Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	9 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Other than policies noted below, there have been no significant changes to the significant accounting policies disclosed in Note 2 of the audited consolidated financial statements as of January 31, 2021 and 2020 and for the years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019. Common Stock Warrant Liabilities The Company assumed 10,470,562 publicly-traded warrants (“Public Warrants”) and 6,521,568 private placement warrants issued to NGP Switchback, LLC, the sponsor of Switchback (“Private Placement Warrants” and, together with the Public Warrants, the “Common Stock Warrants”) upon the Merger, all of which were issued in connection with Switchback’s initial public offering and subsequent overallotment (other than 1,000,000 Private Placement Warrants which were issued in connection with the closing of the Merger) and entitle the holder to purchase one share of the Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.0001 (“Common Stock”), at an exercise price of $11.50 per share. During the nine months ended October 31, 2021, 10,226,081 Public Warrants and 4,349,342 Private Placement Warrants were exercised and the remaining 244,481 Public Warrants outstanding as of July 6, 2021, were redeemed for cash. The Public Warrants, prior to their redemption, were publicly traded and were exercisable for cash unless certain conditions occurred, such as the redemption by the Company under certain conditions, at which time the warrants could be cashlessly exercised, or the Company’s failure to have an effective registration statement related to the shares issuable upon exercise. The Private Placement Warrants are not redeemable for cash so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees but may be redeemable for Common Stock if certain other conditions are met. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants are redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants. The Company evaluated the Common Stock Warrants and concluded that they do not meet the criteria to be classified within stockholders’ equity. The agreement governing the Common Stock Warrants includes a provision (“Replacement of Securities Upon Reorganization”), the application of which could result in a different settlement value for the Common Stock Warrants depending on their holder. Because the holder of an instrument is not an input into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed option on the Company’s ordinary shares, the Private Placement Warrants are not considered to be “indexed to the Company’s own stock.” In addition, the provision provides that in the event of a tender or exchange offer accepted by holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s ordinary shares, all holders of the Common Stock Warrants (both the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants) would be entitled to receive cash for all of their Common Stock Warrants. Specifically, in the event of a qualifying cash tender offer (which could be outside of the Company’s control), all Common Stock Warrant holders would be entitled to cash, while only certain of the holders of the Company’s ordinary shares may be entitled to cash. These provisions preclude the Company from classifying the Common Stock Warrants in stockholders’ equity. As the Common Stock Warrants meet the definition of a derivative, the Company recorded these warrants as liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value, with subsequent changes in their respective fair values recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss at each reporting date. Contingent Earnout Liability In connection with the Reverse Recapitalization and pursuant to the Merger Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of September 23, 2020, by and among the Company, Lightning Merger Sub Inc., and Switchback (“Merger Agreement”), eligible ChargePoint equity holders were entitled to receive as additional merger consideration shares of the Company’s Common Stock upon the Company achieving certain Earnout Triggering Events (as described in the Merger Agreement and Note 9). In accordance with ASC 815-40, the earnout shares were not indexed to the Common Stock and therefore were accounted for as a liability at the Reverse Recapitalization date and subsequently remeasured at each reporting date with changes in fair value recorded as a component of other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The estimated fair value of the contingent consideration was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation using a distribution of potential outcomes on a monthly basis over the Earnout Period (as defined in Note 9) prioritizing the most reliable information available. The assumptions utilized in the calculation were based on the achievement of certain stock price milestones, including the current Company Common Stock price, expected volatility, risk-free rate, expected term and dividend rate. Until its settlement, the contingent earnout liability was categorized as a Level 3 fair value measurement (see Fair Value of Financial Instruments accounting policy as described above) because the Company estimated projections during the Earnout Period utilizing unobservable inputs. Contingent earnout payments involve certain assumptions requiring significant judgment and actual results can differ from assumed and estimated amounts. Use of Estimates The preparation of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Actual results and outcomes could differ significantly from the Company’s estimates, judgments and assumptions. Significant estimates include determining standalone selling price for performance obligations in contracts with customers, the estimated expected benefit period for deferred contract acquisition costs, allowances for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves, the useful lives of long-lived assets, the determination of the incremental borrowing rate used for operating lease liabilities, the valuation of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants and Common Stock warrants, including Common Stock Warrants as a result of the Merger, contingent earnout liability, valuation of acquired goodwill and intangible assets, the value of Common Stock and other assumptions used to measure stock-based compensation, and the valuation of deferred income tax assets and uncertain tax positions. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Company adjusts such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Changes in those estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the financial statements in future periods. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could materially differ from those estimates and assumptions. Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents are held in domestic and foreign cash accounts with large, creditworthy financial institutions. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents through deposits with federally insured commercial banks. At times cash deposit balances may be in excess of federal insurance limits. Accounts receivable are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect. The Company generally does not require collateral or other security in support of accounts receivable. To reduce credit risk, management performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is considered to be limited due to the diversity of the Company’s customer base and geographic sales areas. As of October 31, 2021, and January 31, 2021, one customer individually accounted for 12% and 16% of accounts receivable, net, respectively. For the nine months ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, there were no customers that represented 10% or more of total revenue. The Company’s revenue is concentrated in the infrastructure needed for charging EVs, an industry which is highly competitive and rapidly changing. Significant technological changes within the industry or customer requirements, or the emergence of competitive products with new capabilities or technologies, could adversely affect the Company’s business, operating results and financial condition. Impact of COVID-19 In March 2020, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. The impact of COVID-19, including changes in consumer and business behavior, pandemic fears and market downturns, and restrictions on business and individual activities, has created significant volatility in the global economy and led to reduced economic activity. The spread of COVID-19 has disrupted ChargePoint’s supply chain and heightened its freight and logistic costs, and has similarly disrupted manufacturing, delivery and overall supply chain of vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, which has led to fluctuations in EV sales around the world. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, ChargePoint has modified its business practices (including reducing employee travel, recommending that all non-essential personnel work from home and cancelling or reducing physical participation in sales activities, meetings, events and conferences), implemented additional safety protocols for essential workers, and implemented temporary cost cutting measures in order to reduce its operating costs. The Company may take further actions as may be required by government authorities or that it determines are in the best interests of its employees, customers, suppliers, vendors and business partners. While the ultimate duration and extent of the COVID-19 pandemic depends on current and future developments that cannot be accurately predicted, such as the extent and effectiveness of containment actions and vaccinations, it has already had an adverse effect on the global economy, and the ultimate full societal and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic remains unknown. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic can also vary over time and across the geographies in which ChargePoint operates. For example, variations in work-from-home policies can cause fluctuations in ChargePoint’s revenues, and the Company believes that since people are not yet fully returning to work office locations, it has not yet seen the full return of commercial customer demand for its products. The conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as more permanent work-from-home policies, are likely to continue affecting the rate of global infrastructure spending, and thus to continue to adversely impact ChargePoint’s commercial business and its overall gross margins as the Company’s commercial business presently contributes higher margins than its residential and fleet businesses. Further, the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to heighten supply chain pricing and logistics expenses, further adversely impacting ChargePoint’s gross margins, and could adversely affect demand for ChargePoint’s platforms, lengthen its product development and sales cycles, reduce the value, renewal rate or duration of subscriptions, negatively impact collections of accounts receivable, reduce expected spending from new customers, cause some of its paying customers to go out of business and limit the ability of its direct sales force to travel to customers and potential customers, all of which could adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. Segment Reporting The Company operates as one operating segment because its Chief Executive Officer, as the Company’s chief operating decision maker, reviews its financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of making decisions regarding allocating resources and assessing performance. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Fair value is defined as an exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified into the following categories based on the inputs used to measure fair value: •(Level 1) — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date; •(Level 2) — Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and •(Level 3) — Inputs that are unobservable for the asset or liability. The Company classifies financial instruments in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy when there is reliance on at least one significant unobservable input to the valuation model. In addition to these unobservable inputs, the valuation models for Level 3 financial instruments typically also rely on a number of inputs that are readily observable, either directly or indirectly. The Company’s assessment of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability. The fair value hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available in determining fair value. The Company recognizes transfers between levels within the fair value hierarchy, if any, at the end of each period. There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented. The Company had no material non-financial assets valued on a non-recurring basis that resulted in an impairment in any period presented. The carrying values of the Company’s cash equivalents, accounts receivable, net, accounts payable, and accrued and other current liabilities approximate fair value based on the highly liquid, short-term nature of these instruments. Remaining Performance Obligations Remaining performance obligations represents the amount of contracted future revenue not yet recognized as the amounts relate to undelivered performance obligations, including both deferred revenue and