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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2021


	Fiscal Year
	2021		2020		2019

	(In millions, except per share data)
Dividends per share to common stockholders	$	14.40	$	13.00	$	10.60
Dividends to common stockholders	$	5,913	$	5,235	$	4,235
Dividends per share to preferred stockholders	$	80.00	$	80.00	$	—
Dividends to preferred stockholders	$	299	$	299	$	—

Summary of Stock-Based Compensation Expense


	Fiscal Year
	2021		2020		2019

	(In millions)
Cost of products sold	$	78	$	109	$	120
Cost of subscriptions and services	65		50		43
Research and development	1,199		1,419		1,532
Selling, general and administrative	362		398		490
Total stock-based compensation expense (a)	$	1,704	$	1,976	$	2,185

Estimated income tax benefits for stock-based compensation	$	283	$	345	$	400
Excess income tax benefits for stock-based awards exercised or released	$	310	$	147	$	232

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(a)Fiscal year 2019 stock-based compensation expense does not include $75 million restructuring charges for accelerated vesting of assumed equity awards held by employees terminated in connection with the CA Merger.

Summary of Market-Based Awards Weighted-Average Assumptions

The following table summarizes the weighted-average assumptions utilized to calculate the fair value of market-based awards granted in the periods presented:



	Fiscal Year
	2021		2020		2019
Risk-free interest rate	0.3	%	1.2	%	2.7	%
Dividend yield	3.0	%	4.7	%	4.4	%
Volatility	39.0	%	31.2	%	33.0	%
Expected term (in years)	3.4		4.0		4.0

Summary of Restricted Stock Unit Awards

A summary of time- and market-based RSU activity is as follows:


	Number of RSUs Outstanding	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share

	(In millions, except per share data)
Balance as of November 4, 2018	18	$	195.50
Assumed in CA Merger	1	$	206.14
Granted	33	$	183.64
Vested	(10)	$	192.28
Forfeited	(2)	$	182.80
Balance as of November 3, 2019	40	$	188.52
Granted	3	$	252.36
Vested	(8)	$	210.84
Forfeited	(3)	$	198.17
Balance as of November 1, 2020	32	$	188.35
Granted	2	$	408.69
Vested	(8)	$	214.15
Forfeited	(3)	$	189.84
Balance as of October 31, 2021	23	$	200.38