UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

________________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

________________________________________________

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019

or

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                    to                    

Commission file number 001-36507

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frontdoor, inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	82-3871179
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(IRS Employer Identification No.)

150 Peabody Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38103

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

901-701-5002

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on which Registered
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share	FTDR	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes  x  No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes  x  No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o	Accelerated filer o	Non-accelerated filer x	Smaller reporting company o
			Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes  o  No  x

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of November 1, 2019: 84,663,282 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share.

frontdoor, inc.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND SELECTED ABBREVIATIONS

In order to aid the reader, we have included certain terms and abbreviations used throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q below:

Term/Abbreviation	Definition
2018 Form 10-K	frontdoor, inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018
2026 Notes	6.750% senior notes in the aggregate principal amount of $350 million
AOCI	Accumulated other comprehensive income or loss
ASC	FASB Accounting Standards Codification
ASC 606	ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers
ASC 740	ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes
ASC 842	ASC Topic 842, Leases
ASU	FASB Accounting Standards Update
ASU 2016-02	ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)
ASU 2016-13	ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments–Credit Losses (Topic 326)
ASU 2018-15	ASU 2018-15, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract
Code	Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
Credit Agreement	The agreements governing the Term Loan Facility and the Revolving Credit Facility
Credit Facilities	The Term Loan Facility together with the Revolving Credit Facility
ESPP	frontdoor, inc. 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Exchange Act	Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
FASB	U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board
HVAC	Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
Indenture	The indenture and supplemental indenture between Frontdoor and Wilmington Trust, National Association as trustee, that governs the 2026 Notes
IRS	Internal Revenue Service
Omnibus Plan	frontdoor, inc. 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Parent or ServiceMaster	ServiceMaster Global Holdings, Inc.
Revolving Credit Facility	$250 million revolving credit facility
SEC	U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
Securities Act	Securities Act of 1933, as amended
Term Loan Facility	$650 million senior secured term loan facility
U.S.	United States of America
U.S. GAAP	Accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S.

The following terms in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are our trademarks: frontdoor^™, American Home Shield^®, HSA^®, OneGuard^®, Landmark^® and the frontdoor logo.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page ‎No.
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position	4
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Changes in (Deficit) Equity	5
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows	6
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements	7
Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements	20
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	22
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	35
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	35
Part II. Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	36
Item 1A. Risk Factors	36
Item 6. Exhibits	37
Signature	38

 
‎

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

(In millions, except per share data)

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Revenue	$	407	$	377	$	1,065	$	979
Cost of services rendered		201		202		526		532
Gross Profit		206		176		539		448
Selling and administrative expenses		104		90		297		259
Depreciation and amortization expense		6		5		18		14
Restructuring charges		—		—		—		3
Spin-off charges		—		8		1		23
Affiliate royalty expense		—		1		—		1
Interest expense		16		7		47		7
Interest income from affiliate		—		—		—		(2)
Interest and net investment income		(2)		—		(5)		(1)
Income before Income Taxes		82		65		180		143
Provision for income taxes		21		16		46		36
Net Income	$	61	$	49	$	134	$	108
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Income Taxes:
Net unrealized gain on securities		—		—		—		—
Net unrealized loss on derivative instruments		(3)		—		(16)		—
Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Income Taxes		(3)		—		(15)		—
Total Comprehensive Income	$	57	$	49	$	119	$	108
Earnings per Share:
Basic	$	0.72	$	0.58	$	1.59	$	1.28
Diluted	$	0.72	$	0.58	$	1.58	$	1.28
Weighted-average Common Shares Outstanding:
Basic		84.7		84.5		84.6		84.5
Diluted		84.9		84.5		84.8		84.5

See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

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3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share data)

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Assets:
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	425	$	296
Marketable securities		7		9
Receivables, less allowance of $2 in each period		8		12
Contract asset		37		—
Prepaid expenses and other assets		12		13
Total Current Assets		489		330
Other Assets:
Property and equipment, net		49		47
Goodwill		477		476
Intangible assets, net		155		158
Operating lease right-of-use assets		17		—
Deferred customer acquisition costs		18		21
Other assets		11		10
Total Assets	$	1,217	$	1,041
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	55	$	41
Accrued liabilities:
Payroll and related expenses		15		10
Home service plan claims		78		67
Interest payable		3		9
Other		35		26
Deferred revenue		180		185
Current portion of long-term debt		7		7
Total Current Liabilities		373		345
Long-Term Debt		974		977
Other Long-Term Liabilities:
Deferred taxes		37		39
Operating lease liabilities		20		—
Other long-term obligations		31		24
Total Other Long-Term Liabilities		89		63
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8)
Shareholders' Equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 2,000,000,000 shares authorized; 84,657,602 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019 and 84,545,152 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018		1		1
Additional paid-in capital		8		1
Accumulated deficit		(202)		(336)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(25)		(9)
Total Deficit		(219)		(344)
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity	$	1,217	$	1,041

See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

4

Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statement of Changes in (Deficit) Equity (Unaudited)

(In millions)

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Net Parent Investment
Balance at beginning of period	$	—	$	657	$	—	$	661
Net income		—		49		—		108
Stock-based employee compensation		—		1		—		3
Adoption of ASC 606		—		—		—		2
Net transfers to Parent		—		(147)		—		(213)
Non-cash debt exchange with Parent		—		(1,000)		—		(1,000)
Balance at end of period		—		(439)		—		(439)
Common Stock
Balance at beginning of period		1		—		1		—
Balance at end of period		1		—		1		—
Additional Paid-in Capital
Balance at beginning of period		6		—		1		—
Stock-based employee compensation		2		—		7		—
Balance at end of period		8		—		8		—
Accumulated Deficit
Balance at beginning of period		(263)		—		(336)		—
Net income		61		—		134		—
Balance at end of period		(202)		—		(202)		—
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance at beginning of period		(21)		—		(9)		—
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax		(3)		—		(15)		—
Balance at end of period		(25)		—		(25)		—
Total Deficit	$	(219)	$	(439)	$	(219)	$	(439)

See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

 
‎

5

Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(In millions)

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2019		2018
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period	$	296	$	282
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net Income		134		108
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense		18		14
Deferred income tax provision		3		5
Stock-based compensation expense		7		3
Restructuring charges		—		3
Payments for restructuring charges		—		(6)
Spin-off charges		1		23
Payments for spin-off charges		(1)		(22)
Other		4		—
Change in working capital, net of acquisitions:
Receivables		3		5
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(32)		(28)
Accounts payable		14		13
Deferred revenue		(5)		(8)
Accrued liabilities		10		12
Accrued interest payable		(6)		3
Current income taxes		4		—
Net Cash Provided from Operating Activities		154		126
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		(15)		(21)
Business acquisitions, net of cash received		(3)		—
Purchases of available-for-sale securities		(7)		(16)
Sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities		9		33
Other investing activities		(3)		—
Net Cash Used for Investing Activities		(19)		(4)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Payments of debt and finance lease obligations		(5)		(6)
Net transfers to Parent		—		(74)
Discount paid on issuance of debt		—		(2)
Debt issuance costs paid		—		(16)
Net Cash Used for Financing Activities		(6)		(98)
Cash Increase During the Period		129		23
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period	$	425	$	305

See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements

 
‎

6

frontdoor, inc.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “Frontdoor,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to frontdoor, inc. and all of its subsidiaries. Frontdoor is a Delaware corporation with its principal executive offices in Memphis, Tennessee. Certain amounts presented in the tables in this report are subject to rounding adjustments and, as a result, the totals in such tables may not sum.

We are the largest provider of home service plans in the United States, as measured by revenue, and operate under the American Home Shield, HSA, OneGuard and Landmark brands. Our customizable home service plans help customers protect and maintain their homes, typically their most valuable asset, from costly and unplanned breakdowns of essential home systems and appliances. Our home service plans cover the repair or replacement of major components of up to 21 household systems and appliances, including electrical, plumbing, central HVAC systems, water heaters, refrigerators, dishwashers and ranges/ovens/cooktops. We serve customers across all 50 states and the District of Columbia.

On October 1, 2018, ServiceMaster completed the spin-off of its businesses operated under the American Home Shield, HSA, OneGuard and Landmark brand names (the “Separated Business”) into a stand-alone publicly traded company (the “Spin-off”). Frontdoor was formed as a wholly-owned subsidiary of ServiceMaster on January 2, 2018 for the purpose of holding the Separated Business in connection with the Spin-off. During 2018, ServiceMaster contributed the Separated Business to Frontdoor. The Spin-off was completed by a pro rata distribution to ServiceMaster’s stockholders of approximately 80.2% of our common stock. Each holder of ServiceMaster common stock received one share of our common stock for every two shares of ServiceMaster common stock held at the close of business on September 14, 2018, the record date of the distribution. The Spin-off was completed pursuant to a separation and distribution agreement and other agreements with ServiceMaster related to the Spin-off, including a transition services agreement, a tax matters agreement, an employee matters agreement and a stockholder and registration rights agreement.

On March 20, 2019, ServiceMaster agreed to transfer its remaining 16,734,092 shares of Frontdoor stock to a financial institution pursuant to an exchange agreement. Subsequent to that date, the financial institution conducted a secondary offering of those shares. The transfer was completed on March 27, 2019, resulting in the full separation of Frontdoor from ServiceMaster and the disposal of ServiceMaster's entire ownership and voting interest in Frontdoor.

