Income Taxes |
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Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Taxes | Note 9 — Income Taxes Income Tax Expense (Benefit) The components of income tax expense (benefit) were as follows (in thousands):
A reconciliation of income tax expense (benefit) computed at the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the Company’s income tax expense (benefit) is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
The Company’s effective tax rate for the year ending December 31, 2021 differed from the federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to recording a full valuation allowance against its federal, state and foreign deferred tax assets. The Company’s effective tax rate for the year ending December 31, 2020 differed from the federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to a non-cash tax expense of $162.2 million related to the recognition of a valuation allowance for its excess federal and state deferred tax assets. This expense was partially offset by a tax benefit of $17.6 million from adopting the final Treasury Regulations under Section 163(j) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “IRC”) for tax years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2019. The adoption of the final Treasury Regulations reduced the non-cash tax expense recognized in the year ending December 31, 2019 from the legal entity conversion of a partnership to a corporation. The Company’s effective tax rate for the year ending December 31, 2019 differed from the federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to a non-cash tax benefit of $75.2 million related to the full release of the valuation allowance for its federal and a significant portion of its state deferred tax assets. The federal and state portion of the release equals $80.2 million, partially offset by a $5.0 million increase in valuation allowance recorded against foreign deferred tax assets. Additionally, the Company recorded a tax expense of $39.3 million related to the reorganization of our subsidiaries, of which $38.9 million represents the non-cash impact from the legal entity conversion of a partnership to a corporation. Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
Net Operating Loss The table below presents the details of the Company’s net operating loss carryovers as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):
As of December 31, 2021, the Company had U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) of approximately $732.6 million, of which $546.5 million is subject to limitation under Section 382 of the IRC. IRC Section 382 provides an annual limitation with respect to the ability of a corporation to utilize its tax attributes, against future U.S. taxable income in the event of a change in ownership. If not utilized, such carryforwards would begin to expire in 2035. Valuation Allowance The Company recorded a valuation allowance of $224.3 million and $179.0 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded related to NOLs and temporary differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities expected to produce tax deductions and income in the future. The realization of these assets depends on recognition of sufficient future taxable income in specific tax jurisdictions in which those temporary differences or NOLs relate. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Uncertain Tax Positions The table below sets forth the beginning and ending balance of the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits. None of the unrecognized benefits would impact the effective tax rate if recognized. While amounts could change during the next 12 months, the Company does not anticipate having a material impact on its financial statements. Balances in the uncertain tax positions are as follows (in thousands):
The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as “Interest Expense” and “General and administrative expense” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations, respectively. Years Open to Examination The 2018 through 2020 tax years remain open to examination by the tax jurisdictions in which the Company is subject to tax. The statute of limitations with respect to the U.S. federal income tax returns of the Company for years ending on or before December 31, 2017 are closed, except to the extent of any NOL carryover balance. |