non-cancellable contracted amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. The Company’s Assure, Cloud and CPaaS subscription terms typically range from one to five years and are paid up-front. Revenue expected to be recognized from remaining performance obligations was $132.8 million as of October 31, 2021, of which 47% is expected to be recognized over the next twelve months. Deferred Revenue Deferred revenue represents billings or payments received in advance of revenue recognition and is recognized in revenue upon transfer of control. Balances consist primarily of Cloud and Assure services not yet rendered as of the balance sheet date. Contract assets, which represent services provided or products transferred to customers in advance of the date the Company has a right to invoice, are netted against deferred revenue on a customer-by-customer basis. Current deferred revenue represents deferred revenue that will be recognized within twelve months, and non-current is deferred revenue that will be recognized beyond that twelve-month period. Total deferred revenue was $121.2 million and $89.8 million as of October 31, 2021 and January 31, 2021, respectively. The Company recognized $9.2 million and $7.5 million of revenue during the three months ended October 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020, and $31.8 million and $24.9 million of revenue during the nine months ended October 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period. Business Combinations The Company accounts for its acquisitions under ASC 805, Business Combinations. The Company allocates the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed and intangible assets acquired, based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain identifiable assets include, but are not limited to, expected long-term market growth, future expected cost of revenue and operating expenses, and appropriate discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. Acquisition costs, such as legal and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred. During the measurement period, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations. The acquired intangible assets and goodwill are subject to impairment review at least annually on December 31. See Note 3 for additional information regarding the Company’s acquisitions. Income Taxes The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to the future years in which deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or realized. Valuation allowances, if management deems them necessary, are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that more likely than not will be realized and primarily relate to the ability to utilize losses in various tax jurisdictions. ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be “more likely than not” to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. The Company has no material uncertain tax position liabilities for any of the reporting periods presented. Accounting Pronouncements The Company can adopt new or revised accounting guidance as an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”) either (1) within the same periods as those otherwise applicable to public business entities, or (2) within the same time periods as non-public business entities, including early adoption when permissible. With the exception of standards the Company elected to early adopt when permissible, the Company has elected to adopt new or revised accounting guidance within the same time period as non-public business entities, as indicated below. Based on the Company’s public float as of July 31, 2021, it will become a large accelerated filer, and lose emerging growth company status, as of January 31, 2022. As of January 31, 2022, the Company will be required to adopt new or revised accounting standards when they are applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies. Recently Issued Accounting Standards In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and has since released various amendments including ASU No. 2019-04. The guidance modifies the measurement of expected credit losses on certain financial instruments. The Company will become a large accelerated filer effective January 31, 2022, at which point the Company will follow the timeline for adoption of new accounting pronouncements for public companies. As a result, the Company will adopt ASU 2016-13 for the January 31, 2022 annual period, with a modified retrospective application to all outstanding instruments and a cumulative effect adjustment recorded to opening retained earnings as of February 1, 2021, and is currently assessing the impact the guidance will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which enhances and simplifies various aspects of the income tax accounting guidance, including requirements such as the elimination of exceptions related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences, ownership changes in investments, and tax basis step-up in goodwill obtained in a transaction that is not a business combination. The guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods therein. As a result, the Company will adopt ASU 2019-12 for the January 31, 2022 annual period and is currently assessing the impact the guidance will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements but does not expect a material impact. In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), which modifies and simplifies accounting for convertible instruments. The new guidance eliminates certain separation models that require separating embedded conversion features from convertible instruments. The guidance also addresses how convertible instruments are accounted for in the diluted earnings per share calculation. The guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020. As a result, the Company will adopt ASU 2020-06 for the January 31, 2022 annual period and is currently assessing the impact the guidance will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Adopted In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers” (“ASU 2021-08”), which requires entities to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted, including in an interim period for which the financial statements have not been issued. If early adopting in an interim period, the Company is required to apply the amendments to all prior business combinations that have occurred since the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period of application. As a result, the Company adopted ASU 2021-08 effective as of October 31, 2021, retroactively applying the new guidance for all business combinations that occurred since February 1, 2021. The adoption of ASU 2021-08 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

