10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                 to

Commission File Number: 001‑38003

RAMACO RESOURCES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	38‑4018838
(State or other jurisdiction	(I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)
250 West Main Street, Suite 1800
Lexington, Kentucky	40507
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip code)
(859) 244‑7455
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value	METC	NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☒
Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  ☐    No  ☒

As of November 4, 2019, the registrant had 40,933,831 shares of common stock outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	5
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	14
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	21
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	21
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	22
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	22
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	22
Item 6.	Exhibits	22
SIGNATURES		23

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q (the “Quarterly Report”) includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this report, regarding our strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenue, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. When used in this Quarterly Report, the words “could,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations and assumptions about future events and are based on currently available information as to the outcome and timing of future events. When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements described under, but not limited to, the heading “Item 1A. Risk Factors” included in this report and elsewhere in the Annual Report of Ramaco Resources, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (the “Annual Report”) and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Forward-looking statements may include statements about:

· anticipated production levels, costs, sales volumes and revenue;

· timing for completion of major capital projects;

· economic conditions in the steel industry generally;

· economic conditions in the metallurgical coal industry generally;

· expected costs to develop planned and future mining operations, including the costs to construct necessary processing and transport facilities;

· estimated quantities or quality of our metallurgical coal reserves;

· our expectations relating to dividend payments and our ability to make such payments;

· our ability to obtain additional financing on favorable terms, if required, to complete the acquisition of additional metallurgical coal reserves as currently contemplated or to fund the operations and growth of our business;

· maintenance, operating or other expenses or changes in the timing thereof;

· financial condition and liquidity of our customers;

· competition in coal markets;

· the price of metallurgical coal and/or thermal coal;

· compliance with stringent domestic and foreign laws and regulations, including environmental, climate change and health and safety regulations, and permitting requirements, as well as changes in the regulatory environment, the adoption of new or revised laws, regulations and permitting requirements;

· potential legal proceedings and regulatory inquiries against us;

· the impact of weather and natural disasters on demand, production and transportation;

· purchases by major customers and our ability to renew sales contracts;

· credit and performance risks associated with customers, suppliers, contract miners, co-shippers and trading, banks and other financial counterparties;

· geologic, equipment, permitting, site access and operational risks and new technologies related to mining;

· transportation availability, performance and costs;

· availability, timing of delivery and costs of key supplies, capital equipment or commodities such as diesel fuel, steel, explosives and tires;

· timely review and approval of permits, permit renewals, extensions and amendments by regulatory authorities; and

· other risks identified in this Quarterly Report that are not historical.

We caution you that these forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control, incident to the development, production, gathering and sale of coal. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment and new risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the

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impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by the forward-looking statements we make in this Quarterly Report are reasonable, we can give no assurance that these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved or occur, and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.

All forward-looking statements, expressed or implied, included in this report are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement and speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. This cautionary statement should also be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that we or persons acting on our behalf may issue.

Except as otherwise required by applicable law, we disclaim any duty to update any forward-looking statements, all of which are expressly qualified by the statements in this section, to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this report.

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.         Financial Statements

Ramaco Resources, Inc.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

In thousands, except share and per share amounts	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	5,498	$	6,951
Accounts receivable		30,054		10,729
Inventories		12,644		14,185
Prepaid expenses and other		3,324		3,154
Total current assets		51,520		35,019
Property, plant and equipment – net		171,945		149,205
Advanced coal royalties		3,250		3,045
Other		1,041		975
Total Assets	$	227,756	$	188,244
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	13,851	$	16,393
Accrued expenses		11,156		8,094
Asset retirement obligations		734		71
Current portion of long-term debt		5,000		5,000
Other		—		287
Total current liabilities		30,741		29,845
Asset retirement obligations		12,665		12,707
Long-term debt, net		11,766		4,474
Deferred tax liability		4,670		109
Other long-term liabilities		701		—
Total liabilities		60,543		47,135
Commitments and contingencies		—		—
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding		—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 260,000,000 shares authorized, 40,933,831 and  40,082,467 shares issued and outstanding, respectively		409		401
Additional paid-in capital		153,976		150,926
Retained earnings (deficit)		12,828		(10,218)
Total stockholders' equity		167,213		141,109
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	227,756	$	188,244

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Ramaco Resources, Inc.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
In thousands, except per share amounts	2019		2018		2019		2018
Revenue	$	61,380	$	62,166	$	184,601	$	183,387
Cost and expenses
Cost of sales (exclusive of items shown separately below)		44,983		49,406		129,208		141,597
Asset retirement obligation accretion		128		124		383		370
Depreciation and amortization		5,353		3,348		14,291		8,741
Selling, general and administrative		4,464		3,484		13,127		10,608
Total cost and expenses		54,928		56,362		157,009		161,316
Operating income		6,452		5,804		27,592		22,071
Other income		573		1,036		1,063		2,038
Interest expense, net		(342)		(566)		(951)		(980)
Income before tax		6,683		6,274		27,704		23,129
Income tax expense		1,133		63		4,658		1,448
Net income	$	5,550	$	6,211	$	23,046	$	21,681
Earnings per common share
Basic earnings per share	$	0.14	$	0.15	$	0.56	$	0.54
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.14	$	0.15	$	0.56	$	0.54
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		40,936		40,082		40,804		40,024
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		40,936		40,329		40,804		40,271

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Ramaco Resources, Inc.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

			Additional		Retained		Total
	Common		Paid-		Earnings		Stockholders'
In thousands	Stock		in Capital		(Deficit)		Equity
Balance at January 1, 2019	$	401	$	150,926	$	(10,218)	$	141,109
Equity-based compensation		7		887		—		894
Net income		—		—		6,883		6,883
Balance at March 31, 2019		408		151,813		(3,335)		148,886
Equity-based compensation		1		1,059		—		1,060
Net income		—		—		10,613		10,613
Balance at June 30, 2019		409		152,872		7,278		160,559
Equity-based compensation		—		1,104		—		1,104
Net income		—		—		5,550		5,550
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	409	$	153,976	$	12,828	$	167,213
Balance at January 1, 2018	$	396	$	148,293	$	(35,292)	$	113,397
Equity-based compensation		5		546		—		551
Net income		—		—		5,266		5,266
Balance at March 31, 2018		401		148,839		(30,026)		119,214
Equity-based compensation		—		694		—		694
Net income		—		—		10,204		10,204
Balance at June 30, 2018		401		149,533		(19,822)		130,112
Equity-based compensation		—		695		—		695
Net income		—		—		6,211		6,211
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	401	$	150,228	$	(13,611)	$	137,018

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Ramaco Resources, Inc.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

	Nine months ended September 30,
In thousands	2019		2018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	23,046	$	21,681
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Accretion of asset retirement obligations		383		370
Depreciation and amortization		14,291		8,741
Amortization of debt issuance costs		43		406
Stock-based compensation		3,058		1,940
Deferred income taxes		4,561		1,448
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(19,325)		(24,122)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(170)		(942)
Inventories		1,541		2,107
Advanced coal royalties		(205)		(172)
Other assets and liabilities		634		(307)
Accounts payable		(5,291)		5,236
Accrued expenses		3,062		4,087
Net cash from operating activities		25,628		20,473
Cash flow from investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(34,043)		(39,883)
Proceeds from maturities of investment securities		—		5,200
Net cash from investing activities		(34,043)		(34,683)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings		58,050		13,000
Proceeds from notes payable - related party		—		3,000
Payments of debt issuance cost		—		(569)
Repayment of borrowings		(50,801)		(1,000)
Repayments of financed insurance payable		(287)		(673)
Net cash from financing activities		6,962		13,758
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(1,453)		(452)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		6,951		5,934
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	5,498	$	5,482
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	821	$	801
Cash paid for taxes		—		—
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Capital expenditures included in accounts payable and accrued expenses		4,068		894
Financed insurance		—		1,276
Additional asset retirement obligations incurred		239		200

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Ramaco Resources, Inc.

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 1—DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Ramaco Resources, Inc. (“the Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,”) is a Delaware corporation formed in October 2016. Our principal corporate offices are located in Lexington, Kentucky. We are an operator and developer of high-quality, low-cost metallurgical coal in southern West Virginia, southwestern Virginia, and southwestern Pennsylvania.

NOTE 2—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation—These interim financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain disclosures have been condensed or omitted from these financial statements. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for complete consolidated financial statements, and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly present the financial position as of, and the results of operations for, all periods presented. In preparing the accompanying financial statements, management has made certain estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures of contingencies. Actual results may differ from those estimates. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of annual results. Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period’s consolidated financial statements and related footnotes to conform them to the current period presentation. Intercompany balances and transactions between consolidated entities are eliminated.

Cash and Cash Equivalents—We classify all highly-liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash balances at September 30, 2019 were $1.2million, consisted of funds held in escrow for potential future workers’ compensation claims and were classified in other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

Self-Insurance—We are self-insured for certain losses relating to workers’ compensation claims. We purchase insurance coverage to reduce our exposure to significant levels of these claims. Self-insured losses are accrued based upon estimates of the aggregate liability for uninsured claims incurred as of the balance sheet date using current and historical claims experience and certain actuarial assumptions. At September 30, 2019, the estimated aggregate liability for uninsured claims totaled  $0.9million.  Of this, $0.6million is included in other long-term liabilities within the consolidated balance sheets. These estimates are subject to uncertainty due to a variety of factors, including extended lag times in the reporting and resolution of claims, and trends or changes in claim settlement patterns, insurance industry practices and legal interpretations. As a result, actual costs could differ significantly from the estimated amounts. Adjustments to estimated liabilities are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs. 

