UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM
(Mark One)
| | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended
OR
| | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number:
TILRAY BRANDS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
| | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer |
| | |
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
| | | The |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |
| Emerging growth company | | ||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes ☒ No ☐
As of April 05, 2024, the registrant had
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 29, 2024 (the “Form 10-Q”) contains forward-looking statements under Canadian securities laws and within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that are intended to be subject to the "safe harbor" created by those sections and other applicable laws. Such statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. If the risks or uncertainties ever materialize or the assumptions prove incorrect, our results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements under the Canadian securities laws and within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that are intended to be subject to the “safe harbor” created by those sections and other applicable laws. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “project,” “will,” “would,” “seek,” or “should,” or the negative or plural of these words or similar expressions or variations are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, among other things, our beliefs or expectations relating to our future performance, results of operations and financial condition; our intentions or expectations regarding our cost savings initiatives; our strategic initiatives, business strategy, supply chain, brand portfolio, product performance and expansion efforts; current or future macroeconomic trends; our expectations regarding regulatory developments; our expectations regarding any future tax developments; future corporate acquisitions and strategic transactions; and our synergies, cash savings and efficiencies anticipated from the integration of our completed acquisitions and strategic transactions.
Risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those identified in this Form 10-Q and other risks and matters described in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023 as well as our other filings made from time to time with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and in our Canadian securities filings.
Forward looking statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this Form 10-Q and, while we believe that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, these statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements or forward-looking information as predictions of future events.
We undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or changes in assumptions or circumstances, except as required by applicable law.
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited).
TILRAY BRANDS, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
(in thousands of United States dollars, unaudited)
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Assets | ||||||||
| Current assets | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Marketable securities | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||||||
| Inventory | ||||||||
| Prepaids and other current assets | ||||||||
| Assets held for sale | ||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||
| Capital assets | ||||||||
| Operating lease, right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Intangible assets | ||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||
| Interest in equity investees | ||||||||
| Long-term investments | ||||||||
| Convertible notes receivable | ||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||
| Current liabilities | ||||||||
| Bank indebtedness | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ||||||||
| Contingent consideration | ||||||||
| Warrant liability | ||||||||
| Current portion of lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | ||||||||
| Current portion of convertible debentures payable | ||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||
| Long - term liabilities | ||||||||
| Contingent consideration | ||||||||
| Lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Long-term debt | ||||||||
| Convertible debentures payable | ||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities, net | ||||||||
| Other liabilities | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (refer to Note 19) | ||||||||
| Stockholders' equity | ||||||||
| Common stock ($ par value; common shares authorized; and common shares issued and outstanding, respectively) | ||||||||
| Preferred shares ($ par value; preferred shares authorized; and preferred shares issued and outstanding, respectively) | ||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accumulated Deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Tilray Brands, Inc. stockholders' equity | ||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total stockholders' equity | ||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss
(in thousands of United States dollars, except for share and per share data, unaudited)
| Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Net revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | ||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit (loss) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | ||||||||||||||||
| Selling | ||||||||||||||||
| Amortization | ||||||||||||||||
| Marketing and promotion | ||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | ||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Impairments | ||||||||||||||||
| Other than temporary change in fair value of convertible notes receivable | ||||||||||||||||
| Litigation costs, net of recoveries | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Restructuring costs | ||||||||||||||||
| Transaction costs (income) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Interest expense, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Non-operating income (expense), net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Loss before income taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Income tax (recovery) expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Total net income (loss) attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders of Tilray Brands, Inc. | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Other comprehensive gain (loss), net of tax | ||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain (loss) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Unrealized gain (loss) on convertible notes receivable | ||||||||||||||||
| Total other comprehensive gain (loss), net of tax | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Comprehensive loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders of Tilray Brands, Inc. | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Weighted average number of common shares - basic | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average number of common shares - diluted | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss per share - basic | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Net loss per share - diluted | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands of United States dollars, except for share data, unaudited)
| Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of | Additional | other | Non- | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| common | Common | paid-in | comprehensive | Accumulated | controlling | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| shares | stock | capital | loss | Deficit | interests | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at May 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - equity financing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued to purchase HEXO convertible note receivable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HTI Convertible Note - conversion feature | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - Double Diamond Holdings dividend settlement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - options exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - RSUs exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares effectively repurchased for employee withholding tax | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared to non-controlling interests | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) for the period | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at August 31, 2022 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued to purchase Montauk | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - options exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - RSUs exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - Double Diamond Holdings dividend settlement | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) for the period | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at November 30, 2022 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - RSUs exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - Double Diamond Holdings dividend settlement | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred share issuance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) for the period | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at February 28, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at May 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - HEXO acquisition | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - settlement of contractual change of control severance incurred from HEXO acquisition | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - Double Diamond Holdings dividend settlement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - HTI convertible note | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - RSUs exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares effectively repurchased for employee withholding tax | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity component related to issuance of convertible debt, net of issuance costs | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared to non-controlling interests | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) for the period | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at August 31, 2023 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - HTI convertible note | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - Settlement of litigation claims from MediPharm Labs Inc | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - Repurchase of TLRY 23 convertible note | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - Settlement of equity component of TLRY 23 convertible note | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - RSUs exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) for the period | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at November 30, 2023 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - Repurchase of APHA 24 convertible note | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - Double Diamond Holdings dividend settlement | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - RSUs exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share issuance - options exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared to non-controlling interests | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) for the period | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at February 29, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands of United States dollars, unaudited)
| For the nine months ended | ||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments for: | ||||||||
| Deferred income tax recovery | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss | ( | ) | ||||||
| Amortization | ||||||||
| Accretion of convertible debt discount | ||||||||
| Inventory valuation write down | ||||||||
| Impairments | ||||||||
| Other than temporary change in fair value of convertible notes receivable | ||||||||
| Other non-cash items | ||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | ||||||||
| (Gain) loss on long-term investments & equity investments | ||||||||
| Loss on derivative instruments | ||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration | ( | ) | ||||||
| Change in non-cash working capital: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||||||
| Prepaids and other current assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Inventory | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash provided by (used in) investing activities: | ||||||||
| Investment in capital and intangible assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Proceeds from disposal of capital and intangible assets | ||||||||
| Disposal (purchase) of marketable securities, net | ( | ) | ||||||
| Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash provided by (used in) financing activities: | ||||||||
| Share capital issued, net of cash issuance costs | ||||||||
| Shares effectively repurchased for employee withholding tax | ( | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds from long-term debt | ||||||||
| Repayment of long-term debt | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Proceeds from convertible debt | ||||||||
| Repayment of convertible debt | ( | ) | ||||||
| Repayment of lease liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net increase (decrease) in bank indebtedness | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed interim consolidated financial statements.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1. Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies
The accompanying unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements (the “financial statements”) reflect the accounts of the Company for the quarterly period ended February 29, 2024. The financial statements were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements (the “Annual Financial Statements”) included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023 (the “Annual Report”). These unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.
These condensed interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis which assumes that the Company will continue in operation for the foreseeable future and, accordingly, will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of operations as they come due, under the historical cost convention except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair value, as detailed in the Company’s accounting policies.
All amounts in the unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements, notes and tables have been rounded to the nearest thousand, except par values and per share amounts, and unless otherwise indicated.
Certain items of the comparative figures have been changed to conform to the presentation adopted in the current period.
Basis of consolidation
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company either has a controlling voting interest or is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. The financial statements of all subsidiaries are included in the condensed interim consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation. A complete list of our subsidiaries that existed as of our most recent fiscal year end is included in the Annual Report, except for the entities acquired within Note 7 (Business acquisitions) during the nine months ended February 29, 2024.
Marketable securities
We classify term deposits and other investments that have maturities of greater than three months but less than one year as marketable securities. The fair value of marketable securities is based on quoted market prices for publicly traded securities. Marketable securities are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in the statement of net loss and comprehensive loss within the line “Non-operating income (expense), net”.
Restricted cash
We classify cash that is legally or contractually restricted as to withdrawal or usage as restricted cash. As of February 29, 2024, and May 31, 2023, the Company reported restricted cash. During the six months ended November 31, 2023, the Company acquired $
Assets held for sale
We classify capital assets that are available for immediate sale in their present condition, which the Company has approved the action or plan to sell, and the sales is probable within one year, as assets held for sale. As of February 29, 2024, the Company reported $
When there are changes in circumstances that were previously considered unlikely to occur, and it is decided not to proceed with a sale, an asset that was previously classified as assets held for sale is reclassified as held and used. The asset is then remeasured at the lower of its carrying amount before being classified as held for sale less the amortization that would have occurred and the fair value on the date the decision not to proceed with a sale was made. Changes in the carrying amount are recorded in the statement of net loss and comprehensive loss.
Long-term investments
Investments in equity securities of entities over which the Company does not have a controlling financial interest or significant influence are classified as an equity investment and accounted for at fair value. Equity investments without readily determinable fair values are measured at cost with adjustments for observable changes in price or impairments (referred to as the “measurement alternative”). In applying the measurement alternative, the Company performs a qualitative assessment on a quarterly basis and recognizes an impairment if there are sufficient indicators that the fair value of an individual equity investment is less than its carrying value. Changes in value are recorded in the statement of net loss and comprehensive loss, within the line, “Non-operating income (expense), net”.
Investments in entities over which the Company does not have a controlling financial interest but has significant influence, are accounted for using the equity method, with the Company’s share of earnings or losses reported in earnings or losses from equity method investments on the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. Equity method investments are recorded at cost, adjusted for the Company’s share of undistributed earnings or losses, and impairment, if any, within “Interest in equity investees” on the balance sheets. The Company assesses investments in equity method investments when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investment may be impaired. If it is determined that the current fair value of an equity method investment is less than the carrying value of the investment, the Company will assess if the shortfall is other than temporary (OTTI). Evidence of a loss in value might include, but would not necessarily be limited to, the absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of the equity investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. Once a determination is made that an OTTI exists, the investment is written down to its fair value in accordance with ASC 820 Fair Value Measurement at the reporting date, which establishes a new cost basis.
Convertible notes receivable
Convertible notes receivable includes various investments in which the Company has the right, or potential right to convert the indenture into common stock of the investee and are classified as available-for-sale and are recorded at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses during the year, net of the related tax effect, are excluded from income and reflected in other comprehensive income (loss), and the cumulative effect is reported as a separate component of shareholders' equity until realized. We use judgement to assess convertible notes receivables for impairment at each measurement date. Convertible notes receivables are impaired when a decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment charge is recorded in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss and a new cost basis for the investment is established. We also evaluate whether there is a plan to sell the security, or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery. If neither of the conditions exist, then only the portion of the impairment loss attributable to credit loss is recorded in the statements of loss and the remaining amount is recorded in other comprehensive income (loss).
Revenue
Revenue is recognized when the control of the promised goods or services, through performance obligation, is transferred or provided to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for the performance obligations.
Excise taxes remitted to tax authorities are government-imposed excise taxes on cannabis and beer. Excise taxes are recorded as a reduction of sales in net revenue in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss and recognized as a current liability within accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, with the liability subsequently reduced when the taxes are remitted to the tax authority.
In addition, amounts disclosed as net revenue are net of excise taxes, sales tax, duty tax, allowances, discounts and rebates.
In determining the transaction price for the sale of goods or services, the Company considers the effects of variable consideration and the existence of significant financing components, if any.
We may enter into certain contracts for the sale of goods or services, which provide customers with rights of return, volume discounts, bonuses for volume/quality achievement, and/or sales allowances. In addition, the Company may provide in certain circumstances, a retrospective price reduction to a customer based primarily on inventory movement. The inclusion of these items may give rise to variable consideration. The Company uses the expected value method to estimate the variable consideration because this method provides the most accurate estimation of the amount of variable consideration to which the Company will be entitled. The Company uses historical evidence, current information and forecasts to estimate the variable consideration. The Company reduces revenue and recognizes a contract liability, recorded in accounts receivable, net, equal to the amount expected to be refunded to the customer in the form of a future rebate or credit for a retrospective price reduction, representing its obligation to return the customer’s consideration. The estimate is updated at each reporting period date.
On July 12, 2022, the Company and HEXO Corp. ("HEXO") entered into various commercial transaction agreements, as described in Note 26 (Segment reporting), which included an advisory services arrangement. The fees associated with the advisory services arrangement were recognized as revenue when such services were provided to HEXO. Any payments that were received for such services in advance of performance were recognized as a contract liability. On June 22, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of HEXO, as described in Note 7 (Business acquisitions), simultaneously terminating the advisory services arrangement and other commercial transactions.
Transaction (income) costs
The Company expenses costs net of any gains directly attributable to business acquisitions and classifies these items as transaction (income) costs. These items include among other things, legal fees to complete the acquisition, financial advisor and due diligence costs, and transaction related compensation. These items are recognized as incurred.
Earnings (loss) per share
Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing reported net income (loss) attributable to stockholders of Tilray Brands, Inc. by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing reported net income (loss) attributable to stockholders of Tilray Brands, Inc. by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares and the number of dilutive potential common share equivalents outstanding during the period. Potential dilutive common share equivalents consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of vested share options, warrants, and RSUs and the incremental shares issuable upon conversion of the convertible debentures and similar instruments. Shares of common stock outstanding under the share lending arrangement entered into in conjunction with the TLRY 27 Notes, see Note 13 (Convertible debentures payable) are excluded from the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share because the borrower of the shares is required under the share lending arrangement to refund any dividends paid on the shares lent.
In computing diluted earnings (loss) per share, common share equivalents are not considered in periods in which a net loss is reported, as the inclusion of the common share equivalents would be anti-dilutive. For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023, the dilutive potential common share equivalents outstanding consisted of the following:
New accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
In August 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-05, Business Combination - Joint Venture Formations (Subtopic 805-60) Recognition and Initial Measurement (“ASU 2023-05”), which is intended to address the accounting for contributions made to a joint venture. ASU 2023-05 is effective for the Company beginning June 1, 2026. This update will be applied prospectively on or after the effective date of the amendments. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of adopting this ASU.
In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative, which amends the disclosure or presentation requirements related to various subtopics in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification”). The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. If by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, the pending content of the related amendment will be removed from the Codification and will not become effective for any entity. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of adopting this ASU.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires public entities to disclose information about their reportable segments’ significant expenses on an interim and annual basis. ASU 2023-07 is effective for the Company beginning the year ended May 31, 2025. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of adopting this ASU.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires public entities to disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold on an annual basis. ASU 2023-09 is effective for the Company beginning the year ended June 01, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of adopting this ASU.
New accounting pronouncements recently adopted
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Subtopic 805), Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2021-08”), which is intended to improve the accounting for acquired revenue contracts with customers in a business combination by addressing diversity in practice and inconsistency. The Company adopted the ASU 2021-08 beginning June 1, 2023, however, it did not have any impact on our condensed interim consolidated financial statements.
Note 2. Inventory
Inventory consisted of the following:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Beverage alcohol inventory | $ | $ | ||||||
| Plants | ||||||||
| Dried cannabis | ||||||||
| Cannabis trim | ||||||||
| Cannabis derivatives | ||||||||
| Cannabis vapes | ||||||||
| Packaging and other inventory items | ||||||||
| Distribution inventory | ||||||||
| Wellness inventory | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
Note 3. Capital assets
Capital assets consisted of the following:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Land | $ | $ | ||||||
| Production facility | ||||||||
| Equipment | ||||||||
| Leasehold improvement | ||||||||
| Finance lease, right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Construction in progress | ||||||||
| $ | $ | |||||||
| Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
Assets held for sale consisted of the following:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Land | $ | $ | ||||||
| Production facility | ||||||||
| Equipment | ||||||||
| $ | $ | |||||||
On June 22, 2023, the Company acquired HEXO and recognized the Kirkland lake property as held for sale on the acquisition date, see Note 7 (Business combinations). It is expected that the sale of the property will close during the fiscal year ended May 31, 2024.
During the three months ended February 29, 2024, the Company classified its Quebec cultivation facility and the Fort Collins extraction facility as held for sale. Through the assessment of facility capacity utilization, it was determined that these facilities would be exited and held for sale. It is expected that the sale of these assets will be completed within twelve months from the period ended February 29, 2024.
