Exhibit 99.1
Positivo Soluções Didáticas | ||
Unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements as of October 31, 2019 | ||
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
Contents
Unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out balance sheets | 3 |
Unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out statements of comprehensive income | 4 |
Unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out statements of changes in parent´s net investments | 5 |
Condensed combined carve-out statements of cash flows - indirect method | 6 |
Notes to the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements | 7 |
2
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out balance sheets
(In thousands of Reais – R$ thousand)
Assets | Note | 10/31/2019 | 12/31/2018 | Liabilities | Note | 10/31/2019 | 12/31/2018 | |||||||||||||||
Current assets | Current liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 5 | 37,609 | 20,328 | Suppliers | 6,381 | 14,039 | ||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable | 6 | 65,142 | 99,766 | Salaries, provisions and social contributions | 21,513 | 19,964 | ||||||||||||||||
Inventories | 7 | 6,622 | 5,909 | Taxes payable | 1,391 | 1,942 | ||||||||||||||||
Recoverable taxes | 138 | 195 | Income tax and social contribution payable | 17,927 | 11,858 | |||||||||||||||||
Recoverable income tax (IRPJ) and social contribution (CSLL) | 5 | 126 | Advances from clients | 183 | 183 | |||||||||||||||||
Advances to suppliers - related parties | 11 | 8,834 | - | Lease payable | 10 | 2,358 | - | |||||||||||||||
Other receivables | 1,462 | 1,457 | Other liabilities | 6,729 | 7,943 | |||||||||||||||||
119,812 | 127,781 | 56,482 | 55,929 | |||||||||||||||||||
Non-current assets | Non-current liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||
Judicial deposits | 19 | 48 | Advances from clients | 426 | 578 | |||||||||||||||||
Deferred income tax and social contribution | 8,104 | 15,934 | Taxes payable | 438 | 518 | |||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | 8 | 10,015 | 4,095 | Provision for tax, civil and labor risks | 4,649 | 5,359 | ||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets | 9 | 35,020 | 32,156 | Lease payable | 10 | 3,016 | - | |||||||||||||||
53,158 | 52,233 | 8,529 | 6,455 | |||||||||||||||||||
Parent´s net investments | 107,959 | 117,630 | ||||||||||||||||||||
172,970 | 180,014 | 172,970 | 180,014 |
See the accompanying notes to the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements.
3
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out statements of comprehensive income
For the ten-month ended October 31
(In thousands of Reais – R$ thousand)
Note | 10/31/2019 | 10/31/2018 | ||||||||
Net revenue from sales | 12 | 321,559 | 324,179 | |||||||
Cost of sales | 13 | (87,750 | ) | (77,263 | ) | |||||
Gross profit | 233,809 | 246,916 | ||||||||
Operating expense | ||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 13 | (53,245 | ) | (53,211 | ) | |||||
Selling and distribution expenses | 13 | (60,279 | ) | (49,385 | ) | |||||
Other operating income, net | 45 | 736 | ||||||||
Impairment loss on accounts receivable | 13 | (789 | ) | (3,132 | ) | |||||
Income before financial income and taxes | 119,541 | 141,924 | ||||||||
Financial income | ||||||||||
Financial revenues | 14 | 3,973 | 3,480 | |||||||
Financial expenses | 14 | (1,078 | ) | (1,374 | ) | |||||
Income before income tax and social contribution | 122,436 | 144,030 | ||||||||
Income tax and social contribution | ||||||||||
Current | (33,399 | ) | (50,933 | ) | ||||||
Deferred | (7,830 | ) | 1,968 | |||||||
Net income for the year | 81,207 | 95,065 |
See the accompanying notes to the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements.
4
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out statements of changes in parent´s net investments
For the ten-month ended October 31
(In thousands of Reais – R$ thousand)
Note | Parent´s net investments | |||||||
Balances at December 31, 2017 | 54,537 | |||||||
Net income for the period | 95,065 | |||||||
Net investments | (89,873 | ) | ||||||
Balances at October 31, 2018 (unaudited) | 59,729 | |||||||
Balances at December 31, 2018 | 117,630 | |||||||
Net income for the period | 81,207 | |||||||
Profit distribution | 11 | (82,000 | ) | |||||
Net investments | (8,878 | ) | ||||||
Balances at October 31, 2019 (unaudited) | 107,959 |
See the accompanying notes to the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements.
