UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

⌧ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2020

OR

◻ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______ to _______

PIONEER BANCORP, INC.

(Exact Name of Company as Specified in its Charter)

Maryland	001-38991	83-4274253
(State of Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation)	(Commission File No.)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

652 Albany Shaker Road, Albany, New York 12211

(Address of Principal Executive Office) (Zip Code)

(518) 730-3025

(Issuer’s Telephone Number including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01	PBFS	The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

YES ⌧         NO   ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this Chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

YES ⌧        NO   ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	◻	Accelerated filer	◻
Non-accelerated filer	⌧	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.      ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ◻      NO   ⌧

As of February 19, 2021, there were 25,977,679 shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock.

PIONEER BANCORP, INC.

INDEX

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION	3
Item 1 – Consolidated Financial Statements-unaudited	3
Consolidated Statements of Condition	3
Consolidated Statements of Operations	4
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	5
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity	6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	8
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	40
Item 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	63
Item 4 – Controls and Procedures	63
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION	64
Item 1 – Legal Proceedings	64
Item 1A – Risk Factors	68
Item 2 – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	70
Item 3 – Defaults Upon Senior Securities	70
Item 4 – Mine Safety Disclosures	70
Item 5 – Other Information	70
Item 6 – Exhibits	71

2

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 – Consolidated Financial Statements

PIONEER BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION (unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	December 31,		June 30,
	2020		2020
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	34,477	$	21,188
Federal funds sold		2,190		1,382
Interest-earning deposits with banks		159,338		134,333
Cash and cash equivalents		196,005		156,903
Securities available for sale, at fair value		130,440		75,768
Securities held to maturity (fair value of $11,631 at December 31, 2020; and $6,917 at June 30, 2020)		11,575		6,822
Equity securities, at fair value		2,472		8,533
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock		1,010		1,010
Net loans receivable		1,111,477		1,148,399
Accrued interest receivable		4,152		3,467
Premises and equipment, net		39,739		40,863
Bank-owned life insurance		17,237		17,240
Goodwill		7,292		7,292
Other intangible assets, net		2,000		2,159
Other assets		50,752		57,956
Total assets	$	1,574,151	$	1,526,412
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing deposits	$	465,138	$	437,536
Interest bearing deposits		857,613		832,614
Total deposits		1,322,751		1,270,150
Mortgagors’ escrow deposits		4,819		6,044
Other liabilities		19,173		26,252
Total liabilities		1,346,743		1,302,446
Shareholders' Equity
Preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020)		—		—
Common stock ($0.01 par value, 75,000,000 shares authorized, 25,977,679 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020)		260		260
Additional paid in capital		113,861		113,963
Retained earnings		143,023		139,734
Unallocated common stock of Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP")		(12,280)		(12,621)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(17,456)		(17,370)
Total shareholders' equity		227,408		223,966
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	1,574,151	$	1,526,412

PIONEER BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	For the Three Months Ended				For the Six Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
							(As Restated)
Interest and dividend income:
Loans	$	10,896	$	12,691	$	21,560	$	25,841
Securities		279		574		610		1,196
Interest-earning deposits with banks and other		63		565		134		1,378
Total interest and dividend income		11,238		13,830		22,304		28,415
Interest expense:
Deposits		541		1,255		1,227		2,549
Borrowings and other		18		22		47		55
Total interest expense		559		1,277		1,274		2,604
Net interest income		10,679		12,553		21,030		25,811
Provision for loan losses		1,550		1,520		2,300		2,090
Net interest income after provision for loan losses		9,129		11,033		18,730		23,721
Noninterest income:
Bank fees and service charges		1,728		2,382		3,263		5,013
Insurance and wealth management services		1,878		2,071		3,232		3,425
Net gain on equity securities		831		364		1,415		282
Net gain on securities transactions		—		51		—		51
Bank-owned life insurance		(7)		503		(4)		527
Other		293		142		344		77
Total noninterest income		4,723		5,513		8,250		9,375
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits		6,422		6,576		12,882		12,551
Net occupancy and equipment		1,563		1,615		3,169		3,038
Data processing		895		772		1,769		1,544
Advertising and marketing		199		185		325		389
FDIC insurance premiums		224		(125)		481		(128)
Contribution to Pioneer Bank Charitable Foundation		—		—		—		5,446
Fraudulent activity		—		—		—		2,500
Professional fees		928		1,403		1,944		1,898
Other		1,172		1,285		2,264		2,598
Total noninterest expense		11,403		11,711		22,834		29,836
Income before income taxes		2,449		4,835		4,146		3,260
Income tax expense		554		985		857		387
Net income	$	1,895	$	3,850	$	3,289	$	2,873
Net earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.08	$	0.15	$	0.13	$	0.12
Diluted	$	0.08	$	0.15	$	0.13	$	0.12
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic and diluted		25,054,821		24,997,541		25,048,457		24,984,812

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4

PIONEER BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)

(in thousands)

	For the Three Months Ended				For the Six Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
							(As Restated)
Net income	$	1,895	$	3,850	$	3,289	$	2,873
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Unrealized gains/losses on securities:
Unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during the period		(19)		64		(116)		389
Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income		—		(51)		—		(51)
		(19)		13		(116)		338
Tax (benefit) expense		(5)		4		(30)		88
		(14)		9		(86)		250
Defined benefit plan:
Change in funded status of defined benefit plans		—		—		—		—
Reclassification adjustment for amortization of net actuarial loss		—		—		—		—
		—		—		—		—
Tax effect		—		—		—		—
		—		—		—		—
Total other comprehensive (loss) income		(14)		9		(86)		250
Comprehensive income	$	1,881	$	3,859	$	3,203	$	3,123

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

5

PIONEER BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

					Additional				Unallocated		Accumulated Other		Total
	Common Stock				Paid-in		Retained		Common		Comprehensive		Shareholders'
	Shares		Amount		Capital		Earnings		Stock of ESOP		Loss		Equity
Balance as of July 1, 2019 (as restated)		—	$	—	$	—	$	134,361	$	—	$	(11,103)	$	123,258
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle - revenue recognition (1)		—		—		—		291		—		—		291
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle - equity securities (2)		—		—		—		(116)		—		116		—
Net loss		—		—		—		(977)		—		—		(977)
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—		—		241		241
Issuance of common stock to the mutual holding company		14,287,723		143		—		—		—		—		143
Issuance of common stock for the initial public offering, net of offering costs		11,170,402		112		108,800		—		—		—		108,912
Issuance of common stock to the Pioneer Bank Charitable Foundation		519,554		5		5,191		—		—		—		5,196
Purchase of common stock by the ESOP (1,018,325 shares)		—		—				—		(13,644)		—		(13,644)
ESOP shares committed to be released (25,458 shares)		—		—		16		—		341		—		357
Balance as of September 30, 2019		25,977,679	$	260	$	114,007	$	133,559	$	(13,303)	$	(10,746)	$	223,777
Net income		—		—		—		3,850		—		—		3,850
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—		—		9		9
ESOP shares committed to be released (25,458 shares)		—		—		5		—		341		—		346
Balance as of December 31, 2019		25,977,679	$	260	$	114,012	$	137,409	$	(12,962)	$	(10,737)	$	227,982

(1) Adoption of Accounting Standard Update 2014-09.

(2) Adoption of Accounting Standard Update 2016-01.

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

6

PIONEER BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

					Additional				Unallocated		Accumulated Other		Total
	Common Stock				Paid-in		Retained		Common		Comprehensive		Shareholders'
	Shares		Amount		Capital		Earnings		Stock of ESOP		Loss		Equity
Balance as of July 1, 2020		25,977,679	$	260	$	113,963	$	139,734	$	(12,621)	$	(17,370)	$	223,966
Net income		—		—		—		1,394		—		—		1,394
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		—		(72)		(72)
ESOP shares committed to be released (12,729 shares)		—		—		(60)		—		171		—		111
Balance as of September 30, 2020		25,977,679	$	260	$	113,903	$	141,128	$	(12,450)	$	(17,442)	$	225,399
Net income		—		—		—		1,895		—		—		1,895
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		—		(14)		(14)
ESOP shares committed to be released (12,729 shares)		—		—		(42)		—		170		—		128
Balance as of December 31, 2020		25,977,679	$	260	$	113,861	$	143,023	$	(12,280)	$	(17,456)	$	227,408

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

7

PIONEER BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)

(in thousands)

	For the Six Months Ended
	December 31,
	2020		2019
			(As Restated)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	3,289	$	2,873
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		1,434		1,452
Provision for loan losses		2,300		2,090
Net amortization (accretion) on securities		267		(229)
ESOP compensation		239		703
Loss (earnings) on bank-owned life insurance		4		(527)
Net gain on sale of loans		(27)		—
Proceeds from sale of loans		317		—
Net (gain) loss on the sale, disposal or write-down of premises and equipment, and other real estate owned		(16)		21
Net gain on equity securities		(1,415)		(282)
Net gain on available for sale securities transactions		—		(51)
Deferred tax benefit		(101)		(612)
(Increase) decrease in accrued interest receivable		(685)		122
Stock contribution to Pioneer Bank Charitable Foundation		—		5,196
Decrease (increase) in other assets		7,236		(886)
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities		(7,078)		1,108
Net cash from operating activities		5,764		10,978
Cash flows used in investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities, paydowns and calls of securities available for sale		32,091		37,256
Purchases of securities available for sale		(87,146)		(32,887)
Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of securities held to maturity		3,330		3,208
Purchases of securities held to maturity		(8,083)		(3,496)
Proceeds from sale of equity securities		7,474		—
Net purchases of FHLBNY stock		—		(450)
Net decrease (increase) in loans receivable		34,332		(43,106)
Purchases of premises and equipment		(151)		(1,100)
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment, and other real estate owned		115		138
Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance death benefit		—		1,142
Net cash used in investing activities		(18,038)		(39,295)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase (decrease) in deposits		52,601		(191,457)
Net decrease in mortgagors’ escrow deposits		(1,225)		(861)
Net increase in borrowings from FHLBNY		—		10,000
Issuance of common stock		—		109,055
Purchase of shares by the ESOP		—		(13,644)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		51,376		(86,907)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		39,102		(115,224)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		156,903		230,109
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	196,005	$	114,885
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	1,285	$	2,587
Income taxes	$	500	$	1,800
Non-cash investing and financing activity:
Loans transferred to other real estate owned	$	—	$	99

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

8

PIONEER BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

1.NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Nature of Operations

Pioneer Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) is a mid-tier stock holding company whose wholly owned subsidiary is Pioneer Bank (the “Bank”). The Bank is a New York State chartered savings bank whose wholly owned subsidiaries are Pioneer Commercial Bank, Anchor Agency, Inc. and Pioneer Financial Services, Inc.

The Company provides diversified financial services through the Bank and its subsidiaries, with 22 offices in the Capital Region of New York State. The Company, through its subsidiaries, offers a broad array of deposit, lending, and other financial services to individuals, businesses, and municipalities.  

The interim financial data as of December 31, 2020 and for the three and six months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, is unaudited and reflects all normal recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented in conformance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The results of operations for the three and six months ended December 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be achieved for the remainder of fiscal 2021 or any other period.

These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, for the year ended June 30, 2020.

Mutual Holding Company Reorganization and Minority Stock Issuance

On July 17, 2019, Pioneer Bancorp, Inc. became the holding company of the Bank when it closed its stock offering in connection with the completion of the reorganization of the Bank into the two-tier mutual holding company form of organization. The Company sold 11,170,402 shares of common stock at a price of $10.00 per share, for net proceeds of $109.1 million, issued 14,287,723 shares to Pioneer Bancorp, MHC and contributed 519,554 shares of common stock and $250,000 in cash to the Pioneer Bank Charitable Foundation. The Company established an ESOP which owns 1,018,325 shares of common stock of the Company. Pioneer Bancorp, MHC now owns 55% of the common stock of the Company.

9

2.RESTATEMENT OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Restatement results from a technical accounting correction to reflect the Mann Entities-related $15.8 million Loan Balances Impairment as a recognized (Type I) subsequent event in the quarter and fiscal year ended June 30, 2019, rather than as a disclosure only nonrecognized (Type II) subsequent event recognized in the quarter ended September 30, 2019, notwithstanding that the Company and the Bank did not start to become aware of the events causing the Impairment until the quarter ended September 30, 2019 (capitalized terms defined below).

On February 12, 2021, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, after consultation with management, determined that certain financial statements previously issued by the Company should be restated and no longer relied upon (the “Restatement”). The following financial statements of the Company are impacted by the Restatement: (a) the audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2020, as reported in the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K for those years, and (b) the unaudited consolidated financial statements for the periods ended September 30, 2019, December 31, 2019, March 31, 2020, and September 30, 2020, as reported in the Company’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.

As previously disclosed, after the Company’s fiscal year ended June 30, 2019, but prior to December 10, 2019, the date the financial statements for that year were issued, the Company became aware of fraudulent activity associated with transactions by an established business customer of the Bank.  The customer, Michael Mann, and various affiliated entities (collectively, the “Mann Entities”) had numerous general deposit corporate operating accounts and loans with the Bank.

As reflected in its Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 11, 2019, the Company’s potential exposure with respect to the Mann Entities’ lending activity was approximately $15.8 million (the “Loan Balances”).  Subsequently, the Company learned that Mr. Mann had perpetrated a concealed fraud on the Bank and many other parties.  In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company concluded that due to the impact of the potential fraudulent activity, the Loan Balances were impaired and, as a result, recorded a provision for loan losses in the amount of $15.8 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 related to the charge-off of the entire Loan Balances (the “Impairment”).

In July 2020, the Company received a comment letter from the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) Division of Corporation Finance (the “Staff”) related to, among other matters, the classification of the Loan Balances Impairment as a disclosure only nonrecognized (Type II) subsequent event in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2019 (the “2019 Form 10-K”).  The Company and the Staff engaged in several discussions regarding the Staff’s position, based on technical accounting precepts, that the Loan Balances should be deemed impaired as of June 30, 2019, and the Loan Balances Impairment should have been recognized by the Company in the quarter and fiscal year ended June 30, 2019 as a Type I subsequent event and not as a disclosure only nonrecognized (Type II) subsequent event.  In its communications with the Staff, the Company described that its original determination that the Loan Balances Impairment was a Type II subsequent event in the Company’s 2019 Form 10-K recognized in the quarter ended September 30, 2019, was based on the unique circumstances of the event.

As a result of the Staff’s position, the Restatement reflects the Loan Balances Impairment in the quarter and fiscal year ended June 30, 2019 (as a recognized (Type I) subsequent event), rather than as a disclosure only nonrecognized (Type II) subsequent event recognized in the quarter ended September 30, 2019.  This technical accounting correction is not a result of any new facts coming to light after the filing of the 2019 Form 10-K.

10

The table below shows the effects of the Restatement on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations, consolidated statement of comprehensive loss and consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands, except for per share data).

	For the Six Months Ended December 31, 2019
	As Previously		Restatement
	Reported		Adjustments		As Restated
Consolidated Statement of Operations
Net interest income	$	25,811	$	—	$	25,811
Provision for loan losses		17,890		(15,800)		2,090
Net interest income after provision for loan losses		7,921		15,800		23,721
Total noninterest income		9,375		—		9,375
Total noninterest expense		29,836		—		29,836
Income (loss) before income taxes		(12,540)		15,800		3,260
Income tax expense (benefit)		(3,706)		4,093		387
Net income (loss)		(8,834)		11,707		2,873
Earnings (loss) per common share:
Basic	$	(0.35)	$	0.47	$	0.12
Diluted	$	(0.35)	$	0.47	$	0.12
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Net income (loss)	$	(8,834)	$	11,707	$	2,873
Comprehensive income (loss)		(8,584)		11,707		3,123
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows:
Net income (loss)	$	(8,834)	$	11,707	$	2,873
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses		17,890		(15,800)		2,090
Increase in other assets		(4,979)		4,093		(886)

3.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, the Bank, and the Bank’s wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ substantially from those estimates. The allowance for loan losses, valuation of securities and other financial instruments, the funded status and expense of employee benefit plans, legal proceeding and other contingent liabilities, and the realizability of deferred tax assets are particularly subject to change.

Reclassifications

Amounts in the prior period’s consolidated financial statements are reclassified whenever necessary to conform to the current period’s presentation.

11

Correction of an Immaterial Error

During the fourth fiscal quarter of 2020, the Company recorded an out-of-period adjustment that effected the Consolidated Statements of Condition, Consolidated Statements of Operations and Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.  The adjustment related to an error in the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities, for three legacy preferred stock holdings in the Company’s investment securities portfolio. 

The impact of this adjustment resulted in a decrease in net loss on equity securities of $16,000 during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2020, a decrease in income tax benefit of $4,000, and a decrease in unrealized holding gains, net of tax, arising during the period of $12,000.  The Company also recorded a decrease in retained earnings of $702,000, a reduction in accumulated other comprehensive loss of $702,000, a decrease in securities available for sale of $5.1 million and an increase in equity securities of $5.1 million as of June 30, 2020.  The Company reviewed and determined that the impact of this error was not material to the previously issued interim consolidated financial statements. 

Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02 to its guidance on “Leases (Topic 842)”. The new leases standard applies a right-of-use (ROU) model that requires a lessee to record, for all leases with a lease term of more than 12 months, an asset representing its right to use the underlying asset and a liability to make lease payments. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a practical expedient is available whereby a lessee may elect, by class of underlying asset, not to recognize an ROU asset or lease liability. The new leases standard requires a lessor to classify leases as either sales-type, direct financing or operating, similar to existing GAAP. Classification depends on the same five criteria used by lessees plus certain additional factors. The subsequent accounting treatment for all three lease types is substantially equivalent to existing GAAP for sales-type leases, direct financing leases, and operating leases. However, the new standard updates certain aspects of the lessor accounting model to align it with the new lessee accounting model, as well as with the new revenue standard under Topic 606. Lessees and lessors are required to provide certain qualitative and quantitative disclosures to enable users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The amendments in ASU 2016-02 are effective for the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this ASU will result in a gross up of the Consolidated Statements of Condition for right-of-use assets and associated lease liabilities for operating leases in which the Company is the lessee. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842 - Leases to address certain narrow aspects of the guidance issued in ASU No. 2016-02. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, which amends FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC), Leases (Topic 842), to (1) add an optional transition method that would permit entities to apply the new requirements by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the year of adoption, and (2) provide a practical expedient for lessors regarding the separation of the lease and non-lease components of a contract. In December 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-20, Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors, which addresses issues related to (1) sales tax and similar taxes collected from lessees, (2) certain lessor costs, and (3) recognition of variable payments for contracts with lease and non-lease components. In June 2020, the FASB issued No. ASU 2020-05, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) in response to the pandemic which has adversely affected the global economy and caused significant and widespread business and capital market disruptions. The FASB is committed to supporting and assisting stakeholders during this difficult time. The FASB issued ASU 2020-05 as a limited deferral of the effective dates of certain ASUs, including ASU 2016-02 (including amendments issued after the issuance of the original) to provide immediate, near-term relief for certain entities for whom these ASUs are either currently effective or imminently effective. The Company plans to defer the adoption of the amendments in ASU 2016-02 to the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2022. The Company is evaluating the significance and other effects of adoption on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company is performing its accounting analysis of its branch building and other leases underlying contracts. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact on adoption of this ASU on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 to its guidance on “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”. ASU 2016-13 requires credit losses on most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments to be measured using an expected credit loss model (referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) model). Under this model, entities will estimate credit losses over