Note 4. Leases
The table below presents the lease-related assets and liabilities recorded on the balance sheet.
| February 29, | May 31, | ||||||||
| Classification on Balance Sheet | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Assets | |||||||||
| Finance lease, right-of-use assets | Capital assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating lease, right-of-use assets | Operating lease, right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Total right-of-use asset | $ | $ | |||||||
| Liabilities | |||||||||
| Current: | |||||||||
| Current portion of finance lease liabilities | Current portion of lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| Current portion of operating lease liabilities | Current portion of lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Non-current: | |||||||||
| Finance lease liabilities | Lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | Lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Total lease liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||
The following table presents the future undiscounted payment associated with lease liabilities as of February 29, 2024:
| Operating | Finance | |||||||
| leases | leases | |||||||
| 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||
| 2025 | ||||||||
| 2026 | ||||||||
| 2027 | ||||||||
| Thereafter | ||||||||
| Total minimum lease payments | $ | $ | ||||||
| Imputed interest | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Obligations recognized | $ | $ | ||||||
Note 5. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consisted of the following items:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Customer relationships & distribution channel | $ | $ | ||||||
| Licenses, permits & applications | ||||||||
| Non-compete agreements | ||||||||
| Intellectual property, trademarks, knowhow & brands | ||||||||
| $ | ||||||||
| Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Less: impairments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
Included in licenses, permits & applications was $
Expected future amortization expense for intangible assets as of February 29, 2024 are as follows:
| Amortization | ||||
| 2024 (remaining three months) | $ | |||
| 2025 | ||||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| 2028 | ||||
| Thereafter | ||||
| Total | $ | |||
Note 6. Goodwill
The following table shows the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting units:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| Reporting Unit | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||
| Cannabis | $ | $ | ||||||
| Distribution | ||||||||
| Beverage alcohol | ||||||||
| Wellness | ||||||||
| Effect of foreign exchange | ||||||||
| Impairments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
Note 7. Business acquisitions
Acquisition of Montauk Brewing Company, Inc.
On November 7, 2022, Tilray acquired Montauk Brewing Company, Inc. (“Montauk”), a leading craft brewer based in Montauk, New York, which expanded our distribution network with a strong brand in the tri-state region of the U.S. In consideration for the acquisition of Montauk, and after giving effect to post-closing adjustments, the Company paid an aggregate purchase price equal to $
The table below summarizes the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date.
| Amount | ||||
| Consideration | ||||
| Cash | $ | |||
| Shares | ||||
| Contingent consideration | ||||
| Net assets acquired | ||||
| Current assets | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | ||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||
| Prepaids and other current assets | ||||
| Inventory | ||||
| Long-term assets | ||||
| Capital assets | ||||
| Customer relationships ( years) | ||||
| Intellectual property, trademarks & brands ( years) | ||||
| Goodwill | ||||
| Total assets | ||||
| Current liabilities | ||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ||||
| Long-term liabilities | ||||
| Deferred tax liability | ||||
| Other liabilities | ||||
| Total liabilities | ||||
| Total net assets acquired | $ | |||
In the event that the Montauk acquisition had occurred on June 1, 2022, the Company would have had additional net revenue of approximately $
Acquisition of HEXO Corp.
On June 22, 2023, Tilray acquired HEXO, a cannabis company in Canada (the “HEXO Acquisition”) for the purpose of expanding the Company’s revenue base, production capabilities around certain form factors and growth opportunities with the Redecan brand. In consideration for the HEXO Acquisition, the Company paid a total purchase price equivalent of $
The Company is in the process of assessing the fair value of the net assets acquired and, as a result, the fair value may be subject to adjustments pending completion of final valuations and post-closing adjustments. The table below summarizes the preliminary estimated fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for the HEXO Acquisition at the acquisition date as follows:
| Amount | ||||
| Consideration | ||||
| Shares | $ | |||
| Settlement of convertible notes receivable | ||||
| Warrants assumed | ||||
| Estimated fair value of HEXO stock-based compensation | ||||
| Net assets acquired | ||||
| Current assets | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | ||||
| Restricted cash | ||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||
| Asset held for sale | ||||
| Prepaids and other current assets | ||||
| Inventory | ||||
| Long-term assets | ||||
| Prepaid expenses | ||||
| Capital assets | ||||
| Intellectual property, trademarks & brands ( years) | ||||
| Interest in equity investee | ||||
| Total assets | ||||
| Current liabilities | ||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ||||
| Total liabilities | ||||
| Total net assets acquired | $ | |||
Included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities was $
In the event the HEXO Acquisition had occurred on June 1, 2022, the Company would have had, on an unaudited proforma basis, additional net revenue of approximately and $
Acquisition of Truss Beverage Co.
On August 3, 2023, Tilray acquired the remaining
The Company is in the process of assessing the fair value of the net assets acquired and, as a result, the fair value of the net assets acquired may be subject to adjustments pending completion of final valuations and post-closing adjustments. The table below summarizes preliminary estimated fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as follows:
| Amount | ||||
| Consideration | ||||
| Cash consideration | $ | |||
| Investment in equity investees | ||||
| Contingent consideration | ||||
| Net assets acquired | ||||
| Current assets | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | ||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||
| Prepaids and other current assets | ||||
| Inventory | ||||
| Asset held for sale | ||||
| Long-term assets | ||||
| Intangible assets | ||||
| Total assets | ||||
| Current liabilities | ||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ||||
| Other liabilities | ||||
| Total liabilities | ||||
| Total net assets acquired | ||||
In the event that the Truss acquisition had occurred on June 1, 2022 the Company would have had, on an unaudited proforma basis, additional net revenue of approximately and $
Acquisition of Craft Beverage Business Portfolio
On September 29, 2023, Tilray acquired a portfolio of craft brands, assets and businesses comprising beer and beverage brands from Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC, ("AB") including breweries and brewpubs associated with them (the “Craft Acquisition”). The acquired businesses/brands include Shock Top, Breckenridge Brewery, Blue Point Brewing Company, 10 Barrel Brewing Company, Redhook Brewery, Widmer Brothers Brewing, Square Mile Cider Company, and HiBall Energy. The Company paid a total purchase price equivalent of $
The Company is in the process of assessing the fair value of the net assets acquired and, as a result, the fair value may be subject to adjustments pending completion of final valuations and post-closing adjustments. The table below summarizes the preliminary estimated fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for the Craft Acquisition at the effective acquisition date as follows:
| Amount | ||||
| Consideration | ||||
| Cash consideration | $ | |||
| Net assets acquired | ||||
| Current assets | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | ||||
| Inventory | ||||
| Prepaids and other current assets | ||||
| Long-term assets | ||||
| Capital assets | ||||
| Finance lease, right-of-use assets | ||||
| Operating lease, right-of-use assets | ||||
| Other assets | ||||
| Total assets | ||||
| Current liabilities | ||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ||||
| Current portion of finance lease liabilities | ||||
| Current portion of operating lease liabilities | ||||
| Long - term liabilities | ||||
| Finance lease liabilities | ||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ||||
| Total liabilities | ||||
| Total net assets acquired | ||||
In the event that the Craft Acquisition had occurred on June 1, 2022, the Company would have had, on an unaudited proforma basis, additional revenue of approximately and $
Note 8. Convertible notes receivable
Convertible notes receivable is comprised of the following:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| HEXO Convertible Note | $ | $ | ||||||
| MedMen Convertible Note | ||||||||
| Total convertible notes receivable | ||||||||
| Deduct - current portion | ||||||||
| Total convertible notes receivable, non current portion | $ | $ | ||||||
HEXO Convertible Note
On June 22, 2023, the Company completed the HEXO Acquisition as described in Note 7 (Business acquisitions). Concurrently with the closing of the HEXO Acquisition, the HEXO convertible note was converted into shares of HEXO.
MedMen Convertible Note
On August 31, 2021, the Company issued
During the three months ended February 29, 2024, the Company recognized an other-than-temporary change in fair value, which resulted in a non-cash expense of $
The Company did not derive any revenue or cash from MedMen's operations, and fully complies with all limitations imposed by applicable U.S. law and regulations in connection with its ownership of the MedMen Convertible Note. In addition, the Company did recognize any interest income on the MedMen Convertible Note for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, which would have increased its value.
Note 9. Long term investments
Long term investments consisted of the following:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Equity investments measured at fair value | $ | $ | ||||||
| Equity investments under measurement alternative | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
Note 10. Bank indebtedness
Aphria Inc., a subsidiary of the Company, has an operating line of credit in the amount of which bears interest at the lender’s prime rate plus
CC Pharma GmbH, a subsidiary of the Company, has operating lines of credit for and each, which bear interest at Euro Short-Term Rate ("ESTR") plus
American Beverage Crafts Group Inc. ("ABC Group"), formerly known as Four Twenty Corporation, a subsidiary of the Company, has a revolving credit facility of $
Note 11. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities are comprised of:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Trade payables | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities | ||||||||
| Litigation accrual | ||||||||
| Accrued payroll and employment related taxes | ||||||||
| Income taxes payable | ||||||||
| Accrued interest | ||||||||
| Sales taxes payable | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
Note 12. Long-term debt
The following table sets forth the net carrying amount of long-term debt instruments:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Credit facility - C$ - Canadian prime interest rate plus an applicable margin, -year term, with a -year amortization, repayable in blended monthly payments, due in | $ | $ | ||||||
| Term loan - C$ - Canadian prime plus %, compounded monthly, -year term, with a -year amortization, repayable in equal monthly installments of C$ including interest, due in | ||||||||
| Term loan - C$ - Canadian prime plus %, compounded monthly, -year term, with a -year amortization, repayable in equal monthly installments of C$ including interest, due in | ||||||||
| Term loan - C$ - Canadian prime plus %, -year term, with a -year amortization, repayable in equal monthly installments of C$ including interest, due in | ||||||||
| Mortgage payable - C$ - Canadian prime plus %, -year term, with a -year amortization, repayable in equal monthly installments of C$ including interest, due in | ||||||||
| Term loan ‐ € ‐ EURIBOR plus %, ‐year term, repayable in quarterly installments of € plus interest, due in | ||||||||
| Term loan ‐ € ‐ at %, ‐year term, repayable in monthly installments of € plus interest, due in | ||||||||
| Term loan ‐ € ‐ at %, ‐year term, repayable in quarterly installments of € plus interest, due in | ||||||||
| Term loan ‐ € ‐ at %, ‐year term, repayable in monthly installments of € plus interest, due in | ||||||||
| Mortgage payable - $ - EURIBOR rate plus %, -year term, repayable in monthly installments of $ including interest, due in | ||||||||
| Term loan - $ - SOFR plus an applicable margin, -year term, repayable in quarterly installments of $ to $ due in | ||||||||
| Carrying amount of long-term debt | ||||||||
| Unamortized financing fees | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net carrying amount | ||||||||
| Less principal portion included in current liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total noncurrent portion of long-term debt | $ | $ | ||||||
During the quarter ended August 31, 2023, ABC Group, repaid its $
Note 13. Convertible debentures payable
The following table sets forth the net carrying amount of the convertible debentures payable:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| % Convertible Notes ("TLRY 27") | $ | $ | ||||||
| HTI Convertible Note | ||||||||
| % Convertible Notes ("APHA 24") | ||||||||
| % Convertible Notes ("TLRY 23") | ||||||||
| Total | ||||||||
| Deduct - current portion | ||||||||
| Total convertible debentures payable, non current portion | $ | $ | ||||||
TLRY 27 Notes
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| % Contractual debenture | $ | $ | ||||||
| Unamortized discount | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net carrying amount | $ | $ | ||||||
The TLRY 27 convertible debentures were issued on May 30, 2023 and on June 9, 2023 by way of overallotment, in the principal amount of $
The TLRY 27 Notes will be redeemable, in whole and not in part, at Tilray’s option at any time on or after June 20, 2025 at a cash redemption price equal to the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if the last reported sale price of Tilray’s common stock exceeds
During the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company recognized interest expense of $
HTI Convertible Note
| February 29, |
| |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| % Contractual debenture | $ | — | $ | |||||
| Unamortized discount | — | ( | ) | |||||
| Net carrying amount | $ | — | $ | |||||
On July 12, 2022, the Company issued a $
APHA 24 Notes
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| % Contractual debenture | $ | $ | ||||||
| Debt settlement | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Fair value adjustment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net carrying amount | $ | $ | ||||||
The APHA 24 convertible debentures, were entered into in April 2019, in the principal amount of $
Holders of the APHA 24 Notes may convert all or any portion of such note, in multiples of $1 principal amount, at their option at any time between December 1, 2023 to the maturity date of June 1, 2024. The initial conversion which the Company may settle in cash, or common shares of Tilray, or a combination thereof, at Tilray's election, is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $
The Company may redeem for cash all or part of the APHA 24, at its option, if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common shares has been at least
The Company elected the fair value option under ASC 825 Financial Instruments for the APHA 24. The APHA 24 was initially recognized at fair value on the balance sheet. All subsequent changes in fair value, excluding the impact of the change in fair value related to instrument-specific credit risk are recorded in non-operating income. The changes in fair value related to instrument-specific credit risk is recorded through other comprehensive income (loss).
During the three months ended February 29, 2024, the Company exchanged the aggregate principal of $
The overall change in fair value of APHA 24 during the nine months ended February 29, 2024 decreased by $
There was $
During the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024,the Company recognized interest expense of $
TLRY 23 Notes
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| % Contractual debenture | $ | $ | ||||||
| Principal amount paid | ( | ) | ||||||
| Unamortized discount | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net carrying amount | $ | $ | ||||||
The TLRY 23 Notes bore interest at a rate of
After cancellation, the outstanding principal balance of the TLRY 23 Notes was $
During the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company recognized interest expense of and $
Note 14. Warrant liability
As of February 29, 2024 and May 31, 2023, there were
The warrants contain anti-dilution price protection features, which adjust the exercise price of the warrants if the Company subsequently issues common stock at a price lower than the exercise price of the warrants. In the event additional warrants or convertible debt are issued with a lower and/or variable exercise price, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted accordingly. During the nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company issued shares which triggered the anti-dilution price protection feature lowering the exercise price to $
The Company estimated the fair value of warrants outstanding at February 29, 2024 at $
Expected volatility is based on both historical and implied volatility of the Company’s common stock.
