Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

A. Basis of Presentation—the accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Company is an investment company and follows accounting and reporting guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 946 — “Financial Services — Investment Companies.” In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, considered necessary for the fair statement of the consolidated financial statements for the periods presented, have been included.

B. Consolidation—As provided under Regulation S-X and ASC Topic 946 – “Financial Services – Investment Companies”, the Company will generally not consolidate its investment in a company other than a wholly-owned investment company or controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Company.

Accordingly, the Company consolidated the accounts of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Kayne Anderson BDC Financing, LLC, (“KABDCF”); Kayne Anderson BDC Financing II, LLC (“KABDCF II”); KABDC Corp, LLC and KABDC Corp II, LLC in its consolidated financial statements. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. KABDC Corp, LLC and KABDC Corp II, LLC are Delaware LLCs that have elected to be treated as corporations for U.S. tax purposes and were formed to facilitate compliance with the requirements to be treated as a RIC under the Code by holding (directly or indirectly through a subsidiary) equity or equity related investments in portfolio companies organized as limited liability companies or limited partnerships.

C. Use of Estimates—the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

D. Cash and Cash Equivalents—cash and cash equivalents include short-term, liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less and include money market fund accounts. Cash equivalents, which are the Company’s investments in money market fund accounts, are presented on the Company’s consolidated schedule of investments, and within investments on the Company’s consolidated statement of assets and liabilities.

E. Investment Valuation, Fair Value—the Company conducts the valuation of its investments consistent with GAAP and the 1940 Act. The Company’s investments will be valued no less frequently than quarterly, in accordance with the terms of Topic 820 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures (“ASC 820”).

Pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act, the Board of Directors has designated the Advisor as the “valuation designee” to perform fair value determinations of the Company’s portfolio holdings, subject to oversight by and periodic reporting to the Board. The valuation designee performs fair valuation of the Company’s portfolio holdings in accordance with the Advisor’s Valuation Program, as approved by the Board.

Traded Investments (Level 1 or Level 2)

Investments for which market quotations are readily available will typically be valued at those market quotations. Traded investments such as corporate bonds, preferred stock, bank notes, broadly syndicated loans or loan participations are valued by using the bid price provided by an independent pricing service, by an independent broker, the agent bank, syndicate bank or principal market maker. When price quotes for investments are not available, or such prices are stale or do not represent fair value in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor, fair market value will be determined using the Advisor’s valuation process for investments that are privately issued or otherwise restricted as to resale.

The Company may also invest, to a lesser extent, in equity securities purchased in conjunction with debt investments. While the Company anticipates these equity securities to be issued by privately held companies, the Company may hold equity securities that are publicly traded. Equity securities listed on any exchange other than the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”) are valued, except as indicated below, at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the mean of the most recent bid and ask prices on such day. Securities admitted to trade on the NASDAQ are valued at the NASDAQ official closing price. Equity securities traded on more than one securities exchange are valued at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined at the close of the exchange representing the principal market for such securities. Equity securities traded in the over-the-counter market, but excluding securities admitted to trading on the NASDAQ, are valued at the closing bid prices.

Non-Traded Investments (Level 3)

Investments that are privately issued or otherwise restricted as to resale, as well as any security for which (a) reliable market quotations are not available in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor, or (b) the independent pricing service or independent broker does not provide prices or provides a price that in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor is stale or does not represent fair value, shall each be valued in a manner that most fairly reflects fair value of the security on the valuation date. The Company expects that a significant majority of its investments will be Level 3 investments. Unless otherwise determined by the Advisor, the following valuation process is used for the Company’s Level 3 investments:

● Valuation Designee. The applicable investments will be valued no less frequently than quarterly by the Advisor, with new investments valued at the time such investment was made. The value of each Level 3 investment will be initially reviewed by the persons responsible for such portfolio company or investment. The Advisor will use a standardized template designed to approximate fair market value based on observable market inputs, updated credit statistics and unobservable inputs to determine a preliminary value. The Advisor will specify the titles of the persons responsible for determining the fair value of Company investments, including by specifying the particular functions for which they are responsible, and will reasonably segregate fair value determinations from the portfolio management of the Company such that the portfolio manager(s) may not determine, or effectively determine by exerting substantial influence on, the fair values ascribed to portfolio investments.

● Valuation Firm. Quarterly, a third-party valuation firm engaged by the Advisor reviews the valuation methodologies and calculations employed for each of the Company’s investments that the Advisor has placed on the “watch list” and approximately 25% of the Company’s remaining investments. The third-party valuation firm will review and independently value all of the Level 3 investments at least once per year, on a rolling twelve-month basis. The quarterly report issued by the third-party valuation firm will provide positive assurance on the fair values of the investments reviewed.

● Oversight. The Board has appointed the Advisor as the valuation designee for the Company for purposes of making determinations of fair value as permitted by Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Audit Committee shall aid the Board in overseeing the Advisor’s fair valuation of securities that are not publicly traded or for which current market values are not readily available. The Audit Committee shall meet quarterly to review the fair value determinations, processes and written reports of the Advisor as part of the Board’s oversight responsibilities.

