10-K

P

to 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File Number 001-38093

Veritone, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	47-1161641
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2420 17th St., Office 3002, Denver, Colorado	80202
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (888) 507-1737

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, Par Value $0.001 per share	VERI	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

As of June 30, 2021, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $337.9 million, calculated based upon the closing price of the registrant’s common stock as reported by the NASDAQ Global Market on such date.

As of February 28, 2022, 35,060,210 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

The information that is required to be included in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference to the definitive proxy statement to be filed by the registrant within 120 days of December 31, 2021. Only those portions of the definitive proxy statement that are specifically incorporated by reference herein shall constitute a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD–LOOKING STATEMENTS		ii
SUMMARY OF RISK FACTORS		iii
PART I
Item 1.	Business	1
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	10
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	29
Item 2.	Properties	29
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	29
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	29
PART II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	30
Item 6.	Reserved	30
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	31
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	45
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	46
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	83
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	83
Item 9B.	Other Information	84
Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections	84
PART III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	85
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	85
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	85
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	85
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	85
PART IV
Item 15.	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules	86
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	89
SIGNATURES		90

i

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and we intend that such forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbors created thereby. For this purpose, any statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are not historical or current facts may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “continue,” “can,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “projects,” “should,” “could,” “will,” “would” or similar expressions and the negatives of those expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, any statements that refer to projections of our future financial condition and results of operations, capital needs and financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth and market opportunities, acquisition plans and strategies, compensation plans, governance structure and policies and/or the price of our common stock.

The forward-looking statements included herein represent our management’s current expectations and assumptions based on information available as of the date of this report. These statements involve numerous known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in more detail in Item 1 (Business) and Item 1A (Risk Factors) of Part I and Item 7 (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Readers should carefully review these risks, as well as the additional risks described in other documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In light of the significant risks and uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking information included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that such results will be achieved, and readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking information, which speak only as of the date of this report.

Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risks and uncertainties, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual future results to be materially different from those expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements.

Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

ii

SUMMARY OF RISK FACTORS

Below is a summary of certain material factors that could harm our business, operating results and/or financial condition, impair our future prospects, and/or cause the price of our common stock to decline. Please refer to the additional discussion of the risks summarized below in Item 1A (Risk Factors) of Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which should be carefully considered, together with other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our other filings with the SEC, before making an investment decision regarding our common stock.

Risks Related to Our Business and Our Financial Condition

• Our efforts to expand our aiWARE SaaS business may not be successful.

• The market for AI-based software applications is new and unproven and may decline or experience limited growth, and concerns over the use of AI may hinder the adoption of AI technologies, which would adversely affect our ability to fully realize the potential of our platform.

• We may require additional capital to support our business growth, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.

• Our quarterly results may fluctuate significantly and period-to-period comparisons of our results may not be meaningful.

• Certain of our operating results and financial metrics are difficult to predict as a result of seasonality.

• We have had a history of losses and we may be unable to sustain profitability.

• Failure to manage our growth effectively could increase our expenses, decrease our revenue and prevent us from implementing our business strategy.

• We intend to continue to pursue the acquisition of other companies, businesses or technologies, which could be expensive, divert our management’s attention, fail to achieve the expected benefits and/or expose us to other risks or difficulties.

• Our recent acquisition of PandoLogic contains contingent consideration, the value of which may impact future operating results.

• We plan to expand our international operations, which exposes us to significant risks.

• Our business has been affected by the coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, and the continuing impacts of COVID-19 in the future are highly unpredictable.

• Servicing our debt requires a significant amount of cash, and we may not have sufficient cash flow from our operations to pay our substantial debt obligations.

• Unfavorable conditions in our industry or the global markets, or reductions in consumer spending, could limit our ability to grow our business and negatively affect our operating results.

Risks Related to the Development and Operation of Our aiWARE Platform

• We may not be able to enhance our products or introduce new products that achieve market acceptance and keep pace with technological developments.

• Our competitors, partners or others may acquire third party technologies used in our platform, which could result in them blocking us from using the technology in our platform, or these third-party technology providers may otherwise terminate their relationships with us.

• We rely on third parties to develop AI models for our platform and in some cases to integrate them with our platform.

• We may not be able to develop a strong brand for our platform or increase market awareness of our company and our platform.

• We may experience interruptions or performance problems associated with our technology and infrastructure, or that of our third party service providers.

• The security of our platform, networks or computer systems may be breached, resulting in unauthorized access to our customer data.

iii

Risks Related to Target Markets, Competition and Customers

• The success of our business depends on our ability to expand into new vertical markets and attract new customers in a cost-effective manner.

• Recent and proposed laws regarding the use of facial recognition technology could adversely impact the demand for certain of our products.

• We may not be able to compete effectively in providing our Software Products & Services.

• Our subsidiary, PandoLogic, Ltd., generates substantial revenue from a single customer and the loss of such customer may harm our business, results of operations and financial results.

• Technological advances may significantly disrupt the labor market and weaken demand for human capital at a rapid rate.

• Significant segments of the market for talent acquisition software and services may have hiring needs and service preferences that are subject to greater volatility than the overall economy.

• We currently generate significant revenue from a limited number of key customers, and we may lose one or more of these key customers.

• Our sales efforts related to our Software Products & Services involve considerable time and expense, and our sales cycle is often long and unpredictable.

• We may not be able to remain competitive in providing our advertising services, and we may lose key advertising customers.

• Acquiring and retaining advertising customers depends on our ability to avoid and manage conflicts of interest arising from other customer relationships and attracting and retaining key personnel.

Risks Related to Intellectual Property

• We face risks arising from our digital content licensing services, including potential liability resulting from claims by third parties for infringement or violation of copyrights, publicity or other rights, as well as indemnification claims by rights holders and customers.

• We may be sued by third parties for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights.

• We could incur substantial costs in protecting or defending our intellectual property rights, and may not be able to protect our intellectual property.

• Our use of open source software could negatively affect our ability to sell our products and subject us to possible litigation.

Risks Related to Human Capital Management

• We depend on our executive officers and other key employees, and we may lose one or more of these employees.

• We may not be able to hire, retain and motivate qualified personnel in the key areas in which we require highly skilled employees, such as engineering, sales and marketing.

Risks Related to Regulatory Compliance

• Data protection and privacy laws and regulations could require us to make changes to our business, impose additional costs on us and reduce the demand for our software solutions.

• We could be subject to liability for historical and future sales, use and similar taxes.

Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Securities and Our Public Company Operations

• Our common stock price has been extremely volatile and could continue to fluctuate widely in price, which could result in substantial losses for investors.

• If we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be impaired.

iv

• We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” under the U.S. federal securities laws, and the reduced reporting requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies could make our common stock less attractive to investors.

• We do not currently expect to pay any cash dividends.

• Our anti-takeover provisions could prevent or delay a change in control of our company, even if such change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders.

• Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees.

• Conversion or exercise of outstanding equity-lined securities may dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders or may otherwise depress the price of our common stock.

• If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

v

PART I

Item 1. Business.

Overview

Veritone, Inc. (collectively with our subsidiaries, referred to as “Veritone,” “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us”) is a leading provider of artificial intelligence (“AI”) computing solutions and services. We are driven by the belief that AI is key to building a safer, more vibrant, transparent and empowered society.  Our mission is to be an active contributor to making the world better through AI.  

Our proprietary AI operating system, aiWARE^TM, uses machine learning algorithms, or AI models, together with a suite of powerful applications, to reveal valuable insights from vast amounts of structured and unstructured data. Our aiWARE platform offers capabilities that mimic human cognitive functions such as perception, prediction and problem solving, enabling users to quickly, efficiently and cost effectively transform unstructured data into structured data, and analyze and optimize data to drive business processes and insights.  aiWARE is based on an open architecture that enables new AI models, applications and workflows to be added quickly and efficiently, resulting in a future-proof, scalable and evolving solution that can be leveraged by organizations across a broad range of industries.

We also offer cloud-native digital content management solutions and content licensing services, primarily to customers in the media and entertainment market. These offerings utilize aiWARE, providing customers with unique capabilities to enrich and drive expanded revenue opportunities from their content.

In addition, we operate a full-service advertising agency that leverages aiWARE to provide differentiated managed services to our customers.  Our advertising services include media planning and strategy, advertisement buying and placement, campaign messaging, clearance verification and attribution, and custom analytics, specializing in host-endorsed and influencer advertising across primarily radio, podcasting, streaming audio, social media and other digital media channels. Our advertising services also include our VeriAds Network, which is comprised of programs that enable broadcasters, podcasters and social media influencers to generate incremental advertising revenue.

On September 14, 2021, we acquired PandoLogic. Ltd. (“PandoLogic”), a company incorporated under the laws of the state of Israel, which is a leading provider of intelligent hiring solutions and utilizes its proprietary platform, PandoIQ, to accelerate the time and improve the efficiency in the process for employers hiring at scale for both mass market and difficult-to-source candidates. PandoLogic’s fully autonomous recruiting platform helps employers source talent faster and more efficiently with predictive algorithms, machine learning and AI.

We generate revenue primarily through the delivery of Software Products & Services across our Commercial Enterprise (“Commercial Enterprise” or “CE”) and Government and Regulated Industries (“Government & Regulated Industries” or “GRI”) divisions, and secondarily from Managed Services that today include the delivery of advertising and content licensing services within CE.

• “Software Products & Services” consists of revenues generated from CE and GRI customers using our aiWARE platform and PandoLogic’s talent acquisition software product solutions, any related support and maintenance services, and any related professional services associated with the deployment and/or implementation of such solutions.

• “Managed Services” consist of revenues generated from CE customers using our content licensing services and advertising agency and related services.

Our presence is primarily in the United States of America and Israel.

aiWARE

Today, over 80% of new data created worldwide is unstructured, which is increasing at an annual growth rate of 30-60% per year, according to Gartner (2020 Strategic Roadmap for Storage, July 1, 2020). This creates significant challenges for companies and governments across the globe, including how to create systematic solutions to address the ever-increasing volume of unstructured data.  Whether it is a local police department trying to rapidly solve crimes through analysis of video evidence, a media company searching years of television archives for specific images and video content, or the U.S. military trying to analyze huge volumes of satellite and other aerial images, we believe AI is the only efficient solution to these complex challenges.  

1

To address the ever-growing challenges surrounding unstructured data, we developed aiWARE, our proprietary AI operating system.  aiWARE orchestrates AI models, together with a suite of powerful applications, to reveal valuable insights from vast amounts of structured and unstructured data. aiWARE offers capabilities that mimic human cognitive functions such as perception, prediction, problem solving and optimization, enabling users to quickly, efficiently and cost effectively transform unstructured data into structured data, and analyze and optimize data to drive business processes and insights.

aiWARE is based on an open architecture that enables new AI models, applications and workflows to be added quickly and efficiently, resulting in a future proof, scalable and evolving solution that can be easily leveraged by organizations in a broad range of industries that capture or use audio, video and other unstructured data, together with structured data, such as the media and entertainment, government, legal and compliance, energy and other vertical markets, driving down the cost, complexity and time to develop, deploy and distribute AI-enabled applications in their operations. Our aiWARE platform is offered primarily through a software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) delivery model and can be deployed in a number of environments and configurations to meet customers’ needs.

Our aiWARE platform encompasses the following:

• Ingestion.  We have built a scalable, source and type agnostic ingestion process that utilizes adapters, which are lightweight, pluggable software modules based on docker microservices, to capture a wide range of unstructured data, such as audio files, video files, images and documents, as well as structured data, such as public and private databases, from wherever they reside, to ingest them into our platform and normalize them for further processing, correlation and analytics. The open architecture of our solution also enables external developers to write these adapters to extend the platform to be able to ingest data of any type and from any source for their particular use cases.  

• Orchestration and Cognitive Processing. Source data ingested into aiWARE can be processed through one or more AI models, which extract from and/or add useful metadata to structured and unstructured data. Our platform includes an innovative, open AI ecosystem that currently incorporates hundreds of AI models across over 20 different cognitive capabilities from multiple third-party vendors, including Amazon, Google, IBM and Microsoft, among others, as well as our own proprietary AI models, which use advanced algorithms to perform a variety of cognitive processes, including transcription, language translation, face detection, face recognition, object detection, object recognition, logo recognition, sentiment analysis, text keyword/topic analysis, audio/video fingerprinting, geolocation, visual moderation and optical character recognition, among others.  Our open architecture allows us and third-party developers to easily integrate additional AI models within aiWARE, which makes our solution readily scalable for a broad range of processes and vertical markets.      

2

• Proprietary Indexing and Storage.  The results of processed data are indexed and stored in a scalable, time-correlated temporal elastic database within aiWARE. This intelligent data lake gives us the unique ability to synthesize various disparate cognitive results in a cohesive, time-based format, and to dissect and analyze this information, producing a multi-dimensional index for ease of search, discovery and analytics, allowing users to access multivariate intelligence previously unattainable from their data. Our architecture leverages several commercial, open source, distributed and non-relational databases with proven scalability and performance characteristics.

• Integration.  Through our self-service development environment, developers, including end customers, system integrators and application developers, can access our application programming interfaces (“APIs”) and developer tools, including Automate Studio, to rapidly build, integrate, deploy and operate AI models and AI-powered workflows and applications on aiWARE to satisfy specific use cases.  Automate Studio is our low-code workflow designer that provides an intuitive drag-and-drop user interface to allow users to easily create intelligent workflows that leverage aiWARE’s scalable, event-driven architecture and ecosystem of AI models, to design and operationalize AI-powered business processes at scale, without the need for in-depth coding skills or AI expertise.  In addition, we recently integrated aiWARE with Alteryx, Inc.’s (“Alteryx”) analytic process automation platform.  Our AI tools are available for download by Alteryx users, allowing users to access and run our AI models within Alteryx and blend both structured data and unstructured data, including video, images, audio, sensor data, and text, to generate rapid AI-enabled analytics for greater insights and more informed decision making.

• Applications and Cognitive Analytics. We have developed a suite of core applications and several industry targeted applications, which are discussed in more detail below, to facilitate the use of our platform and enable users to unlock actionable insights from their diverse datasets.  As noted above, the modular structure of aiWARE enables rapid development and deployment of applications that are relevant to the specific needs of different markets.  This allows us and third parties to quickly and easily build and deploy new applications on top of our aiWARE architecture or integrate existing applications with aiWARE.

aiWARE is available through multiple deployment models that can be configured to meet each customer’s specific requirements.  These deployment models include fully cloud-based options hosted by us in Amazon Web Services (“AWS”) and Microsoft Azure (“Azure”) commercial and secure government cloud environments; on-premises options, which allow users to utilize aiWARE’s cognitive processing and certain other capabilities in their controlled environment; and hybrid cloud/on-premises options, which give users of our on-premises capabilities the option to also connect to our services in the cloud, either to provision additional services to run within their controlled environment, or to use our additional cloud-based services to process data, search and analyze the results.  We currently hold an Authorization to Operate (“ATO”) under the Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (“FedRAMP”) for our AWS secure government cloud platform to support government customers.

Our current architecture gives us the flexibility to deploy many of aiWARE’s capabilities in virtually any environment, including select arm64 architectures, with improved scalability and reliability. We are continuing to enhance the portability of aiWARE in order to provide substantially all of the features and functionality of the platform within any environment to meet our customers’ needs.

Markets in Which We Operate

In 2021, we realigned our organization to focus on two distinct markets: Commercial Enterprise, or CE, and Government & Regulated Industries, or GRI. We have developed several applications and services addressing specific customer use cases within these target markets.  We intend to leverage the capabilities that we have developed for these key markets to expand into other markets in the future.  We have identified numerous ways in which our aiWARE platform and related AI technology may be used to extract valuable insights from large volumes of data to solve real-world problems across a broad range of markets and applications.  

Commercial Enterprise

CE today consists of customers in the commercial sector, including our media and entertainment customers, advertising customers, content licensing customers and PandoLogic customers. To date, the majority of our Software Products & Services and Managed Services revenue is generated from our CE customers.  

3

Software Products & Services

Software Products & Services used by our CE customers include:

• aiWARE Essentials.  aiWARE Essentials is a bundled offering of our core applications which enables media broadcasters can ingest their live and archived media into aiWARE and run an array of AI models on the media to identify keywords, faces, logos and objects, enriching the content with additional metadata to allow it to be quickly and easily searched, analyzed, curated and shared in near real-time. aiWARE Essentials also includes advanced analytics features that allow users to customize their analytics dashboards and reports and generate live interactive charts with robust filtering capabilities and transforms the way these media broadcasters conduct their business by implementing AI-powered applications in their ad tracking and verification workflows, enabling them to provide advertisers with near real-time ad verification and integrated audience analytics.  

• Attribute.  Attribute is an AI-powered media attribution application that tracks the efficacy of advertising in broadcast radio and television. The application delivers customer behavior impact analytics from pre-recorded, native and organic mentions, enabling broadcasters to analyze the effect of an advertiser’s advertising placements. The application systematically verifies advertisements and mentions in broadcasts and correlates them with the advertiser’s website data and displays the correlated information in a media attribution dashboard. Attribute enables broadcasters to demonstrate an advertiser’s campaign effectiveness and reveal data-driven insights for optimization of ad placements to drive greater customer return on investment, helping to drive increases in customer advertising spending.  

• Digital Media Hub.  Digital Media Hub is a cloud-native, AI-enabled media management solution through which rights holders can ingest, manage and organize their content and offer global access to their content to key stakeholders, including news media and corporate partners, in a secure, permission-based cloud environment. Digital Media Hub offers intelligent search and discovery capabilities and robust reporting tools, which allow users to access content quickly, and allow rights holders to track downloads and understand what content is most important to users.  

• PandoLogic. PandoIQ is a talent acquisition software platform which employers can use to accelerate the time and improve the efficiency in the process for hiring at scale for both mass market and difficult-to-source candidates. PandoLogic’s fully autonomous recruiting platform helps employers source talent faster and more efficiently with predictive algorithms by matching buyers and sellers of digital job advertising in a technology-driven marketplace.

• Veritone Voice. Veritone Voice is a synthetic voice solution that allows celebrities, athletes, influencers, broadcasters, podcasters and other talent across numerous industries to securely create and monetize verified synthetic voices that can be transformed into different languages, dialects, accents and more. In addition to a self-serve application for voice projects leveraging stock voices, Veritone’s voice solution offers custom synthetic voice cloning that takes a professional approach and works with clients to acquire the necessary training data to create hyper-realistic custom voice clones.

Managed Services

Managed Services used by our CE customers include:

• Content Licensing.   We offer digital content licensing services, through which we manage and license content on behalf of leading rights holders to end users in the film, television, sports, and advertising industries.  Content is licensed either through our own internally developed web portal, customer-branded web portals or other licensing arrangements.  We utilize aiWARE’s cognitive capabilities to enable richer and more efficient searching of content, allowing users to quickly find and acquire content for their projects.

• Media Agency Services.  We operate a full service media advertising agency. Our services include media planning and strategy, media buying and placement, campaign messaging, clearance verification and attribution, and custom analytics.  We leverage our aiWARE platform to help our advertising customers improve their media placements and maximize the return on their advertising spending using real-time ad verification and media analytics.

• VeriAds Network.  Our VeriAds Network is comprised of three programs that enable radio and television broadcasters, podcasters and social media influencers to generate incremental advertising revenue from premium advertisers, and enable these advertisers to expand their audience reach through unique ad units and new influencer avenues:

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o Spot Network.  Similar to traditional broadcast network programs, the Spot Network provides access to run-of-schedule and dayparted ad units for radio and television advertisements from broadcaster participants.

o MicroMentions™.  MicroMentions is an on-demand live read ad unit solution that gives broadcasters the opportunity to execute 10, 15 or 30 second ads outside of their scheduled ad inventory on a guaranteed CPM (cost per thousand) basis.  MicroMentions leverages aiWARE to programmatically manage clearance and verification of, and provide near real-time analytics for, these live reads.

o Influencer Bridge.  Influencer Bridge is a pay-per-performance advertising program that enables audio and video content creators, including podcast, Instagram and YouTube influencers, to monetize their content through CPA (cost per action) advertisements by pairing them with premium brands looking to expand their audience reach through new influencer avenues.  Using aiWARE, we can analyze content of podcast episodes and YouTube videos included in the Influencer Bridge program to help identify new contextually relevant advertising opportunities for premier brands based on the subject matter presented, as well as to provide insights for brand safety and content transparency.  

Government and Regulated Industries

 GRI today consists of customers in government and regulated industries, including our state, local and federal government, legal, compliance and energy customers. To date, a smaller portion of our historical revenue is generated from GRI customers; however, we believe that there are tremendous near and long term opportunities to grow our business in the GRI markets.  The National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence final report published in 2021 recommended that Congress fund $14 billion in Department of Defense AI initiatives and also called for doubling non-defense AI R&D to reach $36 billion by 2026. The U.S. General Services Administration’s Artificial Intelligence Center of Excellence and the U.S. Department of Defense’s Joint Artificial Intelligence Center have been created to speed the adoption of AI technologies by civilian and defense agencies, respectively, and the U.S. Departments of Energy and Veterans Affairs have opened their own AI research offices. In the energy market, according to Frost and Sullivan (Growth Opportunities from Decarbonization in the Global Power Market, 2019-2030), it is estimated that $3.4 trillion will be invested in renewable energy over the next 10 years.  We believe that the applicability of our AI solutions will extend beyond utilities and across the global $1.5 trillion electric energy market (inspirecleanenergy.com, Understanding the Energy Market, March 2017), including improved optimization to reduce energy production lost, which we have estimated to be over $21 billion in the U.S. annually over the last 10 years based on data published by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (Frequently Asked Questions, https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/index.php).

We also believe there are increasing opportunities to provide our AI-powered solutions to address the needs of customers in the state and local government, legal and compliance markets, including law enforcement, legal and judicial professionals, and companies and regulatory bodies in highly regulated industries.  Law enforcement and other government agencies regularly accumulate large amounts of unstructured audio and video data, including from police body cameras, police car recorders, interview room cameras, 911 audio tapes and surveillance cameras.  Historically, in most cases, investigators have had to review audio and video data manually, a task that consumes huge amounts of time and delays investigations.  In addition, public agencies are required to provide certain information, including in many cases audio and video files, in response to requests from the public.  Recently, statutes in several states have broadened the scope of information required to be disclosed and have shortened the time periods in which such disclosures must be made. Reviewing video footage to identify and authenticate the appropriate footage to be disclosed, and to redact facial images and other sensitive information prior to disclosure, have historically been time-consuming and largely manual processes. Today, law enforcement and other government agencies can leverage our aiWARE platform and applications to organize, review, analyze and gain insight from their various data sources to greatly enhance their investigative workflows and to support their public disclosure requirements.

Within the legal market, our AI technologies support eDiscovery, the process of identifying, collecting and producing electronically stored information, where audio and video content analysis is playing an increasingly important role in civil litigation and criminal proceedings. Our aiWARE platform’s applications and cognitive capabilities enable users to quickly search and analyze large volumes of audio files, video files, text-based documents and other electronically stored information to identify particular words, phrases, faces, objects and voices, and to redact sensitive information prior to production, greatly increasing the speed, reducing the cost, and improving the results of discovery processes.

AI is also revolutionizing the way the world produces, transmits, and consumes energy. We have developed a suite of solutions that enable our GRI customers in the energy market, including utility companies, equipment providers, battery providers and independent energy aggregators, to optimize and synchronize the energy grid, using predictive AI to make clean energy more predictable, efficient, safe, reliable and cost effective. Our energy solutions power next generation smart grids by continuously collecting and synthesizing large amounts of data, empowering utilities to predict optimal energy supply mix and pricing to meet grid demand and ensure grid reliability and resiliency.  

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Software Products & Services used by our GRI customers include:

• aiWARE Anywhere. aiWARE Anywhere provides deployment options for our production-proven aiWARE platform that lets customers harness the power of AI anywhere, any time. It provides a common software infrastructure that lets customers use end-to-end, AI-powered solutions — from data ingestion to intelligent data analysis — in either general or industry-specific applications.  aiWARE Anywhere deployment options include on-premises, in the Veritone cloud, or in a private cloud depending on our customer needs.  

• IDentify.  Our IDentify application is a powerful AI-driven tool that enables law enforcement and judicial agencies to increase the speed and efficiency of investigative workflows.  IDentify allows users to upload and maintain booking and known offender databases in aiWARE and use facial recognition technology to automatically compare these databases with video and photographic evidence, such as footage from body cameras, dash cameras and CCTV surveillance cameras, to identify potential suspects for further investigation.  IDentify gives agencies a powerful tool to augment their investigative workflows, saving valuable time and resources and helping them solve cases faster.

• Illuminate.  Our Illuminate application provides users with an effective means of searching voluminous sets of media and electronic documents to support eDiscovery efforts, and particularly their early case assessment efforts. This application allows users to rapidly ingest, process and search large volumes of audio, video, image and text-based documents, to identify and segregate relevant evidence for further review and analysis.  Illuminate’s text analytics capabilities allow users to visually explore entities, such as the persons, organizations and locations identified in the data.  Once processed and reviewed through the application, users are able to transfer a relevant subset of media and documents to our Redact application if redaction is necessary or export it for transfer to their eDiscovery or case management platform for further processing and workflows.  

• Redact.  Our Redact application enables law enforcement and judicial agencies to leverage AI to automate the redaction of faces and other sensitive information within audio, video and image-based evidence, significantly streamlining their redaction workflows.  Redact employs AI technology to automatically detect when persons appear in evidence for review and selection.  Users can also define other sensitive items appearing in video evidence and choose to automatically track the defined items for redaction throughout the video or at a single time stamp.  The application then systematically obscures selected portions of the data in the evidence.  With Redact, agencies can complete their review and redaction of evidence in a fraction of the amount of time spent on manual processes, freeing up valuable resources while also complying with stringent disclosure requirements.

• Contact.  Our Contact application eases the time commitment and burden of complying with racial and identity profiling stop data collection requirements in California and offers ways to gather additional insight for agency needs.  Developed in close collaboration with the California State DOJ as well as key city law enforcement agencies, this intelligent stop data collection application greatly reduces officer data collection time, minimizes review effort, and provides command staff immediate insight for training and other constituent transparency initiatives.

• iDERMS.  Our intelligent distributed energy resource management system is a software application used to forecast, optimize, and control distributed energy resources (“DERs”). It allows utilities, independent power producers, and microgrid developers to confidently balance demand and supply and maximize their DER investments.

Sales and Marketing

Software Products & Services

We conduct sales and marketing activities related to our Software Products & Services through a combination of our direct sales force and indirect channel partners such as value-added resellers (“VARs”), distributors, system integrators, managed services providers and referral partners.  Our direct sales organization is comprised of teams of business development managers, account executives and sales managers, who are supported by sales development representatives, sales engineers, solutions architects and other inside sales personnel. These sales teams are generally organized based on their specialized knowledge and expertise within each of our target markets. Our sales team collaborates closely with our product marketing, management and development teams to evaluate and develop solutions to address the needs of customers.

We have also established, and we intend to continue to expand, an indirect sales channel comprised of VARs, distributors and referral partners. We have entered into agreements with channel partners located in the United States and internationally. These agreements generally provide the channel partners with discounts below our standard prices, have terms of one year which automatically renew on an annual basis, and are generally terminable by either party for convenience following a specified notice period. Substantially all of our agreements with channel partners are nonexclusive; however, we allow channel partners to register sales opportunities through our deal registration program, in which case we may grant a channel partner priority to pursue an opportunity for a specified period of time, subject to certain conditions.

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Managed Services

We conduct sales and marketing activities relating to our digital content licensing Managed Services business through our direct sales representatives, who identify, develop and manage our relationships with strategic CE customers in the advertising, entertainment/documentary and network broadcasting industries. We maintain our commerce web portal, where stock content and select libraries can be licensed and downloaded directly, but the majority of our business is driven through high-value libraries that require an approval process in order to gain access. We also cross-sell additional products and services, including media management and aiWARE, to our content licensor partners.  

