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Business and Asset Acquisitions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Business and Asset Acquisitions Reverse Recapitalization
As discussed in Note 1, on November 20, 2019, Accel Entertainment, Inc., consummated a business combination pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, which has been accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, TPG Holdings Corp. acquired, directly or indirectly, all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock and preferred stock of Accel Entertainment, Inc. In connection with reverse recapitalization, TPG Pace Holdings Corp. changed its name to Accel Entertainment, Inc.
The consideration paid to holders of Accel stock in connection with the reverse recapitalization and subject to the terms and conditions of the Transaction Agreement, consisted of a mix of consideration comprised of cash consideration equal to the number of shares of Accel stock for which such holder of Accel stock made a cash election multiplied by $177 per share (the “Purchase Price”) and share consideration comprised of a number of Class A-1 common stock equal to the number of shares of Accel Stock for which such holder of Accel Stock did not make a cash election multiplied by an exchange ratio calculated by dividing the Purchase Price by $10.30, which was the closing price of the common stock of TPG Pace Holdings Corp. on November 20, 2019. In addition, each holder of Accel stock that made a cash election with respect to less than 70% of its shares of Accel stock received its pro rata share, with such pro rata share determined with reference to a number of shares equal to 70% of such holder’s shares of Accel Stock less the number of shares of Accel stock with respect to which such holder made a cash election, of 2,444,444 2019 Warrants, subject to the conditions set forth in a warrant agreement and 3,000,000 Class A-2 common stock, subject to the conditions set forth in a restricted stock agreement.
In connection with the reverse recapitalization, TPG Pace Holdings and its affiliates converted 7,500,000 of Class A-1 common stock, 4,888,889 2019 Warrants subject to the conditions set forth in the New Pace Warrant Agreement and 2,000,000 Class A-2 common stock, subject to the conditions set forth in a restricted stock agreement.
As part of an Investment Private Placement, certain accredited investors (as defined by Rule 501 of Regulation D) agreed to subscribe for and purchase and Pace agreed to issue and sell to such investors 4,696,675 Class A-1 Shares for a purchase price of $10.22 per share, or an aggregate of approximately $48 million. The proceeds from the Investment Private Placement was used to fund a portion of the cash consideration required in the reverse recapitalization.
In connection with the reverse recapitalization, Accel repurchased approximately 36,157 shares of its stock from certain employees, directors and officers at a repurchase price of $177 per share in order to facilitate (i) the repayment of existing loans to Accel’s executive officers, (ii) the exercise of vested options and (iii) funding any resulting tax obligations from the exercise of such vested options.
In accounting for the reverse recapitalization, the net equity deficit from the reverse recapitalization was $22.4 million as shown in the table below (in thousands):
Amount
TPG Holdings Corp cash balance, November 19, 2019 $429,952 
Less redemption of Accel shares prior to reverse recapitalization(413,733)
Cash balance prior to backstop equity financing16,219 
Plus funds from Investment Private Placement48,038 
Cash balance prior to consummation of the reverse recapitalization64,257 
Less adjustments to equity infusion:
Payment for sponsor loan(4,000)
Less impact from issuance of contingent earnout shares(51,641)
Transaction costs related to the reverse recapitalization, net of tax(31,005)
Net equity deficit prior to stock issuance(22,389)
Impact of stock issued in reverse recapitalization10 
Net equity deficit from reverse recapitalization(22,379)
Less impact from conversion of treasury stock and issuance of warrants(7,414)
Net impact to additional paid-in-capital from reverse recapitalization$(29,793)
Capitalization Adjustments
The table below summarizes the number of shares of Accel issued upon consummation of the reverse recapitalization consisting of (i) the number of shares of Accel stock outstanding immediately before the reverse recapitalization along with the impact of the exchange ratio.
Accel Capital Stock - pre reverse recapitalizationNumber of Shares
Class A Common Stock472,773 
Class B Common Stock662,228 
Class C Preferred Stock1,530,779 
Class D Preferred Stock944,925 
Total Shares of Accel Stock on November 20, 20193,610,705 
Exchange ratio17.188531 
Effect of exchange ratio to convert Accel stock to A-1 Common Stock62,062,715 
Shares issued in reverse recapitalization14,574,755 
Total A-1 Common Stock76,637,470 
Immediately after the reverse recapitalization, there were 76,637,470 Class A-1 common stock, 4,999,999 Class A-2 common stock, and 22,333,308 warrants to purchase Class A-1 common stock issued and outstanding. Upon the closing, the Company's Class A-1 common stock and warrants began trading on the New York Stock Exchange.