Financial Instruments—Our financial assets and liabilities consist of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and notes payable. The fair values of these instruments approximate their carrying amounts at each reporting date.

Nonrecurring fair value measurements include asset retirement obligations, the estimated fair value of which is calculated as the present value of estimated cash flows related to its reclamation liabilities using Level 3 inputs. The significant inputs used to calculate such liabilities include estimates of costs to be incurred, our credit adjusted discount rate, inflation rates and estimated date of reclamation.

Concentrations—During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, sales to three customers accounted for approximately 58% and 49% of total revenue, respectively. The balance due from these three customers at September 

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30, 2019 was approximately 64% of total accounts receivable. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 sales to six customers accounted for approximately 66% and 71% of total revenue, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements—In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016‑02, Leases, which aims to make leasing activities more transparent and comparable and requires substantially all leases be recognized by lessees on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability, including leases currently accounted for as operating leases. Leases of mineral reserves and related land leases have been exempted from the standard. We adopted ASU 2016‑02, Leases, on January 1, 2019. We elected the “package of practical expedients” within the standard which permits us not to reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. We made an accounting policy election to not separate lease and non-lease components for all leases. The adoption of this standard resulted in the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $0.3 million, which were not previously recorded on our balance sheet.

NOTE 3—PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:

(In thousands)	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Plant and equipment	$	137,841	$	109,911
Construction in process		10,722		12,066
Capitalized mine development cost		53,482		43,037
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(30,100)		(15,809)
Total property, plant and equipment, net	$	171,945	$	149,205

Capitalized amounts related to coal reserves at properties where we are not currently engaged in mining operations totaled $9.7 million as of September 30, 2019 and $5.5 million as of December 31, 2018.

Depreciation and amortization included:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Depreciation of plant and equipment	$	3,706	$	2,582	$	10,142	$	6,946
Amortization of capitalized
mine development costs		1,647		766		4,149		1,795
Total depreciation and amortization	$	5,353	$	3,348	$	14,291	$	8,741

NOTE 4—DEBT

Credit Facility

On November 2, 2018, we entered into a Credit and Security Agreement (the “Credit Facility”) with KeyBank National Association (“KeyBank”). The Credit Facility consists of a $10.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan”) and up to $30.0 million revolving line of credit, including $1.0 million letter of credit availability (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). All personal property assets, including, but not limited to accounts receivable, coal inventory, and certain surface mining equipment were pledged to secure the Credit Facility. Real property and improvements are excluded from the collateral package and are not encumbered in connection with the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility has a maturity date of November 2, 2021.

The Revolving Credit Facility interest rate is based on LIBOR + 2.35% or Base Rate + 1.75%. The Term Loan credit interest rate is based on LIBOR + 4.75% or Base Rate + 3.75%. Base Rate is the highest of (i) KeyBank’s prime rate, (ii) Federal Funds Effective Rate + 0.5%, or (iii) LIBOR + 1.0%. Both loans are initially base rate loans, but may be converted to LIBOR rate loans at certain times at our discretion.

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The outstanding principal balance of the Term Loan is required to be repaid in monthly installments of approximately $0.4 million until fully repaid. The outstanding principal balance of the Term Loan was $5.8million at September 30, 2019 and $9.6 million at December 31, 2018. As of September 30, 2019, $11.0 million was outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility and we had remaining availability of $15 million.

The Credit Facility contains usual and customary covenants, including but not limited to, limitations on liens, additional indebtedness, investments, restricted payments, asset sales, mergers, affiliate transactions and other customary limitations, as well as financial covenants. As of September 30, 2019,  we were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility.

NOTE 5—EQUITY

As of September 30, 2019,  there were 40,933,831  shares of common stock outstanding.

Stock-Based Compensation

We have a stock-based compensation plan under which stock options, restricted stock, performance shares and other stock-based awards may be granted. At September 30, 2019, 5.1 million shares were available under the current plan for future awards.

Stock Options – Options for the purchase of a total of 937,424 shares of our common stock for $5.34 per share were granted to two executives on August 31, 2016. The options have a ten-year term from the grant date and are fully vested.  The options remain outstanding and unexercised and were not in-the-money at September 30, 2019.

Restricted Stock—We grant shares of restricted stock to certain senior executives, key employees and directors. The shares vest over one to three years from the date of grant. During the vesting period, the participants have voting rights and may receive dividends, but the shares may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered. Additionally, granted but unvested shares are forfeited upon termination of employment, unless an employee enters into another written arrangement. The fair value of the restricted shares on the date of the grant is amortized ratably over the service period. Compensation expense related to these awards totaled $1.1 million and $3.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. As of September 30, 2019, there was $5.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.4years.

The following table summarizes restricted awards outstanding, as well as activity for the period:

		Weighted
		Average Grant
	Shares		Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	966,134	$	6.99
Granted	867,201		5.49
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	(15,837)		5.73
Outstanding at September 30, 2019	1,817,498	$	6.28

NOTE 6—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Surety Bond

As of September 30, 2019,  our asset retirement obligations totaled $13.4million and we had total corresponding reclamation bonding requirements of $12.8 million, which were supported by surety bonds.

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Purchase Commitments

We secure the ability to transport coal through rail contracts and export terminals that are sometimes funded through take-or-pay arrangements. As of September 30, 2019,  commitments under take-or-pay arrangements totaled $1.6 million through March 31, 2020.

Litigation

From time to time, the Company may be subject to various litigation and other claims in the normal course of business. No amounts have been accrued in the consolidated financial statements with respect to any matters.

On November 5, 2018, one of our three raw coal storage silos that feed our Elk Creek plant in West Virginia experienced a partial structural failure. The prep plant at our Elk Creek mining complex was idled for approximately three weeks due to the partial structural failure of the silo. In late November 2018, we completed a temporary conveying system at our Elk Creek mining complex. The temporary conveying system allowed us to bypass the damaged raw coal storage silo, which has since been demolished, and allowed for the immediate processing and shipping of coal at approximately 80% of the entire plant capacity, throughout December 2018. In February 2019, we completed the fabrication of a higher capacity bypass system to provide a secondary conveyance system, which operated at greater than 80% of processing capacity with increased reliability compared to the initial bypass system. All remediation efforts were completed in mid-July 2019 and the Elk Creek prep plant returned to full processing capacity at the beginning of August 2019. Our insurance carrier, Federal Insurance Company, disputed our claim for coverage based on certain exclusions to the applicable policy and therefore on August 21, 2019 we filed suit against Federal Insurance Company and Chubb INA Holdings, Inc. in Logan County Circuit Court in West Virginia seeking a declatory judgment that the partial silo collapse was an insurable event and to require coverage under our policy. Chubb INA Holdings, Inc. has filed a motion to dismiss and Federal Insurance Company has filed a motion to remove the case to federal court in West Virginia.

NOTE 7—REVENUE

Our revenues are derived from contracts for the sale of coal which is recognized at the point in time control is transferred to our customer. Generally, domestic sales contracts have terms of about one year and the pricing is typically fixed. Export sales have spot or term contracts and pricing can either be by fixed-price or a price derived against index-based pricing mechanisms. Disaggregated information about our revenue is presented below:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Coal Sales
Domestic revenues	$	50,382	$	35,736	$	126,498	$	95,810
Export revenues		10,998		26,430		58,103		87,577
Total revenues	$	61,380	$	62,166	$	184,601	$	183,387

As of September 30, 2019, we had outstanding performance obligations for the remainder of 2019 of approximately 0.3 million tons for contracts with fixed sales prices averaging $105/ton and 0.1 million tons for contracts with index-based pricing mechanisms. Additionally, we had outstanding performance obligations beyond 2019 of approximately 1.3 million tons for contracts having fixed pricing and approximately 0.08 million tons with index-based pricing mechanisms.

NOTE 8—INCOME TAXES

Income tax provisions for interim quarterly periods are based on an estimated annual effective income tax rate calculated separately from the effect of significant, infrequent or unusual items related specifically to interim periods. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was 17%, compared to 1% for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was 17% and 6%, respectively. The primary difference from the statutory rate of 21% is related to permanent differences for state

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income taxes, non-deductible expenses and the difference in depletion expense between U.S. GAAP and federal income tax purposes. In 2018, we removed the valuation allowance against deferred taxes, which reduced our effective tax rate.

NOTE 9—EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following is the computation of basic and diluted EPS:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator
Net income	$	5,550	$	6,211	$	23,046	$	21,681
Denominator
Weighted average shares used to compute basic EPS		40,936		40,082		40,804		40,024
Dilutive effect of share-based awards		—		247		—		247
Weighted average shares used to compute diluted EPS		40,936		40,329		40,804		40,271
Earnings per share
Basic	$	0.14	$	0.15	$	0.56	$	0.54
Diluted	$	0.14	$	0.15	$	0.56	$	0.54

Diluted EPS for the three months ended September 30, 2019 excludes 937,424 options to purchase our common stock because their effect would be anti-dilutive.

