase of Shares would cause the Fund to lose its status as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code.

 

   

During an emergency that makes it impractical for the Fund to dispose of securities it owns or to determine the NAV of the Fund’s Shares.

 

   

During other periods that the SEC permits the suspension or postponement of offers by the Fund for the protection of its shareholders.

 

   

If the Fund’s Shares were to be listed on a stock exchange or quoted on an inter-dealer quotation system of a national securities association (such as NASDAQ) and the repurchase would cause the Shares to lose that listing or quotation, or

 

   

During any period in which the New York Stock Exchange or any other market on which the Fund’s portfolio securities are traded is closed (other than customary weekend or holiday closings) or trading in those markets is restricted.

 

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Repurchase Offers Liquidity Requirement. From the time the Fund or Intermediary sends a Repurchase Offer Notice to shareholders until the Repurchase Pricing Date, the Fund must maintain liquid assets at least equal to the Repurchase Offer Amount. For this purpose, “liquid assets” means assets that may be sold or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business, at approximately the price at which they are valued by the Fund, within a period equal to the period between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Payment Date, or which mature by the Repurchase Payment Date.

You may submit a repurchase request either to the Fund directly or through your Intermediary. Customers of an Intermediary will normally give their repurchase instructions to the Intermediary, and the Intermediary will, in turn, place repurchase orders with the Fund. The Fund may transfer repurchase proceeds to an account with your Intermediary. In the alternative, your Intermediary may request that repurchase proceeds be sent to you by check or wire (if the wire instructions are designated in the current records of the Transfer Agent).

When Do I Need A Medallion Signature Guarantee?

Generally, a repurchase request must be in writing and signed by an authorized person with a Medallion signature guarantee if:

 

   

A repurchase request is made in writing to tender for repurchase Shares in an amount over $50,000, the proceeds of which will be paid by check;

 

   

You would like the repurchase proceeds sent to an address that is not your address of record; or

 

   

You would like the repurchase proceeds sent to a domestic bank account that is not designated in the current records of the Transfer Agent.

A Medallion signature guarantee must be obtained from a bank, brokerage firm or other financial intermediary that is a member of an approved Medallion Guarantee Program or that is otherwise approved by the Fund. A notary public cannot provide a Medallion signature guarantee. The written request may be confirmed by telephone with both the requesting party and the designated Intermediary to verify instructions. Additional documentation may be required.

What Do I Need To Know About Telephone Repurchase Requests?

The Fund, the Distributor and the Transfer Agent will not be liable for any loss or tax liability you may incur in the event that the Fund accepts unauthorized telephone repurchase requests that the Fund reasonably believes to be genuine. The Fund may accept telephone repurchase instructions from any person identifying himself or herself as the owner of an account or the owner’s registered representative where the owner has not declined in writing to use this service. Intermediaries may submit repurchase requests by telephone. Thus, you risk possible losses if telephone repurchase instructions are not authorized by you.

In an effort to prevent unauthorized or fraudulent repurchase requests by telephone, GS&Co. and DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc. (“DST”) each employ reasonable procedures specified by the Fund to confirm that such instructions are genuine. The following general policies are currently in effect:

 

   

Telephone requests are recorded.

 

   

Proceeds of telephone repurchase requests will be sent to your address of record or authorized account designated in the current records of the Transfer Agent (unless you provide written instructions and a Medallion signature guarantee indicating another address or account).

 

   

For the 30-day period following a change of address, telephone repurchases will only be filled by a wire transfer to the authorized account designated in the current records of the Transfer Agent (see immediately preceding bullet point). In order to receive the repurchase proceeds by check during this time period, a repurchase request must be in the form of a written letter with a Medallion signature guarantee.

 

   

The telephone repurchase option does not apply to Shares held in an account maintained and serviced by your Intermediary. If your Shares are held in an account with an Intermediary, you should contact your registered representative of record, who may make telephone repurchase requests on your behalf.

 

   

The telephone repurchase option may be modified or terminated at any time without prior notice.

 

   

The Fund may repurchase via check up to $50,000 in shares requested via telephone.

How Are Repurchase Proceeds Paid?

By Wire: You may arrange for your repurchase proceeds to be paid as federal funds to an account with your Intermediary or to a domestic bank account designated in the current records of the Transfer Agent. In addition, repurchase proceeds may be transmitted through an electronic trading platform to an account with your Intermediary. The following general policies govern wiring repurchase proceeds:

 

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Repurchase proceeds will normally be paid in federal funds, between one and two business days (or such other times in accordance with the requirements of your Intermediary) following receipt of a properly executed repurchase request. However, repurchase proceeds may be paid up to seven calendar days following the Repurchase Pricing Date.

 

   

If you are tendering for repurchase Shares you recently paid for by check or purchased by Automated Clearing House (“ACH”), the Fund will pay you when your check or ACH has cleared, which may take up to 15 days.

 

   

If the Federal Reserve Bank is closed on the day that the repurchase proceeds would ordinarily be wired, wiring the repurchase proceeds may be delayed until the Federal Reserve Bank reopens.

 

   

To change the bank wiring instructions designated in the current records of the Transfer Agent, you must send written instructions, signed by an authorized person designated in the current records of the Transfer Agent. A Medallion signature guarantee may be required if you are requesting a repurchase in conjunction with the change.

 

   

None of the Fund, the Investment Adviser or GS&Co. assumes any responsibility for the performance of your bank or Intermediary in the transfer process. If a problem with such performance arises, you should deal directly with your bank or Intermediary.

By Check: You may elect to receive your repurchase proceeds by check. Repurchase proceeds paid by check will be paid to shareholders no later than seven days after the Repurchase Pricing Date. If you are tendering for repurchase Shares you recently paid for by check or ACH, the Fund will pay you when your check or ACH has cleared, which may take up to 15 days.

What Else Do I Need To Know About Repurchases?

The following generally applies to repurchase requests:

 

   

Additional documentation may be required when deemed appropriate by the Transfer Agent. A repurchase request will not be in proper form until such additional documentation has been received.

 

   

Intermediaries are responsible for the timely transmittal of repurchase requests by their customers to the Transfer Agent. In order to facilitate the timely transmittal of repurchase requests, Intermediaries may set times by which they must receive repurchase requests. Intermediaries may also require additional documentation from you.

The Fund reserves the right to:

 

   

Repurchase your Shares in the event your Intermediary’s relationship with GS&Co. is terminated, and you do not transfer your account to another Intermediary, or in the event that the Fund is no longer an option in your Employee Benefit Plan or no longer available through your fee-based account with an Intermediary.

 

   

Repurchase your Shares if your account balance is below the required Fund minimum. The Fund will not repurchase your Shares on this basis if the value of your account falls below the minimum account balance solely as a result of market conditions. The Fund will give you 60 days prior written notice to allow you to purchase sufficient additional Shares of the Fund in order to avoid such repurchase. Different rules may apply to investors who have established brokerage accounts with GS&Co. in accordance with the terms and conditions of their account agreements.

 

   

Repurchase your shares in the case of actual or suspected threatening conduct or actual or suspected fraudulent, suspicious or illegal activity by you or any other individual associated with your account.

 

 

   

Subject to applicable law, repurchase your Shares in other circumstances determined by the Board to be in the best interest of the Fund.

 

   

Reinvest any amounts (e.g., dividends, distributions or repurchase proceeds) which you have elected to receive by check should your check remain uncashed for more than 180 days. No interest will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed checks. Your check will be reinvested in your account at the NAV on the day of the reinvestment. When reinvested, those amounts are subject to the risk of loss like any Fund investment. If you elect to receive distributions in cash and a check remains uncashed for more than 180 days, your cash election may be changed automatically to reinvest and your future dividend and capital gains distributions will be reinvested in the Fund at the NAV as of the date of payment of the distribution. This provision may not apply to certain retirement or qualified accounts, accounts with a non-U.S. address or closed accounts.

 

   

Charge an additional fee in the event a repurchase is made via wire transfer.

 

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The Fund’s repurchases described above will be conducted as part of the Fund’s periodic Repurchase Offers and be subject to the applicable Repurchase Pricing Date and Repurchase Payment Deadline. The Fund will provide the shareholder concerned an advance notice of the Fund’s intention to repurchase the shareholder’s Shares even if not voluntarily tendered.

None of the Fund, the Investment Adviser or GS&Co. will be responsible for any loss in an investor’s account or tax liability resulting from an involuntary repurchase.

Can I Arrange To Have Automatic Investments Made On A Regular Basis?

You may be able to make automatic investments in the Fund through your bank via ACH transfer or via bank draft or through your Intermediary each month. The minimum dollar amount for this service is $250 for the initial investment and $100 per month for additional investments. Forms for this option are available online at www.gsamfunds.com and from your Intermediary, or you may check the appropriate box on the account application.

What Types Of Reports Will I Be Sent Regarding My Investment?

Intermediaries are responsible for providing any communication from the Fund to shareholders, including but not limited to, prospectuses, prospectus supplements, Repurchase Offer Notices, proxy materials and notices regarding the source of dividend payments under Section 19 of the 1940 Act. They may charge additional fees not described in the Prospectus to their customers for such services.

You will be provided with a printed confirmation of each transaction in your account and a quarterly account statement. If your account is held through your Intermediary you will receive this information from your Intermediary.

You will also receive an annual shareholder report containing audited financial statements and a semi-annual shareholder report. If you have consented to the delivery of a single copy of shareholder reports, prospectuses and other information to all shareholders who share the same mailing address with your account, you may revoke your consent at any time by contacting your Intermediary or the Fund at the appropriate phone number or address found on the back cover of the Prospectus. The Fund will begin sending individual copies to you within 30 days after receipt of your revocation. If your account is held through an Intermediary, please contact the Intermediary to revoke your consent.

DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE FEES

What Are The Different Distribution And/Or Service Fees Paid By The Fund’s Shares?

The Fund has adopted a distribution and service plan (the “Plan”) under which certain Share classes (as set forth below) bear distribution and/or service fees paid to GS&Co., some of which GS&Co. may pay to Intermediaries. If the fees received by GS&Co. pursuant to the Plan exceeds its expenses, GS&Co. may realize a profit from this arrangement. GS&Co. generally receives and pays the distribution and service fees on a quarterly basis. Because these fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time, these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of such charges.

Distribution Fees

Distribution fees are subject to the requirements of Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, and may be used (among other things) for:

 

   

Compensation paid to and expenses incurred by Intermediaries, GS&Co. and their respective officers, employees and sales representatives;

 

   

Commissions paid to Intermediaries;

 

   

Allocable overhead;

 

   

Telephone and travel expenses;

 

   

Interest and other costs associated with the financing of such compensation and expenses;

 

   

Printing of prospectuses for prospective shareholders;

 

   

Preparation and distribution of sales literature or advertising of any type; and

 

   

All other expenses incurred in connection with activities primarily intended to result in the sale of Fund Shares.

 

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Service Fees

Service fees may be used (among other things) for personal and account maintenance services, and may be used to make payments to GS&Co., Intermediaries and their officers, sales representatives and employees for responding to inquiries of, and furnishing assistance to, shareholders regarding ownership of their shares or their accounts or similar services not otherwise provided on behalf of the Fund. Service fees may also be used for certain shareholder support and administration services.

In connection with the sale of Class C Shares, GS&Co. normally begins paying distribution and/or service fees on an ongoing basis to Intermediaries after the shares have been held for one year. GS&Co. normally begins accruing distribution and/or service fee for Class A, Class L, and Class W Shares immediately.

Distribution and/or Service Fee Schedule

 

Share

Class

   Distribution Services     Shareholder Services     Maximum Distribution-Related
and Shareholder Services
 

Class A

     0.25     0.25     0.25

Class C

     0.75     0.25     1.00

Class I

     N/A       N/A       N/A  

Class L

     0.25     0.25     0.50

Class W

     0.25     0.25     0.25

 

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TAXATION

GOLDMAN SACHS DOES NOT PROVIDE LEGAL, TAX OR ACCOUNTING ADVICE. EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD OBTAIN INDEPENDENT TAX ADVICE BASED ON ITS PARTICULAR SITUATION.

The discussion below and certain disclosure in the SAI provide general tax information related to an investment in Shares of the Fund. Because tax laws are complex and often change, Shareholders should consult their tax advisors about the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund. Unless otherwise noted, the following tax discussion applies only to U.S. Shareholders that hold the Shares as capital assets. A U.S. Shareholder is an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, a U.S. corporation, a trust if it (a) is subject to the primary supervision of a court in the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) has made a valid election to be treated as a U.S. person, or any estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source.

The Fund will elect to be treated, and intends to qualify each taxable year, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. To qualify under Subchapter M for the favorable tax treatment accorded to RICs, the Fund must, among other things: (1) distribute to its Shareholders in each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code, but without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and its net tax-exempt income; (2) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from (a) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gain from options, futures and forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or foreign currencies; and (b) net income derived from interests in certain publicly traded partnerships that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and that derive less than 90% of their gross income from the items described in (a) above (each, a “Qualified Publicly Traded Partnership”); and (3) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of each taxable year of the Fund (a) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash, cash items, U.S. government securities and securities of other RICs, and other securities, with these other securities limited, with respect to any one issuer, to an amount not greater in value than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets, and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by the securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of (I) any one issuer, (II) any two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses or (III) any one or more Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its investment company taxable income and net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), if any, that it distributes in each taxable year to its Shareholders. The Fund intends to distribute to its Shareholders, at least annually, substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain.

If the Fund failed to qualify for the favorable tax treatment accorded to RICs in any taxable year, the Fund would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income (including distributions of net capital gain), even if such income were distributed to its Shareholders, and all distributions out of earnings and profits would be taxed to Shareholders as ordinary dividend income. Such distributions generally would be eligible (i) to be treated as “qualified dividend income” in the case of individual and other non-corporate Shareholders and (ii) for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate Shareholders. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (which could be subject to interest charges) before requalifying for taxation as a RIC.

A RIC that fails to distribute, by the close of each calendar year, an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary taxable income for such calendar year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for the one-year period ending on October 31 of such calendar year, plus any shortfalls from any prior year’s required distribution, is liable for a 4% excise tax on the portion of the undistributed amounts of such income that are less than the required distributions. For these purposes, the Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gain on which it paid U.S. federal income tax.

Distributions to Shareholders by the Fund of ordinary income (including “market discount” realized by the Fund on the sale of debt securities), and of net short-term capital gains, if any, realized by the Fund will generally be taxable to Shareholders as ordinary income to the extent such distributions are paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions, if any, of net capital gains properly reported as “capital gain

 

124


dividends” will be taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of the length of time the Shareholder has owned Shares of the Fund. A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) will be treated by a Shareholder as a return of capital which will be applied against and reduce the Shareholder’s basis in his or her Shares. To the extent that the amount of any such distribution exceeds the Shareholder’s basis in his or her Shares, the excess will be treated by the Shareholder as gain from a sale or exchange of the Shares. Distributions paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations or for the reduced rates applicable to certain qualified dividend income received by non-corporate Shareholders.

Under recently proposed regulations on which taxpayers are entitled to rely, properly reported dividends paid by the Fund that are attributable to the Fund’s “qualified REIT dividends” (generally, ordinary income dividends paid by a REIT, not including capital gain dividends or dividends treated as qualified dividend income) may be eligible for the 20% deduction described in Section 199A of the Code in the case of non-corporate U.S. common shareholders, provided that certain holding period and other requirements are met by the shareholder and the Fund. There can be no assurance as to what portion of the Fund’s distributions will qualify for such deduction.

Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in cash or invested in additional Shares of the Fund pursuant to the Plan. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional Shares of the Fund will be treated as receiving a distribution in the amount of cash that they would have received if they had elected to receive the distribution in cash, unless the Fund issues additional Shares with a fair market value equal to or greater than net asset value, in which case, such Shareholders will be treated as receiving a distribution in the amount of the fair market value of the distributed Shares. The additional Shares received by a Shareholder pursuant to the Plan will have a new holding period commencing on the day following the day on which the Shares were credited to the Shareholder’s account.

Although dividends generally will be treated as distributed when paid, dividends declared in October, November or December, payable to Shareholders of record on a specified date in one of those months, and paid during the following January, will be treated as having been distributed by the Fund (and received by Shareholders) on December 31 of the year in which declared.

In general, the sale or other disposition of Shares (except pursuant to a repurchase by the Fund, as described below) will result in capital gain or loss to Shareholders. A holder’s gain or loss generally will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year. Present law taxes both long- and short-term capital gains of corporations at the rates applicable to ordinary income. For non-corporate taxpayers, however, long-term capital gains are currently eligible for reduced rates of taxation. Losses realized by a holder on the sale or exchange of Shares held for six months or less are treated as long-term capital losses to the extent of any distribution of long-term capital gain received (or amounts designated as undistributed capital gains, as discussed under “Taxes—Distributions” in the SAI) with respect to such Shares. In addition, no loss will be allowed on the sale or other disposition of Shares if the owner acquires (including pursuant to the Plan) or enters into a contract or option to acquire securities that are substantially identical to such Shares within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such case, the basis of the securities acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

From time to time, the Fund may offer to repurchase its outstanding Shares. Shareholders who tender all Shares held, or considered to be held, by them will be treated as having sold their Shares and generally will realize a capital gain or loss. If a Shareholder tenders fewer than all of its Shares or fewer than all Shares tendered are repurchased, such Shareholder may be treated as having received a taxable dividend upon the tender of its Shares. In such a case, there is a risk that non-tendering Shareholders, and Shareholders who tender some but not all of their Shares or fewer than all of whose Shares are repurchased, in each case whose percentage interests in the Fund increase as a result of such tender, will be treated as having received a taxable distribution from the Fund. The extent of such risk will vary depending upon the particular circumstances of the tender offer, and in particular whether such offer is a single and isolated event or is part of a plan for periodically redeeming Shares of the Fund.

The Fund may be required to withhold from all distributions and repurchase proceeds payable to U.S. Shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification numbers or to make required certifications, or who have been notified by the Internal Revenue Service that they are subject to backup withholding. Certain Shareholders specified in the Code generally are exempt from such backup withholding. This backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be refunded or credited against the Shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.

 

125


If a Shareholder (other than a partnership) is not a U.S. Shareholder (other than such a Shareholder whose ownership of Shares is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business), certain dividends received by such Shareholder from the Fund may be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax. To the extent that Fund distributions consist of ordinary dividends that are subject to withholding, the applicable withholding agent will generally be required to withhold U.S. federal income tax at the rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be determined in accordance with any applicable treaty). However, dividends paid by the Fund that are “interest-related dividends” or “short-term capital gain dividends” will generally be exempt from such withholding, in each case to the extent the Fund properly reports such dividends to Shareholders. For these purposes, interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends generally represent distributions of interest or short-term capital gains that would not have been subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at the source if they had been received directly by a non-U.S. Shareholder, and that satisfy certain other requirements. It is expected that the Fund will generally make designations of short-term gains, to the extent permitted, but the Fund does not intend to make designations of any distributions attributable to interest income. Therefore, all distributions of interest income will be subject to withholding when paid to non-U.S. investors. Net capital gain dividends (that is, distributions of the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) distributed by the Fund to a non-U.S. Shareholder will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax.

The Fund may be required to withhold from distributions to a non-U.S. Shareholder that are otherwise exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax (or taxable at a reduced treaty rate) unless the non-U.S. Shareholder certifies his or her foreign status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establishes an exemption.

Under Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code (such Sections commonly referred to as “FATCA”), a 30% United States federal withholding tax may apply to any ordinary dividends and other distributions that the Fund pays to (i) a “foreign financial institution” (as specifically defined in the Code), whether such foreign financial institution is the beneficial owner or an intermediary, unless such foreign financial institution agrees to verify, report and disclose its United States “account” holders (as specifically defined in the Code) and meets certain other specified requirements or (ii) a non-financial foreign entity, whether such non-financial foreign entity is the beneficial owner or an intermediary, unless such entity provides a certification that the beneficial owner of the payment does not have any substantial United States owners or provides the name, address and taxpayer identification number of each such substantial United States owner and certain other specified requirements are met. In certain cases, the relevant foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity may qualify for an exemption from, or be deemed to be in compliance with, these rules. In addition, foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the United States governing FATCA may be subject to different rules. You should consult your own tax advisor regarding FATCA and whether it may be relevant to your ownership and disposition of Shares.

The foregoing tax discussion is for general information only. The provisions of the Code and regulations thereunder presently in effect as they directly govern the taxation of the Fund and its Shareholders are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, and any such change may be retroactive with respect to the Fund’s transactions. The foregoing does not represent a detailed description of the U.S. federal income tax considerations relevant to special classes of taxpayers including, without limitation, financial institutions, insurance companies, investors in pass-through entities, U.S. Shareholders whose “functional currency” is not the U.S. dollar, tax-exempt organizations, dealers in securities or currencies, traders in securities or commodities that elect mark to market treatment, or persons that will hold Shares as a position in a “straddle,” “hedge” or as part of a “constructive sale” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, this discussion does not address the application of the Medicare tax on net investment income or the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax.

Shareholders are advised to consult with their own tax advisors for more detailed information concerning federal income tax matters.

LEGAL MATTERS

Certain legal matters in connection with the Shares will be passed upon for the Fund by Dechert LLP, New York, New York.

 

 

126


APPENDIX A

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

[INTRODUCTION

     B-1  

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES

     B-2  

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

     B-2  

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS

     B-4  

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

     B-17  

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

     B-22  

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

     B-37  

PROXY VOTING

     B-39  

PAYMENTS TO INTERMEDIARIES

     B-41  

CERTAIN TAX CONSIDERATIONS AND RISKS

     B-48  

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

     B-56  

OTHER INFORMATION

     B-57  

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

     B-58  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     B-59  

APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS

     1-A  

APPENDIX B GSAM PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES SUMMARY

     1-B

 

 

127


APPENDIX B

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT SALES CHARGE VARIATIONS, WAIVERS AND DISCOUNTS

The availability of certain sales charge variations, waivers and discounts will depend on whether you purchase your shares directly from the Fund or through an Intermediary. Intermediaries may impose different sales charges and have unique policies and procedures regarding the availability of sales charge waivers and/or discounts (including based on account type), which differ from those described in the Prospectus and are disclosed below. All sales charges and sales charge variations, waivers and discounts available to investors, other than those set forth below, are described in the Prospectus. To the extent an Intermediary notifies the Investment Adviser or Distributor of its intention to impose sales charges or have sales charge waivers and/or discounts that differ from those described in the Prospectus, such information provided by that Intermediary will be disclosed in this Appendix.

In all instances, it is your responsibility to notify your Intermediary at the time of purchase of any relationship or other facts qualifying you for sales charge waivers or discounts. Please contact your Intermediary with questions regarding your eligibility for applicable sales charge variations, waivers and discounts or for additional information regarding your Intermediary’s policies for implementing particular sales charge variations, waivers and discounts. For waivers and discounts not available through a particular Intermediary, shareholders will have to purchase shares directly from a Fund or through another Intermediary to receive these waivers or discounts.

The information provided below for a particular Intermediary is reproduced based on information provided by that Intermediary. An Intermediary’s administration and implementation of its particular policies with respect to any variations, waivers and/or discounts is neither supervised nor verified by the Fund, the Investment Adviser or the Distributor.

This Appendix does not currently contain descriptions of any intermediary-specific sales charge variations, waivers or discounts.

 

128


Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund

Shares

 

 

PROSPECTUS

 

[    ]

[    ], 2020


The information in this Statement of Additional Information is not complete and may be changed. The Fund may not sell these securities until the Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This Statement of Additional Information is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion,

dated December 10, 2019

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

DATED [    ], 2020

Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund

Class A Shares, Class C Shares, Class I Shares, Class L Shares, and Class W Shares of Beneficial Interest

200 West Street

New York, New York 10282

This Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) is not a prospectus. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the prospectus for the shares of the Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund (the “Fund”), dated [     ], 2020, as it may be further amended and/or supplemented from time to time (the “Prospectus”). The Prospectus may be obtained without charge from Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (“GS&Co.”) by calling 1-800-526-7384 or writing to Goldman Sachs Funds, P.O. Box 06050, Chicago, Illinois 60606.

GSAM® is a registered service mark of GS&Co.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

INTRODUCTION

     B-1  

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES

     B-2  

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

     B-2  

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS

     B-4  

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

     B-17  

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

     B-22  

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

     B-37  

PROXY VOTING

     B-39  

PAYMENTS TO INTERMEDIARIES

     B-41  

CERTAIN TAX CONSIDERATIONS AND RISKS

     B-48  
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES      B-56  

OTHER INFORMATION

     B-57  

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

     B-58  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     B-59  

APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS

     1-A  

APPENDIX B GSAM PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES SUMMARY

     1-B  

 

GOLDMAN SACHS ASSET MANAGEMENT, L.P.    GOLDMAN SACHS & CO. LLC
Investment Adviser    Distributor
200 West Street    200 West Street
New York, New York 10282    New York, New York 10282

Toll-free (in U.S.) 1-800-526-7384


INTRODUCTION

The Fund is a newly organized, diversified, closed-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), that operates as an interval fund. The Fund is organized as a Delaware statutory trust and was established by the Certificate of Trust dated December 2, 2019. The Fund is offering common shares of beneficial interest (the “Shares”). See “SHARES OF THE FUND.” The Fund is the successor to the Resource Credit Income Fund (the “Predecessor Fund”), a Delaware statutory trust, as a result of the reorganization of the Predecessor Fund into the Fund. The Fund’s investment objective and strategies are similar to those of the Predecessor Fund.

Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. (“GSAM”), an affiliate of GS&Co., serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. GSAM is referred to herein as the “Investment Adviser” or “GSAM.” GS&Co. will serve as the Fund’s distributor (the “Distributor”). [•] (“[•]”) will serve as the Fund’s custodian and administrator. [•] (“[•]”) will serve as the Fund’s transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”).

The following information relates to and supplements the description of the Fund’s investment objective and policies contained in the Prospectus. See the Prospectus for a more complete description of the Fund’s investment objective and policies. Investing in the Fund entails certain risks, and there is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the same meaning as in the Prospectus.

 

B-1


INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to provide attractive risk adjusted returns and current income. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective or that the Fund’s investment program will be successful. The Fund’s investment objective is not fundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval.

The Fund pursues its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its Managed Assets in credit and credit related instruments. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to borrowings for investment purposes) minus the sum of the Fund’s accrued liabilities (other than liabilities representing borrowings for investment purposes). Credit and credit related instruments include (but are not limited to): (i) fixed rate and floating rate debt securities; (ii) direct originations of loans and loan participations, including: (a) senior secured floating rate and fixed rate loans, (b) second lien or other subordinated or unsecured floating rate and fixed rate loans, and (c) other types of secured or unsecured loans and loan participations with fixed, floating, or variable interest rates; (iii) investments in corporate debt obligations, including bonds, notes, debentures, commercial paper and other obligations of corporations to pay interest and repay principal; (iv) debt issued by governments, their agencies, instrumentalities, and central banks; (v) preferred stock; (vi) interests in senior, mezzanine, and subordinated/equity tranches of collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”), collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”), collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other securitized investments; (vii) interests in or loans against risk retention vehicles established by managers or sponsors of securitized investment products; (viii) interests in private investment funds managed by unaffiliated institutional asset managers (“Private Investment Funds”) that invest principally in credit and/or credit related instruments, including funds structured as private real estate investment trusts (“REITs”); and (ix) shares of affiliated or unaffiliated SEC-registered investment companies that invest principally in credit and/or credit related instruments, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), mutual funds (including index funds and actively-managed funds), and closed-end funds (including listed business development companies (“BDCs”) (collectively, “Public Investment Funds,” and together with Private Investment Funds, “Underlying Funds”)).

The Fund’s share price will fluctuate with market, economic and, to the extent applicable, foreign exchange conditions, so that an investment in the Fund may be worth more or less when repurchased than when purchased. The Fund should not be relied upon as a complete investment program. Additional information about the Fund, its policies and the investment instruments it may hold is provided below and in the Prospectus.

The Fund is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act. The Investment Adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Fund may use derivatives that are subject to regulation by the CFTC. [Because of this exposure to CFTC-regulated derivatives, the Investment Adviser could become subject to regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (the “CEA”), and the CFTC’s rules and regulations with respect to the operations of the Fund. However, The Investment Adviser has claimed an exclusion with respect to the Fund from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the CEA and, therefore, is not currently subject to registration or regulation as a pool operator under that CEA with respect to the Fund. If the Fund were to be subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under the CEA, the Fund may incur compliance and other expenses or otherwise disadvantage the Fund.]

The Fund is subject to certain investment restrictions as further described in the section entitled “Investment Restrictions” below.

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

The investment restrictions set forth below have been adopted by the Fund as fundamental policies that cannot be changed without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund. The investment objective of the Fund and all other investment policies or practices of the Fund are considered by the Fund not to be fundamental and accordingly may be changed without shareholder approval. For purposes of the 1940 Act, a “majority” of the outstanding voting securities means the lesser of (i) 67% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.

 

B-2


For purposes of the following limitations (except for the asset coverage requirement with respect to borrowings, which is subject to different requirements under the 1940 Act), any limitation which involves a maximum percentage shall not be considered violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs immediately after, and is caused by, an acquisition or encumbrance of assets of, or borrowings by, the Fund. In applying fundamental investment restriction number (1) below to derivative transactions or instruments, including, but not limited to, futures, swaps, forwards, options and structured notes, the Fund will look to the industry of the reference asset(s) and not to the counterparty or issuer.