Note 15. Stockholders' equity
Issued and outstanding
As of February 29, 2024, the Company had
During the nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company issued the following common shares:
| a) | |
| b) | |
| c) |
| d) |
| e) | |
| f) | |
|
| g) | |
| h) |
| i) |
The Company maintains stock-based compensation plans as disclosed in our Annual Financial Statements. For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the total stock-based compensation was $
During the nine months ended February 29, 2024 the Company granted
| For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Stock options | $ — |
| $ — |
| ||||||||||||
| RSUs | | | | | ||||||||||||
| Total |
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||
Note 16. Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss includes the following components:
| Unrealized | ||||||||||||
| Foreign | loss on | |||||||||||
| currency | convertible | |||||||||||
| translation | notes | |||||||||||
| gain (loss) | receivables | Total | ||||||||||
| Balance May 31, 2022 | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||||
| Other comprehensive loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Balance August 31, 2022 | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||
| Other comprehensive loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Balance November 30, 2022 | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||
| Other comprehensive (loss) reversal | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Balance February 28, 2023 | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||
| Balance May 31, 2023 | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||
| Other comprehensive loss | ||||||||||||
| Balance August 31, 2023 | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||
| Other comprehensive loss | ||||||||||||
| Balance November 30, 2023 | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||
| Other comprehensive loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Balance February 29, 2024 | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||
Note 17. Non-controlling interests
The following tables summarize the information relating to the Company’s subsidiaries, SH Acquisition (
Summary of balance sheet information of the entities in which there is a non-controlling interest as of February 29, 2024:
| SH | CC Pharma | Aphria | ColCanna | February 29, | ||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition | Nordic ApS | Diamond | S.A.S. | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Current assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Non-current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Non-current liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Net assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||
Summary of balance sheet information of the entities there is a non-controlling interest as of May 31, 2023:
| SH | CC Pharma | Aphria | ColCanna | May 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition | Nordic ApS | Diamond | S.A.S. | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| Current assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Non-current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Non-current liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Net assets | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||
Summary of income statement information of the entities in which there is a non-controlling interest for the nine months ended February 29, 2024:
| SH | CC Pharma | Aphria | ColCanna | February 29, | ||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition | Nordic ApS | Diamond | S.A.S. | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss) income | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Net comprehensive (loss) income | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||
| Non-controlling interest % | % | % | % | % | NA | |||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to NCI | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Additional income attributable to NCI | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net comprehensive (loss) income attributable to NCI | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||
Summary of income statement information of the entities in which there is a non-controlling interest for the nine months ended February 28, 2023:
| SH | CC Pharma | Aphria | ColCanna | February 28, | ||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition | Nordic ApS | Diamond | S.A.S. | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss) income | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Net comprehensive (loss) income | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||||||
| Non-controlling interest % | % | % | % | % | NA | |||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to NCI | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Additional income attributable to NCI | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net comprehensive (loss) income attributable to NCI | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||
On January 5, 2024, Aphria Inc. (“Aphria”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into an Amended and Restated Wholesale Cannabis Supply Agreement (the “Supply Agreement”) with 1974568 Ontario Limited (“Aphria Diamond”), Aphria’s joint venture with Double Diamond Holdings Ltd. The Supply Agreement amended and restated the existing supply agreement, effective as of September 1, 2023, and amended certain terms relating to pricing and product classes. Due to the terms stipulated in the Supply Agreement, the reduced transfer price will lead to a decrease in income attributable to non-controlling interest over the duration of the agreement. If this agreement had been effective June 1, 2023, the Company would have recognized approximately $
Note 18. Income taxes
The determination of the Company’s overall effective tax rate requires significant judgment, the use of estimates, and the interpretation and application of complex tax laws. The effective tax rate reflects the income earned and taxed in various United States federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions. Tax law changes, increases, and decreases in temporary and permanent differences between book and tax items, valuation allowances against the deferred tax assets, stock compensation, and the Company’s change in income in each jurisdiction all affect the overall effective tax rate. It is the Company’s practice to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense.
The Company reported income tax (recovery) expense of $(
Note 19. Commitments and contingencies
Purchase and other commitments
The Company has payments on long-term debt, refer to Note 12 (Long-term debt), convertible notes, refer to Note 13 (Convertible debentures payable), material purchase commitments and construction commitments as follows:
| Total | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | Thereafter | |||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt repayment | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible debentures payable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Material purchase obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction commitments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Legal proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, we are at times subject to various legal proceedings and disputes, including the proceedings specifically discussed below. We assess our liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal proceedings utilizing the latest information available. Where it is probable that we will incur a loss and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record a liability in our consolidated financial statements. These legal reserves may be increased or decreased to reflect any relevant developments on a quarterly basis. Where a loss is not probable or the amount of loss is not estimable, we do not accrue legal reserves. While the outcome of legal proceedings is inherently uncertain, based on information currently available and available insurance coverage, our management believes that it has established appropriate legal reserves. Any incremental liabilities arising from pending legal proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, consolidated results of operations, or consolidated cash flows. However, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of these matters, if unfavorable, may be material to our consolidated financial position, consolidated results of operations, or consolidated cash flows.
There have been no material changes from the legal proceedings since our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023, except with respect to certain aspects of the legal proceedings disclosed below:
420 Investments Ltd. Litigation
On February 21, 2020, 420 Investments Ltd., as Plaintiff (“420 Investments”), filed a lawsuit against Tilray Brands, Inc. and High Park Shops Inc. as Defendants, in Calgary, Alberta in the Court of Queen’s Bench of Alberta. In August 2019, Tilray and High Park entered into an Arrangement Agreement with 420 Investments and others (the “420 Arrangement Agreement”). Pursuant to the 420 Arrangement Agreement, High Park was to acquire the securities of 420 Investments. In February 2020, Tilray and High Park gave notice of termination of the 420 Agreement due to 420 Investment’s breach and failure to satisfy certain conditions precedent. 420 Investments alleges that the termination was unlawful and without merit and further alleges that the Defendants had no legal basis to terminate. 420 Investment seeks damages in the stated amount of plus in aggravated damages. Discoveries are continuing in this litigation proceeding. Tilray and High Park deny the Plaintiff’s allegations and intend to continue to vigorously defend this litigation matter, although there can be no assurance as to its outcome.
In February 2023, Tilray and High Park filed an Application for Summary Judgment to collect an unpaid bridge loan made to 420 Investments on August 28, 2019. That debt was repayable in March 2020, but was never repaid by 420 Investments. On February 8, 2024, the Court granted Tilray and High Park’s summary judgment application, holding that Tilray and High Park were entitled to be paid the full amount of the bridge loan, see Note 22 (General and administrative expenses), plus on-going interest and costs. Tilray intends to pursue full collection of this judgment as it continues to defend the main proceedings regarding termination of the 420 Arrangement Agreement.
Cannfections Group Inc. / High Park Farms Ltd. (Canada, Commercial Arbitration).
On December 2, 2022 Cannfections Group Inc. (“Cannfections”), a joint venture that is
On April 5, 2024, HP Farms commenced a voluntary assignment in bankruptcy, naming B. Riley Farber as its licensed insolvency trustee. HP Farms’ bankruptcy filing is limited solely to HP Farms, and neither Tilray nor any of its affiliates are petitioners or parties to the HP Farms bankruptcy filing. As a result of this bankruptcy filing, the Company recognized $4,638 for a decrease in value of the equity investee during the three months ended February 29, 2024. The Company does not expect that there will be any further impact to the Company’s financial statements. HP Farms determined to commence bankruptcy proceedings given it ceased all active operations following closure of the Enniskillen facility and the termination of its supply agreement with Cannfections. The purpose of the bankruptcy filing is to ensure the orderly liquidation and wind-up of HP Farms’ remaining assets and liabilities. See Note 24 (Non-operating income (expense)).
Summary of litigation accruals
As described in Note 11 (Accounts payable and accrued liabilities), the total litigation expense accrual included in accrued liabilities as of February 29, 2024 was $
Note 20. Net revenue
The Company reports its net revenue in reporting segments: beverage alcohol, cannabis, distribution, and wellness.
Net revenue is comprised of:
| For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Beverage alcohol revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Beverage alcohol excise taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Net beverage alcohol revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Cannabis revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Cannabis excise taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Net cannabis revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Distribution revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Wellness revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Note 21. Cost of goods sold
Cost of goods sold is comprised of:
| For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Beverage alcohol costs | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Cannabis costs | ||||||||||||||||
| Distribution costs | ||||||||||||||||
| Wellness costs | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Note 22. General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses are comprised of:
| For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Executive compensation | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Office and general | ||||||||||||||||
| Salaries and wages | ||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | ||||||||||||||||
| Insurance | ||||||||||||||||
| Professional fees | ||||||||||||||||
| (Gain) loss on sale of capital assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Travel and accommodation | ||||||||||||||||
| Rent | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Included in office and general is $
Note 23. Restructuring charges
In connection with the execution of our acquisition strategy and strategic transactions, the Company has incurred restructuring and exit costs associated with the integration efforts of these non-recurring transactions. The Company recognized $
Within the Cannabis reporting unit, three restructuring plans have been initiated as follows; HEXO acquisition related charges which is expected to take place within 24 months from the acquisition date, Truss acquisition related charges which is expected to take place within 18 months from the acquisition date and the Canadian business cost reduction plan, which concluded during the last quarter. In the nine months ended February 29, 2024, the following expenses were recognized, $
Within the distribution reporting unit, the Company continued to execute on a cost optimization plan during the
For the three and nine months ended February 28, 2023, the Company recognized $
Note 24. Non-operating income (expense)
Non-operating income (expense) is comprised of:
| For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of convertible debenture payable | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange loss (gain) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Loss on long-term investments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Other non-operating (losses) gains, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Total | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||
Included in other non-operating (losses) gains, net for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, are losses of $(
Note 25. Fair value measurements
Financial instruments
The Company has classified its financial instruments as described in Note 3 Significant accounting policies in our Annual Financial Statements.
The carrying values of marketable securities, accounts receivable, bank indebtedness and accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair values due to their short periods to maturity.
At February 29, 2024 and May 31, 2023 the Company had long-term debt of $
The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of February 29, 2024 and May 31, 2023 and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
| February 29, | ||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| Financial assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Marketable securities | ||||||||||||||||
| Convertible notes receivable | ||||||||||||||||
| Equity investments measured at fair value | ||||||||||||||||
| Financial liabilities | ||||||||||||||||
| Warrant liability | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Contingent consideration | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| APHA 24 Convertible debenture | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Total recurring fair value measurements | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| May 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Financial assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Marketable Securities | ||||||||||||||||
| Convertible notes receivable | ||||||||||||||||
| Equity investments measured at fair value | ||||||||||||||||
| Financial liabilities | ||||||||||||||||
| Warrant liability | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Contingent consideration | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| APHA 24 Convertible debenture | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Total recurring fair value measurements | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
The Company’s financial assets and liabilities required to be measured on a recurring basis are its convertible notes receivable, equity investments measured at fair value, convertible debentures measured at fair value, acquisition-related contingent consideration, and warrant liability.
Convertible notes receivable and long-term investments are recorded at fair value. The estimated fair value is determined using the Black Scholes option pricing model, probability of legalization and is classified as Level 3.
Convertible debentures payable are recorded at fair value when elected or required under US GAAP. Specifically, the APHA 24 instrument's estimated fair value is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and is classified as Level 3.
Certain equity investments recorded at fair value have quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and are classified as Level 1. The Company classified securities with observable inputs as Level 2 and without a quoted market price as Level 3.
The warrants associated with the warrant liability are classified as Level 3 derivatives. Consequently, the estimated fair value of the warrant liability is determined using the Black-Scholes pricing model. Until the warrants are exercised, expire, or other facts and circumstances lead the warrant liability to be reclassified to stockholders’ equity, the warrant liability (which relates to warrants to purchase shares of common stock) is marked-to-market each reporting period with the change in fair value recorded in change in fair value of warrant liability. Any significant adjustments to the unobservable inputs disclosed in the table below would have a direct impact on the fair value of the warrant liability.
The contingent consideration from the acquisition of Montauk due in December 2025, and upon the triggering event if met, and are payable in cash, was determined by discounting future expected cash outflows at a discount rate of
The balances of assets and liabilities categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy measured at fair value on a recurring basis are reconciled, as follows:
| APHA 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible | Equity | Warrant | Contingent | Convertible | ||||||||||||||||
| notes receivable | Investments | Liability | Consideration | Debt | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, May 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ) | $ | ) | $ | ) | ||||||||||||
| Additions/(Repayments) | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Redemption | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value | ) | ) | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Impairments | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, February 29, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||
The unrealized gain (loss) on fair value for the convertible debenture, the warrant liability, contingent consideration, and debt securities classified under available-for-sale method is recognized in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss using the following inputs:
| Significant | |||||||
| Valuation | unobservable | ||||||
| Financial asset / financial liability | technique | input | Inputs | ||||
| APHA Convertible debentures | Black-Scholes | Volatility, | | ||||
| expected life (in years) | | ||||||
| Warrant liability | Black-Scholes | Volatility, | | ||||
| expected life (in years) | | ||||||
| Contingent consideration | Discounted cash flows | Discount rate, | % | ||||
| achievement | |
Items measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis
The Company's prepaids and other current assets, long lived assets, including property and equipment, goodwill and intangible assets are measured at fair value when there is an indicator of impairment and are recorded at fair value only when an impairment charge is recognized.
Management reviews its capital management approach on an ongoing basis and believes that this approach, given the relative size of the Company, is reasonable. There have been no changes to the Company’s capital management approach in the period. The Company considers its cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities as capital.
Note 26. Segment reporting
Information reported to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) for the purpose of resource allocation and assessment of segment performance focuses on the nature of the operations. The Company operates in reportable segments: (1) beverage alcohol operations, which encompasses the production, marketing and sale of beverage and beverage alcohol products, (2) cannabis operations, which encompasses the production, distribution, sale, co-manufacturing and advisory services of both medical and adult-use cannabis, (3) distribution operations, which encompasses the purchase and resale of pharmaceuticals products to wholesale and pharmacy customers, and (4) wellness products, which encompasses hemp foods and hemp-based cannabidiol (“CBD”) consumer products. This structure is in line with how our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) assesses our performance and allocates resources.
Operating segments have not been aggregated and no asset information is provided for the segments because the Company’s CODM does not receive asset information by segment on a regular basis.
Segment gross profit from external customers:
| For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Beverage alcohol | ||||||||||||||||
| Net beverage alcohol revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Beverage alcohol costs | ||||||||||||||||
| Beverage alcohol gross profit | ||||||||||||||||
| Cannabis | ||||||||||||||||
| Net cannabis revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Cannabis costs | ||||||||||||||||
| Cannabis gross profit (loss) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Distribution | ||||||||||||||||
| Distribution revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Distribution costs | ||||||||||||||||
| Distribution gross profit | ||||||||||||||||
| Wellness | ||||||||||||||||
| Wellness revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Wellness costs | ||||||||||||||||
| Wellness gross profit | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Channels of Cannabis revenue were as follows:
| For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Revenue from Canadian medical cannabis | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Revenue from Canadian adult-use cannabis | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from wholesale cannabis | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from international cannabis | ||||||||||||||||
| Less excise taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
On July 12, 2022, Tilray acquired the HEXO Convertible Note from HTI and also entered into a strategic alliance with HEXO Corp. (“HEXO”) as discussed in Note 8 (Convertible notes receivable) and Note 13 (Convertible debentures payable). In addition, the Company and HEXO entered into various commercial transaction agreements. On June 22, 2023, the Company completed the HEXO Acquisition as described in Note 7 (Business acquisitions), and thus these commercial arrangements were terminated and HEXO's financial results were consolidated in the current period results.
Included in revenue from Canadian adult-use cannabis is and $
Geographic net revenue:
| For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| North America | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| EMEA | ||||||||||||||||
| Rest of World | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Geographic capital assets:
| February 29, | May 31, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| North America | $ | $ | ||||||
| EMEA | ||||||||
| Rest of World | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
Major customers are defined as customers that are materially significant to the Company’s annual revenues. For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 and 2023, there were major customers representing a material contribution to our quarterly revenues.
Note 27. Subsequent Events
On April 9, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement to exchange $
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes thereto for the period ended February 29, 2024 contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023, as well as in conjunction with the sections entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023 and in the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Forward looking statements in this Form 10-Q are qualified by the cautionary statement included in this Form 10-Q under the sub-heading “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in the introduction of this Form 10-Q.
Company Overview
We are a leading global cannabis-lifestyle and consumer products company headquartered in Leamington and New York, with operations in Canada, the United States, Europe, Australia, and Latin America that is changing people’s lives for the better – one person at a time – by inspiring and empowering a worldwide community to live their very best life, enhanced by moments of connection and wellbeing. Tilray’s mission is to be the most responsible, trusted and market leading cannabis and consumer products company in the world with a portfolio of innovative, high-quality and beloved brands that address the needs of the consumers, customers and patients we serve.
Our overall strategy is to leverage our brands, infrastructure, expertise and capabilities to drive market share in the industries in which we compete, achieve industry-leading, profitable growth and build sustainable, long-term shareholder value. In order to ensure the long-term sustainable growth of our Company, we continue to focus on developing strong capabilities in consumer insights, drive category management leadership and assess growth opportunities with the introduction of new products and entries into new geographies. In addition, we are relentlessly focused on managing our cost of goods and expenses in order to maintain our strong financial position.