Business and Asset Acquisitions
2020 Business Acquisition
Tom's Amusements
On July 22, 2020 (the “Tom's Closing Date”), the Company acquired Tom’s Amusement Company, Inc., (“Tom's Amusements”) a southeastern U.S. gaming and amusement operator and Master Licensee in the state of Georgia. The total purchase price was $3.6 million, of which the Company paid $2.1 million in cash at closing. The remaining $1.5 million of contingent consideration payables are to be paid in cash on the 18-month and 24-month anniversaries of the Tom's Closing Date. The amount of each payment is $750,000 multiplied by a performance ratio. The fair value of the contingent consideration was $1.4 million as of December 31, 2020 and is included within consideration payable on the consolidated balance sheets. In addition, the Georgia Lottery Corporation approved Accel's operating subsidiary, Bulldog Gaming, LLC, as a Master Licensee, which allows the Company to install and operate coin operated amusement machines for commercial use by the public for play throughout the State of Georgia.
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Topic 805. The purchase price of $3.6 million has been allocated to the following assets: i) video game terminals and equipment totaling $1.6 million; ii) location contracts totaling $0.8 million; iii) indefinite-lived gaming license intangible asset of $1.0 million and; iv) cash of $0.2 million.
The results of operations for Tom's Amusements are included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company from the date of acquisition. Tom's Amusements generated revenues of $1.4 million and a net loss of $0.8 million from the acquisition date through December 31, 2020.
American Video Gaming
On December 30, 2020, the Company acquired AVG, a terminal operator licensed by the Illinois Gaming Board. AVG had 267 VGTs in 49 licensed establishments. The Company completed this transaction in order to expand its presence within the State of Illinois.
The acquisition aggregate purchase consideration transferred totaled $32.0 million, which included i.) cash paid at closing of $30.5 million and ii.) contingent purchase consideration with an estimated fair value of $1.5 million. The contingent consideration represents potentially two installment payments i.) $0.9 million if the acquired locations meet certain base performance criteria and ii.) an additional $1.4 million if the acquired locations meet additional performance criteria. The estimated fair value of the contingent consideration was determined based on the Company’s expected probability of future payment, discounted using AVG’s weighted average cost of capital. The fair value of the contingent consideration is included within consideration payable on the consolidated balance sheets.
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Topic 805. The purchase price has been allocated to the tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed has been recorded as goodwill.
The following table summarizes the fair value of consideration transferred and the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition (in thousands):
Cash paid$30,522 
Fair value of contingent consideration1,506 
Total consideration$32,028 
Cash$504 
Location contracts acquired17,500 
Property and equipment:
Video game terminals and equipment2,479 
Amusement and other equipment207 
Vehicles43 
Other assets, net63 
Goodwill11,243 
Total assets acquired32,039 
Accrued expenses assumed(11)
Net assets acquired$32,028 
The results of operations for AVG are not material to the consolidated financial statements of the Company as the acquisition date (December 30, 2020) was one day prior to year end and gaming was suspended in Illinois for that one day.
2020 Asset Acquisition
On August 6, 2020, pursuant to the terms of an asset purchase agreement, the Company purchased from Illinois Operators, Inc. terminal use agreements and equipment representing the operations of 13 licensed establishments. The Company has accounted for this transaction as an asset acquisition. The purchase consideration of $4.0 million consisted of: i) cash payment of $3.7 million paid at closing and; ii) deferred payment of $0.3 million which was paid 90-days from the closing date. The asset acquisition costs were allocated to the following assets: i) video game terminals and equipment totaling $0.6 million and; ii) location contracts totaling $3.4 million.
2019 Business Acquisitions
Grand River Jackpot
On August 26, 2019, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire all issued and outstanding membership interests in Grand River Jackpot, a terminal operator licensed by the State of Illinois Gaming Board. On September 16, 2019, the Company completed its acquisition of Grand River Jackpot. Grand River Jackpot had 2,009 VGTs in over 450 licensed establishments. The Company completed this transaction in order to expand its presence within the State of Illinois.
