UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                            to                               

Commission File No. 001-38880

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	38-4101973 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
125 S. Wacker Drive, Suite 1250 Chicago, Illinois	60606
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(312) 840-6000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share	FREE	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Warrants to purchase one-half of one share of common stock	FREEW	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 9, 2023, there were 42,245,974 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, issued and outstanding.

WHOLE EARTH BRANDS, INC.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	3
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	25
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	25
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	26
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	26
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	26
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	26
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	26
Item 5.	Other Information	26
Item 6.	Exhibits	27
Signatures		28

2

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.         Financial Statements.

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2023

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity	7
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	8
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies	9
Note 2: Business Combination	10
Note 3: Inventories	11
Note 4: Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	11
Note 5: Debt	12
Note 6: Warrants	13
Note 7: Fair Value of Financial Instruments	13
Note 8: Commitments and Contingencies	14
Note 9: Income Taxes	14
Note 10: Stock-Based Compensation	14
Note 11: Earnings Per Share	16
Note 12: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	17
Note 13: Related Party Transactions	17
Note 14: Business Segments	17

3

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands of dollars, except for share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	26,632	$	28,676
Accounts receivable (net of allowances of $1,699 and $1,614, respectively)	66,472		66,653
Inventories	218,397		218,975
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	8,979		10,530
Total current assets	320,480		324,834
Property, Plant and Equipment, net	57,313		58,092
Other Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	16,695		18,238
Goodwill	194,521		193,139
Other intangible assets, net	241,923		245,376
Deferred tax assets, net	349		539
Other assets	8,985		8,785
Total Assets	$	840,266	$	849,003
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable	$	50,145	$	47,002
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	36,095		27,488
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	8,877		8,804
Current portion of long-term debt	3,750		3,750
Total current liabilities	98,867		87,044
Non-Current Liabilities
Long-term debt	427,599		432,172
Deferred tax liabilities, net	32,586		32,585
Operating lease liabilities, less current portion	10,748		12,664
Other liabilities	9,921		9,987
Total Liabilities	579,721		574,452
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8)	—		—
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred shares, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022	—		—
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 220,000,000 shares authorized; 42,244,966 and 41,994,355 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	4		4
Additional paid-in capital	362,164		360,777
Accumulated deficit	(104,985)		(85,188)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	3,362		(1,042)
Total stockholders’ equity	260,545		274,551
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	840,266	$	849,003

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

4

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands of dollars, except for share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Product revenues, net	$	132,417	$	130,592
Cost of goods sold	100,076		91,034
Gross profit	32,341		39,558
Selling, general and administrative expenses	24,689		27,788
Amortization of intangible assets	4,651		4,705
Operating income	3,001		7,065
Interest expense, net	(10,704)		(6,032)
Other (expense) income, net	(629)		2,817
(Loss) income before income taxes	(8,332)		3,850
Provision for income taxes	11,465		1,124
Net (loss) income	$	(19,797)	$	2,726
Net (loss) earnings per share:
Basic	$	(0.47)	$	0.07
Diluted	$	(0.47)	$	0.07

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

5

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(In thousands of dollars)
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Net (loss) income	$	(19,797)	$	2,726
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Net change in pension benefit obligations recognized, net of taxes of $(4) and $(71), respectively	(12)		(224)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	4,416		(2,003)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	4,404		(2,227)
Comprehensive (loss) income	$	(15,393)	$	499

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

6

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity
(In thousands of dollars)
(Unaudited)
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in		Accumulated		Accumulated Other Comprehensive		Total Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Income (Loss)		Equity
Balance at December 31, 2021	38,871,646	$	4	$	330,616	$	(26,436)	$	9,687	$	313,871
Transfer of Private Warrants to Public Warrants	—	—		605		—		—		605
Net income	—	—		—		2,726		—		2,726
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—		(2,227)		(2,227)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		1,354		—		—		1,354
Net share settlements of stock-based awards	146,444	—		(291)		—		—		(291)
Shares issued for payment of contingent consideration	2,659,574	—		23,936		—		—		23,936
Balance at March 31, 2022	41,677,664	$	4	$	356,220	$	(23,710)	$	7,460	$	339,974

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in		Accumulated		Accumulated Other Comprehensive		Total Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Income (Loss)		Equity
Balance at December 31, 2022	41,994,355	$	4	$	360,777	$	(85,188)	$	(1,042)	$	274,551
Net income	—	—		—		(19,797)		—		(19,797)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—	—		—		—		4,404		4,404
Stock-based compensation	—	—		1,792		—		—		1,792
Net share settlements of stock-based awards	250,611	—		(405)		—		—		(405)
Balance at March 31, 2023	42,244,966	$	4	$	362,164	$	(104,985)	$	3,362	$	260,545

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

7

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands of dollars)
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Operating activities
Net (loss) income	$	(19,797)	$	2,726
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Stock-based compensation	1,792		1,650
Depreciation	1,690		1,460
Amortization of intangible assets	4,651		4,705
Deferred income taxes	(124)		(905)
Amortization of inventory fair value adjustments	—		(1,599)
Amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discount	522		456
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(154)		(861)
Changes in current assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	706		(3,821)
Inventories	1,579		(878)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(740)		(842)
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and income taxes	14,084		4,833
Other, net	(142)		(2,478)
Net cash provided by operating activities	4,067		4,446
Investing activities
Capital expenditures	(1,556)		(3,276)
Proceeds from the sale of fixed assets	—		50
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,556)		(3,226)
Financing activities
Proceeds from revolving credit facility	—		30,000
Repayments of revolving credit facility	(4,000)		—
Repayments of long-term borrowings	(938)		(938)
Payment of contingent consideration	—		(29,108)
Tax withholdings related to net share settlements of stock awards	(405)		(291)
Net cash used in financing activities	(5,343)		(337)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	788		186
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(2,044)		1,069
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	28,676		28,296
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	26,632	$	29,365
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Interest paid	$	10,284	$	5,567
Taxes paid, net of refunds	$	3,228	$	993

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

8

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1: BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Whole Earth Brands, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries (“Whole Earth Brands” or the “Company”) is a global industry-leading platform, focused on the “better for you” consumer packaged goods (“CPG”) and ingredients space. The Company has a global platform of branded products and ingredients, focused on the consumer transition towards natural alternatives and clean label products.

