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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements (the “Consolidated Financial Statements”) include the accounts of Four Corners Property Trust, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. These adjustments are considered to be of a normal, recurring nature.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The estimates and assumptions used in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements are based on management’s evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparing the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, and such differences could be material.

Real Estate Investments, Net

Real estate investments, net are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Building components are depreciated over estimated useful lives ranging from seven to fifty-five years using the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements, which are reflected on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as a component of buildings, equipment, and improvements, net are amortized over the lesser of the non-cancelable lease term or the estimated useful lives of the related assets using the straight-line method. Equipment is depreciated over estimated useful lives ranging from two to fifteen years also using the straight-line method. Real estate development and construction costs for newly constructed restaurants are capitalized in the period in which they are incurred. Gains and losses on the disposal of land, buildings, and equipment are included in realized gain on sale, net, in our accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income (“Income Statements”).

Our accounting policies regarding land, buildings, equipment, and improvements, include our judgments regarding the estimated useful lives of these assets, the residual values to which the assets are depreciated or amortized, the determination of what constitutes a reasonably assured lease term, and the determination as to what constitutes enhancing the value of or increasing the life of existing assets. These judgments and estimates may produce materially different amounts of reported depreciation and amortization expense if different assumptions were used. As discussed further below, these judgments may also impact our need to recognize an impairment charge on the carrying amount of these assets as the cash flows associated with the assets are realized, or as our expectations of estimated future cash flows change.

Acquisition of Real Estate

The Company evaluates acquisitions to determine whether transactions should be accounted for as asset acquisitions or business combinations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-01. The Company has determined the land, building, site improvements, and in-places leases (if any) of assets acquired were each single assets as the building and property improvements are attached to the land and cannot be physically removed and used separately from the land without incurring significant costs or reducing their fair value. Additionally, the Company has not acquired a substantive process used to generate outputs. As substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired are concentrated in a single identifiable asset and there were no processes acquired, the acquisitions do not qualify as a business and are accounted for as asset acquisitions. Related transaction costs are generally capitalized and amortized over the useful life of the acquired assets.

The Company allocates the purchase price (including acquisition and closing costs) of real estate acquisitions to land, building, and improvements based on their relative fair values. The determination of the building fair value is on an ‘as-if-vacant’ basis. Value is allocated to acquired lease intangibles (if any) based on the costs avoided and revenue recognized by acquiring the property subject to lease and avoiding an otherwise ‘dark period’. In making estimates of fair values for this purpose, the Company uses a third-party specialist that obtains various information about each property, as well as the pre-acquisition due diligence of the Company and prior leasing activities at the site.

Lease Intangibles

Lease intangibles, if any, acquired in conjunction with the purchase of real estate represent the value of in-place leases and above- or below-market leases. For real estate acquired subject to existing lease agreements, acquired lease intangibles are valued based on the Company’s estimates of costs related to tenant acquisition and the asset carrying costs, including lost revenue, that would be incurred during the time it would take to locate a tenant if the property were vacant, considering current market conditions and costs to execute similar leases at the time of the acquisition. Above-market and below-market lease intangibles are recorded based on the present value of the difference between the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the leases at the time of acquisition of the real estate and the Company’s estimate of current market lease rates for the property, measured over a period equal to the remaining initial term of the lease.

In-place lease intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining initial term of the related lease and included in depreciation and amortization expense. Above-market lease intangibles are amortized over the remaining initial terms of the respective leases as a decrease in rental revenue. Below-market lease intangibles are generally amortized as an increase to rental revenue over the remaining initial term of the respective leases, but may be amortized over the renewal periods if the Company believes it is likely the tenant will exercise the renewal option. Should a lease terminate early, the unamortized portion of any

related lease intangible is immediately recognized as an impairment loss included in depreciation and amortization expense.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Land, buildings and equipment and certain other assets, including definite-lived intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the assets to the future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. Identifiable cash flows are measured at the lowest level for which they are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities, generally at the restaurant level. If these assets are determined to be impaired, the amount of impairment recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds their fair value. Fair value is generally determined by appraisals or sales prices of comparable assets.

