0001477932-19-004141.txt : 20190717 0001477932-19-004141.hdr.sgml : 20190717 20190717084756 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001477932-19-004141 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 1-A PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 17 FILED AS OF DATE: 20190717 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20190717 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: Paradyme Equities, LLC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001718714 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: REAL ESTATE [6500] IRS NUMBER: 821840271 STATE OF INCORPORATION: CA FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 1-A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 024-11042 FILM NUMBER: 19958269 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 29465 RIDGELINE COURT CITY: TEMECULA STATE: CA ZIP: 92590 BUSINESS PHONE: 805-236-2647 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 29465 RIDGELINE COURT CITY: TEMECULA STATE: CA ZIP: 92590 1-A 1 primary_doc.xml 1-A LIVE 0001718714 XXXXXXXX Paradyme Equities, LLC CA 2017 0001718714 6799 82-1840271 0 2 29465 Ridgeline Court Temecula CA 92590 805-236-2647 Jillian Sidoti, Esq. Other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20000.00 0.00 0.00 20000.00 0.00 20000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 IndigoSpire CPA Group Class B Interests 1000 None None Class A Interests 0 Debt Securities 0 true true false Tier2 Audited Equity (common or preferred stock) N N N Y N N 50000 0 1000.0000 50000000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50000000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 IndigoSpire CPA Group 2500.00 Trowbridge Sidoti 50000.00 Ivan Oberon, Ryan Garland 0.00 0.00 50000000.00 true AK AL AR AZ CA CO CT DC DE FL GA HI IA ID IL IN KS KY LA MA MD ME MI MN MO MS MT NC ND NE NH NJ NM NV NY OH OK OR PA RI SC SD TN TX UT VA VT WA WI WV WY false Paradyme Equities, LLC Class B Interests 1000 0 1000 Such interests were issued in exchange for cash, services, including company management, and services related to this Offering. PART II AND III 2 paradyme_1a.htm PART II paradyme_1a.htm

PART II— OFFERING CIRCULAR

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

(the “Company”)

 

Preliminary Offering Circular dated June 28, 2019

 

The Company is hereby providing the information required by Part I of Form S-11 (17 9 CFR 239.18 and is following the requirements for a smaller reporting company as it meets the definition of that term in Rule 405 (17 CFR 230.405).

 

An offering statement pursuant to Regulation A relating to these securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Information contained in this Preliminary Offering Circular (“Offering Circular”) is subject to completion or amendment. These securities may not be sold, nor may offers to buy, be accepted before the offering statement filed with the Commission is qualified. This Preliminary Offering Circular shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor may there be any sales of these securities in any state in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful before qualification under the laws of any such state. The Company may elect to satisfy its obligation to deliver a Final Offering Circular by sending you a notice within two (2) business days after the completion of our sale that contains the URL where the Final Offering Circular or the offering statement in which such Final Offering Circular was filed may be obtained.

 

We are offering 50,000 Class A Interests (“Interests” or “Class A Interests”) at $1,000 per Interest (the “Offering.”) Purchasers shall, upon acceptance by the Manager of their Subscriptions, become Class A Members in the Company. The Class A Interests shall bear a Preferred Return (“Preferred Return”) of eight percent (8%) on invested capital. Funds will be made immediately available to the Company once the Company raises a minimum of $500,000 (“Minimum Offering”) NOTE: THE COMPANY DOES NOT EXPECT TO COMMENCE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR UP TO THREE YEARS AFTER ITS INITIAL INVESTMENT IN PROPERTIES. Funds will be used for acquiring real estate assets throughout the United States as well as for working capital. The Company intends to invest capital from the proceeds of this Offering for the first three (3) years. Thereafter, the Company will hold and, eventually, sell assets purchased or Joint Ventured in funding and developing.

  

 
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The minimum accepted from any Subscriber is $20,000. To date, the Company has not purchased any assets and all subscription funds remain in a designated escrow account. Subscription funds may remain in the Company’s segregated Subscription account for up to 180 days from the first date of deposit.

 

Unless terminated by the Manager earlier, this Offering terminates in 365 days after commencement of this Offering. The Manager may extend this Offering in its sole discretion for an additional six-month period at which time the Manager will file the appropriate Offering Circular for qualification with the Commission. There are no provisions for the return of funds once the minimum of 1,000 Interests are sold. No commissions will be paid for the sale of the Interests offered by the Company.

 

Class A Interests (Unit)

 

Price to

Investors

 

 

Sellers’ Commissions

 

 

Proceeds to

the Company

 

Per Unit or Interest

 

$1,000

 

 

$0.00

 

 

$1,000

 

Minimum Dollar Amount

 

$500,000

 

 

$0.00

 

 

$500,000

 

Maximum Dollar Amount

 

$50,000,000

 

 

$0.00

 

 

$50,000,000

 

  

No public market currently exists for our Interests. The Company will be managed by Paradyme Funding, Inc., (the “Manager”) a California limited liability company, of which Ryan Garland is the sole officer. The Company has set a minimum investment requirement of twenty thousand dollars ($20,000.) We do intend to place the funds into a segregated account up to $500,000 that will be in the Company’s name. This will not be an escrow account. Purchasers of our Interests qualified hereunder may be unable to sell their securities, because there may not be a public market for our securities. Any purchaser of our securities should be in a financial position to bear the risks of losing their entire investment.

 

The transfer of Interests is limited. A Member may assign, his, her or its Interests only if certain conditions set forth in the Company’s Operating Agreement are satisfied. Potential subscribers of the Interests should expect to remain in the Company for six (6) years. At, or around, the fourth or fifth year of operations, the Manager will attempt to sell, refinance, or otherwise dispose of properties in order to return Capital Account Balances (as defined in the Company’s Operating Agreement) to the Members. The Manager may, at its discretion, sell the properties to, among other potential purchasers, a third-party in order to redeem Members within the six-year expected time frame.

 

The Company has been formed to acquire various real estate assets throughout the United States. Although the Manager intends to initially search for properties located in Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Nevada, Tennessee, and Texas with a particular concentration in California, the Company will not limit itself geographically.

 

 
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The Company’s primary focus is to invest in multifamily, commercial, single family, retail, mini storage, mixed-use commercial, hotels and land. It intends to operate as a diversified income asset equity fund with the intention to Joint Venture with highly qualified sponsors with a proven positive track record. The properties are selected based on criteria that includes value add construction, new construction, and development in good locations.

 

The Company is considered an “emerging growth company” under Section 101(a) of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”) as it is an issuer that had total annual gross revenues of less than $1.07 billion during its most recently completed fiscal year.

 

Since the Company is an emerging growth company certain Risk Factors include:

 

 

¨

We are an emerging growth company with a limited operating history.

 

¨

Subscribers will have no control in the Company and will not have any voting rights. The Manager or its affiliates will manage the day to day operations of the Company.

 

¨

We will require additional financing, such as bank loans, outside of this offering in order for the operations to be successful.

 

¨

We have not conducted any revenue-generating activities and as such have not generated any revenue since inception.

 

¨

Our offering price is arbitrary and does not reflect the book value of our Class A Interests.

 

¨

Investments in real estate and real estate related assets are speculative and we will be highly dependent on the performance of the real estate market.

 

¨

The Company does not currently own any assets.

 

By purchasing Interests, Subscribers are bound by the dispute resolution provisions contained in our Operating Agreement which limits your ability to bring class action lawsuits or seek remedy on a class basis. The dispute resolution process provisions do not apply to claims under the federal securities laws. By agreeing to the dispute resolution process, including mandatory arbitration, investors will not be deemed to have waived the company’s compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

 

See the section entitled “RISK FACTORS” beginning on page 7 for a more comprehensive discussion of risks to consider before purchasing our Class A Interests.

 

 
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INVESTMENT IN SMALL BUSINESSES INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK, AND INVESTORS SHOULD NOT INVEST ANY FUNDS IN THIS OFFERING UNLESS THEY CAN AFFORD TO LOSE THEIR ENTIRE INVESTMENT. SEE THE SECTION ENTITLED “RISK FACTORS.”

 

IN MAKING AN INVESTMENT DECISION INVESTORS MUST RELY ON THEIR OWN EXAMINATION OF THE ISSUER AND THE TERMS OF THE OFFERING, INCLUDING THE MERITS AND RISKS INVOLVED. THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN RECOMMENDED OR APPROVED BY ANY FEDERAL OR STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION OR REGULATORY AUTHORITY. FURTHERMORE, THESE AUTHORITIES HAVE NOT PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS DOCUMENT. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.

 

THE U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION DOES NOT PASS UPON THE MERITS OF ANY SECURITIES OFFERED OR THE TERMS OF THE OFFERING, NOR DOES IT PASS UPON THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY OFFERING CIRCULAR OR SELLING LITERATURE. THESE SECURITIES ARE OFFERED UNDER AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION; HOWEVER, THE COMMISSION HAS NOT MADE AN INDEPENDENT DETERMINATION THAT THESE SECURITIES ARE EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION.

 

GENERALLY, NO SALE MAY BE MADE TO YOU IN THIS OFFERING IF THE AGGREGATE PURCHASE PRICE YOU PAY IS MORE THAN 10% OF THE GREATER OF YOUR ANNUAL INCOME OR NET WORTH. DIFFERENT RULES APPLY TO ACCREDITED INVESTORS AND NON-NATURAL PERSONS. BEFORE MAKING ANY REPRESENTATION THAT YOUR INVESTMENT DOES NOT EXCEED APPLICABLE THRESHOLDS, WE ENCOURAGE YOU TO REVIEW RULE 251(D)(2)(I)(C) OF REGULATION A. FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ON INVESTING, WE ENCOURAGE YOU TO REFER TO WWW.INVESTOR.GOV.

 

NOTICE REGARDING AGREEMENT TO ARBITRATE

 

THIS OFFERING MEMORANDUM REQUIRES THAT ALL INVESTORS ARBITRATE ANY DISPUTE, OTHER THAN THOSE RELATED TO CLAIMS UNDER FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS AND THE RULES AND REGULATIONS PROMULGATED THEREUNDER, ARISING OUT OF THEIR INVESTMENT IN THE COMPANY. ALL INVESTORS FURTHER AGREE THAT THE ARBITRATION WILL BE BINDING AND HELD IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE. EACH INVESTOR ALSO AGREES TO WAIVE ANY RIGHTS TO A JURY TRIAL. OUT OF STATE ARBITRATION MAY FORCE AN INVESTOR TO ACCEPT A LESS FAVORABLE SETTLEMENT FOR DISPUTES. OUT OF STATE ARBITRATION MAY ALSO COST AN INVESTOR MORE TO ARBITRATE A SETTLEMENT OF A DISPUTE.

 

 
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

OFFERING CIRCULAR SUMMARY

 

6

 

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

 

7

 

EXEMPTIONS UNDER JUMPSTART OUR BUSINESS STARTUPS ACT

 

11

 

RISK FACTORS

 

12

 

DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE

 

30

 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

31

 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

35

 

POLICIES WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS

 

41

 

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

 

44

 

TAX TREATMENT OF COMPANY AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

 

51

 

SUMMARY OF OPERATING AGREEMENT

 

56

 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

62

 

OFFERING PRICE FACTORS

 

62

 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

 

63

 

MANAGER, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS

 

63

 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

65

 

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

66

 

PRIOR PERFORMANCE

 

67

 

SELECTION, MANAGEMENT AND CUSTODY OF COMPANY’S INVESTMENTS

 

 

 

LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY

 

69

 

INTERESTS OF NAMED EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

 

69

 

 
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OFFERING CIRCULAR SUMMARY

 

This summary contains basic information about us and the Offering. Because it is a summary, it does not contain all the information that you should consider before investing. You should read the entire Offering Circular carefully, including the risk factors and our financial statements and the related notes to those statements included in this Offering Circular. Except as otherwise required by the context, references in this Offering Circular to "we," "our," "us," “the Company,” and "PEF," refer to Paradyme Equities, LLC.

 

We were formed on May 16, 2017 and have not yet commenced operations.

 

We are not a blank check company and do not consider ourselves to be a blank check company as we:

 

 

¨

Have a specific business plan. We have provided a detailed plan for the next twelve (12) months throughout our Offering Circular.

 

 

¨

Have no intention of entering into a reverse merger with any entity in an unrelated industry in the future.

 

Since our inception through May 16, 2017, we have not generated any revenues and have incurred a net loss of $0. We anticipate the commencement of generating revenues in the next twelve months. The capital raised in this Offering has been budgeted to cover the costs associated with beginning to operate our company, marketing expense, and acquisition related costs. We intend on using the majority of the proceeds from this Offering for the acquisition of properties. However, closing and other acquisition related costs such as title insurance, professional fees and taxes will likely require cash. We do not have the ability to quantify any of the expenses as they will all depend on size of deal, price, and place versus procuring new financing, due diligence performed (such as appraisal, environmental, property condition reports), legal and accounting, etc. There is no way to predict or otherwise detail expenses.

 

We intend on engaging in the following activities:

 

1. The Company’s primary focus is to invest in multifamily, commercial, single family, retail, mini storage, mixed-use commercial, hotels and land. It is the Company’s intention to operate as a a diversified income asset equity fund with the intention of entering into Joint Ventures with highly qualified sponsors with a proven positive track record whose properties that will appreciate over a three (3) to six (6) year holding period. The properties are selected based on criteria that includes value add construction, new construction, and development in good locations. Upon completion of construction, it is expected that properties will be managed by third-party property management.

 

2. In some circumstances, the Company may elect to purchase commercial properties that have potential to soon be or are cash flow positive, meaning properties that have a positive monthly income after all expenses (mortgages, operating expenses, taxes) and maintenance reserves are paid. Nonetheless, the potential acquisition should have the likelihood to appreciate over the hold period. In order to determine if an investment or Joint Venture with another sponsor is viable, our Manager will do a significant amount of due diligence to determine the security of the transaction.

 

 
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3. Invest in any opportunity our Manager sees fit within the confines of the market, marketplace and economy so long as those investments are real estate related and within the investment objectives of the Company. To this end, at some time in the future, the Company may also purchase additional properties or make other real estate investments that relate to varying property types including office, retail, and industrial properties. Such property types will likely be operating properties rather than properties under development.

 

4. In most circumstances, the Company will elect to enter into a joint venture agreement with another real estate developer or investor who may have certain resources or opportunities not otherwise available to the Company.

 

In all cases, the debt on any given property must be such that it fits with the Investment Policies of the Company. We intend on leveraging our properties with no more than 80% of their value.

 

The Company does not currently own any material assets. Please see our “DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS” on page 24. We believe we will need at least $1,200,000 to provide working capital and $75,000 for professional fees for the next 12 months.

 

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

 

Q: What is Paradyme Equities, LLC?

A: Paradyme Equities, LLC is a newly formed company created for the specific purpose of identifying and purchasing a diverse portfolio of real estate assets. The Company has been formed to acquire and joint venture with highly qualified operators in various real estate assets throughout the United States. Although the Manager intends to initially search for properties located in Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Nevada, Tennessee, and Texas with a particular concentration in California. The Company will not limit itself geographically. The Company intends to focus its investment efforts on value add and new construction transactions. It is the intention of the Company to use funds for both acquisition and property development. The Company may use funds for the following asset purchases and developments with Joint Venture partners:

 

 

·Land for development

 

·Hotel properties

 

·Self-storage properties

 

·Senior and assisted living facilities

 

·Commercial retail

 

·Mixed use commercial properties

 

·Multi-family

 

·Single Family 1-4 Units

  

The Company intends to Joint Venture on properties that will appreciate in value over the expected hold period of five (5) to six (6) years. In some circumstances, the Company may refinance or sell a property to a related entity if the Manager does not feel that it is the optimal time to sell a particular property, but still wants to provide liquidity to Members.

 

 
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Q: How will Paradyme Funding, LLC (PEF) identify properties?

A: The Manager will search for properties using traditional methods of using brokers in the markets where the Manager believe there are opportunities, third party market studies, appraisals and any/all data sources available to determine if the investment is sound and will turn a profit.

 

Q: What kind of return may be expected by a Member?

A: The Company does not currently own any assets, therefore, returns are speculative. However, it is the Company’s intent to pay 8% (eight percent) preferred return as well as thirty percent (30%) of the Distributable Cash in accordance with an individual Member’s prorate membership in the Company.. (See the “SUMMARY OF OPERATING AGREEMENT” on page 47 for more information.)

 

Q: What is the minimum investment amount allowed?

A: $20,000

  

Q: Who may invest?

A: The Interests will be available to anyone, generally speaking, however, the Manager reserves the right to reject any subscription they wish. Further, investors will not be allowed to invest more than the greater of 10% of their net worth or 10% of their net income, whichever is greater.

 

Q: Where can I buy Class A Interests?

A: All Interests will be available for purchase at www.paradymefunding.com

 

Q: Who is the Manager?

AThe Manager is Paradyme Funding, Inc. which is controlled by Ryan Garland. Prior performance of real estate investments may be found in the section entitled “PRIOR PERFORMANCE.” For more info on Mr. Garland, please see “MANAGER, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS

 

Q: How can I sell my Interests?

A: Generally speaking, the Interests will not be transferrable. Investors should consider investing for the long-term as disposition of the Interests will be difficult, if not impossible. The Company intends to operate for approximately six (6) years at which time the Manager intends to employ a variety of exit strategies with the intent of then distributing the Capital Account Balances to the Members. Ideally, at or around six years, the Company will begin to sell or refinance properties that have appreciated in value. In some circumstances, the Company may refinance or sell a property to a related entity if the Manager does not feel that it is the optimal time to sell a particular property, but still wants to provide liquidity to Members.

 

Q: Will I be charged upfront selling commissions?

A: No. Investors will not pay upfront selling commissions as part of the price per Interest purchased in this offering. However, if the Manager finds that selling the Interests is difficult, it may later enlist the services of a licensed broker-dealer to assist with the sales of the Interests, in which case sales commission will be paid by the Company.

 

 
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Q: Do you have a redemption program?

A: No. We do not currently have a redemption program. An investor should expect to remain in the Company for a period of six (6) years.

 

Q: May I make an investment through my IRA or other tax-deferred retirement account?

A: Yes. You may make an investment through your IRA or other tax-deferred retirement account. In making these investment decisions, you should consider, at a minimum, (1) whether the investment is in accordance with the documents and instruments governing your IRA, plan or other retirement account, (2) whether the investment would constitute a prohibited transaction under applicable law, (3) whether the investment satisfies the fiduciary requirements associated with your IRA, plan or other retirement account, (4) whether the investment will generate unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) to your IRA, plan or other retirement account, and (5) whether there is sufficient liquidity for such investment under your IRA, plan or other retirement account. You should note that an investment in our Class A Interests will not, in itself, create a retirement plan and that, in order to create a retirement plan, you must comply with all applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “IRS Code”).

  

It is the Company’s understanding that IRA and Roth IRA investments can be made through self-directed accounts which are not managed by the Company and most likely will be charged fees to manage the self-directed account. These fees will need to be paid by the investor and are not considered an expense of the Company.

 

Q: Is there any minimum initial offering amount required to be sold?

A: We intend to raise a minimum of $500,000 prior to using funds to purchase properties or for working capital. In some circumstances, the management or some related entity may “pre-fund” a property and funds from this offering will go to replace that “pre-funding” amount as funds are available.

 

Q: Will I be notified of how my investment is doing?

A: Yes, we will provide you with periodic updates on the performance of your investment in us, including:

 

 

¨

an annual report;

 

¨

a semi-annual report;

 

¨

current event reports for specified material events within ten business days of their occurrence;

 

¨

supplements to the offering circular, if we have material information to disclose to you; and

 

¨

other reports that we may file or furnish to the SEC from time to time.

 

 
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We will provide this information to you by posting such information on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov, on our website at www. paradymefunding.com, and via e-mail.

 

Q: When will I get my detailed tax information?

A: Your schedule K-1 tax information, will be provided by March 15th of the year following each taxable year.

 

Q: Who can help answer my questions about the offering?

Please contact:

Investor Relations

Paradyme Equities, LLC

43620 Ridge Park Drive #200

Temecula, CA 92590

Office: (951)901-5304

Email: Paradymeequitiesinfo@paradymefunding.com

 

 
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EXEMPTIONS UNDER JUMPSTART OUR BUSINESS STARTUPS ACT

 

We are an emerging growth company. An emerging growth company is one that had total annual gross revenues of less than $1,070,000,000 (as such amount is indexed for inflation every 5 years by the Commission to reflect the change in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, setting the threshold to the nearest 1,000,000) during its most recently completed fiscal year. We would lose our emerging growth status if we were to exceed $1,070,000,000 in gross revenues. We are not sure this will ever take place.

 

Because we are an emerging growth company, we have the exemption from Section 404(b) of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and Section 14A(a) and (b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under Section 404(b), we are now exempt from the internal control assessment required by subsection (a) that requires each independent auditor that prepares or issues the audit report for the issuer shall attest to, and report on, the assessment made by the management of the issuer. We are also not required to receive a separate resolution regarding either executive compensation or for any golden parachutes for our executives so long as we continue to operate as an emerging growth company.

 

We hereby elect to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards under Section 102(b)(1).

 

We will lose our status as an emerging growth company in the following circumstances:

 

 

¨

The end of the fiscal year in which our annual revenues exceed $1.07 billion.

 

¨

The end of the fiscal year in which the fifth anniversary of our IPO occurred.

 

¨

The date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1 .07 billion in non-convertible debt.

 

¨

The date on which we qualify as a large accelerated filer.

 
 
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RISK FACTORS

 

Investors in the Company should be particularly aware of the inherent risks associated with our business. As of the date of this filing our management is aware of the following material risks.

 

General Risks Related to Our Business

 

We are an emerging growth company organized in May 2018 and have not yet commenced operations, which makes an evaluation of us extremely difficult. At this stage of our business operations, even with our good faith efforts, we may never become profitable or generate any significant amount of revenues, thus potential investors have a possibility of losing their investment.

 

We were organized in May 2017 and have not yet started operations. As a result of our start-up status we (i) have generated no revenues, (ii) will accumulate deficits due to organizational and start-up activities, business plan development, and professional fees since we organized. There is nothing at this time, other than the track record of our Manager, on which to base an assumption that our business operations will prove to be successful or that we will ever be able to operate profitably. However, past results do not guarantee future profitability. Our future operating results will depend on many factors, including our ability to raise adequate working capital, availability of properties for purchase, the level of our competition and our ability to attract and maintain key management and employees.

 

We are significantly dependent on Ryan Garland. The loss or unavailability of his services would have an adverse effect on our business, operations and prospects in that we may not be able to obtain new management under the same financial arrangements, which could result in a partial loss or return of your investment.

 

The acquisition of properties and the attainment of new investors is significantly dependent on Ryan Garland. We expect that our investor base will be largely drawn from Mr. Garland’s exposure on social media and on media content delivered over the Company’s website. Mr. Garland implemented the Company’s strategy to identify and acquire multifamily, commercial, single family, mini storage and ultimately being diversified in real estate investment. And properties which has resulted in the success of his prior real estate investments. It would be difficult to replace Ryan Garland at such an early stage of development of the Company. Mr. Garland has built a qualified team of individuals that manage the marketing, business operations, property management, acquisitions and dispositions of assets while maintaining Mr. Garland’s investment strategy. In the event of Mr. Garland’s departure from the Company, it may be difficult to attain new investors or purchase properties, but the current management team would be able to manage the Company’s assets until a such time as an exit would occur. Should the Company be unable to replace Ryan Garland it may be required to cease pursuing business opportunities, which may result in a partial loss or return of your investment.

 

 
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This offering is a blind pool offering, and therefore, Members will not have the opportunity to evaluate some of our investments before we make them, which makes investments more speculative.

 

We will seek to invest substantially all of the net offering proceeds from this Offering, after the payment of fees and expenses, in the acquisition of or investment in interests in assets. However, because, as of the date of this Offering Circular, we have not identified the assets we expect to acquire and because our Members will be unable to evaluate the economic merit of assets before we invest in them, they will have to rely on the ability of our Manager to select suitable and successful investment opportunities. These factors increase the risk that our Members’ investment may not generate returns comparable to the Company’s competitors.

  

Our Manager will have complete control over the Company and will therefore make all decisions over which Members will have no control.

 

Paradyme Funding, Inc., our Manager, will make all decisions relating to the business, operations, and strategy, without input by the Members. Such decisions may include purchase and sale decisions regarding the assets, the appointment of other officers, managers, vendors and whether to enter into material transactions with related parties.

 

An investment in the Interests is highly illiquid. You may never be able to sell or otherwise dispose of your Interests.

 

Since there is no public trading market for our Interests, you may never be able to liquidate your investment or otherwise dispose of your Interests. The Company intends to operate for a period of six (6) years. Therefore, you should expect to keep your investment in Class A Interests for a period of six (6) years.

 

Risks Related to the Real Estate Business in General

 

The profitability of attempted acquisitions is uncertain.

 

We intend to acquire and joint venture in desirable real estate properties selectively. Real estate investments entail risk that investments may fail to perform in accordance with expectations. In undertaking these acquisitions, we will incur certain risks, including the expenditure of funds on, and the devotion of management’s time to, transactions that may not come to fruition. Additional risks inherent in acquisitions include risks that the properties will not achieve anticipated sales price, rents, or occupancy levels and that estimated operating expenses and costs of improvements to bring an acquired property up to standards established for the market position intended for that property may prove inaccurate.

 

 
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Rising expenses could reduce cash flow and funds available for future acquisitions.

 

Our properties will be subject to increases in real estate tax rates, utility costs, operating expenses, insurance costs, repairs and maintenance, administrative and other expenses. If we are unable to increase rents at an equal or higher rate or lease properties on a basis requiring the tenants to pay all or some of the expenses, we would be required to pay those costs, which could adversely affect funds available for future cash distributions.

 

If we purchase assets at a time when the multifamily or commercial real estate market is experiencing substantial influxes of capital investment and competition for properties, the real estate we purchase may not appreciate or may decrease in value.

 

The multifamily real estate markets along with our chosen asset classes are currently experiencing a substantial influx of capital from investors worldwide. This substantial flow of capital, combined with significant competition for real estate and the strength in the economy, may result in inflated purchase prices for such assets. To the extent we purchase real estate in such an environment, we are subject to the risk that if the real estate market ceases to attract the same level of capital investment in the future as it is currently attracting, or if the number of companies seeking to acquire such assets decreases, our returns will be lower and the value of our assets may not appreciate or may decrease significantly below the amount we paid for such assets.

 

A multifamily or commercial property's income and value may be adversely affected by national and regional economic conditions, local real estate conditions such as an oversupply of properties or a reduction in demand for properties, availability of "for sale" properties, competition from other similar properties, our ability to provide adequate maintenance, insurance and management services, increased operating costs (including real estate taxes), the attractiveness and location of the property and changes in market rental rates. Our income will be adversely affected if a significant number of tenants are unable to pay rent or if our properties cannot be rented on favorable terms. Our performance is linked to economic conditions in the regions where our properties will be located and in the market for multifamily space generally. Therefore, to the extent that there are adverse economic conditions in those regions, and in these markets generally, that impact the applicable market rents, such conditions could result in a reduction of our income and cash available for distributions and thus affect the amount of distributions we can make to you.

  

 
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We will depend on commercial real estate tenants for our revenue and therefore our revenue may depend on the economic viability of our tenants.

 

We will be highly dependent on income from tenants. Our financial results will depend in part on leasing space in the properties or the full properties we acquire to tenants on economically favorable terms.

 

In the event of a tenant default prior to stabilization, we may experience delays in enforcing our rights as landlord and may incur substantial costs in protecting our investment and re-letting our property. A default, of a substantial tenant or number of tenants at any one time, on lease payments to us would cause us to lose the revenue associated with such lease(s) and cause us to have to find an alternative source of revenue to meet mortgage payments and prevent a foreclosure if the property is subject to a mortgage. Therefore, substantial lease payment defaults by tenant(s) could cause us to lose our investment or reduce the amount of distributions to Members.

 

Competition and any increased affordability of single-family homes could limit our ability to lease our apartments or maintain or increase rents, which may materially and adversely affect us, including our financial condition, cash flows, results of operations and growth prospects. However, having investments also in the single-family sector could offset the level of risk.

 

The commercial real estate investment industry is highly competitive, and we face competition from many sources, including from other multifamily apartment communities both in the immediate vicinity and the geographic market where our properties are and will be located. If so, this would increase the number of apartments units available and may decrease occupancy and unit rental rates. Furthermore, multifamily apartment communities we acquired compete, or will compete, with numerous housing alternative in attracting residents, including owner occupied single and multifamily homes available to rent or purchase. The number of competitive properties and/or condominiums in a particular area, or any increased affordability of owner occupied single and multifamily homes caused by declining housing prices, mortgage interest rates and government programs to promote home ownership, could adversely affect our ability to retain our residents, lease apartment units and maintain or increase rental rates. These factors could materially and adversely affect us.

 

We may not make a profit if we sell a property.

 

The prices that we can obtain when we determine to sell a property will depend on many factors that are presently unknown, including the operating history, tax treatment of real estate investments, demographic trends in the area and available financing. There is a risk that we will not realize any significant appreciation on our investment in a property. Accordingly, your ability to recover all or any portion of your investment under such circumstances will depend on the amount of funds so realized and claims to be satisfied therefrom.

 

 
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Our Properties may not be diversified.

 

Our potential profitability and our ability to diversify our investments may be limited, both geographically and by type of properties purchased. We will be able to purchase additional properties only as additional funds are raised. Given the limited number of assets we are targeting, our properties will not be well diversified, and their economic performance could be affected by changes in local economic conditions or changes uniquely affecting one or more particular asset classes.

 

Our performance is therefore linked to economic conditions in the regions in which we will acquire properties and in the market for real estate properties generally. Therefore, to the extent that there are adverse economic conditions in the regions in which our properties are located and in the market for real estate properties, such conditions could result in a reduction of our income and cash to return capital and thus affect the amount of distributions we can make to you.

 

Competition with third parties in acquiring and operating properties may reduce our profitability and the return on your investment.

 

We compete with many other entities engaged in real estate investment activities, many of which have greater resources than we do. Specifically, there are numerous commercial developers, real estate companies, foreign investors and investment funds that operate in the markets in which we may operate, that will compete with us in acquiring residential, commercial, and other properties that will be seeking investments and tenants for these properties.

 

Many of these entities have significant financial and other resources, including operating experience, allowing them to compete effectively with us. Competitors with substantially greater financial resources than us may generally be able to accept more risk than we can prudently manage, including risks with respect to the creditworthiness of entities in which investments may be made or risks attendant to a geographic concentration of investments. Demand from third parties for properties that meet our investment objectives could result in an increase of the price of such properties. If we pay higher prices for properties, our profitability may be reduced, and you may experience a lower return on your investment. In addition, our properties may be located in a close proximity to other properties that will compete against our properties for tenants. Many of these competing properties may be better located and/or appointed than the properties that we will acquire, giving these properties a competitive advantage over our properties, and we may, in the future, face additional competition from properties not yet constructed or even planned. This competition could adversely affect our business. The number of competitive properties could have a material effect on our ability to rent space at our properties and the amount of rents charged. We could be adversely affected if additional competitive properties are built in locations competitive with our properties, causing increased competition for residential renters. In addition, our ability to charge premium rental rates to tenants may be negatively impacted. This increased competition may increase our costs of acquisitions or lower the occupancies and the rent we may charge tenants. This could result in decreased cash flow from tenants and may require us to make capital improvements to properties which we would not have otherwise made, thus affecting cash available for distributions to you.

 

 
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We may not have control over costs arising from rehabilitation of properties.

 

We may elect to acquire properties which may require rehabilitation, although we do not intend on acquiring properties that require extensive rehabilitation. Nonetheless, we may acquire affordable properties that we will rehabilitate and convert to market rate properties. Consequently, we may retain independent general contractors to perform the actual physical rehabilitation and/or construction work and will be subject to risks in connection with a contractor's ability to control rehabilitation and/or construction costs, the timing of completion of rehabilitation and/or construction, and a contractor's ability to build in conformity with plans and specification.

  

Inventory or available properties might not be sufficient to realize our investment goals.

 

We may not be successful in identifying suitable real estate properties or other assets that meet our acquisition criteria, or consummating acquisitions or investments on satisfactory terms. Failures in identifying or consummating acquisitions would impair the pursuit of our business plan. Moreover, our acquisition strategy could involve significant risks that could inhibit our growth and negatively impact our operating results, including the following: increases in asking prices by acquisition candidates to levels beyond our financial capability or to levels that would not result in the returns required by our acquisition criteria; diversion of management’s attention to expansion efforts; unanticipated costs and contingent or undisclosed liabilities associated with acquisitions; failure of acquired businesses to achieve expected results; and difficulties entering markets in which we have no or limited experience.

 

The consideration paid for our target acquisition may exceed fair market value, which may harm our financial condition and operating results.

 

The consideration that we pay will be based upon numerous factors, and the target acquisition may be purchased in a negotiated transaction rather than through a competitive bidding process. We cannot assure anyone that the purchase price that we pay for a target acquisition or its appraised value will be a fair price, that we will be able to generate an acceptable return on such target acquisition, or that the location, lease terms or other relevant economic and financial data of any properties that we acquire will meet acceptable risk profiles. We may also be unable to lease vacant space or renegotiate existing leases at market rates, which would adversely affect our returns on a target acquisition. As a result, our investments in our target acquisition may fail to perform in accordance with our expectations, which may substantially harm our operating results and financial condition.

 

 
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The failure of our properties to generate positive cash flow or to sufficiently appreciate in value would most likely preclude our Members from realizing an attractive return on their Interest ownership.

 

There is no assurance that our real estate investments will appreciate in value or will ever be sold at a profit. The marketability and value of the properties will depend upon many factors beyond the control of our management. There is no assurance that there will be a ready market for the properties, since investments in real property are generally non-liquid. The real estate market is affected by many factors, such as general economic conditions, availability of financing, interest rates and other factors, including supply and demand, that are beyond our control. We cannot predict whether we will be able to sell any property for the price or on the terms set by it, or whether any price or other terms offered by a prospective purchaser would be acceptable to us. We also cannot predict the length of time needed to find a willing purchaser and to close the sale of a property. Moreover, we may be required to expend funds to correct defects or to make improvements before a property can be sold. We cannot assure any person that we will have funds available to correct those defects or to make those improvements. In acquiring a property, we may agree to lockout provisions that materially restrict us from selling that property for a period of time or impose other restrictions, such as a limitation on the amount of debt that can be placed or repaid on that property. These lockout provisions would restrict our ability to sell a property. These factors and any others that would impede our ability to respond to adverse changes in the performance of our properties could significantly harm our financial condition and operating results.

 

Illiquidity of real estate investments could significantly impede our ability to respond to adverse changes in the performance of our properties and harm our financial condition.

 

Because real estate investments are relatively illiquid, our ability to promptly sell one or more properties or investments in our portfolio in response to changing economic, financial and investment conditions may be limited. In particular, these risks could arise from weakness in or even the lack of an established market for a property, changes in the financial condition or prospects of prospective purchasers, changes in national or international economic conditions, and changes in laws, regulations or fiscal policies of jurisdictions in which the property is located. We may be unable to realize our investment objectives by sale, other disposition or refinance at attractive prices within any given period of time or may otherwise be unable to complete any exit strategy. An exit event is not guaranteed and is subject to the Manager’s discretion.

 

 
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Risks Specific to Hotel Properties

 

We plan to invest in the select service hotels segment of the lodging market which is highly competitive.

 

The select service segment of the hotel business is highly competitive. Our hotel properties will most likely compete on the basis of location, room rates, quality, service levels, reputation and franchise, among many factors. There are many competitors in the select service segment, and many of these competitors may have substantially greater marketing and financial resources than we have. This competition could reduce occupancy levels and room revenue at our hotels. Over-building in the lodging industry may increase the number of rooms available and may decrease occupancy and room rates. In addition, in periods of weak demand, as may occur during a general economic recession, profitability is negatively affected by the relatively high fixed costs of operating hotels.

 

Our returns could be negatively impacted if we hire third-party management companies and those management companies do not manage our hotel properties effectively.

 

We currently do not own any hotels and thus, we do not have any management agreements in place. We may hire third-party managers to manage our hotels while we are attempting to dispose of or renovate the properties. Our cash flow from the hotels may be adversely affected if our managers fail to provide quality services and amenities or if they or their affiliates fail to maintain a quality brand name. In addition, our managers or their affiliates may manage, and in some cases may own, invest in or provide credit support or operating guarantees to hotels that compete with our hotel properties, which may result in conflicts of interest and decisions regarding the operation of our hotels that are not in our best interests.

 

We generally will attempt to resolve issues with our managers through discussions and negotiations. However, if we are unable to reach satisfactory results through discussions and negotiations, we may choose to litigate the dispute or submit the matter to third-party dispute resolution. 

 

Additionally, in the event that we need to replace any management company, we may be required by the terms of the management contract to pay substantial termination fees and may experience significant disruptions at the affected hotels.

 

 
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Restrictive covenants in our management contracts could preclude us from taking actions with respect to the sale or refinancing of a hotel property that would otherwise be in our best interest.

 

We may enter into management contracts that contain some restrictive covenants or acquire properties subject to existing management contracts that do not allow the flexibility we seek, including management contracts that restrict our ability to terminate the contract or require us to pay large termination fees. Any such management contract may preclude us from taking actions that would otherwise be in our best interest or could cause us to incur substantial expense.

 

We may acquire hotels that may be operated under franchise agreements are subject to risks arising from adverse developments with respect to the franchise brand and to costs associated with maintaining the franchise license.