On June 24, 2020, Act II Global Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (“Act II”), domesticated into a Delaware corporation (the “Domestication”), and on June 25, 2020 (the “Closing”), consummated the indirect acquisition (the “Business Combination”) of (i) all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Merisant Company (“Merisant”), Merisant Luxembourg Sarl (“Merisant Luxembourg”), Mafco Worldwide LLC (“Mafco Worldwide”), Mafco Shanghai LLC (“Mafco Shanghai”), EVD Holdings LLC (“EVD Holdings”), and Mafco Deutschland GmbH (together with Merisant, Merisant Luxembourg, Mafco Worldwide, Mafco Shanghai, and EVD Holdings, and their respective direct and indirect subsidiaries, “Merisant and Mafco Worldwide”), and (ii) certain assets and liabilities of Merisant and Mafco Worldwide included in the Transferred Assets and Liabilities (as defined in the Purchase Agreement (as hereafter defined)), from Flavors Holdings Inc. (“Flavors Holdings”), MW Holdings I LLC (“MW Holdings I”), MW Holdings III LLC (“MW Holdings III”), and Mafco Foreign Holdings, Inc. (“Mafco Foreign Holdings,” and together with Flavors Holdings, MW Holdings I, and MW Holdings III, the “Sellers”), pursuant to that certain Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) entered into by and among Act II and the Sellers dated as of December 19, 2019, as amended. In connection with the Domestication, Act II changed its name to “Whole Earth Brands, Inc.”

Upon the completion of the Domestication, each of Act II’s then-issued and outstanding ordinary shares converted, on a one-for-one basis, into shares of common stock of Whole Earth Brands. Additionally, immediately after the Business Combination, the Company issued an aggregate of 7,500,000 shares of Whole Earth Brands common stock and 5,263,500 private placement warrants (the “Private Warrants”) exercisable for 2,631,750 shares of Whole Earth Brands common stock to certain investors. On the date of Closing, the Company’s common stock and warrants began trading on The Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbols “FREE” and “FREEW,” respectively.

As a result of the Business Combination, for accounting purposes, Act II was deemed to be the acquirer and Mafco Worldwide and Merisant Company were deemed to be the acquired parties.

Basis of Presentation—The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial reporting. The balance sheet data as of December 31, 2022 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated and combined financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.

In the opinion of management, the financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to state fairly the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2023 and the results of operations and cash flows for all periods presented. All adjustments in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which management believes are necessary to state fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows, have been reflected and are of a normal recurring nature. Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year.

Principles of Consolidation—The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Whole Earth Brands, Inc., and its indirect and wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Reclassifications—Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

9

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)    

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements—The Company qualifies as an emerging growth company (an “EGC”) and as such, has elected the extended transition period for complying with certain new or revised accounting pronouncements. During the extended transition period, the Company is not subject to certain new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326).” The standard requires entities to estimate losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost, including trade receivables, debt securities and loans, using an expected credit loss model. The expected credit loss model should consider reasonable and supportable forecasts in addition to the previously considered past events and current conditions. This guidance also includes enhanced requirements for disclosures related to credit loss estimates. Entities must apply the standard provision as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2023. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures and a cumulative-effect adjustment was not deemed necessary.

Warrant Liabilities—The Company accounts for the Private Warrants in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” Under the guidance contained in ASC Topic 815-40, the Private Warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as liabilities. Accordingly, the Company classifies the Private Warrants as liabilities at their fair value and adjusts the warrants to fair value at each reporting period. The liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s statement of operations.

NOTE 2: BUSINESS COMBINATION

On December 17, 2020, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement (the “Wholesome Purchase Agreement”) with WSO Investments, Inc. (“WSO Investments” and together with its subsidiaries, “Wholesome” and affiliates). WSO Investments is the direct parent of its wholly-owned subsidiary Wholesome Sweeteners, Incorporated, which was formed to import, market, distribute, and sell organic sugars, unrefined specialty sugars, and related products. Wholesome is included within the Company’s Branded CPG reportable segment. Wholesome’s results are included in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations from the date of acquisition.

On February 5, 2021, pursuant to the terms of the Wholesome Purchase Agreement, the Company purchased and acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock for an initial cash purchase price of $180 million plus up to an additional $55 million (the “Earn-Out Amount”) upon the satisfaction of certain post-closing financial metrics. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Wholesome Purchase Agreement payment of the Earn-Out Amount, in whole or in part, was subject to Wholesome achieving certain EBITDA thresholds at or above approximately $30 million during the period beginning August 29, 2020, and ending December 31, 2021 (the “Earn-Out Period”). A portion of the Earn-Out Amount (up to $27.5 million) could be paid, at the Company’s election, in freely tradeable, registered shares of Company common stock calculated using the 20-day volume weighted average trading price per share as of the date of determination. Calculation of the achievement of the Earn-Out Amount was subject to certain adjustments more thoroughly described in the Wholesome Purchase Agreement.