We market and sell our advertising Managed Services through a combination of our direct sales and indirect channel sales. We primarily market and sell directly to advertisers through outbound sales networking and client and partner referrals. Our indirect sales channel consists of referral partners who are mainly advertising agencies or marketing consultants who are unable to provide certain services to their clients, such as radio, podcast and YouTube placements. In addition to our sales efforts for new clients, we further expand sales opportunities and upsell through our campaign strategists who work directly with our advertising clients to optimize and enhance media spending on advertising campaigns.

Customers

Software Products & Services

We market and sell our Software Products & Services to customers in the CE and GRI markets. During 2021, ten customers accounted for approximately 81% of the total revenues from our Software Products & Services, with one customer accounting for approximately 57% of the total revenues from Software Products & Services.  As we continue to grow our revenues from our Software Products & Services across our markets, we believe that our dependence on any single customer or group of customers will be reduced.  

Managed Services

We market and sell our advertising Managed services to customers that make significant investments in advertising, particularly in native and spot-based advertising campaigns delivered over broadcast radio, satellite audio, streaming audio, podcasting, digital video services and other social media channels. During 2021, ten advertising customers accounted for approximately 43% of the total revenues from our Managed Services, with one customer accounting for approximately 11% of the total Managed Services revenues.    We market and sell our content licensing Managed Services to customers such as major sports networks, advertising agencies, and film production companies that require high value content for their broadcasts and projects.  During 2021, ten customers accounted for approximately 8% of the total revenues from our content licensing Managed Services.

Competition

Software Products & Services

The market for AI-enabled solutions is rapidly evolving and highly competitive, with new AI capabilities and solutions introduced by both large established players that target multiple vertical markets or enterprise functions, as well as smaller emerging companies developing point solutions that generally only address a single cognitive category or a specific industry segment.  We believe the following competitive attributes are necessary for us to successfully compete in the AI industry for CE and GRI customers for our Software Products & Services:

• Applications to enable our platform to be effectively leveraged for a wide variety of use cases;

• Ability to seamlessly utilize multiple AI models in the same and different classes;

• Breadth and depth of cognitive processing and other AI capabilities;

• Performance of AI models, particularly accuracy and speed;

• Availability of cloud-based and on-premises deployment models and functionality;

• Ease of deployment and integration;

• Platform scalability, reliability and security; and

• Cost of deploying and using our products.

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We believe that we compete favorably on the basis of the factors listed above. We believe that few of our competitors currently compete directly with us across all of our cognitive capabilities and vertical markets, and that none of our competitors currently deploy an AI operating system with an open ecosystem comprised of a comparable number of multiple proprietary and third party AI models that can be accessed by customers from a single integrated platform.

Competitors for our Software Products & Services fall into the following primary categories:

• Infrastructure-based cloud computing vendors offering cognitive processing services via APIs, such as IBM Watson via IBM Cloud, Microsoft Cognitive Services via Azure and Amazon Machine Learning via AWS;

• Smaller AI-focused vendors offering solutions within a single cognitive category such as facial recognition, object recognition, or natural language processing;

• Enterprise services and solutions providers that combine their services with technology developed in-house to address specific challenges for organizations, such as Palantir and C3.ai;

• System integrators that aggregate and integrate solutions from multiple underlying providers of cognitive services for clients, such as Accenture and Deloitte Consulting; and

• Providers of hardware and/or software solutions serving a particular market, which are incorporating into their solutions automated processing, search and/or data analytics capabilities that provide functionality similar to our industry targeted applications, including the following:

o In the media and entertainment market, providers of digital asset management systems;

o In the public safety market, providers of police body cameras and car recorders and associated content storage and management systems; and

o In the legal market, providers of eDiscovery solutions and/or associated hosting and managed services.

Managed Services

Competitors of our Managed Services are mainly traditional advertising agencies that are either large full-service agencies or smaller niche agencies with a particular specialization or focus, such as radio media placement or podcast advertising, as well as large consulting firms in the media industry. We believe that we currently, and will continue to, compete successfully against our competitors on several key factors. We are a leader in endorsed radio and podcast advertising services, and we leverage our platform to provide our customers with innovative technology that we believe provides them with better analytics and insights into their advertising campaigns than our competitors for superior advertising performance and optimization.

We do not currently face significant competition from third parties for our content licensing Managed Services, particularly in North America; however, many content owners choose to manage the licensing of their content in-house, and content owners that we currently represent may choose to license their content directly in the future.  We believe that we may face more competition in North America if new content licensing companies emerge or expand their business in the region. As we expand our content licensing services to international markets, we believe that we may face greater competition from established content licensing and talent management companies.  We believe that our ability to use the cognitive capabilities of aiWARE to enrich and enhance the searchability of content, and to leverage relationships with existing customers and vendors across our Managed Services business, gives us a competitive advantage over other content licensing companies and allows us to achieve greater benefits for content owners than they can achieve through their own in-house efforts. 

Research and Development

Our research and development organization is comprised of employees who are responsible for the design, development and testing of our AI and software solutions, including software engineers, quality engineers, data scientists, data engineers, product managers and user experience designers.  Our research and development organization is generally organized in teams, with one team focused on our core aiWARE architecture and capabilities and other teams focused on solutions and applications that address specific use cases in our key markets. We focus our efforts on developing new features and expanding the core technologies that further enhance the usability, functionality, reliability, performance and flexibility of aiWARE, as well as allow us to operate in new vertical markets.  In addition, we contract with select third-party engineering services to support development and quality assurance testing.  We plan to continue to make significant investments in developing our AI technologies, expanding the functionality and capabilities of aiWARE and related solutions, and building new software capabilities.

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Intellectual Property

We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws in the United States and other jurisdictions, as well as license agreements and other contractual protections, to protect our proprietary technology. We also rely on a number of registered and unregistered trademarks to protect our brand.

As of March 9, 2022, in the United States, we had 32 issued patents, which expire between 2027 and 2040, and had 10 patent applications pending for examination. As of such date, we also had 12 issued patents and 29 patent applications pending for examination in foreign jurisdictions (including international PCT applications), all of which are based on counterpart U.S. patent applications pursued by us. In addition, we have registered, or have applied for registration of, numerous trademarks, including Veritone and aiWARE, in the United States and in several foreign jurisdictions.  We seek to protect our intellectual property rights by implementing a policy that requires our employees and independent contractors involved in development of intellectual property on our behalf to enter into agreements acknowledging that all works or other intellectual property generated or conceived by them on our behalf are our property, and assigning to us any rights, including intellectual property rights, that they may claim or otherwise have in those works or property, to the extent allowable under applicable law.

Regulatory Environment

We are subject to a number of U.S. federal and state and foreign laws and regulations that involve matters central to our business. These laws and regulations involve privacy, data protection, intellectual property, competition, consumer protection and other subjects.

Our customers utilize our products and services to process, analyze and store data, which may contain personal information that is subject to data protection and privacy laws in various jurisdictions including the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”) and similar laws and regulations in other jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom and other states within the United States.   Under these data protection and privacy laws, we are required to maintain appropriate technical and organizational measures to ensure the security and protection of personal data and information, and we must comply (either directly or indirectly in support of our customers’ compliance efforts, as provided for in our contracts with customers) with a number of requirements with respect to individuals whose personal data or information we collect and process, including, among others, notification requirements and requirements to comply with requests from individuals to (i) opt out of collection, processing and/or sale of their data or information, (ii) delete their data or information, and (iii) receive copies of and other information regarding our collection and processing of their data or information.

The California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”), which will take effect on January 1, 2023, amends and expands the CCPA to include additional obligations of businesses with respect to collecting, processing and sharing personal information and responding to requests from consumers related to their personal information.  We will be obligated to comply with the CPRA and the regulations to be implemented thereunder commencing in January 2023.

Human Capital Resources

As of February 28, 2022, we had a total of 546 employees, substantially all of whom were full-time employees.

We believe that our employees are our greatest asset and our company culture is a critical component of our success.  We strive to create a work environment in which all employees feel a strong sense of community and embody our core values.  We have implemented a number of initiatives to ensure that our employees are engaged and motivated to work hard, and have fun at the same time.  We conduct employee engagement surveys to gauge employee satisfaction, identify areas for improvement and implement positive change to evolve and better our company culture.

We strive to hire, develop and retain the top talent in the industry. To attract top talent, we strive to offer competitive salaries, incentives, equity compensation and benefits.  We conduct a regular quarterly talent review process, in which we obtain employee feedback, evaluate performance, and establish goals, objectives and development plans for all employees.  We continuously monitor and evaluate employee turnover to identify and address areas of concern to improve employee retention.

Company Information

We were incorporated as a Delaware corporation on June 13, 2014. Our corporate headquarters are located at 2420 17^th Street, Office 3002, Denver, Colorado 80202. Our telephone number is (888) 507-1737. Our principal website address is www.veritone.com. The information provided on, or accessible through, our website is not a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, nor is such information incorporated by reference herein, and such information should not be relied upon in determining whether to make an investment in our common stock.

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Available Information

This Annual Report on Form 10-K and our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to reports filed or furnished pursuant to Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Exchange Act, are available free of charge on the investor relations section of our website at investors.veritone.com as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. We will also provide electronic or paper copies of such reports free of charge, upon request made to our Corporate Secretary at 2420 17^th Street, Office 3002, Denver, Colorado 80202. The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.

We use our investor relations website as a channel of distribution for important company information, including news and commentary about our business and financial performance, webcasts of our earnings calls and investor events, SEC filings, and corporate governance information, including information regarding our board of directors, our board committee charters and code of ethics. The information provided on, or accessible through, our investor relations website is not a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, nor is such information incorporated by reference herein, and such information should not be relied upon in determining whether to make an investment in our common stock.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

The following is a summary of certain risks we face in our business. They are not the only risks we face. Additional risks that we do not yet know of or that we currently believe are immaterial may also impair our business operations. If any of the events or circumstances described in the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could suffer, and the trading price of our common stock could decline. In assessing these risks, investors should also refer to the other information contained or incorporated by reference in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain statements contained in this section constitute forward-looking statements. See the information included in “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” on page ii of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Risks Related to Our Business and Our Financial Condition

Our efforts to expand our aiWARE SaaS business may not be successful.

In order for us to grow our business and achieve profitability, we must expand our revenue base by expanding our customer base and increasing our business with existing customers. We may not be able to succeed with respect to these efforts. Many factors may adversely affect our ability to grow the business for our aiWARE platform, including but not limited to:

• Failure to add market-specific applications to our aiWARE platform with sufficient levels of capability to provide compelling benefits to users in our target vertical markets;

• Failure to add AI models with sufficient levels of capability or trainability into our platform, difficulties integrating AI models, loss of access to, or increases in the cost of, AI models;

• Inability to expand the number of AI models in different classes that can operate in a network-isolated manner, which would limit the capabilities of aiWARE available in our FedRAMP environment or under private cloud, on-premises and hybrid deployment models;

• Difficulties in adding technical capabilities to our platform and ensuring future compatibility of additional third party providers;

• Failure to articulate the perceived benefits of our solution, or to generate broad customer acceptance of or interest in our solutions;

• Introduction of competitive offerings by larger, better financed and more well-known companies;

• Introduction of new products or technologies that have performance and/or cost advantages over our aiWARE platform;

• Inability to integrate our platform with products of other companies to pursue particular vertical markets, or the failure of such relationships to achieve their anticipated benefits;

• Long and complex sales cycles, particularly for customers in the government and energy markets; and

• Challenges in operating our platform on secure government cloud platforms and complying with government security requirements.

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If we fail to develop a successful business for our aiWARE platform, our business, results of operations and financial condition will suffer.

The market for AI-based software applications is new and unproven and may decline or experience limited growth, and concerns over the use of AI may hinder the adoption of AI technologies, which would adversely affect our ability to fully realize the potential of our platform.

The market for AI-based software applications is relatively new and evaluating the size and scope of the market is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. We believe that our future success will depend in large part on the growth of this market. The utilization of our platform by customers is still relatively new, and customers may not recognize the need for, or benefits of, our platform, which may prompt them to cease use of our platform or decide to adopt alternative products and services to satisfy their cognitive computing, search and analytics requirements. Our ability to access and extend our position in the markets that our platform is designed to address depends upon a number of factors, including the cost, performance and perceived value of our platform. Market opportunity estimates are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates, including our internal analysis and industry experience. Assessing the market for our solutions is particularly difficult for several reasons, including limited available information and rapid evolution of the market.

In addition, as with many developing technologies, AI presents risks and challenges that could hinder its further development, adoption and use in the markets that we serve. AI algorithms may be flawed, datasets may be insufficient or contain biased information, and the results and analyses that our AI solutions assist in producing may be deficient or inaccurate.  Further, use of AI technologies in certain scenarios present ethical concerns. Though our technologies and business practices are designed to mitigate many of these risks, if we enable or offer AI solutions that produce deficient or inaccurate results and analyses, or that are controversial due to human rights, privacy or other social issues, we may experience lower-than-expected demand for our products and services, or competitive, brand or reputational harm.

If the market for AI-based solutions does not experience significant growth, or if demand for our platform does not increase in line with our projections, then our business, results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected.

We may require additional capital to support our business growth, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.

We intend to continue to make investments to support our business, including the acquisition of complementary businesses or technologies, which may require additional funds. Accordingly, we may engage in equity and/or debt financings to secure additional funds If we raise additional funds through future issuances of equity or convertible debt securities, our stockholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new equity securities we issue could have rights, preferences and privileges superior to those of holders of our common stock. Any debt financing that we may secure in the future could involve debt service obligations and restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities. We may not be able to obtain additional financing on terms favorable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us when we require it, our ability to continue to support our business growth, scale our infrastructure, develop product enhancements and to respond to business challenges could be significantly impaired, and our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

Our quarterly results may fluctuate significantly and period-to-period comparisons of our results may not be meaningful.

Our quarterly results, including the levels of our revenue, our operating expenses and other costs, and our operating margins, may fluctuate significantly in the future, and period-to-period comparisons of our results may not be meaningful. Accordingly, the results of any one period should not be relied upon as an indication of our future performance. In addition, our quarterly results may not fully reflect the underlying performance of our business. Factors that may cause fluctuations in our quarterly results include, but are not limited to:

• variations in the timing of revenues from our Software Products & Services, including PandoLogic, which experiences seasonal fluctuations in revenue consistent with the hiring cycles of its customers, and as a result of factors such as the timing of large projects, the length and complexity of our sales cycles and trends impacting our target vertical markets, and our revenue recognition policies and any changes thereto;

• variations in the timing of revenues from our content licensing services and our live event services as a result of factors such as timing of major sporting events throughout the year, or the postponement or cancellation of such events, and our revenue recognition policies and any changes thereto;

• the timing of advertising campaigns with our advertising clients;

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• seasonal factors affecting demand for our products or potential customers’ purchasing decisions, especially with regard to employer customers utilizing our talent acquisition software and services which we acquired from PandoLogic;

• continued strong demand for talent acquisition software and services in the U.S. and globally;

• the extent to which new customers are attracted to our talent acquisition software and services to satisfy their hiring needs;

• changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors;

• the amount and timing of operating expenses and other costs related to the maintenance and expansion of our business, infrastructure and operations;

• the amount and timing of operating expenses and other costs associated with marketing and sales efforts to acquire new customers and assessing or entering new vertical markets;

• the amount and timing of operating expenses and other costs related to the development or acquisition of businesses, services, technologies or intellectual property rights;

• the timing and impact of security breaches, service outages or other performance problems with our technology infrastructure and software solutions;

• the timing and costs associated with legal or regulatory actions;

• changes in the competitive dynamics of our industry, including consolidation among competitors, strategic partners or customers;

• industry conditions and trends that are specific to the vertical markets in which we sell or intend to sell our solutions; and

• general economic and market conditions.

Fluctuations in quarterly results may negatively impact the value of our common stock, regardless of whether they impact or reflect the overall performance of our business. If our quarterly results fall below the expectations of investors or any securities analysts who follow our stock, or below any guidance we may provide, the price of our common stock could decline substantially.

Certain of our operating results and financial metrics are difficult to predict as a result of seasonality.

Our PandoLogic talent acquisition software and services have historically experienced seasonality in terms of when we enter into customer agreements for our products and services. Consistent with the hiring patterns of our customers, a higher percentage of related revenue is earned in the fourth quarter of each year. Within a given quarter, often a significant portion of our agreements are signed toward the end of the quarter. This seasonality is reflected to a lesser extent in our revenue due to the fact that we generally recognize subscription revenue over the term of the customer agreement. We expect this seasonality to continue, which may cause fluctuations in certain of our operating results and financial metrics, and thus difficulties in predictability of our operating results.

We have had a history of losses and we may be unable to sustain profitability.

We experienced net losses of $51.1 million, $47.9 million, and $62.1 million in fiscal years 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, we had an accumulated deficit of $331.1 million. We only recently began to generate a profit, on a non-GAAP basis, and we may not be able to sustain profitability in the future or at all. We expect to continue to expend substantial financial and other resources on, among other things:

• investments to expand and enhance our platform and technology infrastructure, make improvements to the scalability, availability and security of our aiWARE platform, and develop new products;

• sales and marketing, including expanding our direct sales organization and marketing programs, and expanding our programs directed at increasing our brand awareness among current and new customers;

• hiring additional employees;

• expansion of our operations and infrastructure, both domestically and internationally; and

• general administration, including legal, accounting and other expenses.

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These investments may not result in increased revenue or growth of our business. We may not be able to generate net revenues sufficient to offset our expected cost increases and planned investments in our business and platform. As a result, we may incur significant losses for the foreseeable future, and may not be able to achieve and sustain profitability. If we fail to achieve and sustain profitability, then we may not be able to achieve our business plan, fund our business or continue as a going concern.

Failure to manage our growth effectively could increase our expenses, decrease our revenue and prevent us from implementing our business strategy.

We expect to continue to achieve substantial growth in our business, which will put a strain on our management and financial resources. To manage this and our anticipated future growth effectively, we must continue to maintain and enhance our aiWARE platform and information technology infrastructure, as well as our financial and accounting systems and controls. We also must attract, train and retain a significant number of qualified software developers and engineers, data scientists, technical and management personnel, sales and marketing personnel, customer support personnel and professional services personnel. Failure to effectively manage our rapid growth could lead us to over-invest or under-invest in development and operations, result in weaknesses in our platform, systems or controls, give rise to operational mistakes, losses, loss of productivity or business opportunities and result in loss of employees and reduced productivity of remaining employees. Our growth could require significant capital expenditures and might divert financial resources from other projects such as the development of new products and services. If our management is unable to effectively manage our growth, our expenses might increase more than expected, our revenue could decline or grow more slowly than expected, and we might be unable to implement our business strategy. The quality of our products and services might suffer, which could negatively affect our reputation and harm our ability to retain and attract customers.

We intend to continue to pursue the acquisition of other companies, businesses or technologies, which could be expensive, divert our management’s attention, fail to achieve the expected benefits and/or expose us to other risks or difficulties.

As part of our growth strategy, we have acquired, and we intend to continue to acquire, businesses, services, technologies or intellectual property rights that we believe could complement, expand or enhance the features and functionality of our aiWARE platform and our technical capabilities, broaden our service offerings or offer growth opportunities. In September 2021, we closed our acquisition of PandoLogic, a leading provider of intelligent hiring solutions that utilizes AI to accelerate the time and improve the efficiency in the process for employers hiring at scale for both mass market and difficult-to-source candidates. The pursuit of potential future acquisitions may divert the attention of management and cause us to incur various expenses in identifying, investigating and pursuing suitable acquisitions, whether or not such acquisitions are consummated. Acquisitions also could result in dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities, amortization expenses, impairment of goodwill and/or purchased long-lived assets, and restructuring charges, any of which could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition. In addition, we may face risks or experience difficulties in:

• effectively managing the combined business following the acquisition;

• managing any international operations of the acquired business;

• implementing operations, technologies, controls, procedures, and/or policies at the acquired company;

• integrating the acquired company’s accounting, human resource, and other administrative systems, and coordination of product, engineering, and sales and marketing functions;

• transitioning operations, users, and customers onto our existing platforms; harm to our existing relationships with partners, distributors, and customers, including as a result of competing in the markets in which such parties operate;

• the potential loss of key employees and customers;

• obtaining any required approvals on a timely basis, if at all, from governmental authorities, or conditions placed upon approval that could, among other things, delay or prevent us from completing a transaction, or otherwise restrict our ability to realize the expected financial or strategic goals of an acquisition or other strategic transaction;

• cultural challenges associated with integrating employees from the acquired company into our organization, and retention of employees from the businesses we acquire;

• volatility in earnings due to changes in contingent consideration related to acquisition earn-out liability estimates;

• achieving anticipated cross-selling opportunities and eliminating any redundant operations with respect to the acquired business;

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• liability for activities of the acquired company before the acquisition, including intellectual property infringement claims, privacy issues, violations of laws, commercial disputes, tax liabilities, and other known and unknown liabilities; and

• litigation or other claims in connection with the acquisition of the acquired company, including claims from terminated employees, customers, former stockholders, or other third parties.

We also may not achieve the anticipated benefits from the acquired business and may incur unanticipated costs and liabilities in connection with any such acquisitions. Additionally, if we are unable to complete an acquisition, we could lose market share to competitors who are able to make such an acquisition. Once an acquisition is closed, we may discover hidden costs, resource demands and potential liabilities that were not evident throughout the due diligence process, particularly when such process is undertaken on an accelerated timeline. Although we have begun utilizing representation and warranty insurance and regularly use standard indemnity provision in these acquisition transactions, if we are unable to successfully assert a claim, if a claim is not covered by insurance or if these hidden costs prove greater than expected, our operations as a whole may be adversely affected. In addition, a significant portion of the purchase price of companies we acquire may be allocated to acquired goodwill and other intangible assets, which must be assessed for impairment at least annually. If any of these results occurs, our business and financial results could be adversely affected.

Our recent acquisition of PandoLogic contains contingent consideration, the value of which may impact future operating results.

Our recent acquisition of PandoLogic includes contingent earn-out consideration, the fair value of a portion of which is estimated based on a Monte Carlo simulation model. These fair value estimates contain unobservable inputs and estimates that could materially differ from the actual future results. The fair value of the contingent earn-out consideration could increase or decrease, up to the contracted limit, as applicable. Changes in the fair value of contingent earn-outs will be reflected in our results of operations in the period in which they are recognized, the amount of which may be material and cause volatility in our operating results.

We plan to expand our international operations, which exposes us to significant risks.

As part of our growth strategy, we plan to expand our operations internationally. We have an office in Israel, and we expect, in the future, to open offices and hire employees in additional locations outside of the United States to reach new customers and gain access to additional technical talent. Operating in international markets requires significant resources and management attention and will subject us to additional regulatory, economic and political risks. Because of our limited experience with international operations as well as developing and managing sales in international markets, our international expansion efforts may not be successful. In addition, we will face risks in doing business internationally that could adversely affect our business, including, but not limited to:

• the difficulty of managing and staffing international operations and the increased operating, travel, infrastructure and legal compliance costs associated with numerous international locations;

• the need to establish and manage additional instances of our aiWARE platform in other countries;

• our ability to effectively price our products in competitive international markets;

• the need to adapt and localize our products for specific countries and to offer customer support in various languages;

• difficulties in understanding and complying with U.S. and foreign laws, regulations and customs relating to U.S. companies operating in foreign jurisdictions;

• ensuring compliance with export controls, economic sanctions and anti-corruption laws, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and UK Bribery Act;

• currency exchange rate fluctuations and related effects on our revenues and expenses and customer demand for our services;

• the cost and potential outcomes of any international claims or litigation;

• adverse tax consequences and tax rulings;

• economic and political instability in some countries;

• difficulties in understanding and complying with local laws, regulations and customs in foreign jurisdictions, particularly in the areas of data privacy and personal privacy, employment and tax; and

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• more limited protection for intellectual property rights in some countries.

Our failure to manage any of these risks successfully could harm our international operations, and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our business has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the continuing impacts of COVID-19 are highly unpredictable and could have a significant adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows in the future.

The COVID-19 outbreak emerged in late 2019 and was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Governments around the world have instituted measures to control the spread of COVID-19, including quarantines, stay at home orders, restrictions on public gatherings and travel, and restrictions and/or closures of schools and non-essential businesses. The extent of these measures has fluctuated over the past two years, as certain regions have experienced declines only to be followed by increases in the number of cases and severity of the outbreak in those same regions. The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and will likely continue to have, a severe negative impact on the global economy. Although many countries have robust vaccination programs underway, many other countries are facing challenges in obtaining and distributing vaccines and new variants of COVID-19 have been identified leading to the further spread of the virus; as a result, it is uncertain how quickly and effectively such vaccinations will ultimately help to control the spread of COVID-19.

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business remain uncertain and difficult to predict, but may include, without limitation, the following, each of which could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows:

• We have experienced, and may continue to experience, reduced demand for certain of our products and services from customers whose businesses have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, beginning in March 2020, we began to experience fluctuations in demand for our Managed Services due to the cancellation or postponement of major live sporting events in the United States due to COVID-19. While many major sporting events have resumed, future cancellations of live sporting events could have a material adverse impact on our revenue generated from our Managed Services in future quarters. In addition, we have experienced, and may continue to experience, delays by certain customers in making purchase decisions for our products and services due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their businesses, including changes in priorities and/or budget allocations, resulting in longer sales cycles and loss of sales.

• The COVID-19 pandemic has also resulted in significant levels of unemployment in the United States which may affect the overall demand for our PandoLogic talent acquisition software and services. Additionally, certain industry sectors that comprise part of our customer base and spend heavily on talent recruitment may see prolonged financial difficulties that may result in further delays or reductions in talent acquisition software and services spending. We could experience disruptions in our operations as a result of continued office closures and risks associated with our employees working remotely. In compliance with government mandates, we have temporarily closed our offices and initiated a remote work from home policy, which may limit the effectiveness and productivity of our employees.

• We may be unable to collect amounts due on billed and unbilled revenue if our customers delay payment or fail to pay us under the terms of our agreements as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their businesses. As a result, our cash flows could be adversely impacted, which could affect our ability to fund our operations.

• Our forecasted revenue, operating results and cash flows could vary materially from those we provide as guidance or from those anticipated by investors and analysts if the assumptions on which we base our financial projections are inaccurate as a result of the unpredictability of the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic will have on our business, our customers’ businesses and the global markets and economy.

• An increase in cyber incidents during the COVID-19 pandemic and our increased reliance on a remote workforce could increase our exposure to potential cybersecurity breaches and attacks.

The ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows is dependent on future developments, including the severity and duration of the pandemic, actions that have been and may be taken by governmental authorities, the impact on the businesses of our customers, and the duration of the resulting macroeconomic conditions, all of which are uncertain and are difficult to predict at this time.

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Unfavorable conditions in our industry or the global markets, or reductions in consumer spending, could limit our ability to grow our business and negatively affect our operating results.

Our operating results may vary based on the impact of changes in our industry or the global economy on us or our customers. The U.S. and other major international economies have historically undergone cyclical downturns that have resulted in a material weakening of the economy, tightened credit supply, a reduction in business confidence and activity, and other difficulties that may affect one or more of the industries to which we sell our products and services. In addition, developments such as the U.K. exit from the European Union, referred to as “Brexit,” evolving trade policies between the U.S. and other international trade partners, conflicts in Europe, the Middle East and elsewhere, and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have created many economic and political uncertainties that have impacted worldwide markets.

