0001493152-20-023884.txt : 20201218 0001493152-20-023884.hdr.sgml : 20201218 20201218092907 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001493152-20-023884 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 8-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 6 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20201218 ITEM INFORMATION: Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement ITEM INFORMATION: Other Events ITEM INFORMATION: Financial Statements and Exhibits FILED AS OF DATE: 20201218 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20201218 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: PAVmed Inc. CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001624326 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SURGICAL & MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS & APPARATUS [3841] IRS NUMBER: 471214177 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 8-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-37685 FILM NUMBER: 201398156 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: ONE GRAND CENTRAL PLACE STREET 2: SUITE 4600 CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10165 BUSINESS PHONE: 212-949-4319 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: ONE GRAND CENTRAL PLACE STREET 2: SUITE 4600 CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10165 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: PAXmed Inc. DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20141105 8-K 1 form8-k.htm

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

 

 

 

FORM 8-K

 

CURRENT REPORT

PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): December 18, 2020

 

PAVMED INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

Delaware   001-37685   47-1214177

(State or Other Jurisdiction

 

(Commission

 

(IRS Employer

of Incorporation)   File Number)   Identification No.)

 

One Grand Central Place, Suite 4600, New York, New York   10165
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 949-4319

 

N/A
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

 

[  ] Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425).
   
[  ] Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12).
   
[  ] Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)).
   
[  ] Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)).

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class   Trading Symbol(s)   Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, Par Value $0.001 Per Share   PAVM   The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Series Z Warrants to Purchase Common Stock   PAVMZ   The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Series W Warrants to Purchase Common Stock   PAVMW   The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

 

Emerging growth company [X]

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [  ]

 

 

 

 
 

 

Item 1.01.

Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.

 

On December 18, 2020, PAVmed Inc. (the “Company”) entered into a placement agency agreement (the “Placement Agency Agreement”) with Maxim Group LLC and Lake Street Capital Markets LLC (the “Placement Agents”). Under the Placement Agency Agreement, the Placement Agents agreed to act as the placement agents, on a reasonable best efforts basis, for a proposed offering by the Company of shares of its common stock (the “Offering”). As compensation for such services, the Company agreed to pay the Placement Agents a fee of 7% of the aggregate gross proceeds from the sale of such shares, and to reimburse the Placement Agent for its out-of-pocket accountable expenses, up to a maximum of $15,000. The Placement Agency Agreement is subject to customary closing conditions. In addition, the Company agreed to indemnify the Placement Agents against certain liabilities, including for certain liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

On the same date, in connection with the Offering, the Company entered into subscription agreements (the “Subscription Agreements”) with the purchasers in the Offering (the “Investors”). Under the Subscription Agreements, the Investors agreed to purchase, and the Company agreed to sell, an aggregate of 5,062,500 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, at a purchase price of $1.60 per Share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $8,100,000. The Subscription Agreements contain customary representations and warranties and covenants of the Company. In addition, the Company agreed to indemnify each Investor against certain liabilities, including for certain liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

The Company estimates that the net proceeds of the Offering, after deducting the Placement Agents’ fees and the other estimated expenses of the Offering, will be approximately $7,433,000 million. The Offering is expected to close on or about December 22, 2020, subject to customary closing conditions.

 

The Offering was made pursuant to the Company’s existing shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-248709), which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on September 10, 2020 and declared effective by the SEC on September 17, 2020, and is described in more detail in a prospectus supplement (to be dated December 18, 2020) and accompanying base prospectus (dated September 17, 2020) to be filed with the SEC.

 

The Placement Agency Agreement and form of the Subscription Agreement are attached hereto as Exhibits 1.1 and 10.1, respectively, and are incorporated herein by reference. A copy of the opinion of Graubard Miller relating to the legality of the issuance and sale of the securities in the Offering is attached hereto as Exhibit 5.1. The foregoing description of the Offering by the Company and the documentation related thereto does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to such exhibits.

 

The Placement Agency Agreement and the form of Subscription Agreement have been included to provide investors and security holders with information regarding their terms. The agreements are not intended to provide any other factual information about the Company. The representations, warranties and covenants contained in the Placement Agency Agreement and the Subscription Agreements were made only for purposes of such agreements and as of specific dates, were solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreements, may in some cases be made solely for the allocation of risk between the parties and may be subject to limitations agreed upon by the contracting parties.

 

1
 

 

Item 8.01. Other Events.

 

On December 18, 2020, the Company issued a press release announcing that it had signed the Subscription Agreements. The press release is attached to this Current Report as Exhibit 99.1.

 

Item 9.01. Financial Statement and Exhibits.

 

(d) Exhibits:

 

Exhibit   Description
1.1   Placement Agency Agreement.
     
5.1   Opinion of Graubard Miller.
     
10.1   Form of Subscription Agreement.
     
23.1   Consent of Graubard Miller (included as part of Exhibit 5.1)
     
99.1   Press release.

 

2
 

 

SIGNATURE

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

Dated: December 18, 2020 PAVMED INC.
     
  By: /s/ Dennis M. McGrath
    Dennis M. McGrath
    President and Chief Financial Officer

 

3

 

 

EX-1.1 2 ex1-1.htm

 

Exhibit 1.1

 

December 18, 2020

 

Lishan Aklog, M.D.

Chairman & Chief Executive Officer

PAVmed Inc.

One Grand Central Place, Suite 4600

New York, NY 10165

 

Dear Dr. Aklog:

 

This letter (the “Agreement”) constitutes the agreement between Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”) Lake Street Capital Markets LLC (“Lake Street”, and together with Maxim, the “Placement Agents”) and PAVmed Inc. (the “Company”), pursuant to which Maxim shall serve as the lead exclusive placement agent and Lake Street shall serve as co-placement agent for the Company, on a “reasonable best efforts” basis, in connection with the proposed placement (the “Placement”) of registered shares (the “Shares” or the “Securities”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”). The terms of the Placement and the Securities shall be mutually agreed upon by the Company and the purchasers (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”) and nothing herein constitutes that the Placement Agents would have the power or authority to bind the Company or any Purchaser or an obligation for the Company to issue any Securities or complete the Placement. This Agreement and the documents executed and delivered by the Company and the Purchasers in connection with the Placement shall be collectively referred to herein as the “Transaction Documents.” The date of the closing of the Placement shall be referred to herein as the “Closing Date.” The Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agents’ obligations hereunder are on a reasonable best efforts basis only and that the execution of this Agreement does not constitute a commitment by the Placement Agents to purchase the Securities and does not ensure the successful placement of the Securities or any portion thereof or the success of the Placement Agents with respect to securing any other financing on behalf of the Company. The Placement Agents may retain other brokers or dealers to act as sub-agents or selected-dealers on its behalf in connection with the Placement.