5
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Condensed combined carve-out statements of cash flows - indirect method
For the ten-month ended October 31
(In thousands of Reais – R$ thousand)
Note | 10/31/2019 | 10/31/2018 | ||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||||||
Net income for the year | 81,207 | 95,065 | ||||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile the net income for the period with cash generated by operating activities: | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 13 | 10,469 | 8,359 | |||||||||
Impairment loss on accounts receivable | 13 | 789 | 3,132 | |||||||||
Provision (reversal) for obsolete inventories | 13 | (89 | ) | 479 | ||||||||
Provision for tax, civil and labor risks | 13 | (1,032 | ) | 1,510 | ||||||||
Provision for interest on loans | - | 715 | ||||||||||
Provision for interest on leases | 14 | 351 | - | |||||||||
Deferred income tax and social contribution | 7,830 | (1,968 | ) | |||||||||
(Increase) decrease in operating assets: | ||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable | 33,835 | 50,526 | ||||||||||
Inventories | (624 | ) | 3,589 | |||||||||
Recoverable taxes | 57 | (6 | ) | |||||||||
Recoverable income tax (IRPJ) and social contribution (CSLL) | 121 | - | ||||||||||
Advances to suppliers - related parties | (8,834 | ) | - | |||||||||
Miscellaneous credits | (5 | ) | 988 | |||||||||
Judicial deposits | 29 | (19 | ) | |||||||||
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities: | ||||||||||||
Suppliers | (7,658 | ) | (14,326 | ) | ||||||||
Salaries, provisions and social contributions | 1,549 | 3,885 | ||||||||||
Taxes payable | (631 | ) | (165 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax and social contribution payable | 6,069 | 185 | ||||||||||
Advances from clients | (152 | ) | 791 | |||||||||
Other liabilities | (1,214 | ) | (2,349 | ) | ||||||||
122,067 | 150,391 | |||||||||||
Interest paid | 10 | (334 | ) | - | ||||||||
Lawsuits and proceedings paid | 322 | 82 | ||||||||||
Net cash generated in operating activities | 122,055 | 150,473 | ||||||||||
Cash flows from investment activities | ||||||||||||
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment | 8 | (1,473 | ) | (1,442 | ) | |||||||
Additions to intangible assets | 9 | (9,943 | ) | (9,003 | ) | |||||||
Net cash used in investment activities | (11,416 | ) | (10,445 | ) | ||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||||||||
Loans | - | 6,873 | ||||||||||
Payment of principal on loans | - | (56,965 | ) | |||||||||
Payment of leases - principal | 10 | (2,480 | ) | - | ||||||||
Dividends paid | 11 | (82,000 | ) | - | ||||||||
Parent´s net investment | (8,878 | ) | (89,873 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash invested in financing activities | (93,358 | ) | (139,965 | ) | ||||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 17,281 | 63 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year | 5 | 20,328 | 351 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | 5 | 37,609 | 414 | |||||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 17,281 | 63 |
See the accompanying notes to the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements.
6
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
Notes to the unaudited interim condensed combined financial statements
(Amounts expressed in thousands of Reais, unless otherwise indicated)
1 | General information |
Positivo Soluções Didáticas (hereinafter referred to as the "Business" and “Positivo Soluções Didáticas”) represents the combination of the historical financial statements of Positivo Soluções Didáticas Ltda. and Editora Piá Ltda., and the carve-out of the financial position and results operations of the private sector (“K-12”) and those in the scope of National Program for Didactic Books (“PNLD”) carried out by Editora Positivo Ltda (hereinafter referred as “Parent Company”)
The Business’ activities include conception, production and commercial distribution of the Learning System comprised of integrated solutions of printed (integrated educational books, literature and pedagogical support) and digital (digital books and teaching-learning platform denominated: Positivo On) contents, training of teachers for each area of knowledge.
Accordingly, businesses conducted by Positivo Soluções Didáticas include:
· | Sistema Positivo de Ensino (“SPE”) and Conquista: comprised of Teaching Systems in Portuguese provided to private schools throughout Brazil; |
· | Positivo English Solution (“PES”): comprised of Teaching Systems in English provided to private schools throughout Brazil; and |
· | Literature Books: editing and commercialization of didactic and literature books in the general market (distributors and resellers), and in the scope of the PNLD. |
Under its articles of association, the three companies with operations that are included in these unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements are allowed to engaged in: (i) edition and trading of school material, especially books, handouts and maps, (ii) commercial distribution of authors’ property rights, (iii) phonographic production, recording and trading of musical compact disc (CD), (iv) provision of graphic creation and editing services, and (v) provision of courses, lectures, trainings, seminars and continued education for personal and professional development, sundry advisory, as well as conduction of operation denominated "factoring".
Up to November 1, 2018, the activities related to private sector operations (“K-12”) and those in the scope of PNLD described in these financial statements were included in Editora Positivo Ltda. On November 1, 2018, a corporate restructuring was completed to spin-off of SPE, Conquista, PES and Literature Books operations to Positivo Soluções Didáticas Ltda. As the entities involved were under common control, this reorganization was accounted for using the historical basis of the assets and liabilities. Additionally, this reorganization did not result in a change in the shareholding structure of the entities.
7
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
On May 7, 2019, Arco Platform Limited (“Arco”), a U.S foreign private issuer entity, entered into a definitive agreement to acquire aforementioned operations included in these unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements. On November 1, 2019, Arco concluded the transaction and accordingly, on that date, Arco acquired control of Positivo Soluções Didáticas.
2 | Preparation basis and presentation of the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements |
These unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 - Interim Financial Reporting, and should be read in conjunction with the Business’ last annual combined carve-out financial statements as at and for the year ended 31 December 2018 (‘last annual combined carve-out financial statements’). However, selected explanatory notes are included to explain events and transactions that are significant to an understanding of the changes in the Business’ financial position and performance since the last annual financial statements.
The unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements are presented in thousands of Brazilian Real (“BRL”), which is the Business functional currency. All financial information presented in BRL has been rounded to the nearest thousand value, except otherwise indicated.
This is the first set of the Business’ financial statements in which IFRS 16 has been applied. Changes to significant accounting policies are described in Note 3.
These unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements were authorized for issue by Management on March 20, 2020.
3 | Changes in significant accounting policies |
Except as described below, the accounting policies applied in these unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements are the same as those applied in the last annual financial statements. The Business has not early adopted any other standard, interpretation or amendment that has been issued but is not yet effective.
The Business applies, as from January 1, 2019, IFRS 16 - Leases. As required by IAS 34, the nature and effect of these changes are disclosed below.
Other amendments and interpretations of IFRS became applicable as from January 1, 2019; however, these changes did not have an impact on the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements of the Business.
IFRS 16 - Leases
IFRS 16 supersedes IAS 17 Leases, IFRIC 4 Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease, SIC-15 Operating Leases-Incentives and SIC-27 Evaluating the Substance of Transactions Involving the Legal Form of a Lease. The standard sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases and requires lessees to account for all leases under a single on-balance sheet model.
8
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
The Business has lease contracts for properties and vehicles. Before the adoption of IFRS 16, the Business did not have finance lease prior to December 31, 2018. The leased property was not capitalized and the lease payments were recognized as rent expense in the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out statement of comprehensive income on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Upon adoption of IFRS 16, the Business applied a single recognition and measurement approach for all leases, except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets.
In the adoption of IFRS 16, the leases will impact the financial information due to:
(a) | Recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out balance sheet initially measured at present value of the future minimum lease payments; |
(b) | Recognition of depreciation expenses of right-of-use assets and interest expense on lease liabilities in the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out statement of comprehensive income; and |
(c) | Separation of the total amount of cash paid on these transactions between principal (presented within financing activities) and interest (presented in operating activities) in the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out statement of cash flow. |
a. | The effect of adoption IFRS 16 |
The Business applied the forward-looking transition approach and did not restate comparative amounts for the year prior to first adoption. Right-of-use assets for property leases were measured on transition as if the new rules had always been applied. All other right-of-use assets were measured at the amount of the lease liability on adoption (adjusted for any prepaid or accrued lease expenses).
In the transition process, the Business chose to use the practical expedient that allows not to reevaluate whether a contract is or contains a lease. The main impacts are related to the leasing operations of third-party real estate and leased vehicles.
As permitted, short-term leases (lease term of 12 months or less) and leases of low value assets (such as personal computers and office furniture) will maintain recognition of their lease expenses on a straight-line basis in the income statement.
The Business also applied the available practical expedients wherein it:
· | Use of a single discount rate for each rental portfolio with reasonably similar characteristics. In this sense, the incremental funding rate, measured on January 1, 2019, applicable to each of the leased asset portfolios, was obtained. Through this methodology, the Business obtained a weighted average rate of 6.5%; |
· | Applied the short-term leases exemptions to leases with lease term that ends within 12 months at the date of initial application; |
· | Excluded the initial direct costs from the measurement of the right-of-use asset at the date of initial application; |
9
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
· | Used hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains options to extend or terminate the lease; |
· | The Business did not separate non-lease components from contracts that also have lease components; |
As a result of the above facts, the Business recognized the following amounts in the opening balances of its balance sheet:
December 31, 2018 | Opening adjustments | January 1, 2019 | ||||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||||
Fixed assets | 4,095 | 7,678 | 11,773 | |||||||||
Deferred taxes | 16,581 | - | 16,581 | |||||||||
Total assets | 20,676 | 7,678 | 28,354 | |||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||||||
Leases payable | - | 2,952 | 2,952 | |||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||||
Leases payable | - | 4,726 | 4,726 | |||||||||
Total liabilities | - | 7,678 | 7,678 |
Additionally, the table below summarizes the accounting impacts of the adoption of this new accounting pronouncement on the interim condensed combined carve-out statement of comprehensive income for the period of ten months ended on October 31, 2019:
October 31, 2019 | ||||
Statement of comprehensive income | ||||
Depreciation | (2,597 | ) | ||
Financial expenses | (351 | ) | ||
Deferred income tax and social contribution | 108 | |||
(2,840 | ) |
b. | Summary of new accounting policies |
Set out below are the new accounting policies of the Business upon adoption of IFRS 16, which have been applied from the date of initial application:
(i) | Right-of-use assets |
The Business recognizes right-of-use assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date the underlying asset is available for use). Right-of-use assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of right-of-use assets includes the amount of lease liabilities recognized, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received. The recognized right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of its estimated useful life and the lease term.
