Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

Net loss per share (basic) attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Net loss per share (diluted) is computed by using the "if-converted" method when calculating the potential dilutive effect, if any, of convertible shares whereby net loss attributable to common stockholders is adjusted by the effect of dilutive securities such as awards under equity compensation plans and inducement awards under separate restricted stock unit, or RSUs, award agreements. Net loss per share (diluted) attributable to common stockholders is then calculated by dividing the resulting adjusted net loss attributable to common stockholders by the combined weighted-average number of fully diluted common shares outstanding.

In July 2018, we completed an initial public offering of our common shares wherein 20,700,000 shares of Class A common stock were sold into the market. Added to existing shares of Class B common stock were shares mandatorily converted from various financial instruments as a result of the IPO. See Note 9, Common Stock Warrants.

There were no adjustments to net loss attributable to common stockholders in determining net loss attributable to common stockholders (diluted). Equally, there were no adjustments to the weighted average number of outstanding shares of common stock (basic) in arriving at the weighted average number of outstanding shares (diluted), as such adjustments would have been antidilutive.

We recognized a deemed dividend of $2.5 million on November 26, 2019 related to our buyout of the tax equity partner’s equity interest in PPA IIIb. The deemed dividend was recorded as a result of the buyout amount exceeding the hypothetical liquidation book value of the tax equity investor's equity interest in PPA IIIb on the date the buyout occurred. This charge impacted net income attributable to common stockholders and earnings per share in the year ended December 31, 2019.

Net loss per share is the same for each class of common stock as they are entitled to the same liquidation and dividend rights with the exception of voting rights. As a result, net loss per share (basic) and net loss per share (diluted) attributed to common stockholders are the same for both Class A and Class B common stock and are combined for presentation. The following table sets forth the computation of our net loss per share (basic) and net loss per share (diluted) attributable to common stockholders (in thousands, except per share amounts):



	Years Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
				As Restated			As Revised
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders	$	(304,414	)	$	(273,540	)	$	(276,362	)
Less: deemed dividend to noncontrolling interest	(2,454		)	—			—
Net loss available to Class A and Class B common stockholders	$	(306,868	)	$	(273,540	)	$	(276,362	)
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of common stock, basic and diluted	115,118			53,268			10,248

Net loss per share available to Class A and Class B common stockholders, basic and diluted	$	(2.67	)	$	(5.14	)	$	(26.97	)

The following common stock equivalents (in thousands) were excluded from the computation of our net loss per share attributable to common stockholders (diluted) for the periods presented as their inclusion would have been antidilutive:



	Years Ended December 31,
	2019	2018	2017

Convertible and non-convertible redeemable preferred stock and convertible notes	27,213	27,230	85,476
Stock options to purchase common stock	4,631	4,962	2,950
Convertible redeemable preferred stock warrants	—	—	60
Convertible redeemable common stock warrants	—	—	312
	31,844	32,192	88,798