 

SECTION 1. COMPENSATION.

 

The Company will pay the Placement Agents a cash fee equal to 7% of the gross proceeds received by the Company from the sale of the Securities at the closing of the Placement (the “Closing”), which shall be deemed to include all investors for which the Placement Agents provide executed Transaction Documents to the Company; provided that no fee shall be payable on Company-sourced investors. Prior to the Closing, the Company will provide the Placement Agents with a list of all investors to be deemed Company-sourced investors. The Company also agrees to reimburse the Placement Agents’ out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the Placement, up to a maximum of $15,000, payable to Maxim (for allocation between the Placement Agents as mutually agreed between Maxim and Lake Street) immediately upon the Closing. The fees set forth in this Section 1 shall be allocated 90% to Maxim and 10% to Lake Street.

 

 

 

 

SECTION 2. REGISTRATION STATEMENT.

 

The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the Placement Agents that:

 

(A) The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration File No. 333-248709) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), which became effective on September 17, 2020, for the registration under the Securities Act of the Securities. At the time of such filing, the Company met the requirements of Form S-3 under the Securities Act. Such registration statement meets the requirements set forth in Rule 415(a)(1)(x) under the Securities Act and complies with said Rule. The Company will file with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, and the rules and regulations (the “Rules and Regulations”) of the Commission promulgated thereunder, a supplement to the form of prospectus included in such registration statement relating to the placement of the Securities and the plan of distribution thereof. Such registration statement, including the exhibits thereto, as amended at the date of this Agreement, is hereinafter called the “Registration Statement”; such prospectus in the form in which it appears in the Registration Statement is hereinafter called the “Base Prospectus”; and the supplemented form of prospectus, in the form in which it will be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) (including the Base Prospectus as so supplemented) is hereinafter called the “Prospectus Supplement.” Any reference in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein (the “Incorporated Documents”) pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 which were filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), on or before the date of this Agreement, or the issue date of the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be; and any reference in this Agreement to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act after the date of this Agreement, or the issue date of the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be, deemed to be incorporated therein by reference. All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information which is “contained,” “included,” “described,” “referenced,” “set forth” or “stated” in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information which is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the use of the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement has been issued, and no proceeding for any such purpose is pending or has been initiated or, to the Company’s knowledge, is threatened by the Commission. For purposes of this Agreement, “free writing prospectus” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act and the “Time of Sale Prospectus” means the Base Prospectus, or the preliminary prospectus, if any, together with the free writing prospectuses, if any, used in connection with the Placement, including any documents incorporated by reference therein.

 

 

 

 

(B) The Registration Statement (and any further documents to be filed with the Commission) contains all exhibits and schedules as required by the Securities Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became effective, complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations and did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, if any, and the Prospectus Supplement, each as of its respective date, comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations. Each of the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, if any, and the Prospectus Supplement, as amended or supplemented, did not and will not contain as of the date thereof any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the Commission, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations, and none of such documents, when they were filed with the Commission, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein (with respect to Incorporated Documents incorporated by reference in the Base Prospectus or Prospectus Supplement), in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference in the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, if any, or Prospectus Supplement, when such documents are filed with the Commission, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations, as applicable, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. No post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement reflecting any facts or events arising after the date thereof which represent, individually or in the aggregate, a fundamental change in the information set forth therein is required to be filed with the Commission. There are no documents required to be filed with the Commission in connection with the transaction contemplated hereby that (x) have not been filed as required pursuant to the Securities Act or (y) will not be filed within the requisite time period. There are no contracts or other documents required to be described in the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, if any, or Prospectus Supplement, or to be filed as exhibits or schedules to the Registration Statement, which have not been described or filed as required.

 

(C) The Company is eligible to use free writing prospectuses in connection with the Placement pursuant to Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities Act. Any free writing prospectus that the Company is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act has been, or will be, filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. Each free writing prospectus that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act or that was prepared by or behalf of or used by the Company complies or will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. The Company will not, without the prior consent of the Placement Agents, prepare, use or refer to, any free writing prospectus.

 

 

 

 

(D) The Company has delivered, or will as promptly as practicable deliver, to the Placement Agents complete conformed copies of the Registration Statement and of each consent and certificate of experts, as applicable, filed as a part thereof, and conformed copies of the Registration Statement (without exhibits), the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, if any, and the Prospectus Supplement, as amended or supplemented, in such quantities and at such places as the Placement Agents reasonably request. The Placement Agents acknowledge that all such materials as exist on the date of this letter are available on EDGAR. Neither the Company nor any of its directors and officers has distributed and none of them will distribute, prior to the Closing Date, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares pursuant to the Placement other than the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, if any, the Prospectus Supplement, the Registration Statement, copies of the documents incorporated by reference therein and any other materials permitted by the Securities Act.

 

SECTION 3. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE.

 

(A) Each of the representations and warranties (together with any related disclosure schedules thereto) made to the Purchasers in that certain Subscription Agreement dated as of December 18, 2020, between the Company and each Purchaser, is hereby incorporated herein by reference (as though fully restated herein) and is hereby made to, and in favor of, the Placement Agents.

 

(B) The Company represents and warrants to the Placement Agents that the entry into this Agreement or the Transaction Documents or any other action of the Company in connection with the proposed Placement will not violate any agreement between the Company and any other broker-dealer, underwriter, placement agent, finder or financial advisor.

 

SECTION 4. REPRESENTATIONS OF PLACEMENT AGENTS. Each of the Placement Agents represents and warrants that it is (i) a member in good standing of FINRA, (ii) registered as a broker/dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), and (iii) licensed as a broker/dealer under the laws of the States applicable to the offers and sales of Securities by the Placement Agents. The Placement Agents will immediately notify the Company in writing of any change in its status as such. The Placement Agents covenant that they will conduct the Transaction hereunder in compliance with the provisions of this Agreement and the requirements of applicable law. Except as required by law or as contemplated by this agreement, the Placement Agents will keep confidential all material nonpublic information, including information regarding the Transaction contemplated hereunder, provided to it by the Company or its affiliates or advisors and use such information only for the purposes contemplated herein.

 

SECTION 5. INDEMNIFICATION. The Company agrees to the indemnification and other agreements set forth in the Indemnification Provisions (the “Indemnification”) attached hereto as Addendum A, the provisions of which are incorporated herein by reference and shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement.