Prior to the Spin-off, we did not operate as a separate company, and stand-alone financial statements were not historically prepared. The accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements reflect the combined operations of the Separated Business for periods prior to the completion of the Spin-off and reflect our consolidated operations for the period after the completion of the Spin-off. These condensed consolidated and combined financial statements reflect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with U.S. GAAP. Our financial position, results of operations and cash flows may not be indicative of our condition had we been a separate stand-alone entity during the periods presented, nor are the results stated herein necessarily indicative of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows had we operated as a separate, independent company during the periods presented.

The accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements include all revenues, costs, assets and liabilities directly attributable to us. ServiceMaster’s debt and corresponding interest expense were not allocated to us for periods prior to the Spin-off since we were not the obligor of the debt. The accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income include allocations of certain costs from ServiceMaster incurred on our behalf. Such corporate-level costs were allocated to us using methods based on proportionate formulas such as revenue, headcount and others. Such corporate costs include costs pertaining to: accounting and finance; legal; human resources; technology; insurance; marketing; tax services; procurement services and other costs. We consider the expense allocation methodology and results to be reasonable for all periods presented. However, these allocations may not be indicative of the actual level of expense that we would have incurred if we had operated as a separate stand-alone, publicly traded company during the periods presented nor are these costs necessarily indicative of costs we may incur in the future. See Note 9 to the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements for information regarding allocations from ServiceMaster.

Prior to the Spin-off, current and deferred income taxes and related tax expense were determined based on our stand-alone results by applying ASC 740 as if we were a separate taxpayer, following the separate return methodology. Our portion of current income taxes payable was deemed to have been remitted to ServiceMaster in the period the related tax expense was recorded. Our portion of current income taxes receivable was deemed to have been remitted to us by ServiceMaster in the period to which the receivable applies only to the extent that we could have recognized a refund of such taxes on a stand-alone basis under the law of the relevant taxing jurisdiction. See Note 6 to the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements for additional information.

7

We recommend that the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated and combined financial statements and the notes thereto included in our 2018 Form 10-K. The accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for any interim period are not indicative of the results that might be achieved for a full year.

 Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the audited consolidated and combined financial statements included in our 2018 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, other than the adoption of ASC 842, which became effective January 1, 2019.

Leases

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. We recognize an ROU asset and lease liability for all leases with terms of 12 months or more. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. We use the implicit rate when readily determinable. The operating lease ROU asset is recorded net of lease incentives. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for separately for our real estate leases. See Note 5 to the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements for information related to our leases.

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, which is the final standard on accounting for leases. While both lessees and lessors are affected by the new guidance, the effects on lessees are much more significant. The most significant change for lessees is the requirement under the new guidance to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for all leases. The lease liability represents the lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease and is measured as the present value of the lease payments. The ROU asset represents the lessee’s right to use a specified asset for the lease term and will be measured at the lease liability amount, adjusted for lease prepayment, lease incentives received and the lessee’s initial direct costs.

We adopted ASC 842 effective January 1, 2019. We utilized the permitted alternative transition method, which removed the requirement that the financial statements of prior periods be restated. There was no cumulative effect adjustment recorded to beginning equity as a result of our adoption of this standard. We also elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which allowed us to carry forward our historical lease classification, our assessment on whether expired or existing contracts were or contained a lease and our initial direct costs for any leases that existed prior to adoption of the new standard. In addition, we have elected the practical expedients that allow us, by class of underlying asset, to not separate lease and non-lease components and to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with lease terms of 12 months or less.

This standard had a material impact on our condensed consolidated statements of financial position but did not have an impact on our condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income or condensed consolidated and combined statements of cash flows. The most significant impact was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities of approximately $24 million for operating leases, while our accounting for finance leases remained unchanged.

Accounting Standards Issued but Not Yet Effective

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, which requires earlier recognition of credit losses while also providing additional transparency about credit risk. Further, the new credit loss model utilizes a lifetime expected credit loss measurement objective for the recognition of credit losses at the time the financial asset is originated or acquired. The expected credit losses are adjusted each period for changes in expected lifetime credit losses. We plan to adopt this standard and related amendments on its effective date of January 1, 2020 and are currently evaluating its impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

8

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. We plan to adopt this standard on its effective date of January 1, 2020 and are currently evaluating its impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Note 3. Revenue

We enter into yearly service plan agreements with our customers. We have one performance obligation, which is to provide for the repair or replacement of essential home systems and appliances, as applicable per the contract. We recognize revenue at the agreed upon contractual amount over time using the input method in proportion to the costs expected to be incurred in performing services under the contracts. Those costs bear a direct relationship to the fulfillment of our obligations under the contracts and are representative of the relative value provided to the customer. As the costs to fulfill the obligations of the home service plans are incurred on an other-than-straight-line basis, we utilize historical evidence to estimate the expected claims expense and related timing of such costs. This adjustment to the straight-line revenue creates a contract asset or contract liability, as described under the heading “Contract balances” below. We regularly review our estimates of claims costs and adjust the estimates when appropriate. We derive all of our revenue from customers in the United States.

We disaggregate revenue from contracts with customers into major customer acquisition channels. We determined that disaggregating revenue into these categories achieves the disclosure objective to depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Revenue by major customer acquisition channel is as follows:

___

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(In millions)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Renewals	$	278	$	251	$	722	$	648
Real estate		77		78		206		205
Direct-to-consumer		50		47		131		122
Other		2		1		6		4
Total	$	407	$	377	$	1,065	$	979

Renewals

Revenue from all customer renewals, whether initiated via the real estate or direct-to-consumer channel, are classified as renewals above. Customer payments for renewals are received either at the commencement of the renewal period or in installments over the contract period.

Real estate

Real estate home service plans are sold through annual contracts in connection with a real estate sale, and payments are typically paid in full at closing. First-year revenue from the real estate channel is classified as real estate above.

Direct- to-consumer

Direct-to-consumer home service plans are sold through annual contracts when customers request a service plan in response to marketing efforts or when third-party resellers make a sale. Customer payments are received either at the commencement of the contract or in installments over the contract period. First-year revenue from the direct-to-consumer channel is classified as direct-to-consumer above.

Costs to obtain a contract with a customer

We capitalize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer, primarily commissions, and recognize the expense using the input method in proportion to the costs expected to be incurred in performing services under the contracts, over the expected customer relationship period. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, deferred customer acquisition costs were $18 million and $21 million, respectively. Amortization of these deferred acquisition costs was $6 million for each of the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, and $16 million and $17 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. There was no impairment loss in relation to these capitalized costs.

9

Contract balances

Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Contracts with customers, including contracts resulting from customer renewals, are generally for a period of one year. We record a receivable related to revenue recognized on services once we have an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment in the future related to the services provided. All accounts receivable are recorded within Receivables, less allowances, in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of financial position. We invoice our monthly-pay customers on a straight-line basis over the contract term. As a result, a contract asset is created when revenue is recognized on monthly-pay customers before being billed. As of September 30, 2019, a contract asset of $37 million was recorded related to the recognition of monthly-pay customer revenue on an other-than-straight-line basis to match the timing of cost recognition.

Deferred revenue represents a contract liability and is recognized when cash payments are received in advance of the performance of services, including when the amounts are refundable. Amounts are recognized as revenue in proportion to the costs expected to be incurred in performing services under our contracts. Deferred revenue was $180 million and $185 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Changes in deferred revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 were as follows:

(In millions)	Deferred ‎revenue
Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	185
Deferral of revenue		309
Recognition of deferred revenue		(314)
Balance as of September 30, 2019	$	180

Of the $185 million that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2018, there was approximately $40 million and $184 million of revenue recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.

Note 4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized and are subject to assessment for impairment by applying a fair-value-based test on an annual basis or more frequently if circumstances indicate a potential impairment. An assessment for impairment is performed on October 1 of every year. The balance of goodwill was $477 million and $476 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. There were no goodwill or trade name impairment charges recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. There were no accumulated impairment losses recorded as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. During the second quarter of 2019, we completed a business acquisition for $3 million in cash, which was primarily allocated to other intangible assets and goodwill.

The table below summarizes the other intangible asset balances:

	As of September 30, 2019						As of December 31, 2018
(In millions)	Gross		Accumulated ‎Amortization		Net		Gross		Accumulated ‎Amortization		Net
Trade name(1)	$	140	$	—	$	140	$	140	$	—	$	140
Customer relationships		173		(167)		5		173		(165)		7
Other		34		(25)		9		32		(22)		10
Total	$	347	$	(192)	$	155	$	345	$	(187)	$	158

___________________________________

(1)Not subject to amortization.

Amortization expense was $1 million and $2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $5 million and $6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The following table outlines expected amortization expense for existing intangible assets for the remainder of 2019 and future years:

(In millions)
2019 (remainder)	$	1
2020		6
2021		4
2022		1
2023		1
Total	$	14

10

Note 5. Leases

We have operating leases primarily for corporate offices and call centers and finance leases for vehicles. Our leases have remaining lease terms of one year to 15 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to five years. Renewal options that are reasonably certain to be exercised are included in the lease term. An incremental borrowing rate is used in determining the present value of lease payments unless an implicit rate is readily determinable. Incremental borrowing rates are determined based on our secured borrowing rating and the lease term. Disclosures related to finance lease obligations are immaterial and, as such, are not included in the discussion below.

The weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate is as follows:

	As of September 30, 2019
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases		10
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases		6.2	%

We recognized operating lease expense, including allocated corporate rent for the period prior to the Spin-off, of $1 million and $2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $3 million and $4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These expenses are included in Selling and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income.

Supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases is as follows:

	Nine Months Ended
(In millions)	September 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities	$	3
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities		1

As a result of our adoption of ASC 842, we recognized ROU assets and lease liabilities of approximately $24 million for operating leases as of January 1, 2019. These amounts are excluded from the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of cash flows as non-cash operating activities. Our accounting for finance leases remained unchanged.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases is as follows:

(In millions)	As of September 30, 2019
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	23
Less lease incentives		(6)
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	17
Other accrued liabilities	$	3
Operating lease liabilities		20
Total operating lease liabilities	$	23

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The following table presents maturities of our operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019.

	Operating
(In millions)	Leases
2019 (remainder)	$	1
2020		4
2021		4
2022		4
2023		3
2024		2
Thereafter		13
Total lease payments		32
Less imputed interest		(9)
Total	$	23

As previously disclosed in our 2018 Form 10-K, based on leases in place as of December 31, 2018, future long-term noncancelable operating lease payments were expected to be approximately $4 million in 2019, $4 million in 2020, $4 million in 2021, $3 million in 2022, $3 million in 2023 and $12 million in 2024 and thereafter. These amounts exclude the impact of lease incentives of $5 million.

Note 6. Income Taxes

As discussed above, although we were historically included in the consolidated income tax returns of ServiceMaster, our income taxes prior to the Spin-off were computed and are reported herein under the “separate return method.” Use of the separate return method may result in differences when the sum of the amounts allocated to stand-alone provisions are compared with amounts presented in financial statements. In that event, the related deferred tax assets and liabilities could be significantly different from those presented herein. Certain tax attributes, e.g., net operating loss carryforwards, which were reflected in ServiceMaster’s consolidated financial statements may or may not exist at the stand-alone Frontdoor level.

As required by ASC 740, we compute interim period income taxes by applying an anticipated annual effective tax rate to our year-to-date income or loss from operations before income taxes, except for significant unusual or infrequently occurring items. Our estimated tax rate is adjusted each quarter in accordance with ASC 740. The effective tax rate on income was 25.7 percent and 24.5 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 25.5 percent and 24.8 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

We are subject to taxation in the United States and various states. Pursuant to the terms of the tax matters agreement entered into with ServiceMaster in connection with the Spin-off, we are not subject to federal examination by the IRS or examination by state taxing authorities where a unitary or combined state income tax return is filed for the years prior to 2018. We are not subject to state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities in jurisdictions where separate income tax returns are filed for the years prior to 2014. All of our income before income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was generated in the United States.

Our policy is to recognize potential interest and penalties related to our tax positions within the tax provision. Total interest and penalties included in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income are immaterial.

Note 7. Spin-off Charges

We incurred Spin-off charges of less than $1 million (less than $1 million, net of tax) and $8 million ($6 million, net of tax) for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $1 million ($1 million, net of tax) and $23 million ($18 million, net of tax) for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

These charges include nonrecurring costs incurred to evaluate, plan and execute the Spin-off. For the three months ended September 30, 2018, Spin-off charges primarily comprised $7 million of third-party consulting fees and $1 million of other incremental costs directly related to the Spin-off process.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, Spin-off charges were primarily comprised of third-party consulting fees. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, Spin-off charges primarily comprised $19 million of third-party consulting fees and $4 million of other incremental costs directly related to the Spin-off process.

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The pre-tax charges discussed above are reported in “Spin-off charges” in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of accrued Spin-off charges, which are included in "Accrued liabilities—other" on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of financial position, is presented as follows:

(In millions)	Accrued ‎Spin-off ‎Charges
Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	—
Costs incurred		1
Costs paid or otherwise settled		(1)
Balance as of September 30, 2019	$	—
Balance as of December 31, 2017	$	1
Costs incurred(1)		21
Costs paid or otherwise settled		(22)
Balance as of September 30, 2018	$	—

___________________________________

(1)An additional $2 million of Spin-off charges were pre-paid in 2017 and subsequently expensed during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we incurred incremental capital expenditures required to effect the Spin-off of $2 million and $13 million, respectively, principally reflecting costs to replicate technology systems historically shared with ServiceMaster.

Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies

Accruals for home service plan claims are made based on claims experience and actuarial projections. Accruals are established based on estimates of the ultimate cost to settle claims. Home service plan claims take approximately three months to settle, on average, and substantially all claims are settled within six months of incurrence. The amount of time required to settle a claim can vary based on a number of factors, including whether a replacement is ultimately required. In addition to our estimates, we engage a third-party actuary to perform an accrual analysis utilizing generally accepted actuarial methods that incorporate cumulative historical claims experience and information provided by us. We regularly review our estimates of claims costs along with the third-party analysis and adjust the estimates when appropriate. We believe the use of actuarial methods to account for these liabilities provides a consistent and effective way to measure these judgmental accruals.

We have certain liabilities with respect to existing or potential claims, lawsuits and other proceedings. We accrue for these liabilities when it is probable that future costs will be incurred and such costs can be reasonably estimated. Any resulting adjustments, which could be material, are recorded in the period the adjustments are identified.

Due to the nature of our business activities, we are at times subject to pending and threatened legal and regulatory actions that arise out of the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, based in part upon advice of legal counsel, the disposition of any such matters is not expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. However, the results of legal actions cannot be predicted with certainty. Therefore, it is possible that our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows could be materially adversely affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution of one or more legal actions. 

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Note 9. Related Party Transactions

ServiceMaster was a related party to Frontdoor prior to the Spin-off. The significant transactions and balances with ServiceMaster prior to the Spin-off are described below.

Separation from ServiceMaster

Prior to the Spin-off, we were managed and operated in the normal course of business by ServiceMaster along with other businesses. Accordingly, certain shared costs were allocated to us and are reflected as expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements. Our management considers the expenses included and the allocation methodologies used to be reasonable and appropriate reflections of the historical ServiceMaster expenses attributable to us for purposes of the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements; however, the expenses reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements may not be indicative of the actual expenses that would have been incurred during the periods presented if we historically operated as a separate, stand-alone entity. In addition, the expenses reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements may not be indicative of related expenses that we could incur in the future.

Corporate expenses

The accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements include transactions with ServiceMaster for services (such as executive functions, information systems, accounting and finance, human resources, legal and general corporate expenses) that were provided to us by the centralized ServiceMaster organization. Corporate-level items also include personnel-related expenses of corporate employees (such as salaries, insurance coverage, stock-based compensation costs, etc.). Throughout the period covered by the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements, the costs of such functions, services and items were directly charged or allocated to us using methods management believes are reasonable. The methods for allocating functions, services and items to us were based on proportional allocation bases which include revenue, headcount and others. All such costs were deemed to have been incurred and settled in the period in which the costs were recorded. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, directly charged corporate expenses are included in Selling and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income in the amounts of $7 million and $14 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, allocated corporate expenses are included in Selling and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income in the amounts of $11 million and $35 million, respectively.

ServiceMaster trade and service marks

We had a trademark license agreement with ServiceMaster in which we were charged a royalty fee for the use of ServiceMaster-owned trade and service marks. The royalty fee was 0.175 percent of our customer revenues for the period. The royalty fee is included within Affiliate royalty expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income in the amounts $1 million for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The trademark license agreement with ServiceMaster was terminated in connection with the Spin-off.

Health insurance coverage

Our employees participated in a self-insured health insurance program administered by ServiceMaster through June 30, 2018. We paid premiums to ServiceMaster for this coverage, which were based on the number of our employees in the medical plan. These premiums are reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income in the amount of $6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. As we entered into a separate health insurance program effective July 1, 2018, there are no premiums associated with ServiceMaster’s program recorded in the three months ended September 30, 2018. In addition to these costs, a portion of medical insurance costs for corporate employees were allocated to us through the corporate expense allocation discussed under the heading “Corporate expenses” above.

Risk management

Prior to the Spin-off, ServiceMaster carried insurance policies on insurable risks related to our business at levels which it believed to be appropriate, including workers’ compensation, automobile and general liability risks. These insurance policies were purchased from third-party insurance carriers, which typically incorporated significant deductibles or self-insured retentions. We paid a premium to ServiceMaster in exchange for the coverage provided. Expenses related to coverage provided by ServiceMaster and changes in ultimate losses relating to self-insured programs are reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income in the amounts of $1 million and $2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Our coverage under these self-insured programs was terminated in connection with the Spin-off.

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Note 10. Stock-Based Compensation

We recognized stock-based compensation expense of $2 million ($2 million, net of tax) and $1 million ($1 million, net of tax) for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $7 million ($5 million, net of tax) and $3 million ($2 million, net of tax) for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These charges are included in Selling and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income.

As of September 30, 2019, there was $20 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance shares granted under the Omnibus Plan. These remaining costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.72 years.

