10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022

OR

☐  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                                      to                                   

Commission File No. 001-38491

Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Indiana	82-4821705
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification Number)
300 North Water Street, Salem, Indiana 47167                 812-883-2639
(Address of principal executive offices, zip code, telephone number)
Not applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share	MSVB	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ⌧  No  ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes ⌧  No  ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer,” "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ◻	Accelerated Filer ◻	Non-Accelerated Filer ⌧
	Smaller Reporting Company ☒	Emerging Growth Company ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐   No ⌧

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:  As of May 6, 2022, there were 2,878,169 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC.

INDEX

		Page
Part I	Financial Information
	Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements
	Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)	3
	Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)	4
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (unaudited)	5
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited)	6
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)	7
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	8-31
	Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	32-40
	Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	41
	Item 4. Controls and Procedures	41
Part II	Other Information
	Item 1. Legal Proceedings	42
	Item 1A. Risk Factors	42
	Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	43
	Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	43
	Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	43
	Item 5. Other Information	43
	Item 6. Exhibits	44
Signatures		45

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Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements

MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share information) (Unaudited)

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks	$	1,595	$	1,378
Interest-bearing deposits with banks		5,146		15,001
Cash and cash equivalents		6,741		16,379
Securities available for sale, at fair value		117,411		107,293
Securities held to maturity		20		21
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $1,522 and $1,523, respectively		127,306		122,568
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost		721		778
Real estate held for sale		99		99
Premises and equipment		1,958		1,952
Accrued interest receivable:
Loans		328		296
Securities		611		701
Cash value of life insurance		3,946		3,930
Other assets		2,353		243
Total Assets	$	261,494	$	254,260
LIABILITIES
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	$	31,159	$	28,602
Interest-bearing		178,499		168,282
Total deposits		209,658		196,884
Advance from Federal Home Loan Bank		10,000		10,000
Accrued interest payable		11		11
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		875		836
Total Liabilities		220,544		207,731
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, $0.01 par value, no shares issued and outstanding		—		—
Common stock, 30,000,000 shares authorized, $0.01 par value, 3,565,430 shares issued and 3,008,255 shares outstanding (3,016,653 in 2021)		36		36
Additional paid-in-capital		30,712		30,694
Retained earnings, substantially restricted		23,881		23,527
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(3,792)		2,096
Unearned ESOP shares		(1,623)		(1,649)
Unearned stock compensation plan		(430)		(473)
Treasury stock, at cost - 557,175 shares (548,777 in 2021)		(7,834)		(7,702)
Total Stockholders’ Equity		40,950		46,529
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	261,494	$	254,260

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In thousands, except per share information) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
INTEREST INCOME
Loans, including fees	$	1,315	$	1,291
Investment securities:
Mortgage-backed securities		104		141
Municipal tax exempt		381		365
Other debt securities		75		63
Federal Home Loan Bank dividends		4		4
Interest-bearing deposits with banks and time deposits		4		1
Total interest income		1,883		1,865
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits		107		127
Borrowings		43		43
Total interest expense		150		170
Net interest income		1,733		1,695
Provision for loan losses		—		—
Net interest income after provision for loan losses		1,733		1,695
NONINTEREST INCOME
Deposit account service charges		81		50
Brokered loan fees		43		68
Increase in cash value of life insurance		14		16
ATM and debit card fee income		136		129
Other income		11		11
Total noninterest income		285		274
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Compensation and benefits		833		897
Occupancy and equipment		138		129
Data processing		118		95
Professional fees		144		155
Directors' compensation		81		100
Stockholders' meeting expense		18		18
Supervisory examinations		18		17
Deposit insurance premiums		16		15
Other expenses		151		148
Total noninterest expense		1,517		1,574
Income before income taxes		501		395
Income tax expense		34		17
Net Income	$	467	$	378
Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.17	$	0.13
Diluted	$	0.17	$	0.13

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Net Income	$	467	$	378
Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax
Unrealized losses on securities available for sale:
Net unrealized holding losses arising during the period		(7,837)		(2,004)
Income tax benefit		1,949		499
Net of tax amount		(5,888)		(1,505)
Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax		(5,888)		(1,505)
Total Comprehensive Loss	$	(5,421)	$	(1,127)

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share information) (Unaudited)

							Accumulated
			Additional				Other		Unearned		Unearned
	Common		Paid-in		Retained		Comprehensive		ESOP		Stock		Treasury
	Stock		Capital		Earnings		Income (Loss)		Shares		Compensation		Stock		Total
Balances at January 1, 2021	$	36	$	30,559	$	22,299	$	3,213	$	(1,769)	$	(422)	$	(4,912)	$	49,004
Net income		—		—		378		—		—		—		—		378
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		(1,505)		—		—		—		(1,505)
Cash dividends ($0.03 per share)		—		—		(91)		—		—		—		—		(91)
ESOP shares committed to be released		—		15		—		—		26		—		—		41
Purchase of 327 treasury shares		—		—		—		—		—		—		(5)		(5)
Stock compensation expense		—		13		—		—		—		45		—		58
Balances at March 31, 2021	$	36	$	30,587	$	22,586	$	1,708	$	(1,743)	$	(377)	$	(4,917)	$	47,880
Balances at January 1, 2022	$	36	$	30,694	$	23,527	$	2,096	$	(1,649)	$	(473)	$	(7,702)	$	46,529
Net income		—		—		467		—		—		—		—		467
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		(5,888)		—		—		—		(5,888)
Cash dividends ($0.04 per share)		—		—		(113)		—		—		—		—		(113)
ESOP shares committed to be released		—		13		—		—		26		—		—		39
Purchase of 16,117 treasury shares		—		—		—		—		—		—		(241)		(241)
Forfeiture of unearned stock awards		—		—		—		—		—		2		(2)		—
Exercise of stock options		—		(8)		—		—		—		—		111		103
Stock compensation expense		—		13		—		—		—		41		—		54
Balances at March 31, 2022	$	36	$	30,712	$	23,881	$	(3,792)	$	(1,623)	$	(430)	$	(7,834)	$	40,950

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	467	$	378
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on securities, net		123		85
Provision for loan losses		—		—
Stock compensation expense		54		58
Depreciation expense		45		40
ESOP compensation expense		39		41
Deferred income taxes		(32)		(3)
Increase in cash value of life insurance		(14)		(16)
Decrease in accrued interest receivable		58		18
Net change in other assets and liabilities		(101)		13
Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities		639		614
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of securities available for sale		(23,119)		(1,090)
Principal collected on mortgage-backed securities available for sale		2,932		2,370
Proceeds from maturities of securities available for sale		2,109		—
Principal collected on mortgage-backed securities held to maturity		1		3
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank Stock		57		—
Net (increase) decrease in loans receivable		(4,738)		1,279
Purchase of premises and equipment		(40)		(91)
Investment in cash value of life insurance		(2)		(1)
Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities		(22,800)		2,470
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase in deposits		12,774		12,136
Repayment of advances from Federal Home Loan Bank		—		(1,000)
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options		103		—
Purchase of treasury stock		(241)		(5)
Cash dividends paid		(113)		(91)
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities		12,523		11,040
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents		(9,638)		14,124
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		16,379		9,661
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period	$	6,741	$	23,785
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
Cash payments for:
Interest	$	150	$	170
Net tax payments		—		—

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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1.           Presentation of Interim Information

Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc., (the "Company") was incorporated in January 2018 and became the holding company for Mid-Southern Savings Bank, FSB (the "Bank"), on July 11, 2018, upon the completion of the Bank’s conversion from the mutual holding company ownership structure and the Company’s related public stock offering. Please see Note 2 – Conversion and Stock Issuance for more information.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") for complete financial statements. These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 25, 2022 ("2021 Form 10-K").

In the opinion of management, the unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. All of these adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Such adjustments are the only adjustments included in the unaudited consolidated financial statements. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other period.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiary. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. The reclassifications had no effect on net income or stockholders’ equity. In preparing the unaudited consolidated financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of foreclosed real estate and the underlying collateral of impaired loans, deferred tax assets, and the fair value of financial instruments.

On April 5, 2012, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act ("JOBS Act") was signed into law. The JOBS Act contains provisions that, among other things, reduce certain reporting requirements for qualifying public companies. As an "emerging growth company" we may delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. We intend to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Accordingly, our condensed consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

2.           Conversion and Stock Issuance

The Company, an Indiana corporation, was organized by Mid-Southern, M.H.C. (the “MHC") and the Bank in connection with the MHC’s plan of conversion from mutual to stock form of ownership (the "Conversion"). Upon consummation of the Conversion, which occurred on July 11, 2018, the Company became the holding company for the Bank and now owns all of the issued and outstanding shares of the Bank’s common stock.

3.           Investment Securities

Investment securities have been classified in the consolidated balance sheets according to management’s intent. Debt securities held by the Company include U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government agency obligations, mortgage-backed securities and other debt securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), a U.S. government agency, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA") and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"), which are government-sponsored enterprises. Mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") represent participating interests in pools of long-term first mortgage loans originated and serviced by the issuers

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of the securities. Collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMO") are complex mortgage-backed securities that restructure the cash flows and risks of the underlying mortgage collateral. The Company also holds debt securities issued by municipalities and political subdivisions of state and local governments.

Investment securities at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are summarized as follows:

			Gross		Gross
(In thousands)	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair
March 31, 2022	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
Securities available for sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	14,430	$	—	$	817	$	13,613
Agency CMO		24,435		35		1,162		23,308
		38,865		35		1,979		36,921
Other debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities		9,832		—		109		9,723
U.S. Government agency obligations		2,001		—		7		1,994
Municipal obligations		71,760		653		3,640		68,773
Total securities available for sale	$	122,458	$	688	$	5,735	$	117,411
Securities held to maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	20	$	—	$	—	$	20
Total securities held to maturity	$	20	$	—	$	—	$	20
December 31, 2021
Securities available for sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	11,941	$	47	$	135	$	11,853
Agency CMO		24,196		47		465		23,778
		36,137		94		600		35,631
Other debt securities:
Municipal obligations		68,366		3,318		22		71,662
Total securities available for sale	$	104,503	$	3,412	$	622	$	107,293
Securities held to maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	21
Total securities held to maturity	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	21

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The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities as of March 31, 2022, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities of MBS and CMO may differ from contractual maturities because the mortgages underlying the obligations may be prepaid without penalty.

	Available for Sale				Held to Maturity
	Amortized		Fair		Amortized		Fair
(In thousands)	Cost		Value		Cost		Value
Due in one year or less	$	1,145	$	1,155	$	—	$	—
Due after one year through five years		14,319		14,177		—		—
Due after five years through ten years		6,851		6,935		—		—
Due after ten years		61,278		58,223		—		—
		83,593		80,490		—		—
MBS and CMO		38,865		36,921		20		20
	$	122,458	$	117,411	$	20	$	20

Information pertaining to investment securities available for sale with gross unrealized losses at March 31, 2022, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual investment securities have been in a continuous position, follows.

	Number of			Gross
(Dollars in thousands)	Investment	Fair		Unrealized
March 31, 2022	Positions	Value		Losses
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months:
US Treasury	6	$	9,723	$	109
Agency MBS	11		10,518		511
Agency CMO	7		7,723		208
Federal agency obligations	1		1,994		7
Municipal obligations	73		45,598		3,640
Total less than 12 months	98		75,556		4,475
Continuous loss position more than 12 months:
Agency MBS	2		3,096		306
Agency CMO	8		11,301		954
Total more than 12 months	10		14,397		1,260
Total securities available for sale	108	$	89,953	$	5,735

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Information pertaining to investment securities available for sale with gross unrealized losses at December 31, 2021, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual investment securities have been in a continuous loss position, follows.

	Number of			Gross
(Dollars in thousands)	Investment	Fair		Unrealized
December 31, 2021	Positions	Value		Losses
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months:
Agency MBS	4	$	7,964	$	113
Agency CMO	4		4,792		46
Municipal obligations	3		2,452		22
Total less than 12 months	11		15,208		181
Continuous loss position more than 12 months:
Agency MBS	1		879		22
Agency CMO	8		12,553		419
Total more than 12 months	9		13,432		441
Total securities available for sale	20	$	28,640	$	622

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least quarterly, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.

At March 31, 2022, the Company had no debt securities in the held to maturity classification in a loss position. At March 31, 2022, the debt securities available for sale in a loss position were 76.6% of the Company’s total available for sale securities portfolio. All of the debt securities in a loss position at March 31, 2022 were backed by residential first mortgage loans or were obligations issued by federal or local government-sponsored enterprises. These unrealized losses relate principally to current interest rates for similar types of securities. In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition for purposes of evaluating whether declines in value are other-than-temporary, management considers whether the securities are issued by the federal government, its agencies or sponsored enterprises or local governments, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and the results of reviews of the issuer’s financial condition. As the Company has the ability to hold the debt securities until maturity, or for the foreseeable future if classified as available for sale, no declines are deemed to be other-than-temporary.

There were no securities sales during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

4.           Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

The Company’s loan and allowance for loan loss policies are as follows:

Loans Held for Investment. Loans are stated at unpaid principal balances, less net deferred loan fees and the allowance for loan losses. The Company grants real estate mortgages, commercial business and consumer loans. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by mortgage loans to customers in southern Indiana. The ability of the Company’s customers to honor their contracts is dependent upon the real estate and general economic conditions in this area.

Loan origination and commitment fees, as well as certain direct costs of underwriting and closing loans, are deferred and amortized as a yield adjustment to interest income over the lives of the related loans using the interest method. Amortization of net deferred loan fees is discontinued when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status.

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Nonaccrual Loans. The recognition of income on a loan is discontinued and previously accrued interest is reversed when interest or principal payments become 90 days past due unless, in the opinion of management, the outstanding interest remains collectible. Past due status is determined based on contractual terms. Generally, by applying the cash receipts method, interest income is subsequently recognized only as received until the loan is returned to accrual status. The cash receipts method is used when the likelihood of further loss on the loan is remote. Otherwise, the Company applies the cost recovery method and applies all payments as a reduction of the unpaid principal balance until the loan qualifies for return to accrual status. Interest income on impaired loans is recognized using the cost recovery method, unless the likelihood of further loss on the loan is remote.

A loan is restored to accrual status when all principal and interest payments are brought current and the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments of principal and interest as scheduled, which generally requires that the borrower demonstrate a period of performance of at least six consecutive months.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Additions to the allowance for loan losses are made by the provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.

The Company uses a disciplined process and methodology to evaluate the allowance for loan losses on at least a quarterly basis that is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectability of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually evaluated for impairment or loans otherwise classified as doubtful or substandard. For such loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows or collateral value of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan.

The general component covers non-classified loans and classified loans that are found, upon individual evaluation, to not be impaired. Such loans are pooled by portfolio segment and losses are modeled using annualized historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. The historical loss experience is determined by portfolio segment and is based on the Company’s actual loss history over the most recent twenty calendar quarters unless the historical loss experience is not considered indicative of the level of risk in the remaining balance of a particular portfolio segment, in which case an adjustment is determined by management. The Company’s historical loss experience is then adjusted for qualitative factors that are reviewed on a quarterly basis.

Management’s determination of the allowance for loan losses considers changes and trends in the following qualitative loss factors:  lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge-off and recovery practices and management experience, national and local economic conditions, new loan trends, past due and nonaccrual loans, loan reviews, collateral values, credit concentrations and other internal and external factors such as competition, legal and regulatory changes. Each loan pool’s historical loss rate is adjusted based on positive or negative changes in the qualitative loss factor. This adjustment is what determines the adjusted loss rate used in management’s allowance for loan loss adequacy calculation.

Management exercises significant judgment in evaluating the relevant historical loss experience and the qualitative factors. Management also monitors the differences between estimated and actual incurred loan losses for loans considered impaired in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the estimation process and make any changes in the methodology as necessary.

The following portfolio segments are considered in the allowance for loan loss analysis:  one-to-four family residential real estate, multi-family residential real estate, residential construction, commercial construction,

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commercial real estate non owner occupied, commercial real estate owner occupied, farmland, junior liens, home equity lines of credit, commercial business, and consumer loans.

Residential real estate loans primarily consist of loans to individuals for the purchase or refinance of their primary residence, with a smaller portion of the segment secured by non-owner-occupied residential investment properties and multi-family residential investment properties. Also, included within the residential real estate loan portfolio are home equity loans and junior lien loans, which are secured by liens on the borrower’s personal residence. The risks associated with residential real estate loans are closely correlated to the local housing market and general economic conditions, as repayment of the loans is primarily dependent on the borrower’s or tenant’s personal cash flow and employment status.

The Company’s construction loan portfolio consists of single-family residential properties, multi-family properties and commercial projects, and includes both owner-occupied and speculative investment properties. Risks inherent in construction lending are related to the market value of the property held as collateral, the cost and timing of constructing or improving a property, the borrower’s ability to use funds generated by a project to service a loan until a project is completed, movements in interest rates and the real estate market during the construction phase, and the ability of the borrower to obtain permanent financing.

Commercial real estate loans are comprised of loans secured by various types of collateral including office buildings, warehouses, retail space and mixed-use buildings located in the Company’s primary lending area. Risks related to commercial real estate lending are related to the market value of the property taken as collateral, the underlying cash flows and general economic condition of the local real estate market. Repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the ability of the borrower to attract tenants at lease rates or general business operating cash flows that provide for adequate debt service and can be impacted by local economic conditions which impact vacancy rates and the general level of business activity. The Company generally obtains loan guarantees from financially capable parties for commercial real estate loans.

Commercial business loans include lines of credit to businesses, term loans and letters of credit secured by business assets such as equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, or other assets excluding real estate and are generally made to finance capital expenditures or fund operations. Commercial loans contain risks related to the value of the collateral securing the loan and the repayment is primarily dependent upon the financial success and viability of the borrower. As with commercial real estate loans, the Company generally obtains loan guarantees from financially capable parties for commercial business loans.

Consumer loans consist primarily of home improvement loans, automobile and truck loans, boat loans, mobile home loans, loans secured by savings deposits, and other personal loans. The risks associated with these loans are related to the local housing market and local economic conditions including the unemployment level.

Loan Charge-Offs. For portfolio segments other than consumer loans, the Company’s practice is to charge-off any loan or portion of a loan when the loan is determined by management to be uncollectible due to the borrower’s failure to meet repayment terms, the borrower’s deteriorating or deteriorated financial condition, the depreciation of the underlying collateral, the loan’s classification as a loss by regulatory examiners, or for other reasons. A partial charge-off is recorded on a loan when the collectability of a portion of the loan has been confirmed, such as when a loan is discharged in bankruptcy, the collateral is liquidated, a loan is restructured at a reduced principal balance, or other identifiable events that lead management to determine the full principal balance of the loan will not be repaid. A specific reserve is recognized as a component of the allowance for estimated losses on loans individually evaluated for impairment. Partial charge-offs on nonperforming and impaired loans are included in the Company’s historical loss experience used to estimate the general component of the allowance for loan losses as discussed above. Specific reserves are not considered charge-offs in management’s evaluation of the general component of the allowance for loan losses because they are estimates and the outcome of the loan relationship is undetermined.

Consumer loans not secured by real estate are typically charged off at 90 days past due, or earlier if deemed uncollectible, unless the loans are in the process of collection. Overdrafts are charged off after 60 days past due.

-13-

A charge-off is typically recorded on a loan secured by real estate when the property is foreclosed upon when the carrying value of the loan exceeds the property’s fair value less the estimated costs to sell.

Impaired Loans. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.