 

SECTION 6. ENGAGEMENT TERM. The Placement Agents’ engagement hereunder will be until the earlier of (i) 30 days following the date hereof and (ii) the completion of the Placement. The engagement may be terminated by either the Company or the Placement Agents at any time upon 3 days’ written notice. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the provisions concerning the Company’s obligation to pay any fees actually earned at or prior to the termination or expiration of the engagement, and to reimburse expenses actually incurred at or prior to the termination or expiration of the engagement and reimbursable pursuant to Section 1 hereof (and subject to the limit on reimbursement set forth therein) and which are permitted to be reimbursed under FINRA Rule 5110(g)(5)(A), and the confidentiality, indemnification, contribution provisions contained herein and the Company’s obligations contained in the Indemnification Provisions will survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement. The Placement Agents agree not to disclose or use any confidential information concerning the Company provided to it by the Company for any purposes other than those contemplated under this Agreement.

 

 

 

 

SECTION 7. PLACEMENT AGENT INFORMATION. The Company agrees that any information or advice rendered by the Placement Agents in connection with this engagement is for the confidential use of the Company only in their evaluation of the Placement and, except as otherwise required by law, the Company will not disclose or otherwise refer to the advice or information in any manner without the Placement Agents’ prior written consent.

 

SECTION 8. NO FIDUCIARY RELATIONSHIP. This Agreement does not create, and shall not be construed as creating rights enforceable by any person or entity not a party hereto, except those entitled hereto by virtue of the Indemnification Provisions hereof. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agents are not and shall not be construed as a fiduciary of the Company and shall have no duties or liabilities to the equity holders or the creditors of the Company or any other person by virtue of this Agreement or the retention of the Placement Agents hereunder, all of which are hereby expressly waived.

 

SECTION 9. CLOSING. The obligations of the Placement Agents, and the closing of the sale of the Securities hereunder are subject to the accuracy in all material respects, when made and on the Closing Date, of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company and its Subsidiaries contained herein, to the accuracy in all material respects of the statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries made in any certificates pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company and its Subsidiaries of their obligations hereunder, and to each of the following additional terms and conditions:

 

(A) No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission, and any request for additional information on the part of the Commission (to be included in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement or otherwise) shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of the Placement Agents.

 

(B) The Placement Agents shall not have discovered and disclosed to the Company on or prior to the Closing Date that the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement or any amendment or supplement thereto contains an untrue statement of a fact which, in the opinion of counsel for the Placement Agents, is material or omits to state any fact which, in the opinion of such counsel, is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading.

 

(C) All corporate proceedings and other legal matters incident to the authorization, form, execution, delivery and validity of each of this Agreement, the Securities, the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement and all other legal matters relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be reasonably satisfactory in all material respects to counsel for the Placement Agents, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel all documents and information that they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters.

 

 

 

 

(D) The Placement Agents shall have received from outside counsel to the Company such counsel’s written opinion, addressed to the Placement Agents and the Purchasers dated as of the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agents, which opinion shall include a “10b-5” negative assurance from such counsel.

 

(E) (i) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall have sustained since the date of the latest audited or unaudited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Base Prospectus, any loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood, terrorist act or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth in or contemplated by the Base Prospectus and (ii) since such date there shall not have been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the business, general affairs, management, financial position, stockholders’ equity, results of operations or prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries, otherwise than as set forth in or contemplated by the Base Prospectus, the effect of which, in any such case described in clause (i) or (ii), is, in the judgment of the Placement Agents, so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the sale or delivery of the Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated by the Base Prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, if any, and the Prospectus Supplement.

 

(F) The Common Stock is registered under the Exchange Act. The Company shall have taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act, nor has the Company received any information suggesting that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration.

 

(G) Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any of the following: (i) trading in securities generally on the New York Stock Exchange or the Nasdaq Stock Market shall have been suspended or minimum or maximum prices or maximum ranges for prices shall have been established on any such exchange or such market by the Commission, by such exchange or by any other regulatory body or governmental authority having jurisdiction, (ii) a banking moratorium shall have been declared by federal or state authorities or a material disruption has occurred in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance services in the United States, (iii) the United States shall have become engaged in hostilities in which it is not currently engaged, the subject of an act of terrorism, there shall have been an escalation in hostilities involving the United States, or there shall have been a declaration of a national emergency or war by the United States, or (iv) there shall have occurred any other calamity or crisis or any change in general economic, political or financial conditions in the United States or elsewhere, if the effect of any such event in clause (iii) or (iv) makes it, in the sole judgment of the Placement Agents, impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the sale or delivery of the Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated by the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement.

 

 

 

 

(H) No action shall have been taken and no statute, rule, regulation or order shall have been enacted, adopted or issued by any governmental agency or body which would, as of the Closing Date, prevent the issuance or sale of the Securities or materially and adversely affect or potentially and adversely affect the business or operations of the Company; and no injunction, restraining order or order of any other nature by any federal or state court of competent jurisdiction shall have been issued as of the Closing Date which would prevent the issuance or sale of the Securities or materially and adversely affect or potentially and adversely affect the business or operations of the Company.

 

(I) The Company shall have prepared and filed with the Commission a Current Report on Form 8-K with respect to the Placement, including as an exhibit thereto this Agreement.

 

(J) The Company shall have entered into subscription agreements with each of the Purchasers and such agreements shall be in full force and effect and shall contain representations, warranties and covenants of the Company as agreed between the Company and the Purchasers.

 

(K) FINRA shall have raised no objection to the fairness and reasonableness of the terms and arrangements of this Agreement. In addition, the Company shall, if requested by the Placement Agents, make or authorize Placement Agents’ counsel to make on the Company’s behalf, an Issuer Filing with FINRA pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110 with respect to the Registration Statement and pay all filing fees required in connection therewith.

 

(L) Prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall have furnished to the Placement Agents such further information, certificates and documents as the Placement Agents may reasonably request, including a certificate of the Chief Financial Officer with respect to certain financial information set forth in the Company’s public reports.

 

(M) Prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall have furnished to the Placement Agents a certificate, dated the Closing Date, of its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer stating that (i) such officers have carefully examined the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement and, in their opinion, Registration Statement, as of its effective date, did not include any untrue statement of a material fact and did not omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as of the time of execution of this Agreement through the Closing Date, did not include any untrue statement of a material fact and did not omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading, (ii) no event has occurred which should have been set forth in a supplement or amendment to the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, and (iii) to their knowledge after reasonable investigation, as of the Closing Date, the representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct in all material respects, and the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to the Closing Date.

 

(N) As of the Closing Date, the Placement Agents shall have received a certificate of the Company signed by the Secretary of the Company, dated the Closing Date, certifying: (i) that each of the Company’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws is true and complete, has not been modified and is in full force and effect; (ii) that the resolutions of the Company’s Board of Directors relating to the Placement are in full force and effect and have not been modified; and (iii) the good standing of the Company and its material subsidiaries. The documents referred to in such certificate shall be attached to such certificate.