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the entire contractual term of the instrument (considering estimated prepayments, but not expected extensions or modifications unless reasonable expectation of a troubled debt restructuring exists) from the date of initial recognition of that instrument. The ASU also replaces the current accounting model for purchased credit impaired loans and debt securities. The allowance for credit losses for purchased financial assets with a more-than insignificant amount of credit deterioration since origination (“PCD assets”), should be determined in a similar manner to other financial assets measured on an amortized cost basis. However, upon initial recognition, the allowance for credit losses is added to the purchase price (“gross up approach”) to determine the initial amortized cost basis. The subsequent accounting for PCD financial assets is the same expected loss model described above. Further, the ASU made certain targeted amendments to the existing impairment model for available-for-sale (AFS) debt securities.  For an AFS debt security for which there is neither the intent nor a more-likely-than-not requirement to sell, an entity will record credit losses as an allowance rather than a write-down of the amortized cost basis. The amendments in this ASU are effective for the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2023. An entity will apply the amendments in this ASU through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective (that is, a modified-retrospective approach). In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, which aligns the implementation date for nonpublic entities’ annual financial statements with the implementation date for their interim financial statements and clarifies the scope of the guidance in the amendments in ASU 2016-13. In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments.  ASU 2019-04 clarifies or addresses stakeholders’ specific issues about certain aspects of the amendments in Update 2016-13 related to measuring the allowance for loan losses under the new guidance. The effective dates and transition requirements for the amendments related to this Update are the same as the effective dates and transition requirements in Update 2016-13. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-11, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments Credit Losses clarifying certain amendments to various provisions of ASU No. 2016-13 relating to (1) purchased financial assets with credit deterioration, (2) financial assets secured by collateral maintenance agreements, (3) transition relief for troubled debt restructurings, and (4) disclosure relief when the practical expedient for accrued interest receivables is applied. The initial adjustment will not be reported in earnings and therefore will not have any material impact on our consolidated results of operations, but it is expected that it will have an impact on our consolidated financial position at the date of adoption of this ASU. At this time, we have not calculated the estimated impact that this ASU will have on our allowance for loan losses, however, we anticipate it will have a significant impact on the methodology process we utilize to calculate the allowance. Alternative methodologies are currently being considered. Data requirements and integrity are being reviewed and enhancements incorporated into standard processes. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact on adoption of this ASU on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB has issued ASU  2018-14, “Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans”, that applies to all employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The amendments modify the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. Disclosure requirements, including but not limited to, the following were removed from Subtopic 715-20:  the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year;  the amount and timing of plan assets expected to be returned to the employer and  for public entities, the effects of a one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates on the (a) aggregate of the service and interest cost components of net periodic benefit costs and (b) benefit obligation for postretirement health care benefits. The following disclosure requirements were added to Subtopic 715-20: (1) the weighted-average interest crediting rates for cash balance plans and other plans with promised interest crediting rates; and (2) an explanation of the reasons for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation for the period. The amendments also clarify the disclosure requirements in paragraph 715-20-50-3, which state that the following information for defined benefit pension plans should be disclosed: (1) the projected benefit obligation (PBO) and fair value of plan assets for plans with PBOs in excess of plan assets; and (2) the accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) and fair value of plan assets for plans with ABOs in excess of plan assets. The amendments in this ASU are effective for the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2021. Early adoption is permitted for all entities. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes Topic 740.  This update simplifies and improves accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions to the general rules and clarifying or amending other current guidance. The scope of FASB ASC Subtopic 740-10, Income Taxes -Overall, has been amended to require

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that, if a franchise (or similar tax) is partially based on income, (1) deferred tax assets and liabilities should be recognized and accounted for pursuant to FASB ASC 740, as should the amount of current tax expense that is based on income, and (2) any incremental amount incurred should be recorded as a non-income-based tax. Note that under the amended guidance, the effect of potentially paying a non-income-based tax in future years need not be considered in evaluating the realizability of deferred tax assets. The amendments in this ASU are effective for the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2022. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If early adoption is elected, all of the amended guidance must be adopted in the same period. If early adoption is initially applied in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the annual period that includes that interim period. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact on adoption of this ASU on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848).  The amendments in this update provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments in this update apply only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The amendments (1) apply to contract modifications that replace a reference rate affected by reference rate reform, (2) provide exceptions to existing guidance related to changes to the critical terms of a hedging relationship due to reference rate reform (3) provide optional expedients for fair value hedging relationships, cash flow hedging relationships, and net investment hedging relationships, and (4) provide a onetime election to sell, transfer, or both sell and transfer debt securities classified as held to maturity that reference a rate affected by reference rate reform and that are classified as held to maturity before January 1, 2020. The amendments in this ASU are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The amendments for contract modifications can be elected to be applied as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, or prospectively from a date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020. The amendments for existing hedging relationships can be elected to be applied as of the beginning of the interim period that includes March 12, 2020 and to new eligible hedging relationships entered into after the beginning of the interim period that includes March 12, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact on adoption of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.

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4.COVID-19 PANDEMIC

In early January 2020, the World Health Organization issued an alert that a novel coronavirus outbreak was emanating from the Wuhan Province in China. Later in January, the first death related to the novel coronavirus, identified as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”), occurred in the United States. Over the course of the next several weeks, the outbreak continued to spread to various regions of the World prompting the World Health Organization to declare COVID-19 a global pandemic in March 2020.  In the United States, the rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus invoked various Federal and State, including New York State, authorities to make emergency declarations and issue executive orders to limit the spread of the disease. Measures included restrictions on international and domestic travel, restrictions on business operations, limitations on public gatherings, implementation of social distancing protocols, school closings, orders to shelter in place and mandates to close all non-essential businesses to the public. As of December 31, 2020, some of these restrictions have been removed and many non-essential businesses have been allowed to re-open in a limited capacity, adhering to social distancing and disinfection guidelines. However, these restrictions and other consequences of the pandemic have resulted in significant adverse effects for the Company and its customers. The direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in dramatic reductions in the level of economic activity in the Company’s market area, as well as in the national and global economies and financial markets, and have severely hampered the ability for certain businesses and consumers to meet their current repayment obligations.

In response to the pandemic, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), in addition to providing financial assistance to both businesses and consumers, creates a forbearance program for federally-backed mortgage loans, protects borrowers from negative credit reporting due to loan accommodations related to the national emergency, and provides financial institutions the option to temporarily suspend certain requirements under GAAP related to troubled debt restructurings for a limited period of time to account for the effects of COVID-19. The Federal and New York State banking regulatory agencies have likewise issued guidance encouraging financial institutions to work prudently with borrowers who are, or may be, unable to meet their contractual payment obligations because of the effects of COVID-19. That guidance, with concurrence of the FASB, and provisions of the CARES Act allow modifications made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were generally current with their payments prior to any relief, to not be treated as troubled debt restructurings. Modifications may include payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment term, or other delays in payment. The Company has worked with its customers affected by COVID-19 and accommodated a significant amount of modifications across its loan portfolios. To the extent that such modifications meet the criteria previously described, such modifications are not classified as troubled debt restructurings. Recent legislation extended the time period for which such modifications will not be considered troubled debt restructurings to the earlier of (i) January 1, 2022 or (ii) 60 days after the end of the COVID-19 national emergency.

The extent to which the direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic impact the Company’s operational and financial performance will depend on numerous evolving factors including but not limited to, the magnitude and duration of COVID-19, the extent to which it will impact local, national and global economic conditions including interest rates, unemployment rates, the speed of the anticipated recovery, and governmental and business reactions to the pandemic, all of which are uncertain and cannot be predicted. At this point, the extent to which COVID-19, as well as, the resulting adverse effects on our customers and community, may impact the Company’s future financial condition or results of operations is uncertain and not currently estimable, however the impact could be material.

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5.INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities are as follows (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2020
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Government and agency obligations	$	107,246	$	69	$	—	$	107,315
Municipal obligations		22,295		10		—		22,305
Other debt securities		500		365		(45)		820
Total available for sale securities	$	130,041	$	444	$	(45)	$	130,440
Securities held to maturity:
Municipal obligations	$	4,575	$	77	$	—	$	4,652
Corporate debt securities		7,000		—		(21)		6,979
Total held to maturity securities	$	11,575	$	77	$	(21)	$	11,631
Equity securities:
Common stock	$	1,463	$	1,077	$	(68)	$	2,472
Total equity securities	$	1,463	$	1,077	$	(68)	$	2,472

	June 30, 2020
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Government and agency obligations	$	61,299	$	215	$	(3)	$	61,511
Municipal obligations		13,381		6		(2)		13,385
Other debt securities		573		347		(48)		872
Total available for sale securities	$	75,253	$	568	$	(53)	$	75,768
Securities held to maturity:
Municipal obligations	$	4,822	$	95	$	—	$	4,917
Corporate debt securities		2,000		—		—		2,000
Total held to maturity securities	$	6,822	$	95	$	—	$	6,917
Equity securities:
Preferred stock	$	6,007	$	29	$	(980)	$	5,056
Common stock		2,807		1,204		(534)		3,477
Total equity securities	$	8,814	$	1,233	$	(1,514)	$	8,533

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The estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by security category and length of time such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, is summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2020
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Estimated		Unrealized		Estimated		Unrealized		Estimated		Unrealized
	Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value		Losses
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Government and agency obligations (1)	$	10,195	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	10,195	$	—
Other debt securities		50		(1)		170		(44)		220		(45)
	$	10,245	$	(1)	$	170	$	(44)	$	10,415	$	(45)
Securities held to maturity:
Corporate debt securities	$	6,979	$	(21)	$	—	$	—	$	6,979	$	(21)
	$	6,979	$	(21)	$	—	$	—	$	6,979	$	(21)

(1) Unrealized losses on these securities are less than $500.

	June 30, 2020
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Estimated		Unrealized		Estimated		Unrealized		Estimated		Unrealized
	Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value		Losses
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Government and agency obligations	$	10,195	$	(3)	$	—	$	—	$	10,195	$	(3)
Municipal obligations		3,609		(2)		—		—		3,609		(2)
Other debt securities		59		(2)		143		(46)		202		(48)
	$	13,863	$	(7)	$	143	$	(46)	$	14,006	$	(53)

At December 31, 2020, there were 52 securities with unrealized losses. Unrealized losses on U.S Government and agency, municipal debt and corporate debt securities, are primarily related to increases in credit spreads since the securities were purchased. Unrealized losses on other debt securities (agency-backed and certain private-label mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligation securities) are not considered other-than-temporary based upon analysis completed by management considering credit rating of the instrument, length of time each security has spent in an unrealized loss position and the strength of the underlying collateral.

At December 31, 2020, management reviewed all private-label mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations, included in other debt securities, which were rated less than investment grade for impairment, resulting in no additional impairment charges during the three or six months ended December 31, 2020. At December 31, 2020, 55 securities with an amortized cost of $0.4 million and remaining par value of $1.7 million were evaluated.

The table below presents a rollforward of the credit losses recognized in earnings (dollars in thousands):

Balance, July 1, 2020	$	1,214
Reductions for amounts realized for securities transactions		—
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	1,214

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The fair value of debt securities and carrying amount, if different, by contractual maturity were as follows (dollars in thousands). Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.

	December 31, 2020
	Amortized		Estimated
	Cost		Fair Value
Securities available for sale:
Due in one year or less	$	63,609	$	63,648
Due after one to five years		65,932		65,972
Other debt securities		500		820
	$	130,041	$	130,440
Securities held to maturity:
Due in one year or less	$	3,449	$	3,526
Due after one to five years		1,126		1,126
Due after five to ten years		7,000		6,979
	$	11,575	$	11,631

There were no sales of securities available for sale for the three and six months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

There were no sales of securities held to maturity for the three and six months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

During the three and six months ended December 31, 2020, the Company received $7.5 million in proceeds from the sale of equity securities.

At December 31, 2020, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. Government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of our equity. As of December 31, 2020, and June 30, 2020, the carrying value of available for sale securities pledged to secure FHLBNY advances and municipal deposits was $127.5 million and $65.0 million, respectively.

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6.NET LOANS RECEIVABLE

A summary of net loans receivable is as follows (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2020		June 30, 2020
Commercial:
Real estate	$	452,468	$	450,452
Commercial and industrial		192,393		237,223
Construction		94,817		91,805
Total commercial		739,678		779,480
Residential mortgages		287,176		279,960
Home equity loans and lines		77,068		80,345
Consumer		29,222		30,860
		1,133,144		1,170,645
Net deferred loan costs		1,726		605
Allowance for loan losses		(23,393)		(22,851)
Net loans receivable	$	1,111,477	$	1,148,399

The following tables present the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment (dollars in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2020
			Residential
	Commercial		Mortgages			Home Equity	Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period	$	18,334	$	3,475	$	1,313	$	487	$	23,609
Provisions charged to operations		1,272		177		25		76		1,550
Loans charged off		(1,558)		(108)		(51)		(84)		(1,801)
Recoveries on loans charged off		26		—		—		9		35
Allowance for loan losses at end of period	$	18,074	$	3,544	$	1,287	$	488	$	23,393

	For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
			Residential
	Commercial		Mortgages		Home Equity		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period	$	11,408	$	2,379	$	850	$	362	$	14,999
Provisions charged to operations		1,353		73		18		76		1,520
Loans charged off		(1)		—		—		(33)		(34)
Recoveries on loans charged off		—		—		—		8		8
Allowance for loan losses at end of period	$	12,760	$	2,452	$	868	$	413	$	16,493

	For the Six Months Ended December 31, 2020
			Residential
	Commercial		Mortgages		Home Equity		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period	$	17,570	$	3,484	$	1,303	$	494	$	22,851
Provisions charged to operations		2,003		168		35		94		2,300
Loans charged off		(1,558)		(108)		(51)		(110)		(1,827)
Recoveries on loans charged off		59		—		—		10		69
Allowance for loan losses at end of period	$	18,074	$	3,544	$	1,287	$	488	$	23,393

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	For the Six Months Ended December 31, 2019
	(As Restated)
			Residential
	Commercial		Mortgages		Home Equity		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period	$	11,057	$	2,360	$	813	$	269	$	14,499
Provisions charged to operations		1,708		111		54		217		2,090
Loans charged off		(5)		(19)		—		(90)		(114)
Recoveries on loans charged off		—		—		1		17		18
Allowance for loan losses at end of period	$	12,760	$	2,452	$	868	$	413	$	16,493

The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2020
			Residential
	Commercial		Mortgages		Home Equity		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Related to loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	1,679	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,679
Related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment		16,395		3,544	$	1,287	$	488		21,714
Ending balance	$	18,074	$	3,544	$	1,287	$	488	$	23,393
Loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	8,260	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	8,260
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		731,418		287,176		77,068		29,222		1,124,884
Ending balance	$	739,678	$	287,176	$	77,068	$	29,222	$	1,133,144

	June 30, 2020
			Residential
	Commercial		Mortgages			Home Equity	Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Related to loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	929	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	929
Related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment		16,641		3,484		1,303		494		21,922
Ending balance	$	17,570	$	3,484	$	1,303	$	494	$	22,851
Loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	8,407	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	8,407
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		771,073		279,960		80,345		30,860		1,162,238
Ending balance	$	779,480	$	279,960	$	80,345	$	30,860	$	1,170,645

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The following tables present information related to impaired loans by class as of (dollars in thousands):

							For the Six Months Ended
	December 31, 2020						December 31, 2020
	Unpaid				Allowance for		Average		Interest
	Principal		Recorded		Loan Losses		Recorded		Income
	Balance		Investment		Allocated		Investment		Recognized
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial:
Real estate	$	5,387	$	5,271	$	—	$	5,387	$	50
Commercial and industrial		46		42		—		46		—
Construction		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		5,433		5,313		—		5,433		50
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial:
Real estate		235		209		13		235		—
Commercial and industrial		1,434		1,419		836		1,434		35
Construction		1,319		1,319		830		1,319		—
Subtotal		2,988		2,947		1,679		2,988		35
Total	$	8,421	$	8,260	$	1,679	$	8,421	$	85

							For the Year Ended
	June 30, 2020						June 30, 2020
	Unpaid				Allowance for		Average		Interest
	Principal		Recorded		Loan Losses		Recorded		Income
	Balance		Investment		Allocated		Investment		Recognized
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial:
Real estate	$	5,417	$	5,342	$	—	$	5,203	$	265
Commercial and industrial		46		42		—		46		—
Construction		1,319		1,319		—		1,320		—
Subtotal		6,782		6,703		—		6,569		265
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial:
Real estate		233		221		25		234		—
Commercial and industrial		1,494		1,483		904		1,513		88
Subtotal		1,727		1,704		929		1,747		88
Total	$	8,509	$	8,407	$	929	$	8,316	$	353

Interest income on nonaccrual loans is recognized using the cost recovery method. Interest income on impaired loans that were on nonaccrual status and cash-basis interest income for the three and six months ended December 31, 2020, and the year ended June 30, 2020 was nominal.

The recorded investment in loans excludes accrued interest receivable and deferred loan fees, net due to immateriality.

At various times, certain loan modifications are executed which are considered to be troubled debt restructurings. Substantially all of these modifications include one or a combination of the following:  extension of the maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk; temporary reduction in the interest rate; change in scheduled payment amount including interest only; or extensions of additional credit for payment of delinquent real estate taxes or other costs.

The Company has implemented customer payment deferral programs to assist both consumer and commercial borrowers that may be experiencing financial hardship due to COVID-19 related challenges, whereby short-term deferrals of payments (generally three to six months) will be provided. Commercial, residential mortgage, home equity loans and

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lines, and consumer loans in deferment status will continue to accrue interest on the deferred principal during the deferment period unless otherwise classified as nonaccrual. Consistent with the CARES Act and industry regulatory guidance, borrowers that were otherwise current on loan payments that were granted COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferrals will continue to be reported as current loans throughout the agreed upon deferral period and therefore, not classified as troubled-debt restructured loans. Borrowers that are delinquent in their payments prior to requesting a COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferral will be reviewed on a case by case basis for troubled debt restructure classification and non-performing loan status. At December 31, 2020, the Company had COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferrals for consumer borrowers related to nine loans representing $2.6 million of the Company’s residential mortgage, home equity loans and lines of credit, and consumer loan balances, and for commercial borrowers related to 24 loans representing $40.6 million of the Company’s commercial loan balances.

There were no loans modified as troubled debt restructurings during the three and six months ended December 31, 2020, and 2019, respectively. There was one loan that had been modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the twelve months prior to December 31, 2020 which subsequently defaulted during the three and six months ended December 31, 2020. There were no loans that had been modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the twelve months prior to December 31,2019 which have subsequently defaulted during the three and six months ended December 31, 2019.

Loans subject to a troubled debt restructuring are evaluated as impaired loans for the purpose of determining the specific component of the allowance for loan losses.

The following table presents the recorded investment in nonaccrual and loans past due over 90 days still on accrual by class of loans (dollars in thousands):

	December 31,				June 30,
	2020				2020
			Past Due				Past Due
			90 Days				90 Days
			Still on				Still on
	Nonaccrual		Accrual		Nonaccrual		Accrual
Commercial:
Real estate	$	3,281	$	632	$	3,364	$	143
Commercial and industrial		1,261		30		95		1,455
Construction		1,319		—		1,319		—
Residential mortgages		5,104		—		4,807		—
Home equity loans and lines		2,177		14		1,865		—
Consumer		199		45		210		12
	$	13,341	$	721	$	11,660	$	1,610

Nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days still on accrual include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually evaluated impaired loans.

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The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in loans by class of loans as of (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2020
	30 - 59		60 - 89		90 or more
	Days		Days		Days		Total		Loans Not
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Total
Commercial:
Real estate	$	2,941	$	2,306	$	2,778	$	8,025	$	444,443	$	452,468
Commercial and industrial		5,818		1,649		72		7,539		184,854		192,393
Construction		169		617		1,319		2,105		92,712		94,817
Residential mortgages		989		522		2,531		4,042		283,134		287,176
Home equity loans and lines		892		337		1,691		2,920		74,148		77,068
Consumer		217		6		45		268		28,954		29,222
Total	$	11,026	$	5,437	$	8,436	$	24,899	$	1,108,245	$	1,133,144

	June 30, 2020
	30 - 59		60 - 89		90 or more
	Days		Days		Days		Total		Loans Not
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Total
Commercial:
Real estate	$	23	$	211	$	2,270	$	2,504	$	447,948	$	450,452
Commercial and industrial		—		26		1,551		1,577		235,646		237,223
Construction		—		—		1,319		1,319		90,486		91,805
Residential mortgages		2,666		1,272		3,505		7,443		272,517		279,960
Home equity loans and lines		1,217		1,259		1,383		3,859		76,486		80,345
Consumer		39		4		12		55		30,805		30,860
Total	$	3,945	$	2,772	$	10,040	$	16,757	$	1,153,888	$	1,170,645

The Company categorizes commercial loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as:  current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes commercial loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

Special Mention – Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date.

Substandard – Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful – Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Commercial loans not meeting the criteria above are considered to be pass rated loans.

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The following tables present commercial loans summarized by class of loans and the risk category (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2020
			Special
	Pass		Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
Commercial
Real estate	$	406,840	$	29,213	$	16,415	$	—	$	452,468
Commercial and industrial		174,798		6,258		11,337		—		192,393
Construction		92,881		—		1,936		—		94,817
	$	674,519	$	35,471	$	29,688	$	—	$	739,678

	June 30, 2020
			Special
	Pass		Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
Commercial
Real estate	$	433,948	$	106	$	16,398	$	—	$	450,452
Commercial and industrial		222,777		6,393		8,000		53		237,223
Construction		89,869		—		1,936		—		91,805
	$	746,594	$	6,499	$	26,334	$	53	$	779,480

The Company considers the performance of the loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for loan losses. For residential and consumer loan classes, the Company also evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by payment activity.

