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Fair Value of Financial Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value of Financial Instruments

14. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

As of December 31, the following financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Business acquisitions contingent consideration,

   current

 

$

49,902

 

 

$

8,614

 

Business acquisitions contingent consideration,

   long-term

 

 

4,565

 

 

 

379

 

Conversion option

 

 

20,886

 

 

 

 

Contingent put option

 

 

 

 

 

7,100

 

Warrant option

 

 

 

 

 

16,878

 

Total

 

$

75,353

 

 

$

32,971

 

 

The estimated fair value amounts shown above are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company would realize upon disposition, nor do they indicate the Company’s intent or ability to dispose of the financial instrument.

The following table sets forth the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

 

 

 

Level 3

 

 

 

Business

Acquisitions

Contingent

Consideration,

Current

 

 

Business

Acquisitions

Contingent

Consideration,

Long-term

 

 

Conversion Option

 

 

Contingent

Put Option

 

 

Warrant

Options

 

 

Subordinated Debt Embedded Derivative

 

 

Total

 

Balance—at January 1, 2018

 

$

1,345

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

2,647

 

 

$

3,992

 

Acquisitions

 

 

2,951

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,951

 

Changes in fair value included in

   earnings

 

 

(158

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(352

)

 

 

(510

)

Payment of contingent consideration

   payable

 

 

(1,384

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,384

)

Issuance of financial instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,818

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,818

 

Write off of financial instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,295

)

 

 

(2,295

)

Balance—at December 31, 2018

 

$

2,754

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

12,818

 

 

$

 

 

$

15,572

 

Acquisitions

 

 

5,022

 

 

 

379

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,401

 

Changes in fair value included in

   earnings

 

 

1,392

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7,100

 

 

 

4,060

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,552

 

Payment of contingent consideration

   payable

 

 

(554

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(554

)

Balance—at December 31, 2019

 

$

8,614

 

 

$

379

 

 

$

 

 

$

7,100

 

 

$

16,878

 

 

$

 

 

$

32,971

 

Acquisitions

 

 

34,661

 

 

 

10,543

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

45,204

 

Series A-2 compound embedded option

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(9,361

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(9,361

)

Issuance of warrant option

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

30,097

 

 

 

 

 

 

30,097

 

Changes in fair value included in

   earnings

 

 

19,119

 

 

 

(6,177

)

 

 

30,247

 

 

 

(19,240

)

 

 

9,312

 

 

 

 

 

 

33,261

 

Payment of contingent consideration

   payable

 

 

(12,464

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(12,464

)

Reclass of long term to short term

   contingent liabilities

 

 

180

 

 

 

(180

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Write off of the contingent put

   option

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,140

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,140

 

Exercise of warrant options

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(56,287

)

 

 

 

 

 

(56,287

)

Foreign currency translation of

   contingent consideration payment

 

 

(208

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(208

)

Balance—at December 31, 2020

 

$

49,902

 

 

$

4,565

 

 

$

20,886

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

75,353

 

 

 

Quantitative Information about Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3):

Business Acquisitions Contingent Consideration—The fair value of the contingent consideration payable associated with the acquisition of CTEH was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation of earnings in a risk-neutral Geometric Brownian Motion framework. The fair values of the contingent consideration payables for all other acquisitions were calculated based on expected target achievement amounts, which are measured quarterly and then subsequently adjusted to actuals at the target measurement date.

The method used to price these liabilities is considered level 3 due to the subjective nature of the unobservable inputs used to determine the fair value. The input is the expected achievement of earnout thresholds.

Conversion Option—The fair value of the embedded derivative associated with the issuance of the Convertible and Redeemable Series A-2 Preferred Stock (Note 17) was estimated using a “with-and-without” method. The “with-and-without” methodology considers the value of the security on an as-is basis and then without the embedded conversion premium. The difference between the two scenarios is the implied fair value of the embedded derivative. The unobservable input is the required rate of return on the Series A-2. The considerable quantifiable inputs in the valuation relate to the timing of conversions or redemptions.

Contingent Put Option—The fair value of the contingent put option associated with the issuance of the Redeemable Series A-1 Preferred Stock was estimated using a “with-and-without” method. The “with-and-without” methodology considers the value of the security on an as-is basis and then without the embedded contingent put option. The difference between the two scenarios is the implied fair value of the embedded derivative, recorded as the contingent put option liability. In this case the Series A-1 was redeemed on the date of value so the value of the “with” scenario is known. The unobservable input is the required rate of return on the Series A-1 through to maturity in the “without” scenario. The contingent put option was redeemed in July 2020 (Note 16).

Warrant Options—The warrant options were exercised on July 30, 2020 (Note 12). As of December 31, 2019, the fair value of the warrant options associated with the issuance of the Redeemable Series A-1 Preferred Stock and the Convertible and Redeemable Series A-2 Preferred Stock was calculated based on the Black-Sholes pricing model using the following assumptions:

 

Series A-1 Preferred Stock Warrant Option

 

July 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Common stock value (per share)

 

$

22.22

 

 

$

31.60

 

Expected volatility

 

 

44.35

%

 

 

47.51

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

0.55

%

 

 

1.92

%

Expected life (years)

 

 

10

 

 

 

10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Series A-2 Preferred Stock Warrant Option

 

July 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Common stock value (per share)

 

$

22.22

 

 

n/a

 

Expected volatility

 

 

44.35

%

 

n/a

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

0.55

%

 

n/a

 

Expected life (years)

 

 

10

 

 

n/a

 

 

Subordinated Debt Embedded DerivativeThe fair value of the embedded derivative associated with the automatic conversion feature of the Company’s subordinated debt repaid in October 2018 was estimated using a probability weighted expected return method based on the expected proceeds from conversion through an IPO scenario less the value of the debt itself. The unobservable inputs were based on probabilities that the debt would convert upon an IPO at various dates. The considerable quantifiable inputs in the embedded derivative were: (i) the future value of the conversion feature, (ii) the fair value of the debt, (iii) the present value of the total instrument, as well as the present value of the conversion feature plus the fair value of the debt, and (iv) the risk free and discount rate.

 

The method used to price these liabilities is considered Level 3 due to the subjective nature of the unobservable inputs (common stock value and expected volatility) used to determine the fair value.