Note 11—Commitments and Contingencies

Capital stock transactions—The Company has determined that there have been defects with respect to certain capital stock transactions, including stock issuances and a reverse stock split, which were not effected in accordance with the requirements of applicable law. The Company could be subject to claims based on the defects. The Company believes any loss as a result of such defects is remote.

Legal—In the normal course of business, the Company is at times subject to pending and threatened legal actions. In management’s opinion, any potential loss resulting from the resolution of these matters will not have a material effect on the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company.

On August 30, 2018, Strata Skin Sciences, Inc. and Uri Geiger, a member of the board of directors of Strata Skin Sciences, Inc. (collectively “Strata”) filed an action against the Company in Pennsylvania State Court, Montgomery County (Civil Action No. 18-21421), requesting declaratory relief that: (1) Strata is not liable for tortious interference, defamation, libel, or unfair competition based on an e-mail by Mr. Geiger to an investment bank (the “Geiger Email”); (2) Strata made no actionable statements about the Company to such investment bank; (3) the Company cannot enforce the 2011 settlement and release agreement between the Company and PhotoMedex, Inc. (“Settlement Agreement”) against Strata; and (4) that any dispute regarding the Geiger Email does not relate to the Settlement Agreement. The action filed by Strata does not request any monetary damages. The Company believes that the action by Strata was filed as a response to a letter that the Company sent to Strata on August 22, 2018 demanding that Strata and Mr. Geiger cease and desist from making statements about alleged patent infringement and affirmatively retract the statements made in the Geiger Email. The Company was served with the action on August 31, 2018, and responded with preliminary objections to the action on September 19, 2018. The Company believes that Strata’s action lacks merit, and plans to vigorously oppose the action on procedural and substantive grounds within the prescribed time limits.

Lease commitments—The Company has various noncancelable operating leases related to office spaces and manufacturing facilities in Carlsbad, California. In 2017, the Company entered into a new operating lease for office space and manufacturing facilities and abandoned its old leases.

Some of these agreements have escalating rent payment provisions. Rent expense under such agreements is recognized on a straight-line basis. Total rent expense for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively and $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Future minimum rental payments due are as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending December 31,
2018 (remaining three months)	$	122
2019		500
2020		514
2021		528
2022		432
Thereafter		2,363
Total	$	4,459