Outstanding Loans and Security Agreements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Outstanding Loans and Security Agreements

Outstanding Loans and Security Agreements

The following is a summary of our debt as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands, except percentage data):

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Net Carrying Value						Interest Rate	Maturity Dates	Entity	Recourse
			Current		Long- Term		Total
10.25% Senior Secured Notes due March 2027	$	61,653	$	12,716	$	48,244	$	60,960	10.25%	March 2027	Company	Yes
2.5% Green Convertible Senior Notes due August 2025	230,000		—		224,832		224,832		2.5%	August 2025	Company	Yes
Total recourse debt	291,653		12,716		273,076		285,792
3.04% Senior Secured Notes due June 30, 2031	127,430		13,307		112,480		125,787		3.04%	June 2031	PPA V	No
Total non-recourse debt	127,430		13,307		112,480		125,787
Total debt	$	419,083	$	26,023	$	385,556	$	411,579

The following is a summary of our debt as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands, except percentage data):

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Net Carrying Value						Interest Rate	Maturity Dates	Entity	Recourse
			Current		Long- Term		Total
10.25% Senior Secured Notes due March 2027	$	70,000	$	8,348	$	60,620	$	68,968	10.25%	March 2027	Company	Yes
2.5% Green Convertible Senior Notes due August 2025	230,000		—		222,863		222,863		2.5%	August 2025	Company	Yes
Total recourse debt	300,000		8,348		283,483		291,831
3.04% Senior Secured Notes due June 30, 2031	134,644		9,376		123,255		132,631		3.04%	June 2031	PPA V	No
7.5% Term Loan due September 2028	31,070		3,436		25,570		29,006		7.5%	September  2028	PPA IIIa	No
6.07% Senior Secured Notes due March 2030	73,955		4,671		68,591		73,262		6.07%	March 2030	PPA IV	No
Total non-recourse debt	239,669		17,483		217,416		234,899
Total debt	$	539,669	$	25,831	$	500,899	$	526,730

Recourse debt refers to debt that we have an obligation to pay. Non-recourse debt refers to debt that is recourse to only our subsidiaries. The differences between the unpaid principal balances and the net carrying values apply to deferred financing costs. We and all of our subsidiaries were in compliance with all financial covenants as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Recourse Debt Facilities

10.25% Senior Secured Notes due March 2027 - On May 1, 2020, we issued $70.0 million of 10.25% Senior Secured Notes in a private placement (the “10.25% Senior Secured Notes”). The 10.25% Senior Secured Notes are governed by an indenture (the “Senior Secured Notes Indenture”) entered into among us, the guarantor party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, in its capacity as trustee and collateral agent. The 10.25% Senior Secured Notes are secured by certain of our operations and maintenance agreements that previously were part of the security for the 6% Convertible Notes. The 10.25% Senior Secured Notes are supported by a $150.0 million indenture between us and U.S. Bank National Association, which contained an accordion feature for an additional $80.0 million of notes that could have been issued on or prior to September 27, 2021. We chose not to exercise this accordion feature, which has already expired.

Interest on the 10.25% Senior Secured Notes is payable quarterly, commencing June 30, 2020. The 10.25% Senior Secured Notes Indenture contains customary events of default and covenants relating to, among other things, the incurrence of new debt, affiliate transactions, liens and restricted payments. Commencing on March 27, 2022, we may redeem all of the 10.25% Senior Secured Notes at a price equal to 108% of the principal amount of the 10.25% Senior Secured Notes plus

accrued and unpaid interest, with such optional redemption prices decreasing to 104% on and after March 27, 2023, 102% on and after March 27, 2024 and 100% on and after March 27, 2026. If we experience a change of control, we must offer to purchase for cash all or any part of each holder’s 10.25% Senior Secured Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the 10.25% Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The non-current balance of the outstanding unpaid principal of the 10.25% Senior Secured Notes was $48.9 million and $61.7 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The current balance of the outstanding unpaid principal of the 10.25% Senior Secured Notes was $12.7 million and $8.3 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

2.5% Green Convertible Senior Notes due August 2025 - In August 2020, we issued $230.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 2.5% Green Convertible Senior Notes due August 2025 (the “Green Notes”), unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. The principal amount of the Green Notes is $230.0 million, less initial purchaser’s discount of $6.9 million and other issuance costs of $3.0 million resulting in net proceeds of $220.1 million.