On March 21, 2019, our board of directors approved and recommended for approval by our stockholders the ESPP, which was approved by our stockholders on April 29, 2019 and became effective for offering periods commencing July 1, 2019. The ESPP is intended to qualify for favorable tax treatment under Section 423 of the Code. Under the plan, eligible employees of the Company may purchase common stock, subject to IRS limits, during pre-specified offering periods at a discount established by Frontdoor not to exceed 15 percent of the then current fair market value. A maximum of 1,250,000 shares of our common stock are authorized for sale under the plan.

Note 11. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt is summarized in the following table:

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
(In millions)	2019		2018
Term Loan Facility maturing in 2025(1)	$	635	$	639
Revolving Credit Facility maturing in 2023		—		—
2026 Notes(2)		345		344
Other		1		1
Less current portion		(7)		(7)
Total long-term debt	$	974	$	977

___________________________________

(1)As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, presented net of $7 million and $8 million, respectively, in unamortized debt issuance costs and $1 million and $2 million, respectively, in unamortized original issue discount paid.

(2)As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, presented net of $5 million and $6 million, respectively, in unamortized debt issuance costs. 

Note 12. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental information relating to the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of cash flows is presented in the following table:

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
(In millions)	2019		2018
Cash paid for or (received from):
Interest expense	$	51	$	4
Income tax payments, net of refunds(1)		39		—
Interest and dividend income		(4)		(1)

___________________________________

(1)Prior to the Spin-off, all income tax payments and refunds were paid and received by ServiceMaster on our behalf. 

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Note 13. Cash and Marketable Securities

Cash, money market funds and certificates of deposit with maturities of three months or less when purchased are included in Cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of financial position. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, marketable securities primarily consisted of treasury bills with maturities of less than one year and are classified as available-for-sale securities. The amortized cost, fair value and gross unrealized gains and losses of our short-term investments are as follows:

			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair
(In millions)	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
Available-for-sale securities, September 30, 2019
Debt securities	$	7	$	—	$	—	$	7
Available-for-sale securities, December 31, 2018
Debt securities	$	9	$	—	$	—	$	9

There were no unrealized losses which had been in a loss position for more than one year as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Gains and losses on sales of investments, as determined on a specific identification basis, are included in investment income in the period they are realized. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, there were no gross realized gains or losses resulting from sales of available-for-sale securities. The table below summarizes proceeds and maturities for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(In millions)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Proceeds from sale of securities	$	—	$	16	$	—	$	17
Maturities of securities		5		6		9		15

We periodically review our portfolio of investments to determine whether there has been an other-than-temporary decline in the value of the investments from factors such as deterioration in the financial condition of the issuer or the market(s) in which the issuer competes. There were no impairment charges due to declines in the value of these investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

Note 14. Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss), which includes net income (loss), unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments and unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, is disclosed in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income and condensed consolidated and combined statements of changes in equity.

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The following tables summarize the activity in AOCI, net of the related tax effects.

			Unrealized
			Gains (Losses)
	Unrealized		on Available
	Loss		-for-Sale
(In millions)	on Derivatives		Securities		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	(9)	$	—	$	(9)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications:
Pre-tax amount		(22)		—		(22)
Tax provision (benefit)		(5)		—		(5)
After-tax amount		(17)		—		(17)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated ‎  other comprehensive income (loss)(1)		1		—		1
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)		(16)		—		(15)
Balance as of September 30, 2019	$	(25)	$	—	$	(25)
Balance as of December 31, 2017	$	—	$	—	$	—
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)		—		—		—
Balance as of September 30, 2018	$	—	$	—	$	—

___________________________________

(1)Amounts are net of tax. See reclassifications out of AOCI below for further details.

Reclassifications out of AOCI included the following components for the periods indicated.

	Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated
	Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	As of September 30,				Consolidated and Combined Statements of
(In millions)	2019		2018		Operations and Comprehensive Income Location
Loss on interest rate swap contract	$	(2)	$	—	Interest expense
Impact of income taxes		—		—	Provision for income taxes
Total reclassifications related to derivatives	$	(1)	$	—
Total reclassifications for the period	$	(1)	$	—

Note 15. Derivative Financial Instruments

We currently use a derivative financial instrument to manage risks associated with changes in interest rates. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. In designating derivative financial instruments as hedging instruments under accounting standards for derivative instruments, we formally document the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, as well as the risk management objective and strategy for the use of the hedging instrument. This documentation includes linking the derivatives to forecasted transactions. We assess at the time a derivative contract is entered into, and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the derivative item is effective in offsetting the projected cash flows of the associated forecasted transaction.

We hedge the interest payments on a portion of our variable rate debt through the use of an interest rate swap agreement. Our interest rate swap contract is classified as a cash flow hedge, and, as such, it is recorded on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of financial position as either an asset or liability at fair value, with the effective portion of changes in the fair value attributable to the hedged risks recorded in AOCI. Any change in the fair value of the hedging instrument resulting from ineffectiveness, as defined by accounting standards, is recognized in current period earnings. Cash flows related to the interest rate swap contract are classified as operating activities in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of cash flows.

The effective portion of the gain or loss on our interest rate swap contract is recorded in AOCI. These amounts are reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecasted debt interest settlement affects earnings. See Note 14 to the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements for the effective portion of the gain or loss on derivative instruments recorded in AOCI and for the amounts reclassified out of AOCI and into earnings. As the underlying forecasted transactions occur during the next 12 months, the unrealized hedging loss in AOCI expected to be recognized in earnings is $4 million, net of tax, as of September 30, 2019. The amounts that are ultimately reclassified into earnings will be based on actual interest rates at the time the positions are settled and may differ materially from the amount noted above.

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Note 16. Fair Value Measurements

We estimate fair value at a price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal market for the asset or liability. The valuation techniques require inputs that the business categorizes using a three-level hierarchy, from highest to lowest level of observable inputs, as follows: unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets ("Level 1"); direct or indirect observable inputs, including quoted prices or other market data, for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or identical assets or liabilities in less active markets ("Level 2"); and unobservable inputs that require significant judgment for which there is little or no market data ("Level 3"). When multiple input levels are required for a valuation, we categorize the entire fair value measurement according to the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement, even though we may have also utilized significant inputs that are more readily observable.

The period-end carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. The period-end carrying amount of short-term marketable securities also approximates fair value and consists of available-for-sale debt securities. Unrealized gains and losses are reported net of tax as a component of AOCI in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of financial position. Any unrealized losses where the decline in value is other than temporary are reported in Interest and net investment income in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income. There were no other-than-temporary declines in value for the periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The carrying amount of total debt was $981 million and $984 million, and the estimated fair value was $1,029 million and $958 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The fair value of our debt is estimated based on available market prices for the same or similar instruments that are considered significant other observable inputs (Level 2) within the fair value hierarchy. The fair values presented reflect the amounts that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The fair value estimates presented in this report are based on information available to us as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

We value our interest rate swap contract using a forward interest rate curve obtained from a third-party market data provider. The fair value of the contract is the sum of the expected future settlements between the contract counterparties, discounted to present value. The expected future settlements are determined by comparing the contract interest rate to the expected forward interest rate as of each settlement date and applying the difference between the two rates to the notional amount of debt in the interest rate swap contract.

We did not change our valuation techniques for measuring the fair value of any financial assets and liabilities during the year. Transfers between levels, if any, are recognized at the end of the reporting period. There were no transfers between levels during each of the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

The carrying amount and estimated fair value of our financial instruments that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis for the periods presented are as follows:

				Estimated Fair Value Measurements
(In millions)	Statement of Financial ‎Position Location	Carrying ‎Value		Quoted ‎Prices ‎In Active ‎Markets ‎(Level 1)		Significant ‎Other ‎Observable ‎Inputs ‎(Level 2)		Significant ‎Unobservable ‎Inputs ‎(Level 3)
As of September 30, 2019:
Financial Assets:
Investments in marketable securities	Marketable securities	$	7	$	7	$	—	$	—
Total financial assets		$	7	$	7	$	—	$	—
Financial Liabilities:
Interest rate swap contract	Other accrued liabilities	$	5	$	—	$	5	$	—
	Other long-term obligations		27		—		27		—
Total financial liabilities		$	32	$	—	$	32	$	—
As of December 31, 2018:
Financial Assets:
Investments in marketable securities	Marketable securities	$	9	$	9	$	—	$	—
Total financial assets		$	9	$	9	$	—	$	—
Financial Liabilities:
Interest rate swap contract	Other accrued liabilities	$	2	$	—	$	2	$	—
	Other long-term obligations		10		—		10		—
Total financial liabilities		$	12	$	—	$	12	$	—

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Note 17. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, increased to include the number of shares of common stock that would have

been outstanding had potential dilutive shares of common stock been issued. The dilutive effect of stock options, RSUs and performance shares are reflected in diluted net income per share by applying the treasury stock method. There were no Frontdoor equity awards outstanding prior to the Spin-off.

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(In millions, except per share data)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Net Income	$	61	$	49	$	134	$	108
Weighted-average common shares outstanding(1)		84.7		84.5		84.6		84.5
Effect of dilutive securities:
RSUs		0.2		—		0.1		—
Stock options(2)		0.1		—		0.1		—
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - assuming dilution		84.9		84.5		84.8		84.5
Basic earnings per share	$	0.72	$	0.58	$	1.59	$	1.28
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.72	$	0.58	$	1.58	$	1.28

___________________________________

(1)For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, earnings per share was calculated based on the 84,515,619 shares of Frontdoor stock that were outstanding at the date of the Spin-off.