NOTE 10—RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Mineral Lease and Surface Rights Agreements

Much of the coal reserves and surface rights that we control were acquired through a series of mineral leases and surface rights agreements with Ramaco Coal, LLC, a related party. Payments of minimum royalties and throughput payments commenced in 2017 pursuant to the terms of the agreements. Under these agreements, minimum royalties are paid in arrears each month to the extent that the earned production royalties for such month are less than the required minimum royalties. Amounts due to Ramaco Coal, LLC for production royalty payables totaling  $0.6 million and $2.9 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, are included in accounts payablein the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

On-going Administrative Services

Under a Mutual Services Agreement dated December 22, 2017 but effective as of March 31, 2018, the Company and Ramaco Coal, LLC agreed to share the services of certain party’s employees. Each party will pay the other a fee on a quarterly basis for such services calculated as the annual base salary of each employee providing services multiplied by the percentage of time each employee spent providing services for the other party. The services will be provided for 12‑month terms, but may be terminated by either party at the end of any 12‑month term by providing written notice at least 30 days prior to the end of the then-current term. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we billed  $8,000 to Ramaco Coal, LLC for use of services.   

*  *   *   *   *

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Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contained in our Annual Report, as well as the financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our future plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance. The forward-looking statements are dependent upon events, risks and uncertainties that may be outside our control. We caution you that our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences are discussed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, particularly in the “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and in our Annual Report under the heading “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” all of which are difficult to predict. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed may not occur. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements except as otherwise required by applicable law.

Business Overview

Our primary source of revenue is the sale of metallurgical coal. As of December 31, 2018, we had a 248‑million-ton reserve base of high-quality metallurgical coal and four long-lived projects under development. We are currently mining in four underground mines, one surface mine and with one highwall miner at our two complexes. Our plan is to complete development of our remaining projects and grow production to more than 4.0 million clean tons of metallurgical coal over the next three to four years depending on market demand and the rate at which we are able to deploy capital. We may make acquisitions of reserves or infrastructure that continue our focus on advantaged geology and lower costs.

We sell substantially all of our metallurgical coal production to steel producers. Metallurgical coal, which is converted to coke, is a critical input in the steel production process. Metallurgical coal markets weakened significantly during the third quarter of 2019 as certain China ports placed restrictions on imported coal. Between these restrictions, concerns about the stability of the global economy and the ongoing trade dispute between China and the U.S., metallurgical coal prices dropped meaningfully during the period.  These pricing declines are expected to have little impact on our 2019 operating results as most of our remaining sales volumes are committed at fixed prices. Furthermore, pricing has rebounded off of recent lows, as Chinese buyers have taken advantage of the fact that the price of importing metallurgical coal was (and still is) materially cheaper than buying domestically, thereby taking advantage of this arbitrage opportunity.

The annual contracting season for 2020 with domestic steel producers is largely completed. To date, we have entered into forward sales contracts with domestic customers for 2020 on a fixed price basis for 1.3 million tons at an average sales price of $91/ton. This level of pricing in 2020 is lower than in 2019 and is due to a combination of factors, including the impact of the Chinese port restrictions discussed above, lower year-over-year steel prices, changes in types of coal qualities purchased by customers in 2020 and general economic concerns in the United States.

Third Quarter 2019 Overview

· All remediation efforts in response to the structural failure of one of the three raw coal storage silos at our Elk Creek prep plant facility in late-2018 were completed in mid-July 2019, and the Elk Creek prep plant returned to full processing capacity at the beginning of August 2019.

· Adjusted EBITDA was $13.6 million in the third quarter of 2019, which was 24% above the same period in 2018.

· Third quarter sales of company produced tons totaled 510,000, equaling our strongest quarter on record.

· Third quarter realized pricing of $110/ton on company produced coal was our second highest quarter on record. The strong pricing was reflective of our decision in 2018 to commit the majority of our 2019 sales tons into the domestic steel market.

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Results of Operations

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Consolidated statement of operations data
Revenue	$	61,380	$	62,166	$	184,601	$	183,387
Cost and expenses
Cost of sales (exclusive of items shown separately below)		44,983		49,406		129,208		141,597
Asset retirement obligation accretion		128		124		383		370
Depreciation and amortization		5,353		3,348		14,291		8,741
Selling, general and administrative		4,464		3,484		13,127		10,608
Total cost and expenses		54,928		56,362		157,009		161,316
Operating income		6,452		5,804		27,592		22,071
Other income		573		1,036		1,063		2,038
Interest expense, net		(342)		(566)		(951)		(980)
Income before tax		6,683		6,274		27,704		23,129
Income tax expense		1,133		63		4,658		1,448
Net income	$	5,550	$	6,211	$	23,046	$	21,681
Adjusted EBITDA	$	13,610	$	11,007	$	46,387	$	35,160

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

Revenue.  Our revenue includes sales to customers of Company produced coal and coal purchased from third parties. We include amounts billed by us for transportation to our customers within revenue and transportation costs incurred within cost of sales.  Coal sales information is summarized as follows:

	Three months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		Increase (Decrease)
Company Produced
Coal sales revenue	$	59,083	$	51,963	$	7,120
Tons sold		510		510		(0)
Purchased from Third Parties
Coal sales revenue	$	2,297	$	10,203	$	(7,906)
Tons sold		17		90		(73)

Coal sales revenue in the third quarter of 2019 was  $0.8 million lower than in the third quarter of 2018 principally due to decreased sales of purchased coal.  Purchases from third parties have been significantly curtailed in 2019.  Much of this decrease has been offset by higher sales revenue for Company produced met coal.

Cost of sales. Our cost of sales totaled $45.0million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 as compared with $49.4 million for the same period in 2018.  This decrease was primarily driven by lower purchased coal sales volumes, and partially offset by increased costs per ton.

The total cash cost per ton sold (FOB mine) for the third quarter of 2019 was approximately $80 for our produced coal and approximately $113 for coal we purchased from third parties. The $80 cash cost per ton for produced coal in the third quarter of 2019 was up from approximately $65 in the third quarter of 2018. Almost one third of the increase was due to the impact of more tonnage coming from our Berwind mine, which is in the development state of production and

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therefore has a higher average cost than the Elk Creek complex. Specifically, Berwind saw a 120% increase in coal sales in the 2019 period as compared with the prior year period.  About one quarter of the cost increase was due to an increase in labor, while approximately 15% of the increase was due to higher sales-related costs, such as royalties and severance taxes, related to the higher sales prices in the 2019 period.

Asset retirement obligation accretion. Asset retirement obligation accretion was $0.1 million in each of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense for the third quarter of 2019 was $5.4million as compared with $3.3million for the third quarter of 2018. Increased depreciation and amortization expense resulted from our growth and expanded operations over the past year.

Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses were $4.5million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 as compared with $3.5million for the same period in 2018. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $0.4million in stock-based compensation expense.  The majority of stock-based compensation awards vest over a three-year period and expense is recognized over that vesting period.

Other income. Other income was $0.6 million for the third quarter of 2019, as compared with $1.0 million for the third quarter of 2018. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in rail rebates received.

Interest expense, net. Interest expense, net was $0.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2019 as compared with $0.6 million for the same period of 2018.  Borrowing costs under the present Credit Facility are more favorable than under past facilities.

Income tax expense. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was 17%, compared to 1% for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The primary difference from the statutory rate of 21% is related to permanent differences for state income taxes, non-deductible expenses and the difference in depletion expense between U.S. GAAP and federal income tax purposes. In 2018, we removed the valuation allowance against deferred taxes, which reduced our effective tax rate.

Cash taxes paid for 2019 are expected to be less than $0.1 million.  

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

Revenue. Coal sales information is summarized as follows:

	Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		Increase (Decrease)
Company Produced
Coal sales revenue	$	174,299	$	145,736	$	28,563
Tons sold		1,452		1,406		46
Purchased from Third Parties
Coal sales revenue	$	10,302	$	37,651	$	(27,349)
Tons sold		78		331		(253)

Coal sales revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was approximately $1.2 million higher than in the comparable period of 2018 due to higher realized prices, offset partially by decreased sales of purchased coal. Purchases from third parties have been significantly curtailed in 2019.  Much of this decrease has been offset by higher sales volumes of Company produced met coal.

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Cost of sales. Our cost of sales totaled $129.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared with $141.6 million for the same period in 2018.  This decrease was primarily driven by lower purchased coal sales volumes, partially offset by increased costs per ton.

The total cash cost per ton sold (FOB mine) for the first nine months of 2019 was approximately $73 for Company produced coal and approximately $114 for coal we purchased from third parties. The $73 cash cost per ton for Company produced coal in 2019 was up from approximately $62 in the first nine months of 2018. About one quarter of the overall increase was due to the impact of more tonnage coming from our Berwind mine, with coal sales from Berwind up 117% period over period.  Roughly 20% of the increase was due to higher sales-related costs, while roughly one third of the increase was due to labor. Cash cost per ton sold (FOB mine) at Elk Creek for the first nine months of 2019 was approximately $68, which compared to $60 during the same period of 2018. 