Fundamental Investment Restrictions

As a matter of fundamental policy, the Fund may not:

 

  (1)

Invest more than 25% of its total assets in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry (for the purposes of this restriction, the U.S. Government, state and municipal governments and their agencies, authorities and instrumentalities are not deemed to be industries);

 

  (2)

Borrow money, except as permitted by the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction;

The following interpretation applies to, but is not part of, this fundamental policy: In determining whether a particular investment in portfolio instruments or participation in portfolio transactions is subject to this borrowing policy, the accounting treatment of such instrument or participation shall be considered, but shall not by itself be determinative. Whether a particular instrument or transaction constitutes a borrowing shall be determined by the Fund’s Board (as defined below), after consideration of all of the relevant circumstances;

 

  (3)

Make loans, except as permitted by the 1940 Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder, or as may otherwise be permitted from time to time by regulatory authority;

 

  (4)

Underwrite securities issued by others, except to the extent that the sale of portfolio securities by the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriting;

 

  (5)

Purchase, hold or deal in real estate, except as permitted by the 1940 Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder, or as may otherwise be permitted from time to time by regulatory authority;

 

  (6)

Invest in physical commodities, except that the Fund may invest in currency and financial instruments and contracts in accordance with its investment objective and policies, including, without limitation, structured notes, futures contracts, swaps, options on commodities, currencies, swaps and futures, ETFs, investment pools and other instruments, regardless of whether such instrument is considered to be a commodity; or

 

  (7)

Issue senior securities to the extent such issuance would violate applicable law.

For purposes of the Fund’s industry concentration policy, the Investment Adviser may analyze the characteristics of a particular issuer and instrument and may assign an industry classification consistent with those characteristics. The Investment Adviser may, but need not, consider industry classifications provided by third parties, and the classifications applied to Fund investments will be informed by applicable law.

The Fund has adopted the following fundamental policies in order to repurchase its Shares:

 

   

On a quarterly basis, in the months of March, June, September and December, the Fund will make an offer to repurchase a designated percentage of the outstanding Shares from shareholders (a “Repurchase Offer”), pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, as it may be amended from time to time.

 

   

The Fund will repurchase Shares that are tendered by a specific date (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”). The Fund’s Board will establish the Repurchase Request Deadline for each Repurchase Offer, but such date may be revised by the Fund’s officers, in their sole discretion, based on factors such as market conditions, the level of the Fund’s assets and shareholder servicing considerations provided that the Board is notified of this change and the reasons for it.

 

B-3


   

There will be a maximum 14 calendar day period (or the next business day if the 14th calendar day is not a business day) between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the date on which the Fund’s net asset value applicable to the Repurchase Offer is determined.

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS

The Fund’s Leadership Structure

The business and affairs of the Fund are managed under the direction of its Board of Trustees (the “Board”), subject to the laws of the State of Delaware and the Fund’s Declaration of Trust. The Trustees are responsible for deciding matters of overall policy and reviewing the actions of the Fund’s service providers. The officers of the Fund conduct and supervise the Fund’s daily business operations. Trustees who are not deemed to be “interested persons” of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act are referred to as “Independent Trustees.” Trustees who are deemed to be “interested persons” of the Fund are referred to as “Interested Trustees.” The Board is currently composed of four Independent Trustees and one Interested Trustee. The Board has selected an Independent Trustee to act as Chairman, whose duties include presiding at meetings of the Board and acting as a focal point to address significant issues that may arise between regularly scheduled Board and Committee meetings. In the performance of the Chairman’s duties, the Chairman will consult with the other Independent Trustees and the Fund’s officers and legal counsel, as appropriate. The Chairman may perform other functions as requested by the Board from time to time.

The Board of Trustees elects the Fund’s officers, who serve at the discretion of the Board of Trustees. The responsibilities of the Board of Trustees include valuation of the Fund’s assets, corporate governance activities, oversight of the Fund’s financing arrangements and oversight of the Fund’s investment activities.

The Board will meet as often as necessary to discharge its responsibilities. The Board will conduct regular, in-person meetings at least four times a year, and will hold special in-person or telephonic meetings as necessary to address specific issues that require attention prior to the next regularly scheduled meeting. In addition, the Independent Trustees will meet at least annually to review, among other things, investment management agreements, distribution and/or service plans and related agreements, transfer agency agreements and certain other agreements providing for the compensation of GS&Co. and/or its affiliates by the Fund, and to consider such other matters as they deem appropriate.

The Board has established five standing committees – Audit, Governance and Nominating, Compliance, Valuation and Contract Review Committees. The Board may establish other committees, or nominate one or more Trustees to examine particular issues related to the Board’s oversight responsibilities, from time to time. Each Committee will meet periodically to perform its delegated oversight functions and report its findings and recommendations to the Board. For more information on the Committees, see the section “STANDING BOARD COMMITTEES,” below.

The Trustees have determined that the Fund’s leadership structure is appropriate because it allows the Trustees to effectively perform their oversight responsibilities.

Trustees

Information regarding the members of the Board of Trustees of the Fund as of [ ], 2020 is set forth below:

 

B-4


Independent Trustees

 

Name,

Address

and Age1

 

Position(s)

Held with

the Fund

 

Term of

Office and

Length of

Time Served2

 

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

 

Number of
Portfolios in
Fund Complex
Overseen by
Trustee3

 

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee4

Lawrence W. Stranghoener

 

Age: [    ]

  Chairman of the Board of Trustees   Since inception  

Mr. Stranghoener is retired. He is Chairman, Kennametal, Inc. (a global manufacturer and distributor of tooling and industrial materials) (2003-Present); Director, Aleris Corporation and Aleris International, Inc. (a producer of aluminum rolled products) (2011-Present); and was formerly Interim Chief Executive Officer (2014); and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (2004–2014), Mosaic Company (a fertilizer manufacturing company).

 

Chairman of the Board of Trustees—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

  [     ]   Kennametal, Inc. (a global manufacturer and distributor of tooling and industrial materials)

 

B-5


Name,

Address

and Age1

 

Position(s)

Held with

the Fund

 

Term of

Office and

Length of

Time Served2

 

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

 

Number of
Portfolios in
Fund Complex
Overseen by
Trustee3

 

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee4

Caroline Dorsa

Age: [     ]

  Trustee   Since inception  

Ms. Dorsa is retired. She is Director, Biogen Inc. (a biotechnology company) (2010–Present); Director, Intellia Therapeutics Inc. (a gene-editing company) (2015–Present); and Director, Illumina, Inc. (a life sciences company) (2017–Present). She was formerly Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Public Service Enterprise Group, Inc. (a generation and energy services company) (2009–2015); Senior Vice President, Merck & Co, Inc. (a pharmaceutical company) (2008-2009 and 1987–2007); Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Gilead Sciences, Inc. (a pharmaceutical company) (2007-2008); and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Avaya, Inc. (a technology company) (2007).

 

Trustee—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

  [     ]   Biogen Inc. (a biotechnology company); Intellia Therapeutics Inc. (a gene-editing company); Illumina, Inc. (a life sciences company)

Linda A. Lang

Age: [     ]

  Trustee   Since inception  

Ms. Lang is retired. She was formerly Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (2005–2014); and Director, President and Chief Operating Officer, Jack in the Box, Inc. (a restaurant company) (2003–2005). Previously, Ms. Lang served as an Advisory Board Member of Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund and Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund (February 2016 – March 2016).

 

Trustee—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

  [     ]   None

 

B-6


Name,

Address

and Age1

 

Position(s)

Held with

the Fund

 

Term of

Office and

Length of

Time Served2

 

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

 

Number of
Portfolios in
Fund Complex
Overseen by
Trustee3

 

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee4

Michael Latham

Age: [     ]

  Trustee   Since inception  

Mr. Latham is retired. Formerly, he held senior management positions with the iShares exchange-traded fund business, including Chairman (2011–2014); Global Head (2010–2011); U.S. Head (2007–2010); and Chief Operating Officer (2003–2007).

 

Trustee—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

  [     ]   None
         

Interested Trustee

 

Name,

Address

and Age1

 

Position(s)

Held with

the Fund

 

Term of

Office and

Length of

Time Served2

 

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

 

Number of
Portfolios in
Fund Complex
Overseen by
Trustee3

 

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee4

James A. McNamara

Age: [     ]

  President and Trustee   Since inception  

Advisory Director, Goldman Sachs (January 2018–Present); Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (January 2000–December 2017); Director of Institutional Fund Sales, GSAM (April 1998–December 2000); and Senior Vice President and Manager, Dreyfus Institutional Service Corporation (January 1993–April 1998).

 

President and Trustee—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

  [     ]   None

 

B-7


*

Mr. McNamara is considered to be an “Interested Trustee” because he holds positions with GS&Co. and owns securities issued by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. Mr. McNamara holds comparable positions with certain other companies of which GS&Co., GSAM or an affiliate thereof is the investment adviser, administrator and/or distributor.

1

Each Trustee may be contacted by writing to the Trustee, c/o Goldman Sachs, 200 West Street, New York, New York, 10282, Attn: Caroline Kraus.

2 

Subject to such policies as may be adopted by the Board from time-to-time, each Trustee holds office for an indefinite term, until the earliest of: (a) the election of his or her successor; (b) the date the Trustee resigns or is removed by the Board or shareholders, in accordance with the Fund’s Declaration of Trust; or (c) the termination of the Trust. The Board has adopted policies which provide that (a) no Trustee shall hold office for more than 15 years and (b) a Trustee shall retire as of December 31st of the calendar year in which he or she reaches his or her 74th birthday, unless a waiver of such requirement shall have been adopted by a majority of the other Trustees. These policies may be changed by the Trustees without shareholder approval.

3 

The Goldman Sachs Fund Complex includes certain other companies listed above for each respective Trustee. As of [    ], 2019, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust consisted of [    ] portfolios ([    ] of which offered shares to the public); Goldman Sachs Trust consisted of [    ] portfolios ([    ] of which offered shares to the public); Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust consisted of [    ] portfolios; Goldman Sachs Trust II consisted of [    ] portfolios ([    ] of which offered shares to the public); and Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund and Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund each consisted of one portfolio.

4 

This column includes only directorships of companies required to report to the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (i.e., “public companies”) or other investment companies registered under the 1940 Act.

The significance or relevance of a Trustee’s particular experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills is considered by the Board on an individual basis. Experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills common to all Trustees include the ability to critically review, evaluate and discuss information provided to them and to interact effectively with the other Trustees and with representatives of the Investment Adviser and its affiliates, other service providers, legal counsel and the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm, the capacity to address financial and legal issues and exercise reasonable business judgment, and a commitment to the representation of the interests of the Fund and its shareholders. The Governance and Nominating Committee’s charter contains certain other factors that are considered by the Governance and Nominating Committee in identifying and evaluating potential nominees to serve as Independent Trustees. Based on each Trustee’s experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills, considered individually and with respect to the experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills of other Trustees, the Board has concluded that each Trustee should serve as a Trustee. Below is a brief discussion of the experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills of each individual Trustee as of [ ] that led the Board to conclude that such individual should serve as a Trustee.

Lawrence W. Stranghoener. Mr. Stranghoener has served as a Trustee of the Fund since 2019 and Chairman of the Board of Trustees since 2019. Mr. Stranghoener is retired. Mr. Stranghoener is Chairman of the Board of Directors of Kennametal, Inc., a global manufacturer and distributor of tooling and industrial materials. He is also a member of the Board of Directors of Aleris Corporation and Aleris International, Inc., which provides aluminum rolled products and extrusions, aluminum recycling, and specification alloy production, where he chairs the Audit

 

B-8


Committee and also serves on the Compensation Committee. Previously, Mr. Stranghoener held several senior management positions at Mosaic Company, a fertilizer manufacturing company, where he worked for 10 years, most recently as Interim Chief Executive Officer, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. As Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer at Mosaic Company, Mr. Stranghoener implemented public company processes, policies and performance standards to transition the company from private to public ownership and oversaw the company’s controller, treasury, tax, investor relations, strategy and business development, and internal audit functions. He also led the integration of Mosaic Company with IMC Global, Inc. during their merger. Previously, Mr. Stranghoener served for three years as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for Thrivent Financial, a non-profit, financial services organization and Techies.com, an internet-based professional services company. Mr. Stranghoener also held several senior management positions at Honeywell International, Inc. where he worked for 17 years, most recently as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. In addition, he serves as Chairman of the Board of Regents of St. Olaf College. Based on the foregoing, Mr. Stranghoener is experienced with financial and investment matters.

Caroline Dorsa. Ms. Dorsa has served as a Trustee of the Fund since 2019. Ms. Dorsa is retired. Ms. Dorsa has been designated as the Board’s “audit committee financial expert” given her extensive accounting and finance experience. Ms. Dorsa is a member of the Board of Directors of Biogen Inc., a biotechnology company, where she chairs the Audit Committee and also serves on the Risk Committee. In addition, Ms. Dorsa also serves as a member of the Board of Directors of Intellia Therapeutics Inc., a gene-editing company, where she chairs the Audit Committee and serves on the Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. Furthermore, Ms. Dorsa serves as a member of the Board of Directors of Illumina, Inc., a life sciences company, where she serves on the Audit Committee. Previously, she served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Public Service Enterprise Group, Inc. (“PSEG”), a generation and energy services company. As Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Ms. Dorsa was responsible for finance, accounting and internal audit, risk management and investor relations. Prior to becoming Chief Financial Officer, she was a member of PSEG’s Board of Directors and a member of its Audit, Corporate Governance and Finance committees for six years. Prior to joining PSEG, Ms. Dorsa held various management positions at Merck &Co, Inc., where she worked for over 20 years, most recently in the position of Senior Vice President of Global Human Health Strategy and Integration. As Vice President and Treasurer of Merck from 1994 through 2006, her responsibilities also included the global tax function, transfer pricing, global entity management and financial planning for both the research and manufacturing divisions. Based on the foregoing, Ms. Dorsa is experienced with financial and investment matters.

Linda A. Lang. Ms. Lang has served as a Trustee of the Fund since 2019. Ms. Lang is retired. Previously, Ms. Lang held several senior management positions at Jack in the Box, Inc., a restaurant company listed on The NASDAQ Stock Market, where she worked for 30 years, most recently as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Over that time, she was involved in the areas of strategic planning, capital structure and deployment, and enterprise risk management. Ms. Lang previously served on the Board of Directors of the San Diego Regional Economic Development Corporation and as a Trustee of the California State University System. In addition, she also serves as a member of the Board of Directors of San Diego State University’s College of Business Administration and is a member of the Corporate Directors Forum. Based on the foregoing, Ms. Lang is experienced with financial and investment matters.

Michael Latham. Mr. Latham has served as a Trustee of the Fund since 2019. Mr. Latham is retired. Previously, he held several senior management positions for 15 years with the iShares exchange-traded fund business owned by BlackRock, Inc. and previously owned by Barclays Global Investors, most recently as Chairman and Global Head of the business. In that capacity he was one of the lead executives responsible for the growth of the business. He was also involved in governance of the iShares funds, serving initially as Principal Financial Officer and later as President and Principal Executive Officer and a member of the Board of Directors. Mr. Latham is a certified public accountant, and before joining Barclays Global Investors, he worked at Ernst and Young for over five years. Based on the foregoing, Mr. Latham is experienced with accounting, financial and investment matters.

James A. McNamara. Mr. McNamara has served as a Trustee and President of the Fund since 2019. He has also served as a Trustee and President of the Goldman Sachs Fund Complex since 2007 and has served as an officer of the Goldman Sachs Fund Complex since 2001. Mr. McNamara is an Advisory Director to Goldman Sachs. Prior to retiring as Managing Director at Goldman Sachs in 2017, Mr. McNamara was head of Global Third Party Distribution at GSAM and was previously head of U.S. Third Party Distribution. Prior to that role, Mr. McNamara

 

B-9


served as Director of Institutional Fund Sales. Prior to joining Goldman Sachs, Mr. McNamara was Vice President and Manager at Dreyfus Institutional Service Corporation. Based on the foregoing, Mr. McNamara is experienced with financial and investment matters.

Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares

The following table shows the dollar range of Shares beneficially owned by each Trustee in the Fund as of December 31, 2019, unless otherwise noted.

 

Name of Trustee

   Dollar Range of Shares in the
Fund*
   Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in all Portfolios in the Fund
Complex Overseen by Trustee (including
the Fund)

Lawrence W. Stranghoener

   None.    Over $100,000

Caroline Dorsa

   None.    Over $100,000

Linda A. Lang

   None.    Over $100,000

Michael Latham

   None.    Over $100,000

James A. McNamara

   None.    Over $100,000

 

*

As of December 31, 2019, the Fund had not commenced operations, and therefore the Trustees and Officers of the Fund did not own any shares of the Fund.

Board Compensation

Each Independent Trustee is compensated with a unitary annual fee for his or her services as trustee of the Fund and as a member of the Audit Committee, Compliance Committee, Contract Review Committee, and Governance and Nominating Committee. The Chairman and the Trustee designated as “audit committee financial expert” receive additional compensation for their services in such capacities. The Independent Trustees are also reimbursed for reasonable travel and other expenses incurred in connection with attending meetings. The Fund may also pay the reasonable incidental costs of a Trustee to attend training or other types of conferences relating to the investment company industry.

 

Name of Trustee

   Compensation from the
Fund*
     Pension or
Retirement Benefits
Accrued as Part of
the Fund’s
Expenses
     Total Compensation from
Fund Complex (including
the Fund)**
 

Lawrence W. Stranghoener1

   $ 8,750        0      $ 207,500  

Caroline Dorsa2

   $ 8,125        0      $ 181,250  

Linda A. Lang

   $ 7,500        0      $ 165,000  

Michael Latham

   $ 7,500        0      $ 165,000  

James A. McNamara3

     —          —          —    

 

*

The Fund has not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI. The compensation disclosed in this table is the estimated compensation from the Fund for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2020, under current compensation arrangements.

**

For the Independent Trustees, the Goldman Sachs Fund Complex includes Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund, and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust. For the Interested Trustee, the Goldman Sachs Fund Complex includes Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund, Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust, Goldman Sachs Trust II, and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

 

B-10


1

Includes compensation as the Board chair.

2 

Includes compensation as “audit committee financial expert,” as defined in Item 3 of Form N-CSR.

3 

Mr. McNamara is an Interested Trustee, and as such, receives no compensation from the Fund or the Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.

No compensation will be paid to trustees who are “interested persons,” as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, of the Fund.

Officers of the Fund

Information pertaining to the officers of the Fund as of [ ], 2020 is set forth below.

 


Name, Address and Age

  

Position(s) Held

with the Fund

  

Term of Office and

Length of Time

Served1

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

James A. McNamara

200 West Street

New York, NY

10282

Age: [     ]

   Trustee and President    Since inception   

Advisory Director, Goldman Sachs (January 2018 – Present); Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (January 2000 – December 2017); Director of Institutional Fund Sales, GSAM (April 1998 – December 2000); and Senior Vice President and Manager, Dreyfus Institutional Service Corporation (January 1993 – April 1998).

 

President and Trustee—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

Joseph F. DiMaria

30 Hudson Street

Jersey City, NJ

07302

Age: [     ]

   Treasurer, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer    Since inception   

Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (November 2015 – Present) and Vice President – Mutual Fund Administration, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (May 2010 – October 2015).

 

Treasurer, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund (previously Assistant Treasurer (2017)); Goldman Sachs Trust (previously Assistant Treasurer (2016)); Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust (previously Assistant Treasurer (2016)); Goldman Sachs Trust II (previously Assistant Treasurer (2017)); Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund (previously Assistant Treasurer (2017)); and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust (previously Assistant Treasurer (2017)).

 

B-11



Name, Address and Age

  

Position(s) Held

with the Fund

  

Term of Office and

Length of Time

Served1

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

Julien Yoo

200 West Street

New York, NY

10282

Age: [     ]

   Chief Compliance Officer    Since inception   

Vice President, Goldman Sachs (December 2014 – Present); Contingent Worker, Goldman Sachs (September 2013 – May 2014); and Vice President, Morgan Stanley Investment Management (2005 – 2010).

 

Chief Compliance Officer—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs BDC, Inc.; Goldman Sachs Private Middle Market Credit LLC; Goldman Sachs Private Middle Market Credit II LLC; Goldman Sachs Middle Market Lending Corp.; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

Peter W. Fortner

30 Hudson Street Jersey City, NJ

07302

Age: [     ]

   Assistant Treasurer    Since inception   

Vice President, Goldman Sachs (July 2000 – Present); and Principal Accounting Officer, Commerce Bank Mutual Fund Complex (2008 – Present).

 

Assistant Treasurer—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

Tyler Hanks

222 S. Main St

Salt Lake City, UT

84101

Age: [     ]

   Assistant Treasurer    Since inception   

Vice President, Goldman Sachs (January 2016 — Present); and Associate, Goldman Sachs (January 2014 — January 2016).

 

Assistant Treasurer — Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

Kirsten Frivold Imohiosen

200 West Street

New York, NY

10282

   Assistant Treasurer    Since 2019   

Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (January 2018 – Present); and Vice President, Goldman Sachs (May 1999 – December 2017).

 

Assistant Treasurer—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund; Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs BDC, Inc.; Goldman Sachs Private Middle Market Credit LLC; Goldman Sachs Private Middle Market Credit II LLC; and Goldman Sachs Middle Market Lending Corp.

 

B-12



Name, Address and Age

  

Position(s) Held

with the Fund

  

Term of Office and

Length of Time

Served1

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

Steven Z. Indich

30 Hudson Street

Jersey City, NJ

07302

   Assistant Treasurer    Since 2019   

Vice President, Goldman Sachs (February 2010 – Present).

 

Assistant Treasurer—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund; Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs BDC, Inc.; Goldman Sachs Private Middle Market Credit LLC; Goldman Sachs Private Middle Market Credit II LLC; and Goldman Sachs Middle Market Lending Corp.

Carol Liu

30 Hudson Street

Jersey City, NJ

07302

   Assistant Treasurer    Since 2019   

Vice President, Goldman Sachs (October 2017 – Present); Tax Director, The Raine Group LLC (August 2015 – October 2017); and Tax Director, Icon Investments LLC (January 2012 – August 2015).

 

Assistant Treasurer—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund; Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs BDC, Inc.; Goldman Sachs Private Middle Market Credit LLC; Goldman Sachs Private Middle Market Credit II LLC; and Goldman Sachs Middle Market Lending Corp.

Levee Brooks

200 West Street

New York, NY

10282

Age: [     ]

   Vice President    Since inception   

Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (2017 – Present); Vice President, Goldman Sachs (2009 – 2017); Associate, Goldman Sachs (2006 – 2009); Analyst, Goldman Sachs (2005 – 2006); and Chairman of the Board of Directors, Moogi, Inc. (2008 – 2013).

 

Vice President— Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

Patrick Hyland

200 West Street

New York, NY

10282

Age: [     ]

   Vice President    Since inception   

Vice President, Goldman Sachs (2010 – Present).

 

Vice President — Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

Michael Twohig

200 West Street

New York, NY

10282

Age: [     ]

   Vice President    Since inception   

Vice President, Goldman Sachs (2014 – Present).

Vice President—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

 

B-13



Name, Address and Age

  

Position(s) Held

with the Fund

  

Term of Office and

Length of Time

Served1

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During Past 5 Years

Caroline L. Kraus

200 West Street

New York, NY

10282

Age: [     ]

   Secretary    Since inception   

Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (January 2016 – Present); Vice President, Goldman Sachs (August 2006 – December 2015); Associate General Counsel, Goldman Sachs (2012 – Present); Assistant General Counsel, Goldman Sachs (August 2006 – December 2011); and Associate, Weil, Gotshal & Manges, LLP (2002 – 2006).

 

Secretary—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust (previously Assistant Secretary (2012)); Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust (previously Assistant Secretary (2012)); Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs BDC, Inc.; Goldman Sachs Private Middle Market Credit LLC; Goldman Sachs Private Middle Market Credit II LLC; Goldman Sachs Middle Market Lending Corp.; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

Robert Griffith

200 West Street

New York, NY

10282

Age: [     ]

   Assistant Secretary    Since inception   

Vice President, Goldman Sachs (August 2011 – Present); Associate General Counsel, Goldman Sachs (December 2014 – Present); Assistant General Counsel, Goldman Sachs (August 2011 – December 2014); Vice President and Counsel, Nomura Holding America, Inc. (2010 – 2011); and Associate, Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP (2005 – 2010).

 

Assistant Secretary—Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund; Goldman Sachs Trust; Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust; Goldman Sachs Trust II; Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund; and Goldman Sachs ETF Trust.

 

 

1 

Officers hold office at the pleasure of the Board or until their successors are duly elected and qualified. Each officer holds comparable positions with certain other companies of which GS&Co., GSAM or an affiliate thereof is the investment adviser, administrator and/or distributor.

Standing Board Committees

Audit Committee.

The Audit Committee oversees the audit process and provides assistance to the Board with respect to fund accounting, tax compliance and financial statement matters. In performing its responsibilities, the Audit Committee selects and recommends annually to the Board an independent registered public accounting firm to audit the books and records of the Fund for the ensuing year, and reviews with the firm the scope and results of each audit. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Audit Committee, and Ms. Dorsa serves as the Chair of the Audit Committee.

Governance and Nominating Committee.

The Governance and Nominating Committee has been established to: (i) assist the Board in matters involving fund governance, which includes making recommendations to the Board with respect to the effectiveness of the Board in carrying out its responsibilities in governing the Fund and overseeing its management; (ii) select and nominate candidates for appointment or election to serve as Independent Trustees; and (iii) advise the Board on ways to improve its effectiveness. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Governance and Nominating Committee. As stated above, each Trustee holds office for an indefinite term until the occurrence of certain events. In filling Board vacancies, the Governance and Nominating Committee will consider nominees properly recommended by the Fund’s shareholders. Nominee recommendations should be submitted to the Fund at its mailing address stated in the Fund’s Prospectus and should be directed to the attention of the Governance and Nominating Committee.

 

B-14


Compliance Committee.

The Compliance Committee has been established for the purpose of overseeing the Fund’s compliance processes: (i) of the Fund; and (ii) insofar as they relate to services provided to the Fund, of the Fund’s Investment Adviser, Distributor, administrator (if any), and Transfer Agent, except that compliance processes relating to the accounting and financial reporting processes, and certain related matters, are overseen by the Audit Committee. In addition, the Compliance Committee provides assistance to the full Board with respect to compliance matters. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Compliance Committee.

Valuation Committee.

The Valuation Committee is authorized to act for the Board in connection with the valuation of portfolio securities held by the Fund in accordance with the Fund’s Valuation Procedures. Messrs. McNamara and DiMaria serve on the Valuation Committee.

Contract Review Committee.

The Contract Review Committee has been established for the purpose of overseeing the processes of the Board for reviewing and monitoring performance under the Fund’s investment management, distribution, transfer agency, and certain other agreements with the Fund’s Investment Adviser and its affiliates. The Contract Review Committee is also responsible for overseeing the Board’s processes for considering and reviewing performance under the operation of the Fund’s distribution and service plan, and any agreements related to the plan. The Contract Review Committee also provides appropriate assistance to the Board in connection with the Board’s approval, oversight and review of the Fund’s other service providers, including, without limitation, the Fund’s custodian/accounting agent, sub-transfer agents, printing firms and professional firms (other than the Fund’s independent auditor, which is the responsibility of the Audit Committee). All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Contract Review Committee.

Because the Fund is newly organized, the above referenced committees did not meet during the prior fiscal year.

Risk Oversight

The Board is responsible for the oversight of the activities of the Fund, including oversight of risk management. Day-to-day risk management with respect to the Fund is the responsibility of GSAM or other service providers (depending on the nature of the risk), subject to supervision by GSAM. The risks of the Fund include, but are not limited to, liquidity risk, investment risk, compliance risk, operational risk, reputational risk, credit risk and counterparty risk. Each of GSAM and the other service providers have their own independent interest in risk management and their policies and methods of risk management may differ from the Fund’s and each other’s in the setting of priorities, the resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. As a result, the Board recognizes that it is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects, and that some risks are simply beyond the control of the Fund or GSAM, their respective affiliates or other service providers.

The Board effectuates its oversight role primarily through regular and special meetings of the Board and Board committees. In certain cases, risk management issues are specifically addressed in reports, presentations and discussions. In addition, investment risk is discussed in the context of regular presentations to the Board on Fund strategy. Other types of risk are addressed as part of presentations on related topics (e.g. compliance policies) or in the context of presentations focused specifically on one or more risks. The Board also receives reports from GSAM management on operational risks, reputational risks and counterparty risks relating to the Fund.

Board oversight of risk management is also performed by various Board committees. For example, the Audit Committee will meet with both the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm and GSAM’s internal audit group to review risk controls in place that support the Fund as well as test results, and the Compliance Committee will meet with the CCO and representatives of GSAM’s compliance group to review testing results of the Fund’s compliance policies and procedures and other compliance issues. Board oversight of risk is also performed as needed between meetings through communications between GSAM and the Board. The Board may, at any time and in its discretion, change the manner in which it conducts risk oversight. The Board’s oversight role does not make the Board a guarantor of the Fund’s investments or activities.

 

B-15


Codes of Ethics

The Fund and its Investment Adviser and Distributor have adopted codes of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. These codes of ethics establish, among other things, procedures for personal investments and restrict certain personal securities transactions, including transactions in securities that are held by us. Personnel subject to each code may invest in securities for their personal investment accounts, so long as such investments are made in accordance with the code’s requirements. These codes of ethics are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov, and copies of these codes of ethics may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following email address: publicinfo@sec.gov.