The Company assumed 10,470,562 publicly-traded warrants (“Public Warrants”) and 6,521,568 private placement warrants issued to NGP Switchback, LLC, the sponsor of Switchback (“Private Placement Warrants” and, together with the Public Warrants, the “Common Stock Warrants”) upon the Merger, all of which were issued in connection with Switchback’s initial public offering and subsequent overallotment (other than 1,000,000 Private Placement Warrants which were issued in connection with the closing of the Merger) and entitle the holder to purchase one share of the Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.0001 (“Common Stock”), at an exercise price of $11.50 per share. During the nine months ended October 31, 2021, 10,226,081 Public Warrants and 4,349,342 Private Placement Warrants were exercised and the remaining 244,481 Public Warrants outstanding as of July 6, 2021, were redeemed for cash. The Public Warrants, prior to their redemption, were publicly traded and were exercisable for cash unless certain conditions occurred, such as the redemption by the Company under certain conditions, at which time the warrants could be cashlessly exercised, or the Company’s failure to have an effective registration statement related to the shares issuable upon exercise. The Private Placement Warrants are not redeemable for cash so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees but may be redeemable for Common Stock if certain other conditions are met. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants are redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.

The Company evaluated the Common Stock Warrants and concluded that they do not meet the criteria to be classified within stockholders’ equity. The agreement governing the Common Stock Warrants includes a provision (“Replacement of Securities Upon Reorganization”), the application of which could result in a different settlement value for the Common Stock Warrants depending on their holder. Because the holder of an instrument is not an input into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed option on the Company’s ordinary shares, the Private Placement Warrants are not considered to be “indexed to the Company’s own stock.” In addition, the provision provides that in the event of a tender or exchange offer accepted by holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s ordinary shares, all holders of the Common Stock Warrants (both the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants) would be entitled to receive cash for all of their Common Stock Warrants. Specifically, in the event of a qualifying cash tender offer (which could be outside of the Company’s control), all Common Stock Warrant holders would be entitled to cash, while only certain of the holders of the Company’s ordinary shares may be entitled to cash. These provisions preclude the Company from classifying the Common Stock Warrants in stockholders’ equity. As the Common Stock Warrants meet the definition of a derivative, the Company recorded these warrants as liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value, with subsequent changes in their respective fair values recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss at each reporting date.

