UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)
☑	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 27, 2024

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______ to ______

Commission file number: 001-36823

SHAKE SHACK INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware			47-1941186
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(IRS Employer Identification No.)
225 Varick Street
Suite 301
	New York,	New York	10014
	(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(646) 747-7200

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act

Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001	SHAK	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule-405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). þ Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer	☑	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). ☐ Yes ☑ No

As of April 24, 2024, there were 39,635,653 shares of Class A common stock outstanding and 2,801,013 shares of Class B common stock outstanding.

SHAKE SHACK INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information			1
Part I			2
	Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	2
	Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	25
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	39
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	39
Part II			41
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	41
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	41
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	41
	Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	41
	Item 5.	Other Information	41
	Item 6.	Exhibits	42
SIGNATURES			43

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ("Form 10-Q") contains forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 ("PSLRA"), which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from the statements made herein. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, statements about the Company's growth, strategic plan, and liquidity. Forward-looking statements discuss the Company's current expectations and projections relating to its financial position, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business. You can identify forward-looking statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These statements may include words such as "aim," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "forecast," "future," "intend," "likely," "outlook," "potential," "project," "projection," "plan," "seek," "may," "could," "would," "will," "should," "can," "can have," the negatives thereof and other similar expressions.

All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. Some of the factors which could cause results to differ materially from the Company's expectations include the Company's ability to develop and open new Shacks on a timely basis, increased costs or shortages or interruptions in the supply and delivery of products, increased labor costs or shortages, inflationary pressures, the Company's management of its digital capabilities and expansion into delivery, as well as kiosk, drive-thru and multiple format investments, the Company's ability to maintain and grow sales at existing Shacks, and risks relating to the restaurant industry generally, and the impact of any material weakness in the Company's internal controls over financial reporting identified in connection with the restatement described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 29, 2024 or otherwise. You should evaluate all forward-looking statements made in this Form 10-Q in the context of the risks and uncertainties disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").

The forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-Q are made only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 1

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited).

	Page
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity	6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8

2 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

		March 27 2024		December 27 2023
ASSETS
Current assets:
	Cash and cash equivalents	$	260,203	$	224,653
	Marketable securities	24,570		68,561
	Accounts receivable, net	14,458		16,847
	Inventories	5,073		5,404
	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	21,885		18,967
	Total current assets	326,189		334,432
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $401,132 and $376,760, respectively		537,621		530,995
Operating lease assets		410,254		398,296
Deferred income taxes, net		329,956		326,208
Other assets		14,812		15,926
TOTAL ASSETS		$	1,618,832	$	1,605,857
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
	Accounts payable	$	15,163	$	22,273
	Accrued expenses	57,366		54,742
	Accrued wages and related liabilities	19,249		20,945
	Operating lease liabilities, current	50,780		49,004
	Other current liabilities	18,525		17,103
	Total current liabilities	161,083		164,067
Long-term debt		245,898		245,636
Long-term operating lease liabilities		476,704		464,533
Liabilities under tax receivable agreement, net of current portion		236,728		235,613
Other long-term liabilities		26,126		26,638
Total liabilities		1,146,539		1,136,487
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders' equity:
	Preferred stock, no par value—10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding as of March 27, 2024 and December 27, 2023.	—		—
	Class A common stock, $0.001 par value—200,000,000 shares authorized; 39,635,382 and 39,474,315 shares issued and outstanding as of March 27, 2024 and December 27, 2023, respectively.	40		39
	Class B common stock, $0.001 par value—35,000,000 shares authorized; 2,801,013 and 2,834,513 shares issued and outstanding as of March 27, 2024 and December 27, 2023, respectively.	3		3
	Additional paid-in capital	427,530		426,601
	Retained earnings	18,817		16,777
	Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(4)		(3)
	Total stockholders' equity attributable to Shake Shack Inc.	446,386		443,417
Non-controlling interests		25,907		25,953
Total equity		472,293		469,370
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY		$	1,618,832	$	1,605,857

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 3

SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS)

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
		March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Shack sales		$	280,552	$	244,254
Licensing revenue		9,952		9,024
TOTAL REVENUE		290,504		253,278
Shack-level operating expenses:
	Food and paper costs	80,253		71,772
	Labor and related expenses	81,509		74,264
	Other operating expenses	41,856		34,936
	Occupancy and related expenses	22,188		18,583
General and administrative expenses		35,944		31,311
Depreciation and amortization expense		25,441		21,322
Pre-opening costs		2,753		3,557
Impairment and loss on disposal of assets		526		722
TOTAL EXPENSES		290,470		256,467
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS		34		(3,189)
Other income, net		3,206		2,837
Interest expense		(508)		(403)
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES		2,732		(755)
Income tax expense		518		867
NET INCOME (LOSS)		2,214		(1,622)
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests		174		(88)
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO SHAKE SHACK INC.		$	2,040	$	(1,534)
Earnings (Loss) per share of Class A common stock:
	Basic	$	0.05	$	(0.04)
	Diluted	$	0.05	$	(0.04)
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding:
	Basic	39,515		39,332
	Diluted	41,259		39,332

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

4 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
		March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Net income (loss)		$	2,214	$	(1,622)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax(1):
	Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(1)		(4)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS		(1)		(4)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)		2,213		(1,626)
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests		174		(88)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO SHAKE SHACK INC.		$	2,039	$	(1,538)

(1)Net of tax expense of $0 for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023.

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 5

SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share amounts)

For the Thirteen Weeks Ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023
		Class A Common Stock			Class B Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Non- Controlling Interest		Total Equity
		Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
BALANCE, DECEMBER 27, 2023		39,474,315	$	39	2,834,513	$	3	$	426,601	$	16,777	$	(3)	$	25,953	$	469,370
	Net income	—	—		—	—		—		2,040		—		174		2,214
	Other comprehensive income (loss):
	Net change in foreign currency translation adjustment	—	—		—	—		—		—		(1)		—		(1)
	Equity-based compensation	—	—		—	—		3,718		—		—		—		3,718
	Activity under stock compensation plans	127,567	1		—	—		(5,577)		—		—		211		(5,365)
	Redemption of LLC Interests	33,500	—		(33,500)	—		286		—		—		(286)		—
	Establishment of liabilities under tax receivable agreement and related changes to deferred tax assets associated with increases in tax basis	—	—		—	—		2,502		—		—		—		2,502
	Distributions paid to non-controlling interest holders	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		(145)		(145)
BALANCE, MARCH 27, 2024		39,635,382	$	40	2,801,013	$	3	$	427,530	$	18,817	$	(4)	$	25,907	$	472,293
BALANCE, DECEMBER 28, 2022		39,284,998	$	39	2,869,513	$	3	$	415,649	$	(3,487)	$	—	$	24,632	$	436,836
	Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(1,534)		—		(88)		(1,622)
	Other comprehensive income (loss):
	Net change in foreign currency translation adjustment	—	—		—	—		—		—		(4)		—		(4)
	Equity-based compensation	—	—		—	—		3,864		—		—		—		3,864
	Activity under stock compensation plans	94,907	—		—	—		(2,699)		—		—		186		(2,513)
	Redemption of LLC Interests	25,000	—		(25,000)	—		194		—		—		(194)		—
	Establishment of liabilities under tax receivable agreement and related changes to deferred tax assets associated with increases in tax basis	—	—		—	—		481		—		—		—		481
	Distributions paid to non-controlling interest holders	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		(49)		(49)
BALANCE, MARCH 29, 2023		39,404,905	$	39	2,844,513	$	3	$	417,489	$	(5,021)	$	(4)	$	24,487	$	436,993

6 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

			Thirteen Weeks Ended
			March 27 2024		March 29 2023
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss) (including amounts attributable to non-controlling interests)			$	2,214	$	(1,622)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
	Depreciation and amortization expense		25,441		21,322
	Amortization of debt issuance costs		262		262
	Amortization of cloud computing asset		518		439
	Non-cash operating lease cost		18,490		16,075
	Equity-based compensation		3,642		3,802
	Deferred income taxes		(131)		1,917
	Non-cash interest		(164)		58
	Gain on sale of equity securities		—		(81)
	Net amortization of discount on held-to-maturity securities		(370)		—
	Impairment and loss on disposal of assets		526		722
	Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
		Accounts receivable	2,389		3,354
		Inventories	331		(210)
		Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(2,757)		(1,580)
		Other assets	(650)		(1,218)
		Accounts payable	(3,760)		(5,799)
		Accrued expenses	2,027		(2,018)
		Accrued wages and related liabilities	(1,696)		1,068
		Other current liabilities	709		(2,389)
		Operating lease liabilities	(17,213)		(16,830)
		Other long-term liabilities	857		2,548
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES			30,665		19,820
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property and equipment			(33,054)		(34,326)
Maturities of held-to-maturity marketable securities			44,361		—
Purchases of equity securities			—		(690)
Sales of equity securities			—		81,478
NET CASH PROVIDED BY INVESTING ACTIVITIES			11,307		46,462
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Payments on principal of finance leases			(910)		(807)
Distributions paid to non-controlling interest holders			(145)		(49)
Net proceeds from stock option exercises			474		113
Employee withholding taxes related to net settled equity awards			(5,840)		(2,626)
NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES			(6,421)		(3,369)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents			(1)		(4)
INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS			35,550		62,909
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD			224,653		230,521
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD			$	260,203	$	293,430

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 7

SHAKE SHACK INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

		Page
Note 1	Nature of Operations	9
Note 2	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	9
Note 3	Revenue	10
Note 4	Fair Value Measurements	11
Note 5	Supplemental Balance Sheet Information	12
Note 6	Debt	13
Note 7	Leases	14
Note 8	Non-Controlling Interests	16
Note 9	Equity-Based Compensation	18
Note 10	Income Taxes	18
Note 11	Earnings (Loss) Per Share	20
Note 12	Supplemental Cash Flow Information	22
Note 13	Commitments and Contingencies	22
Note 14	Related Party Transactions	23

8 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

NOTE 1: NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Shake Shack Inc. was formed on September 23, 2014 as a Delaware corporation for the purpose of facilitating an initial public offering and other related transactions in order to carry on the business of SSE Holdings, LLC and its subsidiaries ("SSE Holdings"). Shake Shack Inc. is the sole managing member of SSE Holdings and, as sole managing member, the Company operates and controls all of the business and affairs of SSE Holdings. As a result, the Company consolidates the financial results of SSE Holdings and reports a non-controlling interest representing the economic interest in SSE Holdings held by the other members of SSE Holdings. As of March 27, 2024 the Company owned 93.4% of SSE Holdings. Unless the context otherwise requires, "we," "us," "our," "Shake Shack," the "Company" and other similar references, refer to Shake Shack Inc. and, unless otherwise stated, all of its subsidiaries, including SSE Holdings.