These global economic and political conditions may impact our business in a number of ways. For example, our PandoLogic talent acquisition software and services are sold to businesses that fluctuate based on general economic and business conditions, particularly the overall demand for labor and the economic health of current and prospective employers. In addition, a portion of our talent acquisition software and services revenue is attributable to the number of users of our products at each of our customers, which in turn is influenced by the employment and hiring patterns of our customers and potential customers. To the extent that economic uncertainty or attenuated economic conditions cause our customers and potential customers to freeze or reduce their headcount, demand for our products and services may be negatively affected. These adverse conditions could result in reductions in sales of our applications, longer sales cycles, reductions in contract duration and value, slower adoption of new technologies and increased price competition. In addition, economic recessions have historically resulted in overall reductions in spending on software and technology solutions as well as pressure from customers and potential customers for extended billing terms. If economic, political, or market conditions deteriorate, or if there is uncertainty around these conditions, our customers and potential customers may elect to decrease their software and technology solutions budgets by deferring or reconsidering product purchases, which would limit our ability to grow our business and negatively affect our operating results. Any of these events would likely have an adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial position.

Servicing our debt requires a significant amount of cash, and we may not have sufficient cash flow from our operations to pay our substantial debt.

We recently issued an aggregate principal amount of $201.3 million of convertible senior notes.  Our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal of, to pay interest on or to refinance our indebtedness, including the convertible senior notes, depends on our future performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive and other factors beyond our control. Our business may not continue to generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to service our debt and make necessary capital expenditures. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as selling assets, restructuring debt or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to refinance our indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on our debt obligations.

Risks Related to the Development and Operation of Our aiWARE Platform

If we are not able to enhance our products or introduce new products that achieve market acceptance and keep pace with technological developments, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.

Our ability to attract new customers and increase revenue from existing customers depends in part on our ability to enhance and improve our aiWARE platform and applications and introduce new products and features, including enhancements necessary to provide substantially all of the features and functionality of the platform within a private cloud or on-premises environment, as well as new applications to address additional customer use cases. The success of any enhancements or new products depends on several factors, including timely completion, adequate quality testing, actual performance quality, market-accepted pricing levels and overall market acceptance and demand. Enhancements and new products that we develop may not be introduced in a timely or cost-effective manner, may contain defects, may have interoperability difficulties with our aiWARE platform, or may not achieve the market acceptance necessary to generate significant revenue. If we are unable to successfully enhance our aiWARE platform and applications to meet evolving customer requirements and develop new products and applications, or if our efforts to increase the usage of our aiWARE platform are more expensive than we expect, then our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.

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Our competitors, partners or others may acquire third party technologies used in our aiWARE platform, which could result in them blocking us from using the technology in our aiWARE platform, offering it for free to the public or making it cost prohibitive for us to continue to incorporate their technologies in our platform, or these third party technology providers may otherwise terminate their relationships with us, which could adversely affect the functionality of our platform.

Our success depends in part on our ability to attract, incorporate and maintain high performing AI models on our platform. If any third party acquires an AI model that is on our platform, they may preclude us from using it as a component of our platform or make it more expensive for us to utilize.  In addition, a third-party AI model provider may terminate its relationship with us or may otherwise cease to make its AI models available to us. In either case, if that AI model has unique capabilities or a significant performance advantage over other models and we are unable to identify a suitable replacement model, the interruption could cause us to lose customers. It is also possible that a third party acquirer of such technology could offer the AI models and technologies to the public as a free add-on capability, in which case certain of our customers would have less incentive to pay us for the use of our platform. If a key third party technology becomes unavailable to us or is impractical for us to continue to use, the functionality of our platform could be interrupted, and our expenses could increase as we search for an alternative technology. As a result, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected through the loss of customers, reputational harm and/or from increased operating costs.

We rely on third parties to develop AI models for our platform and in some cases to integrate them with our platform.

A key element of our aiWARE platform is the ability to incorporate and integrate AI models developed by multiple third-party vendors, and we plan to continue to increase the number of third-party AI models incorporated into our aiWARE platform in order to enhance the performance and power of our platform. As we work to add new AI models to our platform, we may encounter difficulties in identifying additional high-quality AI models (particularly high performing, specialized models), entering into agreements for their inclusion in our ecosystem on acceptable terms or at all and/or in coordinating and integrating their technologies into our system. We may incur additional costs to modify and adjust existing functionalities of our platform to accommodate multiple classes of AI models, without the assurance that such costs can be recouped by the additional revenues generated by the new capabilities. As aiWARE becomes more complex and as we release enhancements to our platform that require changes to AI models, we may not be able to integrate third-party AI models in a seamless or timely manner due to a number of factors, including incompatible software, lack of cooperation from developers, insufficient internal technical resources, platform security constraints, and the inability to secure the necessary licenses or legal authorizations required. In addition, we have established a self-service development environment in which such third party developers integrate their AI models onto our platform, and we will be dependent in part upon their ability to do so effectively and quickly. We may not have full control over the quality and performance of third-party providers, and therefore, any unexpected deficiencies or problems arising from these third-party providers may cause significant interruptions in the operation of our platform. The failure of third party developers to integrate their AI models seamlessly into our platform and/or provide reliable, scalable services may impact the reliability of our platform and harm our reputation and business, results of operations and financial condition.

If we are not able to develop a strong brand for our aiWARE platform and increase market awareness of our company and our platform, then our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

We believe that the success of our platform will depend in part on our ability to develop a strong brand identity for our “Veritone”, “aiWARE” and other service marks, and to increase the market awareness of our platform and its capabilities. We are still in the early development stage of our business and, as such, our brand is not yet well established.  The successful promotion of our brand will depend largely on our continued marketing efforts and our ability to ensure that our technology provides the expected benefits to our customers. We also believe that it is important for us to be thought leaders in the AI-based cognitive computing market. Our brand promotion and thought leadership activities may not be successful or produce increased revenue. In addition, independent industry analysts often provide reviews of our platform and of competing products and services, which may significantly influence the perception of our aiWARE platform in the marketplace. If these reviews are negative or not as positive as reviews of our competitors’ products and services, then our brand may be harmed.

The promotion of our brand also requires us to make substantial expenditures, and we anticipate that these expenditures will increase as our industry becomes more competitive and as we seek to expand into new markets. These higher expenditures may not result in any increased revenue or in revenue that is sufficient to offset the higher expense levels. If we do not successfully maintain and enhance our brand, then our business may not grow, we may see our pricing power reduced relative to competitors and we may lose customers, all of which would adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

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Interruptions or performance problems associated with our technology and infrastructure, or that of our third party service providers including AWS and Azure, may adversely affect our business and operating results.

Our business success depends in part on the ability of customers to access our Software Products & Services and Managed Services at any time and within an acceptable amount of time. We have experienced, and may in the future experience, disruptions, outages and other performance problems due to a variety of factors, including infrastructure changes, introductions of new applications and functionality, software errors and defects, capacity constraints due to an increasing number of users accessing our platform or initiating large volumes of processing simultaneously, or security related incidents. In addition, we rely on third parties, including AWS and Azure, for hosting, storage and other critical services required to operate our Software Products & Services and Managed Services and, as such, we are vulnerable to service interruptions, delays and outages experienced or caused by these third parties.  Because we also incorporate diverse software and hosted services from many third-party vendors, we may encounter difficulties and delays in integrating and synthesizing these applications and programs, which may cause downtimes or other performance problems. It may become increasingly difficult to maintain and improve the performance of our platform, especially during peak usage times and as our platform becomes more complex and usage increases.

Certain of our customer contracts include service level obligations, including system uptime commitments and/or required response times in the case of technical issues. If our Software Products & Services and Managed Services are unavailable or if our users are unable to access them within a reasonable amount of time or at all, we may be in breach of our contractual obligations, we may be required to issue credits or refunds to customers, and/or our customers may be entitled to terminate their contracts with us.

AWS and Azure provide us with hosting, computing and storage services pursuant to agreements that may be cancelled under certain circumstances. If any of our agreements with AWS or Azure is terminated, we could experience interruptions on our platform and in our ability to make our platform available to customers, as well as delays and additional expenses in arranging alternative cloud infrastructure services.

Any of the above circumstances or events may harm our reputation, cause customers to stop using our platform, impair our ability to increase revenue from existing customers, impair our ability to grow our customer base, subject us to financial penalties and liabilities under our service level agreements and otherwise harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

The security of our platform, networks or computer systems may be breached, and any unauthorized access to our customer data will have an adverse effect on our business and reputation.

The use of our aiWARE platform involves the storage, transmission and processing of our customers’ private data, and this private media may contain confidential and proprietary information, including personal information, of our customers, their employees or third parties. The data processed and stored in our platform by customers in the government market may contain highly sensitive data that is subject to protection under government regulations, and we are obligated to comply with stringent requirements related to the security of such data, such as FedRAMP and Criminal Justice Information Services (“CJIS”) security requirements.  

Individuals or entities may attempt to penetrate our network or platform security, or that of our third-party hosting and storage providers, and could gain access to our customers’ data.  In addition, our platform may be subject to computer malware, viruses and computer hacking, fraudulent use attempts and phishing attacks, all of which have become more prevalent in our industry. These malicious activities could result in the destruction, disclosure or misappropriation of proprietary or confidential information of our customers, their employees or third parties, and/or damage to our platform. If any of our customers’ data is accessed, disclosed, modified or destroyed without authorization, it could harm our reputation, those customers or other customers could terminate their agreements with us, or we could be exposed to civil and criminal liability, penalties and fines.  

While we have implemented procedures and safeguards that are designed to prevent security breaches and cyber-attacks, they may not be able to protect against all attempts to breach our systems, and we may not become aware in a timely manner of any such security breach. Unauthorized access to or security breaches of our platform, network or computer systems, or those of our technology service providers or third party vendors, could result in the loss of business, reputational damage, regulatory investigations and orders, litigation, indemnity obligations, damages for contract breach, civil and criminal penalties for violation of applicable laws, regulations or contractual obligations, and significant costs, fees and other monetary payments for remediation. If we fail to maintain reliability, security and availability of our platform, or if customers believe that our platform does not provide adequate security for the storage of sensitive information or its transmission over the Internet, we may lose existing customers and we may not be able to attract new customers. If we experience security breaches or cyber-attacks or fail to comply with security requirements related to our secure government cloud environment, we may lose our ability to obtain or maintain a FedRAMP certification, which could result in the loss of business from customers in the government market.  Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position.

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Risks Related to Target Markets, Competition and Customers

The success of our business depends on our ability to expand into new vertical markets and attract new customers in a cost-effective manner.

In order to grow our business, we plan to drive greater awareness and adoption of our aiWARE platform, applications and services from enterprises across new vertical markets, including the energy, government, and legal and compliance markets. We intend to continue to invest in sales and marketing, as well as in technological development, to meet evolving customer needs in these and other markets. We may not be successful in gaining new customers in any or all of these markets. Some markets may present unique and unexpected challenges and difficulties. For example, in order for us to offer our Software Products & Services to certain government customers, we are required to operate our aiWARE platform in a secure government cloud environment, and in some cases, in a private cloud environment or an on-premises environment, in order to meet these customers’ requirements and to enable them to maintain compliance with applicable regulations that govern the use, storage and transfer of certain government data. However, due to the secure nature of these environments, at this time, not all of the functionalities, features and cognitive processing capabilities of our aiWARE platform are available in these environments, which may limit or reduce the performance and quality of our services. Furthermore, we may incur additional costs to modify our current platform to conform to customers’ or cloud providers’ requirements, and we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue to offset these costs. We are also required to comply with certain regulations required by government customers, such as FedRAMP and CJIS, which require us to incur significant costs, devote management time and modify our current platform and operations. If we are unable to comply with those regulations effectively and in a cost-effective manner, our financial results could be adversely affected.

As part of our strategy to penetrate new vertical markets, we will incur marketing expenses before we are able to recognize any revenue in such markets, and these expenses may not result in increased revenue or brand awareness. We have made in the past, and may make in the future, significant expenditures and investments in new marketing campaigns, and these investments may not lead to the cost-effective acquisition of additional customers. If we are unable to maintain effective marketing programs, then our ability to attract new customers or enter new vertical markets could be adversely affected.

Recent and proposed laws regarding the use of facial recognition technology could have a material adverse effect on demand for certain of our products.

Certain of our Software Products & Services, particularly our IDentify face matching application for law enforcement agencies, utilize facial recognition technology.  Facial recognition technology has recently been the subject of increasing concern and criticism regarding the potential for the technology to misidentify individuals as criminal suspects, and to be used in ways that infringe on individual rights.  In June 2020, legislation was introduced in the U.S. Senate that would ban the use of facial recognition technology by Federal agencies and make federal funding for state and local law enforcement contingent on their enactment of similar bans.  In addition, legislation has been introduced in over 15 state legislatures that would ban or restrict the use of the technology by governmental agencies in those jurisdictions, and several U.S. cities, including San Francisco, California, Oakland, California and Somerville, Massachusetts, have already enacted such bans.  If such bans are enacted, potential government customers for our IDentify solution in that jurisdiction would be prohibited from using the technology unless and until the ban is lifted.  If such bans are enacted in a significant number of jurisdictions, it would have a material adverse effect on the market for software solutions that utilize facial recognition technology, including our IDentify solution.

Similarly, data privacy laws have been enacted in a number of jurisdictions and have been introduced in several additional states, which regulate the collection of certain personal information regarding individuals, including their facial images, and the use of such data, including in facial recognition systems.  Such laws may have the effect of limiting the potential demand for our aiWARE platform for non-governmental use cases that utilize facial recognition technology, which could adversely impact our ability to grow our business in those areas.  

If we are not able to compete effectively, our business and operating results will be harmed.

While the market for AI-based systems for search and analysis of audio, video and other unstructured data is still in the early stages of development, we face competition from various sources, including large, well-capitalized technology companies such as Google, Microsoft, Amazon and IBM. In the case of PandoLogic, the market for talent acquisition software and services is highly competitive, rapidly evolving and fragmented, and we face competition from programmatic job advertising software companies, traditional human capital management (HCM) companies, companies primarily focused on offering applicant tracking systems, and providers of point solutions for specific use cases such as for recruitment marketing, and these companies include, without limitation, Oracle and SAP.

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Our large competitors may have better brand name recognition, greater financial and engineering resources and larger sales and marketing teams than we have. As a result, these competitors may be able to develop and introduce, or acquire companies that may be able to develop and introduce, competing solutions and technologies that may have greater capabilities than ours or that are able to achieve greater customer acceptance, and they may be able to respond more quickly and effectively than we can to new or changing opportunities, technologies, standards or customer requirements. Some customers may also be hesitant to use a new platform and prefer to upgrade products offered by their incumbent platforms for reasons including price, quality, sophistication, familiarity and global presence. In addition, we may compete with smaller competitors, including developers of AI models, who may develop their own solutions that perform similar services as our platform for specific use cases, as well as with systems integrators that aggregate and integrate cognitive solutions from multiple providers for their clients. The competitive factors in our market include, but are not limited to, product features, reliability, performance and effectiveness; integration with a wide variety of third-party applications and systems; modern and intuitive technology and user experience; ability to innovate and rapidly respond to customer needs; breadth and depth of application functionality; adherence to industry standards and certifications; strength of sales and marketing efforts; quality of customer support; brand awareness and reputation; size and composition of customer base and level of user adoption; and price and cost of ownership. We expect that competition will increase and intensify as we continue to expand our serviceable markets and the capabilities of our aiWARE platform. Increased competition may result in pricing pressures and require us to incur additional sales and marketing expenses, which could negatively impact our sales, profitability and market share.

PandoLogic generates substantial revenue from a single customer and the loss of such customer may harm our business, results of operations and financial results.

PandoLogic generates substantial revenue from a single customer for which there is no long-term contract with us. In the event this customer decides to terminate its contract with us, suffers downturns in its business leading to a reduction in its budget for our talent acquisition software and services, or decides to develop a competing solution or otherwise take its recruitment and hiring needs in-house, and we are unable to obtain additional customers or increase our revenue from existing customers to offset the reduction of these revenues, we could experience a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and reported revenue and results of operation.

Technological advances may significantly disrupt the labor market and weaken demand for human capital at a rapid rate.

The success of our PandoLogic talent acquisition software and services business is dependent on our employer customers’ demands for talent. As technology continues to evolve, more tasks currently performed by people may be replaced by automation, robotics, machine learning, artificial intelligence and other technological advances outside of our control. This trend poses a risk to the talent acquisition industry as a whole, particularly in lower-skill job categories that may be more susceptible to such replacement.

Significant segments of the market for talent acquisition software and services may have hiring needs and service preferences that are subject to greater volatility than the overall economy.

The target customer segment for our PandoLogic talent acquisition software and services business spans a wide range of company characteristics, including company size, geography, and industry, among other factors. Hiring activity may vary significantly among businesses with different characteristics and accordingly, any concentration we may have among businesses with certain characteristics may subject us to high volatility in our financial results. Smaller businesses, for example, typically have less persistent hiring needs and may experience greater volatility in their need for talent acquisition software and services and preferences among providers of such services. Along with a relatively short sales cycle, smaller businesses may be more likely to change platforms based on short-term differences in perceived price, value, service level, or other factors. Difficulty in acquiring and/or retaining these businesses as customers may adversely affect our operating results.

We currently generate significant revenue from a limited number of key customers and the loss of any of our key customers may harm our business, results of operations and financial results.

Our ten largest customers by revenue accounted for approximately 57%, 34% and 24% of our net revenues in fiscal years 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. One customer accounted for approximately 30% of net revenues in fiscal year 2021 after not generating significant revenues in fiscal years 2020 and 2019.

Ten customers accounted for approximately 81% of our total Software Products & Services revenues in 2021, with one customer accounting for approximately 57% of our total Software Products & Services revenues. Ten customers accounted for approximately 43% of our total Managed Services revenues in 2021, with one customer accounting for approximately 11% of our total Managed Services revenues.

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If any of our key customers, particularly our key advertising customers which have the ability to terminate our agreements on short notice, decides to terminate or not to renew its contract with us, renews on less favorable terms, or suffers downturns in its business leading to a reduction in its marketing spending, and we are not able to gain additional customers or increase our revenue from other customers to offset the reduction of revenues, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be harmed.

Our sales efforts related to our Software Products & Services involve considerable time and expense and our sales cycle is often long and unpredictable.

Our results of operations may fluctuate, in part, because of the length and unpredictability of our sales cycle, particularly in our Government & Regulated Industries markets. As part of our sales efforts, we invest considerable time and expense evaluating the specific organizational needs of our potential customers and educating these potential customers about the technical capabilities and value of our Software Products & Services. Potential customers often require evaluation licenses at no charge or for nominal fees in order to evaluate our solutions before making a purchase decision.  Sales to government customers are also subject to lengthy and complex procurement processes, including technology and security assessments, budget approvals and competitive bidding requirements. Due to these factors, our sales cycle often lasts several months or more for some customers. Our sales efforts typically require a significant investment of human resources expense and time, including efforts by sales engineers, solution architects, product development and senior management, and we may not be successful in making a sale to a potential customer. If our sales efforts to a potential customer do not result in sufficient revenue to justify our investments, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Advertising customers periodically review and change their advertising requirements and relationships. If we are unable to remain competitive or retain key customers, our business, results of operations and financial position may be adversely affected.

The media placement industry is highly competitive, and certain advertising customers periodically put their advertising and marketing business up for competitive review. Customers also review the cost and benefit of servicing all or a portion of their advertising and marketing needs in-house. We have won and lost accounts in the past as a result of these reviews. Because our advertising contracts generally can be cancelled by our customers upon 30 to 90 days’ prior written notice, clients can easily change media providers on short notice without any penalty.  In addition, from time to time, customers cancel media campaigns for their internal business reasons. For example, we received total net revenues from one advertising customer of $1.2 million in 2018 compared with only $0.9 million in 2019, $0.1 million in 2020, and no revenues from this customer in 2021, due to a significant reduction in the customer’s overall advertising spend. If we are not able to retain key customers, or if any of our key customers significantly reduce their advertising spend, our revenue may be adversely affected, which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position.

Acquiring and retaining advertising customers depends on our ability to avoid and manage conflicts of interest arising from other customer relationships and attracting and retaining key personnel.

Our ability to acquire new advertising customers and to retain existing customers may, in some cases, be limited by customers’ perceptions of, or policies concerning, conflicts of interest arising from other customer relationships. If we are unable to manage these customer relationships and avoid potential conflicts of interest, our business, results of operations and financial position may be adversely affected.

Our ability to acquire new advertising customers and to retain existing customers is dependent in large part upon our ability to attract and retain our key personnel in that business, who are an important aspect of our competitiveness. If we are unable to attract and retain key personnel, our ability to provide our services in the manner customers have come to expect may be adversely affected, which could harm our reputation and result in a loss of customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position.

Risks Related to Intellectual Property

We face risks arising from our digital content licensing services, including potential liability resulting from claims by third parties for infringement or violation of copyrights, publicity or other rights, as well as indemnification claims by rights holders and customers.

We manage and license digital content on behalf of leading rights holders in the film, television, sports and advertising industries. We enter into agreements with rights holders under which they grant us the right to distribute and license their content to third parties, subject to certain restrictions and requirements, such as limitations on the type and/or duration of use

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and requirements to obtain clearances and consents from third parties related to the content. Under these agreements, the rights holders generally represent and warrant that they have the right to license the content to us and that the authorized use of the content will not infringe any third party copyrights and agree to indemnify us for claims arising from breach of such representations and warranties. However, we, and/or our customers to which we sublicense the content, are generally responsible for obtaining all required clearances, permissions and consents with respect to any specific person, place, property or subject matter depicted in the content, each of which may be subject to trademarks, rights of publicity, property rights or other rights belonging to third parties, and we generally agree to indemnify the right holders with respect to claims arising from any failure to do so. In many cases, our agreements with rights holders also require that we include specific terms, conditions, covenants and obligations in our agreements with our customers.

In our license agreements with customers, we represent and warrant that we have the right to sublicense the content to them and that their authorized use of the content will not infringe any third party copyrights, and we agree to indemnify our customers for claims arising from breach of such representations and warranties. However, our customers are generally responsible for obtaining all necessary clearances, permissions and consents from third parties, unless we have expressly agreed to provide clearance services with respect to the content, and our customers generally agree to indemnify us for claims arising from their failure to do so. If we or our customers fail to obtain all clearances, permissions and consents from third parties required for the customers’ use of licensed content, or if our customers otherwise use content in a manner not authorized by the terms of our agreements with the rights holders, then third parties may bring claims against us and the rights holders, and the rights holders may seek indemnification from us related to such claims. In some cases, we may not be entitled to a supporting indemnification by our customers, or we may not be successful in enforcing our rights to indemnification by our customers. In addition, third parties may bring claims against us and our customers for copyright infringement, and we may be required to indemnify our customers for such claims. Similarly, we may not be entitled to indemnification by the rights holders, or we may not be able to enforce our rights to indemnification by the rights holders.  

While we use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that we comply with all terms and conditions pertaining to the licensing and sublicensing of digital content, and to provide for appropriate protections related to third party claims in our agreements with right holders and customers, we may incur significant liabilities and costs in the event of claims for infringement or violation of copyrights, publicity or other rights, and/or indemnification claims by rights holders and customers. Regardless of their merit and outcome, intellectual property and indemnification claims are time consuming, expensive to litigate or settle and cause significant diversion of management attention and could severely harm our financial condition and reputation, and adversely affect our business.

We maintain insurance policies to cover potential intellectual property disputes. However, if an intellectual property claim or related indemnification claim, or a series of claims, is brought against us in excess of our insurance coverage or for uninsured liabilities, our business could suffer. In addition, we may not be able to maintain insurance coverage at a reasonable cost or in sufficient amounts or scope to protect us against all losses.

We may be sued by third parties for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

There has been considerable patent and other intellectual property development activity in the AI industry, which has resulted in litigation based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. Our future success depends, in part, on not infringing the intellectual property rights of others. In the future, we may receive claims from third parties, including our competitors, alleging that our platform and underlying technology infringe or violate such third party’s intellectual property rights, and we may be found to be infringing upon such rights. We may be unaware of the intellectual property rights of others that may cover some or all of our technology. In addition, in operating our platform, we rely significantly on software provided by third parties, including AI models and applications, and we may become subject to similar infringement claims related to such third party software.  We may not have adequate indemnities from, or we may not be successful in enforcing our rights to indemnification by, such third party software providers.

Any such claims or litigation could cause us to incur significant expenses and, if successfully asserted against us, could require that we pay substantial damages or ongoing royalty payments, prevent us from offering some portion of our platform, or require that we comply with other unfavorable terms. We may also be obligated to indemnify our customers or business partners in connection with any such litigation and to obtain licenses or modify our platform, which could further exhaust our resources. Patent infringement, trademark infringement, trade secret misappropriation and other intellectual property claims and proceedings brought against us, whether successful or not, could harm our brand, business, results of operations and financial condition. Litigation is inherently uncertain, and any judgment or injunctive relief entered against us or any adverse settlement could negatively affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, litigation can involve significant management time and attention and be expensive, regardless of the outcome. During the course of litigation, there may be announcements of the results of hearings and motions and other interim developments related to the litigation. If securities analysts or investors regard these announcements as negative, the trading price of our common stock may decline.

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We could incur substantial costs in protecting or defending our intellectual property rights, and any failure to protect our intellectual property could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to protect our brand and the proprietary methods and technologies that we develop under patent and other intellectual property laws of the United States and foreign jurisdictions so that we can prevent others from using our inventions and proprietary information. As of March 9, 2022, in the United States, we had 32 issued patents, which expire between 2027 and 2040, and had 10 patent applications pending for examination. As of such date, we also had 12 issued patents and 29 patent applications pending for examination in foreign jurisdictions (including international PCT applications), all of which are based on counterpart U.S. patent applications pursued by us.  We may not be issued any additional patents and any patents that have been issued or that may be issued in the future may not provide significant protection for our intellectual property. In addition, we have registered, or have applied for registration of, numerous trademarks, including Veritone and aiWARE, in the United States and in several foreign jurisdictions. If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights adequately, our competitors might gain access to our technology and our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

The particular forms of intellectual property protection that we seek, or our business decisions about when to file patent applications and trademark applications, may not be adequate to protect our business. We could be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect our intellectual property rights. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, determine the validity and scope of our proprietary rights or those of others, or defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. Such litigation could be costly, time-consuming and distracting to management, result in a diversion of significant resources, lead to the narrowing or invalidation of portions of our intellectual property and have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, counterclaims and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights or alleging that we infringe the counterclaimant’s own intellectual property. Any of our patents, copyrights, trademarks or other intellectual property rights could be challenged by others or invalidated through administrative process or litigation.

We also rely, in part, on confidentiality agreements with our business partners, employees, consultants, advisors, customers and others in our efforts to protect our proprietary technology, processes and methods. These agreements may not effectively prevent disclosure of our confidential information, and it may be possible for unauthorized parties to copy our software or other proprietary technology or information, or to develop similar software independently without our having an adequate remedy for unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information. In addition, others may independently discover our trade secrets and proprietary information, and in these cases, we would not be able to assert any trade secret rights against those parties. Costly and time-consuming litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope of our proprietary rights, and the failure to obtain or maintain trade secret protection could adversely affect our competitive business position.

In addition, the laws of some countries do not protect intellectual property and other proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. To the extent we expand our international activities, our exposure to unauthorized copying, transfer and use of our proprietary technology or information may increase.

Our means of protecting our intellectual property and proprietary rights may not be adequate or our competitors could independently develop similar technology. If we fail to meaningfully protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Our use of open source software could negatively affect our ability to sell our products and subject us to possible litigation.