Trends and Other Factors Affecting Our Business
Beverage alcohol market trends:
The U.S. beverage alcohol category is approximately a $180 billion category per AKI Technologies encompassing beer, wine, and spirits and continues to maintain annual growth of 2% amidst shifting consumer trends, especially within the craft industry. Several key trends we expect to shape the near-term outlook for our results in this segment are in two main categories; beer and spirts:
| - | Beverage Alcohol Distribution. In alignment with our strategic vision, we have reevaluated and initiated a refined craft beer strategy focused on enhancing our relevance within home markets. Through targeted efforts, we've bolstered our distribution footprint, adding approximately 1,000 points of distribution during the third quarter ended February 29, 2024. This expansion has notably increased product availability, enabling us to effectively engage with a broader yet more targeted consumer base and drive sales growth. |
| - | Market share. Despite a challenging environment marked by a 1.9% decline in the US Craft beer industry according to Circana, the Company’s beer category has showcased resilience in our home markets. While our overall performance trended softer due to stronger than anticipated impacts from "Dry January", our emphasis on regional market penetration yielded promising results. Notably, our legacy and acquired brands demonstrated robust performance in their respective regional strongholds, showcasing significant market share gains. |
| - | Innovation. Recognizing the evolving consumer landscape and the burgeoning demand for alternative beverage options, we have prioritized innovation and portfolio diversification. Our recent endeavors include expanding 10 Barrel's Pub Line to introduce Pub Ice FMB and Pub Cerveza, alongside the launch of Shock Top Mango and Blueberry variants. These strategic innovations underscore our commitment to offering high-quality options across diverse beverage categories, positioning us for sustained growth and differentiation in the competitive beverage alcohol segment. |
In the spirits category, Breckenridge Distillery stands out as a beacon within the bourbon industry, making notable strides in vodka and gin markets while offering a comprehensive hospitality experience through its world-class restaurant and retail location. Our primary growth objective centers on expanding market share across the United States. To fuel future expansion, we prioritize showcasing our exceptional product quality and introducing innovative new offerings. Recent accolades, including Double Gold awards at prestigious competitions and strategic product placements, we believe underscore our brand's growing recognition and appeal. Despite prevailing challenges within the overall spirits market, our focus on whiskey—a resilient segment— we believe positions us for continued growth fueled by innovative product introductions and expanded market presence.
Canadian cannabis market trends:
The cannabis industry in Canada continues to evolve at a rapid pace given how nascent the industry is with federal legalization of adult-use cannabis occurring just over five years ago. Through analysis of the current market conditions, the following key trends have emerged and are anticipated to influence the near-term future in the Canadian cannabis industry:
| - |
Market share. Tilray continues to maintain its market leadership position in Canada. However, during the quarter, we experienced a marginal dip in market share in Canada from 12.5% to 11.6% from the immediately preceding quarter, as reported by Hifyre data for all provinces excluding Quebec where Weedcrawler was deemed more accurate. While our market share has increased from the prior year comparison as a result of the strategic acquisitions of HEXO and Truss, the current period decrease reflects the seasonal change in consumer's form factor preferences out of areas we specialize in. |
| - |
Price compression. Historical price compression persists in the market, intensified by fierce competition among the approximately 1,200 Licensed Producers in Canada. Despite increased sales volume, year-over-year price compression has adversely impacted revenue by approximately $3.1 million and $9.8 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, influencing both cannabis gross margin and the bottom line. The fixed impact of excise per gram, notwithstanding the decline in average selling prices, further compounds these challenges, prompting ongoing industry lobbying efforts. The Expert Panel, appointed to review the Cannabis Act legislation, recently recommended a review of the excise tax framework and we expect the government to carefully consider changes to reduce the tax burden on licensed producers. |
| - |
Timing difference in recognizing synergized operating results. We have sought out and will continue to seek out potential acquisitions that are accretive to revenue and earnings. During the course of our evaluation and due diligence, we assess and validate profitability as well as potential synergies to drive additional profitability. Given that the vast majority of synergies are realized during the integration phase of the transaction, these saving are not realized immediately after the closing of a transaction. We are in the process of integrating our recently acquired HEXO and Truss and have identified $27 million of synergies. Once we have achieved the identified synergies, we expect our the profitability of our operating results to increase. In addition, we have evaluated our facilities and have identified cost reductions associated with selling our Quebec cultivation facility and reducing our outdoor grow. |
Current developments related to the Excise Tax Act:
It has recently been reported that Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) has taken steps to garnish payments due to Canadian Licensed Producers (LPs), who have failed to pay their Excise Tax in full in a timely manner. The reported garnishments by CRA were quickly followed by at least 2 LPs filing for insolvency protection. We view CRA's proactiveness on account collection as a positive step towards the consolidation of the Canadian cannabis industry. As at the date of this filing we are current with CRA on Excise Taxes owed by all of our Canadian entities that are required to pay Excise Taxes.
It has been reported that the Standing Committee of the Finance Committee has recommended to Canada’s Finance Minister that the current excise tax regime be replaced with a 10% ad valorem tax regime. If the Canadian government takes this step and we encourage the various Provincial governments to resist replacing this 10% ad valorem tax regime with their own, to claim any portion of this savings as additional profit by their respective Cannabis boards, or to require the savings be passed directly to consumers, as a means to strengthening the Canadian cannabis industry.
International cannabis market updates:
The cannabis industry in Europe is in its early stages of development whereby countries within Europe are at different stages of legalization of medical and adult-use cannabis as some countries have expressed a clear political ambition to legalize adult-use cannabis (Germany, Portugal, Luxembourg and Czech Republic), some are engaging in an experiment for adult-use (Germany, Netherlands and Switzerland) and some are debating regulations for cannabinoid-based medicine (France and Spain). In Europe, we believe that, despite continuing recessionary economic conditions and the Russian conflict with Ukraine, cannabis legalization (both medicinal and adult-use) will continue to gain traction albeit more slowly than originally expected. This is evidenced by the recently adopted cannabis regulations in Germany, which we believe will serve as a catalyst for continued changes in drug policy throughout Europe. We also continue to believe that Tilray remains uniquely positioned to maintain and gain significant market share in these markets with our vertically-integrated infrastructure and well-placed investments, which is comprised of two EU-GMP cultivation facilities within Europe located in Portugal and Germany, our distribution network and our demonstrated commitment to the availability, quality and safety of our cannabinoid-based medical products.
The following is a summary of the state of cannabis legalization within Europe:
Germany. Today, Germany remains the largest medical cannabis market in Europe.
Subsequent to the end of our third quarter, the Cannabis Act, consisting of two parts, the CanG and MedCanG, passed both chambers of the German parliament, was signed into law by the Office of the Federal President and decriminalization and MedCanG portions of the Cannabis Act became effective on April 1, 2024. It is expected that the licensing process for the cannabis social clubs will become effective on July 1, 2024.
The MedCanG provides for several important medical cannabis reforms including the abolishment of the tender for domestic production, which will be replaced with a regular licensing scheme under the authority of the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (the “BfArM”) as well as for the reclassification of medical cannabis from a narcotic to non-narcotic. These reforms will provide medical cannabis patients with enhanced accessibility to medical cannabis as it will allow for it to be prescribed via a normal prescription instead of a narcotic prescription, and will ease the reporting and storing requirements for pharmacies and distributors.
We expect to see the cornerstone framework for the Pillar Two Regulations governing the model projects after the implementation of the Cannabis Act.
We continue to believe that Tilray is well-positioned in Germany, especially in light of the enactment of MedCanG and given that we are one of only three manufacturers of medical cannabis in Germany as our wholly owned subsidiary, Aphria RX, was awarded the tender for the cultivation of medical cannabis in Germany by the BfArM. With the abolishment of the tender, we will seek to obtain a license for our state-of-the-art facility in Neumünster, which will improve our ability to more adequately meets the needs of patients. We further believe that the reclassification of medical cannabis as a non-narcotic provides Tilray with a larger market opportunity.
Switzerland. In October 2021, Switzerland announced its intention to legalize cannabis by allowing production, cultivation, trade, and consumption, and in the meantime, it is commencing pilot projects in various cities, which permits selected participants to purchase cannabis for adult-use in various pharmacies in order to conduct studies on the cannabis market and its impact on Swiss society. It is the first trial for the legal distribution of adult-use cannabis containing THC in Europe. Switzerland is currently running trials in the cities of Lausanne, Zürich, Liestal, Allschwil, Bern, Bienne, and Lucerne, along with the cantons of Basel-Stadt and Geneva. On March 18, 2024, Switzerland announced a new pilot study in the district of canton Zürich, which is expected to be the largest.
Spain. In February 2024, Spain’s Ministry of Health announced that it had started the process to develop a Royal Decree with which it plans to approve the regulation of medical cannabis. In addition, it launched a public consultation on its proposals for a medical cannabis framework in the country and provided organizations and individual with the opportunity to submit their comments.
France. France launched a two-year pilot experiment to supply approximately 3,000 patients with medical cannabis. To date, over 2,500 patients are enrolled in the experiment, which has been extended for another year and was targeted to end March 2024. Patients who have taken part in the pilot before March 27, 2024, can continue their treatment as previously, but no new patients will be allowed to join the pilot. In October 2023, the government proposed an amendment to the Social Security Financing Bill (PLFSS) adding medical cannabis law to France's general medical framework. Under the new proposals, medical cannabis products will be granted a "temporary authorization" for five years, with a possibility of indefinite renewals. In addition, the French National Medicines Safety Agency (ANSM) recently confirmed that cannabis flower will not be included in its generalized medical marijuana program.
Czech Republic. The Czech Republic has discussed plans to launch a fully regulated adult-use cannabis market. It is understood that there are two separate versions of a bill to legalize adult-use cannabis, one with a fully regulated commercial market and one without. These are expected to be submitted to the Czech government to determine which model it will pursue.
Malta. In 2021, became the first country in the European Union to legalize personal possession of the drug and permit private “cannabis clubs,” where members can grow and share the drug.
Netherlands. The Netherlands launched a pilot program involving the cultivation of cannabis for adult-use. The purpose of the experiment is to determine whether and how controlled cannabis can be legally supplied to coffeeshops and what the effects of this would be. During the experiment, legally produced cannabis will be sold in coffeeshops in 10 municipalities. Coffeeshops in these municipalities may only sell legally produced cannabis. The term of the experiment is set for four years. On March 5, 2024, the Tweede Kamer, the lower house of Parliament, rejected the bill that aimed to include Amsterdam in the pilot project.
Ukraine. In February 2024, President Zelensky signed the legislation permitting the prescription of cannabis-based medicines for conditions including pain, cancer and PTSD. It is expected that, over the next six months, Ukraine’s ministries will outline legislation allowing for the importation of cannabis-based medicines into Ukraine, as well as the domestic cultivation of medical cannabis.
Wellness market trends:
Manitoba Harvest’s branded hemp business continued to expand its U.S. and Canadian leading market share position during the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, with consumption up in both the Natural and Conventional Channels, with the brands top five customers all seeing growth. The Company continues to focus on value-added innovation within the wellness and food beverage space, with the launch of Bio-Active Fiber and protein rich Oatmeal coming to market during the three months ended February 29, 2024. In addition, during the later half of the quarter we relaunched HiBall energy drinks within the wellness beverages space to complement our recent Happy Flower CBD beverage launch.
Acquisitions, Strategic Transactions and Synergies
We strive to continue to expand our business on a consolidated basis, through a combination of organic growth and acquisition. While we continue to execute against our strategic initiatives that we believe will result in the long-term, sustainable growth and value to our stockholders, we continue to evaluate potential acquisitions and other strategic transactions of businesses that we believe complement our existing portfolio, infrastructure and capabilities or provide us with the opportunity to enter attractive new geographic markets and product categories as well as expand our existing capabilities. In addition, we have exited certain businesses and continue to evaluate certain businesses within our portfolio that are dilutive to profitability and cash flow. As a result, we incur transaction costs in connection with identifying and completing acquisitions and strategic transactions, as well as ongoing integration costs as we combine acquired companies and continue to achieve synergies, which is offset by income generated in connection with the execution of these transactions. For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, we incurred $3.5 million and $13.1 million of transaction expenses, discussed further below.
Our acquisition strategy has had a material impact on the Company’s results in the current quarter and we expect will continue into future periods, generating accretive impacts for our stockholders. A summary of their impacts are as follows:
| ● |
HEXO acquisition: |
On June 22, 2023, Tilray acquired HEXO Corp. (“HEXO”) as discussed in Note 7 (Business acquisitions). With the HEXO Acquisition, Tilray initially expected to achieve additional cost savings of $27 million on an annualized pre-tax basis and has subsequently increased this target to between $30 to $35 million. These synergies will be realized across production, sales, marketing, distribution, and corporate savings, with incremental upside resulting from consolidating packaging, procurement, freight, logistics in addition to our facility rationalization in Quebec. This builds on Tilray’s substantial progress optimizing its Canadian cannabis operations discussed below. During the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, we have achieved $27.5 million of our synergy plan on an annualized run-rate basis, of which $15.6 million represented actual cost savings during the period. As discussed in our trends section, these cost savings initiatives take time to implement, resulting in related benefits being realized over time.
| ● |
Craft beverage acquisition: |
On September 29, 2023, Tilray acquired a portfolio of craft beer brands, assets and businesses comprising eight beer and beverage brands from Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC, including breweries and brewpubs associated with them (the “Craft Acquisition”). The acquired businesses include Shock Top, Breckenridge Brewery, Blue Point Brewing Company, 10 Barrel Brewing Company, Redhook Brewery, Widmer Brothers Brewing, Square Mile Cider Company, and HiBall Energy. The details of the acquisition are as described in Note 7 (Business acquisitions). The Craft Acquisition, is expected to be transformational to our beverage alcohol strategy elevating the Company to the 5th largest U.S. Craft Beer market share position from our previous 9th place market share position.
The Company further believes the Craft transaction will be accretive to our adjusted EBITDA, driven by a range of strategic benefits, including:
| - |
An established brand portfolio with a devoted consumer base, coupled with growth potential through integration and expanded capabilities in both alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. | |
| - |
The acquisition encompasses four production facilities and eight brewpub locations, further solidifying our operational presence. |
|
| - |
A reinforced nationwide distribution footprint, propelling Tilray's beer sales volume from four million cases to twelve million, thereby tripling its market reach on a pro forma basis. |
In addition to acquisitions completed above, the Company has also completed the following cost saving strategies during the second quarter which impact results for the nine months ended February 29, 2024:
| ● |
Cannabis business cost reduction plan: |
During the fourth quarter of our fiscal year ended May 31, 2022, the Company launched a $30 million cost optimization plan of our existing cannabis business to solidify our position as an industry leading low-cost producer. As of the date of the conclusion of the plan, we achieved $22.3 million against the plan. The Company now considers this plan fulfilled, owing to a strategic shift in our Cannabis beverage strategy. The Company's original targets involved repurposing our beverage facility; however, this initiative was altered following the Truss acquisition, which required additional capacity from our existing infrastructure.
| ● |
International Cannabis business cost reduction plan: |
During our fiscal year ended May 31, 2023, the Company launched an $8.0 million cost optimization plan for our international cannabis business to adapt to changing market dynamics and slower than anticipated legalization in Europe. As of the date of the conclusion of the plan, we achieved an annualized run-rate basis of $7.6 million of cost savings. The Company concluded this savings plan as of November 30, 2023. Approximately $1.3 million of cost savings identified in connection with the $8.0 million cost optimization plan were associated with a temporary furlough of certain cultivation employees, which did not occur due to an increase in the demand for our medical cannabis products thereby rendering such action not necessary. Additional cost savings were identified in order to offset the unrealized savings associated with the planned furlough.
Political and Economic Environment
Our results of operations can also be affected by economic, political, legislative, regulatory, legal actions, the global volatility and general market disruption resulting from geopolitical tensions, such as Russia's incursion into Ukraine. Economic conditions, such as recessionary trends, inflation, supply chain disruptions, interest and monetary exchange rates, and government fiscal policies, and the recent banking credit crises, can have a significant effect on operations. Accordingly, we could be affected by civil, criminal, environmental, regulatory or administrative actions, claims or proceedings.