(2)Options to purchase 0.3 million shares and 0.5 million shares for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, were not included in the diluted earnings per share calculation because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act, regarding business strategies, market potential, future financial performance and other matters. The words “believe,” “expect,” “estimate,” “could,” “should,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “seek,” “anticipate,” “project,” “will,” “shall,” “would,” “aim,” and similar expressions, among others, generally identify “forward-looking statements,” which speak only as of the date the statements were made. The matters discussed in these forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. Where, in any forward-looking statement, an expectation or belief as to future results or events is expressed, such expectation or belief is based on the current plans and expectations of our management and expressed in good faith and believed to have a reasonable basis, but there can be no assurance that the expectation or belief will result or be achieved or accomplished. Whether any such forward-looking statements are in fact achieved will depend on future events, some of which are beyond our control. Factors, risks, trends and uncertainties that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those anticipated include the matters described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in this report, in addition to the following other factors, risks, trends and uncertainties:

changes in the source and intensity of competition in our market;

weakening general economic conditions, especially as they may affect home sales, unemployment and consumer confidence or spending levels;

our ability to successfully implement our business strategies;

our ability to attract, retain and maintain positive relations with third-party contractors and vendors;

adverse credit and financial markets impeding access and leading to increased financing costs;

adverse weather conditions;

our ability to attract and retain key personnel;

our dependence on labor availability, third-party vendors and third-party component suppliers;

compliance with, or violation of, laws and regulations, including consumer protection laws, increasing our legal and regulatory expenses;

adverse outcomes in litigation or other legal proceedings;

increases in tariffs or changes to import/export regulations;

cyber security breaches, disruptions or failures in our technology systems and our failure to protect the security of personal information about our customers;

increases in appliances, parts and system prices, and other operating costs;

our ability to protect our intellectual property and other material proprietary rights;

negative reputational and financial impacts resulting from future acquisitions or strategic transactions;

requirement to recognize and record impairment charges;

failure to maintain our strategic relationships with the real estate brokerages and agents that comprise our real estate customer acquisition channel;

failure of our marketing efforts to be successful or cost-effective;

third-party use of our trademarks as search engine keywords to direct our potential customers to their own websites;

inappropriate use of social media by us or other parties to harm our reputation;

our limited history of operating as an independent company;

inability to achieve some or all of the benefits that we expected to achieve from the Spin-off;

tax liabilities and potential indemnification of ServiceMaster for material taxes if the distribution fails to qualify as tax-free;

the effects of our substantial indebtedness and the limitations contained in the agreements governing such indebtedness;

increases in interest rates increasing the cost of servicing our substantial indebtedness;

increased borrowing costs due to lowering or withdrawal of the ratings, outlook or watch assigned to us, our debt securities or our Credit Facilities;

our ability to generate the significant amount of cash needed to fund our operations and service our debt obligations; and

other factors described in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and from time to time in documents that we file with the SEC.

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You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from expectations. All forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are qualified by these cautionary statements. These forward-looking statements are made only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and we do not undertake any obligation, other than as may be required by law, to update or revise any forward-looking or cautionary statements to reflect changes in assumptions, the occurrence of events, unanticipated or otherwise, and changes in future operating results over time or otherwise. For a discussion of other important factors that could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements included in this report, you should refer to the risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in our periodic reports filed with the SEC as well as the disclosure contained included in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our 2018 Form 10-K.

Available Information

Our website address is www.frontdoorhome.com. We use our website as a channel of distribution for company information. We will make available free of charge on the Investor section of our website our 2018 Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. We also make available through our website other reports filed with or furnished to the SEC under the Exchange Act, including our proxy statements and reports filed by officers and directors under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, as well as our Code of Conduct. Financial and other material information regarding Frontdoor is routinely posted on our website and is readily accessible. We do not intend for information contained in our website to be part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following information should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated and combined financial statements and related notes included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the audited consolidated and combined financial statements and the notes thereto included in our 2018 Form 10-K and with the information under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2018 Form 10-K.

Overview

Frontdoor is the largest provider of home service plans in the United States, as measured by revenue, and operates under the American Home Shield, HSA, OneGuard and Landmark brands. Our home service plans help our customers maintain their homes and protect against costly and unexpected breakdowns of essential home systems and appliances. Our home service plan customers subscribe to a yearly service plan agreement that covers the repair or replacement of major components of up to 21 home systems and appliances, including electrical, plumbing, central HVAC systems, water heaters, refrigerators, dishwashers and ranges/ovens/cooktops. We serve over two million customers annually across all 50 states and the District of Columbia.

For the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we generated revenue, net income and Adjusted EBITDA of $407 million, $61 million and $106 million, respectively, and $377 million, $49 million and $86 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we generated revenue, net income and Adjusted EBITDA of $1,065 million, $134 million and $255 million, respectively, and $979 million, $108 million and $191 million, respectively.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, our total operating revenue included 68 percent of revenue derived from existing customer renewals, while 19 percent and 12 percent were derived from new unit sales made in conjunction with existing home resale transactions and direct-to-consumer sales, respectively, and one percent was derived from other revenue streams.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, our total operating revenue included 66 percent of revenue derived from existing customer renewals, while 21 percent and 12 percent were derived from new unit sales made in conjunction with existing home resale transactions and direct-to-consumer sales, respectively, and less than one percent was derived from other revenue streams.

The Spin-off

On October 1, 2018, ServiceMaster completed the Spin-off. The consolidated and combined financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for the periods prior to the Spin-off represent, on a historical cost basis, the combined assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses related to the Separated Business. Frontdoor was formed as a wholly-owned subsidiary of ServiceMaster on January 2, 2018 for the purpose of holding the Separated Business in connection with the Spin-off. During 2018, ServiceMaster contributed the Separated Business to Frontdoor. The Spin-off was completed by a pro rata distribution to ServiceMaster’s stockholders of approximately 80.2% of our common stock. Each holder of ServiceMaster common stock received one share of our common stock for every two shares of ServiceMaster common stock held at the close of business on September 14, 2018, the record date of the distribution. The Spin-off was completed pursuant to a separation and distribution agreement and other agreements with ServiceMaster related to the Spin-off, including a transition services agreement, a tax matters agreement, an employee matters agreement and a stockholder and registration rights agreement.

On March 20, 2019, ServiceMaster agreed to transfer its remaining 16,734,092 shares of Frontdoor stock to a financial institution pursuant to an exchange agreement. Subsequent to that date, the financial institution conducted a secondary offering of those shares. The transfer was completed on March 27, 2019, resulting in the full separation of Frontdoor from ServiceMaster and the disposal of ServiceMaster's entire ownership and voting interest in Frontdoor.

Our financial statements include nonrecurring costs incurred to evaluate, plan and execute the Spin-off. These costs are primarily related to third-party consulting and other incremental costs directly associated with the Spin-off process. Our results for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 include Spin-off charges of less than $1 million and $8 million, respectively. Our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 include Spin-off charges of $1 million and $23 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we incurred incremental capital expenditures required to effect the Spin-off of $2 million and $13 million, respectively, principally reflecting costs to replicate technology systems historically shared with ServiceMaster. We do not expect to incur additional Spin-off charges in the remainder of 2019.

The Spin-off has resulted in increased operating costs (“dis-synergies”), which could be material to our results of operations. These dis-synergies are primarily associated with corporate functions such as finance, legal, technology and human resources. We incurred incremental dis-synergies compared to 2018 of less than $1 million and $4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. For the full year 2019, we currently project an approximate $4 million increase in dis-synergies compared to 2018 for an annualized increase in operating costs of approximately $7 million, which we expect to then represent our normal operating costs associated with these dis-synergies.

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Our historical financial position, results of operations and cash flows may not be indicative of our condition had we been a separate stand-alone entity during the periods presented, nor are the results stated herein necessarily indicative of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows had we operated as a separate, independent company during the periods presented. The condensed consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in Part I, Item 1 of this report for periods prior to the Spin-off do not reflect any changes that occurred in our financing and operations as a result of the Spin-off.

The condensed consolidated and combined financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for periods prior to the Spin-off include all revenues, costs, assets and liabilities directly attributable to us. ServiceMaster’s debt and corresponding interest expense have not been allocated to us for periods prior to the Spin-off since we were not the obligor of the debt. The condensed consolidated and combined financial statements of operations and comprehensive income included in Part I, Item 1 of this report include allocations of certain costs from ServiceMaster incurred on our behalf. Such corporate-level costs were allocated to us using methods based on proportionate formulas such as revenue, headcount, and others. Such corporate costs include costs pertaining to: accounting and finance, legal, human resources, technology, insurance, marketing, tax services, procurement services and other costs. We consider the expense allocation methodology and results to be reasonable for all periods presented. However, these allocations may not be indicative of the actual level of expense that we would have incurred if we had operated as a separate stand-alone, publicly traded company during the periods presented nor are these costs necessarily indicative of costs we may incur in the future.

Key Factors and Trends Affecting Our Results of Operations

Macroeconomic Conditions

Macroeconomic conditions that may affect customer spending patterns, and thereby our results of operations, include home sales, consumer confidence and employment rates. We believe our ability to acquire customers through the direct-to-consumer channel mitigates the effect of a downturn in the real estate market, while our nationwide presence limits the risk of poor economic conditions in any particular geography.

