The Company is exposed to certain market risks during the normal course of its business arising from adverse changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. The Company selectively uses derivative financial instruments (“derivatives”), including cross-currency interest rate swap and foreign currency forward contracts and interest rate swap and cap contracts, to manage the risks from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, respectively. The Company does not purchase or hold derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.

The Company manages its debt centrally, considering tax consequences and its overall financing strategies. The Company manages its exposure to interest rate risk by using interest rate derivatives as cash flow hedges of variable rate debt or fair value hedges of fixed rate debt in order to adjust the relative fixed and variable proportions. The Company’s exposure to interest rate risk results primarily from its fixed rate to floating rate interest rate swap contracts.

A substantial portion of the Company’s operations is conducted by its subsidiaries outside of the United States in currencies other than the USD. Almost all of the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries conduct their business primarily in their local currencies, which are also their functional currencies. The USD, the EUR, GBP, Chinese Renminbi and Indian rupee are the principal currencies in which the Company and its subsidiaries enter into transactions. The Company is exposed to the impacts of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on the translation of its non-U.S. subsidiaries’ assets, liabilities and earnings into USD. The Company manages this exposure by having certain U.S. subsidiaries borrow in currencies other than the USD or utilizing cross-currency interest rate swaps as net investment hedges.

The Company and its subsidiaries are also subject to the risk that arises when they, from time to time, enter into transactions in currencies other than their functional currency. To mitigate this risk, the Company and its subsidiaries typically settle intercompany trading balances at least quarterly. The Company also selectively uses forward currency contracts to manage this risk. These contracts for the sale or purchase of European and other currencies generally mature within one year.

The following table summarizes the notional amounts, fair values and classification of the Company’s outstanding derivatives by risk category and instrument type within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.


September 30, 2024
Derivative Classification		Notional Amount(1)		Fair Value(1) Other Current Assets		Fair Value(1) Other Assets		Fair Value(1) Accrued Liabilities		Fair Value(1) Other Liabilities
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
Interest rate swap contracts	Fair Value	$	750.0	$	0.1	$	30.1	$	0.4	$	—

Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts	Net investment	1,074.3		13.5		—		—		42.8
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

Foreign currency forwards	Fair value	138.1		—		—		—		0.2


December 31, 2023
Derivative Classification		Notional Amount(1)		Fair Value(1) Other Current Assets		Fair Value(1) Other Assets		Fair Value(1) Accrued Liabilities		Fair Value(1) Other Liabilities
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
Interest rate swap contracts	Cash Flow	$	528.5	$	8.2	$	1.2	$	—	$	—

Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts	Net investment	1,054.2		15.7		—		—		63.1

(1)Notional amounts represent the gross contract amounts of the outstanding derivatives excluding the total notional amount of positions that have been effectively closed through offsetting positions. The net gains and net losses associated with positions that have been effectively closed through offsetting positions but not yet settled are included in the asset and liability derivatives fair value columns, respectively.

Payments to settle cross-currency swaps are classified as financing cash flows in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. All other cash flows related to derivatives are classified as operating cash flows in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company was the variable rate payor on four interest rate swap contracts that effectively convert a total of $400.0 million of the Company’s fixed rate borrowings to variable rate borrowings. These contracts expire in May 2029. These swap agreements qualify as hedging instruments and have been designated as fair value hedges of $400.0 million of the 2029 Notes, and were considered to be perfectly effective under the shortcut method.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company was the variable rate payor on two interest rate swap contracts that effectively convert a total of $250.0 million of the Company’s fixed rate borrowings to variable rate borrowings. These contracts expire in April 2031. These swap agreements qualify as hedging instruments and have been designated as fair value hedges of $250.0 million of the 2031 Notes, and were considered to be perfectly effective under the shortcut method.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company was the variable rate payor on one interest rate swap contract that effectively convert a total of $100.0 million of the Company’s fixed rate borrowings to variable rate borrowings. This contract expires in March 2034. This swap agreement qualifies as a hedging instrument and has been designated as a fair value hedge of $100.0 million of the 2034 Notes, and were considered to be perfectly effective under the shortcut method.

In April 2024, the Company entered into forward-starting interest rate swap agreements to hedge against changes in future cash flows resulting from changes in interest rates from the trade date through the forecasted issuance date of debt. During the second quarter of 2024, the Company entered into and terminated cash flow hedges with notional value of $750.0 million in connection with the 2034 Notes and $500.0 million in connection with the 2054 Notes, both of which were issued on May 10, 2024. The Company and its counterparties terminated these contracts in May 2024. Prior to their termination, these swap agreements qualified as hedging instruments and were designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted interest payments. These forecasted interest payments are still expected to occur as specified in the Company’s hedge designations; therefore, the unrecognized loss at the time of termination will be reclassified into earnings over the term of the respective notes. The unrecognized loss in AOCI as of September 30, 2024 was $4.3 million, of which $0.3 million is expected to be reclassified into earnings as an increase to interest expense during the next 12 months.