The judgments we make related to the expected useful lives of long-lived assets and our ability to realize undiscounted cash flows in excess of the carrying amounts of these assets are affected by factors such as the ongoing maintenance and improvements of the assets, changes in economic conditions, changes in usage or operating performance, desirability of the restaurant sites and other factors, such as our ability to sell our assets held for sale. As we assess the ongoing expected cash flows and carrying amounts of our long-lived assets, significant adverse changes in these factors could cause us to realize a material impairment loss.

Exit or disposal activities include the cost of disposing of the assets and are generally expensed as incurred. Upon disposal of the assets, any gain or loss is recorded in the same caption within our Income Statements as the original impairment. Provisions for impairment are included in depreciation and amortization expense.

Real Estate Held for Sale

Real estate is classified as held for sale when the sale is probable, will be completed within one year, purchase agreements are executed, the buyer has a significant deposit at risk, and no financing contingencies exist which could prevent the transaction from being completed in a timely manner. Restaurant sites and certain other assets to be disposed of are included in assets held for sale when the likelihood of disposing of these assets within one year is probable. Assets whose disposal is not probable within one year remain in land, buildings, equipment and improvements until their disposal within one year is probable. Disposals of assets that have a major effect on our operations and financial results or that represent a strategic shift in our operating businesses meet the requirements to be reported as discontinued operations. Real estate held for sale is reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value, less estimated costs to sell. There was no real estate held for sale at June 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents can consist of cash and money market accounts. Restricted cash consists of 1031 tax deferred real estate exchange proceeds and is included in Other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Long-term Debt and Deferred Financing Costs

Long-term Debt

Long-term debt is carried at unpaid principal balance, net of deferred financing costs. All of our long-term debt is currently unsecured and interest is paid monthly on our non-amortizing term loans and revolving credit facility and semi-annually on our senior fixed rate notes.

Deferred Financing Costs

Financing costs related to long-term debt are deferred and amortized over the remaining life of the debt using the effective interest method. These costs are presented as a direct deduction from their related liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

We enter into derivative instruments for risk management purposes only, including derivatives designated as hedging instruments as required by FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and those utilized as economic hedges. Our use of derivative instruments is currently limited to interest rate hedges. These instruments are generally structured as hedges of the variability of cash flows related to forecasted transactions (cash flow hedges). We do not enter into derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes, where changes in the cash flows of the derivative are not expected to offset changes in cash flows of the hedged item. All derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet at fair value. For those derivative instruments for which we intend to elect hedge accounting, at the time the derivative contract is entered into, we document all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as our risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking the various hedge transactions. This process includes linking all derivatives designated as cash flow hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet or to specific forecasted transactions. We also formally assess, both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of hedged items.

To the extent our derivatives are effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, and otherwise meet the cash flow hedge accounting criteria in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), changes in the derivatives’ fair value are not included in current earnings but are included in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax. These changes in fair value will be reclassified into earnings at the time of the forecasted transaction. Ineffectiveness measured in the hedging relationship is recorded in earnings in the period in which it occurs.

Other Assets and Liabilities

Other assets primarily consist of right of use operating lease assets, pre-acquisition costs, prepaid assets, food and beverage inventories for use by our Kerrow operating subsidiary, escrow deposits, and accounts receivable. Other liabilities primarily consist of accrued compensation, accrued interest, accrued operating expenses, and operating lease liabilities.

Leases, Lessee

Leases

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (“ASC 842”), using the effective date method. Consolidated Financial Statements for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019, are presented under the new guidance, while prior periods amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with previous guidance. We elected the package of practical expedients which permits us to not reassess (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) any initial direct costs for any existing leases as of the effective date. We did not elect the hindsight practical expedient which permits entities to use hindsight in determining the lease term and assessing impairment. The adoption of the lease standard did not change our previously reported Consolidated Financial Statements and did not result in a cumulative adjustment to equity.

All significant lease arrangements are generally recognized at lease commencement. For leases where the Company is the lessee upon adoption of ASC 842, operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset during the reasonably certain lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Leases, Lessor

For leases where Company is the lessor, we determine the classification upon commencement. At June 30, 2019, all leases are classified as operating leases. These operating leases may contain both lease and non-lease components. The Company accounts

for lease and non-lease components as a single component. Prior to adoption of ASC 842, lease origination fees were deferred and amortized over the related lease term as an adjustment to depreciation expense. Subsequent to the adoption of ASC 842 on January 1, 2019, the Company expenses certain initial direct costs that are not incremental in obtaining a lease.