The Company operates and licenses Shake Shack restaurants ("Shacks"), which serve burgers, chicken, hot dogs, crinkle cut fries, shakes, frozen custard, beer, wine and more. As of March 27, 2024, there were 525 Shacks in operation system-wide, of which 299 were Company-operated Shacks and 226 were licensed Shacks.

NOTE 2: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Shake Shack Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") and on a basis consistent in all material respects with the accounting policies described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023 ("2023 Form 10-K"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally presented in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. These interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in its 2023 Form 10-K. In the Company's opinion, all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operation have been included. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full fiscal year.

SSE Holdings is considered a variable interest entity. Shake Shack Inc. is the primary beneficiary as the Company has the majority economic interest in SSE Holdings and, as the sole managing member, has decision making authority that significantly affects the economic performance of the entity, while the limited partners have no substantive kick-out or participating rights. As a result, the Company consolidates SSE Holdings. The assets and liabilities of SSE Holdings represent substantially all of the Company's consolidated assets and liabilities with the exception of certain deferred taxes and liabilities under the Tax Receivable Agreement. As of March 27, 2024 and December 27, 2023, the net assets of SSE Holdings were $394,523 and $388,250, respectively. The assets of SSE Holdings are subject to certain restrictions in SSE Holdings' revolving credit agreement.

Fiscal Year

The Company operates on a 52/53 week fiscal year ending on the last Wednesday of December. Fiscal 2024 contains 52 weeks and ends on December 25, 2024. Fiscal 2023 contained 52 weeks and ended on December 27, 2023. Unless otherwise stated, references to years in this report relate to fiscal years.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 9

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The Company reviewed all recently issued accounting pronouncements and concluded that they were not applicable or not expected to have a significant impact on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

NOTE 3: REVENUE

Revenue Recognition

Revenue primarily consists of Shack sales and Licensing revenue. Generally, revenue is recognized as promised goods or services transfer to the guest or customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

Shack Sales

Revenue from Shack sales is recognized when payment is tendered at the point of sale, net of discounts as the performance obligation has been satisfied at that time. Sales tax collected from guests is excluded from Shack sales and the obligation is included as sales tax payable until the taxes are remitted to the appropriate taxing authorities.

Delivery services are fulfilled by third-party delivery partners whether ordered through the Shack app, website ("Company-owned platforms") or through third-party delivery platforms. Revenue from orders through Company-owned platforms includes delivery fees and is recognized when the delivery partner transfers the order to the guest as the Company controls the delivery. For these sales, the Company receives payment directly from the guest at the time of sale. Revenue from orders through third-party delivery platforms is recognized when the order is transferred to the third-party delivery partner and excludes delivery fees collected by the delivery partner as the Company does not control the delivery. The Company receives payment from the delivery partner subsequent to the transfer of the order and the payment terms are short-term in nature. For all delivery sales, the Company is considered the principal and recognizes revenue on a gross basis.

The Company sells gift cards which do not have expiration dates. Revenue from gift cards is recognized when gift cards are redeemed by the customer or, in the event a gift card is not expected to be redeemed, in proportion to actual redemptions of gift cards ("gift card breakage"). The gift card breakage rate is determined from historical gift card redemption patterns. Gift card breakage income for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023 was $134 and $106, respectively. Gift card breakage income is included in Shack sales in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Licensing Revenue

Licensing revenue includes initial territory fees, Shack opening fees and ongoing sales-based royalty fees from licensed Shacks. Generally, the licenses granted to develop, open and operate each Shack in a specified territory are the predominant good or service transferred to the licensee and represent distinct performance obligations. Ancillary promised services, such as training and assistance during the initial opening of a Shack, are typically combined with the license and considered one performance obligation per Shack.

The Company determines the transaction price for each contract, which is comprised of the initial territory fee and an estimate of the total Shack opening fees the Company expects to be entitled to. The calculation of total Shack opening fees requires judgment, as it is based on an estimated number of Shacks the Company expects the licensee to open. The transaction price is then allocated equally to each Shack expected to open. The performance obligation is satisfied over time, starting when a Shack opens through the end of the license term for the related Shack, therefore revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the license term.

Generally, payment for the initial territory fee is received upon execution of the license agreement and payment for the Shack opening fees is received either in advance of or upon opening the related Shack. These payments are initially deferred and

10 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

recognized in revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied. Revenue from sales-based royalties is recognized as the related sales occur.

Revenue disaggregated by type was as follows:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Shack sales	$	280,552	$	244,254
Licensing revenue:
Sales-based royalties	9,633		8,778
Initial territory and opening fees	319		246
Total revenue	$	290,504	$	253,278

The aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that were unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of March 27, 2024 was $23,370. The Company expects to recognize this amount as revenue over a long-term period, as the license term for each Shack ranges from 5 to 20 years. This amount excludes any variable consideration related to sales-based royalties.

Contract Balances

Contract liabilities and receivables from contracts with customers were as follows:

	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Shack sales receivables	$	9,012	$	9,884
Licensing receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts	3,880		4,610
Gift card liability	2,325		2,603
Deferred revenue, current	1,261		1,192
Deferred revenue, long-term	16,919		17,157

Revenue recognized that was included in the respective liability balances at the beginning of the period was as follows:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Gift card liability	$	419	$	333
Deferred revenue	317		244

NOTE 4: FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The carrying values of the Company's Cash and cash equivalents, Accounts receivable, net, Accounts payable and Accrued expenses approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

The Company's marketable securities were as follows:

	March 27 2024	December 27 2023
Held-to-maturity securities	24,570	68,561

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 11

The Company classified its held-to-maturity securities as Level 1 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. Refer to Note 6, Debt, for additional information relating to the fair value of the Company's outstanding debt instruments.

The Company's held-to-maturity securities were as follows:

	March 27, 2024
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasuries	$	24,570	$	505	$	—	$	25,075

As of March 27, 2024, the contractual maturities of held-to-maturity securities were less than 12 months. Any expected credit losses would not be material to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

A summary of other income (expense) from marketable securities was as follows:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Income from marketable securities	$	535	$	495
Realized gain on sale of equity securities	—		81
Total	$	535	$	576

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include long-lived assets, operating lease right-of-use assets and indefinite-lived intangible assets. The Company performs its impairment analysis at least annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. There were no impairment charges recognized during the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023.

NOTE 5: SUPPLEMENTAL BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION

The components of Prepaid expenses and other current assets were as follows:

	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Prepaid expenses	$	8,263	$	5,641
Tenant allowance receivables	12,297		12,136
Other	1,325		1,190
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	21,885	$	18,967

The components of Other current liabilities were as follows:

	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Sales tax payable	$	6,453	$	6,076
Current portion of financing equipment lease liabilities	3,532		3,435
Gift card liability	2,325		2,603
Other	6,215		4,989
Other current liabilities	$	18,525	$	17,103

12 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

NOTE 6: DEBT

Convertible Notes

The Company's $250,000 aggregate principal amount of 0% Convertible Senior Notes due 2028 (“Convertible Notes”) will mature on March 1, 2028, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased in certain circumstances. Upon conversion, the Company pays or delivers, as the case may be, cash, shares of Class A common stock or a combination of cash and shares of Class A common stock, at the Company's election.

The Convertible Notes are convertible at the option of the holders at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding December 1, 2027, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter commencing after the fiscal quarter ending on June 30, 2021 (and only during such fiscal quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company's Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price for the Convertible Notes on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any ten consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price (as defined in the Indenture) per one thousand dollar principal amount of the Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of Class A common stock and the conversion rate for the Convertible Notes on each such trading day; (3) if the Company calls such Convertible Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the redemption date, but only with respect to the Convertible Notes called (or deemed called) for redemption; and (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events as set forth in the Indenture. On or after December 1, 2027, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders of the Convertible Notes may convert all or any portion of their Convertible Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

The Convertible Notes had an initial conversion rate of 5.8679 shares of Class A common stock per one thousand dollar principal amount of Convertible Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $170.42 per share of Class A common stock. The fair value of the Convertible Notes was approximately $226,795 and $205,000, respectively, as of March 27, 2024 and December 27, 2023, based on external pricing data, including available quoted market prices of these instruments, and consideration of comparable debt instruments with similar interest rates and trading frequency, among other factors, and is classified as a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
	Classification	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Amortization expense on Convertible Notes	Interest expense	$	262	$	262

	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Convertible Notes	$	250,000	$	250,000
Discount and debt issuance costs, net of amortization	(4,102)		(4,364)
Long-term debt	$	245,898	$	245,636

Revolving Credit Facility

The Company maintains a revolving credit facility agreement ("Revolving Credit Facility") which permits borrowings up to $50,000 with the ability to increase available borrowings up to an additional $100,000, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. The Revolving Credit Facility has a maturity date of March 5, 2026.