 

 

 

 

All opinions, letters, evidence and certificates mentioned above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall be deemed to be in compliance with the provisions hereof only if they are in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Placement Agents.

 

SECTION 10. RESERVED.

 

 

SECTION 11. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed entirely in such State. This Agreement may not be assigned by either party without the prior written consent of the other party. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Any right to trial by jury with respect to any dispute arising under this Agreement or any transaction or conduct in connection herewith is waived. Each of the Placement Agents and the Company: (i) agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and/or the transactions contemplated hereby shall be instituted exclusively in New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, (ii) waives any objection which it may have or hereafter to the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding, and (iii) irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, and the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in any such suit, action or proceeding. Each of the Placement Agents and the Company further agrees to accept and acknowledge service of any and all process which may be served in any such suit, action or proceeding in the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and agrees that service of process upon the Company mailed by certified mail to the Company’s address shall be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon the Company, in any such suit, action or proceeding, and service of process upon the Placement Agents mailed by certified mail to the Placement Agents’ address shall be deemed in every respect effective service process upon the Placement Agents, in any such suit, action or proceeding. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. If either party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any provisions of a Transaction Document, then the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.

 

SECTION 12. ENTIRE AGREEMENT/MISC. This Agreement (including the attached Indemnification Provisions) embodies the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, relating to the subject matter hereof. If any provision of this Agreement is determined to be invalid or unenforceable in any respect, such determination will not affect such provision in any other respect or any other provision of this Agreement, which will remain in full force and effect. This Agreement may not be amended or otherwise modified or waived except by an instrument in writing signed by the Placement Agents and the Company. The representations, warranties, agreements and covenants contained herein shall survive the closing of the Placement and delivery and/or exercise of the Securities, as applicable. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party, it being understood that both parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or a .pdf format file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or .pdf signature page were an original thereof. The Company agrees that the Placement Agents may rely upon, and is a third party beneficiary of, the representations and warranties, and applicable covenants set forth in any such purchase, subscription or other agreement with the Purchasers in the Placement.

 

 

 

 

SECTION 13. CONFIDENTIALITY. The Placement Agents (i) will keep the Confidential Information (as such term is defined below) confidential and will not (except as required by applicable law, stock exchange or self-regulatory agency requirement, regulation or legal process), without the Company’s prior written consent, disclose to any person any Confidential Information, and (ii) will not use any Confidential Information other than in connection with its evaluation of the Transaction. The Placement Agents further agree to disclose the Confidential Information only to its Representatives who need to know the Confidential Information for the purpose of evaluating the Transaction, and who are informed by the Placement Agents of the confidential nature of the Confidential Information and who agree to confidentiality provisions substantially similar to those contained herein. The term “Confidential Information” shall mean, all confidential, proprietary and non-public information (whether written, oral or electronic communications) furnished by the Company to the Placement Agents or its Representatives in connection with the Placement Agents’ evaluation of the Transaction, which information is (a) clearly marked as “confidential” or with a similar designation, or (b) if disclosed orally or otherwise than in writing, is identified as confidential and/or proprietary at the time of disclosure by the Company. Information communicated orally or otherwise than in writing, shall only be considered Confidential Information if such information is designated as being confidential at the time of disclosure (or promptly thereafter). The term “Confidential Information” will not, however, include information which (i) is or becomes publicly available other than as a result of a disclosure by the Placement Agents or its Representatives in violation of this Agreement, (ii) is or becomes available to the Placement Agents or any of its Representatives on a nonconfidential basis from a third-party, (iii) is known to the Placement Agents or any of its Representatives prior to disclosure by the Company or any of its Representatives, or (iv) is or has been independently developed by the Placement Agents and/or the Representatives without use of any Confidential Information furnished to it by the Company. If a Placement Agent or any of its Representatives are compelled to disclose any Confidential Information by judicial or administrative process or by other requirements of law or self-regulatory agency regulation, the Placement Agent shall promptly notify the Company in writing and shall disclose only that portion of the Confidential Information which the Placement Agent is advised by its counsel in writing is legally required to be disclosed, provided that the Placement Agent and/or its Representative shall use reasonable best efforts to obtain an appropriate protective order or other reasonable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded to the Confidential Information. The term “Representatives” shall mean a party’s directors, board committees, officers, employees, financial advisors, attorneys and accountants. This provision shall be in full force and effect for two years.

 

SECTION 14. NOTICES. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number specified on the signature pages attached hereto prior to 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a business day, (b) the next business day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a business day or later than 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any business day, (c) the business day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages hereto.

 

[The remainder of this page has been intentionally left blank.]

 

 

 

 

 

Please confirm that the foregoing correctly sets forth our agreement by signing and returning to the Placement Agents the enclosed copy of this Agreement.

 

  Very truly yours,
   
  Maxim GROUP LLC
   
  By: /s/ Clifford A. Teller
  Name: Clifford A. Teller
  Title: Executive Managing Director – Investment Banking
     
  Address for notice:
  405 Lexington Avenue
  New York, NY 10174
  Attention: General Counsel

 

  Lake Street Capital Markets LLC
   
  By: /s/ Mike Townley
  Name: Mike Townley
  Title: Head of Investment Banking
     
  Address for notice:
  920 Second Avenue South
  Suite 700
  Minneapolis, MN 55402
  Attention: General Counsel

 

Accepted and Agreed to as of

the date first written above:

 

PAVmed Inc.  
   
By: /s/ Dennis M. McGrath  
Name: Dennis M. McGrath  
Title: President and Chief Financial Officer  

 

Address for notice:

One Grand Central Place, Suite 4600

New York, New York 10165

Attn: President

 

 

 

 

ADDENDUM A

 

INDEMNIFICATION PROVISIONS

 

In connection with the engagement of Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”) and Lake Street Capital Markets LLC (“Lake Street”, and together with Maxim, the “Placement Agents”) by PAVmed Inc. (the “Company”) pursuant to a letter agreement dated December 18, 2020, between the Company and the Placement Agents, as it may be amended from time to time in writing (the “Agreement”), the Company hereby agrees as follows:

 

1. The Company hereby agrees to indemnify and hold the Placement Agents, and each of them, and their respective officers, directors, principals, employees, affiliates, and stockholders, and their successors and assigns, harmless from and against any and all loss, claim, damage, liability, deficiencies, actions, suits, proceedings, costs and legal expenses or expense whatsoever (including, but not limited to, reasonable legal fees and other expenses and reasonable disbursements incurred in connection with investigating, preparing to defend or defending any action, suit or proceeding, including any inquiry or investigation, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever, or in appearing or preparing for appearance as witness in any proceeding, including any pretrial proceeding such as a deposition) (collectively the “Losses”) with respect a claim made by a third party arising out of, based upon, or in any way related or attributed to (i) the entry by the Placement Agents into this Agreement, (ii) any breach of a representation, warranty or covenant by the Company contained in this Agreement; (iii) any misstatement or omission to state a material fact necessary to make disclosure not misleading in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, or the Prospectus Supplement (as from time to time each may be amended and supplemented); (iv) any claims arising from or relating to the materials or information provided to investors by, or with the approval of, the Company in connection with the marketing of the Placement, including any “road show” or investor presentations made to investors by the Company (whether in person or electronically); or (v) any activities or services performed hereunder by the Placement Agents, unless it is finally judicially determined in a court of competent jurisdiction that such Losses were the primary and direct result of the intentional misconduct or gross negligence of the Placement Agents in performing the services hereunder or information provided by the Placement Agents expressly for inclusion in the Prospectus Supplement.
   