Values for collateral dependent loans are generally based on appraisals obtained from independent licensed real estate appraisers, with adjustments applied for estimated costs to sell the property, costs to complete unfinished or repair damaged property and other factors. New appraisals or valuations are generally obtained for all significant properties (if the value is estimated to exceed $100,000) when a loan is identified as impaired. Subsequent appraisals are obtained or an internal evaluation is prepared annually, or more frequently if management believes there has been a significant change in the market value of a collateral property securing a collateral dependent impaired loan. In instances where it is not deemed necessary to obtain a new appraisal, management bases its impairment evaluation on the original appraisal with adjustments for current conditions based on management’s assessment of market factors and inspection of the property.

At March 31, 2022, there were two loans totaling $20,000 that are secured by residential real estate property for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process. The recorded investment in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property in the process of foreclosure was $19,000 at December 31, 2021.

Loans at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consisted of the following:

	March 31,		December 31,
(In thousands)	2022		2021
Real estate mortgage loans:
One-to-four family residential	$	65,709	$	64,098
Multi-family residential		9,018		9,385
Residential construction		1,087		1,406
Commercial real estate		40,905		36,678
Commercial real estate construction		1,518		1,632
Commercial business loans		8,649		8,804
Consumer loans		2,025		2,152
Total loans		128,911		124,155
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net		(83)		(64)
Allowance for loan losses		(1,522)		(1,523)
Loans, net	$	127,306	$	122,568

-14-

The following table provides the components of the Company’s recorded investment in loans at March 31, 2022:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	$	65,709	$	9,018	$	2,605	$	40,905	$	8,649	$	2,025	$	128,911
Accrued interest receivable		177		16		7		98		24		6		328
Net deferred loan fees/costs		10		(24)		(9)		(78)		(24)		42		(83)
Recorded investment in loans	$	65,896	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,925	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	129,156
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	883	$	—	$	—	$	165	$	324	$	—	$	1,372
Collectively evaluated for impairment		65,013		9,010		2,603		40,760		8,325		2,073		127,784
Ending balance	$	65,896	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,925	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	129,156

The following table provides the components of the Company’s recorded investment in loans at December 31, 2021:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	$	64,098	$	9,385	$	3,038	$	36,678	$	8,804	$	2,152	$	124,155
Accrued interest receivable		158		11		7		76		38		6		296
Net deferred loan fees/costs		7		(24)		(13)		(52)		(27)		45		(64)
Recorded investment in loans	$	64,263	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,702	$	8,815	$	2,203	$	124,387
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	1,041	$	—	$	—	$	170	$	328	$	3	$	1,542
Collectively evaluated for impairment		63,222		9,372		3,032		36,532		8,487		2,200		122,845
Ending balance	$	64,263	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,702	$	8,815	$	2,203	$	124,387

-15-

An analysis of the allowance for loan losses as of March 31, 2022 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	26	$	—	$	48
Collectively evaluated for impairment		761		94		20		474		94		31		1,474
Ending balance	$	782	$	94	$	20	$	475	$	120	$	31	$	1,522

An analysis of the allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2021 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	19	$	—	$	40
Collectively evaluated for impairment		852		102		25		363		108		33		1,483
Ending balance	$	873	$	102	$	25	$	363	$	127	$	33	$	1,523

An analysis of the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	873	$	102	$	25	$	363	$	127	$	33	$	1,523
Provisions		(93)		(8)		(5)		112		(7)		1		—
Charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		(4)		(4)
Recoveries		2		—		—		—		—		1		3
Ending balance	$	782	$	94	$	20	$	475	$	120	$	31	$	1,522

-16-

An analysis of the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	992	$	98	$	55	$	306	$	113	$	25	$	1,589
Provisions		3		(14)		(17)		3		24		1		—
Charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		(4)		(4)
Recoveries		2		—		—		—		—		3		5
Ending balance	$	997	$	84	$	38	$	309	$	137	$	25	$	1,590

-17-

The following table summarizes the Company’s impaired loans as of March 31, 2022 and for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans using the cash receipts method of accounting for the three-month period ended March 31, 2022.

							Three Months Ended
	At March 31, 2022						March 31, 2022
	Unpaid						Average		Interest
	Recorded		Principal		Related		Recorded		Income
	Investment		Balance		Allowance		Investment		Recognized
	(In thousands)
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	611	$	669	$	—	$	717	$	—
Commercial real estate		98		98		—		100		1
Commercial business		—				—		—		—
Consumer		—		—		—		1		—
	$	709	$	767	$	—	$	818	$	1
Loans with an allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	272	$	279	$	21	$	245	$	3
Commercial real estate		67		71		1		68		1
Commercial business		324		324		26		326		4
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—
	$	663	$	674	$	48	$	639	$	8
Total:
One-to-four family residential	$	883	$	948	$	21	$	962	$	3
Commercial real estate		165		169		1		168		2
Commercial business		324		324		26		326		4
Consumer		—		—		—		1		—
	$	1,372	$	1,441	$	48	$	1,457	$	9

-18-

The following table summarizes the Company’s impaired loans for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021. The Company did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans using the cash receipts method of accounting for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021
	Average		Interest
	Recorded		Income
	Investment		Recognized
	(In thousands)
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	1,060	$	1
Commercial real estate		93		1
Commercial business		10		—
	$	1,163	$	2
Loans with an allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	270	$	3
Commercial real estate		183		1
Commercial business		360		5
	$	813	$	9
Total:
One-to-four family residential	$	1,330	$	4
Commercial real estate		276		2
Commercial business		370		5
	$	1,976	$	11

-19-

The following table summarizes the Company’s impaired loans as of December 31, 2021:

	At December 31, 2021
			Unpaid
	Recorded		Principal		Related
	Investment		Balance		Allowance
	(In thousands)
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	822	$	905	$	—
Commercial real estate		102		102		—
Commercial business		—		—		—
Consumer		3		3		—
	$	927	$	1,010	$	—
Loans with an allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	219	$	218	$	21
Commercial real estate		68		72		—
Commercial business		328		328		19
Consumer		—		—		—
	$	615	$	618	$	40
Total:
One-to-four family residential	$	1,041	$	1,123	$	21
Commercial real estate		170		174		—
Commercial business		328		328		19
Consumer		3		3		—
	$	1,542	$	1,628	$	40

Nonperforming loans consists of nonaccrual loans and loans over 90 days past due and still accruing interest. The following table presents the recorded investment in nonperforming loans at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

	At March 31, 2022						At December 31, 2021
			Loans 90+						Loans 90+
			Days		Total				Days		Total
	Nonaccrual		Past Due		Nonperforming		Nonaccrual		Past Due		Nonperforming
	Loans		Still Accruing		Loans		Loans		Still Accruing		Loans
	(In thousands)
One-to-four family residential	$	579	$	—	$	579	$	735	$	—	$	735
Commercial real estate		15		—		15		15		—		15
Consumer		—		—		—		3		—		3
Total	$	594	$	—	$	594	$	753	$	—	$	753

-20-

The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in loans at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

					Over
	30‑59 Days		60‑89 Days		90 Days		Total				Total
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Current		Loans
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
One-to-four family residential	$	937	$	—	$	83	$	1,020	$	64,876	$	65,896
Multi-family residential		—		—		—		—		9,010		9,010
Construction		—		—		—		—		2,603		2,603
Commercial real estate		6		—		—		6		40,919		40,925
Commercial business		—		—		—		—		8,649		8,649
Consumer		16		—		—		16		2,057		2,073
Total	$	959	$	—	$	83	$	1,042	$	128,114	$	129,156

December 31, 2021
One-to-four family residential	$	545	$	248	$	57	$	850	$	63,413	$	64,263
Multi-family residential		—		—		—		—		9,372		9,372
Construction		—		—		—		—		3,032		3,032
Commercial real estate		451		—		—		451		36,251		36,702
Commercial business		—		—		—		—		8,815		8,815
Consumer		—		—		3		3		2,200		2,203
Total	$	996	$	248	$	60	$	1,304	$	123,083	$	124,387

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as:  current financial information, public information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company classifies loans based on credit risk at least quarterly. The Company uses the following regulatory definitions for risk ratings:

Special Mention:  Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date.

Substandard:  Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful:  Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loss:  Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance on the institution’s books as an asset is not warranted.

Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be pass rated loans.

-21-

The following table presents the recorded investment in loans by risk category as of the dates indicated:

	One-to-		Multi-
	Four Family		Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
Pass	$	65,302	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,816	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	128,453
Special mention		—		—		—		88		—		—		88
Substandard		594		—		—		21		—		—		615
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	65,896	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,925	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	129,156
December 31, 2021
Pass	$	63,399	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,593	$	8,815	$	2,200	$	123,411
Special mention		—		—		—		87		—		—		87
Substandard		864		—		—		22		—		3		889
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	64,263	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,702	$	8,815	$	2,203	$	124,387

Modification of a loan is considered to be a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") if the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties and the Company grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider. By granting the concession, the Company expects to obtain more cash or other value from the debtor, or to increase the probability of receipt, than would be expected by not granting the concession. The concession may include, but is not limited to, reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, reduction of accrued interest, extension of the maturity date or reduction of the face amount of the debt. A concession will be granted when, as a result of the restructuring, the Company does not expect to collect all amounts due, including interest at the original stated rate. A concession may also be granted if the debtor is not able to access funds elsewhere at a market rate for debt with similar risk characteristics as the restructured debt. The Company’s determination of whether a loan modification is a TDR considers the individual facts and circumstances surrounding each modification.

A TDR can involve loans remaining on nonaccrual, moving to nonaccrual, or continuing on accrual status, depending on the individual facts and circumstances of the restructuring. A TDR on nonaccrual status is restored to accrual status when the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments in accordance with the restructured terms, including consistent and timely payments for at least six consecutive months in accordance with the restructured terms.

The following table summarizes the Company’s TDRs by accrual status as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

	March 31, 2022								December 31, 2021
							Related								Related
							Allowance for								Allowance for
	Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total		Loan Losses		Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total		Loan Losses
	(In thousands)
One-to-four family residential	$	304	$	97	$	401	$	21	$	306	$	101	$	407	$	21
Commercial real estate		150		—		150		1		155		—		155		—
Commercial business		324		—		324		26		328		—		328		19
Total	$	778	$	97	$	875	$	48	$	789	$	101	$	890	$	40

-22-

At both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 there were no commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose loan terms have been modified in a TDR (both accruing and nonaccruing).

There were no TDRs that were restructured during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

There were no principal charge-offs recorded as a result of TDRs and there was no specific allowance for loan losses related to TDRs modified during both the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

There were no TDRs modified within the previous 12 months for which there was a subsequent payment default (defined as the loan becoming more than 90 days past due, being moved to nonaccrual status, or the collateral being foreclosed upon) during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. In the event that a TDR subsequently defaults, the Company evaluates the restructuring for possible impairment. As a result, the related allowance for loan losses may be increased or charge-offs may be taken to reduce the carrying amount of the loan.

5.           Supplemental Disclosure for Earnings Per Share

Nonvested restricted stock shares and unallocated ESOP shares are not considered as outstanding for purposes of computing weighted average common shares outstanding. No stock options for common stock and no restricted stock awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share because their effect was antidilutive for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Basic
Earnings:
Net income	$	467	$	378
Shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		2,811,781		2,965,780
Net income per common share, basic	$	0.17	$	0.13
Diluted
Earnings:
Net income	$	467	$	378
Shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		2,811,781		2,965,780
Add: Dilutive effect of stock options		2,519		4,262
Add: Dilutive effect of restricted stock		2,167		4,375
Weighted average common shares outstanding, as adjusted		2,816,467		2,974,417
Net income per common share, diluted	$	0.17	$	0.13

6.           Employee Stock Ownership Plan

In connection with the Conversion, the Bank established a leveraged ESOP for eligible employees of the Company and the Bank. The ESOP trust purchased 204,789 shares of Company common stock at the initial public

-23-

offering price of $10.00 per share financed by a 20-year term loan with the Company. The loan is secured by shares purchased with the loan proceeds and will be repaid by the ESOP with funds from the Company’s discretionary contributions to the ESOP and earnings on ESOP assets. The employer loan and the related interest income are not recognized in the consolidated financial statements as the debt is serviced by employer contributions. Dividends payable on allocated shares are charged to retained earnings and are satisfied by the allocation of cash dividends to participant accounts. Dividends payable on unallocated shares are not considered dividends for financial reporting purposes. Shares held by the ESOP trust are held in a suspense account and allocated to participant accounts as principal and interest payments are made by the ESOP to the Company. Payments of principal and interest are due annually on December 31^st, the Company’s fiscal year end.

As shares are committed to be released for allocation to participant accounts from collateral, the Company reports compensation expense equal to the average fair value of shares committed to be released during the year with a corresponding credit to stockholders’ equity and the shares become outstanding for earnings per share computations. The compensation expense is accrued throughout the year.

Compensation expense recognized for the three-month period ended March 31, 2022 was $39,000. Compensation expense recognized for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021 was $41,000. The ESOP trust held 39,847 allocated shares and 164,942 unallocated shares of Company common stock at March 31, 2022. The fair value of the unallocated shares was $2.4 million at March 31, 2022.

7.            Stock-based Compensation Plans

The Company’s stock-based compensation plans are described below.

2010 Equity Incentive Plan

The Bank had an equity incentive plan (the “2010 Plan”) adopted on July 27, 2010 which was assumed by the Company in connection with the Conversion. Under the 2010 Plan, 127,849 shares of common stock, as adjusted for the Conversion exchange ratio, were approved for awards of stock options and restricted stock. As of March 31, 2022, on an adjusted basis, awards for stock options totaling 88,164 shares and awards for restricted stock totaling 34,250 shares of Company common stock have been granted, net of any forfeitures, to participants in the 2010 Plan. The 2010 Plan expired July 27, 2020.

The vesting dates for stock option awards are determined by the Compensation Committee appointed by the board of directors. All unvested options become exercisable upon an option holder’s death or disability and in the event of a change in control. Option prices may not be less than the fair market value of the underlying stock at the date of the grant of the award. Restricted stock awards generally vest over a period of five years. The Plan provides that unvested restricted stock awards become fully vested upon a holder’s death or disability and in the event of a change in control. Compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period with a corresponding credit to stockholders' equity.  The requisite service period for restricted shares is the vesting period.

2019 Equity Incentive Plan

In September 2019, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) which provides for the award of stock options and restricted stock. Under the 2019 Plan, the Compensation Committee may grant stock options that, upon exercise, result in the issuance of 255,987 shares of common stock and may grant 102,395 shares of restricted stock. At March 31, 2022, awards for stock options totaling 6,500 shares and awards for restricted stock totaling 33,400 shares of the Company common stock have been granted to participants in the 2019 Plan.

The fair value of stock options granted is determined at the date of grant using the binomial option pricing model. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of the Company's stock (for periods prior to the Conversion, the historical volatility of the Bank’s common stock). The expected term of options granted represents the period

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of time that options are expected to be outstanding and is based on historical trends. The risk-free rate for the expected life of the options is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

A summary of option activity as of March 31, 2022, and changes during the three-month period then ended is presented below:

				Weighted
				Average
	Number	Weighted		Remaining	Aggregate
	of	Average Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Shares	Price		Term	Value
Outstanding at beginning of year	98,584	$	13.42
Granted	—		—
Exercised	(7,869)		13.11
Forfeited or expired	(5,090)		13.34
Outstanding at end of period	85,625	$	13.46	7.8	$	118,000
Vested and expected to vest	85,625	$	13.46	7.8	$	118,000
Exercisable at end of period	53,025	$	13.33	7.7	$	78,000

For both the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $13,000 in compensation expense related to the stock option plan. At March 31, 2022, there was $102,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested stock options. The compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.

A summary of the activity for the Company’s nonvested restricted shares as of March 31, 2022 and changes during the three-month period then ended is presented below:

		Weighted
	Number	Average
	of	Grant-Date
	Shares	Fair Value
Nonvested at beginning of year	32,578	$	14.53
Granted	—		—
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	(150)		14.74
Nonvested at end of period	32,428	$	14.53

For the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $41,000 and $45,000, respectively, in compensation expense related to the restricted stock plans. At March 31, 2022, unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested restricted shares was $430,000. The compensation expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average vesting period of 2.8 years.

8.           Fair Value Measurements

FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, provides the framework for measuring fair value. That framework provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB ASC Topic 820 are described as follows:

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Level 1:    Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices, unadjusted, for identical assets or liabilities in active markets

Level 2:     Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted market prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or inputs that are derived principally from or can be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3:     Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

A description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth on the following page. These valuation methodologies were applied to all of the Company’s financial and nonfinancial assets carried at fair value or the lower of cost or fair value. The table below presents the balances of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. There were no assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The Company had no liabilities measured at fair value as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

	Carrying Value
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis
Securities available for sale:
Agency MBS	$	—	$	13,613	$	—	$	13,613
Agency CMO		—		23,308		—		23,308
U.S. Treasury securities		—		9,723		—		9,723
U.S. Government agency obligations		—		1,994		—		1,994
Municipal obligations		—		68,773		—		68,773
Total securities available for sale	$	—	$	117,411	$	—	$	117,411
December 31, 2021
Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis
Securities available for sale:
Agency MBS	$	—	$	11,853	$	—	$	11,853
Agency CMO		—		23,778		—		23,778
Municipal obligations		—		71,662		—		71,662
Total securities available for sale	$	—	$	107,293	$	—	$	107,293

Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based on internally developed models or obtained from third parties that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters or a matrix pricing model that employs the Bond Market Association’s standard calculations for cash flow and price/yield analysis and observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value, or the lower of cost or fair value. These adjustments may include unobservable parameters. Any such valuation adjustments have been applied consistently over time. The Company’s valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation

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that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While management believes the Company’s valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

Securities Available for Sale. Securities classified as available for sale are reported at fair value on a recurring basis. These securities are classified as Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy where quoted market prices from reputable third-party brokers are available in an active market. If quoted market prices are not available, the Company obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service. These securities are reported using Level 2 inputs and the fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, U.S. government and agency yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and the security’s terms and conditions, among other factors. Changes in fair value of securities available for sale are recorded in other comprehensive income, net of income tax effect.

Impaired Loans. Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly. The fair value of impaired loans is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Impaired loans are carried at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral less estimated costs to sell if the loan is collateral dependent. At both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, all impaired loans other than performing TDRs were considered to be collateral dependent for the purpose of determining fair value. Collateral may be real estate and/or business assets, including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable. The fair value of the collateral is generally determined based on real estate appraisals or other independent evaluations by qualified professionals, adjusted for estimated costs to sell the property, costs to complete or repair the property and other factors to reflect management’s estimate of the fair value of the collateral given the current market conditions and the condition of the collateral. At both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of collateral dependent impaired loans included a discount from appraised value (including estimated costs to sell the collateral) of 10%. The Company recognized an increase in the allowance for loan losses allocated to impaired loans of $8,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company recognized a reduction in the allowance for loan losses allocated to impaired loans of $3,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

There have been no changes in the valuation techniques and related inputs used for assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. There were no transfers into or out of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

GAAP requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instruments. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not

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represent the underlying value of the Company. The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:

	Carrying		Fair Value Measurements Using
	Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	6,741	$	6,741	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		117,411		—		117,411		—
Securities held to maturity		20		—		20		—
Loans, net		127,306		—		—		125,535
FHLB stock		721		N/A		N/A		N/A
Accrued interest receivable		939		—		939		—
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits		31,159		31,159		—		—
Interest-bearing deposits		178,499		—		—		177,743
Advance from FHLB		10,000		—		9,829		—
Accrued interest payable		11		—		11		—
December 31, 2021
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	16,379	$	16,379	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		107,293		—		107,293		—
Securities held to maturity		21		—		21		—
Loans, net		122,568		—		—		123,158
FHLB stock		778		N/A		N/A		N/A
Accrued interest receivable		997		—		997		—
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits		28,602		28,602		—		—
Interest-bearing deposits		168,282		—		—		168,168
Advance from FHLB		10,000		—		10,162		—
Accrued interest payable		11		—		11		—

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9.           Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers in the scope of FASB ASC 606 is recognized within noninterest income. The following table presents the Company’s sources of noninterest income and other income within the scope of FASB ASC 606 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
	(In thousands)
Deposit account service charges	$	81	$	50
Brokered loan fees		43		68
ATM and debit card fee income		136		129
Other income		1		5
Revenue from contracts with customers		261		252
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance		14		16
Other income		10		6
Other noninterest income		24		22
Total noninterest income	$	285	$	274

A description of the Company’s revenue streams accounted for under FASB ASC 606 follows:

Deposit Account Service Charges:  The Company earns fees from its deposit customers for transaction-based, account maintenance, and overdraft services. Transaction-based fees, which include services such as stop payment charges and statement rendering, are recognized at the time the transaction is executed as that is the time the Company fulfills the customer's request. Account maintenance fees, which relate primarily to monthly maintenance, are earned over the course of a month, representing the period over which the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Overdraft fees are recognized at the point in time that the overdraft occurs.