 

We expect that we may purchase hotel properties that will operate under franchise agreements and we anticipate that some of the hotels we acquire in the future will operate under franchise agreements. We are therefore subject to the risks associated with concentrating hotel investments in several franchise brands, including reductions in business following negative publicity related to one of the brands or the general decline of a brand.

 

The maintenance of the franchise licenses for branded hotel properties are subject to the franchisors’ operating standards and other terms and conditions. Franchisors periodically inspect hotel properties to ensure that we and our management companies follow their standards. Failure by us or one of our third-party management companies to maintain these standards or other terms and conditions could result in a franchise license being canceled. If a franchise license is cancelled due to our failure to make required improvements or to otherwise comply with its terms, we also may be liable to the franchisor for a termination payment, which varies by franchisor and by hotel property. As a condition of maintaining a franchise license, a franchisor could require us to make capital expenditures, even if we do not believe the capital improvements are necessary or desirable or will result in an acceptable return on our investment. We may risk losing a franchise license if we do not make franchisor-required capital expenditures.

 

If a franchisor terminates the franchise license or the license expires, we may try either to obtain a suitable replacement franchise or to operate the hotel without a franchise license. The loss of a franchise license could materially and adversely affect the operations and the underlying value of the hotel property because of the loss of associated name recognition, marketing support and centralized reservation system provided by the franchisor and adversely affect our revenues. This loss of revenue could in turn adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, the market price of our common shares and our ability to make distributions to our limited partners.

  

 
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Risks Related to Financing

 

We might obtain lines of credit and other borrowings, which increases our risk of loss due to potential foreclosure.

 

We may obtain lines of credit and long-term financing that may be secured by our assets. As with any liability, there is a risk that we may be unable to repay our obligations from the cash flow of our assets. Therefore, when borrowing and securing such borrowing with our assets, we risk losing such assets in the event we are unable to repay such obligations or meet such demands.

 

We have broad authority to incur debt and high debt levels could hinder our ability to make distributions and decrease the value of our investors’ investments.

 

Our policies do not limit us from incurring debt until our total liabilities would be at 80% of the value of the assets of the Company. Although we intend to borrow typically no more than 70% of a property’s value, we may borrow as much as 80% of the value of our properties. We do not currently own any properties. High debt levels would cause us to incur higher interest charges and higher debt service payments and may also be accompanied by restrictive covenants. These factors could limit the amount of cash we have available to distribute and could result in a decline in the value of our investors’ investments.

 

Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest

 

There are conflicts of interest between us, our Manager and its affiliates.

 

We have not identified who might provide asset management and other services to our Manager and the Company. Prevailing market rates are determined by Management based on industry standards and expectations of what Management would be able to negotiate with a third-party on an arm’s length basis. All of the agreements and arrangements between such parties, including those relating to compensation, are not the result of arm’s length negotiations. Some of the conflicts inherent in our Company’s transactions with the Manager and its affiliates, and the limitations on such parties adopted to address these conflicts, are described below. Our Company, Manager and their affiliates will try to balance our interests with their own. However, to the extent that such parties take actions that are more favorable to other entities than the Company, these actions could have negative impact on our financial performance and, consequently, on distributions to Members and the value of our Interests. See “Conflicts of Interest”.

 

 
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The interests of the Manager, our principals and their other affiliates may conflict with your interests.

 

The operating agreement provides our Manager with broad powers and authority which may result in one or more conflicts of interest between your interests and those of the Manager, the principals and its other affiliates. Potential conflicts of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

 

¨

the Manager, the principals and/or its other affiliates are offering, and may continue to originate and offer, other real estate investment opportunities, including additional blind pool equity and debt offerings similar to this offering and may make investments in real estate assets for their own respective accounts, whether or not competitive with our business;

 

¨

the Manager, the principals and/or its other affiliates will not be required to disgorge any profits or fees or other compensation they may receive from any other business they own separately from us, and you will not be entitled to receive or share in any of the profits return fees or compensation from any other business owned and operated by the Manager, the principals and/or its other affiliates for their own benefit;

 

¨

we may engage the Manager or affiliates of the Manager to perform services at prevailing market rates. Prevailing market rates are determined by the Manager based on industry standards and expectations of what the Manager would be able to negotiate with a third-party on an arm’s length basis; and

 

¨

the Manager, the principals and/or its other affiliates are not required to devote all of their time and efforts to our affairs.

 

Risks Associated with Joint Ventures/Co-Investors

 

The terms of joint venture agreements or other joint ownership/co-investor arrangements into which the Manager may enter could impair operating flexibility and results of operations.

 

In connection with the purchase of real estate or making real estate-related investments, the Manager may enter into joint ventures with affiliated or unaffiliated partners. In addition, the Company may also purchase or develop properties in arrangements with affiliates of the Manager, the sellers of the properties, developers and/or similar persons. These structures involve participation in the investment by outsiders whose interests and rights may not be the same as the Company’s. These joint venture partners or co-tenants may have rights to take some actions over which the Manager has no control and may take actions contrary to the interests of the Company. For example, joint ownership of an investment, under certain circumstances, may involve risks not associated with direct ownership of such investment, including the following:

 

 
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¨

a partner or co-investor might have economic and/or other business interests or goals which are unlike or incompatible with the business interests or goals of the Company, including inconsistent goals relating to the sale of properties held in a joint venture and/or the timing of the termination and liquidation of the venture;

 

¨

such partners or co-investors may become bankrupt and such proceedings could have an adverse impact on the operation of the Company or joint venture;

 

¨

the Company may incur liabilities as the result of actions taken by joint venture partners in which there was no direct involvement; and

 

¨

such partners or co-investors may be in a position to take action contrary to instructions from the Manager or requests or contrary to the Company’s policies and objectives or fail to take actions as instructed.

 

If the Company has a right of first refusal or buy/sell right to buy out a co-investor/venturer or partner, we may be unable to finance such a buy-out if it becomes exercisable or we may be forced to exercise those rights at a time when it would not otherwise be in our best interest to do so. If the Company’s interest is subject to a buy/sell right, we may not have sufficient cash, available borrowing capacity or other capital resources to allow the purchase of such an interest of a co-investor/venturer subject to the buy/sell right, in which case we may be forced to sell the interest when otherwise we would have preferred to retain such interest. The Manager may not be able to sell a Company’s interest in a joint venture on a timely basis or on acceptable terms if an exit from the venture is desired for any reason, particularly if the interest is subject to a right of first refusal of the co-investor/venturer or partner.

 

The Manager may structure a joint venture/co-invest relationships in a manner which could limit the amount the Company participates in the cash flow or appreciation of an investment.

 

The Manager may enter into joint venture agreements, the economic terms of which may provide for the distribution of income to the Company otherwise than in direct proportion to ownership interest in the joint venture. For example, while a co-investor/venturer may invest an equal amount of capital in an investment, the investment may be structured such that the Company has a right to priority distributions of cash flow up to a certain target return while the co-investor/venturer may receive a disproportionately greater share of cash flow than the Company is to receive once such target return has been achieved. This type of investment structure may result in the co-investor/venturer receiving more of the cash flow, including appreciation, of an investment than the Company would receive. If the Manager does not accurately judge the appreciation prospects of a particular investment or structure the agreement appropriately, the Company may incur losses on joint venture/co-invest investments and/or have limited participation in the profits of a joint venture/co-invest investment, either of which could reduce the ability to make cash distributions to the Members.

 

 
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Co-investments with other parties will result in additional risks.

 

The Company may co-invest in various investments with other investors obtained by an affiliate of the Manager. It is possible that a co-investor would be unable to pay its share of costs, which could be detrimental to the Company’s investment in a project unless an alternative source of capital could be obtained. In the event a third-party co-investor was to become bankrupt; third party creditors could become involved in the project affairs. In addition, the co-investors could have economic or business interests or goals which are, or which may become inconsistent with the Company’s business interests or goals.

 

If the Manager enters into joint ventures with affiliates, the Company may face conflicts of interest or disagreements with the joint venture partners that will not be resolved as quickly or on terms as advantageous to the Company as would be the case if the joint venture had been negotiated at arm’s-length with an independent joint venture partner. As a result, Member returns may be decreased by entering into such joint ventures with affiliates of the Manager.

 

In the event that the Company enters into a joint venture with any other program sponsored or advised by the Manager or one of its affiliates, the Company may face certain additional risks and potential conflicts of interest. Joint venture partners may not desire to sell properties at the time the Company desires. Joint ventures between the Company and other Manager programs will not have the benefit of arm’s-length negotiation of the type normally conducted between unrelated co-venturers. Under these joint venture agreements, none of the co-venturers may have the power to control the venture, and an impasse could be reached regarding matters pertaining to the joint venture, including the timing of a liquidation, which might have a negative impact on the joint venture and decrease returns to the Members. Joint ventures with other Manager programs would also be subject to the risks associated with joint ventures with unaffiliated third parties.

  

Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure

 

We do not set aside funds in a sinking fund to pay distributions, so you must rely on our revenues from operations and other sources of funding for distributions. These sources may not be sufficient to meet these obligations.

 

We do not contribute funds on a regular basis to a separate account, commonly known as a sinking fund, to pay distributions on the Interests. Accordingly, you will have to rely on our cash from operations and other sources of liquidity, such as borrowed funds and proceeds from sale of the assets, for distribution payments. Our ability to generate revenues from operations in the future is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, statutory and other factors that are beyond our control. Moreover, we cannot assure you that we will have access to additional sources of liquidity if our cash from operations are not sufficient to fund distributions to you. Our need for such additional sources may come at undesirable times, such as during poor market or credit conditions when the costs of funds are high and/or other terms are not as favorable as they would be during good market or credit conditions. The cost of financing will directly impact our results of operations, and financing on less than favorable terms may hinder our ability to make a profit. Your right to receive distributions on your Interests is junior to the right of our general creditors to receive payments from us. If we do not have sufficient funds to meet our anticipated future operating expenditures and debt repayment obligations as they become due, then you could lose all or part of your investment. We currently do not have any revenues. 

 

 
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You will have limited control over changes in our policies and operations, which increases the uncertainty and risks you face as a Member.

 

Our Manager determines our major policies, including our policies regarding financing, growth and debt capitalization. Our Manager may amend or revise these and other policies without a vote of the Members. Our Manager’s broad discretion in setting policies and our Members’ inability to exert control over those policies increases the uncertainty and risks you face as a Member. In addition, our Manager may change our investment objectives without seeking Member approval.

 

Our ability to make distributions to our Members is subject to fluctuations in our financial performance, operating results and capital improvement requirements.

 

Currently, our strategy includes paying a preferred return to investors under this Offering that would result in a return of approximately 8.0% annualized return on investment, of which there is no guarantee. In the event of downturns in our operating results, unanticipated capital improvements to our properties, or other factors, we may be unable to declare or pay distributions to our Members. The timing and amount of distributions are the sole discretion of our Manager who will consider, among other factors, our financial performance, any debt service obligations, any debt covenants, our taxable income and capital expenditure requirements. We cannot assure you that we will generate sufficient cash in order to fund distributions. NOTE: THE COMPANY DOES NOT EXPECT TO COMMENCE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR UP TO THREE YEARS AFTER ITS INITIAL INVESTMENT IN PROPERTIES.

 

Investors will not receive the benefit of the regulations provided to real estate investment trusts or investment companies.

 

We are not a real estate investment trust and enjoy a broader range of permissible activities. Under the Investment Company Act of 1940, an “investment company” is defined as an issuer which is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities; is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of issuing face-amount certificates of the installment type, or has been engaged in such business and has any such certificate outstanding; or is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding, or trading in securities, and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40 per centum of the value of such issuer’s total assets (exclusive of Government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis.

 

We intend to operate in such manner as not to be classified as an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940 as we intend on primarily holding real estate. The management and the investment practices and policies of ours are not supervised or regulated by any federal or state authority. As a result, investors will be exposed to certain risks that would not be present if we were subjected to a more restrictive regulatory situation.

 

 
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If we are deemed to be an investment company, we may be required to institute burdensome compliance requirements and our activities may be restricted

 

If we are ever deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, we may be subject to certain restrictions including:

 

 

¨

restrictions on the nature of our investments; and

 

¨

restrictions on the issuance of securities.

  

In addition, we may have imposed upon us certain burdensome requirements, including:

 

 

¨

registration as an investment company;

 

¨

adoption of a specific form of corporate structure; and

 

¨

reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy, compliance policies and procedures and disclosure requirements and other rules and regulations.

 

The exemption from the Investment Company Act of 1940 may restrict our operating flexibility. Failure to maintain this exemption may adversely affect our profitability.

 

We do not believe that at any time we will be deemed an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as we do not intend on trading or selling securities. Rather, we intend to hold and manage real estate. However, if at any time we may be deemed an “investment company,” we believe we will be afforded an exemption under Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (referred to in this Offering as the “1940 Act”). Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the 1940 Act excludes from regulation as an “investment company” any entity that is primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring “mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate”. To qualify for this exemption, we must ensure our asset composition meets certain criteria. Generally, 55% of our assets must consist of qualifying mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate and the remaining 45% must consist of other qualifying real estate-type interests. Maintaining this exemption may adversely impact our ability to acquire or hold investments, to engage in future business activities that we believe could be profitable or could require us to dispose of investments that we might prefer to retain. If we are required to register as an “investment company” under the 1940 Act, then the additional expenses and operational requirements associated with such registration may materially and adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations in future periods.

 

 
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NOTICE REGARDING AGREEMENT TO ARBITRATE

 

THIS OFFERING MEMORANDUM REQUIRES THAT ALL INVESTORS ARBITRATE ANY DISPUTE, OTHER THAN THOSE CLAIMS UNDER FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS AND THE RULES AND REGULATIONS PROMULGATED THEREUNDER, ARISING OUT OF THEIR INVESTMENT IN THE COMPANY. ALL INVESTORS FURTHER AGREE THAT THE ARBITRATION WILL BE BINDING AND HELD IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE. EACH INVESTOR ALSO AGREES TO WAIVE ANY RIGHTS TO A JURY TRIAL. OUT OF STATE ARBITRATION MAY FORCE AN INVESTOR TO ACCEPT A LESS FAVORABLE SETTLEMENT FOR DISPUTES. OUT OF STATE ARBITRATION MAY ALSO COST AN INVESTOR MORE TO ARBITRATE A SETTLEMENT OF A DISPUTE.

 

ADDITIONAL RISK FACTOR ARBITRATION:

 

The Operating Agreement contains a mandatory dispute resolution process which may limit the rights of investors to some legal remedies and forums otherwise available. This Agreement contains a provision which requires that all claims arising from Member's investment in the Company be resolved through arbitration.

 

For Members’ information:

 

(a) Arbitration is final and binding on the parties;

(b) The parties are waiving their right to seek remedies in court, including the right to jury trial;

(c) Pre-arbitration discovery is generally more limited than and potentially different in form and scope from court proceedings.

(d) The Arbitration Award is not required to include factual findings or legal reasoning and any party's right to appeal or to seek modification of a ruling by the arbitrators is strictly limited;

(e) The panel of arbitrators may include a minority of persons engaged in the securities industry. Such arbitration provision limits the rights of an investor to some legal remedies and rights otherwise available.

 

The dispute resolution process provisions do not apply to claims under the federal securities laws. By agreeing to the dispute resolution process, including mandatory arbitration, investors will not be deemed to have waived the company’s compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

 

Insurance Risks

 

We may suffer significant losses that are not covered by insurance.

 

The geographic areas in which we invest in properties may be at risk for damage to property due to certain weather-related and environmental events, including such things as severe thunderstorms, flooding, sinkholes, and hurricanes. To the extent possible, the Manager may but is not required to attempt to acquire insurance against some of these risks. However, such insurance may not be available (or may only be available at cost-prohibitive costs) in all areas, nor are all hazards insurable as some may be deemed acts of God or be subject to other policy exclusions.

 

 
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Furthermore, an insurance company may deny coverage for certain claims, and/or determine that the value of the claim is less than the cost to restore the property, and a lawsuit could have to be initiated to force them to provide coverage, resulting in further losses in income to the Company. Additionally, properties may now contain or come to contain mold, which may not be covered by insurance and has been linked to health issues.

 

Federal Income Tax Risks

 

The Internal Revenue Service may challenge our characterization of material tax aspects of your investment in the Interests.

 

An investment in Interests involves material income tax risks which are discussed in detail in the section of this offering entitled “TAX TREATMENT OF COMPANY AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES” starting on page 31. You are urged to consult with your own tax advisor with respect to the federal, state, local and foreign tax considerations of an investment in our Interests. We may or may not seek any rulings from the Internal Revenue Service regarding any of the tax issues discussed herein. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the tax conclusions discussed in this offering, if contested, would be sustained by the IRS or any court. In addition, our legal counsel is unable to form an opinion as to the probable outcome of the contest of certain material tax aspects of the transactions described in this offering, including whether we will be characterized as a “dealer” so that sales of our assets would give rise to ordinary income rather than capital gain. Our counsel also gives no opinion as to the tax considerations to you of tax issues that have an impact at the individual or partner level.

 

You may realize taxable income without cash distributions, and you may have to use funds from other sources to fund tax liabilities.

 

As a Member of the Company, you will be required to report your allocable share of the Company’s taxable income on your personal income tax return regardless of whether you have received any cash distributions from us. It is possible that your Interests will be allocated taxable income in excess of your cash distributions. We cannot assure you that cash flow will be available for distribution in any year. As a result, you may have to use funds from other sources to pay your tax liability.

 

 
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You may not be able to benefit from any tax losses that are allocated to your Interests.

 

Interests may be allocated their share of tax losses should any arise. Section 469 of the Internal Revenue Code limits the allowance of deductions for losses attributable to passive activities, which are defined generally as activities in which the taxpayer does not materially participate. Any tax losses allocated to investors will be characterized as passive losses, and, accordingly, the deductibility of such losses will be subject to these limitations. Losses from passive activities are generally deductible only to the extent of a taxpayer’s income or gains from passive activities and will not be allowed as an offset against other income, including salary or other compensation for personal services, active business income or “portfolio income”, which includes non-business income derived from dividends, interest, royalties, annuities and gains from the sale of property held for investment. Accordingly, you may receive no benefit from your share of tax losses unless you are concurrently being allocated passive income from other sources.

 

We may be audited which could subject you to additional tax, interest and penalties.

 

Our federal income tax returns may be audited by the Internal Revenue Service. Any audit of the Company could result in an audit of your tax return. The results of any such audit may require adjustments of items unrelated to your investment, in addition to adjustments to various Company items. In the event of any such audit or adjustments, you might incur attorneys’ fees, court costs and other expenses in contesting deficiencies asserted by the Internal Revenue Service. You may also be liable for interest on any underpayment and penalties from the date your tax was originally due. The tax treatment of all Company items will generally be determined at the Company level in a single proceeding rather than in separate proceedings with each Member, and our Manager is primarily responsible for contesting federal income tax adjustments proposed by the Internal Revenue Service. In such a contest, our Manger may choose to extend the statute of limitations as to all Members and, in certain circumstances, may bind the Members to a settlement with the Internal Revenue Service. Adjustments to Company items would continue to be determined at the Company level however, and any such adjustments would be accounted for in the year they take effect, rather than in the year to which such adjustments relate. Our Manager will have the discretion in such circumstances either to pass along any such adjustments to the Members or to bear such adjustments at the Company level.

  

State and local taxes and a requirement to withhold state taxes may apply, and if so, the amount of net cash from open payable to you would be reduced.

 

The state in which you reside may impose an income tax upon your share of our taxable income. Further, states in which we will own properties may impose income taxes upon your share of our taxable income allocable to any Company property located in that state. Many states have implemented or are implementing programs to require companies to withhold and pay state income taxes owed by non-resident Members relating to income-producing properties located in their states, and we may be required to withhold state taxes from cash distributions otherwise payable to you. You may also be required to file income tax returns in some states and report your share of income attributable to ownership and operation by the Company of properties in those states. In the event we are required to withhold state taxes from your cash distributions, the amount of the net cash from operations otherwise payable to you would be reduced. In addition, such collection and filing requirements at the state level may result in increases in our administrative expenses that would have the effect of reducing cash available for distribution to you. You are urged to consult with your own tax advisors with respect to the impact of applicable state and local taxes and state tax withholding requirements on an investment in our Interests.

 

 
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Legislative or regulatory action could adversely affect investors.

 

In recent years, numerous legislative, judicial and administrative changes have been made in the provisions of the federal income tax laws applicable to investments similar to an investment in our Interests. Additional changes to the tax laws are likely to continue to occur, and we cannot assure you that any such changes will not adversely affect your taxation as a Member. Any such changes could have an adverse effect on an investment in our Interests or on the market value or the resale potential of our properties. You are urged to consult with your own tax advisor with respect to the impact of recent legislation on your investment in Interests and the status of legislative, regulatory or administrative developments and proposals and their potential effect on an investment in our Interests.

 

DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE

 

Our Offering Price is arbitrary with no relation to value of the company. This Offering is a self-underwritten offering, which means that it does not involve the participation of an underwriter to market, distribute or sell the Class A Interests offered under this offering.

 

If the maximum amount of Class A Interests are sold under this Offering, the purchasers under this Offering will own 100% of the Class A Interests outstanding.

 

If the minimum amount of Class A Interests are sold under this Offering, the purchasers under this Offering will own 100% of the Class A Interests outstanding.

 

If some amount of Class A Interests are sold under this Offering, between the above maximum and minimum amount of this Offering, the purchasers under this Offering will own 100% of the Class A Interests.

 

 
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

This Offering shall remain open for one year following the Qualification Date of this Offering unless earlier terminated by the Manager in its sole and absolute discretion, provide that the Manager may extend the Offering an additional six-month period so long as it is compliant with the qualification requirements of the Commission.

 

The Class A Interests (Interests) are self-underwritten and are being offered and sold by the Company on a minimum/maximum basis. No compensation will be paid to any principal, the Manager, or any affiliated company or party with respect to the sale of the Class A Interests. This means that no compensation will be paid with respect to the sale of the Class A Interests to Mr. Garland or affiliated companies. We are relying on Rule 3a4-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Associated Persons of an Issuer Deemed not to be Brokers. The applicable portions of the rule state that associated persons (including companies) of an issuer shall not be deemed brokers if they a) perform substantial duties at the end of the offering for the issuer; b) are not broker dealers; and c) do not participate in selling securities more than once every 12 months, except for any of the following activities: i) preparing written communication, but no oral solicitation; or ii) responding to inquiries provided that the content is contained in the applicable registration statement; or iii) performing clerical work in effecting any transaction. Neither the Company, its Manager, nor any affiliates conduct any activities that fall outside of Rule 3a4-1 and are therefore not brokers nor are they dealers. All subscription funds which are accepted will be deposited directly into the Company’s account. This account is not held by an escrow agent. Subscription funds placed in the segregate; Company account may only be released if the Minimum Offering Amount is raised within the Offering Period. The purchase price for the Class A Interests is $1,000 per Interest, with a minimum purchase of (20) twenty Interests. The Company will raise a minimum of $500,000 prior to funds being released to the Company. If the Company does not raise the Offering Amount within the Offering Period, all proceeds raised to that point will be promptly returned to subscribers of Class A Interests pro-rata, with interest, if any. Subscription Agreements are irrevocable.

 

The Company plans use the Manager’s current network of real estate investors to solicit investments as well as various forms of advertisement. The Company, subject to Rule 255 of the Securities Act of 1933 and corresponding state regulations, is permitted to generally solicit investors by using advertising mediums, such as print, radio, TV, and the Internet. We will offer the securities as permitted by Rule 251 (d)(1)(iii) whereby offers may be made after this Offering has been qualified, but any written offers must be accompanied with or preceded by the most recent offering circular filed with the Commission for the Offering. The Company plans to solicit investors using the Internet through a variety of existing internet advertising mechanisms, such as search based advertising, search engine optimization, and the Company website at www.paradymeequitiesparadyemequities.com

 

Please note that the Company will not communicate any information to prospective investors except as may be permitted under applicable securities laws without providing access to the Offering. The Offering may be delivered through the website that is in the process of being developed, through email, or by hard paper copy.

 

However, received or communicated, all of our communications will be Rule 255 compliant and not amount to a free writing prospectus. We will not orally solicit investors and no sales will be made prior to this offering statement being declared qualified and a final Offering is available.

 

 
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Investments will be processed on a first come, first served basis, up to the Offering Amount of $50,000,000.

 

The minimum accepted from any Subscriber is $20,000. Subscription funds may remain in the Company’s segregated account up until such time of a purchase of real estate asset or the repayment of a note payable to an affiliate of the Manager in which the proceeds were used to purchase a real estate asset or pay the Company’s expenses.

 

The Offering Period will commence upon the Offering Statement being declared qualified.

  

No sale will be made to a prospective investor if the aggregate purchase price payable is more than 10% of the greater of the prospective investor’s annual income or net worth. Different rules apply to accredited investors and non-natural persons.

 

Periodically, the Manager will report to the Members and will supplement this Offering with material and/or fundamental changes to our operations. We will also provide updated financial statements to all Members and prospective Members.

 

In compliance with Rule 253(e) of Regulation A, the Manager shall revise this Offering Statement during the course of the Offering whenever information herein has become false or misleading in light of existing circumstances, material developments have occurred, or there has been a fundamental change in the information initially presented. Such updates will not only correct such misleading information but shall also provide update financial statements and shall be filed as an exhibit to the Offering Statement and be requalified under Rule 252.

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

The net proceeds to us from the sale of up to 50,000 Class A Interests offered at an offering price of $1,000 per Unit will vary depending upon the total number of Class A Interests sold. Regardless of the number of Class A Interests sold, we expect to incur Offering expenses estimated at approximately $60,000 for legal, accounting, and other costs in connection with this offering. The table below shows the intended net proceeds from this offering, indicating scenarios where we sell various amounts of the Class A Interests. There is no guarantee that we will be successful at selling any of the securities being offered in this Offering. Accordingly, the actual amount of proceeds we will raise in this offering, if any, may differ.

 

 
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The offering scenarios presented below are for illustrative purposes only and the actual amounts of proceeds, if any, may differ.

 

 

 

 

10%

 

 

25%

 

 

50%

 

 

75%

 

 

100%

Units Sold

 

 

5,000

 

 

 

12,500

 

 

 

25,000

 

 

 

37,500

 

 

 

50,000

 

Gross Proceeds

 

$5,000,000

 

 

$12,500,000

 

 

$25,000,000

 

 

$37,500,000

 

 

$50,000,000

 

Offering Expenses1

 

$60,000

 

 

$60,000

 

 

$60,000

 

 

$60,000

 

 

$60,000

 

Selling Commissions & Fees2

 

$62,500

 

 

$156,250

 

 

$312,500

 

 

$478,750

 

 

$625,000

 

Net Proceeds

 

$4,877,500

 

 

$12,283,750

 

 

$24,627,500

 

 

$36,961,250

 

 

$49,315,000

 

Property Acquisitions and related acquisition costs3

 

$4,552,500

 

 

$11,558,750

 

 

$23,377,500

 

 

$35,361,250

 

 

$47,215,000

 

Management Fee4

 

$25,000

 

 

$250,000

 

 

$500,000

 

 

$750,000

 

 

$1,000,000

 

Working Capital5

 

$275,000

 

 

$450,000

 

 

$700,000

 

 

$800,000

 

 

$1,000,000

 

Legal and Accounting6

 

$25,000

 

 

$25,000

 

 

$50,000

 

 

$50,000

 

 

$100,000

 

Total Use of Proceeds

 

$5,000,000

 

 

$12,500,000

 

 

$25,000,000

 

 

$37,500,000

 

 

$50,000,000

 

______

(1)

These costs assume the costs related to completing this Form 1-A as well as those costs related to the services of a transfer agent, listing fees, our interim financial statements, and our legal costs ($60,000). It is the intent of Manager to provide $50,000 of these offering expenses in exchange for “Class B Interests,” those subordinated to the Preferred Return, in the Company. Those holding Class B Interests may be referred to as “Class B Members.”

 

(2)

The Company does not currently have an agreement for paying selling commissions or fees. In the event that the Company enters into an agreement with a licensed broker-dealer, it is anticipated that we will pay 1.25% of the total Gross Proceeds as a sales commission for the sale of Units and a 40 basis points annual trail fee.

 

 

(3)

We plan to purchase Properties and enter into joint venture agreements with developers with the proceeds from this Offering. It is the intent of the Manager that no single investment will exceed 15% of the assets of the Company and total exposure to a single sponsor or joint venture partner will not exceed 20% once the fund has sold Interests of over $5,000,000. As the Company grows these limits will be revised downward to a targeted range of 10% and 15%, respectively once the fund reaches Class A Interests of over $25,000,000 sold. The target diversity level is to have the average loan represent under 3.5% of the total assets of the Company once the fund reaches Class A Interests of over $25,000,000 sold. We may lend as much as 20%, or $10,000,000, of our assets to any particular borrower relationship or 15%, or $7,500,000 secured by any particular property if we are successful in raising 100% of its Offering amount or $50,000,000.

 

 

(4)

Payment to our Manager as a fee for services related to management of the Company, acquisition of properties and entry into joint venture agreements, management of the projects going forward, and other services as needed. This fee is calculated as two percent (2%) of the total capitalization of the Company. It is paid as capital is deployed or expenses are paid.

 

 

(5)

Costs associated with our web development, marketing and working capital for the next 12 months. Once approximately 500 units are sold, this working capital account will primarily be used as liquidity for fund operations and Member preferred distributions.

 

 

(6)

Costs for accounting and legal fees associated with being a public company for the next 12 months.

 

 
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The Use of Proceeds sets forth how we intend to use the funds under the various percentages of the related offering. All amounts listed are estimates.

 

The net proceeds will be used for ongoing legal and accounting professional fees (estimated to be between $65,000 and $75,000 depending on our money raise and acquisitions for the next 12 months), working capital for the creation of a investor portal for the next 12 months, and for the costs associated with acquiring properties, such as broker price opinions, closing costs, title reports, recording fees, accounting costs and legal fees. We determined estimates for ongoing professional fees based upon consultations with our accountants and lawyers, and operating expenses and due diligence costs based upon the Manager’s real estate industry experience.

 

As of May 31, 2019, the Manager has incurred $51,200 to the Company for offering expenses and the balance will be paid by the Manager regardless of the number of Interests sold. Our Offering expenses are comprised of legal and accounting expenses, SEC and EDGAR filing fees, printing and transfer agent fees. Our Manager will not receive any compensation for their efforts in selling our Class A Interests.

 

The Manager will pay the offering expenses of $50,000 regardless of the amount of Class A Interests we sell and will only be reimbursed if the Company raises a minimum of $1,000,000. If we sell at least 1,000 Class A Interests, we believe that we will have sufficient funds to continue our filing obligations as a reporting company for the next 12 months. We intend to use the proceeds of this offering in the manner and in order of priority set forth above. We do not intend to use the proceeds to acquire the assets of or finance the acquisition of other businesses. At present, no material changes are contemplated. Should there be any material changes in the projected use of proceeds in connection with this Offering, we will issue an amended Offering reflecting the new uses.

 

In all instances, after the qualification of this Form 1-A, the Company will need some amount of working capital to maintain its general existence and comply with its reporting obligations. In addition to changing allocations because of the amount of proceeds received, we may change the use of proceeds because of required changes in our business plan. Investors should understand that we have wide discretion over the use of proceeds. Therefore, management decisions may not be in line with the initial objectives of investors who will have little ability to influence these decisions.

 

 
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SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

The following summary financial data should be read in conjunction with “MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION and the Financial Statements and Notes thereto, included elsewhere in this Offering. The statement of operations and balance sheet data from inception through the period ended December 31, 2018 are derived from our audited financial statements.

 

 

 

At

December 31,

2017

 

 

At

December 31,

2018

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL ASSETS

 

$30,000

 

 

$30,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities

 

 

30,000

 

 

 

30,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES

 

 

30,000

 

 

 

30,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL MEMBERS’ EQUITY

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY

 

$30,000

 

 

$30,000

 

  

 

 

Inception (May 2017) to

December 31,

2018

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

$0

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses

 

$0

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Income (Loss)

 

$(0)

 

 
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Offering Circular.

 

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

 

With the exception of historical matters, the matters discussed herein are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning anticipated trends in revenues and net income, projections concerning operations and available cash flow. Our actual results could differ materially from the results discussed in such forward-looking statements. The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein.

 

Background Overview

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC was formed in the State of California on May 16, 2017. We have no plans to change our business activities or to combine with another business, and we are not aware of any events or circumstances that might cause our plans to change. The Manager of the Company do not have any plans or arrangements to enter into a change of control, business combination or similar transaction or to change management.

 

The Company’s overall strategy is to purchase multifamily and commercial property in the states listed prior which is all over the United States initially but will not limit itself geographically. The Company intends on purchasing income producing real estate and will vary across multiple classes such as multifamily, retail properties, self-storage facilities, office buildings, warehouse and industrial properties and mixed-use and hotel properties. The Company will attempt to achieve an overall Company positive internal rate of return, net of expenses.

 

The Company will be owned by the Manager and Members and will have a Membership which may include, but is not limited to: individuals, individual retirement accounts, entities, trusts, banks and other financial institutions, endowments, and pension funds.

 

 
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We are currently have properties to acquire or facilitate a Joint Venture with a highly qualified sponsor. and hope to acquire a property immediately after raising the Minimum Offering amount. We expect that we will be finished with the process of qualification by the middle of the summer and commence our fundraising by July 2019. Thereafter, we will aggressively search for properties. Acquisitions will depend highly the availability of properties that meet or investment criteria. As we search for properties, we intend to expend capital in accordance with our Use of Proceeds. If we raise the minimum amount of $500,000, we will incur expenses related with the operation of the Company and the continuing expenses related to being a reporting company under the requirements of Tier 2, Regulation A. To finish this Form 1-A, we believe we will need a minimum of $80,000. Depending on how much capital we raise, will depend on how much capital we will need for working capital, marketing expenses and professional fees. Our Manager believes that if we only raise the minimum amount, very little will be needed for working capital. However, the more money is raised, the more resources will be needed to in order to run the Company effectively and thus more working capital will be needed. Our Manager is committed to providing the $50,000 for the completion of this Form 1-A, unless we are able to raise a minimal amount through this Offering. When the Manager provides such capital, it will most likely be in the form of purchasing Interests in the Company. Such terms and conditions have not yet been agreed to.

 

The Company’s potential diverse pool of secured real estate investments will offer its Members the opportunity to earn a preferred annualized 8.0% return depending upon the Capital Contribution made and the time it takes for the Member to execute the Subscription Agreement and invest funds. The Manager, Paradyme Funding, Inc., will exclusively manage the Company. NOTE: THE COMPANY DOES NOT EXPECT TO COMMENCE DISTRIBUTIONS FOR UP TO THREE YEARS AFTER ITS INITIAL INVESTMENT IN PROPERTIES.

 

Results of Operations

 

For the periods ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017

 

We generated no revenues for the years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. We do not have any current activities. We have generated expenses of $0 from inception (May 2017) to December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. This has resulted in a loss of $0 from inception (May, 2017) to December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

 

 
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Total expenses

 

From inception (May, 2017) to December 31, 2018, we have generated $0 expenses.

 

Net loss

 

For the years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 we have generated a net loss of $0.

 

Assets

 

We currently have no assets other than $30,000 in capitalized start-up costs and cash.

 

Liabilities

 

We currently have no liabilities.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had $30,000 in assets and total liabilities of $30,000. Of this, $5,000 is cash. As of December 31, 2018, the Company has incurred total expenses since inception (May, 2017) of $0. The Company hopes to raise $50,000,000 in this Offering with a minimum of $500,000 in funds raised. If we are successful at raising the minimum amount of this Offering, we believe that such funds will be sufficient to fund our expenses over the next twelve months, which we currently estimate to be $60,000. Upon the qualification of the Form 1-A, the Company plans to pursue its investment strategy of performing note acquisition. There can be no assurance that additional capital will be available to the Company. If the Company is unable to raise additional capital, the Company’s investment objective of acquiring performing notes will be adversely affected. The Company currently has no agreements, arrangements or understandings with any person to obtain funds through bank loans, lines of credit or any other sources. Since the Company has no such arrangements or plans currently in effect, its inability to raise funds for the above purposes will have a severe negative impact on its ability to remain a viable company.

  

Related Party Transactions

 

Since our formation, we have raised $30,000 from our Manager. The Manager has advanced cash for Company startup expenses of which, $25,000 has already been utilized for legal and accounting costs. The affiliate company that lent the money for these expenses has agreed not to charge the Company interest for this loan.

 

 
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Going Concern Consideration

 

Our independent auditors included an explanatory paragraph in their report on the accompanying financial statements regarding concerns about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our financial statements contain additional note disclosures describing the circumstances that lead to this disclosure by our independent auditors.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We anticipate utilizing the Lender for supply of performing mortgage notes and loan servicing. We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

 

Changes In And Disagreements With Accountants On Accounting And Financial Disclosure

 

None.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies. We have elected to take advantage of this extended transition period, and thus, our financial statements may not be comparable to those of other reporting companies. Accordingly, until the date we are no longer an “emerging growth company” or affirmatively opt out of the exemption, upon the issuance of a new or revised accounting standard that applies to our financial statements and has a different effective date for public and private companies, we will disclose the date on which adoption is required for non-emerging growth companies and the date on which we will adopt the recently issued accounting standard.