Seasonality

Our business is subject to seasonal fluctuations, which drives variations in our revenue, net income and Adjusted EBITDA for interim periods. Seasonal fluctuations are primarily driven by a higher number of central HVAC work orders in the summer months. In 2018, approximately 20 percent, 28 percent, 30 percent and 22 percent of our revenue, approximately 11 percent, 36 percent, 40 percent and 13 percent of our net income, and approximately 13 percent, 31 percent, 36 percent and 20 percent of our Adjusted EBITDA was recognized in the first, second, third and fourth quarters, respectively.

Effect of Weather Conditions

The demand for our services, and our results of operations, are affected by weather conditions. Extreme temperatures can lead to an increase in service requests related to home systems, particularly central HVAC systems, resulting in higher claim frequency and costs and lower profitability. For example, we experienced an increase in contract claims costs driven by a higher number of central HVAC work orders as a result of colder winter temperatures in the first quarter of 2018 and higher summer temperatures in the second and third quarters of 2018 as compared to historical averages. Weather conditions that have a potentially favorable impact to our business include mild winters or summers, which can lead to lower home systems claim frequency. For example, seasonally mild temperatures were a factor in the decrease in contract claims costs in the first, second and third quarters of 2019.

While weather variations as described above may affect our business, major weather events and other Acts of God, such as hurricanes, flooding and tornadoes, typically do not increase our obligations to provide service. As a rule, repairs associated with such isolated events are addressed by homeowners’ and other forms of insurance as opposed to home service plans that we offer, and such insurance coverage in fact reduces our obligations to provide service to systems and appliances damaged by insured, catastrophic events.

Tariff and Import/Export Regulations

Changes in U.S. tariff and import/export regulations may impact the costs of home systems, appliances and repair parts. Import duties or restrictions on components and raw materials that are imposed, or the perception that they could occur, may materially and adversely affect our business by increasing our costs. For example, rising costs due to blanket tariffs on imported steel and aluminum could increase the costs of our home systems, appliances and repair parts.

23

Competition

We compete in the home service plan industry and the broader U.S. home services market. The home service plan industry is a highly competitive industry. The principal methods of competition, and the areas in which we differentiate ourselves from our competitors, are quality and speed of service, contract offerings, brand awareness and reputation, customer satisfaction, pricing and promotions, contractor network and referrals.

Acquisition Activity

We have a track record of sourcing and purchasing other businesses and successfully integrating them into our business, including the acquisitions of OneGuard Home Warranties and Landmark Home Warranty, LLC in 2016. We anticipate that the highly fragmented nature of the home service plan industry will continue to create opportunities for further consolidation. We use acquisitions to cost-effectively grow our home service plan contract count and deepen our customer base in high-growth geographies and may consider strategic acquisitions that will expand our reach into the home services market.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our critical accounting policies and estimates are described under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2018 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our results presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we have disclosed non-GAAP financial measures of operating results that exclude or adjust certain items. We present within this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section the non-GAAP financial measure of Adjusted EBITDA. See “Results of Operations — Adjusted EBITDA” for a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA as well as “Key Business Metrics — Adjusted EBITDA” for further discussion of Adjusted EBITDA. Management believes this non-GAAP financial measure provides investors and the company useful information to evaluate our business performance and is useful for period-over-period comparisons of the performance of our business. While we believe this non-GAAP financial measure is useful in evaluating our business, it should be considered as supplemental in nature and is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, this non-GAAP financial measure may not be the same as similarly entitled measures reported by other companies.

Key Business Metrics

We focus on a variety of indicators and key operating and financial metrics to monitor the financial condition, performance and cash flows of the continuing operations of our business. These metrics include:

revenue,

operating expenses,

net income,

earnings per share,

Adjusted EBITDA,

net cash provided from operating activities,

Free Cash Flow,

growth in number of home service plans, and

customer retention rate.

Revenue. Home service plan contracts are typically one year in duration. We recognize revenue at the agreed upon contractual amount over time using the input method in proportion to the costs expected to be incurred in performing services under the contracts. Our revenue is primarily a function of the volume and pricing of the services provided to our customers, as well as the mix of services provided. Our revenue volume is impacted by new unit sales, customer retention and acquisitions. We derive all of our revenue from customers in the United States.

24

Operating Expenses. In addition to changes in our revenue, our operating results are affected by, among other things, the level of our operating expenses. Our operating expenses primarily include contract claims costs and expenses associated with sales and marketing, customer service and general corporate overhead. A number of our operating expenses are subject to inflationary pressures, such as salaries and wages, employee benefits and health care; contractor costs; home systems, appliances and repair costs; tariffs; insurance premiums; and various regulatory compliance costs.

Net Income and Earnings Per Share. The presentation of net income and basic and diluted earnings per share provides measures of performance which are useful for investors, analysts and other interested parties in company-to-company operating performance comparisons. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, increased to include the number of shares of common stock that would have been outstanding had potentially dilutive shares of common stock been issued. The dilutive effect of stock options, RSU’s and performance shares are reflected in diluted net income per share by applying the treasury stock method.

Adjusted EBITDA. We evaluate performance and allocate resources based primarily on Adjusted EBITDA, which is a financial measure not calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before: provision for income taxes; interest expense; interest income from affiliate; depreciation and amortization expense; non-cash stock-based compensation expense; restructuring charges; Spin-off charges; secondary offering costs; affiliate royalty expense; (gain) loss on insured home service plan claims; and other non-operating expenses. We believe Adjusted EBITDA is useful for investors, analysts and other interested parties as it facilitates company-to-company operating performance comparisons by excluding potential differences caused by variations in capital structures, taxation, the age and book depreciation of facilities and equipment, restructuring initiatives, Spin-off charges, arrangements with affiliates and equity-based, long-term incentive plans.

Net Cash Provided from Operating Activities and Free Cash Flow. We focus on measures designed to monitor cash flow, including net cash provided from operating activities and Free Cash Flow, which is a financial measure not calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP and represents net cash provided from operating activities less property additions.

Growth in Number of Home Service Plans and Customer Retention Rate. We report our growth in number of home service plans and customer retention rate in order to track the performance of our business. Home service plans represent our recurring customer base, which includes customers with active contracts for recurring services. Our customer retention rate is calculated as the ratio of ending home service plans to the sum of beginning home service plans, new unit sales and acquired accounts for the applicable period. These measures are presented on a rolling, 12-month basis in order to avoid seasonal anomalies.

‎

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Results of Operations

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

	Three Months Ended				Increase
	September 30,				(Decrease)		% of Revenue
(In millions)	2019		2018		2019 vs. 2018		2019		2018
Revenue	$	407	$	377	8	%	100	%	100	%
Cost of services rendered		201		202	(1)		49		53
Gross Profit		206		176	17		51		47
Selling and administrative expenses		104		90	16		26		24
Depreciation and amortization expense		6		5	18		2		1
Spin-off charges		—		8	*		—		2
Affiliate royalty expense		—		1	*		—		—
Interest expense		16		7	*		4		2
Interest and net investment income		(2)		—	*		—		—
Income before Income Taxes		82		65	25		20		17
Provision for income taxes		21		16	32		5		4
Net Income	$	61	$	49	23	%	15	%	13	%

________________________________

*     not meaningful

Nine months ended September 30, 2019 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

	Nine Months Ended				Increase
	September 30,				(Decrease)		% of Revenue
(In millions)	2019		2018		2019 vs. 2018		2019		2018
Revenue	$	1,065	$	979	9	%	100	%	100	%
Cost of services rendered		526		532	(1)		49		54
Gross Profit		539		448	20		51		46
Selling and administrative expenses		297		259	15		28		26
Depreciation and amortization expense		18		14	28		2		1
Restructuring charges		—		3	*		—		—
Spin-off charges		1		23	*		—		2
Affiliate royalty expense		—		1	*		—		—
Interest expense		47		7	*		4		1
Interest income from affiliate		—		(2)	*		—		—
Interest and net investment income		(5)		(1)	*		—		—
Income before Income Taxes		180		143	26		17		15
Provision for income taxes		46		36	29		4		4
Net Income	$	134	$	108	24	%	13	%	11	%

________________________________

*     not meaningful

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Revenue

We reported revenue of $407 million and $377 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $1,065 million and $979 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Revenue by major customer acquisition channel is as follows:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
(In millions)	2019		2018		Increase (Decrease)
Renewals	$	278	$	251	$	28	11	%
Real estate(1)		77		78		(2)	(2)
Direct-to-consumer(1)		50		47		3	6
Other		2		1		1	*
Total revenue	$	407	$	377	$	29	8	%

________________________________

* not meaningful

(1)First-year revenue only.

Revenue increased eight percent for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2018, primarily driven by higher renewal revenue due to overall growth in the number of home service plans as well as improved price realization. The decrease in real estate revenue reflects a decline in new sales, offset, in part, by improved price realization. The increase in direct-to-consumer revenue primarily reflects growth in new sales, mostly driven by increased investments in marketing.

Nine months ended September 30, 2019 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
(In millions)	2019		2018		Increase (Decrease)
Renewals	$	722	$	648	$	76	12	%
Real estate(1)		206		205		—	—
Direct-to-consumer(1)		131		122		9	7
Other		6		4		1	*
Total revenue	$	1,065	$	979	$	86	9	%

________________________________

* not meaningful

(1)First-year revenue only.