Our aiWARE platform incorporates select open source software, and we expect to continue to incorporate open source software in our aiWARE platform in the future. Few of the licenses applicable to open source software have been interpreted by courts, and there is a risk that these licenses could be construed in a manner that could impose unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to commercialize our products and platform. Moreover, although we have implemented policies to regulate the use and incorporation of open source software into our aiWARE platform, we cannot be certain that we have not incorporated open source software in our aiWARE platform in a manner that is inconsistent with such policies. If we fail to comply with open source licenses, we may be subject to certain requirements, including requirements that we offer our products that incorporate the open source software for no cost, that we make available source code for modifications or derivative works we create based upon, incorporating or using the open source software and that we license such modifications or derivative works under the terms of applicable open source licenses. If an author or other third party that distributes such open source software were to allege that we had not complied with the conditions of one or more of these licenses, we could be required to incur significant legal expenses defending against such allegations and could be subject to significant damages, enjoined from generating revenue from customers using products that contained the open source

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software and required to comply with onerous conditions or restrictions on these products. In any of these events, we and our customers could be required to seek licenses from third parties in order to continue offering our Software Products & Services and to re-engineer or discontinue offering our products to customers in the event re-engineering cannot be accomplished on a timely basis. Any of the foregoing could require us to devote additional research and development resources to re-engineer our products, could result in customer dissatisfaction and may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Risks Related to Human Capital Management

We depend on our executive officers and other key employees, and the loss of one or more of these employees or an inability to attract and retain highly skilled employees could adversely affect our business.

Our success depends largely upon the continued services of our Chief Executive Officer, Chad Steelberg, our President, Ryan Steelberg, and our other executive officers and senior management. We rely on our leadership team in the areas of strategy and implementation, research and development, operations, security, marketing, sales, support and general and administrative functions. We do not currently have any employment agreements with our executive officers or senior management team that require them to continue to work for us for any specified period, and, therefore, they could terminate their employment with us at any time. The loss of Chad Steelberg or Ryan Steelberg, or one or more of the members of our management team, could adversely impact our business and operations and disrupt our relationships with our key customers.

If we are unable to hire, retain and motivate qualified personnel, our business will suffer.

Our future success depends, in part, on our ability to continue to attract and retain highly skilled personnel. We believe that there is, and will continue to be, intense competition for highly skilled management, engineering, data science, sales, marketing and other personnel with experience in the businesses in which we operate. We must provide competitive compensation packages and a high-quality work environment to hire, retain and motivate employees. If we are unable to retain and motivate our existing employees and attract qualified personnel to fill key positions, we may be unable to manage our business effectively, including the development, marketing, sale and delivery of our products and services, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. To the extent we hire personnel from competitors, we also may be subject to allegations that they have been improperly solicited or that they have divulged proprietary or other confidential information.

Volatility in, or lack of performance of, our stock price may also affect our ability to attract and retain key personnel. Many of our key personnel are, or will be, vested in a substantial number of shares of common stock or stock options. Employees may be more likely to terminate their employment with us if the shares they own or the shares underlying their vested options have significantly appreciated in value relative to the original purchase prices of the shares or the exercise prices of the options, or, conversely, if the exercise prices of the options that they hold are significantly above the trading price of our common stock. If we are unable to retain our employees, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Risks Related to Regulatory Compliance

Data protection and privacy laws and regulations could require us to make changes to our business, impose additional costs on us and reduce the demand for our software solutions.

Our customers utilize our Software Products & Services and Managed Services to process, analyze and store data, which may contain personal information that is subject to data protection and privacy laws in various jurisdictions.  Federal, state and foreign government bodies and agencies have adopted, or may in the future adopt, laws and regulations regarding the collection, use, processing, storage and disclosure of personal information, such as the GDPR, the CCPA and similar regulations adopted in other jurisdictions, including other states within the United States.  In addition to government regulation, privacy advocates and industry groups may propose various self-regulatory standards that may legally or contractually apply to our business.  

The regulatory framework relating to privacy and data protection issues worldwide is evolving rapidly and is likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. Because the interpretation and application of many privacy and data protection laws, regulations and applicable industry standards are uncertain, it is possible that these laws, regulations and standards may be interpreted and applied in a manner inconsistent with our existing privacy and data management practices. As we expand into new jurisdictions or markets, we will be required to understand and comply with various new requirements applicable in those jurisdictions or markets. For example, we have entered into agreements and are actively pursuing opportunities to provide our Software Products & Services and Managed Services to customers in Europe, which involve processing of personal data.  In providing our Software Products & Services and Managed Services, we are deemed to be a data processor and are required to comply with the GDPR, which applies to all companies processing personal data of EU residents regardless of the company’s location, as well as with additional obligations to our customers to support their compliance with

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the GDPR.  We are also obligated to comply with the GDPR (and similar regulations in other jurisdictions including the United Kingdom) as a data controller with respect to personal data of certain employees and individuals employed or engaged by our current or prospective customers, vendors and service providers, which we receive and process in the course of our business.  The GDPR imposes financial penalties for non-compliance, which can be up to four percent of global revenue or 20 million Euros, whichever is greater.  We are also required to comply with the CCPA and the regulations implemented thereunder, with respect to personal information of California consumers that we collect and process, both directly and indirectly as a service provider to our customers.  

Under the GDPR and/or the CCPA, as well as similar data protection regulations implemented in other jurisdictions, we are required to maintain appropriate technical and organizational measures to ensure the security and protection of personal data and information, and we must comply (either directly or indirectly in support of our customers’ compliance efforts, as provided for in our contracts with customers) with a number of requirements with respect to individuals whose personal data or information we collect and process, including, among others, notification requirements and requirements to comply with requests from individuals to (i) opt out of collection, processing and/or sale of their data or information, (ii) delete their data or information, and (iii) receive copies of and other information regarding our collection and processing of their data or information.

To the extent applicable to our business or the businesses of our customers, these laws, regulations and industry standards could have negative effects on our business, including by increasing our costs and operating expenses, and delaying or impeding our deployment of new core functionality and products. Compliance with these laws, regulations and industry standards requires significant management time and attention, and failure to comply could result in negative publicity, subject us to contractual liability, fines or penalties or result in demands that we modify or cease existing business practices. In addition, the costs of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, such laws, regulations and industry standards may adversely affect our customers’ ability or desire to collect, use, process and store personal information using our software solutions, which could reduce overall demand for them. Even the perception of privacy and data security concerns, whether or not valid, may inhibit market acceptance of our software solutions in certain markets. Furthermore, privacy and data security concerns may cause our customers’ customers, vendors, employees and other industry participants to resist providing the personal information necessary to allow our customers to use our products and services effectively. Any of these outcomes could adversely affect our business and operating results.

We could be subject to liability for historical and future sales, use and similar taxes, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

We conduct operations in multiple tax jurisdictions throughout the United States. In many of these jurisdictions, non-income-based taxes, such as sales and use taxes, are assessed on our operations. Our customers agree to pay the use taxes in the states and other jurisdictions where our services are subject to sales or use tax.  As a result, we have not billed or collected these taxes and, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, we have not recorded a provision for our tax exposure in these jurisdictions. In the event these jurisdictions challenge our approach or our customers do not satisfy the sales or use tax obligation, such jurisdictions may assert tax assessments, penalties and/or interest, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Securities and Our Public Company Operations

Our common stock price has been extremely volatile and could continue to fluctuate widely in price, which could result in substantial losses for investors.

The market price of our common stock has been, and we expect will continue to be, subject to extreme fluctuations over short periods of time. For example, the closing price of our common stock has ranged from a low of $13.22 to a high of $38.53 during the 12-month period ended February 28, 2022.  Prior to that, from the completion of our initial public offering (“IPO”) on May 12, 2017 through February 28, 2021, the closing price of our common stock has ranged from a low of $1.52 to a high of $65.91. These fluctuations may be due to various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including:

• the volume and timing of our revenues and quarterly variations in our results of operations or those of others in our industry;

• announcement of new contracts with customers or termination of contracts with customers;

• announcement of acquisitions of other companies or businesses, or other significant strategic transactions;

• the introduction of new services, content or features by us or others in our industry;

• disputes or other developments with respect to our or others’ intellectual property rights;

• media exposure of our products or of those of others in our industry;

• changes in governmental regulations;

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• additions or departures of key personnel;

• sales of our common stock;

• speculative trading practices of certain market participants;

• actual or purported “short squeeze” trading activity;

• changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by securities analysts; and

• general market conditions and other factors, including factors unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance of our competitors.

In recent years, the stock markets generally have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the listed companies. Broad market and industry factors may significantly affect the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. These fluctuations have been, and may continue to be, even more pronounced in the trading market for our common stock.

Further, on some occasions, our stock price may be, or may be purported to be, subject to “short squeeze” activity. A “short squeeze” is a technical market condition that occurs when the price of a stock increases substantially, forcing market participants who had taken a position that its price would fall (i.e., who had sold the stock “short”), to buy it, which in turn may create significant, short-term demand for the stock not for fundamental reasons, but rather due to the need for such market participants to acquire the stock in order to forestall the risk of even greater losses. A “short squeeze” condition in the market for a stock can lead to short-term conditions involving very high volatility and trading that may or may not track fundamental valuation models.

In addition, in the past, class action litigation has often been instituted against companies whose securities have experienced periods of volatility in market price. Securities litigation brought against us following volatility in our stock price, regardless of the merit or ultimate results of such litigation, could result in substantial costs, which would hurt our financial condition and operating results and divert management’s attention and resources from our business.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be impaired.

As a public company, we are required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related rules implemented by the SEC.  The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. In particular, we must perform system and process evaluation and testing of our internal control over financial reporting to allow management to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.  This report must contain, among other things, an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of our fiscal year, including a statement as to whether or not our internal control over financial reporting is effective.  This assessment must include disclosure of any material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting identified by management.  In addition, we will be required to have our independent registered public accounting firm attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in the first annual report on Form 10-K following the date on which we are no longer an emerging growth company or a smaller reporting company.

Our current controls and any new controls that we develop may become inadequate because of changes in conditions in our business. Further, weaknesses in our disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting may be discovered in the future. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement could harm our results of operations or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of our financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting also could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information and could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition and could cause a decline in the trading price of our common stock. In addition, if we are unable to continue to meet these requirements, we may not be able to remain listed on NASDAQ.

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We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” under the U.S. federal securities laws, and the reduced reporting requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies could make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” under U.S. federal securities laws. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company and/or a smaller reporting company, we may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies or smaller reporting companies, including not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and (to the extent we continue to qualify as an emerging growth company) exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. as Although we will no longer be an emerging growth company as of December 31, 2022, we may still qualify as a smaller reporting company, which would allow us to take advantage of many of the same exemptions from disclosure requirements that are applicable to emerging growth companies. Investors may not find our common stock attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.

We do not currently expect to pay any cash dividends.

The continued operation and expansion of our business will require substantial funding. Accordingly, we do not currently expect to pay any cash dividends on shares of our common stock. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our Board and will depend upon results of operations, financial condition, contractual restrictions, restrictions imposed by applicable law and other factors our Board deems relevant. Additionally, we expect these restrictions to continue in the future. Accordingly, realization of a gain on an investment in our common stock will depend on the appreciation of the price of our common stock, which may never occur. Investors seeking cash dividends in the foreseeable future should not purchase our common stock.

Our anti-takeover provisions could prevent or delay a change in control of our company, even if such change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders.

Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws as well as provisions of Delaware law could discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control of our company, even if such change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders. These include:

• authorizing the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that could be issued by our Board to increase the number of outstanding shares and thwart a takeover attempt;

• a provision for a classified board of directors so that not all members of our Board are elected at one time;

• the removal of directors only for cause;

• no provision for the use of cumulative voting for the election of directors;

• limiting the ability of stockholders to call special meetings;

• requiring all stockholder actions to be taken at a meeting of our stockholders (i.e. no provision for stockholder action by written consent); and

• establishing advance notice requirements for nominations for election to the Board or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at stockholder meetings.

In addition, the Delaware General Corporation Law prohibits us, except under specified circumstances, from engaging in any mergers, significant sales of stock or assets or business combinations with any stockholder or group of stockholders who owns at least 15% of our common stock.

Additionally, certain provisions in the indenture governing our convertible senior notes may make it more difficult or expensive for a third party to acquire us. For example, the indenture will generally require us to repurchase the convertible senior notes for cash upon the occurrence of a fundamental change of us and, in certain circumstances, to increase the conversion rate for a holder that converts its convertible senior notes in connection with a make-whole fundamental change. A takeover of us may trigger the requirement that we repurchase the convertible senior notes and/or increase the conversion rate, which could make it more costly for a potential acquiror to engage in such takeover. Such additional costs may have the effect of delaying or preventing a takeover of us that would otherwise be beneficial to stockholders.

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Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for:

• any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf;

• any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employees to us or to our stockholders;

• any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws; or

• any action asserting a claim against us governed by the internal affairs doctrine.

Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to this provision of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. This choice-of-forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable or convenient for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Conversion or exercise of outstanding equity-lined securities may dilute the ownership interest of our stockholders or may otherwise depress the price of our common stock.

We have a substantial number of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of stock options, settlement of restricted stock units and upon conversion of our convertible senior notes.  The exercise or conversion of some or all of these securities may dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders. Upon conversion of our convertible senior notes, we have the option to pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. If we elect to settle our conversion obligation in shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, any sales in the public market of our common stock issuable upon such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock. In addition, the existence of the convertible senior notes may encourage short selling by market participants because the conversion of the notes could be used to satisfy short positions, or anticipated conversion of the notes into shares of our common stock could depress the price of our common stock.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our common stock will rely in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us and our business. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrades our common stock or issues other unfavorable commentary or research the price of our common stock may decline. If one or more analysts ceases coverage of our company or fails to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our stock could decrease, which in turn could cause the trading price or trading volume of our common stock to decline and could result in the loss of all or part of your investment in us.

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Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments.

Not Applicable.

Item 2.Properties.

Our principal executive offices are located in Denver, Colorado, which we lease under a lease expiring on March 31, 2022.

In addition to our principal executive offices, we lease office space in Costa Mesa and Newport Beach, California; New York, New York; and Herzliya, Israel.

We lease all of our facilities and do not own any real property. We believe our facilities are adequate and suitable for our current needs and that, should it be needed, suitable additional or alternative space will be available to accommodate our operations.

Item 3.Legal Proceedings.

From time to time, we may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of our operations in the normal course of business. We currently are not a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Regardless of the outcome, any litigation may have an adverse impact on us due to defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not Applicable.

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Market Information and Holders

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ under the ticker symbol “VERI.”  As of February 28, 2022, we had 39 holders of record of our common stock based upon the records of our transfer agent, which do not include beneficial owners of common stock whose shares are held in the names of various securities brokers, dealers and registered clearing agencies.    

Dividend Policy

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings for use in the operation of our business. Therefore, we do not currently expect to pay any cash dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay cash dividends will be at the discretion of our Board and will depend upon our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, general business conditions, and other factors that our Board deems relevant. Our ability to pay dividends may also be restricted by the terms of any future credit agreement or any future debt or preferred equity securities.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities

In December 2021, a consulting firm exercised a warrant to purchase 26,500 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $3.01 per share.  Such exercise was done on a net exercise basis pursuant to the terms of the warrant and, as such, we did not receive any cash proceeds and we issued a net number of 23,050 shares of our common stock in connection with such exercise.

No underwriters were involved in such issuance of securities. The securities were issued to accredited investors in reliance upon the exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, as set forth in Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act, relative to transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering, to the extent an exemption from such registration was required.

Purchases of Equity Securities

We made no purchases of our equity securities during the fourth quarter of 2021.

Performance Graph

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the performance graph required by Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K.

Item 6.Reserved.

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Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Forward-Looking Statements

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion includes forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. You should review the “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” on page ii and Item 1A (Risk Factors) of Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.

Overview

We are a provider of AI solutions, powered by our proprietary AI operating system, aiWARE™, to deliver differentiated products and solutions to our Commercial Enterprise and Government & Regulated Industries customers.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we generated revenue of $115.3 million as compared to $57.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2020.  Our Software Products & Services grew 429% year over year, and represented 51% and 24% of our consolidated revenue in December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and our Managed Services grew 27% year over and year, and represented 49% and 76% of our consolidated revenue in December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, our largest customer represented 30% and 8% of our consolidated revenue, respectively.

Significant Transactions

In September 2021, we completed the acquisition of PandoLogic, a company incorporated under the laws of the state of Israel for total consideration of $122.5 million (the “Merger Consideration”). The Merger Consideration consisted of upfront payments of $58.7 million in cash and $31.5 million in common stock (1.7 million shares), up to $65.0 million payable based on earnouts tied to financial performance of PandoLogic in fiscal years 2021 and 2022, and a net working capital adjustment of $5.8 million. At the acquisition date, the earnout was valued at $30.0 million to be paid in a combination of cash and common stock, of which $26.4 million was deemed to be consideration.

In November 2021, we completed an offering of our convertible senior notes in which we issued, at par value, $201.25 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% convertible senior notes due 2026 (the “Convertible Notes”). In exchange for the Convertible Notes, we received net proceeds of approximately $194.9 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs of approximately $6.3 million, with $18.6 million of those net proceeds used to purchase the capped call transactions related to the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes are our senior, unsecured obligations and will bear interest at a rate of 1.75% per year.  Interest will accrue from November 19, 2021 and will be payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on May 15, 2022. The Convertible Notes will mature on November 15, 2026, unless earlier converted, redeemed, or repurchased in accordance with the terms of the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes are convertible at $36.76 per share, and $48.55 per share assuming the capped call provisions are met.

Opportunities, Challenges and Risks

In 2021 and 2020, we derived our revenue primarily through our Commercial Enterprise customers, and secondarily through our Government & Regulated Industries customers. Beginning in the second half of 2020 and continuing into 2021, we began to experience significant growth in revenue across our Commercial Enterprise business, which increased 100% during the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the prior year. The year-over-year growth in Commercial Enterprise revenue was driven largely by the acquisition of PandoLogic in September 2021, as well as expanded services to existing and new customers in the media and entertainment markets. As we are at the early stages of new product introductions in various markets, including within the U.S. government and energy markets, we expect that both our Commercial Enterprise and Government & Regulated Industries revenues will continue to increase in the near and long term, both in absolute dollars and as a percentage of our total revenue.

We are a leader in AI-based Software Products & Services.  Our proprietary AI operating system, aiWARE, uses machine learning algorithms, or AI models, together with a suite of powerful applications, to reveal valuable insights from vast amounts of structured and unstructured data.  In addition to the year-over-year growth of 429% in our Software Products

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& Services during the year ended December 31, 2021, we have also demonstrated our ability to grow our AI-based Managed Services, with our revenue from these Managed Services increasing 27% during the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the prior year.  Historically, we have derived a large portion of our Software Product & Services revenue from applications we internally developed from our aiWARE platform and actively sold across various customers. Beginning in the second half of 2021, we realigned our organization to also focus on enterprise sales and opportunities across existing and newer markets. While management believes there is a substantial opportunity to increase revenue longer term, there is no certainty that any future investments, which could be significant and include future potential acquisitions, will result in significant enterprise revenue realization or revenue growth when compared with historical revenue. We also continue to see significant opportunities for growth in cross-selling PandoLogic and aiWARE to existing and newly acquired customers, and where our AI solutions could add tremendous value in content creation and distribution, including in the news, television and film industries.

We believe there will be significant near and long-term opportunities for revenue growth from Government & Regulated Industries markets due to customer adoption of our products and services related to AI technologies and more recently with our official Authorization to Operate, or ATO, of our aiWARE platform across the entire U.S. Department of Justice and progress with the Joint Artificial Intelligence Commission (“JAIC”) and Department of Defense (“DOD”). However, many enterprise-level opportunities with GRI customers can involve long sales cycles, during which we must invest significant time and resources without a guarantee of success. We may seek to acquire businesses with deep relationships and greater scale within the U.S. government and within regulated industries such as energy to further accelerate our pursuit of the growth opportunities we see in this market.

During the second half of 2020, we launched our Veritone energy solutions as part of our Government & Regulated Industries division to help utilities increase profitability and improve grid reliability as they make the transition to renewables. We believe that our patented technology is uniquely suited to solving some of the most difficult challenges facing utilities today, and we see significant near and long-term opportunities to grow our revenue within this market. Our aiWARE platform is in the early stages of deployment in the energy market, and we expect to continue making significant investments in product, sales and engineering over the next 12 to 24 months to further develop our current and future solutions to address the opportunities in this market.

At the end of the fourth quarter of 2021, we reported 529 Software Product & Services customers, which grew 47% from December 31, 2020 on a pro forma basis (including customers from PandoLogic as if owned by Veritone, Inc. since January 1, 2020). To continue to grow our Software Product & Services customer base, and drive increased sales within our existing customer base, we will need to continue to increase our sales and marketing spending throughout 2022 as compared with prior periods.

We believe our Software Products & Services will extend the capabilities of many third-party software platforms and products that are widely used today. For example, we recently acquired PandoLogic, a company with technology that utilizes machine-learning and AI to accelerate the hiring process for large enterprises. We believe that, when integrated with aiWARE, PandoLogic users will be given greater visibility and transparency in their hiring processes. In addition, we have historically integrated aiWARE across many platforms, including Alteryx and the NVIDIA^® CUDA^® GPU-based platform, enabling dramatic increases in aiWARE’s processing speed and providing a wide range of new use cases for our technology. We are in the process of developing and marketing more specific use cases for these and future integrations, which we believe will open up new markets for our products and accelerate our near and long term revenue growth opportunities. We plan to hire additional engineers and business development resources in the near term to further accelerate our pursuit of these potential opportunities, as well as other third-party technology integrations.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, our non-GAAP gross margin (calculated as described in “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below) improved to 81%, compared with 73% for the year ended December 31, 2020, driven by growth of new customers across our Software Products & Services and the addition of PandoLogic in late 2021, which generated incremental non-GAAP gross margins in excess of 80% during the three months ended December 31, 2021. Our non-GAAP gross margin is impacted significantly by the mix of our Software Products & Services and our Managed Services revenue in any given period because our Managed Services revenue typically has a lower overall non-GAAP gross margin than our Software Products & Services revenue. With the acquisition of PandoLogic in September 2021, we expect our consolidated non-GAAP gross margin and related non-GAAP gross profit to improve to no less than 80% starting in quarter ended March 31, 2022 and improving each subsequent quarter in 2022 as the mix of PandoLogic revenue becomes seasonally larger throughout 2022. Our non-GAAP gross profit (see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below) is also dependent upon our ability to grow our revenue by expanding our customer base and increasing business with existing customers, and to manage our costs by negotiating favorable economic terms with cloud computing providers such as AWS and Microsoft Azure. While we are focused on continuing to improve our non-GAAP gross profit, our ability to attract and retain customers to

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grow our revenue will be highly dependent on our ability to implement and continually improve upon our technology and services and improve our technology infrastructure and operations as we experience increased network capacity constraints due to our growth.

  We believe our operating results and performance are, and will continue to be, driven by various factors that affect our industry. Our ability to attract, grow and retain customers for our aiWARE platform is highly sensitive to rapidly changing technology and is dependent on our ability to maintain the attractiveness of our platform, content and services to our customers. Moreover, we have historically reported GAAP operating losses, driven by certain non-cash and non-recurring items such as stock-based compensation and purchase accounting; however, we expect to report substantial improvements in our consolidated operating results for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021, driven by the growth in our software offerings and customers and the growth of PandoLogic. Our future revenue and operating growth will rely heavily on our ability to grow and retain our Software Products & Services customer base, continue to develop and deploy quality and innovative AI-driven applications and enterprise-level offerings, provide unique and attractive content and advertising services to our customers, continue to grow in newer markets such as Government & Regulated Industries, expand aiWARE into larger and more expansive enterprise engagements and manage our corporate overhead costs. While we believe we will be successful in these endeavors, we cannot guarantee that we will succeed in generating substantial long term operating growth and profitability.

We expect to pursue a strategy of acquiring companies to help accelerate our organic growth.  We believe there are strategic acquisition targets that can accelerate our entry into key strategic markets, as well as our ability to grow our business.  As a result, we are continuing to prioritize corporate development efforts throughout 2022.  Our acquisition strategy is threefold: (i) to increase the scale of our business in markets we are in today, (ii) to accelerate growth in new markets and product categories, including expanding our existing engineering and sales resources, and (iii) to accelerate the adoption of aiWARE as the universal AI operating system through venture or market-driven opportunities.    

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we reported positive non-GAAP net income for the first time of $6.8 million as compared to a reported non-GAAP net loss of $20.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2020.  While we forecast our full year 2022 to also be profitable on a non-GAAP net income basis and do not expect to show non-GAAP net losses during the quarter ended March 31, 2022, we do expect seasonality in our revenue and operating performance throughout the quarters ended March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 from our PandoLogic acquisition.  Moreover, and to continue to grow our revenue in 2022, we will need to make substantial investments in people, namely software engineers and sales personnel.  Our growth and ultimate profitability could be accelerated or delayed if we cannot hire or retain people in a timely manner.

In the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, substantially all of our revenue was derived from customers located in the United States. We believe that there is a substantial opportunity over time for us to significantly expand our service offerings and customer base in countries outside of the United States.  In the long term, we plan to expand our business further internationally in places such as Europe, Asia Pacific and Latin America, and as a result, we expect to continue to incur significant incremental upfront expenses associated with these expansion opportunities.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 outbreak emerged in late 2019 and was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic, and the actions being taken by governments worldwide to mitigate the public health consequences of the pandemic, significantly impacted the global economy. Beginning in March 2020, we began to experience fluctuations in demand for certain services, particularly our Managed Services, a significant amount of revenue from which is typically driven by major live sporting events that were cancelled or postponed in the United States due to COVID-19. While many major sporting events have resumed, future cancellations of live sporting events could have a material adverse impact on our revenue generated from our Managed Services in future quarters.

The pandemic has affected and may continue to affect some of our customers, which may further reduce the demand and/or delay purchase decisions for our products and services and may additionally impact the creditworthiness of our customers. We have assessed the potential credit deterioration of our customers due to changes in the macroeconomic environment and have determined that no additional allowance for doubtful accounts was necessary due to credit deterioration as of December 31, 2021.

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The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic and the related macroeconomic conditions may continue to affect our financial condition or results of operations is uncertain. The severity and duration of the pandemic and the resulting macroeconomic conditions are difficult to predict, and our revenue and operating results may be adversely impacted in future periods. Due to the nature of our business, the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic may not be fully reflected in its results of operations until future periods. The most significant risks to our business and results of operations arising from the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed in Part I, Item 1A (Risk Factors).

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic during the first half of 2020, we took actions to control expenses, including temporarily discontinuing non-essential services and instituting controls on travel, entertainment and other expenses. In addition, in compliance with government mandates, we have initiated a remote work from home policy. We expect to continue to enforce these and other actions we deem appropriate until or when the COVID-19 pandemic is officially no longer declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In evaluating our cash flows and financial performance, we use certain non-GAAP financial measures, including “non-GAAP gross profit,” “non-GAAP gross margin,” “non-GAAP net income (loss),” and “non-GAAP net income (loss) per share.” Non-GAAP gross profit is the Company’s revenue less its cost of revenue. Non-GAAP net income (loss) and non-GAAP net income (loss) per share is the Company’s net income (loss) and net income (loss) per share, adjusted to exclude interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation expense, amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense, changes in fair value of warrant liability, changes in fair value of contingent consideration, a reserve for state sales taxes, charges related to a facility sublease, gain on sale of asset, warrant expense, acquisition and due diligence costs, and severance and executive search costs. The results for non-GAAP net income (loss), are presented below for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. The items excluded from these non-GAAP financial measures, as well as a breakdown of GAAP net loss, non-GAAP net income (loss) and these excluded items between our Core Operations and Corporate, are detailed in the reconciliation below.