 

B-16


MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

As stated in the Fund’s Prospectus, GSAM, 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282, serves as Investment Adviser to the Fund. GSAM is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and an affiliate of GS&Co. See “Management of the Fund” in the Fund’s Prospectus for a description of the Investment Adviser’s duties to the Fund.

Founded in 1869, The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. is a publicly-held financial holding company and a leading global investment banking, securities and investment management firm. GS&Co. is a leader in developing portfolio strategies and in many fields of investing and financing, participating in financial markets worldwide and serving individuals, institutions, corporations and governments. GS&Co. is also among the principal market sources for current and thorough information on companies, industrial sectors, markets, economies and currencies, and trades and makes markets in a wide range of equity and debt securities 24 hours a day. The firm is headquartered in New York with offices in countries throughout the world. It has trading professionals throughout the United States, as well as in London, Frankfurt, Tokyo, Seoul, Sao Paulo and other major financial centers around the world. The active participation of GS&Co. in the world’s financial markets enhances its ability to identify attractive investments. GS&Co. has agreed to permit the Fund to use the name “Goldman Sachs” or a derivative thereof as part of the Fund’s name for as long as the Fund’s management agreement (the “Management Agreement”) is in effect.

The Management Agreement provides that GSAM, in its capacity as Investment Adviser, may render similar services to others so long as the services under such Management Agreement are not impaired thereby. The Management Agreement was approved by the Board, including a majority of the Trustees of the Board who are not parties to such agreement or “interested persons” (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of any party thereto (the “non-interested Trustees”), on December 2, 2019. A discussion regarding the Board’s basis for approving the Management Agreement will be available in the Fund’s [semi-]annual report for the period ending [    ].

The Management Agreement will remain in effect for an initial two-year period and will continue in effect with respect to the Fund from year to year thereafter provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by (i) the vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities by value or a majority of the Trustees, and (ii) the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.

The Management Agreement will terminate automatically if assigned (as defined in the 1940 Act). The Management Agreement is also terminable at any time without penalty by the Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities by value of the Fund on 60 days’ written notice to the Investment Adviser or by the Investment Adviser on 60 days’ written notice to the Fund.

In consideration of the advisory services provided by the Investment Adviser, the Investment Adviser is entitled to receive a monthly management fee (the “Management Fee”) at an annual rate equal to 1.50% of the average daily value of the Fund’s net assets. The Management Fee for any partial month will be appropriately prorated. Other investment companies in which the Fund invests will also be subject to management fees paid by those underlying investment companies to their respective investment advisers or managers. Those fees will have the effect of reducing returns to the Fund.

Since the Fund is newly organized, no management fees have been paid to GSAM as investment adviser to the Fund. For the last three fiscal years, the amounts of the fees (net of fee waivers, as applicable) paid by the Predecessor Fund to its investment adviser, Resource Alternative Advisor, LLC, were as follows:

 

B-17


Fiscal Year ended

September 30, 2019

   

Fiscal Year ended

September 30, 2018

   

Fiscal Year ended

September 30, 2017

 
Without Fee
Waivers
  With Fee
Waivers
    Without Fee
Waivers
    With Fee
Waivers
    Without Fee
Waivers
    With Fee
Waivers
 
$[    ]   $ [       $ [       $ [       $ [       $ [    

In addition to providing advisory services, under the Management Agreement, the Investment Adviser also, to the extent such services are not required to be performed by others pursuant to the fund administration and accounting agreement, the custodian agreement, the transfer agency agreement, distribution agreement or such other agreements with service providers to the Fund that the Board has approved: (i) supervises all non-advisory operations of the Fund; (ii) provides personnel to perform such executive, administrative and clerical services as are reasonably necessary to provide effective administration of the Fund; (iii) arranges for (at the Fund’s expense): (a) the preparation of all required tax returns, (b) the preparation and submission of reports to Shareholders, (c) the periodic updating of the Prospectus and this SAI and (d) the preparation of reports to be filed with the SEC and other regulatory authorities; (iv) maintains the Fund’s records; and (v) provides office space and all necessary office equipment and services.

 

B-18


Portfolio Managers – Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers

The following table discloses accounts within each type of category listed below for which the portfolio managers are jointly and primarily responsible for day to day portfolio management as of [    ], unless otherwise indicated.

For each portfolio manager listed below, the total number of accounts managed is a reflection of accounts within the strategy they oversee or manage, as well as accounts which participate in the sector in which they manage. There are multiple portfolio managers involved with each account.

 

     Number of Other Accounts Managed and Total Assets1 by  Account Type   Number of Accounts and Total Assets1  for Which Advisory Fee is Performance-Based
     Registered Investment
Companies
  Other Pooled
Investment Vehicles2
  Other Accounts3   Registered Investment
Companies
  Other Pooled
Investment Vehicles2
  Other Accounts3
     Number of
Accounts
  Assets
Managed
  Number of
Accounts
  Assets
Managed
  Number of
Accounts
  Assets
Managed
  Number of
Accounts
  Assets
Managed
  Number of
Accounts
  Assets
Managed
  Number of
Accounts
  Assets
Managed
Portfolio Management Team                         

Mike Swell

   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]

Steve Bossi

   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]

Brendan McGovern

   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]   [    ]   $[    ]

 

Footnotes:

1.

Asset information is in USD billions unless otherwise specified.

2.

“Other Pooled Investment Vehicles” includes private investment funds and SICAVs.

3.

“Other Accounts” includes a separately managed account platform, advisory mutual fund platform, advisory relationships and others. For purposes of the above, a platform is included as a single account.

 

B-19


Conflicts of Interest. The Investment Adviser’s portfolio managers are often responsible for managing the Fund as well as other registered funds, accounts, including proprietary accounts, separate accounts and other pooled investment vehicles, such as unregistered private funds. A portfolio manager may manage a separate account or other pooled investment vehicle which may have materially higher fee arrangements than the Fund and may also have a performance-based fee. The side-by-side management of these funds may raise potential conflicts of interest relating to cross trading, the allocation of investment opportunities and the aggregation and allocation of trades.

The Investment Adviser has a fiduciary responsibility to manage all client accounts in a fair and equitable manner. To this end, the Investment Adviser has developed policies and procedures designed to mitigate and manage the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from side-by-side management. In addition, the Investment Adviser and the Fund have adopted policies limiting the circumstances under which cross-trades may be effected between the Fund and another client account. The Investment Adviser conducts periodic reviews of trades for consistency with these policies. For more information about conflicts of interests that may arise in connection with a portfolio manager’s management of the Fund’s investments and the investments of other accounts, see “POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.”

The Fund’s investment objective and investment strategies are similar to those of other accounts managed or sponsored by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates (“Accounts”), and an investment appropriate for the Fund may also be appropriate for those Accounts. This creates potential conflicts in allocating investment opportunities among the Fund and such other Accounts, particularly in circumstances where the availability of such investment opportunities is limited, where the liquidity of such investment opportunities is limited or where co-investments by the Fund and other Accounts are not permitted under applicable law.

The 1940 Act limits the ability of the Fund to participate in transactions with certain related parties. In this regard, the Fund is generally prohibited from buying or selling any assets from or to, or entering into certain “joint” transactions with, its “affiliated persons” (within the meaning of the 1940 Act), and affiliated persons of such affiliated persons, except as may be permitted by SEC rules, no-action relief, or an exemptive order. “Affiliated persons” of the Fund include (among other persons) the Investment Adviser; any person that owns, directly or indirectly, five percent or more of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities; any person five percent or more of whose securities are owned by the Fund; and persons that control, are controlled by, or are under common control with, the Fund (including other investment vehicles managed by the Investment Adviser).

The Fund may also invest alongside other Accounts advised by the Investment Adviser and its affiliates in certain circumstances where doing so is consistent with applicable law and SEC staff guidance and interpretations. For example, the Fund may invest alongside such Accounts consistent with guidance promulgated by the staff of the SEC permitting the Fund and such other Accounts to purchase interests in a single class of privately placed securities so long as certain conditions are met, including that the Investment Adviser, acting on the Fund’s behalf and on behalf of its other clients, negotiates no term other than price. The Fund may also invest alongside the Investment Adviser’s other clients as otherwise permissible under SEC staff guidance and interpretations, applicable regulations and the allocation policy of the Investment Adviser.

Subject to applicable law, the Fund may invest alongside the Investment Adviser and the Accounts that it manages. In certain circumstances, negotiated co-investments by the Fund and other funds managed by the Investment Adviser may be made only pursuant to an order from the SEC permitting the Fund to do so. The Fund may rely on an exemptive order from the SEC that permits the Fund to participate in negotiated co-investment transactions with certain affiliated funds, whose investment adviser is GSAM, in a manner consistent with its investment objective, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions, as well as regulatory requirements and pursuant to the conditions required by the exemptive relief. Pursuant to the exemptive relief, the Board may establish criteria, which may be amended, rescinded, suspended or qualified by the Board at any time, describing the characteristics of potential investments that would be within the Fund’s then-current investment objective and strategies that GSAM should consider as appropriate for co-investment for the Fund and other funds managed by the Investment Adviser. As a result of such order, there could be significant overlap in the Fund’s investment portfolio and the investment portfolios of other funds managed by the Investment Adviser. Pursuant to the exemptive order, among other things the Fund’s Independent Trustees must not have any direct or indirect financial interest in the co-investment transaction. Such limitation may restrict the availability of investment opportunities due to the financial interests of the Fund’s Independent Trustees.

 

B-20


To address these potential conflicts, the Investment Adviser has developed allocation policies and procedures that provide that personnel of the Investment Adviser making portfolio decisions for Accounts will make purchase and sale decisions and allocate investment opportunities among Accounts consistent with its fiduciary obligations. To the extent permitted by applicable law, these policies and procedures may result in the pro rata allocation of limited opportunities across eligible Accounts managed by a particular portfolio management team, but in many other cases the allocations reflect numerous other factors as described below. There will be cases where certain Accounts receive an allocation of an investment opportunity when the Fund does not and vice versa.

Personnel of the Investment Adviser involved in decision-making for Accounts may make allocation related decisions for the Fund and other Accounts by reference to one or more factors, including: the Account’s portfolio and its investment horizons, objectives, guidelines and restrictions (including legal and regulatory restrictions); strategic fit and other portfolio management considerations, including different desired levels of investment for different strategies; the expected future capacity of the applicable Accounts; cash and liquidity considerations; and the availability of other appropriate investment opportunities. Suitability considerations, reputational matters and other considerations may also be considered. The application of these considerations may cause differences in the performance of different Accounts that have similar strategies. In addition, in some cases the Investment Adviser may make investment recommendations to Accounts where the Accounts make the investment independently of the Investment Adviser, which may result in a reduction in the availability of the investment opportunity for other Accounts (including the Fund) irrespective of the Investment Adviser’s policies regarding allocation of investments. Additional information about the Investment Adviser’s allocation policies is set forth in Item 6 (“Performance-based Fees and Side-by-Side Management—Side-by-Side Management of Advisory Accounts; Allocation of Opportunities”) of the Investment Adviser’s Form ADV.

Portfolio Managers’ Compensation

Compensation for portfolio managers of the Investment Adviser is comprised of a base salary and year-end discretionary variable compensation. The base salary is fixed from year to year. Year-end discretionary variable compensation is primarily a function of each portfolio manager’s individual performance and his or her contribution to overall team performance; the performance of the Investment Adviser and Goldman Sachs; the team’s net revenues for the past year which is primarily derived from advisory fees; and anticipated compensation levels among competitor firms. Portfolio managers are rewarded, in part, for their delivery of investment performance, which is reasonably expected to meet or exceed the expectations of clients and fund shareholders in terms of: excess return over an applicable benchmark, peer group ranking, risk management and factors specific to the funds such as yield or regional focus. Performance is judged over 1-, 3- and 5-year time horizons.

For compensation purposes, the benchmark for the Fund is [    ].

The discretionary variable compensation for portfolio managers is also significantly influenced by various factors, including: (1) effective participation in team discussions and process; and (2) management of risk in alignment with the targeted risk parameter and investment objective of the Fund. Other factors may also be considered including: (1) general client/investor orientation and (2) teamwork and leadership. Portfolio managers may receive equity-based awards as part of their discretionary variable compensation.

Other Compensation—In addition to base salary and year-end discretionary variable compensation, the Investment Adviser has a number of additional benefits in place including (1) a 401(k) program that enables employees to direct a percentage of their base salary and bonus income into a tax-qualified retirement plan; and (2) investment opportunity programs in which certain professionals may participate subject to certain eligibility requirements.

Portfolio Managers — Portfolio Managers’ Ownership of Shares in the Fund

The Fund was not in operation prior to the date of this SAI. Consequently, the portfolio managers own no Shares in the Fund.

 

B-21


POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

General Categories of Conflicts Associated with the Fund

Goldman Sachs (which, for purposes of this “POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST” section, shall mean, collectively, The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., the Investment Adviser and their affiliates, directors, partners, trustees, managers, members, officers and employees) is a worldwide, full-service investment banking, broker-dealer, asset management and financial services organization and a major participant in global financial markets. As such, it provides a wide range of financial services to a substantial and diversified client base that includes corporations, financial institutions, governments and high net-worth individuals. Goldman Sachs acts as an investment banker, research provider, investment adviser, financier, adviser, market maker, prime broker, derivatives dealer, lender, counterparty, agent, principal and investor. In those and other capacities, Goldman Sachs advises clients in all markets and transactions and purchases, sells, holds and recommends a broad array of investments, including securities, derivatives, loans, commodities, currencies, credit default swaps, indices, baskets and other financial instruments and products, for its own account and for the accounts of clients and of its personnel, through client accounts and the relationships and products it sponsors, manages and advises. Goldman Sachs has direct and indirect interests in the global fixed income, currency, commodity, equities, bank loan and other markets, and the securities and issuers, in which the Funds may directly and indirectly invest. As a result, Goldman Sachs’ activities and dealings may affect the Funds in ways that may disadvantage or restrict the Funds and/or benefit Goldman Sachs or other Accounts. For purposes of this “POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST” section, “Funds” shall mean, collectively, the Fund and any of the other Goldman Sachs Funds, and “Accounts” shall mean Goldman Sachs’ own accounts, accounts in which personnel of Goldman Sachs have an interest, accounts of Goldman Sachs’ clients, including separately managed accounts (or separate accounts), and investment vehicles that Goldman Sachs sponsors, manages or advises, including the Funds.

The following are descriptions of certain conflicts of interest and potential conflicts of interest that may be associated with the financial or other interests that the Investment Adviser and Goldman Sachs may have in transactions effected by, with, or on behalf of the Funds. In addition, the Investment Adviser’s activities on behalf of certain other entities that are not investment advisory clients of the Investment Adviser may create conflicts of interest between such entities, on the one hand, and Accounts (including the Funds), on the other hand, that are the same as or similar to the conflicts that arise between the Funds and other Accounts, as described herein. The conflicts herein do not purport to be a complete list or explanation of the conflicts associated with the financial or other interests the Investment Adviser or Goldman Sachs may have now or in the future. Additional information about potential conflicts of interest regarding the Investment Adviser and Goldman Sachs is set forth in the Investment Adviser’s Form ADV. A copy of Part 1 and Part 2A of the Investment Adviser’s Form ADV is available on the SEC’s website (www.adviserinfo.sec.gov).

The Sale of Fund Shares and the Allocation of Investment Opportunities

Sales Incentives and Related Conflicts Arising from Goldman Sachs’ Financial and Other Relationships with Intermediaries

Goldman Sachs and its personnel, including employees of the Investment Adviser, may receive benefits and earn fees and compensation for services provided to Accounts (including the Funds) and in connection with the distribution of the Funds. Any such fees and compensation may be paid directly or indirectly out of the fees payable to the Investment Adviser in connection with the management of such Accounts (including the Funds). Moreover, Goldman Sachs and its personnel, including employees of the Investment Adviser, may have relationships (both involving and not involving the Funds, and including without limitation placement, brokerage, advisory and board relationships) with distributors, consultants and others who recommend, or engage in transactions with or for, the Funds. Such distributors, consultants and other parties may receive compensation from Goldman Sachs or the Funds in connection with such relationships. As a result of these relationships, distributors, consultants and other parties may have conflicts that create incentives for them to promote the Funds.

To the extent permitted by applicable law, Goldman Sachs and the Funds may make payments to authorized dealers and other financial intermediaries and to salespersons to promote the Funds. These payments may be made out of Goldman Sachs’ assets or amounts payable to Goldman Sachs. These payments may create an incentive for such persons to highlight, feature or recommend the Funds.

 

B-22


Allocation of Investment Opportunities Among the Funds and Other Accounts

The Investment Adviser may manage or advise multiple Accounts (including Accounts in which Goldman Sachs and its personnel have an interest) that have investment objectives that are the same or similar to the Funds and that may seek to make or sell investments in the same securities or other instruments, sectors or strategies as the Funds. This creates potential conflicts, particularly in circumstances where the availability or liquidity of such investment opportunities is limited (e.g., in real estate assets, primary investments and secondary interests in private investment funds, direct or indirect investments in and co-investments alongside private investment funds, local and emerging markets, high yield securities, fixed income securities, regulated industries, small capitalization, investments in master limited partnerships in the oil and gas industry and initial public offerings/new issues).

The Investment Adviser does not receive performance-based compensation in respect of its investment management activities on behalf of the Funds, but may simultaneously manage Accounts for which the Investment Adviser receives greater fees or other compensation (including performance-based fees or allocations) than it receives in respect of the Funds. The simultaneous management of Accounts that pay greater fees or other compensation and the Funds creates a conflict of interest as the Investment Adviser has an incentive to favor Accounts with the potential to receive greater fees when allocating resources, services, functions or investment opportunities among Accounts. For instance, the Investment Adviser may be faced with a conflict of interest when allocating scarce investment opportunities given the possibly greater fees from Accounts that pay performance-based fees. To address these types of conflicts, the Investment Adviser has adopted policies and procedures under which it will allocate investment opportunities in a manner that it believes is consistent with its obligations and fiduciary duties as an investment adviser. However, the availability, amount, timing, structuring or terms of an investment by the Funds may differ from, and performance may be lower than, the investments and performance of other Accounts.

To address these potential conflicts, the Investment Adviser has developed allocation policies and procedures that provide that the Investment Adviser’s personnel making portfolio decisions for Accounts will make investment decisions for, and allocate investment opportunities among, such Accounts consistent with the Investment Adviser’s fiduciary obligations. These policies and procedures may result in the pro rata allocation (on a basis determined by the Investment Adviser) of limited opportunities across eligible Accounts managed by a particular portfolio management team, but in other cases such allocation may not be pro rata.

Allocation-related decisions for the Funds and other Accounts may be made by reference to one or more factors. Factors may include: the Account’s portfolio and its investment horizons, objectives, guidelines and restrictions (including legal and regulatory restrictions affecting certain Accounts or affecting holdings across Accounts); client instructions; strategic fit and other portfolio management considerations, including different desired levels of exposure to certain strategies; the expected future capacity of the Funds and the applicable Accounts; limits on the Investment Adviser’s brokerage discretion; cash and liquidity needs and other considerations; the availability of other appropriate or substantially similar investment opportunities; and differences in benchmark factors and hedging strategies among Accounts. Suitability considerations, reputational matters and other considerations may also be considered.

In a case in which one or more Accounts are intended to be the Investment Adviser’s primary investment vehicles focused on, or to receive priority with respect to, a particular trading strategy, other Accounts (including the Funds) may not have access to such strategy or may have more limited access than would otherwise be the case. To the extent that such Accounts are managed by areas of Goldman Sachs other than the Investment Adviser, such Accounts will not be subject to the Investment Adviser’s allocation policies. Investments by such Accounts may reduce or eliminate the availability of investment opportunities to, or otherwise adversely affect, the Fund. Furthermore, in cases in which one or more Accounts are intended to be the Investment Adviser’s primary investment vehicles focused on, or receive priority with respect to, a particular trading strategy or type of investment, such Accounts may have specific policies or guidelines with respect to Accounts or other persons receiving the opportunity to invest alongside such Accounts with respect to one or more investments (“Co-Investment Opportunities”). As a result, certain Accounts or other persons will receive allocations to, or rights to invest in, Co-Investment Opportunities that are not available generally to the Funds.

In addition, in some cases the Investment Adviser may make investment recommendations to Accounts that make investment decisions independently of the Investment Adviser. In circumstances in which there is limited availability of an investment opportunity, if such Accounts invest in the investment opportunity at the same time as, or prior to, the Fund, the availability of the investment opportunity for the Fund will be reduced irrespective of the Investment Adviser’s policies regarding allocations of investments.

 

B-23


The Investment Adviser may, from time to time, develop and implement new trading strategies or seek to participate in new trading strategies and investment opportunities. These strategies and opportunities may not be employed in all Accounts or employed pro rata among Accounts where they are used, even if the strategy or opportunity is consistent with the objectives of such Accounts. Further, a trading strategy employed for the Fund that is similar to, or the same as, that of another Account may be implemented differently, sometimes to a material extent. For example, the Fund may invest in different securities or other assets, or invest in the same securities and other assets but in different proportions, than another Account with the same or similar trading strategy. The implementation of the Fund’s trading strategy will depend on a variety of factors, including the portfolio managers involved in managing the trading strategy for the Account, the time difference associated with the location of different portfolio management teams, and the factors described above and in Item 6 (“PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT—Side-by-Side Management of Advisory Accounts; Allocation of Opportunities”) of the Investment Adviser’s Form ADV.

During periods of unusual market conditions, the Investment Adviser may deviate from its normal trade allocation practices. For example, this may occur with respect to the management of unlevered and/or long-only Accounts that are typically managed on a side-by-side basis with levered and/or long-short Accounts.

The Investment Adviser and the Funds may receive notice of, or offers to participate in, investment opportunities from third parties for various reasons. The Investment Adviser in its sole discretion will determine whether the Fund will participate in any such investment opportunities and investors should not expect that the Fund will participate in any such investment opportunities unless the opportunities are received pursuant to contractual requirements, such as preemptive rights or rights offerings, under the terms of the Fund’s investments. Moreover, Goldman Sachs businesses outside of the Investment Adviser are under no obligation or other duty to provide investment opportunities to the Funds, and generally are not expected to do so. Further, opportunities sourced within particular portfolio management teams within the Investment Adviser may not be allocated to Accounts (including the Funds) managed by such teams or by other teams. Opportunities not allocated (or not fully allocated) to the Funds or other Accounts managed by the Investment Adviser may be undertaken by Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser), including for Goldman Sachs Accounts, or made available to other Accounts or third parties, and the Funds will not receive any compensation related to such opportunities. Additional information about the Investment Adviser’s allocation policies is set forth in Item 6 (“PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT—Side-by-Side Management of Advisory Accounts; Allocation of Opportunities”) of the Investment Adviser’s Form ADV.

As a result of the various considerations above, there will be cases in which certain Accounts (including Accounts in which Goldman Sachs and personnel of Goldman Sachs have an interest) receive an allocation of an investment opportunity at times that the Funds do not, or when the Funds receive an allocation of such opportunities but on different terms than other Accounts (which may be less favorable). The application of these considerations may cause differences in the performance of different Accounts that employ strategies the same or similar to those of the Funds.

Multiple Accounts (including the Funds) may participate in a particular investment or incur expenses applicable in connection with the operation or management of the Accounts, or otherwise may be subject to costs or expenses that are allocable to more than one Account (which may include, without limitation, research expenses, technology expenses, expenses relating to participation in bondholder groups, restructurings, class actions and other litigation, and insurance premiums). The Investment Adviser may allocate investment-related and other expenses on a pro rata or different basis. Expenses are generally allocated to Accounts (including the Funds) based on whose behalf the expenses are incurred. Where the Funds and one or more other Accounts participate in a particular investment or collectively incur other expenses, the Investment Adviser generally allocates investment-related and other expenses in a manner the Investment Adviser determines to be fair and equitable, which may be pro rata or on a different basis.

Accounts will generally incur expenses with respect to the consideration and pursuit of transactions that are not ultimately consummated (“broken-deal expenses”). Examples of broken-deal expenses include (i) research costs, (ii) fees and expenses of legal, financial, accounting, consulting or other advisers (including the Investment Adviser or its affiliates) in connection with conducting due diligence or otherwise pursuing a particular non-consummated transaction, (iii) fees and expenses in connection with arranging financing for a particular non-consummated transaction, (iv) travel and entertainment costs, (v) deposits or down payments that are forfeited in connection with, or amounts paid as a penalty for, a particular non-consummated transaction and (vi) other expenses incurred in connection with activities related to a particular non-consummated transaction.

 

B-24


The Investment Adviser has adopted a policy relating to the allocation of broken-deal expenses among Accounts (including the Funds) and other potential investors. Pursuant to the policy, broken-deal expenses generally will be allocated among Accounts in the manner that the Investment Adviser determines to be fair and equitable, which may be pro rata or on a different basis.

Goldman Sachs’ Financial and Other Interests May Incentivize Goldman Sachs to Promote the Sale of Fund Shares

Goldman Sachs and its personnel have interests in promoting sales of Fund shares, and the compensation from such sales may be greater than the compensation relating to sales of interests in other Accounts. Therefore, Goldman Sachs and its personnel may have a financial interest in promoting Fund shares over interests in other Accounts.

Management of the Funds by the Investment Adviser

Considerations Relating to Information Held by Goldman Sachs

Goldman Sachs has established certain information barriers and other policies to address the sharing of information between different businesses within Goldman Sachs. As a result of information barriers, the Investment Adviser generally will not have access, or will have limited access, to certain information and personnel in other areas of Goldman Sachs relating to business transactions for clients (including transactions in investing, banking, prime brokerage and certain other areas), and generally will not manage the Funds with the benefit of information held by such other areas. Goldman Sachs, due to its access to and knowledge of funds, markets and securities based on its prime brokerage and other businesses, may make decisions based on information or take (or refrain from taking) actions with respect to interests in investments of the kind held (directly or indirectly) by the Funds in a manner that may be adverse to the Funds, and will not have any obligation or other duty to share information with the Investment Adviser.

In limited circumstances, however, including for purposes of managing business and reputational risk, and subject to policies and procedures, personnel on one side of an information barrier may have access to information and personnel on the other side of the information barrier through “wall crossings.” The Investment Adviser faces conflicts of interest in determining whether to engage in such wall crossings. Information obtained in connection with such wall crossings may limit or restrict the ability of the Investment Adviser to engage in or otherwise effect transactions on behalf of the Funds (including purchasing or selling securities that the Investment Adviser may otherwise have purchased or sold for an Account in the absence of a wall crossing). In managing conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of the foregoing, the Investment Adviser generally will be subject to fiduciary requirements.

Information barriers also exist between certain businesses within the Investment Adviser, and the conflicts described herein with respect to information barriers and otherwise with respect to Goldman Sachs and the Investment Adviser will also apply to the businesses within the Investment Adviser. There may also be circumstances in which, as a result of information held by certain portfolio management teams in the Investment Adviser, the Investment Adviser limits an activity or transaction for the Fund, including if the Fund is managed by a portfolio management team other than the team holding such information.

In addition, regardless of the existence of information barriers, Goldman Sachs will not have any obligation or other duty to make available for the benefit of the Funds any information regarding Goldman Sachs’ trading activities, strategies or views, or the activities, strategies or views used for other Accounts. Furthermore, to the extent that the Investment Adviser has access to fundamental analysis and proprietary technical models or other information developed by Goldman Sachs and its personnel, or other parts of the Investment Adviser, the Investment Adviser will not be under any obligation or other duty to effect transactions on behalf of Accounts (including the Funds) in accordance with such analysis and models. In the event Goldman Sachs elects not to share certain information with the Investment Adviser or personnel involved in decision-making for Accounts (including the Funds), the Funds may make investment decisions that differ from those they would have made if Goldman Sachs had provided such information, which may be disadvantageous to the Funds.

 

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Different areas of the Investment Adviser and Goldman Sachs may take views, and make decisions or recommendations, that are different than other areas of the Investment Adviser and Goldman Sachs. Different portfolio management teams within the Investment Adviser may make decisions based on information or take (or refrain from taking) actions with respect to Accounts they advise in a manner that may be different than or adverse to the Funds. Such teams may not share information with the Funds’ portfolio management teams, including as a result of certain information barriers and other policies, and will not have any obligation or other duty to do so.

Goldman Sachs operates a business known as Goldman Sachs Securities Services (“GSS”), which provides prime brokerage, administrative and other services to clients which may involve investment funds (including pooled investment vehicles and private funds) in which one or more Accounts invest (“Underlying Funds”) or markets and securities in which Accounts invest. GSS and other parts of Goldman Sachs have broad access to information regarding the current status of certain markets, investments and funds and detailed information about fund operators that is not available to the Investment Adviser. In addition, Goldman Sachs may act as a prime broker to one or more Underlying Funds, in which case Goldman Sachs will have information concerning the investments and transactions of such Underlying Funds that is not available to the Investment Adviser. As a result of these and other activities, parts of Goldman Sachs may be in possession of information in respect of markets, investments, investment advisers that are affiliated or unaffiliated with Goldman Sachs and Underlying Funds, which, if known to the Investment Adviser, might cause the Investment Adviser to seek to dispose of, retain or increase interests in investments held by Accounts or acquire certain positions on behalf of Accounts, or take other actions. Goldman Sachs will be under no obligation or other duty to make any such information available to the Investment Adviser or personnel involved in decision-making for Accounts (including the Funds).