  

Employees

 

Our Manager is Paradyme Equities, will be assigning the management responsibilities to an affiliate Paradyme Funding, Inc. (PFI). PFI has of one (1) principal and five (5) employees. Currently, Ryan Garland is the principal of our Manager and CREA and devotes a significant portion of his working hours to our Company without a salary. For more information on our personnel, please see "MANAGER, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS." Initially Mr. Garland will coordinate all of our business operations. Paradyme Equities, LLC or its affiliate PFI has provided the working capital to cover our initial expenses. We plan to use consultants, attorneys, accountants, and other personnel, as necessary. We believe the use of non-salaried personnel allows us to expend our capital resources as a variable cost as opposed to a fixed cost of operations. In other words, if we have insufficient revenues or cash available, we are in a better position to only utilize those services required to generate revenues as opposed to having salaried employees. Any expenses related to the Offering will be charged to the Company. For example, any costs associated with raising capital such as escrow, transfer, marketing, audit, legal, and technology fees will be borne by the Company. However, those costs associated with overall management of the Company and the management and acquisition of the properties shall be borne by the Manager except those capitalized expenses related to specific properties.

 

 
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Our Manager is spending the time allocated to our business in handling the general business affairs of our Company such as legal, tax, and accounting issues, including review of materials presented to our auditors, working with our counsel in preparation of filing our Form 1-A, developing our business plan and researching investment opportunities and possible multifamily property and commercial real estate acquisitions. Upon qualification and successful capital raise, the principal and employees of CREA will devote additional working hours to Paradyme Equities, LLC.

 

INVESTMENT POLICIES OF COMPANY

 

In all types of investment, our policies may be changed by our Manager without a vote by Members.

 Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Nevada, Tennessee, and Texas with a particular concentration in California, .

We are highly diversified in our real estate experience, therefore, our portfolio will consist of multiple assets spread out over all Real Estate Commercial & Residential properties. We expect 100% of our portfolio will consist of real estate properties.

 

We intend to evaluate each property in the following manner:

 

 

1.

Obtain property information on its condition, estimated costs for rehabilitation, Construction, and feasibility of the area.

 

2.

Using third party sources and evaluation factors.

 

3.

Obtain similar available information of comparable properties in the area including recent sales prices; analyzing rental values, vacancy rates and operating expenses; review crime statistics for the area; review school information; review economic data; review any other relevant market information; and

 

4.

Using the above information, perform analysis with hypothetical scenarios to determine expected profit.

 

5.

Due to the expected size of the properties we intend to acquire, we expect that more than 25% of Company assets will be invested into a single real estate asset upon full capitalization of the Company.

  

 
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Further, potential investors should be advised:

 

 

a)

We do not intend to issue senior securities.

 

b)

We will borrow money collateralized by our properties with up to an 80% value of our real estate assets.

 

c)

We have no intention of initiating personal loans to other persons.

 

d)

We have no intention of investing in the securities of other issuers for the purpose of exercising control.

 

e)

We have no intention to underwrite securities of other issuers.

 

f)

We may engage in the purchase and sale (or turnover) of investments that are not real estate related at some time in the future.

 

g)

We may offer our securities in exchange for property.

 

h)

We may acquire other securities of other funds so long as those funds are real estate related.

 

i)

We intend to make annual or other reports to security holders including 1-Ks, 1-SAs, 1-Us, and exit reports on Form 1-Z as deemed necessary. Such reports will include the required financial statements.

 

As market conditions change, our policies for both investments and borrowing will be evaluated and updated as necessary to safeguard Member equity and increase Member returns. We will update our Members via 1-Us within a few business days, 1-SAs semi-annually, and other Member reports if there are any changes in our investment policy or our borrowing policies.

 

POLICIES WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS

 

Our policy with respect to our Manager concerning certain transactions is as follows:

 

We do not intend on issuing senior securities but may at some time in the future. We have no interest, currently, in underwriting securities of others or purchasing securities or assets other than real property assets and securities. We may encumber our properties that we acquire with bank financing but we intend that such financing will generally not exceed 80% of the value of the property.

 

Conflicts of Interest

 

Our Manager and its affiliates experience conflicts of interest in connection with the management of our business. Some of the material conflicts that our Manager and its affiliates face include the following:

 

 

 

1.

Our Manager manages other investment opportunities and funds outside of the Company including those that have similar investment objectives as the Company.

 

2.

The Manager will most likely enlist the services of a third-party in order to manage our assets. The negotiation for the compensation for that third-party will be at market rates.

 

3.

The terms of our operating agreement (including the Manager’s rights and obligations and the compensation payable to our Manager and its affiliates) were not negotiated at arm’s length.

 

4.

Our Members may only remove our Manager for “cause” following the affirmative vote of Members holding 75% of the Class A interests. Unsatisfactory financial performance does not constitute “cause” under the operating agreement.

 

 
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Allocation of Investment Opportunities

 

We rely on our Manager’s members who act on behalf of our Manager to:

 

 

1.

Identify suitable investments. Our other funds and entities also rely on these same key real estate professionals. Our Manager has in the past, and expects to continue in the future, to offer other investment opportunities including offerings that acquire or invest in multifamily real estate, commercial real estate or real estate equity investments, and other select real estate related assets.

 

2.

These additional programs may have investment criteria that compete with us. If a sale, financing, investment or other business opportunity would be suitable for more than one program, our Manager will allocate it using its business judgment. Any allocation of this type may involve the consideration of a number of factors that our Manager determines to be relevant. The factors that our Manager’s real estate professionals could consider when determining the entity for which an investment opportunity would be the most suitable include the following:

 

 

¨

the investment objectives and criteria of our Manager and other entities;

 

¨

the cash requirements of our Manager and other entities;

 

¨

the effect of the investment on the diversification of our Manager’s and other entities’ portfolio by type of investment, and risk of investment;

 

¨

the policy of our Manager and other entities relating to leverage;

 

¨

the anticipated cash flow of the asset to be acquired;

 

¨

the income tax effects of the purchase on our Manager or the other entities;

 

¨

the size of the investment; and

 

¨

the amount of funds available to our Manager or the other entities.

 

 

3.

If a subsequent event or development causes any investment, in the opinion of our Manager’s real estate professionals, to be more appropriate for another entity, they may offer the investment to such entity.

 

4.

Except under any policies that may be adopted by our Manager, which policies are designed to minimize conflicts among the programs and other investment opportunities, no program has any duty, responsibility or obligation to refrain from:

 

 

¨

engaging in the same or similar activities or lines of business as any program;

 

¨

doing business with any potential or actual tenant, lender, purchaser, supplier, customer or competitor of any program;

 

¨

engaging in, or refraining from, any other activities whatsoever relating to any of the potential or actual tenants, lenders, purchasers, suppliers or customers of any program;

 

¨

establishing material commercial relationships with another program; or

 

¨

making operational and financial decisions that could be considered to be detrimental to another program.

 

 
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In addition, any decisions by our Manager to renew, extend, modify or terminate an agreement or arrangement, or enter into similar agreements or arrangements in the future, may benefit one program more than another or limit or impair the ability of any program to pursue business opportunities. In addition, third parties may require as a condition to their arrangements or agreements with or related to any one particular program that such arrangements or agreements include or not include another program, as the case may be. Any of these decisions may benefit one program more than another.

  

Receipt of Fees and Other Compensation by our Manager and its Affiliates

 

Our Manager and its affiliates will receive substantial fees from us, which fees will not be negotiated at arm’s length. These fees could influence our Manager’s advice to us as well as the judgment of affiliates of our Manager. Among other matters, these compensation arrangements could affect their judgment with respect to:

 

 

¨

the continuation, renewal or enforcement of provisions in our operating agreement involving our Manager and its affiliates;

 

¨

public offerings of equity by us, which will likely entitle our Manager to increased acquisition fees, asset management fees and other fees;

 

¨

acquisitions of investments at higher purchase prices, which entitle our Manager to higher acquisition fees and asset management fees regardless of the quality or performance of the investment and, in the case of acquisitions of investments from other entities, might entitle affiliates of our Manager to disposition fees in connection with services for the seller;

 

¨

borrowings up to or in excess of our stated borrowing policy to acquire, which borrowings will increase asset management fees payable by us to our Manager;

 

¨

whether and when we seek to sell our Company or its assets; and

 

¨

whether and when we merge or consolidate our assets with other companies, including companies affiliated with our Manager.

 

No Independent Underwriter

 

As we are conducting this offering without the aid of an independent underwriter, you will not have the benefit of an independent due diligence review and investigation of the type normally performed by an independent underwriter in connection with the offering of securities. See “Plan of Distribution.”

 

 
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DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

 

We currently do not have any real properties. We do not lease or own any real property. Our website may be found at www.paradymeequities.com. We do not pay rent for our corporate headquarters which is leased by an affiliate of the Manager. We believe that this space will be sufficient for the long term.

 

OVERVIEW

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC is an emerging growth company which was formed on May 16, 2017. We have commenced only limited operations, exclusively focused on organizational matters in connection with this offering. We intend on generating revenues or sale for profit along with rents to tenants for multifamily, and, in certain circumstances, office, self-storage, warehouse and industrial properties. The Company intends on identifying appropriate joint venture partners to locate and develop properties.

 

We have no plans to change our business activities or to combine with another business, and we are not aware of any events or circumstances that might cause our plans to change. The Company does not have any plans or arrangements to enter into a change of control, business combination or similar transaction or to change management.

 

We are offering the Interests herein on a “minimum/maximum” basis. The Company will raise a minimum of $500,000 prior to using proceeds from this Offering to acquire properties in the United States with a specific focus on markets in the states Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Nevada, Tennessee, and Texas with a particular concentration in California. We expect to use the net proceeds from this Offering to pay for our operating costs in connection with this Offering, including marketing costs and on-going legal and accounting fees, and to finance costs associated with acquiring properties, such as broker price opinions, title reports, recording fees, accounting costs and legal fees.

 

Special Purpose Entities

 

Throughout the Offering Circular, in reference to “acquisitions,” the Company intends to acquire interests in “special purpose entities,” also known as “SPEs.” The SPEs will hold title to property acquisitions. The Company, in turn, will invest in the SPE.

 

Objectives

 

The Company has definite objectives to fulfill its strategy. These include:

 

 

¨

Penetrate the market of providing real estate opportunities for qualified individuals and/or business entities interested in achieving financial success by taking advantage of real estate investment opportunities across the United States (however, the Company will not limit itself geographically); and

 

¨

Increasing profits as allowed by market conditions.

 

 
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The Company will look to buy and build multifamily, Single Family, Hotels, Commercial Retail, Commercial Mixed Use, Land Acquisition and be diversified in all asset classes within the Real Estate. The growth areas for the best possible price, thereby giving the Company an instant competitive advantage. A potential investor should note that the above criteria is subject to change according to market conditions.

 

Type of Investment

Equity

Preferred Return Straight Interest

8% (Eight Percent)

Projected IRR

15-25%

Leverage

80%

Profit Participation Class A

30%

Minimum Investment

Minimal to be $20,000

   

Investment Strategy

 

The Company is seeking to invest in a diversified portfolio of income producing real estate assets and real estate related assets throughout the United States, but specifically in California.. Initially, the Company intends to target a variety of property types that meet its investment objectives.

 

The Company may purchase properties or make other real estate investments in property types including multifamily, hotel office, retail and industrial properties. It is expected that the proceeds from this Offering will initially be used to purchase all Real Estate assets but also Joint Venture with qualified sponsors.

 

We believe that there is an opportunity to create attractive total returns by employing a strategy of investing in a portfolio of such investments which are well-selected, well-managed and disposed of at an optimal time. Our principal targeted assets are investments in properties if compelling opportunities arise that present superior opportunities for above-market returns, that have quality construction and desirable locations which can attract quality tenants. These types of investments are, or relate to, properties generally located in central business districts or suburban markets of primary and secondary metropolitan cities, primarily located in California, but also Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Nevada, Tennessee, and Texas.

 

To this end, the Company’s overall strategy is to:

 

 

1)

Identify viable real estate transactions in communities/quality locations in the Company’s target markets, where the Company can add significant value through third-party hands-on management and/or appreciation potential;

 

2)

Buy those communities at below-market prices, or at market prices where there is sufficient upside potential to obtain above-market returns over the long term;

 

3)

Make physical alterations and other improvements to those communities, where the Company can achieve significant benefit with minimal capital outlay; and

 

4)

Through third-party management, increase the rents to increase the overall value of the property.

 

 
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Due Diligence & Financing

 

When the Company identifies a location or a potential property, it will secure the necessary financing, sign a contract and place an escrow deposit to be held with the designated escrow agent. The Company will take the time necessary to complete all its due diligence to the property including: site inspection, reviewing all leases, income and expenses, as well as securing a first mortgage on the property. After the due diligence process has been completed, the Company will determine whether the property is suitable or not.

 

If property is not suitable, the Company will cancel the contract and look for the next opportunity.

  

Refinancing

 

During the initial 12-60 months of owning and managing the property, the Company will analyze the market conditions in the area where the project is located. Simultaneously, we will investigate current interest rates. The Company will then decide whether the property should be maintained, refinanced, restructured (i.e. condominium conversion), or sold (disposition).

 

Acquisition of Properties

 

The Company intends to locate appropriate sponsors in key markets to joint venture with as a means of acquiring properties located throughout the United States. Specifically, the Manager will search for a variety of multifamily and commercial properties in Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Nevada, Tennessee, and Texas.

 

The Company intends to employ a rigorous underwriting process including proper due diligence, market valuation studies, and total return analyses. The Company plans to primarily invest in properties with strong cash flow, which are stable with opportunities to immediately improve property value post acquisition. The Company intends to also work to improve the net operating income of each investment by improving revenue and operating margins, thereby raising property value.

 

The properties that the Manager intends to invest will most likely not immediately cash flow and will not see a return on investment for several years. For example, the Company does not intend on paying accrued returns for approximately three years after it commences investing activities. The Company intends on investing in properties that require ground up construction in many cases, and thus, will need time in order to stabilized.

 

 
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Identifying Properties for Purchase

 

The Manager will use its extensive network and highly specialized criteria for identifying, quantifying and qualifying investment opportunities.

 

The Manager intends to saturate its extensive relationships and network in each identified market to identify the very best opportunities. The Manager has established and maintained a comprehensive network of developers, banks, brokers, and other financial institutions which allow a strong market presence in target markets and robust market intelligence, strengthening our ability to identify properties within the Company’s criteria, often before entering into a market. This local knowledge and network of professional with deep knowledge of our target asset classes, we feel, gives the Company a competitive and strategic advantage.

 

The Managers goal is to identify the right property in the right market and potentially acquire it before it even hits the general market.

 

Post-Purchase Strategies

 

The Manager intends that the properties will be held for the duration of the Company until the property is refinanced or sold. The Company intends to operate for six (6) years.

 

The Company intends to hold properties with the intention of increasing values prior to sale of the property. The Company intends to use third-party management to cure inefficiencies in the management, cure deferred maintenance, and deploy strategic capital upgrades aimed increasing income and enhancing investor returns. The increase in cashflow should result in an increase in value so that the Company may sell or refinance the property for a profit at its proposed exit time of six (6) years.

 

The Company does not intend to take on projects that require extensive construction or rehab, but rather properties that will cash flow immediately. The Company will look to maximizing cash flow until sale, refinance or other disposition. The Company will also analyze market conditions and support the investment with multiple exit strategies to optimally exit each investment.

 

Due Diligence & Financing

 

When the Company identifies a location or a potential property, it will secure the necessary financing, sign a contract and place an escrow deposit to be held with the designated escrow agent. The Company will take the time necessary to complete all its due diligence to the property including: site inspection, reviewing all leases, income and expenses, as well as securing a first mortgage on the property. After the due diligence process has been completed, the Company will determine whether the property is suitable or not.

 

If property is not suitable, the Company will cancel the contract and look for the next opportunity. If the property is suitable, it will proceed to close, typically within 45 to 60 days.

 

 
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Joint Venture Partners

 

The Company may acquire Properties or other real estate related investments from, or invest, co-invest, joint venture or participate with, affiliates of our Manager or other real estate developers and investors, as determined by the Manager in its sole discretion. The purchase price of any Property or real estate related investment acquired from or sold to an affiliated party will be based upon the fair market value of the asset established by a third-party appraisal or fairness opinion that is dated within the last 120 days prior to the transaction.

 

The Manager has relationships with real estate entrepreneurs (“sponsors”) with whom it may, in some limited circumstances, seek to co-invest, joint venture or otherwise participate in certain investments that either the Company identifies, or the sponsor identifies. In the event of such co-investments or participation, including transactions with affiliates, the Manager will seek to secure such investments on behalf of the Company so that it is within the investment and return goals of the Company.

 

However, in some instances, these sponsors may require a right to receive a priority or pari-passu of return. In such event, the Manager will have the discretion to decide if the projected returns to the Company, after risk adjusting for such priority, warrant proceeding with the investment.

 

When and if the Manager utilizes its relationships with such sponsors, separate promote structures may be established between the Manager and the co-investor or participant, which may directly benefit the Manager or an affiliate of the Manager, separate from any compensation the Manager may earn as Manager of the Company. Any separate benefit shall be paid directly to the Manager or by the co-investors and participants, and not from Company funds or its Manager.

 

In some circumstances, the Manager may elect to co-invest with a third-party that the Manager also controls or has some control. The Company will take the same approach with a third-party as if entering into the transaction with a sponsor as discussed above. Paradyme Equities, LLC my have a “co-development” agreement with the sponsor which allow Paradyme parallel project manage to help the risk factor go down. Paradyme believes that two heads are better than one, so having multiple hands and 3rd party inspection companies involved with help the likelihood of the development be successful.

 

We expect to use the net proceeds from this offering for ongoing legal, accounting, and professional fees, and working capital and to finance costs associated with acquiring commercial real estate, such as market appraisals, title and recording fees, broker fees, if any, legal fees and closing costs which, in the aggregate, typically amount to 1% to 3% of the purchase price of the property acquired, with an average of 2%. However, we currently have no real estate acquisitions contemplated. Accordingly, it is difficult to estimate how much will be required in the next 12 months to implement our business plan.

 

 
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Financing Strategy

 

Once the proceeds of this Offering have been fully invested, the Company expects our debt financing will be in the range of approximately 70% to 80% of the aggregate value of real estate investments and other assets. Financing for acquisitions, development, construction and all related to the investments may be obtained at the time an asset is acquired or an investment is made or at such later time as the management determines to be appropriate.

 

In addition, debt financing may be used from time to time for property improvements, lease inducements, tenant improvements and other working capital needs, including the payment of distributions. Additionally, the amount of debt placed on an individual property or related to a particular investment, including our pro rata share of the amount of debt incurred by an individual entity in which the Company invests, may be less than 70% or more than 80% of the value of such property/investment or the value of the assets owned by such entity, depending on market conditions and other factors.

 

The Company intends to limit borrowing to no more than 80% of the value of Company assets.

 

Exit Strategies

 

The Manage intends to operate the Company for up to six (6) years. The Manager may employ multiple exit strategies including, but not limited to:

 

1. Sale of Properties. If the market allows for a successful sale of the properties to third parties or to Affiliate of the Manager so that the Members may realize appreciation, the Company will look to sell all of the properties owned by the Company to such third-party or Affiliates of the Manager.

 

2. Refinance the Properties and hold. The Manager expects the Properties owned by the Partnership will have leverage not to exceed a 80% loan-to-value ("LTV") ratio. If the then appraised values of the Properties show all Members may receive: a) their return of capital, and b) realized appreciation on the properties, the Company may elect to refinance the properties and return capital and any remaining appreciation.

 

3. Sale to a Public Real Estate Investment Trust. The Manager may find that the properties are attractive purchases for certain public Real Estate Investment Trusts. The Manager may elect to a) sell the properties outright to the individual trust; b) sell the properties to the real estate investment trust in exchange for equity in the trust (stock) and cash (depending on the appreciation value); or c) create its own real estate investment trust to which the properties may be sold or exchanged. Note: if the Members were to receive stock of the purchaser real estate investment trust in exchange for their Interests, the Members may be able to sell their shares on the public exchange of which the public real estate investment trust is traded, so long as it is traded.

 

4. Bulk Sale to an Institution. The Company may find an institution is interested is interested in purchasing all of the Company’s properties. The Manager may elect to take such an option, even at a discount, to insure that all properties are sold in a timely fashion and so long as it is in the best interest of the Company.

 

The Company will make a decision regarding the appropriate exit strategy at the time in accordance with market conditions.

 

 
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Geographic Scope

 

The Company will not limit itself geographically, however it intends to invest initially in the following states Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Nevada, Tennessee, and Texas. The Company will search multifamily and commercial properties that it may purchase at a discount to market value. The Company may acquire properties at market value where it believes that the property represents long-term or strategic value. The Company believes it can successfully identify such a potential target acquisition based upon the depth and the breadth of the industry experience, contacts and industry knowledge of the Company’s Manager. See “MANAGER, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS” for a discussion of the Manager’s real estate experience.

 

Milestones

 

We hope to reach the following milestones in the next 12 months:

 

 

¨

July 2019 - Complete our Form 1-A qualification statement.

 

¨

July 2019 - Begin fundraising.

 

¨

August 2019 - Reach minimum raise requirement of $1,000,000; search for properties to purchase.

 

¨

Fall 2019 – Deploy funds on multiple projects within the portfolio specs.

 

¨

continue to fund raise and purchase properties or Joint Venture until reaching $50,000,000 (fifty million)

 

¨

By June 2020 - fully funded and be fully invested.

 

 
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Acquisition and deploying funds will depend highly on our funds, the availability of those funds, availability of assets that meet or investment criteria and the size of the assets to be acquired.

 

Competition

 

We will face competition from other owners, investors and developers that are looking to acquire similar properties and who may implement or are already implementing a similar business plan to ours. Further, we may be at a disadvantage to our competition who may have greater capital resources than we do, specifically cash. It has become increasingly difficult to obtain lending on many properties and those developers that are able to close without financing and pay the full purchase price of a property in cash may be able to close on more properties or will be able to negotiate better purchasing terms.

  

TAX TREATMENT OF COMPANY AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

 

The following is a summary of certain relevant federal income tax considerations resulting from an investment in the Company but does not purport to cover all of the potential tax considerations applicable to any specific purchaser. Prospective investors are urged to consult with and rely upon their own tax advisors for advice on these and other tax matters with specific reference to their own tax situation and potential changes in applicable law discussion is a general summary of certain federal income tax consequences of acquiring, holding and disposing of partnership interests in the Company and is directed to individual investors who are United States citizens or residents and who will hold their interests in the Company as “capital assets” (generally, property held for investment). It is included for general information only and is not intended as a comprehensive analysis of all potential tax considerations inherent in making an investment in the Company. The tax consequences of an investment in the Company are complex and will vary depending upon each investor’s individual circumstances, and this discussion does not purport to address federal income tax consequences applicable to all categories of investors, some of whom may be subject to special or other treatment under the tax laws (including, without limitation, insurance companies, qualified pension plans, tax-exempt organizations, financial institutions or broker-dealers, traders in securities that elect to mark to market, Members owning capital stock as part of a “straddle,” “hedge” or “conversion transaction,” domestic corporations, “S” corporations, REITs or regulated investment companies, trusts and estates, persons who are not citizens or residents of the United States, persons who hold their interests in the Company through a company or other entity that is a pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes or persons for whom an interest in the Company is not a capital asset or who provide directly or indirectly services to the Company). Further, this discussion does not address all of the foreign, state, local or other tax laws that may be applicable to the Company or its partners.

 

 
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Prospective investors also should be aware that uncertainty exists concerning various tax aspects of an investment in the Company. This summary is based upon the IRS Code, the Treasury Regulations (the “Treasury Regulations”) promulgated thereunder (including temporary and proposed Treasury Regulations), the legislative history of the IRS Code, current administrative interpretations and practices of the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), and judicial decisions, all as in effect on the date of this offering circular and all of which are under continuing review by Congress, the courts and the IRS and subject to change or differing interpretations. Any such changes may be applied with retroactive effect. Counsel to the Company has not opined on the federal, state or local income tax matters discussed herein, and no rulings have been requested or received from the IRS or any state or local taxing authority concerning any matters discussed herein. Consequently, no assurance is provided that the tax consequences described herein will continue to be applicable or that the positions taken by the Company in respect of tax matters will not be challenged, disallowed or adjusted by the IRS or any state or local taxing authority.

 

Prospective investors are urged to consult with and rely upon their own tax advisors for advice on these and other tax matters with specific reference to their own tax situation and potential changes in applicable law.

 

FOREIGN INVESTORS: NON-U.S. INVESTORS ARE SUBJECT TO UNIQUE AND COMPLEX TAX CONSIDERATIONS. THE COMPANY AND THE MANAGER MAKE NO DECLARATIONS AND OFFER NO ADVICE REGARDING THE TAX IMPLICATIONS TO SUCH FOREIGN INVESTORS, AND SUCH INVESTORS ARE URGED TO SEEK INDEPENDENT ADVICE FROM ITS OWN TAX COUNSEL OR ADVISORS BEFORE MAKING ANY INVESTMENT.

 

Tax Classification of the Company as a Partnership

 

General.

 

The federal income tax consequences to the investors of their investment in the Company will depend upon the classification of the Company as a “Partnership” for federal income tax purposes, rather than as an association taxable as a corporation. For federal income tax purposes, a partnership is not an entity subject to tax, but rather a conduit through which all items of partnership income, gain, loss, deduction and credit are passed through to its partners. Thus, income and deductions resulting from Company operations are allocated to the investors in the Company and are taken into account by such investors on their individual federal income tax returns. In addition, a distribution of money or marketable securities from the Company to a partner generally is not taxable to the partner unless the amount of the distribution exceeds the partner’s tax basis in his interest in the Company. In general, an unincorporated entity formed under the laws of a state in the United States with at least two members, such as the Company, will be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes provided that (i) it is not a “publicly traded partnership” under Section 7704 of the IRS Code and (ii) does not affirmatively elect to be classified as an association taxable as a corporation under the so-called “check the box” regulations relating to entity classification. The Company is not currently a “publicly traded partnership” within the meaning of Section 7704 of the IRS Code for the reasons discussed below. In addition, the Manager does not intend to affirmatively elect classification of the Company as an association taxable as a corporation. Accordingly, the Manager expects that the Company will be classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes.

 

 
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Publicly Traded Partnership Rules.

 

Under Section 7704 of the IRS Code, a partnership that meets the definition of a “publicly traded partnership” may be treated as a corporation depending on the nature of its income. If the Company were so treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, the Company would be a separate taxable entity subject to corporate income tax, and distributions from the Company to a partners would be taxable to the partners in the same manner as a distribution from a corporation to a shareholder (i.e., as dividend income to the extent of the current and accumulated earnings and profits of the Company, as a nontaxable reduction of basis to the extent of the partner’s adjusted tax basis in his interests in the Company, and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of the investors interests in the Company). The effect of classification of the Company as a corporation would be to reduce substantially the after-tax economic return on an investment in the Company.

 

A partnership will be deemed a publicly traded partnership if (a) interests in such partnership are traded on an established securities market, or (b) interests in such partnership are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof. As discussed in this offering circular, interests in the Company (i) will not be traded on an established securities market; and (ii) will be subject to transfer restrictions set forth in the Operating Agreement. Specifically, the Operating Agreement generally prohibits any transfer of a partnership interest without the prior consent of the Manager except in connection with an Exempt Transfer. The Manager will consider prior to consenting to any transfer of an interest in the Company if such transfer would or could reasonably be expected to jeopardize the status of the Company as a partnership for federal income tax purposes.

 

The remaining discussion assumes that the Company will be treated as a Partnership and not as an association taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes.

  

Allocation of Partnership Income, Gains, Losses, Deductions and Credits

 

Profits and Losses are allocated to the partners under the Operating Agreement. In general, Profits or Losses during any fiscal year will be allocated as of the end of such fiscal year to each partner in accordance with their ownership interests. Certain allocations may be effected to comply with the “qualified income offset” provisions of applicable Treasury Regulations relating to partnership allocations (as referenced below).

 

 
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Under Section 704(b) of the IRS Code, a Company’s allocations will generally be respected for federal income tax purposes if they have “substantial economic effect” or are otherwise in accordance with the “member’s interests in the partnership.” The Company will maintain a capital account for each Member in accordance with federal income tax accounting principles as set forth in the Treasury Regulations under Section 704(b), and the Operating Agreement does contain a qualified income offset provision. The Operating Agreement requires liquidating distributions to be made in accordance with the economic intent of the transaction and the allocations of Company income, gain, loss and deduction under the Operating Agreement are designed to be allocated to the members with the economic benefit of such allocations and are in a manner generally in accord with the principles of Treasury Regulations issued under Section 704(b) of the IRS Code relating to the partner’s interest in the partnership. As a result, although the Operating Agreement may not follow in all respects applicable guidelines set forth in the Treasury Regulations issued under Section 704(b), the Manager anticipates that the Company’s allocations would generally be respected as being in accordance with the Member’s interest in the Company. However, if the IRS were to determine that the Company’s allocations did not have substantial economic effect or were not otherwise in accordance with the Members’ interests in the Company, then the taxable income, gain, loss and deduction of the Company might be reallocated in a manner different from that specified in the Operating Agreement and such reallocation could have an adverse tax and financial effect on Members.

 

Limitations on Deduction of Losses.

 

The ability of a Member to deduct the Member’s share of the Company’s losses or deductions during any particular year is subject to numerous limitations, including the basis limitation, the at-risk limitation, the passive activity loss limitation and the limitation on the deduction of investment interest. Each prospective investor should consult with its own tax advisor regarding the application of these rules to it in respect of an investment in the Company.

 

Basis Limitation. Subject to other loss limitation rules, a Member is allowed to deduct its allocable share of the Company’s losses (if any) only to the extent of such Member’s adjusted tax basis in its interests in the Company at the end of the Company’s taxable year in which the losses occur.

 

At-Risk Limitation. In the case of a Member that is an individual, trust, or certain type of corporation, the ability to utilize tax losses allocated to such Member under the Operating Agreement may be limited under the “at-risk” provisions of the IRS Code. For this purpose, a Member who acquires a Company interest pursuant to the Offering generally will have an initial at-risk amount with respect to the Company’s activities equal to the amount of cash contributed to the Company in exchange for its interest in the Company. This initial at-risk amount will be increased by the Member’s allocable share of the Company’s income and gains and decreased by their share of the Company’s losses and deductions and the amount of cash distributions made to the Member. Liabilities of the Company, whether recourse or nonrecourse, generally will not increase a Member’s amount at-risk with respect to the Company. Any losses or deductions that may not be deducted by reason of the at-risk limitation may be carried forward and deducted in later taxable years to the extent that the Member’s at-risk amount is increased in such later years (subject to application of the other loss limitations). Generally, the at-risk limitation is to be applied on an activity-by-activity basis. If the amount for which a Member is considered to be at-risk with respect to the activities of the Company is reduced below zero (e.g., by distributions), the Member will be required to recognize gross income to the extent that their at-risk amount is reduced below zero.

 

 
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Passive Loss Limitation. To the extent that the Company is engaged in trade or business activities, such activities will be treated as “passive activities” in respect of any Member to whom Section 469 of the IRS Code applies (individuals, estates, trusts, personal service corporations and, with modifications, certain closely-held C corporations), and, subject to the discussion below regarding portfolio income, the income and losses in respect of those activities will be “passive activity income” and “passive activity losses.” Under Section 469 of the IRS Code, a taxpayer’s losses and income from all passive activities for a year are aggregated. Losses from one passive activity may be offset against income from other passive activities. However, if a taxpayer has a net loss from all passive activities, such taxpayer generally may not use such net loss to offset other types of income, such as wage and other earned income or portfolio income (e.g., interest, dividends and certain other investment type income). Member income and capital gains from certain types of investments are treated as portfolio income under the passive activity rules and are not considered to be income from a passive activity. Unused passive activity losses may be carried forward and offset against passive activity income in subsequent years. In addition, any unused loss from a particular passive activity may be deducted against other income in any year if the taxpayer’s entire interest in the activity is disposed of in a fully taxable transaction.

 

Non-Business Interest Limitation. Generally, a non-corporate taxpayer may deduct “investment interest” only to the extent of such taxpayer’s “net investment income.” Investment interest subject to such limitations may be carried forward to later years when the taxpayer has additional net investment income. Investment interest is interest paid on debt incurred or continued to acquire or carry property held for investment. Net investment income generally includes gross income and gains from property held for investment reduced by any expenses directly connected with the production of such income and gains. To the extent that interest is attributable to a passive activity, it is treated as a passive activity deduction and is subject to limitation under the passive activity rules and not under the investment interest limitation rules.

 

Limitation on Deductibility of Capital Losses. The excess of capital losses over capital gains may be offset against ordinary income of a non-corporate taxpayer, subject to an annual deduction limitation of $3,000. A non-corporate taxpayer may carry excess capital losses forward indefinitely.

 

Taxation of Undistributed Company Income (Individual Investors)

 

Under the laws pertaining to federal income taxation of limited liability companies that are treated as partnerships, no federal income tax is paid by the Company as an entity. Each individual Member reports on his federal income tax return his distributive share of Company income, gains, losses, deductions and credits, whether or not any actual distribution is made to such member during a taxable year. Each individual Member may deduct his distributive share of Company losses, if any, to the extent of the tax basis of his Units at the end of the Company year in which the losses occurred. The characterization of an item of profit or loss will usually be the same for the member as it was for the Company. Since individual Members will be required to include Company income in their personal income without regard to whether there are distributions of Company income, such investors will become liable for federal and state income taxes on Company income even though they have received no cash distributions from the Company with which to pay such taxes.

 

Tax Returns

 

Annually, the Company will provide the Members sufficient information from the Company's informational tax return for such persons to prepare their individual federal, state and local tax returns. The Company's informational tax returns will be prepared by a tax professional selected by the Manager.

 

 
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SUMMARY OF OPERATING AGREEMENT

 

The Operating Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 2. is the governing instrument establishing the terms and conditions pursuant to which the Company will conduct business and the rights and obligations between and among the Members and the Manager, as well as other important terms and provisions relating to investment in the Company. A prospective Member is urged to read and fully understand the Operating Agreement in its entirety prior to making a decision to purchase Interests. The following is a brief and incomplete summary of the terms of the Operating Agreement and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Operating Agreement.

 

Profits and Losses

 

Losses for any fiscal year shall be allocated among the Members in proportion to their positive Capital Account balances, until the balance of each Capital Account equals zero. Thereafter, all losses shall be allocated in accordance to each Member’s respective Percentage Interest in the Company. Profits will first be allocated pro rata to the Members in accordance with the amount of Losses previously allocated if such previous Losses were not offset by Profits.

 

Cash Flow Distributions

 

Except as provided elsewhere in this Operating Agreement, Cash Flow of the Company shall be distributed to the Members quarterly after three (3) years of Company operations, as to be determined by the Manager, so long as the Manager determines it is available for distribution, in the following order:

 

First, to the Class A Members, pro rata in accordance with their percentage interests in the Company (as defined in the Operating Agreement - “Percentage Interest”), until all Class A Members have received a cumulative, non-compounded preferred return of 8.0% per annum on their Capital Contributions.

 

Second, seventy percent (70%) of the remaining Cash Flow available for distributions to the Class B Members and thirty percent (30%) to the Class A Members.

 

 
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Voting Rights of the Members

 

The Members will have no right to participate in the management of the Company and will only have the following rights:

 

Votes Requiring Unanimous Approval of All Members

 

Unanimous consent of all Members is required for any of the following matters:

 

¨

To authorize an act that is not in the ordinary course of the business of the Company; and

¨

To amend the Certificate of Formation or make substantive amendments to the Operating Agreement.

 

Votes Requiring Approval of 75% of the All Members’ Interests other than the Manager

 

Consent of the Members holding the seventy five percent (75%) of the Class A and Class B Interests (other than the Manager) must affirmatively vote to approve any of the following actions:

 

¨

To issue a Notice to Perform to the Manager (as defined in the Operating Agreement); and

¨

To remove the Manager for Good Cause (see below.)

 

Votes Requiring Approval of a Majority of Interests of all Members

 

A vote of a Majority of Interests of all Members is required to:

 

¨

Fill a vacancy after the Manager has resigned or been removed;

¨

Admit an Additional Member to the Company from the sale of Additional Units; and

¨

Appoint a new “partnership representative.”

 

 
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Removal of Manager for Cause

 

All Class A and Class B Members (other than the Manager who collectively own seventy five percent (75%) or more of the Interests (the requisite Interests)) shall issue a Notice to Perform to the Manager in accordance with the notice provision in Article 15.1 of the Operating Agreement. The Notice to Perform shall describe the matters of concern to the Members and shall give the Manager up to sixty (60) days to correct the matter of concern to the satisfaction of the voting Members. If the Manager fails to respond to the concerns or demands contained in such Notice to Perform then;

 

The Manager may be immediately removed, temporarily or permanently, for “Good Cause” determined by: (a) a vote of the requisite Members described above, or (b) by an arbitrator or judge per Article 13.5.4 of the Operating Agreement. Note, however, that removal of the Manager may require approval of a lender or substitution of a loan guarantor if any loan was conditioned on the qualifications of the Manager.

 

Reasons for Removal; Good Cause Defined

 

The previous Manager must serve until a new Manager is hired or elected. The Class A Members hereby agree that any right of removal shall be exercised only in good faith. “Good Cause” shall include only the following, as determined by a vote of the requisite Interests:

 

¨

Any of the acts described in the Operating Agreement, Article 6.10;

¨

A breach of a Manager’s duties or authority hereunder;

¨

Willful or wanton misconduct;

¨

Fraud;

¨

Bad faith;

¨

Disappearance wherein the Manager (or each of the members of the Manager) fail to return phone calls and/or written correspondence (including email) for more than thirty days (30) without prior notice of an anticipated absence, or failure to provide the Members with new contact information;

¨

Issuance of a legal charging order and/or judgment by any judgment creditor against the Manager’s Interest in Cash Distributions or Fees from the Company;

¨

A finding by a court of law or arbitrator that the Manager committed any of the acts described in Article 6.10 of the Operating Agreement, for which the Manager is specifically not indemnified by the Company; or

¨

The Manager becomes subject to a "disqualifying event" at any time during operation of the Company.