Revenue Recognition

Rental Revenue

For those net leases that provide for periodic and determinable increases in base rent, base rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the applicable lease term when collectability is probable. Recognizing rental revenue on a straight-line basis generally results in recognized revenues during the first half of a lease term exceeding the cash amounts contractually due from our tenants, creating a deferred rent receivable.

We assess the collectability of our lease receivables, including deferred rents receivable, on several factors, including payment history, the financial strength of the tenant and any guarantors, historical operations and operating trends of the property, and current economic conditions. If our evaluation of these factors indicates it is not probable that we will be to recover substantially all of the receivable, we derecognize the deferred rent receivable asset and record as a reduction in rental revenue.

For those leases that provide for periodic increases in base rent only if certain revenue parameters or other substantive contingencies are met, the increased rental revenue is recognized as the related parameters or contingencies are met, rather than on a straight-line basis over the applicable lease term. Prior to the adoption of ASC 842, lessor costs reimbursed by the lessee were presented on a net basis in our Consolidated Financial Statements. Subsequent to the adoption of ASC 842 on January 1, 2019, costs paid by the lessor and reimbursed by the lessees will be included in variable lease payments and presented on a gross basis within rental revenue. Sales taxes collected from lessees and remitted to governmental authorities are presented on a net basis within rental revenue.

Restaurant Revenue

Restaurant revenue represents food, beverage, and other products sold and is presented net of the following discounts: coupons, employee meals, complimentary meals and gift cards. Revenue from restaurant sales, whether received in cash or by credit card, is recognized when food and beverage products are sold. At both June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, credit card receivables, included in other assets, totaled $84 thousand and $82 thousand, respectively. We recognize sales from our gift cards when the gift card is redeemed by the customer. Sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are presented on a net basis within restaurant revenue on our Consolidated Income Statements.

Restaurant Expenses

Restaurant expenses include restaurant labor, general and administrative expenses, rent expense, and food and beverage costs. Food and beverage costs include inventory, warehousing, related purchasing and distribution costs. Vendor allowances received in connection with the purchase of a vendor’s products are recognized as a reduction of the related food and beverage costs as earned.

Income Taxes

We believe that we have been organized and have operated in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2016, and we intend to continue to operate in a manner that will enable us to maintain our qualification as a REIT. So long as we qualify as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax on our net income that we distribute currently to our shareholders. To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are required under the Code to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains) to our shareholders and meet certain other requirements. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate rates. Even if we qualify as a REIT, we may also be subject to certain state, local and franchise taxes. Under certain circumstances, federal income and excise taxes may be due on our undistributed taxable income.

The Kerrow Restaurant Operating Business is a TRS and is taxed as a C corporation.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) are computed by dividing net income allocated to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. No effect is shown for any securities that are anti-dilutive. Net income allocated to common shareholders represents net income less income allocated to participating securities and non-controlling interests. None of the Company’s equity awards are participating securities.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company’s stock-based compensation plan provides for the grant of restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), deferred stock units (“DSUs”), performance-based awards, including performance stock units (“PSUs”), dividend equivalents (“DEUs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and other types of awards to eligible participants. DEUs are earned during the vesting period and received upon vesting of award. Upon forfeiture of an award, DEUs earned during the vesting period are also forfeited. We classify stock-based payment awards either as equity awards or liability awards based upon cash settlement options. Equity classified awards are measured based on the fair value on the date of grant. Liability classified awards are remeasured to fair value each reporting period. We recognize costs resulting from the Company’s stock-based compensation awards on a straight-line basis over their vesting periods, which range between one and five years, less estimated forfeitures. No compensation cost is recognized for awards for which employees do not render the requisite services.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

We use a fair value approach to value certain assets and liabilities. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. We use a fair value hierarchy, which distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and an entity's own assumptions (unobservable inputs). The hierarchy consists of three levels:


•	Level 1 - Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;


•	Level 2 - Inputs other than level one inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable; and

•

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs developed using estimates and assumptions, which are developed by the reporting entity and reflect those assumptions that a market participant would use.

Application of New Accounting Standards

We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs issued by the FASB. ASUs not yet adopted were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on our consolidated result of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Fair Value Measurement

The carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments including cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due either to length of maturity or interest rates that approximate prevailing market rates. The carrying value of derivative financial instruments equal fair value in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Determining which category an asset or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment. We evaluate hierarchy disclosures each reporting period.