The acquisition aggregate purchase consideration transferred totaled $113.7 million, which included: i) a cash payment made at closing of $100.0 million; ii) a subsequent cash payment of approximately $6.6 million for a working capital adjustment and; iii) contingent purchase consideration with an estimated fair value of $7.1 million. The contingent consideration represents two installment payments that are to be paid, up to a maximum amount, as follows: i) $2.5 million within 30 days following the one-year anniversary of the acquisition closing date and; ii) $7.0 million within 30 days following the three-year anniversary of the acquisition closing date. These payments are subject to adjustment based on certain performance measures included within the purchase agreement. The estimated fair value was determined based on the Company’s expected probability of future payment, discounted using Grand River Jackpot’s weighted average cost of capital. The cash payment made at closing and subsequent working capital adjustment payment were both funded with the Company’s existing credit facilities. In connection with the temporary suspension of gaming by the IGB due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the Company reversed its contingent liability for the previously mentioned $2.5 million installment payment due 30 days following the one-year anniversary of the acquisition closing date as the performance measures for the period were not reached.
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Topic 805. The purchase price has been allocated to the tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed has been recorded as goodwill. The Grand River Jackpot acquisition resulted in recorded goodwill as a result of a higher consideration multiple paid relative to prior similar acquisitions driven by maturity and quality of the operations and industry, including workforce and corresponding synergies, and is amortizable for income tax purposes. Management integrated the Grand River Jackpot acquisition into its existing business structure, which is comprised of a single reporting unit.
The following table summarizes the fair value of consideration transferred and the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition (in thousands):
Cash paid$106,578 
Contingent consideration7,136 
Total consideration$113,714 
Cash$8,861 
Location contracts acquired53,200 
Property and equipment:
Video game terminals and equipment18,000 
Land28 
Buildings548 
Vehicles600 
Goodwill34,511 
Total assets acquired115,748 
Accounts payable assumed(532)
Accrued expenses assumed(1,502)
Net assets acquired$113,714 
The Company incurred $0.2 million in acquisition related costs that are included in other operating expenses within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income for the year ended December 31, 2019.
The results of operations for Grand River Jackpot are included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company from the date of acquisition. Grand River Jackpot's acquired assets generated revenues and net income of $16.6 million and $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.
2019 Asset Acquisition
On September 23, 2019, pursuant to the terms of an asset purchase agreement, the Company purchased from Illinois Gaming Systems, LLC (“IGS”) terminal use agreements and equipment representing the operations of 139 video game terminals in 29 licensed establishments. The Company has accounted for this transaction as an asset acquisition. The purchase consideration consisted of: i) cash payment of $2.4 million paid at closing and; ii) note payable of $2.3 million issued at closing which is recorded in consideration payables as of December 31, 2019. The asset acquisition costs were allocated to the following assets: i) video game terminals and equipment totaling $1.7 million and; ii) location contracts totaling $3.0 million. The note payable bore interest at 5% and was paid in full on March 23, 2020.
2018 Business Acquisitions
The following table summarizes the consideration paid and the fair values of the tangible and intangible assets acquired at the acquisition dates for the Company’s 2018 business acquisitions (in thousands):
Quad BSkyhighG3Mike's AmusementFamily AmusementTotal
Cash paid at closing $610 $9,268 $36,500 $3,500 $1,512 $51,390 
Contingent consideration payable— 4,324 1,026 — — 5,350 
Promissory note— — — — 3,3683,368
Due to seller— 618 3,019 — — 3,637 
        Total Consideration $610 $14,210 $40,545 $3,500 $4,880 $63,745 
Cash$— $1,126 $2,507 $— $— $3,633 
Video game terminals and equipment— 506 3,009 — — 3,515 
Amusement and other equipment472592044203001,455
Location contracts acquired13812,51934,8253,0804,58055,142
        Total fair value of net assets acquired$610 $14,210 $40,545 $3,500 $4,880 $63,745 
Quad B
On September 1, 2018, the Company acquired certain assets of B.B.B.B., Inc. (“Quad B”), an Illinois amusement operator. The Company acquired 61 locations that are or are expected to become operational. Quad B’s acquired assets generated revenues and net income of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, for the period from the acquisition date of September 1, 2018, through December 31, 2018.
Skyhigh Gaming
On August 1, 2018, the Company acquired certain assets of Skyhigh Gaming, LLC (“Skyhigh”), an Illinois licensed terminal operator. The Company initially acquired 23 locations that are or are expected to become operational.
The Company has a contingent consideration payable related to certain locations, as defined, in the acquisition agreement placed in operation during five years after the acquisition date (“the installment period”). The Company will pay Skyhigh 18.44% of the adjusted net terminal income, related to locations in operation during five years after the acquisition date. Payments will be made on a monthly basis for the first two years and every three months for the latter three years, through July 2023. The agreement also provides for a final payment upon the expiration of the installment period equal to 1.75 times the adjusted and defined net terminal income generated by the locations in the twelve-month period ending on the final payment date. The fair value of contingent consideration due as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $6.4 million and $4.7 million, respectively. The fair value of contingent consideration is included in the consideration payable on the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2020 and 2019. The contingent consideration accrued is measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The maximum amount is determined based on the net terminal income for the related locations.    