 

 
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Death, Disability, Incompetency or Bankruptcy of a Member

 

In the event of the death, disability, incapacity or adjudicated incompetency of a Member or if a Member becomes bankrupt, the Member shall have the right to transfer his/her/its interests so long as such transfer is not to a minor.

 

Limits on Manager’s Liability; Indemnification

 

The Manager will be fully protected and indemnified by the Company against all liabilities and losses suffered by the Manager (including attorneys’ fees, costs of investigation, fines, judgments and amounts paid in settlement, actually and reasonably incurred by the Manager in connection with such action, suit or proceeding) by virtue of its status as Manager with respect to any acts or omissions, except that expenses incurred by the Manager with respect to claims for fraud, breach of fiduciary duty, gross negligence, bad faith or a material violation of the Operating Agreement shall not be advanced to the Manager unless it is adjudicated in its favor. The provisions of this indemnification will also extend to all managers, Members, affiliates, employees, attorneys, consultants and agents of the Manager for any action taken by it on behalf of the Manager pursuant to the Operating Agreement.

 

Parallel Funds, Special Purpose Entities and Co-Investment Opportunities

 

The Manager may, in its discretion and to the extent permitted by applicable law, create or sponsor partnerships or other vehicles that will be formed for participating pro rata and pari passu in the portfolio companies of the Company ("Parallel Fund"). It is the intention of the Manager that the Manager of the Company will also act as the Manager of the Parallel Fund; provided, however, if such an arrangement were to become prohibited or result in a conflict of interest, a separate Manager will be established. The Parallel Fund will contain the similar economic terms, rights, restrictions and obligations for its investors as are applicable to Members in the Company.

 

Where the Manager deems it appropriate, the Company may use special purpose entities as subsidiaries, including corporations, limited liability companies and limited partnerships to make and hold investments. The Manager may also cause the Company to invest through corporations, limited liability companies, limited partnerships, joint ventures (both with third-parties and affiliates of the Manager), or other arrangements in which the Fund has an economic interest and where such arrangements are reasonably expected to preserve in all material respects the overall economic relationship of the Members.

 

To the extent that the Manager determines that any Company investment requires co-investment by third parties, the Manager may offer, but is not required to offer, to the Manager and all Members the opportunity to co-invest on a side-by side basis with the Fund and the Parallel Fund in such investment. The Manager shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to accept all, none or any portion of such Member's’ capital for such co-investment opportunity and may offer all or any portion of such co-investment opportunity to any third parties, and the terms offered to such third parties may be different than the co-investment terms offered to electing Members.

 

 
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Other Activities of Manager: Affiliates

 

The Manager need not devote its full time to the Company’s business but shall devote such time as the Manager in its discretion, deems necessary to manage the Company’s affairs in an efficient manner. Subject to the other express provisions of the Operating Agreement, the Manager, at any time and from time to time may engage in and possess interests in other business ventures of any and every type and description, independently or with others, including ventures in competition with the Company, with no obligation to offer to the Company or any Member the right to participate therein, The Company may transact business with any Manager, Member, officer, agent or affiliate thereof provided the terms of those transactions are no less favorable than those the Company could obtain from unrelated third parties.

 

Transfers of Interests

 

A Member may assign, his, her or its Interests only if certain conditions set forth in the Operating Agreement are satisfied. Except as otherwise consented to by the Manager, the assignee must meet all suitability standards and other requirements applicable to other original subscribers and must consent in writing to be bound by all the terms of the Operating Agreement. In addition, the Company must receive written evidence of the assignment in a form approved by the Manager and the Manager must have consented in writing to the assignment. The Manager may withhold this consent in its sole and absolute discretion. Prior to the Manager’s consenting to any assignment, the Member must pay all reasonable expenses, including accounting and attorneys’ fees, incurred by the Company in connection with the assignment.

 

Dissolution of the Company, Liquidation and Distribution of Assets

 

The Company shall be dissolved upon the first to occur of the following events: (i) the happening of any other event that makes it unlawful, impossible or impractical to carry on the business of the Company, (ii) once all of the assets of the Company are disposed of.

 

Power of Attorney

 

By becoming a party to the Operating Agreement, each Member will appoint the Manager as his or her attorney-in-fact and empower and authorize the Manager to make, execute, acknowledge, publish and file on behalf of the Member in all necessary or appropriate places, such documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the intent and purposes of the Operating Agreement.

 

 
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Accounting Records and Reports

 

The Company shall engage an independent certified public accountant or accounting firm, in the discretion of the Manager, to audit the Company’s financial statements as of the end of each fiscal year. As soon as practicable after the end of such fiscal year, but in no event later than 120 days after the end of such fiscal year, the Manager shall provide to each Member, (i) audited financial statements of the Company as of the end of and for such fiscal year, including a Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Members Equity and Statement of Operations, together with the report thereon of the Company’s independent certified public accountant or accounting firm, (ii) a statement of Properties of the Company, including the cost of such Properties. No later than March 15th of each year the Company will provide (i) a Schedule K-1 for such Member with respect to such fiscal year, prepared in accordance with the IRS Code, together with corresponding forms for state income tax purposes, setting forth such Member’s distributive share of Company items of Profit or Loss for such fiscal year and the amount of such Member’s Capital Account at the end of such fiscal year, and (ii) such other financial information and documents respecting the Company and its business as the Manager deems appropriate, or as a Member may reasonably require and request in writing, to enable such Member to prepare its federal and state income tax returns.

 

As soon as practicable after the end of each semi-annual period, but in no event later than 90 days following the end of each such period, the Manager shall prepare and e-mail, mail or make available on its secure website portal, to each Member (i) the Company’s unaudited financial statements as of the end of such fiscal semi-annual and for the portion of the fiscal year then ended, (ii) a statement of the properties of the Company, including the cost of all properties, and (iii) a report reviewing the Company’s activities and business strategies for such period. The Manager shall cause the Company reports to be prepared in accordance with GAAP.

 

Alternative Dispute Resolution

 

The Company Operating Agreement contains a dispute resolution agreement. Litigation could require diversion of Company Profits to pay attorney’s fees or could tie up Company funds necessary for operation of the Company, impacting the profitability of the investment for all Members. The Company compels Members to attempt mediation followed by arbitration. This provision excludes claims under federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

We believe this is enforceable under federal law and the state of Delaware as it not only clear and unambiguous, but it clearly states, multiple times, that the Member is waiving his/her right to bring a claim in a court of law before a judge or a jury. The Alternative Dispute Resolution Act (1998) requires all federal district courts to authorize and promote the use of alternative dispute resolution programs. The state of Delaware encourages arbitration and passed the Delaware Rapid Arbitration Act (DRAA) which is designed to make arbitration practice timelier and more efficient. The DRAA imposes time limitations on the arbitrator compelling arbitration to complete within 120 days with a 60-day extension.

 

 
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The Delaware Chancery Court Rules allow parties in a litigation to seek mediation of their pending action in front of a judicial officer different from the one overseeing their litigation. Delaware law also allows for mediation of business and technology disputes where no litigation is already pending. Thus, parties may initiate a mediation in the Court of Chancery without filing a lawsuit. Business entities get access to the experienced Court of Chancery judges, but they also get to resolve their disputes in an efficient and confidential manner. The Court of Chancery’s tradition of flexibility applies in ADR as well, as the parties are able to customize the ADR process to meet their specific needs.

 

Despite these laws and rules in place, we are uncertain of the enforceability of any Alternative Dispute Resolution provision.

 

Members, by agreeing to this alternative dispute resolution, will not be deemed to have waived the company’s compliance with the federal securities laws. If, in any action against the Manager, the selected or appointed arbitrator, or judge (if applicable) makes a specific finding that the Manager has violated securities laws, or has otherwise engaged in any of the actions for which the Manager will not be indemnified, the Manager must bear the cost of its own legal defense. The Manager must reimburse the Company for any such costs previously paid by the Company. Until the Company has been fully reimbursed, the Manager will not be entitled to receive any Fees or Distributions it may otherwise be due.

 

It is expected that all Members, including those in secondary transactions, would be subject to the arbitration provision.

 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

We may from time to time be involved in routine legal matters incidental to our business; however, at this point in time we are currently not involved in any litigation, nor are we aware of any threatened or impending litigation.

 

OFFERING PRICE FACTORS

 

Our offering price is arbitrary with no relation to value of the company. This offering is a self-underwritten offering, which means that it does not involve the participation of an underwriter to market, distribute or sell the shares offered under this offering.

 

If the maximum amount of Class A Interests are sold under this Offering, the purchasers under this Offering will own 100% of the Class A Interests outstanding.

 

If the minimum amount of Class A Interests are sold under this Offering, the purchasers under this Offering will own 100% of the Class A Interests outstanding.

 

If the maximum amount of the Class A Interests the price per Interest value will be $1,000 per Interest for a total of $50,000,000.

 

If the minimum amount of the Class A Interests the price per Interest value will be $1.000 per Interest for a total of $1,000,000.

 

 
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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

 

The following table sets forth information as of the date of this Offering.

 

Title of Class

 

Name of  Beneficial Owner

 

Percent

Before

Offering

 

Percent

After

Offering

 

Class B Interests

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

100

%

 

100

%

Class A Interests

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

0

%

 

0

%

 

TOTAL

 

100

%

 

100

%

 

Ryan Garland, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer has dispositive control over the Class B Interests that are owned by our Manager, Paradyme Equities, LLC. No entity or Member currently owns any Class A Interests in the Company. Class A Interests are being sold through this Offering. Upon sale, the Class A Interests will maintain a 30% interest in the Company overall and Class B Interests will maintain a 70% interest in the Company overall. Class B Interests were issued at formation for no consideration.

 

“Beneficial ownership” means the sole or shared power to vote or to direct the voting of, a security, or the sole or shared investment power with respect to a security (i.e., the power to dispose of or to direct the disposition of, a security). In addition, for purposes of this table, a person is deemed, as of any date, to have “beneficial ownership” of any security that such person has the right to acquire within 60 days from the date of this Offering.

 

MANAGER, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS

 

The Principals of the Manager of the Company are as follows:

 

Name

 

Age

 

Title

 

Ryan Garland

 

35

 

Chief Executive Officer and President

 

 
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Duties, Responsibilities and Experience

 

Mr. Garland is the sole decision maker of Paradyme Equities, LLC which is the Manager of the Company. All business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by the Manager. The Manager shall direct, manage, and control the Company to the best of its ability and shall have full and complete authority, power, and discretion to make any and all decisions and to do any and all things that the Manager shall deem to be reasonably required to accomplish the business and objectives of the Company. The rights and duties of the Manager is described in the Operating Agreement.

 

The principal of the Manager is as follows:

 

Ryan Garland

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

Ryan J. Garland specializes in brokering short term, commercial and residential real estate loans throughout California. His unique approach to financing, utilizing private capital, allows the speed and flexibility that traditional banking simply cannot provide. The diversity of his funding programs allows for shift changes to occur and coincide with the current market at any given time. It was this diversity that prompted Ryan to name the company Paradyme Funding.

 

Ryan built the foundation of his career in Civil Engineering, followed by a position in 2004 with Aegis Lending, focusing on subprime lending. Ryan established himself with his branding as: “Hard Money Ryan,” and to this day, is still sought out by it. From 2005 to 2011, Ryan provided loan officer services at a variety of companies including Lighthouse Financial, Advance Capital, and Cambridge Mortgage. Thereafter, starting in 2011, Ryan worked for Pelorus Equity Group, where he was the only loan originator, and face of the company for four years. Following his time at Pelorus (2014), he expanded his reach working with Anchor Loans — the largest lender on the West Coast, with a staff of 90, and $3.5B in annual transactions. Ryan’s success at Anchor lead him to transition to Legacy Private Funding (April 2014), as a Vice President, where his career accelerated as a result of his lead role in developing the company from the ground up.

 

By 2009, Ryan successfully closed 276 Short Sales for Leasebacks, with $33.2M deployed for individual purchasers, borrowers, and lenders. In February 2010, they closed 126 short sales and decided to begin private lending on fix-and-flips with his investors’ funds. From 2011-2014, Ryan was the number one private funding originator in the state and third in the nation. He funded more than any other company in California as an originator with a 100% Financing joint venture program; 1.5 years ahead of any other lender, which allowed him to launch his career into the luxury market. Ryan is also the founder of a Luxury Real Estate Network for which he’s successfully facilitated ground-up construction and development funds.

 

In 2012 alone, Ryan and his staff of three deployed $140 million in private funding. It was from this success, and his extensive background, that in 2014 Paradyme Funding was formed. In the last five years, he has successfully raised and deployed private funds from private lenders to real estate entrepreneurs in excess of $100M on 1st and 2nd Trust Deeds.

 

Ryan has hand-picked a strong team of individuals with high levels of expertise in not only the real estate investment industry, but also traditional and luxury real estate, banking, insurance, wealth management, law, quality assurance, marketing, and motivational coaching--to name a few. Paradyme Funding consists of a Business Development and PR Manager, Director of Operations, Marketing Specialist, Processors, Underwriters and its own Wholesale Division. Paradyme has also retained legal counsel with over 40 years of real estate experience, and is an integral part of the management team. Because of this dynamic organization, his clients have grown to rely on the skills, experience, and knowledge of a highly professional team that can deal with virtually any aspect of the real estate industry.

 

 
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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

The following table sets forth the cash compensation of Manager:

 

The following table sets forth the cash compensation of Manager:

 

 

Name and Principal Position

 

Year

 

Salary

 

 

Bonus

 

 

Option Awards

 

 

All Other Compensation(1)

 

Ryan Garland, CEO of Paradyme Funding, Inc., Manager

 

2017

 

$0

 

 

$0

 

 

$0

 

 

50% of the Class B

Interests

 

Ryan Garland, CEO of Paradyme Funding, Inc., Manager

 

2018

 

$0

 

 

$0

 

 

$0

 

 

 

0

 

Ryan Garland, CEO of Paradyme Funding, Inc., Manager

 

2019

 

$0

 

 

$0

 

 

$0

 

 

50% of the Class B

Interests

 

Ivan Oberon, Vice President of Paradyme Funding, Inc., Manager

 

2017

 

$0

 

 

$0

 

 

$0

 

 

50% of the Class B

Interests

 

  

For organizing the Company, business plan development, putting together this Offering, initial capitalization, and other related services, the Manager of our Company has been awarded 100% of the Class B Interests in our Company. The Manager shall have all the rights expressly provided in the Operating Agreement. The Manager alone shall have the sole and exclusive power and authority to manage all facets of the business of the Company. Further, the Manager has a right to 70% of the remaining Cash Flow after the Members have received their promised Preferred Return of eight (8.0%) percent. “Cash Flow,” as defined, means, with respect to any period of the Company’s operation, the gross cash receipts of the Company, including funds released from reserves, reduced by the sum of the following: (a) all principal and interest payments and other sums paid on or with respect to any indebtedness of the Company, (b) all cash expenditures incurred incident to the operation of the Company’s business, including without limitation, any capital expenditure, (c) all amounts due the Manager, and (d) such cash reserves as the Manager shall from time to time designate or as may otherwise be required by the terms of the Agreement or loan documents entered into by the Company in order to establish for working capital, compensating balance requirements, contingencies, payments of Distributions or the funding of any other cash or capital requirements of the Company.

 

In 2019, Mr. Oberon left the Manager and relinquished any interest to Mr. Garland via the Manager.

 

Employment Agreements

 

There are no current employment agreements or current intentions to enter into any employment agreements.

 

Future Compensation

 

The principals of our Manager have agreed to provide services to us without cash compensation until such time that we have sufficient earnings from our revenue. The Manager received Class B Interests at formation for no consideration.

 

Transfer Agent

 

We intend to enlist the services of Computer Share as our transfer agent.

 

 
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

The Company utilizes office space provided at no cost from our Manager. Office services are provided without charge by the Company’s Manager. Such costs are immaterial to the financial statements and, accordingly, have not been reflected.

 

We have issued 100% of the Class B Interests at formation to our Manager for no consideration. The Manager is controlled by Ryan Garland. Ryan Garland is the CEO of the Manager. The approximate value of the Class B Interests at the time of this Offering is approximately $1,000. The Manager shall receive the following fees and compensation:

 

Phase of Operation

 

Basis for Fee

 

Amount of Fee

Equity Placement Fee

 

Fees charged to the Company as funds are invested into the SPE’s or Properties

 

2.0% of the funds placed into a project.

 

Fund Manager Fee

 

Fees Paid to the Manager for Managing the Joint Venture Relationships and any Property Construction

 

Up to 2% of the funds deployed on an annual basis.

 

Carried Interest

 

Class B Interest

 

Profit sharing of 70% of the Cash Flow that is available after the Members have received their stated Preferred Return.

  

Unpaid Management Fees will accrue as an account payable to the Manager. Manager may elect to pay accrued Management Fees to the Manager at any time, at the sole discretion of the Manager. For organizing the Company, business plan development, putting together this Offering, initial capitalization, and other related services, the Manager has been awarded 100% of the Class B Interests in our Company. The Manager shall have all the rights expressly provided in the Operating Agreement. The Manager alone shall have the sole and exclusive power and authority to manage all facets of the business of the Company. Further, the Class B Interests held by the Manager shall receive 70% of the remaining Cash Flow after the Members have received their promised Preferred Return of eight (8.0%) percent. Cash Flow, as defined, means, with respect to any period of the Company’s operation, the gross cash receipts of the Company, including funds released from reserves, reduced by the sum of the following: (a) all principal and interest payments and other sums paid on or with respect to any indebtedness of the Company, (b) all cash expenditures incurred incident to the operation of the Company’s business, including without limitation, any capital expenditure, (c) all amounts due the Manager, and (d) such cash reserves as the Manager shall from time to time designate or as may otherwise be required by the terms of the Agreement or loan documents entered into by the Company in order to establish for working capital, compensating balance requirements, contingencies, payments of Distributions or the funding of any other cash or capital requirements of the Company.

 

 
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PRIOR PERFORMANCE

 

 The Manager has participated in one other Regulation D, Rule 506© offering. The following information show the properties that the Paradyme Luxury Equities, LLC has invested in and their performance. To date, no properties have sold or have realized a profit as they are under development and not expected to sell until 2020.

 

Name and Description Investment

 

Purchase Price

 

 

Purchase Dated

 

Carrying, Closing, and Improvement Costs

 

 

Sales Price

 

Sales Date

 

Profit/

 

Return on Investment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Loss)

 

 

 

2808 Ocean Blvd, Corona Del Mar

 

$4,800,000.00

 

 

2/28/2017

 

$6,357,660.00

 

 

 NA

 

In Construction - Est 06/2020

 

 NA

 

NA

 

2812 Ocean Blvd, Corona Del Mar

 

$4,200,000.00

 

 

2/28/2017

 

$6,272,000.00

 

 

 NA

 

In Construction - Est 06/2020

 

 NA

 

NA

 

1739 Westridge, Brentwood

 

$3,800,000.00

 

 

3/12/2018

 

$5,302,000.00

 

 

 NA

 

Estimated Completion 10/2020

 

 NA

 

NA

 

 

Table I

 

 

 

Paradyme Luxury Equity, LLC

 

Dollar Amount Offered

 

$10,000,000

 

Dollar Amount Raised

 

$1,660,000

 

Less Offering Expenses

 

$-

 

Reserves

 

$220

 

Percent available for investment

 

 

98.01%

Acquisition Costs

 

 

0

 

Percent Leverage

 

 

 

 

Date Offering Began

 

10/1/2017

 

Length of Offering

 

12 months

 

Months to Invest 90% of amount available

 

12 months

 

 

 
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Table II

 

Type of Compensation

 

Paradyme Luxury Equity, LLC

 

Date Offering Commenced

 

10/1/2017

 

Dollar Amount Raised

 

$1,660,000

 

Amount paid to sponsor from proceeds of Offering:

 

$-

 

-OrganizationalFeesandExpenses

 

$-

 

Dollar Amount Generated from Operations before Deducting Payments to Sponsor:

 

$1,660,000

 

Amount paid to sponsor from operations:

-AssetManagementFees

 

$-

 

-DueDiligenceExpense

 

$-

 

-OrganizationalFeesandExpenses(1)

 

$33,000

 

 

Table III

 

Paradyme Luxury Equity, LLC

 

2018

 

Income from Operations

 

$0

 

Phantom Income

 

$0

 

Unrealized Gain

 

 

0

 

Expenses related to Operations

 

$33,000

 

Management Fees

 

 

0

 

Net Income

 

$(33,000)

Amount of Raised

 

$1,660,000

 

Sponsor Fees

 

 

0

 

Debt Financing

 

 

195000

 

Invested Capital

 

$1,627,000

 

Cash Reserves/Working Capital

 

$220

 

 

 
68
 
Table of Contents

 

LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY

 

As permitted by California law, our Operating Agreement provides:

 

 

¨

we will indemnify our Manager to the fullest extent permitted by law;

 

¨

we may indemnify our other employees and other agents to the same extent that we indemnify our Manager; and

 

¨

we will advance expenses to our Manager in connection with a legal proceeding and may advance expenses to any employee or agent; provided, however, that such advancement of expenses shall be made only upon receipt of an undertaking by the person to repay all amounts advanced if it should be ultimately determined that the person was not entitled to be indemnified.

  

INTERESTS OF NAMED EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

 

No expert or counsel named in this Offering as having prepared or certified any part of this Offering or having given an opinion upon the validity of the securities being registered or upon other legal matters in connection with the registration or offering of the Class A Interests was employed on a contingency basis, or had, or is to receive, in connection with the Offering, a substantial interest, direct or indirect, in the registrant or any of its parents or subsidiaries. Nor was any such person connected with the registrant or any of its parents or subsidiaries as a promoter, managing or principal underwriter, voting trustee, director, officer, or employee.

 

Trowbridge Sidoti LLP is providing legal services relating to this Form 1-A & Securities Council 

 

 
69
 

  

Financial Statements

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

Table of Contents

 

Independent Auditor’s Report

 

F-2

 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Notes

 

Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017

 

F-4

 

Income Statement for the period of May 16, 2017 (inception) through December 31, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2018

 

F-5

 

Statement of Changes in Members’ Equity for the period of May 16, 2017 (inception) through December 31, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2018

 

F-6

 

Statement of Cash Flows for the period of May 16, 2017 (inception) through December 31, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2018

 

F-7

 

Notes and Additional Disclosures to the Financial Statements for the period from May 16, 2017 (inception) to December 31, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2018

 

F-8

 

 
F-1
 
 

  

 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

 

April 10, 2019

 

To: Board of Managers, Paradyme Equities, LLC

Attn: Ryan Garland

 

Re: 2018-2017 (inception) Financial Statement Audit

 

We have audited the accompanying financial statements of Paradyme Equities, LLC (a limited liability company organized in the State of California) (the “Company”), which comprise the balance sheets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the related statements of income, retained earnings, and cash flows for the calendar year period ending December 31, 2018 and the period of May 16, 2017 (inception) through December 31, 2017, and the related notes to the financial statements.

 

Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements

 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

 

Auditor’s Responsibility

 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit of the Company’s financial statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.

 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

 

An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

 

 
F-2
 
Table of Contents

 

Opinion

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations, member equity/deficit and its cash flows for the calendar year period of 2018 and the inception period of May 16, 2017 (inception) through December 31, 2017 in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

Emphasis of Matter Regarding Going Concern

 

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As described in the Notes to the Financial Statements, the Company is a business that has not yet commenced its planned operations, has incurred costs, and has not generated any revenues while seeking to raise capital under Title IV of the JOBS Act. Considering these factors, there exist substantial doubt as to whether the Company can continue as a going concern. These financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty and we provide no opinion at this time about whether the Company will be successful in its plans to continue as a going concern.

 

Sincerely,

 

IndigoSpire CPA Group

 

IndigoSpire CPA Group, LLC

Aurora, CO

 

 
F-3
 
Table of Contents

  

Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

Balance Sheet

As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 

See Accountant's Audit Report and Notes to the Financial Statements 

The accompanying Notes are an important and integral part of the financial statements 

  

ASSETS

 

2018

 

2017

 

ASSETS 

 

Current Assets 

 

Cash & Cash Equivalents 

 

5,000

 

5,000

 

Deferred Issuance Costs 

 

25,000

 

25,000

 

Total Current Assets 

 

30,000

 

30,000

 

Non-current Assets 

 

None 

 

30,000

 

30,000

 

LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY/DEFICIT 

LIABILITIES 

 

Current Liabilities 

 

Manager Loan 

 

30,000

 

30,000

 

Total Current Liabilities 

 

30,000

 

30,000

 

Non-current Liabilities 

 

None 

 

30,000

 

30,000

 

MEMBERSHIP EQUITY 

 

Membership Interest 

 

0

 

0

 

Retained Earnings, net of Distributions 

 

0

 

0

 

TOTAL MEMBERSHIP EQUITY 

 

0

 

0

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERSHIP EQUITY 

 

30,000

 

30,000

  

 
F-4
 
Table of Contents

  

Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

Income Statement

For the calendar year period 2018 and for the period May 16, 2017 (inception) through December 31, 2017 

See Accountant's Audit Report and Notes to the Financial Statements 

 

 

2018 

 

2017 

 

Revenues, net of Allowances and Returns 

 

0

 

0

 

Less: Cost of Revenues 

 

0

 

0

 

Total Gross Profit 

 

0

 

0

 

Selling, General and Administrative 

 

0

 

0

 

Total Income from Operations 

 

0

 

0

 

Other Income and Expense 

 

0

 

0

 

Total Income before Taxes 

 

0

 

0

 

Provision/(Benefit) for Income Taxes 

 

0

 

NET INCOME 

 

0

 

0

 

 
F-5
 
Table of Contents

  

Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

Statement of Changes in Members’ Equity or Deficit

For the calendar year period 2018 and for the period May 16, 2017 (inception) through December 31, 2017 

See Accountant's Audit Report and Notes to the Financial Statements

 

 

Class A Interests

 

Class B Interests

 

Additional Paid-in

 

Accumulated Earnings/

 

%

 

$ Amount

 

%

 

$ Amount

 

Capital

 

(Deficit)

 

Total

 

Balance at May 16, 2017 (inception) 

 

0

 

$

0

 

0

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

Founders’ interests 

 

100

%

 

0

 

0

 

Period Net Income 

 

0

 

0

 

Balance at December 31, 2017 

 

100

%

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

Period Income 

 

Balance at December 31, 2018 

 

100

%

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

$

0

 

 
F-6
 
Table of Contents

  

Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

Statement of Cash Flows

For the calendar year period 2018 and for the period May 16, 2017 (inception) through December 31, 2017 

See Accountant's Audit Report and Notes to the Financial Statements

 

 

2018

 

2017

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATIONS 

 

Net Income 

 

0

 

0

 

Increase in Deferred Issuance Costs 

 

0

 

(25,000

)

Other Adjustments to Net Income 

 

0

 

0

 

TOTAL CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATIONS 

 

0

 

(25,000

)

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

 

None 

 

0

 

0

 

TOTAL CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

 

0

 

0

 

CASH FLOWS FROM MEMBERS’ FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

 

Proceeds from Manager Loan 

 

0

 

30,000

 

CASH FLOWS FROM MEMBERS’ FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

 

0

 

30,000

 

NET CHANGE IN CASH POSITION 

 

0

 

5,000

 

Cash, beginning of period 

 

5,000

 

0

 

Cash, end of period 

 

5,000

 

5,000

 

Interest Paid 

 

0

 

0

 

Taxes Paid 

 

0

 

0

 

 
F-7
 
Table of Contents

  

Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

Notes and Additional Disclosures to the Financial Statements

For the calendar year 2018 and the inception period May 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017

See Accountant’s Audit Report

 

Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Corporate Structure

 

(a) Summary – Paradyme Equities, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of California, (the “Company”) is an early-stage investment limited liability company established by the manager to invest in real estate investments. The Company is headquartered in California.

 

The Company has not yet begun operations as it is still progressing through the regulatory and capital raising stage. It has not yet made any investments and has not yet accepted any investor capital aside from a loan from an affiliate for expenses associated with the efforts of seeking regulatory and legal approvals.

 

The Company is seeking an exemption from securities registration under Title IV of the JOBS Act. If approved, the Company may issue securities up to $50 million in value.

 

(b) Methods of Accounting and Basis for Presentation – The Company prepares the financial statements in accordance with US generally accepted accounting principles which includes usage of the accrual method of accounting to match expenses with the period in which they are associated with revenue.

 

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company also conform to Article 8 of Regulation S-X of the regulations promulgated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

The Company has elected to adopt early application of the Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-10, “Development Stage Entities (Topic 915): Elimination of Certain Financial Reporting Requirements.” The Company does not present or disclose certain items otherwise required under Topic 915.

 

(c) Estimates – The Company prepares the financial statements in accordance with US generally accepted accounting principles which requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and costs as of the date of the financial statements. Actual results are reconciled with these estimates as they occur, but they may differ from initial reporting.

 

 
F-8
 
Table of Contents

 

(d) Comparative Financial Statements – Under US generally accepted accounting principles and applicable presentation standards, financial statements are presented in a comparative fashion with prior periods. Years presented herein comply with the disclosure requirements under Title IV of the JOBS Act.

 

(e) Revenue Recognition – The Company recognizes revenue and costs in accordance with US generally accepted accounting principles.

 

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Statements Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09 which significantly updates the standards for revenue recognition for all entities, public, private and not-for- profit, that have contracts with customers to provide goods or services. For private entities, such as the Company, the effective date for implementation of these new standards is for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. No pro-forma or early adoption of these new revenue recognition standards has been implemented by the Company.

 

(f) Cash and Cash Equivalents – As of the reporting period, the Company has established a bank account with a well known national bank where the account is FDIC insured. As of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company has cash on hand of $5,000.

  

(g) Accounts or Investments Receivable – As of the reporting period, the Company does not have any account receivable or investor capital commitments receivable.

 

(h) Fair Value of Financial Instruments - The Company discloses fair value information about financial instruments based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management. As of the balance sheet date, there were no financial instruments outstanding.

 

(i) Deferred Offering Costs - The Company complies with the requirements of ASC 340-10. The Deferred Offering Costs of the Company consist solely of legal fees incurred in connection with the capital raising efforts of the Company. Under ASC 340-10, costs incurred are capitalized until the offering whereupon the offering costs are charged to members’ equity or expensed. During the period, the Company incurred $25,000 in legal costs associated with the capital raise mentioned above.

 

(j) Start-Up Costs - In accordance with ASC 720, costs related to start-up activities, including organizational costs, are expensed in the period incurred. The Company has incurred any Start-Up Costs as of the balance sheet dates. However, in conjunction with the Company’s capital raising efforts, the Company will continue to incur marketing, office and professional expenses.

  

(k) Income Taxes – The Company will be treated as a flow-through entity for federal and State income tax purposes under the Internal Revenue Code. As such, the Company must allocate items of income, loss, deduction and credit to its shareholders and is not, itself, liable for federal income taxes. The Company will record a provision for income taxes for certain state income tax liabilities, if appropriate.

 

At this time, no activity of the Company requires a provision for state income tax. 

 

 
F-9
 
Table of Contents

 

Note 2 – Manager Loan

 

The Company has recorded a loan payable from the manager for purposes of funding the Company for expenses associated with seeking the securities registration exemption described above. The manager or an affiliate of the Company paid these expenses on behalf of the Company. The Company is obligated to repay these amounts from investor funds raised or profits from investments as soon as prudent. The affiliate company has agreed not to charge the Company interest for these amounts. The Company has borrowed $30,000 as of the balance sheet date.

  

Note 3 – Line of Credit and Other Liabilities

 

The Company has not borrowed from any creditor other than the Manager Loan described above.

 

Note 4 – Related Party Transactions

 

The operating agreement of the Company governs the relationship between the Company, its members and the manager. The operating agreement specifically allows for certain related party transactions and cautions members that such transactions may or may not be negotiated at an arm’s length.

 

As of the reporting date, the only related party transactions entered into by the Company is that of the Manager Loan, discussed in Note 2, above.

 

Note 5 – Going Concern

 

The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in the next twelve months is dependent upon its ability to obtain capital financing from outside investors sufficient to execute upon the Company’s planned real estate development and investment activities. No assurance can be given that the Company will be able to successfully raise capital or continue as a going concern.

 

The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

  

Note 6 – Subsequent Events

 

The Company has evaluated subsequent events for recognition and disclosure through April 10, 2019 including adoption or implementation of any required accounting standard updates. Aside from raising up to $50,000,000 in capital under Regulation A, no other subsequent events require disclosure.

 

 
F-10
 
 

  

PART III — EXHIBITS

 

Item 1. Index to Exhibits

 

 

1.

Articles of Organization

 

2.

Operating Agreement

 

3.

Subscription Agreement

 

4.

Consent

 

5.

Opinion re: Legality

 

6.

Tax Opinion

 

 

70

 
 

  

SIGNATURE

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation A, the issuer certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 1-A and has duly caused this offering statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Temecula, State of California, on June 28, 2019.

 

Manager Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

 

/s/ Ryan Garland

 

Ryan Garland, CEO of Paradyme Funding, Inc.

 

Manager

 

This offering statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

 

/s/ Ryan Garland

 

Ryan Garland, CEO of Paradyme Funding, Inc.

 

Manager

 

 

71

 

EX1A-2A CHARTER 3 paradyme_ex2.htm ARTICLES OF ORGANIZATION paradyme_ex2.htm

EXHIBIT 2

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

2

 

EX1A-4 SUBS AGMT 4 paradyme_ex4.htm SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT paradyme_ex4.htm

EXHIBIT 4

 

SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT

 

SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT (the “Subscription Agreement”) made as of this day of ____, 2017, by and between Paradyme Equities, LLC a California limited liability company (the “Issuer”), and the undersigned (the “Subscriber”).

 

WHEREAS, pursuant to an Offering Circular dated ____, 2017 (the “Offering Circular”), the Issuer is offering in a Regulation A offering (the “Offering”) to investors up to 50,000 Class A Preferred Interests (“Interests”) at a purchase price of $1,000.00 per Unit for a maximum aggregate purchase price of $50,000,000 (the “Maximum Offering”).

 

WHEREAS, the Subscriber desires to subscribe for the number and class of Interests set forth on the signature page hereof, on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants hereinafter set forth, the parties hereto do hereby agree as follows:

 

 

I.

SUBSCRIPTION FOR AND REPRESENTATIONS AND COVENANTS OF SUBSCRIBER

 

1.1 Subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth, the Subscriber hereby subscribes for and agrees to purchase from the Issuer the number of Interests set forth on the signature page hereof, at a price equal to $1,000.00 per Unit, and the Issuer agrees to sell such Interests to the Subscriber for said purchase price, subject to the Issuer’s right to sell to the Subscriber such lesser number of (or no) Interests as the Issuer may, in its sole discretion, deem necessary or desirable. The purchase price is payable by wire or by check payable to the Issuer.

 

1.2 The Subscriber has full power and authority to enter into and deliver this Subscription Agreement and to perform its/his/her obligations hereunder, and the execution, delivery and performance of this Subscription Agreement has been duly authorized, if applicable, and this Subscription Agreement constitutes a valid and legally binding obligation of the Subscriber.

 

1.3 The Subscriber acknowledges receipt of the Offering Circular, all supplements to the Offering Circular, and all other documents furnished in connection with this transaction by the Issuer (collectively, the “Offering Documents”).

 

1.4 The Subscriber recognizes that the purchase of the Interests involves a high degree of risk in that (i) an investment in the Issuer is highly speculative and only investors who can afford the loss of their entire investment should consider investing in the Issuer and the Interests; (ii) the Interests are being sold pursuant to an exemption under Regulation A issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), but they are not registered under the Act or any state securities law; (iii) there is only a limited trading market for the Interests, and there is no assurance that a more active one will ever develop, and thus, the Subscriber may not be able to liquidate his, her or its investment; and (iv) an investor could suffer the loss of his, her or its entire investment.

 

 
1
 
 

 

1.5 The Subscriber is an “accredited investor,” as such term is defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Act, and the Subscriber is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Interests OR the purchase price tendered by Subscriber does not exceed 10% of the greater of the Subscriber’s annual income or net worth.

 

1.6 The Subscriber is not relying on the Issuer or its affiliates or agents with respect to economic considerations involved in this investment. The Subscriber has relied on the advice of, or has consulted with, only his, her or its Advisors, if any. Each Advisor, if any, is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in the Interests as such are described in the Offering Circular, and each Advisor, if any, has disclosed to the Subscriber in writing (a copy of which is annexed to this Subscription Agreement) the specific details of any and all past, present or future relationships, actual or contemplated, between the Advisor and the Issuer.

 

1.7 The Subscriber has prior investment experience (including investment in non-listed and non-registered securities), has (together with his, her or its Advisors, if any) such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Interests. The Subscriber’s overall commitment to investments, which are not readily marketable, is not disproportionate to the Subscriber’s net worth, and the Subscriber’s investment in the Interests will not cause such overall commitment to become excessive. The Subscriber, if an individual, has adequate means of providing for his or her current needs and personal and family contingencies and has no need for liquidity in his or her investment in the Interests. The Subscriber is financially able to bear the economic risk of this investment, including the ability to afford holding the Interests for an indefinite period or a complete loss of this investment. If other than an individual, the Subscriber also represents it has not been organized solely for the purpose of acquiring the Interests.

 

1.8 The Subscriber acknowledges that any estimates or forward-looking statements or projections included in the Offering Circular were prepared by the management of the Issuer in good faith, but that the attainment of any such projections, estimates or forward-looking statements cannot be guaranteed by the Issuer, its management or its affiliates and should not be relied upon.