Following the completion of the Earn-Out Period, the Company determined, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement, that the sellers were entitled to receive the Earn-Out Amount in full. The Company elected to satisfy part of the Earn-Out Amount in common stock and on February 23, 2022, issued 2,659,574 shares of the Company’s common stock. The remaining $30 million portion of the $55 million Earn-Out Amount was paid in cash which was funded from available capacity under the Company’s revolving credit facility. The settlement of the earn-out resulted in a non-cash gain of $1.1 million that was recorded in the first quarter of 2022 which represents the difference in the value of the common stock issued using the 20-day volume weighted average trading price per share as compared to the trading price on the date of issuance.

10

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)    

NOTE 3: INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Raw materials and supplies	$	131,381	$	129,131
Work in process	1,582		1,835
Finished goods	85,434		88,009
Total inventories	$	218,397	$	218,975

NOTE 4: GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill and other intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Amount		Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Amount
Other intangible assets subject to amortization
Customer relationships (useful life of 5 to 10 years)	$	105,497	$	(29,164)	$	76,333	$	105,298	$	(26,137)	$	79,161
Tradenames (useful life of 25 years)	172,204		(17,314)		154,890		171,013		(15,498)		155,515
Total	$	277,701	$	(46,478)	231,223		$	276,311	$	(41,635)	234,676
Other intangible assets not subject to amortization
Product formulations					10,700						10,700
Total other intangible assets, net					241,923						245,376
Goodwill					194,521						193,139
Total goodwill and other intangible assets					$	436,444					$	438,515

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, goodwill at Branded CPG was $190.8 million and $189.5 million, respectively. Goodwill at Flavors & Ingredients was $3.7 million at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

The amortization expense for intangible assets was $4.7 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Amortization expense relating to amortizable intangible assets as of March 31, 2023 for the next five years is expected to be as follows (in thousands):

Remainder of 2023	$	14,000
2024	18,667
2025	18,425
2026	18,196
2027	16,974
2028	14,976

11

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)    

NOTE 5: DEBT

Debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term loan, due 2028	$	367,500	$	368,438
Revolving credit facility, due 2026	72,000		76,000
Less: current portion	(3,750)		(3,750)
Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	(8,151)		(8,516)
Total long-term debt	$	427,599	$	432,172

Loan Agreement—At both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s senior secured loan agreement consisted of a senior secured term loan facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) of $375 million and a revolving credit facility of up to $125 million (the “Revolving Facility,” and together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Credit Facilities”). As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, term loan borrowings were $359.3 million and $359.9 million, respectively, net of unamortized discount and debt issuance costs of $8.2 million and $8.5 million, respectively. There were $72.0 million and $76.0 million of borrowings under the revolving credit facility as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Additionally, as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s unamortized debt issuance costs related to the revolving credit facility were $1.8 million and $2.0 million, respectively, which are included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were $3.3 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of outstanding letters of credit that reduced the Company’s availability under the revolving credit facility. See Note 7 to the Company’s consolidated and combined financial statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for further information and significant terms and conditions associated with the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Facility.

As further described in Note 2, following the completion of the Wholesome Earn-Out Period, the Company determined, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement, that the sellers were entitled to receive the Earn-Out Amount in full. The Company elected to satisfy part of the Earn-Out Amount in common stock and on February 23, 2022, issued 2,659,574 shares of the Company’s common stock. The remaining $30 million portion of the $55 million Earn-Out Amount was paid in cash which was funded from available capacity under the Company’s revolving credit facility.

On June 15, 2022, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a first amendment (the “First Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of February 5, 2021 (the “Amended and Restated Loan Agreement”). The First Amendment increased the aggregate principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility from $75 million to $125 million (the “Amended Revolving Credit Facility”) and transitioned from LIBOR to Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the benchmark for purposes of calculating interest for all loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. At the election of the Company, loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement will accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to (i) term SOFR plus 0.10%, 0.15%, or 0.25% in case of, respectively, a one-month, three-month, or six-month interest period (“Adjusted Term SOFR”), or (ii) the greater of the prime rate, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50%, and one-month Adjusted Term SOFR plus 1.00%, in each case plus the applicable margin which is equal to (i) with respect to Amended Revolving Credit Facility and letters of credit, (A) 2.75%, in the case of base rate advances, and (B) 3.75% in the case of SOFR advances, and (ii) with respect to the Term Loan Facility, (A) 3.50%, in the case of base rate advances, and (B) 4.50% in the case of SOFR advances. In connection with the Amendment, the Company paid fees and incurred transaction costs of $0.7 million, all of which was deferred.

The transition to SOFR did not materially impact the interest rates applied to the Company’s borrowings. No other material changes were made to the terms of the Company’s Amended and Restated Loan Agreement as a result of the First Amendment.

12

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)    

On April 24, 2023, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a second amendment (the “Second Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. The Second Amendment changed the maximum consolidated total leverage ratio covenant as follows: (i) the consolidated total leverage ratio will temporarily increase by 0.25 turns for the first quarter of 2023, 0.5 turns on a quarterly basis through the fourth quarter of 2023, and 0.25 turns in the first quarter of 2024; and (ii) beginning in the second quarter of 2024, the consolidated total leverage ratio will return to a level not to exceed 5.5x. No other material changes were made in terms of the Company’s Amended and Restated Agreement as a result of the Second Amendment.

NOTE 6: WARRANTS

As of the date of the Business Combination, the Company had approximately 20,263,500 warrants outstanding, consisting of (i) 15,000,000 public warrants originally sold as part of the units issued in Act II’s initial public offering (the “Public Warrants”) and (ii) 5,263,500 Private Warrants that were sold by Act II to the PIPE Investors in conjunction with the Business Combination (collectively with the Public Warrants, the “Warrants”). Each warrant is exercisable for one-half of one share of the Company’s common stock at a price of $11.50 per whole share, subject to adjustment. Warrants may only be exercised for a whole number of shares as no fractional shares will be issued. As of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had 19,491,320 Public Warrants outstanding and 771,980 Private Warrants outstanding.