10
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
(ii) | Lease liabilities |
At the commencement date of the lease, the Business recognizes lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments) less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees. The lease payments also include the exercise price of a purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised by the Business and payments of penalties for terminating a lease, if the lease term reflects the Business exercising the option to terminate. The variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate are recognized as expense in the period on which the event or condition that triggers the payment occurs.
In calculating the present value of lease payments, the Business uses the incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date if the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. The accounting amount of the lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a change in the term of the lease, a change in fixed lease payments or a change in valuation to purchase the right-of-use asset.
(iii) | Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets |
The Business applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases of properties (i.e., those leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date and do not contain a purchase option). It also applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases of office equipment that are considered of low value. Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease.
(iv) | Significant judgement in determining the lease term of contracts with renewal options |
The Business determines the lease term as the non-cancellable term of the lease, together with any periods covered by an option to extend the lease if it is reasonably certain to be exercised, or any periods covered by an option to terminate the lease, if reasonably certain to be exercised.
The Business has the option, under some of its leases to lease the assets for additional terms. The Business applies judgment in evaluating whether it is reasonably certain to exercise the option to renew. That is, it considers all relevant factors that create an economic incentive for it to exercise the renewal. After the commencement date, the Business reassesses the lease term if there is a significant event or change in circumstances that is within its control and affects its ability to exercise (or not to exercise) the option to renew (e.g., a change in business strategy).
4 | Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions |
The preparation of the Business’ interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements requires Management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the end of the reporting period; however, uncertainties about these assumptions and estimates may result in outcomes that require adjustments to the carrying amount of the affected asset or liability in future periods. The significant assumptions and estimates used in the preparation of the interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements for the ten-month period ended October 31, 2019 were the same as those adopted in the combined carve-out financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018, except for the adoption of IFRS 16-Leases described in Note 3.
11
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
5 | Cash and cash equivalents |
Balances of cash and cash equivalents are broken down as follows:
October 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | |||||||
Cash | - | 4 | ||||||
Banks | 662 | 1,071 | ||||||
Fixed income investments (a) | 36,947 | 19,253 | ||||||
37,609 | 20,328 |
(a) | These mainly represent investments in Bank Deposit Certificates (CDBs) that earn interest of approximately 100% of CDI change (interest rates of Interbank Deposit Certificates), with immediate liquidity and subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. |
6 | Trade accounts receivable |
The balance of account is comprised by the following amounts:
October 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | |||||||
Learning systems | 88,330 | 111,023 | ||||||
Literature books | 14,713 | 25,855 | ||||||
(-) Impairment loss on accounts receivable | (37,901 | ) | (37,112 | ) | ||||
65,142 | 99,766 |
The breakdown of accounts receivable by maturity age is as follows:
October 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | |||||||
Falling due | 51,748 | 93,443 | ||||||
Overdue (days): | ||||||||
up to 30 | 4,280 | 2,302 | ||||||
31-60 | 2,168 | 3,792 | ||||||
61-90 | 1,507 | 2,734 | ||||||
91-180 | 4,486 | 3,474 | ||||||
181-360 | 5,703 | 5,434 | ||||||
>361 | 33,151 | 25,699 | ||||||
(-) Impairment loss on accounts receivable | (37,901 | ) | (37,112 | ) | ||||
65,142 | 99,766 |
12
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
Changes in impairment losses on accounts receivable are broken down as follows:
Balance at December 31, 2017 | 33,875 | |||
(+) Additions | 3,132 | |||
Balance at October 31, 2018 | 37,007 | |||
(-) Receipt / reversal | (4,430 | ) | ||
(+) Additions | 4,535 | |||
Balance at December 31, 2018 | 37,112 | |||
(-) Receipt / reversal | (2,184 | ) | ||
(+) Additions | 2,973 | |||
Balance at October 31, 2019 | 37,901 |
The impairment losses are formed based on criteria established by the Management and in an amount considered sufficient to cover estimated losses in the realization of these credits. The criterion for the allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a three-year average of the default history of the client portfolio in relation to annual revenues.
7 | Inventories |
The balance of this account is comprised by the following amounts:
October 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | |||||||
Goods for resale held by third-parties | 3,125 | 1,211 | ||||||
Good for resale | 3,186 | 2,223 | ||||||
Inventories in transit | 1,236 | 3,489 | ||||||
(-) Provision for obsolete inventories | (925 | ) | (1,014 | ) | ||||
6,622 | 5,909 |
The provision for obsolete inventory is recognized based on the analysis of the history of turnover of inventory items, which classification as obsolete additionally comprised of inventory age, considering that Management also performs individual analysis of expected realization of inventory items, considering the product’s sales potential (based on sales history), the analysis of the book content, and the possibility of visual update.
