Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2022

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Other than policies noted below, there have been no significant changes to the significant accounting policies disclosed in Note 2 of the audited consolidated financial statements as of January 31, 2022 and 2021 and for the years ended January 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 included in ChargePoint’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 4, 2022.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Actual results and outcomes could differ significantly from the Company’s estimates, judgments and assumptions. Significant estimates include determining standalone selling price for performance obligations in contracts with customers, the estimated expected benefit period for deferred contract acquisition costs, allowances for credit losses, inventory reserves, loss on purchase commitment, the useful lives of long-lived assets, the determination of the incremental borrowing rate used for operating lease liabilities, the valuation of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants and Common Stock warrants, including Common Stock warrants as a result of the Merger, contingent earnout liabilities, valuation of acquired goodwill and intangible assets, the value of Common Stock and other assumptions used to measure stock-based compensation, and the valuation of deferred income tax assets and uncertain tax positions. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Company adjusts such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Changes in those estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the financial statements in future periods. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could materially differ from those estimates and assumptions.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents are held in domestic and foreign cash accounts with large, creditworthy financial institutions. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents through deposits with federally insured commercial banks. At times cash deposit balances may be in excess of federal insurance limits.

Accounts receivable are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect. The Company generally does not require collateral or other security in support of accounts receivable. To reduce credit risk, management performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition.

Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is considered to be limited due to the diversity of the Company’s customer base and geographic sales areas. As of October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022, no customer individually accounted for 10% or more of accounts receivable, net. For the three and nine months ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no customers that represented 10% or more of total revenue.

The Company’s revenue is concentrated in the infrastructure needed for charging EVs, an industry which is highly competitive and rapidly changing. Significant technological changes within the industry or customer requirements, or the emergence of competitive products with new capabilities or technologies, could adversely affect the Company’s business, operating results and financial condition.

Supply chain disruptions and COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect the Company’s business, including as a result of changes in consumer and business behavior, investor fears and market downturns, and restrictions on business and individual activities, has created significant volatility in the global economy and led to reduced economic activity. The spread of COVID-19 has disrupted the Company’s supply chain and heightened its material, freight and logistic costs, and has similarly disrupted manufacturing, delivery and overall supply chain of vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, which has led to fluctuations in EV sales in markets around the world. These ongoing supply chain challenges and heightened logistic costs decreased gross margins in the three and nine months ended October 31, 2022, and the Company expects that gross margins will continue to be adversely affected by increased material costs and freight and logistic expenses through the remainder of the fiscal year ending January 31, 2023.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company initially modified its business practices (including reducing employee travel, recommending that all non-essential personnel work from home and canceling or reducing physical participation in sales activities, meetings, events and conferences), implemented additional safety protocols for essential workers, and implemented temporary cost-cutting measures in order to reduce its operating costs. In May 2022, the Company commenced a “return-to-office” plan, which includes shifting to a hybrid model where employees have the flexibility to work from home or from the office. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in government authorities implementing numerous measures to try to contain the COVID-19 virus, such as travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, stay-at-home or shelter-in-place orders and business shutdowns. While these measures may be relaxed or revised in some areas, there is no guarantee these measures will not be reinstated or resumed due to new or emerging variants of COVID-19 or the inability or ineffectiveness of other public health measures to limit the further spread of COVID-19. The Company may take further actions as may be required by government authorities or that it determines are in the best interests of its employees, customers, suppliers, vendors and business partners as the result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The ultimate full societal and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic remains unknown and its duration and extent depend on current and future developments that cannot be accurately predicted. It has already had an adverse effect on the global economy, the persistence of which has varied over time and across the geographies in which the Company operates. The conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as more prevalence of permanent work-from-home policies, are likely to continue affecting the rate of global infrastructure spending, and thus to continue to adversely impact the Company’s commercial business and its overall gross margin as the Company’s commercial business contributes higher margins than its residential and fleet businesses. Further, the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to disrupt supply chains and heighten component and shipping pricing and logistics expenses and further adversely impact the Company’s gross margins, adversely affect demand for the Company’s platforms, lengthen its product development and sales cycles, reduce the value, renewal rate or duration of subscriptions, negatively impact collections of accounts receivable, reduce expected spending from new customers, cause some of its paying customers to go out of business and limit the ability of the Company’s direct sales force to

travel to customers and potential customers, all of which could adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Additionally, global economic uncertainty due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and other macroeconomic conditions, including inflation, interest rate pressures and labor market disruptions, and related growing concerns of a potential recession, have impacted customer behavior related to discretionary spending and sentiment and could continue to impact such behaviors in the future. Any resulting decline in the ability or willingness of customers, fleet owners and operators to purchase our products or subscription services could have an adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition.

Segment Reporting

The Company operates as one operating segment because its Chief Executive Officer, as the Company’s chief operating decision maker, reviews its financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of making decisions regarding allocating resources and assessing performance.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents may be invested in money market funds. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates their fair value.

Restricted cash of $0.4 million as of October 31, 2022 and January 31, 2022 relates to cash deposits restricted under letters of credit issued in support of trade agreements.

The reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to amounts presented in the consolidated condensed statements of cash flows was as follows:

	October 31, 2022		January 31, 2022
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	188,273	$	315,235
Restricted cash	400		400
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	188,673	$	315,635

Short-Term Investments

The Company's portfolio of marketable debt securities is comprised solely of U.S. government securities with maturities of more than three months, but less than one year. The Company classifies these as available-for-sale at purchase date and will reevaluate such designation at each period end date. The Company may sell these marketable debt securities prior to their stated maturities depending upon changing liquidity requirements.