In June 2023, the Company entered into the fourth amendment to the Revolving Credit Facility ("Fourth Amendment"), which, among other things, modified the benchmark interest rate to either: (i) the base rate plus applicable margin ranging from 0.0% to 1.5% or (ii) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus applicable margin ranging from 1.0% to 2.5%, in each case

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 13

dependent upon the net lease adjusted leverage ratio. As of March 27, 2024 and December 27, 2023, no amounts were outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility.

The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are secured by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of SSE Holdings and the guarantors. The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by each of SSE Holdings' direct and indirect subsidiaries, with certain exceptions. The Revolving Credit Facility requires the Company to comply with maximum net lease adjusted leverage and minimum fixed charge coverage ratios, as well as other customary affirmative and negative covenants. As of March 27, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all covenants.

The Revolving Credit Facility also permits the issuance of letters of credit upon our request of up to $15,000. As of March 27, 2024 and December 27, 2023, the Company had outstanding letters of credit of $3,310 and $3,147, respectively, in connection with the Revolving Credit Facility.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
	Classification	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Interest expense on Revolving Credit Facility	Interest expense	$	17	$	24

	Classification	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Unamortized deferred financing costs on Revolving Credit Facility	Other assets	$	38	$	42

NOTE 7: LEASES

Nature of Leases

Shake Shack currently leases all of its Company-operated Shacks, the home office and certain equipment under various non-cancelable lease agreements that expire on various dates through 2045. The Company evaluates contracts entered into to determine whether the contract involves the use of property or equipment, which is either explicitly or implicitly identified in the contract. The Company evaluates whether it controls the use of the asset, which is determined by assessing whether substantially all economic benefit from the use of the asset is obtained, and whether the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. If these criteria are met, the Company has identified a lease within the contract, and therefore a right of use asset and lease liability are recorded on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Upon possession of a leased asset, the Company determines whether the lease is an operating or finance lease. All of the Company's real estate leases are classified as operating leases and most equipment leases are classified as finance leases.

Generally, real estate leases have initial terms ranging from 10 to 15 years and typically include two five-year renewal options. Renewal options are generally not recognized as part of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as it is not reasonably certain at commencement date that the Company would exercise the renewal options. Real estate leases typically contain fixed minimum rent payments and/or contingent rent payments which are based upon sales in excess of specified thresholds. When the achievement of such sales thresholds are deemed to be probable, contingent rent is accrued in proportion to the sales recognized during the period.

For operating leases, fixed lease payments are recognized as operating lease costs on a straight-line basis over the lease term within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) in the following line items. Lease expense incurred before a Shack opens is recorded in Pre-opening costs. Once a Company-operated Shack opens, the straight-line lease expense and contingent rent, if applicable, are recorded in Occupancy and related expenses. Many of these leases also require the Company to pay real estate taxes, common area maintenance costs and other occupancy costs which are included in Occupancy and related expenses. Finance leases are recognized in depreciation expense on a straight-line basis over the remaining lease term, along with recognition of interest expense associated with accretion of the lease liability.

14 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

For both operating and finance leases that contain lease and non-lease components, the components are combined and accounted for as a single lease component. Variable lease costs for both operating and finance leases, if any, are recognized as incurred. Leases with a term of 12 months or less are deemed short-term and are not recognized on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fixed lease payments for short-term leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company calculates operating lease assets and lease liabilities as the present value of fixed lease payments over the reasonably certain lease term beginning at the commencement date. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate ("IBR") in determining the present value of future lease payments as there are no explicit rates provided in the leases. The IBR used to measure the lease liability is derived from the average of the yield curves obtained from using the notching method and the recovery rate method. The most significant assumption in calculating the IBR is the Company's credit rating and is subject to judgment. The credit rating used to develop the IBR is determined by utilizing the credit ratings of other public companies with similar financial information as SSE Holdings.

The Company expends cash for leasehold improvements to build out and equip leased properties. Generally, a portion of the leasehold improvements and building costs are reimbursed by the landlords through landlord incentives pursuant to agreed-upon terms in the lease agreements. Landlord incentives usually take the form of cash, full or partial credits against future minimum or contingent rents otherwise payable by the Company, or a combination thereof. In most cases, landlord incentives are received after the Company takes possession of the property and as milestones are met during the construction of the property. The Company includes these amounts in the measurement of the initial operating lease liability, and lease asset.

A summary of operating and finance right-of-use assets and lease liabilities were as follows:

	Classification	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Operating leases	Operating lease assets	$	410,254	$	398,296
Finance leases	Property and equipment, net	11,637		11,801
Total right-of-use assets		$	421,891	$	410,097
Operating leases:
	Operating lease liabilities, current	$	50,780	$	49,004
	Long-term operating lease liabilities	476,704		464,533
Finance leases:
	Other current liabilities	3,532		3,435
	Other long-term liabilities	8,519		8,721
Total lease liabilities		$	539,535	$	525,693

The components of lease expense were as follows:

			Thirteen Weeks Ended
		Classification	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Operating lease cost		Occupancy and related expenses Pre-opening costs General and administrative expenses	$	18,490	$	16,075
Finance lease cost:
	Amortization of right-of-use assets	Depreciation and amortization expense	968		737
	Interest on lease liabilities	Interest expense	180		70
Variable lease cost		Occupancy and related expenses Pre-opening costs General and administrative expenses	5,206		3,770
Short-term lease cost		Occupancy and related expenses	216		240
Total lease cost			$	25,060	$	20,892

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 15

As of March 27, 2024, future minimum lease payments for operating and finance leases consisted of the following:

	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
2024(1)	$	46,721	$	3,183
2025	86,077		3,696
2026	82,830		2,926
2027	78,181		2,331
2028	73,834		1,251
Thereafter	316,485		139
Total minimum payments	684,128		13,526
Less: imputed interest	168,941		1,475
Total lease liabilities	$	515,187	$	12,051

(1)Operating leases are net of certain tenant allowance receivables that were reclassified to Other current assets as of March 27, 2024.

As of March 27, 2024, the Company had additional operating lease commitments of $148,440 for non-cancelable leases without a possession date, which commence in 2024 or later. These lease commitments are materially consistent with the leases that have been executed thus far.

A summary of lease terms and discount rates for operating and finance leases were as follows:

		March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
	Operating leases	8.9		8.9
	Finance leases	4.5		4.7
Weighted average discount rate:
	Operating leases	6.2	%	6.2	%
	Finance leases	5.6	%	5.6	%

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
		March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
	Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	19,775	$	16,830
	Operating cash flows from finance leases	180		70
	Financing cash flows from finance leases	910		807
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
	Operating leases	23,319		21,414
	Finance leases	804		701

NOTE 8: NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS

Shake Shack is the primary beneficiary and sole managing member of SSE Holdings and, as a result, consolidates the financial results of SSE Holdings. The Company reports a non-controlling interest representing the economic interest in SSE Holdings held by the other members of SSE Holdings. The Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, as further amended, (the "LLC Agreement") of SSE Holdings provides that holders of LLC Interests may, from time to time, require SSE

16 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

Holdings to redeem all or a portion of their LLC Interests for newly-issued shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis. In connection with any redemption or exchange, the Company will receive a corresponding number of LLC Interests, increasing the total ownership interest in SSE Holdings. Changes in the ownership interest in SSE Holdings while the Company retains its controlling interest in SSE Holdings will be accounted for as equity transactions. As such, future redemptions or direct exchanges of LLC Interests in SSE Holdings by the other members of SSE Holdings will result in a change in ownership and reduce the amount recorded as non-controlling interest and increase additional paid-in capital.

The following table summarizes the ownership interest in SSE Holdings:

	March 27, 2024			December 27, 2023
	LLC Interests	Ownership %		LLC Interests	Ownership %
Number of LLC Interests held by Shake Shack Inc.	39,635,382	93.4	%	39,474,315	93.3	%
Number of LLC Interests held by non-controlling interest holders	2,801,013	6.6	%	2,834,513	6.7	%
Total LLC Interests outstanding	42,436,395	100.0	%	42,308,828	100.0	%

The weighted average ownership percentages for the applicable reporting periods are used to attribute Net income (loss) and Other comprehensive income (loss) to the non-controlling interest holders and were as follows:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Non-controlling interest holders' weighted average ownership percentages	6.7	%	6.8	%

The following table summarizes the effects of changes in ownership of SSE Holdings on the Company's equity:

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
		March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc.		$	2,040	$	(1,534)
Other comprehensive loss:
	Unrealized holding loss on foreign currency translation adjustment	(1)		(4)
Transfers (to) from non-controlling interests:
	Increase in additional paid-in capital as a result of the redemption of LLC Interests	286		194
	Decrease in additional paid-in capital as a result of activity under stock compensation plan	(5,577)		(2,699)
Total effect of changes in ownership interest on loss attributable to Shake Shack Inc.		$	(3,252)	$	(4,043)

The following table summarizes the LLC Interests activity:

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
		March 27 2024	March 29 2023
LLC Interests activity under the Company's stock compensation plan
	Number of LLC Interests received by Shake Shack Inc.	127,567	94,907
Redemption and acquisition of LLC Interests
	Number of LLC Interests redeemed by non-controlling interest holders	33,500	25,000
	Number of LLC Interests received by Shake Shack Inc.	33,500	25,000
Issuance of Class A common stock
	Shares of Class A common stock issued in connection with redemptions of LLC Interests	33,500	25,000
Cancellation of Class B common stock
	Shares of Class B common stock surrendered and canceled	33,500	25,000

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 17

NOTE 9: EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION

A summary of equity-based compensation expense by award type was as follows:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Performance stock units	$	783	$	1,310
Restricted stock units	2,859		2,492
Equity-based compensation expense	$	3,642	$	3,802
Total income tax benefit recognized related to equity-based compensation	$	104	$	102

Equity-based compensation expense recognized was as follows:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
General and administrative expenses	$	3,316	$	3,529
Labor and related expenses	326		273
Equity-based compensation expense	$	3,642	$	3,802

NOTE 10: INCOME TAXES

Shake Shack is the sole managing member of SSE Holdings and, as a result, consolidates the financial results of SSE Holdings. SSE Holdings is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and most applicable state and local income tax purposes. As a partnership, SSE Holdings is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by SSE Holdings is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including the Company, on a pro rata basis. The Company is subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income or loss of SSE Holdings, as well as any stand-alone income or loss generated by Shake Shack Inc. The Company is also subject to withholding taxes in foreign jurisdictions.