There were no Warrants exercised for shares of the Company’s common stock in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

NOTE 7: FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company measures and records in its consolidated financial statements certain assets and liabilities at fair value. ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures,” establishes a fair value hierarchy for instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). This hierarchy consists of the following three levels:

•Level 1 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market.

•Level 2 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on inputs other than those included in Level 1, including quoted market prices in markets that are not active; quoted prices of assets or liabilities with similar attributes in active markets; or valuation models whose inputs are observable or unobservable but corroborated by market data.

•Level 3 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on valuation models or pricing techniques that utilize unobservable inputs that are significant to the overall fair value measurement.

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment).

Current Assets and Other Financial Assets and Liabilities—Cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable and trade accounts payable are measured at carrying value, which approximates fair value because of the short-term maturities of these instruments.

Investment in securities—The Company has assets in an investment fund that holds surplus funds from its terminated qualified pension plan that will be used to fund future contributions to the defined contribution plan at Flavors & Ingredients and is presented in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The investment is classified as available-for-sale and carried at fair market value. At March 31, 2023, both the estimated fair value and cost basis of the investment fund was $2.5 million and utilized Level 2 inputs.

Debt—The Company measures its term loan and revolving facilities at original carrying value, net of unamortized deferred financing costs and fees. At March 31, 2023, the estimated fair value of the term loan was $312.4 million as compared to a carrying value of $359.3 million. At December 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the term loan was $338.0 million as compared to a carrying value of $359.9 million. The estimated fair value of the outstanding principal balance of the term loan utilized Level 2 inputs as it is based on quoted market prices for identical or similar instruments. The fair value of the revolving facility at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 approximated carrying value.

13

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)    

NOTE 8: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is subject to various claims, pending and possible legal actions for product liability and other damages, and other matters arising out of the conduct of the business. The Company believes, based on current knowledge and consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such claims and actions will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial position or results of operations.

NOTE 9: INCOME TAXES

The Company’s provision for income taxes consists of U.S., state and local, and foreign taxes. The Company has significant operations in various locations outside the U.S. The annual effective tax rate is a composite rate reflecting the earnings in the various locations at their applicable statutory tax rates.

The Company’s income tax provision was $11.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, which includes a discrete tax provision of $1.0 million related primarily to tax expense for a shortfall of the tax benefits on stock-based awards that have vested and the remeasurement of state deferred taxes as a result of state law changes enacted during the quarter. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was an income tax provision of (137.6%) on a pre-tax loss of $8.3 million which differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to an increase in the valuation allowance related to interest expense for which deductibility is limited under IRC §163(j), foreign income at different rates, non-deductible permanent differences, state and local taxes, and the U.S. tax effect of international operations including Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) recorded during the period, and the discrete tax provision described above.

The Company’s income tax provision was $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was an income tax provision of 29.2% on pre-tax income of $3.9 million which differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to state and local taxes, non-deductible permanent differences, limited benefit on current year interest deductions and losses in certain jurisdictions, the change in the fair value of warrant liabilities, foreign income at different rates and the U.S. tax effect of international operations including GILTI recorded during the period.

At both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had an uncertain tax position liability of $0.2 million, including interest and penalties. The unrecognized tax benefits include amounts related primarily to various state tax issues.

NOTE 10: STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

On June 24, 2020, the Whole Earth Brands, Inc. 2020 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) was approved for the purpose of promoting the long-term financial interests and growth of the Company and its subsidiaries by attracting and retaining management and other personnel and key service providers. The Plan provides for the granting of stock options (“SOs”), stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance shares, performance share units (“PSUs”) and other stock-based awards to officers, employees and non-employee directors of, and certain other service providers to, the Company and its subsidiaries. These awards are settled in shares of the Company’s stock and therefore classified as equity awards. Under the terms of the Plan an aggregate of 9,300,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance under the Plan.

RSUs generally vest ratably on the anniversary of the grant date over a period of one to three years, depending on the specific terms of each RSU agreement.

PSU awards generally cliff vest subsequent to the completion of the cumulative three-year performance period, depending on the period specified in each respective PSU agreement. The number of PSUs that ultimately vest depends on the Company’s performance relative to specified cumulative financial targets established for each grant and are expected to be settled in stock.

Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $1.8 million and $1.7 million, respectively.

14

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)    

A summary of activity and weighted average fair values related to the RSUs is as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	1,538,759	$	6.65
Granted	5,319	3.76
Vested	(376,821)	7.58
Forfeited	(4,569)	7.30
Outstanding and nonvested at March 31, 2023	1,162,688	$	6.32

A summary of activity and weighted average fair values related to the RSAs is as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	131,470	$	8.75
Granted	—	—
Outstanding and nonvested at March 31, 2023	131,470	$	8.75

A summary of activity and weighted average fair values related to the PSUs is as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	631,377	$	8.49
Forfeited	(2,072)	7.24
Outstanding and nonvested at March 31, 2023	629,305	$	8.49

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had not yet recognized compensation costs on nonvested awards as follows (in thousands):    

	Unrecognized Compensation Cost		Weighted Avg. Remaining Recognition Period (in years)
Nonvested awards	$	4,688	0.99

The nonvested awards excludes unvested PSUs that are deemed not probable of vesting constituting $5.3 million of unrecognized compensation expense at March 31, 2023.

15

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)    

NOTE 11: EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings (loss) per common share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Warrants issued are not considered outstanding at the date of issuance. RSUs and RSAs also are not considered outstanding until they have vested. Contingently issuable shares associated with outstanding PSUs that have cliff vesting based on achievement of a performance condition were not included in the earnings per share calculations for the periods presented as the applicable vesting conditions had not been satisfied.

Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average shares outstanding assuming dilution. Dilutive common shares outstanding is computed using the treasury stock method and reflects the additional shares that would be outstanding if dilutive warrants were exercised and restricted stock units and restricted stock awards were settled for common shares during the period.

For warrants that are liability-classified, during the periods when the impact would be dilutive, the Company assumes share settlement of the instruments as of the beginning of the reporting period and adjusts the numerator to remove the change in the fair value of warrant liability and adjusts the denominator to include the dilutive shares using the treasury stock method.

The computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share is shown below (in thousands, except for share and per share data):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
EPS numerator:
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(19,797)	$	2,726
EPS denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	42,054,904		40,017,296
Effect of dilutive securities	—		53,157
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	42,054,904		40,070,453
Net (loss) earnings per share:
Basic	$	(0.47)	$	0.07
Diluted	$	(0.47)	$	0.07

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, 20,263,300 warrants, 1,162,688 RSUs, and 131,470 RSAs were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation because they were determined to be anti-dilutive. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, 20,263,300 warrants and 839,126 RSUs were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation because they were determined to be anti-dilutive. Additionally, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, 629,305 and 808,194 PSUs, respectively, were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation because they are subject to performance conditions that were not satisfied.

16

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)    

NOTE 12: ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The following table summarizes accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”), net of taxes, by component (in thousands):

	Net Currency Translation Gains (Losses)		Funded Status of Benefit Plans		Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	8,758	$	929	$	9,687
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(2,003)		—		(2,003)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		(224)		(224)
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	6,755	$	705	$	7,460
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	(4,711)	$	3,669	$	(1,042)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	4,416		—		4,416
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		(12)		(12)
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	(295)	$	3,657	$	3,362

NOTE 13: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In December 2019, Wholesome entered into a partnership agreement to form WS Services, LLC (“WS Services”), in which Wholesome received a 50% interest and accounts for the partnership as an equity method investment. Wholesome’s investment in the partnership, which is classified as other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, was $0.7 million as of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Wholesome utilizes a warehouse leased by WS Services for storage of raw materials. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company expensed $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, related to the use of the warehouse space. The Company recorded a payable to WS Services for $0.1 million as of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

NOTE 14: BUSINESS SEGMENTS

The Company has two reportable segments: Branded CPG and Flavors & Ingredients. In addition, the Company’s corporate office functions are reported and included under Corporate. Corporate is not a reportable or operating segment but is included for reconciliation purposes and includes the costs for the corporate office administrative activities as well as transaction-related and other costs. The Company does not present assets by reportable segments as they are not reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker for purposes of assessing segment performance and allocating resources.

17

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)    

The following table presents selected financial information relating to the Company’s business segments (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Product revenues, net
Branded CPG	$	102,010	$	103,761
Flavors & Ingredients	30,407		26,831
Total product revenues, net	$	132,417	$	130,592
Operating income
Branded CPG	$	(843)	$	6,460
Flavors & Ingredients	9,536		7,827
	8,693		14,287
Corporate	(5,692)		(7,222)
Total operating income	$	3,001	$	7,065

The following table presents disaggregated revenue information for the Company (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Branded CPG:
North America	$	74,054	$	73,080
Europe	15,969		18,008
India, Middle East and Africa	3,153		3,579
Asia-Pacific	5,815		6,062
Latin America	3,019		3,032
Flavors & Ingredients	30,407		26,831
Total product revenues, net	$	132,417	$	130,592

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Item 2.         Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (“Annual Report”) and our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Exchange Act (the “Exchange Act”) concerning us and other matters. These statements may discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to future plans, trends, events, results of operations or financial condition, or otherwise, based on current beliefs of management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management.

Forward-looking statements may be accompanied by words such as “achieve,” “aim,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “drive,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “future,” “grow,” “improve,” “increase,” “intend,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would,” or similar words, phrases or expressions. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside of our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our ability to achieve or maintain profitability; the extent of the continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and any recurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, local, regional, national, and international economic conditions that have deteriorated as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic including the risks of a global recession or a recession in one or more of our key markets, and the impact they may have on us and our customers and management’s assessment of that impact; inflation and the Company’s ability to offset rising costs through pricing and productivity effectively; the projected financial information, anticipated growth rate, and market opportunity of our Branded CPG and Flavors & Ingredients business segments; the ability to maintain the listing of our securities on Nasdaq; the potential liquidity and trading of our public securities; our expected capital requirements and the availability of additional financing; our ability to attract or retain highly qualified personnel, including in accounting and finance roles; extensive and evolving government regulations that impact the way we operate; the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our suppliers, including disruptions and inefficiencies in the supply chain; factors relating to the business, operations and financial performance of our Branded CPG and Flavors & Ingredients segments; our success in integrating the various operating companies constituting Merisant and MAFCO; our ability to integrate our acquisitions and achieve the anticipated benefits of the transactions in a timely manner or at all; the ongoing conflict in Ukraine and related economic disruptions and new governmental regulations on our business, including but not limited to the potential impact on our sales, operations and supply chain; adverse changes in the global or regional general business, political and economic conditions, including the impact of continuing uncertainty and instability in certain countries, that could materially affect our global markets and the potential adverse economic impact and related uncertainty caused by these items; our ability to continue to use, maintain, enforce, protect and defend owned and licensed intellectual property, including the Whole Earth® brand; and such other factors as discussed throughout, including in Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, our information may be incomplete or limited, and we cannot guarantee future results. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available in the future.

Overview

We are a global food company enabling healthier lifestyles and providing access to high-quality, plant-based sweeteners, flavor enhancers and other foods through our diverse portfolio of trusted brands and delicious products. We operate a proven platform organized into two reportable segments.

