Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Global Stem Cells Group Inc. (since August 18, 2021) and Cellular Hope Institute, wholly-owned subsidiary of Global Stem Cells Group Inc. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared and, in the opinion of management, contain all the adjustments (consisting of those of a normal recurring nature) considered necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position and the consolidated statements of income and consolidated cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles for interim consolidated financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X, Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024. It is suggested that these condensed consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed on April 15, 2024, which can be found at www.sec.gov. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates in Financial Statement Presentation
The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant estimates included in these financial statements are associated with accounting for the goodwill, derivative liability, valuation of preferred stock, and for the valuation of assets and liabilities in business combination.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts for the prior year have been revised or reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. No change in net loss resulted from these reclassifications.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid accounts with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all of the Company’s cash was deposited in major banking institutions. There were no cash equivalents as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Our cash balances at financial institutions may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Company’s (FDIC) insured limit of $250,000 from time to time.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable are recorded at original invoice amount less an allowance for uncollectible accounts that management believes will be adequate to absorb estimated losses on existing balances. Management estimates the allowance based on collectability of accounts receivable and prior bad debt experience. Accounts receivable balances are written off against the allowance upon management’s determination that such accounts are uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts receivable previously written off are recorded when received. Management believes that credit risks on accounts receivable will not be material to the financial position of the Company or results of operations. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $0 and $0 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. impairment was recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023.
Lease Accounting
The Company leases office space and clinical space under a lease arrangement. These properties are generally leased under non-cancelable agreements that contain lease terms in excess of twelve months on the date of entry as well as renewal options for additional periods. The agreements, which have been classified as operating leases, generally provide for base minimum rental payment, as well non-lease components including insurance, taxes, maintenance, and other common area costs.
At the lease commencement date, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases, except short-term leases with an original term of twelve months or less. The right-of-use asset represents the right to use the leased asset for the lease term. The lease liability represents the present value of the lease payments under the lease. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which primarily comprises the initial amount of the lease liability, plus any prepayments to the lessor and initial direct costs such as brokerage commissions, less any lease incentives received. All right-of-use assets are periodically reviewed for impairment in accordance with standards that apply to long-lived assets. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, discounted using the rate implicit in the contract if available or an estimate of our incremental borrowing rate for a collateralized loan with the same term as the underlying lease. The discount rates used for the initial measurement of lease liabilities as of the date of entry were based on the original lease terms.
Lease payments included in the measurement of lease liabilities consist of (i) fixed lease payments for the non-cancelable lease term, (ii) fixed lease payments for optional renewal periods where it is reasonably certain the renewal option will be exercised, and (iii) variable lease payments that depend on an underlying index or rate, based on the index or rate in effect at lease commencement. Certain real estate lease agreements require payments for non-lease costs such as utilities and common area maintenance. The Company has elected an accounting policy to not separate implicit components of the contract that may be considered non-lease related.
Lease expense for operating leases consists of the fixed lease payments recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term plus variable lease payments as incurred. The lease payments are allocated between a reduction of the lease liability and interest expense. Depreciation of the right-of-use asset for operating leases reflects the use of the asset on straight-line basis over the expected term of the lease.
Goodwill
We test our reporting unit for impairment annually at year end or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, we record an impairment loss based on the difference between fair value and carrying amount of the reporting unit, not to exceed to the associated carrying amount of goodwill. (see Note 11 for detail of goodwill).
Derivative Instruments
The derivative instruments are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair market value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in fair value recognized in operations for each reporting period. The Company uses the Monte Carlo option pricing model to value the derivative instruments.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of products under ASC 606 by applying the following steps: (1) identify the contract with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied.
The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product to a customer or services are provided. Revenue is measured based on the consideration the Company receives in exchange for those products.
Income Taxes
The Company uses the liability method to record income tax activity. Deferred taxes are determined based upon the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial reporting and tax reporting bases of assets and liabilities, given the provisions of currently enacted tax laws.
The accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements uses the threshold of more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination for inclusion or exclusion. Measurement of the tax uncertainty occurs if the recognition threshold has been met.
Net Earnings (Losses) Per Common Share
The Company accounts for net loss per share in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 260-10, Earnings Per Share (“ASC 260-10”), which requires presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) on the face of the statement of operations for all entities with complex capital structures and requires a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation to the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS.
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. It excludes the dilutive effects of any potentially issuable common shares. The effect of common stock equivalents is anti-dilutive with respect to losses and therefore basic and dilutive is the same.
Diluted net loss per share is calculated by including any potentially dilutive share issuances in the denominator. The following securities are excluded from the calculation of weighted average diluted shares on September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of financial instruments, which include cash, accounts payable and accrued expenses and advances from related parties were estimated to approximate their carrying values due to the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments. Management is of the opinion that the Company is not exposed to significant interest, currency or credit risks arising from financial instruments.
Fair value is defined as the price which would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies is as follows:
On September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, account payables, and accrued expenses, approximate their respective fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
On September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company does not have any assets or liabilities except for derivative liabilities related to convertible notes payable required to be measured at fair value in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement.
The following presents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for those assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
Comprehensive Income
The Company records comprehensive income as the change in equity of a business during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. It includes all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Other comprehensive income (loss) includes foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had no items that represent comprehensive loss and, therefore, has not included a schedule of comprehensive loss in the financial statements.
Stock Based Compensation
Share-based compensation issued to employees is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period. The Company measures the fair value of the share-based compensation issued to non-employees at the grant date using the stock price observed in the trading market (for stock transactions) or the fair value of the award (for non-stock transactions), which were considered to be more reliably determinable measures of fair value than the value of the services being rendered.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedient and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. In response to the concerns about structural risks of interbank offered rates and, particularly, the risk of cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), regulators in several jurisdictions around the world have undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify alternative reference rates that are more observable or transaction-based and less susceptible to manipulation. The ASU provides companies with optional guidance to ease the potential accounting burden associated with transitioning away from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform—Scope, which clarified the scope and application of the original guidance. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform—Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848. This update extends the sunset provision of ASU 2020-04 to December 31, 2024. The Company has not yet adopted this ASU and is evaluating the effect of adopting this new accounting guidance.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 requires companies to measure credit losses utilizing a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires a consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. For companies that qualified as Smaller Reporting Companies as defined by the SEC as of November 19, 2019, ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years.
Other accounting standards and amendments to existing accounting standards that have been issued and have future effective dates are not applicable or are not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements
Going Concern
The financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred losses since inception, resulting in an accumulated deficit of $66,914,916 and a working capital deficit of $26,577,484 as of September 30, 2024 and future losses are anticipated. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
The ability of the Company to continue its operations as a going concern is dependent on management’s plans, which include the raising of capital through debt and/or equity markets with some additional funding from other traditional financing sources, including term notes, until such time that funds provided by operations are sufficient to fund working capital requirements.
The Company will require additional funding to finance the growth of its current and expected future operations as well to achieve its strategic objectives. There can be no assurance that financing will be available in amounts or terms acceptable to the Company, if at all. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. These financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recovery of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. |