Brokered Loan Fees:  The Company entered into a loan brokering agreements with United Wholesale Mortgage (“UWM”) and Union Home Mortgage (“UHM”). Under the agreement, the Company performs loan application and preliminary underwriting activities to determine if potential loans conform to the underwriting standards of Fannie Mae. Conforming loans are then funded by the brokers, and the Company receives a fee for services performed.

ATM and Debit Card Fee Income:  The Company earns ATM usage fees and interchange fees from debit cardholder transactions conducted through a payment network. ATM fees are recognized at the point in time the transaction occurs. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are recognized daily, concurrently with the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder.

Other Income:  Other income from contracts with customers includes safe deposit box fees, check cashing and cashier’s check fees, and wire transfer fees. This revenue is recognized at the time the transaction is executed or over the period the Company satisfies the performance obligation.

10.         Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The following are summaries of recently issued or adopted accounting pronouncements that impact the accounting and reporting practices of the Company. The Company is an emerging growth company, and as such will be subject to the effective dates noted for private companies if they differ from the effective dates notes for public companies.

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In February 2016, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The ASU requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities arising from operating leases. A lessee should recognize a liability to make lease payments and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. A lessee should include payments to be made in an optional period only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. For a finance lease, interest payments should be recognized separately from amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statement of comprehensive income. For operating leases, the lease cost should be allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis. For public entities the amendments in the ASU became effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For nonpublic entities, the original effective date of the guidance was for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-02 for nonpublic entities until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. Early application of the amendments in the ASU is permitted. In June 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-05 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-02 for nonpublic entities until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. Early application of the amendments in the ASU continues to be permitted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842), Targeted Improvements. This ASU amended the new leases standard to give entities another option for transition and to provide lessors with a practical expedient. The transition option allows entities to not apply the new leases standard in the comparative periods they present in their financial statements in the year of adoption. The practical expedient provides lessors with an option to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components when certain criteria are met and requires them to account for the combined component in accordance with the new revenue standard if the associated non-lease components are the predominant components. The amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2016-02. In March 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842), Codification Improvements. This ASU amended the new leases standard to reinstate the exception in Leases (Topic 842) for lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers in regards to determining the fair value of the underlying assets. Specifically, those lessors will use their cost, reflecting any volume or trade discounts that may apply, as the fair value of the underlying asset unless a significant lapse of time occurs between the acquisition of the underlying asset and lease commencement, in which case, those lessors will be required to apply the definition of fair value (exit price) in Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (Topic 820).

In addition, this ASU amended the new leases standard to clarify the presentation on the statement of cash flows principal payments received under leases for depository and lending institutions for Sales-Type and Direct Financing Leases. Specifically for these entities and leases, all principal payments received under leases will be presented within investing activities on the statement of cash flows. Finally, this ASU amended the new leases standard to explicitly provide an exception to paragraph 250-10-50-3 interim disclosure requirements for an entity electing the transition method of implementation. The amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2016-02. The adoption of the ASU, as amended, effective January 1, 2022 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The FASB originally issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326) as amended by ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05 and ASU 2022-02, in June 2016. This ASU, commonly referred to as the current expected credit loss methodology (“CECL”), replaces the incurred loss methodology for recognizing credit losses under current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. Under the new guidance, an entity will measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The expected loss model will apply to loans and leases, unfunded lending commitments, held-to-maturity debt securities and other debt instruments measured at amortized cost. The impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities will require the recognition of credit losses through a valuation allowance when fair value is less than amortized cost, regardless of whether the impairment is considered to be other-than-temporary. In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, which eliminates the accounting guidance for TDRs by creditors that have adopted CECL and enhances disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors to borrowers

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experiencing financial difficulty. ASU 2019-05, issued in April 2019, further provides entities that have certain financial instruments measured at amortized cost that have credit losses with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option in Subtopic 825-10, upon adoption of Topic 326. The fair value option applies to available-for-sale debt securities. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and other non-SEC reporting entities to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal periods. Early adoption is permitted as of fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is a smaller reporting company as defined by the SEC, and currently does not intend to early adopt CECL. Once adopted, the Company expects its allowance for loan losses to increase through a one-time adjustment to retained earnings; however, until its evaluation is complete, the magnitude of the increase will be unknown.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in this ASU simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740, Income Taxes. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. For public entities this ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. For nonpublic entities this ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The adoption of the ASU, effective January 1, 2022, did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The Company has determined that all other recently issued accounting pronouncements will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or do not apply to its operations.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Safe Harbor Statement for Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by use of the words “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “could,” “should” and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements also include, but are not limited to, statements regarding estimated cost savings, plans and objectives for future operations, and the Company’s business and growth strategies. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results anticipated or implied by our forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to:

● the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, including on the Company’s credit quality and business operations, as well as its impact on general economic and financial market conditions and other uncertainties resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, such as the extent and duration of the impact on public health, the U.S. and global economies, and consumer and corporate customers, including economic activity, employment levels and market liquidity;

● changes in economic conditions, either nationally or in our market area;

● fluctuations in interest rates;

● the risks of lending and investing activities, including changes in the level and direction of loan delinquencies and write-offs and changes in estimates of the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses;

● the possibility of other-than-temporary impairments of securities held in our securities portfolio;

● our ability to access cost-effective funding;

● fluctuations in the demand for loans, the number of unsold homes, land and other properties, and fluctuations in real estate values and both residential and commercial and multifamily real estate market conditions in our market area;

● secondary market conditions for loans and our ability to originate loans for sale and sell loans in the secondary market;

● our ability to attract and retain deposits;

● our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems and management personnel we may acquire into our operations and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and expected cost savings and other benefits within the anticipated time frames or at all;

● legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect our business including changes in regulatory policies and principles, or the interpretation of regulatory capital or other rules;

● monetary and fiscal policies of the Federal Reserve and the U.S. Government and other governmental initiatives affecting the financial services industry;

● results of examinations of Mid-Southern Bancorp and Mid-Southern Savings Bank by our regulators, including the possibility that the regulators may, among other things, require us to increase our allowance for loan losses or to write-down assets, change Mid-Southern Savings Bank’s regulatory capital position or affect our ability to borrow funds or maintain or increase deposits, which could adversely affect our liquidity and earnings;

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● our ability to control operating costs and expenses;

● the use of estimates in determining fair value of certain of our assets, which estimates may prove to be incorrect and result in significant declines in valuation;

● difficulties in reducing risks associated with the loans on our balance sheet;

● staffing fluctuations in response to product demand or the implementation of corporate strategies that affect our workforce and potential associated charges;

● disruptions, security breaches, or other adverse events, failures or interruptions in, or attacks on, our information technology systems or on the third-party vendors who perform several of our critical processing functions;

● our ability to retain key members of our senior management team;

● costs and effects of litigation, including settlements and judgments;

● our ability to implement our business strategies;

● increased competitive pressures among financial services companies;

● changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits;

● the availability of resources to address changes in laws, rules, or regulations or to respond to regulatory actions;

● our ability to pay dividends on our common stock;

● adverse changes in the securities markets;

● the inability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to us;

● statements with respect to our intentions regarding disclosure and other changes resulting from the JOBS Act;

● changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the financial institution regulatory agencies or the Financial Accounting Standards Board, including additional guidance and interpretation on accounting issues and details of the implementation of new accounting methods; and

● other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting our operations, pricing, products and services, including the CARES Act and the other risks described from time to time in our filings with the SEC, including our 2021 Form 10-K.

Any of the forward-looking statements that we make in this report and in other public statements we make may turn out to be wrong because of inaccurate assumptions we might make, because of the factors illustrated above or because of other factors that we cannot foresee. Any of the forward-looking statements are based upon management's beliefs and assumptions at the time they are made. Except as required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements included in this report or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those contained in such statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking statements discussed in this report might not occur and you should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements.

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As used throughout this report, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” or the “Company” refer to Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiary, Mid-Southern Savings Bank, unless the context otherwise requires.

Significant Developments and the Impact of COVID-19

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. Since March 2020, jurisdictions within and outside the U.S. have imposed economic and social restrictions on the population, in general, and non-essential businesses to slow the spread of COVID-19. These restrictions, in combination with the public’s response to them, have disrupted supply chains and effectively suspended or curtailed economic activity for many industries across the U.S. and the world. Industries within the Company’s market footprint have been impacted by these supply chain disruptions as well as the corresponding inflationary pressures driven by them in combination with on-going governmental stimulus programs.

Our commercial and banking products are offered primarily in the Louisville-Jefferson County Metropolitan Statistical Area (“MSA” consisting of Clark, Floyd, Harrison and Washington counties in Indiana and Bullitt, Henry, Jefferson, Oldham, Shelby and Spencer counties in Kentucky) plus Lawrence and Orange counties in Indiana, where municipal and state-wide responses to the pandemic have led to a broad curtailment of economic activity beginning in March 2020. The Company’s operations and the markets its serves have been and will continue to be significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public’s response to this pandemic.

In response to the pandemic, several regulatory directives have been enacted at the federal, state and local levels, including the following:

● On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was signed into law. The CARES Act established a $2 trillion economic stimulus package, providing cash payments to individuals, supplemental unemployment insurance benefits and a $349 billion loan program administered through the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”), referred to as the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”). Under the PPP, small businesses, sole proprietorships, independent contractors and self-employed individuals may apply for loans from existing SBA lenders and other approved regulated lenders that enroll in the program, subject to numerous limitations and eligibility criteria. The Bank participated as a lender in the PPP, and through the initial round of the program, it issued 29 loans totaling $474,000. As of March 31, 2022, all loans funded in the initial round had received full forgiveness from the SBA. In late December, the Emergency Coronavirus Relief Act of 2020 (the “Relief Act”) was enacted. The Relief Act extended certain provisions of the CARES Act, and allotted $284 billion to the SBA for a second round of PPP loans. During the second round, the Bank funded 43 PPP loans totaling $815,000. As of March 31, 2022, all loans funded in the second round had received full forgiveness from the SBA.

● In addition, the CARES Act and related bank agency regulatory guidance provide financial institutions the option to temporarily suspend certain requirements under GAAP related to TDRs for a limited period of time to account for the effects of COVID-19. Most modifications allowed deferral of principal and interest payments for 90 days. Through 2020, the Bank modified 89 loans related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and most modifications allowed deferral of principal and interest payments for 90 days. All modified loans that remain outstanding at March 31, 2022 have returned to their pre-modification payment terms. Two of these loans with a total principal balance of $121,000 as of March 31, 2022 are pre-existing TDRs. See Note 4 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosure of TDRs as of March 31, 2022. All loans modified due to COVID-19 will be separately monitored and any request for continuation of relief beyond the initial modification will be reassessed at that time to determine if a further modification should be granted and if a downgrade in risk rating is appropriate. As of March 31, 2022, none of our customers who received PPP loans were granted some form of COVID-19 related loan modification.

The COVID-19 pandemic and related economic developments could have an adverse impact on our business. The extent and duration of the COVID-19 economic impact is difficult to quantify, however our financial condition, capital levels and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. While the ultimate impact of the crisis is difficult

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to predict, we believe the Company is well-capitalized and has the financial stability to continue to responsibly serve its customers and communities during this unprecedented time.

In response to the pandemic, we have undertaken several actions to address the needs of our employees, our customers and our communities. We continue to follow CDC and state health office guidelines and respond to new developments.

Overview

Our principal business consists of attracting retail deposits from the general public and investing those funds, along with borrowed funds, in loans secured by first and second mortgages on one- to four-family residences (including home equity loans and lines of credit), commercial and multifamily, consumer and commercial business loans and, to a lesser extent, construction and land loans. We offer a wide variety of consumer loan products, including automobile loans, boat loans, manufactured homes not secured by permanent dwellings and recreational vehicle loans. We intend to continue emphasizing our residential mortgage, home equity and consumer lending, while also expanding our emphasis in commercial and multifamily and commercial business lending.

Our operating revenues are derived principally from earnings on interest earning assets, service charges and fees. Our primary sources of funds are deposits, Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances and other borrowings, and payments received on loans and securities. We offer a variety of deposit accounts that provide a wide range of interest rates and terms, generally including savings, money market, term certificate and checking accounts. Our noninterest expenses consist primarily of salaries and employee benefits, expenses for occupancy and marketing and computer services. Salaries and benefits consist primarily of the salaries and wages paid to our employees, payroll taxes, expenses for retirement and other employee benefits. Occupancy expenses, which are the fixed and variable costs of buildings and equipment, consist primarily of lease payments, property taxes, depreciation charges, maintenance and costs of utilities.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations are based on our financial statements, which are prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of income and expenses. We consider the accounting policies discussed below to be significant accounting policies. The estimates and assumptions that we use are based on historical experience and various other factors and are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, resulting in a change that could have a material impact on the carrying value of our assets and liabilities and our results of operations.

The following represent our significant accounting policies:

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses represents management's estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the date of the statement of condition and it is recorded as a reduction of loans. The allowance is increased by the provision for loan losses, and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries. Loans deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for loan losses, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. All, or part, of the principal balance of loans receivable are charged off to the allowance as soon as it is determined that the repayment of all, or part, of the principal balance is highly unlikely. Because all identified losses are immediately charged off, no portion of the allowance for loan losses is restricted to any individual loan and the entire allowance is available to absorb all loan losses.

The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for losses that can be reasonably anticipated. Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance. The allowance is based on our past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower's ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

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The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. For loans that are classified impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows or collateral value of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan.

The general component covers pools of loans, by loan class, including commercial loans not considered impaired, as well as smaller balance homogenous loans, such as residential real estate, home equity and other consumer loans. These pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure based on historical loss rates for each of these categories of loans, which are adjusted for qualitative factors. The qualitative factors include:

● Lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge-off and recovery practices;

● National, regional and local economic and business conditions as well as the condition of various market segments;

● Nature and volume of the portfolio and terms of the loans;

● Experience, ability and depth of the lending management and staff;

● Changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans;

● The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit, and changes in the level of such concentrations;

● The effect of other external factors such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the institution’s existing portfolio;

● Volume and severity of past due, classified and non-accrual loans, as well as other loan modifications; and

● Quality of our loan review system and the degree of oversight by our board of directors.

Each factor is assigned a value to reflect improving, stable or declining conditions based on management's best judgment using relevant information available at the time of the evaluation. Adjustments to the factors are supported through documentation of changes in conditions in a narrative accompanying the allowance for loan loss analysis and calculation.

In addition, various bank regulatory agencies periodically review the allowance for loan losses and may require an increase in the provision for possible loan losses or the recognition of further loan charge-offs based on their judgment about information available to them at the time of their examination.

Income Taxes. Income taxes are provided for the tax effects of certain transactions reported in the consolidated financial statements. Income taxes consist of taxes currently due plus deferred taxes related primarily to temporary differences between the financial reporting and income tax basis of the allowance for loan losses, premises and equipment, certain state tax credits, and deferred loan origination costs. The deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the future tax return consequences of the temporary differences, which will either be taxable or deductible when the assets and liabilities are recovered or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected at income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes.

Estimation of Fair Values. Fair values for securities available-for-sale are obtained from an independent third-party pricing service. Where available, fair values are based on quoted prices on a nationally recognized securities exchange. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using quoted market prices for similar benchmark

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securities. Management generally makes no adjustments to the fair value quotes provided by the pricing source. The fair values of foreclosed real estate and the underlying collateral value of impaired loans are typically determined based on evaluations by third parties, less estimated costs to sell. When necessary, appraisals are updated to reflect changes in market conditions.

Comparison of Financial Condition at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021

Total assets increased $7.2 million, or 2.8%, to $261.5 million at March 31, 2022 from $254.3 million at December 31, 2021.

Cash and Cash Equivalents.  Cash and cash equivalents decreased $9.6 million, or 58.8%, to $6.7 million at March 31, 2022 from $16.4 million at December 31, 2021 due primarily to the net effect of activity in available for sale securities and an increase in net loans receivable partially offset by an increase in deposits.

Loans.  Our primary lending activity is the origination of loans secured by real estate. We originate one-to-four family residential loans, multifamily residential loans, commercial real estate loans and construction loans, as well as commercial business loans and consumer loans. Net loans receivable increased $4.7 million, or 3.9%, to $127.3 million at March 31, 2022 from $122.6 million at December 31, 2021. The increase in net loans receivable was due primarily to increases in commercial real estate loans and one-to-four family residential loans, partially offset by decreases in multifamily residential loans and residential construction loans.

Securities Available for Sale.  Our available for sale securities portfolio consists primarily of U.S. government agency debt securities, including mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations, and municipal obligations. Securities available for sale increased $10.1 million, or 9.4%, to $117.4 million at March 31, 2022 from $107.3 million at December 31, 2021. The increase was due primarily to purchases of $23.1 million in U.S. Treasury and related agency obligations, municipal obligations and federal agency mortgage-backed securities partially offset by $5.0 million in principal collections, calls and maturities on mortgage-backed and tax-exempt securities and a $7.8 million increase in the gross unrealized loss in the available for sale securities portfolio.

Securities Held to Maturity.  Our held to maturity securities portfolio consists of U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities. Securities held to maturity decreased $1,000, or 4.8%, to $20,000 at March 31, 2022 from $21,000 at December 31, 2021 due primarily to principal repayments of mortgage-backed securities.

Other Assets.  Other assets increased $2.1 million to $2.4 million at March 31, 2022 from $243,000 at December 31, 2021 primarily due to a $2.0 million increase in the net deferred tax asset, largely attributable to the tax effect on the unrealized loss on available for sale securities.

Deposits.  Deposit accounts, primarily obtained from individuals and businesses throughout our local market area, are the primary source of funds for our lending and investments. Our deposit accounts are comprised of noninterest-bearing checking, interest-bearing checking, savings, and money market accounts and certificates of deposit. Deposits increased $12.8 million, or 6.5%, to $209.7 million at March 31, 2022 from $196.9 million at December 31, 2021.

Borrowings.  On June 27, 2019, the Company borrowed $10.0 million from the FHLB which matures on June 27, 2024 and bears interest at a rate of 1.73%.

Stockholders’ Equity.  Stockholders’ equity decreased $5.6 million to $41.0 million at March 31, 2022 from $46.5 million at December 31, 2021. The decrease was due primarily to a decrease in the accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, of $5.9 million and the repurchase of 16,117 shares of our common stock at a total cost of $241,000, partially offset by net income of $467,000.