Results of Operations
Our consolidated results, in thousands except for per share data, are as follows:
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| February 29, |
February 28, |
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| (in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenue |
$ | 188,340 | $ | 145,589 | $ | 42,751 | 29 | % | $ | 559,060 | $ | 442,936 | $ | 116,124 | 26 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold |
138,944 | 157,288 | (18,344 | ) | (12 | )% | 418,059 | 363,139 | 54,920 | 15 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit (loss) |
49,396 | (11,699 | ) | 61,095 | (522 | )% | 141,001 | 79,797 | 61,204 | 77 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative |
39,940 | 38,999 | 941 | 2 | % | 123,769 | 117,385 | 6,384 | 5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling |
9,995 | 6,452 | 3,543 | 55 | % | 24,437 | 25,792 | (1,355 | ) | (5 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization |
21,558 | 23,518 | (1,960 | ) | (8 | )% | 65,700 | 71,872 | (6,172 | ) | (9 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketing and promotion |
11,191 | 7,354 | 3,837 | 52 | % | 28,934 | 23,137 | 5,797 | 25 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development |
106 | 171 | (65 | ) | (38 | )% | 241 | 502 | (261 | ) | (52 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration |
(5,983 | ) | 352 | (6,335 | ) | (1,800 | )% | (16,790 | ) | 563 | (17,353 | ) | (3,082 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments |
— | 934,000 | (934,000 | ) | (100 | )% | — | 934,000 | (934,000 | ) | (100 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other than temporary change in fair value of convertible notes receivable |
42,681 | 181,376 | (138,695 | ) | (76 | )% | 42,681 | 181,376 | (138,695 | ) | (76 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Litigation costs, net of recoveries |
3,363 | (5,230 | ) | 8,593 | (164 | )% | 8,439 | (1,970 | ) | 10,409 | (528 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring costs |
5,178 | 2,663 | 2,515 | 94 | % | 8,748 | 10,727 | (1,979 | ) | (18 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction costs (income) |
3,465 | 5,382 | (1,917 | ) | (36 | )% | 13,061 | (3,882 | ) | 16,943 | (436 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses |
131,494 | 1,195,037 | (1,063,543 | ) | (89 | )% | 299,220 | 1,359,502 | (1,060,282 | ) | (78 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss |
(82,098 | ) | (1,206,736 | ) | 1,124,638 | (93 | )% | (158,219 | ) | (1,279,705 | ) | 1,121,486 | (88 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net |
(8,517 | ) | (1,040 | ) | (7,477 | ) | 719 | % | (26,977 | ) | (8,560 | ) | (18,417 | ) | 215 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Non-operating (expense) income, net |
(17,239 | ) | 1,213 | (18,452 | ) | (1,521 | )% | (20,820 | ) | (50,229 | ) | 29,409 | (59 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Loss before income taxes |
(107,854 | ) | (1,206,563 | ) | 1,098,709 | (91 | )% | (206,016 | ) | (1,338,494 | ) | 1,132,478 | (85 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense |
(2,871 | ) | (10,811 | ) | 7,940 | (73 | )% | 1,013 | (15,313 | ) | 16,326 | (107 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss |
$ | (104,983 | ) | $ | (1,195,752 | ) | $ | 1,090,769 | (91 | )% | $ | (207,029 | ) | $ | (1,323,181 | ) | $ | 1,116,152 | (84 | )% | ||||||||||||
Use of Non-GAAP Measures
Throughout this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we discuss non-GAAP financial measures, including reference to:
| ● |
adjusted gross profit (excluding purchase price allocation (“PPA”) fair value step up) and inventory valuation adjustments for each reporting segment (Cannabis, Beverage alcohol, distribution and Wellness) as applicable, |
| ● |
adjusted gross margin (excluding purchase price allocation (“PPA”) fair value step up) and inventory valuation adjustments for each reporting segment (Cannabis, Beverage alcohol, distribution and Wellness) as applicable, |
| ● |
adjusted EBITDA, |
| ● |
cash and marketable securities, and |
| ● |
constant currency presentation of net revenue. |
All these non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, and not in lieu of, the financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, ("GAAP"). These measures, which may be different than similarly titled measures used by other companies, are presented to help investors' overall understanding of our financial performance and should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. Please see "Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to GAAP Measures" below for reconciliation of such non-GAAP Measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as well as a discussion of our adjusted gross margin, adjusted gross profit and adjusted EBITDA measures and the calculation of such measures.
Constant Currency Presentation
We believe that this measure provides useful information to investors because it provides transparency to underlying performance in our consolidated net sales by excluding the effect that foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations have on period-to-period comparability given the volatility in foreign currency exchange markets. To present this information for historical periods, current period net sales for entities reporting in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar are translated into U.S. Dollars at the average monthly exchange rates in effect during the corresponding period of the prior fiscal year rather than at the actual average monthly exchange rate in effect during the current period of the current fiscal year. As a result, the foreign currency impact is equal to the current year results in local currencies multiplied by the change in average foreign currency exchange rate between the current fiscal period and the corresponding period of the prior fiscal year.
Cash and Marketable Securities
The Company combines the Cash and cash equivalent financial statement line item and the Marketable securities financial statement line item as an aggregate total as reconciled in the liquidity and capital resource section below. The Company’s management believes that this presentation provides useful information to management, analysts and investors regarding certain additional financial and business trends relating to its short-term liquidity position by combining these three GAAP metrics.
Operating Metrics and Non-GAAP Measures
We use the operating metrics and non-GAAP measures set forth in the table below to evaluate our business and operations, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, project our future performance, and make strategic decisions. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate operating metrics and non-GAAP measures with similar names differently which may reduce their usefulness as comparative measures. Certain variances are labeled as not meaningful ("NM") throughout management's discussion and analysis.
| For the three months ended |
For the nine months ended |
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| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||
| (in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
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| Net beverage alcohol revenue |
$ | 54,688 | $ | 20,640 | $ | 125,355 | $ | 62,689 | ||||||||
| Net cannabis revenue |
63,432 | 47,549 | 200,879 | 156,017 | ||||||||||||
| Distribution revenue |
56,794 | 65,385 | 193,174 | 186,158 | ||||||||||||
| Wellness revenue |
13,426 | 12,015 | 39,652 | 38,072 | ||||||||||||
| Beverage alcohol costs |
35,836 | 10,663 | 77,615 | 32,932 | ||||||||||||
| Cannabis costs |
42,518 | 80,362 | 139,507 | 137,800 | ||||||||||||
| Distribution costs |
51,231 | 57,964 | 172,846 | 165,443 | ||||||||||||
| Wellness costs |
9,359 | 8,299 | 28,091 | 26,964 | ||||||||||||
| Adjusted gross profit (excluding PPA step-up) (1) |
51,643 | 44,310 | 153,055 | 138,020 | ||||||||||||
| Beverage alcohol adjusted gross margin (excluding PPA step-up) (1) |
38 | % | 53 | % | 42 | % | 53 | % | ||||||||
| Cannabis adjusted gross margin (excluding PPA step-up) (1) |
33 | % | 47 | % | 34 | % | 47 | % | ||||||||
| Distribution gross margin |
10 | % | 11 | % | 11 | % | 11 | % | ||||||||
| Wellness gross margin |
30 | % | 31 | % | 29 | % | 29 | % | ||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA (1) |
$ | 10,154 | $ | 13,315 | 30,974 | $ | 37,154 | |||||||||
| Cash and marketable securities (1) as at the period ended: |
225,858 | 408,283 | 225,858 | 408,283 | ||||||||||||
| Working capital as at the period ended: |
$ | 302,111 | $ | 288,830 | $ | 302,111 | $ | 288,830 | ||||||||
(1) Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted gross profit (excluding PPA step-up) and adjusted gross margin (excluding PPA step-up) and inventory valuation adjustments for each of our segments, and cash and marketable securities are non-GAAP financial measures. See “Use of Non-GAAP Measures” above for a discussion of these Non-GAAP measures and “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to GAAP Measures” below for a reconciliation of these Non-GAAP Measures to our most comparable GAAP measure.
Segment Reporting
Our reporting segments revenue is comprised of revenues from our beverage alcohol, cannabis, distribution, and wellness operations, as follows:
| For the three months ended |
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| February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beverage alcohol business |
$ | 54,688 | $ | 20,640 | $ | 34,048 | 165 | % | $ | 125,355 | $ | 62,689 | $ | 62,666 | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Cannabis business |
63,432 | 47,549 | 15,883 | 33 | % | 200,879 | 156,017 | 44,862 | 29 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution business |
56,794 | 65,385 | (8,591 | ) | (13 | )% | 193,174 | 186,158 | 7,016 | 4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Wellness business |
13,426 | 12,015 | 1,411 | 12 | % | 39,652 | 38,072 | 1,580 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue |
$ | 188,340 | $ | 145,589 | $ | 42,751 | 29 | % | $ | 559,060 | $ | 442,936 | $ | 116,124 | 26 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Our reporting segments revenue using a constant currency(1) are as follows:
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| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| as reported in constant currency |
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as reported in constant currency |
Change |
% Change |
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| (in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
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| Beverage alcohol business |
$ | 54,688 | $ | 20,640 | $ | 34,048 | 165 | % | $ | 125,355 | $ | 62,689 | $ | 62,666 | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Cannabis business |
63,436 | 47,549 | 15,887 | 33 | % | 202,186 | 156,017 | 46,169 | 30 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution business |
59,008 | 65,385 | (6,377 | ) | (10 | )% | 190,462 | 186,158 | 4,304 | 2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Wellness business |
13,381 | 12,015 | 1,366 | 11 | % | 39,844 | 38,072 | 1,772 | 5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue |
$ | 190,513 | $ | 145,589 | $ | 44,924 | 31 | % | $ | 557,847 | $ | 442,936 | $ | 114,911 | 26 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Our geographic revenue is as follows:
| For the three months ended |
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| February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
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| North America |
$ | 117,524 | $ | 70,463 | $ | 47,061 | 67 | % | $ | 325,664 | $ | 228,866 | $ | 96,798 | 42 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| EMEA |
67,143 | 71,111 | (3,968 | ) | (6 | )% | 222,139 | 199,867 | 22,272 | 11 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Rest of World |
3,673 | 4,015 | (342 | ) | (9 | )% | 11,257 | 14,203 | (2,946 | ) | (21 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue |
$ | 188,340 | $ | 145,589 | $ | 42,751 | 29 | % | $ | 559,060 | $ | 442,936 | $ | 116,124 | 26 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Our geographic revenue using a constant currency(1) is as follows:
| For the three months ended |
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| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| as reported in constant currency |
Change |
% Change |
as reported in constant currency |
Change |
% Change |
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| (in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America |
$ | 117,091 | $ | 70,463 | $ | 46,628 | 66 | % | $ | 327,734 | $ | 228,866 | $ | 98,868 | 43 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| EMEA |
66,139 | 71,111 | (4,972 | ) | (7 | )% | 211,384 | 199,867 | 11,517 | 6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Rest of World |
7,283 | 4,015 | 3,268 | 81 | % | 18,729 | 14,203 | 4,526 | 32 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue |
$ | 190,513 | $ | 145,589 | $ | 44,924 | 31 | % | $ | 557,847 | $ | 442,936 | $ | 114,911 | 26 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Our geographic capital assets are as follows:
| February 29, |
May 31, |
Change |
% Change |
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| (in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
|||||||||||||
| North America |
$ | 473,779 | $ | 319,173 | $ | 154,606 | 48 | % | ||||||||
| EMEA |
101,271 | 107,131 | (5,860 | ) | (5 | )% | ||||||||||
| Rest of World |
3,733 | 3,363 | 370 | 11 | % | |||||||||||
| Total capital assets |
$ | 578,783 | $ | 429,667 | $ | 149,116 | 35 | % | ||||||||
Beverage alcohol revenue
Revenue from our Beverage alcohol operations increased to $54.7 million and $125.4 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, compared to revenue of $20.6 million and $62.7 million for the prior year period. The increase observed during both the three and nine-month periods can be predominantly attributed to our recent acquisitions, particularly the newly integrated Craft Acquisition brands finalized on September 29, 2023. Specifically, the three-month increase is solely driven by the performance of these newly acquired brands, while our legacy brands have maintained consistent performance throughout the period. Furthermore, the nine-month period increase was also influenced by the newly acquired brands and by the organic growth of 9% in our legacy brand portfolio. The Company anticipates that revenue will increase for both acquired and legacy brands through our continued focus on expanding distribution points. Lastly during the three month period, the Company received a volume commitment reimbursement of $2.5 million in our spirits business which positively impacted gross margin.
Cannabis revenue
Cannabis revenue based on market channel is as follows:
| For the three months ended |
For the nine months ended |
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| February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands of US dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
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| Revenue from Canadian medical cannabis |
$ | 6,363 | $ | 6,035 | $ | 328 | 5 | % | $ | 18,793 | $ | 18,920 | $ | (127 | ) | (1 | )% | |||||||||||||||
| Revenue from Canadian adult-use cannabis |
62,107 | 45,318 | 16,789 | 37 | % | 205,350 | 156,063 | 49,287 | 32 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from wholesale cannabis |
2,764 | 58 | 2,706 | 4,666 | % | 12,348 | 686 | 11,662 | 1,700 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from international cannabis |
14,002 | 9,707 | 4,295 | 44 | % | 40,185 | 27,834 | 12,351 | 44 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cannabis revenue |
85,236 | 61,118 | 24,118 | 39 | % | 276,676 | 203,503 | 73,173 | 36 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Excise taxes |
(21,804 | ) | (13,569 | ) | (8,235 | ) | 61 | % | (75,797 | ) | (47,486 | ) | (28,311 | ) | 60 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Total cannabis net revenue |
$ | 63,432 | $ | 47,549 | $ | 15,883 | 33 | % | $ | 200,879 | $ | 156,017 | $ | 44,862 | 29 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Cannabis revenue based on market channel using a constant currency(1) is as follows:
| For the three months ended |
For the nine months ended |
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| February 29, | February 28, | February 29, | February 28, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| as reported in constant currency |
Change |
% Change |
as reported in constant currency |
Change |
% Change |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands of US dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from Canadian medical cannabis |
$ | 6,307 | $ | 6,035 | $ | 272 | 5 | % | $ | 18,994 | $ | 18,920 | $ | 74 | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from Canadian adult-use cannabis |
61,576 | 45,318 | 16,258 | 36 | % | 207,708 | 156,063 | 51,645 | 33 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from wholesale cannabis |
2,763 | 58 | 2,705 | 4,664 | % | 12,559 | 686 | 11,873 | 1,731 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from international cannabis |
14,390 | 9,707 | 4,683 | 48 | % | 39,609 | 27,834 | 11,775 | 42 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cannabis revenue |
85,036 | 61,118 | 23,918 | 39 | % | 278,870 | 203,503 | 75,367 | 37 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Excise taxes |
(21,600 | ) | (13,569 | ) | (8,031 | ) | 59 | % | (76,684 | ) | (47,486 | ) | (29,198 | ) | 61 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Total cannabis net revenue |
$ | 63,436 | $ | 47,549 | $ | 15,887 | 33 | % | $ | 202,186 | $ | 156,017 | $ | 46,169 | 30 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| (1) | The constant currency presentation of our Cannabis revenue based on market channel is a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Use of Non-GAAP Measures –Constant Currency Presentation” above for a discussion of these Non-GAAP Measures. |
Revenue from Canadian medical cannabis: Revenue from Canadian medical cannabis increased to $6.4 million and $18.8 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, compared to revenue of $6.0 million and $18.9 million for the prior year same period. On a constant currency basis revenue from Canadian medical cannabis was $6.3 million and $19.0 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, compared to revenue of $6.0 million and $18.9 million for the prior year same periods. On an industry basis, the medical channel continues to experience migration of non-insured patients moving to the adult-use market. Despite this industry trend, we have grown our assortment in Tilray medical and maintained our sales despite the loss in patient base.
Revenue from Canadian adult-use cannabis: During the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, our revenue from Canadian adult-use cannabis increased to $62.1 million and $205.4 million, compared to revenue of $45.3 million and $156.1 million for the prior year period. Further, the prior year revenue includes advisory fees in the amount of $8.7 million and $24.3 million for the three and nine months ended February 28, 2023, compared to $nil and $1.5 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024. Excluding these advisory service fees, revenue increased by $25.5 million and $72.1 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024. The increase in adult-use revenue is due to the acquisitions of HEXO on June 22, 2023 and Truss on August 3, 2023, and our robust innovation pipeline from existing brands. On a constant currency basis, our revenue from Canadian adult-use cannabis increased to $61.6 million and $207.7 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024.