 

1.9 The Subscriber acknowledges that the purchase of the Interests may involve tax consequences to the Subscriber and that the contents of the Offering Documents do not contain tax advice. The Subscriber acknowledges that the Subscriber must retain his, her or its own professional Advisors to evaluate the tax and other consequences to the Subscriber of an investment in the Interests. The Subscriber acknowledges that it is the responsibility of the Subscriber to determine the appropriateness and the merits of a corporate entity to own the Subscriber’s Interests and the corporate structure of such entity.

 

1.10 The Subscriber acknowledges that the Offering Circular and this Offering have not been reviewed by the SEC or any state securities commission, and that no federal or state agency has made any finding or determination regarding the fairness or merits of the Offering or confirmed the accuracy or determined the adequacy of the Offering Circular. Any representation to the contrary is a crime.

 

 
2
 
 

 

1.11 The Subscriber represents, warrants and agrees that the Interests are being purchased for his, her or its own beneficial account and not with a view toward distribution or resale to others. The Subscriber understands that the Issuer is under no obligation to register the Interests on his, her or its behalf or to assist them in complying with any exemption from registration under applicable state securities laws.

 

1.12 The Subscriber understands that the Interests have not been registered under the Act by reason of a claimed exemption under the provisions of the Act which depends, in part, upon his, her or its investment intention. The Subscriber realizes that, in the view of the SEC, a purchase with an intent to resell would represent a purchase with an intent inconsistent with his, her or its representation to the Issuer, and the SEC might regard such a sale or disposition as a deferred sale, for which such exemption is not available. The Subscriber does not have any such intentions.

 

1.13 The Subscriber agrees to indemnify and hold the Issuer, its directors, officers and controlling persons and their respective heirs, representatives, successors and assigns harmless against all liabilities, costs and expenses incurred by them as a result of any misrepresentation made by the Subscriber herein or as a result of any sale or distribution by the Subscriber in violation of the Act (including, without limitation, the rules promulgated thereunder), any state securities laws, or the Issuer’s Restated Certificate of Organization and Operating Agreement, as amended from time to time.

 

1.14 The Subscriber understands that the Issuer will review and rely on this Subscription Agreement without making any independent investigation; and it is agreed that the Issuer reserves the unrestricted right to reject or limit any subscription and to withdraw the Offering at any time.

 

1.15 The Subscriber hereby represents that the address of the Subscriber furnished at the end of this Subscription Agreement is the Subscriber’s principal residence, if the Subscriber is an individual, or its principal business address, if it is a corporation or other entity.

 

1.16 The Subscriber acknowledges that if the Subscriber is a Registered Representative of a Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) member firm, the Subscriber must give such firm the notice required by FINRA’s Conduct Rules, receipt of which must be acknowledged by such firm on the signature page hereof.

 

1.17 The Subscriber hereby acknowledges that neither the Issuer nor any persons associated with the Issuer who may provide assistance or advice in connection with the Offering are or are expected to be members or associated persons of members of FINRA or registered broker-dealers under any federal or state securities laws.

 

1.18 The Subscriber hereby represents that, except as expressly set forth in the Offering Documents, no representations or warranties have been made to the Subscriber by the Issuer or by any agent, sub-agent, officer, employee or affiliate of the Issuer and, in entering into this transaction, the Subscriber is not relying on any information other than that contained in the Offering Documents and the results of independent investigation by the Subscriber.

 

 
3
 
 

 

1.19 No oral or written representations have been made, or oral or written information furnished, to the Subscriber or his, her or its Advisors, if any, in connection with the offering of the Interests which are in any way inconsistent with the information contained in the Offering Documents.

 

1.20 All information provided by the Subscriber in the Investor Questionnaire attached to this Subscription Agreement is true and accurate in all respects, and the Subscriber acknowledges that the Issuer will be relying on such information to its possible detriment in deciding whether the Issuer can sell these securities to the Subscriber without giving rise to the loss of the exemption from registration under applicable securities laws.

 

1.21 The Subscriber is unaware of, is in no way relying on, and did not become aware of the offering of the Interests through or as a result of, any form of general solicitation or general advertising including, without limitation, any article, notice, advertisement or other communication published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio, or electronic mail over the Internet, in connection with the offering and sale of the Interests and is not subscribing for Interests and did not become aware of the offering of the Interests through or as a result of any seminar or meeting to which the Subscriber was invited by, or any solicitation of a subscription by, a person not previously known to the Subscriber in connection with investments in securities generally.

 

1.22 The Subscriber has taken no action which would give rise to any claim by any person for brokerage commissions, finders, fees or the like relating to this Subscription Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.

 

1.23 The Subscriber is not relying on the Issuer, or any of its employees, agents or sub-agents with respect to the legal, tax, economic and related considerations of an investment in the Interests, and the Subscriber has relied on the advice of, or has consulted with, only his, her or its own Advisors, if any.

 

1.24 (For ERISA plans only) The fiduciary of the ERISA plan (the “Plan”) represents that such fiduciary has been informed of and understands the Issuer’s business objectives, policies and strategies, and that the decision to invest “plan assets” (as such term is defined in ERISA) in the Issuer is consistent with the provisions of ERISA that require diversification of plan assets and impose other fiduciary responsibilities. The subscriber or Plan fiduciary (a) is responsible for the decision to invest in the Issuer; (b) is independent of the Issuer and any of its affiliates; (c) is qualified to make such investment decision; and (d) in making such decision, the subscriber or Plan fiduciary has not relied primarily on any advice or recommendation of the Issuer or any of its affiliates or its agents.

 

1.25 The foregoing representations, warranties and agreements shall survive the Closing.

 

 

II.

REPRESENTATIONS BY THE ISSUER

 

The Issuer represents and warrants to the Subscriber that as of the date of the closing of this Offering (the “Closing Date”):

 

2.1 The Issuer is a limited liability company duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of California, authorized to do business in the State of California and has the corporate power to conduct the business which it conducts and proposes to conduct.

 

 
4
 
 

 

2.2 The execution, delivery and performance of this Subscription Agreement by the Issuer have been duly authorized by the Issuer and all other corporate action required to authorize and consummate the offer and sale of the Interests has been duly taken and approved. This Subscription Agreement is valid, binding and enforceable against the Issuer in accordance with its terms; except as enforcement may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium or similar laws or by legal or equitable principles relating to or limiting creditors’ rights generally, the availability of equity remedies, or public policy as to the enforcement of certain provisions, such as indemnification provisions.

 

2.3 The Interests have been duly and validly authorized and issued.

 

2.4 The Issuer knows of no pending or threatened legal or governmental proceedings to which the Issuer is a party which would materially adversely affect the business, financial condition or operations of the Issuer.

 

 

III.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION

 

3.1 Subject to Section 3.2 hereof, the subscription period will begin as of the date of the Offering Circular and will terminate at 11:59 PM Eastern Time, on the earlier of the date on which the Maximum Offering is sold or one (1) year from the commencement date or the date the Offering is terminated by the Issuer (the “Termination Date”).

 

3.2 The Subscriber has effected a wire transfer in the full amount of the purchase price for the Interests to the Issuer or has delivered a check in payment of the purchase price for the Interests.

 

3.3 The Subscriber hereby authorizes and directs the Issuer to deliver or cause the delivery of any certificates or other written instruments representing the Interests to be issued to such Subscriber pursuant to this Subscription Agreement to the address indicated on the signature page hereof.

 

3.4 If the Subscriber is not a United States person, such Subscriber shall immediately notify the Issuer, and the Subscriber hereby represents that the Subscriber is satisfied as to the full observance of the laws of its jurisdiction in connection with any invitation to subscribe for the Interests or any use of this Subscription Agreement, including (i) the legal requirements within its jurisdiction for the purchase of the Interests, (ii) any foreign exchange restrictions applicable to such purchase, (iii) any governmental or other consents that may need to be obtained, and (iv) the income tax and other tax consequences, if any, that may be relevant to the purchase, holding, redemption, sale or transfer of the Interests. Such Subscriber’s subscription and payment for, and continued beneficial ownership of, the Interests will not violate any applicable securities or other laws of the Subscriber’s jurisdiction.

 

 
5
 
 

 

 

IV.

NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS

 

4.1 THE UNITS HAVE BEEN QUALIFIED UNDER REGULATION A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933. THE UNITS HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SEC, ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION OR OTHER REGULATORY AUTHORITY, NOR HAVE ANY OF THE FOREGOING AUTHORITIES PASSED UPON OR ENDORSED THE MERITS OF THIS OFFERING OR THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THE MEMORANDUM. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS UNLAWFUL.

 

4.2 FOR NON-U.S. RESIDENTS ONLY: NO ACTION HAS BEEN OR WILL BE TAKEN IN ANY JURISDICTION OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THAT WOULD PERMIT AN OFFERING OF THESE SECURITIES, OR POSSESSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF OFFERING MATERIAL IN CONNECTION WITH THE ISSUE OF THESE SECURITIES, IN ANY COUNTRY OR JURISDICTION WHERE ACTION FOR THAT PURPOSE IS REQUIRED. IT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF ANY PERSON WISHING TO PURCHASE THESE SECURITIES TO SATISFY HIMSELF AS TO FULL OBSERVANCE OF THE LAWS OF ANY RELEVANT TERRITORY OUTSIDE THE UNTIED STATES OF AMERICA IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SUCH PURCHASE, INCLUDING OBTAINING ANY REQUIRED GOVERNMENTAL OR OTHER CONSENTS OR OBSERVING ANY OTHER APPLICABLE FORMALITIES.

 

 

V.

MISCELLANEOUS

 

5.1 Any notice or other communication given hereunder shall be deemed sufficient if in writing and sent by reputable overnight courier, facsimile (with receipt of confirmation) or registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, addressed to the Issuer, at the address set forth in the first paragraph hereof, Attention: Managing Member, and to the Subscriber at the address or facsimile number indicated on the signature page hereof. Notices shall be deemed to have been given on the date when mailed or sent by facsimile transmission or overnight courier, except notices of change of address, which shall be deemed to have been given when received.

 

5.2 This Subscription Agreement shall not be changed, modified or amended except by a writing signed by the parties against whom such modification or amendment is to be charged, and this Subscription Agreement may not be discharged except by performance in accordance with its terms or by a writing signed by the party to be charged.

 

5.3 This Subscription Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and to their respective heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns. This Subscription Agreement sets forth the entire agreement and understanding between the parties as to the subject matter hereof and merges and supersedes all prior discussions, agreements and understandings of any and every nature among them.

 

5.4 Notwithstanding the place where this Subscription Agreement may be executed by any of the parties hereto, the parties expressly agree that all the terms and provisions hereof shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of California. The parties hereby agree that any dispute which may arise between them arising out of or in connection with this Subscription Agreement shall be adjudicated only before a Federal court located in Los Angeles, CA, and they hereby submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the federal courts located in Los Angeles, CA with respect to any action or legal proceeding commenced by any party, and irrevocably waive any objection they now or hereafter may have respecting the venue of any such action or proceeding brought in such a court or respecting the fact that such court is an inconvenient forum, relating to or arising out of this Subscription Agreement or any acts or omissions relating to the sale of the securities hereunder, and consent to the service of process in any such action or legal proceeding by means of registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, in care of the address set forth below or such other address as the Subscriber shall furnish in writing to the other. The parties further agree that in the event of any dispute, action, suit or other proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Subscription Agreement, the Offering Circular or other matters related to this subscription brought by a Subscriber (or transferee), the Issuer (and each other defendant) shall recover all of such party’s attorneys’ fees and costs incurred in each and every action, suit or other proceeding, including any and all appeals or petitions therefrom. As used herein, attorney’s fees shall be deemed to mean the full and actual costs of any investigation and of legal services actually performed in connection with the matters involved, calculated on the basis of the usual fee charged by the attorneys performing such services.

 

 
6
 
 

 

5.5 This Subscription Agreement may be executed in counterparts. Upon the execution and delivery of this Subscription Agreement by the Subscriber, this Subscription Agreement shall become a binding obligation of the Subscriber with respect to the purchase of Interests as herein provided; subject, however, to the right hereby reserved by the Issuer to (i) enter into the same agreements with other subscribers, (ii) add and/or delete other persons as subscribers and (iii) reduce the amount of or reject any subscription.

 

5.6 The holding of any provision of this Subscription Agreement to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction shall not affect any other provision of this Subscription Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

5.7 It is agreed that a waiver by either party of a breach of any provision of this Subscription Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any subsequent breach by that same party.

 

5.8 The parties agree to execute and deliver all such further documents, agreements and instruments and take such other and further actions as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Subscription Agreement.

 

[Signature Pages Follow]

 

 
7
 
 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Subscription Agreement as of the day and year first written above.

 

 

 

X $__________ for each Unit

= $_________ .

 

Number of Interests subscribed for

Aggregate Purchase Price

 

Manner in which Title is to be held (Please Check One):

 

 

 

1.

 

Individual

7.

 

Trust/Estate/Pension or Profit Sharing Plan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Date Opened:

 

 

2.

 

Joint Tenants with Right of Survivorship

8.

 

As a Custodian for

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Under the Uniform Gift to Minors Act of the State of

 

 

 

 

 

3.

 

Community Property

9.

 

Married with Separate Property

 

 

4.

 

Tenants in Common

10.

 

Keogh

 

 

5.

 

Corporation/Partnership/ Limited Liability Company

11.

 

Tenants by the Entirety

 

 

6.

 

IRA

12.

 

Foundation described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

IF MORE THAN ONE SUBSCRIBER, EACH SUBSCRIBER MUST SIGN

 

 
8
 
 

 

EXECUTION BY NATURAL PERSONS

 

 

Exact Name in Which Title is to be Held

 

 

 

 

Name (Please Print)

Name of Additional Subscriber

 

 

 

 

Residence: Number and Street

Address of Additional Subscriber

 

 

 

 

City, State and Zip Code

City, State and Zip Code

 

 

 

 

Social Security Number

Social Security Number

 

 

 

 

Telephone Number

Telephone Number

 

 

 

 

Fax Number (if available)

Fax Number (if available)

 

 

 

 

E-Mail (if available)

E-Mail (if available)

 

 

 

 

(Signature)

(Signature of Additional Subscriber)

 

ACCEPTED this day of 2017, on behalf of Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

 

By:

 

 

Name:

 

Title:

 

 
9
 
 

 

EXECUTION BY SUBSCRIBER WHICH IS AN ENTITY

 

(Corporation, Partnership, Trust, Etc.)

  

 

 

Name of Entity (Please Print)

 

Date of Incorporation or Organization: ________________________________________

 

State of Principal Office: ___________________________________________________

 

Federal Taxpayer Identification Number: _______________________________________

 

 

 

 

 

Office Address

 

 

 

 

 

City, State and Zip Code

 

 

 

 

 

Telephone Number

 

 

 

 

 

Fax Number (if available)

 

 

 

 

 

E-Mail (if available)

 

 

[seal]

       

 

 

 

By:

 

 

Attest: 

  Name:  

(If Entity is a Corporation)

  Title:  

 

     

* If Subscriber is a Registered Representative with a FINRA member firm, have the following acknowledgement signed by the appropriate party:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The undersigned FINRA member firm acknowledges receipt of the notice required by Rule 3050 of the FINRA Conduct Rules

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ACCEPTED this day of 2017, on behalf of Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

Name of FINRA Firm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

By:

 

 

Name:

 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 
10
 
 

 

INVESTOR QUESTIONNAIRE

 

Instructions: Check all boxes below which correctly describe you.

 

·

You are (i) a bank, as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), (ii) a savings and loan association or other institution, as defined in Section 3(a)(5)(A) of the Securities Act, whether acting in an individual or fiduciary capacity, (iii) a broker or dealer registered pursuant to Section 15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), (iv) an insurance company as defined in Section 2(13) of the Securities Act, (v) an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), (vi) a business development company as defined in Section 2(a)(48) of the Investment Company Act, (vii) a Small Business Investment Company licensed by the U.S. Small Business Administration under Section 301 (c) or (d) of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958, as amended, (viii) a plan established and maintained by a state, its political subdivisions, or an agency or instrumentality of a state or its political subdivisions, for the benefit of its employees and you have total assets in excess of $5,000,000, or (ix) an employee benefit plan within the meaning of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”) and (1) the decision that you shall subscribe for and purchase Interests (the “Interests”) of Paradyme Equities, LLC is made by a plan fiduciary, as defined in Section 3(21) of ERISA, which is either a bank, savings and loan association, insurance company, or registered investment adviser, (2) you have total assets in excess of $5,000,000 and the decision that you shall subscribe for and purchase the Interests is made solely by persons or entities that are accredited investors, as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act (“Regulation D”) or (3) you are a self-directed plan and the decision that you shall subscribe for and purchase the Interests is made solely by persons or entities that are accredited investors.

 

·

You are a private business development company as defined in Section 202(a)(22) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.

 

·

You are an organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), a corporation, Massachusetts or similar business trust or a partnership, in each case not formed for the specific purpose of making an investment in the Interests and with total assets in excess of $5,000,000.

 

·

You are a director or executive officer of Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

·

You are a natural person whose individual net worth, or joint net worth with your spouse, exceeds $1,000,000 at the time of your subscription for and purchase of the Interests, excluding your primary residence as an asset and any indebtedness that is secured by your primary residence, up to the estimated fair market value of the primary residence at this time, as a liability (except that if the amount of the indebtedness secured by your primary residence at this time exceeds the amount of such indebtedness outstanding 60 days earlier, other than as a result of the purchase of the primary residence, the amount of the excess must be included as a liability) and any indebtedness that is secured by your primary residence which is more than the estimated fair market value of your primary residence at this time must also be included as a liability.

 

·

You are a natural person who had an individual income in excess of $200,000 in each of the two most recent years or joint income with your spouse in excess of $300,000 in each of the two most recent years, and who has a reasonable expectation of reaching the same income level in the current year.

 

·

You are a trust, with total assets in excess of $5,000,000, not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the Interests, whose subscription for and purchase of the Interests is directed by a sophisticated person as described in Rule 506(b)(2)(ii) of Regulation D.

 

·

You are an entity in which all of the equity owners are persons or entities described in one of the preceding paragraphs.

 

 

·

None of the above describes you. Your net worth is $_______________________________

 

Are you associated with a FINRA Member Firm? ¨ Yes ¨ No

 

 
11
 
 

 

Your initials (purchaser and co-purchaser, if applicable) are required for each item below:

 

 

 

 

I/We understand that this investment is not guaranteed.

 

 

 

 

 

I/We are aware that this investment is not liquid.

 

 

 

 

 

I/We are sophisticated in financial and business affairs and are able to evaluate the risks and merits of an investment in this offering.

 

 

 

 

 

I/We confirm that this investment is considered “high risk.” (This type of investment is considered high risk due to the inherent risks including lack of liquidity and lack of diversification. Success or failure of private placements such as this is dependent on the issuer of these securities and is outside the control of the investors. While potential loss is limited to the amount invested, such loss is possible.)

 

The Subscriber hereby represents and warrants that all of its answers to this Investor Questionnaire are true as of the date of its execution of the Subscription Agreement pursuant to which it purchased Interests of the Issuer.

 

Name of Purchaser [please print]

Name of Co-Purchaser [please print]

 

 

Signature of Purchaser (Entities please provide signature of Purchaser’s duly authorized signatory.)

Signature of Co-Purchaser

 

 

Name of Signatory (Entities only)

 

 

Title of Signatory (Entities only)

12

 

EX1A-6 MAT CTRCT 5 paradyme_ex6.htm OPERATING AGREEMENT paradyme_ex6.htm

EXHIBIT 6

 

Company Agreement

Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

A California Limited Liability Company 

Amended and Restated May 1, 2019

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 

 

Table of Contents

 

1.

Formation, Name, Purposes

 

1

 

1.1

California Limited Liability Company

 

 

1

 

1.2

Name

 

 

1

 

1.3

Place of Business

 

 

2

 

1.4

Manager

 

 

2

 

1.5

Manager’s Compensation

 

 

2

 

1.6

Members

 

 

2

 

1.7

Nature of Members’ Interests

 

 

3

 

1.8

Intent to Be Treated as a Partnership

 

 

3

 

1.9

Nature of Business

 

 

3

 

1.10

Objectives

 

 

3

 

1.11

Term

 

 

4

 

1.12

Registered Agent

 

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.

Capitalization of the Company

 

 

4

 

2.1

Member Classes

 

 

4

 

2.2

Percentage Interests

 

 

5

 

2.3

Capital Calls; Default of Member

 

 

5

 

2.4

Time of Capital Contributions; Withdrawal Not Permitted

 

 

6

 

2.5

Capital Accounts

 

 

6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.

Manager Advances and Member Loans

 

 

6

 

3.1

Manager Advances

 

 

6

 

3.2

Member Loans

 

 

7

 

3.3

Right and Priority of Repayment

 

 

7

 

3.4

Third Party Loans

 

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.

Cash Distributions to Members

 

 

7

 

4.2

Cash Distributions from Capital Transactions

 

 

9

 

4.3

Cash Distributions on Dissolution and Termination

 

 

9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.

Manager’s Compensation

 

 

10

 

5.1

Expense Reimbursement

 

 

10

 

5.2

Fees Paid to Manager and/or Third Parties

 

 

10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6.

Rights and Duties of Manager

 

 

11

 

6.1

Management

 

 

11

 

6.2

Number of Managers, Tenure, and Qualifications

 

 

11

 

6.3

Authority of the Manager

 

 

11

 

6.4

Major Decisions; Restrictions on Authority of Manager

 

 

12

 

6.5

Employment of Affiliated or Unaffiliated Service Providers

 

 

13

 

6.6

Delegation of Duties

 

 

13

 

6.7

Consultation; Quarterly Reports

 

 

13

 

6.8

Manager’s Reliance on Information Provided by Others

 

 

13

 

6.9

Fiduciary Duties of Manager

 

 

13

 

6.10

Limited Liability of the Members and the Manager

 

 

14

 

6.11

Indemnification of the Manager and the Members

 

 

15

 

6.12

Liability Insurance

 

 

15

 

6.13

Manager Has No Exclusive Duty to Company

 

 

16

 

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

Company Agreement

 
i
 
 

 

7.

Rights and Obligations of Members

 

 

16

 

7.1

Limitation of Liability

 

 

16

 

7.2

Company Debt Liability

 

 

17

 

7.3

Authority of the Members; Summary of Voting Rights

 

 

17

 

7.4

Participation

 

 

17

 

7.5

Deadlock

 

 

17

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8.

Resignation or Removal of the Manager

 

 

18

 

8.1

Resignation

 

 

18

 

8.2

Removal Process; Notice to Perform

 

 

18

 

8.3

Reasons for Removal; Good Cause Defined

 

 

18

 

8.4

Removal Notice Requirements

 

 

19

 

8.5

Effect of Resignation or Removal on Manager’s Cash Distributions and Fees

 

 

20

 

8.6

Applicability of Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure

 

 

20

 

8.7

Vacancies

 

 

20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9.

Meetings of Members

 

 

21

 

9.1

Annual Meeting

 

 

21

 

9.2

Meetings

 

 

21

 

9.3

Place of Meetings

 

 

21

 

9.4

Notice of Meetings

 

 

21

 

9.5

Meeting of all Members

 

 

21

 

9.6

Record Date

 

 

21

 

9.7

Quorum

 

 

22

 

9.8

Manner of Acting

 

 

22

 

9.9

Proxies

 

 

22

 

9.10

Action by Members without a Meeting

 

 

22

 

9.11

Electronic Meetings

 

 

22

 

9.12

Waiver of Notice

 

 

23

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.

Fiscal Year, Books and Records, Bank Accounts, Tax Matters

 

 

23

 

10.1

Fiscal Year

 

 

23

 

10.2

Company Books and Records

 

 

23

 

10.3

Bank Accounts

 

 

24

 

10.4

Reports and Statements

 

 

24

 

10.5

Tax Matters

 

 

24

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11.

Voluntary Transfer; Additional and Substitute Members

 

 

25

 

11.1

Voluntary Withdrawal, Resignation or Disassociation Prohibited

 

 

25

 

11.2

Admission of Additional Members

 

 

25

 

11.3

Transfer Prohibited Except as Expressly Authorized Herein

 

 

25

 

11.4

Conditions for Permissible Voluntary Transfer; Substitution

 

 

25

 

11.5

Voluntary Transfer; Right of First Refusal

 

 

26

 

11.6

Limited Withdrawal and Redemption Policy

 

 

28

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12.

Involuntary Transfer; Disassociation

 

 

29

 

12.1

Disassociation for Cause

 

 

29

 

12.2

Disassociation by Operation of Law

 

 

30

 

12.3

Effect of Disassociation

 

 

30

 

12.4

Sale and Valuation of a Disassociated Member’s Interest

 

 

31

 

12.5

Closing

 

 

32

 

12.6

Payment for a Disassociated Member’s Interest

 

 

32

 

12.7

Transfer of Economic Interest; Rights of an Involuntary Transferee

 

 

32

 


Paradyme Equities, LLC

Company Agreement

 
ii
 
 

  

13.

Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure

 

 

33

 

13.1

Notice of Disputes

 

 

33

 

13.2

Negotiation of Disputes

 

 

33

 

13.3

Mandatory Alternative Dispute Resolution

 

 

34

 

13.4

Mediation

 

 

35

 

13.5

Arbitration

 

 

35

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14.

Dissolution and Termination of the Company

 

 

36

 

14.1

Dissolution

 

 

36

 

14.2

Termination of a Member Does Not Require Dissolution

 

 

37

 

14.3

Procedure for Winding-Up

 

 

37

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15.

Miscellaneous Provisions

 

 

37

 

15.1

Notices

 

 

37

 

15.2

Amendments

 

 

37

 

15.3

Binding Effect

 

 

38

 

15.4

Construction

 

 

38

 

15.5

Time

 

 

38

 

15.6

Headings

 

 

38

 

15.7

Agreement Is Controlling

 

 

38

 

15.8

Severability

 

 

39

 

15.9

Incorporation by Reference

 

 

39

 

15.10

Additional Acts and Documents

 

 

39

 

15.11

California Law

 

 

39

 

15.12

Counterpart Execution

 

 

39

 

15.13

Merger

 

 

39

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix A: Member Signature and Contact Page

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix B: Table 1, Class A Members

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix B: Table 2, Class B Members

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix C: Capital Accounts and Allocations

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix D: Definitions

 

 

1

 

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

Company Agreement

 
iii
 
 

 

1. Formation, Name, Purposes

 

This Company Agreement (Agreement) is made and entered into as of the date executed below by and among those Persons whose names and addresses are set forth in Appendix A hereto (the Members), being the Members of Paradyme Equities, LLC, a California manager-managed limited liability company (the Company), and the Manager, each of whom represent and agree as follows:

 

1.1 California Limited Liability Company

 

Each of the signatories to this Agreement shall be referenced herein as a “Member” and collectively, as the “Members” as defined in Appendix D hereof.

 

The Manager has formed a manager-managed California limited liability company (the Company) by executing and delivering the Certificate of Formation to the California Secretary of State in accordance with the California Revised Uniform Limited Liability Company Act, as codified in the California Corporations Code, Title 2.6, §§17701 et seq. as may be amended from time to time. The rights and liabilities of the Members shall be as provided in the Act except as may be modified in this Agreement.

 

The Members acknowledge that under the applicable provisions of the Act, the Company may be either “member-managed” or “manager-managed,” and that they have specifically, by their signatures hereof, elected to form a manager-managed Company. Accordingly, management of the affairs of the Company shall be vested in the Manager of the Company, as set forth in Article 6 hereof, subject to any provisions of this Agreement (e.g., Articles 7 or 8), or in the Act restricting, enlarging or modifying the rights and duties of the Manager or management procedures.

 

The Members shall immediately, and from time to time hereafter, execute all documents and do all filing, recording, and other acts as may be required to comply with the operation of the Company under the Act.

 

1.2 Name

 

The name of the Company is Paradyme Equities, LLC, a California limited liability company.

 

 

REST OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

Company Agreement

 
1
 
 

 

1.3 Place of Business

 

The name of the Company is Paradyme Equities, LLC, a California limited liability company (the Company). The Company’s principal place of business is:

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

c/o Paradyme Funding, Inc.

Ryan Garland

43620 Ridge Park Dr Suite 200

Temecula, CA 92590

or such other place as the Manager shall determine

 

1.4 Manager

 

The initial Manager of the Company is Paradyme Funding, Inc., A California corporation (the Manager).

 

The address where all correspondence for the Manager should be sent is:

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

c/o Paradyme Funding, Inc.

Ryan Garland

43620 Ridge Park Dr Suite 200

Temecula, CA 92590

 

1.5 Manager’s Compensation

 

The Manager or its members shall receive an allocation of Profits and Losses and a right to Distributions from the Company in accordance with Articles 4 and 5 hereof. Further, they shall be reimbursed for all out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the organization of the Company.

 

1.6 Members

 

Each of the signatories to this Agreement shall be referenced herein as a “Member” and collectively, as the “Members” as defined in Appendix D hereof. The Members shall immediately, and from time to time hereafter, execute all documents and do all filing, recording, and other acts as may be required to comply with the operation of the Company under the Act.

 

Every Member will be required to complete, execute and return an original Signature Page of this Agreement, the form of which is attached hereto as Appendix A. The Manager will maintain an updated list of all Members as shown on Appendix B to this Agreement.

 

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1.7 Nature of Members’ Interests

 

The Interests of the Members in the Company shall be personal property for all purposes. Legal title to all Company Assets shall be held in the name of the Company. Neither any Member or a successor, representative, or assignee of such Member, shall have any right, title or interest in the Company’s Assets or the right to partition any real property owned by the Company. Interests may, but are not required to, be evidenced by a certificate of Membership Interest or Receipt and Acknowledgment issued by the Company, in such form as the Manager may determine.

 

1.8 Intent to Be Treated as a Partnership

 

It is the intent of the Manager and the Members that the Company shall always be operated in a manner consistent with its treatment as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. It is also the intent of the Members that the Company not be operated or treated as a partnership for purposes of section 303 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code. No Manager or Member shall take any action inconsistent with the express intent of the Members.

 

1.9 Nature of Business

 

The Company intends to invest in real estate and real estate related securities, such a mortgage loans made to real estate entrepreneurs and developers, including those entrepreneurs that are affiliated with the Manager or Company. Company may engage in any lawful business activity in which A California limited liability company may engage, except that the Company shall not engage in the trust company business or the business of banking or insurance. The Company may, in some circumstances, lend Company capital to an entity related or affiliated to the Manager or Company which will, create certain conflicts of interest.

 

1.10 Objectives

 

Through its investing activities, the Manager intends to accomplish the following objectives for the Members:

 

·Provide Members with real estate investment opportunities.

 

 

·Provide Members with limited liability.

 

 

·Provide Cash Distributions for the Members.

 

 

·Provide for self-liquidation of the investment.

 

 

·Allow the Class A Members minimal involvement in real estate management.

 

 

·Keep Members apprised of Company affairs.

 

1.11 Term

 

The Company commenced operations upon the filing of its Certificate of Formation and shall be perpetual unless sooner terminated under the provisions of Article 14 hereof.

 

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1.12 Registered Agent

 

The Company’s initial office and initial registered agent are provided in its Certificate of Formation. The Manager may change the registered agent (or such agent’s address) from time to time by causing the filing of the new address and/or name of the new registered agent in accordance with the Act. However, the Company shall, at all times, maintain a registered agent in the State of California who shall be authorized to accept service on behalf of the Company.

 

2. Capitalization of the Company

 

2.1 Member Classes

 

There are two (2) classes of Members, Class A and Class B. The Manager shall record the name and address of each of the Members in Appendix B to this Agreement. Member classes shall be allocated as provided below:

 

2.1.1 Class A Members

 

Investors who purchase Class A Units shall become Class A Members of the Company once admitted by the Manager.

 

The Capital Contributions of the Class A Members shall result in one hundred percent (100%) of the Capitalization of the Company, less the amount contributed by the Class B Members. Class A Members shall acquire ninety nine percent (99%) of the ownership Interests of the Company.

 

The minimum investment amount required of a Class A Investor is Twenty Thousand Dollars ($20,000) or Twenty (20) Units, however, the Manager reserves the right to accept less than the minimum investment amount from a single Class A Investor in order to achieve the maximum dollar amount of Interests to the Class A Investors, if less than the minimum investment amount required of each Class A Investor is needed to do so.

 

2.1.2 Class B Members

 

The Manager (or its members and/or their Affiliates) will retain ownership of one percent (1%) of the Interests in the Company in exchange for services to the Company. The Class B Interests shall be subordinate to the Class A Interests. The issuance of Class B Interests is irrevocable even if PARADYME FUNDING, INC. is removed or resigns as the Manager of the Company.

 

The Manager reserves the right to allow the Class B Members (or their members or Affiliates) to sell, grant, transfer, or convey a minority of the Class B Interests to others without permission of the Class A Members as long as doing so does not: a) dilute the Interests or percentage returns to the Class A Members, or b) allow any other Class B Member to exert management control over the Manager.

 

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PARADYME FUNDING, INC., its Affiliates or members (and/or their affiliates) may purchase Class A Units at such value as may be established from time to time on transfer of a Class A Member’s Interest per Articles 11 or 12 of this Agreement), but they may be allowed to invest less than the minimum investment amount required of other Class A Members, at the Manager’s sole discretion.

 

2.2 Percentage Interests

 

The Manager shall list the number of Units purchased and/or the dollar amount of each Member’s Capital Contribution and Percentage Interests in Appendix B. Percentage Interests of the Members will be calculated in relation to the other Members in their Member class or in relation to the total Interests.

 

2.3 Capital Calls; Default of Member

 

Although the Manager intends to raise sufficient money from Investors in order to purchase Properties or to make Loans to Borrowers, it is possible that the Manager may make a capital call in order to raise Additional Capital Contributions with which to achieve the Company’s objectives and policies as outlined in the Memorandum.

 

2.3.1 Additional Capital Contributions.

 

No Member shall be required to make an Additional Capital Contribution.

 

2.3.2 Cash Capital Contributions.

 

If any portion (an “Unpaid Portion”) of any Member’s Commitment consists of an obligation of such Member to contribute cash or property to the Company in the future, which obligation has not yet been discharged, the other Members may require such Member to contribute cash in an amount equal to the product of such Member’s Percentage Interest multiplied by all monies that in the judgment of the other Members are necessary to enable the Company to operate its business and maintain its assets and to discharge its costs, expenses, obligations, and liabilities; provided, however, that under no circumstances, shall a Member be obligated under this Section to contribute cash in an amount, in excess of the agreed value (as stated in Company’s records) of such Member’s Unpaid portion. Nothing contained in this Section is or shall be deemed to be for the benefit of any Person other than Members and the Company, and no such Person shall under any circumstances have any right to compel any actions or payments by the Members.

 

2.3.3 Failure to Contribute.

 

If a Member (“Delinquent Member”) does not contribute all or any portion of the Capital Contribution required pursuant to and at the time required by, such Member’s Commitment, the Company may sell additional interests in the Company to existing Members on a Right of First Refusal Basis at a rate of 1.5 times the value of the original investment. If the existing Members of the Company do not elect to participate in the purchase of additional interests, the Company may sell the interests to a third party at a rate of 1.5 times the value of the original investment. For example, if there is a Capital Call of $100,000 to which a Member is called to contribute 10%, and the Member fails to contribute, the dilution will actually count towards their Percentage Interest at a rate of 1.5 times the value and it will instead be attributed to the value of the purchasing Member or third party.

 

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2.4 Time of Capital Contributions; Withdrawal Not Permitted

 

Member Capital Contributions shall be made in full on admission to the Company. No portion of the capital of the Company may be withdrawn until dissolution of the Company, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement.

 

2.5 Capital Accounts

 

An individual Capital Account shall be maintained for each Member in accordance with Treasury Regulation section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv) and as further described in the attached Appendix C. Calculation of Member Percentage Interests will be determined on close of the offering to new Investors, and shall be calculated as described in Article 2.2 hereof.

 

3. Manager Advances and Member Loans

 

If required to protect or preserve the Company’s assets, the Manager has the sole discretion to apply other available Company funds to pay any Company obligations. However, if sufficient Company funds are not available, the Manager or one or more Members may loan funds to the Company subject to the following provisions:

 

3.1 Manager Advances

 

The Manager may, but is not required to loan its own funds or defer reimbursement of its out-of-pocket expenses as an Advance. The Company shall reimburse the Manager for any such Advance from the date of the loan or deferral as soon as is practical together with the simple annualized interest at ten percent (10%). Interest on Manager Advances shall be an expense of the Company when paid and shall accrue from the date of inception for a Manager loan, or from the date reimbursement was due for any Advance related to a deferred reimbursement.

 

3.2 Member Loans

 

Alternatively, the Manager may obtain a loan from one or more Members as and when necessary to continue the business of the Company, which shall earn ten percent (10%) per annum Interest from the date of inception.

 

3.3 Right and Priority of Repayment

 

Principal and interest payments for a Manager Advance or Member Loan will be paid as an expense of the Company as soon as sufficient Company funds are available, or held for longer in order to build up Company reserves, at the Manager’s sole discretion. A Manager or Member that makes a loan to the Company shall be deemed an unsecured creditor of the Company for the purpose of determining its right and priority of repayment of interest and principal of such Advance or Loan, and repayment of the Principal will be paid in the order the Advance or Loan was made.

 

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3.4 Third Party Loans

 

In the event of a failed capital call, or the unavailability of a Manager Advance or Member Loan, the Manager may obtain a loan and/or credit from one or more third parties as it deems appropriate to further the business objectives of the Company. Such loan shall be made to the Company on such terms as the Manager deems reasonable and appropriate after taking into account the urgency and need for the funds.