Comparison of Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021

Net Income.  Net income was $467,000 ($0.17 per common share diluted) for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to net income of $378,000 ($0.13 per common share diluted) for the three months ended

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March 31, 2021. The primary reasons for the increase in net income between the periods were increased net interest income, noninterest income and lower noninterest expenses, partially offset by increased income tax expense.

Net Interest Income.  Net interest income after provision for loan losses increased $38,000, or 2.2%, to $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 due primarily to an increase in average interest-earning assets and a decline in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, partially offset by a decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets and higher average deposits.

Total interest income increased $18,000, or 1.0%, to $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to $1.9 million the same period in 2021. The increase resulted from an increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets partially offset by a decrease in the yield earned on interest-earning assets. The average balance of interest-earning assets increased to $250.9 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 from $228.8 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2021, due primarily to increases in loans receivable, investment securities and interest-bearing deposits with banks. The average tax equivalent yield on interest-earning assets decreased to 3.17% for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 from 3.43% for the quarter ended March 31, 2021, due primarily to a decrease in market interest rates.

Total interest expense decreased $20,000, or 11.8%, to $150,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $170,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 due to a decrease in the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities, partially offset by an increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities. The average cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased to 0.32% for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 from 0.42% for the same period in 2021. The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities increased to $184.4 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 from $163.0 million for the same period in 2021, due primarily to an increase in the number and balance of savings and interest-bearing demand deposit accounts, partially offset by a decrease in time deposits. The average cost of deposits decreased to 0.24% for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 from 0.33% for the same period in 2021. As a result of the changes in interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the interest rate spread decreased to 2.85% from 3.01% and the net interest margin decreased to 2.93% from 3.13% for the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Provision for Loan Losses.  Non-performing loans decreased to $594,000, at March 31, 2022 compared to $753,000 at December 31, 2021, or 0.5% and 0.6% of total loans, respectively. At March 31, 2022, $101,000 or 17.0% of nonperforming loans were current on their loan payments. Based on an analysis of the factors described in "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Allowance for Loan Losses,” the Company did not record a provision for loan losses for both the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Noninterest Income.  Noninterest income increased $11,000, or 4.0%, for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 as compared to the same period in 2021, due primarily to increases of $31,000 and  $7,000 in deposit account service charges and ATM and debit card fee income, respectively, partially offset by a decrease of $25,000 in brokered loan fees.

Noninterest Expense.  Noninterest expense decreased $57,000, or 3.6%, for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 as compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was due primarily to decreases in compensation and benefits of $64,000, directors’ compensation of $19,000 and professional fees of $11,000, partially offset by increases in data processing expenses of $23,000 and occupancy and equipment expenses of $9,000.

Income Tax Expense.  The Company recorded an income tax expense of $34,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2022, compared to an expense of $17,000 for the same period in 2021, resulting from an increase in our effective tax rate to 6.8% for 2022 compared to 4.3% for 2021.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity management is both a daily and longer-term function of management. Excess liquidity is generally invested in short-term investments, such as overnight deposits and federal funds. On a longer-term basis, we maintain a strategy of investing in various lending products and investment securities, including municipal and mortgage-backed securities. We use our sources of funds primarily to meet ongoing commitments, pay maturing deposits, fund deposit withdrawals and fund loan commitments.

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We maintain cash and investments that qualify as liquid assets to maintain adequate liquidity to ensure safe and sound operation and meet demands for customer funds (particularly withdrawals of deposits). At March 31, 2022, we had $124.2 million in cash and investment securities available for sale generally available for our cash needs. If we require funds beyond our ability to generate them internally, we have additional borrowing capacity with the FHLB of Indianapolis and additional collateral eligible for repurchase agreements. We are required to have enough cash and investments that qualify as liquid assets in order to maintain sufficient liquidity to ensure safe and sound operations. Liquidity may increase or decrease depending upon the availability of funds and comparative yields on investments in relation to the return on loans. Historically, we have maintained liquid assets above levels believed to be adequate to meet the requirements of normal operations, including potential deposit outflows. Cash flow projections are regularly reviewed and updated to assure that adequate liquidity is maintained.

Liquidity management involves the matching of cash flow requirements of customers, who may be either depositors desiring to withdraw funds or borrowers needing assurance that sufficient funds will be available to meet their credit needs, and our ability to manage those requirements. We strive to maintain an adequate liquidity position by managing the balances and maturities of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities so that the balance we have in short-term investments at any given time will cover adequately any reasonably anticipated, immediate need for funds. Additionally, we maintain relationships with correspondent banks, which could provide funds on short-term notice if needed. Our liquidity, represented by cash and cash-equivalents, is a product of our operating, investing and financing activities.

We believe that the COVID-19 pandemic could place potential stresses on our liquidity management. As our customers manage their liquidity issues, we could experience an increase in the utilization of existing lines of credit and or deposit outflows. We continually monitor our liquidity for signs of stress resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and intend to respond consistent with our asset/liability objectives.

The Company is a separate legal entity from Mid-Southern Savings Bank and must provide for its own liquidity. Sources of capital and liquidity for the Company include any distributions from the Bank and the issuance of debt or equity securities. Dividends and other capital distributions from the Bank are subject to regulatory notice. On a stand-alone basis, the Company had liquid assets of $2.8 million at March 31, 2022.

Our liquidity, represented by cash and cash equivalents and investment securities, is a product of our operating, investing and financing activities. Our primary sources of funds are deposits, amortization, prepayments and maturities of outstanding loans and mortgage-backed securities, maturities of investment securities and other short-term investments and funds provided from operations. While scheduled payments from the amortization of loans and mortgage-backed securities and maturing investment securities and short-term investments are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, which provide liquidity to meet lending requirements. We also generate cash through borrowings. We utilize FHLB advances to leverage our capital base and provide funds for our lending and investment activities, and to enhance our interest rate risk management.

We use our sources of funds primarily to meet ongoing commitments, to pay maturing deposits and fund withdrawals, and to fund loan commitments. At March 31, 2022, the approved outstanding loan commitments, including unused lines and letters of credit, amounted to $26.9 million. Certificates of deposit scheduled to mature in one year or less at March 31, 2022, totaled $22.1 million. It is management’s policy to manage deposit rates that are competitive with other local financial institutions. Based on this management strategy, we believe that a majority of maturing deposits will remain with us.

The Bank is subject to minimum capital requirements imposed by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”). Consistent with our goals to operate a sound and profitable organization, our policy is for the Bank to maintain a "well-capitalized" status under the capital categories of the OCC. Based on capital levels at March 31, 2022, the Bank exceeded all regulatory capital requirements and met the requirements to be deemed "well-capitalized" under applicable OCC regulatory guidelines.

On May 23, 2018, the President signed into law the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act passed by Congress (the “Act”). The Act contains a number of provisions extending regulatory relief to

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banks and savings institutions and their holding companies. A bank or savings institution that elects to use the Community Bank Leverage Ratio (“CBLR”) will generally be considered well-capitalized and to have met the risk-based and leverage capital requirements of the capital regulations if it has a leverage ratio greater than 9.0% (8.5% for 2021). To be eligible to elect to use the CBLR, the bank or institution also must have total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion, off-balance sheet exposures of 25% or less of its total consolidated assets, and trading assets and trading liabilities of 5.0% or less of its total consolidated assets, all as of the end of the most recent quarter. The Bank elected to use the CBLR effective January 1, 2020.

The Bank was considered well-capitalized under applicable federal regulatory capital guidelines with a CBLR of 16.2% at March 31, 2022 and 16.3% at December 31, 2021.

For a bank holding company with less than $3.0 billion in assets, the capital guidelines apply on a bank only basis and the Federal Reserve expects the holding company’s subsidiary banks to be well capitalized under the prompt corrective action regulations. If Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc. was subject to regulatory guidelines for bank holding companies with $3.0 billion or more in assets, at March 31, 2022, Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc. would have exceeded all regulatory capital requirements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the normal course of operations, the Company engages in a variety of financial transactions that, in accordance with GAAP, are not recorded on the Company’s financial statements. These transactions involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit, interest rate and liquidity risk. Such transactions are primarily used to manage customers’ requests for funding and take the form of loan commitments and letters of credit.

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company did not engage in any off-balance sheet transactions reasonably likely to have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

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Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

For information regarding the Company’s market risk, see “Risk Factors” in the Company’s 2021 Form 10-K. Please refer to Item 1A “Risk Factors” of Part II in this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and the effect to the Company’s market risk through March 31, 2022.

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures

(a)    Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An evaluation of the disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) was carried out as of March 31, 2022 under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) and several other members of the Company’s senior management. In designing and evaluating the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

The Company’s CEO and CFO concluded that based on their evaluation at March 31, 2022, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that information we are required to disclose in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (2) accumulated and communicated to Company management, including its CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

(b)    Changes in Internal Control

There were no significant changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2022, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting. The Company does not expect that its disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting will prevent all error and all fraud. A control procedure, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute assurance that the objectives of the control procedure are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control procedures, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls may be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by override of the control. The design of any control procedure is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control procedure, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

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MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC.

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.      Legal Proceedings

Periodically, there have been various claims and lawsuits involving the Company, mainly as a plaintiff, such as claims to enforce liens, condemnation proceedings on properties in which the Company holds security interests, claims involving the making and servicing of real property loans and other issues incident to the Company’s business. The Company is not a party to any pending legal proceedings that management believes would have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or operations.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in our 2021 Form 10-K, under the section titled “Risk Factors”, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. There have been no material changes to the risk factors described in the Company’s 2021 Form 10-K, however these are not the only risks that we fact. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

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MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC.

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 2.      Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a)              Not applicable

(b)              Not applicable

(c)              The following table summarizes common stock repurchases during the three months ended March 31, 2022:

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

				(c) Total Number	(d) Maximum
				of Shares	Number of
				Purchased	Shares That
				as Part of	May Yet Be
	(a) Total Amount	(b) Average		Publicly	Purchased
	of Shares	Price Paid		Approved Plans	Under The Plans
	Purchased	Per Share		or Programs	or Programs
January 1, 2022 through January 31, 2022	12,134	$	14.91	12,134	173,449
February 1, 2022 through February 28, 2022	1,756	$	15.04	1,756	171,693
March 1, 2022 through March 31, 2022	2,227	$	14.92	2,227	169,466
Total	16,117	$	14.93	16,117

On August 31, 2020, the Company announced a stock repurchase program under which the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 162,000 shares of its common stock, or approximately 5% of the outstanding shares at that time. On November 17, 2021, the Company announced that its board of directors authorized an expansion of the repurchase program, permitting the Company to purchase an additional 150,000 shares of its common stock. The repurchase program will remain effective until the total number of shares authorized is repurchased. However, the program may be suspended, terminated or modified at any time for any reason, including market conditions, the cost of repurchasing shares, the availability of alternative investment opportunities, liquidity, and other factors we may deem appropriate. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to purchase any particular number of shares.

Item 3.      Defaults upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4.      Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.      Other Information

None.

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MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC.

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 6.      Exhibits

3.1	Articles of Incorporation of Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc. (1)
3.2	Bylaws of Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc., as Amended (2)
4.1	Form of Common Stock Certificate of Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc. (1)
31.1	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer
31.2	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer
32.1	Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
101	The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022, formatted in iXBRL (Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
104	The cover page from the Company’s Form 10-Q Report for the period ended March 31, 2022, formatted in iXBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.

(1) Filed as exhibits to Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (333-223875).

(2) Filed as an exhibit to Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc.’s Form 8-K on January 22, 2021 (File No. 001-38491).

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	MID-SOUTHERN BANCORP, INC.
	(Registrant)
Dated May 13, 2022	BY:	/s/ Alexander G. Babey
		Alexander G. Babey
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)
Dated May 13, 2022	BY:	/s/ Robert W. DeRossett
		Robert W. DeRossett
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Alexander G. Babey, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 13, 2022	/s/ Alexander G. Babey
	Alexander G. Babey
	President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Robert W. DeRossett, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 13, 2022	/s/ Robert W. DeRossett
	Robert W. DeRossett
	Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Report"), each of the undersigned hereby certifies in his or her capacity as an officer of the Company pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of and for the period covered by the Report.

DATE: May 13, 2022	BY:	/s/ Alexander G. Babey
		Alexander G. Babey
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)
DATE: May 13, 2022	BY:	/s/ Robert W. DeRossett
		Robert W. DeRossett
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	May 06, 2022
Document and Entity Information
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2022
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-38491
Entity Registrant Name	Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	IN
Entity Tax Identification Number	82-4821705
Entity Address, Address Line One	300 North Water Street
Entity Address, City or Town	Salem
Entity Address, State or Province	IN
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	47167
City Area Code	812
Local Phone Number	883-2639
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $.01 per share
Trading Symbol	MSVB
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		2,878,169
Entity Central Index Key	0001734875
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false

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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks	$ 1,595	$ 1,378
Interest-bearing deposits with banks	5,146	15,001
Cash and cash equivalents	6,741	16,379
Securities available for sale, at fair value	117,411	107,293
Securities held to maturity	20	21
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $1,522 and $1,523, respectively	127,306	122,568
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost	721	778
Real estate held for sale	99	99
Premises and equipment	1,958	1,952
Accrued interest receivable:
Loans	328	296
Securities	611	701
Cash value of life insurance	3,946	3,930
Other assets	2,353	243
Total Assets	261,494	254,260
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	31,159	28,602
Interest-bearing	178,499	168,282
Total deposits	209,658	196,884
Advance from Federal Home Loan Bank	10,000	10,000
Accrued interest payable	11	11
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	875	836
Total Liabilities	220,544	207,731
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, $0.01 par value, no shares issued and outstanding
Common stock, 30,000,000 shares authorized, $0.01 par value, 3,565,430 shares issued and 3,008,255 shares outstanding (3,016,653 in 2021)	36	36
Additional paid-in-capital	30,712	30,694
Retained earnings, substantially restricted	23,881	23,527
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(3,792)	2,096
Unearned ESOP shares	(1,623)	(1,649)
Unearned stock compensation plan	(430)	(473)
Treasury stock, at cost - 557,175 shares (548,777 in 2021)	(7,834)	(7,702)
Total Stockholders' Equity	40,950	46,529
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$ 261,494	$ 254,260

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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Allowance for loan losses	$ 1,522	$ 1,523
Preferred stock, shares authorized	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, shares authorized	30,000,000	30,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares issued	3,565,430	3,565,430
Common stock, shares outstanding	3,008,255	3,016,653
Treasury stock, shares	557,175	548,777

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
INTEREST INCOME
Loans, including fees	$ 1,315	$ 1,291
Investment securities:
Mortgage-backed securities	104	141
Municipal tax exempt	381	365
Other debt securities	75	63
Federal Home Loan Bank dividends	4	4
Interest-bearing deposits with banks and time deposits	4	1
Total interest income	1,883	1,865
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits	107	127
Borrowings	43	43
Total interest expense	150	170
Net interest income	1,733	1,695
Net interest income after provision for loan losses	1,733	1,695
NONINTEREST INCOME
Fees and commission	261	252
Brokered loan fees	43	68
Increase in cash value of life insurance	14	16
Other income	11	11
Total noninterest income	285	274
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Compensation and benefits	833	897
Occupancy and equipment	138	129
Data processing	118	95
Professional fees	144	155
Directors' compensation	81	100
Stockholders' meeting expense	18	18
Supervisory examinations	18	17
Deposit insurance premiums	16	15
Other expenses	151	148
Total noninterest expense	1,517	1,574
Income before income taxes	501	395
Income tax expense	34	17
Net Income	$ 467	$ 378
Earnings per common share:
Basic	$ 0.17	$ 0.13
Diluted	$ 0.17	$ 0.13
Deposit account service charges
NONINTEREST INCOME
Fees and commission	$ 81	$ 50
ATM and debit card fee income
NONINTEREST INCOME
Fees and commission	$ 136	$ 129

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Net Income	$ 467	$ 378
Unrealized losses on securities available for sale:
Net unrealized holding losses arising during the period	(7,837)	(2,004)
Income tax benefit	1,949	499
Net of tax amount	(5,888)	(1,505)
Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax	(5,888)	(1,505)
Total Comprehensive Loss	$ (5,421)	$ (1,127)

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Unearned ESOP Shares	Unearned Stock Compensation	Treasury Stock	Total
Balances at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 36	$ 30,559	$ 22,299	$ 3,213	$ (1,769)	$ (422)	$ (4,912)	$ 49,004
Net income			378					378
Other comprehensive loss				(1,505)				(1,505)
Cash dividends			(91)					(91)
ESOP shares committed to be released		15			26			41
Purchase of treasury shares							(5)	(5)
Stock compensation expense		13				45		58
Balances at Mar. 31, 2021	36	30,587	22,586	1,708	(1,743)	(377)	(4,917)	47,880
Balances at Dec. 31, 2021	36	30,694	23,527	2,096	(1,649)	(473)	(7,702)	46,529
Net income			467					467
Other comprehensive loss				(5,888)				(5,888)
Cash dividends			(113)					(113)
ESOP shares committed to be released		13			26			39
Purchase of treasury shares							(241)	(241)
Forfeiture of unearned stock awards						2	(2)
Exercise of stock options		(8)					111	103
Stock compensation expense		13				41		54
Balances at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 36	$ 30,712	$ 23,881	$ (3,792)	$ (1,623)	$ (430)	$ (7,834)	$ 40,950

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Cash dividend, per share amount	$ 0.04	$ 0.03
Treasury stock, shares, acquired	16,117	327

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$ 467	$ 378
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on securities, net	123	85
Stock compensation expense	54	58
Depreciation expense	45	40
ESOP compensation expense	39	41
Deferred income taxes	(32)	(3)
Increase in cash value of life insurance	(14)	(16)
Decrease in accrued interest receivable	58	18
Net change in other assets and liabilities	(101)	13
Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities	639	614
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of securities available for sale	(23,119)	(1,090)
Principal collected on mortgage-backed securities available for sale	2,932	2,370
Proceeds from maturities of securities available for sale	2,109
Principal collected on mortgage-backed securities held to maturity	1	3
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank Stock	57
Net (increase) decrease in loans receivable	(4,738)	1,279
Purchase of premises and equipment	(40)	(91)
Investment in cash value of life insurance	(2)	(1)
Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities	(22,800)	2,470
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase in deposits	12,774	12,136
Repayment of advances from Federal Home Loan Bank		(1,000)
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options	103
Purchase of treasury stock	(241)	(5)
Cash dividends paid	(113)	(91)
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities	12,523	11,040
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents	(9,638)	14,124
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	16,379	9,661
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period	6,741	23,785
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
Interest	$ 150	$ 170

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Presentation of Interim Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Presentation of Interim Information

Presentation of Interim Information

1.           Presentation of Interim Information

Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc., (the "Company") was incorporated in January 2018 and became the holding company for Mid-Southern Savings Bank, FSB (the "Bank"), on July 11, 2018, upon the completion of the Bank’s conversion from the mutual holding company ownership structure and the Company’s related public stock offering. Please see Note 2 – Conversion and Stock Issuance for more information.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") for complete financial statements. These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 25, 2022 ("2021 Form 10-K").

In the opinion of management, the unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. All of these adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Such adjustments are the only adjustments included in the unaudited consolidated financial statements. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other period.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiary. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. The reclassifications had no effect on net income or stockholders’ equity. In preparing the unaudited consolidated financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of foreclosed real estate and the underlying collateral of impaired loans, deferred tax assets, and the fair value of financial instruments.