In addition, we have provided additional supplemental non-GAAP measures of gross profit, operating expenses, loss from operations, other (expense) income, net, and loss before income taxes, excluding the items excluded from non-GAAP net loss as noted above, and reconciling such non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures.

We present these non-GAAP financial measures because management believes such information to be important supplemental measures of performance that are commonly used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in our industry. Management also uses this information internally for forecasting and budgeting.

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These non-GAAP financial measures are not calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss), operating income (loss) or any other financial measures so calculated and presented, nor as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. Other companies (including our competitors) may define these non-GAAP financial measures differently. These non-GAAP measures may not be indicative of our historical operating results or predictive of potential future results. Investors should not consider this supplemental non-GAAP financial information in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported in accordance with GAAP.

(dollars in thousands)	Year Ended December 31,
	2021								2020
	Core Operations(1)		Corporate(2)			Total			Core Operations(1)			Corporate(2)			Total
Net income (loss)	$	8,298	$	(78,891	)	$	(70,593	)	$	(9,060	)	$	(38,816	)	$	(47,876	)
Provision for income taxes		2,658		86			2,744			—			76			76
Depreciation and amortization		8,609		426			9,035			5,538			869			6,407
Stock-based compensation expense		6,575		33,488			40,063			2,720			16,819			19,539
Change in fair value of warrant liability		—		—			—			—			200			200
Change in fair value of contingent consideration		—		18,325			18,325			—			—			—
Warrant expense		—		—			—			—			102			102
Gain on sale of asset		—		—			—			—			(56	)		(56	)
State sales tax reserve		—		306			306			—			818			818
Stock offering costs		—		—			—			—			27			27
Lease exit charges(3)		—		3,367			3,367			—			16			16
Interest expense		—		538			538			—			9			9
Acquisition and due diligence costs		—		2,698			2,698			—			—			—
Business realignment, severance and executive search costs(4)		—		349			349			—			145			145
Non-GAAP Net Income (Loss)	$	26,140	$	(19,308	)	$	6,832		$	(802	)	$	(19,791	)	$	(20,593	)
(1)Core Operations consists of our consolidated Software Products & Services (including recently acquired PandoLogic) and Managed Services that include our content licensing and advertising services, and their supporting operations, including direct costs of sales as well as operating expenses for sales, marketing and product development and certain general and administrative costs dedicated to these operations.
(2)Corporate consists of general and administrative functions such as executive, finance, legal, people operations, fixed overhead expenses (including facilities and information technology expenses), other income (expenses) and taxes, and other expenses that support the entire company, including public company driven costs.

⁽³⁾Lease exit charges consists of charges related to a sublease in 2021 and lease termination charges in 2020.

⁽⁴⁾Business realignment, severance and executive search costs consists of severance and executive search costs in 2021 and business realignment and officer severance costs in 2020.

The following tables set forth the calculation of our non-GAAP gross profit and non-GAAP gross margin, followed by a reconciliation of non-GAAP to GAAP financial information presented in our consolidated financial statements for years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

	Year Ended
(dollars in thousands)	December 31,
	2021			2020
Revenue	$	115,305		$	57,708
Cost of revenue		22,129			15,663
Non-GAAP gross profit		93,176			42,045
Non-GAAP gross margin		80.8	%		72.9	%

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	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Revenue	$	115,305		$	57,708
Cost of revenue		22,129			15,663
Non-GAAP gross profit		93,176			42,045
GAAP cost of revenue		22,129			15,663
Stock-based compensation expense		(116	)		—
Non-GAAP cost of revenue		22,013			15,663
GAAP sales and marketing expenses		28,935			19,877
Stock-based compensation expense		(1,716	)		(889	)
Lease exit charges		—			(5	)
Business realignment and officer severance costs		(236	)		—
Non-GAAP sales and marketing expenses		26,983			18,983
GAAP research and development expenses		25,075			14,379
Stock-based compensation expense		(3,217	)		(1,046	)
Business realignment and officer severance costs		(14	)		—
Non-GAAP research and development expenses		21,844			13,333
GAAP general and administrative expenses		97,918			50,080
Depreciation		(538	)		(1,025	)
Stock-based compensation expense		(35,014	)		(17,604	)
Warrant expense		—			(102	)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration		(18,325	)		—
State sales tax reserve		(306	)		(818	)
Stock offering costs		—			(27	)
Lease exit charges		(3,367	)		—
Acquisition and due diligence costs		(2,698	)		—
Business realignment and officer severance costs		(99	)		(145	)
Non-GAAP general and administrative expenses		37,571			30,359
GAAP amortization		(8,497	)		(5,382	)
GAAP loss from operations		(67,249	)		(47,673	)
Total non-GAAP adjustments (1)		74,143			27,043
Non-GAAP net income (loss) from operations		6,894			(20,630	)
GAAP other expense, net		(600	)		(127	)
Change in fair value of warrant liability		—			200
Interest expense		538			9
Lease exit charges		—			11
Gain on sale of asset		—			(56	)
Non-GAAP other income (expense), net		(62	)		37
GAAP loss before income taxes		(67,849	)		(47,800	)
Total non-GAAP adjustments (1)		74,681			27,207
Non-GAAP net income (loss) before income taxes		6,832			(20,593	)
Income tax provision		2,744			76
GAAP net loss		(70,593	)		(47,876	)
Total non-GAAP adjustments (1)		77,425			27,283
Non-GAAP net income (loss)	$	6,832		$	(20,593	)
Shares used in computing non-GAAP basic net earnings (loss) per share		33,298			27,595
Shares used in computing non-GAAP diluted net earnings (loss) per share(2)		43,928			27,595
Non-GAAP basic net earnings (loss) per share	$	0.21		$	(0.75	)
Non-GAAP diluted net earnings (loss) per share	$	0.16		$	(0.75	)

⁽¹⁾ Adjustments are comprised of the adjustments to GAAP cost of revenue, sales and marketing expenses, research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses and other (expense) income, net (where applicable) listed above.

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Supplemental Financial Information

We are providing the following unaudited supplemental financial information regarding our Software Products & Services and Managed Services as a lookback of the prior year to explain our recent historical and year-over-year performance. The Software Products & Services supplemental financial information is presented on a pro forma basis, as further described below.

The supplemental financial information for our Software Products & Services include: (i) Software Revenue – Pro Forma, (ii) Ending Customers, (iii) Average Annual Revenue (AAR), (iv) Total New Bookings, and (iv) Gross Revenue Retention, in each case as defined in the footnotes to the table below. The supplemental financial information for our Managed Services includes: (i) average gross billings per active agency client, and (ii) revenue.

Software Products & Services Supplemental Financial Information

The following table sets forth the results for each of the key performance indicators (“KPI’s”) for our Software Products & Services.

	Quarter Ended
	Sept 30,		Dec 31,		Mar 31,		Jun 30,		Sept 30,		Dec 31,
	2020		2020		2021		2021		2021		2021
Software Revenue - Pro Forma (in 000's)(1)		14,154		30,869		10,183		20,072		21,860		40,223
Ending Customers(2)		322		360		385		419		433		529
Average Annual Revenue (AAR) (in 000's)(3)	$	110	$	206	$	199	$	203	$	208	$	209
Total New Bookings (in 000's)(4)	$	2,083	$	1,437	$	2,442	$	4,896	$	3,356	$	8,317
Gross Revenue Retention(5)	>85%		>90%		>90%		>90%		>90%		>90%

⁽¹⁾ “Software Revenue - Pro Forma” includes historical Software Products & Services revenue from the past six (6) fiscal quarters of each of Veritone, Inc. and PandoLogic Ltd. (unaudited) and presents such revenue on a combined pro forma basis treating PandoLogic Ltd. as owned by Veritone, Inc. since January 1, 2020.

⁽²⁾ “Ending Customers” includes Software Products & Services customers as of the end of each respective quarter set forth above with trailing twelve-month revenues in excess of $2,400 for both Veritone, Inc. and PandoLogic Ltd.

⁽³⁾ “Average Annual Revenue (AAR)” is calculated as the aggregate of trailing twelve-month Software Products & Services revenue divided by the average number of customers over the same period for both Veritone, Inc. and PandoLogic Ltd.

⁽⁴⁾ “Total New Bookings” represents the total fees payable during the full contract term for new contracts received in the quarter (including fees payable during any cancellable portion and an estimate of license fees that may fluctuate over the term), excluding any variable fees under the contract (e.g., fees for cognitive processing, storage, professional services and other variable services). This also excludes PandoLogic new bookings for the third and fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020 as those periods were deemed immaterial and data was not readily available.

⁽⁵⁾ “Gross Revenue Retention”: We calculate our dollar-based gross retention rate as of the period end by starting with the revenue from Ending Customers for Software Products & Services as of the 3 months in the prior year quarter to such period, or Prior Year Quarter Revenue. We then deduct from the Prior Year Quarter Revenue any revenue from Ending Customers who are no longer customers as of the current period end, or Current Period Ending Customer Revenue. We then divide the total Current Period Ending Customer Revenue by the total Prior Year Quarter Revenue to arrive at our dollar-based gross retention rate, which is the percentage of revenue from all Ending Customers from our Software Products & Services as of the year prior that is not lost to customer churn.

As we grow our business for our Software Products & Services, we expect that our supplemental financial information will be impacted in different ways based on our customer profiles and the nature of target markets. For example, the PandoLogic business has significant revenue concentration in a single customer which has a material impact on the average contract value and gross retention. As a result, we have shown the supplemental financial information on a proforma basis for comparability.

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Managed Services Supplemental Financial Information

The following table sets forth the results for each of the KPIs for our Managed Services.

	Quarter Ended
	Sept 30,		Dec 31,		Mar 31,		Jun 30,		Sept 30,		Dec 31,
	2020		2020		2021		2021		2021		2021
Avg billings per active Managed Services client (in 000's)(6)		522		545		582		622		615		625
Revenue during quarter (in 000's)(7)	$	8,764	$	9,747	$	10,327	$	9,968	$	9,647	$	10,857

⁽⁶⁾ Avg billings per active Managed Services customer for each quarter reflects the average quarterly billings per active Managed Services customer over the twelve-month period through the end of such quarter for Managed Services clients that are active during such quarter.

⁽⁷⁾ Managed Services revenue and metrics exclude content licensing & media services.

We have experienced and may continue to experience volatility in revenue from our Managed Services due to a number of factors, including: (i) the timing of new large customer wins; (ii) loss of customers who choose to replace our services with new providers or by bringing their advertising placement in-house; (iii) customers who experience reductions in their advertising budgets due to issues with their own businesses; and (iv) the seasonality of the campaigns for certain large customers. We have historically generated a significant portion of our revenue from a few major customers. As we continue to grow and diversify our customer base, we expect that our dependency on a limited number of large customers will be minimized.

Net Loss Carryforwards

As of December 31, 2021, we had federal and state income tax net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) totaling approximately $217.8 million and $135.1 million, respectively. The U.S. federal and state NOLs are projected to expire beginning in 2034 and 2022, respectively, unless previously utilized. NOLs generated after January 1, 2018 may be carried forward indefinitely, subject to an 80% taxable income limitation on the utilization of the carryforwards.

In general, under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change” (generally defined as a cumulative change (by value) of more than 50% in the equity ownership of certain stockholders over a rolling three-year period) is subject to limitations on its ability to utilize its pre-change NOLs to offset post-change taxable income. Our existing NOLs may be subject to limitations arising from previous ownership changes, and our ability to utilize NOLs could be further limited by Section 382 of the Code. In addition, future changes in our stock ownership, some of which may be outside of our control, could result in an ownership change under Section 382 of the Code. The amount of such limitations, if any, has not been determined.

There is also a risk that due to other future regulatory changes, such as suspensions on the use of NOLs, or other unforeseen reasons, our existing NOLs could expire or otherwise be unavailable to offset future income tax liabilities. For these reasons, we may not be able to realize a tax benefit from the use of our NOLs, even if we attain profitability.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and related notes, as well as the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Management evaluates its accounting policies, estimates and judgments on an on-going basis. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

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Management evaluated the development and selection of its critical accounting policies and estimates and believes that the following involve a higher degree of judgment or complexity and are most significant to reporting our results of operations and financial position and are therefore discussed as critical. The following critical accounting policies reflect the significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. With respect to critical accounting policies, even a relatively minor variance between expected and actual experience can potentially have a materially favorable or unfavorable impact on subsequent results of operations. More information on these critical accounting policies and our significant accounting policies can be found in Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Accounting for Business Combinations

As part of the purchase accounting for acquisitions, we estimate the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. A fair value measurement is determined as the price we would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In the absence of active markets for the identical assets or liabilities, such measurements involve developing assumptions based on market observable data and, in the absence of such data, internal information that is consistent with what market participants would use in a hypothetical transaction that occurs at the measurement date. In the context of purchase accounting, the determination of fair value often involves significant judgments and estimates by management, including the selection of valuation methodologies, estimates of future revenues, costs and cash flows, discount rates, and selection of comparable companies.  The fair values reflected in the purchase accounting rely on management’s judgment and the expertise of a third-party valuation firm engaged to assist in concluding on the fair value measurements.

Impairment of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

Goodwill is not amortized but instead is tested at least annually for impairment, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. Our annual impairment test is performed during the second quarter.  In assessing goodwill impairment, we have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Our qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill considers various macro-economic, industry-specific and company-specific factors. These factors include: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant company-specific actions, including exiting an activity in conjunction with restructuring of operations; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of our financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in our market capitalization below its net book value. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, we determine it is unlikely that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative analysis is unnecessary. However, if we conclude otherwise, or if we elect to bypass the qualitative analysis, then we are required to perform a quantitative analysis that compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired; otherwise, a goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the lesser of: (a) the amount that the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value; or (b) the amount of the goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

We review long-lived assets to be held and used, other than goodwill, for impairment at least annually, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If an evaluation of recoverability is required, the estimated undiscounted future cash flows directly associated with the asset are compared with the asset’s carrying amount. If the estimated future cash flows from the use of the asset are less than the carrying value, an impairment charge would be recorded to write down the asset to its estimated fair value.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

We record stock-based compensation expense associated with restricted stock, restricted stock units and stock options granted under our stock incentive plans, and purchase rights granted under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”).  We have granted stock options with time-based vesting conditions, as well as performance-based stock options, the vesting of which is conditioned upon the achievement of specified target stock prices for our common stock (“Performance Options”).  All Performance Options become exercisable in three equal tranches based on the achievement of specific market price targets for our common stock. For each tranche to become exercisable, the closing price per share of our common stock must meet or exceed the applicable stock price target for a period of 30 consecutive trading days.  All stock options have terms of ten years following the grant date, subject to earlier termination in the case of cessation of the awardee’s continued service with us.    

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Stock-based compensation expense is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. Prior to our initial public offering (“IPO”) in May 2017, the fair values of restricted stock awards were estimated at the date of grant by using both the option-pricing method and the probability-weighted expected return method. All restricted stock awards granted prior to our IPO were fully vested as of the fourth quarter of 2020. Following our IPO, the fair values of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards are based on the closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant.

We estimate the fair values of stock options having time-based vesting conditions, as well as purchase rights under our ESPP, using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model.  We estimate the fair values of Performance Options utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate when the stock price targets will be achieved and the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model.  A fair value is estimated for each tranche of such Performance Options that is tied to a particular stock price target.

Determining the appropriate fair values of stock options and ESPP purchase rights at the grant date requires significant judgment, including estimating the volatility of our common stock, the expected term of awards, and the derived service periods for each tranche of Performance Options. In determining fair values, we estimate volatility based on the historical volatility of our common stock along with the volatility of the peer group. In calculating estimated volatility, as the number of years of trading history for our common stock has increased, the volatility of our common stock has been given a weighting ranging from 25% to 50%, and the volatility of the peer group companies has been given a weighting ranging from 75% to 50%, with each peer company weighted equally. We will continue utilizing this combination and will periodically adjust the weightings as additional historical volatility data for our own shares of common stock becomes available.  

The expected term for stock options other than Performance Options represents the period of time that stock options are expected to be outstanding and is determined using the simplified method. Under the simplified method, the expected term is calculated as the midpoint between the weighted average vesting date and the contractual term of the options. The expected term for Performance Options considers the remaining term of the option after the attainment date and the ratio of the stock price at the attainment date to the option exercise price.

The risk-free rate is based on the implied yield of U.S. Treasury notes as of the grant date with a remaining term approximately equal to the expected term of the award.

The fair value of stock-based awards (other than Performance Options) is amortized using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period. For Performance Options, expense is recognized over a graded-vesting attribution basis over the period from the grant date to the estimated attainment date, which is the derived service period of each tranche of the award.

We engaged a third-party valuation specialist to assist us in determining the fair values and derived service periods of Performance Options awarded, and to assist us in determining the fair values and new derived service periods of Performance Options in connection with a modification that occurred in August 2020 as a result of certain amendments to the Performance Options outstanding at that time.  The valuation specialist used a Monte Carlo simulation model which incorporated three key assumptions: dividend yield, risk-free interest rate; and estimated volatility.  The estimated volatility required the most judgment of those three assumptions, and it was based on the historical volatility of our common stock along with the historical volatility of the peer group.  The estimated volatility used in valuing Performance Options granted in 2020 and 2019 was 85% and 65%, respectively, and the estimated volatility used in valuing the modified Performance Options in 2020 was 80%.

We recognize actual forfeitures as they occur and do not estimate forfeitures in determining our stock-based compensation expense.

If Performance Options are modified, the fair values and the new derived service periods of the modified awards as of the date of modification and the fair values of the original awards immediately before the modification are determined.  The amount of incremental compensation expense resulting from the modification of each award is equal to the excess of the fair value of the modified award on the date of modification over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The incremental compensation expense is recognized over the new derived service period of the modified award.

Accounting for Income Taxes

We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of our assets and liabilities using statutory tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse.

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We assess the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, if recovery is not more likely than not, we establish a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. Realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent on us generating sufficient taxable income in future years to obtain a benefit from the reversal of temporary differences and from net operating losses. Due to uncertainties related to the ability to utilize certain historical U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets in future periods, we have recorded a valuation allowance against these net deferred tax assets in the amount of $81.8 million, as of December 31, 2021. These assets consist primarily of net operating loss and tax credit carryovers and non-deductible stock-based compensation.  No valuation allowance is recorded against the acquired PandoLogic deferred tax assets as we have determined it is more likely than not they will be utilized.

In connection with the acquisition of PandoLogic, a deferred tax liability is established for the future consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of the acquired non-goodwill intangible assets and their respective tax basis. No deferred tax asset or liability is recorded on PandoLogic goodwill, $25,141 of which is not deductible for tax purposes. No valuation allowance is recorded on the acquired PandoLogic deferred tax assets attributable to US based entities that are presented separately from net deferred tax liabilities associated with our Israeli subsidiary.

Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and our valuation allowance. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, management has considered both the positive and negative evidence available, including but not limited to, our prior history of net losses, projected future outcomes, industry and market trends and the nature of existing deferred tax assets. In management’s judgment, any positive indicators are outweighed by the uncertainties surrounding our estimates and judgments of potential future taxable income, due primarily to uncertainties surrounding the timing of realization of future taxable income. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates or we adjust these estimates should we believe we would be able to realize these deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would increase income in the period such determination was made.

Results of Operations

The following tables set forth our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, in dollars and as a percentage of our revenue for those periods. The period-to-period comparisons of our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future.

(dollars in thousands)	Year Ended December 31,
	2021			2020
Revenue	$	115,305		$	57,708
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue		22,129			15,663
Sales and marketing		28,935			19,877
Research and development		25,075			14,379
General and administrative		97,918			50,080
Amortization		8,497			5,382
Total operating expenses		182,554			105,381
Loss from operations		(67,249	)		(47,673	)
Other expense, net		(600	)		(127	)
Loss before provision for income taxes		(67,849	)		(47,800	)
Provision for income taxes		2,744			76
Net loss	$	(70,593	)	$	(47,876	)

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	Year Ended December 31,
	2021			2020
Revenue		100.0	%		100.0	%
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue		19.2			27.1
Sales and marketing		25.1			34.4
Research and development		21.7			24.9
General and administrative		84.9			86.8
Amortization		7.4			9.3
Total operating expenses		158.3			182.5
Loss from operations		(58.3	)		(82.5	)
Other expense, net		(0.5	)		(0.2	)
Loss before provision for income taxes		(58.8	)		(82.7	)
Provision for income taxes		2.4			0.1
Net loss		(61.2	)		(82.8	)

Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared With Year Ended December 31, 2020

Revenue

Revenue for the periods presented were comprised of the following:

	Year Ended						Year Ended
(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2021						December 31, 2020
	Commercial		Government &				Commercial		Government &
	Enterprise		Regulated		Total		Enterprise		Regulated		Total
Software Products & Services (1)	$	55,484	$	4,031	$	59,515	$	10,712	$	3,151	$	13,863
Managed Services		55,790		-		55,790		43,845		-		43,845
Revenue	$	111,274	$	4,031	$	115,305	$	54,557	$	3,151	$	57,708

⁽¹⁾ Software Products & Services consists of aiWARE SaaS Solutions revenues of $21.2 million and $13.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, as well as PandoLogic revenues of $38.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021

Commercial Enterprise

CE Software Products & Services revenue increased $44.8 million, or 419%, in the year ended December 31, 2021compared to the corresponding prior year period due primarily due to the acquisition of PandoLogic in September 2021 coupled with expanded services to existing customers in media and entertainment.  CE Managed Services increased $11.9 million, or 27%, in the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the corresponding prior year period due to growth in new and existing advertising customers and increases in content licensing revenues in part due to resumption of sporting events in the first quarter of 2021 following the cancellation or postponement of substantially all major sporting events in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Government & Regulated Industries

GRI Software Products & Services revenue increased $0.9 million or 28% in the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the corresponding prior year period primarily due to growth in the government division, offset by timing of early stage energy deliverables. GRI Software Products & Services revenue from customers in certain markets, particularly government and energy customers, is often project-based and is impacted by the timing of projects. As such, we expect that our revenue from these markets could fluctuate significantly from period to period.

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Non-GAAP Gross Profit

As noted above, our non-GAAP gross profit is calculated as our revenue less our cost of revenue, as follows:

	Year Ended
(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2020
	2021			2020			$ Change		% Change
Revenue	$	115,305		$	57,708		$	57,597		99.8	%
Cost of revenue		22,129			15,663			6,466		41.3	%
Non-GAAP gross profit		93,176			42,045			51,131		121.6	%
Non-GAAP gross margin		80.8	%		72.9	%

The increase in non-GAAP gross profit and non-GAAP gross margin in 2021 compared to 2020 was due primarily to growth in Software Products & Services revenue, including the September 2021 acquisition of PandoLogic, which collectively generated incremental non-GAAP gross margins in excess of 80% during the three months ended December 31, 2021.

Operating Expenses

	Year Ended
(dollars in thousands)	December 31,
	2021		2020		$ Change		% Change
Cost of revenue	$	22,129	$	15,663	$	6,466		41.3	%
Sales and marketing		28,935		19,877		9,058		45.6	%
Research and development		25,075		14,379		10,696		74.4	%
General and administrative		97,918		50,080		47,838		95.5	%
Amortization		8,497		5,382		3,115		57.9	%
Total operating expenses	$	182,554	$	105,381	$	77,173		73.2	%

Cost of Revenue.  The increase in cost of revenue in 2021 compared to 2020 was primarily due to our higher revenue level, as discussed above. Cost of revenue increased at a lower rate than the increase in revenues due to the introduction of new products with higher non-GAAP gross margin contribution in 2021, including the addition of PandoLogic.

Sales and Marketing. The increase in sales and marketing expenses of $9.1 million or 46% in 2021 compared with 2020 was primarily due to the acquisition of PandoLogic, coupled with a $2.1 million increase in personnel-related costs from the addition of new sales and marketing resources and a $0.8 million increase in non-cash stock-based compensation expense.  As a percentage of revenue, sales and marketing expenses decreased to 25% in 2021 from 34% in 2020.

Research and Development. The increase in research and development expenses of $10.7 million or 74% in 2021 compared with 2020 was primarily due to an increase of $3.6 million in personnel-related costs from the addition of new engineering resources, the September 2021 acquisition of PandoLogic, and a $2.1 million increase in non-cash stock-based compensation attributable primarily to equity awards for new engineering resources and additional expense related to the accelerated vesting of certain Performance Options in the first quarter of fiscal year 2021. As a percentage of revenue, research and development expenses declined to 22% in 2021 from 25% in 2020.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased $47.8 million or 96% in 2021 compared to 2020 principally due to $41.8 million increases in non-recurring and non-cash expenses of (i) $18.3 million change in the fair value of contingent consideration associated with the PandoLogic transaction, (ii) $17.4 million in non-cash stock-based compensation expense, attributable primarily to additional expense related to the accelerated vesting of Performance Options in the first quarter of fiscal year 2021, (iii) $3.4 million in one-time charges related to the sublease of our former Costa Mesa corporate office space in the first quarter of 2021 and (iv) $2.7 million in transaction costs primarily related to the acquisition of PandoLogic.  In addition, general and administrative expenses increased $5.3 million associated with higher personnel-related costs and the addition of PandoLogic in the third quarter of fiscal year 2021. As a percentage of revenue, general and administrative expenses declined to 85% in 2021 from 87% in 2020.

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Amortization.  Amortization expense increased in 2021 compared with 2020 due to certain intangible assets that were acquired in 2017 being fully amortized during 2020, offset by the addition of PandoLogic amortization expense in the third quarter of fiscal year 2021.

Other Expense, Net

Other expense, net for 2021 was comprised primarily of interest expense of $0.5 million. In 2020, other expense, net was comprised primarily of warrant expense of $0.2 million, offset in part by interest income.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have historically financed our business through the sale of equity and debt securities.  Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents, which totaled $254.7 million as of December 31, 2021, compared with total cash and cash equivalents of $114.8 million as of December 31, 2020. The increase in our cash and cash equivalents in 2021 was primarily due to the issuance of the Convertible Notes in November 2021. The Convertible Notes, issued at par value, provided $201.3 million in gross proceeds, $18.6 million of which were used to fund the capped call transactions related to the Convertible Notes and $6.3 million of which were used to pay debt issuance costs for the Convertible Notes. Our largest use of cash in 2021 was $52.8 million paid in connection with the acquisition of PandoLogic. We also generated cash through proceeds from issuances of stock under employee stock plans of $7.9 million and proceeds from the exercise of warrants of $2.3 million.

Cash Flows

A summary of our operating, investing and financing activities is shown in the following table:

	Year Ended
(in thousands)	December 31,
	2021			2020
Cash provided by operating activities	$	7,234		$	1,433
Cash used in investing activities		(53,843	)		(119	)
Cash provided by financing activities		186,514			69,438
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	139,905		$	70,752

Cash Provided By Operating Activities

Our operating activities provided cash of $7.2 million in 2021, primarily due to a net increase of $31.0 million in cash received from advertising customers for future payments to vendors, offset by the effect of our net loss of $70.6 million, adjusted by $70.7 million in non-cash expenses, including $40.1 million in stock-based compensation expense and $18.3 million in change in the fair value of contingent consideration.

Our business strategy includes streamlining operational costs while investing in the development of our AI capabilities and enhancement of our Software Products & Services to grow our business and future revenue. We gauge the amount of cash utilized in these efforts using the Non-GAAP net income (loss) measure, as presented under the heading “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” above. Our provision or usage of cash as measured by Non-GAAP net income (loss) increased to a provision of $6.8 million in 2021 from a use of $20.6 million in 2020, due primarily to an increase in non-GAAP expenses.

Our operating activities provided cash of $1.4 million in 2020, primarily due to a net increase of $25.0 million in cash received from advertising customers for future payments to vendors, offset in part by the effect of our net loss of $47.9 million, adjusted by $26.3 million in non-cash expenses, including $19.5 million in stock-based compensation expense.