Valuation of the Funds’ Investments

The Investment Adviser, while not the primary valuation agent of the Funds, performs certain valuation services related to securities and assets held in the Funds. The Investment Adviser performs such valuation services in accordance with its valuation policies. The Investment Adviser may value an identical asset differently than another division or unit within Goldman Sachs values the asset, including because such other division or unit has information or uses valuation techniques and models that it does not share with, or that are different than those of, the Investment Adviser. This is particularly the case in respect of difficult-to-value assets. The Investment Adviser may also value an identical asset differently in different Accounts, including because different Accounts are subject to different valuation guidelines pursuant to their respective governing agreements (e.g., in connection with certain regulatory restrictions applicable to different Accounts), different third-party vendors are hired to perform valuation functions for the Accounts, the Accounts are managed or advised by different portfolio management teams within the Investment Adviser that employ different valuation policies or procedures, or otherwise. The Investment Adviser will face a conflict with respect to valuations generally because of their effect on the Investment Adviser’s fees and other compensation. Furthermore, the application of particular valuation policies with respect to the Funds may result in improved performance of the Funds.

Goldman Sachs’ and the Investment Adviser’s Activities on Behalf of Other Accounts

Goldman Sachs engages in a variety of activities in the global financial markets. The extent of Goldman Sachs’ activities in the global financial markets, including without limitation in its capacity as an investment banker, research provider, investment adviser, financier, adviser, market maker, prime broker, derivatives dealer, lender, counterparty, agent, principal and investor, as well as in other capacities, may have potential adverse effects on the Funds.

The Investment Adviser provides advisory services to the Funds. The Investment Adviser’s decisions and actions on behalf of the Funds may differ from those on behalf of other Accounts. Advice given to, or investment or voting decisions made for, one or more Accounts may compete with, affect, differ from, conflict with, or involve timing different from, advice given to or investment decisions made for the Funds. Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser), the clients it advises, and its personnel have interests in and advise Accounts that have investment objectives or portfolios similar to, related to or opposed to those of the Funds. Goldman Sachs may receive greater fees or other compensation (including performance-based fees) from such Accounts than it does from the Funds. In addition, Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser), the clients it advises, and its personnel may engage (or consider engaging) in commercial arrangements or transactions with Accounts, and/or may compete for commercial

 

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arrangements or transactions in the same types of companies, assets, securities and other instruments, as the Funds. Decisions and actions of the Investment Adviser on behalf of the Funds may differ from those by Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) on behalf of other Accounts, including Accounts sponsored, managed or advised by the Investment Adviser. Advice given to, or investment or voting decisions made for, the Funds may compete with, affect, differ from, conflict with, or involve timing different from, advice given to, or investment or voting decisions made for, other Accounts, including Accounts sponsored, managed or advised by the Investment Adviser. Additionally, as described below, the Investment Adviser faces conflicts of interest arising out of Goldman Sachs’ relationships and business dealings in connection with decisions to take or refrain from taking certain actions on behalf of Accounts when doing so would be adverse to Goldman Sachs’ relationships or other business dealings with such parties.

Transactions by, advice to and activities of Accounts (including with respect to investment decisions, voting and the enforcement of rights) may involve the same or related companies, securities or other assets or instruments as those in which the Funds invest, and such Accounts may engage in a strategy while the Fund is undertaking the same or a differing strategy, any of which could directly or indirectly disadvantage the Fund (including its ability to engage in a transaction or other activities) or the prices or terms at which the Fund’s transactions or other activities may be effected.

Moreover, Goldman Sachs may be engaged to provide advice to an Account that is considering entering into a transaction with the Fund, and Goldman Sachs may advise the Account not to pursue the transaction with the Fund, or otherwise in connection with a potential transaction provide advice to the Account that would be adverse to the Fund. Additionally, the Fund may buy a security and an Account may establish a short position in that same security or in similar securities. This short position may result in the impairment of the price of the security that the Fund holds or may be designed to profit from a decline in the price of the security. The Fund could similarly be adversely impacted if it establishes a short position, following which an Account takes a long position in the same security or in similar securities. In addition, Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) may make filings in connection with a shareholder class action lawsuit or similar matter involving a particular security on behalf of an Account (including the Fund), but not on behalf of a different Account (including the Fund) that holds or held the same security, or that is invested in or has extended credit to different parts of the capital structure of the same issuer.

To the extent the Fund engages in transactions in the same or similar types of securities or other investments as other Accounts, the Fund and other Accounts may compete for such transactions or investments, and transactions or investments by such other Accounts may negatively affect the transactions of the Fund (including the ability of the Fund to engage in such a transaction or investment or other activities), or the price or terms at which the Fund’s transactions or investments or other activities may be effected. In some cases, such adverse impacts may result from differences in the timing of transactions by Accounts relative to when the Fund executes transactions in the same securities. Moreover, the Fund, on the one hand, and Goldman Sachs or other Accounts, on the other hand, may vote differently on or take or refrain from taking different actions with respect to the same security, which may be disadvantageous to the Fund. Accounts may also have different rights in respect of an investment with the same issuer, or invest in different classes of the same issuer that have different rights, including, without limitation, with respect to liquidity. The determination to exercise such rights by the Investment Adviser on behalf of such other Accounts may have an adverse effect on the Funds.

Goldman Sachs (including, as applicable, the Investment Adviser) and its personnel, when acting as an investment banker, research provider, investment adviser, financier, adviser, market maker, prime broker, derivatives dealer, lender, counterparty or investor, or in other capacities, may advise on transactions, make investment decisions or recommendations, provide differing investment views or have views with respect to research or valuations that are inconsistent with, or adverse to, the interests and activities of the Funds. Shareholders may be offered access to advisory services through several different Goldman Sachs advisory businesses (including Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and the Investment Adviser). Different advisory businesses within Goldman Sachs manage Accounts according to different strategies and may also apply different criteria to the same or similar strategies and may have differing investment views in respect of an issuer or a security or other investment. Similarly, within the Investment Adviser, certain investment teams or portfolio managers may have differing or opposite investment views in respect of an issuer or a security, and the positions the Fund’s investment team or portfolio managers take in respect of the Fund may be inconsistent with, or adversely affected by, the interests and activities of the Accounts advised by other investment teams or portfolio managers of the Investment Adviser. Research, analyses or viewpoints may be available to clients

 

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or potential clients at different times. Goldman Sachs will not have any obligation or other duty to make available to the Funds any research or analysis prior to its public dissemination. The Investment Adviser is responsible for making investment decisions on behalf of the Funds, and such investment decisions can differ from investment decisions or recommendations by Goldman Sachs on behalf of other Accounts. Goldman Sachs, on behalf of one or more Accounts, may implement an investment decision or strategy ahead of, or contemporaneously with, or behind similar investment decisions or strategies made for the Funds (whether or not the investment decisions emanate from the same research analysis or other information). The relative timing for the implementation of investment decisions or strategies for Accounts (including Accounts sponsored, managed or advised by the Investment Adviser), on the one hand, and the Funds, on the other hand, may disadvantage the Funds. Certain factors, for example, market impact, liquidity constraints, or other circumstances, could result in the Funds receiving less favorable investment or trading results or incurring increased costs associated with implementing such investment decisions or strategies, or being otherwise disadvantaged.

Subject to applicable law, the Investment Adviser may cause the Funds to invest in securities, bank loans or other obligations of companies affiliated with or advised by Goldman Sachs or in which Goldman Sachs or Accounts have an equity, debt or other interest, or to engage in investment transactions that may result in other Accounts being relieved of obligations or otherwise divested of investments, which may enhance the profitability of Goldman Sachs’ or other Accounts’ investment in and activities with respect to such companies. Goldman Sachs may, in its discretion, recommend that the Funds have ongoing business dealings, arrangements or agreements with persons who are (i) former employees of Goldman Sachs, (ii) affiliates or other portfolio companies of Goldman Sachs or other Accounts, (iii) Goldman Sachs’ employees’ family members and/or relatives and/or certain of their portfolio companies or (iv) persons otherwise associated with an investor in an Account or a portfolio company or service provider of Goldman Sachs or an Account. The Funds may bear, directly or indirectly, the costs of such dealings, arrangements or agreements. These recommendations, and recommendations relating to continuing any such dealings, arrangements or agreements, may pose conflicts of interest and may be based on differing incentives due to Goldman Sachs’ relationships with such persons. In particular, when acting on behalf of, and making decisions for, Accounts, the Investment Adviser may take into account Goldman Sachs’ interests in maintaining its relationships and business dealings with such persons. As a result, the Investment Adviser faces conflicts of interest arising out of Goldman Sachs’ relationships and business dealings in connection with decisions to take or refrain from taking certain actions on behalf of Accounts when doing so would be adverse to Goldman Sachs’ relationships or other business dealings with such parties.

When the Investment Adviser wishes to place an order for different types of Accounts (including the Funds) for which aggregation is not practicable, the Investment Adviser may use a trade sequencing and rotation policy to determine which type of Account is to be traded first. Under this policy, each portfolio management team may determine the length of its trade rotation period and the sequencing schedule for different categories of clients within this period provided that the trading periods and these sequencing schedules are designed to be fair and equitable over time. The portfolio management teams currently base their trading periods and rotation schedules on the relative amounts of assets managed for different client categories (e.g., unconstrained client accounts, “wrap program” accounts, etc.) and, as a result, the Funds may trade behind other Accounts. Within a given trading period, the sequencing schedule establishes when and how frequently a given client category will trade first in the order of rotation. The Investment Adviser may deviate from the predetermined sequencing schedule under certain circumstances, and the Investment Adviser’s trade sequencing and rotation policy may be amended, modified or supplemented at any time without prior notice to clients.

Potential Conflicts Relating to Follow-On Investments

From time to time, the Investment Adviser may provide opportunities to Accounts (including potentially the Funds) to make investments in companies in which certain Accounts have already invested. Such follow-on investments can create conflicts of interest, such as the determination of the terms of the new investment and the allocation of such opportunities among Accounts (including the Funds). Follow-on investment opportunities may be available to the Funds notwithstanding that the Funds have no existing investment in the issuer, resulting in the assets of the Funds potentially providing value to, or otherwise supporting the investments of, other Accounts. Accounts (including the Funds) may also participate in releveraging, recapitalization, and similar transactions involving companies in which other Accounts have invested or will invest. Conflicts of interest in these and other transactions may arise between Accounts (including the Funds) with existing investments in a company and Accounts making subsequent investments in the company, which may have opposing interests regarding pricing and other terms. The subsequent investments may dilute or otherwise adversely affect the interests of the previously-invested Accounts (including the Funds).

 

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Diverse Interests of Shareholders

The various types of investors in and beneficiaries of the Funds, including to the extent applicable the Investment Adviser and its affiliates, may have conflicting investment, tax and other interests with respect to their interests in the Funds. When considering a potential investment for the Fund, the Investment Adviser will generally consider the investment objectives of the Fund, not the investment objectives of any particular investor or beneficiary. The Investment Adviser may make decisions, including with respect to tax matters, from time to time that may be more beneficial to one type of investor or beneficiary than another, or to the Investment Adviser and its affiliates than to investors or beneficiaries unaffiliated with the Investment Adviser. In addition, Goldman Sachs may face certain tax risks based on positions taken by the Funds, including as a withholding agent. Goldman Sachs reserves the right on behalf of itself and its affiliates to take actions adverse to the Funds or other Accounts in these circumstances, including withholding amounts to cover actual or potential tax liabilities.

Selection of Service Providers

The Funds expect to engage service providers (including attorneys and consultants) that may also provide services to Goldman Sachs and other Accounts. In addition, certain service providers to the Investment Adviser or Funds may also be portfolio companies or other affiliates of the Investment Adviser or Accounts (for example, a portfolio company of an Account may retain a portfolio company of another Account). To the extent it is involved in such selection, the Investment Adviser intends to select these service providers based on a number of factors, including expertise and experience, knowledge of related or similar products, quality of service, reputation in the marketplace, relationships with the Investment Adviser, Goldman Sachs or others, and price. These service providers may have business, financial, or other relationships with Goldman Sachs (including its personnel), which may influence the Investment Adviser’s selection of these service providers for the Funds. In such circumstances, there may be a conflict of interest between Goldman Sachs (acting on behalf of the Funds) and the Funds or between Funds if the Funds determine not to engage or continue to engage these service providers.

The Investment Adviser may, in its sole discretion, determine to provide, or engage or recommend an affiliate of the Investment Adviser to provide, certain services to the Funds, instead of engaging or recommending one or more third parties to provide such services. Subject to the governance requirements of a particular Fund and applicable law, the Investment Adviser or its affiliates, as applicable, will receive compensation in connection with the provision of such services. As a result, the Investment Adviser faces a conflict of interest when selecting service providers for the Funds. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the selection of service providers for the Funds will be conducted in accordance with the Investment Adviser’s fiduciary obligations to the Funds. The service providers selected by the Investment Adviser may charge different rates to different recipients based on the specific services provided, the personnel providing the services, the complexity of the services provided or other factors. As a result, the rates paid with respect to these service providers by the Fund, on the one hand, may be more or less favorable than the rates paid by Goldman Sachs, including the Investment Adviser, on the other hand. In addition, the rates paid by the Investment Adviser or the Funds, on the one hand, may be more or less favorable than the rates paid by other parts of Goldman Sachs or Accounts managed by other parts of Goldman Sachs, on the other hand. Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser), its personnel, and/or Accounts may hold investments in companies that provide services to entities in which the Funds invest generally, and, subject to applicable law, the Investment Adviser may refer or introduce such companies’ services to entities that have issued securities held by the Funds.

Investments in Goldman Sachs Funds

To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Funds may invest in money market and other funds sponsored, managed or advised by Goldman Sachs. In connection with any such investments, the Fund, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, will pay all advisory, administrative or Rule 12b-1 fees applicable to the investment, and certain Funds that invest in other funds sponsored, managed or advised by Goldman Sachs pay advisory fees to the Investment Adviser that are not reduced by any fees payable by such other funds to Goldman Sachs as manager of such other funds (i.e., there will be “double fees” involved in making any such investment, which would not arise in connection with the direct allocation of assets by investors in the Funds to such other funds), other than in certain specified cases, including as may be required by applicable law. In such circumstances, as well as in all other circumstances in which Goldman Sachs receives any fees or other compensation in any form relating to the provision of services, no accounting or repayment to the Funds will be required.

 

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Goldman Sachs May In-Source or Outsource

Subject to applicable law, Goldman Sachs, including the Investment Adviser, may from time to time and without notice to investors in-source or outsource certain processes or functions in connection with a variety of services that it provides to the Funds in its administrative or other capacities. Such in-sourcing or outsourcing may give rise to additional conflicts of interest.

Goldman Sachs May Act in a Capacity Other Than Investment Adviser to the Funds

Investments in Different Parts of an Issuer’s Capital Structure

Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) or Accounts, on the one hand, and the Funds, on the other hand, may invest in or extend credit to different parts of the capital structure of a single issuer. As a result, Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) or Accounts may take actions that adversely affect the Funds. In addition, Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) may advise Accounts with respect to different parts of the capital structure of the same issuer, or classes of securities that are subordinate or senior to securities, in which the Funds invest. Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) may pursue rights, provide advice or engage in other activities, or refrain from pursuing rights, providing advice or engaging in other activities, on behalf of itself or other Accounts with respect to an issuer in which the Funds have invested, and such actions (or refraining from action) may have a material adverse effect on the Funds.

For example, in the event that Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) or an Account holds loans, securities or other positions in the capital structure of an issuer that ranks senior in preference to the holdings of the Fund in the same issuer, and the issuer experiences financial or operational challenges, Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser), acting on behalf of itself or the Account, may seek a liquidation, reorganization or restructuring of the issuer, or terms in connection with the foregoing, that may have an adverse effect on or otherwise conflict with the interests of the Fund’s holdings in the issuer. In connection with any such liquidation, reorganization or restructuring, the Fund’s holdings in the issuer may be extinguished or substantially diluted, while Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) or another Account may receive a recovery of some or all of the amounts due to them. In addition, in connection with any lending arrangements involving the issuer in which Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) or an Account participates, Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) or the Account may seek to exercise its rights under the applicable loan agreement or other document, which may be detrimental to the Fund. In situations in which Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) holds positions in multiple parts of the capital structure of an issuer across Accounts (including the Funds), the Investment Adviser may not pursue actions or remedies that may be available to the Fund, as a result of legal and regulatory requirements or otherwise.

These potential issues are examples of conflicts that Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) will face in situations in which the Funds, and Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) or other Accounts, invest in or extend credit to different parts of the capital structure of a single issuer. Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) addresses these issues based on the circumstances of particular situations. For example, Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) may determine to rely on information barriers between different Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) business units or portfolio management teams. Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) may determine to rely on the actions of similarly situated holders of loans or securities rather than, or in connection with, taking such actions itself on behalf of the Funds.

As a result of the various conflicts and related issues described above and the fact that conflicts will not necessarily be resolved in favor of the interests of the Funds, the Funds could sustain losses during periods in which Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) and other Accounts (including Accounts sponsored, managed or advised by the Investment Adviser) achieve profits generally or with respect to particular holdings in the same issuer, or could achieve lower profits or higher losses than would have been the case had the conflicts described above not existed. The negative effects described above may be more pronounced in connection with transactions in, or the Funds’ use of, small capitalization, emerging market, distressed or less liquid strategies.

 

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Principal and Cross Transactions

When permitted by applicable law and the Investment Adviser’s policies, the Investment Adviser, acting on behalf of the Funds, may enter into transactions in securities and other instruments with or through Goldman Sachs or in Accounts managed by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates, and may (but is under no obligation or other duty to) cause the Funds to engage in transactions in which the Investment Adviser acts as principal on its own behalf (principal transactions), advises both sides of a transaction (cross transactions) and acts as broker for, and receives a commission from, the Funds on one side of a transaction and a brokerage account on the other side of the transaction (agency cross transactions). There may be potential conflicts of interest, regulatory issues or restrictions contained in the Investment Adviser’s internal policies relating to these transactions which could limit the Investment Adviser’s determination to engage in these transactions for Accounts (including the Funds). In certain circumstances such as when Goldman Sachs is the only or one of a few participants in a particular market or is one of the largest such participants, such limitations may eliminate or reduce the availability of certain investment opportunities to Accounts (including the Funds) or impact the price or terms on which transactions relating to such investment opportunities may be effected.

Goldman Sachs will have a potentially conflicting division of loyalties and responsibilities to the parties in such transactions. The Investment Adviser has developed policies and procedures in relation to such transactions and conflicts. Cross transactions may disproportionately benefit some Accounts relative to other Accounts, including the Funds, due to the relative amount of market savings obtained by the Accounts. Principal, cross or agency cross transactions will be effected in accordance with fiduciary requirements and applicable law (which may include disclosure and consent).

Goldman Sachs May Act in Multiple Commercial Capacities

To the extent permitted by applicable law, Goldman Sachs may act as broker, dealer, agent, counterparty, lender or advisor or in other commercial capacities for the Funds or issuers of securities held by the Funds. Goldman Sachs may be entitled to compensation in connection with the provision of such services, and the Funds will not be entitled to any such compensation. Goldman Sachs will have an interest in obtaining fees and other compensation in connection with such services that are favorable to Goldman Sachs, and in connection with providing such services may take commercial steps in its own interest, or may advise the parties to which it is providing services, or take other actions, any of which may have an adverse effect on the Funds. For example, Goldman Sachs may require repayment of all or part of a loan from a company in which an Account (including the Fund) holds an interest, which could cause the company to default or be required to liquidate its assets more rapidly, which could adversely affect the value of the company and the value of the Funds invested therein. Goldman Sachs may also advise such a company to make changes to its capital structure the result of which would be a reduction in the value or priority of a security held (directly or indirectly) by one or more Funds. Actions taken or advised to be taken by Goldman Sachs in connection with other types of transactions may also result in adverse consequences for the Funds. Goldman Sachs may also provide various services to companies in which the Funds have an interest, or to the Funds, which may result in fees, compensation and remuneration as well as other benefits, to Goldman Sachs. Such fees, compensation and remuneration may be substantial. Providing services to the Funds and companies (or their personnel) in which the Funds invest may enhance Goldman Sachs’ relationships with various parties, facilitate additional business development and enable Goldman Sachs to obtain additional business and generate additional revenue.

Goldman Sachs’ activities on behalf of its clients may also restrict investment opportunities that may be available to the Funds. For example, Goldman Sachs is often engaged by companies as a financial advisor, or to provide financing or other services, in connection with commercial transactions that may be potential investment opportunities for the Funds. There may be circumstances in which the Funds are precluded from participating in such transactions as a result of Goldman Sachs’ engagement by such companies. Goldman Sachs reserves the right to act for these companies in such circumstances, notwithstanding the potential adverse effect on the Funds. Goldman Sachs may also represent creditor or debtor companies in proceedings under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (and equivalent non-U.S. bankruptcy laws) or prior to these filings. From time to time, Goldman Sachs may serve on creditor or equity committees. These actions, for which Goldman Sachs may be compensated, may limit or preclude the flexibility that the Funds may otherwise have to buy or sell securities issued by those companies, as well as certain other assets. Please also see “—Management of the Funds by the Investment Adviser—Considerations Relating to Information Held by Goldman Sachs” above and “—Potential Limitations and Restrictions on Investment Opportunities and Activities of Goldman Sachs and the Funds” below.

 

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Subject to applicable law, the Investment Adviser may cause the Funds to invest in securities, bank loans or other obligations of companies affiliated with or advised by Goldman Sachs or in which Goldman Sachs or Accounts have an equity, debt or other interest, or to engage in investment transactions that may result in Goldman Sachs or other Accounts being relieved of obligations or otherwise divested of investments. For example, subject to applicable law the Fund may acquire securities or indebtedness of a company affiliated with Goldman Sachs directly or indirectly through syndicate or secondary market purchases, or may make a loan to, or purchase securities from, a company that uses the proceeds to repay loans made by Goldman Sachs. These activities by the Fund may enhance the profitability of Goldman Sachs or other Accounts with respect to their investment in and activities relating to such companies. The Fund will not be entitled to compensation as a result of this enhanced profitability.

To the extent permitted by applicable law, Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) may create, write, sell, issue, invest in or act as placement agent or distributor of derivative instruments related to the Funds, or with respect to underlying securities or assets of the Funds, or which may be otherwise based on or seek to replicate or hedge the performance of the Funds. Such derivative transactions, and any associated hedging activity, may differ from and be adverse to the interests of the Funds.

Goldman Sachs may make loans to, or enter into margin, asset-based or other credit facilities or similar transactions with, clients, companies or individuals that may (or may not) be secured by publicly or privately held securities or other assets, including a client’s Fund shares as described above. Some of these borrowers may be public or private companies, or founders, officers or shareholders in companies in which the Funds (directly or indirectly) invest, and such loans may be secured by securities of such companies, which may be the same as, pari passu with, or more senior or junior to, interests held (directly or indirectly) by the Funds. In connection with its rights as lender, Goldman Sachs may act to protect its own commercial interest and may take actions that adversely affect the borrower, including by liquidating or causing the liquidation of securities on behalf of a borrower or foreclosing and liquidating such securities in Goldman Sachs’ own name. Such actions may adversely affect the Funds (e.g., if a large position in a security is liquidated, among the other potential adverse consequences, the value of such security may decline rapidly and the Funds may in turn decline in value or may be unable to liquidate their positions in such security at an advantageous price or at all). In addition, Goldman Sachs may make loans to shareholders or enter into similar transactions that are secured by a pledge of, or mortgage over, a shareholder’s Fund shares, which would provide Goldman Sachs with the right to redeem or repurchase such Fund shares in the event that such shareholder defaults on its obligations. These transactions and related redemptions or repurchases may be significant and may be made without notice to the shareholders.

Code of Ethics and Personal Trading

Each of the Fund and Goldman Sachs, as the Fund’s Investment Adviser and Distributor, has adopted a Code of Ethics (the “Code of Ethics”) in compliance with Section 17(j) of the 1940 Act designed to provide that personnel of the Investment Adviser, and certain additional Goldman Sachs personnel who support the Investment Adviser, comply with applicable federal securities laws and place the interests of clients first in conducting personal securities transactions. The Code of Ethics imposes certain restrictions on securities transactions in the personal accounts of covered persons to help avoid conflicts of interest. Subject to the limitations of the Code of Ethics, covered persons may buy and sell securities or other investments for their personal accounts, including investments in the Fund, and may also take positions that are the same as, different from, or made at different times than, positions taken (directly or indirectly) by the Funds. The Codes of Ethics are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. Copies may also be obtained after paying a duplicating fee by electronic request to publicinfo@sec.gov. Additionally, all Goldman Sachs personnel, including personnel of the Investment Adviser, are subject to firm-wide policies and procedures regarding confidential and proprietary information, information barriers, private investments, outside business activities and personal trading.

Proxy Voting by the Investment Adviser

The Investment Adviser has implemented processes designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions that it makes on behalf of advisory clients, including the Funds, and to help ensure that such decisions

 

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are made in accordance with its fiduciary obligations to its clients. Notwithstanding such proxy voting processes, proxy voting decisions made by the Investment Adviser in respect of securities held by the Funds may benefit the interests of Goldman Sachs and/or Accounts other than the Funds. For a more detailed discussion of these policies and procedures, see the section of this SAI entitled “PROXY VOTING.”

Potential Limitations and Restrictions on Investment Opportunities and Activities of Goldman Sachs and the Funds

The Investment Adviser may restrict its investment decisions and activities on behalf of the Funds in various circumstances, including as a result of applicable regulatory requirements, information held by the Investment Adviser or Goldman Sachs, Goldman Sachs’ roles in connection with other clients and in the capital markets (including in connection with advice it may give to such clients or commercial arrangements or transactions that may be undertaken by such clients or by Goldman Sachs), Goldman Sachs’ internal policies and/or potential reputational risk in connection with Accounts (including the Funds). The Investment Adviser might not engage in transactions or other activities for, or enforce certain rights in favor of, one or more Funds due to Goldman Sachs’ activities outside the Funds (e.g., the Investment Adviser may refrain from making investments for the Funds that would cause Goldman Sachs to exceed position limits or cause Goldman Sachs to have additional disclosure obligations and may limit purchases or sales of securities in respect of which Goldman Sachs is engaged in an underwriting or other distribution) and regulatory requirements, policies and reputational risk assessments.

In addition, the Investment Adviser may restrict, limit or reduce the amount of the Fund’s investment, or restrict the type of governance or voting rights it acquires or exercises, where the Fund (potentially together with Goldman Sachs and other Accounts) exceeds a certain ownership interest, or possesses certain degrees of voting or control or has other interests. For example, such limitations may exist if a position or transaction could require a filing or license or other regulatory or corporate consent, which could, among other things, result in additional costs and disclosure obligations for, or impose regulatory restrictions on, Goldman Sachs, including the Investment Adviser, or on other Accounts, or where exceeding a threshold is prohibited or may result in regulatory or other restrictions. In certain cases, restrictions and limitations will be applied to avoid approaching such threshold. Circumstances in which such restrictions or limitations may arise include, without limitation: (i) a prohibition against owning more than a certain percentage of an issuer’s securities; (ii) a “poison pill” that could have a dilutive impact on the holdings of the Fund should a threshold be exceeded; (iii) provisions that would cause Goldman Sachs to be considered an “interested stockholder” of an issuer; (iv) provisions that may cause Goldman Sachs to be considered an “affiliate” or “control person” of the issuer; and (v) the imposition by an issuer (through charter amendment, contract or otherwise) or governmental, regulatory or self-regulatory organization (through law, rule, regulation, interpretation or other guidance) of other restrictions or limitations.

When faced with the foregoing limitations, Goldman Sachs may avoid exceeding the threshold because exceeding the threshold could have an adverse impact on the ability of the Investment Adviser or Goldman Sachs to conduct its business activities. The Investment Adviser may also reduce the Fund’s interest in, or restrict the Fund from participating in, an investment opportunity that has limited availability or where Goldman Sachs has determined to cap its aggregate investment in consideration of certain regulatory or other requirements so that other Accounts that pursue similar investment strategies may be able to acquire an interest in the investment opportunity. The Investment Adviser may determine not to engage in certain transactions or activities which may be beneficial to the Funds because engaging in such transactions or activities in compliance with applicable law would result in significant cost to, or administrative burden on, the Investment Adviser or create the potential risk of trade or other errors.

The Investment Adviser generally is not permitted to use material non-public information in effecting purchases and sales in transactions for the Funds that involve public securities. The Investment Adviser may limit an activity or transaction (such as a purchase or sale transaction) which might otherwise be engaged in by the Funds, including as a result of information held by Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser or its personnel). For example, directors, officers and employees of Goldman Sachs may take seats on the boards of directors of, or have board of directors observer rights with respect to, companies in which Goldman Sachs invests on behalf of the Funds. To the extent a director, officer or employee of Goldman Sachs were to take a seat on the board of directors of, or have board of directors observer rights with respect to, a public company, the Investment Adviser (or certain of its investment teams) may be limited and/or restricted in its or their ability to trade in the securities of the company. In addition, any such director, officer or employee of Goldman Sachs that is a member of the board of directors of a portfolio company may have duties in his or her capacity as a director that conflict with the Investment Adviser’s duties to Accounts, and may act in a manner that may disadvantage or otherwise harm the Fund and/or Goldman Sachs.