 

4. Cash Distributions to Members

 

Cash Flow, if any, derived from operation of the Company will be evaluated on a quarterly basis, and disbursed in the order provided below until expended.

 

4.1.1 Preferred Return

 

Subject to the further terms of the Agreement, until the time each Class A Member’s initial capital contribution is returned in full in accordance with Section 4.2 below as a result of the sale of the Company’s real property or disposition of Loans, the Manager may, in the Manager’s sole and reasonable discretion, distribute to each Class A Member, on a quarterly basis, an amount of cash necessary to provide each Class A Member with a pre-tax non-cumulative annual return of seven and a half percent (7.5%) (non-compounding) on the outstanding amount of each such Class A Member’s initial capital contribution. Distributions are expected to commence payments during the first quarter after the first anniversary date of the first Subscription Agreement accepted by the Company.

 

4.1.2 Distributions to the Class A and Class B Members

 

After the time that the Class A Members have received said seven and a half (7.5%) percent (non-compounding) annual pre-tax return on their initial capital contributions, plus any accrued but unpaid preferred returns from prior calendar years, the Manager may, in the Manager’s sole and reasonable discretion, seventy percent (70%) of the remaining Cash Flow available for distributions to the Class B Members and thirty percent (30%) to the Class A Members.

 

4.1.3 Distributions after Return of Initial Capital Contributions.

 

Upon a sale or pay off a loan, cash distributions will be made as follows and in the following order to the extent there is available cash to distribute and so long as the Manager elects to NOT reinvest proceeds:

 

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·In order to settle expenses and debts of the Company and, if deemed necessary by the Manager, in Manager’s sole and absolute discretion, to establish a reserve to fund post-closing contingencies and/or liabilities;

 

 

 

 

·To the Class A Members, in an amount equal to 100% of that portion of each Preferred Member’s capital account allocated to the property involved in the sale, based upon the original principal balance of the loan (“Loan Cost Basis”) or Property (“Property Basis”);

 

 

 

 

·To the Class A Members, in accordance with their Percentage Interests, Class A Members have received total distributions resulting in eight percent (8.0%) per annum return on their aggregate Capital Contributions;

 

 

 

 

·To the Class A Members, in an amount equal to thirty (30%) of the cash available.

 

 

 

 

·To the Class B Members, in an amount equal to seventy (70%) of the cash available.

 

4.1.4 No Return of Capital.

 

The payments made pursuant to Section 4.1.1, shall not be deemed a return of any portion of a Member’s initial capital contribution. However, the Manager may elect to use such proceeds to use as a return of capital to Class A Members instead of distributions so long as Member receive their promised returns. Such payments may be made if the Manager deems that such payments will present a tax advantage to Class A Members.

 

4.1.5 Reserves

 

Notwithstanding anything contained in the Agreement to the contrary, the Manager, in the Manager’s sole and absolute discretion, may use all or a portion of the Company’s Cash Flow to establish and fund a discretionary reserve(s) from time to time and in such amounts to be determined in the Manager’s sole and reasonable discretion taking into account such factors as anticipated current and future cash requirements of the Company. Said reserve(s) may be used to pay some or all of the distributions, whether accrued or current, specified in this Section.

 

4.1.6 Cash Flow

 

Cash Flow, as defined, means, with respect to any period of the Company’s operation, the gross cash receipts of the Company, including funds released from reserves, reduced by the sum of the following: (a) all principal and interest payments and other sums paid on or with respect to any indebtedness of the Company, (b) all cash expenditures incurred incident to the operation of the Company’s business, including without limitation, any capital expenditure, (c) all amounts due the Manager, and (d) such cash reserves as the Manager shall from time to time designate or as may otherwise be required by the terms of the Agreement or loan documents entered into by the Company in order to establish for working capital, compensating balance requirements, contingencies, payments of Distributions or the funding of any other cash or capital requirements of the Company.

 

4.2 Cash Distributions from Capital Transactions

 

4.2.1 Return of Initial Capital Contributions.

 

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So long as the Manager does not elect to reinvest Capital Contributions, upon the sale or other disposition (such as pay off) of the Company’s loans, the Manager shall distribute and return to the Class A Members the full amount, or such portion of, each Class A Member’s initial capital contribution as the Manager shall determine in the Manager’s sole and reasonable discretion taking into account such factors as anticipated current and future cash requirements of the Company. The Manager intends use proceeds from such dispositions to finance further lending activities in accordance with the objectives of the Company.

 

The Manager may, in the Manager’s sole and reasonable discretion, distribute to each Class A Member, on a quarterly basis, an amount of cash necessary to provide each Class A Member with a pre-tax non-cumulative annual return of eight percent (8.0%) non-compounding return on the outstanding amount of each such Class A Member’s initial Capital Contribution.

 

4.3 Cash Distributions on Dissolution and Termination

 

The Company shall be dissolved on the disposition of all Company Assets. Upon dissolution of the Company, all Assets of the Company (including any Distributable Cash) will be distributed as described below:

 

·First, to pay the creditors of the Company, including the Manager, a Member, or a third party who has loaned or advanced money to the Company or has deferred any reimbursements or Fees;

 

 

·Second, to establish Reserves against anticipated or unanticipated Company liabilities; and

 

 

·Third, to the Members as described in Article 4.2.
 

5. Manager’s Compensation

 

5.1 Expense Reimbursement

 

In addition to the Cash Distributions described in Article 4, the Manager or their Affiliates who may have contributed funds toward organization of the Company will be reimbursed for their out-of-pocket expenses on production of receipts. The Manager will not be reimbursed for its own overhead expenses, but will be reimbursed for initial startup expenses for the Company including legal fees. Reimbursements may be paid as an expense of the Company prior to determining Distributable Cash.

 

Reimbursement may be deferred until sufficient cash is available, without forfeiting any right to collect, although the Manager may earn interest on deferred reimbursement of initial startup expenses. The maximum amount of reimbursements the Manager may receive cannot be determined at this time.

 

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5.2 Fees Paid to Manager and/or Third Parties

 

The Manager and/or third parties may earn Fees for services they provide on behalf of the Company as further described below. All Fees will be paid as an expense of the Company prior to determining Distributable Cash (as described in Article 4 above).

 

Manager’s Fees or Other Compensation

Description

Frequency

Basis for Fee

When Earned

Amount

 

Expense Reimbursement

 

On startup and incidentally thereafter

 

Payment of documented out-of-pocket expenses paid by the Manager or its members on behalf of the Company.

 

Startup reimbursements due on breaking of impounds, or incidentally thereafter.

 

Indeterminate.

 

Asset Management Fee

 

Per Loan

 

Fees charged to the Company for management of its investments.

 

At close of a loan.

 

2% of the total amount the Company invests. The total amount of fees that the Manager may receive cannot be determined at this time.

 

Company Management Fee

 

Recurring, at discretion of Manager

 

Compensation to the Manger for its oversight of management and operation of the Company

 

During Company operations.

 

Profit sharing of 70% of the Cash Flow that is available after the Members have received their stated Preferred Return.

 

6. Rights and Duties of Manager

 

6.1 Management

 

The Manager shall manage all business and affairs of the Company. The Manager shall direct, manage, and control the Company to the best of its ability and shall have full and complete authority, power, and discretion to make any and all decisions and to do any and all things that the Manager shall deem to be reasonably required to accomplish the business and objectives of the Company.

 

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6.2 Number of Managers, Tenure, and Qualifications

 

PARADYME FUNDING, INC. shall be the initial Manager of the Company. The Manager shall hold office until a successor shall have been elected and qualified. Successor Manager(s) need not be a Member of the Company or residents of California.

 

6.3 Authority of the Manager

 

Except to the extent that such authority and rights have been reserved for the Members elsewhere in this Agreement, the Manager shall have the obligation and the exclusive right to manage the day-to-day activities of the Company including, but not limited to performance of the following activities. The Manager may:

 

·Capitalize the Company via the sale of Units or Interests in the Company as described in Article 2 hereof;

 

 

·Acquire by purchase, lease, or otherwise any real or personal property which may be necessary, convenient, or incidental to the accomplishment of the business of the Company;

 

 

·Borrow money and issuing of evidences of indebtedness necessary, convenient, or incidental to the accomplishment of the purposes of the Company and securing the same by mortgage, pledge, or other lien on the Property (if the Company, in fact, is forced to foreclose on a Property); including the right (but not the obligation) to personally and voluntarily guarantee such obligations;

 

 

·Open, maintain and close, as appropriate, all Company bank accounts and (subject to any limitations set forth herein) drawing checks and other instruments for the payment of funds associated with acquisition or maintenance of the Property (if the Company, in fact, is forced to foreclose on a Property);

 

 

·Make all decisions relating to the lending of the Company capital to Borrowers, management of Loans, foreclosing of Properties (if necessary), management of Properties, or purchasing Properties, and all portions thereof;

 

 

·Employ such agents, employees, general contractors, independent contractors and attorneys as may be reasonably necessary to carry out the purposes of this Agreement;

 

 

·Obtain, negotiate and execute all documents and/or contracts necessary or appropriate to accomplish any improvement of the Property (if the Company, in fact, is forced to foreclose on a Property) or any portions thereof;

 

 

·Establish a reasonable Reserve fund for operation of the Company and potential future or contingent Company liabilities;

 

 

·Pay, collect, compromise, arbitrate or otherwise adjust any and all claims or demands of or against the Company to the extent that any settlement of a claim does not exceed available insurance proceeds;

 

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·Work with the CPA firm in its preparation of Company budgets and financial reports, if necessary or appropriate to the Company’s operation, including but not limited to, all federal and state tax returns and reports and periodic financial statements;

 

 

· Execute and deliver bonds and/or conveyances in the name of the Company provided same are done in the ordinary course of the Company’s business;

 

 

·Engage in any kind of legal activity and perform and carry out contracts of any kind necessary or incidental to, or in connection with the operation of the Company; and

 

 

·Make an annual calculation of the Estimated Market Value of the Company and report it to the Members using any commercially acceptable method for doing so.
 

6.4 Major Decisions; Restrictions on Authority of Manager

 

The Manager shall not have the authority to, and hereby covenants and agrees that it shall not make or perform any of the following Major Decisions without first having obtained the affirmative vote of a Majority of Interests of all Members:

 

·Cause or permit the Company to engage in any activity that is not consistent with the purposes of the Company as set forth in Articles 1.9 and 1.10 hereof.

 

 

·File a lawsuit on behalf of the Company or confess a judgment against the Company in an amount in excess of insurance proceeds.

 

 

·Knowingly perform any act that would subject any Members to liability as a general partner in any jurisdiction.

 

 

·Cause the Company to voluntarily take any action that would cause a bankruptcy of the Company.

 

 

·Issue, create or authorize for issuance any equity securities (including Units, securities convertible into or exchangeable for any Units in other equity securities and equity securities issued in connection with any debt securities), with rights or preferences as to Distributions senior to the existing and outstanding Units, or reclassify any existing securities into equity securities with rights or preferences as to Distributions senior to the existing and outstanding Units, by means of amendment to this Agreement or by merger, consolidation, operation of law or otherwise, except as described in Article 2.3 pursuant to a defaulting Member.

 

 

·Change the tax status of the Company or take any action inconsistent with Article 1.8 hereof and Section 3.2 of Appendix C hereto.

 

 

·Alter the Percentage Interests applicable to the Units, other than as described in Article 2.2 hereof.

 

 

The Members shall have the authority to vote on the matters provided in this Article and specifically provided elsewhere in this Agreement (see Summary of voting rights in Article 7.4).

 

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6.5 Employment of Affiliated or Unaffiliated Service Providers

 

The Company may employ Affiliated or unaffiliated service providers, including, but not limited to real estate brokers, Property Managers, engineers, contractors, architects, title or escrow companies, attorneys, accountants, bookkeepers, property inspectors, etc., as necessary to facilitate the acquisition, management, and sale of the Property.

 

6.6 Delegation of Duties

 

The Manager shall have the right to perform or exercise any of its rights or duties under this Agreement through delegation to or contract with Affiliated or unaffiliated service providers, agents, or employees of the Manager, provided that all contracts with Affiliated Persons are on terms at least as favorable to the Company as could be obtained through arms-length negotiations with unrelated third parties; and further provided that the Manager shall remain primarily responsible for the active supervision of such delegated work.

 

6.7 Consultation; Quarterly Reports

 

The Manager agrees to use its best efforts at all times to keep the Members advised of material matters affecting the Company and to provide periodic reports to the Members, which may be oral or in written form at the Manager’s discretion. Further, the Manager will be available for questions during normal business hours.

 

6.8 Manager’s Reliance on Information Provided by Others

 

Unless the Manager has knowledge concerning the matter in question that makes reliance by the Manager unwarranted, the Manager is entitled to rely on information, opinions, reports, or statements, including but not limited to financial statements or other financial data, if prepared or presented by:

 

·One or more Members, Managers, employees, or contractors of the Company whom the Manager reasonably believes to be reliable and competent in the matter presented;

 

 

·Legal counsel, accountants, or other Persons as to matters the Manager reasonably believes are within the Person’s professional or expert competence; or

 

 

·A committee of members or managers of which he or she is not a member if the Manager reasonably believes the committee merits confidence.

 

 

6.9 Fiduciary Duties of Manager

 

The fiduciary duties the Manager owes to the Company and the other Members include only the duty of care, the duty of disclosure and the duty of loyalty, as set forth below. A Member has a right to expect that the Manager will do the following:

 

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·Use its best efforts when acting on the Company’s behalf,

 

 

·Not act in any manner adverse or contrary to the Company or a Member’s interests,

 

 

·Not act on its own behalf in relation to its own interests unless doing so is in the best interests of the Company and is fair and reasonable under the circumstances, and

 

 

·Exercise all of the skill, care, and due diligence at its disposal.

 

In addition, the Manager is required to make truthful and complete disclosures so that the Members can make informed decisions. The Manager is forbidden to obtain an advantage at the expense of any of the Members, without prior disclosure to the Company and the Members.

 

6.9.1 Duty of Care and the ‘Business Judgment Rule

 

Just as officers and directors of corporations owe a duty to their shareholders, the Manager is required to perform its duties with the care, skill, diligence, and prudence of like Persons in like positions. The Manager will be required to make decisions employing the diligence, care, and skill an ordinary prudent Person would exercise in the management of their own affairs. The ‘business judgment rule’ should be the standard applied when determining what constitutes care, skill, diligence, and prudence of like Persons in like positions.

 

6.9.2 Duty of Disclosure

 

The Manager has an affirmative duty to disclose material facts to the Members. Information is considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that a reasonable Investor would consider it important in making an investment decision. The Manager must not make any untrue statements to the Members and must not omit disclosing any material facts to the Members.

 

The Manager has a further duty to disclose conflicts of interest that may exist between the interests of the Manager and its Affiliates and the interests of the Company or any of the individual Members.

 

6.9.3 Duty of Loyalty

 

The Manager has a duty to refrain from competing with the Company in the conduct of the Company’s business prior to the dissolution of the Company, except that the Members understand and acknowledge that the Manager has other interests in similar properties and companies that may compete for its time and resources, which shall not be considered a violation of this duty.

 

6.10 Limited Liability of the Members and the Manager

 

No Person who is a Member, Manager, or officer of the Company shall be personally liable under any judgment of a court, or in any other manner, for any debt, obligation, or liability of the Company, whether that liability or obligation arises in contract, tort, or otherwise, solely by reason of being a Member, Manager, or officer of the Company, unless such Member, Manager or officer expressly agrees to be obligated personally for any or all of the debts, obligations, and liabilities of the Company (e.g., such as a loan guarantor, etc.).

 

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6.11 Indemnification of the Manager and the Members

 

The Manager or a Member shall not be subject to any liability to the Company for the doing of any act or the failure to do any act authorized herein, provided it was performed in good faith to promote the best interests of the Company, including any liability, without limitation, of any Manager, Member, officer, employee, or agent of the Company, against judgments, settlements, penalties, fines, or expenses of any kind (including attorneys’ fees and costs) incurred as a result of acting in that capacity.

 

Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect the liability of a Member of the Company (1) to third parties for the Member’s participation in tortious conduct, or (2) pursuant to the terms of a written guarantee or other contractual obligation entered into by the Member (such as a loan guarantee, etc.).

 

6.11.1 Indemnity of the Manager

 

The Manager (including its members, officers, employees, and agents) are specifically excluded from personal liability for any acts related to the Company, whether they relate to internal disputes with Members, external disputes with third parties or regulatory agencies, etc., except for cases where a finding is made by a court of law or arbitrator that the Manager engaged in:

 

·Intentional misconduct including, but not limited to, a knowing violation of the law; or

 

 

·For liabilities arising under violation of the Securities Act of 1933, any regulations promulgated thereto, or any state securities laws (as such indemnification is against public policy per the SEC).

 

Except for these exclusions, the Company shall indemnify and hold harmless the Manager from and against any and all loss, cost, liability, expense, damage or judgment of whatsoever nature to or from any Person or entity, including payment for the Manager’s defense (including reasonable attorney’s fees and costs) arising from or in any way connected with the conduct of the business of the Company. See also Article 13.3.4 regarding attorneys’ fees and costs related to internal disputes.

 

Further, each Member shall indemnify and hold harmless the Manager, its officers, shareholders, directors, employees and agents from and against any and all loss, cost, liability, expense, damage or judgment of whatsoever nature to or from any Person or entity, including reasonable Attorney’s fees, arising from or in any way connected with any liability arising from that Member’s misrepresentation(s) that it met the Suitability Standards established by the Manager for Membership in the Company prior to its admission as a Member.

 

6.12 Liability Insurance

 

The Company may, at the Manager’s discretion, and as a Company expense, purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of the Company, the Manager, a Member, or employee(s) of the Company against any liability asserted against and incurred by the Company, the Manager, a Member, or employee in any capacity relating to or arising out of the Company’s, Member’s, Manager’s, or employee’s status as such. Such insurance may be in the form of Directors and Officers Insurance, Key Man Insurance, Employer’s Liability Insurance, General Business Liability Insurance, and/or any other applicable insurance policy.

 

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6.13 Manager Has No Exclusive Duty to Company

 

The Manager shall not be required to manage the Company as its sole and exclusive function and may have other business interests and may engage in other activities in addition to those relating to the Company. Neither the Company nor any Member shall have any right, by virtue of this Agreement, to share or participate in such investments or activities of the Manager or to the income or proceeds derived therefrom.

 

7. Rights and Obligations of Members

 

7.1 Limitation of Liability

 

Each Member’s liability shall be limited to the extent allowable by the Act and other applicable law. The debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, whether arising from contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts obligations and liabilities of the Company. No Member or Manager shall be obligated personally for such debt, obligation, or liability of the Company, solely by reason of being a Member of the Company.

 

7.2 Company Debt Liability

 

A Member will not be personally liable for any debts or Losses of the Company beyond the Member’s respective Capital Contributions, except as otherwise required by law or any personal guarantees or financing requirements. Depending on lender requirements, some or all of the Members may be required to sign personal guarantees for financing of the Property and may be requested to provide financial documentation of their individual financial condition to the institutional lender. For instance, many institutional lenders require Investors owning more than twenty percent (20%) of the Interests to be underwritten during the loan approval process and to execute loan documents. Members’ Obligation of Good Faith and Fair Dealing

 

Each Member (and the Manager) shall discharge their duties to the Company and exercise any rights consistently with the contractual obligation of good faith and fair dealing.

 

7.3 Authority of the Members; Summary of Voting Rights

 

Pursuant to this Agreement, the Manager has absolute powers to operate the business of the Company. The Members have authority to vote only on the specific decisions authorized in various provisions of this Agreement, and summarized below.

 

7.3.1 Votes Requiring Unanimous Approval of All Members

 

Unanimous consent of all Members is required for any of the following matters:

 

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·To authorize an act that is not in the ordinary course of the business of the Company; and

 

 

·To amend the Certificate of Formation or make substantive amendments to this Agreement (per Article 15.2).

 

7.3.2 Votes Requiring Approval of 75% of the All Members’ Interests other than the Manager

 

Consent of the Members holding the seventy five percent (75%) of the Class A and Class B Interests (other than the Manager) must affirmatively vote to approve any of the following actions:

 

·To issue a Notice to Perform to the Manager (see Article 8.2); and

 

 

·To remove the Manager for Good Cause (see Article 8.3).

 

 

 

7.3.3 Votes Requiring Approval of a Majority of Interests of all Members

 

A vote of a Majority of Interests of all Members is required to:

 

·Approve any Major Decision (see Article 6.4);

 

 

·Fill a vacancy after the Manager has resigned or been removed (see Article 8.7);

 

 

·Admit an Additional Member to the Company from the sale of Additional Units (per Article 11.2 hereof);

 

 

·Appoint a new “tax matters member” (per Appendix C, Section 5);

 

 

·Exchange the Property for another under Internal Revenue Code Section 1031; and

 

 

·Any other matter that a Member or the Manager wishes to put to a vote of the Members.

 

7.4 Participation

 

Except as otherwise set forth herein, the Members shall not participate in the day-to-day management of the business of the Company.

 

7.5 Deadlock

 

Unless otherwise expressly set forth herein, in the event the Members are unable to reach agreement on or make a decision with respect to any matter on which the Members are entitled to vote (as summarized in Article 7.4), the matter shall be subject to the Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure described in Article 13 hereof.

 

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8. Resignation or Removal of the Manager

 

8.1 Resignation

 

The Manager of the Company may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Members. However, this may require approval of a lender if any loan was conditioned on the qualifications of the Manager. The resignation of the Manager shall take effect sixty (60) days after receipt of notice thereof or at such other time as shall be specified in such notice, or otherwise agreed between the Manager and Members. The acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.

 

8.2 Removal Process; Notice to Perform

 

Prior to initiating a removal action per this Article for Good Cause, all Class A and Class B Members (other than the Manager) who collectively own seventy five percent (75%) or more of the Interests (the requisite Interests) shall issue a Notice to Perform to the Manager in accordance with the notice provision in Article 15.1 hereof. The Notice to Perform shall describe the matters of concern to the Members and shall give the Manager up to sixty (60) days to correct the matter of concern to the satisfaction of the voting Members. If the Manager fails to respond to the concerns or demands contained in such Notice to Perform then;

 

The Manager may be immediately removed, temporarily or permanently, for “Good Cause” determined by: a) a vote of the requisite Members described above, or (b) by an arbitrator or judge per Article 13.5.4. Note, however, that removal of the Manager may require approval of a lender or substitution of a loan guarantor if any loan was conditioned on the qualifications of the Manager.

 

8.3 Reasons for Removal; Good Cause Defined

 

The previous Manager must serve until a new Manager is hired or elected. The Class A Members hereby agree that any right of removal shall be exercised only in good faith. “Good Cause” shall include only the following, as determined by a vote of the requisite Interests described in Article 8.2 above:

 

·Any of the acts described in Article 6.11 hereof;

 

 

·A breach of a Manager’s duties or authority hereunder;

 

 

·Willful or wanton misconduct;

 

 

·Fraud;

 

 

·Bad faith;

 

 

·Death or disability wherein the Manager (or any of the members of the Manager with authority to Manage the Company) dies or becomes physically, mentally, or legally incapacitated such that it can no longer effectively function as the Manager of the Company or the dissolution, liquidation or termination of any entity serving as the Manager and no other member, officer or director of the Manager is willing or able to effectively perform the Manager’s duties;

 

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·Disappearance wherein the Manager (or each of the members of the Manager) fail to return phone calls and/or written correspondence (including email) for more than thirty days (30) without prior notice of an anticipated absence, or failure to provide the Members with new contact information;

 

 

·Issuance of a legal charging order and/or judgment by any judgment creditor against the Manager’s Interest in Cash Distributions or Fees from the Company;

 

 

·A finding by a court of law or arbitrator that the Manager committed any of the acts described in Article 6.11, for which the Manager is specifically not indemnified by the Company; or

 

 

·The Manager becomes subject to a “disqualifying event” at any time during operation of the Company.

 

8.4 Removal Notice Requirements

 

Notice of the Manager’s removal shall be provided in a Removal Notice, duly executed by the requisite Interests (per Article 8.2). The Removal Notice shall be sent via express or overnight delivery to the removed Manager’s record place of business. The Removal Notice shall designate the newly appointed manager who shall succeed the removed Manager, and/or a Member to whom the removed Manager must convey all documents and things necessary to continue management of the Company.

 

Within fifteen (15) business days of such Removal Notice, or such reasonable extension as the removed Manager shall request (which shall in no case exceed thirty (30) calendar days), the removed Manager shall voluntarily surrender all documents, books, records, bank accounts, and things (Documents and Things) related to management of the Company to the newly appointed Manager or designated Member. If the removed Manager fails to voluntarily comply with this Article, the Company may seek reimbursement for any costs associated with obtaining such Documents and Things from the removed Manager or re-creating them, by deducting the costs, including attorney’s fees and other necessary costs of collection (on production of receipts therefore) or forensic reconstruction, from any Distributable Cash or Fees the removed Manager may otherwise be entitled to collect as described in Article 4.

 

8.4.1 Removal of an Affiliated Property Manager

 

If the Manager is removed for Good Cause, any Affiliate of the Manager then-acting as the Property Manager (if one exists) may be concurrently removed, if the Property Manager is also specified in the Notice to Perform and Notice of Removal provided by the Class A Members. Removal of any Affiliated Property Manager, if included, shall take effect concurrent with the effective date of removal of the Manager. If the Affiliated Property Manager is not specified in the Notice to Perform and Notice of Removal, or if the Property Manager is not Affiliated with the Manager, its removal, if desired, must be performed pursuant to the terms of any contract between the Property Manager and the Company.

 

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8.5 Effect of Resignation or Removal on Manager’s Cash Distributions and Fees

 

In the event of removal or resignation of the initial Manager, Distributions and Fees due the Manager will be re-allocated between the former and new Manager as described below:

 

·Expense Reimbursements: Regardless of resignation or removal, the initial Manager will still be entitled to reimbursement for its costs related to startup and operation, and any interest due thereon, as described in Article 5.1, even if the amount due remains uncollected at the time of removal.

 

 

·Distributions or Membership Interests of Class B Members: The Class B Interests are irrevocable, and PARADYME FUNDING, INC.’s Class B Interests will be unaffected by its resignation or removal as the initial Manager of the Company. See Articles 4 and 5.

 

A removed Manager shall be entitled to copies of all financial statements provided to the Members for so long as it has continued rights to Fees or Distributions. To the extent a member of the removed Manager or the Manager itself remains Member of the Company, it shall retain all rights of any other Member entitled to participate in Cash Distributions, telephone calls, voting, and/or correspondence between the replacement Manager and the Members.

 

8.6 Applicability of Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure

 

Nothing in Article 13 (i.e., the Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure) shall prevent any Manager from being immediately removed pursuant to the procedures described in this Article. However, the removed Manager may request application of the Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure (as described in Article 13) to settle disputes related to possible reinstatement or a determination of the amount(s) of Distributable Cash or Fees to which the removed Manager may be entitled.

 

The removed Manager shall have only ninety (90) days from: (a) removal, or (b) from receipt of Fees/Distributable Cash from which deductions have been taken, to invoke the Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure described in Article 13 for resolution of any dispute related to such matters. The removed Manager’s failure to provide a written objection (per the provisions of Article 13) within ninety (90) days of the occurrence (a) or (b) above shall be deemed acceptance.

 

8.7 Vacancies

 

In the event the Manager has resigned or has been removed or has otherwise ceased to be Manager, the vacancy shall be filled on the affirmative vote of a Majority of Interests of all Members. A Manager elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term of its predecessor and shall hold office until the expiration of such term and until the replacement Manager’s successor shall be elected and shall qualify or until his earlier death, resignation, removal, liquidation, dissolution or termination.

 

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9. Meetings of Members

 

9.1 Annual Meeting

 

No Annual Meeting of the Members is required.

 

9.2 Meetings

 

A meeting of the Members may be called at any time and for any purpose whatsoever by the Manager or by any of the Members representing a Majority of Interests, following the procedures specified below.

 

When Members representing a Majority of Interests wish to call a Meeting, they shall notify the Manager, who shall promptly give notice of the Meeting to the other Members. In the event the Manager fails to give the notice within three (3) days of the receipt of the request, any Member or group of Members representing a Majority of Interests may provide notice to the other Members. For purposes of determining the requisite Interests, such notice shall provide the names of Members calling such vote.

 

9.3 Place of Meetings

 

The Manager may designate any place, either within or outside of the State of California, as the place of meetings of the Members.

 

9.4 Notice of Meetings

 

Except as provided in Article 9.5 below, written notice stating the place, day, and hour of the meeting and the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called shall be given at least three (3) days and not more than ninety days before the date of the meeting. A vote taken at a meeting with less than three (3) days’ notice will only be valid if all of the Members provide unanimous written consent.

 

9.5 Meeting of all Members

 

If all of the Members meet at any time and place, either within or outside of the State of California, and consent to the holding of a meeting at such time and place in writing, such meeting shall be valid without call or notice, and at such meeting, a lawful vote may be taken.

 

9.6 Record Date

 

For the purpose of determining: 1) Members entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of Members or any adjournment thereof; 2) Members entitled to receive payment of any Cash Distribution; or 3) to make a determination of Members for any other purpose; the date on which notice of the meeting is mailed or the date on which the resolution declaring such Distribution is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of Members.

 

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9.7 Quorum

 

Members representing a Majority of Interests, whether represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at any duly noticed meeting of Members (per Article 9.4). In the absence of a quorum at any such meeting, a majority of the Members present may continue or adjourn (i.e., reschedule) the meeting for a new date to occur within thirty (30) days. A notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each Member of record entitled to vote.

 

9.8 Manner of Acting

 

An affirmative vote of the requisite Interests (see summary in Article 7.4) shall be considered an act of the Members on such matters as they are entitled to vote. Consent transmitted by electronic transmission by a Member or Person authorized to act for a Member shall be deemed to have been written and signed by the Member, regardless of whether they appeared at a meeting.

 

9.9 Proxies

 

At all meetings of Members, a Member may vote in person, by proxy executed in writing by the Member, or by a duly authorized attorney-in-fact. Such proxy shall be filed with the Manager of the Company before or at the time of the meeting. No proxy shall be valid after eleven (11) months from the date of its execution, unless otherwise provided in the proxies.

 

9.10 Action by Members without a Meeting

 

Action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of Members may only be taken without a meeting if the action is approved by written consent of the requisite Percentage Interests describing the action taken, signed by every Member entitled to vote, and delivered to the Manager of the Company for inclusion in the minutes or filing with the Company records.

 

Action taken under this Article shall become effective at such time as the requisite Percentage Interests of the Members entitled to vote have provided written consent (unless the consent specifies a different effective date), regardless of whether the Member participated in any meeting in which such matters were discussed. The record date for determining Members entitled to take action without a meeting shall be the date the first Member signs a written consent.

 

9.11 Electronic Meetings

 

Meetings of Members may be held by means of a conference telephone call so that all Persons participating in the meeting can hear each other. Participation in a meeting held by conference telephone call shall constitute presence of the Person at the meeting.

 

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9.12 Waiver of Notice

 

When any notice is required to be given to any Member, a waiver thereof in writing signed by the Person entitled to such notice, whether before, at, or after the time stated therein, shall be equivalent to the giving of such notice.

 

10. Fiscal Year, Books and Records, Bank Accounts, Tax Matters

 

10.1 Fiscal Year

 

The Company, for accounting and income tax purposes, shall operate on a Fiscal Year ending December 31 of each year, and shall make such income tax elections and use such methods of depreciation as shall be determined by the Manager. The books and records of the Company will be kept on a tax basis in accordance with sound accounting practices to reflect all income and expenses of the Company.

 

10.2 Company Books and Records

 

During the term of the Company and for seven (7) years thereafter, the Company shall keep at its principal place of business, the following:

 

·A current list of the name and last known address of each Member and Manager;

 

 

·Copies of records that would enable a Member to determine the relative voting rights, if any, of the Members;

 

 

·A copy of the Certificate of Formation, together with any amendments thereto;

 

 

·Copies of the Company’s federal, state, and local income tax returns, if any, for the seven (7) most recent years;

 

 

·A copy of this Company Agreement and any amendments that are in writing, together with any amendments thereto; and

 

 

·Copies of financial statements, if any, of the Company for the seven (7) most recent years.

 

A Member may:

 

·At the Member’s own expense, inspect and copy any Company record upon reasonable request during ordinary business hours; and

 

 

·Obtain from time to time upon reasonable demand:

 

 

·True and complete information regarding the state of the business and financial condition of the Company;

 

 

 

 

·Promptly after becoming available, a copy of the Company’s federal, state, and local income tax returns, if any, for each year; and

 

 

 

 

·Other information regarding the affairs of the Company as is just and reasonable.

 

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As stated above, a Member shall have the right, during ordinary business hours, to inspect and copy the Company documents listed above at the Member’s expense. But, the Member must give seven (7) days’ notice to the Manager of such Member’s intent to inspect and/or copy the documents, and may only inspect and copy such Company documents for a purpose reasonably related to the Member’s Interest in the Company as approved by the Manager. The Company may impose a reasonable charge, limited to the costs of labor and material, for copies of records furnished. The Company may elect, at its option, to provide the requested document electronically.

 

To the extent allowed by law, the Manager shall honor requests of Members to keep their contact information confidential.

 

10.3 Bank Accounts

 

All funds of the Company shall be held in a separate bank account(s) in the name of the Company as determined by the Manager.

 

10.4 Reports and Statements

 

The Company shall endeavor, at its expense by March 1 of each year, to deliver to the Members the following unaudited financial statements, which obligation may be satisfied by delivery to the Members of:

 

·A copy of the Company’s federal tax return;

 

 

·A profit and loss statement for such period; and

 

 

·A balance sheet for the Company as of the end of such period.

 

The Manager shall, at the expense of the Company prepare, or cause to be prepared, for delivery to the Members prior to the due date thereof (excluding extensions), all federal and any required state and local income tax returns for the Company for each Fiscal Year of the Company.

 

10.5 Tax Matters

 

The Manager shall have the authority, subject to the provisions of this Agreement, to make any election provided under the Code or any provision of state or local tax law. Additional information on designation of a tax matters member is provided in Appendix C, attached hereto. Further, the Manager shall have the authority to direct and/or remit withholding amounts from a Non-U.S. Person’s Distributions, as necessary to comply with the Foreign Investor Real Property Tax Act of 1980 (FIRPTA) or other U.S. tax obligation of the Non-U.S. Person.

 

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11. Voluntary Transfer; Additional and Substitute Members

 

This Article 11 pertains only to the Interests of the Class A Interests in the Company. The Manager has the sole and exclusive authority to grant, convey, sell, transfer, hypothecate, disassociate or otherwise dispose of all or a portion of its Class B Interests without input or vote of the Class A Members.

 

11.1 Voluntary Withdrawal, Resignation or Disassociation Prohibited

 

A Member may not withdraw, resign or voluntarily disassociate from the Company, unless such Member complies with the transfer provisions set forth in this Article. The provisions of this Article shall apply to all Voluntary Transfers of a Member’s Interests. Involuntary Transfers are addressed in Article 12.

 

11.2 Admission of Additional Members

 

Once the Manager closes the offering period for the sale of new Interests, no additional Interests in the Company may be sold, or any Additional Members admitted, unless a) the admission of an Additional Member is approved by a Majority of Interests of all Members, or b) a Majority of Interests of all Members approve a capital call per as described in Article 2.3., in which case the Manager reserves the right to authorize the sale of additional Units to new or existing Members, and to admit new Members whose Class or Interests may be equal or senior to the Class A Interests as necessary to raise the needed capital.

 

11.3 Transfer Prohibited Except as Expressly Authorized Herein

 

No Member may voluntarily, involuntarily, or by operation of law assign, transfer, sell, pledge, hypothecate, or otherwise dispose of (collectively transfer) all or part of its Interest in the Company, except as is specifically permitted by this Agreement or authorized by the Manager. Any Voluntary Transfer made in violation of this Article shall be void and of no legal effect.

 

Further, in no event shall any Voluntary Transfer be made within one (1) year of the initial sale of the Interests proposed for transfer unless the Transferor provides a letter from an attorney, acceptable to the Manager, stating that in the opinion of such attorney, the proposed transfer is exempt from registration under the Securities Act and under all applicable state securities laws or is otherwise compliant with Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933. The Manager is legally obligated to refuse to honor any transfer made in violation of this provision.

 

11.4 Conditions for Permissible Voluntary Transfer; Substitution

 

A permitted transfer of any Member’s Interest shall only be granted as to the Member’s Economic Interest unless the Manager accepts a permitted transferee (Transferee) as a Substitute Member. A permitted Transferee shall become a Substitute Member only on satisfaction of all of the following conditions:

 

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·Filing of a duly executed and acknowledged written instrument of assignment in a form approved by the Manager specifying the Member’s Percentage Interest being assigned and setting forth the intention of the assignor that the permitted assignee succeed to the assignor’s Economic Interest (or the portion thereof) and/or its Interest as a Member;

 

 

·Execution, acknowledgment and delivery by the assignor and assignee of any other instruments reasonably required by the Manager including an agreement of the permitted assignee to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement; and

 

 

·The Manager’s approval of the Transferee’s or assignee’s admission to the Company as a Substitute Member and concurrent and complete Disassociation of all of the Membership and Economic Interests of the Transferor.

 

11.4.1 Transfer of a Member’s Interest to an Affiliate

 

Nothing in this section shall prevent a Member from transferring its entire Membership Interest (Economic and voting rights, etc.) or any portion thereof to an Affiliate (as defined in Appendix D). Approval of Substituted Membership of an Affiliate shall not be unreasonably withheld by action of the Manager on the delivery of all requested documents necessary to accomplish such a transfer. However, any subsequent conveyance or transfer of ownership interests within the Affiliate so that it no longer meets the definition of an Affiliate with respect to the original Member, shall make its membership in the Company subject to revocation or Disassociation (per Article 12) by the Manager. Unless the Affiliate requests and is approved by the Manager as a Substitute Member, an unauthorized Affiliate shall have only the Economic Interest of the former Member.