On April 5, 2012, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act ("JOBS Act") was signed into law. The JOBS Act contains provisions that, among other things, reduce certain reporting requirements for qualifying public companies. As an "emerging growth company" we may delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. We intend to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Accordingly, our condensed consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

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Conversion and Stock Issuance

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Conversion and Stock Issuance

Conversion and Stock Issuance

2.           Conversion and Stock Issuance

The Company, an Indiana corporation, was organized by Mid-Southern, M.H.C. (the “MHC") and the Bank in connection with the MHC’s plan of conversion from mutual to stock form of ownership (the "Conversion"). Upon consummation of the Conversion, which occurred on July 11, 2018, the Company became the holding company for the Bank and now owns all of the issued and outstanding shares of the Bank’s common stock.

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Investment Securities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Investment Securities

Investment Securities

3.           Investment Securities

Investment securities have been classified in the consolidated balance sheets according to management’s intent. Debt securities held by the Company include U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government agency obligations, mortgage-backed securities and other debt securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), a U.S. government agency, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA") and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"), which are government-sponsored enterprises. Mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") represent participating interests in pools of long-term first mortgage loans originated and serviced by the issuers

of the securities. Collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMO") are complex mortgage-backed securities that restructure the cash flows and risks of the underlying mortgage collateral. The Company also holds debt securities issued by municipalities and political subdivisions of state and local governments.

Investment securities at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are summarized as follows:

			Gross		Gross
(In thousands)	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair
March 31, 2022	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
Securities available for sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	14,430	$	—	$	817	$	13,613
Agency CMO		24,435		35		1,162		23,308
		38,865		35		1,979		36,921
Other debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities		9,832		—		109		9,723
U.S. Government agency obligations		2,001		—		7		1,994
Municipal obligations		71,760		653		3,640		68,773
Total securities available for sale	$	122,458	$	688	$	5,735	$	117,411
Securities held to maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	20	$	—	$	—	$	20
Total securities held to maturity	$	20	$	—	$	—	$	20
December 31, 2021
Securities available for sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	11,941	$	47	$	135	$	11,853
Agency CMO		24,196		47		465		23,778
		36,137		94		600		35,631
Other debt securities:
Municipal obligations		68,366		3,318		22		71,662
Total securities available for sale	$	104,503	$	3,412	$	622	$	107,293
Securities held to maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	21
Total securities held to maturity	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	21

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities as of March 31, 2022, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities of MBS and CMO may differ from contractual maturities because the mortgages underlying the obligations may be prepaid without penalty.

	Available for Sale				Held to Maturity
	Amortized		Fair		Amortized		Fair
(In thousands)	Cost		Value		Cost		Value
Due in one year or less	$	1,145	$	1,155	$	—	$	—
Due after one year through five years		14,319		14,177		—		—
Due after five years through ten years		6,851		6,935		—		—
Due after ten years		61,278		58,223		—		—
		83,593		80,490		—		—
MBS and CMO		38,865		36,921		20		20
	$	122,458	$	117,411	$	20	$	20

Information pertaining to investment securities available for sale with gross unrealized losses at March 31, 2022, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual investment securities have been in a continuous position, follows.

	Number of			Gross
(Dollars in thousands)	Investment	Fair		Unrealized
March 31, 2022	Positions	Value		Losses
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months:
US Treasury	6	$	9,723	$	109
Agency MBS	11		10,518		511
Agency CMO	7		7,723		208
Federal agency obligations	1		1,994		7
Municipal obligations	73		45,598		3,640
Total less than 12 months	98		75,556		4,475
Continuous loss position more than 12 months:
Agency MBS	2		3,096		306
Agency CMO	8		11,301		954
Total more than 12 months	10		14,397		1,260
Total securities available for sale	108	$	89,953	$	5,735

Information pertaining to investment securities available for sale with gross unrealized losses at December 31, 2021, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual investment securities have been in a continuous loss position, follows.

	Number of			Gross
(Dollars in thousands)	Investment	Fair		Unrealized
December 31, 2021	Positions	Value		Losses
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months:
Agency MBS	4	$	7,964	$	113
Agency CMO	4		4,792		46
Municipal obligations	3		2,452		22
Total less than 12 months	11		15,208		181
Continuous loss position more than 12 months:
Agency MBS	1		879		22
Agency CMO	8		12,553		419
Total more than 12 months	9		13,432		441
Total securities available for sale	20	$	28,640	$	622

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least quarterly, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.

At March 31, 2022, the Company had no debt securities in the held to maturity classification in a loss position. At March 31, 2022, the debt securities available for sale in a loss position were 76.6% of the Company’s total available for sale securities portfolio. All of the debt securities in a loss position at March 31, 2022 were backed by residential first mortgage loans or were obligations issued by federal or local government-sponsored enterprises. These unrealized losses relate principally to current interest rates for similar types of securities. In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition for purposes of evaluating whether declines in value are other-than-temporary, management considers whether the securities are issued by the federal government, its agencies or sponsored enterprises or local governments, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and the results of reviews of the issuer’s financial condition. As the Company has the ability to hold the debt securities until maturity, or for the foreseeable future if classified as available for sale, no declines are deemed to be other-than-temporary.

There were no securities sales during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

4.           Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

The Company’s loan and allowance for loan loss policies are as follows:

Loans Held for Investment. Loans are stated at unpaid principal balances, less net deferred loan fees and the allowance for loan losses. The Company grants real estate mortgages, commercial business and consumer loans. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by mortgage loans to customers in southern Indiana. The ability of the Company’s customers to honor their contracts is dependent upon the real estate and general economic conditions in this area.

Loan origination and commitment fees, as well as certain direct costs of underwriting and closing loans, are deferred and amortized as a yield adjustment to interest income over the lives of the related loans using the interest method. Amortization of net deferred loan fees is discontinued when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status.

Nonaccrual Loans. The recognition of income on a loan is discontinued and previously accrued interest is reversed when interest or principal payments become 90 days past due unless, in the opinion of management, the outstanding interest remains collectible. Past due status is determined based on contractual terms. Generally, by applying the cash receipts method, interest income is subsequently recognized only as received until the loan is returned to accrual status. The cash receipts method is used when the likelihood of further loss on the loan is remote. Otherwise, the Company applies the cost recovery method and applies all payments as a reduction of the unpaid principal balance until the loan qualifies for return to accrual status. Interest income on impaired loans is recognized using the cost recovery method, unless the likelihood of further loss on the loan is remote.

A loan is restored to accrual status when all principal and interest payments are brought current and the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments of principal and interest as scheduled, which generally requires that the borrower demonstrate a period of performance of at least six consecutive months.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Additions to the allowance for loan losses are made by the provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.

The Company uses a disciplined process and methodology to evaluate the allowance for loan losses on at least a quarterly basis that is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectability of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually evaluated for impairment or loans otherwise classified as doubtful or substandard. For such loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows or collateral value of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan.

The general component covers non-classified loans and classified loans that are found, upon individual evaluation, to not be impaired. Such loans are pooled by portfolio segment and losses are modeled using annualized historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. The historical loss experience is determined by portfolio segment and is based on the Company’s actual loss history over the most recent twenty calendar quarters unless the historical loss experience is not considered indicative of the level of risk in the remaining balance of a particular portfolio segment, in which case an adjustment is determined by management. The Company’s historical loss experience is then adjusted for qualitative factors that are reviewed on a quarterly basis.

Management’s determination of the allowance for loan losses considers changes and trends in the following qualitative loss factors:  lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge-off and recovery practices and management experience, national and local economic conditions, new loan trends, past due and nonaccrual loans, loan reviews, collateral values, credit concentrations and other internal and external factors such as competition, legal and regulatory changes. Each loan pool’s historical loss rate is adjusted based on positive or negative changes in the qualitative loss factor. This adjustment is what determines the adjusted loss rate used in management’s allowance for loan loss adequacy calculation.

Management exercises significant judgment in evaluating the relevant historical loss experience and the qualitative factors. Management also monitors the differences between estimated and actual incurred loan losses for loans considered impaired in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the estimation process and make any changes in the methodology as necessary.

The following portfolio segments are considered in the allowance for loan loss analysis:  one-to-four family residential real estate, multi-family residential real estate, residential construction, commercial construction,

commercial real estate non owner occupied, commercial real estate owner occupied, farmland, junior liens, home equity lines of credit, commercial business, and consumer loans.

Residential real estate loans primarily consist of loans to individuals for the purchase or refinance of their primary residence, with a smaller portion of the segment secured by non-owner-occupied residential investment properties and multi-family residential investment properties. Also, included within the residential real estate loan portfolio are home equity loans and junior lien loans, which are secured by liens on the borrower’s personal residence. The risks associated with residential real estate loans are closely correlated to the local housing market and general economic conditions, as repayment of the loans is primarily dependent on the borrower’s or tenant’s personal cash flow and employment status.

The Company’s construction loan portfolio consists of single-family residential properties, multi-family properties and commercial projects, and includes both owner-occupied and speculative investment properties. Risks inherent in construction lending are related to the market value of the property held as collateral, the cost and timing of constructing or improving a property, the borrower’s ability to use funds generated by a project to service a loan until a project is completed, movements in interest rates and the real estate market during the construction phase, and the ability of the borrower to obtain permanent financing.

Commercial real estate loans are comprised of loans secured by various types of collateral including office buildings, warehouses, retail space and mixed-use buildings located in the Company’s primary lending area. Risks related to commercial real estate lending are related to the market value of the property taken as collateral, the underlying cash flows and general economic condition of the local real estate market. Repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the ability of the borrower to attract tenants at lease rates or general business operating cash flows that provide for adequate debt service and can be impacted by local economic conditions which impact vacancy rates and the general level of business activity. The Company generally obtains loan guarantees from financially capable parties for commercial real estate loans.

Commercial business loans include lines of credit to businesses, term loans and letters of credit secured by business assets such as equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, or other assets excluding real estate and are generally made to finance capital expenditures or fund operations. Commercial loans contain risks related to the value of the collateral securing the loan and the repayment is primarily dependent upon the financial success and viability of the borrower. As with commercial real estate loans, the Company generally obtains loan guarantees from financially capable parties for commercial business loans.

Consumer loans consist primarily of home improvement loans, automobile and truck loans, boat loans, mobile home loans, loans secured by savings deposits, and other personal loans. The risks associated with these loans are related to the local housing market and local economic conditions including the unemployment level.

Loan Charge-Offs. For portfolio segments other than consumer loans, the Company’s practice is to charge-off any loan or portion of a loan when the loan is determined by management to be uncollectible due to the borrower’s failure to meet repayment terms, the borrower’s deteriorating or deteriorated financial condition, the depreciation of the underlying collateral, the loan’s classification as a loss by regulatory examiners, or for other reasons. A partial charge-off is recorded on a loan when the collectability of a portion of the loan has been confirmed, such as when a loan is discharged in bankruptcy, the collateral is liquidated, a loan is restructured at a reduced principal balance, or other identifiable events that lead management to determine the full principal balance of the loan will not be repaid. A specific reserve is recognized as a component of the allowance for estimated losses on loans individually evaluated for impairment. Partial charge-offs on nonperforming and impaired loans are included in the Company’s historical loss experience used to estimate the general component of the allowance for loan losses as discussed above. Specific reserves are not considered charge-offs in management’s evaluation of the general component of the allowance for loan losses because they are estimates and the outcome of the loan relationship is undetermined.

Consumer loans not secured by real estate are typically charged off at 90 days past due, or earlier if deemed uncollectible, unless the loans are in the process of collection. Overdrafts are charged off after 60 days past due.

A charge-off is typically recorded on a loan secured by real estate when the property is foreclosed upon when the carrying value of the loan exceeds the property’s fair value less the estimated costs to sell.

Impaired Loans. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.

Values for collateral dependent loans are generally based on appraisals obtained from independent licensed real estate appraisers, with adjustments applied for estimated costs to sell the property, costs to complete unfinished or repair damaged property and other factors. New appraisals or valuations are generally obtained for all significant properties (if the value is estimated to exceed $100,000) when a loan is identified as impaired. Subsequent appraisals are obtained or an internal evaluation is prepared annually, or more frequently if management believes there has been a significant change in the market value of a collateral property securing a collateral dependent impaired loan. In instances where it is not deemed necessary to obtain a new appraisal, management bases its impairment evaluation on the original appraisal with adjustments for current conditions based on management’s assessment of market factors and inspection of the property.

At March 31, 2022, there were two loans totaling $20,000 that are secured by residential real estate property for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process. The recorded investment in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property in the process of foreclosure was $19,000 at December 31, 2021.

Loans at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consisted of the following:

	March 31,		December 31,
(In thousands)	2022		2021
Real estate mortgage loans:
One-to-four family residential	$	65,709	$	64,098
Multi-family residential		9,018		9,385
Residential construction		1,087		1,406
Commercial real estate		40,905		36,678
Commercial real estate construction		1,518		1,632
Commercial business loans		8,649		8,804
Consumer loans		2,025		2,152
Total loans		128,911		124,155
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net		(83)		(64)
Allowance for loan losses		(1,522)		(1,523)
Loans, net	$	127,306	$	122,568

The following table provides the components of the Company’s recorded investment in loans at March 31, 2022:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	$	65,709	$	9,018	$	2,605	$	40,905	$	8,649	$	2,025	$	128,911
Accrued interest receivable		177		16		7		98		24		6		328
Net deferred loan fees/costs		10		(24)		(9)		(78)		(24)		42		(83)
Recorded investment in loans	$	65,896	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,925	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	129,156
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	883	$	—	$	—	$	165	$	324	$	—	$	1,372
Collectively evaluated for impairment		65,013		9,010		2,603		40,760		8,325		2,073		127,784
Ending balance	$	65,896	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,925	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	129,156

The following table provides the components of the Company’s recorded investment in loans at December 31, 2021:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	$	64,098	$	9,385	$	3,038	$	36,678	$	8,804	$	2,152	$	124,155
Accrued interest receivable		158		11		7		76		38		6		296
Net deferred loan fees/costs		7		(24)		(13)		(52)		(27)		45		(64)
Recorded investment in loans	$	64,263	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,702	$	8,815	$	2,203	$	124,387
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	1,041	$	—	$	—	$	170	$	328	$	3	$	1,542
Collectively evaluated for impairment		63,222		9,372		3,032		36,532		8,487		2,200		122,845
Ending balance	$	64,263	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,702	$	8,815	$	2,203	$	124,387

An analysis of the allowance for loan losses as of March 31, 2022 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	26	$	—	$	48
Collectively evaluated for impairment		761		94		20		474		94		31		1,474
Ending balance	$	782	$	94	$	20	$	475	$	120	$	31	$	1,522

An analysis of the allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2021 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	19	$	—	$	40
Collectively evaluated for impairment		852		102		25		363		108		33		1,483
Ending balance	$	873	$	102	$	25	$	363	$	127	$	33	$	1,523

An analysis of the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	873	$	102	$	25	$	363	$	127	$	33	$	1,523
Provisions		(93)		(8)		(5)		112		(7)		1		—
Charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		(4)		(4)
Recoveries		2		—		—		—		—		1		3
Ending balance	$	782	$	94	$	20	$	475	$	120	$	31	$	1,522

An analysis of the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	992	$	98	$	55	$	306	$	113	$	25	$	1,589
Provisions		3		(14)		(17)		3		24		1		—
Charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		(4)		(4)
Recoveries		2		—		—		—		—		3		5
Ending balance	$	997	$	84	$	38	$	309	$	137	$	25	$	1,590

The following table summarizes the Company’s impaired loans as of March 31, 2022 and for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans using the cash receipts method of accounting for the three-month period ended March 31, 2022.

							Three Months Ended
	At March 31, 2022						March 31, 2022
	Unpaid						Average		Interest
	Recorded		Principal		Related		Recorded		Income
	Investment		Balance		Allowance		Investment		Recognized
	(In thousands)
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	611	$	669	$	—	$	717	$	—
Commercial real estate		98		98		—		100		1
Commercial business		—				—		—		—
Consumer		—		—		—		1		—
	$	709	$	767	$	—	$	818	$	1
Loans with an allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	272	$	279	$	21	$	245	$	3
Commercial real estate		67		71		1		68		1
Commercial business		324		324		26		326		4
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—
	$	663	$	674	$	48	$	639	$	8
Total:
One-to-four family residential	$	883	$	948	$	21	$	962	$	3
Commercial real estate		165		169		1		168		2
Commercial business		324		324		26		326		4
Consumer		—		—		—		1		—
	$	1,372	$	1,441	$	48	$	1,457	$	9

The following table summarizes the Company’s impaired loans for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021. The Company did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans using the cash receipts method of accounting for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021
	Average		Interest
	Recorded		Income
	Investment		Recognized
	(In thousands)
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	1,060	$	1
Commercial real estate		93		1
Commercial business		10		—
	$	1,163	$	2
Loans with an allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	270	$	3
Commercial real estate		183		1
Commercial business		360		5
	$	813	$	9
Total:
One-to-four family residential	$	1,330	$	4
Commercial real estate		276		2
Commercial business		370		5
	$	1,976	$	11

The following table summarizes the Company’s impaired loans as of December 31, 2021:

	At December 31, 2021
			Unpaid
	Recorded		Principal		Related
	Investment		Balance		Allowance
	(In thousands)
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	822	$	905	$	—
Commercial real estate		102		102		—
Commercial business		—		—		—
Consumer		3		3		—
	$	927	$	1,010	$	—
Loans with an allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	219	$	218	$	21
Commercial real estate		68		72		—
Commercial business		328		328		19
Consumer		—		—		—
	$	615	$	618	$	40
Total:
One-to-four family residential	$	1,041	$	1,123	$	21
Commercial real estate		170		174		—
Commercial business		328		328		19
Consumer		3		3		—
	$	1,542	$	1,628	$	40

Nonperforming loans consists of nonaccrual loans and loans over 90 days past due and still accruing interest. The following table presents the recorded investment in nonperforming loans at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

	At March 31, 2022						At December 31, 2021
			Loans 90+						Loans 90+
			Days		Total				Days		Total
	Nonaccrual		Past Due		Nonperforming		Nonaccrual		Past Due		Nonperforming
	Loans		Still Accruing		Loans		Loans		Still Accruing		Loans
	(In thousands)
One-to-four family residential	$	579	$	—	$	579	$	735	$	—	$	735
Commercial real estate		15		—		15		15		—		15
Consumer		—		—		—		3		—		3
Total	$	594	$	—	$	594	$	753	$	—	$	753

The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in loans at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

					Over
	30‑59 Days		60‑89 Days		90 Days		Total				Total
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Current		Loans
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
One-to-four family residential	$	937	$	—	$	83	$	1,020	$	64,876	$	65,896
Multi-family residential		—		—		—		—		9,010		9,010
Construction		—		—		—		—		2,603		2,603
Commercial real estate		6		—		—		6		40,919		40,925
Commercial business		—		—		—		—		8,649		8,649
Consumer		16		—		—		16		2,057		2,073
Total	$	959	$	—	$	83	$	1,042	$	128,114	$	129,156

December 31, 2021
One-to-four family residential	$	545	$	248	$	57	$	850	$	63,413	$	64,263
Multi-family residential		—		—		—		—		9,372		9,372
Construction		—		—		—		—		3,032		3,032
Commercial real estate		451		—		—		451		36,251		36,702
Commercial business		—		—		—		—		8,815		8,815
Consumer		—		—		3		3		2,200		2,203
Total	$	996	$	248	$	60	$	1,304	$	123,083	$	124,387

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as:  current financial information, public information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company classifies loans based on credit risk at least quarterly. The Company uses the following regulatory definitions for risk ratings:

Special Mention:  Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date.

Substandard:  Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful:  Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loss:  Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance on the institution’s books as an asset is not warranted.

Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be pass rated loans.