As of December  31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, the Company had pledged $435.7 million and $449.5 million respectively, of residential mortgage, home equity and commercial loans as collateral for FHLBNY borrowings and stand-by letters of credit.

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7.DERIVATIVES

In the normal course of servicing our commercial customers, the Company acts as an interest rate swap counterparty for certain commercial borrowers. The Company manages its exposure to such interest rate swaps by entering into corresponding and offsetting interest rate swaps with third parties that match the terms of the interest rate swap with the commercial borrowers. These positions directly offset each other and the Company’s exposure is the fair value of the derivatives due to potential changes in credit risk of our commercial borrowers and third parties.

The notional amount of the interest rate swaps does not represent amounts exchanged by the parties. The amount exchanged is determined by reference to the notional amount and the other terms of the individual interest rate swap agreements. At December 31, 2020, the Company held derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, comprised of back-to-back interest rate swaps, with a total notional amount of $730.2 million, consisting of $365.1 million of interest rate swaps with commercial borrowers and $365.1 million of offsetting interest rate swaps with third-party counterparties on substantially the same terms. At June 30, 2020, the Company held derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, comprised of back-to-back interest rate swaps, with a total notional amount of $706.6 million, consisting of $353.3 million of interest rate swaps with commercial borrowers and $353.3 million of offsetting interest rate swaps with third-party counterparties on substantially the same terms.

The fair value of derivatives are classified as other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of condition. The estimated fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are as follows (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2020
	Derivative		Derivative
	Assets		Liabilities
Gross interest rate swaps	$	36,931	$	36,931
Less: master netting arrangements		(500)		(500)
Less: cash collateral applied		—		(36,012)
Net amount	$	36,431	$	419

	June 30, 2020
	Derivative		Derivative
	Assets		Liabilities
Gross interest rate swaps	$	42,922	$	42,922
Less: master netting arrangements		—		—
Less: cash collateral applied		—		(42,922)
Net amount	$	42,922	$	—

Under terms of the agreements with the third-party counterparties, the Company provides cash collateral to the counterparty for the initial trade. Subsequent to the trade, the margin is exchanged in either direction, based upon the estimated fair value of the underlying contracts. At December 31, 2020, the Company had deposited $36.0 million as collateral for swap agreements with third-party counterparties. At June 30, 2020, the Company had deposited $42.9 million as collateral for swap agreements with third-party counterparties.

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8.OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Details About Accumulated Other	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated								Affected Line Item in the Statement
Comprehensive Loss Components	Other Comprehensive Loss								Where Net Income is Presented
	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Unrealized gains/losses on securities (before tax):
Net gains included in net income	$	—	$	51	$	—	$	51	Net gain on available for sale securities transactions
Tax expense		—		(13)		—		(13)	Income tax expense
Net of tax		—		38		—		38
Amortization of defined benefit plan items (before tax):
Net actuarial loss		—		—		—		—	Salaries and employee benefits
Tax benefit		—		—		—		—	Income tax expense
Net of tax		—		—		—		—
Total reclassification for the period, net of tax	$	—	$	38	$	—	$	38

The balances and changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax are as follows (dollars in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,
					Accumulated
	Unrealized				Other
	Gains/Losses		Defined		Comprehensive
	on Securities		Benefit Plans		Loss
2020:
Accumulated other comprehensive loss as of October 1, 2020	$	309		(17,751)	$	(17,442)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(14)		—		(14)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2020	$	295		(17,751)	$	(17,456)
2019:
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of October 1, 2019	$	695		(11,441)	$	(10,746)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		47		—		47
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		(38)		—		(38)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2019	$	704		(11,441)	$	(10,737)

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	For the Six Months Ended December 31,
					Accumulated
	Unrealized				Other
	Gains/Losses		Defined		Comprehensive
	on Securities		Benefit Plans		Loss
2020:
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of July l, 2020	$	381		(17,751)	$	(17,370)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(86)		—		(86)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2020		295		(17,751)		(17,456)
2019:
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of July l, 2019		338		(11,441)		(11,103)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		288		—		288
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		(38)		—		(38)
Reclassification for change in accounting (1)		116		—		116
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2019	$	704		(11,441)	$	(10,737)

(1) Adoption of ASU 2016-01 – cumulative effect of change in measurement of equity securities.

The amounts of income tax expense (benefit) allocated to each component of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended
	December 31,
	2020		2019
Unrealized gains/losses on securities:
Unrealized holdings (losses) gains arising during the period	$	(5)	$	17
Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income		—		(13)
		(5)		4
Defined benefit plans:
Change in funded status		—		—
Reclassification adjustment for accretion of net prior service cost		—		—
Reclassification adjustment for amortization of net actuarial loss		—		—
		—		—
	$	(5)	$	4

	For the Six Months Ended
	December 31,
	2020		2019
Unrealized gains/losses on securities:
Unrealized holdings gains (losses) arising during the period	$	(30)	$	101
Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income		—		(13)
		(30)		88
Defined benefit plans:
Change in funded status		—		—
Reclassification adjustment for amortization of net actuarial loss		—		—
		—		—
	$	(30)	$	88

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9.EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Company maintains a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan and a defined benefit post-retirement plan. Plan assets and obligations that determine the funded status are measured as of the end of the fiscal year.

Pension Plan

The Company maintains a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan covering substantially all of its full-time employees twenty-one years of age or older, with at least one year of service. Through December 31, 2009, pensions were paid as an annuity using a pension formula of 2.0% of the average of the five highest consecutive years of total compensation over the last ten years multiplied by credited service up to thirty years. Effective January 1, 2010, the plan was amended and service rendered thereafter is paid using a pension formula of 1.5%. Amounts contributed to the plan are determined annually on the basis of (a) the maximum amount allowable under Internal Revenue Service regulations and (b) the amount certified by a consulting actuary as necessary to avoid an accumulated funding deficiency as defined by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) The defined benefit pension plan was amended, effective August 31, 2019, to close the plan to new employees hired on or after September 1, 2019, therefore, no new employees hired on or after September 1, 2019 would be eligible to participate in the defined benefit pension plan.

Net periodic pension cost included in the Company’s consolidated statements of income included the following components (dollars in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended				For the Six Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Service cost	$	761	$	610	$	1,456	$	1,126
Interest cost		448		501		906		984
Expected return on plan assets		(838)		(924)		(1,674)		(1,851)
Amortization of net actuarial loss		417		268		850		540
Net periodic pension cost	$	788	$	455	$	1,538	$	799

Contributions

For the three and six months ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company made no cash contributions to the plan.

Post-Retirement Healthcare Plan

The Company offers a defined benefit post-retirement plan which provides medical and life insurance benefits to employees meeting certain requirements. Effective October 1, 2006, the plan was amended so that there have been no new plan participants for medical benefits. The cost of post-retirement plan benefits is recognized on an accrual basis as employees perform services. Active employees are eligible for retiree medical coverage upon reaching age sixty with twenty-five or more years of service. Employees with a minimum of thirty years of service are eligible for individual and spousal coverage. Retirees are eligible to participate in any bank-sponsored health insurance programs. The Company’s contributions for retiree medical are limited to a monthly premium of $210 for individual coverage and $420 for employee and spousal coverage. The Company’s funding policy is to pay insurance premiums as they come due.

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Net periodic post-retirement benefit cost included in the Company’s consolidated statements of income included the following components (dollars in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended				For the Six Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Service cost	$	11	$	9	$	22	$	18
Interest cost		18		16		36		32
Recognized actuarial loss		1		1		2		2
Net periodic post-retirement benefit cost	$	30	$	26	$	60	$	52

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

On July 17, 2019, the Company established an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) to provide eligible employees the opportunity to own Company stock. The ESOP is a tax-qualified retirement plan for the benefit of Company employees. The Company granted loans to the ESOP for the purchase of 1,018,325 shares of the Company’s common stock at an average price of $13.40 per share. The loan obtained by the ESOP from the Company to purchase the common stock is payable annually over 20 years at a rate per annum equal to the Prime Rate. Loan payments are principally funded by cash contributions from the Bank. The loan is secured by the shares purchased, which are held in a suspense account for allocation among participants as the loan is repaid. The balance of the ESOP loan at December 31, 2020 was $12.4 million. Contributions are allocated to eligible participants on the basis of compensation, subject to federal tax limits. The number of shares committed to be released annually is 50,916 through the year 2038. Participants may receive the shares at the end of employment.

Shares held by the ESOP include the following:

	As of December 31,
	2020	2019
Allocated	50,916	—
Committed to be allocated	50,916	50,916
Unallocated	916,493	967,409
Total Shares	1,018,325	1,018,325

Total compensation expense recognized in connection with the ESOP for the three and six months ended December 31, 2020 was $128,000 and $239,000, respectively.

Total compensation expense recognized in connection with the ESOP for the three and six months ended December 31, 2019 was $346,000 and $703,000, respectively.

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10.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Off-Balance-Sheet Financing and Concentrations of Credit

The Company is a party to certain financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include the Company’s commitments to extend credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized on the consolidated statement of condition. The contract amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in particular classes of financial instruments.

The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual notional amounts of those instruments which are presented in the tables below (dollars in thousands). The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments.

	December 31, 2020
	Fixed Rate		Variable Rate		Total
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk (including unused lines of credit and unadvanced loan funds):
Commitments to extend credit	$	39,172	$	227,727	$	266,899
Standby letters of credit		—		28,020		28,020
	$	39,172	$	255,747	$	294,919

	June 30, 2020
	Fixed Rate		Variable Rate		Total
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk (including unused lines of credit and unadvanced loan funds):
Commitments to extend credit	$	41,573	$	232,137	$	273,710
Standby letters of credit		—		30,654		30,654
	$	41,573	$	262,791	$	304,364

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and require payment of a fee. Since certain commitments are expected to expire without being fully drawn, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral, if any, required by the Company for the extension of credit is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer.

Commitments to extend credit may be written on a fixed rate basis thus exposing the Company to interest rate risk, given the possibility that market rates may change between commitment and actual extension of credit.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee payment on behalf of a customer or to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing these instruments is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. Since a portion of these instruments will expire unused, the total amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Each customer is evaluated individually for creditworthiness under the same underwriting standards used for commitments to extend credit and on-balance-sheet instruments. Bank policies governing loan collateral apply to standby letters of credit at the time of credit extension.

Certain residential mortgage loans are written on an adjustable basis and include interest rate caps which limit annual and lifetime increases in interest rates. Generally, adjustable rate mortgages have an annual rate increase cap of 2% and lifetime rate increase cap of 5% to 6% above the initial loan rate. These caps expose the Company to interest rate risk should market rates increase above these limits. At December 31, 2020, approximately $35.9 million of adjustable rate residential mortgage loans had interest rate caps. In addition, certain adjustable rate residential mortgage loans have a

30

conversion option whereby the borrower may elect to convert the loan to a fixed rate during a designated time period. At December 31, 2020, approximately $1.6 million of the adjustable rate mortgage loans had conversion options.

The Company periodically sells residential mortgage loans to FNMA and to the State of New York Mortgage Agency. At December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, the Bank had no loans held for sale. In addition, the Bank has no loan commitments with borrowers at December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020 with rate lock agreements which are intended to be held for sale, if closed. The Company generally determines whether or not a loan is held for sale at the time that loan commitments are entered into or at the time a convertible adjustable rate mortgage loan converts to a fixed interest rate. In order to reduce the interest rate risk associated with the portfolio of loans held for sale, as well as loan commitments with locked interest rates which are intended to be held for sale if closed, the Company enters into agreements to sell loans in the secondary market. At December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, the Company had no commitments to sell loans to unrelated investors.

Concentrations of Credit

The Company primarily grants loans to customers located in the New York State counties of Albany, Greene, Rensselaer, Schenectady, Saratoga, and Warren. Although the Company has a diversified loan portfolio, a substantial portion of its debtors’ ability to honor their contracts is dependent upon the real estate and construction-related sectors of the economy, and general economic conditions in the Company’s market area.

Legal Proceeding and Other Contingent Liabilities

In the ordinary course of business, the Company and the Bank are involved in a number of legal, regulatory, governmental and other proceedings or investigations concerning matters arising from the conduct of their business, including the matters described below. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, particularly where the claimants seek large or indeterminate damages, the Company generally cannot predict the eventual outcome of the pending matters, timing of the ultimate resolution of these matters, or eventual loss, fines or penalties related to each pending matter. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, the Company establishes an accrued liability when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and estimable. These estimates are based upon currently available information and are subject to significant judgment, a variety of assumptions and known and unknown uncertainties. The Company’s estimates of potential losses will change over time and the actual losses may vary significantly, and there may be an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts accrued. As a matter develops, management, in conjunction with any outside counsel handling the matter, evaluate on an ongoing basis whether such matter presents a loss contingency that is probable and estimable; or where a loss is reasonably possible, whether in excess of a related accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability, whether it is possible to estimate a range of possible loss. Once the loss contingency is deemed to be both probable and estimable, the Company establishes an accrued liability and records a corresponding amount of expense. The Company continues to monitor the matter for further developments that could affect the amount of the accrued liability that has been previously established.

Information is provided below regarding the nature of the matters and associated claimed damages. The amount of reasonably possible losses for the matters described below cannot be estimated at this time. The Company and the Bank are defending each of these matters vigorously, and the Company believes that it and the Bank have substantial defenses, including affirmative defenses, counterclaims and cross-claims to the various allegations that have been asserted. Based on current knowledge, other than disclosed below, the Company is not a party to any pending legal or other proceedings that we believe would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. In light of the significant judgment, variety of assumptions and uncertainties involved in these matters, some of which are beyond the Company’s control, and the large or indeterminate damages sought in some of these matters, an adverse outcome in one or more of the matters described herein could have an adverse material impact on the Company’s business, prospects, results of operations for any particular reporting period, or cause significant reputational harm.

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Mann Entities Related Fraudulent Activity

During the first fiscal quarter of 2020 (the quarter ending September 30, 2019), the Company became aware of potentially fraudulent activity associated with transactions by an established business customer of the Bank. The customer and various affiliated entities (collectively, the “Mann Entities”) had numerous accounts with the Bank. The transactions in question related both to deposit and lending activity with the Mann Entities.

For the fraudulent activity related to the Mann Entities, the Bank’s potential exposure with respect to its deposit activity was approximately $18.5 million. In the first fiscal quarter of 2020, the Bank exercised its rights pursuant to state and federal law and the relevant Mann Entity general deposit account agreements to take actions to set off/recover approximately $16.0 million from general deposit corporate operating accounts held by the Mann Entities at the Bank to partially cover overdrafts/negative account balances in Mann Entity general deposit corporate operating accounts that primarily resulted from another bank returning/calling back $15.6 million in checks on August 30, 2019, that the Mann Entities had deposited into and then withdrawn from their accounts at the Bank the day before. In the first fiscal quarter of 2020, the Bank recognized a charge to non-interest expense in the amount of $2.5 million based on the net negative deposit balance of the various Mann Entities’ accounts after the setoffs/overdraft recoveries. Through the end of the second fiscal quarter of  2021, no additional charges to non-interest expense were recognized related to the deposit transactions with the Mann Entities.

With respect to the Bank’s lending activity with the Mann Entities, its potential exposure was approximately $15.8 million (which represents the Bank’s participation interest in the approximately $35.8 million commercial loan relationships for which the Bank is the originating lender). In the fourth fiscal quarter of 2019, the Bank recognized a provision for loan losses in the amount of $15.8 million, related to the charge-off of the entire principal balance owed to the Bank related to the Mann Entities’ commercial loan relationships. During the third fiscal quarter of 2020 and the first fiscal quarter of 2021, the Bank recognized partial recoveries in the amount of $1.7 million and $34,000, respectively, related to the charge-off of the Mann Entities’ commercial loan relationships, which were credited to the allowance for loan losses. Through the end of the second fiscal quarter of 2021, no additional charges to the provision for loan losses were recognized related to the loan transactions with the Mann Entities.

Several other parties are asserting claims against the Company and the Bank related to the series of transactions between the Company or the Bank, on the one hand, and the Mann Entities, on the other. The Company and the Bank continue to investigate these matters and it is possible that the Company and the Bank will be subject to additional liabilities which may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The Company is pursuing all available sources of recovery and other means of mitigating the potential loss, and the Company and the Bank are vigorously defending all claims asserted against them arising out of or otherwise related to the fraudulent activity of the Mann Entities.

Legal Proceedings

On October 31, 2019, Southwestern Payroll Services, Inc. (“Southwestern”) filed a complaint against the Company and the Bank (“Pioneer Parties”), Michael T. Mann, Valuewise Corporation, MyPayrollHR, LLC and Cloud Payroll, LLC (collectively, the “Mann Parties”) in the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York. The complaint alleged that the Pioneer Parties (i) wrongfully converted certain funds belonging to Southwestern, (ii) engaged in fraudulent and wrongful collection and retention of funds belonging to Southwestern, and (iii) committed gross negligence and that Southwestern is entitled to a constructive trust limiting how the Pioneer Parties distribute the funds in question, which are about $9.8 million. On November 26, 2019, the Pioneer Parties moved to dismiss Southwestern’s fraud claim, which also postponed the Pioneer Parties’ deadline to file an answer until 14 days after the court decided the motion to dismiss. On December 10, 2019, Southwestern filed a response to the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss and an amended complaint, which rendered the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss moot. The amended complaint named several additional corporate entities affiliated with the Mann Parties as co-defendants and asserted claims against the Pioneer Parties for declaratory judgment, conversion, actual and constructive fraud, gross negligence, unjust enrichment and constructive trust, and an accounting. The amended complaint sought a monetary judgment of at least $9.8 million. Each party has filed numerous motions in the proceedings. On January 10, 2020, the Pioneer Parties moved again to dismiss Southwestern’s fraud claim in the amended complaint, which also postponed the Pioneer Parties’ deadline to file an answer to the amended complaint until 14 days after the court decided the motion to dismiss. On April 16, 2020, the court granted

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the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss Southwestern’s fraud claim. On April 30, 2020, Southwestern filed a motion for both leave to file a second amended complaint and for reconsideration of the court’s dismissal of Southwestern’s fraud claim.  On May 1, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed their answer to Southwestern’s amended complaint. The Pioneer Parties asserted numerous affirmative defenses, counterclaims against Southwestern, and cross-claims against certain of the Mann Parties, including for common law fraud under New York law and violations of the federal Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act. The Pioneer Parties contend that the actions of Southwestern and certain of the Mann Parties resulted in damages of $15.6 million, plus pre-judgment interest. On July 7, 2020, the court granted Southwestern leave to file a second amended complaint, which Southwestern filed on July 16, 2020. Southwestern’s second amended complaint asserted claims against the Pioneer Parties for declaratory judgment, conversion, actual and constructive fraud, gross negligence, unjust enrichment and constructive trust, and an accounting – and sought a monetary judgment of at least $9.8 million. On July 30, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed an amended answer to Southwestern’s second amended complaint, which asserted the same affirmative defenses, counterclaims, and cross-claims as the Pioneer Parties’ prior answer to Southwestern’s amended complaint. This matter is currently in discovery.

On December 10, 2019, National Payment Corp. (“NatPay”) filed a motion to intervene as a plaintiff in Southwestern’s lawsuit against the Pioneer Parties and the Mann Parties as described above. On January 10, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed opposition to NatPay’s motion to intervene. On August 4, 2020, the magistrate judge issued a decision recommending that NatPay be allowed to intervene. While the district judge has not yet adopted the magistrate’s recommended decision, NatPay was allowed to file its complaint in intervention on August 18, 2020. NatPay’s complaint includes claims for declaratory judgment, conversion, fraud, gross negligence, unjust enrichment and constructive trust, and for an accounting against the Pioneer Parties. The prayer for relief in NatPay’s complaint seeks “compensatory damages in an amount of no less than $4 million” (the complaint also seeks punitive damages and interest in unspecified amounts). On September 8, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed their answer and affirmative defenses to NatPay’s complaint. As noted, this matter is currently in discovery.

On January 21, 2020, Cachet Financial Services (“Cachet”), a third-party automated clearing house service provider, filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the Central District of California, Los Angeles Division. Cachet is currently involved in legal proceedings against certain Mann Parties and other related parties. The Bank is not listed as a creditor in the bankruptcy proceedings. However, in the filings with the bankruptcy court, Cachet asserts that the Bank is holding approximately $8.5 million of its funds.