 

11.5 Voluntary Transfer; Right of First Refusal

 

11.5.1 Notice of Sale

 

In the event any Member (a Selling Member) wishes to sell its Interest, it must first present its offer to sell and proposed price (terms and conditions) in a Notice of Sale submitted in writing to the Manager. The Manager and/or the Members (Purchasing Members) shall have thirty (30) days to elect to purchase the entire Selling Member’s Interest, which shall be offered to each in the order of priority described below:

 

·First, the Manager (or members of the Manager) may elect to purchase the entire Interest on the same terms and conditions as contained in the Notice of Sale, but if they don’t; then

 

 

·Second, all or part of the Members may purchase the entire Selling Member’s Interest on the same terms and conditions as contained in the Notice of Sale; the Purchasing Members will be given priority to purchase in the same ratio as their existing Percentage Interest before allowing existing Members to purchase disproportionate amounts;

 

 

·Third, if the Members elect to purchase less than the entire Interest, the Manager (of the members of the Manager) may combine in any ratio to purchase the remaining Interest, providing the overall purchase is of the entire Selling Member’s Interest and on the same terms and conditions as contained in the Notice of Sale; and

 

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·Fourth, in the event that the Members and/or the Manager (or its members) fail to respond within thirty (30) days of the Selling Member’s Notice of Sale, or if the Manager and/or the Members expressly elect not to purchase the entire Selling Member’s Interest, the Selling Member shall have the right to sell its Interest to the third party on the same terms and conditions contained in the original Notice of Sale.

 

 

·In the event the Selling Member receives or obtains a bona fide offer from a third party to purchase all or any portion of its Interest in the Company, which offer it desires to accept, then prior to accepting such offer, the Selling Member shall give written notice (the Notice of Sale) of such offer to the Manager. The Notice of Sale shall set forth the material terms of such offer, including without limitation the identity of the third party, and the purchase price and terms of payment.

 

 

·If the terms are different than the original Notice of Sale offered to the Manager, the Selling Member must comply again with the terms of this Article (giving the Manager and Members the first right to purchase its Interest on the same terms and conditions offered by the third party) with respect to the existing offer and all subsequent third party offers.

 

 

·If the Manager approves the sale to the third party, it must be completed within three (3) months. If the sale to the third party is not consummated on the terms contained in the approved Notice of Sale within three (3) months following the date of the Notice of Sale, then the Member must seek a renewed approval from the Manager, who may require that the Member again comply with the first right of refusal provisions of this Article.

 

In any purchase by the Members or the Manager described above, the Manager will automatically adjust the Membership Interests of the Purchasing Members or the Manager to reflect the respective number and Class of Units or Interests transferred, and the Manager shall revise Appendix B (attached hereto), as appropriate to reflect such adjustment.

 

11.5.2 Costs of Conveyance for Voluntary Transfer

 

In the event that the Manager and/or the Members elect to purchase as provided this Article, the cost of such transaction, including without limitation, recording fees, escrow fees, if any, and other fees, (excluding attorneys’ fees which shall be the sole expense of the party who retained them) shall be divided 50/50 between the Selling Member and the Purchasing Members. The Purchasing Members shall each contribute their respective share of the transaction costs in proportion with their share of the purchased Interest. The Selling Member shall deliver all appropriate documents of transfer for approval by the Manager, at least three (3) days prior to the closing of such sale for its review and approval.

 

From and after the date of such closing, whether the sale is made to the Members, the Manager, or to the third party, the Selling Member shall have no further Interest in the Assets or income of the Company and, as a condition of the sale, the Person(s) or entities purchasing the Interests shall indemnify and hold harmless the Selling Member from and against any claim, demand, loss, liability, damage or expense, including without limitation, attorney’s fees arising from the subsequent operation of the Company.

 

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11.5.3 Rights and Interests of Voluntary Transferee; Adjustment of Voting Rights

 

If a Member transfers its Interest to a third-party Transferee pursuant to this Article, such Transferee shall only succeed to the Member’s Economic Interest unless and until it complies with the provisions of Article 11.4 and is approved by the Manager as a Substitute Member. Until such time, if ever, that the third-party Transferee becomes a Substitute Member, the voting Interests of the Remaining Members (i.e., all Members other than the Selling Member) will be increased proportionate with their Percentage Interests in the Company as if they had purchased the Selling Member’s Interest.

 

The obligations, rights and Interests of the Selling, purchasing, and any Substitute Members shall inure to and be binding upon the heirs, successors and permitted assignees of such Members subject to the restrictions of this Article. A third party Transferee shall have no right of action against the Manager or the Company for not being accepted as a Substitute Member.

 

11.6 Limited Withdrawal and Redemption Policy

 

11.6.1 Restrictions on Withdrawal Policy

 

No Member may withdraw within the first 15 months a Member’s admission to the Company. Thereafter, the Company will use its best efforts to honor requests for a return of capital subject to, among other things, the Company’s then available cash flow, financial condition, and approval by the Manager. The maximum aggregate amount of capital that the Company will return to the Members each calendar quarter is limited to 10% of the total outstanding capital of the Company as of December 31 of the prior year. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Manager may, in its sole discretion, waive such withdrawal requirements if a Member is experiencing undue hardship.

 

11.6.2 Request for Withdrawal

 

Members may submit a written request for withdrawal as a Member of the Company and may receive a 75% return of capital provided that the following conditions have been met: (a) the Member has been a Member of the Company for a period of at least six (15) months; and (b) the Member provides the Company with a written request for a return of capital at least ninety (90) days prior to such withdrawal (“Withdrawal Request”).

 

Members may submit a request for withdrawal as a Member of the Company and may receive a 90% return of capital provided that the following conditions have been met: (a) the Member has been a Member of the Company for a period of at least twelve (18) months; and (b) the Member provides the Company with a Withdrawal Request at least ninety (90) days prior to such requested withdrawal.

 

Members may submit a request for withdrawal as a Member of the Company and may receive a 100% return of capital provided that the following conditions have been met: (a) the Member has been a Member of the Company for a period of at least twenty-four (24) months; and (b) the Member provides the Company with a Withdrawal Request at least ninety (90) days prior to such requested withdrawal.

 

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The Company will not establish a reserve from which to fund withdrawals of Members’ capital accounts and such withdrawals are subject to the availability of cash in any calendar quarter to make withdrawal distributions (“Cash Available for Withdrawals”) only after: (i) all current Company expenses have been paid (including compensation to the Manager, Manager and its affiliates as described herein); (ii) adequate reserves have been established for anticipated Company operating costs and other expenses and advances to protect and preserve the Company’s investments in Properties; and (iii) adequate provision has been made for the payment of all monthly cash distributions owing to Members.

 

If at any time the Company does not have sufficient Cash Available for Withdrawals to distribute the quarterly amounts due to all Members that have outstanding withdrawal requests, the Company is not required to liquidate any Properties for the purpose of liquidating the capital account of withdrawing Members. In such circumstances, the Company is merely required to distribute that portion of the Cash Available for Withdrawals remaining in such quarter to all withdrawing Members pro rata based upon the relative amounts being withdrawn as set forth in the Withdrawal Request.

 

11.6.3 ERISA Members

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Manager reserves the right to utilize all Cash Available for Withdrawals to liquidate the capital accounts of deceased Members or ERISA plan investors in whole or in part, before satisfying outstanding withdrawal requests from any other Members. The Manager also reserves the right, at any time, to liquidate the capital accounts of ERISA plan investors to the extent the Manager determines, in its sole discretion, that any such liquidation is necessary in order to remain exempt from the Department of Labor’s “plan asset” regulations. Additionally, the Manager has the discretion to limit aggregate withdrawals during any single calendar year to not more than 10% of the total Company capital accounts of all Members that were outstanding at the beginning of such calendar year.

 

12. Involuntary Transfer; Disassociation

 

12.1 Disassociation for Cause

 

A Member may be disassociated (i.e., expelled) from the Company a) pursuant to a judicial determination, or b) on application by the Manager, another Member of the same class, for Cause (defined in the bullets below); upon a written finding by the Manager or applicable judicial body that such Member:

 

·Engaged in wrongful conduct that adversely and materially affected the Company’s business;

 

 

·Willfully or persistently committed a material breach of this Agreement;

 

 

·Engaged in conduct relating to the Company’s business, which makes it not reasonably practicable to carry on the business with the Member; or

 

 

·

Engaged in willful misconduct related to its Membership in the Company.

 

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12.2 Disassociation by Operation of Law

 

Additionally, a Member may be disassociated by operation of law, affected solely by action of the Manager, upon the occurrence of any of the following triggering events:

 

·Upon Voluntary or Involuntary Transfer of all or part of a Member’s Economic Interest;

 

 

·Dissolution, suspension, or failure to maintain the legal operating status of a corporation, partnership or limited liability company that is a Member of the Company; or

 

 

·In the case of a Member that is a legal entity, the Member’s:

 

 

·Becoming a debtor in Bankruptcy;

 

 

 

 

·Executing an assignment of all or substantially all of its Economic Interest for the benefit of creditors;

 

 

 

 

·The appointment of a trustee, receiver, or liquidator of the Member or of all or substantially all of the Member’s property including its Interest in the Company pursuant to an action related to the Member’s insolvency; or

 

 

 

·

 In the case of a Member who is an individual:

 

 

·The Member’s death;

 

 

 

 

·Becoming a debtor in Bankruptcy;

 

 

 

 

·The appointment of a guardian or conservator of the property of the Member; or

 

 

 

 

·A judicial determination of incapacity or other such determination indicating that the Member has become incapable of performing its duties under this Agreement;

 

·In the case of a Member that is a trust or trustee of a trust, distribution of the trust’s entire rights to receive Distributions from the Company, but not merely by reason of the substitution of a successor trustee;

 

 

·In the case of a Member that is an estate or personal representative of an estate, distribution of the estate’s entire rights to receive Distributions from the Company, but not merely the substitution of a successor personal representative; or

 

 

·Termination of the existence of a Member if the Member is not an individual, estate, or trust, other than a business trust.

 

12.3 Effect of Disassociation

 

Immediately on mailing of a notice of Disassociation sent by the Manager to a Member’s last known address, unless the reason for Disassociation can be and is cured within sixty (60) days, a Member will cease to be a Member of the Company and shall henceforth be known as a Disassociated Member. Any successor in Interest who succeeds to a Member’s Interest by operation of law (per Article 12.2) shall henceforth be known as an Involuntary Transferee.

 

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Subsequently, the Disassociated Member’s right to vote or participate in management decisions (as summarized in Article 7.4) will be automatically terminated. A Disassociated Member (or its legal successor) will continue to receive only the Disassociated Member’s Economic Interest in the Company, unless the Disassociated Member/Involuntary Transferee elects to sell its Interest to the Manager or Members (Purchasing Members) or to a third party buyer (Voluntary Transferee) following the procedures described in Article 11.5; and/or a Voluntary or Involuntary Transferee seeks admission and is approved by the Manager as a Substitute Member (per Article 11.4).

 

Until such time, if ever, that the Manager approves the transfer of the entire Disassociated Member’s Membership Interest to the Purchasing Members or a Substitute Member, the voting interests of the Remaining Members will be proportionately increased as necessary to absorb the Disassociated Member’s voting Interests.

 

If a Member objects to Disassociation, they will be bound to resolve the dispute in accordance with the Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure described in Article 13, unless the reason for the Disassociation can be resolved within sixty (60) days to the satisfaction of the Manager, in which case their full Membership Interest will be reinstated. If there is no Involuntary Transferee, and no third party buyer is found and the Manager or Remaining Members do not wish to purchase the Disassociated Member’s Interest, the Disassociated Member will only be entitled to receive its Economic Interest (no voting rights), indefinitely, until such time as the Company is dissolved.

 

12.4 Sale and Valuation of a Disassociated Member’s Interest

 

If no outside buyers can be found and the Disassociated Member still desires to sell its Interest, which the Remaining Members and/or Manager (Purchasing Members) wish to purchase, the buyout price for the Disassociated Member’s Interest may be determined using one of the following methods:

 

·Negotiated Price: First, if the Purchasing Members or legal representative of the Disassociated Member can agree on a negotiated price for the Interest, then that price will be used; if not,

 

 

·Estimated Market Value Within 12 Months: Second, the Manager may annually determine the Estimated Market Value of the Company and report it to the Members (per Article 6.3). An Estimated Market Value calculated by the Manager in any commercially accepted manner within the last twelve (12) months shall conclusively be used to determine the value of a Disassociated Member’s Interest. The purchase price of shall be the product of the Disassociated Member’s Percentage Interest in the Company and the Estimated Market Value of the Company.

 

12.5 Closing

 

Unless other terms have been agreed between the Disassociated and Purchasing Members, the following terms shall apply to closing of a Disassociated Member’s Interest. After determining value (per Article 11.5 or 12.4 above), the Purchasing Members shall give written notice fixing the time and date for the closing. The closing shall be conducted at the principal office of the Company or other agreed location on the date not less than thirty (30) days nor more than sixty (60) days after the date of such notice, or in the event of Bankruptcy, any request for an extension by any Bankruptcy Court having jurisdiction.

 

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12.6 Payment for a Disassociated Member’s Interest

 

At closing, the Purchasing Members shall pay to the Disassociated Member by certified or bank check an amount equal to the determined value of the Disassociated Member’s Interest, or, if such value shall be determined to be zero or another amount pursuant to an agreement of the Members, shall deliver an executed copy of such agreement or a copy of such appraisal report(s), or a memorandum of the negotiated value (per Article 11.4 above) as applicable.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, at the option of the Purchasing Members, the purchase price may be paid by the delivery of its promissory note in the principal amount of the purchase price, bearing interest at six percent (6%), repayable early without penalty, in eight (8) equal quarterly installments, or other agreement. Simultaneously therewith the Disassociated Member shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Purchasing Members such instruments of conveyance, assignment and releases as shall be necessary or reasonably desirable to convey all of the right, title and Interest of the Member and the Assets thereof.

 

Because of the unique and distinct nature of an Interest in the Company, it is agreed that the Purchasing Members’ damages would not be readily ascertainable if they elect to purchase the Disassociated Member’s Interest as aforesaid and the conveyance thereof were not consummated, and, therefore, in such case the Purchasing Members shall be entitled to the remedy of specific performance in addition to any other remedies that may be available to them in law or in equity.

 

12.7 Transfer of Economic Interest; Rights of an Involuntary Transferee

 

If the Purchasing Members do not elect to purchase the Interest of a Disassociated Member as provided in Articles 12.4 through 12.6, or if by operation of law the Economic Interest of the Disassociated Member transfers to an Involuntary Transferee, the Manager shall hereby be granted power of attorney by the Disassociated Member to execute such documents as may be necessary and requisite to evidence and cause the transfer only of the Disassociated Member’s Economic Interest to the Involuntary Transferee, as applicable and appropriate for the circumstances.

 

An Involuntary Transferee shall not be deemed a Member until such time if ever, that they seek admission and are approved as a Substitute Member(s). Until such time, they shall only succeed to the Economic Interest of the Disassociated Member, including the right to any Distributions and a return of the Disassociated Member’s Unreturned Capital Contributions, if applicable, which shall be distributed only if and when such Distributions or return of Capital Contributions shall become due per the terms of this Agreement. Any Distributions that may be due a Disassociated Member shall be held in trust and no Distributions shall be made to an Involuntary Transferee until it produces and executes such documentation as the Manager deems necessary to evidence the Transfer of the Disassociated Member’s Economic Interest, and to indemnify the Company and the Manager for any liability related to making Distributions directly to the holder of the Economic Interest.

 

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Any further assignment of the Disassociated Member’s Economic or Membership Interest, or any request of an Involuntary Transferee to succeed to the Disassociated Member’s full Membership Interest (i.e., to become a Substituted Member in the Company), shall be subject to approval of the Manager.

 

13. Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure

 

Because the nature of the Company is to generate Profits on behalf of its Members, it is imperative that one Member’s dispute with the Manager and/or other Members is not allowed to diminish the Profits available to other Members or resources necessary to operate the Company. Litigation could require diversion of Company Profits to pay attorney’s fees or could tie up Company funds necessary for operation of the Company, impacting the profitability of the investment for all Members. The only way to prevent such needless expense is to have a comprehensive Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure (Procedure) in place, to which each of the Members have specifically agreed in advance of membership in the Company. The Procedure described below requires an aggrieved party to take a series of steps designed to amicably resolve a dispute on terms that will preserve the interests of the Company and the other non-disputing Members, before invoking a costly remedy, such as arbitration.

 

In the event of a dispute, claim, question, or disagreement between the Members or between the Manager and one or more Members arising from or relating to this Agreement, the breach thereof, or any associated transaction, or to interpret or enforce any rights or duties under the Act (hereinafter Dispute), the Manager and Members hereby agree to resolve such Dispute by strictly adhering to the Procedure provided below. The following Procedure has been adapted for purposes of this Agreement from guidelines and rules published by the American Arbitration Association (AAA):

 

13.1 Notice of Disputes

 

Written notice of a Dispute must be sent to the Manager or Member by the aggrieved party as described in the notice requirements of Article 15.1 below.

 

13.2 Negotiation of Disputes

 

The parties hereto shall use their best efforts to settle any Dispute through negotiation before resorting to any other means of resolution. To this effect, they shall consult and negotiate with each other in good faith and, recognizing their mutual interests, attempt to reach a just and equitable solution satisfactory to all parties. If, within a period of sixty (60) days after written notice of such Dispute has been served by either party on the other, the parties have not reached a negotiated solution, then upon further notice by either party, the Dispute shall be submitted to mediation administered by the AAA in accordance with the provisions of its Commercial Mediation Rules. The onus is on the complaining party to initiate each next step in this Procedure as provided below.

 

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13.3 Mandatory Alternative Dispute Resolution

 

On failure of negotiation provided above; mediation, and as a last resort, binding arbitration shall be used to ultimately settle the Dispute. The following provisions of this Article 13 shall apply to any subsequent mediation or arbitration.

 

Exception: On unanimous consent of all parties to a Dispute, the disputing party may initiate a small claims action or litigation in lieu of mandatory mediation and arbitration. The parties shall further unanimously determine jurisdiction and venue. In any small claims action or litigation, the local rules of court shall apply in lieu of the remaining provisions of this Article.

 

13.3.1 Preliminary Relief

 

Any party to the Dispute may seek preliminary relief at any time after negotiation has failed, but prior to arbitration, in accordance with the Optional Rules for Emergency Measures of Protection of the AAA Commercial Arbitration Rules and Mediation Procedures. The AAA case manager may appoint an arbitrator who will hear only the preliminary relief issues without going through the arbitrator selection process described in Article 13.5.1.

 

13.3.2 Consolidation

 

Identical or sufficiently similar Disputes presented by more than one Member may, at the option of the Manager, be consolidated into a single Procedure.

 

13.3.3 Location of Mediation or Arbitration

 

Any mediation or arbitration shall be conducted in State of California and each party to such mediation or arbitration must attend in person.

 

13.3.4 Attorney’s Fees and Costs

 

Each party shall bear its own costs and expenses (including their own attorney’s fees) and an equal share of the mediator or arbitrators’ fees and any administrative fees, regardless of the outcome; however, if the Manager is a party, its legal fees shall be paid by the Company (per the indemnification provision described in Article 6.11).

 

Exception: The Company may reimburse a Member for attorney’s fees and costs in any legal action against the Manager or the Company in which the Member is awarded such fees and costs as part of a legal action.

 

13.3.5 Maximum Award

 

The maximum amount a party may seek during mediation or be awarded by an arbitrator is the amount equal to the party’s Unreturned Capital Contributions and any Cash Distributions or interest to which the party may be entitled. An arbitrator will have no authority to award punitive or other damages.

 

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13.3.6 AAA Commercial Mediation or Arbitration Rules

 

Any Dispute submitted for mediation or arbitration shall be subject to the AAA’s Commercial Mediation or Arbitration Rules. If there is a conflict between the Rules and this Article, the Article shall be controlling.

 

13.4 Mediation

 

Any Dispute that cannot be settled through negotiation as described in Article 13.2, may proceed to mediation. The parties shall try in good faith to settle the Dispute by mediation, which each of the parties to the Dispute must attend in person, before resorting to arbitration. If, after no less than three (3) face-to-face mediation sessions, mediation proves unsuccessful at resolving the Dispute, the parties may then, and only then, resort to binding arbitration as described in Article 13.5.

 

13.4.1 Selection of Mediator

 

The complaining party shall submit a Request for Mediation to the AAA. The AAA will appoint a qualified mediator to serve on the case. The preferred mediator shall have specialized knowledge of securities law, unless the Dispute pertains to financial accounting issues, in which case the arbitrator shall be a CPA, or if no such person is available, shall be generally familiar with the subject matter involved in the Dispute. If the parties are unable to agree on the mediator within thirty (30) days of the Request for Mediation, the AAA case manager will make an appointment.

 

If the initial mediation(s) does not completely resolve the Dispute, any party may request a different mediator for subsequent mediation(s) by serving notice of the request to the other party(ies) for approval, and subject to qualification per the requirements stated above.

 

13.5 Arbitration

 

Any Dispute that remains unresolved after good faith negotiation and three (3) failed mediation sessions shall be settled by binding arbitration. Judgment on the award rendered by the arbitrator(s) shall be final and may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.

 

13.5.1 Selection of Arbitrator

 

Prior to arbitration, the complaining party shall cause the appointment of an AAA case manager by filing of a claim with the AAA along with the appropriate filing fee, and serving it on the defending party. The AAA case manager shall provide each party with a list of proposed arbitrators who meet the qualifications described below, or if no such person is available, who are generally familiar with the subject matter involved in the Dispute. Each side will have 14 days to strike any unacceptable names, number the remaining names in order of preference, and return the list to the AAA. The case manager shall then invite persons to serve from the names remaining on the list, in the designated order of mutual preference. Should this selection procedure fail for any reason, the AAA case manager shall appoint an arbitrator as provided in the applicable AAA Commercial Arbitration Rules.

 

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13.5.2 Qualifications of Arbitrator

 

The selected or appointed arbitrator shall be selected from available candidates in California and shall have specialized knowledge of securities law, unless the Dispute pertains to financial accounting issues, in which case the arbitrator shall be a CPA. Further, the selected arbitrator must agree to sign a certification stating that they have read all of the documents relevant to this Agreement in their entirety, including and any relevant Appendices or Exhibits, this entire Agreement, and the Subscription Booklet.

 

13.5.3 Limited Discovery

 

Discovery shall be limited to only those documents pertaining to this Agreement including this entire Agreement (and any relevant Appendices or Exhibits), the Subscription Booklet (and any relevant Appendices or Exhibits), any written correspondence between the parties, and any other documents specifically requested by the Arbitrator as necessary to facilitate his/her understanding of the Dispute. The parties may produce witnesses for live testimony at the arbitration hearing at their own expense. A list of all such witnesses and complete copies of any documents to be submitted to the arbitrator shall be served on the arbitrator and all other parties within forty-five (45) days of the arbitration hearing, at the submitting party’s expense.

 

13.5.4 Findings of Arbitrator

 

If, in any action against the Manager, the selected or appointed arbitrator, or judge (if applicable) makes a specific finding that the Manager has violated Securities laws, or has otherwise engaged in any of the actions described in Article 6.11 for which the Manager will not be indemnified, the Manager must bear the cost of its own legal defense. The Manager must reimburse the Company for any such costs previously paid by the Company. Until the Company has been fully reimbursed, the Manager will not be entitled to receive any Fees or Distributions it may otherwise be due.

 

14. Dissolution and Termination of the Company

 

14.1 Dissolution

 

The Company shall be dissolved upon the disposition of all Company Loans or Properties (which may be determined solely by action of the Manager). The Company will observe any mandatory provisions of the Act upon dissolution. On dissolution, Assets of the Company will be distributed as described in Article 4.3 hereof.

 

14.2 Termination of a Member Does Not Require Dissolution

 

The disassociation, withdrawal, death, insanity, incompetency, Bankruptcy, dissolution, or liquidation of any Member or the Manager will not require dissolution of the Company.

 

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14.3 Procedure for Winding-Up

 

Upon the dissolution and termination of the Company caused by other than the termination of the Company under section 708(b)(1)(B) of the Code, the Manager shall proceed to wind up the affairs of the Company. During such winding-up process, the Profits, Losses, and Distributions of the Distributable Cash shall continue to be shared by the Members in accordance with this Agreement.

 

Upon the dissolution and commencement of the winding up of the Company, the Manager shall cause Articles of Dissolution to be executed on behalf of the Company and filed with the State Corporation Commission of the State of California, and the Manager shall execute, acknowledge and file any and all other instruments necessary or appropriate to reflect the dissolution of the Company.

 

15. Miscellaneous Provisions

 

15.1 Notices

 

All notices and demands which any Member is required or desires to give to another Member the Manager shall be given in writing by email with confirmation, facsimile, certified mail (return receipt requested with appropriate postage prepaid), or by personal delivery (with confirmation of service) to the address or facsimile transmission to the address set forth in Appendix A hereof for the respective Member, provided that if any Member gives notice of a change of name or address or facsimile number, notices to that Member shall thereafter be given pursuant to such notice.

 

All notices and demands so given shall be effective upon receipt by the Member to whom notice or a demand is being given except that any notice given by certified mail shall be deemed delivered three (3) days after mailing provided proof of delivery can be shown to:

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

c/o PARADYME FUNDING, INC.

Ryan Garland

43620 Ridge Park Dr Suite 200

 

15.2 Temecula, CA 92590Amendments

 

The Certificate of Formation and this Agreement may only be substantively amended by the affirmative vote of all Members of the Company. However, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Manager may amend this Agreement in a manner not materially inconsistent with the principles of this Agreement, without the approval or vote of the Members, including without limitation:

 

·To issue non-substantive amendments to this Agreement to correct minor technical errors;

 

 

·To cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision herein which may be inconsistent with any other provision herein, or to add any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Agreement which will not be materially inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement;

 

 

·To appoint a different tax matters Member;

 

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·To take such steps as the Manager deems advisable to preserve the tax status of the Company as an entity that is not taxable as a corporation for federal or state income tax purposes;

 

 

·To delete or add any provisions to this Agreement as requested by the Securities and Exchange Commission or by state securities officials which is deemed by such regulatory agency or official to be for the benefit or protection of the Members; or

 

 

·To make amendments similar to the foregoing so long as such action shall not materially and adversely affect the Members.

 

15.3 Binding Effect

 

Except as may be otherwise prohibited by this Agreement, every covenant, term and provision of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Members and their respective heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors, transferees, and assigns.

 

15.4 Construction

 

Every covenant, term, and provision of this Agreement shall be construed simply according to its fair meaning and not strictly for or against any Member or the Manager.

 

15.5 Time

 

Time is of the essence with respect to this Agreement.

 

15.6 Headings

 

Article and other headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and are not intended to describe, interpret, define, or limit the scope, extent, or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.

 

15.7 Agreement Is Controlling

 

In the event of a direct conflict between any provision of this Agreement and the Act, the Agreement shall control unless the conflicting provision of the Act is non-waivable, in which case the conflicting provision in the Agreement shall become subject to the severability provisions of Article 15.8 below.

 

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15.8 Severability

 

Every provision of this Agreement is intended to be severable. If any phrase, sentence, paragraph, or provision of this Agreement or its application thereof to any Person or circumstance is unenforceable, invalid, the affected phrase, sentence, paragraph, or provision shall be limited, construed, and applied in a manner that is valid and enforceable. If the conflict was with a non-waivable provision of the Act, phrase, sentence, paragraph, or provision shall be modified to conform to the Act. In any event, the remaining provisions of this Agreement shall be given their full effect without the invalid provision or application. If any term or provision hereof is illegal or invalid for any reason whatsoever, such legality or invalidity shall not affect the validity or legality of the remainder of this Agreement.

 

15.9 Incorporation by Reference

 

Every Appendix, schedule, and other Exhibit, that is attached to this Agreement or referred to herein, is hereby incorporated in this Agreement by reference.

 

15.10 Additional Acts and Documents

 

The Manager agrees to perform all further acts and execute, acknowledge, and deliver any documents that may be reasonably necessary, appropriate, or desirable to carry out the provisions of this Agreement.

 

15.11 California Law

 

The laws of the State of California shall govern the validity of this Agreement, the construction of its terms, and the interpretation of the rights and duties of the Members.

 

15.12 Counterpart Execution

 

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts with the same effect as if all of the Members and the Manager had signed the same document. All the counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute one agreement.

 

15.13 Merger

 

It is agreed that all prior understandings and agreements between the parties, written and oral, respecting this transaction are merged in this Agreement, which alone, fully and completely expresses such agreement, and that there are no other agreements except as specifically set forth in this Agreement.

 

REST OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

 

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            IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto, whose names and contact information follows, have executed this Company Agreement of Paradyme Equities, LLC as of the dates provided below.

 

May 1, 2019

By: Paradyme Equities, LLC,

A California limited liability company

 

By: Its Manager, PARADYME FUNDING, INC.,

A California Corporation

 

______________________________

Ryan Garland

CEO

 

ALL SUBSCRIBERS MUST COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SIGNATURE PAGE (APPENDIX A) AND RETURN THE EXECUTED PAGES ALONG WITH THEIR COMPLETED SUBSCRIPTION BOOKLET TO THE MANAGER AT THE ADDRESS PROVIDED HEREIN.

 

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Appendix A: Member Signature and Contact Page

 

BY SIGNING THE SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT, HERETO ATTACHED, THE INVESTOR ACKNOWLEDGES THAT, THEY HAVE READ, UNDERSTAND, AND AGREE TO THE DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROCEDURE DESCRIBED IN ARTICLE 13 HEREOF; THEY HAVE SOUGHT ADVICE OF THEIR OWN COUNSEL TO THE EXTENT THEY DEEM NECESSARY; AND ARE GIVING UP THEIR RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY AND THEIR RIGHT TO CONDUCT PRETRIAL DISCOVERY.                                           

 

BY SIGNING THE SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT, HERETO ATTACHED, THE INVESTOR HAS EXECUTED THIS COMPANY AGREEMENT ON THE DATE SET FORTH IN THE SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT.

 

THE SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT AND THIS OPERATING AGREEMENT ARE NOT DEEMED ENTER INTO UNTIL SUCH TIME THAT THE MANAGER COUNTERSIGNS SUCH SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT

 

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Appendix B: Table 1, Class A Members

 

Identification of Class A Members and Percentage Interests

(FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY)

 

Entity Name

Capital Contribution

Number of Class A Units Purchase

Ownership of Class A Interests

Ownership Percentage of Total Interests

 

TOTAL

 

100.00%

99.000%

 

*DUPLICATE THIS PAGE IF NECESSARY

 

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Appendix B: Table 2, Class B Members

 

Identification of Class B Members and Percentage Interest

(FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY)

 

Entity Name

Capital Contribution

Ownership of Class B Interests

Ownership Percentage of Total Interests

Paradyme Funding, Inc.

$0

100%

1.00%

 

TOTAL

$0

100.00%

1.00%

 

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Appendix C: Capital Accounts and Allocations

 

1. Capital Accounts

 

An individual Capital Account shall be maintained for each Member in accordance with Treasury Regulation section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv) and adjusted with the following provisions:

 

a. A Member’s Capital Account shall be increased by that Member’s Capital Contributions and that Member’s share of Profits.

 

b. A Member’s Capital Account shall be increased by the amount of any Company liabilities assumed by that Member subject to and in accordance with Regulation section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(c).

 

c. A Member’s Capital Account shall be decreased by (a) the amount of cash distributed to that Member and (b) the Gross Asset Value of the assets of the Company so distributed, net of liabilities secured by such distributed assets that the distribute Member is considered to assume or to be subject to under Code section 752.

 

d. A Member’s Capital Account shall be reduced by the Member’s share of any expenditures of the Company described in Code section 705(a)(2)(B) or which are treated as Code section 705(a)(2)(B) expenditures under Treasury Regulation section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(i) (including syndication expenses and Losses nondeductible under Code sections 267(a)(1) or 707(b)).

 

e. If any Economic Interest (or portion thereof) is transferred, the transferee of such Economic Interest or portion shall succeed to the transferor’s Capital Account attributable to such Interest or portion.

 

f. Each Member’s Capital Account shall be increased or decreased as necessary to reflect a revaluation of the assets in accordance with the requirements of Treasury Regulation section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f)-(g), including the special rules under Treasury Regulation section 1.701-1(b)(4), as applicable.

 

g. In the event the Gross Asset Values of the Company Assets are adjusted pursuant to this Agreement, the Capital Accounts of all Members shall be adjusted simultaneously to reflect the aggregate net adjustment as if the Company had recognized gain or loss equal to the amount of such aggregate net adjustment and the resulting gain or loss had been allocated among the Members in accordance with this Agreement.

 

h. The foregoing provisions and other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with the Code and applicable Treasury Regulations and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent therewith. In the event the Manager shall determine, after consultation with competent legal counsel, that it is prudent to modify the manner in which the Capital Accounts or any debits or credits thereto are allocated or computed in order to comply with such applicable federal law, the Manager shall make such modification without the consent of any other Member, provided the Manager determines in good faith that such modification is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the amounts properly distributable to any Member and that such modification will not increase the liability of any Member to third parties.

 

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2. Division of Profits and Losses for Income Tax Purposes

 

Division of Profits and Losses after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3 of this Appendix, Profits and Losses of the Company shall be allocated as follows:

 

2.1 Fiscal Year

 

After giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, Profits and Losses of the Company shall be allocated as follows:

 

2.1.1 Net Profits

 

Net Profits (which is the excess of Profits over Losses) for each Fiscal Year of the Company shall be allocated as follows:

 

a. First to reverse any Net Losses allocated to a Member solely as a result of the application of the limitation of Section 2.1.2(b) to another Member; thereafter

 

b. To the Members, in proportion to the Distributions received by the Members under Section 3 for the Fiscal Year.

 

2.1.2 Net Losses

 

Net Losses (which is the excess of Losses over Profits) for each Fiscal Year of the Company shall be allocated:

 

a. To and among the Members pro-rata according to their respective Percentage Interests; however;

 

b. Net Losses allocated pursuant to Section 2.1.2(a) hereof shall not exceed the maximum amount of Losses that can be so allocated without causing any Member to have an adjusted Capital Account deficit at the end of any Fiscal Year. In the event some but not all of the Members would have adjusted Capital Account deficits as a consequence of an allocation of Net Losses pursuant to Section 2.1.2(a), the limitation set forth in this Section 2.1.2(b) shall be applied on a Member by Member basis so as to allocate the maximum permissible Net Losses to each Member under Treasury Regulation section 1.704‑1(b)(2)(ii)(d).

 

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2.2 Special Allocations

 

2.2.1 Non-Recourse Deductions

 

Non-Recourse Deductions for any Fiscal Year shall be allocated to the Members in accordance with their Percentage Interests.

 

2.2.2 Member Non-Recourse Deductions

 

Member Nonrecourse Deductions for any Fiscal Year of the Company shall be allocated to the Members in the same proportion as Profits are allocated under Section 2.1.1, provided that any Member Nonrecourse Deductions for any Fiscal Year or other period shall be allocated to the Member who bears (or is deemed to bear) the economic risk of loss with respect to the Member Nonrecourse Debt to which such Member Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulation section 1.704-2(i)(2).

 

2.2.3 Minimum Gain Chargeback

 

Except as otherwise provided in section 1.704-2 of the Treasury Regulations, and notwithstanding any other provision of this Section, if there is a net decrease in Company Minimum Gain during any Fiscal Year, each Member shall be specially allocated items of Company Profits for such Fiscal Year (and, if necessary, subsequent Fiscal Years) in an amount equal to such Member’s share of the net decrease in Company Minimum Gain, determined in accordance with Treasury Regulation section 1.704-2(g).

 

Allocations pursuant to the previous sentence shall be made in proportion to the respective amounts required to be allocated to each Member pursuant thereto. The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with sections 1.704-2(f)(6), 1.704-2(j) (2), and other applicable provisions in section 1.704-2 of the Treasury Regulations. This Section is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirement in section 1.704-2(f) of the Treasury Regulations and shall be applied consistently therewith.

 

2.2.4 Member Minimum Gain Chargeback

 

Except as otherwise provided in Treasury Regulation section 1.704-2(i)(4) and notwithstanding any other provision of this Section, if there is a net decrease in Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain attributable to Member Nonrecourse Debt during any Company Fiscal Year, each Member who has a share of the Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain attributable to such Member Nonrecourse Debt (determined in accordance with Treasury Regulation section 1.704-2(i)(5)) shall be specially allocated items of Company income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent Fiscal Years) in an amount equal to such Member’s share of the net decrease in Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain attributable to such Member Nonrecourse Debt, determined in accordance with Treasury Regulation section 1.704-2(i)(4).

 

Allocations pursuant to the previous sentence shall be made in proportion to the respective amounts required to be allocated to each Member pursuant thereto. The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulation sections 1.702-2(i)(4) and 1.704-2(j)(2). The provisions of this Section 2.2.4 are intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirement in Treasury Regulation section 1.704-2(i)(4) and shall be interpreted in accordance therewith.

