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IMPAIRMENT, RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER EXPENSES
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
IMPAIRMENT, RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER EXPENSE IMPAIRMENT, RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER EXPENSES
Impairment, restructuring and other expenses were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
(In millions)202120202019
Subsea$53.5 $2,957.5 $1,748.4 
Surface Technologies7.6 440.2 704.2 
Corporate and other5.6 4.3 4.1 
Total impairment, restructuring and other expenses$66.7 $3,402.0 $2,456.7 
Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets Impairments
Goodwill and long-lived assets impairments were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
(In millions)202120202019
Subsea$44.2 $2,854.5 $1,794.8 
Surface Technologies1.9 419.3 685.5 
Corporate and other3.0 — — 
Total impairments$49.1 $3,273.8 $2,480.3 

Subsequent to the Spin-off, certain real estate rationalization actions were taken, and as a result, we recorded $24.2 million of impairment charges relating to our operating lease right-of-use assets and $24.9 million of impairment of property, plant and equipment during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Due to the substantial decline in global demand for oil caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 we reviewed the future utilization of our vessels and service potential of our subsea service and surface equipment and determined that the carrying amount of our goodwill and some of our long-lived assets exceeded their respective fair values. We recorded $3,083.4 million and $190.4 million, respectively, related to goodwill and long-lived assets impairments. The $190.4 million of long-lived asset impairments during the year ended December 31, 2020 consisted of $88.4 million attributable to plant, equipment and various machinery infrastructure in our Subsea operating segment; $82.0 million mainly related to building and surface equipment in our Surface Technologies reportable segment; and $20.0 million of operating lease right-of-use assets impairments.
The prolonged downturn in the energy market and its corresponding impact on our business outlook in 2019 led us to conclude the carrying amount of certain of our assets in our Subsea and Surface Technologies segments exceeded their fair value as of December 31, 2019. During the 2019 year we recorded $1,988.7 million and $491.6 million, respectively, related to goodwill and long-lived assets impairments. The $491.6 million of long-lived asset impairments during the year ended December 31, 2019, primarily consisted of $153.8 million related to vessels in our Subsea operating segment and $168.9 million related to our flexible pipe and umbilical manufacturing facilities in our Surface Technologies reportable segment due to the prolonged downturn in the energy market and its corresponding impact on our business outlook.
Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that carrying amounts of such assets may not be recoverable. Assessing the recoverability of assets to be held and used requires the use of unobservable inputs, which involves significant judgment. Such judgments include expected future asset utilization while taking into account reduced future capital spending by certain customers in response to market conditions.
Restructuring and Other Expenses
Restructuring and other charges primarily consisted of severance and other employee related costs and COVID-19 related expenses across all segments. Restructuring and other expenses were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
(In millions)Restructuring and other chargesRestructuring and other chargesCOVID-19 expensesRestructuring and other charges
Subsea$9.3 $52.9 $50.1 $(46.4)
Surface Technologies5.7 13.2 7.7 18.7 
Corporate and other2.6 4.3 — 4.1 
Total$17.6 $70.4 $57.8 $(23.6)
COVID-19 related expenses represent unplanned, one-off, incremental and non-recoverable costs incurred solely as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic situation, which would not have been incurred otherwise. COVID-19 related expenses primarily included (a) employee payroll and travel, operational disruptions associated with quarantining, personnel travel restrictions to job sites, and shutdown of manufacturing plants and sites; (b) supply chain and related expediting costs of accelerated shipments for previously ordered and undelivered products; (c) costs associated with implementing additional information technology to support remote working environments; and (d) facilities-related expenses to ensure safe working environments.
Prolonged uncertainty in energy markets could lead to further future reductions in capital spending from our customer base. In turn, this may lead to changes in our strategy. We will continue to take actions designed to mitigate the adverse effects of the rapidly changing market environment and expect to continue to adjust our cost structure to market conditions. If market conditions continue to deteriorate, we may record additional restructuring charges and additional impairments of our long-lived assets, operating lease right-of-use assets and equity method investments.