Revenue increased nine percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018, primarily driven by higher renewal revenue due to overall growth in the number of home service plans as well as improved price realization. Real estate revenue was flat, as improved price realization was offset by a decline in new sales. The increase in direct-to-consumer revenue primarily reflects growth in new sales, mostly driven by increased investments in marketing.

Growth in number of home service plans and customer retention rate are presented below.

	As of
	September 30,
	2019		2018
Growth in number of home service plans	3	%	7	%
Customer retention rate	74	%	76	%

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Cost of Services Rendered

We reported cost of services rendered of $201 million and $202 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $526 million and $532 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The following tables provide a summary of changes in cost of services rendered:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

(In millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018	$	202
Impact of change in revenue		8
Contract claims		(11)
Gain on insured home service plan claims(1)		1
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019	$	201

________________________________

(1)Represents the prior year gain on an arrangement with a captive insurance affiliate of our former parent whereby certain American Home Shield home service plan claims were insured prior to the Spin-off. Our relationship with this captive insurance affiliate was terminated in connection with the Spin-off.

For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the decrease in contract claims costs includes a $7 million impact related to process improvement and cost reduction initiatives and a $2 million impact from seasonally mild weather. This favorability was offset, in part, by a $7 million increase in the underlying costs of repairs driven by inflation and tariffs. In addition, contract claims costs include a $9 million net favorable impact for adjustments related to contract claims costs development, which comprises a $3 million adjustment in the third quarter of 2019 primarily related to favorable development of prior quarter claims and a net $6 million adjustment in the third quarter of 2018 primarily related to the adverse development of claims.

Nine months ended September 30, 2019 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

(In millions)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018	$	532
Impact of change in revenue		27
Contract claims		(38)
Gain on insured home service plan claims(1)		2
Other		3
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019	$	526

________________________________

(1)Represents the prior year gain on an arrangement with a captive insurance affiliate of our former parent whereby certain American Home Shield home service plan claims were insured prior to the Spin-off. Our relationship with this captive insurance affiliate was terminated in connection with the Spin-off.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the decrease in contract claims costs includes a $27 million impact related to process improvement and cost reduction initiatives and a $20 million impact from seasonally mild weather. This favorability was offset, in part, by a $19 million increase in the underlying costs of repairs driven by inflation and tariffs. In addition, contract claims costs include a $10 million net favorable impact for adjustments related to contract claims costs development, which comprises a favorable $3 million adjustment in the first nine months of 2019 related to prior year claims and a net $7 million adjustment in the first nine months of 2018 related to the adverse development of claims from periods prior to 2018. Other includes an increase in bad debt expense of $3 million.

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Selling and Administrative Expenses

We reported selling and administrative expenses of $104 million and $90 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $297 million and $259 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, selling and administrative expenses were comprised of sales, marketing and customer service costs of $76 million and $70 million, respectively, and general and administrative expenses of $28 million and $20 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, selling and administrative expenses were comprised of sales, marketing and customer service costs of $216 million and $203 million, respectively, and general and administrative expenses of $81 million and $56 million, respectively. The following tables provide a summary of changes in selling and administrative expenses:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

(In millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018	$	90
Sales, marketing and customer service costs		6
Stock-based compensation		1
General and administrative costs		7
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019	$	104

For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the increase in sales, marketing and customer service costs was primarily driven by targeted marketing spend to drive sales growth, primarily in the direct-to-consumer channel. General and administrative costs includes higher personnel costs of $4 million, primarily consisting of salaries and wages, higher incentive compensation expense of $2 million, and higher insurance-related costs of $2 million, offset, in part, by a $1 million decrease in other general and administrative costs, primarily consisting of professional fees.

Nine months ended September 30, 2019 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

(In millions)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018	$	259
Sales, marketing and customer service costs		14
Stock-based compensation		4
Spin-off dis-synergies		4
Secondary offering costs		2
General and administrative costs		16
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019	$	297

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the increase in sales, marketing and customer service costs was driven by targeted marketing spend to drive sales growth, primarily in the direct-to-consumer channel. Incremental ongoing costs related to the Spin-off of $4 million were incurred, which primarily related to the separation of technology systems which were historically shared with ServiceMaster. General and administrative costs includes higher insurance-related costs of $6 million, higher personnel costs of $4 million, primarily consisting of salaries and wages, higher incentive compensation expense of $4 million, and a $2 million increase in other general and administrative costs, primarily consisting of professional fees.

Depreciation Expense

Depreciation expense was $5 million and $3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $13 million and $8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily due to additional property and equipment related to the relocation of our corporate headquarters and technology costs related to the Spin-off, principally reflecting costs to replicate technology systems historically shared with ServiceMaster.

Amortization Expense

Amortization expense was $1 million and $2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $5 million and $6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

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Spin-Off Charges

We incurred Spin-off charges of less than $1 million and $8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $1 million and $23 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

These charges include nonrecurring costs incurred to evaluate, plan and execute the Spin-off. For the three months ended September 30, 2018, Spin-off charges primarily comprised $7 million of third-party consulting fees and $1 million of other incremental costs directly related to the Spin-off process.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, Spin-off charges were primarily comprised of third-party consulting fees. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, Spin-off charges primarily comprised $19 million of third-party consulting fees and $4 million of other incremental costs directly related to the Spin-off process.

Interest Expense

Interest expense was $16 million and $7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $47 million and $7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, interest expense was primarily comprised of interest related to our financing transactions totaling $1 billion that occurred in 2018 in connection with the Spin-off.

Interest and Net Investment Income

Interest and net investment income was $2 million and less than $1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $5 million and $1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and was comprised of net investment gains and interest and dividend income realized on our investment portfolio.

Provision for Income Taxes

The effective tax rate on income was 25.7 percent and 24.5 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 25.5 percent and 24.8 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Our condensed consolidated and combined financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report do not reflect any amounts due to ServiceMaster for income tax related matters as it is assumed that all such amounts due to ServiceMaster were settled at the end of each reporting period.

Net Income

Net income was $61 million and $49 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $134 million and $108 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to 2018, the $11 million increase was driven by the aforementioned operating results, offset, in part, by a $5 million increase in the provision for income taxes as a result of higher income before income taxes. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to 2018, the $26 million increase was driven by the aforementioned operating results, offset, in part, by a $10 million increase in the provision for income taxes as a result of higher income before income taxes.

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Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA was $106 million and $86 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $255 million and $191 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The following tables provide a summary of changes in our Adjusted EBITDA.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

(In millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018	$	86
Impact of change in revenue		21
Contract claims		11
Sales, marketing and customer service costs		(6)
General and administrative costs		(7)
Other		1
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019	$	106

For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the decrease in contract claims costs includes a $7 million impact related to process improvement and cost reduction initiatives and a $2 million impact from seasonally mild weather. This favorability was offset, in part, by a $7 million increase in the underlying costs of repairs driven by inflation and tariffs. In addition, contract claims costs include a $9 million net favorable impact for adjustments related to contract claims costs development, which comprises a $3 million adjustment in the third quarter of 2019 primarily related to favorable development of prior quarter claims and a net $6 million adjustment in the third quarter of 2018 primarily related to the adverse development of claims.

The increase in sales, marketing and customer service costs for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily driven by targeted marketing spend to drive sales growth, primarily in the direct-to-consumer channel. General and administrative costs includes higher personnel costs of $4 million, primarily consisting of salaries and wages, higher incentive compensation expense of $2 million, and higher insurance-related costs of $2 million, offset, in part, by a $1 million decrease in other costs, primarily consisting of professional fees. Other consists primarily of interest and net investment income.

Nine months ended September 30, 2019 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

(In millions)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018	$	191
Impact of change in revenue		59
Contract claims		38
Sales, marketing and customer service costs		(14)
Spin-off dis-synergies		(4)
General and administrative costs		(16)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019	$	255

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the decrease in contract claims costs includes a $27 million impact related to process improvement and cost reduction initiatives and a $20 million impact from seasonally mild weather. This favorability was offset, in part, by a $19 million increase in the underlying costs of repairs driven by inflation and tariffs. In addition, contract claims costs include a $10 million net favorable impact for adjustments related to contract claims costs development, which comprises a favorable $3 million adjustment in the first nine months of 2019 related to prior year claims and a net $7 million adjustment in the first nine months of 2018 related to the adverse development of claims from periods prior to 2018.

The increase in sales, marketing and customer service costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was driven by targeted marketing spend to drive sales growth, primarily in the direct-to-consumer channel. Incremental ongoing costs related to the Spin-off of $4 million were incurred, which primarily related to the separation of technology systems which were historically shared with ServiceMaster. General and administrative costs includes higher insurance-related costs of $6 million, higher personnel costs of $4 million, primarily consisting of salaries and wages, higher incentive compensation expense of $4 million, and a $2 million increase in other costs, primarily consisting of professional fees.

31

A reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA is presented below.