The Company was previously the fixed rate payor on two interest rate swap contracts that effectively fixed the SOFR-based index used to determine the interest rates charged on a total of $528.5 million of the Company’s SOFR-based variable rate borrowings. These contracts carried a fixed rate of 3.2%. The Company and its counterparties terminated these contracts in May 2024. Prior to their termination, these swap agreements qualified as hedging instruments and were designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted interest payments. These forecasted interest payments are still expected to occur as specified in the Company’s hedge designations; therefore, the unrecognized gain at the time of termination will be reclassified into earnings over the remaining period of original term of the contracts, ending in June 2025. The unrecognized gain remaining in AOCI as of September 30, 2024 was $7.3 million, all of which is expected to be reclassified into earnings as a reduction to interest expense during the next 12 months.

The Company was previously a party to interest rate cap contracts that effectively limited the SOFR-based interest rates charged on a portion of the Company’s variable rate borrowings to 4.0%. The Company and its counterparties terminated these contracts in August 2023. Prior to their termination, these cap contracts qualified as hedging instruments and were designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted interest payments. These forecasted interest payments are still expected to occur as specified in the Company’s hedge designations; therefore, the unrecognized gain at the time of termination will be reclassified into earnings over the remaining period of the original term of the contracts, ending in June 2025. The unrecognized gain remaining in AOCI as of September 30, 2024 was $2.2 million, all of which is expected to be reclassified into earnings as a reduction to interest expense during the next 12 months.

Gains on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are as presented in the table below.


	For the Three Month Period Ended September 30,				For the Nine Month Period Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Gain recognized in OCI on derivatives	$	—	$	1.4	$	1.6	$	14.9
Gain reclassified from AOCI into income (effective portion)(1)	3.6		4.8		12.4		10.8

As of September 30, 2024, the Company was the fixed rate payor on three cross-currency interest rate swap contracts that replace a fixed rate of 5.4% on a total of $428.9 million with a fixed rate of 3.7% on a total of €400.0 million. These contracts expire in May 2027 and have been designated as net investment hedges of our Euro denominated subsidiaries and require an exchange of the notional amounts at maturity.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company was the fixed rate payor on three cross-currency interest rate swap contracts that replace a fixed rate of 5.7% on a total of $322.7 million with a fixed rate of 4.1% on a total of €300.0 million. These contracts expire in May 2029 and have been designated as net investment hedges of our Euro denominated subsidiaries and require an exchange of the notional amounts at maturity.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company was the fixed rate payor on three cross-currency interest rate swap contracts that replace a fixed rate of 5.7% on a total of $322.7 million with a fixed rate of 4.1% on a total of €300.0 million. These contracts expire in May 2031 and have been designated as net investment hedges of our Euro denominated subsidiaries and require an exchange of the notional amounts at maturity.

The Company was previously the fixed rate payor on two cross-currency interest rate swap contracts that replaced a fixed rate of 3.2% on a total of $528.5 million with a fixed rate of 1.6% on a total of €500.0 million. These contracts were designated as net investment hedges of our Euro denominated subsidiaries until May 10, 2024 when they were terminated for $10.0 million. The payments to settle the termination of the cross currency interest rate swaps are included in “Payments to settle cross-currency swaps” within our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The recorded AOCI at the termination of the cross-currency interest rate swaps will remain in AOCI until there is a substantial liquidation of the Company’s net investment in subsidiaries with EUR functional currencies.

The Company was previously a party to three cross-currency interest rate swap contracts where we received SOFR on a total of $525.7 million and paid EURIBOR on a total of €500.0 million. These contracts were designated as net investment hedges of our Euro denominated subsidiaries until May 10, 2024 when they were terminated for $9.9 million. The payments to settle the termination of the cross currency interest rate swaps are included in “Payments to settle cross-currency swaps” within our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The recorded AOCI at the termination of the cross-currency interest rate swaps will remain in AOCI until there is a substantial liquidation of the Company’s net investment in subsidiaries with EUR functional currencies.

Gains (losses) on derivatives designated as net investment hedges included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are as presented in the table below.


	For the Three Month Period Ended September 30,				For the Nine Month Period Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Gain (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives	$	(33.2)	$	35.0	$	10.5	$	22.9
Gain reclassified from AOCI into income (effective portion)(1)	3.9		4.5		12.4		14.7

The Company had three foreign currency forward contracts outstanding as of September 30, 2024 with notional amounts ranging from $14.8 million to $76.3 million. These contracts are used to hedge the change in fair value of recognized foreign currency denominated assets or liabilities caused by changes in currency exchange rates. The changes in the fair value of these contracts generally offset the changes in the fair value of a corresponding amount of the hedged items, both of which are included within “Other operating expense, net” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s foreign currency forward contracts are subject to master netting arrangements or agreements between the Company and each counterparty for the net settlement of all contracts through a single payment in a single currency in the event of default on or termination of any one contract with that certain counterparty. It is the Company’s practice to recognize the gross amounts in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amount available to be netted is not material.


	For the Three Month Period Ended September 30,				For the Nine Month Period Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Foreign currency forward contracts gains (losses)	$	(1.5)	$	(0.1)	$	(3.5)	$	0.1
Total foreign currency transaction losses, net	(9.9)		(1.1)		(9.2)		(1.0)