Cash Used in Investing Activities

In 2021, our investing activities used cash of $53.8 million, primarily to fund a portion of the consideration for the acquisition of PandoLogic.

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In 2020, our investing activities used $0.2 million in cash for capital expenditures, which was offset in part by minimal amounts received from the sale of equipment.

Cash Provided by Financing Activities

Our financing activities provided cash of $186.5 million in 2021. Net cash provided by financing activities consisted of $201.3 million in gross proceeds from the sale of the Convertible Notes, $7.9 million received from the exercise of stock options and purchases of shares under our ESPP and $2.3 million in proceeds received from the exercise of stock warrants, partially offset by a use of $18.6 million to fund the capped call transactions related to the Convertible Notes and a use of $6.3 million in debt issuance costs for the Convertible Notes.

Our financing activities provided cash of $69.4 million in 2020. Net cash provided by financing activities consisted of $66.3 million in net proceeds received from our sales of common stock, $2.1 million in proceeds received from the exercise of stock warrants and $1.1 million received from the exercise of stock options and purchases of shares under our ESPP. Proceeds received from loans that we received under the Paycheck Protection Program in April 2020 were repaid in full in May 2020.

Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2021, our only debt obligations were the Convertible Notes issued in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2021. We have no present agreements or commitments with respect to any material acquisitions of businesses or technologies or any other material capital expenditures.

We have generated significant losses since inception; however, we do expect to begin generating profits in the foreseeable future. With the acquisition of PandoLogic, we believe we have an opportunity to significantly improve our operating income/(loss) in 2022 as compared to 2021. We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents balance will be sufficient to fund our operations in the ordinary course of business for at least the next twelve months from the date of this filing. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by Item 305 of Regulation S-K.

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Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID Number 248)	47
Consolidated Balance Sheets	48
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss	49
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)	50
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	51
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	52

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders

Veritone, Inc.

Opinion on the financial statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Veritone, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity (deficit) , and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.

Newport Beach, California

March 17, 2022

47

VERITONE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except per share and share data)

	As of
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	254,722		$	114,817
Accounts receivable, net		85,063			16,666
Expenditures billable to clients		27,180			18,365
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		12,117			6,719
Total current assets		379,082			156,567
Property, equipment and improvements, net		1,556			2,354
Intangible assets, net		88,247			10,744
Goodwill		34,058			6,904
Long-term restricted cash		855			855
Other assets		954			230
Total assets	$	504,752		$	177,654
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Accounts payable	$	46,711		$	15,632
Accrued media payments		86,923			55,874
Client advances		10,561			6,496
Contingent consideration, current		19,988			-
Other accrued liabilities		27,093			10,246
Total current liabilities		191,276			88,248
Convertible senior notes, non-current		195,082			-
Contingent consideration, non-current		24,737			-
Other non-current liabilities		13,078			1,196
Total liabilities		424,173			89,444
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders' equity
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 34,972,256 and 31,799,354 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively		35			32
Additional paid-in capital		431,606			368,477
Accumulated deficit		(350,958	)		(280,365	)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		(104	)		66
Total stockholders' equity		80,579			88,210
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	504,752		$	177,654

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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VERITONE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(in thousands, except per share and share data)

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Revenue	$	115,305		$	57,708
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue		22,129			15,663
Sales and marketing		28,935			19,877
Research and development		25,075			14,379
General and administrative		97,918			50,080
Amortization		8,497			5,382
Total operating expenses		182,554			105,381
Loss from operations		(67,249	)		(47,673	)
Other expense, net		(600	)		(127	)
Loss before provision for income taxes		(67,849	)		(47,800	)
Provision for income taxes		2,744			76
Net loss	$	(70,593	)	$	(47,876	)
Net loss per share:
Basic and diluted	$	(2.12	)	$	(1.73	)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted		33,298,382			27,594,911
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss		(70,593	)		(47,876	)
Foreign currency translation gain (loss), net of income taxes		(170	)		20
Total comprehensive loss	$	(70,763	)	$	(47,856	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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VERITONE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

(in thousands, except share data)

												Accumulated
						Additional						Other
	Common Stock					Paid-in			Accumulated			Comprehensive
	Shares			Amount		Capital			Deficit			Income (Loss)			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019		25,670,737		$	26	$	279,828		$	(232,489	)	$	46		$	47,411
Common stock offerings, net		4,941,317			5		65,752			—			—			65,757
Common stock issued under employee stock plans, net		482,417			1		1,059			—			—			1,060
Common stock issued for services		12,100			—		95			—			—			95
Release of Machine Box holdback consideration		105,898			—		-			—			—			—
Stock-based compensation expense		—			—		19,481			—			—			19,481
Exercise of warrants		596,437			—		2,100			—			—			2,100
Issuance of warrants		—			—		308			—			—			308
Common stock returned from acquisition escrow		(9,552	)		—		(146	)		—			—			(146	)
Net loss		—			—		—			(47,876	)		—			(47,876	)
Other comprehensive income		—			—		—			—			20			20
Balance as of December 31, 2020		31,799,354			32		368,477			(280,365	)		66			88,210
Common stock issued under employee stock plans, net		1,176,984			1		7,902			—			—			7,903
Common stock issued for acquisition		1,704,822			2		31,499			—			—			31,501
Common stock issued for services		15,828			—		369			—			—			369
Stock-based compensation expense		—			—		39,696			—			—			39,696
Exercise of warrants		275,268			—		2,279			—			—			2,279
Purchases of capped calls related to convertible notes		—			—		(18,616	)		—			—			(18,616	)
Net loss		—			—		—			(70,593	)		—			(70,593	)
Other comprehensive loss		—			—		—			—			(170	)		(170	)
Balance as of December 31, 2021		34,972,256		$	35	$	431,606		$	(350,958	)	$	(104	)	$	80,579

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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VERITONE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(70,593	)	$	(47,876	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		9,035			6,407
Loss on disposal of fixed assets		1,894			—
Warrant expense		—			102
Change in fair value of warrant liability		—			200
Change in fair value of contingent consideration		18,325			—
Provision for doubtful accounts		172			293
Loss on sublease		1,211			—
Stock-based compensation expense		40,065			19,539
Common stock returned from acquisition escrow		—			(146	)
Other		—			(46	)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(47,225	)		4,393
Expenditures billable to clients		(8,815	)		(8,079	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		3,368			(1,726	)
Other assets		(241	)		—
Accounts payable		17,896			(1,382	)
Accrued media payments		31,049			29,210
Client advances		4,065			(2,584	)
Other accrued liabilities		8,184			3,311
Other liabilities		(1,156	)		(183	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		7,234			1,433
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from the sale of equipment		—			56
Capital expenditures		(1,016	)		(175	)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(52,827	)		—
Net cash used in investing activities		(53,843	)		(119	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from common stock offerings, net		—			66,278
Proceeds from loan		—			6,491
Repayment of loan		—			(6,491	)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes		201,250			—
Payment of debt issuance costs		(6,304	)		—
Purchases of capped calls related to convertible senior notes		(18,616	)		—
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants		2,279			2,100
Proceeds from issuances of stock under employee stock plans, net		7,905			1,060
Net cash provided by financing activities		186,514			69,438
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash		139,905			70,752
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period		115,672			44,920
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	255,577		$	115,672

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Cash paid during periods for:
Taxes paid	$	129	$	69
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Shares issued for acquisition of businesses and holdback consideration	$	31,499	$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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VERITONE, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share data and percentages)

NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Veritone, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Veritone”) (together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, collectively, the “Company”), is a provider of artificial intelligence (“AI”) computing solutions. The Company’s proprietary AI operating system, aiWARE^TM, uses machine learning algorithms, or AI models, together with a suite of powerful applications, to reveal valuable insights from vast amounts of structured and unstructured data. The aiWARE platform offers capabilities that mimic human cognitive functions such as perception, prediction and problem solving, enabling users to quickly, efficiently and cost effectively transform unstructured data into structured data, and analyze and optimize data to drive business processes and insights.  aiWARE is based on an open architecture that enables new AI models, applications and workflows to be added quickly and efficiently, resulting in a future-proof, scalable and evolving solution that can be leveraged by organizations across a broad range of business sectors, serving commercial enterprises as well as government and regulated industries.

In addition, the Company operates a full-service advertising agency that leverages the Company’s aiWARE technologies to provide differentiated Managed Services to its clients. The Company’s advertising services include media planning and strategy, advertisement buying and placement, campaign messaging, clearance verification and attribution, and custom analytics, specializing in host-endorsed and influencer advertising across primarily radio, podcasting, streaming audio, social media and other digital media channels. The Company’s advertising services also include its VeriAds Network, which is comprised of programs that enable broadcasters, podcasters and social media influencers to generate incremental advertising revenue. The Company also offers cloud-native digital content management solutions and licensing services, primarily to customers in the media and entertainment market. These offerings leverage the Company’s aiWARE technologies, providing customers with unique capabilities to enrich and drive expanded revenue opportunities from their content.

On September 14, 2021, the Company acquired PandoLogic Ltd. (“PandoLogic”), a company incorporated under the laws of the state of Israel, and a leading provider of intelligent hiring solutions, as discussed in more detail in Note 3.  PandoLogic’s software platform, PandoIQ, is an AI-enabled talent acquisition and recruitment platform. 

NOTE 2. PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Veritone, Inc. and all of its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications to other assets have been made to prior year amounts for consistency and comparability with the current year’s financial statement presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported total assets and liabilities.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

During 2021 and 2020, the Company generated cash flows from operations of $7,234 and $1,433, respectively, and incurred net losses of $70,593 and $47,876, respectively.  Also, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $350,958 as of December 31, 2021. Historically, the Company has satisfied its capital needs with the net proceeds from its sales of equity securities, its issuance of convertible debt, and the exercise of common stock warrants.  In 2021, the Company completed an offering of its convertible senior notes for aggregate net proceeds of $194,946 including $6,304 in debt issuance costs, used $18,616 of those net proceeds to purchase the capped call transactions related to the convertible senior notes, received net proceeds of $7,905 from the issuance of common stock under the Company’s employee stock plans and $2,279 from the exercise of common stock warrants. In 2020, the Company completed an offering of its common stock for aggregate net proceeds of $59,771 and raised net proceeds of $5,986 through sales of its common stock under an Equity Distribution Agreement dated June 1, 2018 (the “Equity Distribution Agreement”).

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In 2022, driven by the acquisition of PandoLogic in September 2021, the Company expects to generate positive consolidated cash flows from its operations. As a result, management believes that the Company’s existing balances of cash and cash equivalents, which totaled $254,722 as of December 31, 2021, will be sufficient to meet its anticipated cash requirements for the foreseeable future.

Use of Accounting Estimates

The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The principal estimates relate to the accounting recognition and presentation of revenue, allowance for doubtful accounts, purchase accounting, impairment of long-lived assets, the valuation of contingent consideration, the valuation of stock awards and stock warrants and income taxes, where applicable.

There has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to its estimates or assumptions or a revision of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities as of the date of filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

These estimates and assumptions may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained. As a result, actual results could differ materially from these estimates and assumptions.

Business Combinations

The results of a business acquired in a business combination are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the date of the acquisition. Purchase accounting results in assets and liabilities of an acquired business generally being recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Any excess consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill.

Transaction costs associated with business combinations are expensed as incurred and are included in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

The Company performs valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and allocates the purchase price to its respective assets and liabilities. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed may require management to use significant judgment and estimates, including the selection of valuation methodologies, estimates of future revenues, costs and cash flows, discount rates, and selection of comparable companies. The Company engages the assistance of valuation specialists in concluding on fair value measurements in connection with determining fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination.

Cash Equivalents

All highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase are classified as cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable and Expenditures Billable to Clients

Accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from the Company’s clients and customers under normal trade terms. Allowances for uncollectible accounts are recorded based upon a number of factors that are reviewed by the Company on an ongoing basis, including historical amounts that have been written off, an evaluation of current economic conditions, and an assessment of customer creditworthiness. Judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of accounts receivable.

The amounts due from clients based on costs incurred or fees earned that have not yet been billed to advertising clients are reflected as expenditures billable to clients in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy, which is based on three levels of inputs, the first two of which are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value, is as follows:

• Level 1 — quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

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• Level 2 — inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; or

• Level 3 — unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The Company classifies its cash equivalents within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy on the basis of valuations based on quoted prices for the specific securities in an active market.

The Company’s stock warrants are categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.  Stock warrants are recorded within other accrued liabilities and equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. The warrants have been recorded at their fair values using a probability weighted expected return model or Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model.  These models incorporate contractual terms and assumptions regarding expected term, risk-free rates and volatility.  The value of the Company’s stock warrants would increase if a higher risk-free interest rate was used and would decrease if a lower risk-free interest rate was used. Similarly, a higher volatility assumption would increase the value of the stock warrants, and a lower volatility assumption would decrease the value of the stock warrants. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist.

The Company’s contingent consideration is categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.  Contingent consideration is recorded within contingent consideration, current and contingent consideration, non-current in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021. The contingent consideration has been recorded at its fair values using a Monte Carlo simulation option pricing framework.  These models incorporate contractual terms and assumptions regarding financial forecasts for PandoLogic, discount rates, and volatility of forecasted revenue.  The value of the Company’s contingent consideration would increase if a lower discount rate was used and would increase if a higher discount rate was used. Similarly, a higher revenue volatility assumption would increase the value of the contingent consideration, and a lower revenue volatility assumption would decrease the value of the contingent consideration. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist.

The Company’s senior convertible notes are categorized as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, given that few of the senior convertible notes have been traded since issuance in November 2022. The Company has determined that the carrying value of the senior convertible notes approximates fair value as of December 31, 2021 due to the issuance at fair value occurring in close proximity to the period measured.

The Company’s other financial instruments consist primarily of cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable.  The Company has determined that the carrying values of these financial instruments approximate fair value for the periods presented due to their short-term nature and the relatively stable current interest rate environment.

Long-Term Restricted Cash

Long-term restricted cash consists primarily of collateral required as security for the Company’s corporate credit cards.

Property, Equipment and Improvements

Property, equipment and improvements are stated at cost. Repairs and maintenance to these assets are charged to expense as incurred. Major improvements enhancing the function and/or useful life of the related assets are capitalized. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (or lease term, if shorter) of the related assets. At the time of retirement or disposition of these assets, the cost and accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any related gains or losses are recorded in the Company’s statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

The useful lives of property, equipment and improvements are as follows:

• Property and equipment — 3 years

• Leasehold improvements — 5 years or the remaining lease term, whichever is shorter

The Company assesses the recoverability of property, equipment and improvements whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. No property, equipment and improvements were impaired in the periods presented.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations accounted for under the acquisition method. Intangible assets include acquired developed technology, licensed technology, customer relationships, noncompete covenants, and trademarks and tradenames. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the applicable amortization period as set forth below.

The amortization periods for intangible assets are as follows:

• Developed technology — 4 to 5 years

• Customer relationships — 5 to 7 years

• Noncompete agreements — 3 to 4 years

• Trademarks and trade names —2 to 5 years

• Licensed technology — lesser of the term of the agreement, or the estimated useful life

Intangible asset amortization expense is recorded in amortization on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Impairment of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

Goodwill is not amortized but instead is tested at least annually for impairment, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. The Company’s annual impairment test is performed during the second quarter.  In assessing goodwill impairment, the Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The Company’s qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill considers various macro-economic, industry-specific and company-specific factors. These factors include: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant company-specific actions, including exiting an activity in conjunction with restructuring of operations; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of the Company’s financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in the Company’s market capitalization below its net book value. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines it is unlikely that the fair value of such reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative analysis is unnecessary. However, if the Company concludes otherwise, or if it elects to bypass the qualitative analysis, then it is required to perform a quantitative analysis that compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired; otherwise, a goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the lesser of: (a) the amount that the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value; or (b) the amount of the goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

The Company reviews long-lived assets to be held and used, other than goodwill, for impairment at least annually, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If an evaluation of recoverability is required, the estimated undiscounted future cash flows directly associated with the asset are compared with the asset’s carrying amount. If the estimated future cash flows from the use of the asset are less than the carrying value, an impairment charge would be recorded to write down the asset to its estimated fair value.

No impairment of goodwill or long-lived assets was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue under its contracts with customers in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”). The Company derives its revenues primarily from two sources: (1) Software Products & Services, which are comprised primarily of subscription and related fees from customers for access to and use of the Company’s platforms and associated services delivered as software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) and (2) Managed Services, which are composed of content licensing revenues made up primarily of fees from customers for licenses to third-party content owners’ digital assets and advertising revenues.

The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company follows a five-step process to determine revenue recognition, as follows:

• Identifies the contract(s) with a customer;

• Identifies the performance obligations in the contract;

• Determines the transaction price;

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• Allocates the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

• Recognizes revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company enters into contracts with customers that may include promises to transfer multiple services.  The Company evaluates these services to determine whether they represent distinct, separately identifiable performance obligations that should be accounted for separately or as a single performance obligation.  For contracts containing multiple performance obligations, to meet the allocation objective of Topic 606, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) basis.  The SSP is the price at which the Company would sell a promised service separately to a customer.  For certain arrangements, the determinations regarding whether a contract contains multiple performance obligations and, if so, the SSP of each performance obligation, may require judgment by management.

Software Products & Services Revenues

aiWARE Revenues

The Company has agreements with its customers under which it provides customers with access to and use the Company’s aiWARE and digital content management platforms.  Under most agreements, the Company provides access to the platform, specified applications and associated data ingestion, hosting and/or processing services, and standard user support.  Fees for these services typically take the form of a fixed monthly subscription fee, with certain contracts specifying usage-based fees for data processing services in excess of the data processing services included as part of such subscription services. Fees for excess usage-based data processing services are accounted for as variable consideration.  In certain cases, the fixed monthly subscription fee may adjust during each monthly period of the contract based on changes in the monthly volume of services, at the rates established in the contract.  These contracts typically have terms ranging from one to three years, with renewal options, and do not contain refund-type provisions.  All significant services provided as part of these subscription arrangements are highly interdependent and constitute a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct services transferred to the customer in a similar manner throughout the contract term (collectively, the “subscription services”).  The fixed subscription fees are recognized as revenue over the contract term using the output method of passage of time, as this best depicts the pattern of control transfer. If a portion of the term of a contract is cancellable, the Company determines the transaction price for, and recognizes revenue ratably over, the non-cancellable portion of the term of the contract. In certain SaaS arrangements with broadcasters, the fees for subscription services are paid by broadcasters with advertising inventory that is provided to and monetized by the Company. The Company recognizes revenue for these arrangements based on the estimated fair value of the advertising inventory.

The Company also makes data processing, storage and transfer services available to customers through its aiWARE and digital content management platforms under usage-based arrangements with no minimum fees, either separately or in addition to subscription services as described above.  Fees are charged for actual usage of such services at the rates specified in the contract for each particular service.  Each of these distinct services represents an individual performance obligation. When sold in connection with subscription services, the Company considers the allocation guidance of Topic 606.

Variable consideration for usage-based data processing, storage and transfer services is recognized in the month in which it is earned, as the payment terms relate to a specific outcome (amount of data processed, stored or transferred) of delivering the distinct time increment (the month) of services, and represents the fees to which the Company expects to be entitled for providing the services, and allocating the variable fees in this way is consistent with the allocation objective of Topic 606.

The Company also enters into software license agreements with customers under which the Company provides software representing an on-premises deployment of its aiWARE platform or components thereof.  Under these license agreements, the customer is responsible for the installation and configuration of the software in the customer-controlled environment.  The Company recognizes the license fees as revenue under these agreements at the time that the software is made available by the Company for download by the customer.

The Company typically invoices its aiWARE SaaS customers for subscription services monthly, for on-premises software at the time the software is made available for download by the customer, and for professional services either monthly or in accordance with an agreed upon invoicing schedule.  Invoices are typically due and payable within 30 days following the date of invoice.  Amounts that have been invoiced are recorded in revenue or in deferred revenue, depending on whether transfer of control to customers of the promised services has occurred.  

PandoLogic Revenues

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The Company generates revenue primarily from platform services where it provides its customers access to intelligent hiring services, including ad placements on job boards. Revenue is derived from AI-enabled services, which uses software and algorithms to match buyers and sellers of digital job advertising in a technology-driven marketplace. The Company provides the use of its solution to clients to execute digital hiring campaigns at scale, which are typically ordered through monthly purchasing commitments. The Company charges clients a fee based on various performance indicators as outlined in our customer contracts including job advertisements placed, potential job applicants or other outputs of services placed through its platform, which is accounted for as variable consideration. All services provided as part of these arrangements are highly interdependent and constitute a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct services transferred to the customer in a similar manner throughout the contract term. Revenue is recognized over time using the input method of cost incurred as platform services are provided during each campaign as this best depicts the transfer of control. The Company determined that it is not a principal in the purchase and sale of job placements in its arrangements, and as a result, reports its revenue on a net basis for solution fees charged to clients. Costs to source applicants are recorded monthly over the period the services are delivered as an offset to revenue.

Managed Services Revenues

Advertising Revenues

The Company’s advertising services consist primarily of placing advertisements for clients with media vendors, including broadcasters, podcasters and digital media providers. Under the most common billing arrangements, the Company bills and collects the gross cost of the advertisement it places, less any discounts negotiated with its client from the media vendor’s standard agency fee. The Company then remits to the media vendor the gross amount less the standard agency fee. The amount billed to the client, less the amount payable to the media vendor, represents the Company’s fees and is recognized as revenue.

All significant services performed by the Company under its contracts with advertising clients in conjunction with media placements, including planning and placing media and verifying that advertisements have aired, represent a single performance obligation as such services are highly interrelated.  The Company’s fee, which represents the transaction price, is recognized as revenue at a point in time when the advertisement is aired, which is the point at which the Company has an enforceable right to payment of its fees.

The Company’s clients may be required to make a deposit or prepay the gross costs of advertisements, including the Company’s fees. Such amounts are reflected as accrued media payments on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets until all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

For certain advertising products, we provide advertisers with the opportunity to reach unique ad units and markets. Leveraging our aiWARE platform to programmatically manage clearance, verification and analysis of advertising performance, we create marketable advertising products through the curation of our broadcaster and influencer networks. We receive fees from advertisers or resellers as consideration for combined software and services performed by us. The amount expected to be received from the advertiser or through the reseller represents our fees which are recognized when our services are transferred to the customer. The Company concluded that it is the principal in delivering these products to customers and as a result reports revenue on a gross basis.

Licensing Revenues

The Company has agreements with third-party owners of digital assets pursuant to which the Company licenses those assets to customers and remits royalties to the content owners. In licensing such third-party digital assets, the Company hosts public and private content libraries on the Company’s platform to enable customers to view and search for digital assets to be licensed, establishes and negotiates with customers the scope and term of, and the prices for, licenses to those digital assets, and makes the licensed digital assets available to the end-customers.  The Company is considered the principal under most agreements that have this range of services due to obtaining control prior to transfer of the assets, and the Company records the revenue from the customer gross of royalties due to the content owner. In limited cases, the Company does not obtain control prior to transfer of the assets, and accordingly, the Company records revenues net of royalties due to the content owner.

The Company licenses digital assets under (i) individual license agreements, pursuant to which the customer licenses a particular digital asset (or set of digital assets) for a specified license fee, and (ii) bulk license agreements, pursuant to which the customer pays a fixed fee to have access to view and search third-party owners’ content and to license a specified number

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of minutes of that content in each year over the term of the contracts, which typically range from one to three years, with certain contracts specifying usage-based license fees for additional digital assets that may be licensed by the customer. 

Under individual license agreements, the Company has a single performance obligation, which is to make the licensed digital assets available to the customer, generally by download.  The Company recognizes the license fees charged for the digital assets as revenue when the licensed digital assets are made available to the customer.

Under bulk license agreements, the Company’s obligations include hosting the content libraries for access and searching by the customer, updating the libraries with new content provided by the content owner, and making assets selected by the customer available for download, throughout the term of the contract.  All of these services are highly interdependent and constitute a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct services transferred to the customer in a similar manner throughout the contract term.  The predominant item in the single performance obligation is a license providing a right to access the content library throughout the license period. For these arrangements, the Company recognizes the total fixed fees under the contract as revenue ratably over the term of the contract as the performance obligation is satisfied, as this best depicts the pattern of control transfer.  If the customer selects digital assets in excess of the amount included in the fixed fees under the contract, the Company constrains the variable consideration until the usage occurs and recognizes such usage-based license fees as the digital assets are made available to the customer, consistent with the usage-based royalty accounting of Topic 606.

Gross Versus Net Revenue Recognition

The Company reports revenue on a gross or net basis based on management’s assessment of whether the Company acts as a principal or agent in the transaction. To the extent the Company acts as the principal, revenue is reported on a gross basis, net of any sales tax from customers, when applicable. The determination of whether the Company acts as a principal or an agent in a transaction is based on an evaluation of whether the Company controls the good or service prior to transfer to the customer. The Company has determined that it acts as the principal in providing all of its services with the exception of certain content licensing services, advertising services and PandoLogic services, where the Company recognizes its fees on a net basis.

Remaining Performance Obligations

As of December 31, 2021, the aggregate amount of the transaction prices under the Company’s contracts allocated to the Company’s remaining performance obligations was $8,186, approximately 56% of which the Company expects to recognize as revenue over the next twelve months, and the remainder thereafter.  This aggregate amount excludes amounts allocated to remaining performance obligations under contracts that have an original duration of one year or less and variable consideration that is allocated to remaining performance obligations.  Excluded based on this policy are balances related to PandoLogic representing gross purchase orders to be satisfied in less than one year.  

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue related to the Company’s advertising business consists of production costs relating to advertising content for advertisements placed for clients, and amounts payable to media vendors under revenue sharing arrangements for ad inventory transferred to and monetized by the Company.

Cost of revenue related to the Company’s Software Products & Services consists primarily of fees charged by vendors for cloud infrastructure, computing and storage services and cognitive processing services related to the operation of the Company’s platforms. The Company’s arrangements with cloud infrastructure providers typically require fees that are based on computing time, data storage and transfer volumes, and reserved computing capacity. The Company also pays fees to third-party providers of AI models, which are generally based upon the hours of media processed through their models.

Cost of revenue related to the Company’s Managed Services include royalties paid to content owners on revenue generated from the Company’s licensing of their content, and fees charged by vendors that provide products and services in support of the Company’s live event services and obtaining of talent and property clearances.  

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Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the award.

Prior to the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”), the fair values of restricted stock awards were estimated at the date of grant by using both the option-pricing method and the probability-weighted expected return method. All restricted stock awards granted prior to the Company’s IPO have vested in full as of the fourth quarter of 2020. Following the Company’s IPO, the fair values of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards granted by the Company are based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

The Company estimates the fair values of stock options having time-based vesting conditions, as well as purchase rights under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model.  The Company’s performance-based stock options vest if a specified target price for the Company’s common stock is achieved.  The Company estimates the fair values of performance-based stock options utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model, to estimate the date that the specified stock price targets will be achieved (the attainment date), and the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. A fair value is determined for each tranche of such performance-based stock options that is tied to a particular stock price target.

Determining the appropriate fair values of stock options and ESPP purchase rights at the grant date requires significant judgment, including estimating the volatility of the Company’s common stock, the expected term of awards, and the derived service periods for each tranche of performance stock options. In determining fair values, the Company estimated volatility based on the historical volatility of its own common stock along with the volatility of the peer group. In calculating estimated volatility, as the number of years of trading history for the Company’s common stock has increased, the volatility of the Company’s common stock has been given a weighting ranging from 25% to 50% and the volatility of the peer group companies has been given a weighting ranging from 75% to 50%, with each peer company weighted equally. The Company will continue utilizing this combination and will periodically adjust the weightings as additional historical volatility data for its own shares of common stock becomes available.  