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(In millions)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Net Income	$	61	$	49	$	134	$	108
Depreciation and amortization expense		6		5		18		14
Restructuring charges		—		—		—		3
Spin-off charges		—		8		1		23
Provision for income taxes		21		16		46		36
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense		2		1		7		3
Affiliate royalty expense		—		1		—		1
Interest expense		16		7		47		7
Secondary offering costs		—		—		2		—
Interest income from affiliate		—		—		—		(2)
Gain on insured home service plan claims		—		(1)		—		(2)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	106	$	86	$	255	$	191

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

A substantial portion of our liquidity needs are due to debt service requirements on our indebtedness. The Credit Agreement, as well as the Indenture, contain covenants that limit or restrict our ability, including the ability of certain of our subsidiaries, to incur additional indebtedness, repurchase debt, incur liens, sell assets, make certain payments (including dividends) and enter into transactions with affiliates. As of September 30, 2019, we were in compliance with the covenants under the agreements that were in effect on such date.

In connection with the Spin-off, our capital structure and sources of liquidity have changed significantly from our historical capital structure. Although we believe that our future cash provided from operations, together with available capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility and our access to capital markets, will provide adequate resources to fund our operating and financing needs, our access to, and the availability of, financing on acceptable terms in the future will be affected by many factors, including: (i) our credit rating, (ii) the liquidity of the overall capital markets and (iii) the current state of the economy. Moreover, to preserve the tax-free treatment of the Spin-off, we may not be able to engage in certain strategic or capital-raising transactions following the Spin-off, such as issuing equity securities beyond certain thresholds, which may limit our access to capital markets; ability to raise capital through equity issuances; and ability to make acquisitions using our equity as currency, potentially requiring us to issue more debt than would otherwise be optimal. There can be no assurances that we will continue to have access to capital markets on terms acceptable to us. See Item 1A. Risk Factors in our 2018 Form 10-K for a further discussion.

Cash and short-term marketable securities totaled $432 million and $305 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. As of September 30, 2019, there were no letters of credit outstanding and there was $250 million of available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Cash and short-term marketable securities include balances associated with regulatory requirements in our business. See “—Limitations on Distributions and Dividends by Subsidiaries.” Our investment portfolio has been invested in high-quality debt securities. We closely monitor the performance of these investments. From time to time, we review the statutory reserve requirements to which our regulated entities are subject and any changes to such requirements. These reviews may result in identifying current reserve levels above or below minimum statutory reserve requirements, in which case we may adjust our reserves. The reviews may also identify opportunities to satisfy certain regulatory reserve requirements through alternate financial vehicles.

We may from time to time repurchase or otherwise retire or extend our debt and/or take other steps to reduce our debt or otherwise improve our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. These actions may include open market debt repurchases, negotiated repurchases, other retirements of outstanding debt and/or opportunistic refinancing of debt. The amount of debt that may be repurchased or otherwise retired or refinanced, if any, and the price of such repurchases, retirements or refinancings will depend on market conditions, trading levels of our debt, our cash position, compliance with debt covenants and other considerations.

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Limitations on Distributions and Dividends by Subsidiaries

We depend on our subsidiaries to distribute funds to us so that we may pay obligations and expenses, including satisfying obligations with respect to indebtedness. The ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions and dividends to us depends on their operating results, cash requirements, financial condition and general business conditions, as well as restrictions under the laws of our subsidiaries’ jurisdictions.

Our subsidiaries are permitted under the terms of the Credit Agreement and other indebtedness to incur additional indebtedness that may restrict or prohibit the making of distributions, the payment of dividends or the making of loans by such subsidiaries to us.

Furthermore, there are third-party restrictions on the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to transfer funds to us. These restrictions are related to regulatory requirements. The payments of ordinary and extraordinary dividends by certain of our subsidiaries (through which we conduct our business) are subject to significant regulatory restrictions under the laws and regulations of the states in which they operate. Among other things, such laws and regulations require certain subsidiaries to maintain minimum capital and net worth requirements and may limit the amount of ordinary and extraordinary dividends and other payments that these subsidiaries can pay to us. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the total net assets subject to these third-party restrictions was $202 million and $187 million, respectively. We expect that such limitations will be in effect for the foreseeable future. In Texas, we are relieved of the obligation to post 75 percent of our otherwise required reserves because we operate a captive insurer approved by Texas regulators in order to satisfy such obligations. None of our subsidiaries are obligated to make funds available to us through the payment of dividends.

Cash Flows

Cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, as reflected in the condensed consolidated and combined statements of cash flows included in Part I, Item 1 of this report, are summarized in the following table.

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
(In millions)	2019		2018
Net cash provided from (used for):
Operating activities	$	154	$	126
Investing activities		(19)		(4)
Financing activities		(6)		(98)
Cash increase during the period	$	129	$	23

Operating Activities

Net cash provided from operating activities was $154 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to $126 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Net cash provided from operating activities in 2019 comprised $165 million in earnings adjusted for non-cash charges, offset, in part, by a $12 million increase in cash required for working capital. The increase in cash required for working capital was driven by the seasonality of our business, which resulted in a contract asset that was offset, in part, by higher amounts due to suppliers and contractors. See “Liquidity—Financial Position” for further details.

Net cash provided from operating activities in 2018 comprised $129 million in earnings adjusted for non-cash charges, offset, in part, by a $3 million increase in cash required for working capital.

Investing Activities

Net cash used for investing activities was $19 million and $4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Capital expenditures decreased to $15 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to $21 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, and included recurring capital needs and technology projects. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we incurred incremental capital expenditures required to effect the Spin-off of $2 million and $13 million, respectively, principally reflecting costs to replicate technology systems historically shared with ServiceMaster. We expect capital expenditures for the full year 2019 relating to recurring capital needs and the continuation of investments in information systems and productivity enhancing technology to be approximately $25 million to $30 million. We have no additional material capital commitments at this time.

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Cash flows provided from purchases, sales and maturities of securities, net, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were $3 million and $17 million, respectively, and were driven by the maturities and sales of marketable securities.

Cash flows used for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired, and other investing activities were each $3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and represent ongoing strategic investments in our business.

Financing Activities

Net cash used for financing activities was $6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to $98 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Payments on debt and finance lease obligations were $5 million and $6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Net transfers to Parent included in financing activities were $74 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Payments of debt issuance costs of $16 million and the discount paid on the debt issuance of $2 million were incurred in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 as part of our financing transactions that occurred in connection with the Spin-off.

Contractual Obligations

Our 2018 Form 10-K includes disclosures of our contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2018. We continue to make the contractually required payments, and, therefore, the 2019 obligations and commitments described in our 2018 Form 10-K have been reduced by the required payments. During the second quarter of 2019, we entered into agreements with certain real estate brokers. These agreements will result in future purchase obligations for broker marketing and other services of $1 million for the remainder of 2019 and $2 million for 2020.

Financial Position

The following discussion describes changes in our financial position from December 31, 2018 to September 30, 2019.

Cash and cash equivalents increased from prior year levels, primarily due to cash provided from operating activities.

The Contract asset is due to the recognition of monthly-pay customer revenue on an other-than-straight-line basis to match the timing of cost recognition.

The Operating lease right-of-use assets and Operating lease liabilities were recorded effective as of January 1, 2019 as a result of the adoption of ASC 842. Upon adoption of ASC 842, we recognized an ROU asset and lease liability for all leases with terms of 12 months or less. See Note 5 included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for further information regarding our leases.

Accounts payable increased from prior year levels, primarily due to the timing of trade payables due to the seasonality of our business.

Home service plan claims increased from prior year levels, primarily due to the seasonality of contract claims, which increased amounts due to contractors and suppliers.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2019, we did not have any significant off-balance sheet arrangements.

We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. Accordingly, we are not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The economy and its impact on discretionary consumer spending, labor wages, material costs, home resales, unemployment rates, insurance costs and medical costs could have a material adverse impact on future results of operations.

We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes and manage this exposure through the use of variable-rate and fixed-rate debt and by utilizing an interest rate swap. There have been no material changes to the market risk associated with debt obligations and other significant instruments from the risks described in Part II, Item 7A in our 2018 Form 10-K.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

We maintain a set of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In accordance with Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

No changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and Rule 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, occurred during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Due to the nature of our business activities, we are at times subject to pending and threatened legal and regulatory actions that arise out of the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, based in part upon advice of legal counsel, the disposition of any such matters is not expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. However, the results of legal actions cannot be predicted with certainty. Therefore, it is possible that our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows could be materially adversely affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution of one or more legal actions.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in our 2018 Form 10-K, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our 2018 Form 10-K. The risks described in our 2018 Form 10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results. 
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit ‎Number	Description
2.1+	Separation and Distribution Agreement, dated as of September 28, 2018, by and between ServiceMaster Global Holdings, Inc. and frontdoor, inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Frontdoor’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 1, 2018).
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of frontdoor, inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Frontdoor’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 1, 2018).
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of frontdoor, inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Frontdoor’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 1, 2018).
31.1*	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a - 14, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a - 14, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2*	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*	Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE*	Inline XBRL Extension Presentation Linkbase
104*	Cover page formatted as Inline XBRL and included in Exhibit 101.

___________________________________

* Filed herewith.

+ Certain schedules and exhibits to this agreement have been omitted in accordance with Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The descriptions of the omitted schedules and exhibits are contained within the relevant agreement. A copy of any omitted schedule and/or exhibit will be furnished supplementally to the SEC upon request.

The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by Frontdoor in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.

 
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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: November 6, 2019

frontdoor, inc.
(Registrant)
By:	/s/ Brian K. Turcotte
	Brian K. Turcotte
	Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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