13
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
Changes in provision for obsolete inventories is broken down as follows:
Balance at December 31, 2017 | 324 | |||
(+) Additions | 479 | |||
Balance at October 31, 2018 | 803 | |||
(+) Additions | 211 | |||
Balance at December 31, 2018 | 1,014 | |||
(-) Reversal | (1,079 | ) | ||
(+) Additions | 990 | |||
Balance at October 31, 2019 | 925 |
8 | Property, plant and equipment |
The balance of this account is comprised by the following amounts:
October 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation weighted average rate | Cost | Accumulated depreciation | Net book value | Cost | Accumulated depreciation | Net book value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Leases | 40% | 7,837 | (2,597 | ) | 5,240 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Furniture, fixtures and facilities | 15% | 1,877 | (1,386 | ) | 491 | 1,875 | (1,264 | ) | 611 | |||||||||||||||||
Machinery and equipment | 10% | 277 | (135 | ) | 142 | 277 | (120 | ) | 157 | |||||||||||||||||
IT equipment | 20% | 10,921 | (8,406 | ) | 2,515 | 9,450 | (7,839 | ) | 1,611 | |||||||||||||||||
Leasehold improvements | 4% | 2,647 | (1,020 | ) | 1,627 | 2,647 | (931 | ) | 1,716 | |||||||||||||||||
23,559 | (13,544 | ) | 10,015 | 14,249 | (10,154 | ) | 4,095 |
The main increase in the Business’ property, plant and equipment was related to the adoption of IFRS 16 Leases. Please refer to note 3.
Changes in fixed assets are as follows:
Leases | Leasehold improvements | Machinery and equipment | Furniture, fixtures and facilities | IT
equipment
| Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2017 | - | 1,554 | 91 | 660 | 1,489 | 3,794 | ||||||||||||||||||
Additions | - | 260 | 81 | 93 | 1,008 | 1,442 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation | - | (81 | ) | (12 | ) | (118 | ) | (755 | ) | (966 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance at October 31, 2018 | - | 1,733 | 160 | 635 | 1,742 | 4,270 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2018 | - | 1,716 | 157 | 611 | 1,611 | 4,095 | ||||||||||||||||||
Initial adoption of IFRS 16 | 7,678 | - | - | - | - | 7,678 | ||||||||||||||||||
Additions | 159 | - | - | 2 | 1,471 | 1,632 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation | (2,597 | ) | (89 | ) | (15 | ) | (122 | ) | (567 | ) | (3,390 | ) | ||||||||||||
Balance at October 31, 2019 | 5,240 | 1,627 | 142 | 491 | 2,515 | 10,015 |
14
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
a. | Evaluation for impairment of assets |
The Business assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that a property and equipment asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, the Business estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. There were no indications of impairment of property and equipment for the ten-month periods ended October 31, 2019 and 2018.
b. | Useful life |
The Business reviewed the estimate of useful life annually in the preparation of the condensed combined carve-out financial statements. As of October 31, 2019, the Business did not identify any significant change in relation to the previously adopted useful life.
9 | Intangible assets |
The balance of this account is comprised by the following amounts:
October 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average rate of amortization | Cost | Accumulated amortization | Net book value | Cost | Accumulated amortization | Net book value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Literature books | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Learning Systems | 25% | 38,240 | (34,443 | ) | 3,797 | 38,240 | (31,352 | ) | 6,888 | |||||||||||||||||
Educational books | 25% | 28,189 | (26,788 | ) | 1,401 | 28,189 | (24,940 | ) | 3,249 | |||||||||||||||||
Dictionaries | 10% | 4,883 | (4,878 | ) | 5 | 4,883 | (4,873 | ) | 10 | |||||||||||||||||
Literature books in progress | 0% | 21,683 | - | 21,683 | 12,392 | - | 12,392 | |||||||||||||||||||
Software | 20% | 15,821 | (7,687 | ) | 8,134 | 15,169 | (5,552 | ) | 9,617 | |||||||||||||||||
108,816 | (73,796 | ) | 35,020 | 98,873 | (66,717 | ) | 32,156 |
The changes in intangible assets in the year is comprised as follows:
Literature books | Literature books in progress | Software | Total | |||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2017 | 11,750 | 17,229 | 1,101 | 30,080 | ||||||||||||
Additions | - | 8,380 | 623 | 9,003 | ||||||||||||
Transfers | 5,632 | (14,536 | ) | 8,904 | - | |||||||||||
Amortization | (5,868 | ) | - | (1,525 | ) | (7,393 | ) | |||||||||
Balance at October 31, 2018 | 11,514 | 11,073 | 9,103 | 31,690 | ||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2018 | 10,147 | 12,392 | 9,617 | 32,156 | ||||||||||||
Additions | - | 9,291 | 652 | 9,943 | ||||||||||||
Amortization | (4,944 | ) | - | (2,135 | ) | (7,079 | ) | |||||||||
Balance at October 31, 2019 | 5,203 | 21,683 | 8,134 | 35,020 |
Evaluation for asset impairment
The Business assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an intangible may be impaired. If any indication exists, the Business estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. There were no indications of impairment of intangibles for the ten-month periods ended October 31, 2019 and 2018.
15
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
Useful life
As of October 31, 2019, there was no write-offs related to discontinued projects.