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•Branded CPG, comprised of our Merisant division of operating companies, Wholesome and Swerve, is a global CPG business focused on building a branded portfolio oriented toward serving customers seeking better-for-you sweeteners across the zero calorie, plant-based, organic, non GMO, and Fair Trade spaces in zero/low calorie sweeteners, honey, agave and baking mix segments. Our Branded CPG products are sold under both our flagship brands, as well as local and private label brands. Our global flagship brands include Whole Earth®, Pure Via®, Wholesome®, Swerve®, Canderel®, Equal® and existing branded adjacencies.

•Flavors & Ingredients, comprised of our Mafco Worldwide division of operating companies, is a global, business-to-business focused operation with a long history as a trusted supplier of essential, functional ingredients to some of the CPG industry’s largest and most demanding customers. Our products provide a variety of solutions for our customers including flavor enhancement, flavor / aftertaste masking, moisturizing, product mouthfeel modification and skin soothing characteristics. Our Flavors & Ingredients segment operates our licorice-derived products business.

Acquisition

On December 17, 2020, we entered into a stock purchase agreement (the “Wholesome Purchase Agreement”) with WSO Investments, Inc. (“WSO Investments” and together with its subsidiaries “Wholesome”), WSO Holdings, LP (“WSO Partnership”), Edwards Billington and Son, Limited (“EBS”), WSO Holdings, LLC (“WSO LLC,” and together with WSO Partnership and EBS, the “WSO Sellers”), and WSO Partnership, in its capacity as representative for the WSO Sellers. WSO Investments is the direct parent of its wholly-owned subsidiary Wholesome Sweeteners, Incorporated, which was formed to import, market, distribute, and sell organic sugars, unrefined specialty sugars, and related products.

On February 5, 2021, pursuant to the terms of the Wholesome Purchase Agreement, (i) we purchased and acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of WSO Investments from the WSO Sellers, for (x) an initial cash purchase price of $180 million (subject to customary post-closing adjustments), plus (y) as more thoroughly described below, up to an additional $55 million (the “Earn-Out Amount”) upon the satisfaction of certain post-closing financial metrics by Wholesome; and (ii) WSO Investments became an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (collectively, the “Wholesome Transaction”). Subject to the terms and conditions of the Wholesome Purchase Agreement, and as more thoroughly described therein, payment of the Earn-Out Amount, in whole or in part, was subject to Wholesome achieving certain EBITDA thresholds at or above approximately $30 million during the period beginning August 29, 2020, and ending December 31, 2021 (the “Earn-Out Period”). A portion of the Earn-Out Amount (up to $27.5 million) could be paid, at our election, in freely tradeable, registered shares of Company common stock calculated using the 20-day volume weighted average trading price per share as of the date of determination. Calculation of the achievement of the Earn-Out Amount was subject to certain adjustments more thoroughly described in the Wholesome Purchase Agreement.

Following the completion of the Earn-Out Period, we determined, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement, that the sellers were entitled to receive the Earn-Out Amount in full. We elected to satisfy part of the Earn-Out Amount in common stock and on February 23, 2022, issued 2,659,574 shares of the Company’s common stock. The remaining $30 million portion of the $55 million Earn-Out Amount was paid in cash which was funded from available capacity under our revolving credit facility. The settlement of the earn-out resulted in a non-cash gain of $1.1 million that was recorded in the first quarter of 2022 which represents the difference in the value of the common stock issued using the 20-day volume weighted average trading price per share as compared to the trading price on the date of issuance.

Inflation and Supply Chain Impact

During the first quarter of 2023, we have continued to experience inflationary cost increases in raw materials and transportation costs, as well as supply chain challenges. We expect these cost pressures and supply chain challenges to continue during 2023. These cost increases have resulted in and could continue to result in negative impacts to our results of operations. However, we have taken measures to mitigate the impact of these inflationary pressures.

There continues to be an increasingly competitive labor market at certain of our manufacturing facilities that has led to an increase in employee turnover and changes in the availability of our workers. Labor shortages and increased turnover rates have resulted in and could continue to result in increased costs and could negatively impact our ability to meet customer demand. However, we expect we will be able to deliver products to fulfill customer orders on a timely basis and we intend to continue to monitor customer demand along with our supply chain and logistics capabilities to drive our business and meet our obligations.

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Results of Operations

Consolidated

	Three Months Ended
(In thousands)	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022		Change
Product revenues, net	$	132,417	$	130,592	+1.4	%
Cost of goods sold	100,076		91,034		+9.9	%
Gross profit	32,341		39,558		-18.2	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses	24,689		27,788		-11.2	%
Amortization of intangible assets	4,651		4,705		-1.1	%
Operating income	3,001		7,065		-57.5	%
Interest expense, net	(10,704)		(6,032)		+77.5	%
Other (expense) income, net	(629)		2,817		*
(Loss) income before income taxes	(8,332)		3,850		*
Provision for income taxes	11,465		1,124		*
Net (loss) income	$	(19,797)	$	2,726	*

* Represents positive or negative change equal to, or in excess of 100%

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

Product revenues, net. Product revenues, net for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were $132.4 million, an increase of $1.8 million, or 1.4%, from $130.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 due to a $3.6 million increase in product revenues at Flavors & Ingredients, partially offset by a $1.8 million decrease in product revenues in the Branded CPG segment. The increase in Flavors & Ingredients revenues was primarily driven by volume growth and price increases, partially offset by unfavorable impacts from foreign exchange, as further discussed below. The decrease in Branded CPG revenues was driven primarily by declines in volume and unfavorable impacts from foreign exchange, largely offset by prices increases, as further discussed below.

Cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $100.1 million, an increase of $9.0 million, or 9.9%, from $91.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to increased volume at Flavors & Ingredients, increased raw materials costs due to inflationary pressures, product mix and costs associated with the supply chain reinvention. Additionally, the prior year period included $1.6 million of favorable purchase accounting adjustments related to inventory revaluations that did not reoccur in the current quarter as all inventory revaluation purchase accounting adjustments were fully amortized as of June 30, 2022.

Selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were $24.7 million, a decrease of $3.1 million, or 11.2%, from $27.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 primarily due to a $1.2 million decrease in bonus expense, a $0.3 million favorable adjustment to severance and related expenses, as well as a $0.6 million decline in transaction-related expenses that did not reoccur in 2023 and a $0.5 million decline in marketing costs, partially offset by a $0.4 million impairment of fixed assets related to idled production lines at our Decatur, Alabama facility.

Amortization of intangible assets. Amortization of intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was essentially flat compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Interest expense, net. Interest expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $10.7 million, an increase of $4.7 million, or 77.5%, from $6.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to higher interest rates for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 as well as higher debt levels under our revolving credit facility.

21

Other (expense) income, net. Other expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $0.6 million compared to income of $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The first quarter of 2023 primarily reflected realized foreign exchange losses of $0.9 million, partially offset by equity income of $0.2 million. The prior year period included a $1.0 million non-cash settlement gain related to the termination of our qualified defined benefit pension plan at Flavors & Ingredients, a $1.1 million non-cash gain related to the settlement of the Wholesome acquisition earn-out, as further described above and a $0.9 million gain on the change in the fair value of warrant liabilities.

Provision for income taxes. The provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $11.5 million. The provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $1.1 million. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was an income tax provision of (137.6%), compared to an income tax provision of 29.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to an increase in the valuation allowance related to interest expense for which deductibility is limited under IRC §163(j), foreign income at different rates, non-deductible permanent differences, state and local taxes, the U.S. tax effect of international operations including Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) recorded during the period, and the discrete tax provision related primarily to tax expense for a shortfall of the tax benefits on stock-based awards that have vested and the remeasurement of state deferred tax assets as a result of state law changes enacted during the quarter. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to state and local taxes, non-deductible permanent differences, limited benefit on current year interest deductions and losses in certain jurisdictions, the change in the fair value of warrant liabilities, foreign income at different rates and the U.S. tax effect of international operations including GILTI recorded during the period.

Branded CPG

	Three Months Ended
(In thousands)	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022		Change
Product revenues, net	$	102,010	$	103,761	-1.7	%
Operating (loss) income	$	(843)	$	6,460	*

* Represents positive or negative change equal to, or in excess of 100%

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

Segment product revenues, net. Product revenues, net for Branded CPG for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were $102.0 million, a decrease of $1.8 million, or 1.7%, from $103.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, driven by a $9.5 million decline due to lower volumes and a $1.5 million unfavorable impact of foreign exchange, partially offset by a $9.2 million increase in sales primarily due to higher pricing.

Segment operating (loss) income. Operating loss for Branded CPG for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $0.8 million, a decrease of $7.3 million from operating income of $6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to increases in costs associated with the supply chain reinvention of $1.5 million, increased raw materials costs due to inflationary pressures, a $0.4 million impairment of fixed assets related to idled production lines at our Decatur, Alabama facility and higher stock-based compensation expense of $0.4 million, partially offset by a $0.5 million decrease in marketing costs.

22

Flavors & Ingredients

	Three Months Ended
(In thousands)	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022		Change
Product revenues, net	$	30,407	$	26,831	+13.3	%
Operating income	$	9,536	$	7,827	+21.8	%

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

Segment product revenues, net. Product revenues, net for Flavors & Ingredients for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were $30.4 million, an increase of $3.6 million, or 13.3%, from $26.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily driven by increases in licorice extracts due to both volume and price growth, partially offset by a $0.3 million unfavorable impact of foreign exchange.

Segment operating income. Operating income for Flavors & Ingredients for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $9.5 million, an increase of $1.7 million, or 21.8%, from $7.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily driven by higher revenues. Additionally, the prior year period included $1.6 million of favorable purchase accounting adjustments related to inventory revaluations that did not reoccur as all inventory revaluation purchase accounting adjustments were fully amortized as of June 30, 2022.

Corporate

	Three Months Ended
(In thousands)	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022		Change
Operating loss	$	(5,692)	$	(7,222)	-21.2	%

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

Operating loss. Operating loss for Corporate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $5.7 million, a decrease of $1.5 million, or 21.2%, from $7.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily driven by a $1.0 million decline in compensation expense, largely due to a favorable adjustment to severance and related expenses and lower bonus expense, as well as a $0.4 million decrease due to transaction-related expenses that did not reoccur in 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have historically funded operations with cash flow from operations and, when needed, with borrowings, which are described below.

We believe our sources of liquidity and capital, and our Credit Facilities will be sufficient to finance our continued operations, growth strategy and additional expenses we expect to incur for at least the next twelve months.

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The following table shows summary cash flow information for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	4,067	$	4,446
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,556)		(3,226)
Net cash used in financing activities	(5,343)		(337)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	788		186
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	(2,044)	$	1,069

Operating activities. Net cash provided by operating activities was $4.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to cash provided by operating activities of $4.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in cash provided by operations was primarily attributable to higher interest and income tax payments being largely offset by favorable working capital changes during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Cash paid for income taxes, net of income tax refunds was $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Cash paid for interest for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $10.3 million compared to $5.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Investing activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $1.6 million and $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and primarily related to capital expenditures.