 

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Different areas of Goldman Sachs may come into possession of material non-public information regarding an issuer of securities held by an Underlying Fund in which an Account invests. In the absence of information barriers between such different areas of Goldman Sachs, the Account may be prohibited, including by internal policies, from redeeming from such Underlying Fund during the period such material non-public information is held by such other part of Goldman Sachs, which period may be substantial. As a result, the Account may not be permitted to redeem from an Underlying Fund in whole or in part during periods when it otherwise would have been able to do so, which could adversely affect the Account. Other investors in the Underlying Fund that are not subject to such restrictions may be able to redeem from the Underlying Fund during such periods.

In addition, the Investment Adviser’s clients may partially or fully fund a new Account with in-kind securities in which the Investment Adviser may be restricted. In such circumstances, the Investment Adviser may sell any such securities at the next available trading window, subject to operational and technological limitations (unless such securities are subject to another express arrangement). As a result, such Accounts may be required to dispose of investments at an earlier or later date and/or at a less favorable price than would otherwise have been the case had the Investment Adviser not been so restricted. Accounts will be responsible for all tax liabilities that result from any such sale transactions.

The Investment Adviser operates a program reasonably designed to ensure compliance generally with economic and trade sanctions-related obligations applicable directly to its activities (although such obligations are not necessarily the same obligations that the Funds may be subject to). Such economic and trade sanctions may prohibit, among other things, transactions with and the provision of services to, directly or indirectly, certain countries, territories, entities and individuals. These economic and trade sanctions, and the application by the Investment Adviser of its compliance program in respect thereof, may restrict or limit the Funds’ investment activities.

The Investment Adviser may determine to limit or not engage at all in transactions and activities on behalf of the Funds for reputational or other reasons. Examples of when such determinations may be made include, but are not limited to, where Goldman Sachs is providing (or may provide) advice or services to an entity involved in such activity or transaction, where Goldman Sachs or an Account is or may be engaged in the same or a related activity or transaction to that being considered on behalf of the Funds, where Goldman Sachs or an Account has an interest in an entity involved in such activity or transaction, where there are political, public relations, or other reputational considerations relating to counterparties or other participants in such activity or transaction or where such activity or transaction on behalf of or in respect of the Funds could affect in tangible or intangible ways Goldman Sachs, the Investment Adviser, an Account or their activities.

In order to engage in certain transactions on behalf of the Fund, the Investment Adviser will also be subject to (or cause the Fund to become subject to) the rules, terms and/or conditions of any venues through which it trades securities, derivatives or other instruments. This includes, but is not limited to, where the Investment Adviser and/or the Fund may be required to comply with the rules of certain exchanges, execution platforms, trading facilities, clearinghouses and other venues, or may be required to consent to the jurisdiction of any such venues. The rules, terms and/or conditions of any such venue may result in the Investment Adviser and/or the Fund being subject to, among other things, margin requirements, additional fees and other charges, disciplinary procedures, reporting and recordkeeping, position limits and other restrictions on trading, settlement risks and other related conditions on trading set out by such venues.

From time to time, the Fund, the Investment Adviser or its affiliates and/or their service providers or agents may be required, or may determine that it is advisable, to disclose certain information about the Fund, including, but not limited to, investments held by the Fund, and the names and percentage interest of beneficial owners thereof (and the underlying beneficial owners of such beneficial owners), to third parties, including local governmental authorities, regulatory organizations, taxing authorities, markets, exchanges, clearing facilities, custodians, brokers and trading counterparties of, or service providers to, the Investment Adviser or the Fund. The Investment Adviser generally expects to comply with requests to disclose such information as it so determines, including through electronic delivery platforms; however, the Investment Adviser may determine to cause the sale of certain assets for the Fund rather than make certain required disclosures, and such sale may be at a time that is inopportune from a pricing or other standpoint.

 

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In addition, the Investment Adviser may provide third parties with aggregated data regarding the activities of, or certain performance or other metrics associated with the Accounts, and the Investment Adviser may receive compensation from such third parties for providing them such information.

Goldman Sachs may become subject to additional restrictions on its business activities that could have an impact on the Funds’ activities. In addition, the Investment Adviser may restrict its investment decisions and activities on behalf of the Funds and not other Accounts, including Accounts sponsored, managed or advised by the Investment Adviser.

Brokerage Transactions

The Investment Adviser often selects U.S. and non-U.S. broker-dealers (including affiliates of the Investment Adviser) that furnish the Investment Adviser, the Funds, Investment Adviser affiliates and other Goldman Sachs personnel with proprietary or third party brokerage and research services (collectively, “brokerage and research services”) that provide, in the Investment Adviser’s view, appropriate assistance to the Investment Adviser in the investment decision-making process. These brokerage and research services may be bundled with the trade execution, clearing or settlement services provided by a particular broker-dealer and, subject to applicable law, the Investment Adviser may pay for such brokerage and research services with client commissions (or “soft dollars”). There may be instances or situations in which such practices are subject to restrictions under applicable law. For example, the EU’s Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II (“MiFID II”) restricts EU domiciled investment advisers from receiving research and other materials that do not qualify as “acceptable minor non-monetary benefits” from broker-dealers unless the research or materials are paid for by the investment advisers from their own resources or from research payment accounts funded by and with the agreement of their clients.

Accounts may differ with regard to whether and to what extent they pay for brokerage and research services through commissions and, subject to applicable law, brokerage and research services may be used to service the Funds and any or all other Accounts throughout the Investment Adviser, including Accounts that do not pay commissions to the broker-dealer relating to the brokerage and research service arrangements. As a result, brokerage and research services (including soft dollar benefits) may disproportionately benefit other Accounts relative to the Funds based on the relative amount of commissions paid by the Funds and in particular those Accounts that do not pay for brokerage and research services or do so to a lesser extent, including in connection with the establishment of maximum budgets for research costs (and switching to execution-only pricing when maximums are met). The Investment Adviser does not attempt to allocate soft dollar benefits proportionately among clients or to track the benefits of brokerage and research services to the commissions associated with a particular Account or group of Accounts.

Aggregation of Orders by the Investment Adviser

The Investment Adviser follows policies and procedures pursuant to which it may (but is not required to) combine or aggregate purchase or sale orders for the same security or other instrument for multiple Accounts (including Accounts in which Goldman Sachs or personnel of Goldman Sachs have an interest) (sometimes referred to as “bunching”), so that the orders can be executed at the same time and block trade treatment of any such orders can be elected when available. The Investment Adviser aggregates orders when the Investment Adviser considers doing so to be operationally feasible and appropriate and in the interests of its clients and may elect block trade treatment when available. In addition, under certain circumstances orders for the Funds may be aggregated with orders for Accounts that contain Goldman Sachs assets.

When a bunched order or block trade is completely filled, or if the order is only partially filled, at the end of the day, the Investment Adviser generally will allocate the securities or other instruments purchased or the proceeds of any sale pro rata among the participating Accounts, based on the Funds’ relative sizes. If an order is filled at several different prices, through multiple trades (whether at a particular broker-dealer or among multiple broker-dealers), generally all participating Accounts will receive the average price and pay the average commission, however, this may not always be the case (due to, e.g., odd lots, rounding, market practice or constraints applicable to particular Accounts).

Although it may do so in certain circumstances, the Investment Adviser does not always bunch or aggregate orders for different Funds, elect block trade treatment or net buy and sell orders for the same Fund, if portfolio management decisions relating to the orders are made by different portfolio management teams or if different portfolio management

 

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processes are used for different account types, if bunching, aggregating, electing block trade treatment or netting is not appropriate or practicable from the Investment Adviser’s operational or other perspective, or if doing so would not be appropriate in light of applicable regulatory considerations. For example, time zone differences, trading instructions, cash flows, separate trading desks or portfolio management processes may, among other factors, result in separate, non-aggregated, non-netted executions, with orders in the same instrument being entered for different Accounts at different times or, in the case of netting, buy and sell trades for the same instrument being entered for the same Account. The Investment Adviser may be able to negotiate a better price and lower commission rate on aggregated orders than on orders for Funds that are not aggregated, and incur lower transaction costs on netted orders than orders that are not netted. The Investment Adviser is under no obligation or other duty to aggregate or net for particular orders. Where orders for the Fund are not aggregated with other orders, or not netted against orders for the Fund or other Accounts, the Fund will not benefit from a better price and lower commission rate or lower transaction cost that might have been available had the orders been aggregated or netted. Aggregation and netting of orders may disproportionately benefit some Accounts relative to other Accounts, including the Fund, due to the relative amount of market savings obtained by the Accounts. The Investment Adviser may aggregate orders of Accounts that are subject to MiFID II (“MiFID II Advisory Accounts”) with orders of Accounts not subject to MiFID II, including those that generate soft dollar commissions (including the Funds) and those that restrict the use of soft dollars. All Accounts included in an aggregated order with MiFID II Advisory Accounts pay (or receive) the same average price for the security and the same execution costs (measured by rate). However, MiFID II Advisory Accounts included in an aggregated order may pay commissions at “execution-only” rates below the total commission rates paid by Accounts included in the aggregated order that are not subject to MiFID II.

 

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PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

The Investment Adviser is responsible for decisions to buy and sell investments for the Fund, the selection of brokers and dealers to effect the transactions and the negotiation of brokerage commissions, if any. Purchases and sales of investments may be executed internally by a broker-dealer, effected on an agency basis in a block transaction, or routed to competing market centers for execution. The compensation paid to the broker for providing execution services generally is negotiated and reflected in either a commission or a “net” price. Executions provided on a net price basis, with dealers acting as principal for their own accounts without a stated commission, usually include a profit to the dealer. In underwritten offerings, securities are purchased at a fixed price which includes an amount of compensation to the underwriter, generally referred to as the underwriter’s concession or discount. On occasion, certain money market instruments may be purchased directly from an issuer, in which case no commissions or discounts are paid.

In placing orders for portfolio securities or other financial instruments of the Fund, the Investment Adviser is generally required to give primary consideration to obtaining the most favorable execution and net price available. This means that the Investment Adviser will seek to execute each transaction at a price and commission, if any, which provides the most favorable total cost or proceeds reasonably attainable in the circumstances. As permitted by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Section 28(e)”), the Fund may pay a broker which provides brokerage and research services to the Fund an amount of disclosed commission in excess of the commission which another broker would have charged for effecting that transaction. Such practice is subject to a good faith determination that such commission is reasonable in light of the services provided and to such policies as the Board may adopt from time to time. While the Investment Adviser generally seeks reasonably competitive spreads or commissions, the Fund will not necessarily be paying the lowest spread or commission available. Within the framework of this policy, the Investment Adviser will consider research and investment services provided by brokers or dealers who effect or are parties to portfolio transactions of the Fund, the Investment Adviser and its affiliates, or their other clients. Such research and investment services are those which brokerage houses customarily provide to institutional investors and include research reports on particular industries and companies; economic surveys and analyses; recommendations as to specific securities; research products, including quotation equipment and computer related programs; advice concerning the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities and the availability of securities or the purchasers or sellers of securities; analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy and performance of accounts; services relating to effecting securities transactions and functions incidental thereto (such as clearance and settlement); and other lawful and appropriate assistance to the Investment Adviser in the performance of its decision-making responsibilities.

Such services are used by the Investment Adviser in connection with all of its investment activities, and some of such services obtained in connection with the execution of transactions for the Fund may be used in managing other investment accounts.

Conversely, brokers furnishing such services may be selected for the execution of transactions of such other accounts, whose aggregate assets may be larger than those of the Fund, and the services furnished by such brokers may be used by the Investment Adviser in providing management services for the Fund. The Investment Adviser may also participate in so-called “commission sharing arrangements” and “client commission arrangements” under which the Investment Adviser may execute transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions or commission credits to another firm that provides research to the Investment Adviser. The Investment Adviser excludes from use under these arrangements those products and services that are not fully eligible under applicable law and regulatory interpretations, even as to the portion that would be eligible if accounted for separately.

The research services received as part of commission sharing and client commission arrangements will comply with Section 28(e) and may be subject to different legal requirements in the jurisdictions in which the Investment Adviser does business.

Participating in commission sharing and client commission arrangements may enable the Investment Adviser to consolidate payments for research through one or more channels using accumulated client commissions or credits from transactions executed through a particular broker-dealer to obtain research provided by other firms. Such arrangements also help to ensure the continued receipt of research services while facilitating best execution in the

 

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trading process. The Investment Adviser believes such research services are useful in its investment decision-making process by, among other things, ensuring access to a variety of high quality research, access to individual analysts and availability of resources that the Investment Adviser might not be provided access to absent such arrangements.

On occasions when the Investment Adviser deems the purchase or sale of a security or other financial instruments to be in the best interest of the Fund as well as its other customers (including any other fund or other investment company or advisory account for which the Investment Adviser acts as investment adviser or sub-investment adviser), the Investment Adviser, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may aggregate the securities to be sold or purchased for the Fund with those to be sold or purchased for such other customers in order to obtain the best net price and most favorable execution under the circumstances. In such event, allocation of the securities so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Investment Adviser in the manner it considers to be equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund and such other customers. In some instances, this procedure may adversely affect the price and size of the position obtainable for the Fund.

The Fund may participate in a commission recapture program. Under the program, participating broker-dealers rebate a percentage of commissions earned on Fund portfolio transactions to the Fund from which the commissions were generated. The rebated commissions are expected to be treated as realized capital gains of the Fund.

Commission rates in the U.S. are established pursuant to negotiations with the broker based on the quality and quantity of execution services provided by the broker in light of generally prevailing rates. The allocation of orders among brokers and the commission rates paid are reviewed periodically by the Trustees. The amount of brokerage commissions paid by the Fund may vary substantially from year to year because of differences in investor purchase and repurchase activity, portfolio turnover rates and other factors.

Since the Fund is newly-organized and has not yet commenced operations, it has not yet paid brokerage commissions. For the last three fiscal years, Predecessor Fund paid the following brokerage commissions:

[    ]

During the fiscal year ended [September 30, 2019], the Predecessor Fund’s regular broker-dealers (as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the Act) were: [    ]. [As of September 30, 2019, the Predecessor held no securities of its regular broker-dealers.]

Subject to the above considerations, the Investment Adviser may use GS&Co. or an affiliate as a broker for the Fund. In order for GS&Co. or an affiliate, acting as agent, to effect securities or futures transactions for the Fund, the commissions, fees or other remuneration received by GS&Co. or an affiliate must be reasonable and fair compared to the commissions, fees or other remuneration received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities or futures contracts. Furthermore, the Trustees, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, have adopted procedures which are reasonably designed to provide that any commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to GS&Co. are consistent with the foregoing standard. Brokerage transactions with GS&Co. are also subject to such fiduciary standards as may be imposed upon GS&Co. by applicable law.

 

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PROXY VOTING

The Fund has delegated the voting of portfolio securities to the Investment Adviser. For client accounts for which the Investment Adviser has voting discretion, the Investment Adviser has adopted policies and procedures (the “Proxy Voting Policy”) for the voting of proxies. Under the Proxy Voting Policy, the Investment Adviser’s guiding principles in performing proxy voting are to make decisions that favor proposals that in the Investment Adviser’s view tend to maximize a company’s shareholder value and are not influenced by conflicts of interest. To implement these guiding principles for investments in publicly-traded equities, the Investment Adviser has developed customized proxy voting guidelines (the “Guidelines”) that it generally applies when voting on behalf of client accounts. Attached as Appendix B is a summary of the Guidelines. These Guidelines address a wide variety of individual topics, including, among other matters, shareholder voting rights, anti-takeover defenses, board structures, the election of directors, executive and director compensation, reorganizations, mergers, issues of corporate social responsibility and various shareholder proposals. The Guidelines embody the positions and factors the Investment Adviser generally considers important in casting proxy votes.

The Proxy Voting Policy, including the Guidelines, is reviewed periodically to ensure that it continues to be consistent with the Investment Adviser’s guiding principles.

The Investment Adviser has retained a third-party proxy voting service (“Proxy Service”), currently Institutional Shareholder Services, to assist in the implementation and administration of certain proxy voting-related functions, including, without limitation, operational, recordkeeping and reporting services. The Proxy Service also prepares a written analysis and recommendation (a “Recommendation”) of each proxy vote that reflects the Proxy Service’s application of the Guidelines to particular proxy issues. While it is the Investment Adviser’s policy generally to follow the Guidelines and Recommendations from the Proxy Service, the Investment Adviser’s portfolio management teams (“Portfolio Management Teams”) may on certain proxy votes seek approval to diverge from the Guidelines or a Recommendation by following an “override” process. Such decisions are subject to a review and approval process, including a determination that the decision is not influenced by any conflict of interest. A Portfolio Management Team that receives approval through the override process to cast a proxy vote that diverges from the Guidelines and/or a Recommendation may vote differently than other Portfolio Management Teams that did not seek to override that vote. In forming their views on particular matters, the Portfolio Management Teams are also permitted to consider applicable regional rules and practices, including codes of conduct and other guides, regarding proxy voting, in addition to the Guidelines and Recommendations. The Investment Adviser may hire other service providers to replace or supplement the Proxy Service with respect to any of the services the Investment Adviser currently receives from the Proxy Service.

GSAM conducts periodic due diligence meetings with the Proxy Service which include, but are not limited to, a review of the Proxy Service’s general organizational structure, new developments with respect to research and technology, work flow improvements and internal due diligence with respect to conflicts of interest.

From time to time, the Investment Adviser may face regulatory, compliance, legal or logistical limits with respect to voting securities that it may purchase or hold for client accounts, which can affect the Investment Adviser’s ability to vote such proxies, as well as the desirability of voting such proxies. Among other limits, federal, state and foreign regulatory restrictions or company specific ownership limits, as well as legal matters related to consolidated groups, may restrict the total percentage of an issuer’s voting securities that the Investment Adviser can hold for clients and the nature of the Investment Adviser’s voting in such securities. The Investment Adviser’s ability to vote proxies may also be affected by, among other things: (i) late receipt of meeting notices; (ii) requirements to vote proxies in person: (iii) restrictions on a foreigner’s ability to exercise votes; (iv) potential difficulties in translating the proxy; (v) requirements to provide local agents with unrestricted powers of attorney to facilitate voting instructions; and (vi) requirements that investors who exercise their voting rights surrender the right to dispose of their holdings for some specified period in proximity to the shareholder meeting.

The Investment Adviser has adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing its proxy voting decisions that the Investment Adviser makes on behalf of a client account. These policies and procedures include the Investment Adviser’s use of the Guidelines and Recommendations from the Proxy Service, the override approval process previously discussed, and the establishment of information barriers between the Investment Adviser and other businesses within The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. Notwithstanding such proxy voting policies and procedures, actual proxy voting decisions of the Investment Adviser may have the effect of benefitting the interests of other clients or businesses of other divisions or units of GS&Co. and/or its affiliates.

 

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Voting decisions with respect to fixed income securities and the securities of privately held issuers generally will be made by the Fund’s portfolio managers based on their assessment of the particular transactions or other matters at issue.

Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 will be available on or through the Fund’s website at www.gsamfunds.com without charge and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

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[PAYMENTS TO INTERMEDIARIES

The Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may make payments to Intermediaries from time to time to promote the sale, distribution and/or servicing of shares of the Fund. These payments (“Additional Payments”) are made out of the Investment Adviser’s, Distributor’s and/or their affiliates’ own assets (which may come directly or indirectly from fees paid by the Fund), are not an additional charge to the Fund or its shareholders, and do not change the price paid by investors for the purchase of the Fund’s shares or the amount the Fund receives as proceeds from such purchases. Although paid by the Investment Adviser, Distributor, and/or their affiliates, the Additional Payments are in addition to the distribution and service fees paid by the Fund to the Intermediaries as described in the Fund’s Prospectus and this SAI, and are also in addition to the sales commissions payable to Intermediaries as set forth in the Prospectus. For purposes of this “Payments to Intermediaries” section, “Funds” shall mean, collectively, the Fund and any of the other Goldman Sachs Funds.

The Additional Payments are intended to compensate Intermediaries for, among other things: marketing shares of the Fund, which may consist of payments relating to funds included on preferred or recommended fund lists or in certain sales programs from time to time sponsored by the Intermediaries; “due diligence” examination and/or review of the Funds from time to time; access to the Intermediaries’ registered representatives or salespersons, including at conferences and other meetings; assistance in training and education of personnel; “finders” or “referral fees” for directing investors to the Fund; marketing support fees for providing assistance in promoting the sale of Fund shares (which may include promotions in communications with the Intermediaries’ customers, registered representatives and salespersons); and/or other specified services intended to assist in the distribution and marketing of the Fund. In addition, the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may make Additional Payments (including through sub-transfer agency and networking agreements) for subaccounting, administrative and/or shareholder processing services that are in addition to the transfer agent, shareholder administration, servicing and processing fees paid by the Funds. These Additional Payments may exceed amounts earned on these assets by the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates for the performance of these or similar services. The Additional Payments may be a fixed dollar amount; may be based on the number of customer accounts maintained by an Intermediary; may be based on a percentage of the value of shares sold to, or held by, customers of the Intermediary involved; or may be calculated on another basis. The Additional Payments are negotiated with each Intermediary based on a range of factors, including but not limited to the Intermediary’s ability to attract and retain assets (including particular classes of Fund shares), target markets, customer relationships, quality of service and industry reputation. Although the individual components may be higher or lower and the total amount of Additional Payments made to any Intermediary in any given year will vary, the amount of these Additional Payments (excluding payments made through sub-transfer agency and networking agreements), on average, is normally not expected to exceed 0.50% (annualized) of the amount sold or invested through an Intermediary.

These Additional Payments may be significant to certain Intermediaries, and may be an important factor in an Intermediary’s willingness to support the sale of the Funds through its distribution system.

The Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may be motivated to make Additional Payments since they promote the sale of Fund shares to clients of Intermediaries and the retention of those investments by those clients. To the extent Intermediaries sell more shares of the Fund or retain shares of the Fund in their clients’ accounts, the Investment Adviser and Distributor benefit from the incremental management and other fees paid by the Fund with respect to those assets.

In addition, certain Intermediaries may have access to certain research and investment services from the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates. Such research and investment services (“Additional Services”) may include research reports, economic analysis, portfolio analysis tools, business planning services, certain marketing and investor education materials and strategic asset allocation modeling. The Intermediary may not pay for these products or services. The cost of the Additional Services and the particular services provided may vary from Intermediary to Intermediary.

The Additional Payments made by the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates or the Additional Services received by an Intermediary may vary with respect to the type of fund (e.g., equity, fund, fixed income fund, specialty fund, asset allocation portfolio or money market fund) sold by the Intermediary. In addition, the Additional Payment arrangements may include breakpoints in compensation which provide that the percentage rate of compensation varies as the dollar value of the amount sold or invested through an Intermediary increases.

 

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The presence of these Additional Payments or Additional Services, the varying fee structure and the basis on which an Intermediary compensates its registered representatives or salespersons may create an incentive for a particular Intermediary, registered representative or salesperson to highlight, feature or recommend funds, including the Fund, or other investments based, at least in part, on the level of compensation paid. Additionally, if one mutual fund sponsor makes greater distribution payments than another, an Intermediary may have an incentive to recommend one fund complex over another. Similarly, if an Intermediary receives more distribution assistance for one share class versus another, that Intermediary may have an incentive to recommend that share class. Because Intermediaries may be paid varying amounts per class for sub-transfer agency and related recordkeeping services, the service requirements of which also may vary by class, this may create an additional incentive for financial firms and their financial advisors to favor one fund complex over another, or one fund class over another. You should consider whether such incentives exist when evaluating any recommendations from an Intermediary to purchase or sell Shares of the Fund and when considering which share class is most appropriate for you.

For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Investment Adviser, Distributor and their affiliates made Additional Payments out of their own assets to approximately 189 Intermediaries, totaling approximately $174.3 million (excluding payments made through sub-transfer agency and networking agreements and certain other types of payments described below), with respect to Goldman Sachs Trust, Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust, and Goldman Sachs Trust II. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates had contractual arrangements to make Additional Payments to the Intermediaries listed below (or their affiliates or successors), among others. This list will change over time, and any additions, modifications or deletions thereto that have occurred since December 31, 2018 are not reflected. Additional Intermediaries may receive payments in 2019 and in future years. Certain arrangements are still being negotiated, and there is a possibility that payments will be made retroactively to Intermediaries not listed below.

 

[ADP Broker-Dealer, Inc.

ADP LLC

ADP, Inc.

Alight Solutions LLC (f/k/a Hewitt Associates LLC)

Allstate Life Insurance Company

Allstate Life Insurance Company of New York

Amalgamated Bank of Chicago

American Enterprise Investment Services, Inc. (AEIS)

American National Trust and Investment Management Company dba Old National Trust Company (Oltrust & Co.)

American United Life Insurance Company

Ascensus, LLC.

Associated Trust Company, N.A.

AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company

Banc of America Securities LLC

BancorpSouth

Bank of New York

Bankers Trust Company

BB&T Capital Markets

BMO Harris Bank N.A.

BMO Nesbitt Burns

BNP Paribas, Acting Through its NY Branch

BNY Mellon National Association

 

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BOSC, Inc.

Branch Banking and Trust Company

Brighthouse Life Insurance Company

Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.

C.M. Life Insurance Company

California Department of Human Resources

Cetera Financial Group

Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.

Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Inc.

Citi Custody

Citibank N.A.

Citigroup Global Markets, Inc.

CME Shareholder Servicing LLC

Comerica Bank

Comerica Securities, Inc.

Commerce Bank

Commerce Bank, N.A.

Commerce Trust Co.

Commonwealth Annuity and Life Insurance Company

Commonwealth Equity Services, Inc. dba Commonwealth Financial Network

Companion Life Insurance Company

Compass Bank

Computershare Trust Company, N.A.

Connecticut General Life Insurance Company

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC

Daily Access Concepts/Reliance Trust Company

Dain Rauscher Inc.

Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas

Diversified Investment Advisors

Drexel Hamilton, LLC

Dubuque Bank & Trust

EBS Global Facility Limited

Edward D. Jones & Co., L.P.

Farmers New World Life Insurance Company

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC

Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC

Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC

Fidelity Investments Institutional Operations Company

Fidelity Investments Institutional Operations Company, Inc.

Fidelity Investments Institutional Operations Company, Inc.

Fifth Third Bank

Fifth Third Securities Inc.

 

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First Hawaiian Bank

First National Bank of Omaha

Forethought Life Insurance Company

Fulton Bank, N.A.

Fulton Financial Advisors, National Association

Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company

Genworth Life Insurance Company

Genworth Life Insurance Company of New York

GreatBanc Trust Co.

Great-West Financial Retirement Plan Services, LLC

Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company

GW Capital Management

GWFS Equities, Incorporated

Hartford Life Insurance Company

Hazeltree Fund Services, Inc.

Horace Mann Life Insurance Company

HSBC Bank U.S.A., N.A.

HSBC Bank USA

Hunt, Dupree & Rhine

ICMA RC-Services, LLC

ICMA Retirement Corporation

Institutional Cash Distributors (division of Merriman Curhan Ford & Co.)

Investmart, Inc.

Jefferies LLC

Jefferson National Life Insurance Company

Jefferson National Life Insurance Company of New York

Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Company

John Hancock Trust Company

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.

JPMorgan Securities, Inc

Key Bank N.A.

LaSalle Bank, N.A.

Law Debenture Trust Company of New York

Lincoln Benefit Life Company

Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York

Lincoln Retirement Services Company, LLC

LPL Financial Corporation

LPL Financial LLC

M&I Brokerage Services, Inc.

M&T Bank

M&T Securities, Inc.

Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company; MassMutual Retirement Services, LLC; MML Distributors, LLC

McCready and Keene, Inc.

 

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Members Life Insurance Company

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated

Midland National Life Insurance Company

Minnesota Life Insurance Company

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC

MSCS Financial Services Division of Broadridge Business Process Outsourcing, LLC

National Financial Services LLC

National Financial Services LLC

National Security Life and Annuity Company

Nationwide Financial Services, Inc.

Newport Group, Inc.

Newport Retirement Services, Inc.

Ohio National Equities, Inc.

Oppenheimer & Co. Inc.

Pershing LLC

PNC Bank, N.A.

PNC Bank, National Organization

PNC Capital Markets LLC

PNC Investments LLC

Principal Life Insurance Company

Protective Life Insurance Company

PruCo Life Insurance Company

PruCo Life Insurance Company of New Jersey

Raymond James & Associates, Inc.

Raymond James Financial Services

RBC Capital Markets, LLC

Regions Bank

Reliance Trust Company

RiverSource Life Insurance Co. of New York

RiverSource Life Insurance Company

Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated

Scott & Stringfellow

Security Benefit Life Insurance Company

Security Distributors, Inc.

Signature Bank

Silicon Valley Bank

State Street Bank and Trust Company

State Street Global Markets, LLC

Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada (U.S.)

Sun Life Insurance and Annuity Company of New York

Sungard Institutional Brokerage, Inc.

 

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SunTrust Bank

SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc.

Synovus Securities

T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc.

TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc.

TD Bank National Association

Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America

The Glenmede Trust Company N.A.

The Guardian Insurance & Annuity Company, Inc.

The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company

The Ohio National Life Insurance Company

The Prudential Insurance Company of America

The Prudential Insurance Company of America

The Travelers Insurance Company

The Travelers Life and Annuity Company

The United States Life Insurance Company in the City of New York

The Vanguard Group, Inc.

The Variable Annuity Life Insurance Company

Transamerica Financial Life Insurance Company f/b/o Mercer

Transamerica Life Insurance Company

Treasury Curve, LLC

Trustmark National Bank

U.S. Bank, N.A.

UBS Financial Services Inc.

Union Bank, N.A.

United of Omaha Life Insurance Company

VALIC Retirement Services Company

Voya Financial Partners, LLC

Voya Institutional Plan Services, LLC

Voya Retirement Advisors, LLC

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company

Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC

Wells Fargo Bank

Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.