In connection with the Reverse Recapitalization and pursuant to the Merger Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of September 23, 2020, by and among the Company, Lightning Merger Sub Inc., and Switchback (“Merger Agreement”), eligible ChargePoint equity holders were entitled to receive as additional merger consideration shares of the Company’s Common Stock upon the Company achieving certain Earnout Triggering Events (as described in the Merger Agreement and Note 9). In accordance with ASC 815-40, the earnout shares were not indexed to the Common Stock and therefore were accounted for as a liability at the Reverse Recapitalization date and subsequently remeasured at each reporting date with changes in fair value recorded as a component of other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The estimated fair value of the contingent consideration was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation using a distribution of potential outcomes on a monthly basis over the Earnout Period (as defined in Note 9) prioritizing the most reliable information available. The assumptions utilized in the calculation were based on the achievement of certain stock price milestones, including the current Company Common Stock price, expected volatility, risk-free rate, expected term and dividend rate.

Until its settlement, the contingent earnout liability was categorized as a Level 3 fair value measurement (see Fair Value of Financial Instruments accounting policy as described above) because the Company estimated projections during the Earnout Period utilizing unobservable inputs. Contingent earnout payments involve certain assumptions requiring significant judgment and actual results can differ from assumed and estimated amounts.

The preparation of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Actual results and outcomes could differ significantly from the Company’s estimates, judgments and assumptions. Significant estimates include determining standalone selling price for performance obligations in contracts with customers, the estimated expected benefit period for deferred contract acquisition costs, allowances for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves, the useful lives of long-lived assets, the determination of the incremental borrowing rate used for operating lease liabilities, the valuation of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants and Common Stock warrants, including Common Stock Warrants as a result of the Merger, contingent earnout liability, valuation of acquired goodwill and intangible assets, the value of Common Stock and other assumptions used to measure stock-based compensation, and the valuation of deferred income tax assets and uncertain tax positions. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Company adjusts such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Changes in those estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the financial statements in future periods. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could materially differ from those estimates and assumptions.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents are held in domestic and foreign cash accounts with large, creditworthy financial institutions. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents through deposits with federally insured commercial banks. At times cash deposit balances may be in excess of federal insurance limits.

Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is considered to be limited due to the diversity of the Company’s customer base and geographic sales areas. As of October 31, 2021, and January 31, 2021, one customer individually accounted for 12% and 16% of accounts receivable, net, respectively. For the nine months ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, there were no customers that represented 10% or more of total revenue.

The Company’s revenue is concentrated in the infrastructure needed for charging EVs, an industry which is highly competitive and rapidly changing. Significant technological changes within the industry or customer requirements, or the emergence of competitive products with new capabilities or technologies, could adversely affect the Company’s business, operating results and financial condition.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. The impact of COVID-19, including changes in consumer and business behavior, pandemic fears and market downturns, and restrictions on business and individual activities, has created significant volatility in the global economy and led to reduced economic activity. The spread of COVID-19 has disrupted ChargePoint’s supply chain and heightened its freight and logistic costs, and has similarly disrupted manufacturing, delivery and overall supply chain of vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, which has led to fluctuations in EV sales around the world.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, ChargePoint has modified its business practices (including reducing employee travel, recommending that all non-essential personnel work from home and cancelling or reducing physical participation in sales activities, meetings, events and conferences), implemented additional safety protocols for essential workers, and implemented temporary cost cutting measures in order to reduce its operating costs. The Company may take further actions as may be required by government authorities or that it determines are in the best interests of its employees, customers, suppliers, vendors and business partners.

While the ultimate duration and extent of the COVID-19 pandemic depends on current and future developments that cannot be accurately predicted, such as the extent and effectiveness of containment actions and vaccinations, it has already had an adverse effect on the global economy, and the ultimate full societal and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic remains unknown. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic can also vary over time and across the geographies in which ChargePoint operates. For example, variations in work-from-home policies can cause fluctuations in ChargePoint’s revenues, and the Company believes that since people are not yet fully returning to work office locations, it has not yet seen the full return of commercial customer demand for its products. The conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as more permanent work-from-home policies, are likely to continue affecting the rate of global infrastructure spending, and thus to continue to adversely impact ChargePoint’s commercial business and its overall gross margins as the Company’s commercial business presently contributes higher margins than its residential and fleet businesses. Further, the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to heighten supply chain pricing and logistics expenses, further adversely impacting ChargePoint’s gross margins, and could adversely affect demand for ChargePoint’s platforms, lengthen its product development and sales cycles, reduce the value, renewal rate or duration of subscriptions, negatively impact collections of accounts receivable, reduce expected spending from new customers, cause some of its paying customers to go out of business and limit the ability of its direct sales force to travel to customers and potential customers, all of which could adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

The Company classifies financial instruments in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy when there is reliance on at least one significant unobservable input to the valuation model. In addition to these unobservable inputs, the valuation models for Level 3 financial instruments typically also rely on a number of inputs that are readily observable, either directly or indirectly. The Company’s assessment of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability. The fair value hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available in determining fair value. The Company recognizes transfers between levels within the fair value hierarchy, if any, at the end of each period. There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented. The Company had no material non-financial assets valued on a non-recurring basis that resulted in an impairment in any period presented.