Asset retirement obligation accretion. Asset retirement obligation accretion was $0.4 million in each of the nine month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $14.3 million as compared with $8.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Increased depreciation and amortization expense resulted from our growth and expanded operations over the past year.

Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses were $13.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared with $10.6 million for the same period in 2018. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $1.1 million in stock-based compensation expense.  The majority of stock-based compensation awards vest over a three-year period and expense is recognized over that vesting period.

Other income. Other income was $1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, as compared with $2.0 million for the same period in 2018. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in rail rebates received.

Interest expense, net. Interest expense, net was $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, similar in amount to that for the comparable period in 2018. 

Income tax expense. The effective tax rate tax for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was 17%, compared to 6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The primary difference from the statutory rate of 21% is related to permanent differences for state income taxes, non-deductible expenses and the difference in depletion expense between U.S. GAAP and federal income tax purposes. In 2018, we removed the valuation allowance against deferred taxes which reduced our effective tax rate.

Cash taxes paid for 2019 are expected to be less than $0.1 million.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is used as a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure by management and external users of our financial statements, such as industry analysts, investors, lenders and rating agencies. We believe Adjusted EBITDA is useful because it allows us to more effectively evaluate our operating performance.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income plus net interest expense, stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization expenses and any transaction related costs. A reconciliation of income, net of income taxes, to Adjusted EBITDA is included below. Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to serve as an alternative to U.S. GAAP measures of performance and may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures presented by other companies.

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The table below shows how we calculate Adjusted EBITDA:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA
Net income	$	5,550	$	6,211	$	23,046	$	21,681
Depreciation and amortization		5,353		3,348		14,291		8,741
Interest expense, net		342		566		951		980
Income taxes		1,133		63		4,658		1,448
EBITDA		12,378		10,188		42,946		32,850
Stock-based compensation		1,104		695		3,058		1,940
Accretion of asset retirement obligation		128		124		383		370
Adjusted EBITDA	$	13,610	$	11,007	$	46,387	$	35,160

Non-GAAP revenue per ton

Non-GAAP revenue per ton (FOB mine) is calculated as coal sales revenue less transportation costs, divided by tons sold. We believe revenue per ton (FOB mine) provides useful information to investors as it enables investors to compare revenue per ton we generate against similar measures made by other publicly-traded coal companies and more effectively monitor changes in coal prices from period to period excluding the impact of transportation costs which are beyond our control. The adjustments made to arrive at these measures are significant in understanding and assessing our financial condition.  Revenue per ton sold (FOB mine) is not a measure of financial performance in accordance with U.S. GAAP and therefore should not be considered as an alternative to revenue under U.S. GAAP.  The table below shows how we calculate Non-GAAP revenue per ton:

	Three months ended September 30, 2019						Three months ended September 30, 2018
	Company		Purchased				Company		Purchased
(In thousands, except per ton amounts)	Produced		Coal		Total		Produced		Coal		Total
Revenue	$	59,083	$	2,297	$	61,380	$	51,963	$	10,203	$	62,166
Less:  Adjustments to reconcile to Non-GAAP revenue (FOB mine)
Transportation costs		(2,384)		(52)		(2,436)		(6,185)		(1,091)		(7,276)
Non-GAAP revenue (FOB mine)	$	56,699	$	2,245	$	58,944	$	45,778	$	9,112	$	54,890
Tons sold		510		17		527		510		90		600
Revenue per ton sold (FOB mine)	$	111	$	131	$	112	$	90	$	101	$	91

	Nine months ended September 30, 2019						Nine months ended September 30, 2018
	Company		Purchased				Company		Purchased
(In thousands, except per ton amounts)	Produced		Coal		Total		Produced		Coal		Total
Revenue	$	174,299	$	10,302	$	184,601	$	145,736	$	37,651	$	183,387
Less:  Adjustments to reconcile to Non-GAAP revenue (FOB mine)
Transportation costs		(14,098)		(424)		(14,522)		(18,173)		(4,283)		(22,456)
Non-GAAP revenue (FOB mine)	$	160,201	$	9,878	$	170,079	$	127,563	$	33,368	$	160,931
Tons sold		1,452		78		1,530		1,406		331		1,737
Revenue per ton sold (FOB mine)	$	110	$	127	$	111	$	91	$	101	$	93

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Non-GAAP cash cost per ton sold

Non-GAAP cash cost per ton sold is calculated as cash cost of coal sales less transportation costs, divided by tons sold. We believe cash cost per ton sold provides useful information to investors as it enables investors to compare our cash cost per ton against similar measures made by other publicly-traded coal companies and more effectively monitor changes in coal cost from period to period excluding the impact of transportation costs which are beyond our control. The adjustments made to arrive at these measures are significant in understanding and assessing our financial condition. Cash cost per ton sold is not a measure of financial performance in accordance with U.S. GAAP and therefore should not be considered as an alternative to cost of sales under U.S. GAAP. The table below shows how we calculate Non-GAAP cash cost per ton:

	Three months ended September 30, 2019						Three months ended September 30, 2018
	Company		Purchased				Company		Purchased
(In thousands, except per ton amounts)	Produced		Coal		Total		Produced		Coal		Total
Cost of sales	$	42,996	$	1,987	$	44,983	$	39,584	$	9,822	$	49,406
Less:  Adjustments to reconcile to Non-GAAP cash cost of sales
Transportation costs		(2,384)		(52)		(2,436)		(6,227)		(1,116)		(7,343)
Non-GAAP cash cost of sales	$	40,612	$	1,935	$	42,547	$	33,357	$	8,706	$	42,063
Tons sold		510		17		527		510		90		600
Cash cost per ton sold	$	80	$	113	$	81	$	65	$	97	$	70

	Nine months ended September 30, 2019						Nine months ended September 30, 2018
	Company		Purchased				Company		Purchased
(In thousands, except per ton amounts)	Produced		Coal		Total		Produced		Coal		Total
Cost of sales	$	119,911	$	9,297	$	129,208	$	105,805	$	35,792	$	141,597
Less:  Adjustments to reconcile to Non-GAAP cash cost of sales
Transportation costs		(14,031)		(424)		(14,455)		(18,738)		(4,416)		(23,154)
Non-GAAP cash cost of sales	$	105,880	$	8,873	$	114,753	$	87,067	$	31,376	$	118,443
Tons sold		1,452		78		1,530		1,406		331		1,737
Cash cost per ton sold	$	73	$	114	$	75	$	62	$	95	$	68

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary source of cash is proceeds from the sale of our coal production to customers. Our primary uses of cash include the cash costs of coal production, capital expenditures, royalty payments and other operating expenditures.

Cash flow information is as follows:

	Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018
Consolidated statement of cash flow data:
Cash flows from operating activities	$	25,628	$	20,473
Cash flows from investing activities		(34,043)		(34,683)
Cash flows from financing activities		6,962		13,758
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	(1,453)	$	(452)

Cash flows from operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 increased from the comparable period of the prior year primarily resulting from higher cash earnings offset by a greater amount required for working capital (receivables, inventories and accounts payable) associated with higher sales revenue.

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Net cash used in investing activities was $34.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared with $34.7 million for the same period of 2018.  Capital expenditures totaled $34.0 million and $39.9 million in the 2019 and 2018 periods, respectively. We received proceeds of $5.2million from maturing investment securities during the 2018 period.

Cash flows from financing activities were  $7.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, which was primarily due to net borrowings during the period. Cash flows from financing activities were $13.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, which was due to net proceeds from short term borrowings.

Indebtedness

On November 2, 2018, we entered into a Credit and Security Agreement (the “Credit Facility”) with KeyBank National Association (“KeyBank”). The Credit Facility consists of a $10.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan”) and up to $30.0 million revolving line of credit, including $1.0 million letter of credit availability (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). All personal property assets, including, but not limited to accounts receivable, coal inventory, and certain surface mining equipment were pledged to secure the Credit Facility. Real property and improvements are excluded from the collateral package and are not encumbered in connection with the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility has a maturity date of November 2, 2021.

The outstanding principal balance of the Term Loan is required to be repaid in monthly installments of approximately $0.4 million until fully repaid. The outstanding principal balance of the Term Loan was $5.8million at September 30, 2019 and $9.6 million at December 31, 2018. As of September 30, 2019, $11.0 million was outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility and we had remaining availability of $15 million.

Additional information on the Credit Facility is included in Note 4 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I in this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q.

Liquidity

As of September 30, 2019, our liquidity was $20.5 million. We expect to fund our capital and liquidity requirements with cash on hand, borrowings discussed above and projected cash flow from operations. Factors that could adversely impact our future liquidity and ability to carry out our capital expenditure program include the following:

· Timely delivery of our product by rail and other transportation carriers;

· Timely payment of accounts receivable by our customers;

· Cost overruns in our purchases of equipment needed to complete our mine development plans;

· Delays in completion of development of our various mines which would reduce the coal we would have available to sell and our cash flow from operations; and

· Adverse changes in the metallurgical coal markets that would reduce the expected cash flow from operations.

Capital Requirements

Our primary use of cash currently includes capital expenditures for mine development and for ongoing operating expenses. Management believes that current cash on hand, cash flow from operations, and availability under the Revolving Credit Facility will be sufficient to meet current capital expenditure and operating plans.

