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Research, Development and Engineering (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Research and Development [Abstract]  
Summary of Research, Development & Engineering Activities Such costs are included in Cost of goods sold as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2024202320242023
(Dollars in millions)
Research and development costs$49 $42 $138 $128 
Engineering-related expenses, net of customer (reimbursements) (1)
(6)(3)(10)(8)
$43 $39 $128 $120 
(1)    Engineering-related expenses include customer reimbursements of $17 million and $10 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $41 million and $34 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.