Wholesale cannabis revenue: Revenue from wholesale cannabis increased to $2.8 million and $12.3 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, compared to revenue of $0.1 million and $0.7 million for the prior year period. On a constant currency basis, revenue from wholesale cannabis increased to $2.8 million and $12.6 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 compared to revenue of $0.1 million and $0.7 million. The Company continues to believe that wholesale cannabis revenue will remain subject to quarter-to-quarter variability and is based on opportunistic sales. The wholesale transactions that occurred in the current year periods aided with our liquidity initiatives to increase our cash flow from operations despite having unfavorable impacts on our gross margin and EBITDA.
International cannabis revenue: Revenue from international cannabis increased to $14.0 million and $40.2 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, compared to revenue of $9.7 million and $27.8 million for the prior year period. On a constant currency basis, given the changes in the Euro against the U.S. Dollar when compared to the prior year quarter, revenue from international cannabis was $14.4 million and $39.6 million compared to $9.7 million and $27.8 million in the prior year period (during the nine months ended February 28, 2023, the Company recognized a one-time return adjustment of $3.1 million related to a former customer in Israel that commenced bankruptcy proceedings). The increase in the period is largely driven by revenue growth in existing markets and expansion into new international medical markets.
Distribution revenue
Revenue from distribution decreased to $56.8 million and increased to $193.2 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, compared to revenue of $65.4 million and $186.2 million for the prior year period. On a constant currency basis, given the change in the Euro and Argentine Peso against the U.S. Dollar in the quarter, revenue from Distribution was $59.0 million and $190.5 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024. In the quarter, revenue was negatively impacted by IT infrastructure outages and weather, both of which impacted revenue by approximately $3.0 million. Additionally, the Company faced short-term challenges related to new regulatory rebates, which caused us to lower our sales activities.
Wellness revenue
Our Wellness revenue showed strong growth delivering $13.4 million and $39.7 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 compared to $12.0 million and $38.1 million from the prior year period. On a constant currency basis for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, Wellness revenue increased to $13.4 million and $39.8 million from $12.0 and $38.1 million. The increase in revenue can be attributed to our strategic focus on targeted advertising campaigns aligned with emerging trends in healthier lifestyles, particularly around the new year, coupled with our continuous innovation efforts.
Gross profit, gross margin and adjusted gross margin(1) for our reporting segments
Our gross profit and gross margin for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 and February 28, 2023, is as follows:
| For the three months ended |
For the nine months ended |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beverage alcohol |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenue |
$ | 54,688 | $ | 20,640 | $ | 34,048 | 165 | % | $ | 125,355 | $ | 62,689 | $ | 62,666 | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold |
35,836 | 10,663 | 25,173 | 236 | % | 77,615 | 32,932 | 44,683 | 136 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit |
18,852 | 9,977 | 8,875 | 89 | % | 47,740 | 29,757 | 17,983 | 60 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross margin |
34 | % | 48 | % | (14 | )% | (29 | )% | 38 | % | 47 | % | (9 | )% | (19 | )% | ||||||||||||||||
| Purchase price accounting step-up |
2,073 | 1,009 | 1,064 | 105 | % | 4,426 | 3,223 | 1,203 | 37 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted gross profit (1) |
20,925 | 10,986 | 9,939 | 90 | % | 52,166 | 32,980 | 19,186 | 58 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted gross margin (1) |
38 | % | 53 | % | (15 | %) | (28 | %) | 42 | % | 53 | % | (11 | %) | (21 | %) | ||||||||||||||||
| Cannabis |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenue |
63,432 | 47,549 | 15,883 | 33 | % | 200,879 | 156,017 | 44,862 | 29 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold |
42,518 | 80,362 | (37,844 | ) | (47 | )% | 139,507 | 137,800 | 1,707 | 1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit (loss) |
20,914 | (32,813 | ) | 53,727 | (164 | )% | 61,372 | 18,217 | 43,155 | 237 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross margin |
33 | % | (69 | )% | 102 | % | (148 | )% | 31 | % | 12 | % | 19 | % | 158 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Purchase price accounting step-up |
174 | — | 174 | NM | 7,628 | — | 7,628 | NM | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventory valuation adjustments |
— | 55,000 | (55,000 | ) | (100 | )% | — | 55,000 | (55,000 | ) | (100 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted gross profit (1) |
21,088 | 22,187 | (1,099 | ) | (5 | )% | 69,000 | 73,217 | (4,217 | ) | (6 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted gross margin (1) |
33 | % | 47 | % | (14 | )% | (30 | )% | 34 | % | 47 | % | (13 | )% | (28 | )% | ||||||||||||||||
| Distribution |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenue |
56,794 | 65,385 | (8,591 | ) | (13 | )% | 193,174 | 186,158 | 7,016 | 4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold |
51,231 | 57,964 | (6,733 | ) | (12 | )% | 172,846 | 165,443 | 7,403 | 4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit |
5,563 | 7,421 | (1,858 | ) | (25 | )% | 20,328 | 20,715 | (387 | ) | (2 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross margin |
10 | % | 11 | % | (1 | )% | (9 | )% | 11 | % | 11 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Wellness |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenue |
13,426 | 12,015 | 1,411 | 12 | % | 39,652 | 38,072 | 1,580 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold |
9,359 | 8,299 | 1,060 | 13 | % | 28,091 | 26,964 | 1,127 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit |
4,067 | 3,716 | 351 | 9 | % | 11,561 | 11,108 | 453 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross margin |
30 | % | 31 | % | (1 | )% | (3 | )% | 29 | % | 29 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenue |
188,340 | 145,589 | 42,751 | 29 | % | 559,060 | 442,936 | 116,124 | 26 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold |
138,944 | 157,288 | (18,344 | ) | (12 | )% | 418,059 | 363,139 | 54,920 | 15 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit |
49,396 | (11,699 | ) | 61,095 | (522 | )% | 141,001 | 79,797 | 61,204 | 77 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross margin |
26 | % | (8 | )% | 34 | % | (425 | )% | 25 | % | 18 | % | 7 | % | 39 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Inventory valuation adjustments |
— | 55,000 | (55,000 | ) | (100 | )% | — | 55,000 | (55,000 | ) | (100 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase price accounting step-up |
2,247 | 1,009 | 1,238 | 123 | % | 12,054 | 3,223 | 8,831 | 274 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted gross profit (1) |
51,643 | 44,310 | 7,333 | 17 | % | 153,055 | 138,020 | 15,035 | 11 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted gross margin (1) |
27 | % | 30 | % | (3 | )% | (10 | )% | 27 | % | 31 | % | (4 | )% | (13 | )% | ||||||||||||||||
| (1) |
Adjusted gross profit is our Gross profit (adjusted to exclude purchase price accounting valuation step-up and inventory valuation adjustments) and adjusted gross margin is our Gross margin (adjusted to exclude purchase price accounting valuation step-up and inventory valuation adjustments) and are non-GAAP financial measures. See “Use of Non-GAAP Measures” above for additional discussion regarding these non-GAAP measures. The Company’s management believes that adjusted gross profit and adjusted gross margin are useful to our management to evaluate our business and operations, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, project our future performance, and make strategic decisions. We do not consider adjusted gross profit and adjusted gross margin in isolation or as an alternative to financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP. |
Beverage alcohol gross margin: Gross margin of 34% and 38% for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 decreased from 48% and 47% from the same period in the prior year. Adjusted gross margin of 38% and 42% for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 decreased from 53% and 53% from the periods in the prior year. The decrease in the adjusted beverage alcohol gross margin was a result of the newly acquired Craft Acquisition brands, which have lower margins than our historical business, primarily driven by the temporary excess capacity within the acquired breweries, which we are actively evaluating for future optimization and enhanced utilization. Additionally, during the three month period this decrease was offset by a $2.5 million volume commitment reimbursement in our spirits business, which did not have any costs associated with it.
Cannabis gross margin: Gross margin increased during the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 to 33% and 31% from (69)% and 12% for the prior year same period. Excluding the impact of the non-cash fair value purchase price accounting step-up and inventory valuation adjustments, adjusted gross margin during the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 decreased to 33% and 34% from 47% and 47% when comparing the same prior year period. A portion of the decrease is a result of the termination of the HEXO advisory services agreement which contributed $nil and $1.5 million of gross profit in the current year compared to $8.7 and $24.3 million in the prior year, which if excluded would decrease adjusted gross margin to 35% and 37% for the three and nine months ended February 28, 2023. The remaining decline in gross margin for the three and nine month periods was a result of a change in sales mix with a higher percentage of sales coming from wholesale.
Distribution gross margin: Gross margin of 10% and 11% for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 decreased from 11% and 11% for the prior year period. While consistent for the nine month period comparison, the decrease in the gross margin for the three month period is attributed to product mix.
Wellness gross margin: Gross margin of 30% and 29% for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 decreased from 31% and 29% from the same period in the prior year. The decrease in the three month period was a result of a change in sales mix towards more bulk retail sales which have a lower margin. Wellness gross margin stayed consistent during the nine month period.
Operating expenses
| For the three months ended |
For the nine months ended |
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| February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands of US dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative |
$ | 39,940 | $ | 38,999 | $ | 941 | 2 | % | $ | 123,769 | $ | 117,385 | $ | 6,384 | 5 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Selling |
9,995 | 6,452 | 3,543 | 55 | % | 24,437 | 25,792 | (1,355 | ) | (5 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization |
21,558 | 23,518 | (1,960 | ) | (8 | )% | 65,700 | 71,872 | (6,172 | ) | (9 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketing and promotion |
11,191 | 7,354 | 3,837 | 52 | % | 28,934 | 23,137 | 5,797 | 25 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development |
106 | 171 | (65 | ) | (38 | )% | 241 | 502 | (261 | ) | (52 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration |
(5,983 | ) | 352 | (6,335 | ) | (1,800 | )% | (16,790 | ) | 563 | (17,353 | ) | (3,082 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments |
— | 934,000 | (934,000 | ) | (100 | )% | — | 934,000 | (934,000 | ) | (100 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other than temporary change in fair value of convertible notes receivable |
42,681 | 181,376 | (138,695 | ) | (76 | )% | 42,681 | 181,376 | (138,695 | ) | (76 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Litigation costs, net of recoveries |
3,363 | (5,230 | ) | 8,593 | (164 | )% | 8,439 | (1,970 | ) | 10,409 | (528 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring costs |
5,178 | 2,663 | 2,515 | 94 | % | 8,748 | 10,727 | (1,979 | ) | (18 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction costs (income) |
3,465 | 5,382 | (1,917 | ) | (36 | )% | 13,061 | (3,882 | ) | 16,943 | (436 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses |
$ | 131,494 | $ | 1,195,037 | $ | (1,063,543 | ) | (89 | )% | $ | 299,220 | $ | 1,359,502 | $ | (1,060,282 | ) | (78 | )% | ||||||||||||||
Operating expenses are comprised of general and administrative, selling, amortization, marketing and promotion, research and development, change in fair value of contingent consideration, impairments, other than temporary change in fair value of convertible notes receivable, litigation costs, net of recoveries, restructuring costs and transaction (income) costs. These costs decreased by ($1,063.5) and ($1,060.3) million to $131.5 and $299.2 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 as compared to $1,195.0 and $1,359.5 million for the same period of the prior year. These changes period over period are described below.
General and administrative costs
During the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the changes in general and administrative costs when compared to the prior year periods are described as follows:
| For the three months ended |
For the nine months ended |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands of US dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive compensation |
$ | 1,585 | $ | 2,754 | $ | (1,169 | ) | (42 | )% | $ | 4,757 | $ | 9,359 | $ | (4,602 | ) | (49 | )% | ||||||||||||||
| Office and general |
4,190 | 6,799 | (2,609 | ) | (38 | )% | 20,423 | 20,011 | 412 | 2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Salaries and wages |
19,588 | 13,621 | 5,967 | 44 | % | 52,310 | 38,407 | 13,903 | 36 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation |
8,059 | 9,630 | (1,571 | ) | (16 | )% | 24,517 | 29,766 | (5,249 | ) | (18 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance |
3,569 | 3,159 | 410 | 13 | % | 9,917 | 8,588 | 1,329 | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional fees |
656 | 1,165 | (509 | ) | (44 | )% | 4,658 | 5,385 | (727 | ) | (14 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (Gain) loss on sale of capital assets |
23 | (15 | ) | 38 | (253 | )% | 3 | (2 | ) | 5 | (250 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Travel and accommodation |
1,246 | 1,104 | 142 | 13 | % | 3,727 | 3,484 | 243 | 7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rent |
1,024 | 782 | 242 | 31 | % | 3,457 | 2,387 | 1,070 | 45 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total general and administrative costs |
$ | 39,940 | $ | 38,999 | $ | 941 | 2 | % | $ | 123,769 | $ | 117,385 | $ | 6,384 | 5 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Executive compensation decreased by 42% and 49% in the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, primarily as a result of changes in estimates related to timing of compensation accruals.
Office and general decreased by 38% and 2% during the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024. The decrease for the three month period is a result of $4.4 million of bad debt recoveries on a previously recognized credit loss provision, see Note 19 (Commitments and contingencies). The decrease is offset by the acquisition of the newly acquired beverage alcohol business portfolio and HEXO, which did not occur in the prior period.
Salaries and wages increased by 44% and 36% during the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024. The increase is primarily due to the inclusion of newly acquired beverage alcohol business portfolio and HEXO employees, which were not in the prior period.
The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $8.1 and $24.5 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 compared to $9.6 and $29.8 million for the same period in the prior year. Stock based compensation expense is based on the time-based vesting schedules and varies according to the assumptions used in the vesting model. During the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, as a result of a change in the probability of achievement of stock price targets for certain grants issued in 2021, as well as an increased forfeiture rate, stock-based compensation decreased period over period.
Insurance expense increased by 13% and increased by 15% for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 to $3.6 and $9.9 million from $3.2 and $8.6 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, was driven by the expanded polices required for our newly acquired beverage alcohol business portfolio, and HEXO entities, partially offset by the Company's decision to self-insure certain of its property risks.
Rent expense increased by 31% and 45% for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 to $1.0 and $3.5 million from $0.8 and $2.4 million for the same period in the prior year. This increase was driven by the newly acquired beverage alcohol business portfolio and HEXO.
Selling costs
For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company incurred selling costs of $10.0 and $24.4 million or 5.3% and 4.4% of net revenue as compared to $6.5 and $25.8 million and 4.4% and 5.8% of net revenue in the prior year period. These costs relate to third-party shipping costs for all segments, with the majority of the selling costs relating to the cannabis segment from distributor commissions, Health Canada cannabis fees, and patient acquisition and maintenance costs. Patient acquisition and ongoing patient maintenance costs include funding to individual clinics to assist with additional costs incurred by clinics resulting from the education of patients using the Company’s products. The increase for the three month period is a result of the increase in sales from the prior year period. The decrease in the nine month period was related to the renegotiation of terms in one of our distributor relationships resulting in reduced variable fees.
Amortization
The Company incurred non-production related amortization charges of $21.6 and $65.7 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 compared to $23.5 and $71.9 million in the prior year period. The decreased amortization in the period is a result of the reduced intangible asset levels, as a result of prior year impairments.
Marketing and promotion costs
For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company incurred marketing and promotion costs of $11.2 and $28.9 million as compared to $7.4 and $23.1 million for the prior year period. The increase is due to the acquisition of the newly acquired beverage alcohol business portfolio, and HEXO.
Research and development
Research and development costs were $0.1 and $0.2 million during the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 compared to $0.2 and $0.5 million in the prior year period. These relate to external costs associated with the development of new products.
Change in fair value of contingent consideration
The Company measures contingent consideration at fair value classified as Level 3, as discussed in Note 25 (Fair value measurements). During the three months ended February 29, 2024, the contingent consideration liability that arose from the Truss acquisition of $4.2 million was settled for $0.7 million. The contingent consideration liability from the Montauk acquisition, increased to $14.0 million as of February 29, 2024 from $10.9 million as of May 31, 2023. The contingent consideration liability from the Sweetwater acquisition elapsed and there are no further obligations. The decrease in fair value of $16.8 million was driven by the conclusion of the Sweetwater obligation, the favorable cash settlement for the Truss contingent consideration, and was offset by an increase related to the increased probability of achieving the contingent consideration from the Montauk acquisition.