Remaining performance obligations represents the amount of contracted future revenue not yet recognized as the amounts relate to undelivered performance obligations, including both deferred revenue and non-cancellable contracted amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. The Company’s Assure, Cloud and CPaaS subscription terms typically range from one to five years and are paid up-front. Revenue expected to be recognized from remaining performance obligations was $132.8 million as of October 31, 2021, of which 47% is expected to be recognized over the next twelve months.

Deferred revenue represents billings or payments received in advance of revenue recognition and is recognized in revenue upon transfer of control. Balances consist primarily of Cloud and Assure services not yet rendered as of the balance sheet date. Contract assets, which represent services provided or products transferred to customers in advance of the date the Company has a right to invoice, are netted against deferred revenue on a customer-by-customer basis. Current deferred revenue represents deferred revenue that will be recognized within twelve months, and non-current is deferred revenue that will be recognized beyond that twelve-month period. Total deferred revenue was $121.2 million and $89.8 million as of October 31, 2021 and January 31, 2021, respectively. The Company recognized $9.2 million and $7.5 million of revenue during the three months ended October 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020, and $31.8 million and $24.9 million of revenue during the nine months ended October 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period.

The Company accounts for its acquisitions under ASC 805, Business Combinations. The Company allocates the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed and intangible assets acquired, based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain identifiable assets include, but are not limited to, expected long-term market growth, future expected cost of revenue and operating expenses, and appropriate discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. Acquisition costs, such as legal and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred. During the measurement period, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations. The acquired intangible assets and goodwill are subject to impairment review at least annually on December 31. See Note 3 for additional information regarding the Company’s acquisitions.

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to the future years in which deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or realized. Valuation allowances, if management deems them necessary, are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that more likely than not will be realized and primarily relate to the ability to utilize losses in various tax jurisdictions.

ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be “more likely than not” to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. The Company has no material uncertain tax position liabilities for any of the reporting periods presented.

The Company can adopt new or revised accounting guidance as an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”) either (1) within the same periods as those otherwise applicable to public business entities, or (2) within the same time periods as non-public business entities, including early adoption when permissible. With the exception of standards the Company elected to early adopt when permissible, the Company has elected to adopt new or revised accounting guidance within the same time period as non-public business entities, as indicated below. Based on the Company’s public float as of July 31, 2021, it will become a large accelerated filer, and lose emerging growth company status, as of January 31, 2022. As of January 31, 2022, the Company will be required to adopt new or revised accounting standards when they are applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and has since released various amendments including ASU No. 2019-04. The guidance modifies the measurement of expected credit losses on certain financial instruments. The Company will become a large accelerated filer effective January 31, 2022, at which point the Company will follow the timeline for adoption of new accounting pronouncements for public companies. As a result, the Company will adopt ASU 2016-13 for the January 31, 2022 annual period, with a modified retrospective application to all outstanding instruments and a cumulative effect adjustment recorded to opening retained earnings as of February 1, 2021, and is currently assessing the impact the guidance will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which enhances and simplifies various aspects of the income tax accounting guidance, including requirements such as the elimination of exceptions related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences, ownership changes in investments, and tax basis step-up in goodwill obtained in a transaction that is not a business combination. The guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods therein. As a result, the Company will adopt ASU 2019-12 for the January 31, 2022 annual period and is currently assessing the impact the guidance will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements but does not expect a material impact.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), which modifies and simplifies accounting for convertible instruments. The new guidance eliminates certain separation models that require separating embedded conversion features from convertible instruments. The guidance also addresses how convertible instruments are accounted for in the diluted earnings per share calculation. The guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020. As a result, the Company will adopt ASU 2020-06 for the January 31, 2022 annual period and is currently assessing the impact the guidance will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers” (“ASU 2021-08”), which requires entities to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted, including in an interim period for which the financial statements have not been issued. If early adopting in an interim period, the Company is required to apply the amendments to all prior business combinations that have occurred since the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period of application. As a result, the Company adopted ASU 2021-08 effective as of October 31, 2021, retroactively applying the new guidance for all business combinations that occurred since February 1, 2021. The adoption of ASU 2021-08 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.