If future cash flows are insufficient to meet our liquidity needs or capital requirements, we may reduce our expected level of capital expenditures and/or fund a portion of our capital expenditures through the issuance of debt or equity securities, entry into debt arrangements or from other sources, such as asset sales.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2019, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements.

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Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are included in Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” of our Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2018.  Our exposure to market risk has not changed materially since December 31, 2018.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a‑15(b) of the Exchange Act, we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Based upon that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We regularly review our system of internal control over financial reporting and make changes to our processes and systems to improve controls and increase efficiency, while ensuring that we maintain an effective internal control environment. Changes may include such activities as implementing new, more efficient systems, consolidating activities and migrating processes.

There were no significant changes in our system of internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a‑15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended September 30, 2019, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II.   OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.  Legal Proceedings

Due to the nature of our business, we may become, from time to time, involved in routine litigation or subject to disputes or claims related to our business activities. While the outcome of these proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, in the opinion of our management, there are no pending litigation, disputes or claims against us which, if decided adversely, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. For a description of our legal proceedings, see “Commitments and Contingencies,” Note 6 to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 1A.Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report, you should carefully consider the risk factors and other cautionary statements described under the heading “Item 1A. Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report and the risk factors and other cautionary statements contained in our other SEC filings, which could materially affect our businesses, financial condition or future results. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results. There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those described in our Annual Report.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

The information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K is included in Exhibit 95.1 to this Quarterly Report.

Item 6.  Exhibits

*31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
*31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
**32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
**32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
*95.1	Mine Safety Disclosure
*101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
*101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
*101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
*101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
*101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
*101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

*Exhibit filed herewith.

**Furnished herewith. Pursuant to SEC Release No. 33‑8212, this certification will be treated as “accompanying” this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q and not “filed” as part of such report for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability under Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and this certification will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	RAMACO RESOURCES, INC.
November 5, 2019	By:	/s/ Michael D. Bauersachs
		Michael D. Bauersachs
		President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
		(Principal Executive Officer)
November 5, 2019	By:	/s/ Jeremy R. Sussman
		Jeremy R. Sussman
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

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EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13A‑14(A) AND RULE 15D‑14(A)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

I, Michael D. Bauersachs, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019 of Ramaco Resources, Inc. (the “registrant”);

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;

d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 5, 2019	/s/ Michael D. Bauersachs
	Michael D. Bauersachs President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13A‑14(A) AND RULE 15D‑14(A)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

I, Jeremy R. Sussman, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019 of Ramaco Resources, Inc. (the “registrant”);

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;

d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 5, 2019	/s/ Jeremy R. Sussman
	Jeremy R. Sussman Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

UNDER SECTION 906 OF THE

SARBANES OXLEY ACT OF 2002, 18 U.S.C. § 1350

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019 of Ramaco Resources, Inc. (the “Company”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Michael Bauersachs, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 5, 2019	/s/ Michael D. Bauersachs
	Michael D. Bauersachs President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

UNDER SECTION 906 OF THE

SARBANES OXLEY ACT OF 2002, 18 U.S.C. § 1350

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019 of Ramaco Resources, Inc. (the “Company”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Jeremy R. Sussman, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 5, 2019	/s/ Jeremy R. Sussman
	Jeremy R. Sussman Chief Financial Officer

EX-95.1

Exhibit 95.1

Federal Mine Safety and Health Act Information

We work to prevent accidents and occupational illnesses. We have in place health and safety programs that include extensive employee training, safety incentives, drug and alcohol testing and safety audits. The objectives of our health and safety programs are to provide a safe work environment, provide employees with proper training and equipment and implement safety and health rules, policies and programs that foster safety excellence.

Our mining operations are subject to extensive and stringent compliance standards established pursuant to the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (the “Mine Act”). MSHA monitors and rigorously enforces compliance with these standards, and our mining operations are inspected frequently. Citations and orders are issued by MSHA under Section 104 of the Mine Act for violations of the Mine Act or any mandatory health or safety standard, rule, order or regulation promulgated under the Mine Act.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank Act”) requires issuers to include in periodic reports filed with the SEC certain information relating to citations or orders for violations of standards under the Mine Act. We present information below regarding certain mining safety and health violations, orders and citations, issued by MSHA and related assessments and legal actions and mine-related fatalities with respect to our coal mining operations. In evaluating this information, consideration should be given to factors such as: (i) the number of violations, orders and citations will vary depending on the size of the coal mine, (ii) the number of violations, orders and citations issued will vary from inspector to inspector and mine to mine, and (iii) violations, orders and citations can be contested and appealed, and in that process, are often reduced in severity and amount, and are sometimes dismissed.

The following tables include information required by the Dodd-Frank Act for the current quarter. The mine data retrieval system maintained by MSHA may show information that is different than what is provided herein. Any such difference may be attributed to the need to update that information on MSHA’s system and/or other factors. The tables below do not include any orders or citations issued to independent contractors at our mines.

Mine or Operating Name /MSHA Identification Number	Section 104(a) S&S Citations(1)	Section 104(b) Orders(2)	Section 104(d) Citations and Orders(3)	Section 110(b)(2) Violations(4)	Section 107(a) Orders(5)	Total Dollar Value of MSHA Assessments Proposed (in thousands)(6)
Active Operations
Eagle Seam Deep Mine 46‑09495	3	0	0	0	0	$	9
Coal Creek Prep Plant (VA) 44‑05236	0	0	0	0	0	$	0
Elk Creek Prep Plant 46‑02444	0	0	0	0	0	$	0
Stonecoal Branch Mine No. 2 46‑08663	2	0	0	0	0	$	6
Ram Surface Mine No. 1 46‑09537	0	0	0	0	0	$	0
Highwall Miner No. 1 46‑09219	0	0	0	0	0	$	0
Berwind Deep Mine 46‑09533	9	0	0	0	0	$	11
No. 2 Gas Deep Mine 46‑09541	4	0	0	0	0	$	6
Tiller No.1      44-06804	1	0	0	0	0	$	1

Mine or Operating Name / MSHA Identification Number	Total Number of Mining Related Fatalities	Received Notice of Pattern of Violations Under Section 104(e) (yes/no)(7)	Legal Actions Pending as of Last Day of Period	Legal Actions Initiated During Period	Legal Actions Resolved During Period
Active Operations
Eagle Seam Deep Mine 46‑09495	0	No	0	0	1
Coal Creek Prep Plant (VA) 44‑05236	0	No	0	0	0
Elk Creek Prep Plant 46‑02444	0	No	0	0	0
Stonecoal Branch Mine No. 2 46‑08663	0	No	0	0	15
Ram Surface Mine No. 1 46‑09537	0	No	0	0	4
Highwall Miner No. 1 46‑09219	0	No	0	0	3
Berwind Deep Mine 46‑09533	0	No	0	24	0
No. 2 Gas 46‑09541	0	No	0	0	0
Tiller No.1      44-06804	0	No	0	0	0

The number of legal actions pending before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission as of September 30, 2019 that fall into each of the following categories is as follows:

Mine or Operating Name / MSHA Identification Number	Contests of Citations and Orders	Contests of Proposed Penalties	Complaints for Compensation	Complaints of Discharge / Discrimination / Interference	Applications for Temporary Relief	Appeals of Judge’s Ruling
Active Operations
Eagle Seam Deep Mine 46‑09495	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coal Creek Prep Plant (VA) 44‑05236	0	0	0	0	0	0
Elk Creek Prep Plant 46‑02444	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stonecoal Branch Mine No. 2 46‑08663	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ram Surface Mine No. 1 46‑09537	0	0	0	0	0	0
Highwall Miner No. 1 46‑09219	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berwind Deep Mine 46‑09533	0	0	0	0	0	0
No. 2 Gas 46‑09541	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tiller No.1      44-06804	0	0	0	0	0	0

(1) Mine Act section 104(a) S&S citations shown above are for alleged violations of mandatory health or safety standards that could significantly and substantially contribute to a coal mine health and safety hazard. It should be noted that, for purposes of this table, S&S citations that are included in another column, such as Section 104(d) citations, are not also included as Section 104(a) S&S citations in this column.

(2) Mine Act section 104(b) orders are for alleged failures to totally abate a citation within the time period specified in the citation.

(3) Mine Act section 104(d) citations and orders are for an alleged unwarrantable failure (i.e., aggravated conduct constituting more than ordinary negligence) to comply with mandatory health or safety standards.

(4) Mine Act section 110(b)(2) violations are for an alleged “flagrant” failure (i.e., reckless or repeated) to make reasonable efforts to eliminate a known violation of a mandatory safety or health standard that substantially and proximately caused, or reasonably could have been expected to cause, death or serious bodily injury.

(5) Mine Act section 107(a) orders are for alleged conditions or practices which could reasonably be expected to cause death or serious physical harm before such condition or practice can be abated and result in orders of immediate withdrawal from the area of the mine affected by the condition.

(6) Amounts shown include assessments proposed by MSHA on all citations and orders, including those citations and orders that are not required to be included within the above chart.

(7) Mine Act section 104(e) written notices are for an alleged pattern of violations of mandatory health or safety standards that could significantly and substantially contribute to a coal mine safety or health hazard.