On February 4, 2020, Berkshire Hills Bancorp Inc.’s wholly owned subsidiary Berkshire Bank (“Berkshire Bank”) filed a complaint against the Bank in the Supreme Court of the State of New York for Albany County resulting from Berkshire Bank’s participation interest in the commercial loan relationship to the Mann Entities. The complaint alleges that the Bank (1) breached the amended and restated loan participation agreement between the Bank and Berkshire Bank dated as of June 27, 2018, (2) breached the amended and restated loan participation agreement between the Bank and Berkshire Bank dated as of August 12, 2019, (3) engaged in constructive fraud, (4) engaged in fraudulent inducement, (5) engaged in fraudulent concealment, and (6) negligently misrepresented certain material information. The complaint seeks to recover $15.6 million and additional damages. On August 14, 2020, the Bank filed a motion to dismiss five of Berkshire Bank’s claims. On December 18, 2020, Berkshire filed papers in opposition to the Bank’s motion to dismiss. On February 19, 2021, the Bank filed its reply in support of its motion to dismiss.  The court has not yet issued a decision on the Bank’s motion to dismiss.

On February 4, 2020, Chemung Financial Corporation’s wholly owned subsidiary, Chemung Canal Trust Company (“Chemung”), filed a complaint against the Bank in the Supreme Court of the State of New York for Albany County resulting from Chemung’s participation interest in the commercial loan relationship to the Mann Entities. The complaint alleges that the Bank (1) breached the participation agreement between the Bank and Chemung dated as of August 12, 2019, (2) engaged in fraudulent activities, (3) engaged in constructive fraud, and (4) negligently misrepresented and omitted certain material information. The complaint seeks to recover $4.2 million and additional damages. On August 14, 2020, the Bank filed a motion to dismiss three of Chemung’s four claims. On December 18, 2020, Chemung filed papers in opposition to the Bank’s motion to dismiss. On February 19, 2021, the Bank filed its reply in support of its motion to dismiss.  The court has not yet issued a decision on the Bank’s motion to dismiss.

On April 30, 2020, the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”), with the authorization of a delegate of the Secretary of the Treasury, filed a civil complaint against the Company and the Bank (and Cloud Payroll, LLC) in the United States

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District Court for the Northern District of New York. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the Pioneer Parties wrongfully set off approximately $7.3 million from an account held by Cloud Payroll to apply towards debts allegedly owed to the Bank by Cloud Payroll and other affiliates of Michael Mann. The complaint alleges that the funds in question were comprised of payroll taxes and thus subject to a statutory trust under 26 U.S.C. § 7501 that prohibited the Bank from setting off those funds to apply towards debts owed to the Bank. The complaint seeks return of any payroll taxes, plus interest. The Pioneer Parties moved to dismiss the DOJ’s complaint as against them on October 1, 2020. On October 21, 2020, the DOJ filed an amended complaint, which mooted the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss the DOJ’s original complaint. The amended complaint dropped one of the DOJ’s claims against the Pioneer Parties but continues to seek return of any payroll taxes, plus interest. The amended complaint relates to the same set of facts described above in “Mann Entities Related Fraudulent Activity”, and the alleged payroll taxes, plus interest, sought in this proceeding may be part of the recovery sought in the Southwestern and NatPay complaints described above. On November 4, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed their answer and affirmative defenses to the DOJ’s amended complaint. This matter is currently in discovery.

On August 31, 2020, AXH Air-Coolers, LLC (“AXH”) filed a complaint against the Pioneer Parties, and unnamed employees of the Pioneer Parties in the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York. The complaint alleges that the Pioneer Parties (i) wrongfully converted certain tax funds belonging to AXH, (ii) were unjustly enriched by the wrongful taking of tax funds belonging to AXH, and (iii) were grossly negligent in allowing AXH’s tax funds to be misappropriated, offset, converted, or stolen. The prayer for relief in AXH’s complaint seeks $336,000, plus penalties and interest, attorney’s fees, and punitive damages. The complaint relates to the same set of facts as the DOJ complaint as described above, and the alleged taxes sought in the DOJ, Southwestern, and NatPay complaints. On November 5, 2020, the Pioneer Parties moved to dismiss the complaint in its entirety. On December 4, 2020, AXH filed papers in opposition to the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss.  On December 14, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed their reply in support of their motion to dismiss.  The court has not yet issued a decision on the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss.

On December 1, 2020, the Bank filed a complaint in the Supreme Court of the State of New York against Teal, Becker & Chiaramonte, CPAs, P.C. (“TBC”), Mr. Pasquale M. Scisci and Mr. Vincent Commisso (collectively, with TBC, the “TBC Parties”), alleging professional malpractice by the TBC Parties in auditing the annual consolidated financial statements of Valuewise Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Valuewise Entities”) for the fiscal years 2010 to 2018.  The Bank asserts that the TBC Parties were aware that the primary, if not the exclusive, reason the Valuewise Entities engaged TBC to audit their financial statements was to provide the Bank with accurate financial information that the Bank would rely on in evaluating whether to provide loans to the Valuewise Entities.  The Bank contends that, among other matters, Mr. Michael Mann used the Valuewise Entities to defraud the Bank because of the professional malpractice of the TBC Parties and that if the TBC Parties had not committed professional malpractice by issuing unqualified “clean” opinions on the financial statements of the Valuewise Entities for fiscal years 2010 to 2018, the Bank would never have continued loaning money to the Valuewise Entities. The Banks seeks to recover damages of at least $34.1 million (plus interest) sustained by it as a result of the professional malpractice of the TBC Parties.  The TBC Parties filed their answer to the Bank’s complaint on February 12, 2021. This matter is currently in discovery.

The Company and the Bank have received inquiries and requests for information from regulatory agencies relating to some of the entities and events that are the subjects of certain lawsuits described above. This has resulted in, or may in the future result in, regulatory agency investigations, litigation, subpoenas, enforcement actions, and related sanctions or costs. The Company and the Bank continue to cooperate with inquiries and respond to requests as appropriate.

The Company and the Bank continue to investigate these matters and it is possible that the Company and the Bank will be subject to similar legal, regulatory, governmental or other proceedings and additional liabilities. The ultimate outcome of any such proceedings, involving the Company or the Bank, cannot be predicted with any certainty. It also remains possible that other parties will pursue additional claims against the Bank as a result of the Bank’s dealings with certain of the Mann Entities or as a result of the actions taken by the Pioneer Parties. The Company’s and the Bank’s legal fees and expenses related to these actions are significant. In addition, costs associated with potentially prosecuting, litigating or settling any litigation, satisfying any adverse judgments, if any, or other proceedings, could be significant. These costs, settlements, judgments, sanctions or other expenses could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

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11.FAIR VALUE

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

Level 1:  Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2:  Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3:  Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

The fair values of securities are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1 inputs) or matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs).

The fair value of interest rate swaps are based on valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2). The fair value of derivatives are classified as a component of other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of condition.

The fair value of impaired loans with specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses is generally based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.

Nonrecurring adjustments to certain commercial and residential real estate properties classified as OREO are measured at fair value, less costs to sell. Fair values are based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may use a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.

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Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below (dollars in thousands):

			Fair Value Measurements at
			December 31, 2020 Using
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other		Significant
			Active Markets for		Observable		Unobservable
			Identical Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Assets:
Available for sale securities:
U.S. Government and agency obligations	$	107,315	$	107,315	$	—	$	—
Municipal obligations		22,305		—		22,305		—
Other debt securities		820		—		820
Total debt securities		130,440		107,315		23,125		—
Equity securities		2,472		2,472		—		—
Derivative assets		36,431		—		36,431		—
Total	$	169,343	$	109,787	$	59,556	$	—
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities	$	419	$	—	$	419	$	—
Total	$	419	$	—	$	419	$	—

			Fair Value Measurements at
			June 30, 2020 Using
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other		Significant
			Active Markets for		Observable		Unobservable
			Identical Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Assets:
Available for sale securities:
U.S. Government and agency obligations	$	61,511	$	61,511	$	—	$	—
Municipal obligations		13,385		—		13,385		—
Other debt securities		872		—		872
Total debt securities		75,768		61,511		14,257		—
Equity securities		8,533		5,528		3,005		—
Derivative assets		42,922		—		42,922		—
Total	$	127,223	$	67,039	$	60,184	$	—

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Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Non-Recurring Basis

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are summarized below (dollars in thousands):

			Fair Value Measurements Using
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other		Significant
			Active Markets for		Observable		Unobservable
			Identical Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
December 31, 2020
Impaired loans:
Commercial loans	$	1,268	$	—	$	—	$	1,268
OREO		161		—		—		161
June 30, 2020
Impaired loans:
Commercial loans	$	775	$	—	$	—	$	775
OREO		260		—		—		260

Impaired loans, which are assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, using the fair value of collateral for collateral dependent loans, had a carrying amount of $2.9 million with a valuation allowance of $1.7 million resulting in an estimated fair value of $1.3 million as of December 31, 2020. Impaired loans, which are assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, using the fair value of collateral for collateral dependent loans, had a carrying amount of $1.7 million with a valuation allowance of $929,000 resulting in an estimated fair value of $775,000 as of June 30, 2020.

Other real estate owned measured at fair value less costs to sell, had a carrying amount of $161,000 at December 31, 2020. Other real estate owned measured at fair value less costs to sell, had a carrying amount of $260,000 at June 30, 2020. There were write-downs of $8,000 for the year ended June 30, 2020.

The carrying and estimated fair values of financial assets and liabilities were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2020
						Fair Value Measurements Using
							Significant
					Active Markets		Other		Significant
					for Identical		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying		Estimated		Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Amount		Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	196,005	$	196,005	$	196,005	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		130,440		130,440		107,315		23,125		—
Securities held to maturity		11,575		11,631		—		11,631		—
Equity securities		2,472		2,472		2,472		—		—
FHLBNY stock		1,010		1,010		—		1,010		—
Net loans receivable		1,111,477		1,141,629		—		—		1,141,629
Accrued interest receivable		4,152		4,152		—		4,152		—
Derivative assets		36,431		36,431		—		36,431		—
Financial liabilities
Deposits
Savings, money market, and demand accounts	$	1,222,508	$	1,222,508	$	—	$	1,222,508	$	—
Time deposits		100,243		101,193		—		101,193		—
Mortgagors’ escrow deposits		4,819		4,819		—		4,819		—
Accrued interest payable		24		24		—		24		—
Derivative liabilities		419		419		—		419		—

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	June 30, 2020
						Fair Value Measurements Using
							Significant
					Active Markets		Other		Significant
					for Identical		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying		Estimated		Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Amount		Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	156,903	$	156,903	$	156,903	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		75,768		75,768		61,511		14,257		—
Securities held to maturity		6,822		6,917		—		6,917		—
Equity securities		8,533		8,533		5,528		3,005		—
FHLBNY stock		1,010		1,010		—		1,010		—
Net loans receivable		1,148,399		1,180,002		—		—		1,180,002
Accrued interest receivable		3,467		3,467		—		3,467		—
Derivative assets		42,922		42,922		—		42,922		—
Financial liabilities
Deposits
Savings, money market, and demand accounts	$	1,150,591	$	1,150,591	$	—	$	1,150,591	$	—
Time deposits		119,559		120,921		—		120,921		—
Mortgagors’ escrow deposits		6,044		6,044		—		6,044		—
Accrued interest payable		35		35		—		35		—

Short-Term Financial Instruments

The fair value of certain financial instruments are estimated to approximate their carrying amounts because the remaining term to maturity or period to repricing of the financial instrument is less than ninety days. Such financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest receivable and payable, and mortgagor’s escrow deposits.

Securities

Fair values of securities available for sale, securities held to maturity and equity securities are determined as outlined earlier in this footnote.

FHLBNY Stock

The fair value of FHLB stock approximates its carrying value due to transferability restrictions.

Loans

Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type, including residential real estate, commercial real estate, and consumer loans and whether the interest rates are fixed and/or variable.

The estimated fair values of performing loans is calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated maturity using estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the respective loan portfolio.

Estimated fair values for nonperforming loans are based on estimated cash flows discounted using a rate commensurate with the credit risk involved. Assumptions regarding credit risk, cash flows, and discount rates are judgmentally determined using available market information and specific borrower information.

Derivatives

Fair values of derivative assets and liabilities are determined as outlined earlier in this footnote.

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Deposits

The estimated fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as savings, money market and demand deposits, is regarded to be the amount payable on demand. The estimated fair value of time deposits is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using market rates for time deposits with similar maturities. The fair value estimates for deposits do not include the benefit that results from the low-cost funding provided by the deposits as compared to the cost of borrowing funds in the market.

12.REVENUE RECOGNITION

In general, for revenue not associated with financial instruments, guarantees and lease contracts, we apply the following steps when recognizing revenue from contracts with customers: (i) identify the contract, (ii) identify the performance obligations, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations and (v) recognize revenue when performance obligation is satisfied. Our contracts with customers are generally short term in nature, typically due within one year or less or cancellable by us or our customer upon a short notice period. Performance obligations for our customer contracts are generally satisfied at a single point in time, typically when the transaction is complete. In some cases, we act in an agent capacity, deriving revenue through assisting other entities in transactions with our customers. In such transactions, we recognized revenue and the related costs to provide our services on a net basis in our financial statements. These transactions primarily relate to insurance and brokerage commissions, and fees derived from our customers' use of various interchange and ATM/debit card networks.

Revenue associated with financial instruments, including revenue from loans and securities is excluded from the scope of the accounting guidance for revenue from contracts with customers. In addition, certain noninterest income streams such as fees associated with mortgage servicing rights, financial guarantees, derivatives, and certain credit card fees are also not in scope of the accounting guidance for revenue from contracts with customers. The accounting guidance for revenue from contracts with customers is applicable to noninterest revenue streams such as deposit related fees, interchange fees, and insurance and wealth management services commissions.

The following presents noninterest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of the accounting guidance for revenue from contracts with customers, for the three and six months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,				For the Six Months Ended December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(dollars in thousands)				(dollars in thousands)
Non-interest Income
In scope
Insurance services	$	1,072	$	1,357	$	1,742	$	2,032
Wealth management services		806		714		1,490		1,393
Service charges on deposit accounts		683		860		1,302		1,776
Card services income		740		708		1,501		1,439
Other		208		66		208		130
Non-interest income in scope		3,509		3,705		6,243		6,770
Non-interest income out of scope		1,214		1,808		2,007		2,605
Total non-interest income	$	4,723	$	5,513	$	8,250	$	9,375

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13.EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share represent income available to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Unallocated ESOP shares are not deemed outstanding for earnings per share calculations. There were no potentially diluted common stock equivalents as of December 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,				For the Six Months Ended December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
							(As Restated)
	(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Net income applicable to common stock	$	1,895		3,850	$	3,289	$	2,873
Average number of common shares outstanding		25,977,679		25,977,679		25,977,679		25,977,679
Less: Average unallocated ESOP shares		922,858		980,138		929,222		992,867
Average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per common share		25,054,821		24,997,541		25,048,457		24,984,812
Net earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.08	$	0.15	$	0.13	$	0.12
Diluted	$	0.08	$	0.15	$	0.13	$	0.12

Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained herein are “forward looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements are generally identified by use of the words "believe," "expect," "intend," "anticipate," "estimate," "project" or similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs, such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” or “may.” The Company’s ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. No assurance can be given that the future results covered by forward-looking statements will be achieved. Certain forward-looking statements are included in this Form 10-Q, principally in the section captioned “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” In addition to the factors described in Item 1A – Risk Factors, factors which could have a material adverse effect on the operations of the Company and its subsidiaries include, but are not limited to:

● our business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations have been, and will likely continue to be, adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic;

● risks and uncertainties related to the Restatement of certain of our historical consolidated financial statements;

● risks and uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting governmental and societal response;

● risks related to the variety of litigation and other proceedings described in the “Legal Proceedings” section;

● general economic conditions, either nationally or in our market area, that are worse than expected;

● impact on our interest earning asset yield volatility as PPP loans are forgiven by the SBA;

● competition within our market area that is stronger than expected;

● changes in the level and direction of loan delinquencies and charge-offs and changes in estimates of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses;

● our ability to access cost-effective funding;

● fluctuations in real estate values and both residential and commercial real estate market conditions;

● demand for loans and deposits in our market area;

● changes in our partnership with a third-party mortgage banking company;

● our ability to maintain sufficient sources of liquidity to satisfy our short and long-term liquidity needs;

● our ability to continue to implement our business strategies;

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● competition among depository and other financial institutions;

● inflation and changes in market interest rates that reduce our margins and yields, reduce the fair value of financial instruments or reduce our volume of loan originations, or increase the level of defaults, losses and prepayments on loans we have made and make, whether held in portfolio or sold in the secondary market;

● adverse changes in the securities markets;

● changes in laws or government regulations or policies affecting financial institutions, including changes in regulatory fees and capital requirements and changes resulting from a change in administration;

● our ability to manage market risk, credit risk and operational risk;

● our ability to enter new markets successfully and capitalize on growth opportunities;

● the imposition of tariffs or other domestic or international governmental polices impacting the value of the products of our borrowers;

● our ability to successfully integrate into our operations any assets, liabilities or systems we may acquire, as well as new management personnel or customers, and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames and any goodwill charges related thereto;

● changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits;

● our ability to maintain our reputation;

● our ability to prevent or mitigate fraudulent activity;

● changes in cost of legal expenses, including defending against significant litigation;

● changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the bank regulatory agencies, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board;

● our ability to retain key employees;

● our ability to evaluate the amount and timing of recognition of future tax assets and liabilities;

● our compensation expense associated with equity benefits allocated or awarded to our employees in the future; and

● changes in the financial condition, results of operations or future prospects of issuers of securities that we own.

Additional factors that may affect our results are discussed in the annual report on Form 10-K, as amended, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2020, under the heading “Risk Factors” and this Form 10-Q, under the heading “Risk Factors.” The Company disclaims any obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q to reflect future events or developments.

Overview

Net Interest Income. Our primary source of income is net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income, which is the income we earn on our loans and investments, and interest expense, which is the interest we pay on our deposits and borrowings.

Provision for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. The allowance for loan losses is increased through charges to the provision for loan losses. Loans are charged against the allowance when management believes that the collectability of the principal loan amount is not probable. Recoveries on loans previously charged-off, if any, are credited to the allowance for loan losses when realized. We may incur elevated provision for loan losses and charge-offs due to the adverse impact of the pandemic on the economy of our market area and our customers.

Non-interest Income. Our primary sources of non-interest income are banking fees and service charges, insurance and wealth management services income. Our non-interest income also includes net gains or losses on equity securities, net realized gains or losses on available for sale securities, net gains or losses in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance, net gain or loss on disposal of assets, other gains and losses, and miscellaneous income.

Non-Interest Expenses. Our non-interest expenses consist of salaries and employee benefits, net occupancy and equipment, data processing, advertising, federal deposit insurance premiums, professional fees, and other general and administrative expenses.

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Salaries and employee benefits consist primarily of salaries and wages paid to our employees, payroll taxes, and expenses for worker’s compensation and disability insurance, health insurance, retirement plans and other employee benefits, as well as commissions and other incentives.

Occupancy and equipment expenses, which are the fixed and variable costs of buildings and equipment, consist primarily of depreciation charges, rental expenses, furniture and equipment expenses, maintenance, real estate taxes and costs of utilities. Depreciation of premises and equipment is computed using a straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the related assets or the expected lease terms, if shorter.

Data processing expenses are fees we pay to third parties for use of their software and for processing customer information, deposits and loans.

Advertising includes most marketing expenses including multi-media advertising (public and in-store), promotional events and materials, civic and sales focused memberships, and community support.

Federal deposit insurance premiums are payments we make to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation for insurance of our deposit accounts.

Professional fees includes legal and other consulting expenses.

Other expenses include expenses for professional services, office supplies, postage, telephone, insurance and other miscellaneous operating expenses.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit). Our income tax expense (benefit) is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.