10 | Lease payable |
Changes in leases for the year are composed as follows:
Current | Non-current | Total | ||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2019 | - | - | - | |||||||||
Initial adoption of IFRS 16 | 2,952 | 4,726 | 7,678 | |||||||||
Additions | 48 | 111 | 159 | |||||||||
Transfers | 1,950 | (1,950 | ) | - | ||||||||
Interest | 222 | 129 | 351 | |||||||||
Interest paid | (334 | ) | - | (334 | ) | |||||||
Payment of leases - principal | (2,480 | ) | - | (2,480 | ) | |||||||
Balance at October 31, 2019 | 2,358 | 3,016 | 5,374 |
11 | Related parties |
The Positivo Group (hereinafter referred as “Group”) is composed by all entities owned by the quotaholders of the Parent Company and individual entities included in this unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements. Balances and transactions between the entities and operations included in the Business, have been eliminated in the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements. Some of the Group’s transactions and arrangements are with related parties and the effect of these transactions using the basis determined between the parties is reflected in this unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out financial statements.
Transactions with these related parties are priced on an arm’s length basis and are to be settled in cash. None of the related party balances are secured. No expense has been recognized in the current year or prior year for losses in respect of amounts owed by related parties. Additionally, no guarantees have been given or received related to these balances.
On October 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Business carried out transaction with related parties, as stated below:
Accounts receivable from commercial transactions | Accounts payable from commercial transactions | Advances for commercial transactions | ||||||||||||||||||||||
October 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | October 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | October 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||
Positivo Educacional Ltda. (a) | 838 | 1,479 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Gráfica e Editora Posigraf Ltda. (b) | 35 | 358 | 2,911 | 4,957 | 8,834 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Centro de Estudos Superiores Positivo Ltda. (c) | 9 | 566 | 2 | 13 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Consórcio Positivo J Malucelli | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Editora Positivo Ltda. (e) | - | - | 458 | 578 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Centro Educacional Opção Única Ltda. (a) | 20 | 45 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Sociedade Educacional Posiville Ltda. (a) | 61 | 614 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Positivo Tecnologia S.A. (d) | 2 | 142 | - | 30 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
965 | 3,207 | 3,371 | 5,578 | 8,834 | - |
16
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
During the periods presented below, the Business entered into the following transactions with related parties:
Sales | Purchases and services | |||||||||||||||
October 31, 2019 | October 31, 2018 | October 31, 2019 | October 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||
Positivo Educacional Ltda. (a) | 6,672 | 464 | - | - | ||||||||||||
Gráfica e Editora Posigraf Ltda. (b) | 233 | 2,737 | 61,503 | 59,461 | ||||||||||||
Centro de Estudos Superiores Positivo Ltda. (c) | 112 | 3 | 103 | 56 | ||||||||||||
Editora Positivo Ltda. (e) | 2,679 | - | 3,931 | 4,175 | ||||||||||||
Positivo Tecnologia S.A. (d) | 23 | 18 | 1,788 | 1,010 | ||||||||||||
Centro Educacional Opção Única Ltda. (a) | 318 | 46 | - | - | ||||||||||||
Sociedade Educacional Posiville Ltda. (a) | 412 | 280 | - | - | ||||||||||||
Positivo Soluções Didáticas Ltda. | 3,485 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
13,934 | 3,548 | 67,325 | 64,702 |
(a) | Substantially refers to the amounts arising from the direct sales of learning system made by the Business to the students of Positivo Educacional Ltda., considering that the Positivo Educacional Ltda intermediates the financial receipt of such sales, and, later on, makes the financial transfer to Positivo Soluções Didáticas. |
(b) | These are transactions of purchase of printed books and other products (inventories). These goods are acquired for resale by the Business to its customers. |
(c) | Comprises transactions of space rentals, especially the Positivo Theater and Event Center, as well as service provision. |
(d) | Purchases and services comprise the acquisition of computers and other IT equipment. Additionally, up to 2016, the Business made copyright payments related to the access to internet sites, called “Portal Positivo”, as well as the supply of CD-ROMs with educational contents to institutions that are members of the SPE System. There was also the engagement of Positivo Tecnologia for the production of Positivo ON, the software which substituted the former. |
(e) | Sales comprise the Business transactions of catalog book sales. Purchase refers to the apportionment of expenses and shared service center, which are incurred by Editora Positivo Ltda. and later on apportioned with the other related parties benefitted by the provision of such services following the terms established between the parties. Such reimbursements are represented by the shared use of purchasing (especially indirect materials), human resources, marketing, legal, accounting, finance and IT departments. The apportionment amount is calculated at the effective cost, apportioned according to the use of available resources. |
Profit distribution
During the ten-month period ended on October 31, 2019, Positivo Soluções Didáticas Ltda. distributed and paid dividends to its quotaholders in a total amount of R$ 82,000.