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Note 3 - Property, Plant and Equipment

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

NOTE 3—PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:

(In thousands)	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Plant and equipment	$	137,841	$	109,911
Construction in process		10,722		12,066
Capitalized mine development cost		53,482		43,037
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(30,100)		(15,809)
Total property, plant and equipment, net	$	171,945	$	149,205

Capitalized amounts related to coal reserves at properties where we are not currently engaged in mining operations totaled $9.7 million as of September 30, 2019 and $5.5 million as of December 31, 2018.

Depreciation and amortization included:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Depreciation of plant and equipment	$	3,706	$	2,582	$	10,142	$	6,946
Amortization of capitalized
mine development costs		1,647		766		4,149		1,795
Total depreciation and amortization	$	5,353	$	3,348	$	14,291	$	8,741

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Document And Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Nov. 04, 2019
Cover [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	Ramaco Resources, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001687187
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	true
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		40,933,831
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2019
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Shell Company	false

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Note 5 - Equity (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions		3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2016 employee $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2018 shares
EQUITY
Total shares available under plan (in shares)		40,933,831	40,933,831	40,082,467
Granted (in shares)		5,100,000	5,100,000
Restricted Stock
EQUITY
Compensation costs | $		$ 1.1	$ 3.1
Unrecognized compensation cost | $		$ 5.4	$ 5.4
Weighted-average period			1 year 4 months 24 days
Restricted Stock | Minimum
EQUITY
Vesting period			1 year
Restricted Stock | Maximum
EQUITY
Vesting period			3 years
Stock Options
EQUITY
Granted (in shares)	937,424
Number of individuals | employee	2
Purchase price (per share) | $ / shares	$ 5.34
Expiration period	10 years

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Note 7 - Revenues (Details)	Sep. 30, 2019 T
Fixed Priced Contracts
REVENUES
Remaining performance obligation, mass	300,000
Fixed Priced Contracts | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-01-01
REVENUES
Remaining performance obligation, mass	1.3
Contracts with Indexed Based Pricing Mechanisms
REVENUES
Remaining performance obligation, mass	100,000
Contracts with Indexed Based Pricing Mechanisms | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-01-01
REVENUES
Remaining performance obligation, mass	0.08

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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital.	Retained Earnings	Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 396	$ 148,293	$ (35,292)	$ 113,397
Equity-based compensation	5	546		551
Net income			5,266	5,266
Balance at Mar. 31, 2018	401	148,839	(30,026)	119,214
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	396	148,293	(35,292)	113,397
Net income				21,681
Balance at Sep. 30, 2018	401	150,228	(13,611)	137,018
Balance at Mar. 31, 2018	401	148,839	(30,026)	119,214
Equity-based compensation		694		694
Net income			10,204	10,204
Balance at Jun. 30, 2018	401	149,533	(19,822)	130,112
Equity-based compensation		695		695
Net income			6,211	6,211
Balance at Sep. 30, 2018	401	150,228	(13,611)	137,018
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	401	150,926	(10,218)	141,109
Equity-based compensation	7	887		894
Net income			6,883	6,883
Balance at Mar. 31, 2019	408	151,813	(3,335)	148,886
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	401	150,926	(10,218)	141,109
Net income				23,046
Balance at Sep. 30, 2019	409	153,976	12,828	167,213
Balance at Mar. 31, 2019	408	151,813	(3,335)	148,886
Equity-based compensation	1	1,059		1,060
Net income			10,613	10,613
Balance at Jun. 30, 2019	409	152,872	7,278	160,559
Equity-based compensation		1,104		1,104
Net income			5,550	5,550
Balance at Sep. 30, 2019	$ 409	$ 153,976	$ 12,828	$ 167,213

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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation—These interim financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain disclosures have been condensed or omitted from these financial statements. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for complete consolidated financial statements, and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly present the financial position as of, and the results of operations for, all periods presented. In preparing the accompanying financial statements, management has made certain estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures of contingencies. Actual results may differ from those estimates. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of annual results. Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period’s consolidated financial statements and related footnotes to conform them to the current period presentation. Intercompany balances and transactions between consolidated entities are eliminated.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents—We classify all highly-liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash balances at September 30, 2019 were $1.2million, consisted of funds held in escrow for potential future workers’ compensation claims and were classified in other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

Self-Insurance

Self-Insurance—We are self-insured for certain losses relating to workers’ compensation claims. We purchase insurance coverage to reduce our exposure to significant levels of these claims. Self-insured losses are accrued based upon estimates of the aggregate liability for uninsured claims incurred as of the balance sheet date using current and historical claims experience and certain actuarial assumptions. At September 30, 2019, the estimated aggregate liability for uninsured claims totaled $0.9million.  Of this, $0.6million is included in other long-term liabilities within the consolidated balance sheets. These estimates are subject to uncertainty due to a variety of factors, including extended lag times in the reporting and resolution of claims, and trends or changes in claim settlement patterns, insurance industry practices and legal interpretations. As a result, actual costs could differ significantly from the estimated amounts. Adjustments to estimated liabilities are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs.

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments—Our financial assets and liabilities consist of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and notes payable. The fair values of these instruments approximate their carrying amounts at each reporting date.

Nonrecurring fair value measurements include asset retirement obligations, the estimated fair value of which is calculated as the present value of estimated cash flows related to its reclamation liabilities using Level 3 inputs. The significant inputs used to calculate such liabilities include estimates of costs to be incurred, our credit adjusted discount rate, inflation rates and estimated date of reclamation.

Concentrations

Concentrations—During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, sales to three customers accounted for approximately 58% and 49% of total revenue, respectively. The balance due from these three customers at September 30, 2019 was approximately 64% of total accounts receivable. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 sales to six customers accounted for approximately 66% and 71% of total revenue, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements—In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016‑02, Leases, which aims to make leasing activities more transparent and comparable and requires substantially all leases be recognized by lessees on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability, including leases currently accounted for as operating leases. Leases of mineral reserves and related land leases have been exempted from the standard. We adopted ASU 2016‑02, Leases, on January 1, 2019. We elected the “package of practical expedients” within the standard which permits us not to reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. We made an accounting policy election to not separate lease and non-lease components for all leases. The adoption of this standard resulted in the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $0.3 million, which were not previously recorded on our balance sheet.

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Note 7 - Revenues

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

REVENUES.

NOTE 7—REVENUE

Our revenues are derived from contracts for the sale of coal which is recognized at the point in time control is transferred to our customer. Generally, domestic sales contracts have terms of about one year and the pricing is typically fixed. Export sales have spot or term contracts and pricing can either be by fixed-price or a price derived against index-based pricing mechanisms. Disaggregated information about our revenue is presented below:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Coal Sales
Domestic revenues	$	50,382	$	35,736	$	126,498	$	95,810
Export revenues		10,998		26,430		58,103		87,577
Total revenues	$	61,380	$	62,166	$	184,601	$	183,387

As of September 30, 2019, we had outstanding performance obligations for the remainder of 2019 of approximately 0.3 million tons for contracts with fixed sales prices averaging $105/ton and 0.1 million tons for contracts with index-based pricing mechanisms. Additionally, we had outstanding performance obligations beyond 2019 of approximately 1.3 million tons for contracts having fixed pricing and approximately 0.08 million tons with index-based pricing mechanisms.

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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Practical expedients (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Lease, Practical Expedient, Lessor Single Lease Component [true false]	true
Lease, Practical Expedients, Package [true false]	true

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Note 9 - Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule computation of basic and diluted EPS

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator
Net income	$	5,550	$	6,211	$	23,046	$	21,681
Denominator
Weighted average shares used to compute basic EPS		40,936		40,082		40,804		40,024
Dilutive effect of share-based awards		—		247		—		247
Weighted average shares used to compute diluted EPS		40,936		40,329		40,804		40,271
Earnings per share
Basic	$	0.14	$	0.15	$	0.56	$	0.54
Diluted	$	0.14	$	0.15	$	0.56	$	0.54

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Note 4 - Debt (Details) - KeyBank National Association - USD ($) $ in Millions	Nov. 02, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Revolving Credit Facility
DEBT
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 30.0	$ 15.0
Long-term Line of Credit, Total		11.0
Revolving Credit Facility | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
DEBT
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	2.35%
Revolving Credit Facility | Base Rate
DEBT
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	1.75%
Letter of Credit
DEBT
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 1.0
Term Loan
DEBT
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	10.0	$ 5.8	$ 9.6
Debt Instrument, Monthly Installment, Amount	$ 0.4
Term Loan | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
DEBT
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	4.75%
Term Loan | Base Rate
DEBT
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	3.75%
Term Loan Base Rate | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
DEBT
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	1.00%
Term Loan Base Rate | Fed Funds Effective Rate Overnight Index Swap Rate
DEBT
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	0.50%

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Note 3 - Property, Plant and Equipment - Depreciation and amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Depreciation of plant and equipment	$ 3,706	$ 2,582	$ 10,142	$ 6,946
Amortization of capitalized mine development costs	1,647	766	4,149	1,795
Total depreciation and amortization	5,353	$ 3,348	14,291	$ 8,741
Capitalized amounts related to coal reserves at properties where the Company is not currently engaged in mining operations	$ 9,700		$ 9,700
Coal Properties
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Capitalized amounts related to coal reserves at properties where the Company is not currently engaged in mining operations					$ 5,500