2. If the Placement Agents receive written notice of the commencement of any legal action, suit or proceeding with respect to which the Company is or may be obligated to provide indemnification pursuant to this Section (B), the Placement Agents shall, within ten (10) days of the receipt of such written notice, give the Company written notice thereof (a “Claim Notice”). Failure to give such Claim Notice within such ten (10) day period shall not constitute a waiver by the Placement Agents of their right to indemnity hereunder with respect to such action, suit or proceeding; provided, however, the indemnification hereunder may be limited by any such failure to provide a Claim Notice to the Company that materially prejudices the Company. Upon receipt by the Company of a Claim Notice from the Placement Agents with respect to any claim for indemnification which is based upon a claim made by a third party (“Third Party Claim”), the Company may assume the defense of the Third Party Claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agents, as described below. The Placement Agents shall cooperate in the defense of the Third Party Claim and shall furnish such records, information and testimony and attend all such conferences, discovery proceedings, hearings, trial and appeals as may be reasonably required in connection therewith. Each of the Placement Agents shall have the right to employ its own counsel in any such action which shall be at the Company’s expense if (i) the Company and the Placement Agents shall have mutually agreed in writing to the retention of such counsel, (ii) the Company shall have failed in a timely manner to assume the defense and employ counsel or experts reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agents in such litigation or proceeding or (iii) the named parties to any such litigation or proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include the Company and the Placement Agents and representation of the Company and the Placement Agents by the same counsel or experts would, in the reasonable opinion of the Placement Agents, be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between the Company and the Placement Agents. The Company shall not satisfy or settle any Third Party Claim for which indemnification has been sought and is available hereunder, without the prior written consent of the Placement Agents, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, and which shall not be required if the Placement Agents are granted an unconditional release in connection therewith in such form as reasonably acceptable to the Placement Agents, and if such release does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of the Placement Agents, or their officers, directors, principals, employees, affiliates, and stockholders. The indemnification provisions hereunder shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement.

 

 

 

 

3. The Company further agrees, upon demand by the Placement Agents, to promptly advance and/or reimburse the Placement Agents for, or pay, any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense as to which the Placement Agents have been indemnified herein with such reimbursement to be made currently as any loss, damage, liability or expense is incurred by the Placement Agents. Notwithstanding the provisions of the aforementioned Indemnification, any such advancement, reimbursement or payment by the Company of fees, expenses, or disbursements incurred by the Placement Agents shall be repaid by the Placement Agents in the event of any proceeding in which a final judgment (after all appeals or the expiration of time to appeal) is entered in a court of competent jurisdiction against the Placement Agents based primarily and directly upon its gross negligence or intentional misconduct in the performance of its duties hereunder or the information provided by the Placement Agents expressly for inclusion in the Prospectus Supplement, and provided further, that the Company shall not be required to make reimbursement or payment for any settlement effected without the Company’s prior written consent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed).
   
4. If for any reason the foregoing indemnification is unavailable or is insufficient to hold such indemnified party harmless, the Company agrees to contribute the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as to reflect not only the relative benefits received by the Company, as the case may be, on the one hand, and the Placement Agents, on the other hand, but also the relative fault of the Company and the Placement Agents as well as any relevant equitable considerations. In no event shall the Placement Agents contribute in excess of the fees actually received by the Placement Agents pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
   
5. For purposes of this Agreement, each officer, director, stockholder, and employee or affiliate of each of the Placement Agents and each person, if any, who controls the Placement Agents (or any affiliate) within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Section 20 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, shall have the same rights as the Placement Agents with respect to matters of indemnification by the Company hereunder.

 

 
 

 

  Maxim GROUP LLC
   
  By: /s/ Clifford A. Teller
  Name: Clifford A. Teller
  Title: Executive Managing Director – Investment Banking

 

  Lake Street Capital Markets LLC
     
  By: /s/ Mike Townley
  Name: Mike Townley
  Title: Head of Investment Banking

 

Accepted and Agreed to as of

the date first written above:

 

PAVmed Inc.  
   
By: /s/ Dennis M. McGrath  
Name: Dennis M. McGrath  
Title: President and Chief Financial Officer  

 

 

 

EX-5.1 3 ex5-1.htm

 

Exhibit 5.1

 

GRAUBARD MILLER

405 Lexington Avenue

New York, NY 10174

 

December 18, 2020

 

PAVmed Inc.

One Grand Central Place

Suite 4600

New York, NY 10165

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

We have acted as counsel to PAVmed Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the preparation of the Registration Statement on Form S-3, File No 333-248709) (“Registration Statement”), filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), which was declared effective on September 17, 2020, and the prospectus supplement thereto, to be dated December 11, 2020 (“Prospectus Supplement”).

 

The Prospectus Supplement relates to the offer and sale by the Company (the “Offering”) of 5,062,500 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (“Common Stock”), on a “best efforts” basis, pursuant to subscription agreements (the “Subscription Agreements”) to be entered into with each investor in the Offering.

 

This opinion is being furnished in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act.

 

In rendering the opinion set forth below, we have reviewed (a) the Prospectus Supplement, Registration Statement, and the exhibits thereto; (b) the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended; (c) the Company’s Bylaws, as amended; (d) certain records of the Company’s corporate proceedings as reflected in its minute books; and (e) such statutes, records, and other documents as we have deemed relevant.

 

In our examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, and conformity with the originals of all documents submitted to us as copies thereof. In addition, we have made such other examinations of law and fact as we have deemed relevant in order to form a basis for the opinions hereinafter expressed.

 

Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the Shares have been duly authorized and when sold and issued in accordance with the Prospectus Supplement and in accordance with the terms of the Subscription Agreement against payment therefor, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

 

No opinion is expressed herein other than as to the laws of the State of New York, the corporate law of the State of Delaware, and the federal law of the United States of America.