The expected term for stock options other than performance-based stock options represents the period of time that stock options are expected to be outstanding and is determined using the simplified method. Under the simplified method, the expected term is calculated as the midpoint between the weighted average vesting date and the contractual term of the options. The expected term for performance-based stock options considers the remaining term of the option after the attainment date and the ratio of the stock price at the attainment date to the option exercise price.

The risk-free rate is based on the implied yield of U.S. Treasury notes as of the grant date with a remaining term approximately equal to the expected term of the award.

The assumptions used in the Company’s Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing and Monte Carlo simulation models represent management’s best estimates. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. 

The fair value of stock-based awards (other than performance-based stock options) is amortized using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period. For performance-based stock options, expense is recognized over a graded-vesting attribution basis over the period from the grant date to the estimated attainment date, which is the derived service period of each tranche of the award.

In recording stock-based compensation expense, the Company accounts for actual forfeitures as they occur and does not estimate forfeitures.

If performance options are modified, the fair values and the new derived service periods of the modified awards as of the date of modification and the fair values of the original awards immediately before the modification are determined.  The amount of incremental compensation expense resulting from the modification of each award is equal to the excess of the fair value of the modified award on the date of modification over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The incremental compensation expense is recognized over the new derived service period of the modified award.

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Advertising and Marketing Costs

Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred and are primarily included in sales and marketing expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Advertising and marketing costs include personnel-related costs for sales and marketing resources, online and print advertising, public relations, tradeshows, and sponsorships. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded expense of $2,681 and $1,214, respectively, for advertising and marketing costs.

Research and Development Costs and Software Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Costs related to the development of computer software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed by the Company in the future are expensed as incurred. The costs of internal-use software that is developed to meet the Company’s needs and will not be marketed externally is subject to capitalization. The company capitalized $413 of software development costs in 2021 and $72 software development costs were capitalized in 2020.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities using statutory tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse.

The Company assesses the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, if recovery is not more likely than not, the Company establishes a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. Realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent on the Company generating sufficient taxable income in future years to obtain a benefit from the reversal of temporary differences and from net operating losses.

The Company utilizes a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to determine whether the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes. If the first test is met, then the second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount which is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss consists of net loss and other gains and losses affecting equity that are excluded from net loss. These consist of foreign currency translation adjustments.

Segment Information

The Company reports segment information based on the internal reporting used by the chief operating decision maker for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Company’s reportable segments. As of October 1, 2021, the Company determined that there was a change in the internal reporting for such information reviewed by the chief operating decision maker. As a result, the Company determined that it has one reportable segment.

The chief operating decision maker reviews financial information on a consolidated basis, accompanied by more detailed revenue information for Commercial Enterprise and Government & Regulated Industries (see Note 8), but does not evaluate other metrics such as cost of revenue, operating expenses, total assets, net income (loss), capital expenditures, goodwill or other intangible assets financial information on a more disaggregated basis. The Company’s revenues are generated primarily in the United States of America and it therefore does not report additional information on geographic segments.

Significant Customers

One individual customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021.  No individual customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020. Two individual customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable as of December 31, 2021, and two individual customers accounted for 10% or more of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020.

Concentration of Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with what management believes are quality financial institutions in the United States and performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions in order to limit the amount of credit exposure with any one institution. At times, the value of the United States deposits exceeds federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

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Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). The JOBS Act permits emerging growth companies to take advantage of an extended transition period to comply with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. The Company has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards under Section 107 of the JOBS Act. This election allows the Company to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until those standards apply to private companies.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020—06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models available for convertible instruments. This guidance also eliminates the treasury stock method to calculate diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments and requires the use of the if-converted method. The Company early adopted the standard as of January 1, 2021 and applied this guidance to the convertible senior notes issued in November 2021. Refer to Note 4 for additional information.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The amendments under this pronouncement will change the way all leases with duration of one year or more are treated. Under this guidance, lessees will be required to capitalize virtually all leases on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and an associated financing lease liability or capital lease liability. The right-of-use asset represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the specified lease term. The lease liability represents the lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease, measured on a discounted basis. Based on certain characteristics, leases are classified as financing leases or operating leases. Financing lease liabilities, those that contain provisions similar to capitalized leases, are amortized in the same manner as capital leases are amortized under current accounting rules, as amortization expense and interest expense in the statement of operations. Operating lease liabilities are amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease as lease expense in the statement of operations. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning with the first quarter of fiscal year 2022. The Company will adopt on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective method, with the new guidance applied prospectively as of the date of adoption and prior periods not restated. Upon adoption, the Company expects to recognize operating lease liabilities of $4.5 million and operating lease right-of-use assets of $1.1 million.

In September 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326). which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures as well as the timing of adoption.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12 to simplify the accounting in ASC 740, Income Taxes. This standard removes certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. This guidance also clarifies and simplifies other areas of ASC 740. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2022, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on its financial statements and related disclosures as well as the timing of adoption.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires entities to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, in order to align the recognition of a contract liability with the definition of a performance obligation. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on its financial statements and related disclosures as well as the timing of adoption.

NOTE 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

On September 14, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of PandoLogic Ltd., a company incorporated under the laws of the state of Israel, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) dated as of July 21, 2021. PandoLogic is a leading provider of intelligent hiring solutions and utilizes its proprietary platform to accelerate the time and

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improve the efficiency in the process for employers hiring at scale for both mass market and difficult-to-source candidates. PandoLogic’s fully autonomous recruiting platform helps employers source talent faster and more efficiently with predictive algorithms, machine learning and AI.

The total purchase consideration for PandoLogic was $122,451 (the “Merger Consideration”), which consisted of upfront consideration of $58,733 in cash and $31,500 for the fair value of the Company’s 1,704,822 shares of common stock, up to $65,000 in contingent consideration based on achieving certain earnouts tied to financial performance of PandoLogic in fiscal 2021 and 2022, which amount will be paid in a combination of cash and common stock (the “Earnout”), and a net working capital adjustment of $5,818 paid in cash. The Company utilized a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate the fair value of the Earnout. The fair value of the Earnout was estimated to be $30,000 as of September 14, 2021, $26,400 of which was deemed to be purchase consideration and recorded within contingent consideration current and contingent consideration non-current on the consolidated balance sheet. The remaining $3,600 will be recognized as compensation expense over the Earnout period in the general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Subsequent to the acquisition date, the Company is required to reassess its estimate of the fair value of the Earnout, including certain future Earnout obligations triggered on employment status of certain PandoLogic management employees, and record any changes in earnings when the estimate is based on information not known as of the acquisition date (See Note 6). The Company incurred $2,161 in acquisition related expenses and has recorded them in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

The following table summarizes the fair value of the purchase price consideration (in thousands):

Acquisition consideration	Amount
Cash consideration at closing	$	58,733
Equity consideration at closing		31,500
Contingent earnout		26,400
Net working capital adjustment		5,818
Total	$	122,451

The allocation of the purchase consideration to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed is based on estimated fair values and is as follows (in thousands):

Purchase price allocation**	Amount
Cash	$	11,581
Accounts receivable		21,344
Prepaid and other current assets		8,710
Property and equipment		618
Intangible assets		86,000
Other assets		1,653
Total assets acquired		129,906
Accounts payable		13,183
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		9,443
Deferred tax liability		11,828
Total liabilities assumed		34,454
Identifiable net assets acquired	$	95,452
Goodwill		26,999
Total purchase consideration	$	122,451

**The excess of the total consideration over the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets, and assumed liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is primarily attributable to operational efficiencies from operating PandoLogic products on aiWARE as well as opportunities to cross-sell into our commercial enterprise customer base.

Identifiable Intangible Assets

The identifiable intangible assets acquired consisted of developed technology, customer relationships and tradename with estimated useful lives of 4-7 years. The Company amortizes the fair value of these intangible assets on a straight-line basis over their respective useful lives.

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The fair value of the intangible assets has been estimated using a combination of the income and cost approaches. Under the income approach, the after-tax cash flows associated with the asset are discounted to present value. The key assumptions include the Company's estimates of the projected cash flows and discount rates. Under the cost approach, the replacement cost is used to estimate the value of the asset. The key assumptions include the Company's estimates of the direct and indirect costs required to replace the asset. The valuation of the intangible assets acquired from PandoLogic along with their estimated useful lives, is as follows (in thousands):

	Estimated Fair Value		Estimated Useful Lives (in years)
Customer relationships		68,000	5 - 7
Developed technology		16,000		4
Trade name		2,000		5
Total intangible assets	$	86,000

Taxes

In connection with the acquisition, a net deferred tax liability of $11,828 was established primarily for the differences between the fair value of the acquired non-goodwill intangible assets and PandoLogic’s historical tax basis in these assets.  No deferred tax asset or liability is recorded on PandoLogic goodwill, $25,141 of which is not deductible for tax purposes.  In August 2021, PandoLogic obtained the approval for Preferred Technology Enterprise status under which its Israeli tax rate is reduced from the 23% statutory rate to a 12% beneficial rate.  This arrangement is scheduled to expire in December 2025.  The acquired Israel deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based on the tax rate in the year of their expected reversal.  No valuation allowance is recorded against acquired PandoLogic deferred tax assets as it is more likely than not they will be utilized to offset future taxable income.

Unaudited Pro Forma Results

The unaudited pro forma financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations for Veritone and PandoLogic as if the companies were combined for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The unaudited pro forma financial information for all periods presented included the business combination accounting effects resulting from this acquisition, including adjustments to reflect recognition of intangible asset amortization and accretion of contingent consideration. The unaudited pro forma financial information as presented below is for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisitions had taken place at the beginning of January 1, 2020.

The unaudited pro forma financial information was as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended			Year Ended
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Net revenue	$	148,129		$	105,094
Loss before provision for income taxes	$	(69,474	)	$	(33,965	)
Net loss	$	(73,145	)	$	(32,191	)

The Company recognized $38,315 in revenue and $18,317 of net income related to PandoLogic since the acquisition date of September 14 through December 31, 2021 in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

NOTE 4. DEBT

Convertible Senior Notes

In November, 2021, the Company issued, at par value, $201.3 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% convertible senior notes due 2026 (the “Convertible Notes”). The issuance included the full exercise of an option granted by the Company to the initial purchasers of the Convertible Notes to purchase an additional $26.25 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes were issued pursuant to and are subject to the terms and conditions of an indenture, which is referred to as the Indenture, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The Convertible Notes were offered and sold in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

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The Convertible Notes are senior, unsecured obligations of the Company and will bear interest at a rate of 1.75% per year. Interest will accrue from November 19, 2021 and will be payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on May 15, 2022. The Convertible Notes will mature on November 15, 2026, unless earlier converted, redeemed, or repurchased in accordance with the terms of the Convertible Notes.

Holders of the Convertible Notes may convert all or any portion of their Convertible Notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding May 15, 2026, only under the following conditions: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2022 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock and the conversion rate for the Convertible Notes on each such trading day; (3) if the Company calls such Convertible Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the applicable redemption date; or (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after May 15, 2026, holders may convert all or any portion of their Convertible Notes at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date regardless of the foregoing conditions. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of its common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at the Company’s election.

The conversion rate for the Convertible Notes will initially be 27.2068 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $36.76 per share of common stock). The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment in some events but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the maturity date or following the Company’s issuance of a notice of redemption, the Company will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its Convertible Notes in connection with such a corporate event or who elects to convert its Convertible Notes called (or deemed called) for redemption during the related redemption period, as the case may be.

The Company may not redeem the Convertible Notes prior to November 20, 2024. The Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the Convertible Notes (subject to certain limitations), at its option, on or after November 20, 2024 if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. No sinking fund is provided for the Convertible Notes.

If the Company undergoes a fundamental change prior to the maturity date, subject to certain conditions, holders may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their Convertible Notes. The fundamental change repurchase price will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.

The Convertible Notes are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to all of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes; equal in right of payment with all existing and future liabilities of the Company that are not so subordinated; effectively junior to any of secured indebtedness of the Company to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) and any preferred equity of the Company’s current or future subsidiaries.

The net proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes were approximately $194.9 million, after deducting debt issuance costs. The total debt issuance costs incurred and recorded by the Company amounted to $6.3 million, which were recorded as a reduction to the face amount of the Convertible Notes and will be amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes are recorded as a liability within convertible senior notes, non-current.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, interest expense related to the Convertible Notes and amortization of the issuance costs was $0.5 million. The effective annual interest rate for 2021 was approximately 2.42%. As of December 31, 2021, the if-converted value of the Convertible Notes did not exceed the outstanding principal amount. As of December 31,

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2021, the total principal at issuance of the Convertible Notes of $201.3 million approximates fair value due to the issuance at fair value occurring in close proximity to the period measured.

Capped Calls

In connection with the pricing of the Convertible Notes, with the full exercise by the initial purchasers of their option to purchase additional Convertible Notes in November 2021, the Company used approximately $18.6 million of the net proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes to enter into privately negotiated capped call transactions, which are referred to as the capped calls, with various financial institutions.

The capped call transactions will cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the Convertible Notes, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock underlying the Convertible Notes. The capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution to the Company’s common stock upon conversion of the Convertible Notes and/or offset some or all of any cash payments the Company is required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted Convertible Notes, as the case may be, in the event that the market price per share of the Company’s common stock, as measured under the terms of the capped call transactions, is greater than the strike price of the capped call transactions, which initially corresponds to the conversion price of the Convertible Notes and is subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the conversion rate of the Convertible Notes. If, however, the market price per share of the Company’s common stock, as measured under the terms of the capped call transactions, exceeds the cap price of the capped call transactions, there would nevertheless be dilution and/or there would not be an offset of such potential cash payments, in each case, to the extent that such market price exceeds the cap price of the capped call transactions. The initial cap price of the capped calls is $48.55 per share of common stock, which represents a premium of 75% over the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock of $27.74 per share on November 16, 2021, and is subject to certain customary adjustments under the terms of the capped calls; provided that the cap price will not be reduced to an amount less than the strike price of $35.76 per share.

The capped call transactions are separate transactions and are not part of the terms of the Convertible Notes. The capped calls meet the criteria for classification as equity and, as such, are not remeasured each reporting period and are included as a reduction to additional paid-in-capital within stockholders’ equity.

NOTE 5. NET LOSS PER SHARE 

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Numerator
Net loss	$	(70,593	)	$	(47,876	)
Denominator
Weighted-average common shares outstanding		33,310,794			27,609,403
Less:  Weighted-average shares subject to repurchase		(12,412	)		(14,492	)
Denominator for basic and diluted net loss per share    attributable to common stockholders		33,298,382			27,594,911
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(2.12	)	$	(1.73	)

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The Company reported net losses for both periods presented and, as such, all potentially dilutive shares of common stock would have been antidilutive for such periods. The table below presents the weighted-average securities (in common equivalent shares) outstanding during the periods presented that have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Common stock options and restricted stock units		9,913,421		10,251,790
Warrants to purchase common stock		548,374		1,470,812
Common stock issuable in connection with convertible senior notes		5,475,369		—
Total		15,937,164		11,722,602

NOTE 6. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Cash, Cash Equivalents

The Company’s money market funds are categorized as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were as follows:

			Gross				Cash and
			Unrealized		Fair		Cash
	Cost		Losses		Value		Equivalents
Cash	$	253,693	$	—	$	253,693	$	253,693
Level 1:
Money market funds		1,029		—		1,029		1,029
Total	$	254,722	$	—	$	254,722	$	254,722

As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were as follows:

			Gross				Cash and
			Unrealized		Fair		Cash
	Cost		Losses		Value		Equivalents
Cash	$	44,795	$	—	$	44,795	$	44,795
Level 1:
Money market funds		70,022		—		70,022		70,022
Total	$	114,817	$	—	$	114,817	$	114,817

Contingent Consideration

All of the Company’s contingent consideration liabilities are categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Contingent consideration was valued at the time of acquisition using the Monte Carlo simulation model. This model incorporates revenue volatility, internal rate of return, and risk-free rate. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist. 

The following table summarizes quantitative information with respect to the significant unobservable inputs that were used to value the contingent consideration as of December 31, 2021:

	Contingent
	Consideration
Revenue volatility		15	%
Internal rate of return		45	%
Risk-free rate		1.9	%

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As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s contingent consideration liabilities current and non-current balances were as follows:

			Changes in		Fair		Contingent
	Cost		Fair Value		Value		Consideration
Level 3:
Contingent consideration, current		18,017		1,971		19,988		19,988
Contingent consideration, non-current		8,383		16,354		24,737		24,737
Total	$	26,400	$	18,325	$	44,725	$	44,725

Stock Warrants

All of the Company’s outstanding stock warrants are categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Stock warrants have been recorded at their fair value using either a probability weighted expected return model, the Monte Carlo simulation model or the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. These models incorporate contractual terms, maturity, risk-free interest rates and volatility. The value of the Company’s stock warrants would increase if a higher risk-free interest rate was used, and would decrease if a lower risk-free interest rate was used. Similarly, a higher volatility assumption would increase the value of the stock warrants, and a lower volatility assumption would decrease the value of the stock warrants. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist.

In April 2020, in connection with a consulting agreement between the Company and a consulting firm, the Company issued to such firm a warrant to purchase up to 50,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Compensation Warrant”). The Compensation Warrant was fully vested and exercisable upon issuance, had an exercise price of $3.01 per share and was fully exercised prior to its expiration on December 31, 2021. The holder was able to redeem the warrant for a number of shares having a value equal to the in-the-money value of the warrant. The fair value of this stock warrant was $59, which was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and was recorded in general and administrative operating expenses during the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company also issued to such firm in connection with the consulting agreement an additional warrant to purchase up to 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Performance Warrant” and collectively with the Compensation Warrant, the “2020 Stock Warrants”). The Performance Warrant has an exercise price of $3.01 per share, shall vest and become exercisable in three substantially equal installments of 133,333 shares upon the achievement of specified performance goals and/or a market condition, and expires on December 31, 2023. The market condition was achieved in 2020 and, accordingly, the first installment of 133,333 shares underlying the Performance Warrant has vested and is exercisable. The fair value of the installment of the Performance Warrant tied to the market condition is $43, which was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model and was recorded in general and administrative operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company has not recorded any fair value with respect to the remaining installments linked to performance goals, because the achievement of such performance goals is not considered probable.  

The following table summarizes quantitative information with respect to the significant unobservable inputs that were used to value the 2020 Stock Warrants:

	Compensation			Performance
	Warrant			Warrant
Volatility		88	%		85	%
Risk-free rate		0.23	%		0.34	%
Term	1.7 years				4

In April 2018, in connection with the advisory agreement between the Company and a financial advisory firm, the Company issued such firm a five-year warrant to purchase up to 20,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (“April 2018 Warrant”). The April 2018 Warrant was fully vested and exercisable upon issuance and has an exercise price of $11.73 per share and expires on April 6, 2023. The Company recorded this stock warrant at its fair value of $207 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The holder may redeem the warrant for a number of shares having a value equal to the in-the-money value of the warrant. The April 2018 Warrant was outstanding at December 31, 2021.

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NOTE 7. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Goodwill

The carrying amount of goodwill was $34,058 as of December 31, 2021 and $6,904 as of December 31, 2020. The increase in the carrying amount of goodwill is due solely to the acquisition of PandoLogic in September 2021.

Intangible Assets

The following table sets forth the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets resulting from business acquisitions and other purchases, which continue to be amortized:

			December 31, 2021							December 31, 2020
	Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Software and technology		0.2	$	3,582	$	(3,515	)	$	67	$	3,582	$	(3,357	)	$	225
Licensed technology		0.0		500		(500	)		—		500		(375	)		125
Developed technology		3.3		25,600		(7,564	)		18,036		9,600		(4,480	)		5,120
Customer relationships		6.2		77,300		(9,157	)		68,143		9,300		(4,340	)		4,960
Noncompete agreements		0.6		800		(683	)		117		800		(486	)		314
Trade names		4.7		2,100		(216	)		1,884		—		—			—
Total		5.6	$	109,882	$	(21,635	)	$	88,247	$	23,782	$	(13,038	)	$	10,744

The following table presents future amortization of the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets at December 31, 2021:

2022	$	18,549
2023		17,091
2024		14,571
2025		13,405
2026		9,988
Thereafter		14,643
Total	$	88,247

NOTE 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DETAILS

Consolidated Balance Sheets Details

Cash and cash equivalents

As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $254,722 and $114,817, respectively, including $66,401 and $40,052, respectively, of cash received from advertising customers and content licensees for future payments to vendors.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable consisted of the following:

	As of
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Accounts receivable — Managed Services(1)	$	21,347		$	14,916
Accounts receivable — Software Products & Services(2)		59,568			—
Accounts receivable — Other		4,926			1,868
		85,841			16,784
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts		(778	)		(118	)
Accounts receivable, net	$	85,063		$	16,666

⁽¹⁾ Accounts receivable – Managed Services reflects the amounts due from the Company’s advertising customers.

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⁽²⁾ Accounts receivable – Software Products & Services reflects the amounts due from the Company’s PandoLogic customers.

Property, Equipment and Improvements, Net

Property, equipment and improvements consisted of the following:

	As of
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Property and equipment	$	4,262		$	2,365
Leasehold improvements		167			2,899
		4,429			5,264
Less: accumulated depreciation		(2,873	)		(2,910	)
Property, equipment and improvements, net	$	1,556		$	2,354

Depreciation expense was $538 and $1,025 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

During 2021, primarily in connection with the sublease of its former corporate office space located in Costa Mesa, California, the Company wrote-off approximately $3,852 in property and equipment and leasehold improvements and recorded a net loss on disposal of $1,894. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company disposed of $34 in property, equipment, and improvements and recorded a $10 loss on disposal.

Accounts Payable

Accounts payable consisted of the following:

	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Accounts payable — Managed Services(1)	$	23,613	$	14,688
Accounts payable — Other		23,098		944
Total	$	46,711	$	15,632

⁽¹⁾ Accounts payable –Managed Services reflects the amounts due to media vendors for advertisements placed on behalf of the Company’s advertising clients.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss Details

Revenue

Revenue for the periods presented were comprised of the following:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Commercial Enterprise	$	111,274	$	54,557
Government & Regulated Industries		4,031		3,151
Total revenue	$	115,305	$	57,708

In the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, the Company realigned its organization to improve focus and growth into two customer groups: (1) Commercial Enterprise, which today consists of customers in the commercial sector, including our media and entertainment customers, advertising customers, content licensing customers and PandoLogic customers; and (2) Government & Regulated Industries, which today consists of customers in the government and regulated industries sectors, including our state, local and federal government, legal, compliance and energy customers.

Software Products & Services consists of revenue generated from our aiWARE platform and PandoLogic’s talent acquisition solutions, any related support and maintenance services, and any related professional services associated with the deployment and or implementation of such solutions.

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Managed Services consists of revenues generated from our content licensing customers and advertising agency customers and related services.

The tables below illustrate the presentation of our revenues based on the above definitions:

	Year Ended
	December 31, 2021
			Government &
	Commercial		Regulated
	Enterprise		Industries		Total
Total Software Products & Services(1)	$	55,484	$	4,031	$	59,515
Managed Services
Advertising		40,800		—		40,800
Content Licensing		14,990		—		14,990
Total Managed Services		55,790		—		55,790
Total Revenue	$	111,274	$	4,031	$	115,305

⁽¹⁾ Software Products & Services consists of aiWARE revenues of $21,200 as well as PandoLogic revenues of $38,315

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	Year Ended
	December 31, 2020
			Government &
	Commercial		Regulated
	Enterprise		Industries		Total
Total Software Products & Services	$	10,712	$	3,151	$	13,863
Managed Services
Advertising		31,550		—		31,550
Content Licensing		12,295		—		12,295
Total Managed Services		43,845		—		43,845
Total Revenue	$	54,557	$	3,151	$	57,708

Other Expense, Net

Other expense, net for the periods presented was comprised of the following:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Interest (expense) income, net	$	(538	)	$	85
Change in fair value of warrant liability		—			(200	)
Other		(62	)		(12	)
Other expense, net	$	(600	)	$	(127	)

NOTE 9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Leases

The Company leases facilities under operating lease arrangements expiring at various years through fiscal 2024. Certain of the Company’s leases contain standard rent escalation and renewal clauses. Under certain leases, the Company is required to pay operating expenses in addition to base rent.  Rent expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

In February 2021, the Company entered into an office sublease (the “Sublease”) with a third party (the “Subtenant”), pursuant to which the Company has subleased its former office space located in Costa Mesa, California, consisting of approximately 37,875 square feet, which the Company leases pursuant to an existing lease agreement expiring in 2024 (the “Lease”). The term of the Sublease commenced in March 2021 and will continue through December 31, 2024, coterminous with the Lease. Pursuant to the Sublease, the Subtenant will pay to the Company monthly base rent, which is subject to annual rent escalations, as well as a portion of the operating expenses and taxes payable by the Company under the Lease. The Company recognized contract termination costs as a liability when it ceased using the rights conveyed under the Lease. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded approximately $3,367 in charges resulting from the Sublease, consisting of $1,894 loss on disposal of property and equipment and leasehold improvements, $1,211 loss on sublease, and $262 in initial direct costs.

On December 8, 2021, the Company signed an office lease (the “Lease”) pursuant to which the Company will lease office space located at 5921 California Avenue, Irvine, California, consisting of approximately 13,437 square feet. The Lease agreement is between the Company and Cloudvirga, Inc. (the “Sublessor”), subject to the written consent of the Landlord to the Sublessor’s original lease. The term of the Lease will commence on January 1, 2022 and will continue through December 31, 2023.  Pursuant to the Lease, the Company will pay to the Sublessor base rent in an amount of $27 per month, with rent abated during the second month of the term. While the Lease had not yet commenced during the year ending December 31, 2021, because the Lease was signed in 2021 the payments for the Lease are included within our future minimum lease payments below.

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As of December 31, 2021, future minimum lease payments were as follows:

2022		2,532
2023		2,091
2024		1,730
Total minimum payments	$	6,353

As of December 31, 2021, minimum sublease rental income to be received in the future under noncancelable subleases was approximately $3,402. The total rent expense for all operating leases was $4,668 and $2,987 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Sales Taxes

 The Company collects and remits sales tax in jurisdictions in which it has a physical presence or it believes nexus exists, which therefore obligates the Company to collect and remit sales tax. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded a $516 liability and a $1,036 liability, respectively, for potential exposure in several states where there is uncertainty about the point in time at which the Company established a sufficient business connection to create nexus.

Other Contingencies

From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of its operations in the normal course of business. The Company currently is not a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

NOTE 10. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

December 2020 Common Stock Offering    

In December 2020, the Company completed an offering of its common stock, pursuant to which the Company sold an aggregate of 3,450,000 shares of common stock (which included the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares) at a price of $18.50 per share, for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $59,771 after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs of approximately $4,054.

Other Common Stock Transactions

In 2021 and 2020, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,176,984 and 482,417 shares of its common stock, respectively, in connection with the exercise of stock options, grants of restricted stock awards and vesting of restricted stock units (net of forfeitures of restricted stock) under its stock incentive plans, and purchases under its Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”).

In June 2018, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement with JMP Securities as sales agent, pursuant to which it could offer and sell, from time to time, through JMP Securities, shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50,000.  In 2020 and 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,491,317 and 5,205,430 shares of its common stock, respectively, which were sold pursuant to the Equity Distribution Agreement. In 2020 and 2019, the Company received net proceeds from such sales of $5,986 and $24,373 after deducting expenses of $291 and $756, respectively. The Company voluntarily terminated the Equity Distribution Agreement in January 2021.