These debt securities are classified as current assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and recorded at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and as a component of the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Gains and losses are recognized when realized. Gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method and are reported in other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

An impairment loss may be recognized when the decline in fair value of the debt securities is determined to be other-than-temporary. The Company evaluates its investments for other-than-temporary declines in fair value below the cost basis each quarter, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the cost basis of the short-term investments may not be recoverable. The evaluation is based on a number of factors, including the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been below the cost basis, as well as adverse conditions related specifically to the security, such as any changes to the credit rating of the security and the intent to sell or whether the Company will more likely than not be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Credit-related impairment losses, not to exceed the amount that fair value is

less than the amortized cost basis, are recognized through an allowance for credit losses with changes in the allowance for credit losses recorded in other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as an exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified into the following categories based on the inputs used to measure fair value:

•(Level 1) — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date;

•(Level 2) — Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

•(Level 3) — Inputs that are unobservable for the asset or liability.

The Company classifies financial instruments in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy when there is reliance on at least one significant unobservable input to the valuation model. In addition to these unobservable inputs, the valuation models for Level 3 financial instruments typically also rely on a number of inputs that are readily observable, either directly or indirectly. The Company’s assessment of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability. The fair value hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available in determining fair value. The Company recognizes transfers between levels within the fair value hierarchy, if any, at the end of each period. There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented. The Company had no material non-financial assets valued on a non-recurring basis that resulted in an impairment in any period presented.

The carrying values of the Company’s cash equivalents, accounts receivable, net, accounts payable, and accrued and other current liabilities approximate fair value based on the highly liquid, short-term nature of these instruments.

Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations represents the amount of contracted future revenue not yet recognized as the amounts relate to undelivered performance obligations, including both deferred revenue and non-cancellable contracted amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. The Company’s Assure, Cloud and CPaaS subscription terms typically range from one to five years and are paid up-front. Revenue expected to be recognized from remaining performance obligations was $196.2 million as of October 31, 2022, of which 45% is expected to be recognized over the next twelve months.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue represents billings or payments received in advance of revenue recognition and is recognized in revenue upon transfer of control. Balances consist primarily of Cloud and Assure services not yet rendered as of the balance sheet date. Contract assets, which represent services provided or products transferred to customers in advance of the date the Company has a right to invoice, are netted against deferred revenue on a customer-by-customer basis. Current deferred revenue represents deferred revenue that will be recognized within twelve months, and non-current is deferred revenue that will be recognized beyond that twelve-month period.

The following table shows the total deferred revenue for each period presented.

	October 31, 2022		January 31, 2022
	(in thousands)
Deferred revenue	$	175,218	$	146,808
Total deferred revenue	$	175,218	$	146,808

The following table shows the revenue recognized that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period.

	Three Months Ended October 31,				Nine Months Ended October 31,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Deferred revenue recognized	$	13,275	$	9,200	$	50,993	$	31,800
Total deferred revenue recognized	$	13,275	$	9,200	$	50,993	$	31,800

Income Taxes

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to the future years in which deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or realized. Valuation allowances, if management deems them necessary, are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that more likely than not will be realized and primarily relate to the ability to utilize losses in various tax jurisdictions.

ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be “more likely than not” to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. The Company has no material uncertain tax position liabilities for any of the reporting periods presented.

Reclassifications of Prior Period Presentation

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation.

For the nine months ended October 31, 2021, “deferred tax benefit” was reclassified to the “reserves and other” line item within the net cash used in operating activities section of the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows instead of being separately stated as in prior period presentations.

Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In March 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures,” which addresses areas identified by the FASB as part of its post-implementation review of ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments--Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”) that introduced the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) model. The new guidance eliminates the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings by creditors that have already adopted the CECL model and enhances the disclosure requirements for loan refinancings and restructurings made with borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. In addition, the new guidance requires a public business entity to disclose current-period gross write-offs for financing receivables and net investment in leases by year of origination. The guidance will be effective for public business entities that have adopted ASU 2016-13 for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this guidance on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Adopted

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40),” which modifies and simplifies accounting for convertible instruments. The new guidance eliminates certain separation models that require separating embedded conversion features from convertible instruments. The guidance also addresses how convertible instruments are accounted for in the diluted earnings per share calculation. The guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021.

Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted ASU 2020-06 on February 1, 2022 and the amendment in this guidance was applied to the convertible note the Company issued in April 2022 (see Note 8, Debt). There were no financial instrument outstanding as of the beginning of the fiscal year 2023 that requires the Company to apply modified retrospective approach.

In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-10, “Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance,” which requires entities to disclose annually its transactions with a government accounted for by applying a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy. The disclosure requirement includes information about the nature of the transactions and the related accounting policy used to account for the transactions, the line items on the balance sheet and income statement that are affected by the transactions, and the amounts applicable to each financial statement line, and significant terms and conditions of the transactions, including commitments and contingencies. The guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021. Early application is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2021-10 on February 1, 2022 and elected to apply the amendments prospectively to all transactions within the scope of the amendment that are reflected in the financial statements at the date of adoption. The adoption did not have a material effect on the condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.