12 | Net revenue from sales |
The breakdown of net sales of the Business as of October 31, 2019 and October 31, 2018 is as follows:
October 31, 2019 | October 31, 2018 | |||||||
Learning system | 335,813 | 339,149 | ||||||
(-) Commissions | (8,765 | ) | (6,863 | ) | ||||
(-) Sales taxes | (256 | ) | (51 | ) | ||||
(-) Sales return | (5,233 | ) | (8,056 | ) | ||||
Net revenue | 321,559 | 324,179 |
17
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
The Business’s revenues from contracts with customers are all in Brazil. The Group recognized impairment losses on trade receivables arising from contracts with customers, included under selling expenses in the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out statement of comprehensive income of R$ 789 and R$ 3,132 as of October 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Seasonality
It’s important to highlight the revenue recognition and seasonality of our Business. The Business typically deliver the learning system SPE four times each year, in March, June, August and December. The learning system Conquista and PES are delivered twice, in June and December, usually two to three months prior to the start of each school quarter. The books are typically delivered by the end of the fourth quarter and during the first quarter. The amount of revenue recognized is proportional to the amount of content made available, which is not linearly distributed among the quarters. This causes revenue seasonality in our business, in which the third quarter revenue is the lowest point of the year.
Revenues tax benefits
The Business is not subjected to the payment of the social integration program tax (Programa de Integração Social, or PIS) and the social contribution on revenues tax (Contribuição para o Financiamento da Seguridade Social, or COFINS) on the sale of books. The sale of printed and digital books is also exempt from the Brazilian municipal taxes and from the Brazilian value added tax (Imposto sobre Operações relativas à Circulação de Mercadorias e sobre Prestações de Serviços de Transporte Interestadual e Intermunicipal e de Comunicação, or ICMS).
13 | Information on nature of expenses recognized in the statement of comprehensive income |
The Business presents the statement of comprehensive income using a classification of operating expenses based on their function. The information on the nature of these expenses recognized is as follows:
October 31, 2019 | October 31, 2018 | |||||||
Resale goods and consumption material used | 67,790 | 56,319 | ||||||
Personnel and commissions | 64,937 | 63,016 | ||||||
Advertising and publicity | 18,658 | 11,822 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 10,469 | 8,359 | ||||||
Freight | 8,131 | 6,739 | ||||||
Traveling | 8,108 | 6,448 | ||||||
Promotion expenses | 3,519 | 3,425 | ||||||
Third party services | 4,245 | 4,132 | ||||||
Credit card expenses (commission) | 2,168 | 1,131 | ||||||
Rentals | 946 | 3,068 | ||||||
Provision (reversal) for obsolete inventories | (89 | ) | 479 | |||||
Impairment loss on accounts receivable (a) | 789 | 3,132 | ||||||
Provision (reversal) for tax, civil and labor risks | (1,032 | ) | 1,510 | |||||
Other | 13,424 | 13,411 | ||||||
202,063 | 182,991 |
(a) | At the beginning of 2019, the entire customer portfolio that gave rise to the impairment loss was sold to a third party, with no chance of recourse, and therefore the impairment loss was reversed. |
18
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
The cost of sales mainly consists of the expenses related to the resale goods and consumption material used, which mainly comprises printing costs and amortization of intellectual property in the long term. Operating expenses are comprised of sales expenses, general and administrative expenses and other expenses. The largest expense component comprises employees and labor, which includes salaries and bonuses, employee benefit expenses and contracted labor costs.
The breakdown of these accounts for reconciling with the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out statement of comprehensive income is as follows:
October 31, 2019 | October 31, 2018 | |||||||
Cost of sales | (87,750 | ) | (77,263 | ) | ||||
General and administrative expenses | (53,245 | ) | (53,211 | ) | ||||
Selling and distribution expenses | (60,279 | ) | (49,385 | ) | ||||
Impairment loss on accounts receivable | (789 | ) | (3,132 | ) | ||||
(202,963 | ) | (182,991 | ) |
14 | Financial income |
October 31, 2019 | October 31, 2018 | |||||||
Financial revenues | ||||||||
Discounts obtained and other | 82 | 196 | ||||||
Interest charged on accounts receivable and other | 2,374 | 3,251 | ||||||
Yield from investments | 1,517 | 33 | ||||||
3,973 | 3,480 | |||||||
Financial expenses | ||||||||
Discounts granted | (449 | ) | (476 | ) | ||||
Interest on loans and other | - | (715 | ) | |||||
Interest on leases | (351 | ) | - | |||||
Bank expenses | (270 | ) | (129 | ) | ||||
Other | (8 | ) | (54 | ) | ||||
(1,078 | ) | (1,374 | ) | |||||
2,895 | 2,106 |
19
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
15 | Financial instruments |
Accounting classification and fair values
The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities, including their fair values hierarchy. The amortized cost is reasonable approximated to the fair value due to the nature and liquidity level of the financial assets and liabilities held by the Business, are as follows:
October 31, 2019 | Hierarchy | Amortized cost | Fair value | |||||||
Financial assets | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | Level 2 | 37,609 | 37,609 | |||||||
Trade accounts receivable | Level 2 | 65,142 | 65,142 | |||||||
Other receivables | Level 2 | 1,462 | 1,462 | |||||||
104,213 | 104,213 | |||||||||
Financial liabilities | ||||||||||
Suppliers | Level 2 | 6,381 | 6,381 | |||||||
Other liabilities | Level 2 | 6,729 | 6,729 | |||||||
13,110 | 13,110 | |||||||||
December 31, 2018 | ||||||||||
Financial assets | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | Level 2 | 20,328 | 20,328 | |||||||
Trade accounts receivable | Level 2 | 99,766 | 99,766 | |||||||
Other receivables | Level 2 | 1,457 | 1,457 | |||||||
121,551 | 121,551 | |||||||||
Financial liabilities | ||||||||||
Suppliers | Level 2 | 14,039 | 14,039 | |||||||
Other liabilities | Level 2 | 7,943 | 7,943 | |||||||
21,982 | 21,982 |
Financial risk management
Risk management structure
The main risk factors to which the Business is exposed reflect strategic operational and economic and financial aspects. Strategic operating risks (such as, demand behavior, competition and material changes in the structure of the industry) are addressed by the Business' management model.
