In preparing the financial statements of individual entities, transactions in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency are recognized at exchange rates in effect on the date of the transactions. At each reporting date monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are re-translated at the exchange rates applicable at that date. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Realized and unrealized exchange gains and losses are recognized through net income (loss).

For the purposes of presenting consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated into Canadian dollars at the exchange rates applicable at the balance sheet date. Income and expenses, and cash flows of foreign operations are translated into Canadian dollars using average exchange rates. Exchange differences resulting from translating foreign operations are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Investments with maturities greater than 90 days but less than one year at the date of purchase are included in short-term investments.

The Company’s investments in debt securities, which consist primarily of U.S. government securities and U.S. commercial paper, have been classified and accounted for using the fair value option. Unrealized gains and losses on debt securities are recognized in net income (loss). All other short-term investments are recorded at fair value with gains or losses recognized in net income (loss).

Inventory consists of raw materials, supplies and consumables used in the inventory process, merchandise for sale, finished goods and work-in-process such as pre-harvested cannabis plants, by-products to be extracted, oils, gel capsules and edible products. Inventory is valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Costs include direct and indirect labor, consumables, materials, packaging supplies, utilities, facilities costs, quality and testing costs, production related depreciation and other overhead costs. The Company records inventory reserves for obsolete and slow-moving inventory. Inventory reserves are based on inventory obsolescence trends, age of inventory, historical experience and application of the specific identification method. The Company classifies cannabis inventory as a current asset, although part of such inventory, because of the duration of the cultivation, drying, and conversion process, ordinarily would not be utilized within one year.

Property, plant and equipment is recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Major additions and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. When significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items or components of property, plant and equipment. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and any related gain or loss is recognized in net income (loss).

Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the expected useful lives of the assets, which are as follows:

		Years
Buildings and greenhouses		20 - 50
Production and warehouse equipment		5 - 30
Leasehold improvements		3 - 20
Office and lab equipment		3 - 10
Computer equipment		3 - 10

Estimates of useful life and residual value, and the method of depreciation, are reviewed only when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the current estimates or depreciation method are no longer appropriate. Any changes are accounted for on a prospective basis as a change in estimate.

Finite lived intangible assets are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Amortization is provided on a straight-line basis over the following terms:

		Years
Intellectual property		5 - 15
Distribution channel		5 - 11
Operating licenses		8
Software and domain names		3 - 5
Brands		2 - 5

The estimated useful life and amortization method are reviewed at the end of each reporting year, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.

Goodwill is allocated to the reporting unit in which the business that created the goodwill resides. A reporting unit is an operating segment, or a business unit one level below that operating segment, for which discrete financial information is prepared and regularly reviewed by segment management. The Company reviews goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets annually for impairment in the fourth quarter, or sooner, if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company may elect to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If factors indicate this is the case, then a quantitative test is performed and an impairment is recorded for any excess carrying value above the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the amount of goodwill.

Until the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company had two operating segments, which were also its reportable segments: (i) cannabis, hemp and other consumer products; and (ii) RIV Capital. The goodwill associated with all acquisitions was allocated to the one reporting unit within the cannabis, hemp and other consumer products operating and reportable segment, as this reporting unit held the acquired entities. The Company changed the structure of its internal management reporting in the fourth quarter of the year ended March 31, 2021 (refer to Note 35), and accordingly, identified two operating and reportable segments: (i) global cannabis; and (ii) other consumer products. The reorganization of the Company’s reporting structure changed the composition of its reporting units and required that goodwill be reassigned to the reporting units using a relative fair value allocation approach. Assets and liabilities were also reassigned to the reporting units affected based on the assets that would be employed in, or the liabilities related to, the operations of each reporting unit, and the assets or liabilities that would be considered in determining the fair value of each reporting unit. After this reorganization, the Company’s reporting units with goodwill in the global cannabis segment included (i) cannabis operations, and (ii) C³ Cannabinoid Compound Company GmbH (“C³”); and in the other consumer products segment included (i) Storz & Bickel, (ii) This Works, and (iii) BioSteel.

