Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of ProPetro Holding Corp. and its subsidiaries (the "Company," "we," "us" or "our") have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for interim financial information and do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for annual financial statements. Those adjustments (which consisted of normal recurring accruals) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the interim periods have been made. Results of operations for such interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full year due to changes in market conditions and other factors. The condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2022, included in our Form 10-K filed with the SEC (our "Form 10-K").

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s services are sold based upon contracts with customers. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. The following is a description of the principal activities, aggregated into our one reportable segment—"Completion Services," from which the Company generates its revenue and "All Other" category.

Completion Services — Completion services consists of downhole pumping services, which includes hydraulic fracturing, cementing and wireline operations.

Hydraulic fracturing is an oil well completion technique, which is part of the overall well completion process. It is a well-stimulation technique intended to optimize hydrocarbon flow paths during the completion phase of shale wellbores. The process involves the injection of water, sand and chemicals under high pressure into shale formations. Our hydraulic fracturing contracts with our customers have one performance obligation, which is the contracted total stages, satisfied over time. We recognize revenue over time using a progress output, unit-of-work performed method, which is based on the agreed fixed transaction price and actual stages completed. We believe that recognizing revenue based on actual stages completed accurately depicts how our hydraulic fracturing services are transferred to our customers over time. In addition, certain of our hydraulic fracturing equipment may be entitled to reservation fee charges if a customer were to reserve committed hydraulic fracturing equipment. The Company recognizes revenue related to reservation fee charges on a daily basis as the performance obligations are met.

Acidizing, which is part of our hydraulic fracturing operating segment, involves a well-stimulation technique where acid or similar chemicals are injected under pressure into formations to form or expand fissures. Our acidizing contracts have one performance obligation, satisfied at a point-in-time, upon completion of the contracted service or sale of the acid or chemical when control is transferred to the customer. Jobs for these services are typically short term in nature, with most jobs completed in less than a day. We recognize acidizing revenue at a point-in-time, upon completion of the performance obligation.

Our cementing services use pressure pumping equipment to deliver a slurry of liquid cement that is pumped down a well between the casing and the borehole. Our cementing contracts have one performance obligation, satisfied at a point-in-time, upon completion of the contracted service when control is transferred to the customer. Jobs for these services are typically short term in nature, with most jobs completed in less than a day. We recognize cementing revenue at a point-in-time, upon completion of the performance obligation.

Wireline services (including pumpdown) are oil well completion techniques, which are part of the well completion process. Our wireline services utilize equipment with a drum of wireline to deploy perforating guns in the well to perforate the casing, cement, and formation. Once the well is perforated, the well can be fractured. Pumpdown utilizes pressure pumping equipment to pump water into the well to deploy perforating guns attached to wireline through the lateral section of a well. Our wireline contracts with our customers have one performance obligation, which is the contracted total stages, satisfied over time. We recognize revenue over time using a progress output, unit-of-work performed method, which is based on the agreed fixed transaction price and actual stages completed. We believe that recognizing revenue based on actual stages completed accurately depicts how our wireline services are transferred to our customers over time. In addition, certain of our wireline equipment is entitled to daily equipment charges while the equipment is on the customer’s locations. The Company recognizes revenue related daily equipment charges on a daily basis as the performance obligations are met.

The transaction price for each performance obligation for all our completion services is fixed per our contracts with our customers.

All Other— All other consists of coiled tubing services, which are complementary downhole well completion/remedial services. The performance obligation for these services had a fixed transaction price which was satisfied at a point-in-time upon completion of the service when control was transferred to the customer. Accordingly, we recognized revenue at a point-in-time, upon completion of the service and transfer of control to the customer. Effective September 1, 2022, we shut down our coiled tubing operations, and disposed of all our coiled tubing assets.

Restricted Cash and Customer Cash Advance

Our restricted cash relates to a cash advance received from a customer in connection with our contract with the customer to provide electric hydraulic fracturing equipment and services. The cash advance from the customer will be credited towards the customer’s invoice as our revenue performance obligations are met over the contract period. Our restricted cash balances as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, were $18.3 million and $10.0 million, respectively.

The cash advance received represents a contract liability in connection with the performance of certain completion services. The cash advance (contract liability) balances, which are included in accrued and other current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, were $22.0 million and $10.0 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized $1.0 million in revenue from the amount outstanding as of December 31, 2022.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivables are stated at the amount billed and billable to customers. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, accrued revenue (unbilled receivable) included as part of our accounts receivable was $91.0 million and $51.9 million, respectively. At March 31, 2023, the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligation for our partially completed hydraulic fracturing and wireline operations was $54.7 million, which is expected to be completed and recognized as revenue within one month following the current period balance sheet date.

Allowance for Credit Losses

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had $0.2 million allowance for credit losses. Our allowance for credit losses is based on the evaluation of both our historic collection experience and the economic outlook for the oil and gas industry. We evaluated the historic loss experience on our accounts receivable and also considered separately customers with receivable balances that may be negatively impacted by current or future economic developments and market conditions. While the Company has not experienced significant credit losses in the past and has not yet seen material adverse changes to the payment patterns of its customers, the Company cannot predict with any certainty the degree to which the impacts of depressed economic activities, including the potential impact of periodically adjusted borrowing base limits, level of hedged production, or unforeseen well shut-downs may affect the ability of its customers to timely pay receivables when due. Accordingly, in future periods, the Company may revise its estimates of expected credit losses.

The table below shows a summary of allowance for credit losses during the three months ended March 31, 2023:


(in thousands)

Balance - January 1, 2023	$	419
Provision for credit losses during the period	—
Write-off during the period	(217)
Balance - March 31, 2023	$	202

Change in Accounting Estimates

Current trends in hydraulic fracturing equipment operating conditions such as larger pads, changes to job design and increased pumping hours per day have resulted in shorter useful lives for certain critical components that are included in our property and equipment assets. These recent trends necessitated a review of useful lives of our critical components like fluid ends, power ends, hydraulic fracturing units and other components in the first quarter of 2023. We determined that the estimated useful life of fluid ends is now less than one year, resulting in our determination that costs associated with the replacement of these components will no longer be capitalized, but instead recorded in inventories and amortized to cost of services over their estimated useful life. We have also shortened the estimated useful lives of power ends to two years from five years and hydraulic fracturing units to ten years from fifteen years. This change in accounting estimates was made effective January 1, 2023 and accounted for prospectively. The net effect of this change for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was a $3.6 million decrease in net income, or $0.03 per basic and diluted share. Additionally, effective January 1, 2023, if we experience premature failures in certain major components that are capitalized, we will fully depreciate any remaining book value of such components.