The following table presents the recorded investment in loans by risk category as of the dates indicated:

	One-to-		Multi-
	Four Family		Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
Pass	$	65,302	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,816	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	128,453
Special mention		—		—		—		88		—		—		88
Substandard		594		—		—		21		—		—		615
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	65,896	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,925	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	129,156
December 31, 2021
Pass	$	63,399	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,593	$	8,815	$	2,200	$	123,411
Special mention		—		—		—		87		—		—		87
Substandard		864		—		—		22		—		3		889
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	64,263	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,702	$	8,815	$	2,203	$	124,387

Modification of a loan is considered to be a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") if the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties and the Company grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider. By granting the concession, the Company expects to obtain more cash or other value from the debtor, or to increase the probability of receipt, than would be expected by not granting the concession. The concession may include, but is not limited to, reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, reduction of accrued interest, extension of the maturity date or reduction of the face amount of the debt. A concession will be granted when, as a result of the restructuring, the Company does not expect to collect all amounts due, including interest at the original stated rate. A concession may also be granted if the debtor is not able to access funds elsewhere at a market rate for debt with similar risk characteristics as the restructured debt. The Company’s determination of whether a loan modification is a TDR considers the individual facts and circumstances surrounding each modification.

A TDR can involve loans remaining on nonaccrual, moving to nonaccrual, or continuing on accrual status, depending on the individual facts and circumstances of the restructuring. A TDR on nonaccrual status is restored to accrual status when the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments in accordance with the restructured terms, including consistent and timely payments for at least six consecutive months in accordance with the restructured terms.

The following table summarizes the Company’s TDRs by accrual status as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

	March 31, 2022								December 31, 2021
							Related								Related
							Allowance for								Allowance for
	Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total		Loan Losses		Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total		Loan Losses
	(In thousands)
One-to-four family residential	$	304	$	97	$	401	$	21	$	306	$	101	$	407	$	21
Commercial real estate		150		—		150		1		155		—		155		—
Commercial business		324		—		324		26		328		—		328		19
Total	$	778	$	97	$	875	$	48	$	789	$	101	$	890	$	40

At both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 there were no commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose loan terms have been modified in a TDR (both accruing and nonaccruing).

There were no TDRs that were restructured during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

There were no principal charge-offs recorded as a result of TDRs and there was no specific allowance for loan losses related to TDRs modified during both the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

There were no TDRs modified within the previous 12 months for which there was a subsequent payment default (defined as the loan becoming more than 90 days past due, being moved to nonaccrual status, or the collateral being foreclosed upon) during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. In the event that a TDR subsequently defaults, the Company evaluates the restructuring for possible impairment. As a result, the related allowance for loan losses may be increased or charge-offs may be taken to reduce the carrying amount of the loan.

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Supplemental Disclosure for Earnings Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Supplemental Disclosure for Earnings Per Share

Supplemental Disclosure for Earnings Per Share

5.           Supplemental Disclosure for Earnings Per Share

Nonvested restricted stock shares and unallocated ESOP shares are not considered as outstanding for purposes of computing weighted average common shares outstanding. No stock options for common stock and no restricted stock awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share because their effect was antidilutive for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Basic
Earnings:
Net income	$	467	$	378
Shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		2,811,781		2,965,780
Net income per common share, basic	$	0.17	$	0.13
Diluted
Earnings:
Net income	$	467	$	378
Shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		2,811,781		2,965,780
Add: Dilutive effect of stock options		2,519		4,262
Add: Dilutive effect of restricted stock		2,167		4,375
Weighted average common shares outstanding, as adjusted		2,816,467		2,974,417
Net income per common share, diluted	$	0.17	$	0.13

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Employee Stock Ownership Plan

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

6.           Employee Stock Ownership Plan

In connection with the Conversion, the Bank established a leveraged ESOP for eligible employees of the Company and the Bank. The ESOP trust purchased 204,789 shares of Company common stock at the initial public

offering price of $10.00 per share financed by a 20-year term loan with the Company. The loan is secured by shares purchased with the loan proceeds and will be repaid by the ESOP with funds from the Company’s discretionary contributions to the ESOP and earnings on ESOP assets. The employer loan and the related interest income are not recognized in the consolidated financial statements as the debt is serviced by employer contributions. Dividends payable on allocated shares are charged to retained earnings and are satisfied by the allocation of cash dividends to participant accounts. Dividends payable on unallocated shares are not considered dividends for financial reporting purposes. Shares held by the ESOP trust are held in a suspense account and allocated to participant accounts as principal and interest payments are made by the ESOP to the Company. Payments of principal and interest are due annually on December 31^st, the Company’s fiscal year end.

As shares are committed to be released for allocation to participant accounts from collateral, the Company reports compensation expense equal to the average fair value of shares committed to be released during the year with a corresponding credit to stockholders’ equity and the shares become outstanding for earnings per share computations. The compensation expense is accrued throughout the year.

Compensation expense recognized for the three-month period ended March 31, 2022 was $39,000. Compensation expense recognized for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021 was $41,000. The ESOP trust held 39,847 allocated shares and 164,942 unallocated shares of Company common stock at March 31, 2022. The fair value of the unallocated shares was $2.4 million at March 31, 2022.

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Stock-based Compensation Plans

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Stock-based Compensation Plans

Stock-based Compensation Plans

7.            Stock-based Compensation Plans

The Company’s stock-based compensation plans are described below.

2010 Equity Incentive Plan

The Bank had an equity incentive plan (the “2010 Plan”) adopted on July 27, 2010 which was assumed by the Company in connection with the Conversion. Under the 2010 Plan, 127,849 shares of common stock, as adjusted for the Conversion exchange ratio, were approved for awards of stock options and restricted stock. As of March 31, 2022, on an adjusted basis, awards for stock options totaling 88,164 shares and awards for restricted stock totaling 34,250 shares of Company common stock have been granted, net of any forfeitures, to participants in the 2010 Plan. The 2010 Plan expired July 27, 2020.

The vesting dates for stock option awards are determined by the Compensation Committee appointed by the board of directors. All unvested options become exercisable upon an option holder’s death or disability and in the event of a change in control. Option prices may not be less than the fair market value of the underlying stock at the date of the grant of the award. Restricted stock awards generally vest over a period of five years. The Plan provides that unvested restricted stock awards become fully vested upon a holder’s death or disability and in the event of a change in control. Compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period with a corresponding credit to stockholders' equity.  The requisite service period for restricted shares is the vesting period.

2019 Equity Incentive Plan

In September 2019, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) which provides for the award of stock options and restricted stock. Under the 2019 Plan, the Compensation Committee may grant stock options that, upon exercise, result in the issuance of 255,987 shares of common stock and may grant 102,395 shares of restricted stock. At March 31, 2022, awards for stock options totaling 6,500 shares and awards for restricted stock totaling 33,400 shares of the Company common stock have been granted to participants in the 2019 Plan.

The fair value of stock options granted is determined at the date of grant using the binomial option pricing model. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of the Company's stock (for periods prior to the Conversion, the historical volatility of the Bank’s common stock). The expected term of options granted represents the period

of time that options are expected to be outstanding and is based on historical trends. The risk-free rate for the expected life of the options is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

A summary of option activity as of March 31, 2022, and changes during the three-month period then ended is presented below:

				Weighted
				Average
	Number	Weighted		Remaining	Aggregate
	of	Average Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Shares	Price		Term	Value
Outstanding at beginning of year	98,584	$	13.42
Granted	—		—
Exercised	(7,869)		13.11
Forfeited or expired	(5,090)		13.34
Outstanding at end of period	85,625	$	13.46	7.8	$	118,000
Vested and expected to vest	85,625	$	13.46	7.8	$	118,000
Exercisable at end of period	53,025	$	13.33	7.7	$	78,000

For both the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $13,000 in compensation expense related to the stock option plan. At March 31, 2022, there was $102,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested stock options. The compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.

A summary of the activity for the Company’s nonvested restricted shares as of March 31, 2022 and changes during the three-month period then ended is presented below:

		Weighted
	Number	Average
	of	Grant-Date
	Shares	Fair Value
Nonvested at beginning of year	32,578	$	14.53
Granted	—		—
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	(150)		14.74
Nonvested at end of period	32,428	$	14.53

For the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $41,000 and $45,000, respectively, in compensation expense related to the restricted stock plans. At March 31, 2022, unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested restricted shares was $430,000. The compensation expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average vesting period of 2.8 years.

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Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

8.           Fair Value Measurements

FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, provides the framework for measuring fair value. That framework provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB ASC Topic 820 are described as follows:

Level 1:    Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices, unadjusted, for identical assets or liabilities in active markets

Level 2:     Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted market prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or inputs that are derived principally from or can be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3:     Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

A description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth on the following page. These valuation methodologies were applied to all of the Company’s financial and nonfinancial assets carried at fair value or the lower of cost or fair value. The table below presents the balances of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. There were no assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The Company had no liabilities measured at fair value as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

	Carrying Value
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis
Securities available for sale:
Agency MBS	$	—	$	13,613	$	—	$	13,613
Agency CMO		—		23,308		—		23,308
U.S. Treasury securities		—		9,723		—		9,723
U.S. Government agency obligations		—		1,994		—		1,994
Municipal obligations		—		68,773		—		68,773
Total securities available for sale	$	—	$	117,411	$	—	$	117,411
December 31, 2021
Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis
Securities available for sale:
Agency MBS	$	—	$	11,853	$	—	$	11,853
Agency CMO		—		23,778		—		23,778
Municipal obligations		—		71,662		—		71,662
Total securities available for sale	$	—	$	107,293	$	—	$	107,293

Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based on internally developed models or obtained from third parties that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters or a matrix pricing model that employs the Bond Market Association’s standard calculations for cash flow and price/yield analysis and observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value, or the lower of cost or fair value. These adjustments may include unobservable parameters. Any such valuation adjustments have been applied consistently over time. The Company’s valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation

that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While management believes the Company’s valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

Securities Available for Sale. Securities classified as available for sale are reported at fair value on a recurring basis. These securities are classified as Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy where quoted market prices from reputable third-party brokers are available in an active market. If quoted market prices are not available, the Company obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service. These securities are reported using Level 2 inputs and the fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, U.S. government and agency yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and the security’s terms and conditions, among other factors. Changes in fair value of securities available for sale are recorded in other comprehensive income, net of income tax effect.

Impaired Loans. Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly. The fair value of impaired loans is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Impaired loans are carried at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral less estimated costs to sell if the loan is collateral dependent. At both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, all impaired loans other than performing TDRs were considered to be collateral dependent for the purpose of determining fair value. Collateral may be real estate and/or business assets, including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable. The fair value of the collateral is generally determined based on real estate appraisals or other independent evaluations by qualified professionals, adjusted for estimated costs to sell the property, costs to complete or repair the property and other factors to reflect management’s estimate of the fair value of the collateral given the current market conditions and the condition of the collateral. At both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of collateral dependent impaired loans included a discount from appraised value (including estimated costs to sell the collateral) of 10%. The Company recognized an increase in the allowance for loan losses allocated to impaired loans of $8,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company recognized a reduction in the allowance for loan losses allocated to impaired loans of $3,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

There have been no changes in the valuation techniques and related inputs used for assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. There were no transfers into or out of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

GAAP requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instruments. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not

represent the underlying value of the Company. The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:

	Carrying		Fair Value Measurements Using
	Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	6,741	$	6,741	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		117,411		—		117,411		—
Securities held to maturity		20		—		20		—
Loans, net		127,306		—		—		125,535
FHLB stock		721		N/A		N/A		N/A
Accrued interest receivable		939		—		939		—
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits		31,159		31,159		—		—
Interest-bearing deposits		178,499		—		—		177,743
Advance from FHLB		10,000		—		9,829		—
Accrued interest payable		11		—		11		—
December 31, 2021
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	16,379	$	16,379	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		107,293		—		107,293		—
Securities held to maturity		21		—		21		—
Loans, net		122,568		—		—		123,158
FHLB stock		778		N/A		N/A		N/A
Accrued interest receivable		997		—		997		—
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits		28,602		28,602		—		—
Interest-bearing deposits		168,282		—		—		168,168
Advance from FHLB		10,000		—		10,162		—
Accrued interest payable		11		—		11		—

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

9.           Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers in the scope of FASB ASC 606 is recognized within noninterest income. The following table presents the Company’s sources of noninterest income and other income within the scope of FASB ASC 606 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
	(In thousands)
Deposit account service charges	$	81	$	50
Brokered loan fees		43		68
ATM and debit card fee income		136		129
Other income		1		5
Revenue from contracts with customers		261		252
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance		14		16
Other income		10		6
Other noninterest income		24		22
Total noninterest income	$	285	$	274

A description of the Company’s revenue streams accounted for under FASB ASC 606 follows:

Deposit Account Service Charges:  The Company earns fees from its deposit customers for transaction-based, account maintenance, and overdraft services. Transaction-based fees, which include services such as stop payment charges and statement rendering, are recognized at the time the transaction is executed as that is the time the Company fulfills the customer's request. Account maintenance fees, which relate primarily to monthly maintenance, are earned over the course of a month, representing the period over which the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Overdraft fees are recognized at the point in time that the overdraft occurs.

Brokered Loan Fees:  The Company entered into a loan brokering agreements with United Wholesale Mortgage (“UWM”) and Union Home Mortgage (“UHM”). Under the agreement, the Company performs loan application and preliminary underwriting activities to determine if potential loans conform to the underwriting standards of Fannie Mae. Conforming loans are then funded by the brokers, and the Company receives a fee for services performed.

ATM and Debit Card Fee Income:  The Company earns ATM usage fees and interchange fees from debit cardholder transactions conducted through a payment network. ATM fees are recognized at the point in time the transaction occurs. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are recognized daily, concurrently with the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder.

Other Income:  Other income from contracts with customers includes safe deposit box fees, check cashing and cashier’s check fees, and wire transfer fees. This revenue is recognized at the time the transaction is executed or over the period the Company satisfies the performance obligation.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

10.         Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The following are summaries of recently issued or adopted accounting pronouncements that impact the accounting and reporting practices of the Company. The Company is an emerging growth company, and as such will be subject to the effective dates noted for private companies if they differ from the effective dates notes for public companies.

In February 2016, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The ASU requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities arising from operating leases. A lessee should recognize a liability to make lease payments and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. A lessee should include payments to be made in an optional period only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. For a finance lease, interest payments should be recognized separately from amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statement of comprehensive income. For operating leases, the lease cost should be allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis. For public entities the amendments in the ASU became effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For nonpublic entities, the original effective date of the guidance was for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-02 for nonpublic entities until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. Early application of the amendments in the ASU is permitted. In June 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-05 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-02 for nonpublic entities until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. Early application of the amendments in the ASU continues to be permitted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842), Targeted Improvements. This ASU amended the new leases standard to give entities another option for transition and to provide lessors with a practical expedient. The transition option allows entities to not apply the new leases standard in the comparative periods they present in their financial statements in the year of adoption. The practical expedient provides lessors with an option to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components when certain criteria are met and requires them to account for the combined component in accordance with the new revenue standard if the associated non-lease components are the predominant components. The amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2016-02. In March 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842), Codification Improvements. This ASU amended the new leases standard to reinstate the exception in Leases (Topic 842) for lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers in regards to determining the fair value of the underlying assets. Specifically, those lessors will use their cost, reflecting any volume or trade discounts that may apply, as the fair value of the underlying asset unless a significant lapse of time occurs between the acquisition of the underlying asset and lease commencement, in which case, those lessors will be required to apply the definition of fair value (exit price) in Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (Topic 820).

In addition, this ASU amended the new leases standard to clarify the presentation on the statement of cash flows principal payments received under leases for depository and lending institutions for Sales-Type and Direct Financing Leases. Specifically for these entities and leases, all principal payments received under leases will be presented within investing activities on the statement of cash flows. Finally, this ASU amended the new leases standard to explicitly provide an exception to paragraph 250-10-50-3 interim disclosure requirements for an entity electing the transition method of implementation. The amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2016-02. The adoption of the ASU, as amended, effective January 1, 2022 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The FASB originally issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326) as amended by ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05 and ASU 2022-02, in June 2016. This ASU, commonly referred to as the current expected credit loss methodology (“CECL”), replaces the incurred loss methodology for recognizing credit losses under current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. Under the new guidance, an entity will measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The expected loss model will apply to loans and leases, unfunded lending commitments, held-to-maturity debt securities and other debt instruments measured at amortized cost. The impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities will require the recognition of credit losses through a valuation allowance when fair value is less than amortized cost, regardless of whether the impairment is considered to be other-than-temporary. In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, which eliminates the accounting guidance for TDRs by creditors that have adopted CECL and enhances disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors to borrowers

experiencing financial difficulty. ASU 2019-05, issued in April 2019, further provides entities that have certain financial instruments measured at amortized cost that have credit losses with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option in Subtopic 825-10, upon adoption of Topic 326. The fair value option applies to available-for-sale debt securities. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and other non-SEC reporting entities to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal periods. Early adoption is permitted as of fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is a smaller reporting company as defined by the SEC, and currently does not intend to early adopt CECL. Once adopted, the Company expects its allowance for loan losses to increase through a one-time adjustment to retained earnings; however, until its evaluation is complete, the magnitude of the increase will be unknown.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in this ASU simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740, Income Taxes. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. For public entities this ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. For nonpublic entities this ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The adoption of the ASU, effective January 1, 2022, did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The Company has determined that all other recently issued accounting pronouncements will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or do not apply to its operations.

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Presentation of Interim Information (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Presentation of Interim Information

Presentation of Interim Information

Mid-Southern Bancorp, Inc., (the "Company") was incorporated in January 2018 and became the holding company for Mid-Southern Savings Bank, FSB (the "Bank"), on July 11, 2018, upon the completion of the Bank’s conversion from the mutual holding company ownership structure and the Company’s related public stock offering. Please see Note 2 – Conversion and Stock Issuance for more information.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") for complete financial statements. These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 25, 2022 ("2021 Form 10-K").

In the opinion of management, the unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. All of these adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Such adjustments are the only adjustments included in the unaudited consolidated financial statements. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other period.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiary. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. The reclassifications had no effect on net income or stockholders’ equity. In preparing the unaudited consolidated financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of foreclosed real estate and the underlying collateral of impaired loans, deferred tax assets, and the fair value of financial instruments.

On April 5, 2012, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act ("JOBS Act") was signed into law. The JOBS Act contains provisions that, among other things, reduce certain reporting requirements for qualifying public companies. As an "emerging growth company" we may delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. We intend to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Accordingly, our condensed consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The following are summaries of recently issued or adopted accounting pronouncements that impact the accounting and reporting practices of the Company. The Company is an emerging growth company, and as such will be subject to the effective dates noted for private companies if they differ from the effective dates notes for public companies.

In February 2016, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The ASU requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities arising from operating leases. A lessee should recognize a liability to make lease payments and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. A lessee should include payments to be made in an optional period only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. For a finance lease, interest payments should be recognized separately from amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statement of comprehensive income. For operating leases, the lease cost should be allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis. For public entities the amendments in the ASU became effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For nonpublic entities, the original effective date of the guidance was for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-02 for nonpublic entities until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. Early application of the amendments in the ASU is permitted. In June 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-05 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-02 for nonpublic entities until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. Early application of the amendments in the ASU continues to be permitted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842), Targeted Improvements. This ASU amended the new leases standard to give entities another option for transition and to provide lessors with a practical expedient. The transition option allows entities to not apply the new leases standard in the comparative periods they present in their financial statements in the year of adoption. The practical expedient provides lessors with an option to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components when certain criteria are met and requires them to account for the combined component in accordance with the new revenue standard if the associated non-lease components are the predominant components. The amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2016-02. In March 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842), Codification Improvements. This ASU amended the new leases standard to reinstate the exception in Leases (Topic 842) for lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers in regards to determining the fair value of the underlying assets. Specifically, those lessors will use their cost, reflecting any volume or trade discounts that may apply, as the fair value of the underlying asset unless a significant lapse of time occurs between the acquisition of the underlying asset and lease commencement, in which case, those lessors will be required to apply the definition of fair value (exit price) in Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (Topic 820).