Recent Developments

COVID-19 Pandemic

In early January 2020, the World Health Organization issued an alert that a novel coronavirus outbreak was emanating from the Wuhan Province in China. Later in January, the first death related to the novel coronavirus, identified as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”), occurred in the United States. Over the course of the next several weeks, the outbreak continued to spread to various regions of the World prompting the World Health Organization to declare COVID-19 a global pandemic in March 2020.  In the United States, the rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus invoked various Federal and State, including New York State, authorities to make emergency declarations and issue executive orders to limit the spread of the disease. Measures included restrictions on international and domestic travel, restrictions on business operations, limitations on public gatherings, implementation of social distancing protocols, school closings, orders to shelter in place and mandates to close all non-essential businesses to the public. As of December 31, 2020, some of these restrictions have been removed and many non-essential businesses have been allowed to re-open in a limited capacity, adhering to social distancing and disinfection guidelines. However, these restrictions and other consequences of the pandemic have resulted in significant adverse effects for the Company and its customers. The direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in dramatic reductions in the level of economic activity in the Company’s market area, as well as in the national and global economies and financial markets, and have severely hampered the ability for certain businesses and consumers to meet their current repayment obligations.

Concerns about the pandemic and its negative impact on economic activity, has severely disrupted both domestic and international financial markets and has prompted Central Banks around the World to inject significant amounts of monetary stimulus into their economies. In the United States, the Federal Reserve System’s Federal Open Market Committee, swiftly cut the target Federal Funds rate to a range of 0% to 0.25%, including a 50 basis point reduction in the target federal funds rate on March 3, 2020 and an additional 100 basis point reduction on March 15, 2020. In addition, the Federal Reserve rolled out various market support programs to ease the stress on financial markets. In addition the United

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States Congress, on March 27, 2020, passed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), which was intended to provide approximately $2.5 trillion of direct support to U.S. citizens and businesses affected by the COVID-19 outbreak, and on April 24, 2020, passed the Paycheck Protection and Health Care Enhancement Act (“Enhancement Act”), which was intended to provide $484 billion in additional funding to replenish and supplement key programs under the CARES Act. On December 27, 2020, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (the “2021 Appropriations Act”) became law and further extended certain provisions of the CARES Act while also providing an additional $284 billion for the PPP loan program (as defined and described below), and extending the deadline of the program through March 31, 2021.

As the COVID-19 events unfolded throughout the calendar 2020 year to date period, the Company implemented various plans, strategies and protocols to protect its employees, maintain services for customers, assure the functional continuity of the Company’s operating systems, controls and processes, and mitigate financial risks posed by changing market conditions. Beginning late in the first quarter of the calendar 2020 year, in order to protect its employees and assure workforce and operational continuity, the Company imposed business travel restrictions, implemented quarantine and work from home protocols and physically separated, to the extent possible, the critical operations site workforce that were unable to work remotely. The Company also implemented drive-thru only and by appointment operating protocols for its bank branch network.  Late in the second quarter of the calendar 2020 year, the Company implemented a return-to-work plan and phased a majority of its employees back to working in a traditional office environment and a majority of its branch network lobbies were open to the public. During the fourth quarter of the calendar 2020 year, to limit the risk of virus spread in anticipation of the winter virus surge, the Company reinstituted drive-through only and by appointment operating protocols for its bank branch network, and an emphasis on work from home protocols.  Throughout the calendar 2020 year to date period, the Company maintained regular communications with its primary regulatory agencies and critical vendors to assure all mission-critical activities and functions are being performed in line with regulatory expectations and the Company’s service standards.

Although there is a high degree of uncertainty around the magnitude and duration of the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company’s management believes that it was well positioned with adequate levels of capital as of December 31, 2020. At December 31, 2020, all of the Bank’s regulatory capital ratios exceeded all well-capitalized standards. More specifically, the Bank’s Tier 1 Leverage Ratio, a common measure to evaluate a financial institution’s capital strength, was 11.43% at December 31, 2020.

In addition, management believes the Company was well positioned with adequate levels of liquidity as of December 31, 2020. The Bank maintains a funding base largely comprised of core noninterest bearing demand deposit accounts and low cost interest-bearing savings and money market deposit accounts with customers that operate, reside or work within its branch footprint. At December 31, 2020, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents balance was $196.0 million. The Company also maintains an available-for-sale investment securities portfolio, comprised primarily of highly liquid U.S. Treasury securities and highly-rated municipal securities. This portfolio not only generates interest income, but also serves as a ready source of liquidity. At December 31, 2020, the Company’s available-for-sale investment securities portfolio totaled $130.4 million.  The Bank’s unused borrowing capacity at the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York at December 31, 2020 was $224.1 million.

The Bank participated in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), a specialized low-interest (1%) forgivable loan program funded by the U.S. Treasury Department and administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”). The SBA will guarantee 100% of the PPP loans made to eligible borrowers. As of December 31, 2020, the Bank’s commercial loan portfolio included 531 PPP loans totaling $54.5 million. The Bank assisted a substantial number of its PPP borrowers with forgiveness requests during the second fiscal quarter of 2021 and expects to continue assisting PPP borrowers with forgivenss requests during the third fiscal quarter of 2021. As of December 31, 2020, the Bank has received forgiveness payments related to 158 borrowers’ PPP loans for a total of $21.3 million. The Bank expects to participate in the second round of PPP loans authorized by the 2021 Appropriations Act during the Company’s third fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021. The Federal Reserve has instituted a program, the Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility (“PPPLF”), authorized under section 13(3) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is intended to facilitate lending by banks to small businesses under the PPP while maintaining strong liquidity to meet cash flow needs. Under the PPPFL, the Federal Reserve Banks lends to banks on a non-recourse basis, taking PPP loans as collateral. Principal repayment of PPPLF borrowings, if any, are made upon receipt of payment on the underlying PPP loans pledged as collateral and interest is charged at a rate of 0.35%. At December 31, 2020, the Bank’s unused borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank

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of New York through the PPPLF was $54.5 million. The Bank continues to evaluate its liquidity needs and has access to borrow funds through the PPPLF if deemed necessary.

From a credit risk and lending perspective, the Company has taken actions to identify and assess its COVID-19 related credit exposures based on asset class and borrower type. Through December 31, 2020, no specific COVID-19 related credit impairment was identified within the Company’s investment securities portfolio, including the Company’s municipal securities portfolio. With respect to the Company’s lending activities, the Company implemented customer payment deferral programs to assist both consumer and commercial borrowers that may be experiencing financial hardship due to COVID-19 related challenges, whereby short-term deferrals of payments (generally three to six months) have been provided. In relation to its consumer borrowers, as of December 31, 2020, the Company had COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferrals related to nine loans representing $2.6 million of the Company’s residential mortgage, home equity loans and lines of credit, and consumer loan balances, which is down from 110 loans representing $27.4 million as of June 30, 2020. In relation to its commercial borrowers, as of December 31, 2020, the Company had COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferrals related to 24 loans representing $40.6 million of the Company’s commercial loan balances, which is down from 144 loans representing $170.3 million as of June 30, 2020. Loans in deferment status will continue to accrue interest during the deferment period unless otherwise classified as nonperforming. Consistent with the CARES Act and industry regulatory guidance, borrowers that were otherwise current on loan payments that were granted COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferrals will continue to be reported as current loans throughout the agreed upon deferral period and not classified as troubled-debt restructured loans. Borrowers that were delinquent in their payments to the Bank prior to requesting a COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferral, were reviewed on a case by case basis for troubled debt restructure classification and non-performing loan status. In the instances where the Bank granted a payment deferral to a delinquent borrower, the borrower’s delinquency status was frozen as of March 20, 2020, and their loans will continue to be reported as delinquent during the deferment period based on their delinquency status as of March 20, 2020. Although the amount of loans in deferral status at December 31, 2020 has declined from June 30, 2020, there are borrowers continuing to experience COVID-19 related financial hardships. The Company anticipates that delinquent and nonperforming loans will increase in future periods as borrowers that continue to experience COVID-19 related financial hardships will be unable to continue loan payments consistent with their contractual obligations and the Company may be required to make additional provisions for loan losses.

The COVID-19 crisis is expected to continue to adversely impact the Company’s financial results, as well as demand for its services and products during the remainder of the fiscal year 2021 and beyond. The short and long-term implications of the COVID-19 crisis, and related monetary and fiscal stimulus measures, on the Company’s future operations, revenues, earnings results, allowance for loan losses, capital reserves, and liquidity are unknown at this time. At this point, the extent to which COVID-19 may impact our future financial condition or results of operations is uncertain and not currently estimable, however the impact could be adverse and material.

Mann Entities Related Fraudulent Activity

During the first fiscal quarter of 2020 (the quarter ending September 30, 2019), the Company became aware of potentially fraudulent activity associated with transactions by an established business customer of the Bank. The customer and various affiliated entities (collectively, the “Mann Entities”) had numerous accounts with the Bank. The transactions in question related both to deposit and lending activity with the Mann Entities.

For the fraudulent activity related to the Mann Entities, the Bank’s potential exposure with respect to its deposit activity was approximately $18.5 million. In the first fiscal quarter of 2020, the Bank exercised its rights pursuant to state and federal law and the relevant Mann Entity general deposit account agreements to take actions to set off/recover approximately $16.0 million from general deposit corporate operating accounts held by the Mann Entities at the Bank to partially cover overdrafts/negative account balances in Mann Entity general deposit corporate operating accounts that primarily resulted from another bank returning/calling back $15.6 million in checks on August 30, 2019, that the Mann Entities had deposited into and then withdrawn from their accounts at the Bank the day before.  In the first fiscal quarter of 2020, the Bank recognized a charge to non-interest expense in the amount of $2.5 million based on the net negative deposit balance of the various Mann Entities’ accounts after the setoffs/overdraft recoveries. Through the end of the second fiscal quarter of 2021, no additional charges to non-interest expense were recognized related to the deposit transactions with the Mann Entities.

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With respect to the Bank’s lending activity with the Mann Entities, its potential exposure was approximately $15.8 million (which represents the Bank’s participation interest in the approximately $35.8 million commercial loan relationships for which the Bank is the originating lender). In the fourth fiscal quarter of 2019, the Bank recognized a provision for loan losses in the amount of $15.8 million, related to the charge-off of the entire principal balance owed to the Bank related to the Mann Entities’ commercial loan relationships. During the third fiscal quarter of 2020 and the first fiscal quarter of 2021, the Bank recognized partial recoveries in the amount of $1.7 million and $34,000, respectively, related to the charge-off of the Mann Entities’ commercial loan relationships, which were credited to the allowance for loan losses. Through the end of the second fiscal quarter of 2021, no additional charges to the provision for loan losses were recognized related to the loan transactions with the Mann Entities.

Several other parties are asserting claims against the Company and the Bank related to the series of transactions between the Company or the Bank, on the one hand, and the Mann Entities, on the other. The Company and the Bank continue to investigate these matters and it is possible that the Company and the Bank will be subject to additional liabilities which may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The Company is pursuing all available sources of recovery and other means of mitigating the potential loss, and the Company and the Bank are vigorously defending all claims asserted against them arising out of or otherwise related to the fraudulent activity of the Mann Entities. For additional details regarding legal, other proceedings and related matters, see, “Part II – Other Information, Item 1 – Legal Proceedings” below.

Critical Accounting Policies

The discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations are based on our financial statements, which are prepared in conformity with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of income and expenses. We consider the accounting policies discussed below to be critical accounting policies. The estimates and assumptions that we use are based on historical experience and various other factors and are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, resulting in a change that could have a material impact on the carrying value of our assets and liabilities and our results of operations.

The Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”) contains provisions that, among other things, reduce certain reporting requirements for qualifying public companies. As an “emerging growth company” we may delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. We intend to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Accordingly, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

The following represent our critical accounting policies:

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is the amount estimated by management as necessary to absorb credit losses incurred in the loan portfolio that are both probable and reasonably estimable at the relevant balance sheet date. The amount of the allowance is based on significant estimates, and the ultimate losses may vary from such estimates as more information becomes available or conditions change. The methodology for determining the allowance for loan losses is considered a critical accounting policy by management due to the high degree of judgment involved, the subjectivity of the assumptions used and the potential for changes in the economic environment that could result in changes to the amount of the recorded allowance for loan losses. See Item 2 – “Recent Developments – COVID-19 Pandemic”.

As a substantial percentage of our loan portfolio is collateralized by real estate, appraisals of the underlying value of property securing loans are critical in determining the amount of the allowance required for specific loans. Assumptions are instrumental in determining the value of properties. Overly optimistic assumptions or negative changes to assumptions could significantly affect the valuation of a property securing a loan and the related allowance determined. Management carefully reviews the assumptions supporting such appraisals to determine that the resulting values reasonably reflect amounts realizable on the related loans.

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Management performs an evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses at least quarterly. We consider a variety of factors in establishing this estimate including, but not limited to, current economic conditions, delinquency statistics, geographic concentrations, the adequacy of the underlying collateral, the financial strength of the borrower, results of internal loan reviews and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates by management that may be susceptible to significant change based on changes in economic and real estate market conditions.

The evaluation has specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are deemed to be impaired and classified as special mention, substandard, doubtful, or loss. For such loans that are also classified as impaired, an allowance is generally established when the collateral value of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-classified loans, as well as classified loans that are not deemd to be impaired, and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors.

Actual loan losses may be significantly more than the allowance we have established which could have a material negative effect on our financial results.

Fair Value Measurements. The fair value of a financial instrument is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the particular asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. We estimate the fair value of a financial instrument and any related asset impairment using a variety of valuation methods. Where financial instruments are actively traded and have quoted market prices, quoted market prices as of the measurement date are used for fair value. When the financial instruments are not actively traded, other observable market inputs, such as quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data, may be used, if available, to determine fair value. When observable market prices do not exist, we estimate fair value. These estimates are subjective in nature and imprecision in estimating these factors can impact the amount of revenue or loss recorded.

Investment Securities. Available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities are reviewed by management on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant, for possible other-than-temporary impairment. In determining other-than-temporary impairment, management considers many factors, including the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospectus of the issuer, whether the market decline was affected by macroeconomic conditions and whether the Company has the intent to sell the debt security or more likely than not will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. A decline in value that is considered to be other-than-temporary is recorded as a loss within non-interest income in the statement of income. The assessment of whether other-than-temporary impairment exists involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment and is based on the information available to management at a point in time. In order to determine other-than-temporary impairment for mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations, we compare the present value of the remaining cash flows as estimated at the preceding evaluation date to the current expected remaining cash flows. Other-than-temporary impairment is deemed to have occurred if there has been an adverse change in the remaining expected future cash flows.

Pension Obligations.  We maintain a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan covering substantially all of our full-time employees. The benefits are developed from actuarial valuations and are based on the employee’s years of service and compensation. Actuarial assumptions such as interest rates, expected return on plan assets, turnover, mortality and rates of future compensation increases have a significant impact on the costs, assets and liabilities of the plan. Pension expense is the net of service cost, interest cost, return on plan assets and amortization of gains and losses not immediately recognized.

Legal Proceeding and Other Contingent Liabilities.  In the ordinary course of business, we are involved in a number of legal, regulatory, governmental and other proceedings or investigations concerning matters arising from the conduct of our business. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, particularly where the claimants seek large or indeterminate damages, we generally cannot predict the eventual outcome of the pending matters, timing of the ultimate resolution of these matters, or eventual loss, fines or penalties related to each pending matter. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, we establish an accrued liability when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and estimable. These estimates are based upon currently available information

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and are subject to significant judgment, a variety of assumptions and known and unknown uncertainties. Our estimates of potential losses will change over time and the actual losses may vary significantly, and there may be an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts accrued. As a matter develops, management, in conjunction with any outside counsel handling the matter, evaluate on an ongoing basis whether such matter presents a loss contingency that is probable and estimable; or where a loss is reasonably possible, whether in excess of a related accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability, whether it is possible to estimate a range of possible loss. Once the loss contingency is deemed to be both probable and estimable, we establish an accrued liability and record a corresponding amount of expense. We continue to monitor the matter for further developments that could affect the amount of the accrued liability that has been previously established.

Income Taxes. Income tax expense (benefit) is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for temporary differences between carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. We recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in other expense. A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. Management determines the need for a deferred tax valuation allowance based upon the realizability of tax benefits from the reversal of temporary differences creating the deferred tax assets, as well as the amounts of available open tax carrybacks, if any. At December 31, 2020, no valuation allowance was required.

We exercise significant judgment in evaluating the amount and timing of recognition of the resulting tax assets and liabilities. These judgments require us to make projections of future taxable income. The judgments and estimates we make in determining our deferred tax assets are inherently subjective and are reviewed on a regular basis as regulatory or business factors change. Any reduction in estimated future taxable income may require us to record a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. A valuation allowance that results in additional income tax expense in the period in which it is recognized would negatively affect earnings.

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Average Balances and Yields

The following tables set forth average balances, average yields and costs, and certain other information for the periods indicated. No tax-equivalent yield adjustments have been made, as the effects would be immaterial. All average balances are daily average balances. Non-accrual loans were included in the computation of average balances. The yields set forth below include the effect of deferred fees, discounts, and premiums that are amortized or accreted to interest income or interest expense, as applicable.

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,
	2020							2019
	Average					Average		Average					Average
	Outstanding					Yield/Cost		Outstanding					Yield/Cost
	Balance			Interest		(4)		Balance			Interest		(4)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Loans	$	1,129,503		$	10,896	3.88	%	$	1,072,962		$	12,691	4.78	%
Securities		130,533			279	0.85	%		97,476			574	2.36	%
Interest-earning deposits and other		165,174			63	0.15	%		112,736			565	2.00	%
Total interest-earning assets		1,425,210			11,238	3.17	%		1,283,174			13,830	4.34	%
Non-interest-earning assets		148,909							128,875
Total assets	$	1,574,119						$	1,412,049
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits	$	123,088		$	33	0.11	%	$	96,894		$	83	0.34	%
Savings deposits		265,337			35	0.05	%		235,202			31	0.05	%
Money market deposits		357,719			135	0.15	%		347,201			538	0.62	%
Certificates of deposit		104,575			338	1.29	%		130,408			603	1.85	%
Total interest-bearing deposits		850,719			541	0.25	%		809,705			1,255	0.62	%
Borrowings and other		3,214			18	2.24	%		3,648			22	2.41	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		853,933			559	0.26	%		813,353			1,277	0.62	%
Non-interest-bearing deposits		471,516							341,508
Other non-interest-bearing liabilities		23,260							32,111
Total liabilities		1,348,709							1,186,972
Total shareholders' equity		225,410							225,077
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	1,574,119						$	1,412,049
Net interest income				$	10,679						$	12,553
Net interest rate spread (1)						2.91	%						3.72	%
Net interest-earning assets (2)	$	571,277						$	469,821
Net interest margin (3)						3.01	%						3.94	%
Average interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities		166.90	%						157.76	%

(1) Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities.

(2) Net interest-earning assets represent total interest-earning assets less total interest-bearing liabilities.

(3) Net interest margin represents net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.

(4) Annualized.

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	For the Six Months Ended December 31,
	2020							2019
								(As Restated)
	Average					Average		Average					Average
	Outstanding					Yield/Cost		Outstanding					Yield/Cost
	Balance			Interest		(4)		Balance			Interest		(4)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Loans	$	1,134,740		$	21,560	3.80	%	$	1,059,981		$	25,841	4.89	%
Securities		111,496			610	1.09	%		98,365			1,196	2.43	%
Interest-earning deposits and other		157,362			134	0.17	%		119,434			1,378	2.30	%
Total interest-earning assets		1,403,598			22,304	3.18	%		1,277,780			28,415	4.46	%
Non-interest-earning assets		150,669							136,482
Total assets	$	1,554,267						$	1,414,262
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits	$	122,400		$	73	0.12	%	$	109,895		$	173	0.31	%
Savings deposits		263,093			70	0.05	%		239,084			63	0.05	%
Money market deposits		350,105			331	0.19	%		350,534			1,136	0.64	%
Certificates of deposit		108,142			753	1.39	%		130,140			1,177	1.80	%
Total interest-bearing deposits		843,740			1,227	0.29	%		829,653			2,549	0.61	%
Borrowings and other		4,384			47	2.14	%		4,669			55	2.35	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		848,124			1,274	0.30	%		834,322			2,604	0.62	%
Non-interest-bearing deposits		458,842							342,871
Other non-interest-bearing liabilities		22,749							22,428
Total liabilities		1,329,715							1,199,621
Total shareholders' equity		224,552							214,641
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	1,554,267						$	1,414,262
Net interest income				$	21,030						$	25,811
Net interest rate spread (1)						2.88	%						3.84	%
Net interest-earning assets (2)	$	555,474						$	443,458
Net interest margin (3)						2.99	%						4.05	%
Average interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities		165.49	%						153.15	%

(1) Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities.

