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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Business Overview
Community Healthcare Trust Incorporated (the ‘‘Company’’, ‘‘we’’, ‘‘our’’) was organized in the State of Maryland on March 28, 2014. The Company is a fully-integrated healthcare real estate company that owns and acquires real estate properties that are leased to hospitals, doctors, healthcare systems or other healthcare service providers in our target submarkets. As of September 30, 2019, the Company had investments of approximately $566.3 million in 111 real estate properties, located in 32 states, totaling approximately 2.5 million square feet in the aggregate.

Basis of Presentation
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. They do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements.

This interim financial information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Management believes that all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. This interim financial information does not necessarily represent or indicate what the operating results will be for the year ending December 31, 2019. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may materially differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications
Tenant reimbursements totaling $1.7 million and $4.7 million, respectively, on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 were reclassified into rental income.

Income Taxes
The Company has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT"), as defined under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). The Company and one subsidiary have also elected for that subsidiary to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary ("TRS"), which is subject to federal and state income taxes. No provision has been made for federal income taxes for the REIT; however, the Company has recorded income tax expense or benefit for the TRS to the extent applicable. The Company intends at all times to qualify as a REIT under the Code. The Company must distribute at least 90% per annum of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders (which is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP) and meet other requirements to continue to qualify as a REIT.

New Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
Lease Accounting
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-02, Leases; in January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, Leases - Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; in July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases and ASU 2018-11, Leases - Targeted Improvements; and in December 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-20, Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors. The Company adopted this group of ASUs, collectively referred to as Topic 842, on January 1, 2019. Topic 842 superseded the existing standard for lease accounting (Topic 840, Leases).

The Company elected to utilize the following practical expedients provided by Topic 842:

• the package of practical expedients that allows an entity not to reassess upon adoption (i) whether an expired or existing contract contains a lease, (ii) whether a lease classification related to expired or existing lease arrangements, and (iii) whether costs incurred on expired or existing leases qualify as initial direct costs, and

• as a lessor, the practical expedient not to separate certain non-lease components, such as common area maintenance, from the lease component if (i) the timing and pattern of transfer are the same for the nonlease component and associated lease component, and (ii) the lease component would be classified as an operating lease if accounted for separately.

Topic 842 requires lessees to record most leases on their balance sheet through a right-of-use ("ROU") model, in which a lessee records a ROU asset and a lease liability on their balance sheet. Leases with terms that are 12 months or less or leases that are clearly insignificant have not been accounted for under the ROU model. Lessees will account for leases as financing or operating leases, with the classification affecting the timing and pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. Lease expense will be recognized based on the effective interest method for leases accounted for as finance leases and on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease for leases accounted for as operating leases.

The accounting by a lessor under Topic 842 is largely unchanged from that of Topic 840. Under Topic 842, lessors will continue to account for leases as a sales-type, direct-financing, or operating. A lease will be treated as a sale if it is considered to transfer control of the underlying asset to the lessee. A lease will be classified as direct-financing if risks and rewards are conveyed without the transfer of control. Otherwise, the lease is treated as an operating lease. Topic 842 requires accounting for a transaction as a financing in a sale leaseback when the seller-lessee is provided an option to purchase the property from the landlord at the tenant's option. The Company expects that this provision could change the accounting for these types of leases in the future. Topic 842 also includes the concept of separating lease and nonlease components. Under Topic 842, nonlease components, such as common area maintenance, would be accounted for under Topic 606 and separated from the lease payments. However, the Company elected the lessor practical expedient allowing the Company to not separate these components when certain conditions are met. With this election, the Company combined tenant reimbursements with rental income on its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Additionally, we will recognize a charge to rental income for amounts deemed uncollectible. Further, the Company has historically only capitalized direct leasing costs, such as leasing commissions. While the new standard revises the treatment of indirect leasing costs and permits the capitalization and amortization only of direct leasing costs, the Company does not expect an impact to its financial statements related to the capitalization of leasing costs. Also, the Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors under ASU 2018-20 allows the Company to continue to exclude from revenue costs paid by our tenants on our behalf directly to third parties, such as property taxes and insurance.

Topic 842 provided two transition alternatives. The Company adopted the standard based on the prospective optional transition method, in which leases for comparative periods continue to be accounted for in accordance with Topic 840.

Upon adoption, where the Company is the lessee, we recorded a ROU asset and a related operating lease liability, each totaling approximately $0.1 million, related to one ground lease which will have minimal impact on the recognition of future ground lease expense. The ROU lease asset is included in other assets and the operating lease liability is included in other liabilities on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Derivatives and Hedge Accounting
In October 2018, the FASB issued an update, ASU 2018-16, Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes to ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging. ASU 2018-16 expands the list of U.S. benchmark interest rates permitted in the application of hedge accounting by adding the OIS rate based on SOFR as an eligible benchmark interest rate. ASU 2018-16 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. We adopted this update effective January 1, 2019. The adoption of this update did not have an impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Financial Instruments-Credit Losses
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For trade and other receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities, loans and other instruments, companies will be required to use a new current expected credit loss ("CECL") model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, companies will measure credit losses in a manner similar to what they do today, except that the losses will be recognized as allowances rather than as reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. Companies will have to disclose significantly more information, including information they use to track credit quality by year of origination for most financing receivables. Companies will apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. This standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2020 with early adoption permitted. In August 2018, the FASB issued a proposal that would amend the ASU to clarify that receivables arising from leases would not be within the scope of the ASU but rather would be accounted for under the leasing standard. The Company continues to monitor the FASB's activity relating to this ASU and the effects that it could have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.