Redeemable Preferred Stock	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Redeemable Preferred Stock
Redeemable Preferred Stock	(16) Redeemable Preferred Stock On April 21, 2020, the Company issued 152,250 shares of Preferred Stock. The Company received approximately $149.3 million in total net proceeds from the sale of the Preferred Stock and incurred approximately $1.7 million in stock issuance costs as part of the sale. The Preferred Stock ranks senior to the Class A common stock with respect to dividends and distributions on liquidation, winding-up and dissolution. Each share of Preferred Stock had an initial liquidation preference of $1,000 per share. Holders of shares of Preferred Stock are entitled to cumulative, paid-in-kind (“PIK”) dividends, which are payable semi-annually in arrears by increasing the liquidation preference for each outstanding share of Preferred Stock. These PIK dividends accrue at an annual rate of (i) 6.00% per annum for the first ten years and (ii) 8.00% per annum thereafter, subject in each case to a 1.00% per annum increase in the event that approval of the investment by the Company’s stockholders as contemplated by Nasdaq listing rules (“Stockholder Approval”) is not obtained prior to the earlier of the Company’s 2021 annual meeting of stockholders and August 1, 2021. Holders of Preferred Stock are also entitled, on an as-converted basis, to participate in and receive any dividends declared or paid on the Class A Common Stock, and no dividends may be paid to holders of Class A Common Stock unless full participating dividends are concurrently paid to holders of Preferred Stock. The Preferred Stock’s initial carrying value is recorded at a discount to its liquidation preference. In accordance with the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5.Q, Increasing Rate Preferred Stock, the discount is considered an unstated dividend cost that must be amortized over the period preceding commencement of the perpetual dividend using the effective interest method, by charging the imputed dividend cost against retained earnings and increasing the carrying amount of the preferred stock by a corresponding amount. The discount is therefore being amortized over ten years using a 6.22% effective interest rate. The total PIK dividends and accretion of the discount combined represents a period’s total preferred stock dividend cost, which is subtracted from net income or added to net loss to arrive at net income (loss) available to Class A common stockholders on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the initial carrying value of the preferred stock has been increased by $2.3 million and $4.1 million, respectively, for the accretion of the PIK dividend. Each holder of Preferred Stock has the right, at its option, to convert its Preferred Stock, in whole or in part, into fully paid and non-assessable shares of Class A Common Stock, at any time and from time to time after the receipt of Stockholder Approval or the consent of the holders of a majority of the Preferred Stock waiving the Company’s requirement to seek Stockholder Approval. The number of shares of Class A Common Stock into which a share of Preferred Stock will convert at any time is equal to the product of (i) the then-effective conversion rate and (ii) the quotient obtained by dividing the sum of the then-effective liquidation preference per share of Preferred Stock and the amount of any accrued and unpaid PIK dividends by the initial liquidation preference of $1,000. The conversion rate of the Preferred Stock was initially set at 63.2911 shares of Class A Common Stock, based on an implied conversion price of $15.80 per share of Class A Common Stock. The conversion rate is subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, including in the event of any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization or similar events. The conversion rate is also subject to adjustment for certain antidilutive offerings occurring during the first nine months following the issuance of the Preferred Stock, subject to certain caps set forth in the certificate of designations for the Preferred Stock. The Company has the right to settle any conversion at the request of a holder of Preferred Stock in cash based on the last reported sale price of the Class A Common Stock. Subject to certain conditions, the Company may, at its option, require conversion of all (but not less than all) of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock to Class A Common Stock if, for at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days immediately preceding notification of the election to convert, the last reported closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock is at least (i) 180% of the conversion price prior to the fourth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date, (ii) 170% of the conversion price on or after the fourth and prior to the sixth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date, (iii) 160% of the conversion price on or after the sixth and prior to the eighth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date, or (iv) 150% of the conversion price on or after the eighth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date. If the Company elects to mandatorily convert all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock prior to the sixth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date, then, for purposes of such conversion, the liquidation preference of each outstanding share of Preferred Stock will be increased by the compounded amount of all remaining scheduled PIK dividend payments on the Preferred Stock through, and including, the sixth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date. The holders of the Preferred Stock are generally entitled to vote with the holders of the shares of Class A common stock on all matters submitted for a vote to the Class A common stockholders (voting together with the holders of shares of Class A common stock as one class) on an as-converted basis, subject to certain limitations. The Preferred Stock may be redeemed by the Company at any time after ten years for a cash purchase price equal to the liquidation preference as of the redemption date plus accumulated and unpaid regular PIK dividends. If the Company undergoes a change of control (as defined in the certificate of designations for the Preferred Stock), each holder of Preferred Stock may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of its then-outstanding shares of Preferred Stock for cash consideration equal to 150% of the then-current liquidation preference per share of Preferred Stock plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, if any (or, if the repurchase date for such change of control is on or after the sixth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date, 100% of the liquidation preference per share of Series A Preferred Stock plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, if any). Because the occurrence of a change of control may be outside of the Company’s control, the Company has classified the Preferred Stock as mezzanine equity on the consolidated balance sheets. If a change of control were to occur as of September 30, 2020, the Company might have been required to repurchase the Preferred Stock for $234.4 million. As of September 30, 2020, the Company believed that the occurrence of a change of control outside of the Company’s control that would trigger the right of the holder of Preferred Stock to require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of the Preferred Stock for cash was not probable. Therefore, the Preferred Stock is not accreted to the current redemption value.