Litigation
For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company recorded $3.4 and $8.4 million of litigation settlements costs, net of favorable recoveries, and the third party fees associated with defending these claims, compared to a net benefit of ($5.2) and ($2.0) million for the prior period comparative. The increase is related to period to period variability as litigation is non-recurring in nature. Included in the three and nine months ended February 28, 2023, is proceeds of $39.9 million related to the SLC litigation settlement, offset by judgments, probable and estimable losses as well as ongoing litigation costs and fees.
Restructuring costs
In connection with the execution of our acquisition strategy and strategic transactions, the Company has incurred non-recurring restructuring and exit costs associated with the integration efforts of these transactions. For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company incurred $5.2 and $8.7 million of restructuring costs compared to $2.7 and $10.7 million for the prior period comparative.
The Company approves detailed restructuring initiative plans at the executive level and recognizes these expenses in the period in which the plan has been committed to. The detailed breakdown of the restructuring plans in place, inclusive of their expected timeline for completion, for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, is as follows:
HEXO Acquisition: Pursuant to our announced synergy program of $27 million in relation to the HEXO acquisition, we expect our HEXO restructuring plan to span the first 24 months following the acquisition. In the current nine-month period, we recognized $4.0 million related to employee termination benefits costs in relation to the conversion of our Masson facility from cannabis to produce, the optimization of our Redecan facilities and expenses associated with our Masson facility, which is currently operational although available for sale.
Truss Acquisition: In relation to the acquisition of Truss, the Company has decided to repurpose the facility for the production of non-cannabis beverages. The Company expects the timeline of completion of this program to be 18 months from date of acquisition. In the current nine-month period, we recognized $3.5 million of restructuring charges related to the costs of exiting the facility until the new business has resumed.
Canadian Business Cost Reduction Plan: As referenced in our Canadian cannabis cost optimization plan for $30 million, the Company has committed to reducing costs, which was completed during the three months ended November 30, 2023. In the current nine-month period ended February 29, 2024, we recognized $0.5 million of restructuring charges related to the relocation of our Broken Coast facility from Duncan to Nanaimo, BC, and the employee termination benefits associated with the transition of packaging finished goods to the Aphria One location.
Distribution Cost Optimization: The Company executed a cost optimization plan during the quarter to reduce costs within the distribution segment by $1.5 million annually. It is expected that this plan will be completed within the fiscal year, however the Company continues to evaluate this segment for further cost optimizations and production efficiencies. In the current nine-month period, we recognized $0.8 million related to employee termination benefits in association with executing this plan.
For the prior period three and nine months ended February 28, 2023, the Company recognized $2.7 and $10.7 million of restructuring charges. This was comprised of amounts related to the Tilray-Aphria Arrangement Agreement for the closure of our Canadian cannabis facility in Enniskillen of $2.7 million and $4.2 million for the three and nine months ended February 28, 2023, respectively. Additionally, $1.6 million of exit cost and $2.8 million for inventory adjustments from the termination of our producer partnership in Uruguay due to a breach of the underlying contract in our International cannabis business. The Company also incurred $2.2 million of write-offs from the exit of our medical device reprocessing business in our distribution reporting segment. These exit costs were non-recurring in nature and did not have on going impacts in the current year.
Transaction (income) costs
Transaction (income) costs, which includes acquisition related income and expenses, related legal, financial advisor and due diligence cost and expenses and transaction related compensation. The three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 decrease of 36% and 436% from the prior year period is related to the following items:
| ● |
the nine months ended February, 29, 2024, included costs associated with completing the HEXO Acquisition on June 22, 2023, including, but not limited to, due diligence fees of $2.4 million, discretionary incentive compensation payments of $5.8 million, transaction income from the loan amendment agreement of $(6.0) million, and HEXO director and office runoff insurance of $5.1 million; |
| ● |
costs related to the acquisition of the beverage alcohol business portfolio; |
| ● |
refunds from outstanding government rebates of $(1.1) million claims not previously recognized as assets associated with the Aphria and Tilray Arrangement Agreement; |
| ● |
in the prior year period comparative, we recognized transaction income for a change in fair value of $(18.3) million on the HTI Share Consideration’s purchase price derivative as a result of an increase in our share price on the shares paid for the HEXO convertible note receivable in the previous year. This did not recur in the nine months ended February 29, 2024 results. |
Non-operating (expense) income, net
Non-operating (expense) income is comprised of:
| For the three months ended |
For the nine months ended |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands of US dollars) |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of convertible debenture payable |
$ | (6,311 | ) | $ | 207 | $ | (6,518 | ) | (3,149 | )% | $ | (12,352 | ) | $ | (20,375 | ) | $ | 8,023 | (39 | )% | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability |
586 | 5,256 | (4,670 | ) | (89 | )% | (1,365 | ) | 6,841 | (8,206 | ) | (120 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange (loss) gain |
(3,302 | ) | (1,955 | ) | (1,347 | ) | 69 | % | 1,941 | (26,621 | ) | 28,562 | (107 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on long-term investments |
33 | (925 | ) | 958 | (104 | )% | 383 | (2,529 | ) | 2,912 | (115 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-operating (losses) gains, net |
(8,245 | ) | (1,370 | ) | (6,875 | ) | 502 | % | (9,427 | ) | (7,545 | ) | (1,882 | ) | 25 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Total non-operating income (expense) |
$ | (17,239 | ) | $ | 1,213 | $ | (18,452 | ) | (1,521 | )% | $ | (20,820 | ) | $ | (50,229 | ) | $ | 29,409 | (59 | )% | ||||||||||||
For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company recognized a change in fair value of its convertible debentures payable of ($6.3) million and ($12.4) million compared to $0.2 million and ($20.4) million in the prior year periods. The change is driven primarily by the changes in the Company’s share price, the change in the trading price of the convertible debentures payable. Additionally, for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company recognized a change in fair value of its warrants, resulting in a gain of $0.6 million and a loss ($1.4) million compared to gains of $5.3 million and $6.8 million also as a result of the change in our share price and the exercise price of the instrument. For the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, the Company recognized a loss of ($3.3) million and a gain of $1.9 million, resulting from the changes in foreign exchange rates during the period, compared to a gain of ($2.0) million and a loss of ($26.6) million for the prior year periods, largely associated with the recovery of the Euro. Lastly, included in other non-operating (losses) gains, net for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 was $2.3 million of the downside protection share issuance relating to the HTI note, as described in Note 15 (Stockholders' equity), $2.5 million amounts to settle outstanding notes with non-controlling interest shareholders and the decrease in value of an equity investee for $4.6 million as described in Note 19 (Commitments and contingencies).
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to GAAP Measures
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that does not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. The Company calculates adjusted EBITDA as net loss/net income before income taxes, net interest expense, depreciation and amortization, equity in net loss of equity-method investees, purchase price accounting step-up on inventory, stock-based compensation, inventory valuation adjustments, impairments, other than temporary change in fair value of convertible notes receivable, restructuring costs, transaction (income) costs, litigation costs net of recoveries, change in fair value of contingent consideration, unrealized currency gains and losses and other adjustments.
We believe that this presentation provides useful information to management, analysts and investors regarding certain additional financial and business trends relating to its results of operations and financial condition. In addition, management uses this measure for reviewing the financial results of the Company and as a component of performance-based executive compensation.
Historically, we have included lease expenses for leases that were treated differently under IFRS 16 and ASC 842 Leases, in the calculation of adjusted EBITDA, aiming to align our definition with industry peers reporting under IFRS. The decision to include these lease expenses in the Company's definition of adjusted EBITDA was based on our efforts to maintain comparability with peers. However, as the Company has continued to diversify, particularly with strategic acquisitions such as the newly acquired beverage alcohol business portfolio, this comparison is no longer relevant, accordingly, we are no longer including this adjustment.
Had the Company continued to include lease expenses that were treated differently under IFRS 16 and ASC 842 Leases, the impact to adjusted EBITDA would have been $1.4 million and $3.2 million for the three and nine months ended February 29, 2024,. In comparison, under the previous reconciliation, the impact to adjusted EBITDA would have been $0.7 million and $2.1 million for the three and nine months ended February 28, 2023.
We do not consider adjusted EBITDA in isolation or as an alternative to financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP. The principal limitation of adjusted EBITDA is that it excludes certain expenses and income that are required by U.S. GAAP to be recorded in our consolidated financial statements. In addition, adjusted EBITDA is subject to inherent limitations as this metric reflects the exercise of judgment by management about which expenses and income are excluded or included in determining adjusted EBITDA. In order to compensate for these limitations, management presents adjusted EBITDA in connection with GAAP results.
For three and nine months ended February 29, 2024, adjusted EBITDA decreased to $10.2 million and $31.0 million compared to $13.3 and $37.2 million from the prior year period. The decrease was primarily driven by the aforementioned negative impacts to our cannabis gross margin.
| For the three months ended |
For the nine months ended |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | February 29, | February 28, | Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA reconciliation: |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss |
$ | (104,983 | ) | $ | (1,195,752 | ) | $ | 1,090,769 | (91 | )% | $ | (207,029 | ) | $ | (1,323,181 | ) | $ | 1,116,152 | (84 | )% | ||||||||||||
| Income tax expense |
(2,871 | ) | (10,811 | ) | 7,940 | (73 | )% | 1,013 | (15,313 | ) | 16,326 | (107 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net |
8,517 | 1,040 | 7,477 | 719 | % | 26,977 | 8,560 | 18,417 | 215 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-operating income (expense), net |
17,239 | (1,213 | ) | 18,452 | (1,521 | )% | 20,820 | 50,229 | (29,409 | ) | (59 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization |
32,842 | 33,769 | (927 | ) | (3 | )% | 95,183 | 101,156 | (5,973 | ) | (6 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation |
8,059 | 9,630 | (1,571 | ) | (16 | )% | 24,517 | 29,766 | (5,249 | ) | (18 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration |
(5,983 | ) | 352 | (6,335 | ) | (1,800 | )% | (16,790 | ) | 563 | (17,353 | ) | (3,082 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Impairments |
— | 934,000 | (934,000 | ) | (100 | )% | — | 934,000 | (934,000 | ) | (100 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other than temporary change in fair value of convertible notes receivable |
42,681 | 181,376 | (138,695 | ) | (76 | )% | 42,681 | 181,376 | (138,695 | ) | (76 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventory valuation adjustments |
— | 55,000 | (55,000 | ) | (100 | )% | — | 55,000 | (55,000 | ) | (100 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase price accounting step-up |
2,247 | 1,009 | 1,238 | 123 | % | 12,054 | 3,223 | 8,831 | 274 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Facility start-up and closure costs |
400 | 2,100 | (1,700 | ) | (81 | )% | 1,300 | 6,900 | (5,600 | ) | (81 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Litigation costs, net of recoveries |
3,363 | (5,230 | ) | 8,593 | (164 | )% | 8,439 | (1,970 | ) | 10,409 | (528 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring costs |
5,178 | 2,663 | 2,515 | 94 | % | 8,748 | 10,727 | (1,979 | ) | (18 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction costs (income) |
3,465 | 5,382 | (1,917 | ) | (36 | )% | 13,061 | (3,882 | ) | 16,943 | (436 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 10,154 | $ | 13,315 | $ | (3,161 | ) | (24 | )% | $ | 30,974 | $ | 37,154 | $ | (6,180 | ) | (17 | )% | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, net loss. There are a number of limitations related to the use of Adjusted EBITDA as compared to net loss, the closest comparable GAAP measure. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts for the following:
| ● |
Non-cash amortization expenses and, although these are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future; |
| ● |
Stock-based compensation expenses, a non-cash expense and are an important part of our compensation strategy; |
| ● |
Non-cash impairment charges, as the charges are not expected to be a recurring business activity; |
| ● |
Non-cash inventory valuation adjustments; |
| ● |
Non-cash other than temporary write-down of convertible notes receivable, as the charges are not expected to be a recurring business activity; |
| ● |
Non-cash foreign exchange gains or losses, which accounts for the effect of both realized and unrealized foreign exchange transactions. Unrealized gains or losses represent foreign exchange revaluation of foreign denominated monetary assets and liabilities; |
| ● |
Non-cash change in fair value of warrant liability; |
| ● |
Interest expense, net; |
| ● |
Costs incurred to start up new facilities, and to fund emerging market operations; |
| ● |
Transaction (income) costs, which includes acquisition related income and expenses, related legal, financial advisor and due diligence cost and expenses and transaction related compensation, which vary significantly by transaction and are excluded to evaluate ongoing operating results; |
| ● |
Restructuring charges; |
| ● |
Litigation costs, net of favorable recoveries and the third party fees associated with defending these claims, includes costs related to legacy and non-operational litigation matters, legal settlements and recoveries; |
| ● |
Amortization of purchase accounting fair value step-up in inventory value included in costs of goods sold; and |
| ● |
Current and deferred income tax expenses and recoveries, which could be a significant recurring expense or recovery in our business in the future and reduce or increase cash available to us. |
Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Margin
Adjusted gross profit and adjusted gross margin are non-GAAP financial measures and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Adjusted gross profit is our Gross profit (adjusted to exclude purchase price accounting valuation step-up) and adjusted gross margin is our Gross margin (adjusted to exclude purchase price accounting valuation step-up) and are non-GAAP financial measures. The Company’s management believes that adjusted gross profit and adjusted gross margin are useful to our management to evaluate our business and operations, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, project our future performance, and make strategic decisions. We do not consider adjusted gross profit and adjusted gross margin percentage in isolation or as an alternative to financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We actively manage our cash and investments in order to internally fund operating needs, make scheduled interest and principal payments on our borrowings, and complete acquisitions. We believe that existing cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and cash generated by operations, together with access to external sources of funds, will be sufficient to meet our domestic and foreign capital needs for a short and long term outlook.
For the Company's short-term liquidity requirements, we are focused on generating positive cash flows from operations and being free cash flow positive. As a result of delays in legalization across multiple markets, management continues to optimize our operating structure, headcount, as well as the elimination of other discretionary operational costs. Some of these actions may be less accretive to our adjusted EBITDA in the short term, however we believe that they will be required for our liquidity aspirations in the near term future. Additionally, the Company continues to invest our excess cash in the short-term in marketable securities which are comprised of U.S. treasury bills and term deposits with major Canadian banks.
During the three months ended February 29, 2024, the Company exchanged $50.7 million principal of APHA 24 Notes prior to their maturity, demonstrating our commitment to optimizing our capital structure and enhancing financial flexibility. We intend to continue to opportunistically purchase or exchange additional APHA 24 Notes prior to their underlying maturity date in June 2024. We believe this demonstrates and reinforces our commitment to optimizing our capital structure and enhancing financial flexibility. See Note 27 (Subsequent events) for additional details.
For the Company's long-term liquidity requirements, we will be focused on funding operations through profitable organic and inorganic growth through acquisitions. We may need to take on additional debt or equity financing arrangements in order to achieve these ambitions on a long-term basis.
The following table sets forth the major components of our statements of cash flows for the periods presented:
| For the three months ended |
For the nine months ended |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| February 29, |
February 28, |
Change |
% Change |
February 29, |
February 28, |
Change |
% Change |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
2024 |
2023 |
2024 vs. 2023 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
$ | (15,361 | ) | $ | (18,632 | ) | $ | 3,271 | (18 | )% | $ | (61,612 | ) | $ | (35,692 | ) | $ | (25,920 | ) | 73 | % | |||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
28,086 | (4,592 | ) | 32,678 | (712 | )% | 83,293 | (277,527 | ) | 360,820 | (130 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
(10,909 | ) | (2,442 | ) | (8,467 | ) | 347 | % | (82,257 | ) | 63,922 | (146,179 | ) | (229 | )% | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect on cash of foreign currency translation |
(512 | ) | 445 | (957 | ) | (215 | )% | 197 | (1,615 | ) | 1,812 | (112 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |
144,949 | 190,218 | (45,269 | ) | (24 | )% | 206,632 | 415,909 | (209,277 | ) | (50 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |
$ | 146,253 | $ | 164,997 | $ | (18,744 | ) | (11 | )% | $ | 146,253 | $ | 164,997 | $ | (18,744 | ) | (11 | )% | ||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities |
79,605 | 243,286 | (163,681 | ) | (67 | )% | 79,605 | 243,286 | (163,681 | ) | (67 | )% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and marketable securities(1) |
$ | 225,858 | $ | 408,283 | $ | (182,425 | ) | (45 | )% | $ | 225,858 | $ | 408,283 | $ | (182,425 | ) | (45 | )% | ||||||||||||||
|
|
(1) |
Cash and marketable securities are non-GAAP financial measures. See “Use of Non-GAAP Measures” above for additional discussion regarding these non-GAAP measures. The Company combines the Cash and cash equivalent financial statement line item, and the Marketable securities financial statement line item as an aggregate total as reconciled in the liquidity and capital resource section below. The Company’s management believes that this presentation provides useful information to management, analysts and investors regarding certain additional financial and business trends relating to its short-term liquidity position by combing these three GAAP metrics. |
Cash flows from operating activities
The change in net cash provided by (used in) operating activities was ($15.4) million and ($61.6) million for three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 compared to ($18.6) million and ($35.7) million for the prior year period. The decrease in cash used in the three month period was primarily related to the achievement of the previously described synergies. The increase in cash used in the nine month period was primarily related to the settlement of pre-acquisition liabilities assumed from the HEXO acquisition. Additionally, the prior period included the cash collection of the $18.3 million purchase price derivative from HTI as noted in the transaction cost section above, which did not recur in the current year.