Effective Income Tax Rates

The following table presents the Company’s effective income tax rates:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Effective income tax rates	19.0	%	(114.8)	%

The increase in the effective income tax rate for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 was primarily driven by the change in pre-tax income for the period compared to a pre-tax loss for the same period last year and the impact of discrete items which had a disproportionate effect on the minimal pre-tax loss in the prior year. Additionally, an increase in the Company's ownership interest in SSE Holdings increases its share of the taxable income (loss) of SSE Holdings.

18 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

The Company's weighted average ownership interest in SSE Holdings was as follows:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Shake Shack's weighted average ownership percentages	93.3	%	93.2	%

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The Company acquires LLC Interests in connection with the redemption of LLC Interests and activity relating to its stock compensation plan and recognizes deferred tax assets associated with the basis difference in its investment in SSE Holdings upon acquisition of these LLC Interests.

The following table summarizes the LLC Interests acquired by the Company:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024	March 29 2023
LLC Interests activity under the Company's stock compensation plan	127,567	94,907
LLC Interests activity from redemptions of LLC Interests	33,500	25,000
Total LLC Interests acquired by the Company	161,067	119,907

Deferred tax assets related to the basis difference in the Company's investment in SSE Holdings were as follows:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Deferred tax assets recognized upon acquisition of LLC Interests	$	3,314	$	824

	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Total deferred tax assets related to the acquisition of LLC Interests	$	95,228	$	90,419

The Company also recognizes deferred tax assets related to additional tax basis increases generated from expected future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement and related deductions for imputed interest on such payments. Refer to "Tax Receivable Agreement," herein for additional information.

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Deferred tax assets recognized under the Tax Receivable Agreement	$	303	$	129

The Company evaluates the realizability of its deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis and establishes valuation allowances when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset may not be realized. As of March 27, 2024, the Company concluded, based on the weight of all available positive and negative evidence, that all of its deferred tax assets (except for those deferred tax assets relating to certain state tax credits and net operating losses) are more likely than not to be realized. As such, no additional valuation allowance was recognized.

Tax Receivable Agreement

On February 4, 2015, the Company entered into a tax receivable agreement with certain of the then-existing members of SSE Holdings (the "Tax Receivable Agreement") that provides for the payment by the Company of 85% of the amount of any tax benefits that are actually realized, or in some cases are deemed to realize, as a result of (i) increases in the Company's share of the tax basis in the net assets of SSE Holdings resulting from any redemptions or exchanges of LLC Interests, (ii) tax basis

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 19

increases attributable to payments made under the Tax Receivable Agreement, and (iii) deductions attributable to imputed interest pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement (the "TRA Payments"). The Company expects to benefit from the remaining 15% of any tax benefits that may actually realize. The TRA Payments are not conditioned upon any continued ownership interest in SSE Holdings or the Company. The rights of each member of SSE Holdings that is a party to the Tax Receivable Agreement, are assignable to transferees of their respective LLC Interests.

Pursuant to the Company's election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code"), the Company expects to obtain an increase in its share of the tax basis in the net assets of SSE Holdings when LLC Interests are redeemed or exchanged by the other members of SSE Holdings. The Company plans to make an election under Section 754 of the Code for each taxable year in which a redemption or exchange of LLC Interest occurs. The Company intends to treat any redemptions and exchanges of LLC Interests as direct purchases of LLC Interests for U.S. federal income tax purposes. These increases in tax basis may reduce the amounts that would otherwise be paid in the future to various tax authorities. They may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future dispositions of certain capital assets to the extent tax basis is allocated to those capital assets.

There were no transactions subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement for which the Company did not recognize the related liability, as the Company concluded that it would have sufficient future taxable income to utilize all of the related tax benefits generated by all transactions that occurred during the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023.

A summary of obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement were as follows:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Additional liabilities recognized under the Tax Receivable Agreement	$	1,115	$	472

	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Total obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement	$	236,728	$	235,613

During the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023, inclusive of interest, no payments were made to the parties to the Tax Receivable Agreement.

NOTE 11: EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE

Basic earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc. by the weighted average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc. by the weighted average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding, adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive securities.

20 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

The following table sets forth reconciliations of the numerators and denominators used to compute basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock (in thousands, except per share amounts):

			Thirteen Weeks Ended
			March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Numerator:
	Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc.—basic		$	2,040	$	(1,534)
	Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc.—diluted		$	2,040	$	(1,534)
Denominator:
	Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—basic		39,515		39,332
	Effect of dilutive securities:
		Stock options	70		—
		Performance stock units	15		—
		Restricted stock units	192		—
		Convertible Notes	1,467		—
	Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—diluted		41,259		39,332
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic			$	0.05	$	(0.04)
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—diluted			$	0.05	$	(0.04)

The effect of potential share settlement of the Convertible Notes outstanding for the period is included as potentially dilutive shares of Class A common stock under application of the if-converted method in the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share, except when the effect would be anti-dilutive. Refer to Note 6, Debt, for additional information.

Shares of Class B common stock do not share in the earnings or losses of Shake Shack and are therefore not participating securities. As such, separate presentation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class B common stock under the two-class method has not been presented. However, shares of Class B common stock outstanding for the period are considered potentially dilutive shares of Class A common stock under application of the if-converted method and are included in the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share, except when the effect would be anti-dilutive.

The following table presents potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computations of diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock:

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Stock options	—		128,656	(2)
Performance stock units	123,969	(1)	134,659	(2)
Restricted stock units	—		576,227	(2)
Shares of Class B common stock	2,801,013	(2)	2,844,513	(2)
Convertible notes	—		1,466,975	(2)

(1)Number of securities outstanding at the end of the period that were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock because the performance conditions associated with these awards were not met assuming the end of the reporting period was the end of the performance period.

(2)Number of securities outstanding at the end of the period that were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 21

NOTE 12: SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

The following table sets forth supplemental cash flow information:

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
		March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Cash paid for:
	Income taxes, net of refunds	$	1,214	$	782
	Interest, net of amounts capitalized	350		83
Non-cash investing activities:
	Accrued purchases of property and equipment	22,415		25,752
	Capitalized equity-based compensation	49		43
Non-cash financing activities:
	Establishment of liabilities under Tax Receivable Agreement	1,115		472

NOTE 13: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Lease Commitments

The Company is obligated under various operating leases for Shacks and the home office space, expiring in various years through 2045. Under certain of these leases, the Company is liable for contingent rent based on a percentage of sales in excess of specified thresholds and typically responsible for its proportionate share of real estate taxes, common area maintenance costs and other occupancy costs. Refer to Note 7, Leases, for additional information.

Certain leases require the Company to obtain letters of credit. As of March 27, 2024, the Company held three letters of credit, one for $402, which expires in August 2024 and renews automatically for one-year periods through January 2034, one for $163, which expires in December 2024 and renews automatically for one-year periods through December 2029 and one for $130 which expires in February 2026.

Purchase Commitments

Purchase obligations include legally binding contracts, including commitments for the purchase, construction or remodeling of real estate and facilities, firm minimum commitments for inventory purchases, equipment purchases, marketing-related contracts, software acquisition/license commitments and service contracts. These obligations are generally short-term in nature and are recorded as liabilities when the related goods are received or services rendered. The Company also enters into long-term, exclusive contracts with certain vendors to supply food, beverages and paper goods, obligating the Company to purchase specified quantities.

Legal Contingencies

The Company is subject to various legal proceedings, claims and liabilities, involving employees and guests alike, which arise in the ordinary course of business and are generally covered by insurance. As of March 27, 2024, the amount of the ultimate liability with respect to these matters was not material.

Liabilities under Tax Receivable Agreement

The Company is a party to the Tax Receivable Agreement under which it is contractually committed to pay certain of the members of SSE Holdings 85% of the amount of any tax benefits that are actually realized, or in some cases are deemed to realize, as a result of certain transactions.

The Company is not obligated to make any payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement until the tax benefits associated with the transactions that gave rise to the payments are realized. Amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement are

22 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

contingent upon, among other things, (i) generation of future taxable income over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement and (ii) future changes in tax laws. If the Company does not generate sufficient taxable income in the aggregate over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement to utilize the tax benefits, then it would not be required to make the related TRA Payments.

The Company recognizes liabilities relating to the obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement if concluding that it is probable that it would have sufficient future taxable income over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement to utilize the related tax benefits. Refer to Note 10, Income Taxes, for additional information relating to the Tax Receivable Agreement.

NOTE 14: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Union Square Hospitality Group

The Chairman of the Board of Directors serves as the Executive Chairman of Union Square Hospitality Group, LLC. As a result, Union Square Hospitality Group, LLC and its subsidiary, set forth below, are considered related parties.