 

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K being filed on the date hereof, and incorporation by reference into the Registration Statement. We also consent to the use of our name as counsel to the Company and to all references made to us in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus Supplement. In giving this consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. This opinion is expressed as of the date hereof and we disclaim any undertaking to advise you of any subsequent changes in the facts stated or assumed herein or of any subsequent changes in applicable law.

 

  Very truly yours,
   
  /s/ GRAUBARD MILLER

 

 
EX-10.1 4 ex10-1.htm

 

Exhibit 10.1

 

Subscription Agreement

 

This subscription agreement (this “Subscription”) is dated as of the date set forth on the signature page hereto, by and between the investor identified on the signature page hereto (the “Investor”) and PAVmed Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), whereby the parties agree as follows:

 

WHEREAS, the Company desires to sell, and the Investor desires to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (“Common Stock”), which currently trades on the Capital Market of The Nasdaq Stock Market (the “Principal Market”).

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements contained herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1. Subscription.

 

(a) Investor agrees to buy and, subject to acceptance as provided below, the Company agrees to sell and issue to Investor, such number of shares (the “Shares”) of Common Stock, free of restrictive legend and stop transfer orders, as are set forth on the signature page hereto, for the aggregate purchase price set forth on the signature page hereto (the “Purchase Price”).

 

(b) The Shares have been registered pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-3, Registration No. 333-248709, which registration statement (the “Registration Statement”) was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 17, 2020, and is effective on the date hereof. A final prospectus supplement (the “Prospectus Supplement”) will be delivered as required by law.

 

(c) The Company may accept this Subscription at any time for all or any portion of the Shares subscribed for by executing a copy hereof as provided and notifying the Investor within a reasonable time thereafter. The Company has the right to reject this subscription for the Common Stock, in whole or in part for any reason and at any time prior to the Closing (as defined below) thereon, notwithstanding prior receipt by the Investor of notice of acceptance of the Investor’s subscription. In the event the Investor’s subscription is rejected, the Investor’s payment will be returned promptly to the Investor without interest or deduction and this Subscription will have no force or effect. The Shares subscribed for herein will not be deemed issued to or owned by the Investor until one copy of this Subscription has been executed by the Investor and countersigned by the Company and the Closing with respect to the Investor’s subscription has occurred.

 

(d) Provided the Purchase Price has been delivered to the Company and the Company has filed the Prospectus Supplement to the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 424(b) with respect to the offer and sale of the Shares, the closing of Investor’s purchase of the Shares pursuant to this Subscription (the “Closing”) shall occur on or prior to the second business day after the date of this Subscription (the date of the Closing, the “Closing Date”); provided that the Closing Date shall occur on or prior to the third business day after the date of this Subscription if this Subscription is executed after 4:30 p.m. Eastern time. Upon the Closing, the Company shall cause the Shares to be delivered to the Investor, which delivery shall be made through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company’s DWAC system in accordance with the instructions set forth on the Investor’s signature page attached hereto under the heading “DWAC Instructions” or otherwise provided in writing by the Investor.

 

 

 

 

2. Sales During Pre-Settlement Period. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if at any time on or after the time of execution of this Agreement by the Company and an applicable Investor, through, and including the time immediately prior to the Closing (the “Pre-Settlement Period”), such Investor sells to any Person all, or any portion, of any shares of Common Stock to be issued hereunder to such Investor at the Closing (collectively, the “Pre-Settlement Shares”), such Investor shall, automatically hereunder (without any additional required actions by such Investor or the Company), be deemed to be unconditionally bound to purchase, and the Company shall be deemed unconditionally bound to sell, such Pre-Settlement Shares to such Investor at the Closing; provided, that the Company shall not be required to deliver any Pre-Settlement Shares to such Investor prior to the Company’s receipt of the purchase price of such Pre-Settlement Shares hereunder; and provided further that the Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that the forgoing shall not constitute a representation or covenant by such Investor as to whether or not during the Pre-Settlement Period such Investor shall sell any shares of Common Stock to any Person and that any such decision to sell any shares of Common Stock by such Investor shall solely be made at the time such Investor elects to effect any such sale, if any.

 

3. Company Representations and Warranties. The Company represents and warrants that:

 

(a) (i) The Company has full corporate power and authority to enter into this Subscription and to perform all of its obligations hereunder; (ii) this Subscription has been duly authorized and executed by and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute a valid and binding agreement of the Company enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally or subject to general principles of equity; and (iii) the execution and delivery of this Subscription and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby do not conflict with or result in a breach of (A) the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, or Bylaws, or (B) any material agreement to which the Company is a party or by which any of its property or assets is bound.

 

(b) The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by it with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pursuant to the reporting requirements of the 1934 Act (all of the foregoing filed prior to the date hereof and all exhibits included therein and financial statements and schedules thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein being hereinafter referred to as the “SEC Documents”). As of their respective dates (except as they have been correctly amended), the SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder applicable to the SEC Documents, and none of the SEC Documents, at the time they were filed with the SEC (except as they may have been properly amended), contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. As of their respective dates (except as they have been properly amended), the financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Documents complied as to form in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied, during the periods involved (except (i) as may be otherwise indicated in such financial statements or the notes thereto or (ii) in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the extent they may exclude footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements) and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company as of the dates thereof and the results of its operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments). Except for routine correspondence, such as comment letters and notices of effectiveness in connection with previously filed registration statements or periodic reports publicly available on EDGAR, to the Company’s knowledge, none of the Company or any of its subsidiaries (the “Subsidiaries”) are presently the subject of any inquiry, investigation or action by the SEC.

 

 

 

 

(c) Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents, (i) no shares of the Company’s capital stock are subject to preemptive rights or any other similar rights or any liens or encumbrances suffered or permitted by the Company, (ii) there are no outstanding debt securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iii) other than pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive plans and employee stock purchase plan, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound to issue additional shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) there are no material agreements or arrangements under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is obligated to register the sale of any of their securities under the 1933 Act, (v) there are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (vi) there are no securities or instruments containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the issuance of the Securities as described in this Subscription, (vii) the Company does not have any “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement, (viii) the Shares when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Subscription will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, and shall be issued free of restrictive legends and stop transfer orders; (ix) all preemptive rights or rights of first refusal held by stockholders of the Company and applicable to the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly satisfied or waived in accordance with the terms of the agreements between the Company and such stockholders conferring such rights; (x) the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors; and (xi) the Company is not subject to any notices or actions from or to the Principal Market other than routine matters incident to listing on the Principal Market and not involving a violation of the rules of the Principal Market.

 

 

 

 

(d) The Registration Statement has been declared effective by the SEC, and no stop order has been issued or is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by the SEC with respect thereto. As of the date hereof, the Company has a dollar amount of securities registered and unsold under the Registration Statement, which is not less than the aggregate Purchase Price of this Subscription and the other similar subscription agreements being signed concurrently herewith. The Company shall keep the Registration Statement effective and available for sales of all Shares to the Buyer through and including the Closing Date. The Registration Statement (including any amendments or supplements thereto and prospectuses or prospectus supplements, including the Prospectus contained therein and the Prospectus Supplement) shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein, or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading.

