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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies    
Basis of Presentation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Cigna Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. These Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP").
Amounts recorded in the Consolidated Financial Statements necessarily reflect management's estimates and assumptions about medical costs, investment and receivable valuations, interest rates and other factors. Significant estimates are discussed throughout these Notes; however, actual results could differ from those estimates. The impact of a change in estimate is generally included in earnings in the period of adjustment.
These interim Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited but include all adjustments (including normal recurring adjustments) necessary, in the opinion of management, for a fair statement of financial position and results of operations for the periods reported. The interim Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes included in the 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K ("2021 Form 10-K"). The preparation of interim Consolidated Financial Statements necessarily relies heavily on estimates. This and other factors, including the seasonal nature of portions of the health care and related benefits business, competitive and other market conditions, as well as COVID-19 related impacts, call for caution in estimating full-year results based on interim results of operations.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
There were no new accounting standards adopted as of September 30, 2022 that had a material impact on our financial statements. There are no accounting pronouncements not yet adopted, with the exception of Accounting Standards Update 2018-12, Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts ("LDTI") that are expected to impact Cigna's operations or our financial statements.

Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts (ASU 2018-12) and related amendments

Effective date of January 1, 2023 for Cigna (early adoption permitted) and requires the following key provisions (for insurance entities that issue long-duration contracts):

Changes to the measurement of the future policy benefits liability for traditional and limited-pay insurance contracts:
Assumptions used to measure cash flows (such as mortality, morbidity and lapse assumptions) to be updated at least annually with the effect of changes in those assumptions remeasured retrospectively and reflected in current period Net income.
Discount rate assumptions to be updated quarterly based on market-level yields for low credit risk fixed income instruments ("upper-medium grade fixed-income instrument"), with any changes reflected in other comprehensive income. The upper-medium grade fixed-income instrument yield is interpreted to mean A-rated.
Deferred policy acquisition costs ("DAC") related to long-duration insurance contracts to be amortized on a constant-level basis over the expected term of the related contracts. Other related deferred or capitalized balances (such as unearned revenue liability and value of business acquired) may use this simplified amortization method.
Market risk benefits (defined as protecting the contractholder from other-than-nominal capital market risk and exposing the insurer to that risk) to be measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in Net income each period, except for the effect of changes in the insurance entity's credit risk to be recognized in other comprehensive income.
Additional disclosures, including disaggregated roll forwards for the liability for future policy benefits, market risk benefits, separate account liabilities and DAC, as well as information about significant inputs, judgments, assumptions and methods used in measurement.
Transition methods at adoption vary:
Changes to the liability for future policy benefits to use a modified retrospective approach applied to all outstanding contracts on the basis of their existing carrying amounts as of the beginning of the earliest period presented, with an option to elect a full retrospective transition under certain criteria. Remeasuring the future policy benefits liability for the discount rate to be recorded through Accumulated other comprehensive loss at transition.
DAC to follow the transition method used for future policyholder benefits.
Market risk benefits to be transitioned retrospectively and measured at fair value at the beginning of the earliest period presented. The difference between this fair value and carrying value to be recognized in the opening balance
of retained earnings, excluding the effect of credit risk changes that are to be recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss.
Expected effects:

The new guidance will apply to our long-duration insurance products predominantly within the Cigna Healthcare segment and Other Operations.
The Company developed a cross-functional implementation project plan and is executing on the necessary changes to our systems, processes and controls.
The Company will adopt the standard on January 1, 2023, using the modified retrospective transition method for changes to the liability for future policy benefits and DAC. We currently do not expect the impact of adoption to be material to Shareholders' equity.
While we currently do not expect adoption to result in a material restatement of prior periods, we continue to model the new requirements of the standard and their impacts to financial results across various products. It is possible that our income recognition pattern could change for several reasons:
Applying periodic assumption updates, versus the current locked-in model, may change our timing of profit or loss recognition.
DAC amortization will be on a constant level basis over the expected term of the related contracts and no longer tied to the emergence of profit on such contracts.
Features, such as the Company's GMDB product, that provide market-risk benefits are not currently measured at fair value, so these liabilities and related reinsurance recoverables will become subject to market sensitivity, notably to interest rates.

In July 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued a proposed standard for comment that would simplify the retrospective adoption of LDTI. The proposal would permit companies to make an accounting policy election to exclude contracts that are sold and removed from the balance sheet prior to the effective date of the standard from the retrospective adoption of LDTI. If the FASB approves the proposed standard, Cigna expects to make this policy election for the contracts sold in the Chubb transaction.