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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Concentrations (Details) - customer	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Revenue Benchmark
Concentrations
Number of Major Customers	3		3
Concentration Risk, Percentage	58.00%		49.00%
Customer Concentration Risk | Revenue Benchmark
Concentrations
Number of Major Customers				6
Concentration Risk, Percentage		66.00%		71.00%
Customer Concentration Risk | Accounts Receivable.
Concentrations
Number of Major Customers			3
Concentration Risk, Percentage			64.00%

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Note 7 - Revenues (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of disaggregation of revenue

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Coal Sales
Domestic revenues	$	50,382	$	35,736	$	126,498	$	95,810
Export revenues		10,998		26,430		58,103		87,577
Total revenues	$	61,380	$	62,166	$	184,601	$	183,387

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Note 5 - Equity - Summary of Restricted Awards Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019 $ / shares shares
EQUITY
Outstanding, shares (in shares) | shares	966,134
Outstanding, Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 6.99
Granted, shares (in shares) | shares	867,201
Granted, Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 5.49
Forfeited, shares (in shares) | shares	(15,837)
Forfeited, Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 5.73
Outstanding, shares (in shares) | shares	1,817,498
Outstanding, Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 6.28

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Note 8 - Income Taxes (Details)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
INCOME TAXES
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent, Total	17.00%	1.00%	17.00%	6.00%
Statutory rate			21.00%

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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 61,380	$ 62,166	$ 184,601	$ 183,387
Cost and expenses
Cost of sales (exclusive of items shown separately below)	44,983	49,406	129,208	141,597
Asset retirement obligation accretion	128	124	383	370
Depreciation and amortization	5,353	3,348	14,291	8,741
Selling, general and administrative	4,464	3,484	13,127	10,608
Total cost and expenses	54,928	56,362	157,009	161,316
Operating income	6,452	5,804	27,592	22,071
Other income	573	1,036	1,063	2,038
Interest expense, net	(342)	(566)	(951)	(980)
Income before taxes	6,683	6,274	27,704	23,129
Income tax expense	1,133	63	4,658	1,448
Net income	$ 5,550	$ 6,211	$ 23,046	$ 21,681
Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings (in dollars per share)	$ 0.14	$ 0.15	$ 0.56	$ 0.54
Diluted earnings (in dollars per share)	$ 0.14	$ 0.15	$ 0.56	$ 0.54
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	40,936	40,082	40,804	40,024
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	40,936	40,329	40,804	40,271

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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 2—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation—These interim financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain disclosures have been condensed or omitted from these financial statements. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for complete consolidated financial statements, and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly present the financial position as of, and the results of operations for, all periods presented. In preparing the accompanying financial statements, management has made certain estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures of contingencies. Actual results may differ from those estimates. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of annual results. Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period’s consolidated financial statements and related footnotes to conform them to the current period presentation. Intercompany balances and transactions between consolidated entities are eliminated.

Cash and Cash Equivalents—We classify all highly-liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash balances at September 30, 2019 were $1.2million, consisted of funds held in escrow for potential future workers’ compensation claims and were classified in other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

Self-Insurance—We are self-insured for certain losses relating to workers’ compensation claims. We purchase insurance coverage to reduce our exposure to significant levels of these claims. Self-insured losses are accrued based upon estimates of the aggregate liability for uninsured claims incurred as of the balance sheet date using current and historical claims experience and certain actuarial assumptions. At September 30, 2019, the estimated aggregate liability for uninsured claims totaled $0.9million.  Of this, $0.6million is included in other long-term liabilities within the consolidated balance sheets. These estimates are subject to uncertainty due to a variety of factors, including extended lag times in the reporting and resolution of claims, and trends or changes in claim settlement patterns, insurance industry practices and legal interpretations. As a result, actual costs could differ significantly from the estimated amounts. Adjustments to estimated liabilities are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs.

Financial Instruments—Our financial assets and liabilities consist of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and notes payable. The fair values of these instruments approximate their carrying amounts at each reporting date.

Nonrecurring fair value measurements include asset retirement obligations, the estimated fair value of which is calculated as the present value of estimated cash flows related to its reclamation liabilities using Level 3 inputs. The significant inputs used to calculate such liabilities include estimates of costs to be incurred, our credit adjusted discount rate, inflation rates and estimated date of reclamation.

Concentrations—During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, sales to three customers accounted for approximately 58% and 49% of total revenue, respectively. The balance due from these three customers at September 30, 2019 was approximately 64% of total accounts receivable. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 sales to six customers accounted for approximately 66% and 71% of total revenue, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements—In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016‑02, Leases, which aims to make leasing activities more transparent and comparable and requires substantially all leases be recognized by lessees on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability, including leases currently accounted for as operating leases. Leases of mineral reserves and related land leases have been exempted from the standard. We adopted ASU 2016‑02, Leases, on January 1, 2019. We elected the “package of practical expedients” within the standard which permits us not to reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. We made an accounting policy election to not separate lease and non-lease components for all leases. The adoption of this standard resulted in the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $0.3 million, which were not previously recorded on our balance sheet.

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Note 10 - Related Party Transactions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

NOTE 10—RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Mineral Lease and Surface Rights Agreements

Much of the coal reserves and surface rights that we control were acquired through a series of mineral leases and surface rights agreements with Ramaco Coal, LLC, a related party. Payments of minimum royalties and throughput payments commenced in 2017 pursuant to the terms of the agreements. Under these agreements, minimum royalties are paid in arrears each month to the extent that the earned production royalties for such month are less than the required minimum royalties. Amounts due to Ramaco Coal, LLC for production royalty payables totaling $0.6 million and $2.9 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, are included in accounts payablein the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

On-going Administrative Services

Under a Mutual Services Agreement dated December 22, 2017 but effective as of March 31, 2018, the Company and Ramaco Coal, LLC agreed to share the services of certain party’s employees. Each party will pay the other a fee on a quarterly basis for such services calculated as the annual base salary of each employee providing services multiplied by the percentage of time each employee spent providing services for the other party. The services will be provided for 12‑month terms, but may be terminated by either party at the end of any 12‑month term by providing written notice at least 30 days prior to the end of the then-current term. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we billed $8,000 to Ramaco Coal, LLC for use of services. 

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Note 6 - Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES.

NOTE 6—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Surety Bond

As of September 30, 2019, our asset retirement obligations totaled $13.4million and we had total corresponding reclamation bonding requirements of $12.8 million, which were supported by surety bonds.

Purchase Commitments

We secure the ability to transport coal through rail contracts and export terminals that are sometimes funded through take-or-pay arrangements. As of September 30, 2019, commitments under take-or-pay arrangements totaled $1.6 million through March 31, 2020.

Litigation

From time to time, the Company may be subject to various litigation and other claims in the normal course of business. No amounts have been accrued in the consolidated financial statements with respect to any matters.

On November 5, 2018, one of our three raw coal storage silos that feed our Elk Creek plant in West Virginia experienced a partial structural failure. The prep plant at our Elk Creek mining complex was idled for approximately three weeks due to the partial structural failure of the silo. In late November 2018, we completed a temporary conveying system at our Elk Creek mining complex. The temporary conveying system allowed us to bypass the damaged raw coal storage silo, which has since been demolished, and allowed for the immediate processing and shipping of coal at approximately 80% of the entire plant capacity, throughout December 2018. In February 2019, we completed the fabrication of a higher capacity bypass system to provide a secondary conveyance system, which operated at greater than 80% of processing capacity with increased reliability compared to the initial bypass system. All remediation efforts were completed in mid-July 2019 and the Elk Creek prep plant returned to full processing capacity at the beginning of August 2019. Our insurance carrier, Federal Insurance Company, disputed our claim for coverage based on certain exclusions to the applicable policy and therefore on August 21, 2019 we filed suit against Federal Insurance Company and Chubb INA Holdings, Inc. in Logan County Circuit Court in West Virginia seeking a declatory judgment that the partial silo collapse was an insurable event and to require coverage under our policy. Chubb INA Holdings, Inc. has filed a motion to dismiss and Federal Insurance Company has filed a motion to remove the case to federal court in West Virginia.

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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Leases (Details) - Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 $ in Millions	Jan. 01, 2019 USD ($)
Operating Lease, Liability, Total	$ 0.3
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset	$ 0.3

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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Restricted Cash	$ 1.2
Restricted Cash, Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	us-gaap:OtherCurrentAssets

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Note 8 - Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

INCOME TAXES

NOTE 8—INCOME TAXES

Income tax provisions for interim quarterly periods are based on an estimated annual effective income tax rate calculated separately from the effect of significant, infrequent or unusual items related specifically to interim periods. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was 17%, compared to 1% for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was 17% and 6%, respectively. The primary difference from the statutory rate of 21% is related to permanent differences for state income taxes, non-deductible expenses and the difference in depletion expense between U.S. GAAP and federal income tax purposes. In 2018, we removed the valuation allowance against deferred taxes, which reduced our effective tax rate.