Wells Fargo Clearing Services, LLC.

Wells Fargo Corporate Trust Services

Wilmington Trust Retirement and Institutional Services Company

Zions Bank

Zurich American Life Insurance Company]

Your authorized dealer or other Intermediary may charge you additional fees or commissions other than those disclosed in the Prospectus. Shareholders should contact their authorized dealer or other Intermediary for more information about the Additional Payments or Additional Services they receive and any potential conflicts of interest, as well as for information regarding any fees and/or commissions it charges. For additional questions, please contact Goldman Sachs Funds at 1-800-621-2550.

 

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Not included on the list above are other subsidiaries of Goldman Sachs who may receive revenue from the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates through intra-company compensation arrangements and for financial, distribution, administrative and operational services.

Furthermore, the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may, to the extent permitted by applicable regulations, sponsor various trainings and educational programs, sales contests and/or promotions and reimburse investors for certain expenses incurred in connection with accessing the Funds through portal arrangements. The Investment Adviser, Distributor and their affiliates may also pay for the travel expenses, meals, lodging and entertainment of Intermediaries and their salespersons and guests in connection with educational, sales and promotional programs subject to applicable FINRA regulations. Other compensation may also be offered from time to time to the extent not prohibited by applicable federal or state laws or FINRA regulations. This compensation is not included in, and is made in addition to, the Additional Payments described above.]

 

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CERTAIN TAX CONSIDERATIONS AND RISKS

GOLDMAN SACHS DOES NOT PROVIDE LEGAL, TAX OR ACCOUNTING ADVICE. EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD OBTAIN INDEPENDENT TAX ADVICE BASED ON ITS PARTICULAR SITUATION.

The following is a description of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing of Shares and some of the important U.S. federal income tax considerations affecting the Fund. The discussion below provides general tax information related to an investment in Shares, but this discussion does not purport to be a complete description of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Shares. It is based on the Code and Treasury regulations and administrative pronouncements, all as of the date hereof, any of which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, it does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant in light of a Shareholder’s particular circumstances, including alternative minimum tax consequences and tax consequences applicable to Shareholders subject to special tax rules, such as certain financial institutions; dealers or traders in securities who use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting; persons holding Shares as part of a hedging transaction, wash sale, conversion transaction or integrated transaction or persons entering into a constructive sale with respect to the Shares; entities classified as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes; real estate investment trusts; insurance companies; U.S. shareholders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; or tax-exempt entities, including “individual retirement accounts” or “Roth IRAs.” Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion applies only to a Shareholder that holds Shares as a capital asset (generally, for investment) and is a U.S. shareholder.

A “U.S. shareholder” generally is a beneficial owner of Shares who is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

   

a citizen or individual resident of the United States;

 

   

a corporation or other entity treated as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state therein or the District of Columbia;

 

   

an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

 

   

a trust if it (x) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (y) has a valid election in effect under applicable United States Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

A “non-U.S. shareholder” generally is a beneficial owner of Shares who is not a U.S. shareholder.

If a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective shareholder that is a partner of a partnership holding Shares should consult his, her or its tax advisers with respect to the purchase, ownership and disposition of Shares.

Tax matters are very complicated and the tax consequences to an investor of an investment in Shares will depend on the facts of his, her or its particular situation. The Fund encourages investors to consult their own tax advisers regarding the specific consequences of such an investment, including tax reporting requirements, the applicability of U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax laws, eligibility for the benefits of any applicable tax treaty and the effect of any possible changes in the tax laws.

Election to be Taxed as a RIC

The Fund has elected to be treated and has qualified, and intends to continue to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not have to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any income that it distributes to its shareholders as dividends. To qualify as a RIC, the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements (as described below). In addition, to qualify for RIC tax treatment, the Fund must distribute to its shareholders, for each taxable year, at least 90% of its “investment company taxable income,” which is generally its ordinary income plus the excess of its realized net short-term capital gains over its realized net long-term capital losses (the “Annual Distribution Requirement”).

 

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Taxation as a Regulated Investment Company

If the Fund:

•    qualifies as a RIC; and

•    satisfies the Annual Distribution Requirement,

then the Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of its income it distributes (or is deemed to distribute) to its shareholders. The Fund will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the regular corporate rates on any income or capital gains not distributed (or deemed distributed) to its shareholders.

The Fund will be subject to a 4% nondeductible U.S. federal excise tax on certain undistributed income unless it distributes in a timely manner an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its net ordinary income for each calendar year (taking into account certain deferrals and elections), (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year and (3) any income recognized, but not distributed, in preceding years (the “Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement”). The Fund generally will endeavor in each taxable year to make sufficient distributions to its shareholders to avoid any U.S. federal excise tax on its earnings, but the Fund reserves the right to pay the excise tax when circumstances warrant.

In order to qualify as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund must, among other things:

•    continue to qualify as a management company under the 1940 Act at all times during each taxable year;

•    derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to loans of certain securities, gains from the sale of stock or other securities, net income from certain “qualified publicly traded partnerships,” or other income derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in such stock or securities (the “90% Income Test”);

•    diversify its holdings so that at the end of each quarter of the taxable year;

•    at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s assets consists of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. Government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities if such other securities of any one issuer do not represent more than 5% of the value of the Fund’s assets or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer; and

•    no more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s assets is invested in the securities, other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs, of one issuer, of two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under applicable Code rules, by the Fund and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or of certain “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (the “Diversification Tests”).

The Fund generally intends to comply with 90% Income Test and the Diversification Tests. However, certain of the Fund’s investments may produce income that may not constitute qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Income Test. For example, any equity investments the Fund makes in entities treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes that are engaged in active businesses will not produce qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Income Test. In addition, we may invest in certain commodity-related derivatives to hedge positions in commodity-related issuers or industries. The IRS has ruled that income from certain commodity-related derivatives would not be qualifying income for the 90% Income Test with respect to a taxpayer whose commodity-related derivatives were not entered into in connection with a business of investing in stock and securities. No complete assurance can be provided that the Fund will be able to satisfy requirements of the 90% Income Test and the Diversification Tests.

In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments are expected to be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (1) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (2) convert lower-taxed long-term capital gains, qualified dividend income, or qualified REIT dividends into higher taxed short term capital gains or ordinary income, (3) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss, the deductibility of which is more limited, (4) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (5) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions, and (6) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash (referred to as “phantom income”). For example, with respect to phantom income, if the Fund holds debt obligations that are treated under applicable tax rules as having original issue discount (“OID”) (such as debt instruments with “payment-in-kind” (“PIK”) interest or, in certain cases, increasing interest rates or issued with equity or warrants) or debt obligations that are acquired with market discount in respect of which an election has been made to accrue such market discount on a current basis, the Fund must include in income each year a portion of the OID or market discount that accrues over the life of the obligation, regardless of whether cash representing such income is received by the Fund in the same taxable year. The

 

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Fund may also have to include in income other amounts that it has not yet received in cash, such as PIK interest and deferred loan origination fees that are paid after origination of the loan or are paid in non-cash compensation such as equity or warrants. Because any OID or other amounts accrued will be included in the Fund’s investment company taxable income for the year of accrual, the Fund may be required to make a distribution to its shareholders in order to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement, even though it will not have received any corresponding cash amount. Moreover, there may be uncertainty as to the appropriate treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In particular, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of investments in debt securities that are rated below investment grade is uncertain in various respects.

As a result of the application of the rules described above, the Fund could be subject to U.S. federal income tax or the 4% nondeductible excise tax and, under certain circumstances, the Fund’s ability to qualify or maintain its qualification as a RIC could be negatively affected. The Fund will monitor its investments and may make certain tax elections in order to mitigate the effect of these provisions. Accordingly, no complete assurance can be provided that the Fund will be able to satisfy the 90% Income Test and the Diversification Tests, avoid the U.S. federal income tax or meet the Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement.

Although the Fund does not presently expect to do so, it is authorized to borrow funds and to sell assets in order to satisfy distribution requirements. However, under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to make distributions to its shareholders while its debt obligations and other senior securities are outstanding unless certain “asset coverage” tests are met. Moreover, the Fund’s ability to dispose of assets to meet its distribution requirements may be limited by (1) the illiquid nature of its portfolio and/or (2) other requirements relating to its status as a RIC, including the Diversification Tests. If the Fund disposes of assets in order to meet the Annual Distribution Requirement or the Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement, the Fund may make such dispositions at times that, from an investment standpoint, are not advantageous.

Income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, thereby reducing the income available for distribution to shareholders. Tax conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. The Fund generally intends to conduct its investment activities to minimize the impact of foreign taxation, but there is no guarantee that the Fund will be successful in this regard.

Under the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates which occur between the time the Fund accrues interest income or other receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities generally are treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss. Similarly, on disposition of some investments, including debt securities and certain forward contracts denominated in a foreign currency, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are treated as ordinary gain or loss. These gains and losses, referred to under the Code as “section 988” gains and losses, may increase or decrease the amount of the Fund’s investment company taxable income to be distributed to its shareholders as ordinary income. For example, fluctuations in exchange rates may increase the amount of income that the Fund must distribute in order to qualify for treatment as a RIC and to prevent application of an excise tax on undistributed income. Alternatively, fluctuations in exchange rates may decrease or eliminate income available for distribution. If section 988 losses exceed other investment company taxable income during a taxable year, the Fund would not be able to make ordinary dividend distributions, or distributions made before the losses were realized would be recharacterized as a return of capital to shareholders for federal income tax purposes, rather than as an ordinary dividend, reducing each shareholder’s basis in its shares of the Fund.

The Fund may invest in shares of foreign corporations, which may be treated as passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”) under the Code. In general, a foreign corporation is treated as a PFIC if at least one-half of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its gross income is investment-type income. If the Fund receives a so-called “excess distribution” with respect to PFIC stock, the Fund itself may be subject to a tax on a portion of the excess distribution, whether or not the corresponding income is distributed by the Fund to shareholders. In general, under the PFIC rules, an excess distribution is treated as having been realized ratably over the period during which the Fund held the PFIC shares. The Fund itself will be subject to tax on the portion, if any, of an excess distribution that is so allocated to prior Fund tax years and an interest factor will be added to the tax, as if the tax had been payable in such prior tax years. Certain distributions from a PFIC as well as gain from the sale of PFIC shares are treated as excess distributions. Excess distributions are characterized as ordinary income even though, absent application of the PFIC rules, certain excess distributions might have been characterized as capital gain.

 

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The Fund may be eligible to elect alternative tax treatment with respect to PFIC shares. Under an election that currently is available in some circumstances, the Fund generally would be required to include in its gross income its share of the earnings of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether distributions are received from the PFIC in a given tax year. If this election were made, the special rules, discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not apply.

Alternatively, the Fund may elect to mark-to-market its PFIC shares at the end of each taxable year, with the result that unrealized gains would be treated as though they were realized and reported as ordinary income. Any mark-to-market losses would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included in income in prior tax years.

Because the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of the recognition of income with respect to PFIC shares, as well as subject the Fund itself to tax on certain income from PFIC shares, the amount that must be distributed to shareholders, and which will be taxed to shareholders as ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as compared to a fund that did not invest in PFIC shares.

Some of the CLOs in which the Fund invests may be PFICs, which are generally subject to the tax consequences described above. Investment in certain equity interests of CLOs that are subject to treatment as PFICs for U.S. federal income tax purposes may cause the Fund to recognize income in a tax year in excess of the Fund’s distributions from such CLOs, PFICs and the Fund’s proceeds from sales or other dispositions of equity interests in other CLOs and other PFICs during that tax year. As a result, the Fund generally would be required to distribute such income to satisfy the distribution requirements applicable to RICs. Furthermore, the IRS recently issued final regulations that generally treat the Fund’s income inclusion with respect to a PFIC with respect to which the Fund has made a qualified electing fund, or “QEF”, election, as qualifying income for purposes of determining the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as a RIC if (A) there is a current distribution out of the earnings and profits of the PFIC that are attributable to such income inclusion or (B) such inclusion is derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities, or currencies.

If the Fund holds more than 10% of the interests treated as equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a foreign corporation that is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”) (including equity tranche investments and certain debt tranche investments in a CLO treated as CFC), the Fund may be treated as receiving a deemed distribution (taxable as ordinary income) each tax year from such foreign corporation in an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata share of the corporation’s income for the tax year (including both ordinary earnings and capital gains), whether or not the corporation makes an actual distribution during such year. In general, a foreign corporation will be classified as a CFC if more than 50% of the shares of the corporation, measured by reference to combined voting power or value, is owned (directly, indirectly or by attribution) by U.S. Shareholders. A “U.S. Shareholder,” for this purpose, is any U.S. person that possesses (actually or constructively) 10% or more of the combined value or voting power of all classes of shares of a corporation. If the Fund is treated as receiving a deemed distribution from a CFC, the Fund will be required to include such distribution in the Fund’s investment company taxable income regardless of whether the Fund receives any actual distributions from such CFC, and the Fund must distribute such income to satisfy the distribution requirements applicable to RICs. Additionally, the IRS recently issued final regulations that generally treat the Fund’s income inclusion with respect to a CFC as qualifying income for purposes of determining the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as a RIC either if (A) there is a distribution out of the earnings and profits of the CFC that are attributable to such income inclusion or (B) such inclusion is derived with respect to the Fund’s business of investing in stock, securities, or currencies.

The Fund might invest directly or indirectly in residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”) or equity interests in taxable mortgage pools (“TMPs”). Under a notice issued by the IRS in October 2006 and Treasury regulations that have not yet been issued (but may apply with retroactive effect) a portion of the Fund’s income from a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that is attributable to the REIT’s residual interest in a REMIC or a TMP (referred to in the Code as an “excess inclusion”) will be subject to Federal income tax in all events. This notice also provides, and the regulations are expected to provide, that excess inclusion income of a regulated investment company, such as the Fund, will generally be allocated to shareholders of the regulated investment company in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related REMIC or TMP residual interest directly.

 

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In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions) and (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on UBTI, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income, and otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income. In addition, because the Code provides that excess inclusion income is ineligible for treaty benefits, a regulated investment company must withhold tax on excess inclusions attributable to its foreign shareholders at a 30% rate of withholding, regardless of any treaty benefits for which a shareholder is otherwise eligible.

Any investment in residual interests of a CMO that has elected to be treated as a REMIC can create complex tax problems, especially if the Fund has state or local governments or other tax-exempt organizations as shareholders. Under current law, the Fund serves to block UBTI from being realized by its tax-exempt shareholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder will recognize UBTI by virtue of its investment in the Fund if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Section 514(b) of the Code. Furthermore, a tax-exempt shareholder may recognize UBTI if a Fund recognizes “excess inclusion income” derived from direct or indirect investments in REMIC residual interests or TMPs if the amount of such income recognized by the Fund exceeds the Fund’s investment company taxable income (after taking into account deductions for dividends paid by the Fund).

Failure to Qualify as a Regulated Investment Company

If the Fund were unable to qualify for treatment as a RIC and certain cure provisions were inapplicable, the Fund would be subject to tax on all of its taxable income at regular corporate rates, regardless of whether the Fund makes any distributions to its shareholders. The Annual Distribution Requirement would not be applicable, and distributions would be taxable to the Fund’s shareholders as ordinary dividend income that, subject to certain limitations, may be eligible for preferential rates applicable to “qualified dividend income” to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. Subject to certain limitations under the Code, corporate distributees would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction. Distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits would be treated first as a return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s tax basis, and any remaining distributions would be treated as a capital gain.

The remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund qualifies as a RIC and has satisfied the Annual Distribution Requirement.

Taxation of U.S. Shareholders

Distributions by the Fund generally are taxable to U.S. shareholders as ordinary income or capital gains. Distributions of the Fund’s “investment company taxable income” (which is, generally, the Fund’s net ordinary income plus realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses) will be taxable as ordinary income to U.S. shareholders to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional Shares. Distributions paid by the Fund to U.S. shareholders taxed at individual rates that are attributable to dividends from U.S. corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations may be eligible to be treated as “qualified dividend income,” which is currently subject to a maximum tax rate of either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. In this regard, it is anticipated that distributions paid by the Fund will generally not be attributable to dividends and, therefore, generally will not qualify for the preferential maximum rate applicable to qualified dividend income. Distributions of the Fund’s net capital gains (which are generally the Fund’s realized net long-term capital gains in excess of realized net short-term capital losses) properly reported by us as “capital gain dividends” will be taxable to a U.S. shareholder as long-term capital gains that are currently generally taxable at a maximum rate of 15% or 20% (depending on whether the shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) in the case of U.S. shareholders taxed at individual rates, regardless of the U.S. shareholder’s holding period for his, her or its Shares and regardless of whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional Shares. Distributions in excess of the Fund’s earnings and profits first will reduce a U.S. shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in such shareholder’s Shares and, after the adjusted basis is reduced to zero, will constitute capital gains to such U.S. shareholder.

It is expected that a very substantial portion of the Fund’s income will consist of ordinary income. For example, interest and OID derived by the Fund will constitute ordinary income. In addition, gain derived by the Fund from the disposition of debt securities with “market discount” (generally, securities purchased by the Fund at a discount to their stated redemption price) will be treated as ordinary income to the extent of the market discount that has accrued, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, at the time of such disposition unless the Fund makes an election to accrue market discount on a current basis. In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments will be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may affect the character, increase the amount and/or accelerate the timing of distributions to Shareholders.

 

 

B-52


Under recently proposed regulations on which taxpayers are entitled to rely, properly reported dividends paid by the Fund that are attributable to the Fund’s “qualified REIT dividends” (generally, ordinary income dividends paid by a REIT, not including capital gain dividends or dividends treated as qualified dividend income) may be eligible for the 20% deduction described in Section 199A of the Code in the case of non-corporate U.S. common shareholders, provided that certain holding period and other requirements are met by the shareholder and the Fund. There can be no assurance as to what portion of the Fund’s distributions will qualify for such deduction.

The Fund may retain some or all of its realized net long-term capital gains in excess of realized net short-term capital losses, but designate the retained net capital gain as a “deemed distribution.” In that case, among other consequences, the Fund will pay tax on the retained amount, each U.S. shareholder will be required to include his, her or its share of the deemed distribution in income as if it had been actually distributed to the U.S. shareholder, and the U.S. shareholder will be entitled to claim a credit equal to his, her or its allocable share of the tax paid thereon by us. To the extent the Fund pays tax on any retained capital gains at its regular corporate tax rate when that rate is in excess of the maximum rate payable by individuals on long-term capital gains, the amount of tax that individual U.S. shareholders will be treated as having paid will exceed the tax they owe on the capital gain distribution and such excess generally may be refunded or claimed as a credit against the U.S. shareholder’s other U.S. federal income tax obligations. The amount of the deemed distribution net of such tax will be added to the U.S. shareholder’s cost basis for his, her or its Shares. In order to utilize the deemed distribution approach, the Fund must provide written notice to its shareholders prior to the expiration of 60 days after the close of the relevant taxable year. The Fund cannot treat any of its investment company taxable income as a “deemed distribution.”

For purposes of determining (1) whether the Annual Distribution Requirement is satisfied for any year and (2) the amount of capital gain dividends paid for that year, the Fund may, under certain circumstances, elect to treat a dividend that is paid during the following taxable year as if it had been paid during the taxable year in question. If the Fund makes such an election, the U.S. shareholder will still be treated as receiving the dividend in the taxable year in which the distribution is made. However, any dividend declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January of the following year, will be treated as if it had been received by the Fund’s U.S. shareholders on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.

If an investor purchases Shares shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the Shares will include the value of the distribution and the investor will be subject to tax on the distribution even though economically it may represent a return of his, her or its investment.

From time to time, the Fund may offer to repurchase its outstanding Shares. Shareholders who tender all Shares held, or considered to be held, by them will be treated as having sold their Shares and generally will realize a capital gain or loss. The amount of gain or loss will be measured by the difference between such U.S. shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the Shares sold and the amount of the proceeds received in exchange. Any gain arising from such sale or disposition generally will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. shareholder has held his, her or its Shares for more than one year. Otherwise, it will be classified as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss arising from the sale or disposition of Shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of capital gain dividends received, or undistributed capital gain deemed received, with respect to such Shares. In addition, all or a portion of any loss recognized upon a disposition of Shares may be disallowed if other Shares are purchased (whether through reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within 30 days before or after the disposition. If a shareholder tenders fewer than all of its Shares or fewer than all Shares tendered are repurchased, such shareholder may be treated as having received a taxable dividend upon the tender of its Shares. In such a case, there is a risk that non-tendering shareholders, and shareholders who tender some but not all of their Shares or fewer than all of whose Shares are repurchased, in each case whose percentage interests in the Fund increase as a result of such tender, will be treated as having received a taxable distribution from the Fund. The extent of such risk will vary depending upon the particular circumstances of the tender offer, and in particular whether such offer is a single and isolated event or is part of a plan for periodically redeeming Shares of the Fund.

In general, U.S. shareholders taxed at individual rates currently are subject to a maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether the shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net capital gain (i.e., the excess of realized net long-term capital gains over realized net short-term capital losses), including any long-term capital gain derived from an investment in the Shares. Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income currently payable by such U.S. shareholders.

 

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An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.

Corporate U.S. shareholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum 21% rate also applied to ordinary income. Non-corporate U.S. shareholders with net capital losses for a year (i.e., capital losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each year. Any net capital losses of a non-corporate U.S. shareholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent years as provided in the Code. Corporate U.S. shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a year, but may carry back such losses for three years or carry forward such losses for five years.

The Fund will send to each of its U.S. shareholders, as promptly as possible after the end of each calendar year, a notice detailing, on a per share and per distribution basis, the amounts includible in such U.S. shareholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the federal tax status of each year’s distributions generally will be reported to the IRS (including the amount of dividends, if any, eligible for the preferential maximum tax rate on qualified dividend income). Dividends paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the preferential tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income because its income generally will not consist of dividends. Distributions may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a U.S. shareholder’s particular situation.

Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in cash or invested in additional Shares pursuant to the DRIP. If the Shares are trading below net asset value, Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional Shares will be treated as receiving a distribution in the amount of cash that they would have received if they had elected to receive the distribution in cash. If the Fund issues additional Shares with a fair market value equal to or greater than net asset value, however, Shareholders will be treated as receiving a distribution in the amount of the fair market value of the distributed Shares.

The IRS currently requires that a RIC that has two or more classes of stock allocate to each class proportionate amounts of each type of its income (such as ordinary income, capital gains and dividends qualifying for the dividends-received deduction) based upon the percentage of total dividends paid to each class for the tax year. Accordingly, if the Fund issues preferred shares, the Fund will allocate capital gain dividends and dividends qualifying for the dividends-received deduction, if any, between its Shares and shares of preferred stock in proportion to the total dividends paid to each class with respect to such tax year.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

The Fund may be required to withhold U.S. federal income tax (“backup withholding”) currently at a rate of 24% from all distributions to any U.S. shareholder (other than a C corporation, a financial institution, or a shareholder that otherwise qualifies for an exemption):

 

   

who fails to furnish us with a correct taxpayer identification number or a certificate that such shareholder is exempt from backup withholding; or

 

   

with respect to whom the IRS notifies us that such shareholder has failed to properly report certain interest and dividend income to the IRS and to respond to notices to that effect.

An individual’s taxpayer identification number is his or her social security number. Any amount withheld under backup withholding is allowed as a credit against the U.S. shareholder’s federal income tax liability, provided that proper information is provided to the IRS. The Fund may be require to withhold a portion of any capital gain distributions to any U.S. shareholders who fail to certify their non-foreign status.

Taxation of Non-U.S. Shareholders

Whether an investment in the Fund’s Shares is appropriate for a non-U.S. shareholder will depend upon that person’s particular circumstances. An investment in the Fund’s Shares by a non-U.S. shareholder may have adverse tax consequences.

 

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Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their tax advisers before investing in Shares.

Distributions of the Fund’s “investment company taxable income” to non-U.S. shareholders (including interest income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized long-term capital losses, which generally would be free of withholding if paid to non-U.S. shareholders directly) will generally be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a 30% rate (or lower rate provided by an applicable treaty) to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits unless an applicable exception applies. If the distributions are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. shareholder, the Fund will not be required to withhold federal tax if the non-U.S. shareholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements, although the distributions will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the rates applicable to U.S. persons. Special certification requirements apply to a non-U.S. shareholder that is a foreign partnership or a foreign trust, and such entities are urged to consult their own tax advisers.

Certain properly reported dividends are generally exempt from withholding of U.S. federal income tax where they are paid in respect of the RIC’s (i) “qualified net interest income” (generally, U.S.-source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which the RIC or the non-U.S. shareholder are at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income) or (ii) “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally, the excess of net short-term capital gain over long-term capital loss for such taxable year), and certain other requirements are satisfied. No assurance can be given as to whether any of the Fund’s distributions will be eligible for this exemption from withholding of U.S. federal income tax or, if eligible, will be reported as such by the Fund. In particular, the Fund does not intend to make designations of distributions attributable to qualified net interest income. Furthermore, the exemption does not apply to distributions paid in respect of a RIC’s non-U.S. source interest income or dividend income. In the case of common stock held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold U.S. federal income tax even if the RIC reports the payment as qualified net interest income or qualified short-term capital gain. Thus, an investment in the shares of the Fund by a non-U.S. shareholder may have adverse tax consequences as compared to a direct investment in the assets in which the Fund invests.

Actual or deemed distributions of the Fund’s net capital gains to a non-U.S. shareholder, and gains realized by a non-U.S. shareholder upon the sale of Shares, will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax and generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless the distributions or gains, as the case may be, are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. shareholder.

The tax consequences to non-U.S. shareholders entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty or that are individuals present in the United States for 183 days or more during a taxable year may be different from those described herein. Non-U.S. shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers with respect to the procedure for claiming the benefit of a lower treaty rate and the applicability of foreign taxes.

If the Fund distributes its net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions, a non-U.S. shareholder will be entitled to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the shareholder’s allocable share of the tax the Fund pays on the capital gains deemed to have been distributed. In order to obtain the refund, the non-U.S. shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a U.S. federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number or file a U.S. federal income tax return. For a corporate non-U.S. shareholder, distributions (both actual and deemed), and gains realized upon the sale of Shares that are effectively connected to a U.S. trade or business may, under certain circumstances, be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a 30% rate (or at a lower rate if provided for by an applicable treaty). Accordingly, investment in Shares may not be appropriate for a non-U.S. shareholder.

A non-U.S. shareholder who is a non-resident alien individual, and who is otherwise subject to withholding of federal tax, may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding of U.S. federal income tax on dividends unless the non-U.S. shareholder provides the Fund or the dividend paying agent with an IRS Form W-8BEN (or an acceptable substitute form) or otherwise meets documentary evidence requirements for establishing that it is a non-U.S. shareholder or otherwise establishes an exemption from backup withholding.

The Fund (or an applicable intermediary) is required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive new reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to the Fund to enable the Fund to determine whether withholding is required.

An investment in the shares of the Fund by an individual non-U.S. shareholder may also be subject to U.S. federal estate tax.

 

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Non-U.S. persons should consult their own tax advisers with respect to the U.S. federal income tax and withholding tax, and state, local and foreign tax consequences of an investment in Shares.

THE FOREGOING DISCUSSION OF U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES AND CERTAIN OTHER TAX CONSIDERATIONS SHOULD NOT BE CONSTRUED AS LEGAL OR TAX ADVICE AND IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY. EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISORS FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF A UNIT. IN PARTICULAR, ANY ORGANIZATION (INCLUDING A PENSION FUND) EXEMPT FROM TAXATION, AND ANY OTHER PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR THAT IS SUBJECT TO SPECIAL TAX RULES (INCLUDING AN INVESTOR TREATED AS A PARTNERSHIP FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES OR A NON-U.S. UNITHOLDER), SHOULD CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF A UNIT.

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

To provide the initial capitalization of the Fund, GSAM Holdings LLC, an affiliate of GS&Co., has purchased Shares from the Fund in an amount sufficient to satisfy the Fund’s net worth requirements under Section 14(a) of the 1940 Act. Therefore, GSAM Holdings LLC currently owns 100% of the outstanding Shares. GSAM Holdings LLC may be deemed to control the Fund until such time as it owns less than 25% of the outstanding Shares. However, it is anticipated that GSAM Holdings LLC will no longer be a control person once the offering is completed.

Before the commencement of the Fund’s operations, the Investment Adviser, 200 West Street, New York NY 10282 may be deemed to control the Fund. For purposes of this item, “control” means (1) the beneficial ownership, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, of more than 25% of the voting securities of a company; (2) the acknowledgment or assertion by either the controlled or controlling party of the existence of control; or (3) an adjudication under Section 2(a)(9) of the 1940 Act, which has become final, that control exists.

 

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OTHER INFORMATION

Miscellaneous

The Prospectus and this SAI do not contain all the information included in the Registration Statement filed with the SEC under the Securities Act with respect to the securities offered by the Prospectus. Certain portions of the Registration Statement have been omitted from the Prospectus and this SAI pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Statements contained in the Prospectus or in this SAI as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily complete, and, in each instance, reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which the Prospectus and this SAI form a part, each such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference.