Financing activities. Net cash used in financing activities was $5.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and reflects repayments of the revolving credit facility of $4.0 million, repayments of long-term debt of $0.9 million and payments of $0.4 million for employee tax withholdings related to net share settlements of stock-based awards. Net cash used in financing activities was $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and reflects $30.0 million of proceeds from the revolving credit facility, repayments of long-term debt of $0.9 million, cash payment for the Wholesome acquisition earn-out of $29.1 million (amount is net of $0.9 million related to transaction bonuses paid in connection with the earn-out and reflected in operating activities) and payments of $0.3 million for employee tax withholdings related to net share settlements of stock-based awards.

Debt

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, term loan borrowings were $359.3 million and $359.9 million, respectively, net of debt issuance costs of $8.2 million and $8.5 million, respectively. There were $72.0 million and $76.0 million of borrowings under the revolving credit facility as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Additionally, as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, unamortized debt issuance costs related to the revolving credit facility were $1.8 million and $2.0 million, respectively, which are included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were $3.3 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of outstanding letters of credit that reduced our availability under the revolving credit facility. See Note 7 to our consolidated and combined financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for further information and significant terms and conditions associated with the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Facility.

As further described in Note 2, following the completion of the Wholesome Earn-Out Period, we determined, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement, that the sellers were entitled to receive the Earn-Out Amount in full. We elected to satisfy part of the Earn-Out Amount in common stock and on February 23, 2022, issued 2,659,574 shares of the Company’s common stock. The remaining $30 million portion of the $55 million Earn-Out Amount was paid in cash which was funded from available capacity under our revolving credit facility.

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On June 15, 2022, we and certain of our subsidiaries entered into a first amendment (the “First Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of February 5, 2021 (the “Amended and Restated Loan Agreement”). The First Amendment increased the aggregate principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility from $75 million to $125 million (the “Amended Revolving Credit Facility”) and transitioned from LIBOR to Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the benchmark for purposes of calculating interest for all loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. At our election, loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement will accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to (i) term SOFR plus 0.10%, 0.15%, or 0.25% in case of, respectively, a one-month, three-month, or six-month interest period (“Adjusted Term SOFR”), or (ii) the greater of the prime rate, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50%, and one-month Adjusted Term SOFR plus 1.00%, in each case plus the applicable margin which is equal to (i) with respect to Amended Revolving Credit Facility and letters of credit, (A) 2.75%, in the case of base rate advances, and (B) 3.75% in the case of SOFR advances, and (ii) with respect to the Term Loan Facility, (A) 3.50%, in the case of base rate advances, and (B) 4.50% in the case of SOFR advances. In connection with the First Amendment, we paid fees and incurred transaction costs of $0.7 million, all of which was deferred.

The transition to SOFR did not materially impact the interest rates applied to our borrowings. No other material changes were made to the terms of our Amended and Restated Loan Agreement as a result of the First Amendment.

On April 24, 2023, we and certain of our subsidiaries entered into a second amendment (the “Second Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. The Second Amendment changed the maximum consolidated total leverage ratio covenant as follows: (i) the consolidated total leverage ratio will temporarily increase by 0.25 turns for the first quarter of 2023, 0.5 turns on a quarterly basis through the fourth quarter of 2023, and 0.25 turns in the first quarter of 2024; and (ii) beginning in the second quarter of 2024, the consolidated total leverage ratio will return to a level not to exceed 5.5x. No other material changes were made in terms of our Amended and Restated Loan Agreement as a result of the Second Amendment.

Critical Accounting Policies and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

There have been no changes to critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in our audited consolidated and combined financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022. For information regarding our critical accounting policies and accounting pronouncements, see our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes to those statements included under Item 1. hereof and our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 3.       Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no significant changes in market risk from those addressed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 during the three months ended March 31, 2023. See the information set forth in Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 4.       Controls and Procedures

Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). The Company’s management and the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2023.

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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.       Legal Proceedings.

There have been no material developments in our legal proceedings since we filed our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Refer to “Part I. Item 3. Legal Proceedings” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for additional information regarding legal proceedings.

Item 1A.   Risk Factors.

We discuss in our filings with the SEC various risks that may materially affect our business. The materialization of any risks and uncertainties identified in forward-looking statements contained in this report together with those previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and our other filings with the SEC or those that are presently unforeseen could result in significant adverse effects on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See “Part 1, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Forward-looking Statements.” There have been no material changes in the risk factors previously disclosed in the section entitled “Item 1A-Risk Factors” of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, including the risk factors incorporated by reference therein.

Item 2.       Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3.       Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4.       Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5.       Other Information.

None.

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Item 6.        Exhibits.

The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

No.	Description of Exhibit
3.1	Certificate of Incorporation of Whole Earth Brands, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Whole Earth Brands, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 30, 2020).
3.2	Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of Whole Earth Brands, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Whole Earth Brands, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 12, 2021).
3.3	Bylaws of Whole Earth Brands, Inc. (as amended through June 30, 2021) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Whole Earth Brands, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 1, 2021).
10.1	Offer Letter, effective as of April 6, 2023, by and between the Company and Michael Franklin (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Whole Earth Brands, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 12, 2023).
10.2	Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated as of April 24, 2023, by and among Whole Earth Brands, Inc., certain domestic subsidiaries thereto, Toronto Dominion (Texas) LLC as administrative agent thereunder, and certain lenders signatory thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Whole Earth Brands, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 25, 2023).
10.3	Offer Letter, effective as of April 24, 2023, by and between the Company and Bernardo Fiaux (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Whole Earth Brands, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 25, 2023).
31.1*	Certification of Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*	Certification of Principal Financial Officer, pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**	Certification of Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2**	Certification of Principal Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL Document
101.SCH*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*	The cover page for the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q has been formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

*	Filed herewith.
**	Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
		/s/ Michael Franklin
Date: May 10, 2023	Name:	Michael Franklin
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer and Director
		(Principal Executive Officer)
		/s/ Bernardo Fiaux
Date: May 10, 2023	Name:	Bernardo Fiaux
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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