(2) Net interest-earning assets represent total interest-earning assets less total interest-bearing liabilities.

(3) Net interest margin represents net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.

(4) Annualized.

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Rate/Volume Analysis

The following table presents the effects of changing rates and volumes on our net interest income for the periods indicated. The rate column shows the effects attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by prior volume). The volume column shows the effects attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior rate). The total column represents the sum of the prior two columns. For purposes of this table, changes attributable to both rate and volume, which cannot be segregated, have been allocated proportionately based on the changes due to rate and the changes due to volume.

	Three Months Ended December 31,						Six Months Ended December 31,
	2020 vs. 2019						2020 vs. 2019
							(As Restated)
					Total						Total
	Increase (Decrease) Due to				Increase		Increase (Decrease) Due to				Increase
	Volume		Rate		(Decrease)		Volume		Rate		(Decrease)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Loans	$	659	$	(2,454)	$	(1,795)	$	1,749	$	(6,030)	$	(4,281)
Securities		152		(447)		(295)		142		(728)		(586)
Interest-earning deposits and other		181		(683)		(502)		333		(1,577)		(1,244)
Total interest-earning assets		992		(3,584)		(2,592)		2,224		(8,335)		(6,111)
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits		18		(68)		(50)		18		(118)		(100)
Savings deposits		4		—		4		6		1		7
Money market deposits		16		(419)		(403)		(1)		(803)		(804)
Certificates of deposit		(105)		(160)		(265)		(15)		(410)		(425)
Total interest-bearing deposits		(67)		(647)		(714)		8		(1,330)		(1,322)
Borrowings and other		(3)		(1)		(4)		(3)		(5)		(8)
Total interest-bearing liabilities		(70)		(648)		(718)		5		(1,335)		(1,330)
Change in net interest income	$	1,062	$	(2,936)	$	(1,874)	$	2,219	$	(7,000)	$	(4,781)

Exclusive of the impact of PPP loans, the Company expects its third fiscal quarter of 2021 net interest margin to remain depressed due to the precipitous drop in the Federal Funds, Prime and LIBOR interest rates in the second half of fiscal 2020. Expected decreases in average interest earning asset yields are unlikely to be fully offset by expected decreases in the average cost of funds. Although the stated interest rate on PPP loans is fixed at 1.0%, timing of the Company’s recognition of the interest income on origination fees, net of deferred origination costs, on PPP loans is uncertain as to the period of recognition at this time and will likely cause interest earning asset yield volatility as loans are forgiven by the SBA.

Comparison of Financial Condition at December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020

Total Assets. Total assets increased $47.7 million, or 3.1%, to $1.6 billion at December 31, 2020 from $1.5 billion at June 30, 2020. The increase was due primarily to an increase of $54.7 million, or 72.2%, in securities available for sale as well as an increase of $39.1 million, or 24.9%, in cash and cash equivalents partially offset by a decrease of $36.9 million, or 3.2%, in net loans receivable.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Total cash and cash equivalents increased $39.1 million, or 24.9%, to $196.0 million at December 31, 2020 from $156.9 million at June 30, 2020. This increase resulted from net increases in deposits of $52.6 million during the six months ended December 31, 2020 primarily due to deposit customers continuing to increase cash balances during the COVID-19 pandemic.  

Securities Available for Sale. Total securities available for sale increased $54.7 million, or 72.2%, to $130.4 million at December 31, 2020 from $75.8 million at June 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to purchases of U.S Government and agency obligations and municipal obligations during the six months ended December 31, 2020.

Securities Held to Maturity. Total securities held to maturity increased $4.8 million, or 69.7%, to $11.6 million at December 31, 2020 from $6.8 million at June 30, 2020 primarily due to the purchase of a $5.0 million corporate debt

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security, as well as, purchases of other municipal obligations partially offset by scheduled maturities of municipal obligations during the six months ended December 31, 2020.

Equity Securities. Total equity securities decreased $6.0 million, or 71.0%, to $2.5 million at December 31, 2020 from $8.5 million at June 30, 2020 primarily due to the sale of various securities for proceeds of $7.5 million, partially offset by investment gains during the six months ended December 31, 2020.

Net Loans. Net loans of $1.11 billion at December 31, 2020 decreased $36.9 million, or 3.2%, from $1.15 billion at June 30, 2020. By loan category, commercial and industrial loans decreased by $44.8 million, or 18.9%, to $192.4 million at December 31, 2020 from $237.2 million at June 30, 2020 and home equity loans and lines of credit decreased by $3.2 million, or 4.1%, to $77.1 million at December 31, 2020 from $80.3 million at June 30, 2020. These decreases were somewhat offset by an increase in one-to four-family residential real estate loans of $7.2 million, or 2.6%, to $287.2 million at December 31, 2020 from $278.0 million at June 30, 2020, an increase in commercial construction loans of $3.0 million, or 3.3%, to $94.8 million at December 31, 2020 from $91.8 million at June 30, 2020 and an increase in commercial real estate loans of $2.0 million, or 0.4%, to $452.5 million at December 31, 2020 from $450.5 million at June 30, 2020. The decrease in commercial and industrial loans was related to forgiveness of PPP loans, as well as, paydowns and reduced line of credit utilization during the six months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in one- to four-family residential real estate loans was related to the purchasing of loan commitments from our partnership with a third party mortgage banking company. The increase in commercial construction loans was mainly related to funding of loan commitments.

Deposits. Total deposits increased $52.6 million, or 4.1%, to $1.32 billion at December 31, 2020 from $1.27 billion at June 30, 2020. The increase in deposits was primarily related to an increase in non-interest bearing demand accounts of $27.6 million, or 6.3%, to $465.1 million at December 31, 2020 from $437.5 million at June 30, 2020, an increase in interest-bearing demand accounts of $19.2 million, or 17.4%, to $130.0 million at December 31, 2020 from $110.7 million at June 30, 2020, an increase in savings accounts of $12.7 million, or 4.9%, to $271.3 million at December 31, 2020 from $258.6 million at June 30, 2020 and an increase in money market accounts of $12.4 million, or 3.6%, to $356.1 million at December 31, 2020 from $343.8 million at June 30, 2020. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in certificates of deposit of $19.3 million, or 16.2%, to $100.2 million at December 31, 2020 from $119.6 million at June 30, 2020. The increases in non-interest bearing demand accounts, interest-bearing demand accounts, savings accounts and money market accounts were primarily related to growth in consumer and commercial deposit relationships. The increase in demand and savings accounts was also due to deposit customers increasing cash balances during the COVID-19 pandemic. The decrease in certificates of deposit was primarily due to the maturity of certain large dollar accounts.

Total Shareholders’ Equity. Total shareholders’ equity increased $3.4 million, or 1.6%, to $227.4 million at December 31, 2020 from $224.0 million at June 30, 2020 primarily as a result from net income of $3.3 million for the six month period ended December 31, 2020.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019

General.  Net income decreased by $2.0 million to $1.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $3.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily due to a $1.9 million decrease in net interest income, and a $790,000 decrease in non-interest income partially offset by a $431,000 decrease in income tax expense, and a $308,000 decrease in non-interest expense.  

Interest and Dividend Income.  Interest and dividend income decreased $2.6 million, or 18.7%, to $11.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020, from $13.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 primarily due to decreases in interest income on loans, securities and interest-earning deposits. The decrease reflected a 117 basis points decrease in the average yield on interest-earning assets to 3.17% for the three months ended December 31, 2020, from 4.34% for the three months ended December 31, 2019 offset in part by a $142.0 million increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets.

Interest income on loans decreased $1.8 million, or 14.1%, to $10.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $12.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. Interest income on loans decreased primarily due to a 90 basis points decrease in the average yield on loans to 3.88% for the three months ended December 31, 2020

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from 4.78% for the three months ended December 31, 2019 offset by a $56.5 million increase in the average balance of loans to $1.1 billion for the three months ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in the average yield on loans was primarily due to the downward adjustment of interest rates on our existing adjustable-rate loans following the actions taken by the Federal Reserve to reduce short-term interest rates and the origination of PPP loans which have a 1.0% interest rate. The increase in the average balance of loans was due to the Company’s PPP loan originations, as well as, our continued effort to increase our commercial loan portfolio.

Interest income on securities decreased $295,000, or 51.4%, to $279,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $574,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019. Interest income on securities decreased due to a 151 basis points decrease in the average yield on securities to 0.85% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from 2.36% for the three months ended December 31, 2019 offset by a $33.0 million increase in the average balance of securities to $130.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $97.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in average yield of securities was due to scheduled maturities of higher yielding U.S. government and agency and municipal obligation securities, as well as, decreased market rates of interest for new securities that were purchased during the quarter ended December 31, 2020. The increase in the average balance of securities was due to increased purchases of U.S. government and agency and municipal obligation securities during the three months ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2019.

Interest income on interest-earning deposits decreased $502,000, or 88.8%, to $63,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $565,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease was due to a 185 basis points decrease in the average yield on interest-earning deposits to 0.15% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from 2.00% for the three months ended December 31, 2019. Interest income on interest-earning deposits decreased as average balances increased by $52.5 million to $165.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $112.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 due to increased balance sheet liquidity.

Interest Expense.  Interest expense decreased $718,000, or 56.2%, to $559,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $1.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 as a result of a decrease in interest expense on deposits. The decrease primarily reflected a 36 basis points decrease in the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities to 0.26% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from 0.62% for the three months ended December 31, 2019, offset by a $40.6 million increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities.

Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits decreased $714,000, or 56.9%, to $541,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $1.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits decreased primarily due to a 37 basis points decrease in the average cost on interest-bearing deposits to 0.25% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from 0.62% for the prior three months, offset by a $41.0 million increase in the average balance of deposits to $850.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $809.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in the average cost of deposits reflected a decline in the interest rate environment as the Company reduced rates on money market deposit accounts and demand deposit accounts, as well as, downward rate adjustments on maturing certificates of deposit. The increase in average balances of interest-bearing deposits was due to deposit customers increasing cash balances during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Net Interest Income.  Net interest income decreased $1.9 million, or 14.9%, to $10.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 compared to $12.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019.  The decrease reflected an 81 basis points decrease in the net interest rate spread to 2.91% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from 3.72% for the three months ended December 31, 2019, offset by a $101.5 million increase in the average balance of net interest-earning assets to $571.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $469.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019.  The net interest margin decreased 93 basis points to 3.01% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from 3.94% for the three months ended December 31, 2019.

Provision for Loan Losses.  We recorded a provision for loan losses of $1.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 compared to $1.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The increase in the provision was primarily due to an increase in specific reserves related to one commercial loan relationship of $829,000 during the second fiscal quarter of 2021, as well as, general provisions to account for credit trends identified within the commercial loan portfolio. Net charge-offs increased to $1.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020, compared to $26,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019. Net charge-offs for the three months ended December 31, 2020

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included the charge-off of two commercial loan borrower relationships totaling $1.6 million. Non-performing assets increased to $14.2 million, or 0.90% of total assets, at December 31, 2020, compared to $11.2 million, or 0.80% of total assets, at December 31, 2019. The allowance for loan losses was $23.4 million, or 2.06% of net loans outstanding, at December 31, 2020 as compared to $16.5 million, or 1.51% of net loans outstanding, at December 31, 2019.

Non-Interest Income.  Non-interest income decreased $790,000, or 14.3%, to $4.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $5.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease of $654,000 in bank fees and service charges and a $510,000 decrease in bank-owned life insurance, which was partially offset by a $467,000 increase in the net gain on equity securities. Bank fees and service charges decreased primarily due to less commercial loan fees and a decrease in deposit service charges due to a drop in transaction activity related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The decrease in bank-owned life insurance is primarily due to proceeds from a death benefit during the three months ended December 31, 2019, as well as, plan expenses exceeding investment income during the three months ended December 31, 2020 as a result of the lower interest rate environment. The increase in net gain on equity securities during the three months ended December 31, 2020 was due to the increase in market value of our equity securities as compared to the same prior year period.

Non-Interest Expense.  Non-interest expense decreased $308,000, or 2.6%, to $11.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $11.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. Professional fees decreased mainly due to a decrease in expenses related to the Mann Entities matters. The decrease in non-interest expense was partially offset by an increase in FDIC insurance premiums related to Small Bank Assessment Credits for the three months ended December 30, 2019 which offset the premium expense for that period.

Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense decreased $431,000 to $554,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2020 from $985,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 due to the decrease in income before income taxes. Our effective tax rate was 22.6% for the three months ended December 31, 2020 compared to 20.4% for the three months ended December 31, 2019.  

Comparison of Operating Results for the Six Months Ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019

General.  Net income increased by $416,000 to $3.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $2.9 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019.  The increase was due to a $7.0 million decrease in non-interest expense, offset by a $4.8 million decrease in net interest income, a $1.1 million decrease in non-interest income, and a $470,000 increase in income tax expense.  

Interest and Dividend Income.  Interest and dividend income decreased $6.1 million, or 21.5%, to $22.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020, from $28.4 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019 primarily due to decreases in interest income on loans, securities and interest-earning deposits. The decrease reflected a 128 basis points decrease in the average yield on interest-earning assets to 3.18% for the six months ended December 31, 2020, from 4.46% for the six months ended December 31, 2019, offset by a $125.8 million increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets.

Interest income on loans decreased $4.2 million, or 16.6%, to $21.6 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $25.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019. Interest income on loans decreased primarily due to a 109 basis points decrease in the average yield on loans to 3.80% for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from 4.89% for the six months ended December 31, 2019, offset by a $74.8 million increase in the average balance of loans to $1.1 billion for the six months ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the six months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in the average yield on loans was primarily due to the downward adjustment of interest rates on our existing adjustable-rate loans following the actions taken by the Federal Reserve to reduce short-term interest rates and the origination of PPP loans which have a 1.0% interest rate. The increase in the average balance of loans was due to the Company’s PPP loan originations, as well as, our continued effort to increase our commercial loan portfolio.

Interest income on securities decreased $586,000, or 49.0%, to $610,000 for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $1.2 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019. Interest income on securities decreased due to a 134 basis points decrease in the average yield on securities to 1.09% for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from 2.43% for the six months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in average yield of securities was partially offset by a $13.1

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million increase in the average balance of securities to $111.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $98.4 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in average yield of securities was due to scheduled maturities of higher yielding U.S. government and agency and municipal obligation securities, as well as, decreased market rates of interest for new securities that were purchased during the six months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in the average balance of securities was due to increased purchases of U.S. government and agency and municipal obligation securities during the six months ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the six months ended December 31, 2019.

Interest income on interest-earning deposits decreased $1.3 million, or 90.3%, to $134,000 for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $1.4 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019. Interest income on interest-earning deposits decreased due to a 213 basis points decrease in the average yield on interest-earning deposits to 0.17% for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from 2.30% for the six months ended December 31, 2019.  The decrease in average yield was offset by an increase in average balances by $38.0 million to $157.4 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $119.4 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019 due to increased balance sheet liquidity.

Interest Expense.  Interest expense decreased $1.3 million, or 51.1%, to $1.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $2.6 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019 as a result of a decrease in interest expense on deposits. The decrease primarily reflected a 32 basis points decrease in the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities to 0.30% for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from 0.62% for the six months ended December 31, 2019, offset by a $13.8 million increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities.

Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits decreased $1.3 million, or 51.9%, to $1.2 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $2.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019. Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits decreased due to a 32 basis points decrease in the average cost on interest-bearing deposits to 0.29% for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from 0.61% for the prior six months, offset by a $14.0 million increase in the average balance of deposits to $843.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $829.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in the average cost of deposits reflected a decline in the interest rate environment as the Company reduced rates on money market deposit accounts and demand deposit accounts, as well as, downward rate adjustments on maturing certificates of deposit. The increase in average balances of interest-bearing deposits was due to deposit customers increasing cash balances during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Net Interest Income.  Net interest income decreased $4.8 million, or 18.5%, to $21.0 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 compared to $25.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019.  The decrease reflected a 96 basis points decrease in the net interest rate spread to 2.88% for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from 3.84% for the six months ended December 31, 2019, offset by a $112.0 million increase in the average balance of net interest-earning assets to $555.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $443.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019.  The net interest margin decreased 106 basis points to 2.99% for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from 4.05% for the six months ended December 31, 2019.

Provision for Loan Losses.  We recorded provisions for loan losses of $2.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 compared to $2.1 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019. The increase in the provision was primarily due to an increase in specific reserves related to one commercial loan relationship of $829,000 during the second fiscal quarter of 2021, as well as, general provisions to account for credit trends identified within the commercial loan portfolio. Net charge-offs increased to $1.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020, compared to $96,000 for the six months ended December 31, 2019. Net charge-offs for the six months ended December 31, 2020 included the charge-off of two commercial loan borrower relationships totaling $1.6 million. Loans past due 30-89 days increased $9.8 million to $16.5 million at December 31, 2020 from $6.7 million at June 30, 2020 mainly due to increases in delinquent commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans. Non-performing assets increased to $14.2 million, or 0.90% of total assets, at December 31, 2020, compared to $11.2 million, or 0.80% of total assets, at December 31, 2019. The allowance for loan losses was $23.4 million, or 2.06% of net loans outstanding, at December 31, 2020 compared to $16.5 million, or 1.51% of net loans outstanding, at December 31, 2019.

Non-Interest Income.  Non-interest income decreased $1.1 million, or 12.0%, to $8.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $9.4 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019.  The decrease was primarily

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due to a decrease of $1.8 million in bank fees and service charges, and a $531,000 decrease in Bank-owned life insurance, offset by a $1.1 million increase in the net gain on equity securities. Bank fees and service charges decreased primarily due to less commercial loan fees and a decrease in deposit service charges due to a drop in transaction activity related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The decrease in bank-owned life insurance was primarily due to proceeds from a death benefit during the six months ended December 31, 2019. The increase in the net gain on equity securities during the six months ended December 31, 2020 was due to the increase in market value of our equity securities as compared to the same prior year period.

Non-Interest Expense.  Non-interest expense decreased $7.0 million, or 23.5%, to $22.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $29.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019. The $7.0 million decrease was primarily the result of the $5.4 million contribution of stock and cash to the Pioneer Bank Charitable Foundation in conjunction with our minority stock issuance, and a $2.5 million charge based on the net negative deposit balance of the various Mann Entities’ accounts after the setoffs/overdraft recoveries for the six months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in non-interest expense was partially offset by an increase in FDIC insurance premiums related to Small Bank Assessment Credits for the six months ended December 31, 2019 which offset the premium expense for that period.

Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense increased $470,000 to $857,000 for the six months ended December 31, 2020 from $387,000 for the six months ended December 31, 2019 due to an increase in income before income taxes. Our effective tax rate was 20.7% for the six months ended December 31, 2020 compared to 11.9% for the six months ended December 31, 2019.

Asset Quality and Allowance for Loan Losses

Asset Quality. Loans are reviewed on a regular basis. Management determines that a loan is impaired or non-performing when it is probable that at least a portion of the loan will not be collected in accordance with the original terms due to a deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower or the value of the underlying collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. When a loan is determined to be impaired, the measurement of the loan in the allowance for loan losses is based on the present value of expected future cash flows, except that all collateral-dependent loans are measured for impairment based on the fair value of the collateral. Non-accrual loans are loans for which collectability is questionable and, therefore, interest on such loans will no longer be recognized on an accrual basis. All loans that become 90 days or more delinquent are placed on non-accrual status unless the loan is well secured and is in the process of collection. When loans are placed on non-accrual status, unpaid accrued interest is fully reversed, and further income is recognized only to the extent received on a cash basis or cost recovery method. See Item 2 – “Recent Developments – COVID-19 Pandemic.”

When we acquire real estate as a result of foreclosure, the real estate is classified as real estate owned. The real estate owned is recorded at the lower of carrying amount or fair market value, less estimated costs to sell. Any excess of the recorded value of the loan over the fair market value of the property is charged against the allowance for loan losses, or, if the existing allowance is inadequate, charged to expense in the current period. After acquisition, all costs incurred in maintaining the property are expensed. Costs relating to the development and improvement of the property, however, are capitalized to the extent of estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell.

A loan is classified as a troubled debt restructuring if, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, we grant a concession to the borrower that we would not otherwise consider. This usually includes a modification of loan terms, such as a reduction of the interest rate to below market terms, capitalizing past due interest or extending the maturity date and possibly a partial forgiveness of the principal amount due. Interest income on restructured loans is accrued after the borrower demonstrates the ability to pay under the restructured terms through a sustained period of repayment performance, which is generally six consecutive months.