Hudson Yards Sports and Entertainment

In fiscal 2011, Shake Shack entered into a Master License Agreement (as amended, "MLA") with Hudson Yards Sports and Entertainment LLC ("HYSE") to operate Shake Shack branded limited menu concession stands in sports and entertainment venues within the United States. In February 2019, the agreement was assigned to Hudson Yards Catering ("HYC"), the parent of HYSE. The agreement expires in January 2027 and includes five consecutive five-year renewal options at HYC's option. As consideration for these rights, HYC pays the Company a license fee based on a percentage of net food sales, as defined in the MLA. HYC also pays a percentage of profits on sales of branded beverages, as defined in the MLA.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
	Classification	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Amounts received from HYC	Licensing revenue	$	98	$	146

	Classification	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Amounts due from HYC	Accounts receivable, net	$	61	$	57

Madison Square Park Conservancy

The Chairman of the Board of Directors serves as a director of the Madison Square Park Conservancy ("MSP Conservancy"), with which Shake Shack has a license agreement and pays license fees to operate the Madison Square Park Shack. No amounts were due to MSP Conservancy as of March 27, 2024 and December 27, 2023.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
	Classification	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Amounts paid to MSP Conservancy	Occupancy and related expenses	$	229	$	224

Olo, Inc.

The Chairman of the Board of Directors serves as a director of Olo, Inc., a platform the Company uses in connection with its mobile ordering application.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
	Classification	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Amounts paid to Olo, Inc.	Other operating expenses	$	181	$	124

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 23

	Classification	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Amounts due to Olo, Inc.	Accounts payable Accrued expenses	$	178	$	116

Block, Inc.

The Company's Chief Executive Officer is a member of the board of directors of Block, Inc. (formerly known as "Square, Inc."). The Company currently uses certain point-of-sale applications, payment processing services, hardware and other enterprise platform services in connection with its kiosk technology, sales for certain off-site events and the processing of a limited amount of sales at certain locations.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
	Classification	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Amounts paid to Block, Inc.	Other operating expenses	$	2,705	$	1,571

	Classification	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Amounts due to Block, Inc.	Accounts payable Accrued expenses	$	14	$	59

Tax Receivable Agreement

The Company entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement that provides for the payment by the Company of 85% of the amount of any tax benefits that are actually realized, or in some cases are deemed to realize, as a result of certain transactions. Refer to Note 10, Income Taxes, for additional information. No payments were made to the members of SSE Holdings pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement during the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023.

	Classification	March 27 2024		December 27 2023
Amounts due under the Tax Receivable Agreement	Other current liabilities Liabilities under Tax Receivable Agreement, net of current portion	$	236,728	$	235,613

Distributions to Members of SSE Holdings

Under the terms of the SSE Holdings LLC Agreement, SSE Holdings is obligated to make tax distributions to its members. No tax distributions were payable to non-controlling interest holders as of March 27, 2024 and December 27, 2023, respectively.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
	Classification	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Amounts paid to non-controlling interest holders	Non-controlling interests	$	145	$	49

24 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

This section and other parts of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ("Form 10-Q") contain forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 ("PSLRA"), which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from the statements made herein. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements including, but not limited to, statements about the Company's growth, strategic plan, and liquidity. Forward-looking statements discuss our current expectations and projections relating to our financial position, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business. You can identify forward-looking statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These statements may include words such as "aim," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "forecast," "future," "intend," "likely," "outlook," "potential," "project," "projection," "plan," "seek," "may," "could," "would," "will," "should," "can," "can have," the negatives thereof and other similar expressions.

All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. You should evaluate all forward-looking statements made in this Form 10-Q in the context of the risks and uncertainties disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023 ("2023 Form 10-K").

The forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-Q are made only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law. If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be made that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our 2023 Form 10-K and the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. All information presented herein is based on our fiscal calendar. Unless otherwise stated, references to particular years, quarters, months or periods refer to our fiscal years and the associated quarters, months and periods of those fiscal years.

OVERVIEW

Shake Shack serves modern, fun and elevated versions of American classics using only premium ingredients. We are known for our made-to-order 100% Angus beef burgers, crispy chicken, hand-spun milkshakes, house-made lemonades, beer, wine, and more. With our fine-dining roots and a commitment to crafting uplifting experiences, Shake Shack has become a cult-brand and created a new category, fine-casual.

Our mission is to Stand For Something Good in all aspects of our business, including the talented team we hire and train, the premium ingredients making up our menu, our community engagement and the design of our Shacks. Stand For Something Good is a call to action for all of our stakeholders — our team, guests, communities, suppliers and investors — and we actively invite them all to share in this philosophy with us. This commitment drives our integration into the local communities in which we operate and fosters a deep and lasting connection with our guests.

The following definitions apply to these terms as used herein:

"Average weekly sales" is calculated by dividing total Shack sales by the number of operating weeks for all Shacks in operation during the period. For Shacks that are not open for the entire period, fractional adjustments are made to the number of operating weeks open such that it corresponds to the period of associated sales.

"Same-Shack sales" represents Shack sales for the comparable Shack base, which is defined as the number of Company-operated Shacks open for 24 full fiscal months or longer. For consecutive days that Shacks were temporarily closed, the comparative period was also adjusted.

“System-wide sales” is an operating measure and consists of sales from Company-operated Shacks and licensed Shacks. The Company does not recognize the sales from licensed Shacks as revenue. Of these amounts, revenue is limited to licensing

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 25

revenue based on a percentage of sales from licensed Shacks, as well as certain up-front fees, such as territory fees and opening fees.

Key Operating Metrics

Same-Shack sales for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 1.6% compared to the same period last year, driven by a 3.7% increase in price mix partially offset by a 2.1% decrease in guest traffic. For the purpose of calculating same-Shack sales for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024, Shack sales for 224 Shacks were included in the comparable Shack base.

Average weekly sales were $73,000 for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024, which was flat compared to the same period last year, primarily driven by higher menu prices, partially offset by a decline in guest traffic.

System-wide sales for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 12.3% to $443.3 million compared to the same period last year.

Digital sales for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 15.3% to $103.2 million compared to the same period last year. Digital sales includes orders placed on the Shake Shack app, website and third-party delivery platforms, which represented 36.8% of Shack sales during the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024.

Development Highlights

During the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024, we opened four new Company-operated Shacks and four new licensed Shacks. There was one permanent licensed Shack closure in the first quarter of 2024.

The following table presents the Shacks opened during the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024:

Location	Type	Opening Date
Nanjing, China — Nanjing IFC	Licensed	1/3/2024
North Brunswick Township, NJ — North Brunswick	Company-operated	1/10/2024
Seoul, Korea — Yeouido	Licensed	1/12/2024
Vienna, VA — Pike 7	Company-operated	2/20/2024
Tel Aviv, Israel — Dizengoff	Licensed	2/27/2024
Santa Rosa, CA — Montgomery Village	Company-operated	2/28/2024
Bloomingdale, IL — Bloomingdale	Company-operated	3/7/2024
Muharraq, Bahrain — Marassi Galleria Mall	Licensed	3/14/2024

As of March 27, 2024, there were 525 Shacks in operation system-wide, of which 299 were Company-operated Shacks and 226 were licensed Shacks.

26 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023:

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024				March 29 2023
Shack sales		$	280,552	96.6	%	$	244,254	96.4	%
Licensing revenue		9,952		3.4	%	9,024		3.6	%
TOTAL REVENUE		290,504		100.0	%	253,278		100.0	%
Shack-level operating expenses(1):
	Food and paper costs	80,253		28.6	%	71,772		29.4	%
	Labor and related expenses	81,509		29.1	%	74,264		30.4	%
	Other operating expenses	41,856		14.9	%	34,936		14.3	%
	Occupancy and related expenses	22,188		7.9	%	18,583		7.6	%
General and administrative expenses		35,944		12.4	%	31,311		12.4	%
Depreciation and amortization expense		25,441		8.8	%	21,322		8.4	%
Pre-opening costs		2,753		0.9	%	3,557		1.4	%
Impairment and loss on disposal of assets		526		0.2	%	722		0.3	%
TOTAL EXPENSES		290,470		100.0	%	256,467		101.3	%
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS		34		—	%	(3,189)		(1.3)	%
Other income, net		3,206		1.1	%	2,837		1.1	%
Interest expense		(508)		(0.2)	%	(403)		(0.2)	%
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES		2,732		0.9	%	(755)		(0.3)	%
Income tax expense		518		0.2	%	867		0.3	%
NET INCOME (LOSS)		2,214		0.8	%	(1,622)		(0.6)	%
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests		174		0.1	%	(88)		—	%
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO SHAKE SHACK INC.		$	2,040	0.7	%	$	(1,534)	(0.6)	%

(1)As a percentage of Shack sales.

Shack Sales

Shack sales represent the aggregate sales of food, beverages and Shake Shack branded merchandise at our Company-operated Shacks and gift card breakage income. Shack sales in any period are directly influenced by the number of operating weeks in such period and the total number of open Shacks.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Shack sales		$	280,552		$	244,254
	Percentage of Total revenue	96.6		%	96.4		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	36,298
	Percentage change compared to prior year	14.9		%

Shack sales for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 14.9% to $280.6 million versus the same period last year. The increase was primarily due to the opening of 39 new Company-operated Shacks between March 29, 2023 and March 27, 2024 which contributed $34.5 million and an increase in menu prices partially offset by a decline in guest traffic.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 27

Licensing Revenue

Licensing revenue is comprised of license fees and opening and territory fees for certain licensed Shacks. License fees are calculated as a percentage of sales and territory fees are payments for the exclusive right to develop Shacks in a specific geographic area.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Licensing revenue		$	9,952		$	9,024
	Percentage of Total revenue	3.4		%	3.6		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	928
	Percentage change compared to prior year	10.3		%

Licensing revenue for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 10.3% to $10.0 million versus the same period last year. The increase was primarily due to the opening of 37 net new licensed Shacks between March 29, 2023 and March 27, 2024 which contributed $1.6 million to Licensing revenue, partially offset by a decline in sales at existing licensed Shacks, primarily in China and the Middle East.