 

4. Investor Representations, Warranties and Acknowledgments.

 

(a) The Investor represents and warrants that: (i) it has full right, power and authority to enter into this Subscription and to perform all of its obligations hereunder; (ii) this Subscription has been duly authorized and executed by the Investor and , when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute a valid and binding agreement of the Investor enforceable against the Investor in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally or subject to general principles of equity; (iii) the execution and delivery of this Subscription and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby do not conflict with or result in a breach of (A) the Investor’s certificate of incorporation or by-laws (or other governing documents), or (B) any material agreement or any law or regulation to which the Investor is a party or by which any of its property or assets is bound; (iv) it has had full access to the base prospectus included in the Registration Statement and the Company’s periodic reports and other information incorporated by reference therein (the “Prospectus”), and was able to read, review, download and print such materials; (v) in making its investment decision with respect to the Shares, the Investor and its advisors, if any, have relied solely on the Prospectus; (vi) it is knowledgeable, sophisticated and experienced in making, and is qualified to make, decisions with respect to investments in securities representing an investment decision like that involved in the purchase of the Shares; and (vii) except as set forth below, the Investor is not, and it has no direct or indirect affiliation or association with, a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority as of the date hereof.

 

Exceptions: _________________________________________________________

 

___________________________________________________________________

(If no exceptions, write “none.” If left blank, response will be deemed to be “none.”)

 

(b) The Investor also represents and warrants that, other than the transactions contemplated hereunder, the Investor has not directly or indirectly, nor has any person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with the Investor, executed any disposition, including “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Short Sales”), in the securities of the Company during the period commencing from the time that the Investor first became aware of the proposed transactions contemplated hereunder until the date hereof (“Discussion Time”). The Investor has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction), except with respect to the Investor’s legal counsel and advisors subject to a duty of confidentiality substantially similar to that contained herein. Investor shall be liable for any breach by its legal counsel or advisors of the confidentiality obligations contained herein as if such breach were by Investor.

 

 

 

 

(c) The Investor acknowledges that in connection with the offering of the Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement, the Company has entered into a placement agent agreement with Maxim Group LLC and Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC, pursuant to which it has agreed to pay Maxim Group LLC and Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC a commission of 7.0% of the Purchase Price of certain of the Shares, and pursuant to which it has agreed to reimburse Maxim Group LLC for its expenses of up to $15,000.

 

5. Investor Covenant Regarding Short Sales and Confidentiality. The Investor covenants that neither it nor any affiliates acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any Short Sales or other disposition of securities of the Company during the period after the Discussion Time and ending at the time that the transactions contemplated by this Subscription are first publicly announced through a press release, prospectus supplement and/or Form 8-K. Furthermore, the Investor covenants that no shares received from the offering will be used to cover any previously made short sales. The Investor covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Subscription are publicly disclosed by the Company through a press release, prospectus supplement and/or Form 8-K, the Investor will maintain the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction).

 

6. Miscellaneous.

 

(a) This Subscription constitutes the entire understanding and agreement between the parties with respect to its subject matter, and there are no agreements or understandings with respect to the subject matter hereof which are not contained in this Subscription. This Subscription may be modified only in writing signed by the parties hereto.

 

(b) This Subscription may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other parties hereto, it being understood that all parties need not sign the same counterpart. Execution may be made by delivery by facsimile or by email delivery of a “.pdf” format data file.

 

(c) The provisions of this Subscription are severable and, in the event that any court or officials of any regulatory agency of competent jurisdiction shall determine that any one or more of the provisions or part of the provisions contained in this Subscription shall, for any reason, be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision or part of a provision of this Subscription and this Subscription shall be reformed and construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision, or part of such provision, had never been contained herein, so that such provisions would be valid, legal and enforceable to the maximum extent possible, so long as such construction does not materially adversely effect the economic rights of either party hereto.

 

 

 

 

(d) All communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be mailed, hand delivered, sent by a recognized overnight courier service such as Federal Express, or sent via facsimile or email, to the party to whom it is addressed at the following addresses or such other address as such party may advise the other in writing:

 

  If to the Company:
     
    PAVmed Inc.
    One Grand Central Place, Suite 4600
    NY, NY 10165
    Telephone: (212) 949-4319
    Attention: Lishan Aklog, Chief Executive Officer
    E-Mail: la@pavmed.com
     
    With a copy (for informational purposes only) to:
     
    Graubard Miller
    405 Lexington Avenue, 11th Floor
    New York, NY 10174
    Telephone: (212) 818-8800
    Attention: Eric T. Schwartz, Esq., Jeffrey M. Gallant, Esq.
    Email: eschwartz@graubrd.com, jgallant@graubard.com
     
  If to the Investor: as set forth on the signature page hereto.

 

All notices hereunder shall be effective upon receipt by the party to which it is addressed.

 

(e) This Subscription shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of State of New York for contracts to be wholly performed in such state and without giving effect to the principles thereof regarding the conflict of laws. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in New York, New York for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and each irrevocably waives any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such court, or that such court is an improper or inconvenient venue for such action, suit, or proceeding. THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVE FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY.

 

(f) This Subscription shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns. The Company shall not assign this Subscription or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Investor, including by merger or consolidation; provided, however, that any transaction, whether by merger, reorganization, restructuring, consolidation, financing or otherwise, whereby the Company remains the surviving entity immediately after such transaction, shall not be deemed a succession or assignment. The Investor may not assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement.

 

 

 

 

(g) In consideration of the Investor’s execution and delivery of the Subscription and acquiring the Shares hereunder and in addition to all of the Company’s other obligations under the Subscription, the Company shall defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless the Investor and all of its affiliates, members, officers, directors, and employees, and any of the foregoing person’s agents or other representatives (including, without limitation, those retained in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Subscription) (collectively, the “Indemnitees”) from and against any and all actions, causes of action, suits, claims, losses, costs, penalties, fees, liabilities and damages, and expenses in connection therewith (irrespective of whether any such Indemnitee is a party to the action for which indemnification hereunder is sought), and including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements (the “Indemnified Liabilities”), incurred by any Indemnitee as a result of, or arising out of, or relating to (a) any misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company in the Subscription or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (b) any untrue statement of a material fact or omission to state a material fact required to be stated in the Registration Statement, Prospectus and/or Prospectus Supplement, or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading, (c) any breach of any covenant, agreement or obligation of the Company contained in the Subscription or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, or (d) any cause of action, suit or claim brought or made against such Indemnitee by any stockholder of the Company who is not an affiliate of Investor and arising out of or resulting from the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of the Subscription or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, other than with respect to Indemnified Liabilities which directly and primarily result from (A) a breach of any of the Investor’s representations and warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Subscription, (B) the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of the Investor or any other Indemnitee, (C) any agreements or understandings Investor may have with any stockholder of the Company, or (D) any violation by Investor of state or federal securities laws. To the extent that the foregoing undertaking by the Company may be unenforceable for any reason, the Company shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the Indemnified Liabilities which is permissible under applicable law.