The Green Notes are senior, unsecured obligations accruing interest at a rate of 2.5% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year, beginning on February 15, 2021.

We may not redeem the Green Notes prior to August 21, 2023. We may elect to redeem, at face value, all or any portion of the Green Notes at any time on or after August 21, 2023 and on or before the twenty-sixth trading day immediately before the maturity date, provided certain conditions are met.

Before May 15, 2025, the noteholders have the right to convert their Green Notes only upon the occurrence of certain events, including a conversion upon satisfaction of a condition relating to the closing price of our common stock (the “Closing Price Condition”). If the Closing Price Condition is met on at least 20 of the last 30 consecutive trading days in any quarter, the noteholders may convert their Green Notes at any time during the immediately following quarter. The Closing Price Condition was met during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and accordingly, the noteholders could convert their Green Notes at any time during the quarter ended December 31, 2022, but they did not elect to do so. From and after May 15, 2025, the noteholders may convert their Green Notes at any time at their election until the close of business on the second trading day immediately before the maturity date. Should the noteholders elect to convert their Green Notes, we may elect to settle the conversion by paying or delivering, as applicable, cash, shares of our Class A common stock or a combination thereof.

The initial conversion rate is 61.6808 shares of Class A common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $16.21 per share of Class A common stock. The conversion rate and conversion price are subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events. In addition, if certain corporate events that constitute a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” as defined occur, the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time.

We adopted ASU 2020-06 as of January 1, 2021 using the modified retrospective transition method. Upon adoption, we combined the previously separated equity component of the Green Notes with the liability component, which is now together classified as debt, thereby eliminating the subsequent amortization of the debt discount as interest expense. Similarly, the portion of issuance costs previously allocated to equity was reclassified to debt and amortized as interest expense. Accordingly, we recorded a net decrease to accumulated deficit of $5.3 million, a decrease to additional paid-in capital of $126.8 million, and an increase to recourse debt, non-current, of approximately $121.5 million upon adoption as of January 1, 2021.

Interest on the Green Notes for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $7.7 million, $7.7 million and $2.9 million, respectively, including amortization of issuance costs of $2.0 million, $2.0 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

Non-recourse Debt Facilities

3.04% Senior Secured Notes due June 2031 - In November 2021, PPA V issued senior secured notes in an aggregate principal amount of $136.0 million due June 2031. The note bears a fixed rate of 3.04% per annum payable quarterly. The proceeds from the 3.04% Senior Secured Notes due June 2031 were utilized to (i) repay all obligations of the existing LIBOR + 2.5% Term Loan due December 2021, including an outstanding principal balance of $109.1 million, accrued interest of $0.1 million, and fees required to terminate associated interest rate swaps of $11.5 million, (ii) pay the required premium for the PPA V production insurance of $6.5 million, (iii) and pay related fees and expenses related to the refinancing totaling $2.1 million, resulting in a net cash flow of $6.7 million. The note purchase agreement requires us to maintain a debt service reserve, the balance of which was $8.0 million and $8.0 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which was included as part of long-term restricted cash in the consolidated balance sheets. The loan is secured by all assets of PPA V.

7.5% Term Loan due September 2028 - On June 14, 2022, as part of the PPA IIIa Upgrade, we paid off the outstanding balance and related accrued interest of $30.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively, and recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $4.2 million. The debt service reserve of $3.6 million was reclassified from restricted cash to cash and cash equivalents at the time of extinguishment of debt.

6.07% Senior Secured Notes due March 2030 - On November 22, 2022, as part of the PPA IV Upgrade, we paid off the outstanding balance and related accrued interest of $70.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively, and recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $4.7 million. The debt service reserve of $9.1 million was reclassified from restricted cash to cash and cash equivalents at the time of extinguishment of debt.

Repayment Schedule and Interest Expense

The following table presents details of our outstanding loan principal repayment schedule as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

2023	$	26,023
2024	25,428
2025	258,061
2026	30,641
2027	17,772
Thereafter	61,158
	$	419,083

Interest expense of $53.5 million, $69.0 million and $78.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, was recorded in interest expense on the consolidated statements of operations. This interest expense includes interest expense - related parties of $2.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. We did not incur any interest expense - related parties during the years ended December 31, 2022