Food and Paper Costs

Food and paper costs include the direct costs associated with food, beverage and packaging of our menu items. The components of Food and paper costs are variable by nature, change with sales volume, impacted by menu mix, channel mix and fluctuations in commodity costs, as well as geographic scale and proximity.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Food and paper costs		$	80,253		$	71,772
	Percentage of Shack sales	28.6		%	29.4		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	8,481
	Percentage change compared to prior year	11.8		%

Food and paper costs for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 11.8% to $80.3 million versus the same period last year. The increase was primarily due to the opening of 39 new Company-operated Shacks between March 29, 2023 and March 27, 2024, which contributed approximately $9.0 million.

As a percentage of Shack sales, the decrease in Food and paper costs for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 was primarily driven by menu price increases partially offset by the increases in commodities costs, mainly beef and fries and increases in marketing promotions.

Labor and Related Expenses

Labor and related expenses include Company-operated Shack-level hourly and management wages, bonuses, payroll taxes, equity-based compensation, workers’ compensation expense and medical benefits. As we expect with other variable expense items, labor costs should grow as our Shack sales grow. Factors that influence labor costs include minimum wage and payroll tax legislation, health care costs, size and location of the Shack and the performance of our Company-operated Shacks.

28 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Labor and related expenses		$	81,509		$	74,264
	Percentage of Shack sales	29.1		%	30.4		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	7,245
	Percentage change compared to prior year	9.8		%

Labor and related expenses for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 9.8% to $81.5 million versus the same period last year. The increase was primarily due to the opening of 39 new Company-operated Shacks between March 29, 2023 and March 27, 2024.

As a percentage of Shack sales, the decrease in Labor and related expenses for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 was primarily due to labor efficiencies partially offset by additional expenses from the opening of 39 new Company-operated Shacks between March 29, 2023 and March 27, 2024.

Other Operating Expenses

Other operating expenses consist of delivery commissions, Shack-level marketing expenses, repairs and maintenance, utilities and other operating expenses incidental to operating our Company-operated Shacks, such as non-perishable supplies, credit card fees and property insurance.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Other operating expenses		$	41,856		$	34,936
	Percentage of Shack sales	14.9		%	14.3		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	6,920
	Percentage change compared to prior year	19.8		%

Other operating expenses for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 19.8% to $41.9 million versus the same period last year. The increase was primarily driven by higher facilities costs, mainly professional services, due to the opening of 39 new Company-operated Shacks between March 29, 2023 and March 27, 2024, as well as increases in transaction fees associated with higher sales and marketing costs.

As a percentage of Shack sales, the increase in Other operating expenses for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 was primarily due to increases in delivery commissions associated with higher delivery sales and marketing spend, partially offset by lower utility costs.

Occupancy and Related Expenses

Occupancy and related expenses consist of Shack-level occupancy expenses (including rent, common area expenses and certain local taxes), and exclude occupancy expenses associated with unopened Shacks, which are recorded separately in Pre-opening costs.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Occupancy and related expenses		$	22,188		$	18,583
	Percentage of Shack sales	7.9		%	7.6		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	3,605
	Percentage change compared to prior year	19.4		%

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 29

Occupancy and related expenses for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 19.4% to $22.2 million versus the same period last year. The increase was primarily due to the opening of 39 new Company-operated Shacks between March 29, 2023 and March 27, 2024.

As a percentage of Shack sales, the increase in Occupancy and related expenses for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 were primarily due to higher variable rent and occupancy taxes.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist of costs associated with corporate and administrative functions that support Shack development and operations, as well as equity-based compensation expense.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
General and administrative expenses		$	35,944		$	31,311
	Percentage of Total revenue	12.4		%	12.4		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	4,633
	Percentage change compared to prior year	14.8		%

General and administrative expenses for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 14.8% to $35.9 million versus the same period last year. The increase was primarily due to increases in wages and other team costs to support our Shack growth, costs related to the restatement of prior periods included in the fiscal 2023 Form 10-K, professional fees related to non-recurring matters, as well as investments in marketing and technology initiatives, partially offset by the absence of one-time legal settlements compared to the prior year period.

As a percentage of Total revenue, General and administrative expenses was flat at 12.4% for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023, which was primarily due to sales leverage partially offset by the aforementioned items.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense primarily consists of the depreciation of fixed assets, including leasehold improvements and equipment.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Depreciation and amortization expense		$	25,441		$	21,322
	Percentage of Total revenue	8.8		%	8.4		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	4,119
	Percentage change compared to prior year	19.3		%

Depreciation and amortization expense for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 19.3% to $25.4 million versus the same period last year. The increase was predominantly due to incremental depreciation of capital expenditures related to the opening of 39 new Company-operated Shacks and technology projects placed into service between March 29, 2023 and March 27, 2024.

Pre-Opening Costs

Pre-opening costs consist primarily of occupancy, manager and team member wages, cookware, travel and lodging costs for our opening training team and other supporting team members, marketing expenses, legal fees and inventory costs incurred prior to the opening of a Shack. All such costs incurred prior to the opening of a Company-operated Shack are expensed in the period in which the expense was incurred. Pre-opening costs can fluctuate significantly from period to period, based on the number and timing of Company-operated Shack openings and the specific pre-opening costs incurred for each Company-operated Shack. Additionally, Company-operated Shack openings in new geographic markets may initially experience higher pre-opening costs

30 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

than our established geographic markets, such as the New York City metropolitan area, where we have greater economies of scale and incur lower travel and lodging costs for our training team.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Pre-opening costs		$	2,753		$	3,557
	Percentage of Total revenue	0.9		%	1.4		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	(804)
	Percentage change compared to prior year	(22.6)		%

Pre-opening costs for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 decreased 22.6% to $2.8 million versus the same period last year. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in wages and team costs as we standardize the training process for unopened Shacks partially offset by an increase in legal costs.

Impairment and Loss on Disposal of Assets

Impairment and loss on disposal of assets primarily consists of impairment charges related to our long-lived assets, which includes property and equipment, as well as operating and finance lease assets. Additionally, Impairment and loss on disposal of assets includes the net book value of assets that have been retired which primarily consists of furniture, equipment and fixtures that were replaced in the normal course of business.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Impairment and loss on disposal of assets		$	526		$	722
	Percentage of Total revenue	0.2		%	0.3		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	(196)
	Percentage change compared to prior year	(27.1)		%

Impairment and loss on disposal of assets for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 decreased 27.1% to $0.5 million versus the same period last year. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in abandoned construction projects partially offset by an increase in costs to replace certain equipment.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net consists primarily of interest income, adjustments to liabilities under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dividend income, and net unrealized and realized gains and losses from marketable securities.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Other income, net		$	3,206		$	2,837
	Percentage of Total revenue	1.1		%	1.1		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	369
	Percentage change compared to prior year	13.0		%

Other income, net for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased from $2.8 million to $3.2 million versus the same period last year. The increase was primarily due to an increase in interest income related to investments in marketable securities.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 31

Interest Expense

Interest expense generally consists of interest on the current portion of our liabilities under the Tax Receivable Agreement, imputed interest related to our financing equipment leases, amortization of deferred financing costs, interest and fees on our Revolving Credit Facility and amortization of debt issuance costs.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Interest expense		$	(508)		$	(403)
	Percentage of Total revenue	(0.2)		%	(0.2)		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	(105)
	Percentage change compared to prior year	26.1		%

Interest expense for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 increased 26.1% to $0.5 million versus the same period last year. The increase was primarily due to increased finance lease charges from the opening of 39 new Company-operated Shacks between March 29, 2023 and March 27, 2024.

Income Tax Expense

We are the sole managing member of SSE Holdings, and as a result, consolidate the financial results of SSE Holdings. SSE Holdings is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and most applicable state and local income tax purposes. As a partnership, SSE Holdings is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by SSE Holdings is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including us, on a pro rata basis. We are subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income or loss of SSE Holdings, as well as any stand-alone income or loss generated by us. We are also subject to withholding taxes in foreign jurisdictions.

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Income tax expense		$	518		$	867
	Percentage of Total revenue	0.2		%	0.3		%
	Dollar change compared to prior year	$	(349)
	Percentage change compared to prior year	(40.3)		%

Our effective income tax rates for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023 were 19.0% and (114.8)%, respectively. The increase was primarily driven by the change in pre-tax income for the period compared to a pre-tax loss for the same period last year and the impact of discrete items which had a disproportionate effect on the minimal pre-tax loss in the prior year. Additionally, an increase in the Company's ownership interest in SSE Holdings increases its share of the taxable income (loss) of SSE Holdings. Our weighted-average ownership interest in SSE Holdings was 93.3% and 93.2%, respectively, for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023.

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Non-controlling Interests

We are the sole managing member of SSE Holdings and have the sole voting power in, and control the management of, SSE Holdings. Accordingly, we consolidate the financial results of SSE Holdings and report a non-controlling interest on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss), representing the portion of net income (loss) attributable to the other members of SSE Holdings. The Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of SSE Holdings provides that holders of LLC Interests may, from time to time, require SSE Holdings to redeem all or a portion of their LLC Interests for newly-issued shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis. In connection with any redemption or exchange, we will receive a corresponding number of LLC Interests, increasing our total ownership interest in SSE Holdings. The weighted average ownership percentages for the applicable reporting periods are used to attribute net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) to Shake Shack Inc. and the non-controlling interest holders.