 

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Company Agreement

 

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2.2.5 Qualified Income Offset

 

In the event any Member, in such capacity, unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or Distributions described in Treasury Regulation sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4) (regarding depletion deductions), 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(5) (regarding certain mandatory allocations under the Treasury Regulations regarding family partnerships: the so called varying interest rules or certain in-kind Distributions), or 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(6) (regarding certain Distributions, to the extent they exceed certain expected offsetting increases in a Member’s Capital Account), items of Company income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Members in an amount and a manner sufficient to eliminate, as quickly as possible, the deficit balances in the Member’s Capital Account created by such adjustments, allocations, or Distributions.

 

Any special allocations of items of income or gain pursuant to this Section shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations of Profits pursuant to this Section so that the net amount of any items so allocated and the Profits, Losses, or other items so allocated to each Member pursuant to this Section, shall to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each such Member pursuant to this Section as if such unexpected adjustments, allocations, or Distributions had not occurred.

 

2.2.6 Special Allocation of Net Profit from Capital Transactions

 

After accounting for any allocations set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, Net Profit (which is the excess of Profit over Losses) of the Company resulting from a Capital Transaction shall be allocated to the Members in proportion to the Distributions received (or to be received) from such Capital Transaction under Article 4.2 of this Agreement.

 

In any Fiscal Year of the Company, Net Losses resulting from a Capital Transaction shall be allocated to Members with positive Capital Accounts, in proportion to their positive Capital Account balances, until no Member has a positive Capital Account. For this purpose, Capital Accounts shall be reduced by the adjustments set forth in Treasury Regulation section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5), and (6).

 

2.3 Other Allocations

 

2.3.1 Section 704(c) Allocations

 

In accordance with section 704(c) of the Code and the applicable Treasury Regulations issued thereunder, income, gain, loss, and deduction with respect to any property contributed to the capital of the Company shall, solely for tax purposes, be allocated among the Members so as to take account of any variation between the adjusted basis of such property to the Company for federal income tax purposes and its initial Gross Asset Value.

 

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In the event Gross Asset Value of the Company’s assets are adjusted pursuant to this Agreement, subsequent allocations of income, gain, loss, and deduction with respect to such Asset shall take into account any variation between the adjusted basis of such Asset for federal income tax purposes and its Gross Asset Value in the same manner as under section 704(c) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder.

 

The Manager shall make any election or other decisions relating to such allocations in any manner that reasonably reflects the purpose of this Agreement. Allocations made pursuant to this Section are solely for purposes of federal, state, and local taxes and shall not affect or in any way be taken into account in computing any Member’s Capital Account or share of Profits, Losses, or other items, or Distributions pursuant to any provision of this Agreement.

 

2.3.2 Curative Allocations

 

The Manager shall make such other special allocations as are required in order to comply with any mandatory provision of the applicable Treasury Regulations or to reflect a Member’s Economic Interest in the Company determined with reference to such Member’s right to receive Distributions from the Company and such Member’s obligation to pay its expenses and liabilities.

 

2.3.3 Allocation of Tax Items

 

To the extent permitted by section 1.704-1(b)(4)(i) of the Treasury Regulations, all items of income, gain, loss and deduction for federal and state income tax purposes shall be allocated to the Members in accordance with the corresponding “book” items thereof; however, all items of income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to Assets with respect to which there is a difference between “book” value and adjusted tax basis shall be allocated in accordance with the principles of section 704(c) of the Code and section 1.704-1(b)(4)(i) of the Treasury Regulations, if applicable.

 

Where a disparity exists between the book value of an Asset and its adjusted tax basis, then solely for tax purposes (and not for purposes of computing Capital Accounts), income, gain, loss, deduction and credit with respect to such Asset shall be allocated among the Members to take such difference into account in accordance with section 704(c)(i)(A) of the Code and Treasury Regulation section 1.704-1(b)(4)(i). The allocations eliminating such disparities shall be made using any reasonable method permitted by the Code, as determined by the Manager.

 

2.3.4 Acknowledgement

 

The Members are aware of the income tax consequences of the allocations made by this Section and hereby agree to be bound by the provisions of this Section in reporting their share of Company income and loss for income tax purposes.

 

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3. Treatment of Distributions of Cash for Tax Purposes

 

3.1 Distributions of Cash

 

In the event that the Company generates Distributable Cash from Capital Transactions, the Company will make Cash Distributions to the Members as described in Article 4 of the Agreement.

 

3.2 In-Kind Distribution

 

Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, without the prior approval of the Manager, Assets of the Company, other than cash, shall not be distributed in-kind to the Members. If any Assets of the Company are distributed to the Members in-kind for purposes of this Agreement, such Assets shall be valued on the basis of the Gross Asset Value thereof (without taking into account section 7701(g) of the Code) on the date of Distribution; and any Member entitled to any Interest in such Assets shall receive such Interest as a tenant-in-common with the other Member(s) so entitled with an undivided Interest in such Assets in the amount and to the extent provided for in Articles 4 and 2.2 of the Agreement.

 

Upon such Distribution, the Capital Accounts of the Members shall be adjusted to reflect the amount of gain or loss that would have been allocated to the Members pursuant to the appropriate provision of this Agreement had the Company sold the Assets being distributed for their Gross Asset Value (taking into account section 7701(g) of the Code) immediately prior to their Distribution.

 

3.3 Company Election Regarding 1031 Exchange of its Property

 

The Company may elect (by a vote of a Majority of Interests), at the time of sale of the Property, to have the Company exchange the Property for another property, in compliance with the section 1031 of the Code, in which case recognition of the gain on the sale of the Property may be deferred.

 

If this action is approved but there are individual Members who do not want to participate in the exchange, they will have the option of and relinquishing their Membership Interests in the Company and taking a Cash Distribution at the time of the sale, as described in Article 4.2 of the Agreement.

 

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3.4 Prohibited Distribution; Duty to Return

 

A Distribution to any Member may not be made if it would cause the Company’s total liabilities to exceed the fair value of the Company’s total Assets. A Member receiving a Distribution in violation of this provision is required to return it, if the Member had knowledge of the violation.

 

4. Other Tax Matters

 

4.1 Company Tax Returns

 

The Manager shall use its best efforts to cause the Company’s tax return to be prepared prior to March 1 of each year.

 

4.2 Tax Treatment of Additional or Substituted Members

 

No Additional or Substituted Class A Members (described below) shall be entitled to any retroactive allocation of Losses, income, or expense deductions incurred by the Company.

 

The Manager may, at its option, at the time an Additional or Substituted Member is admitted, close the Company books (as though the Company’s tax year had ended) or make pro rata allocations of loss, income, and expense deductions to the Additional or Substituted Member for that portion of the Company’s tax year in which the Additional Member was admitted in accordance with the provisions of section 706(d) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

4.3 Allocation and Distributions between Transferor and Transferee

 

Upon the transfer of all or any part of a Class A Member’s Interest as hereinafter provided, Profits and Losses shall be allocated between the transferor and transferee on the basis of the computation method which in the reasonable discretion of the Manager is in the best interests of the Company, provided such method is in conformity with the methods prescribed by section 706 of the Code and Treasury Regulation section 1.704-1(c)(2)(ii). Distributions shall be made to the holder of record of the Class A Member’s Interest on the date of Distribution.

 

Any transferee of a Member Interest shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor Member to the extent it relates to the transferred Interest; provided, however, that if such transfer causes a termination of the Company pursuant to section 708(b)(1)(B) of the Code, the Capital Accounts of all Class A Members, including the transferee, shall be re-determined as of the date of such termination in accordance with Treasury Regulation section 1.704-1(b).

 

5. Tax Matters Member

 

The Manager, so long as it is a Member, shall serve as the “tax matters member” for federal income tax purposes. In the event the Manager is no longer a Member in the Company, the tax matters member shall be the Majority Interest owner from amongst the Class B Members. If the Majority Class B Member is unable or unwilling to serve, the tax matters member shall be appointed from amongst the remaining Members by a Majority of Interests of the Class A Members.

 

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The tax matters member is authorized and required to represent the Company in connection with all examinations of the Company’s affairs by tax authorities, including resulting administrative and judicial proceedings, and to expend Company funds for professional services and costs associated therewith. The tax matters member shall have the final decision making authority with respect to all federal income tax matters involving the Company. The Members agree to cooperate with the tax matters member and to do or refrain from doing any or all things reasonably required by the tax matters member to conduct such proceedings. Any reasonable direct out-of-pocket expense incurred by the tax matters member in carrying out its obligations hereunder shall be allocated to and charged to the Company as an expense of the Company for which the tax matters member shall be reimbursed.

 

6. Tax Matters Related to Foreign Investors

 

6.1.1 Non-U.S. Investors

 

The discussion below is applicable solely to Non-U.S. Persons investing directly with the Company.

 

The Company will be required to withhold U.S. Federal income tax at the rate of up to thirty percent (30%), or lower treaty rate, if applicable on a Non-U.S. Person’s distributive share of any U.S. source Distributions the Company realizes and certain limited types of U.S. source interest. Withholding generally is not currently required with respect to gain from the sale of portfolio securities. The Company will, however, be required to withhold on the amount of gain realized on the disposition of a “U.S. real property interest” included in a Non-U.S. Person’s Distribution at a rate of up to thirty-nine percent (39%). Each Non-U.S. Person that invests in this Offering will be required to file a U.S. Federal income tax return reporting such gain. The Gain realized on the sale of all or any portion of a Membership Interest will, to the extent such gain is attributable to U.S. real property interests, be subject to U.S. income tax.

 

The Company will be required to withhold U.S. Federal income tax at the highest rate applicable for any “effectively connected taxable income” (as that term is defined by the IRS) allocated to a Non-U.S. Person, and the amount withheld will be available as a credit against the tax shown on such Person’s return. The computation of income effectively connected with the Company may be different from the computation of the Non-U.S. Person’s effectively connected income (because, for example, when computing the Company’s effectively connected income, net operating Losses from prior years are not available to offset the Company’s current income), so in any given year the Company may be required to withhold tax with respect to its Non-U.S. Person-Investors in excess of their individual Federal income tax liability for the year.

 

If a Non-U.S. Person invests through an entity, it may be subject to the thirty percent (30%) branch profits tax on its effectively connected income. The branch profits tax is a tax on the “dividend equivalent amount” of a non-U.S. corporation (which may apply in the case of a limited liability company), which is approximately equal to the amount of such Company’s earnings and profits attributable to effectively connected income that is not treated as reinvested in the U.S. The effect of the branch profits tax is to increase the maximum U.S. Federal income tax rate on effectively connected income from thirty-five percent (35%) to over fifty percent (50%). Some U.S. income tax treaties provide exemptions from, or reduced rates for, the branch profits tax for “qualified residents” of the treaty country. The branch profits tax may also apply if a Non-U.S. Person claims deductions against their effectively connected income from the Company for interest on indebtedness of its non-U.S. Member.

 

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Company Agreement

 

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The Company is authorized to withhold and pay over any withholding taxes and treat such withholding as a payment to the Non-U.S. Person if the withholding was required. Such payment will be treated as a Distribution to the extent that the Non-U.S. Person is then entitled to receive a Distribution. To the extent that the aggregate of such payments to a Non-U.S. Person for any period exceeds the Distributions to which they are entitled for such period, the Company will notify the Non-U.S. Person as to the amount of such excess and the amount of such excess will be treated as a loan by the Company to the Non-U.S. Person. If a Non-U.S. Person owns a Membership Interest directly on the date of death, its estate could be further subject to U.S. estate tax with respect to such Interest.

 

6.1.2 Foreign Person Withholding

 

The Company shall comply with all reporting and withholding requirements imposed with respect to Non-U.S. Persons, as defined in the Code, and any Member that is a Non-U.S. Person shall be obligated to contribute to the Company any funds necessary to enable the Company (to the extent not available out of such Member’s share of Distributable Cash or Net Proceeds of Capital Transactions) to satisfy any such withholding obligations. In the event any Member shall fail to contribute to the Company any funds necessary to enable the Company to satisfy any withholding obligation, the Manager shall have the right to offset against any payments due and owing to such Member, or its Affiliates, the amounts necessary to satisfy such withholding obligation, or, in the event the Company shall be required to borrow funds to satisfy any withholding obligation by reason of a Member’s failure to contribute such funds to the Company, the Manager shall have the right to offset against said Member’s present and future Distributions, an amount equal to the amount so borrowed plus the greater of (i) the Company’s actual cost of borrowing such funds, or (ii) the amount borrowed, multiplied by fifteen percent (15%).

 

6.1.3 Non-U.S. Taxes

 

The Company may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by, and the Non-U.S. Person might be subject to, taxation and reporting requirements in non-U.S. jurisdictions. It is possible that tax conventions between such countries and the U.S. (or another jurisdiction in which a non-U.S. Member is a resident) might reduce or eliminate certain of such taxes. It is also possible that in some cases, if the Non-U.S. Person is a taxable Member, it might be entitled to claim U.S. tax credits or deductions with respect to such taxes, subject to certain limitations under applicable law. The Company will treat any such tax withheld from or otherwise payable with respect to income allocated to the Company as cash the Company received and will treat the Non-U.S. Person as receiving a payment equal to the portion of such tax that is attributable to it. Similar provisions would apply in the case of taxes the Company is required to withhold.

 

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Company Agreement

 

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Appendix D: Definitions

 

Defined terms are capitalized in this Agreement. The singular form of any term defined below shall include the plural form and the plural form shall include the singular. Whenever they appear capitalized in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below unless the context clearly requires a different interpretation:

 

Act shall mean the California Revised Uniform Limited Liability Company Act, as codified in the California Corporations Code, Title 2.6, §§17701 et seq.t as may be amended from time to time, unless a superseding Act governing limited liability companies is enacted by the state legislature and given retroactive effect or repeals this Act in such a manner that it can no longer be applied to interpret this Agreement, in which case Act shall automatically refer to the new Act, where applicable, to the extent such re-interpretation is not contrary to the express provisions of this Agreement.

 

Additional Capital Contribution shall mean any contribution to the capital of the Company in cash, property, or services by a Member made subsequent to the Member’s initial Capital Contribution.

 

Additional Member shall mean any Person that is admitted to the Company as a new or additional member, based on the affirmative vote of the Class A Members holding a majority of the Class A Percentage Interests, (except in the event of a failed capital call - see Article 2.3 and Article 11.2), after offering of Interests to new Members has been closed by the Manager.

 

Advance, Advances or Member Loans shall have meanings as provided in Article 3 hereof.

 

Affiliate or Affiliated shall mean any Person controlling or controlled by or under common control with the Manager or a Member wherein the Manager or Member retains greater than fifty percent (50%) control of the Affiliate if an entity.

 

Agreement or Company Agreement shall mean this written agreement, which shall govern the affairs of the Company and the conduct of its business consistent with the Act or the Certificate of Formation, including all amendments thereto. No other document or other agreement between the Members shall be treated as part or superseding this Agreement unless it has been signed by all of the Members. This Company Agreement will supersede any prior versions of the Company Agreement.

 

Article when capitalized and followed by a number refers the sections of this Company Agreement and its Appendices.

 

Asset or Company Asset shall mean any real or personal property owned by the Company.

 

Bankrupt or Bankruptcy means, with respect to any Person, being the subject of an order for relief under Title 11 of the United States Code, or any successor statute or other statute in any foreign jurisdiction having like import or effect.

 

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Borrower shall mean those entities to whom the Company lends Company capital to in order to achieve the objectives of the Company. THE BORROWER, IN SOME CASES, MAY BE A PARTY AFFILIATED WITH THE MANAGER OR COMPANY.

 

Capital Account shall mean the amount of the capital interest of a Member in the Company consisting of that Member’s original contribution, as (1) increased by any additional contributions and by that Member’s share of the Company Profits, and (2) decreased by any Distribution to that Member and by that Member’s share of the Company’s Losses.

 

Capital Contribution or Contribution shall mean any contribution to the capital of the Company in cash, property, or services by a Member whenever made.

 

Capital Transaction shall mean the sale or disposition of a Company Asset.

 

Certificate of Formation shall mean the document filed with the California Secretary of State pursuant to the formation of the Company, and any amendments thereto or restatements thereof.

 

Class A Members shall mean those Members who have purchased Class A Units.

 

Class A Interests shall mean the Units purchased by the Class A Members. The Class A Interests shall comprise ninety percent (99%) of the total Interests sold.

 

Class A Percentage Interest shall be determined by calculating the ratio between each Class A Member’s Capital Account in relation to the total capitalization of the Company provided by the Class A Members.

 

Class A Units shall mean the Units purchased by the Class A Members.

 

Class B Interest shall mean the one percent (1%) of the total Interests in the Company, which shall be issued to PARADYME FUNDING, INC. (or its members or their Affiliates) in exchange for services.

 

Class B Members shall initially mean PARADYME FUNDING, INC. (or its Affiliates and/or members), but may include others to whom the Manager may grant or allow to purchase Class B Interests. Issuance of the Class B Units is irrevocable even if PARADYME FUNDING, INC. is removed as the Manager of the Company.

 

Code shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

 

Company shall refer to Paradyme Equities, LLC, A California limited liability company.

 

Company Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in sections 1.704‑2(b)(2) and 1.704‑2(d) of the Treasury Regulations.

 

Defaulting Member shall mean a Member who fails to make any portion of its Capital Contribution, including any Additional Capital Contribution the Member has elected to make within the time period permitted hereunder.

 

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Disassociation shall mean an action of the Manager to remove a Member’s right to participate in management (i.e., removal of its voting Interest) for cause (per Article 12.1) or by operation of law (per Article 12.2).

 

Disassociated Member shall mean a Member who has been involuntarily disassociated from the Company by one of the actions described in Article 12.1 or 12.2, or by Voluntary Transfer of its Membership Interest to a Voluntary Transferee as described in Articles 11.3 through 11.5.

 

Dispute, when capitalized, shall have the meaning set for in Article 13 hereof.

 

Distributable Cash means all cash of the Company derived from Company operations or Capital Transactions and miscellaneous sources (whether or not in the ordinary course of business) reduced by: (a) the amount necessary for the payment of all current installments of interest and/or principal due and owing with respect to third party debts and liabilities of the Company during such period, including but not limited to any real estate commissions, property management fees, marketing fees, utilities, closing costs, holding costs, construction costs, etc., incurred by or on behalf of the Company; (b) the repayment of Advances, plus interest thereon; and (c) such additional reasonable amounts as the Manager, in the exercise of sound business judgment, determines to be necessary or desirable as a “Reserve” for the operation of the business and future or contingent liabilities of the Company. Distributable Cash may be generated through either operations or Capital Transactions.

 

Distribution, Distributions or Cash Distributions shall mean the disbursement of cash or other property to the Manager or Members in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

Economic Interest shall mean a Person’s right to share in the income, gains, losses, deductions, credit, or similar items of, and to receive Distributions from, the Company, but does not include any other rights of a Member, including, without limitation, the right to vote or to participate in management, except as provided in the Act, and any right to information concerning the business and affairs of the Company.

 

Estimated Market Value shall mean the estimated market value of the Company, which shall be determined annually by the Manager and reported to the Members.

 

Fee shall mean an amount earned by the Manager or an Affiliate as compensation for various aspects of operation of the Company, as described in Article 5.2 hereof.

 

Fiscal Year shall mean the Company’s fiscal year, which shall be the calendar year.

 

Good Cause shall have the meaning set forth in Article 8.3 hereof.

 

Gross Asset Value shall mean the asset’s adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes, except as follows: the initial Gross Asset Value of any asset contributed by a Member to the Company shall be the gross Estimated Market Value of such asset as determined annually by the Manager. Gross Asset Value may be adjusted pursuant to Code sections 734 and 754 whenever it is determined by the Manager that such adjustment is appropriate and advantageous.

 

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Interest or Membership Interest shall mean a Member’s rights in the Company including the Member’s Economic Interest, plus any additional right to vote or participate in management, and any right to information concerning the business and affairs of the Company provided by the Act and/or described in this Agreement.

 

Investor shall mean a Person who is contemplating the purchase of Class A Units.

 

Involuntary Transfer shall mean any transfer not specifically authorized under Article 11.

 

Involuntary Transferee shall mean a Member’s heirs, estate, or creditors that have taken by foreclosure, receivership, or inheritance and not as a result of a Voluntary Transfer.

 

Losses shall mean, for each Fiscal Year, the losses and deductions of the Company determined in accordance with accounting principles consistently applied from year to year under the cash method of accounting and as reported, separately or in the aggregate as appropriate, on the Company’s information tax return filed for federal income tax purposes plus any expenditures described in section 705(a)(2)(B) of the Code.

 

Loans shall mean a specific type of asset-based loan financing through which a borrower (“Borrower”) receives funds secured by the value of a parcel of real estate.

 

Major Decisions shall mean those decisions listed in Article 6.4 hereof.

 

Majority of Interests shall mean Members whose collective Percentage Interests represent more than fifty percent (50%) of the Interests, whether in the Company or in a particular Class, as specified in specific provisions of this Agreement. Where no class is specified, a Majority of Interests refers to Members having a majority of the total interests in the Company, regardless of class.

 

Manager shall initially refer to PARADYME FUNDING, INC., a California corporation and each of its officers, shareholders, directors, employees and agents or any other Person or Persons, as well as any of its Affiliates that may become a Manager pursuant to this Agreement as further described in Article 1.4 of this Agreement or any other Manager who shall be qualified and elected per Article 8 of this Agreement.

 

Member means only a Person who: (1) has been admitted to the Company as a Member in accordance with the Certificate of Formation or this Agreement, or an assignee of an Interest in the Company who has become a Member; (2) who has not resigned, withdrawn, or been expelled as a Member or, if other than an individual, been dissolved. Member does not include a Person who succeeds to the Economic Interest of a Member, unless such Person is admitted as a new, Substitute or Additional Member, in accordance with the provisions for such admission as further described herein.

 

Member Nonrecourse Debt has the meaning set forth in section 1.704‑2(b)(4) of the Treasury Regulations.

 

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Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount, with respect to each Member Nonrecourse Debt, equal to the Company Minimum Gain that would result if such Member Nonrecourse Debt were treated as a Nonrecourse Liability, determined in accordance with section 1.704‑2(i)(3) of the Treasury Regulations.

 

Member Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulation section 1.704-2(i)(2). For any Fiscal Year of the Company, the amount of Member Nonrecourse Deductions with respect to a Member Nonrecourse Debt equals the net increase during that Fiscal Year in Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain attributable to such Member Nonrecourse Debt during that Fiscal Year, reduced (but not below zero) by the amount of any Distributions during such year to the Member bearing the economic risk of loss for such Member Nonrecourse Debt if such Distributions are both from the proceeds of such Member Nonrecourse Debt and are allocable to an increase in Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain attributable to such Member Nonrecourse Debt, all as determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulation section 1.704-2(i)(2). In determining Member Nonrecourse Deductions, the ordering rules of Treasury Regulation section 1.704-2(j) shall be followed.

 

Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulation section 1.704-2(c). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions for a Company Fiscal Year equals the net increase in the amount of Company Minimum Gain during that Fiscal Year, reduced (but not below zero) by the aggregate amount of any Distributions during that Fiscal Year of proceeds of a Nonrecourse Liability that are allocable to an increase in Company Minimum Gain.

 

Nonrecourse Liability has the meaning set forth in section 1.704-2(b)(3) of the Treasury Regulations.

 

Notice of Sale shall have the meaning set forth in Article 11.5.1, pertaining to a Voluntary Transfer of a Member’s Interest.

 

Notice to Perform shall have the meaning set forth in Article 8.2.

 

Organization Expenses shall mean legal, accounting, and other expenses incurred in connection with the formation of the Company.

 

Percentage Interest shall mean the ownership interest in the Company of a Member, which shall be the calculated by dividing the number of Units purchased by the Member by the total number of Units (Class A or B) issued. See Article 2.2 of this Agreement; see also definition of Class A Percentage Interests above and Appendix B, Tables 1 and 2, attached to this Agreement.

 

Person means an individual, a partnership, a domestic or foreign limited liability company, a trust, an estate, an association, a corporation, or any other legal entity.

 

Preferred Return shall mean a pre-tax non-cumulative annual return of eight percent (8.0%) non-compounding on the outstanding amount of each such Class A Member’s initial capital contribution.

 

Procedure, when capitalized, shall refer to the Internal Dispute Resolution Procedure described in Article 13 hereof.

 

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Profits shall mean, for each Fiscal Year, the income and gains of the Company determined in accordance with accounting principles consistently applied from year to year under the cash method of accounting and as reported, separately or in the aggregate as appropriate, on the Company’s informational tax return filed for federal income tax purposes plus any income described in section 705(a)(1)(B) of the Code.

 

Property or Properties shall mean those real properties the Company purchases or on which the Company lends that are secured by a deed of trust or mortgage.

 

Purchasing Member shall mean any current Member (or member of the Manager) contemplating the purchase of all or any portion of the rights of membership in the Company of a Member, including the Member’s Economic Interest and/or voting rights referenced in Articles 11 and 12.

 

Remaining Members shall have the meaning set forth in Articles 11.5.3 and 12.3 hereof.

 

Removal Notice shall have the meaning set forth in Article 8.4 hereof.

 

Section, when capitalized and followed by a number, refers the sections of the Appendices to this Company Agreement.

 

Selling Member shall mean any Member that sells, assigns, hypothecates, pledges, or otherwise transfers all or any portion of its rights of membership in the Company, including its Economic Interest and/or voting rights.

 

Substitute Member or Substituted Member shall mean any Person or entity admitted to the Company, after approval by the Manager, with all the rights of a Member pursuant to Article 11.4 of this Agreement and Section 4.3 of Appendix C to this Agreement.

 

Transferee, when capitalized, shall have the meaning set forth in Article 11.4 hereof.

 

Treasury Regulations shall mean the Regulations issued by the United States Department of the Treasury under the Code.

 

Unit shall mean the incremental dollar amount established by the Manager for sale of Interests that Investors can purchase in order to become Members of the Company. Note: Units issued by the Company are “personal property” and not “real property” Interests, thus, may be ineligible for exchange under federal tax law or “1031 exchange” rules.

 

Unreturned Capital Contributions means all Capital Contributions made by a Class A Member less any returned capital.

 

Voluntary Transfer shall have the meaning set forth in Article 11.

 

Working Capital and Reserves, Reserve or Reserves shall mean, with respect to any fiscal period, funds set aside or amounts allocated during such period to Reserves that shall be maintained in amounts deemed sufficient by the Manager for working capital and to pay taxes, insurance, debt service, or other costs or expenses incidental to the ownership or operation of the Company’s business.

 

Paradyme Equities, LLC

Company Agreement

 
D-6

 

EX1A-11 CONSENT 6 paradyme_ex11.htm CONSENT paradyme_ex11.htm

EXHIBIT 11

 

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITOR

 

We consent to the use in the Offering Circular constituting a part of this Offering Statement on Form 1‑A, as it may be amended, of our Independent Auditor’s Report dated April 10, 2019 relating to the balance sheet of Paradyme Equities LLC as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the related statements of operations, changes in members’ capital, and cash flows for the calendar year period 2018 and the period from May 16, 2017 (inception) to December 31, 2017, and the related notes to the financial statements.

 

/s/ IndigoSpire CPA Group, LLC

Aurora, CO

 

July 15, 2019

EX1A-12 OPN CNSL 7 paradyme_ex12.htm OPINION RE: LEGALITY paradyme_ex12.htm

EXHIBIT 12


Paradyme Equities, LLC

c/o Paradyme Funding, Inc.

Ryan Garland

29165 Ridgeline Court

Temecula, CA 92590

 

October 2, 2017

 

Re: Qualification Statement for Paradyme Equities, LLC on Form 1-A

 

To whom it may concern:

 

I have been retained by Paradyme Equities, LLC (the "Company"), in connection with the Qualification Statement (the "Qualification Statement") on Form 1-A, relating to the offering of 50,000 Class A Interests to be sold. You have requested that I render my opinion as to whether or not the securities proposed to be issued on terms set forth in the Qualification Statement will be validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable. The purchasers of the securities will have no obligation to make payments to the Company other than the price for the securities. Purchasers will not have any obligations to creditors of the Company due to the purchasers’ ownership of the Preferred Membership Interests.

 

In connection with the request, I have examined the following:

 

1. Articles of Organization of the Company;

2. Operating Agreement of the Company; and

3. The Qualification Statement

 

I have examined such other corporate records and documents and have made such other examinations, as I have deemed relevant.

 

Based on the above examination, I am of the opinion that the securities of the Company to be issued pursuant to the Qualification Statement are validly authorized and will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

 

I hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit and to the Qualification Statement and to the reference to our firm under “Experts” in the related Prospectus. In giving the foregoing consent, we do not hereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act, or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

 

Sincerely,

 

/s/ Jillian Ivey Sidoti, Esq.

 

 

38730 Sky Canyon Drive, Ste A, Murrieta, CA 92563

EX1A-15 ADD EXHB 8 paradyme_ex15.htm TAX OPINION paradyme_ex15.htm

EXHIBIT 15

 

 

August 12, 2017

 

To: Board of Managers, Paradyme Equities, LLC

 

 

Re:

Tax Opinion - Form 1-A Offering Statement

   

This opinion letter (the “Opinion”) is being furnished to you as the management of Paradyme Equities, LLC (the “Company”) pursuant to Item 608(b)(8) of Regulation S-K in connection with your submission of a Form 1-A offering registration statement under Title IV of the JOBS Act (“Offering Documents”) to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. The Opinion complies with the requirements for written advice as outlined in Treasury Circular 203, § 10.37(a)(2) as outlined below.

 

We base the Opinion on reasonable factual and legal assumptions including assumptions as to future events. The assumptions are derived from your reasonable representations to us as well as the relevant legal documents pertinent to the Opinion (e.g. the Offering Documents, state filings, etc.). You should carefully review the Background and Relevant Facts section of this Opinion for accuracy and completeness as well as any request for a management representations letter. Any clarifications should be provided immediately as we reasonably rely on the truthfulness of your representations in the Opinion.

 

Disclaimer

 

The Opinion is limited to the matters discussed below and is valid only pertaining to matters of US federal taxation (unless otherwise noted) according to the statutes, regulation, case law and other guidance in effect as of the date of the Opinion. References to tax law are as contained in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code” or “IRC”) and the regulations thereunder (“Treas. Reg.” or the “Regulations”).

 

The Opinion cannot, and specifically does not, provide for the specific tax treatment of any issue with respect to any individual or group of investors. Each investor’s tax situation can be different based on residency, entity form, applicable rates and mechanisms for taxation. Investors should seek their own competent advice.

 

 
1
 
 

 

Background and Relevant Facts

   

 

1.

The Company is a duly formed limited liability company organized and registered in the state of California. The Company was formed on May 16, 2017.

 

 

 

 

2.

The Company will be managed exclusively by a manager (the “Manager”) and members will not participate in the management of the Company except in very limited circumstances (e.g. the removal of a manager, etc.).

 

 

 

 

3.

Interests in the Company are not sold on an established securities market nor will the interests of the Company be readily tradeable on a secondary securities market.

 

 

 

 

4.

The Company will earn more than 90 percent of its gross income in each taxable year in the form of interests, dividends, real property rents, gain from the sale or disposition of real or capital property or natural resource exploitation or as described in IRC § 7704(d) (“Qualifying Income”).

 

 

 

 

5.

The Company is not in bankruptcy nor is it a regulated investment company, a real estate investment trust or a real estate mortgage investment conduit for US federal income tax purposes.

 

 

 

 

6.

The Manager has not filed an Entity Classification Change Election, Form 8832, with respect to the Company.

 

 

 

 

7.

The Company is engaged in a bona fide, profit-seeking business in which managers will use members’ capital to allocate to investments that the Manager deems best.

 

 

 

 

8.

The avoidance or evasion of US federal income tax is not a significant purpose of the formation of the Company.

 

 

 

 

9.

The operations of the Company are not anticipated or expected to give rise to transactions determined by the Treasury Secretary to be “reportable” or “listed” transactions within the meaning of IRC § 6707A(c)(1) and (2).

 

 

 

 

10.

The Company will allocate items of taxable income, deductions, gains, losses and credits in accordance with the Company’s operating agreement affecting members’ capital accounts and giving the allocations to members and Manager substantial economic effect.

 

 

 

 

11.

The formation and operations of the Company have real economic substance within the meaning of IRC § 7701(o).

    

Issues Addressed

    

 

1.

What is the proper US federal income tax classification of the Company?

 

2.

What is the tax treatment to the Company of members’ securities subscriptions?

 

3.

How should income, deductions and credits be allocated to members?

      

 
2
 
 

 

Conclusions

 

 

1. The Company should be classified as a partnership for US federal income tax purposes.

 

 

 

 

However, if the interest of the Company become readily tradeable on a secondary market, then the Company could be treated as a publicly traded partnership (“PTP”). If, the Company becomes a PTP and less than 90 percent of its gross income is Qualifying Income, the Company should be treated as a taxable corporation.

 

 

 

 

For the sake of completeness, the Company should not be classified as a tax shelter nor required to register as such. In 2004, the Code was amended to remove tax shelter registration requirements in favor of registration of material advisors in certain listed or reportable transactions. The Company should not be subject to that material advisor registration requirement.

 

 

 

 

2. The proceeds from the issuance of membership interest in the Company in connection with the Offering Documents should not be treated as taxable income to the Company.

 

 

 

 

3. Items of income, deductions and credits should be allocated to members in accordance with the operating agreement of the Company.

 

 

 

 

Generally, these items would be taxable to the members rather than the Company and should be considered “passive” in nature with respect to the passive activity loss rules.

 

 

 

 

Allocations of income to non-US taxpayers is subject to IRC § 1446, or IRC § 1445 in the case of gains allocated to non-US taxpayers from the sale of real property located in the US, and requires the Company to withhold and remit certain income taxes.

 

Discussion and Analysis

 

Classification of the Company

 

In the absence of another provision, the default treatment of an entity is governed by the subsections of Treas. Reg. § 301.7701-3. Under these regulations, a domestic, non-corporate entity with two or more members is treated as a partnership for US federal income tax purposes (Treas. Reg. § 301.7701-3(b)(1)(i)) by default. Domestic, non-corporate entities are eligible to make an entity classification election under Treas. Reg. § 301.7701-3(c) to be treated as a corporation.

 

The provisions above notwithstanding, IRC § 7704 provides that certain partnerships, even without making an entity classification election to be treated as a corporation, may be taxed as a corporation if they are a PTP where less than 90 percent of the income of the entity is Qualifying Income.

 

A partnership is a PTP if the interests in the partnership are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market (IRC § 7704(b)).

 

A PTP will be treated and taxed as a corporation if less than 90 percent of its gross income in any taxable year is Qualifying Income. IRC § 7704(d) provides that Qualifying Income consists of interest, dividends, real property rents, gain from the sale or disposition of real property, income or gains derived from the exploration of certain natural resources, gain from the sale or disposition of a capital asset.

 

 
3
 
 

 

 

- Analysis

 

The Company is a limited liability company and not a corporate entity. The Company has or will have more than one owner. The Manager did not file an entity classification election. The Company is not a PTP. Therefore, the Company should be treated as a partnership for US federal income tax purposes.

 

If, through circumstances beyond its control, the Company’s interests become readily tradable on a secondary exchange or marketplace, the Company could become a PTP. If, as a PTP, the constitution of gross income of the Company falls below 90 percent Qualifying Income, then the Company will be treated and taxed as a corporation.

 

For entities created after October 22, 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 removed the tax shelter registration requirements and replaced them with a registration mechanism for material advisors of reportable or listed transactions contained in IRC § 6662. As the Company is not engaged, nor planning to engage in, reportable or listed transactions, the provisions of IRC § 6662 are not expected to apply.

 

Treatment of Members’ Subscriptions

 

IRC § 721(a) provides that a partnership should not recognize gain or loss in the case of property (including cash subscriptions) contributed to a partnership in exchange for an interest in the partnership.

 

 

- Analysis

 

Members’ capital commitments are treated as property contributed to a partnership in exchange for an interest in the partnership. Therefore, under the terms of the Offering Documents, the Company should not recognize income on the receipt of members’ capital proceeds.

 

Allocation of Income to Members

 

IRC § 701 provides that partnerships are generally not subject to income tax on their own account. The mechanism for taxation is to pass all items of income, loss, deductions, credits, etc. to the members in their proportionate share, subject to important exceptions for property other than cash (IRC § 704) or allocations to non-US partners. IRC § 469 provides that the income or loss allocated from the partnership should be considered “passive” when derived from activities where the partner does not materially participate in the business.

 

To minimize abusive partnership allocations, the Code and Regulations provide that property contributed to a partnership with a different fair market value than tax basis requires adjustments to the allocations (IRC § 704(c)). As the Offering Documents prescribe the contribution of cash, a further discussion of special allocations is not necessary.

 

To provide for efficient tax collection from non-US partners, the Code requires partnership to collect and remit withholding taxes on certain amounts allocable to non-US partners that is effectively connected with the conduct of a US trade or business (IRC § 1445) or gains from the sale of real property interests located in the US (IRC § 1446). A further discussion of these non-US partner withholdings can be provided at the appropriate time.

 

 
4
 
 

 

 

- Analysis

 

The Offering Documents provide extensive provisions on how items are to be allocated among the different classes of interests as well as in what percentage of those different classes. The allocations are reflected in capital accounts and have substantial economic effect. Therefore, the individual items of income, loss, deductions, credits, etc. should flow-through to the partners in their proportionate share.

 

Because members do not materially participate in the Company, their income or loss should generally be considered “passive” with respect to the passive activity loss rules.

 

Special allocation provisions should not be applicable to the Company as the partners will only be contributing cash in exchange for interests in the Company.

 

Withholding provisions for non-US partners can be discussed in more detail as they become applicable but further conclusions are outside the scope of the Opinion.

 

Please let us know if you have any questions or concerns regarding the above.

   

       

Best regards,


IndigoSpire Advisors

 

IndigoSpire Advisors, LLC

San Jose, CA

 

 

5

 

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