Cash flows from investing activities
The change in net cash provided by (used in) investing activities was $28.1 million and $83.3 million for three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 compared to ($4.6) million and ($277.5) million for the prior year period, and is a result of the sale of marketable securities in the current periods compared to investing in marketable securities in the prior periods as well as the cash used in the acquisition of various businesses, Note 7 (Business acquisitions).
Cash flows from financing activities
The change in cash (used in) provided by financing activities was ($10.9) million and ($82.3) million for three and nine months ended February 29, 2024 compared to ($2.4) million and $63.9 million for the prior year period. In the current period, cash was provided by funds from the overallotment of TLRY 27 Notes and other long term debt offset by the repurchase of convertible notes and long-term debt, while in the comparative period a larger amount of cash was provided by the ATM capital raise and smaller amounts of repurchased debt.
ABC Group Credit Agreement
As previously disclosed, on January 5, 2024, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, American Beverage Crafts Group, Inc. (f/k/a Four Twenty Corporation, the “Borrower”), entered into a waiver (the “Waiver”) to that certain Credit Agreement dated as of June 30, 2023 (the “ABC Group Credit Agreement”) by and among the Borrower, Bank of America, N.A., in its capacity as Administrative Agent, and certain other guarantors and lenders thereto. The Waiver effectively eliminated a potential event of default relating to the “Consolidated Leverage Ratio” financial covenant contained in the ABC Group Credit Agreement. On March 29, 2024, and in satisfaction of the Waiver requirements, the Borrower entered into a further amendment (the "Amendment") to the ABC Group Credit Agreement to reflect certain internal subsidiary contributions and lease transfers. The foregoing description of the Waiver and Amendment does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the full text of each of the Waiver and Amendment, which are being filed as Exhibits 10.2 and 10.5, respectively, to this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 29, 2024.
Subsequent Events
Refer to Part I, Financial Information, Note 27 Subsequent Events.
Contingencies
In addition to the litigation described in the Part II, Item 1 - Legal Proceedings, the Company is and may be a defendant in lawsuits from time to time in the normal course of business. While the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company believes the reasonably possible losses of such matters, individually and in the aggregate, are not material. Additionally, the Company believes the probable final outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position, cash flows or liquidity.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The accounting principles we use require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and amounts of income and expenses during the reporting periods presented. We believe in the quality and reasonableness of our critical accounting policies; however, materially different amounts may be reported under different conditions or using assumptions different from those that we have applied. The accounting estimates that have been identified as critical to our business operations and to understanding the results of our operations pertain to revenue recognition, valuation of inventory, valuation of long-lived assets, goodwill and intangible assets, stock-based compensation and valuation allowances for deferred tax assets. The application of each of these critical accounting policies and estimates is discussed in Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
A description of recently issued accounting pronouncements that may potentially impact our financial position and results of operations is disclosed in “Part I, Item 1. Note 1 – Basis of presentation and summary of significant accounting policies” to our financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
There have been no material changes in market risk from those addressed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023 during the nine months ended February 29, 2024. See the information set forth in Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, and summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. An evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report was made under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.
Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of February 29, 2024, our disclosure controls and procedures (a) are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is timely recorded, processed, summarized and reported and (b) include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Consistent with guidance issued by the SEC, the scope of management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures did not include the internal controls over financial reporting of our recently acquired businesses including: (i) HEXO Corp., acquired June 22, 2023;, (ii) Truss Beverage Co. acquired August 3, 2023; and (iii) the portfolio of craft beer brands, assets and businesses comprising eight beer and beverage brands, acquired on September 29, 2023. These acquired businesses represented 2.3%, 0.4% and 3.8% of our consolidated assets and 4.3%, 0.9%, and 3.2% of our consolidated net revenues respectively as of and for the nine months ended February 29, 2024.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. As mentioned above, the Company acquired HEXO Corp. on June 22, 2023, Truss Beverage Co., on August 3, 2023 and the eight beer and beverage brands on September 29, 2023. The Company is in the process of reviewing the internal control structure of HEXO Corp., Truss Beverage Co., and the eight beer and beverage brands and if necessary, will make appropriate changes as it integrates them into the Company’s overall internal control over financial reporting process.
In the ordinary course of business, we are at times subject to various legal proceedings and disputes, including the proceedings specifically discussed below. We assess our liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal proceedings utilizing the latest information available. Where it is probable that we will incur a loss and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record a liability in our consolidated financial statements. These legal reserves may be increased or decreased to reflect any relevant developments on a quarterly basis. Where a loss is not probable or the amount of loss is not estimable, we do not accrue legal reserves. While the outcome of legal proceedings is inherently uncertain, based on information currently available, our management believes that it has established appropriate legal reserves. Any liabilities arising from pending legal proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, consolidated results of operations, or consolidated cash flows. However, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of these matters, if unfavorable, may be material to our consolidated financial position, consolidated results of operations, or consolidated cash flows.
“Item 3. Legal Proceedings” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023 includes a discussion of our legal proceedings. There have been no material changes from the legal proceedings described in our Form 10-K, except with respect to the matters disclosed and incorporated herein by reference to Note 19 (Commitments and contingencies), in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
“Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2023 includes a discussion of our known material risk factors, other than risks that could apply to any issuer or offering. A summary of our risk factors is included below. Except for the below risk factors, there have been no material changes from the risk factors described in our Form 10-K.
| ● |
We may not achieve the expected revenue or other benefits from the craft beer operations acquired. |
| ● |
We may experience difficulties integrating HEXO’s operations and realizing the expected benefits of the HEXO arrangement. |
| ● |
Additional impairments of our goodwill, impairments of our intangible and other long-lived assets, and changes in the estimated useful lives of intangible assets could have a material adverse impact on our financial results. |
| ● |
Our business is dependent upon regulatory approvals and licenses, ongoing compliance and reporting obligations, and timely renewals. |
| ● |
Government regulation is evolving, and unfavorable changes or lack of commercial legalization could impact our ability to carry on our business as currently conducted and the potential expansion of our business. |
| ● |
Our production and processing facilities are integral to our business and adverse changes or developments affecting our facilities may have an adverse impact on our business. |
| ● |
We face intense competition, and anticipate competition will increase, which could hurt our business. |
| ● |
Regulations constrain our ability to market and distribute our products in Canada. |
| ● |
United States regulations relating to hemp-derived CBD products are new and rapidly evolving, and changes may not develop in the timeframe or manner most favorable to our business objectives. |
| ● |
Changes in consumer preferences or public attitudes about alcohol could decrease demand for our beverage alcohol products. |
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SweetWater, Breckenridge, Montauk and our recently-acquired craft beer brands each face substantial competition in the beer industry or the broader market for alcoholic beverage products which could impact our business and financial results. |
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We have a limited operating history and a history of net losses, and we may not achieve or maintain profitability in the future. |
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We are subject to litigation, arbitration and demands, which could result in significant liability and costs, and impact our resources and reputation. |
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Our strategic alliances and other third-party business relationships may not achieve the intended beneficial impact and expose us to risks. |
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We may not be able to successfully identify and execute future acquisitions, dispositions or other equity transactions or to successfully manage the impacts of such transactions on our operations. |
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We are subject to risks inherent in an agricultural business, including the risk of crop failure. |
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We depend on significant customers for a substantial portion of our revenue. If we fail to retain or expand our customer relationships or significant customers reduce their purchases, our revenue could decline significantly. |
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Our products may be subject to recalls for a variety of reasons, which could require us to expend significant management and capital resources. |
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Significant interruptions in our access to certain supply chains for key inputs such as raw materials, supplies, electricity, water and other utilities may impair our operations. |
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Management may not be able to successfully establish and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting. |
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The price of our common stock in public markets has experienced and may continue to experience severe volatility and fluctuations. |
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The volatility of our stock and the stockholder base may hinder or prevent us from engaging in beneficial corporate initiatives. |
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The terms of our outstanding warrants may limit our ability to raise additional equity capital or pursue acquisitions, which may impact funding of our ongoing operations and cause significant dilution to existing stockholders. |
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We may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to settle conversions of the convertible securities in cash or to repurchase the convertible securities upon a fundamental change. |
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We are subject to other risks generally applicable to our industry and the conduct of our business. |
We may have to recognize significant impairments in the carrying value of our investment in the MedMen secured convertible notes as a result of MedMen’s potential restructuring or liquidation undertakings.
On August 31, 2021, we acquired an indirect interest in certain senior secured convertible notes issued by MedMen. The notes are only exercisable upon U.S. federal legalization of cannabis or in certain other limited circumstances. The notes are secured by a collateral portfolio consisting of assets and/or equity interests of numerous MedMen U.S. operating subsidiaries and intermediate holding entities. We currently record this investment in our financial statements as a convertible note receivable with a value of as February 29, 2024 of $32,000.
On January 24, 2024, MedMen disclosed that its chief executive officer had stepped down and its board had appointed a chief restructuring officer. In light of such developments, if MedMen experiences any restructuring activities, such as asset sales, liquidations, debt restructuring, foreclosures or assignments, it may lead to significant changes in MedMen’s operations and asset base, impacting the recoverability of our investment carrying values. If MedMen is unable to continue as a going concern, then the value of our investments may be significantly impacted. Restructuring and liquidation proceedings may impact the recoverability of our investments, particularly if there are competing claims on assets or if the process is subject to state and local laws rather than U.S. bankruptcy laws. While our investment in MedMen benefits from security interests in certain of its assets, the realization of these interests could be challenging, especially in jurisdictions where U.S. bankruptcy laws do not apply. In such cases, we may be reliant on state and local restructuring processes or other negotiated arrangements to recover value from our collateral.
The occurrence of any restructurings or liquidations with respect to MedMen or any of its assets or businesses could lead to significant impairments in the carrying value of our investment in the MedMen convertible notes, which could materially and adversely affect our financial results and the value of our investment portfolio.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities
From December 15, 2023 to December 21, 2023, the Company exchanged $18,500 aggregate principal of its APHA 24 Notes for cancellation by issuing 9,601,538 shares.
On January 9, 2024, Tilray Brands, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Tilray”), entered into an assignment and assumption agreement with Double Diamond Holdings Ltd. (“DDH”) pursuant to which, among other things, Tilray acquired from DDH a promissory note in the amount of $26,135 payable by 1974568 Ontario Limited (“Aphria Diamond”). As consideration for such note, Tilray issued 13,627,391 shares of its common stock to DDH, including any shares issued for downside protection provisions.
From January 10, 2024 to January 31, 2024, the Company exchanged $12,540 aggregate principal of its APHA 24 Notes for cancellation by issuing 6,873,001 shares.
Each of the foregoing issuances of Tilray’s common stock was made in reliance on the exemption provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for the offer and sale of securities not involving a public offering. No underwriter participated in the offer and sale of the shares issued pursuant to the foregoing issuances, and no commission or other remuneration was paid or given directly or indirectly in connection therewith. Additionally, each of the foregoing issuance of Tilray's common stock was reported on a Form 8-K filed by the Company with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
Not applicable.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
2024 EBITDA Performance Awards
On April 4, 2024, the Company’s Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) approved certain terms and conditions of previously authorized performance-based grants to certain of the Company’s named executive officers and other key employees under the Tilray, Inc. Amended and Restated 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”). These performance-based grants represent a contingent right to receive a cash payment or its equivalent in shares of Common Stock (the “2024 Performance Award”), as determined by the Committee. The 2024 Performance Award is subject to all of the terms and conditions as set forth in the 2018 Plan and the 2024 Performance Award Agreement (the “Award Agreement”).
The percentage of the 2024 Performance Awards earned will be based on the Company’s financial performance as measured against target goals for annual and cumulative Adjusted EBITDA (the "Performance Goals"), as determined by the Committee for the period beginning on June 1, 2023 and ending on May 31, 2026 (the “Performance Period”). The 2024 Performance Awards will vest as of the end of the Performance Period ( May 31, 2026) subject to the executive officer’s Continuous Service (as defined in the 2018 Plan), but will not settle and payout until the percentage of the 2024 Performance Awards earned is determined by the Committee. The executive officer may earn between 0% and 100% of the target award value based on the Company’s achievement of the Performance Goals.
If the executive officer’s Continuous Service terminates for any reason other than: (i) without Cause (as defined in the 2018 Plan) within 3 months of the end of the Performance Period; (ii) death; (iii) Disability (as defined in the 2018 Plan); or (iv) in connection with a Change in Control (as defined in the 2018 Plan), unless the Committee determines otherwise, the 2024 Performance Award shall be forfeited and canceled immediately without consideration. If the executive officer’s Continuous Service terminates without Cause within 3 months before the end of the Performance Period, a pro rata portion of the 2024 Performance Awards (calculated based on the days elapsed in a Performance Period prior to the termination of Continuous Service divided by the total days in the Performance Period) shall vest and become payable. If the executive officer’s Continuous Service terminates due to death or Disability prior to the end of the Performance Period, the 2024 Performance Awards will vest at 100% of the target award value. If the executive officer’s Continuous Service is terminated without Cause following a Change in Control, the 2024 Performance Awards will vest at 100% of the target award value.
The foregoing description is only a summary of the terms of the 2024 Performance Awards and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the 2024 Performance Awards, which has been filed as an exhibit to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ending February 29, 2024.
Aphria Diamond Amalgamation and Amendment to Bank of Montreal Credit Facility
On March 14, 2024, 1974568 Ontario Limited (an Ontario Corporation doing business as “Aphria Diamond”) completed an amalgamation with Tilray Canada Ltd., with the successor corporation continuing as Aphria Diamond Inc. (“Aphria Diamond”). Following this amalgamation, Tilray continues to own 51% of the equity interests in Aphria Diamond. In connection with the amalgamation transaction, Aphria Diamond also entered into the Second Amending Agreement, Consent and Waiver (the “BMO Amendment”). The BMO Amendment amended the existing Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 28, 2022, by and among Aphria Diamond, Aphria Inc., Tilray Brands, Inc., and Bank of Montreal, among others. The BMO Amendment provides, among other things, for lender consent to the amalgamation and customary benchmark replacement mechanics incorporating the Canadian Overnight Repo Rate Average.
APHA 24 Convertible Debt Exchange
On April 9, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement to exchange $41.9 million principal amount of its APHA 24 Notes for cancellation by issuing up to 25,000,000 shares. The foregoing issuance of Tilray’s common stock was made in reliance on the exemption provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for the offer and sale of securities not involving a public offering. No underwriter participated in the offer and sale of the shares issued, and no commission or other remuneration was paid or given directly or indirectly in connection therewith.
| Exhibit Number |
Description | |
| 32.2** |
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| 101* |
The following financial statements from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 29, 2024, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss , (iii) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text and including detailed tags. |
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| 104* |
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) |
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
† Schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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Tilray Brands, Inc. |
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| Date: April 9, 2024 |
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By: |
/s/ Irwin D. Simon |
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Irwin D. Simon |
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Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |
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| Date: April 9, 2024 |
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By: |
/s/ Carl Merton |
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Carl Merton |
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Chief Financial Officer |