Pursuant to the CARES Act and as further modified by the 2021 Appropriations Act, financial institutions have the option to temporarily suspend certain requirements under GAAP related to troubled debt restructurings for a limited period of time to account for the effects of COVID-19. This provision allows a financial institution the option to not apply the guidance on accounting for troubled debt restructurings to loan modifications, such as extensions or deferrals, related to COVID-19 made between March 1, 2020 and the earlier of (i) January 1, 2022 or (ii) 60 days after the end of the

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COVID-19 national emergency. The relief can only be applied to modifications for borrowers that were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. The Bank elected to adopt these provisions of the CARES Act.

The table below sets forth the amounts and categories of our non-performing assets at the dates indicated. There were no non-accruing troubled debt restructurings as of December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020.

	At			At
	December 31,			June 30,
	2020			2020
	(Dollars in thousands)
Non-accrual loans:
Commercial real estate	$	3,281		$	3,364
Commercial and industrial		1,261			95
Commercial construction		1,319			1,319
One- to four-family residential real estate		5,104			4,807
Home equity loans and lines of credit		2,177			1,865
Consumer		199			210
Total non-accrual loans		13,341			11,660
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more:
Commercial real estate		632			143
Commercial and industrial		30			1,455
Commercial construction		—			—
One- to four-family residential real estate		—			—
Home equity loans and lines of credit		14			—
Consumer		45			12
Total accruing loans past due 90 days or more		721			1,610
Real estate owned:
Commercial real estate		—			99
Commercial and industrial		—			—
Commercial construction		—			—
One- to four-family residential real estate		161			161
Home equity loans and lines of credit		—			—
Consumer		—			—
Total real estate owned		161			260
Total non-performing assets	$	14,223		$	13,530
Total accruing troubled debt restructured loans	$	2,200		$	2,200
Total non-performing loans to total loans		1.24	%		1.13	%
Total non-performing assets to total assets		0.90	%		0.89	%

Non-accrual loans increased $1.7 million to $13.3 million at December 31, 2020 from June 30, 2020 primarily due to one commercial and industrial loan relationship totaling $1.2 million that was placed on non-accrual status during the quarter ended December 31, 2020. The aforementioned $1.2 million commercial and industrial loan relationship was allocated a $836,000 specific allowance in the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2020. Accruing loans past due 90 days or more decreased $889,000 to $721,000 at December 31, 2020 from $1.6 milion at June 30, 2020 primarily due to one commercial and industrial loan totaling $1.4 million that paid off during the first fiscal quarter of 2021, partially offset by an increase in commercial real estate loans of $489,000 to $632,000 at December 31, 2020 from $143,000 at June 30, 2020 related to one commercial real estate loan.

Classified Assets. Federal regulations provide for the classification of loans and other assets, such as debt and equity securities considered to be of lesser quality, as “substandard,” “doubtful” or “loss.”  An asset is considered “substandard” if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. “Substandard” assets include those characterized by the “distinct possibility” that the insured institution will sustain “some loss” if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified “substandard,” with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make “collection or liquidation in full,” on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, “highly questionable and improbable.”  Assets classified as “loss” are those considered “uncollectible” and of such little value that their continuance as assets without the establishment of a specific loss allowance is not warranted. Assets which do not currently expose the insured

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institution to sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the aforementioned categories but possess weaknesses are designated as “special mention.”

When an insured institution classifies problem assets as either substandard or doubtful, it may establish general allowances in an amount deemed prudent by management to cover probable accrued losses. General allowances represent loss allowances which have been established to cover probable accrued losses associated with lending activities, but which, unlike specific allowances, have not been allocated to particular problem assets. When an insured institution classifies problem assets as “loss,” it is required either to establish a specific allowance for losses equal to 100% of that portion of the asset so classified or to charge-off such amount. An institution’s determination as to the classification of its assets and the amount of its valuation allowances is subject to review by the regulatory authorities, which may require the establishment of additional general or specific loss allowances.

The following table sets forth our amounts of all classified loans and loans designated as special mention as of December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020.

	At		At
	December 31,		June 30,
	2020		2020
	(In thousands)
Classification of Loans:
Substandard	$	29,688	$	31,234
Doubtful		—		53
Loss		—		—
Total Classified Loans	$	29,688	$	31,287
Special Mention	$	35,471	$	6,499

In total, classified loans decreased by $1.6 million to $29.7 million at December 31, 2020 from $31.3 million at June 30, 2020, primarily related to charge-offs of two commercial and industrial loan relationships in the second fiscal quarter of 2021.

Total special mention commercial loans increased $29.0 million to $35.5 million at December 31, 2020 from $6.5 million at June 30, 2020 primarily due to three commercial real estate loan relationships in the accommodation and food service industry totaling $7.9 million, $6.6 million and $6.3 million, respectively, as well as, one commercial real estate loan relationship in the arts and recreation industry totaling $6.8 million that were continuing to experience COVID-19 related financial hardships.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level which, in management’s judgment, is adequate to absorb probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The amount of the allowance is based on management’s evaluation of the collectability of the loan portfolio, including the nature of the portfolio, credit concentrations, trends in historical loss experience, specific impaired loans, and economic conditions. Allowances for loans that are individually classified as impaired are generally determined based on collateral values or the present value of estimated cash flows. Because of uncertainties associated with national and regional economic conditions, collateral values, and future cash flows on impaired loans, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is reasonably possible that management’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio and the related allowance may change materially in the near-term. The allowance is increased by a provision for loan losses, which is charged to expense and reduced by full and partial charge-offs, net of recoveries. Changes in the allowance relating to impaired loans are charged or credited to the provision for loan losses. Management’s periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance is based on various factors, including, but not limited to, historical loss experience, current economic conditions, delinquency statistics, geographic and industry concentrations, the adequacy of the underlying collateral, the financial strength of the borrower, results of internal loan reviews and other qualitative and quantitative factors which could affect potential credit losses.

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In addition, the New York State Department of Financial Services (the “NYSDFS”) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation periodically review our allowance for loan losses and as a result of such reviews, we may have to materially adjust our allowance for loan losses or recognize further loan charge-offs.

The following table sets forth activity in our allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated.

	At or for the
	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2020			2019
				(As Restated)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Allowance at beginning of period	$	22,851		$	14,499
Provision for loan losses		2,300			2,090
Charge offs:
Commercial real estate		—			1
Commercial and industrial		1,558			4
Commercial construction		—			—
One- to four-family residential real estate		108			19
Home equity loans and lines of credit		51			—
Consumer		110			90
Total charge-offs		1,827			114
Recoveries:
Commercial real estate		—			—
Commercial and industrial		59			—
Commercial construction		—			—
One- to four-family residential real estate		—			—
Home equity loans and lines of credit		—			1
Consumer		10			17
Total recoveries		69			18
Net charge-offs		1,758			96
Allowance at end of period	$	23,393		$	16,493
Allowance to non-performing loans		166.31	%		148.77	%
Allowance to total loans outstanding at the end of the period		2.06	%		1.51	%
Net charge-offs to average loans outstanding during the period		0.31	%(1)		0.02	%(1)

(1) Annualized.

The six months ended December 31, 2020 included charge-offs in the amount of $1.6 million of commercial and industrial loans.

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Loan Deferrals Related to COVID-19 Pandemic. The direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in dramatic reductions in the level of economic activity in the Company’s market area, as well as in the national and global economies and financial markets, and have severely hampered the ability for certain businesses and consumers to meet their current repayment obligations.

In the table below, the commercial loan portfolio is presented by industry sector with loan deferrals as the result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In accordance with the CARES Act, the deferrals listed below are not considered troubled debt restructurings.  The commercial loan industry sector balances and deferrals are as of December 31, 2020.

	Loans by Industry Sector				Deferrals as of December 31, 2020
			Percentage of				Percentage of		Percentage of
	December 31, 2020		Commercial				Industry		Commercial
	Balance		Loans		Balance		Sector		Loans
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial Loans:
Real estate
Residential real estate, including lessors of residential buildings	$	139,318	18.9	%	$	8,814	6.3	%	1.3	%
Non-residential real estate
Office		63,924	8.6	%		—	0.0	%	0.0	%
Retail		73,148	9.9	%		3,317	4.5	%	0.4	%
Industrial		25,401	3.4	%		—	0.0	%	0.0	%
Self-storage		6,812	0.9	%		—	0.0	%	0.0	%
Mixed use		25,188	3.4	%		864	3.4	%	0.1	%
Other real estate		31,359	4.2	%		—	0.0	%	0.0	%
Total real estate		365,150	49.3	%		12,995	3.6	%	1.8	%
Construction		116,077	15.7	%		—	0.0	%	0.0	%
Accommodation and food service		68,917	9.3	%		25,933	37.6	%	3.5	%
Retail trade		33,698	4.6	%		930	2.8	%	0.1	%
Wholesale trade		22,035	3	%		—	0.0	%	0.0	%
Finance and insurance		13,412	1.8	%		—	0.0	%	0.0	%
Healthcare and social assistance		21,455	2.9	%		—	0.0	%	0.0	%
Manufacturing		18,650	2.5	%		709	3.8	%	0.1	%
Arts, entertainment and recreation		11,774	1.6	%		—	0.0	%	0.0	%
Other		68,509	9.3	%		—	0.0	%	0.0	%
Total commercial loans	$	739,677	100.0	%	$	40,567	5.5	%	5.5	%

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had in relation to its commercial borrowers COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferrals related to 24 loans representing $40.6 million of the Company’s commercial loan balances, which is down from 144 loans representing $170.3 million as of June 30, 2020.

In the table below, the residential mortgage, home equity loans and lines, and consumer loan portfolios are presented with loan deferrals as the result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In accordance with the CARES Act, the deferrals listed below are not considered troubled debt restructurings.  The loan portfolio balances and deferrals are as of December 31, 2020:

	Loans by Portfolio		Deferrals as of December 31, 2020
	December 31, 2020				Percentage of
	Balance		Balance		Loan Category
	(Dollars in thousands)
Residential mortgages	$	287,176	$	2,580	0.9	%
Home equity loans and lines		77,068		—	0.0	%
Consumer		29,222		—	0.0	%

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had in relation to its consumer borrowers COVID-19 related financial hardship payment deferrals related to nine loans representing $2.6 million of the Company’s residential mortgage, home

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equity loans and lines of credit, and consumer loan balances, which is down from 110 loans representing $27.4 million as of June 30, 2020.

Although the amount of commercial and consumer loans in deferral status at December 31, 2020 has declined from June 30, 2020, there are borrowers continuing to experience COVID-19 related financial hardships. The Company anticipates that delinquent and nonperforming loans will increase in future periods as borrowers that continue to experience COVID-19 related financial hardships will be unable to continue loan payments consistent with their contractual obligations and the Company may be required to make additional provisions for loan losses.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity. Liquidity describes our ability to meet the financial obligations that arise in the ordinary course of business. Liquidity is primarily needed to meet the borrowing and deposit withdrawal requirements of our customers and to fund current and planned expenditures. Our primary sources of funds are deposits, principal and interest payments on loans and securities, and proceeds from calls, maturities and sales of securities. We also have the ability to borrow from the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York. At December 31, 2020, we had the ability to borrow up to $369.1 million, of which none was utilized for borrowings and $145.0 million was utilized as collateral for letters of credit issued to secure municipal deposits. At December 31, 2020, we also had a $20.0 million unsecured line of credit with a correspondent bank with no outstanding balance. We cannot predict what the impact of the events described in “Recent Developments – COVID-19 Pandemic and Mann Entities Related Fraudulent Activity” above may have on our Liquidity and Capital Resources beyond the second quarter of fiscal 2021.

The board of directors is responsible for establishing and monitoring our liquidity targets and strategies in order to ensure that sufficient liquidity exists for meeting the borrowing needs and deposit withdrawals of our customers as well as unanticipated contingencies. We believe that we had enough sources of liquidity to satisfy our short and long-term liquidity needs as of December 31, 2020.

While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and securities are predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions, and competition. Our most liquid assets are cash and cash equivalents. The levels of these assets are dependent on our operating, financing, lending and investing activities during any period. At December 31, 2020, cash and cash equivalents totaled $196.0 million. Securities classified as available-for-sale, which provide additional sources of liquidity, totaled $130.4 million at December 31, 2020.

We are committed to maintaining a strong liquidity position. We monitor our liquidity position on a daily basis. We anticipate that we will have sufficient funds to meet our current funding commitments. Certificates of deposit due within one year of December 31, 2020 totaled $60.2 million, or 4.55%, of total deposits. If these deposits do not remain with us, we will be required to seek other sources of funds, including other deposits and Federal Home Loan Bank of New York advances. Depending on market conditions, we may be required to pay higher rates on such deposits or borrowings than we currently pay. We believe, however, based on past experience that a significant portion of such deposits will remain with us. We have the ability to attract and retain deposits by adjusting the interest rates offered.

Capital Resources. We are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by NYSDFS and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. At December 31, 2020, we exceeded all applicable regulatory capital requirements, and were considered “well capitalized” under regulatory guidelines.

The Bank and Pioneer Commercial Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, banks must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgements by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

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Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank and Pioneer Commercial Bank to maintain minimum capital amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to average assets (as defined), and common equity Tier 1, Tier 1 and total capital (as defined) to risk-weighted assets (as defined). Under Basel III rules, banks must hold a capital conservation buffer above the adequately capitalized risk-based capital ratios in order to avoid limitations on distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments to executive officers. The required capital conservation buffer is 2.50%.

As a result of the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, the federal banking agencies developed a "Community Bank Leverage Ratio" (the ratio of a bank's tier 1 capital to average total consolidated assets) for financial institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. A "qualifying community bank" that exceeds this ratio will be deemed to be in compliance with all other capital and leverage requirements, including the capital requirements to be considered “well capitalized” under Prompt Corrective Action statutes. The federal banking agencies may consider a financial institution's risk profile when evaluating whether it qualifies as a community bank for purposes of the capital ratio requirement. The federal banking agencies have set the Community Bank Leverage Ratio at 9%. Pursuant to the CARES Act, the federal banking agencies issued rules to set the Community Bank Leverage Ratio at 8% beginning in the second calendar quarter of 2020 through the end of 2020. Beginning in 2021, the Community Bank Leverage Ratio will increase to 8.5% for the calendar year. Community banks will have until January 1, 2022, before the Community Bank Leverage Ratio requirement will return to 9%. A financial institution can elect to be subject to this new definition. The rule took effect on January 1, 2020. The Bank and Pioneer Commercial Bank did not elect to become subject to the Community Bank Leverage Ratio.

As of December 31, 2020, the Bank and Pioneer Commercial Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they were subject. Further, the most recent FDIC notification categorized the Bank and Pioneer Commercial Bank as well capitalized institutions under the prompt corrective action regulations. There have been no conditions or events since the notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s or Pioneer Commercial Bank’s capital classification.

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The actual capital amounts and ratios for the Bank and Pioneer Commercial Bank are presented in the following tables (dollars in thousands):

													To be Well
									For Capital				Capitalized Under
					For Capital				Adequacy Purposes				Prompt
	Actual				Adequacy Purposes				with Capital Buffer				Corrective Action
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
Pioneer Bank:
As of December 31, 2020
Tier 1 (leverage) capital	$	179,035	11.43	%	$	62,653	4.00	%		N/A	N/A		$	78,317	5.00	%
Risk-based capital
Common Tier 1	$	179,035	16.19	%	$	49,749	4.50	%	$	77,387	7.00	%	$	71,859	6.50	%
Tier 1	$	179,035	16.19	%	$	66,332	6.00	%	$	93,970	8.50	%	$	88,442	8.00	%
Total	$	192,973	17.46	%	$	88,442	8.00	%	$	116,081	10.50	%	$	110,553	10.00	%
As of June 30, 2020
Tier 1 (leverage) capital	$	175,424	11.53	%	$	60,868	4.00	%		N/A	N/A		$	76,085	5.00	%
Risk-based capital
Common Tier 1	$	175,424	15.33	%	$	51,503	4.50	%	$	80,115	7.00	%	$	74,393	6.50	%
Tier 1	$	175,424	15.33	%	$	68,670	6.00	%	$	97,283	8.50	%	$	91,561	8.00	%
Total	$	189,835	16.59	%	$	91,561	8.00	%	$	120,173	10.50	%	$	114,451	10.00	%

													To be Well
									For Capital				Capitalized Under
					For Capital				Adequacy Purposes				Prompt
	Actual				Adequacy Purposes				with Capital Buffer				Corrective Action
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
Pioneer Commercial Bank:
As of December 31, 2020
Tier 1 (leverage) capital	$	27,928	8.39	%	$	13,323	4.00	%		N/A	N/A		$	16,654	5.00	%
Risk-based capital
Common Tier 1	$	27,928	51.36	%	$	2,447	4.50	%	$	3,806	7.00	%	$	3,535	6.50	%
Tier 1	$	27,928	51.36	%	$	3,263	6.00	%	$	4,622	8.50	%	$	4,350	8.00	%
Total	$	27,928	51.36	%	$	4,350	8.00	%	$	5,710	10.50	%	$	5,438	10.00	%
As of June 30, 2020
Tier 1 (leverage) capital	$	27,144	8.11	%	$	13,388	4.00	%		N/A	N/A		$	16,736	5.00	%
Risk-based capital
Common Tier 1	$	27,144	45.91	%	$	2,661	4.50	%	$	4,139	7.00	%	$	3,843	6.50	%
Tier 1	$	27,144	45.91	%	$	3,548	6.00	%	$	5,026	8.50	%	$	4,730	8.00	%
Total	$	27,144	45.91	%	$	4,730	8.00	%	$	6,209	10.50	%	$	5,913	10.00	%

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. We are a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. The financial instruments include commitments to originate loans, unused lines of credit and standby letters of credit, which involve elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated statements of condition. Our exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual amount of the instruments. We use the same credit policies in making commitments as we do for on-balance sheet instruments.

At December 31, 2020, we had $266.9 million of commitments to originate or purchase loans, comprised of $178.4 million of commitments under commercial loans and lines of credit (including $25.7 million of unadvanced portions of commercial construction loans), $50.0 million of commitments under home equity loans and lines of credit, $30.4 million of commitments to purchase one- to four-family residential real estate loans and $8.1 million of unfunded commitments under consumer lines of credit. In addition, at December 31, 2020, the Company had $28.0 million in standby letters of credit outstanding.

Contractual Obligations. In the ordinary course of our operations, we enter into certain contractual obligations. Such obligations include data processing services, operating leases for premises and equipment, agreements with respect to borrowed funds and deposit liabilities.

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

Our consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. GAAP generally requires the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without consideration for changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of our operations. Unlike industrial companies, our assets and liabilities are primarily monetary in nature. As a result, changes in market interest rates have a greater impact on performance than the effects of inflation.

Item 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

A smaller reporting company is not required to provide the information relating to this item.

Item 4 – Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our financial reporting disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of December 31, 2020. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, solely as a result of the material weakness in internal

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control over financial reporting described below, which continued to exist as of December 31. 2020, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2020.

Previously Disclosed Material Weakness

The Company disclosed in Item 9A - Controls and Procedures in its Annual Report on Form 10-K/A (“Item 9A”) for the year ended June 30, 2020, that it had identified a technical accounting shortcoming in its internal control over financial reporting associated with review of significant loans that were both modified and identified as impaired subsequent to quarter end but prior to the financial statements being issued. Under SEC accounting rules, this is also labeled a “material weakness.” Specifically, the Company did not design and maintain effective internal control over the assessment of the accounting for significant subsequent event loan modifications, including the determination of whether a modification results in a new loan. To be clear, this relates solely to the Company’s internal control over financial reporting in Item 9A and does not affect or relate to either the Company’s compliance with laws or regulations or the Company’s operations (e.g., credit underwriting, loan issuance, loan servicing, disclosure of information to contractual counterparties, deposit management, collection/retention of funds, account management, compliance with Anti-Money Laundering policies or any other operational policies).

Management’s Financial Reporting Remediation Initiatives

In order to remediate the material weakness, management has commenced the redesign of specific processes and controls associated with review of the financial reporting of significant subsequent event loan modifications, including a quarterly identification and review of significant loan modifications occurring subsequent to quarter end but prior to the financial statements being issued, to ensure that the relevant accounting implications are identified and considered.