32 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024			March 29 2023
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests		$	174		$	(88)
	Percentage of Total revenue	0.1		%	—		%

Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 improved to income of $0.2 million from a loss of $0.1 million in the same period last year. The improvement for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 was primarily due to improved net results compared to the same period last year, partially offset by a decrease in the non-controlling interest holders' weighted average ownership, which was 6.7% and 6.8%, respectively for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

To supplement the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), we use the following non-GAAP financial measures: Restaurant-level profit, Restaurant-level profit margin, EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, adjusted pro forma net income (loss) and adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share (collectively the "non-GAAP financial measures").

Restaurant-Level Profit

Restaurant-level profit, formerly referred to as Shack-level operating profit, is defined as Shack sales less Shack-level operating expenses which include Food and paper costs, Labor and related expenses, Other operating expenses and Occupancy and related expenses.

How This Measure Is Useful

When used in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, Restaurant-level profit and Restaurant-level profit margin are supplemental measures of operating performance that we believe are useful measures to evaluate the performance and profitability of our Shacks. Additionally, Restaurant-level profit and Restaurant-level profit margin are key metrics used internally by our management to develop internal budgets and forecasts, as well as assess the performance of our Shacks relative to budget and against prior periods. It is also used to evaluate team member compensation as it serves as a metric in certain of our performance-based team member bonus arrangements. We believe the presentation of Restaurant-level profit and Restaurant-level profit margin provides investors with a supplemental view of our operating performance that can provide meaningful insights to the underlying operating performance of our Shacks, as these measures depict the operating results that are directly impacted by our Shacks and exclude items that may not be indicative of, or are unrelated to, the ongoing operations of our Shacks. It may also assist investors to evaluate our performance relative to peers of various sizes and maturities and provides greater transparency with respect to how our management evaluates our business, as well as our financial and operational decision-making.

Limitations of the Usefulness of this Measure

Restaurant-level profit and Restaurant-level profit margin may differ from similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different methods of calculation. Presentation of Restaurant-level profit and Restaurant-level profit margin is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. Restaurant-level profit excludes certain costs, such as General and administrative expenses and Pre-opening costs, which are considered normal, recurring cash operating expenses and are essential to support the operation and development of our Shacks. Therefore, this measure may not provide a complete understanding of the operating results of our Company as a whole and Restaurant-level profit and Restaurant-level profit margin should be reviewed in conjunction with our GAAP financial results. A reconciliation of Restaurant-level profit to Income (loss) from operations, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, is as follows.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 33

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Income (loss) from operations		$	34	$	(3,189)
Less:
	Licensing revenue	9,952		9,024
Add:
	General and administrative expenses	35,944		31,311
	Depreciation and amortization expense	25,441		21,322
	Pre-opening costs	2,753		3,557
	Impairment and loss on disposal of assets	526		722
Restaurant-level profit		$	54,746	$	44,699
Total revenue		$	290,504	$	253,278
Less: Licensing revenue		9,952		9,024
Shack sales		$	280,552	$	244,254
Restaurant-level profit margin(1)		19.5 %		18.3 %

(1)As a percentage of Shack sales.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

EBITDA is defined as Net income (loss) before Interest expense (net of interest income), Income tax expense and Depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA (as defined above) excluding equity-based compensation expense, Impairment and loss on disposal of assets, amortization of cloud-based software implementation costs, as well as certain non-recurring items that we do not believe directly reflect our core operations and may not be indicative of our recurring business operations.

How These Measures Are Useful

When used in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA are supplemental measures of operating performance that we believe are useful measures to facilitate comparisons to historical performance and competitors' operating results. Adjusted EBITDA is a key metric used internally by our management to develop internal budgets and forecasts and also serves as a metric in our performance-based equity incentive programs and certain of our bonus arrangements. We believe presentation of EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA provides investors with a supplemental view of our operating performance that facilitates analysis and comparisons of our ongoing business operations because they exclude items that may not be indicative of our ongoing operating performance.

Limitations of the Usefulness of These Measures

EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA may differ from similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different methods of calculation. Presentation of EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA exclude certain normal recurring expenses. Therefore, these measures may not provide a complete understanding of our performance and should be reviewed in conjunction with our GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA to Net income (loss), the most directly comparable GAAP measure, is as follows.

34 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Net income (loss)	$	2,214	$	(1,622)
Depreciation and amortization expense	25,441		21,322
Interest expense, net	(27)		403
Income tax expense	518		867
EBITDA	$	28,146	$	20,970
Equity-based compensation	3,642		3,802
Amortization of cloud-based software implementation costs	518		439
Impairment and loss on disposal of assets	526		722
Legal settlements(1)	—		1,004
CEO transition costs	479		—
Restatement costs(2)	1,391		—
Other(3)	1,183		628
Adjusted EBITDA	$	35,885	$	27,565
Adjusted EBITDA margin(4)	12.4 %		10.9 %

(1)Expenses incurred to establish accruals related to the settlements of legal matters.

(2)Expenses incurred related to the restatement of prior periods in the 2023 Form 10-K.

(3)Expenses incurred for professional fees related to non-recurring matters.

(4)Calculated as a percentage of Total revenue, which was $290.5 million and $253.3 million for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023, respectively.

Adjusted Pro Forma Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted Pro Forma Earnings (Loss) Per Fully Exchanged and Diluted Share

Adjusted pro forma net income (loss) represents Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc. assuming the full exchange of all outstanding SSE Holdings, LLC membership interests ("LLC Interests") for shares of Class A common stock, adjusted for certain non-recurring items that we do not believe are directly related to our core operations and may not be indicative of our recurring business operations. Adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share is calculated by dividing adjusted pro forma net income (loss) by the weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding, assuming the full exchange of all outstanding LLC Interests, after giving effect to the dilutive effect of outstanding equity-based awards.

How These Measures Are Useful

When used in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, adjusted pro forma net income (loss) and adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share are supplemental measures of operating performance that we believe are useful measures to evaluate our performance period over period and relative to our competitors. By assuming the full exchange of all outstanding LLC Interests, we believe these measures facilitate comparisons with other companies that have different organizational and tax structures, as well as comparisons period over period because it eliminates the effect of any changes in Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc. driven by increases in our ownership of SSE Holdings, which are unrelated to our operating performance, and excludes items that are non-recurring or may not be indicative of our ongoing operating performance.

Limitations of the Usefulness of These Measures

Adjusted pro forma net income (loss) and adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share may differ from similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different methods of calculation. Presentation of adjusted pro forma net income (loss) and adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share should not be considered alternatives to Net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share, as determined under GAAP. While these measures are useful in

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 35

evaluating our performance, they do not account for the earnings attributable to the non-controlling interest holders and therefore do not provide a complete understanding of the Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc. Adjusted pro forma net income (loss) and adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share should be evaluated in conjunction with our GAAP financial results. A reconciliation of adjusted pro forma net income (loss) to Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc., the most directly comparable GAAP measure, and the computation of adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged and diluted share are set forth below.

			Thirteen Weeks Ended
(in thousands, except per share amounts)			March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Numerator:
	Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc		$	2,040	$	(1,534)
	Adjustments:
		Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests from the assumed exchange of LLC Interests(1)	174		(88)
		Legal settlements	—		1,004
		Restatement costs(2)	1,391		—
		CEO transition costs	479		—
		Other(3)	1,183		628
		Tax impact of above adjustments(4)	356		(300)
Adjusted pro forma net income (loss)			$	5,623	$	(290)
Denominator:
	Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—diluted		41,259		39,332
	Adjustments:
		Assumed exchange of LLC Interests for shares of Class A common stock(1)	2,830		2,852
	Adjusted pro forma fully exchanged weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—diluted		44,089		42,184
Adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged share—diluted			$	0.13	$	(0.01)

		Thirteen Weeks Ended
		March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—diluted		$	0.05	$	(0.04)
	Non-GAAP adjustments(5)	0.08		0.03
Adjusted pro forma earnings (loss) per fully exchanged share—diluted		$	0.13	$	(0.01)

(1)Assumes the exchange of all outstanding LLC Interests for shares of Class A common stock, resulting in the elimination of the non-controlling interest and recognition of the net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests.

(2)Expenses incurred related to the restatement of prior periods in the 2023 Form 10-K.

(3)Expenses incurred for professional fees related to non-recurring matters.

(4)Represents the tax effect of the aforementioned adjustments and pro forma adjustments to reflect corporate income taxes at assumed effective tax rates of 2.8% and 133.1% for the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 and March 29, 2023, respectively. Amounts include provisions for U.S. federal income taxes, certain LLC entity-level taxes and foreign withholding taxes, assuming the highest statutory rates apportioned to each applicable state, local and foreign jurisdiction.

(5)Represents the per share impact of non-GAAP adjustments for each period. Refer to the reconciliation of Adjusted pro forma net income (loss) above for additional information.

36 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Sources and Uses of Cash

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash from operations, cash and cash equivalents on hand, short-term investments and availability under our Revolving Credit Facility. As of March 27, 2024, we maintained a Cash and cash equivalents balance of $260.2 million and a short-term investments balance of $24.6 million within Marketable securities. In March 2021, we issued 0% Convertible Senior Notes (“Convertible Notes”), and received $243.8 million of proceeds, net of discounts. Refer to Note 6, Debt, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information.

On June 7, 2021, we filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3 with the SEC which permits us to issue a combination of securities described in the prospectus in one or more offerings from time to time. To date, we have not experienced difficulty accessing the capital markets; however, future volatility in the capital markets may affect our ability to access those markets or increase the costs associated with issuing debt or equity instruments.