The economic and financial risks mainly reflect the behavior of macroeconomic variables such as exchange and interest rates as well as the characteristics of the financial instruments that the Business uses. These risks are managed through control and monitoring policies, specific strategies and limits.
20
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
The Business has a policy for managing funds, instruments and financial risks monitored by top management and this practice of managing its existing risks in a manner, aiming mainly to preserve the value and liquidity of financial assets and to guarantee financial resources for the smooth running of business, including its expansions.
The Business is exposed to the following risks resulting from financial instruments:
· | Credit risk; |
· | Liquidity risk; |
· | Market risk. |
This note presents information on the Business' exposure to each of the risks above, the objectives of the Business, measurement policies, and the Business's risk and capital management proceedings as of October 31, 2019 are the same as those disclosed in the last annual financial statements.
Concentration of credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of the Business incurring losses due to a customer or financial instrument counterparty, resulting from failure in complying with contract obligations. Risk is mainly due to financial investments and trade accounts receivable.
Accounts receivable and other credits
The Business' exposure to credit risks is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of each client. However, Management considers the geographical distribution of customers in its evaluation, including the risk of default of industry and in the country where it operates, as these factors may impact credit risk.
The quality of the credit of accounts receivable from other receivables is assessed with a basis on the credit policy established by the Business.
Cash and cash equivalents
The Business held cash and cash equivalents totaling R$ 37,609 as of October 31, 2019, which represent the maximum credit exposure on those assets. Cash and cash equivalents are maintained with major Brazilian banks and financial institutions.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk of the Business encountering difficulties in performing the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled with cash payments or with another financial asset. The Business' approach in liquidity management is to maintain, as much as possible, sufficient liquidity to perform its obligations upon maturity, under normal conditions or not, without causing unacceptable losses or risk to the Business’ reputation.
The Business’ Management is ultimately responsible for the liquidity risk management, which manages the needs of funding and liquidity management in short, medium and long terms. The Business manages liquidity risk by maintaining sufficient cash reserves and the ability to raise loans as it considers adequate, through continuous monitoring of foreseen and actual cash flows and through combination of financial assets and liabilities’ maturity profiles.
21
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
Tables below show the remaining contractual maturities in details of Business’s non-derivative financial assets and liabilities and the amortization contractual terms:
Financial assets
Weighted average interest rate per annum | <1 month | 1-3 months | 3-12 months | 1-5 years | Total | |||||||||||||||||
October 31, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and banks | 662 | - | - | - | 662 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest earning bank deposits | 6,40% | 36,947 | - | - | - | 36,947 | ||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable | 13,951 | 19,894 | 16,639 | 14,658 | 65,142 | |||||||||||||||||
51,560 | 19,894 | 16,639 | 14,658 | 102,751 | ||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and banks | 1,075 | - | - | - | 1,075 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest earning bank deposits | 6,40% | 19,253 | - | - | - | 19,253 | ||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable | 12,175 | 56,129 | 22,068 | 9,934 | 99,766 | |||||||||||||||||
32,403 | 56,129 | 22,068 | 9,934 | 120,094 |
Financial liabilities
Weighted average interest rate per annum | <1 month | 1-3 months | 3-12 months | 1-5 years | Total | |||||||||||||||||
October 31, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Suppliers | 6,274 | 80 | 26 | - | 6,381 | |||||||||||||||||
6,274 | 80 | 26 | - | 6,381 | ||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Suppliers | 13,205 | 8 | 826 | - | 14,039 | |||||||||||||||||
13,205 | 8 | 826 | - | 14,039 |
Market risk
Market risk is the risk that alterations in market prices, such as exchange rates and interest rates, have in the Business’ earnings, or in the value of its holdings of financial instruments. The objective of market risk management is to manage and control exposures to market risks according to acceptable parameters and optimize the return at the same.
22
Positivo Soluções Didáticas
Unaudited interim condensed
combined carve-out financial
statements as of October 31, 2019
16 | Non-cash transactions |
The Business carried out the non-cash activities in the ten-month period ended October 31, 2019, which are not reflected in the unaudited interim condensed combined carve-out statement of cash flows, mainly related to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as a result of the adoption of IFRS 16, please refer to note 3, 8 and 10.
* * *
23