Redeemable Preferred Stock

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

(16) Redeemable Preferred Stock

On April 21, 2020, the Company issued 152,250 shares of Preferred Stock. The Company received approximately $149.3 million in total net proceeds from the sale of the Preferred Stock and incurred approximately $1.7 million in stock issuance costs as part of the sale.

The Preferred Stock ranks senior to the Class A common stock with respect to dividends and distributions on liquidation, winding-up and dissolution. Each share of Preferred Stock had an initial liquidation preference of $1,000 per share. Holders of shares of Preferred Stock are entitled to cumulative, paid-in-kind (“PIK”) dividends, which are payable semi-annually in arrears by increasing the liquidation preference for each outstanding share of Preferred Stock. These PIK dividends accrue at an annual rate of (i) 6.00% per annum for the first ten years and (ii) 8.00% per annum thereafter, subject in each case to a 1.00% per annum increase in the event that approval of the investment by the Company’s stockholders as contemplated by Nasdaq listing rules (“Stockholder Approval”) is not obtained prior to the earlier of the Company’s 2021 annual meeting of stockholders and August 1, 2021. Holders of Preferred Stock are also entitled, on an as-converted basis, to participate in and receive any dividends declared or paid on the Class A Common Stock, and no dividends may be paid to holders of Class A Common Stock unless full participating dividends are concurrently paid to holders of Preferred Stock.

The Preferred Stock’s initial carrying value is recorded at a discount to its liquidation preference. In accordance with the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5.Q, Increasing Rate Preferred Stock, the discount is considered an unstated dividend cost that must be amortized over the period preceding commencement of the perpetual dividend using the effective interest method, by charging the imputed dividend cost against retained earnings and increasing the carrying amount of the preferred stock by a corresponding amount. The discount is therefore being amortized over ten years using a 6.22% effective interest rate. The total PIK dividends and accretion of the discount combined represents a period’s total preferred stock dividend cost, which is subtracted from net income or added to net loss to arrive at net income (loss) available to Class A common stockholders on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the initial carrying value of the preferred stock has been increased by $2.3 million and $4.1 million, respectively, for the accretion of the PIK dividend.

Each holder of Preferred Stock has the right, at its option, to convert its Preferred Stock, in whole or in part, into fully paid and non-assessable shares of Class A Common Stock, at any time and from time to time after the receipt of Stockholder Approval or the consent of the holders of a majority of the Preferred Stock waiving the Company’s requirement to seek Stockholder Approval. The number of shares of Class A Common Stock into which a share of Preferred Stock will convert at any time is equal to the product of (i) the then-effective conversion rate and (ii) the quotient obtained by dividing the sum of the then-effective liquidation preference per share of Preferred Stock and the amount of any accrued and unpaid PIK dividends by the initial liquidation preference of $1,000. The conversion rate of the Preferred Stock was initially set at 63.2911 shares of Class A Common Stock, based on an implied conversion price of $15.80 per share of Class A Common Stock. The conversion rate is subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, including in the event of any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization or similar events. The conversion rate is also subject to adjustment for certain antidilutive offerings occurring during the first nine months following the issuance of the Preferred Stock, subject to certain caps set forth in the certificate of designations for the Preferred Stock. The Company has the right to settle any conversion at the request of a holder of Preferred Stock in cash based on the last reported sale price of the Class A Common Stock.

Subject to certain conditions, the Company may, at its option, require conversion of all (but not less than all) of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock to Class A Common Stock if, for at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days immediately preceding notification of the election to convert, the last reported closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock is at least (i) 180% of the conversion price prior to the fourth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date, (ii) 170% of the conversion price on or after the fourth and prior to the sixth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date, (iii) 160% of the conversion price on or after the sixth and prior to the eighth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date, or (iv) 150% of the conversion price on or after the eighth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date. If the Company elects to mandatorily convert all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock prior to the sixth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date, then, for purposes of such conversion, the liquidation preference of each outstanding share of Preferred Stock will be increased by the compounded amount of all remaining scheduled PIK dividend payments on the Preferred Stock through, and including, the sixth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date.

The holders of the Preferred Stock are generally entitled to vote with the holders of the shares of Class A common stock on all matters submitted for a vote to the Class A common stockholders (voting together with the holders of shares of Class A common stock as one class) on an as-converted basis, subject to certain limitations.

The Preferred Stock may be redeemed by the Company at any time after ten years for a cash purchase price equal to the liquidation preference as of the redemption date plus accumulated and unpaid regular PIK dividends. If the Company undergoes a change of control (as defined in the certificate of designations for the Preferred Stock), each holder of Preferred Stock may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of its then-outstanding shares of Preferred Stock for cash consideration equal to 150% of the then-current liquidation preference per share of Preferred Stock plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, if any (or, if the repurchase date for such change of control is on or after the sixth semi-annual PIK dividend payment date, 100% of the liquidation preference per share of Series A Preferred Stock plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, if any). Because the occurrence of a change of control may be outside of the Company’s control, the Company has classified the Preferred Stock as mezzanine equity on the consolidated balance sheets. If a change of control were to occur as of September 30, 2020, the Company might have been required to repurchase the Preferred Stock for $234.4 million. As of September 30, 2020, the Company believed that the occurrence of a change of control outside of the Company’s control that would trigger the right of the holder of Preferred Stock to require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of the Preferred Stock for cash was not probable. Therefore, the Preferred Stock is not accreted to the current redemption value.