Skyhigh’s acquired assets generated revenues and net income of $3.9 million and $1.1 million, respectively, for the period from the acquisition date of August 1, 2018, through December 31, 2018.
G3 Gaming
On October 16, 2018, the Company acquired certain assets of G3 Gaming, LLC (“G3”), an Illinois licensed terminal operator. The Company initially acquired 87 locations that are or are expected to become operational.
The Company has contingent consideration payable related to locations placed in operation during the three years after the acquisition date whereby the Company will pay G3 a specified percent of the monthly terminal operator revenue less video gaming terminal fees for pending locations, recently added locations, and for a specified group of target establishments through 2022. The fair value of contingent consideration due as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $0.5 million and $3.1 million, respectively. The maximum amount is determined based on the net terminal income for the related locations.
G3’s acquired assets generated revenues and net income of $4.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for the period from the acquisition date of October 16, 2018, through December 31, 2018.
Mike’s Amusements
On October 16, 2018, the Company acquired certain assets of Mike’s Amusements, Inc. (“Mike’s Amusements”), an Illinois amusement operator. The Company initially acquired 73 locations that are or are expected to become operational.
Mike’s Amusement’s acquired assets generated revenues and net income of $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, for the period from the acquisition date of October 16, 2018, through December 31, 2018.
Family Amusement
On October 31, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire certain assets of Family Amusement, Inc. (“Family Amusement”), an Illinois amusement operator. The Company initially acquired 139 locations that are or are expected to become operational. Family Amusement’s acquired assets generated revenues and net income of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, for the period from the acquisition date of October 31, 2018, through December 31, 2018.
The Company entered into a promissory note in connection with the acquisition. The promissory note provides for three annual installments of $0.4 million from 2019 through 2021, one installment of $0.7 million in 2022, and one installment of $2.1 million in 2023. The first installment was paid upon signing of the promissory note and each subsequent installment shall be paid on or before the anniversary date of the signing of the promissory note. The fair value of the consideration due as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $3.0 million and $3.1 million, respectively. The consideration is included in the consideration payable on the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company and Family Amusement had a pre-existing relationship prior to the business acquisition. Under that pre-existing relationship the Company had route and customer acquisition costs payable to Family Amusement. As a result of the business acquisition, the pre-existing route and customer acquisition payables to Family Amusement were settled and cost and accumulated amortization of the existing Family Amusement route and customer acquisition cost assets was disposed, and a $0.1 million reduction in amortization of route and customer acquisition costs and location contracts acquired was recorded.
Pro Forma Results
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information reflects the results of operations of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 as if the acquisitions of AVG, Tom's Amusements, Grand River Jackpot, Quad B, Skyhigh, G3, Mike’s Amusements, and Family Amusement, had occurred as of the beginning of the fiscal year prior to the fiscal year of acquisition, after giving effect to certain purchase accounting adjustments. These amounts are based on available financial information of the acquirees prior to the acquisition dates and are not necessarily indicative of what the Company’s operating results would have been had the acquisitions actually taken place at the beginning of the fiscal year prior to the fiscal year of acquisition. This unaudited pro forma information for the years ended December 31, does not project revenues and income before income tax expense post acquisition (in thousands).
202020192018
Revenues$327,090 $466,466 $409,142 
Net (loss) income(13,200)(2,598)16,098 
Consideration Payable
The Company has a contingent consideration payable related to certain locations, as defined, in the respective acquisition agreement which are placed into operation during a specified period after the acquisition date. The fair value of contingent consideration is included in the consideration payable on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The contingent consideration accrued is measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
Current and long-term portions of consideration payable consist of the following at December 31 (in thousands):
20202019
CurrentLong-TermCurrentLong-Term
TAV*
$490 $3,206 $490 $3,497 
Abraham*
— — 55 — 
Fair Share Gaming*
1,096 523 1,057 899 
Family Amusement391 2,609 293 2,815 
Skyhigh601 5,789 763 3,948 
G3355 100 2,952 154 
Grand River Jackpot— 5,755 2,304 5,113 
IGS80 — 2,379 — 
 Tom's Amusements— 1,455 — — 
 AVG— 1,506 — — 
Total$3,013 $20,943 $10,293 $16,426 
Acquisitions that occurred prior to 2018.