Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Summary of Loss from Operations Before Income Taxes Categorized Geographically

Loss from operations before income taxes is categorized geographically as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020			2019			2018
United States	$	(46,409	)	$	(81,653	)	$	(152,045	)
Foreign		(43,993	)		5,015			(2,547	)
Total loss from operations before income taxes	$	(90,402	)	$	(76,638	)	$	(154,592	)

Schedule of Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes

The provision for (benefit from) income taxes consisted of the following:

	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019			2018
Current income tax expense:
Federal	$	—	$	14		$	(70	)
State		28		10			48
Foreign		337		873			677
Total current income tax expense		365		897			655
Deferred income tax expense:
Federal		324		(1,087	)		(483	)
State		3		121			562
Foreign		487		(2,710	)		(586	)
Total deferred income tax expense (benefit)		814		(3,676	)		(507	)
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$	1,179	$	(2,779	)	$	148

Summary of Reconciliation of Company's Effective Tax Rate to Federal Statutory Rate

A reconciliation of the Company’s effective tax rate to the federal statutory rate is as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020			2019			2018
Tax at federal statutory rate	$	(18,984	)	$	(16,094	)	$	(32,464	)
State income tax, net of federal tax benefit		(4,468	)		(4,102	)		(6,764	)
Foreign tax rate differential		10,009			(2,651	)		626
Stock-based compensation		(3,429	)		1,885			2,378
Research and development credits		(3,066	)		(2,033	)		(5,247	)
Other		492			805			(106	)
Change in valuation allowance		20,625			19,411			41,725
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$	1,179		$	(2,779	)	$	148

Summary of Tax Effects of Temporary Differences Portions of Company's Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

(in thousands)	December 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating losses	$	77,467		$	66,170
Tax credits		33,753			26,254
Stock-based compensation		20,971			22,299
Accrued compensation and related expenses		3,012			3,513
Lease liabilities		20,475			22,322
Financing related		11,090			9,033
Intangible assets		75,093			72,226
Other		1,474			2,003
Total deferred tax assets:		243,335			223,820
Valuation allowance		(201,814	)		(174,921	)
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance:		41,521			48,899
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation and amortization		(867	)		(8,708	)
Goodwill		(25,792	)		(23,047	)
Right-of-use assets		(17,565	)		(19,077	)
Total deferred tax liabilities:		(44,224	)		(50,832	)
Total net deferred tax liabilities:	$	(2,703	)	$	(1,933	)

Summary of Changes in Balances of Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits

Changes in balances during 2020 and 2019 and ending balances as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 in gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows:

(in thousands)	December 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Beginning balances	$	4,905	$	3,351
Increases related to tax positions taken during a prior year		352		156
Increases related to tax positions taken during the current year		1,610		1,398
Decreases related to tax positions taken during a prior year		—		—
Decreases related to tax settlements with taxing authorities		—		—
Ending balances	$	6,867	$	4,905