In the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company further changed the composition of its reporting units within the global cannabis segment as a result of (i) the completion of the Company’s divestiture (the “C³ Divestiture”) of its interest in C³ (see Note 30); and (ii) a strategic shift in the Company’s KeyLeaf Life Sciences (“KeyLeaf”) business to focus on non-cannabis extraction activities. Accordingly, goodwill was reassigned to the KeyLeaf reporting unit from the cannabis operations reporting unit, using the relative fair value allocation approach. There were no changes to the reporting units included in the Company’s other consumer products segment in the year ended March 31, 2022.

The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test in the fourth quarter of the year ended March 31, 2022, and recognized an impairment loss in relation to its KeyLeaf and This Works reporting units. Refer to Note 15 for further details.

Indefinite lived intangible assets are comprised of certain acquired brand names and operating licenses, which are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. The Company reviews the classification each reporting period to decide whether the assessment made about the useful life as indefinite or finite is still appropriate. Any change is accounted for on a prospective basis as a change in estimate.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and finite lived intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a potential impairment exists. The Company groups assets at the lowest level for which cash flows are separately identifiable, referred to as an asset group. When indicators of potential impairment are present the Company prepares a projected undiscounted cash flow analysis for the respective asset or asset group. If the sum of the undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying value of the asset or asset group, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the excess of the carrying value over the fair value, if any.

The Company considers short-term investments to be restricted when withdrawal or general use is legally restricted. The Company records restricted short-term investments as current or non-current in the consolidated balance sheets based on the classification of the underlying securities.

Redeemable noncontrolling interest is presented as mezzanine equity. The balance of the redeemable noncontrolling interest is reported at the greater of the initial carrying amount adjusted for the redeemable noncontrolling interest's share of earnings or losses and other comprehensive income or loss, or its estimated redemption value. The Company adjusts the carrying amount of the redeemable interest to the redemption amount each period, assuming the interest was redeemable at the balance sheet date with changes in fair value recorded in equity.

The Company’s cannabis revenue is comprised of sales of (i) recreational cannabis products in Canada, either to government agencies or third-party retailers under a “business-to-business” wholesale model, or directly to consumers through the Company’s network of retail stores and e-commerce platforms; and (ii) medical and other cannabis products in Canada and certain other countries. The Company’s other revenue is comprised of sales of vaporizers, beauty, wellness and sleep products, sports nutrition beverages, merchandise, and revenue from other sources.

The Company’s revenue-generating activities have a single performance obligation and revenue is recognized at the point in time when control of the product transfers and the Company’s obligations have been fulfilled. This generally occurs when the product is shipped or delivered to the customer, depending upon the method of distribution and shipping terms set forth in the customer contract. In accordance with contracts with certain of the Company’s Canadian provincial customers, the Company fulfills its obligations only when the customer transfers control of the product to the end consumer. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for the sale of the Company’s product. Certain of the Company’s customer contracts, most notably those with the Canadian provincial and territorial agencies, may provide the customer with a right of return. In certain circumstances the Company may also provide a retrospective price adjustment to a customer. These items give rise to variable consideration, which is recognized as a reduction of the transaction price based upon the expected amounts of the product returns and price adjustments at the time revenue for the corresponding product sale is recognized. The determination of the reduction of the transaction price for variable consideration requires that the Company make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the timing and amounts of revenue recognized. The Company estimates this variable consideration by taking into account factors such as historical information, current trends, forecasts, provincial and territorial inventory levels, availability of actual results and expectations of demand. The Company recognizes a liability for sales refunds within other current liabilities, and an asset for the value of inventory which is expected to be returned is recognized within prepaid expenses and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

Sales of products are for cash or otherwise agreed-upon credit terms. The Company’s payment terms vary by location and customer; however, the time period between when revenue is recognized and when payment is due is not significant. The Company estimates and reserves for its bad debt exposure based on its experience with past due accounts and collectability, write-off history, the aging of accounts receivable and an analysis of customer data.

The types of costs included in cost of goods sold are raw materials, packaging materials, manufacturing costs, plant facilities administrative support and overheads, and freight and warehouse costs, including distribution costs.