 

[signature pages follow]

 

 

 

 

 

If the foregoing correctly sets forth our agreement, please confirm this by signing and returning to us the duplicate copy of this Subscription.

 

    PAVMED INC.
       
    By:
    Name:
  Title:
Number of Shares:_______________________________      
Purchase Price Per Share:$________________________      
Aggregate Purchase Price: $_______________________      
       
INVESTOR:____________________________________      
         
By:      
Name:        
Title:                                                                                                      
         
Address for Notice:     With a copy to (which shall not constitute
      notice):
       
   
   
   
       
Facsimile: ______________________________________     Facsimile:__________________________________
Attention: ______________________________________     Attention:__________________________________
         
DWAC Instructions:      
         
Name of DTC Participant (broker-dealer at which the account or accounts to be credited with the Shares are maintained):    
         
DTC Participant Number:    
         

Name of Account at DTC Participant being

credited with the Shares:

   
         

Account Number at DTC Participant being credited

with the Shares

   

 

The sale of the Shares is being made pursuant to a registration statement under the Securities Act. A final prospectus supplement relating to the sale of the Shares will be filed with the Commission and will be available on the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

 

 

EX-99.1 5 ex99-1.htm

 

 

Exhibit 99.1

 

 

PAVmed Announces Pricing of Additional $8.1 Million Common Stock Registered Direct Offering

 

NEW YORK, Dec. 18, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — PAVmed Inc. (Nasdaq: PAVM, PAVMZ) (the “Company” or “PAVmed”), a highly differentiated, multi-product, commercial-stage medical device company, today announced it has entered into agreements for the sale of approximately 5.1 million shares of common stock in a registered direct offering with predominantly existing institutional investors at a price of $1.60 per share for gross proceeds of $8.1 million.

 

The estimated net proceeds to PAVmed from the registered direct offering are expected to be approximately $7.4 million after deducting the placement agents’ fees and other estimated offering expenses. The offering is expected to close on or about December 22, 2020 subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions.

 

Maxim Group LLC is acting as the lead placement agent and Lake Street Capital Markets LLC is acting as co-placement agent in connection with the offering.

 

The securities described above are being offered pursuant to a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-248709) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 17, 2020. A prospectus supplement relating to the offering is being filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Copies of the prospectus supplement relating to the offering, together with the accompanying base prospectus included in the registration statement, may be obtained from the Securities and Exchange Commission at www.sec.gov, or from the Company at One Grand Central Place, Suite 4600, New York, New York 10165, Telephone (212) 949-4319. Electronic copies of the prospectus supplement and accompanying base prospectus may also be obtained from Maxim Group LLC, 405 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10174, at (212) 895-3745.

 

This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of, these securities in any state or other jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to the registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.

 

About PAVmed

 

PAVmed Inc. is a highly differentiated, multi-product, commercial-stage medical device company employing a unique business model designed to advance innovative products to commercialization rapidly and with less capital than the typical medical device company. This proprietary model enables PAVmed to pursue an expanding pipeline strategy with a view to enhancing and accelerating value creation while seeking to further expand its pipeline through relationships with its network of clinician innovators at leading academic centers. PAVmed’s diversified product pipeline addresses unmet clinical needs encompassing a broad spectrum of clinical areas with attractive regulatory pathways and market opportunities. Its four operating divisions include GI Health (EsoGuard® Esophageal DNA Test, EsoCheck® Esophageal Cell Collection Device, and EsoCure™ Esophageal Ablation Device with Caldus™ Technology), Minimally Invasive Interventions (CarpX® Minimally Invasive Device for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome), Infusion Therapy (PortIO™ Implantable Intraosseus Vascular Access Device and NextFlo™ Highly Accurate Infusion Platform Technology), and Emerging Innovations (non-invasive laser-based glucose monitoring, pediatric ear tubes, and mechanical circulatory support). For more information, please visit www.pavmed.com, follow us on Twitter, connect with us on LinkedIn, and watch our videos on YouTube. For more information on our majority owned subsidiary, Lucid Diagnostics Inc., please visit www.luciddx.com, follow Lucid on Twitter, and connect with Lucid on LinkedIn. For detailed information on EsoGuard, please visit www.EsoGuard.com and follow us on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.

 

   
 

 

Forward-Looking Statements

 

This press release includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical facts. Such forward-looking statements, based upon the current beliefs and expectations of PAVmed’s management, are subject to risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ from the forward-looking statements. Risks and uncertainties that may cause such differences include, among other things, PAVmed’s ability to complete the offering; volatility in the price of PAVmed’s common stock, Series W Warrants and Series Z Warrants; general economic and market conditions; the uncertainties inherent in research and development, including the cost and time required advance PAVmed’s products to regulatory submission; whether regulatory authorities will be satisfied with the design of and results from PAVmed’s preclinical studies; whether and when PAVmed’s products are cleared by regulatory authorities; market acceptance of PAVmed’s products once cleared and commercialized; our ability to raise additional funding and other competitive developments. PAVmed has not yet received clearance from the FDA or other regulatory body to market many of its products. The Company has been monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our business. The Company expects the significance of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the extent of its effect on the Company’s financial and operational results, to be dictated by, among other things, the success of efforts to contain it and the impact of actions taken in response. New risks and uncertainties may arise from time to time and are difficult to predict. All of these factors are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of them are beyond PAVmed’s control. For a further list and description of these and other important risks and uncertainties that may affect PAVmed’s future operations, see Part I, Item IA, “Risk Factors,” in PAVmed’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as the same may be updated in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in any Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed by PAVmed after its most recent Annual Report. PAVmed disclaims any intention or obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect any change in its expectations or in events, conditions, or circumstances on which those expectations may be based, or that may affect the likelihood that actual results will differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements.

 

Contacts:

 

Investors

Mike Havrilla

Director of Investor Relations

(814) 241-4138

JMH@PAVmed.com

 

Media

Shaun O’Neil

Chief Commercial Officer

(518) 812-3087

SMO@PAVmed.com

 

   

 

 

 

GRAPHIC 6 ex99-1_001.jpg begin 644 ex99-1_001.jpg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end