In addition, this ASU amended the new leases standard to clarify the presentation on the statement of cash flows principal payments received under leases for depository and lending institutions for Sales-Type and Direct Financing Leases. Specifically for these entities and leases, all principal payments received under leases will be presented within investing activities on the statement of cash flows. Finally, this ASU amended the new leases standard to explicitly provide an exception to paragraph 250-10-50-3 interim disclosure requirements for an entity electing the transition method of implementation. The amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2016-02. The adoption of the ASU, as amended, effective January 1, 2022 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The FASB originally issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326) as amended by ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05 and ASU 2022-02, in June 2016. This ASU, commonly referred to as the current expected credit loss methodology (“CECL”), replaces the incurred loss methodology for recognizing credit losses under current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. Under the new guidance, an entity will measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The expected loss model will apply to loans and leases, unfunded lending commitments, held-to-maturity debt securities and other debt instruments measured at amortized cost. The impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities will require the recognition of credit losses through a valuation allowance when fair value is less than amortized cost, regardless of whether the impairment is considered to be other-than-temporary. In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, which eliminates the accounting guidance for TDRs by creditors that have adopted CECL and enhances disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors to borrowers

experiencing financial difficulty. ASU 2019-05, issued in April 2019, further provides entities that have certain financial instruments measured at amortized cost that have credit losses with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option in Subtopic 825-10, upon adoption of Topic 326. The fair value option applies to available-for-sale debt securities. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and other non-SEC reporting entities to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal periods. Early adoption is permitted as of fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is a smaller reporting company as defined by the SEC, and currently does not intend to early adopt CECL. Once adopted, the Company expects its allowance for loan losses to increase through a one-time adjustment to retained earnings; however, until its evaluation is complete, the magnitude of the increase will be unknown.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in this ASU simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740, Income Taxes. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. For public entities this ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. For nonpublic entities this ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The adoption of the ASU, effective January 1, 2022, did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The Company has determined that all other recently issued accounting pronouncements will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or do not apply to its operations.

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Investment Securities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Investment Securities

Schedule of fair values of debt securities available-for-sale or held-to-maturity

			Gross		Gross
(In thousands)	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair
March 31, 2022	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
Securities available for sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	14,430	$	—	$	817	$	13,613
Agency CMO		24,435		35		1,162		23,308
		38,865		35		1,979		36,921
Other debt securities:
U.S. Treasury securities		9,832		—		109		9,723
U.S. Government agency obligations		2,001		—		7		1,994
Municipal obligations		71,760		653		3,640		68,773
Total securities available for sale	$	122,458	$	688	$	5,735	$	117,411
Securities held to maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	20	$	—	$	—	$	20
Total securities held to maturity	$	20	$	—	$	—	$	20
December 31, 2021
Securities available for sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	11,941	$	47	$	135	$	11,853
Agency CMO		24,196		47		465		23,778
		36,137		94		600		35,631
Other debt securities:
Municipal obligations		68,366		3,318		22		71,662
Total securities available for sale	$	104,503	$	3,412	$	622	$	107,293
Securities held to maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency MBS	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	21
Total securities held to maturity	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	21

Schedule of maturities of debt securities

	Available for Sale				Held to Maturity
	Amortized		Fair		Amortized		Fair
(In thousands)	Cost		Value		Cost		Value
Due in one year or less	$	1,145	$	1,155	$	—	$	—
Due after one year through five years		14,319		14,177		—		—
Due after five years through ten years		6,851		6,935		—		—
Due after ten years		61,278		58,223		—		—
		83,593		80,490		—		—
MBS and CMO		38,865		36,921		20		20
	$	122,458	$	117,411	$	20	$	20

Schedule of fair value and related unrealized losses of temporarily impaired investment securities, aggregated by investment category

	Number of			Gross
(Dollars in thousands)	Investment	Fair		Unrealized
March 31, 2022	Positions	Value		Losses
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months:
US Treasury	6	$	9,723	$	109
Agency MBS	11		10,518		511
Agency CMO	7		7,723		208
Federal agency obligations	1		1,994		7
Municipal obligations	73		45,598		3,640
Total less than 12 months	98		75,556		4,475
Continuous loss position more than 12 months:
Agency MBS	2		3,096		306
Agency CMO	8		11,301		954
Total more than 12 months	10		14,397		1,260
Total securities available for sale	108	$	89,953	$	5,735

Information pertaining to investment securities available for sale with gross unrealized losses at December 31, 2021, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual investment securities have been in a continuous loss position, follows.

	Number of			Gross
(Dollars in thousands)	Investment	Fair		Unrealized
December 31, 2021	Positions	Value		Losses
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months:
Agency MBS	4	$	7,964	$	113
Agency CMO	4		4,792		46
Municipal obligations	3		2,452		22
Total less than 12 months	11		15,208		181
Continuous loss position more than 12 months:
Agency MBS	1		879		22
Agency CMO	8		12,553		419
Total more than 12 months	9		13,432		441
Total securities available for sale	20	$	28,640	$	622

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Schedule of loans

	March 31,		December 31,
(In thousands)	2022		2021
Real estate mortgage loans:
One-to-four family residential	$	65,709	$	64,098
Multi-family residential		9,018		9,385
Residential construction		1,087		1,406
Commercial real estate		40,905		36,678
Commercial real estate construction		1,518		1,632
Commercial business loans		8,649		8,804
Consumer loans		2,025		2,152
Total loans		128,911		124,155
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net		(83)		(64)
Allowance for loan losses		(1,522)		(1,523)
Loans, net	$	127,306	$	122,568

Schedule of components of Company's recorded investment in loans

The following table provides the components of the Company’s recorded investment in loans at March 31, 2022:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	$	65,709	$	9,018	$	2,605	$	40,905	$	8,649	$	2,025	$	128,911
Accrued interest receivable		177		16		7		98		24		6		328
Net deferred loan fees/costs		10		(24)		(9)		(78)		(24)		42		(83)
Recorded investment in loans	$	65,896	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,925	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	129,156
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	883	$	—	$	—	$	165	$	324	$	—	$	1,372
Collectively evaluated for impairment		65,013		9,010		2,603		40,760		8,325		2,073		127,784
Ending balance	$	65,896	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,925	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	129,156

The following table provides the components of the Company’s recorded investment in loans at December 31, 2021:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	$	64,098	$	9,385	$	3,038	$	36,678	$	8,804	$	2,152	$	124,155
Accrued interest receivable		158		11		7		76		38		6		296
Net deferred loan fees/costs		7		(24)		(13)		(52)		(27)		45		(64)
Recorded investment in loans	$	64,263	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,702	$	8,815	$	2,203	$	124,387
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	1,041	$	—	$	—	$	170	$	328	$	3	$	1,542
Collectively evaluated for impairment		63,222		9,372		3,032		36,532		8,487		2,200		122,845
Ending balance	$	64,263	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,702	$	8,815	$	2,203	$	124,387

Schedule of analysis of allowance for loan losses

An analysis of the allowance for loan losses as of March 31, 2022 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	26	$	—	$	48
Collectively evaluated for impairment		761		94		20		474		94		31		1,474
Ending balance	$	782	$	94	$	20	$	475	$	120	$	31	$	1,522

An analysis of the allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2021 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	21	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	19	$	—	$	40
Collectively evaluated for impairment		852		102		25		363		108		33		1,483
Ending balance	$	873	$	102	$	25	$	363	$	127	$	33	$	1,523

An analysis of the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	873	$	102	$	25	$	363	$	127	$	33	$	1,523
Provisions		(93)		(8)		(5)		112		(7)		1		—
Charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		(4)		(4)
Recoveries		2		—		—		—		—		1		3
Ending balance	$	782	$	94	$	20	$	475	$	120	$	31	$	1,522

An analysis of the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is as follows:

	One-to-Four
	Family		Multi-Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	992	$	98	$	55	$	306	$	113	$	25	$	1,589
Provisions		3		(14)		(17)		3		24		1		—
Charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		(4)		(4)
Recoveries		2		—		—		—		—		3		5
Ending balance	$	997	$	84	$	38	$	309	$	137	$	25	$	1,590

Schedule of impaired loans

The following table summarizes the Company’s impaired loans as of March 31, 2022 and for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans using the cash receipts method of accounting for the three-month period ended March 31, 2022.

							Three Months Ended
	At March 31, 2022						March 31, 2022
	Unpaid						Average		Interest
	Recorded		Principal		Related		Recorded		Income
	Investment		Balance		Allowance		Investment		Recognized
	(In thousands)
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	611	$	669	$	—	$	717	$	—
Commercial real estate		98		98		—		100		1
Commercial business		—				—		—		—
Consumer		—		—		—		1		—
	$	709	$	767	$	—	$	818	$	1
Loans with an allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	272	$	279	$	21	$	245	$	3
Commercial real estate		67		71		1		68		1
Commercial business		324		324		26		326		4
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—
	$	663	$	674	$	48	$	639	$	8
Total:
One-to-four family residential	$	883	$	948	$	21	$	962	$	3
Commercial real estate		165		169		1		168		2
Commercial business		324		324		26		326		4
Consumer		—		—		—		1		—
	$	1,372	$	1,441	$	48	$	1,457	$	9

The following table summarizes the Company’s impaired loans for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021. The Company did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans using the cash receipts method of accounting for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021
	Average		Interest
	Recorded		Income
	Investment		Recognized
	(In thousands)
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	1,060	$	1
Commercial real estate		93		1
Commercial business		10		—
	$	1,163	$	2
Loans with an allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	270	$	3
Commercial real estate		183		1
Commercial business		360		5
	$	813	$	9
Total:
One-to-four family residential	$	1,330	$	4
Commercial real estate		276		2
Commercial business		370		5
	$	1,976	$	11

The following table summarizes the Company’s impaired loans as of December 31, 2021:

	At December 31, 2021
			Unpaid
	Recorded		Principal		Related
	Investment		Balance		Allowance
	(In thousands)
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	822	$	905	$	—
Commercial real estate		102		102		—
Commercial business		—		—		—
Consumer		3		3		—
	$	927	$	1,010	$	—
Loans with an allowance recorded:
One-to-four family residential	$	219	$	218	$	21
Commercial real estate		68		72		—
Commercial business		328		328		19
Consumer		—		—		—
	$	615	$	618	$	40
Total:
One-to-four family residential	$	1,041	$	1,123	$	21
Commercial real estate		170		174		—
Commercial business		328		328		19
Consumer		3		3		—
	$	1,542	$	1,628	$	40

Schedule of recorded investment in nonperforming loans

	At March 31, 2022						At December 31, 2021
			Loans 90+						Loans 90+
			Days		Total				Days		Total
	Nonaccrual		Past Due		Nonperforming		Nonaccrual		Past Due		Nonperforming
	Loans		Still Accruing		Loans		Loans		Still Accruing		Loans
	(In thousands)
One-to-four family residential	$	579	$	—	$	579	$	735	$	—	$	735
Commercial real estate		15		—		15		15		—		15
Consumer		—		—		—		3		—		3
Total	$	594	$	—	$	594	$	753	$	—	$	753

Schedule of aging of the recorded investment in past due loans

					Over
	30‑59 Days		60‑89 Days		90 Days		Total				Total
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Current		Loans
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
One-to-four family residential	$	937	$	—	$	83	$	1,020	$	64,876	$	65,896
Multi-family residential		—		—		—		—		9,010		9,010
Construction		—		—		—		—		2,603		2,603
Commercial real estate		6		—		—		6		40,919		40,925
Commercial business		—		—		—		—		8,649		8,649
Consumer		16		—		—		16		2,057		2,073
Total	$	959	$	—	$	83	$	1,042	$	128,114	$	129,156

December 31, 2021
One-to-four family residential	$	545	$	248	$	57	$	850	$	63,413	$	64,263
Multi-family residential		—		—		—		—		9,372		9,372
Construction		—		—		—		—		3,032		3,032
Commercial real estate		451		—		—		451		36,251		36,702
Commercial business		—		—		—		—		8,815		8,815
Consumer		—		—		3		3		2,200		2,203
Total	$	996	$	248	$	60	$	1,304	$	123,083	$	124,387

Schedule of risk category of loans by recorded investment

	One-to-		Multi-
	Four Family		Family				Commercial		Commercial
	Residential		Residential		Construction		Real Estate		Business		Consumer		Total
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
Pass	$	65,302	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,816	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	128,453
Special mention		—		—		—		88		—		—		88
Substandard		594		—		—		21		—		—		615
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	65,896	$	9,010	$	2,603	$	40,925	$	8,649	$	2,073	$	129,156
December 31, 2021
Pass	$	63,399	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,593	$	8,815	$	2,200	$	123,411
Special mention		—		—		—		87		—		—		87
Substandard		864		—		—		22		—		3		889
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	64,263	$	9,372	$	3,032	$	36,702	$	8,815	$	2,203	$	124,387

Schedule of TDRs by accrual status

	March 31, 2022								December 31, 2021
							Related								Related
							Allowance for								Allowance for
	Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total		Loan Losses		Accruing		Nonaccrual		Total		Loan Losses
	(In thousands)
One-to-four family residential	$	304	$	97	$	401	$	21	$	306	$	101	$	407	$	21
Commercial real estate		150		—		150		1		155		—		155		—
Commercial business		324		—		324		26		328		—		328		19
Total	$	778	$	97	$	875	$	48	$	789	$	101	$	890	$	40

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Supplemental Disclosure for Earnings Per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Supplemental Disclosure for Earnings Per Share

Schedule of supplemental disclosure for earnings per share

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Basic
Earnings:
Net income	$	467	$	378
Shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		2,811,781		2,965,780
Net income per common share, basic	$	0.17	$	0.13
Diluted
Earnings:
Net income	$	467	$	378
Shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		2,811,781		2,965,780
Add: Dilutive effect of stock options		2,519		4,262
Add: Dilutive effect of restricted stock		2,167		4,375
Weighted average common shares outstanding, as adjusted		2,816,467		2,974,417
Net income per common share, diluted	$	0.17	$	0.13

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Stock-based Compensation Plans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Stock-based Compensation Plans

Schedule of stock option activity

				Weighted
				Average
	Number	Weighted		Remaining	Aggregate
	of	Average Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Shares	Price		Term	Value
Outstanding at beginning of year	98,584	$	13.42
Granted	—		—
Exercised	(7,869)		13.11
Forfeited or expired	(5,090)		13.34
Outstanding at end of period	85,625	$	13.46	7.8	$	118,000
Vested and expected to vest	85,625	$	13.46	7.8	$	118,000
Exercisable at end of period	53,025	$	13.33	7.7	$	78,000

Schedule of nonvested restricted shares activity

		Weighted
	Number	Average
	of	Grant-Date
	Shares	Fair Value
Nonvested at beginning of year	32,578	$	14.53
Granted	—		—
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	(150)		14.74
Nonvested at end of period	32,428	$	14.53

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Fair Value Measurements

Schedule of assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis

	Carrying Value
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis
Securities available for sale:
Agency MBS	$	—	$	13,613	$	—	$	13,613
Agency CMO		—		23,308		—		23,308
U.S. Treasury securities		—		9,723		—		9,723
U.S. Government agency obligations		—		1,994		—		1,994
Municipal obligations		—		68,773		—		68,773
Total securities available for sale	$	—	$	117,411	$	—	$	117,411
December 31, 2021
Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis
Securities available for sale:
Agency MBS	$	—	$	11,853	$	—	$	11,853
Agency CMO		—		23,778		—		23,778
Municipal obligations		—		71,662		—		71,662
Total securities available for sale	$	—	$	107,293	$	—	$	107,293

Schedule of estimated fair values of financial instruments

	Carrying		Fair Value Measurements Using
	Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2022
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	6,741	$	6,741	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		117,411		—		117,411		—
Securities held to maturity		20		—		20		—
Loans, net		127,306		—		—		125,535
FHLB stock		721		N/A		N/A		N/A
Accrued interest receivable		939		—		939		—
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits		31,159		31,159		—		—
Interest-bearing deposits		178,499		—		—		177,743
Advance from FHLB		10,000		—		9,829		—
Accrued interest payable		11		—		11		—
December 31, 2021
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	16,379	$	16,379	$	—	$	—
Securities available for sale		107,293		—		107,293		—
Securities held to maturity		21		—		21		—
Loans, net		122,568		—		—		123,158
FHLB stock		778		N/A		N/A		N/A
Accrued interest receivable		997		—		997		—
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits		28,602		28,602		—		—
Interest-bearing deposits		168,282		—		—		168,168
Advance from FHLB		10,000		—		10,162		—
Accrued interest payable		11		—		11		—

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Summary of revenue from contracts with customers

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
	(In thousands)
Deposit account service charges	$	81	$	50
Brokered loan fees		43		68
ATM and debit card fee income		136		129
Other income		1		5
Revenue from contracts with customers		261		252
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance		14		16
Other income		10		6
Other noninterest income		24		22
Total noninterest income	$	285	$	274

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Investment Securities - Available of sale (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	$ 122,458	$ 104,503
Gross Unrealized Gains	688	3,412
Gross Unrealized Losses	5,735	622
Fair Value	117,411	107,293
Agency MBS
Securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	14,430	11,941
Gross Unrealized Gains		47
Gross Unrealized Losses	817	135
Fair Value	13,613	11,853
Agency CMO
Securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	24,435	24,196
Gross Unrealized Gains	35	47
Gross Unrealized Losses	1,162	465
Fair Value	23,308	23,778
MBS and CMO
Securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	38,865	36,137
Gross Unrealized Gains	35	94
Gross Unrealized Losses	1,979	600
Fair Value	36,921	35,631
U.S. Treasury securities
Securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	9,832
Gross Unrealized Losses	109
Fair Value	9,723
U.S. Government agency obligations
Securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	2,001
Gross Unrealized Losses	7
Fair Value	1,994
Municipal obligations
Securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	71,760	68,366
Gross Unrealized Gains	653	3,318
Gross Unrealized Losses	3,640	22
Fair Value	$ 68,773	$ 71,662

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Investment Securities - Held to maturity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Securities held to maturity:
Amortized Cost	$ 20	$ 21
Fair Value	20	21
Agency MBS
Securities held to maturity:
Amortized Cost	20	21
Fair Value	$ 20	$ 21

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Investment Securities - Amortized cost and fair value of debt securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Available for Sale Amortized Cost
Due in one year or less, Amortized Cost	$ 1,145
Due after one year through five years, Amortized Cost	14,319
Due after five years through ten years, Amortized Cost	6,851
Due after ten years, Amortized Cost	61,278
Available for Sale, Amortized Cost	83,593
Amortized Cost	122,458	$ 104,503
Available for Sale Fair Value
Due in one year or less, Fair Value	1,155
Due after one year through five years, Fair Value	14,177
Due after five years through ten years, Fair Value	6,935
Due after ten years, Fair Value	58,223
Available for Sale, Fair value	80,490
Fair Value	117,411	107,293
MBS and CMO
Available for Sale Amortized Cost
Amortized Cost	38,865	36,137
Available for Sale Fair Value
Fair Value	$ 36,921	$ 35,631