Our primary requirements for liquidity are to fund our working capital needs, operating and finance lease obligations, capital expenditures and general corporate needs. Our requirements for working capital are generally not significant because our guests pay for their food and beverage purchases in cash or on debit or credit cards at the time of the sale and we are able to sell many of our inventory items before payment is due to the supplier of such items. Our ongoing capital expenditures are principally related to opening new Shacks, existing Shack capital investments (both for remodels and maintenance), as well as investments in our corporate technology infrastructure to support our home office, Shake Shack locations, and digital strategy.

In addition, we are obligated to make payments to certain members of SSE Holdings under the Tax Receivable Agreement. As of March 27, 2024, such obligations totaled $236.7 million. Amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement are contingent upon, among other things, (i) generation of future taxable income over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement and (ii) future changes in tax laws. If we do not generate sufficient taxable income in the aggregate over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement to utilize the tax benefits, then we would not be required to make the related payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. Although the amount of any payments that must be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be significant, the timing of these payments will vary and will generally be limited to one payment per member per year. The amount of such payments are also limited to the extent we utilize the related deferred tax assets. The payments that we are required to make will generally reduce the amount of overall cash flow that might have otherwise been available to us or to SSE Holdings, but we expect the cash tax savings we will realize from the utilization of the related deferred tax assets to fund the required payments.

We believe our existing cash and cash equivalents balances and cash from operations will be sufficient to fund our operating and finance lease obligations, capital expenditures, Tax Receivable Agreement obligations and working capital needs for at least the next 12 months and the foreseeable future.

Summary of Cash Flows

The following table presents a summary of our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities.

	Thirteen Weeks Ended
(in thousands)	March 27 2024		March 29 2023
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	30,665	$	19,820
Net cash provided by investing activities	11,307		46,462
Net cash used in financing activities	(6,421)		(3,369)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(1)		(4)
Net increase in Cash and cash equivalents	35,550		62,909
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	224,653		230,521
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	260,203	$	293,430

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 37

Operating Activities

For the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024, net cash provided by operating activities was $30.7 million compared to $19.8 million for the thirteen weeks ended March 29, 2023, an increase of $10.8 million. The increase was primarily driven by a $7.5 million improvement in net results after excluding non-cash charges as well as changes in working capital of $3.3 million. The changes in working capital included an increase in liabilities related to general business operations as well as the timing and payments related to accruals and legal settlements, partially offset by a decrease in liabilities related to bonus arrangements.

Investing Activities

For the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024, net cash provided by investing activities was $11.3 million compared to $46.5 million for the thirteen weeks ended March 29, 2023, an decrease of $35.2 million. This decrease was primarily due to a net decrease in marketable securities activity as a result of the sale of equity securities of $81.5 million in the prior year, partially offset by maturities of held-to-maturity marketable securities in the current year of $44.4 million.

Financing Activities

For the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024, net cash used in financing activities was $6.4 million compared to $3.4 million for the thirteen weeks ended March 29, 2023, an increase of $3.0 million. This increase was primarily due to an increase in withholding taxes related to net settled equity awards.

Convertible Notes

In March 2021, we issued $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of 0% Convertible Senior Notes due 2028 in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933. The Convertible Notes will mature on March 1, 2028, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased in certain circumstances. Upon conversion, we pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of Class A common stock or a combination of cash and shares of Class A common stock, at our election. Refer to Note 6, Debt, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information.

Revolving Credit Facility

In August 2019, we entered into a Revolving Credit Facility, which matures in March 2026 and permits borrowings up to $50.0 million, with the ability to increase available borrowings up to an additional $100.0 million, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. The Revolving Credit Facility also permits the issuance of letters of credit upon our request of up to $15.0 million.

In June 2023, the Company entered into the fourth amendment to the Revolving Credit Facility ("Fourth Amendment"), which, among other things, modified the benchmark interest rate to either: (i) the base rate plus applicable margin ranging from 0.0% to 1.5% or (ii) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus applicable margin ranging from 1.0% to 2.5%, in each case depending on the net lease adjusted leverage ratio. As of March 27, 2024 and December 27, 2023, no amounts were outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility.

The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are secured by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of SSE Holdings and the guarantors. The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by each of SSE Holdings' direct and indirect subsidiaries, with certain exceptions.

The Revolving Credit Facility requires us to comply with maximum net lease adjusted leverage and minimum fixed charge coverage ratios, as well as other customary affirmative and negative covenants. As of March 27, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants.

Contractual Obligations

Material contractual obligations arising in the normal course of business primarily consist of operating and finance lease obligations, long-term debt, liabilities under the Tax Receivable Agreement and purchase obligations. The timing and nature of these commitments are expected to have an impact on our liquidity and capital requirements in future periods. Refer to Note 6, Debt and Note 7, Leases, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 for additional information relating to our long-term debt and operating and financing leases.

38 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

Liabilities under the Tax Receivable Agreement include amounts to be paid to the non-controlling interest holders, assuming we will have sufficient taxable income over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement to utilize the related tax benefits. Refer to Note 10, Income Taxes, and Note 13, Commitments and Contingencies, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1, for additional information relating to our Tax Receivable Agreement and related liabilities.

Purchase obligations include all legally binding contracts, including commitments for the purchase, construction or remodeling of real estate and facilities, firm minimum commitments for inventory purchases, equipment purchases, marketing-related contracts, software acquisition/license commitments and service contracts. The majority of our purchase obligations are due within the next 12 months.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Our discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations is based upon the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions, which we believe to be reasonable, based on the information available. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Variances in the estimates or assumptions used to actual experience could yield materially different accounting results. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate the continued appropriateness of our accounting policies and resulting estimates to make adjustments we consider appropriate under the facts and circumstances. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies under Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

There have been no material changes to our exposure to market risks as described in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act")) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based upon the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 27, 2024, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to the existence of the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting identified in fiscal 2023, as described below.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 39

PREVIOUSLY REPORTED MATERIAL WEAKNESS

As previously disclosed in Item 9A. “Controls and Procedures” on Form 10-K for the year ended December 27, 2023, management identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting related to the calculation of state deferred taxes and the related income tax expense (benefit). Specifically, the internal controls in place with respect to the calculation of state deferred taxes and the related income tax expense (benefit) were not designed appropriately. The material weakness existed as of December 27, 2023 and prior periods.

Management identified and reported this weakness to both our audit committee and Ernst & Young LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, immediately upon identification. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues have been detected. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under potential future conditions, regardless of how remote.

REMEDIATION STATUS OF MATERIAL WEAKNESS

We are designing and implementing measures to remediate the material weakness noted above and to enhance our internal control over financial reporting. As of the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we have established a Steering Committee with representatives from key departments within our Finance organization as well as representatives from IT and Securities Counsel and began remediation activities. We have hired a Head of Tax with over 20 years of tax leadership experience including working with Up-C structures, enhancing controls, processes, and tax technology. Additionally, we are currently supplementing our tax resources through the use of third-party tax consultants and intend to utilize the third-party tax consultants, under the supervision of management, throughout the remediation process. In addition, we are in the process of developing enhanced management review control procedures over the calculation of state deferred taxes and the related income tax expense (benefit).

The actions that we are taking are subject to ongoing senior management review, as well as oversight of the audit committee of our board of directors. The material weakness cannot be considered remediated until the applicable remedial controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively. We will continue to monitor the design and effectiveness of these and other processes, procedures and controls and make any further changes management deems appropriate.

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Except as described above, there were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 27, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

40 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to Part I, Item 1, Note 13, Commitments and Contingencies.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2023.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 5. Other Information.

Pursuant to Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K, our directors and officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” during the thirteen weeks ended March 27, 2024 as follows:

Name	Position	Action	Adoption Date	Expiration Date	Aggregate Numbers of Class A Common Stock to be Purchased/Sold
Daniel Meyer	Chairman of the Board of Directors	Adoption	3/4/2024	11/29/2024	100,000 shares to be sold
Randall Garutti	Chief Executive Officer	Adoption	3/4/2024	8/9/2024	293,523 shares to be sold
Katherine Fogertey	Chief Financial Officer	Adoption	3/13/2024	12/12/2024	9,000 shares to be sold

Other than as disclosed above, no other officer or director adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 41

Item 6. Exhibits.

Exhibit Number		Incorporated by Reference			Filed Herewith
	Exhibit Description	Form	Exhibit	Filing Date
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Shake Shack Inc., effective February 4, 2015	8-K	3.1	2/10/2015
3.2	Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Shack Shake Inc., dated October 1, 2019	8-K	3.1	10/4/2019
4.1	Form of Class A Common Stock Certificate	S-1/A	4.1	1/28/2015
10.1	Transition and Advisory Agreement, dated January 26, 2024, by and among Randall Garutti, Shake Shack Inc. and SSE Holdings, LLC	8-K	10.1	1/26/2024
10.2	Employment Agreement, dated March 18, 2024, effective May 20, 2024, by and among Robert Lynch, Shake Shack Inc., SSE Holdings, LLC, and Shake Shack Enterprises, LLC	8-K	10.1	3/21/2024
31.1	Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002				*
31.2	Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002				*
32	Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002				#
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document				*
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document				*
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document				*
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document				*
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document				*
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document				*
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document				*

#    Furnished herewith.

42 | Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	Shake Shack Inc.
	(Registrant)
Date: May 3, 2024	By:	/s/ Randy Garutti
		Randy Garutti
		Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)
Date: May 3, 2024	By:	/s/ Katherine I. Fogertey
		Katherine I. Fogertey
		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)

Shake Shack Inc. Form 10-Q | 43