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Note 4 - Debt

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

DEBT

NOTE 4—DEBT

Credit Facility

On November 2, 2018, we entered into a Credit and Security Agreement (the “Credit Facility”) with KeyBank National Association (“KeyBank”). The Credit Facility consists of a $10.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan”) and up to $30.0 million revolving line of credit, including $1.0 million letter of credit availability (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). All personal property assets, including, but not limited to accounts receivable, coal inventory, and certain surface mining equipment were pledged to secure the Credit Facility. Real property and improvements are excluded from the collateral package and are not encumbered in connection with the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility has a maturity date of November 2, 2021.

The Revolving Credit Facility interest rate is based on LIBOR + 2.35% or Base Rate + 1.75%. The Term Loan credit interest rate is based on LIBOR + 4.75% or Base Rate + 3.75%. Base Rate is the highest of (i) KeyBank’s prime rate, (ii) Federal Funds Effective Rate + 0.5%, or (iii) LIBOR + 1.0%. Both loans are initially base rate loans, but may be converted to LIBOR rate loans at certain times at our discretion.

The outstanding principal balance of the Term Loan is required to be repaid in monthly installments of approximately $0.4 million until fully repaid. The outstanding principal balance of the Term Loan was $5.8million at September 30, 2019 and $9.6 million at December 31, 2018. As of September 30, 2019, $11.0 million was outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility and we had remaining availability of $15 million.

The Credit Facility contains usual and customary covenants, including but not limited to, limitations on liens, additional indebtedness, investments, restricted payments, asset sales, mergers, affiliate transactions and other customary limitations, as well as financial covenants. As of September 30, 2019, we were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility.

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Note 3 - Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of property, plant, and equipment

(In thousands)	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Plant and equipment	$	137,841	$	109,911
Construction in process		10,722		12,066
Capitalized mine development cost		53,482		43,037
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(30,100)		(15,809)
Total property, plant and equipment, net	$	171,945	$	149,205

Schedule of depreciation and amortization

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Depreciation of plant and equipment	$	3,706	$	2,582	$	10,142	$	6,946
Amortization of capitalized
mine development costs		1,647		766		4,149		1,795
Total depreciation and amortization	$	5,353	$	3,348	$	14,291	$	8,741

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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 5,498	$ 6,951
Accounts receivable	30,054	10,729
Inventories	12,644	14,185
Prepaid expenses and other	3,324	3,154
Total current assets	51,520	35,019
Property, plant and equipment, net	171,945	149,205
Advanced coal royalties	3,250	3,045
Other assets	1,041	975
Total Assets	227,756	188,244
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	13,851	16,393
Accrued expenses	11,156	8,094
Asset retirement obligations	734	71
Current portion of long-term debt	5,000	5,000
Other liabilities		287
Total current liabilities	30,741	29,845
Asset retirement obligations	12,665	12,707
Long-term debt, net	11,766	4,474
Deferred tax liability	4,670	109
Other long-term liabilities	701
Total liabilities	60,543	47,135
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 260,000,000 shares authorized, 40,942,581 and 40,082,467 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	409	401
Additional paid-in capital	153,976	150,926
Retained earnings (deficit)	12,828	(10,218)
Total stockholders' equity	167,213	141,109
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$ 227,756	$ 188,244

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Note 7 - Revenue - Domestic Revenues an Export Revenues (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($) $ / T	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($)
REVENUES
Revenues	$ 61,380	$ 62,166	$ 184,601	$ 183,387
Term of domestic sales contracts			1 year
Average per ton | $ / T			105
Domestic Coal Revenues
REVENUES
Revenues	50,382	35,736	$ 126,498	95,810
Export Coal Revenues
REVENUES
Revenues	$ 10,998	$ 26,430	$ 58,103	$ 87,577

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Note 10 - Related Party Transactions (Details) - Ramaco Coal, LLC - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share the services
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Due to Related Parties, Total	$ 8,000
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities | Mineral Lease and Surface Rights Agreements
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Due to Related Parties, Total	$ 600,000	$ 2,900,000

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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$ 23,046	$ 21,681
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Accretion of asset retirement obligations	383	370
Depreciation and amortization	14,291	8,741
Amortization of debt issuance costs	43	406
Stock-based compensation.	3,058	1,940
Deferred income tax expense	4,561	1,448
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable	(19,325)	(24,122)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(170)	(942)
Inventories	1,541	2,107
Advance coal royalties	(205)	(172)
Other assets and liabilities	634	(307)
Accounts payable	(5,291)	5,236
Accrued expenses	3,062	4,087
Net cash from operating activities	25,628	20,473
Cash flow from investing activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(34,043)	(39,883)
Proceeds from maturities of investment securities		5,200
Net cash from investing activities	(34,043)	(34,683)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings	58,050	13,000
Proceeds from notes payable - related party		3,000
Payment of debt issuance costs		(569)
Repayments of borrowings	(50,801)	(1,000)
Repayments of financed insurance payable	(287)	(673)
Net cash from financing activities	6,962	13,758
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(1,453)	(452)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	6,951	5,934
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	5,498	5,482
Supplemental cash flow information
Cash paid for interest	821	801
Non-cash investing and financing activities
Capital expenditures included in accounts payable and accrued expenses	4,068	894
Financed insurance		1,276
Additional asset retirement obligations incurred	$ 239	$ 200

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Note 5 - Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of restricted awards outstanding

		Weighted
		Average Grant
	Shares		Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	966,134	$	6.99
Granted	867,201		5.49
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	(15,837)		5.73
Outstanding at September 30, 2019	1,817,498	$	6.28

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Note 9 - Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

EARNINGS PER SHARE.

NOTE 9—EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following is the computation of basic and diluted EPS:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator
Net income	$	5,550	$	6,211	$	23,046	$	21,681
Denominator
Weighted average shares used to compute basic EPS		40,936		40,082		40,804		40,024
Dilutive effect of share-based awards		—		247		—		247
Weighted average shares used to compute diluted EPS		40,936		40,329		40,804		40,271
Earnings per share
Basic	$	0.14	$	0.15	$	0.56	$	0.54
Diluted	$	0.14	$	0.15	$	0.56	$	0.54

Diluted EPS for the three months ended September 30, 2019 excludes 937,424 options to purchase our common stock because their effect would be anti-dilutive.

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Note 5 - Equity

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

EQUITY

NOTE 5—EQUITY

As of September 30, 2019, there were 40,933,831 shares of common stock outstanding.

Stock-Based Compensation

We have a stock-based compensation plan under which stock options, restricted stock, performance shares and other stock-based awards may be granted. At September 30, 2019, 5.1 million shares were available under the current plan for future awards.

Stock Options – Options for the purchase of a total of 937,424 shares of our common stock for $5.34 per share were granted to two executives on August 31, 2016. The options have a ten-year term from the grant date and are fully vested. The options remain outstanding and unexercised and were not in-the-money at September 30, 2019.

Restricted Stock—We grant shares of restricted stock to certain senior executives, key employees and directors. The shares vest over one to three years from the date of grant. During the vesting period, the participants have voting rights and may receive dividends, but the shares may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered. Additionally, granted but unvested shares are forfeited upon termination of employment, unless an employee enters into another written arrangement. The fair value of the restricted shares on the date of the grant is amortized ratably over the service period. Compensation expense related to these awards totaled $1.1 million and $3.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. As of September 30, 2019, there was $5.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.4years.

The following table summarizes restricted awards outstanding, as well as activity for the period:

		Weighted
		Average Grant
	Shares		Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	966,134	$	6.99
Granted	867,201		5.49
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	(15,837)		5.73
Outstanding at September 30, 2019	1,817,498	$	6.28

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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	50,000,000	50,000,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares Issued (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	260,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	40,933,831	40,082,467
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	40,933,831	40,082,467

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Note 6 - Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Asset Retirement Obligation	$ 13.4
Reclamation bonding requirements	12.8
Commitments	$ 1.6

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Note 9 - Earnings Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
EARNINGS PER SHARE
Net income	$ 5,550	$ 10,613	$ 6,883	$ 6,211	$ 10,204	$ 5,266	$ 23,046	$ 21,681
Weighted average shares used to compute basic EPS (in shares)	40,936			40,082			40,804	40,024
Dilutive effect of share-based awards (in shares)				247				247
Weighted average shares used to compute diluted EPS (in shares)	40,936			40,329			40,804	40,271
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.14			$ 0.15			$ 0.56	$ 0.54
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.14			$ 0.15			$ 0.56	$ 0.54
Antidilutive shares							937,424

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Note 1 - Description of Business

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Ramaco Resources, Inc.

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 1—DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Ramaco Resources, Inc. (“the Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,”) is a Delaware corporation formed in October 2016. Our principal corporate offices are located in Lexington, Kentucky. We are an operator and developer of high-quality, low-cost metallurgical coal in southern West Virginia, southwestern Virginia, and southwestern Pennsylvania.

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Note 3 - Property, Plant and Equipment - Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	$ (30,100)	$ (15,809)
Total property, plant and equipment, net	171,945	149,205
Plant and Equipment
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment, gross	137,841	109,911
Construction in Progress
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment, gross	10,722	12,066
Mine Development
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 53,482	$ 43,037

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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Self-Insurance (Details) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Self-Insurance
Estimated aggregate liability for uninsured claims	$ 0.9