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses totaled $104,221, $72,377 and $78,474 in the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses totaled $32,344, $57,582, and $61,812 in the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

Asset impairment and restructuring costs consist of property, plant and equipment, intangible asset and goodwill impairment charges, asset abandonment costs, contractual and other settlement costs, and employee-related and other restructuring costs recognized in connection with (i) the restructuring of the Company’s global operations that commenced in the year ended March 31, 2020 and continued during the years ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2022; and (ii) other impairments. When a long-lived asset is abandoned its carrying amount is adjusted to its salvage value, if any. In determining the salvage value of our long-lived assets, management considers information from manufacturers, historical data, and industry standards. In certain cases, management may obtain third party appraisals to estimate salvage value.

The Company accounts for share-based compensation using the fair value method. With the exception of a limited number of share-based awards subject to market-based performance conditions that are valued using the Monte Carlo simulation model, the fair value of awards granted is estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model. The share-based compensation expense is based on the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date and the expense is recognized over the related service period following a graded vesting expense schedule. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised in subsequent periods if there is a difference in actual forfeitures and the estimate. Effective April 1, 2018, the Company early-adopted ASU 2018-07 – Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718), which among other items, aligns the accounting for non-employee awards with that of employee awards.

For awards with service and/or non-market based performance conditions, the amount of compensation expense recognized is based on the number of awards expected to vest, reflecting estimated expected forfeitures, and is adjusted to reflect those awards that do ultimately vest. For awards with performance conditions, the Company recognizes the compensation expense if and when the Company concludes that it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved. The Company reassesses the probability of achieving the performance condition at each reporting date. Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) that are settled in cash or common stock at the election of the employee are remeasured to fair value at the end of each reporting period until settlement. This fair value is based on the closing price of the Company's common shares on the last business day before each period end.

Income taxes are comprised of current and deferred taxes. These taxes are accounted for using the liability method. Current tax is recognized in connection with income for tax purposes, unrealized tax benefits and the recovery of tax paid in a prior period and measured using the enacted tax rates and laws applicable to the taxation period during which the income for tax purposes arose. Deferred tax is recognized on the difference between the carrying amount of an asset or a liability, as reflected in the financial statements, and the corresponding tax base, used in the computation of income for tax purposes (“temporary difference”) and measured using the enacted tax rates and laws as at the balance sheet date that are expected to apply to the income that the Company expects to arise for tax purposes in the period during which the difference is expected to reverse. Management assesses the likelihood that a deferred tax asset will be realized and a valuation allowance is provided to the extent that it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The determination of both current and deferred taxes reflects the Company's interpretation of the relevant tax rules and judgement.

An unrealized tax benefit may arise in connection with a period that has not yet been reviewed by the relevant tax authority. A change in the recognition or measurement of an unrealized tax benefit is reflected in the period during which the change occurs.

Income taxes are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations, except when they relate to a pre-tax item that is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) or directly in equity, respectively. Income taxes recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) or equity are reclassified to the consolidated statement of operations if the corresponding pre-tax item is reclassified to the consolidated statement of operations. Where income taxes arise from the initial accounting for a business combination, these are embedded in the pre-tax accounting for the business combination.

Interest and penalties in respect of income taxes are not recognized in the consolidated statement of operations as a component of income taxes but as a component of interest expense.

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing reported net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing earnings (loss) by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares and the number of dilutive potential common share equivalents outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common shares of the Company during the reporting periods. Potential dilutive common share equivalents consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of warrants, vested share options, RSUs and the incremental shares issuable upon conversion of the convertible senior notes. As at March 31, 2022, March 31, 2021, and March 31, 2020, all instruments were anti-dilutive.

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company calculates the estimated fair value of financial instruments using quoted market prices whenever available. When quoted market prices are not available, the Company uses standard pricing models.

For other financial assets measured at fair value that earn interest, the Company has elected to present interest income as part of the fair value change in other income (expense), net.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization recognized the outbreak of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. Government measures to limit the spread of COVID-19, including the closure of non-essential businesses, did not materially impact the Company’s operations during the years ended March 31, 2022, March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020. The production and sale of cannabis have been recognized as essential services in Canada and across Europe. Due to the rapid developments and uncertainty surrounding COVID-19, it is not possible to predict the impact that COVID-19 will have on the Company’s business, financial position and operating results in the future. Additionally, it is possible that estimates in the Company’s consolidated financial statements will change in the near term as a result of COVID-19. The Company is closely monitoring the impact of the pandemic on all aspects of its business.