Corporate Actions

From time to time, the issuer of a security held in the Fund’s portfolio may initiate a corporate action relating to that security. Corporate actions relating to equity securities may include, among others, an offer to purchase new shares, or to tender existing shares, of that security at a certain price. Corporate actions relating to debt securities may include, among others, an offer for early redemption of the debt security, or an offer to convert the debt security into stock. Certain corporate actions are voluntary, meaning that the Fund may only participate in the corporate action if it elects to do so in a timely fashion. Participation in certain corporate actions may enhance the value of the Fund’s investment portfolio.

In cases where the Fund or its Investment Adviser receives sufficient advance notice of a voluntary corporate action, the Investment Adviser will exercise its discretion, in good faith, to determine whether the Fund will participate in that corporate action. If the Fund or its Investment Adviser does not receive sufficient advance notice of a voluntary corporate action, the Fund may not be able to timely elect to participate in that corporate action. Participation or lack of participation in a voluntary corporate action may result in a negative impact on the value of the Fund’s investment portfolio

Shareholder and Trustee Liability

Under Delaware law, the shareholders of the Fund are not generally subject to liability for the debts or obligations of the Fund. Similarly, Delaware law provides that a series of the Fund will not be liable for the debts or obligations of any other series of the Fund. However, no similar statutory or other authority limiting statutory trust shareholder liability exists in other states. As a result, to the extent that a Delaware statutory trust or a shareholder is subject to the jurisdiction of courts of such other states, the courts may not apply Delaware law and may thereby subject the Delaware statutory trust shareholders to liability. To guard against this risk, the Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Fund. In view of the above, the risk of personal liability of shareholders of a Delaware statutory trust is remote.

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

[To be provided.]

 

B-58


FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

[The Predecessor Fund’s audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019, together with the notes thereto, and reports of [ ], the Predecessor Fund’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, are incorporated by reference from the Predecessor Fund’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 into this SAI (meaning such documents are legally a part of this SAI) and are on file with the SEC.] A copy of the annual report of Fund (where available) may be obtained on the Fund’s website at [http://www.goldmansachsfunds.com]. The annual report for the fiscal period ended [ ], 2020 will become available to investors in [ ] [2020].

[To be provided.]

 

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APPENDIX A

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS

Short-Term Credit Ratings

An S&P Global Ratings short-term issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation having an original maturity of no more than 365 days. The following summarizes the rating categories used by S&P Global Ratings for short-term issues:

“A-1” – A short-term obligation rated “A-1” is rated in the highest category by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on these obligations is extremely strong.

“A-2” – A short-term obligation rated “A-2” is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is satisfactory.

“A-3” – A short-term obligation rated “A-3” exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken an obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

“B” – A short-term obligation rated “B” is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.

“C” – A short-term obligation rated “C” is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

“D” – A short-term obligation rated “D” is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the “D” rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The “D” rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to “D” if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

Local Currency and Foreign Currency Ratings – S&P Global Ratings’ issuer credit ratings make a distinction between foreign currency ratings and local currency ratings. An issuer’s foreign currency rating will differ from its local currency rating when the obligor has a different capacity to meet its obligations denominated in its local currency, vs. obligations denominated in a foreign currency.

Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”) short-term ratings are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect both on the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default.

Moody’s employs the following designations to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:

“P-1” – Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.

“P-2” – Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.

“P-3” – Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.

“NP” – Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

Fitch, Inc. / Fitch Ratings Ltd. (“Fitch”) short-term issuer or obligation ratings are based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-term deposit ratings may be adjusted for loss severity. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as “short term” based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.

 

1-A


The following summarizes the rating categories used by Fitch for short-term obligations:

“F1” – Securities possess the highest short-term credit quality. This designation indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.

“F2” – Securities possess good short-term credit quality. This designation indicates good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.

“F3” – Securities possess fair short-term credit quality. This designation indicates that the intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.

“B” – Securities possess speculative short-term credit quality. This designation indicates minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

“C” – Securities possess high short-term default risk. Default is a real possibility.

“RD” – Restricted Default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to entity ratings only.

“D” – Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.

“NR” – This designation indicates that Fitch does not publicly rate the associated issuer or issue.

“WD” – This designation indicates that the rating has been withdrawn and is no longer maintained by Fitch.

DBRS® Ratings Limited (“DBRS”) short-term debt rating scale provides an opinion on the risk that an issuer will not meet its short-term financial obligations in a timely manner. Ratings are based on quantitative and qualitative considerations relevant to the issuer and the relative ranking of claims. The “R-1” and “R-2” rating categories are further denoted by the sub-categories “(high)”, “(middle)”, and “(low)”.

The following summarizes the ratings used by DBRS for commercial paper and short-term debt:

“R-1 (high)” – Short-term debt rated “R-1 (high)” is of the highest credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is exceptionally high. Unlikely to be adversely affected by future events.

“R-1 (middle)” – Short-term debt rated “R-1 (middle)” is of superior credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is very high. Differs from “R-1 (high)” by a relatively modest degree. Unlikely to be significantly vulnerable to future events.

“R-1 (low)” – Short-term debt rated “R-1 (low)” is of good credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is substantial. Overall strength is not as favorable as higher rating categories. May be vulnerable to future events, but qualifying negative factors are considered manageable.

“R-2 (high)” – Short-term debt rated “R-2 (high)” is considered to be at the upper end of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events.

“R-2 (middle)” – Short-term debt rated “R-2 (middle)” is considered to be of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events or may be exposed to other factors that could reduce credit quality.

“R-2 (low)” – Short-term debt rated “R-2 (low)” is considered to be at the lower end of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events. A number of challenges are present that could affect the issuer’s ability to meet such obligations.

“R-3” – Short-term debt rated “R-3” is considered to be at the lowest end of adequate credit quality. There is a capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due. May be vulnerable to future events and the certainty of meeting such obligations could be impacted by a variety of developments.

 

2-A


“R-4” – Short-term debt rated “R-4” is considered to be of speculative credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is uncertain.

“R-5” – Short-term debt rated “R-5” is considered to be of highly speculative credit quality. There is a high level of uncertainty as to the capacity to meet short-term financial obligations as they fall due.

“D” – Short-term debt rated “D” is assigned when the issuer has filed under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or winding up statute or there is a failure to satisfy an obligation after the exhaustion of grace periods, a downgrade to “D” may occur. DBRS may also use “SD” (Selective Default) in cases where only some securities are impacted, such as the case of a “distressed exchange”.

Long-Term Credit Ratings

The following summarizes the ratings used by S&P Global Ratings for long-term issues:

“AAA” – An obligation rated “AAA” has the highest rating assigned by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is extremely strong.

“AA” – An obligation rated “AA” differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.

“A” – An obligation rated “A” is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.

“BBB” – An obligation rated “BBB” exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

Obligations rated “BB,” “B,” “CCC,” “CC” and “C” are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. “BB” indicates the least degree of speculation and “C” the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

“BB” – An obligation rated “BB” is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

“B” – An obligation rated “B” is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated “BB”, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

“CCC” – An obligation rated “CCC” is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

“CC” – An obligation rated “CC” is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The “CC” rating is used when a default has not yet occurred but S&P Global Ratings expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.

“C” – An obligation rated “C” is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared with obligations that are rated higher.

“D” – An obligation rated “D” is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the “D” rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The “D” rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to “D” if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

“NR” – This indicates that no rating has been requested, or that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that S&P Global Ratings does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.

 

3-A


Plus (+) or minus (-) – The ratings from “AA” to “CCC” may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

Local Currency and Foreign Currency Ratings – S&P Global Ratings’ issuer credit ratings make a distinction between foreign currency ratings and local currency ratings. An issuer’s foreign currency rating will differ from its local currency rating when the obligor has a different capacity to meet its obligations denominated in its local currency, vs. obligations denominated in a foreign currency.

Moody’s long-term ratings are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default. The following summarizes the ratings used by Moody’s for long-term debt:

“Aaa” – Obligations rated “Aaa” are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.

“Aa” – Obligations rated “Aa” are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.

“A” – Obligations rated “A” are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.

“Baa” – Obligations rated “Baa” are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.

“Ba” – Obligations rated “Ba” are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.

“B” – Obligations rated “B” are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.

“Caa” – Obligations rated “Caa” are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.

“Ca” – Obligations rated “Ca” are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.

“C” – Obligations rated “C” are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.

Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from “Aa” through “Caa.” The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.

The following summarizes long-term ratings used by Fitch:

“AAA” – Securities considered to be of the highest credit quality. “AAA” ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.

“AA” – Securities considered to be of very high credit quality. “AA” ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.

“A” – Securities considered to be of high credit quality. “A” ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.

“BBB” – Securities considered to be of good credit quality. “BBB” ratings indicate that expectations of credit risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate, but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.

“BB” – Securities considered to be speculative. “BB” ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to credit risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met.

“B” – Securities considered to be highly speculative. “B” ratings indicate that material credit risk is present.

“CCC” – A “CCC” rating indicates that substantial credit risk is present.

“CC” – A “CC” rating indicates very high levels of credit risk.

 

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“C” – A “C” rating indicates exceptionally high levels of credit risk.

Defaulted obligations typically are not assigned “RD” or “D” ratings but are instead rated in the “B” to “C” rating categories, depending on their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. Fitch believes that this approach better aligns obligations that have comparable overall expected loss but varying vulnerability to default and loss.

Plus (+) or minus (-) may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the “AAA” category or to categories below “CCC”.

“NR” – Denotes that Fitch does not publicly rate the associated issue or issuer.

“WD” – Indicates that the rating has been withdrawn and is no longer maintained by Fitch.

The DBRS long-term rating scale provides an opinion on the risk of default. That is, the risk that an issuer will fail to satisfy its financial obligations in accordance with the terms under which an obligation has been issued. Ratings are based on quantitative and qualitative considerations relevant to the issuer, and the relative ranking of the claims. All rating categories other than “AAA” and “D” also contain subcategories “(high)” and “(low)”. The absence of either a “(high)” or “(low)” designation indicates the rating is in the middle of the category. The following summarizes the ratings used by DBRS for long-term debt:

“AAA” – Long-term debt rated “AAA” is of the highest credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is exceptionally high and unlikely to be adversely affected by future events.

“AA” – Long-term debt rated “AA” is of superior credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is considered high. Credit quality differs from “AAA” only to a small degree. Unlikely to be significantly vulnerable to future events.

“A” – Long-term debt rated “A” is of good credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is substantial, but of lesser credit quality than “AA.” May be vulnerable to future events, but qualifying negative factors are considered manageable.

“BBB” – Long-term debt rated “BBB” is of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is considered acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events.

“BB” Long-term debt rated “BB” is of speculative, non-investment grade credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is uncertain. Vulnerable to future events.

“B” – Long-term debt rated “B” is of highly speculative credit quality. There is a high level of uncertainty as to the capacity to meet financial obligations.

“CCC”, “CC” and “C” – Long-term debt rated in any of these categories is of very highly speculative credit quality. In danger of defaulting on financial obligations. There is little difference between these three categories, although “CC” and “C” ratings are normally applied to obligations that are seen as highly likely to default, or subordinated to obligations rated in the “CCC” to “B” range. Obligations in respect of which default has not technically taken place but is considered inevitable may be rated in the “C” category.

“D” A security rated “D” is assigned when the issuer has filed under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or winding up statute or there is a failure to satisfy an obligation after the exhaustion of grace periods, a downgrade to “D” may occur. DBRS may also use “SD” (Selective Default) in cases where only some securities are impacted, such as the case of a “distressed exchange”.

Municipal Note Ratings

An S&P Global Ratings U.S. municipal note rating reflects S&P Global Ratings’ opinion about the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to the notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original maturity of more than three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, S&P Global Ratings’ analysis will review the following considerations:

Amortization schedule-the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and

 

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Source of payment-the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.

Note rating symbols are as follows:

“SP-1” – A municipal note rated “SP-1” exhibits a strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.

“SP-2” – A municipal note rated “SP-2” exhibits a satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.

“SP-3” – A municipal note rated “SP-3” exhibits a speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

Moody’s uses the Municipal Investment Grade (“MIG”) scale to rate U.S. municipal bond anticipation notes of up to three years maturity. Municipal notes rated on the MIG scale may be secured by either pledged revenues or proceeds of a take-out financing received prior to note maturity. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation, and the issuer’s long-term rating is only one consideration in assigning the MIG rating. MIG ratings are divided into three levels – “MIG-1” through “MIG-3”—while speculative grade short-term obligations are designated “SG.” The following summarizes the ratings used by Moody’s for these short-term obligations:

“MIG-1” – This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

“MIG-2” – This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.

“MIG-3” – This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.

“SG” – This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.

In the case of variable rate demand obligations (“VRDOs”), a two-component rating is assigned; a long- or short-term debt rating and a demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moody’s evaluation of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moody’s evaluation of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand (“demand feature”). The second element uses a rating from a variation of the MIG scale called the Variable Municipal Investment Grade (“VMIG”) scale. The rating transitions on the VMIG scale differ from those on the Prime scale to reflect the risk that external liquidity support generally will terminate if the issuer’s long-term rating drops below investment grade.

“VMIG-1” – This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

“VMIG-2” – This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

“VMIG-3” – This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

“SG” – This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

“NR” – Is assigned to an unrated obligation.

Fitch uses the same ratings for municipal securities as described above for other short-term credit ratings.

 

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About Credit Ratings

An S&P Global Ratings issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects S&P Global Ratings’ view of the obligor’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and this opinion may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.

Moody’s credit ratings must be construed solely as statements of opinion and not statements of fact or recommendations to purchase, sell or hold any securities.

Fitch’s credit ratings relating to issuers are an opinion on the relative ability of an entity to meet financial commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, repayment of principal, insurance claims or counterparty obligations. Fitch credit ratings are used by investors as indications of the likelihood of receiving the money owed to them in accordance with the terms on which they invested. Fitch’s credit ratings cover the global spectrum of corporate, sovereign financial, bank, insurance and public finance entities (including supranational and sub-national entities) and the securities or other obligations they issue, as well as structured finance securities backed by receivables or other financial assets.

Credit ratings provided by DBRS are forward-looking opinions about credit risk which reflect the creditworthiness of an issuer, rated entity, and/or security. Credit ratings are not statements of fact. While historical statistics and performance can be important considerations, credit ratings are not based solely on such; they include subjective considerations and involve expectations for future performance that cannot be guaranteed. To the extent that future events and economic conditions do not match expectations, credit ratings assigned to issuers and/or securities can change. Credit ratings are also based on approved and applicable methodologies, models and criteria (“Methodologies”), which are periodically updated and when material changes are deemed necessary, this may also lead to rating changes.

Credit ratings typically provide an opinion on the risk that investors may not be repaid in accordance with the terms under which the obligation was issued. In some cases, credit ratings may also include consideration for the relative ranking of claims and recovery, should default occur. Credit ratings are meant to provide opinions on relative measures of risk and are not based on expectations of any specific default probability, nor are they meant to predict such.

The data and information on which DBRS bases its opinions is not audited or verified by DBRS, although DBRS conducts a reasonableness review of information received and relied upon in accordance with its Methodologies and policies.

DBRS uses rating symbols as a concise method of expressing its opinion to the market but there are a limited number of rating categories for the possible slight risk differentials that exist across the rating spectrum and DBRS does not assert that credit ratings in the same category are of “exactly” the same quality.

 

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APPENDIX B

GSAM PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES SUMMARY

Effective February 2019

The following is a summary of the material GSAM Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”), which form the substantive basis of GSAM’s Policy and Procedures on Proxy Voting for Investment Advisory Clients (the “Policy”). As described in the main body of the Policy, one or more GSAM Portfolio Management Teams may diverge from the Guidelines and a related Recommendation on any particular proxy vote or in connection with any individual investment decision in accordance with the Policy.

 

A.      US proxy items:   
  1.    Operational Items      page 2-B  
  2.    Board of Directors      page 2-B  
  3.    Executive Compensation      page 4-B  
  4.    Director Nominees and Proxy Access      page 6-B  
  5.    Shareholder Rights and Defenses      page 7-B  
  6.    Mergers and Corporate Restructurings      page 8-B  
  7.    State of Incorporation      page 8-B  
  8.    Capital Structure      page 8-B  
  9.    Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) Issues      page 9-B  
B.      Non-U.S. proxy items:   
  1.    Operational Items      page 12-B  
  2.    Board of Directors      page 13-B  
  3.    Compensation      page 15-B  
  4.    Board Structure      page 15-B  
  5.    Capital Structure      page 15-B  
  6.    Mergers and Corporate Restructurings & Other      page 17-B  
  7.    Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) Issues      page 17-B  

 

1-B


A. U.S. Proxy Items

The following section is a summary of the Guidelines, which form the substantive basis of the Policy with respect to U.S. public equity investments.

1. Operational Items

Auditor Ratification

Vote FOR proposals to ratify auditors, unless any of the following apply within the last year:

 

   

An auditor has a financial interest in or association with the company, and is therefore not independent;

 

   

There is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion that is neither accurate nor indicative of the company’s financial position;

 

   

Poor accounting practices are identified that rise to a serious level of concern, such as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; or material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures; or

 

   

Fees for non-audit services are excessive (generally over 50% or more of the audit fees).

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking companies to prohibit or limit their auditors from engaging in non-audit services or asking for audit firm rotation.

2. Board of Directors

The board of directors should promote the interests of shareholders by acting in an oversight and/or advisory role; the board should consist of a majority of independent directors and should be held accountable for actions and results related to their responsibilities.

When evaluating board composition, GSAM believes a diversity of ethnicity, gender and experience is an important consideration.

Classification of Directors

Where applicable, the New York Stock Exchange or NASDAQ Listing Standards definition is to be used to classify directors as inside directors, affiliated outside directors, or independent outside directors.

Additionally, GSAM will consider compensation committee interlocking directors to be affiliated (defined as CEOs who sit on each other’s compensation committees).

Voting on Director Nominees in Uncontested Elections

Vote on director nominees should be determined on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from individual directors who:

 

   

Attend less than 75% of the board and committee meetings without a disclosed valid excuse ;

 

   

Sit on more than five public operating and/or holding company boards;

 

   

Are CEOs of public companies who sit on the boards of more than two public companies besides their own--withhold only at their outside boards.

Other items considered for an AGAINST vote include specific concerns about the individual or the company, such as criminal wrongdoing or breach of fiduciary responsibilities, sanctions from government or authority, violations of laws and regulations, the presence of inappropriate related party transactions, or other issues related to improper business practices.

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the Chair of the Nominating Committee if:

 

   

The board does not have at least one woman director and

 

   

The board has not had a female director in the last three years

 

2-B


Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from inside directors and affiliated outside directors (per the Classification of Directors above) in the case of operating and/or holding companies when:

 

   

The inside director or affiliated outside director serves on the Audit, Compensation or Nominating Committees; and

 

   

The company lacks an Audit, Compensation or Nominating Committee so that the full board functions as such committees and inside directors or affiliated outside directors are participating in voting on matters that independent committees should be voting on.

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from members of the appropriate committee (or only the independent chairman or lead director as may be appropriate in situations such as where there is a classified board and members of the appropriate committee are not up for re-election or the appropriate committee is comprised of the entire board ) for the below reasons. Extreme cases may warrant a vote against the entire board.

 

   

Material failures of governance, stewardship, or fiduciary responsibilities at the company;

 

   

Egregious actions related to the director(s)’ service on other boards that raise substantial doubt about his or her ability to effectively oversee management and serve the best interests of shareholders at any company;

 

   

At the previous board election, any director received more than 50% withhold/against votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the underlying issue(s) that caused the high withhold/against vote (members of the Nominating or Governance Committees);

 

   

The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval of the majority of shares cast for the previous two consecutive years (a management proposal with other than a FOR recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action taken); an adopted proposal that is substantially similar to the original shareholder proposal will be deemed sufficient; (vote against members of the committee of the board that is responsible for the issue under consideration). If GSAM did not support the shareholder proposal in both years, GSAM will still vote against the committee member(s).

 

   

The average board tenure exceeds 15 years, and there has not been a new nominee in the past 5 years.

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the Audit Committee if:

 

   

The non-audit fees paid to the auditor are excessive (generally over 50% or more of the audit fees);

 

   

The company receives an adverse opinion on the company’s financial statements from its auditor and there is not clear evidence that the situation has been remedied;

 

   

There is persuasive evidence that the Audit Committee entered into an inappropriate indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of the company, or its shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against the audit firm; or

 

   

No members of the Audit Committee hold sufficient financial expertise.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on members of the Audit Committee and/or the full board if poor accounting practices, which rise to a level of serious concern are identified, such as fraud, misapplication of GAAP and material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures.

Examine the severity, breadth, chronological sequence and duration, as well as the company’s efforts at remediation or corrective actions, in determining whether negative vote recommendations are warranted against the members of the Audit Committee who are responsible for the poor accounting practices, or the entire board.

See section 3 on executive and director compensation for reasons to withhold from members of the Compensation Committee.

 

3-B


In limited circumstances, GSAM may vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from all nominees of the board of directors (except from new nominees who should be considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis and except as discussed below) if:

 

   

The company’s poison pill has a dead-hand or modified dead-hand feature for two or more years. Vote against/withhold every year until this feature is removed; however, vote against the poison pill if there is one on the ballot with this feature rather than the director;

 

   

The board adopts or renews a poison pill without shareholder approval, does not commit to putting it to shareholder vote within 12 months of adoption (or in the case of an newly public company, does not commit to put the pill to a shareholder vote within 12 months following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to a vote, and has not yet received a withhold/against recommendation for this issue;

 

   

The board failed to act on takeover offers where the majority of the shareholders tendered their shares;

 

   

If in an extreme situation the board lacks accountability and oversight, coupled with sustained poor performance relative to peers.

Shareholder proposal regarding Independent Chair (Separate Chair/CEO)

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

GSAM will generally recommend a vote AGAINST shareholder proposals requiring that the chairman’s position be filled by an independent director, if the company satisfies 3 of the 4 following criteria:

 

   

Designated lead director, elected by and from the independent board members with clearly delineated and comprehensive duties;

 

   

Two-thirds independent board;

 

   

All independent “key” committees (audit, compensation and nominating committees); or

 

   

Established, disclosed governance guidelines.

Shareholder proposal regarding board declassification

GSAM will generally vote FOR proposals requesting that the board adopt a declassified structure in the case of operating and holding companies.

Majority Vote Shareholder Proposals

GSAM will vote FOR proposals requesting that the board adopt majority voting in the election of directors provided it does not conflict with the state law where the company is incorporated. GSAM also looks for companies to adopt a post-election policy outlining how the company will address the situation of a holdover director.

Cumulative Vote Shareholder Proposals

GSAM will generally support shareholder proposals to restore or provide cumulative voting in the case of operating and holding companies unless:

 

   

The company has adopted (i) majority vote standard with a carve-out for plurality voting in situations where there are more nominees than seats and (ii) a director resignation policy to address failed elections.

3. Executive Compensation

Pay Practices

Good pay practices should align management’s interests with long-term shareholder value creation. Detailed disclosure of compensation criteria is preferred; proof that companies follow the criteria should be evident and retroactive performance target changes without proper disclosure is not viewed favorably. Compensation practices should allow a company to attract and retain proven talent. Some examples of poor pay practices include: abnormally large bonus payouts without justifiable performance linkage or proper disclosure, egregious employment contracts, excessive severance and/or change in control provisions, repricing or replacing of underwater stock options/stock appreciation rights without prior shareholder approval, and excessive perquisites. A company should also have an appropriate balance of short-term vs. long-term metrics and the metrics should be aligned with business goals and objectives.

 

4-B


If the company maintains problematic or poor pay practices, generally vote:

 

   

AGAINST Management Say on Pay (MSOP) Proposals; or

 

   

AGAINST an equity-based incentive plan proposal if excessive non-performance-based equity awards are the major contributor to a pay-for-performance misalignment.

 

   

If no MSOP or equity-based incentive plan proposal item is on the ballot, vote AGAINST/WITHHOLD from compensation committee members.

Equity Compensation Plans

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on equity-based compensation plans. Evaluation takes into account potential plan cost, plan features and grant practices. While a negative combination of these factors could cause a vote AGAINST, other reasons to vote AGAINST the equity plan could include the following factors:

 

   

The plan permits the repricing of stock options/stock appreciation rights (SARs) without prior shareholder approval; or

 

   

There is more than one problematic material feature of the plan, which could include one of the following: unfavorable change-in-control features, presence of gross ups and options reload.

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay, MSOP) Management Proposals

Vote FOR annual frequency and AGAINST all proposals asking for any frequency less than annual.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals for an advisory vote on executive compensation. For U.S. companies, consider the following factors in the context of each company’s specific circumstances and the board’s disclosed rationale for its practices.

Factors Considered Include:

 

   

Pay for Performance Disconnect;

 

   

GSAM will consider there to be a disconnect based on a quantitative assessment of the following: CEO pay vs. TSR (“Total Shareholder Return”) and peers, CEO pay as a percentage of the median peer group or CEO pay vs. shareholder return over time.

 

   

Long-term equity-based compensation is 100% time-based;

 

   

Board’s responsiveness if company received 70% or less shareholder support in the previous year’s MSOP vote;

 

   

Abnormally large bonus payouts without justifiable performance linkage or proper disclosure;

 

   

Egregious employment contracts;

 

   

Excessive perquisites or excessive severance and/or change in control provisions;

 

   

Repricing or replacing of underwater stock options without prior shareholder approval;

 

   

Excessive pledging or hedging of stock by executives;

 

   

Egregious pension/SERP (supplemental executive retirement plan) payouts;

 

   

Extraordinary relocation benefits;

 

   

Internal pay disparity; and

 

   

Lack of transparent disclosure of compensation philosophy and goals and targets, including details on short-term and long-term performance incentives.

Other Compensation Proposals and Policies

Employee Stock Purchase Plans — Non-Qualified Plans

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on nonqualified employee stock purchase plans taking into account the following factors:

 

   

Broad-based participation;

 

   

Limits on employee contributions;

 

   

Company matching contributions; and

 

   

Presence of a discount on the stock price on the date of purchase.

 

5-B


Option Exchange Programs/Repricing Options

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals seeking approval to exchange/reprice options, taking into consideration:

 

   

Historic trading patterns--the stock price should not be so volatile that the options are likely to be back “in-the-money” over the near term;

 

   

Rationale for the re-pricing;

 

   

If it is a value-for-value exchange;

 

   

If surrendered stock options are added back to the plan reserve;

 

   

Option vesting;

 

   

Term of the option--the term should remain the same as that of the replaced option;

 

   

Exercise price—should be set at fair market or a premium to market;

 

   

Participants—executive officers and directors should be excluded.

Vote FOR shareholder proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.

Other Shareholder Proposals on Compensation

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Frequency on Pay)

Vote FOR annual frequency.

Stock retention holding period

Vote FOR shareholder proposals asking for a policy requiring that senior executives retain a significant percentage of shares acquired through equity compensation programs if the policy requests retention for two years or less following the termination of their employment (through retirement or otherwise) and a holding threshold percentage of 50% or less.

Also consider:

 

   

Whether the company has any holding period, retention ratio, or officer ownership requirements in place and the terms/provisions of awards already granted.

Elimination of accelerated vesting in the event of a change in control

Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals seeking a policy eliminating the accelerated vesting of time-based equity awards in the event of a change-in-control.

Performance-based equity awards and pay-for-superior-performance proposals

Generally support unless there is sufficient evidence that the current compensation structure is already substantially performance-based. GSAM considers performance-based awards to include awards that are tied to shareholder return or other metrics that are relevant to the business.

Say on Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans (SERP)

Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking for shareholder votes on SERP.

4. Director Nominees and Proxy Access

Voting for Director Nominees (Management or Shareholder)

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the election of directors of operating and holding companies in contested elections, considering the following factors:

 

   

Long-term financial performance of the target company relative to its industry;

 

   

Management’s track record;

 

   

Background of the nomination, in cases where there is a shareholder nomination;

 

   

Qualifications of director nominee(s);

 

   

Strategic plan related to the nomination and quality of critique against management;

 

   

Number of boards on which the director nominee already serves; and

 

   

Likelihood that the board will be productive as a result.

 

6-B


Proxy Access

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder or management proposals asking for proxy access.

GSAM may support proxy access as an important right for shareholders of operating and holding companies and as an alternative to costly proxy contests and as a method for GSAM to vote for directors on an individual basis, as appropriate, rather than voting on one slate or the other. While this could be an important shareholder right, the following factors will be taken into account when evaluating the shareholder proposals:

 

   

The ownership thresholds, percentage and duration proposed (GSAM generally will not support if the ownership threshold is less than 3%);

 

   

The maximum proportion of directors that shareholders may nominate each year (GSAM generally will not support if the proportion of directors is greater than 25%); and

 

   

Other restricting factors that when taken in combination could serve to materially limit the proxy access provision.

GSAM will take the above factors into account when evaluating proposals proactively adopted by the company or in response to a shareholder proposal to adopt or amend the right. A vote against governance committee members could result if provisions exist that materially limit the right to proxy access.

Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses. When voting in conjunction with support of a dissident slate, vote FOR the reimbursement of all appropriate proxy solicitation expenses associated with the election.

5. Shareholders Rights and Defenses

Shareholder Ability to Act by Written Consent

In the case of operating and holding companies, generally vote FOR shareholder proposals that provide shareholders with the ability to act by written consent, unless:

 

   

The company already gives shareholders the right to call special meetings at a threshold of 25% or lower; and

 

   

The company has a history of strong governance practices.

Shareholder Ability to Call Special Meetings

In the case of operating and holding companies, generally vote FOR management proposals that provide shareholders with the ability to call special meetings.