Management is committed to maintaining a strong internal control environment and believes this remediation effort will represent an improvement in existing controls. Management anticipates that the new controls, as implemented and when tested for a sufficient period of time, will remediate the material weakness. As we continue to evaluate and work to improve our internal control over financial reporting, we may determine to take additional measures to address control deficiencies or modify certain activities of the remediation measures described above.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes made in our internal controls during the quarter ended December 31, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1 – Legal Proceedings

In the ordinary course of business, we are involved in a number of legal, regulatory, governmental and other proceedings or investigations concerning matters arising from the conduct of our business, including the matters described below. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, particularly where the claimants seek large or indeterminate damages, we generally cannot predict the eventual outcome of the pending matters, timing of the ultimate resolution of these matters, or eventual loss, fines or penalties related to each pending matter. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, we establish an accrued liability when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and estimable. These estimates are based upon currently available information and are subject to significant judgment, a variety of assumptions and known and unknown uncertainties. Our estimates of potential losses will change over time and the actual losses may vary significantly, and there may be an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts accrued. As a matter develops, we, in conjunction with any outside counsel handling the matter, evaluate on an ongoing basis whether such matter presents a loss contingency that is probable and estimable; or where a loss is reasonably possible, whether in excess of a related accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability, whether it is possible to estimate a range of possible loss. Once the loss contingency is deemed to be both probable and estimable, we establish an accrued liability and record a corresponding amount of expense. We continue to monitor the matter for further developments that could affect the amount of the accrued liability that has been previously established.    

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Information is provided below regarding the nature of the matters and associated claimed damages. The amount of reasonably possible losses for the matters described below cannot be estimated at this time. The Company and the Bank are defending each of these matters vigorously, and the Company believes that it and the Bank have substantial defenses, including affirmative defenses, counterclaims and cross-claims to the various allegations that have been asserted. Based on current knowledge, other than disclosed below, we are not a party to any pending legal or other proceedings that we believe would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. In light of the significant judgment, variety of assumptions and uncertainties involved in these matters, some of which are beyond our control, and the large or indeterminate damages sought in some of these matters, an adverse outcome in one or more of these matters could have an adverse material impact on our business, prospects, results of operations for any particular reporting period, or cause significant reputational harm.

On October 31, 2019, Southwestern Payroll Services, Inc. (“Southwestern”) filed a complaint against the Company and the Bank (“Pioneer Parties”), Michael T. Mann, Valuewise Corporation, MyPayrollHR, LLC and Cloud Payroll, LLC (collectively, the “Mann Parties”) in the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York. The complaint alleged that the Pioneer Parties (i) wrongfully converted certain funds belonging to Southwestern, (ii) engaged in fraudulent and wrongful collection and retention of funds belonging to Southwestern, and (iii) committed gross negligence and that Southwestern is entitled to a constructive trust limiting how the Pioneer Parties distribute the funds in question, which are about $9.8 million. On November 26, 2019, the Pioneer Parties moved to dismiss Southwestern’s fraud claim, which also postponed the Pioneer Parties’ deadline to file an answer until 14 days after the court decided the motion to dismiss. On December 10, 2019, Southwestern filed a response to the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss and an amended complaint, which rendered the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss moot. The amended complaint named several additional corporate entities affiliated with the Mann Parties as co-defendants and asserted claims against the Pioneer Parties for declaratory judgment, conversion, actual and constructive fraud, gross negligence, unjust enrichment and constructive trust, and an accounting. The amended complaint sought a monetary judgment of at least $9.8 million. Each party has filed numerous motions in the proceedings. On January 10, 2020, the Pioneer Parties moved again to dismiss Southwestern’s fraud claim in the amended complaint, which also postponed the Pioneer Parties’ deadline to file an answer to the amended complaint until 14 days after the court decided the motion to dismiss. On April 16, 2020, the court granted the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss Southwestern’s fraud claim. On April 30, 2020, Southwestern filed a motion for both leave to file a second amended complaint and for reconsideration of the court’s dismissal of Southwestern’s fraud claim.  On May 1, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed their answer to Southwestern’s amended complaint. The Pioneer Parties asserted numerous affirmative defenses, counterclaims against Southwestern, and cross-claims against certain of the Mann Parties, including for common law fraud under New York law and violations of the federal Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act. The Pioneer Parties contend that the actions of Southwestern and certain of the Mann Parties resulted in damages of $15.6 million, plus pre-judgment interest. On July 7, 2020, the court granted Southwestern leave to file a second amended complaint, which Southwestern filed on July 16, 2020. Southwestern’s second amended complaint asserted claims against the Pioneer Parties for declaratory judgment, conversion, actual and constructive fraud, gross negligence, unjust enrichment and constructive trust, and an accounting – and sought a monetary judgment of at least $9.8 million. On July 30, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed an amended answer to Southwestern’s second amended complaint, which asserted the same affirmative defenses, counterclaims, and cross-claims as the Pioneer Parties’ prior answer to Southwestern’s amended complaint. This matter is currently in discovery.

On December 10, 2019, National Payment Corp. (“NatPay”) filed a motion to intervene as a plaintiff in Southwestern’s lawsuit against the Pioneer Parties and the Mann Parties as described above. On January 10, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed opposition to NatPay’s motion to intervene. On August 4, 2020, the magistrate judge issued a decision recommending that NatPay be allowed to intervene. While the district judge has not yet adopted the magistrate’s recommended decision, NatPay was allowed to file its complaint in intervention on August 18, 2020. NatPay’s complaint includes claims for declaratory judgment, conversion, fraud, gross negligence, unjust enrichment and constructive trust, and for an accounting against the Pioneer Parties. The prayer for relief in NatPay’s complaint seeks “compensatory damages in an amount of no less than $4 million” (the complaint also seeks punitive damages and interest in unspecified amounts). On September 8, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed their answer and affirmative defenses to NatPay’s complaint. As noted, this matter is currently in discovery.

On January 21, 2020, Cachet Financial Services (“Cachet”), a third-party automated clearing house service provider, filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the Central District of California, Los Angeles Division. Cachet is currently involved in legal proceedings against certain Mann Parties and other

65

related parties. The Bank is not listed as a creditor in the bankruptcy proceedings. However, in the filings with the bankruptcy court, Cachet asserts that the Bank is holding approximately $8.5 million of its funds. The Company and the Bank dispute this assertion and, if necessary, intend to defend themselves vigorously.

On February 4, 2020, Berkshire Hills Bancorp Inc.’s wholly owned subsidiary Berkshire Bank (“Berkshire Bank”) filed a complaint against the Bank in the Supreme Court of the State of New York for Albany County resulting from Berkshire Bank’s participation interest in the commercial loan relationship to the Mann Entities. The complaint alleges that the Bank (1) breached the amended and restated loan participation agreement between the Bank and Berkshire Bank dated as of June 27, 2018, (2) breached the amended and restated loan participation agreement between the Bank and Berkshire Bank dated as of August 12, 2019, (3) engaged in constructive fraud, (4) engaged in fraudulent inducement, (5) engaged in fraudulent concealment, and (6) negligently misrepresented certain material information. The complaint seeks to recover $15.6 million and additional damages. On August 14, 2020, the Bank filed a motion to dismiss five of Berkshire Bank’s claims. On December 18, 2020, Berkshire filed papers in opposition to the Bank’s motion to dismiss. On February 19, 2021, the Bank filed its reply in support of its motion to dismiss. The court has not yet issued a decision on the Bank’s motion to dismiss.

On February 4, 2020, Chemung Financial Corporation’s wholly owned subsidiary, Chemung Canal Trust Company (“Chemung”), filed a complaint against the Bank in the Supreme Court of the State of New York for Albany County resulting from Chemung’s participation interest in the commercial loan relationship to the Mann Entities. The complaint alleges that the Bank (1) breached the participation agreement between the Bank and Chemung dated as of August 12, 2019, (2) engaged in fraudulent activities, (3) engaged in constructive fraud, and (4) negligently misrepresented and omitted certain material information. The complaint seeks to recover $4.2 million and additional damages. On August 14, 2020, the Bank filed a motion to dismiss three of Chemung’s four claims. On December 18, 2020, Chemung filed papers in opposition to the Bank’s motion to dismiss. On February 19, 2021, the Bank filed its reply in support of its motion to dismiss. The court has not yet issued a decision on the Bank’s motion to dismiss.

On April 30, 2020, the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”), with the authorization of a delegate of the Secretary of the Treasury, filed a civil complaint against the Company and the Bank (and Cloud Payroll, LLC) in the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the Pioneer Parties wrongfully set off approximately $7.3 million from an account held by Cloud Payroll to apply towards debts allegedly owed to the Bank by Cloud Payroll and other affiliates of Michael Mann. The complaint alleges that the funds in question were comprised of payroll taxes and thus subject to a statutory trust under 26 U.S.C. § 7501 that prohibited the Bank from setting off those funds to apply towards debts owed to the Bank. The complaint seeks return of any payroll taxes, plus interest. The Pioneer Parties moved to dismiss the DOJ’s complaint as against them on October 1, 2020. On October 21, 2020, the DOJ filed an amended complaint, which mooted the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss the DOJ’s original complaint. The amended complaint dropped one of the DOJ’s claims against the Pioneer Parties but continues to seek return of any payroll taxes, plus interest. The amended complaint relates to the same set of facts described in Part I – Financial Information, Item 2- “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Recent Developments – Mann Entities Related Fraudulent Activity,” and the alleged payroll taxes, plus interest, sought in this proceeding may be part of the recovery sought in the Southwestern and NatPay complaints described above. On November 4, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed their answer and affirmative defenses to the DOJ’s amended complaint. This matter is currently in discovery.

On August 31, 2020, AXH Air-Coolers, LLC (“AXH”) filed a complaint against the Pioneer Parties, and unnamed employees of the Pioneer Parties in the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York. The complaint alleges that the Pioneer Parties (i) wrongfully converted certain tax funds belonging to AXH, (ii) were unjustly enriched by the wrongful taking of tax funds belonging to AXH, and (iii) were grossly negligent in allowing AXH’s tax funds to be misappropriated, offset, converted, or stolen. The prayer for relief in AXH’s complaint seeks $336,000, plus penalties and interest, attorney’s fees, and punitive damages. The complaint relates to the same set of facts as the DOJ complaint as described above, and the alleged taxes sought in the DOJ, Southwestern, and NatPay complaints. On November 5, 2020, the Pioneer Parties moved to dismiss the complaint in its entirety. On December 4, 2020, AXH filed papers in opposition to the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss.  On December 14, 2020, the Pioneer Parties filed their reply in support of their motion to dismiss.  The court has not yet issued a decision on the Pioneer Parties’ motion to dismiss.

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On December 1, 2020, the Bank filed a complaint in the Supreme Court of the State of New York against Teal, Becker & Chiaramonte, CPAs, P.C. (“TBC”), Mr. Pasquale M. Scisci and Mr. Vincent Commisso (collectively, with TBC, the “TBC Parties”), alleging professional malpractice by the TBC Parties in auditing the annual consolidated financial statements of Valuewise Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Valuewise Entities”) for the fiscal years 2010 to 2018.  The Bank asserts that the TBC Parties were aware that the primary, if not the exclusive, reason the Valuewise Entities engaged TBC to audit their financial statements was to provide the Bank with accurate financial information that the Bank would rely on in evaluating whether to provide loans to the Valuewise Entities. The Bank contends that, among other matters, Mr. Michael Mann used the Valuewise Entities to defraud the Bank because of the professional malpractice of the TBC Parties and that if the TBC Parties had not committed professional malpractice by issuing unqualified “clean” opinions on the financial statements of the Valuewise Entities for fiscal years 2010 to 2018, the Bank would never have continued loaning money to the Valuewise Entities. The Banks seeks to recover damages of at least $34.1 million (plus interest) sustained by it as a result of the professional malpractice of the TBC Parties. The TBC Parties filed their answer to the Bank’s complaint on February 12, 2021. This matter is currently in discovery.

The Company and the Bank have received inquiries and requests for information from regulatory agencies relating to some of the entities and events that are the subjects of certain lawsuits described above. This has resulted in, or may in the future result in, regulatory agency investigations, litigation, subpoenas, enforcement actions, and related sanctions or costs. The Company and the Bank continue to cooperate with inquiries and respond to requests as appropriate.

The Company and the Bank continue to investigate these matters and it is possible that the Company and the Bank will be subject to similar legal, regulatory, governmental or other proceedings and additional liabilities. The ultimate outcome of any such proceedings, involving the Company or the Bank, cannot be predicted with any certainty. It also remains possible that other parties will pursue additional claims against the Bank as a result of the Bank’s dealings with certain of the Mann Entities or as a result of the actions taken by the Pioneer Parties. The Company’s and the Bank’s legal fees and expenses related to these actions are significant. In addition, costs associated with potentially prosecuting, litigating or settling any litigation, satisfying any adverse judgments, if any, or other proceedings, could be significant. These costs, settlements, judgments, sanctions or other expenses could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

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Item 1A – Risk Factors

In addition to the other information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the following risk factors represent material updates and additions to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2020. Additional risks not presently known to us, or that we currently deem immaterial, may also adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Further, to the extent that any of the information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q constitutes forward-looking statements, the risk factors set forth below also are a cautionary statement identifying important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of us.

The Restatement of certain of our historical consolidated financial statements may have an adverse effect on us.

Management is assessing the effect of the Restatement on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and its disclosure controls and procedures, all as described in Part I, Item 4, “Controls and Procedures” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Because of the inherent limitations of any control system, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected and corrected on a timely basis, or at all. As with any company, if we are unable to provide reliable and timely financial reports in the future, our business and reputation may be harmed. As with any company, restated financial statements and issues related to internal control over financial reporting may render us unable to meet our reporting obligations, negatively affect investor and customer confidence in us and the accuracy of our financial statements and disclosures, or result in adverse publicity and concerns from investors and customers, any of which could have a negative effect on the price of our common stock, subject us to regulatory investigations and penalties, and have a material adverse impact on our business and financial condition.

We intend to continue our remediation activities. In doing so, we will continue to incur expenses and expend management’s time on remediation-related issues. However, as with any company, we cannot guarantee that the steps that we have taken or will take will be successful. If we are unable to successfully complete our remediation efforts or favorably assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, our operating results, financial position, ability to accurately report our financial results and timely file our SEC reports, and our stock price could be adversely affected.

As a result of the Restatement, we may become subject to a number of significant risks, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, including: we may be subject to potential civil litigation, including shareholder class action lawsuits and derivative claims made on behalf of us, and regulatory proceedings or actions, the defense of which may require us to devote significant management attention and to incur significant legal expense and which litigation, proceedings or actions, if decided against us, could require us to pay substantial judgments, settlements or other penalties.

Our business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations have been, and will likely continue to be, adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

In December 2019, a coronavirus (COVID-19) was reported in China, and, in March 2020, the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic. On March 12, 2020, the President of the United States declared the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States a national emergency.  The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant economic dislocation in the United States as many state and local governments have ordered non-essential businesses to close and residents to shelter in place at home, including the State of New York. During the fourth fiscal quarter of 2020, some of these restrictions were removed and some non-essential businesses were allowed to re-open in a limited capacity, adhering to social distancing and disinfection guidelines. It is not clear when the pandemic will abate. This crisis has resulted in an unprecedented slow-down in economic activity and a related increase in unemployment as the U.S. economy entered a recession. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, millions of people have filed claims for unemployment, and stock markets have experienced extreme volatility with bank stocks significantly declining in value. In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, the Federal Reserve Board has reduced the benchmark Fed funds rate to a target range of 0% to 0.25%, and the yields on 10 and 30-year

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treasury notes have declined to historic lows.  The State of New York and certain Federal agencies are requiring lenders to provide forbearance and other relief to borrowers (e.g., waiving late payment and other fees). Recent New York legislation allows certain borrowers to seek forbearance on residential mortgage loans (including home equity loans) if financial hardship is demonstrated as a result of COVID-19 for up to 180 days with an option for an additional 180 days. The federal banking agencies have encouraged financial institutions to prudently work with affected borrowers and recently passed legislation has provided relief from reporting loan classifications due to modifications related to the COVID-19 outbreak. The success of these measures is not yet entirely known and those measures may not be sufficient to fully mitigate the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, some measures, such as a suspension of mortgage and other loan payments and foreclosures, may have a negative impact on the Company’s business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations. If such measures are not effective in mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s borrowers, the Company may also experience higher rates of default and increased credit losses in future periods.

Additionally, we are a participating lender in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) under the CARES Act.  Under the PPP, small businesses may, subject to certain regulatory requirements, obtain low interest (1%), government-guaranteed SBA loans. These loans may be forgiven if the funds are used for designated expenses and meet certain designated requirements. If our borrowers fail to qualify for PPP loan forgiveness, or if the PPP loans are not fully guaranteed by the US government, we risk holding loans with unfavorable terms and may experience losses related to our PPP loans. Government programs such as the PPP are complex and the Company’s participation may lead to litigation and governmental, regulatory and third party scrutiny, negative publicity and damage to its reputation. Any financial liability, litigation costs or reputational damage caused by PPP-related litigation could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and prospects. The length of the pandemic and the efficacy of the extraordinary measures being put in place to address it are unknown. It is unknown when there will be a return to normal business activity and a subsiding of the economic stress associated with the pandemic. Prolonged continuation of the pandemic could worsen these risks and impacts. Until the pandemic subsides, the Company expects continued draws on lines of credit, reduced revenues in many of its fee-related businesses and increased customer and client defaults, including defaults in unsecured loans. Even after the pandemic subsides, the U.S. economy may experience a prolonged economic slowdown or recession, and our business would be materially and adversely affected by a prolonged economic slowdown or recession.

As the result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the related adverse economic consequences, we could be subject to any of the following risks, any of which could have a material, adverse effect on our business, financial condition, liquidity, prospects and results of operations:

● demand for our products and services may decline, making it difficult to grow assets and income;

● if the economy is unable to fully reopen, and high levels of unemployment continue for an extended period of time, loan delinquencies, deferral requests, problem assets, and foreclosures may increase, resulting in increased charges and reduced income;

● collateral for loans, especially real estate, may decline in value, which could cause loan losses to increase;

● the estimates and assumptions we use may prove to be inadequate or incorrect, and the actual results may differ materially from our estimates and assumptions;

● our allowance for loan losses may have to be increased if borrowers experience financial difficulties beyond forbearance periods or if the federal government fails to guarantee or forgive our customers’ PPP loans, which will adversely affect our net income;

● the net worth and liquidity of loan guarantors may decline, impairing their ability to honor commitments to us;

● as the result of the decline in the Federal Reserve Board’s target federal funds rate to near 0%, the yield on our assets may decline to a greater extent than the decline in our cost of interest-bearing liabilities, reducing our net interest margin and spread and reducing net income;

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● our wealth management revenues may decline with continuing market turmoil;

● our PPP customers may fail to qualify for PPP loan forgiveness, or we may experience other uncertainties or losses related to our PPP loans;

● our cyber security risks are increased as the result of an increase in the number of employees working remotely;

● we rely on third party vendors for certain services and the unavailability of a critical service due to the COVID-19 outbreak could have an adverse effect on us; and

● FDIC premiums may increase if the agency experiences additional resolution costs.

Moreover, our future success and profitability substantially depends on the management skills of our executive officers and directors, many of whom have held officer and director positions with us for many years. The unanticipated loss or unavailability of key employees due to the outbreak could harm our ability to operate our business or execute our business strategy. We may not be successful in finding and integrating suitable successors in the event of key employee loss or unavailability.

Any one or a combination of the factors identified above could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations and prospects.

There is uncertainty surrounding potential legal, regulatory and policy changes by new presidential administrations in the United States that may directly affect financial institutions and the global economy.

Changes in federal policy, including tax policies, and at regulatory agencies occur over time through policy and personnel changes following elections, which lead to changes involving the level of oversight and focus on the financial services industry or the tax rates paid by corporate entities. The nature, timing and economic and political effects of potential changes to the current legal and regulatory framework affecting financial institutions remain highly uncertain. Uncertainty surrounding future changes may adversely affect our operating environment and therefore our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects.

Item 2 – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None

Item 3 – Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None

Item 4 – Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable

Item 5 – Other Information

None

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Item 6 – Exhibits

Exhibit No.	Description
31.1	Rule 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
31.2	Rule 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
32	Section 1350 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
101	The following materials from Pioneer Bancorp, Inc. Form 10-Q for the three and six months ended December 31, 2020, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Condition, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) related notes.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

PIONEER BANCORP, INC.

(registrant)

February 22, 2021	/s/ Thomas L. Amell
	Thomas L. Amell
	President and Chief Executive Officer
February 22, 2021	/s/ Patrick J. Hughes
	Patrick J. Hughes
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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