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Investment Securities - Contractual maturity of held to maturity securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Held to Maturity, Amortized Cost
Amortized Cost	$ 20	$ 21
Held to Maturity, Fair Value
Fair Value	20	$ 21
MBS and CMO
Held to Maturity, Amortized Cost
Amortized Cost	20
Held to Maturity, Fair Value
Fair Value	$ 20

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Investment Securities - Investment securities available for sale with gross unrealized loss (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) position	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) position
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Number of Investment Positions | position	98	11
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Fair Value	$ 75,556	$ 15,208
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 4,475	$ 181
Continuous loss position more than 12 months: Number of Investment Positions | position	10	9
Continuous loss position more than 12 months: Fair Value	$ 14,397	$ 13,432
Continuous loss position more than 12 months: Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 1,260	$ 441
Total securities available for sale: Number of Investment Positions | position	108	20
Total securities available for sale: Fair Value	$ 89,953	$ 28,640
Total securities available for sale: Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 5,735	$ 622
U.S. Treasury securities
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Number of Investment Positions | position	6
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Fair Value	$ 9,723
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 109
Agency MBS
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Number of Investment Positions | position	11	4
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Fair Value	$ 10,518	$ 7,964
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 511	$ 113
Continuous loss position more than 12 months: Number of Investment Positions | position	2	1
Continuous loss position more than 12 months: Fair Value	$ 3,096	$ 879
Continuous loss position more than 12 months: Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 306	$ 22
Agency CMO
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Number of Investment Positions | position	7	4
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Fair Value	$ 7,723	$ 4,792
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 208	$ 46
Continuous loss position more than 12 months: Number of Investment Positions | position	8	8
Continuous loss position more than 12 months: Fair Value	$ 11,301	$ 12,553
Continuous loss position more than 12 months: Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 954	$ 419
U.S. Government agency obligations
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Number of Investment Positions | position	1
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Fair Value	$ 1,994
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 7
Municipal obligations
Securities available for sale:
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Number of Investment Positions | position	73	3
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Fair Value	$ 45,598	$ 2,452
Continuous loss position less than 12 months: Gross Unrealized Losses	$ 3,640	$ 22

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Investment Securities - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Investment Securities
Debt securities held to maturity with unrealized loss	$ 0
Debt securities available for sale in a loss position as a percentage of total available for sale securities	76.60%
Realized gross gain loss	$ 0	$ 0

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total loans	$ 128,911	$ 124,155
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net	(83)	(64)
Allowance for loan losses	(1,522)	(1,523)	$ (1,590)	$ (1,589)
Loans, net	127,306	122,568
Construction
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total loans	2,605	3,038
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net	(9)	(13)
Allowance for loan losses	(20)	(25)	(38)	(55)
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total loans	65,709	64,098
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net	10	7
Allowance for loan losses	(782)	(873)	(997)	(992)
Residential real estate | Multi-family residential
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total loans	9,018	9,385
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net	(24)	(24)
Allowance for loan losses	(94)	(102)	(84)	(98)
Residential real estate | Construction
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total loans	1,087	1,406
Commercial real estate
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total loans	40,905	36,678
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net	(78)	(52)
Allowance for loan losses	(475)	(363)	(309)	(306)
Commercial real estate | Construction
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total loans	1,518	1,632
Commercial business
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total loans	8,649	8,804
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net	(24)	(27)
Allowance for loan losses	(120)	(127)	(137)	(113)
Consumer
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total loans	2,025	2,152
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net	42	45
Allowance for loan losses	$ (31)	$ (33)	$ (25)	$ (25)

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses - Components of Company's recorded investment in loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	$ 128,911	$ 124,155
Accrued interest receivable	328	296
Net deferred loan fees/costs	(83)	(64)
Recorded investment in loans	129,156	124,387
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	1,372	1,542
Collectively evaluated for impairment	127,784	122,845
Total Loans	129,156	124,387
Construction
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	2,605	3,038
Accrued interest receivable	7	7
Net deferred loan fees/costs	(9)	(13)
Recorded investment in loans	2,603	3,032
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Collectively evaluated for impairment	2,603	3,032
Total Loans	2,603	3,032
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	65,709	64,098
Accrued interest receivable	177	158
Net deferred loan fees/costs	10	7
Recorded investment in loans	65,896	64,263
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	883	1,041
Collectively evaluated for impairment	65,013	63,222
Total Loans	65,896	64,263
Residential real estate | Multi-family residential
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	9,018	9,385
Accrued interest receivable	16	11
Net deferred loan fees/costs	(24)	(24)
Recorded investment in loans	9,010	9,372
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Collectively evaluated for impairment	9,010	9,372
Total Loans	9,010	9,372
Residential real estate | Construction
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	1,087	1,406
Commercial real estate
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	40,905	36,678
Accrued interest receivable	98	76
Net deferred loan fees/costs	(78)	(52)
Recorded investment in loans	40,925	36,702
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	165	170
Collectively evaluated for impairment	40,760	36,532
Total Loans	40,925	36,702
Commercial real estate | Construction
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	1,518	1,632
Commercial business
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	8,649	8,804
Accrued interest receivable	24	38
Net deferred loan fees/costs	(24)	(27)
Recorded investment in loans	8,649	8,815
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	324	328
Collectively evaluated for impairment	8,325	8,487
Total Loans	8,649	8,815
Consumer
Recorded Investment in Loans:
Principal loan balance	2,025	2,152
Accrued interest receivable	6	6
Net deferred loan fees/costs	42	45
Recorded investment in loans	2,073	2,203
Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment		3
Collectively evaluated for impairment	2,073	2,200
Total Loans	$ 2,073	$ 2,203

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses - Analysis of allowance for loan losses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]
Individually evaluated for impairment	$ 48	$ 40
Collectively evaluated for impairment	1,474	1,483
Ending balance	1,522	1,523	$ 1,590	$ 1,589
Construction
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]
Collectively evaluated for impairment	20	25
Ending balance	20	25	38	55
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]
Individually evaluated for impairment	21	21
Collectively evaluated for impairment	761	852
Ending balance	782	873	997	992
Residential real estate | Multi-family residential
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]
Collectively evaluated for impairment	94	102
Ending balance	94	102	84	98
Commercial real estate
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]
Individually evaluated for impairment	1
Collectively evaluated for impairment	474	363
Ending balance	475	363	309	306
Commercial business
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]
Individually evaluated for impairment	26	19
Collectively evaluated for impairment	94	108
Ending balance	120	127	137	113
Consumer
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]
Collectively evaluated for impairment	31	33
Ending balance	$ 31	$ 33	$ 25	$ 25

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses - Analysis of the changes in the allowance for loan losses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	$ 1,523	$ 1,589
Charge-offs	(4)	(4)
Recoveries	3	5
Ending balance	1,522	1,590
Construction
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	25	55
Provisions	(5)	(17)
Ending balance	20	38
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	873	992
Provisions	(93)	3
Recoveries	2	2
Ending balance	782	997
Residential real estate | Multi-family residential
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	102	98
Provisions	(8)	(14)
Ending balance	94	84
Commercial real estate
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	363	306
Provisions	112	3
Ending balance	475	309
Commercial business
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	127	113
Provisions	(7)	24
Ending balance	120	137
Consumer
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	33	25
Provisions	1	1
Charge-offs	(4)	(4)
Recoveries	1	3
Ending balance	$ 31	$ 25

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses - Impaired loans using the cash receipts method of accounting (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
Recorded Investment	$ 709		$ 927
Unpaid Principal Balance	767		1,010
Average Recorded Investment	818	$ 1,163
Interest Income Recognized	1	2
Loans with an allowance recorded:
Recorded Investment	663		615
Unpaid Principal Balance	674		618
Related Allowance	48		40
Average Recorded Investment	639	813
Interest Income Recognized	8	9
Total Recorded Investment	1,372		1,542
Total Unpaid Principal Balance	1,441		1,628
Total Related Allowance	48		40
Total Average Recorded Investment	1,457	1,976
Total Interest Income Recognized	9	11
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
Recorded Investment	611		822
Unpaid Principal Balance	669		905
Average Recorded Investment	717	1,060
Interest Income Recognized		1
Loans with an allowance recorded:
Recorded Investment	272		219
Unpaid Principal Balance	279		218
Related Allowance	21		21
Average Recorded Investment	245	270
Interest Income Recognized	3	3
Total Recorded Investment	883		1,041
Total Unpaid Principal Balance	948		1,123
Total Related Allowance	21		21
Total Average Recorded Investment	962	1,330
Total Interest Income Recognized	3	4
Commercial real estate
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
Recorded Investment	98		102
Unpaid Principal Balance	98		102
Average Recorded Investment	100	93
Interest Income Recognized	1	1
Loans with an allowance recorded:
Recorded Investment	67		68
Unpaid Principal Balance	71		72
Related Allowance	1
Average Recorded Investment	68	183
Interest Income Recognized	1	1
Total Recorded Investment	165		170
Total Unpaid Principal Balance	169		174
Total Related Allowance	1
Total Average Recorded Investment	168	276
Total Interest Income Recognized	2	2
Commercial business
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
Average Recorded Investment		10
Loans with an allowance recorded:
Recorded Investment	324		328
Unpaid Principal Balance	324		328
Related Allowance	26		19
Average Recorded Investment	326	360
Interest Income Recognized	4	5
Total Recorded Investment	324		328
Total Unpaid Principal Balance	324		328
Total Related Allowance	26		19
Total Average Recorded Investment	326	370
Total Interest Income Recognized	4	$ 5
Consumer
Loans with no related allowance recorded:
Recorded Investment			3
Unpaid Principal Balance			3
Average Recorded Investment	1
Loans with an allowance recorded:
Total Recorded Investment			3
Total Unpaid Principal Balance			$ 3
Total Average Recorded Investment	$ 1

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses - Nonperforming loans of nonaccrual loans and loans over 90 days past due recorded investment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Nonaccrual Loans	$ 594	$ 753
Total Nonperforming Loans	594	753
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Nonaccrual Loans	579	735
Total Nonperforming Loans	579	735
Commercial real estate
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Nonaccrual Loans	15	15
Total Nonperforming Loans	$ 15	15
Consumer
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Nonaccrual Loans		3
Total Nonperforming Loans		$ 3

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses - Aging of recorded investment in loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	$ 1,042	$ 1,304
Total Loans	129,156	124,387
30-59 Days Past Due
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	959	996
60-89 Days Past Due
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans		248
Over 90 Days Past Due
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	83	60
Current
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	128,114	123,083
Construction
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Total Loans	2,603	3,032
Construction | Current
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	2,603	3,032
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	1,020	850
Total Loans	65,896	64,263
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential | 30-59 Days Past Due
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	937	545
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential | 60-89 Days Past Due
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans		248
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential | Over 90 Days Past Due
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	83	57
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential | Current
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	64,876	63,413
Residential real estate | Multi-family residential
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Total Loans	9,010	9,372
Residential real estate | Multi-family residential | Current
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	9,010	9,372
Commercial real estate
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	6	451
Total Loans	40,925	36,702
Commercial real estate | 30-59 Days Past Due
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	6	451
Commercial real estate | Current
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	40,919	36,251
Commercial business
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Total Loans	8,649	8,815
Commercial business | Current
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	8,649	8,815
Consumer
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	16	3
Total Loans	2,073	2,203
Consumer | 30-59 Days Past Due
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	16
Consumer | Over 90 Days Past Due
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans		3
Consumer | Current
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans	$ 2,057	$ 2,200

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses - Recorded investment in loans by risk category (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	$ 129,156	$ 124,387
Pass
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	128,453	123,411
Special mention
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	88	87
Substandard
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	615	889
Construction
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	2,603	3,032
Construction | Pass
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	2,603	3,032
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	65,896	64,263
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential | Pass
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	65,302	63,399
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential | Substandard
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	594	864
Residential real estate | Multi-family residential
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	9,010	9,372
Residential real estate | Multi-family residential | Pass
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	9,010	9,372
Commercial real estate
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	40,925	36,702
Commercial real estate | Pass
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	40,816	36,593
Commercial real estate | Special mention
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	88	87
Commercial real estate | Substandard
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	21	22
Commercial business
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	8,649	8,815
Commercial business | Pass
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	8,649	8,815
Consumer
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	2,073	2,203
Consumer | Pass
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans	$ 2,073	2,200
Consumer | Substandard
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Total Loans		$ 3

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses - Troubled Debt Restructuring by accrual status (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Accruing	$ 778	$ 789
Nonaccrual	97	101
Total	875	890
Related Allowance for Loan Losses	48	40
Residential real estate | One-to-four family residential
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Accruing	304	306
Nonaccrual	97	101
Total	401	407
Related Allowance for Loan Losses	21	21
Commercial real estate
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Accruing	150	155
Total	150	155
Related Allowance for Loan Losses	1
Commercial business
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Accruing	324	328
Total	324	328
Related Allowance for Loan Losses	$ 26	$ 19

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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses - Additional Information (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) loan	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) loan	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Appraisals or valuations obtained above threshold amount	$ 100,000
Outstanding principal	0	$ 0
Commitments to lend additional funds to debtors	0		$ 0
Loans charged-off	0	0
Allowance for credit loss	$ 0	$ 0
Number of contracts in default | loan	0	0
Residential real estate properties
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Foreclosure in process	$ 20,000		$ 19,000
Number of loans foreclosure | loan	2

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Supplemental Disclosure for Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Earnings:
Net income	$ 467	$ 378
Shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding	2,811,781	2,965,780
Net income per common share, basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.17	$ 0.13
Earnings:
Net income	$ 467	$ 378
Shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding	2,811,781	2,965,780
Add: Dilutive effect of stock options	2,519	4,262
Add: Dilutive effect of restricted stock	2,167	4,375
Weighted average common shares outstanding, as adjusted	2,816,467	2,974,417
Net income per common share, diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.17	$ 0.13

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Supplemental Disclosure for Earnings Per Share - Additional Information (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Shares of common stock excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share	0	0
Restricted stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Shares of common stock excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share	0	0

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Employee Stock Ownership Plan (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) Disclosures [Line Items]
ESOP compensation expense	$ 39	$ 41
Conversion | Employee stock ownership plan ("ESOP")
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) Disclosures [Line Items]
Plan of conversion from mutual to stock form of ownership, number of shares issued	204,789
Purchase price per share for shares issued in plan of conversion	$ 10.00
Term of loan under ESOP	20 years
Allocated shares	39,847
Unallocated shares	164,942
Value of unallocated shares of common stock	$ 2,400

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Stock-based Compensation Plans - Additional information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2019	Jul. 27, 2010
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested stock options	$ 102,000
Unrecognized compensation expense to be recognized over a weighted-average period	2 years
Unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested restricted shares	$ 430,000
Weighted average vesting period	2 years 9 months 18 days
Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Compensation expense	$ 13,000
Weighted average vesting period	7 years 9 months 18 days
Restricted stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Compensation expense	$ 41,000	$ 45,000
2010 Equity Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of common shares approved for awards of stock options and restricted stock				127,849
Awards adjusted for stock options	88,164
Common stock have been granted, net of forfeitures	34,250
Vesting period	5 years
2019 Equity Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of common shares approved for awards of stock options and restricted stock			255,987
Number of restricted stock available for grant			102,395
Awards adjusted for stock options	6,500
2019 Equity Incentive Plan | Restricted stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock granted	33,400

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Stock-based Compensation Plans - Stock option activity (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, options vested and expected to vest	2 years 9 months 18 days
Stock options
Number of shares
Outstanding at beginning of year | shares	98,584
Exercised | shares	(7,869)
Forfeited or expired | shares	(5,090)
Outstanding at end of period | shares	85,625
Vested and expected to vest | shares	85,625
Exercisable at end of period | shares	53,025
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at beginning of year | $ / shares	$ 13.42
Exercised | $ / shares	13.11
Forfeited or expired | $ / shares	13.34
Outstanding at end of period | $ / shares	13.46
Vested and expected to vest | $ / shares	13.46
Exercisable at end of period | $ / shares	$ 13.33
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	7 years 9 months 18 days
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, options vested and expected to vest	7 years 9 months 18 days
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, options exercisable	7 years 8 months 12 days
Outstanding shares, Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $	$ 118,000
Vested and expected to vest, Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $	118,000
Exercisable at end of period Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $	$ 78,000

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Stock-based Compensation Plans - Nonvested restricted shares activity (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 $ / shares shares
Number of shares
Nonvested at beginning of year | shares	32,578
Forfeited | shares	(150)
Nonvested at end of period | shares	32,428
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested at beginning of year | $ / shares	$ 14.53
Forfeited | $ / shares	14.74
Nonvested at end of period | $ / shares	$ 14.53

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Fair Value Measurements - Fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	$ 117,411	$ 107,293
Liabilities measured at fair value	0	0
Agency MBS
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	13,613	11,853
Agency CMO
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	23,308	23,778
U.S. Treasury securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	9,723
U.S. Government agency obligations
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	1,994
Municipal obligations
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	68,773	71,662
Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	117,411	107,293
Measured on a Recurring Basis
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	117,411	107,293
Measured on a Recurring Basis | Agency MBS
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	13,613	11,853
Measured on a Recurring Basis | Agency CMO
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	23,308	23,778
Measured on a Recurring Basis | U.S. Treasury securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	9,723
Measured on a Recurring Basis | U.S. Government agency obligations
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	1,994
Measured on a Recurring Basis | Municipal obligations
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	68,773	71,662
Measured on a Recurring Basis | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	117,411	107,293
Measured on a Recurring Basis | Level 2 | Agency MBS
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	13,613	11,853
Measured on a Recurring Basis | Level 2 | Agency CMO
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	23,308	23,778
Measured on a Recurring Basis | Level 2 | U.S. Treasury securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	9,723
Measured on a Recurring Basis | Level 2 | U.S. Government agency obligations
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	1,994
Measured on a Recurring Basis | Level 2 | Municipal obligations
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total securities available for sale	68,773	71,662
Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets measured at fair value	$ 0	$ 0

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Fair Value Measurements - Estimated fair values of financial instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Financial assets:
Securities available for sale	$ 117,411	$ 107,293
Securities held to maturity	20	21
Loans, net	127,306	122,568
FHLB stock	721	778
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits	31,159	28,602
Interest-bearing deposits	178,499	168,282
Accrued interest payable	11	11
Carrying Value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	6,741	16,379
Securities available for sale	117,411	107,293
Securities held to maturity	20	21
Loans, net	127,306	122,568
FHLB stock	721	778
Accrued interest receivable	939	997
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits	31,159	28,602
Interest-bearing deposits	178,499	168,282
Advance from FHLB	10,000	10,000
Accrued interest payable	11	11
Level 1
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	6,741	16,379
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits	31,159	28,602
Level 2
Financial assets:
Securities available for sale	117,411	107,293
Securities held to maturity	20	21
Accrued interest receivable	939	997
Financial liabilities:
Advance from FHLB	9,829	10,162
Accrued interest payable	11	11
Level 3
Financial assets:
Loans, net	125,535	123,158
Financial liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits	$ 177,743	$ 168,168

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Fair Value Measurements - Additional information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value Measurements, Recurring and Nonrecurring, Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Transfers in or out of Level 3 financial assets	$ 0	$ 0
Level 3 | Cost approach | Appraised value | Impaired loans
Fair Value Measurements, Recurring and Nonrecurring, Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Allowance for loan losses increase (decrease)	$ 8,000	$ (3,000)
Percentage of discount from appraised value	10.00%		10.00%
Measurement inputs	estimated costs to sell the property		estimated costs to sell the property

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 261	$ 252
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance	14	16
Other income	10	6
Other noninterest income	24	22
Total noninterest income	285	274
Deposit account service charges
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	81	50
Brokered loan fees.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	43	68
ATM and debit card fee income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	136	129
Other income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 1	$ 5