Determination of fair value involves subjective judgments and estimates. Accordingly, the notes to the Company’s financial statements will express the uncertainty with respect to the possible effect of such valuations, and any change in such valuations, on the Company’s financial statements.

F. Interest Income Recognition— Interest income is recorded on an accrual basis and includes the accretion of discounts, amortization of premiums and payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest. Discounts from and premiums to par value on investments purchased are accreted/amortized into interest income over the life of the respective security using the effective yield method. To the extent loans contain PIK provisions, PIK interest, computed at the contractual rate specified in each applicable agreement, is accrued and recorded as interest income and added to the principal balance of the loan. PIK interest income added to the principal balance is generally collected upon repayment of the outstanding principal. The Company does not accrue PIK interest if, in the opinion of the Advisor, the portfolio company valuation indicates that the PIK interest is not likely to be collectible. If the Company believes PIK is not expected to be realized, the investment generating PIK will be placed on non-accrual status. When a PIK investment is placed on non-accrual status, the accrued, uncapitalized interest is generally reversed through PIK interest income. Previously capitalized PIK interest is not reversed when an investment is placed on non-accrual status. To maintain the Company’s status as a RIC, this non-cash source of income must be paid out to stockholders in the form of dividends for the year the income was earned, even though the Company has not yet collected the cash. The amortized cost of investments represents the original cost adjusted for any accretion of discounts, amortization of premiums and PIK interest. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $284 and $165, respectively, of PIK interest included in interest income, which represents 0.6% and 0.5%, respectively, of aggregate interest income.

Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when it has been determined that a significant impairment in the financial condition and ability of the borrower to repay principal and interest has occurred and is expected to continue such that it is probable the collectability of full amount of the loan (principal and interest) is doubtful. Accrued and unpaid interest is generally reversed when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. If cash payments are received subsequent to a loan being placed on non-accrual status, these payments will first be applied to previously accrued but uncollected interest, then to recover the principal. Additionally, any original issue discount and market discount are no longer accreted to interest income as of the date the loan is placed on non-accrual status. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest are paid or there is no longer a reasonable doubt that such principal or interest will be collected in full and, in the Company’s judgment, principal and interest are likely to remain current. The Company may make exceptions to this policy if the loan has sufficient collateral value (i.e., typically measured as enterprise value of the portfolio company) or is in the process of collection. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had one debt investment on non-accrual status, which comprised 0.4% and 0.4%, respectively, of total debt investments at cost and fair value. As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not have any debt investments in portfolio companies on non-accrual status.

G. Debt Issuance Costs—Costs incurred by the Company related to the issuance of its debt (credit facilities) are capitalized and amortized over the period the debt is outstanding. The Company has classified the costs incurred to issue its credit facilities as a deduction from the carrying value of the credit facilities on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. For the purpose of calculating the Company’s asset coverage ratios pursuant to the 1940 Act, deferred issuance costs are not deducted from the carrying value of debt or preferred stock.

H. Dividends to Common Stockholders—Dividends to common stockholders are recorded on the record date. The amount to be paid out as a dividend is determined by the Company’s board of directors each quarter and is generally based upon the earnings estimated by management and considers the level of undistributed taxable income carried forward from the prior year for distribution in the current year. Net realized capital gains, if any, are generally distributed, although the Company may decide to retain such capital gains for investment.

I. Income Taxes—it is the Company’s intention to continue to be treated as and to qualify each year for special tax treatment afforded a RIC under the Code. As long as the Company meets certain requirements that govern its sources of income, diversification of assets and timely distribution of earnings to stockholders, the Company will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.

The Company must pay distributions equal to 90% of its investment company taxable income (ordinary income and short-term capital gains) to qualify as a RIC and it must distribute all of its taxable income (ordinary income, short-term capital gains and long-term capital gains) to avoid federal income taxes. The Company will be subject to federal income tax on any undistributed portion of income. For purposes of the distribution test, the Company may elect to treat as paid on the last day of its taxable year all or part of any distributions that are declared after the end of its taxable year if such distributions are declared before the due date of its tax return, including any extensions.

All RICs are subject to a non-deductible 4% excise tax on income that is not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with the calendar year distribution requirements. To avoid the tax, the Company must distribute during each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year, (ii) 98.2% of its net capital gains for the one-year period ending on December 31, the last day of our taxable year, and (iii) undistributed amounts from previous years on which the Company paid no U.S. federal income tax. A distribution will be treated as paid during the calendar year if it is paid during the calendar year or declared by the Company in October, November or December of such year, payable to stockholders of record on a date during such months and paid by the Company no later than January of the following year. Any such distributions paid during January of the following year will be deemed to be received by stockholders on December 31 of the year the distributions are declared, rather than when the distributions are actually received.

The Company evaluates tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing its financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold are reserved and recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. All penalties and interest associated with income taxes are included in income tax expense. Conclusions regarding tax positions are subject to review and may be adjusted at a later date based on factors including, but not limited to, on-going analyses of tax laws, regulations and interpretations thereof.

J. Commitments and Contingencies—in the normal course of business, the Company may enter into contracts that provide a variety of general indemnifications. Any exposure to the Company under these arrangements could involve future claims that may be made against the Company. Currently, no such claims exist or are expected to arise and, accordingly, the Company has not accrued any liability in connection with such indemnifications.