In the case of operating and holding companies, generally vote FOR shareholder proposals that provide shareholders with the ability to call special meetings at a threshold of 25% or lower if the company currently does not give shareholders the right to call special meetings. However, if a company already gives shareholders the right to call special meetings at a threshold of at least 25%, vote AGAINST shareholder proposals to further reduce the threshold.

Advance Notice Requirements for Shareholder Proposals/Nominations

In the case of operating and holding companies, vote CASE-BY-CASE on advance notice proposals, giving support to proposals that allow shareholders to submit proposals/nominations reasonably close to the meeting date and within the broadest window possible, recognizing the need to allow sufficient notice for company, regulatory and shareholder review.

Poison Pills

Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that the company submit its poison pill to a shareholder vote or redeem it, unless the company has:

 

   

a shareholder-approved poison pill in place; or

 

   

adopted a policy concerning the adoption of a pill in the future specifying certain shareholder friendly provisions.

 

7-B


Vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for poison pills to be put to a vote within a time period of less than one year after adoption.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals on poison pill ratification, focusing on the features of the shareholder rights plan.

In addition, the rationale for adopting the pill should be thoroughly explained by the company. In examining the request for the pill, take into consideration the company’s existing governance structure, including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, and any problematic governance concerns.

 

6.

Mergers and Corporate Restructurings

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following based on publicly available information:

 

   

Valuation;

 

   

Market reaction;

 

   

Strategic rationale;

 

   

Management’s track record of successful integration of historical acquisitions;

 

   

Presence of conflicts of interest; and

 

   

Governance profile of the combined company.

7. State of Incorporation

Reincorporation Proposals

GSAM may support management proposals to reincorporate as long as the reincorporation would not substantially diminish shareholder rights. GSAM may not support shareholder proposals for reincorporation unless the current state of incorporation is substantially less shareholder friendly than the proposed reincorporation, there is a strong economic case to reincorporate or the company has a history of making decisions that are not shareholder friendly.

Exclusive venue for shareholder lawsuits

Generally vote FOR on exclusive venue proposals, taking into account:

 

   

Whether the company has been materially harmed by shareholder litigation outside its jurisdiction of incorporation, based on disclosure in the company’s proxy statement;

 

   

Whether the company has the following good governance features:

 

   

Majority independent board;

 

   

Independent key committees;

 

   

An annually elected board;

 

   

A majority vote standard in uncontested director elections;

 

   

The absence of a poison pill, unless the pill was approved by shareholders; and/or

 

   

Separate Chairman CEO role or, if combined, an independent chairman with clearly delineated duties.

8. Capital Structure

Common and Preferred Stock Authorization

Generally vote FOR proposals to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance.

Generally vote FOR proposals to increase the number of shares of preferred stock, as long as there is a commitment to not use the shares for anti-takeover purposes.

 

8-B


9. Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) Issues

Overall Approach

GSAM recognizes that Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) factors can affect investment performance, expose potential investment risks and provide an indication of management excellence and leadership. When evaluating ESG proxy issues, GSAM balances the purpose of a proposal with the overall benefit to shareholders.

Shareholder proposals considered under this category could include, among others, reports on:

 

1)

employee labor and safety policies;

 

2)

impact on the environment of the company’s production or manufacturing operations;

 

3)

societal impact of products manufactured;

 

4)

risks throughout the supply chain or operations including labor practices, animal treatment practices within food production and conflict minerals; and

 

5)

overall board structure, including diversity.

When evaluating environmental and social shareholder proposals, the following factors are generally considered:

 

   

The company’s current level of publicly available disclosure, including if the company already discloses similar information through existing reports or policies;

 

   

If the company has implemented or formally committed to the implementation of a reporting program based on the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board’s (SASB) materiality standards or a similar standard;

 

   

Whether adoption of the proposal is likely to enhance or protect shareholder value;

 

   

Whether the information requested concerns business issues that relate to a meaningful percentage of the company’s business;

 

   

The degree to which the company’s stated position on the issues raised in the proposal could affect its reputation or sales, or leave it vulnerable to a boycott or selective purchasing;

 

   

Whether the company has already responded in some appropriate manner to the request embodied in the proposal;

 

   

What other companies in the relevant industry have done in response to the issue addressed in the proposal;

 

   

Whether the proposal itself is well framed and the cost of preparing the report is reasonable;

 

   

Whether the subject of the proposal is best left to the discretion of the board;

 

   

Whether the company has material fines or violations in the area and if so, if appropriate actions have already been taken to remedy going forward;

 

   

Whether providing this information would reveal proprietary or confidential information that would place the company at a competitive disadvantage.

Environmental Sustainability, climate change reporting

Generally vote FOR proposals requesting the company to report on its policies, initiatives and oversight mechanisms related to environmental sustainability, or how the company may be impacted by climate change. The following factors will be considered:

 

   

The company’s current level of publicly available disclosure including if the company already discloses similar information through existing reports or policies;

 

   

If the company has formally committed to the implementation of a reporting program based on the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board’s (SASB) materiality standards or a similar standard within a specified time frame;

 

   

If the company’s current level of disclosure is comparable to that of its industry peers; and

 

   

If there are significant controversies, fines, penalties, or litigation associated with the company’s environmental performance.

Establishing goals or targets for emissions reduction

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the following shareholder proposals if relevant to the company:

 

   

Seeking information on the financial, physical, or regulatory risks a company faces related to climate change on its operations and investment, or on how the company identifies, measures and manages such risks;

 

9-B


   

Calling for the reduction of Greenhouse Gas (“GHG”) emissions;

 

   

Seeking reports on responses to regulatory and public pressures surrounding climate change, and for disclosure of research that aided in setting company policies around climate change;

 

   

Requesting a report/disclosure of goals on GHG emissions from company operations and/or products;

 

   

Requesting a company report on its energy efficiency policies; and

 

   

Requesting reports on the feasibility of developing renewable energy resources.

Political Contributions and Trade Association Spending/Lobbying Expenditures and Initiatives

GSAM generally believes that it is the role of boards and management to determine the appropriate level of disclosure of all types of corporate political activity. When evaluating these proposals, GSAM considers the prescriptive nature of the proposal and the overall benefit to shareholders along with a company’s current disclosure of policies, practices and oversight.

Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking the company to affirm political nonpartisanship in the workplace so long as:

 

   

There are no recent, significant controversies, fines or litigation regarding the company’s political contributions or trade association spending; and

 

   

The company has procedures in place to ensure that employee contributions to company-sponsored political action committees (PACs) are strictly voluntary and prohibits coercion.

Vote AGAINST proposals requesting increased disclosure of a company’s policies with respect to political contributions, lobbying and trade association spending as long as:

 

   

There is no significant potential threat or actual harm to shareholders’ interests;

 

   

There are no recent significant controversies or litigation related to the company’s political contributions or governmental affairs; and

 

   

There is publicly available information to assess the company’s oversight related to such expenditures of corporate assets.

GSAM generally will vote AGAINST proposals asking for detailed disclosure of political contributions or trade association or lobbying expenditures.

Vote AGAINST proposals barring the company from making political contributions. Businesses are affected by legislation at the federal, state, and local level and barring political contributions can put the company at a competitive disadvantage.

Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation

A company should have a clear, public Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) statement and/or diversity policy. Generally vote FOR proposals seeking to amend a company’s EEO statement or diversity policies to additionally prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation and/or gender identity.

Generally vote FOR proposals requesting reports on a company’s efforts to diversify the board, unless:

 

   

The gender and racial minority representation of the company’s board is reasonably inclusive in relation to companies of similar size and business; and

 

   

The board already reports on its nominating procedures and gender and racial minority initiatives on the board.

Gender Pay Gap

Generally vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting reports on a company’s pay data by gender, or a report on a company’s policies and goals to reduce any gender pay gap, taking into account:

 

   

The company’s current policies and disclosure related to both its diversity and inclusion policies and practices and its compensation philosophy and fair and equitable compensation practices;

 

   

Whether the company has been the subject of recent controversy, litigation or regulatory actions related to gender pay gap issues; and

 

   

Whether the company’s reporting regarding gender pay gap policies or initiatives is lagging its peers.

 

10-B


Labor and Human Rights Standards

Generally vote FOR proposals requesting a report on company or company supplier labor and/or human rights standards and policies, or on the impact of its operations on society, unless such information is already publicly disclosed considering:

 

   

The degree to which existing relevant policies and practices are disclosed;

 

   

Whether or not existing relevant policies are consistent with internationally recognized standards;

 

   

Whether company facilities and those of its suppliers are monitored and how;

 

   

Company participation in fair labor organizations or other internationally recognized human rights initiatives;

 

   

Scope and nature of business conducted in markets known to have higher risk of workplace labor/human rights abuse;

 

   

Recent, significant company controversies, fines, or litigation regarding human rights at the company or its suppliers;

 

   

The scope of the request; and

 

   

Deviation from industry sector peer company standards and practices.

 

 

11-B


B. Non-U.S. Proxy Items

The following section is a broad summary of the Guidelines, which form the basis of the Policy with respect to non-U.S. public equity investments. Applying these guidelines is subject to certain regional and country-specific exceptions and modifications and is not inclusive of all considerations in each market.

1. Operational Items

Financial Results/Director and Auditor Reports

Vote FOR approval of financial statements and director and auditor reports, unless:

 

   

There are concerns about the accounts presented or audit procedures used; or

 

   

The company is not responsive to shareholder questions about specific items that should be publicly disclosed.

Appointment of Auditors and Auditor Fees

Vote FOR the re-election of auditors and proposals authorizing the board to fix auditor fees, unless:

 

   

There are serious concerns about the accounts presented, audit procedures used or audit opinion rendered;

 

   

There is reason to believe that the auditor has rendered an opinion that is neither accurate nor indicative of the company’s financial position;

 

   

Name of the proposed auditor has not been published;

 

   

The auditors are being changed without explanation;

 

   

Non-audit-related fees are substantial or are in excess of standard annual audit-related fees; or

 

   

The appointment of external auditors if they have previously served the company in an executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.

Appointment of Statutory Auditors

Vote FOR the appointment or re-election of statutory auditors, unless:

 

   

There are serious concerns about the statutory reports presented or the audit procedures used;

 

   

Questions exist concerning any of the statutory auditors being appointed; or

 

   

The auditors have previously served the company in an executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.

Allocation of Income

Vote FOR approval of the allocation of income, unless:

 

   

The dividend payout ratio has been consistently low without adequate explanation; or

 

   

The payout is excessive given the company’s financial position.

Stock (Scrip) Dividend Alternative

Vote FOR most stock (scrip) dividend proposals.

Vote AGAINST proposals that do not allow for a cash option unless management demonstrates that the cash option is harmful to shareholder value.

Amendments to Articles of Association

Vote amendments to the articles of association on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Change in Company Fiscal Term

Vote FOR resolutions to change a company’s fiscal term unless a company’s motivation for the change is to postpone its annual general meeting.

Lower Disclosure Threshold for Stock Ownership

Vote AGAINST resolutions to lower the stock ownership disclosure threshold below 5% unless specific reasons exist to implement a lower threshold.

 

12-B


Amend Quorum Requirements

Vote proposals to amend quorum requirements for shareholder meetings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Transact Other Business

Vote AGAINST other business when it appears as a voting item.

2. Board of Directors

Director Elections

Vote FOR management nominees taking into consideration the following:

 

   

Adequate disclosure has not been provided in a timely manner; or

 

   

There are clear concerns over questionable finances or restatements; or

 

   

There have been questionable transactions or conflicts of interest; or

 

   

There are any records of abuses against minority shareholder interests; or

 

   

The board fails to meet minimum corporate governance standards; or

 

   

There are reservations about:

 

   

Director terms

 

   

Bundling of proposals to elect directors

 

   

Board independence

 

   

Disclosure of named nominees

 

   

Combined Chairman/CEO

 

   

Election of former CEO as Chairman of the board

 

   

Overboarded directors

 

   

Composition of committees

 

   

Director independence

 

   

Number of directors on the board

 

   

Specific concerns about the individual or company, such as criminal wrongdoing or breach of fiduciary responsibilities; or

 

   

Repeated absences at board meetings have not been explained (in countries where this information is disclosed); or

 

   

Unless there are other considerations which may include sanctions from government or authority, violations of laws and regulations, or other issues related to improper business practice, failure to replace management, or egregious actions related to service on other boards.

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis in contested elections of directors, e.g., the election of shareholder nominees or the dismissal of incumbent directors, determining which directors are best suited to add value for shareholders.

The analysis will generally be based on, but not limited to, the following major decision factors:

 

   

Company performance relative to its peers;

 

   

Strategy of the incumbents versus the dissidents;

 

   

Independence of board candidates;

 

   

Experience and skills of board candidates;

 

   

Governance profile of the company;

 

   

Evidence of management entrenchment;

 

   

Responsiveness to shareholders;

 

   

Whether a takeover offer has been rebuffed;

 

   

Whether minority or majority representation is being sought.

Vote FOR employee and/or labor representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation committee and are required by law to be on those committees.

Vote AGAINST employee and/or labor representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation committee, if they are not required to be on those committees.

 

13-B


Classification of directors

Executive Director

 

   

Employee or executive of the company;

 

   

Any director who is classified as a non-executive, but receives salary, fees, bonus, and/or other benefits that are in line with the highest-paid executives of the company.

Non-Independent Non-Executive Director (NED)

 

   

Any director who is attested by the board to be a non-independent NED;

 

   

Any director specifically designated as a representative of a significant shareholder of the company;

 

   

Any director who is also an employee or executive of a significant shareholder of the company;

 

   

Beneficial owner (direct or indirect) of at least 10% of the company’s stock, either in economic terms or in voting rights (this may be aggregated if voting power is distributed among more than one member of a defined group, e.g., family members who beneficially own less than 10% individually, but collectively own more than 10%), unless market best practice dictates a lower ownership and/or disclosure threshold (and in other special market-specific circumstances);

 

   

Government representative;

 

   

Currently provides (or a relative provides) professional services to the company, to an affiliate of the company, or to an individual officer of the company or of one of its affiliates in excess of $10,000 per year;

 

   

Represents customer, supplier, creditor, banker, or other entity with which company maintains transactional/commercial relationship (unless company discloses information to apply a materiality test);

 

   

Any director who has conflicting or cross-directorships with executive directors or the chairman of the company;

 

   

Relative of a current employee of the company or its affiliates;

 

   

Relative of a former executive of the company or its affiliates;

 

   

A new appointee elected other than by a formal process through the General Meeting (such as a contractual appointment by a substantial shareholder);

 

   

Founder/co-founder/member of founding family but not currently an employee;

 

   

Former executive (5 year cooling off period);

 

   

Years of service is generally not a determining factor unless it is recommended best practice in a market and/or in extreme circumstances, in which case it may be considered; and

 

   

Any additional relationship or principle considered to compromise independence under local corporate governance best practice guidance.

Independent NED

 

   

No material connection, either directly or indirectly, to the company other than a board seat.

Employee Representative

 

   

Represents employees or employee shareholders of the company (classified as “employee representative” but considered a non-independent NED).

Discharge of Directors

Generally vote FOR the discharge of directors, including members of the management board and/or supervisory board, unless there is reliable information about significant and compelling controversies that the board is not fulfilling its fiduciary duties warranted by:

 

   

A lack of oversight or actions by board members which invoke shareholder distrust related to malfeasance or poor supervision, such as operating in private or company interest rather than in shareholder interest; or

 

   

Any legal issues (e.g., civil/criminal) aiming to hold the board responsible for breach of trust in the past or related to currently alleged actions yet to be confirmed (and not only the fiscal year in question), such as price fixing, insider trading, bribery, fraud, and other illegal actions; or

 

14-B


   

Other egregious governance issues where shareholders may bring legal action against the company or its directors; or

 

   

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis where a vote against other agenda items are deemed inappropriate.

3. Compensation

Director Compensation

Vote FOR proposals to award cash fees to non-executive directors unless the amounts are excessive relative to other companies in the country or industry.

Vote non-executive director compensation proposals that include both cash and share-based components on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote proposals that bundle compensation for both non-executive and executive directors into a single resolution on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote AGAINST proposals to introduce retirement benefits for non-executive directors.

Compensation Plans

Vote compensation plans on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Director, Officer, and Auditor Indemnification and Liability Provisions

Vote proposals seeking indemnification and liability protection for directors and officers on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote AGAINST proposals to indemnify auditors.

4. Board Structure

Vote AGAINST the introduction of classified boards and mandatory retirement ages for directors.

Vote AGAINST proposals to alter board structure or size in the context of a fight for control of the company or the board.

Chairman CEO combined role (for applicable markets)

GSAM will generally recommend a vote AGAINST shareholder proposals requiring that the chairman’s position be filled by an independent director, if the company satisfies 3 of the 4 following criteria:

 

   

Two-thirds independent board, or majority in countries where employee representation is common practice;

 

   

A designated, or a rotating, lead director, elected by and from the independent board members with clearly delineated and comprehensive duties;

 

   

Fully independent key committees; and/or

 

   

Established, publicly disclosed, governance guidelines and director biographies/profiles.

5. Capital Structure

Share Issuance Requests

General Issuances:

Vote FOR issuance requests with preemptive rights to a maximum of 100% over currently issued capital.

Vote FOR issuance requests without preemptive rights to a maximum of 20% of currently issued capital.

Specific Issuances:

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on all requests, with or without preemptive rights.

 

15-B


Increases in Authorized Capital

Vote FOR non-specific proposals to increase authorized capital up to 100% over the current authorization unless the increase would leave the company with less than 30% of its new authorization outstanding.

Vote FOR specific proposals to increase authorized capital to any amount, unless:

 

   

The specific purpose of the increase (such as a share-based acquisition or merger) does not meet guidelines for the purpose being proposed; or

 

   

The increase would leave the company with less than 30% of its new authorization outstanding after adjusting for all proposed issuances.

Vote AGAINST proposals to adopt unlimited capital authorizations.

Reduction of Capital

Vote FOR proposals to reduce capital for routine accounting purposes unless the terms are unfavorable to shareholders.

Vote proposals to reduce capital in connection with corporate restructuring on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Capital Structures

Vote FOR resolutions that seek to maintain or convert to a one-share, one-vote capital structure.

Vote AGAINST requests for the creation or continuation of dual-class capital structures or the creation of new or additional super voting shares.

Preferred Stock

Vote FOR the creation of a new class of preferred stock or for issuances of preferred stock up to 50% of issued capital unless the terms of the preferred stock would adversely affect the rights of existing shareholders.

Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible preferred stock as long as the maximum number of common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets guidelines on equity issuance requests.

Vote AGAINST the creation of a new class of preference shares that would carry superior voting rights to the common shares.

Vote AGAINST the creation of blank check preferred stock unless the board clearly states that the authorization will not be used to thwart a takeover bid.

Vote proposals to increase blank check preferred authorizations on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Debt Issuance Requests

Vote non-convertible debt issuance requests on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, with or without preemptive rights.

Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible debt instruments as long as the maximum number of common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets guidelines on equity issuance requests.

Vote FOR proposals to restructure existing debt arrangements unless the terms of the restructuring would adversely affect the rights of shareholders.

Increase in Borrowing Powers

Vote proposals to approve increases in a company’s borrowing powers on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Share Repurchase Plans

GSAM will generally recommend FOR share repurchase programs taking into account whether:

 

   

The share repurchase program can be used as a takeover defense;

 

   

There is clear evidence of historical abuse;

 

   

There is no safeguard in the share repurchase program against selective buybacks;

 

   

Pricing provisions and safeguards in the share repurchase program are deemed to be unreasonable in light of market practice.

 

16-B


Reissuance of Repurchased Shares

Vote FOR requests to reissue any repurchased shares unless there is clear evidence of abuse of this authority in the past.

Capitalization of Reserves for Bonus Issues/Increase in Par Value

Vote FOR requests to capitalize reserves for bonus issues of shares or to increase par value.

6. Mergers and Corporate Restructurings and Other

Reorganizations/Restructurings

Vote reorganizations and restructurings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Mergers and Acquisitions

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following based on publicly available information:

 

   

Valuation;

 

   

Market reaction;

 

   

Strategic rationale;

 

   

Management’s track record of successful integration of historical acquisitions;

 

   

Presence of conflicts of interest; and

 

   

Governance profile of the combined company.

Antitakeover Mechanisms

Generally vote AGAINST all antitakeover proposals, unless they are structured in such a way that they give shareholders the ultimate decision on any proposal or offer.

Reincorporation Proposals

Vote reincorporation proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Related-Party Transactions

Vote related-party transactions on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering factors including, but not limited to, the following:

 

   

The parties on either side of the transaction;

 

   

The nature of the asset to be transferred/service to be provided;

 

   

The pricing of the transaction (and any associated professional valuation);

 

   

The views of independent directors (where provided);

 

   

The views of an independent financial adviser (where appointed);

 

   

Whether any entities party to the transaction (including advisers) is conflicted; and

 

   

The stated rationale for the transaction, including discussions of timing.

Shareholder Proposals

Vote all shareholder proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote FOR proposals that would improve the company’s corporate governance or business profile at a reasonable cost.

Vote AGAINST proposals that limit the company’s business activities or capabilities or result in significant costs being incurred with little or no benefit.

7. Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) Issues

Please refer to page 9-B for our current approach to these important topics.

 

17-B


PART C

OTHER INFORMATION

Part C of this Registration Statement should be read in conjunction with Parts A and B. Capitalized terms used in this Part C and not otherwise defined have the meanings given them in Parts A and B of this Registration Statement.

ITEM 25. FINANCIAL STATEMENT AND EXHIBITS

 

(1)   Financial Statement:
 

Part A: To be filed by amendment.

Part B: To be filed by amendment.

(2)   Exhibits:  
(a)   (1)   Certificate of Trust dated December 2, 2019 (filed herewith).
  (2)   Declaration of Trust dated December 2, 2019 (filed herewith).
(b)     By-laws dated December 2, 2019 (filed herewith).
(c)     Not Applicable.
(d)     Not Applicable.
(e)     Form of Dividend Reinvestment Plan.*
(f)     Not Applicable.
(g)     Form of Investment Management Agreement between the Registrant and Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. (filed herewith).
(h)     (i)   Form of Principal Underwriting Agreement (filed herewith).
   (ii)   Form of Distribution and Service Plan (filed herewith).
  (iii)   Form of Master Selected Dealers Agreement.*
  (iv)   Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement.*

(i)

   

Not Applicable.

(j)     (i)   Custody Agreement.*
   (ii)   Custody Services Addendum to Custody Agreement.*
(k)    (1)   Form of Transfer Agency and Service Agreement.*
(l)     Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP.*
(m)     Not Applicable.
(n)     Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.*
(o)     Not Applicable.
(p)     Form of Subscription Agreement.
(q)     Not Applicable.
(r)    (1)   Code of Ethics of Registrant.*
   (2)   Code of Ethics of Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P.*
(s)(1)     Powers of Attorney for James A. McNamara, Joseph F. DiMaria, Caroline Dorsa, Linda A. Lang, Michael Latham and Lawrence W. Stranghoener (filed herewith).

 

*

To be filed by amendment.

ITEM 26. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS

To be provided by amendment.


ITEM 27. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION

All figures are estimates:

 

Registration fees

   $ [ ●] 

Printing fees

   $ [ ●] 

Accounting fees and expenses

   $ [ ●] 

Legal fees and expense

   $ [ ●] 

Miscellaneous

   $ [ ●] 

Total Fees

   $ [ ●] 

ITEM 28. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL

To be provided by amendment.

ITEM 29. NUMBER OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

As of [●], [●]:

 

Title of Class

   Number of Record Holders  

Class A Shares

     [●]  

Class C Shares

     [●]  

Class I Shares

     [●]  

Class L Shares

     [●]  

Class W Shares

     [●]  

ITEM 30. INDEMNIFICATION

Section 7.5 of Article VII of the Declaration of Trust of Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund, a Delaware statutory trust, provides for indemnification of the Trustees, officers and agents of the Trust, subject to certain limitations. The Declaration of Trust is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(2).

The Investment Management Agreement provides that the Investment Adviser will not be liable for or any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund, except a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Investment Adviser or from reckless disregard by the Investment Adviser of its obligations or duties under the Investment Management Agreement. The Investment Management Agreement is incorporated by reference as Exhibit (g)(i) to the Registrant’s Registration Statement.

Section 9 of the Principal Underwriting Agreement between the Registrant and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC provides that the Registrant will indemnify Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC against certain liabilities. The Principal Underwriting Agreement is incorporated by reference as Exhibit (h)(i) to the Registrant’s Registration Statement.

Fund and trustees and officers liability policies purchased jointly by the Registrant, Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust, Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund and Goldman Sachs MLP and Energy Renaissance Fund insure such persons and their respective trustees, partners, officers and employees, subject to the policies’ coverage limits and exclusions and varying deductibles, against loss resulting from claims by reason of any act, error, omission, misstatement, misleading statement, neglect or breach of duty.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the Registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is therefore unenforceable.


ITEM 31. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER

Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. (“GSAM”) is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and serves as the investment adviser to the Registrant. GSAM is engaged in the investment advisory business. GSAM is part of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., a public company that is a bank holding company, financial holding company and a worldwide, full-service financial services organization. GSAM Holdings LLC is the general partner and principal owner of GSAM. Information about the officers and partners of GSAM is included in its Form ADV filed with the Commission (registration number 801-37591) and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 32. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS

All applicable accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by the Registrant by Section 31(a) of the 1940 Act and the Rules promulgated thereunder are in the possession and custody of the Registrant’s administrator, [●], located at [●], [●], [●] [●], with the exception of certain documents which are in the possession and custody of the Investment Adviser, located at 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282. Registrant is informed that all applicable accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by registered investment advisers are in the custody and possession of the Investment Adviser.

ITEM 33. MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Not Applicable.

ITEM 34. UNDERTAKINGS

 

1.

Registrant undertakes to suspend the offering of its Shares until it amends the prospectus filed herewith if (1) subsequent to the effective date of its registration statement, the net asset value declines more than ten percent from its net asset value as of the effective date of the registration statement, or (2) the net asset value increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds as stated in the prospectus.

 

2.

Not applicable.

 

3.

Not applicable.


4.

The Registrant hereby undertakes:

(a) to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement:

(1) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the 1933 Act;

(2) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement; and

(3) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

(b) that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;

(c) to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;

(d) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser, if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C: Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 497(b), (c), (d) or (e) under the Securities Act of 1933 as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A under the Securities Act of 1933, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use; and

(e) that for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities, the undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser:

 

  (1)

any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 497 under the Securities Act of 1933;

 

  (2)

the portion of any advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the Securities Act of 1933 relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and

 

  (3)

any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.

 

5.

The Registrant undertakes that:

a. For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under Rule 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective; and


b. For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

6.

The Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any Statement of Additional Information.


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City and State of New York on the 10th day of December, 2019.

 

GOLDMAN SACHS CREDIT INCOME FUND
(A Delaware statutory trust)
By:  

/s/ Caroline L. Kraus

  Caroline L. Kraus
  Secretary

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.

 

Name

  

Title

  

Date

1James A. McNamara

   President (Chief Executive Officer) and Trustee    December 10, 2019
James A. McNamara      

1Joseph F. DiMaria

   Treasurer, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting    December 10, 2019
Joseph F. DiMaria    Officer   

1Caroline Dorsa

   Trustee    December 10, 2019
Caroline Dorsa      

1Linda A. Lang

   Trustee    December 10, 2019
Linda A. Lang      

1Michael Latham

   Trustee    December 10, 2019
Michael Latham      

1Lawrence W. Stranghoener

   Chairman and Trustee    December 10, 2019
Lawrence W. Stranghoener      

 

By:   /s/ Caroline L. Kraus        
Caroline L. Kraus,
Attorney-In-Fact

 

1 

Pursuant to powers of attorney filed herewith.


CERTIFICATE

The undersigned Secretary for Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund (the “Fund”) hereby certifies that the Board of Trustees of the Fund duly adopted the following resolution at a meeting of the Board held on December 2, 2019.

RESOLVED, that Trustees and Officers of the Goldman Sachs Real Estate Diversified Income Fund and Goldman Sachs Credit Income Fund (the “Funds”) who may be required to sign the Funds’ Registration Statements on Form N-2 or Form N-14 or any amendments thereto be, and each hereby is, authorized to execute a power of attorney appointing Caroline L. Kraus, Joseph F. DiMaria, James A. McNamara and Robert Griffith, jointly and severally, as their attorneys-in-fact, each with power of substitution, for said Trustees and Officers in any and all capacities to sign the Registration Statements on Form N-2 and Form N-14 of each Fund and any and all amendments to such Registration Statements, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto, if any, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission and with other federal, state, foreign and quasi-governmental agencies and such other instruments related to compliance with certain of the federal securities laws and other applicable federal, state, foreign and quasi-governmental filings, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact, or his or her substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

Dated: December 10, 2019

 

/s/ Caroline L. Kraus

Caroline L. Kraus,
Secretary


EXHIBIT INDEX

 

(a)(1)   Certificate of Trust dated December 2, 2019
(a)(2)   Declaration of Trust dated December 2, 2019
(b)   By-laws dated December 2, 2019
(g)   Form of Investment Management Agreement between the Registrant and Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P.
(h)(i)   Form of Principal Underwriting Agreement
(h)(ii)   Form of Distribution and Service Plan
(s)(1)   Powers of Attorney for James A. McNamara, Joseph F. DiMaria, Caroline Dorsa, Linda A. Lang, Michael Latham and Lawrence W. Stranghoener