In 2021, the Company issued a total of 252,218 shares of its common stock upon the exercise of warrants for an aggregate exercise price of $2,279 and issued an aggregate of 23,050 shares of its common stock upon exercises of warrants to purchase an aggregate of 26,000 shares of its common stock, which were effected on a net exercise basis without cash payment of the exercise price. In 2020, the Company issued 154,311 shares of its common stock upon the exercise of warrants for an aggregate exercise price of $2,100, and issued an aggregate of 442,126 shares of common stock upon exercises of warrants to purchase an aggregate of 813,400 shares of common stock, which were effected on a net exercise basis without cash payment of the exercise price.

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In 2021 and 2020, the Company issued 15,828 and 12,100 shares of its common stock, respectively, to consultants in consideration for services rendered. The Company valued these stock issuances based on the closing price of its common stock on the issuance date and recorded the expense of $369 and $95 in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

In September 2018, the Company acquired all of the outstanding capital stock of Machine Box, Inc. (“Machine Box”). The purchase consideration for the acquisition was comprised of the initial consideration paid at closing and additional contingent amounts that were payable if Machine Box achieved certain technical development and integration milestones within 12 months after the closing of the acquisition, and 80% of such consideration was payable by issuance of shares of the Company’s common stock to the former stockholders of Machine Box. During 2019, the Company determined that Machine Box had achieved the technical development and integration milestones required to be completed during such period and, as a result, the former Machine Box stockholders became entitled to receive an aggregate of 394,604 shares of the Company’s common stock, valued at $2,389 based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the respective milestone dates, of which an aggregate of 315,687 shares were issued to them, and 78,917 shares were held back from issuance by the Company to secure certain indemnification and other obligations of the former stockholders.

In 2020, the Company issued an aggregate of 105,898 shares of common stock to the former stockholders of Machine Box, representing all of the shares previously held back from issuance by the Company with respect to the initial consideration and the additional contingent consideration.

In 2020, 9,552 shares of common stock, which represented a portion of the consideration for the Company’s acquisition of Wazee Digital, Inc. (“Wazee”) in 2018 that was previously deposited in a third-party escrow account to secure certain indemnification obligations of the former stockholders of Wazee Digital, were returned to the Company and cancelled in connection with the resolution of a claim for indemnification made by the Company.

Common Stock Warrants

As discussed in Note 6 and above, in 2020, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 450,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 967,711 shares of common stock were exercised in 2020.

The table below summarizes the warrants outstanding at December 31, 2021:

				Number of
		Exercise		Shares of
Issuance Date	Life in Years	Price		Common Stock
Various dates in 2017	10	$	13.6088		145,945
April 2018	5	$	11.73		20,000
April 2020 Performance Warrant	3.7	$	3.01		330,667
					496,612

The table below summarizes the warrants outstanding at December 31, 2020:

				Number of
		Exercise		Shares of
Issuance Date	Life in Years	Price		Common Stock
Various dates in 2017	10	$	13.6088		313,440
April 2018	5	$	11.73		20,000
April 2020 Compensation Warrant	1.7	$	3.01		50,000
April 2020 Performance Warrant	3.7	$	3.01		396,000
					779,440

NOTE 11. STOCK PLANS

2014 Stock Incentive Plan

In 2014, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders approved and adopted the 2014 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan (the “2014 Plan”), which was amended in March 2015, October 2016 and April 2017. Under the 2014 Plan, incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units may be granted to eligible employees, directors and consultants. The Company’s Board of Directors resolved not to make any further awards under the 2014 Plan following the completion of the Company’s IPO. The 2014 Plan will continue to govern all outstanding awards granted thereunder.

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2017 Stock Incentive Plan

In April 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders approved and adopted the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”), which became effective on May 11, 2017. Under the 2017 Plan, incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards and restricted stock units may be granted to employees, non-employee directors, consultants and advisors. Awards granted under the 2017 Plan may be subject to time-based and/or performance-based vesting conditions.  The Company had initially reserved 2,000,000 shares of its common stock for issuance under the 2017 Plan. The share reserve increases automatically on the first trading day of January each calendar year by an amount equal to 3% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last trading day in December of the immediately preceding calendar year, up to an annual maximum of 750,000 shares. As of December 31, 2021, an aggregate of 97,797 shares of common stock were available for future grant under the 2017 Plan.

2018 Performance-Based Stock Incentive Plan

In June 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the Company’s 2018 Performance-Based Stock Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”), and approved grants under the 2018 Plan of nonstatutory stock options, having performance-based vesting conditions tied to the future achievement of stock price milestones by the Company (each, a “Performance Option”), to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer for 1,809,900 shares (the “CEO Award”) and to the Company’s President for 1,357,425 shares (the “President Award”). In May 2018, the CEO Award and the President Award had been approved by a special committee of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Special Committee”), and the 2018 Plan had been approved by the Company’s Board of Directors, subject to stockholder approval.

The 2018 Plan allows the Company to grant Performance Options to its executive officers and other employees as an incentive for them to remain in service with the Company and to further align their interests with the interests of the Company’s stockholders. A total of 4,200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock have been authorized for issuance under the 2018 Plan.

As of December 31, 2021, 8,798 shares of common stock were available for future grant under the 2018 Plan.

Inducement Grant Plan

In October 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Company’s Inducement Grant Plan.  Under the Inducement Grant Plan, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, restricted stock units and dividend equivalent rights may be granted as an inducement material for eligible persons to enter into employment with the Company in accordance with NASDAQ Marketplace Rule 5635(c)(4) and the related guidance under NASDAQ IM 5635-1, and any amendments or supplements thereto.  The Company has initially reserved 750,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Inducement Grant Plan.  As of December 31, 2021, an aggregate of 157,505 shares of common stock were available for future grant under the Inducement Grant Plan.

Terms of Awards Under Stock Plans

The 2014 Plan, 2017 Plan, 2018 Plan and Inducement Grant Plan are collectively referred to herein as the “Stock Plans.” The Stock Plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, which determines the recipients and the terms of the awards granted (with the exception of the CEO Award and President Award, which were approved by the Special Committee). All stock options granted under the Stock Plans have exercise prices equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date, and expire ten years after the grant date, subject to earlier expiration in the event of termination of the optionee’s continuous service with the Company as further described in each Stock Plan. The vesting of all awards granted under the Stock Plans is generally subject to the awardee’s continuous service with the Company, with certain exceptions, as further described in each Stock Plan.

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The Company has granted to employees, non-employee directors and consultants awards of stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units that are subject to time-based vesting conditions.  The time-based stock options that have been granted to employees and consultants generally vest over a period of four years (with the exception of certain stock options granted to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and President in 2017, which vested over a period of three years, and certain other limited exceptions). Restricted stock units that have been awarded to employees generally vest over periods of one to two years.  The restricted stock units awarded to members of the Company’s Board of Directors under the automatic grant program provisions of the 2017 Plan generally vest over a period of one year.

The Company has also granted Performance Options under the 2018 Plan, the 2017 Plan and the Inducement Grant Plan.  All such Performance Options become exercisable in three equal tranches based on the achievement of specific stock price milestones for the Company’s common stock. These stock price milestones were amended in August 2020 with respect to substantially all of the Performance Options outstanding at such time, as discussed below. For each tranche to become exercisable, the closing price per share of the Company’s common stock must meet or exceed the applicable stock price target for a period of 30 consecutive trading days.  In the first quarter of 2021, the Company achieved all of the stock price milestones and, accordingly, substantially all of the then-outstanding Performance Options have vested in full.

Modifications to Performance-Based Stock Options

In August 2020, the disinterested members of the Board of Directors of the Company adopted certain amendments (the “Amendments”) to the Company’s 2018 Plan, and to the then outstanding Performance Options granted under the 2018 Plan and the 2017 Plan.  Such Amendments were approved by the Company’s stockholders at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders held on July 24, 2020.  The Amendments include (i) amendment of the stock price milestones applicable to the Performance Options, and (ii) reduction of the exercise prices of the Performance Options held by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Company’s President, which resulted in a modification of the Performance Options.

The Company values the Performance Options using a Monte Carlo simulation model. A fair value per share and a derived service period is determined for each of the three equal tranches of each Performance Award. The Company determined the fair values and the new derived service periods of the modified awards as of the date of modification and the fair values of the original awards immediately before the modification.  The amount of incremental compensation expense resulting from the modification of each award is equal to the excess of the fair value of the modified award on the date of modification over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The total incremental compensation expense resulting from the August 2020 modification of the Performance Options for approximately 215 employees was $3,011.

The assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation model for computing the fair values of the Performance Options on the August 2020 modification date and immediately before the modification are set forth in the table below:

Amendment date stock price	$	8.83
Expected volatility		80	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.6	%
Expected dividend yield		—	%
Cost of equity		12	%

Stock-based Compensation

The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense for awards granted under the Stock Plans ratably over the requisite service period.  For awards subject to time-based vesting conditions, the service period is generally the vesting period. For Performance Options, a derived service period is estimated for each tranche under the Monte Carlo simulation model. The Company also recognizes stock-based compensation expense related to the Company’s ESPP ratably over each purchase interval.

The Company has also issued shares of common stock to consultants in exchange for services under separate agreements outside of the Stock Plans.  These share-based payment transactions are measured based on the fair value of the common stock issued and are recognized in the period in which the services are rendered.

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The fair values of time-based stock options granted under the Stock Plans and purchase rights under the ESPP are determined as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. The assumptions used in calculating the fair values of time-based stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are set forth in the table below:

	Year Ended		Year Ended
	December 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Expected term (in years)	5.5 - 6.1		6.0 - 6.1
Expected volatility	80% - 83%		68% - 83%
Risk-free interest rate	0.6% - 1.4%		0.4% - 1.2%
Expected dividend yield		—		—

The assumptions used in calculating the fair values of purchase rights granted under the ESPP during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are set forth in the table below:

	Year Ended			Year Ended
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Expected term (in years)	0.5 - 2.0			0.5 - 2.0
Expected volatility	67% - 119%			65% - 130%
Risk-free interest rate		0.1	%	0.1% - 1.5%
Expected dividend yield		—			—

The Company values Performance Options using a Monte Carlo simulation model. A fair value per share is determined for each of the three equal tranches of each Performance Option. No Performance Options were granted during the year ended December 31, 2021. The assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation model for computing the grant date fair values of the Performance Options granted during the year ended December 31, 2020 are set forth in the table below:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2020
Grant date stock price	$	11.10
Dividend yield		—	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.8	%
Estimated volatility		85	%

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The stock-based compensation expense by type of award and by operating expense grouping are presented below:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Stock-based compensation expense by type of award:
Restricted stock units	$	19,088	$	5,560
Restricted stock awards		19		181
Machine Box contingent common stock issuances		—		(37	)
Performance-based stock options		16,315		8,480
Stock options		3,720		4,767
Employee stock purchase plan		423		493
Common stock issued for services		500		95
Total	$	40,065	$	19,539
Stock-based compensation expense by operating expense grouping:
Cost of revenue	$	116		—
Sales and marketing		1,716		889
Research and development		3,217		1,046
General and administrative		35,016		17,604
	$	40,065	$	19,539

Stock Plan Activity

Restricted Stock Awards

The Company’s restricted stock award activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted
				Average Grant
	Shares			Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2020		—		$	—
Granted		581		$	32.33
Vested		(581	)	$	32.33
Unvested at December 31, 2021		—

As of December 31, 2021, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards. Stock awards with respect to a total of 581 shares of common stock were granted during the year ended December 31, 2021, which were fully vested upon grant. The fair values of restricted stock awards that vested during the year ended December 31, 2021 totaled $19.  Stock awards with respect to a total of 6,903 shares of common stock were granted during the year ended December 31, 2020, which were fully vested upon grant. The fair values of restricted stock awards that vested during the year ended December 31, 2020 totaled $238.

Restricted Stock Units

The Company’s restricted stock units activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted
				Average Grant
	Shares			Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2020		829,124		$	11.53
Granted		896,329		$	33.33
Forfeited		(34,618	)	$	39.00
Vested		(804,374	)	$	11.47
Unvested at December 31, 2021		886,461		$	32.56

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As of December 31, 2021, total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock units was $14,324, which is expected to be recognized over a period of 2.6 years. The weighted average grant date fair values per share of restricted stock units granted in the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $33.33 and $10.94, respectively. The fair values of restricted stock units vested during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 totaled $18,886 and $2,519, respectively.

Performance Options

The activity related to Performance Options for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted-Average
						Remaining	Aggregate
				Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Term	Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2020		4,234,020		$	10.55
Exercised		(373,041	)	$	5.77
Forfeited		(12,552	)	$	5.92
Expired		(13,986	)	$	5.41
Outstanding at December 31, 2021		3,834,441		$	11.05	6.51 years	$	438,278
Exercisable at December 31, 2021		3,834,441		$	11.05	6.51 years	$	438,278

During 2021, the Company achieved all of the stock price milestones applicable to substantially all of the performance-based stock options and, as a result, such performance-based stock options vested and all associated unrecognized compensation was accelerated and recognized in full as a one-time expense of $16,268. The aggregate intrinsic value of the options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2021 was $8,288. No performance-based stock options were granted during the year ended December 31, 2021. The weighted average grant date fair values per share of Performance Options granted during the year ended December 31, 2020 was $7.36. No performance-based stock options vested during the year ended December 31, 2020.

Stock Options

The activity related to all other stock options for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted-Average
						Remaining	Aggregate
				Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Term	Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2020		5,400,070		$	12.60
Granted		848,955		$	28.18
Exercised		(515,807	)	$	9.58
Forfeited		(220,109	)	$	17.45
Expired		(4,501	)	$	7.48
Outstanding at December 31, 2021		5,508,608		$	15.10	6.23 years	$	45,262
Exercisable at December 31, 2021		4,207,518		$	13.71	5.62 years	$	36,982

The weighted average grant date fair values per share of stock options granted in the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $18.64 and $4.69, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic values of the options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $10,145 and $2,238, respectively. The total grant date fair values of stock options vested during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $2,665 and $5,205, respectively.

At December 31, 2021, total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options was $14,831 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.3 years.

The aggregate intrinsic values in the tables above represent the difference between the fair market value of the Company’s common stock and the average option exercise price of in-the-money options multiplied by the number of such options.

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Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In April 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders approved and adopted the ESPP, which became effective on May 11, 2017. The ESPP is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and is intended to qualify as an employee stock purchase plan under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. Under the ESPP, each offering period is generally 24 months with four, six-month purchase intervals, and new offering periods generally commence every six months, as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.

The purchase price for shares of the Company’s common stock under the ESPP will be established by the plan administrator prior to the start of the offering period, but will not be less than 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on (i) the first day of the offering period and (ii) the purchase date. Each purchase right granted to an employee will provide an employee with the right to purchase up to 1,000 shares of common stock on each purchase date within the offering period, subject to an aggregate limit of 200,000 shares purchased under the ESPP on each purchase date, and subject to the purchase limitations in each calendar year under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code.

The Company had initially reserved 1,000,000 shares of its common stock for issuance under the ESPP. The share reserve increases automatically on the first trading day of January each calendar year by an amount equal to 1% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last trading day in December of the immediately preceding calendar year, up to an annual maximum of 250,000 shares.

The ESPP contains a reset provision, which provides that, if the Company’s stock price on any purchase date under an offering period is less than the stock price on the start date of that offering period, then all employees participating in that offering period will be automatically transferred to the new offering period starting on the next business day following such purchase date, so long as the stock price on that start date is lower than the stock price on the start date of the offering period in which they are enrolled.  This reset feature was triggered under the ESPP on February 1, 2019 and February 1, 2020. These resets constituted modifications pursuant to the guidance in ASC 718, Stock Based Compensation.  The Company engaged specialists to determine the incremental cost associated with the modification by calculating the expense related to the modified awards using the assumptions before and after the trigger dates. The modifications did not have a material effect on the Company’s stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Employee payroll deductions accrued under the ESPP as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 totaled $282 and $135, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, a total of 135,636 and 126,550 shares of common stock were purchased under the ESPP at a weighted average purchase price of $6.77 and $1.90, respectively.

NOTE 12. PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES

The components of the Company’s loss before the provision for income taxes consisted of the following:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
United States of America	$	(88,092	)	$	(47,831	)
Foreign		20,243			31
Total	$	(67,849	)	$	(47,800	)

79

The provision for income taxes consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Current
Federal	$	249		$	—
State		99			70
Foreign		2,988			6
Total current provision		3,336			76
Deferred
Federal		(10,549	)		(11,573	)
State		(6,197	)		(4,532	)
Foreign		(520	)		—
Change in valuation allowance		16,674			16,105
Total deferred benefit		(592	)		—
Total provision for income taxes	$	2,744		$	76

A reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Tax, computed at the federal statutory rate		21.00	%		21.00	%
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit		9.37			9.36
Foreign rate differential		3.54			—
Global intangible low-taxed income		(6.84	)		—
Stock-based compensation		6.47			1.49
Earn-out revaluation		(7.08	)		—
Meals, entertainment and other		(5.92	)		1.68
Change in valuation allowance		(24.58	)		(33.69	)
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes		(4.04	)%		(0.16	)%

The significant components of the Company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	55,385		$	44,711
Stock-based compensation		21,003			15,866
Accrued expenses		1,146			2,352
Research credits		4,632			3,193
Other		669			518
Total gross deferred tax assets		82,835			66,640
Valuation allowance		(81,784	)		(65,110	)
Total deferred tax assets		1,051			1,530
Other - fixed assets and intangibles		(589	)		(1,530	)
Acquired intangibles		(11,367	)		—
Total deferred tax liabilities		(11,956	)		(1,530	)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	(10,905	)	$	—

80

The Company has evaluated the available positive and negative evidence supporting the realization of its gross deferred tax assets, including its cumulative losses, and the amount and timing of future taxable income, and has determined it is more likely than not that certain historical U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets will not be realized. Accordingly, the Company recorded a valuation allowance as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 against these deferred tax assets.

The change in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Valuation allowance, at beginning of year	$	65,110	$	49,005
Increase in valuation allowance		16,674		16,105
Valuation allowance, at end of year	$	81,784	$	65,110

As of December 31, 2021, the Company has federal and state income tax net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $217,754 and $135,075, respectively. The U.S. federal and state net operating losses are projected to expire beginning in 2034 and 2022, respectively, unless previously utilized. Net federal operating loss carryforwards generated after January 1, 2018 may be carried forward indefinitely, subject to the 80% taxable income limitation on the utilization of the carryforwards. In addition, the Company had federal and state research and development credit carryforwards of approximately $3,636 and $2,545, respectively, as of December 31, 2021. The federal research and development credit will begin to expire in 2036 if unused and the state research and expenditure credit may be carried forward indefinitely. Utilization of the Company's U.S. net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations set forth in Internal Revenue Code Section 382 and similar state provisions. Such an annual limitation could result in the expiration of the net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards before utilization

In connection with our acquisition of PandoLogic in September 2021, we recorded a net deferred tax liability primarily related to acquired non-goodwill intangible fair value in excess of tax basis.  No valuation allowance is recorded against acquired PandoLogic deferred tax assets as it is more likely than not they will be utilized to offset future taxable income.

In August 2021, PandoLogic obtained the approval for the Israeli Preferred Technology Enterprise (“PTE”) status which provides beneficial tax treatment for Israeli companies engaged in R&D activities that own the intellectual property rights.  Under PTE status, our Israeli tax rate is reduced from the 23% statutory rate to a 12% beneficial rate.  This arrangement is scheduled to expire in December 2025 and is subject to certain conditions which we have complied with during 2021.  The effect of this tax incentive arrangement reduced our income tax provision, as compared to the statutory rate, by $2,257 in 2021.

The Company continues to permanently reinvest its foreign cumulative earnings in its foreign subsidiaries and has not recorded any provision for deferred income taxes on the undistributed earnings.  In accordance with the U.S. global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions, we include in our U.S. income tax return foreign subsidiary earnings in excess of an allowable return on the foreign subsidiary’s tangible assets.  We account for the GILTI tax in the period in which it is incurred, and therefore have not provided any deferred tax impacts of GILTI in our consolidated financial statements.

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had approximately $1,111 and $720, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits netted against its deferred tax assets within other assets, none of which would impact the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized due to the valuation allowance. If recognized, $1,015 would result in a deferred tax asset for tax attribute carryforwards, which is expected to require a full valuation allowance based on present circumstances. The Company estimates that none of its unrecognized tax benefits will materially change within the next twelve months.  Amounts accrued for interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions were not material for any period presented. 

81

A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 is as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1	$	720	$	—
Gross increase for tax positions of prior years		—		470
Gross increase for tax positions of current year		391		250
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31	$	1,111	$	720

The Company is subject to taxation in the United States, Israel, the United Kingdom, and various U.S. states. Due to our tax loss carryovers in some jurisdictions, certain U.S. federal tax returns and state tax returns are open for examination since inception. The Israeli statute of limitations period is generally three years commencing at the end of the year in which the return was filed. The Company is not currently under examination from income tax authorities in the jurisdictions in which the Company does business.

On March 27, 2020, the U.S federal government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). The CARES Act is an emergency economic stimulus package in response to the coronavirus outbreak which, among other things, contains numerous income tax provisions. Some of these tax provisions are effective retroactively for years ended before the date of the enactment.  The provisions of the CARES Act did not materially impact the Company's tax position.

NOTE 13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

There were no related party transactions as of or during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

NOTE 14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On March 1, 2022, the Company closed the acquisition of a talent agency that manages social media influencers. Consideration at close was made up of $1.5 million in cash, $2.0 million in stock and deferred cash payments and earnout consideration totaling up to $7.5 million.

82

Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None

Item 9A.Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives of ensuring that information we are required to disclose in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures, and is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. There is no assurance that our disclosure controls and procedures will operate effectively under all circumstances. Based upon the evaluation described above, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2021, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management’s Assessment of the Effectiveness of our Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act). Our assessment of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal control over financial reporting of PandoLogic, which was acquired during the year.

Our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in "Internal Control - Integrated Framework" (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2021.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls     

Management recognizes that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud or error, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act and, accordingly, we are not required to provide the attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our internal control over financial reporting required by Item 308(b) of Regulation S-K.

83

Item 9B.Other Information.

None

Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

None

84

PART III

Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2021 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders.

Item 11.Executive Compensation.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2021 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders.

Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2021 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders.

Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2021 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders.

Item 14.Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2021 and delivered to stockholders in connection with our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders.

85

PART IV

Item 15.Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

(1) Financial Statements.

See the index of the consolidated financial statements that are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K included in Part II, Item 8 (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) on page 49.

(2) Financial Statement Schedules.

All financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable, not material, or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.

(3) Exhibits.

The following exhibits are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (or are incorporated by reference herein):

Exhibit No.	Description of Exhibit
2.1	Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of August 13, 2018, by and among Veritone, Inc., Project West Acquisition Corporation, Wazee Digital, Inc. and West Victory Stockholder Representative, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 15. 2018).
2.2	Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 21, 2021, by and among Veritone, Inc., Melisandra Ltd., PandoLogic Ltd. and Shareholder Representative Services, LLC, as the Securityholder Representative (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 filed on August 5, 2021).
3.1	Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2017).
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2017).
4.1	Specimen Stock Certificate evidencing the shares of the Registrant’s common stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-216726) filed on April 28, 2017).
4.2	Investor Rights Agreement dated July 15, 2014 among the Registrant and certain of its stockholders, together with Amendment No.  1 thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-216726) filed on March 15, 2017).
4.3	Form of Indenture (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-225394), filed on June 1, 2018).
4.4	Description of Registrant’s securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act.
4.5	Indenture, dated as of November 19, 2021, by and among Veritone, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 22, 2021).
10.1*	Veritone, Inc. 2014 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan (2014 Plan) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-216726) filed on March 15, 2017).
10.2*	Amendment to 2014 Plan dated April 27, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-216726) filed on April 28, 2017).
10.3*	Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Option, together with Forms of Stock Option Agreement and Stock Purchase Agreement (for use with the 2014 Plan) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-216726) filed on March 15, 2017).
10.4*	Form of Stock Issuance Agreement (for use with the 2014 Plan with 83(b) election) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-216726) filed on March 15, 2017).
10.5*	Form of Stock Issuance Agreement (annual vesting for use with 2014 Plan without 83(b) election) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-216726) filed on April 28, 2017).

86

Exhibit No.	Description of Exhibit
10.6*	Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Option, together with Forms of Stock Option Agreement and Stock Purchase Agreement, relating to Time-Based Option granted to each of Chad Steelberg and Ryan Steelberg on May 11, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 filed on June 26, 2017).
10.7*	Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Option, together with Forms of Stock Option Agreement and Stock Purchase Agreement, relating to Performance-Based Option granted to each of Chad Steelberg and Ryan Steelberg on May 11, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 filed on June 26, 2017).
10.8*	Form of Change in Control (CIC) Addendum to Stock Option Agreement for use in connection with the grant of stock options to certain executive officers under the 2014 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.38 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-221570) filed on November 15, 2017).
10.9*	Notice of Grant of Stock Option, together with Stock Option Agreement, relating to Stock Options granted to Christopher J. Oates on May 11, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.39 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-221570) filed on November 15, 2017).
10.10*	2017 Stock Incentive Plan (2017 Plan) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-216726) filed on April 28, 2017).
10.11*	Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Option, together with Forms of Stock Option Agreement and Stock Purchase Agreement, for use with the 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 filed on June 26, 2017).
10.12*	Forms of Notice of Grant of Stock Option and Stock Option Agreement for use in connection with grants of stock options to Chad Steelberg and Ryan Steelberg under 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018 filed on May 8, 2018).
10.13*	Form of Change in Control (CIC) Addendum to Stock Option Agreement for use in connection with grants of stock options to certain executive officers under 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018 filed on May 8, 2018).
10.14*	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for use under the 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018 filed on May 8, 2018).
10.15*	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for use in connection with the award of restricted stock units to directors pursuant to the automatic grant program under the 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.5 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-217990) filed on May 12, 2017).
10.16*	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for use in connection with the award of restricted stock units to executive officers under the 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on March 18, 2019).
10.17*	Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Option and Stock Option Agreement for use in connection with the grant of stock options with performance-based vesting conditions under the 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on March 18, 2019).
10.18*	2018 Performance-Based Stock Incentive Plan (2018 Plan) (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed on June 1, 2018).
10.19*	Amendment No. 1 to Veritone, Inc. 2018 Performance-Based Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2020).
10.20*	Amended and Restated CEO Award Agreement between the Registrant and Chad Steelberg dated effective as of August 27, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2020).
10.21*	Amended and Restated President Award Agreement between the Registrant and Ryan Steelberg dated effective as of August 27, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2020).
10.22*	Form of Award Agreement to be used under the 2018 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 5, 2018).

87

Exhibit No.	Description of Exhibit
10.23*	Veritone, Inc. Inducement Grant Plan (the Inducement Plan) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 7, 2020).
10.24*	Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Option under the Inducement Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 7, 2020).
10.25*	Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Inducement Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 7, 2020).
10.26*	Form of Notice of Grant of Performance-Based Stock Option under the Inducement Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 7, 2020).
10.27*	Form of Performance-Based Stock Option Agreement under the Inducement Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.5 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 7, 2020).
10.28*	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the Inducement Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.6 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 7, 2020).
10.29*	Veritone, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-216726) filed on April 28, 2017).
10.30*	Employment Agreement between Chad Steelberg and the Registrant dated June 15, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2020).
10.31*	Employment Agreement between Ryan Steelberg and the Registrant dated June 15, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2020).
10.32*	Offer Letter with Jeffrey B. Coyne, dated October 13, 2016, as amended on January 23, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-216726) filed on March 15, 2017).
10.34*	Employment Agreement between Michael L. Zemetra and the Registrant dated October 6, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 8, 2020).
10.35*	Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-216726) filed on April 28, 2017).
10.36	Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant issued to Acacia and Veritone LOC, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-216726) filed on April 21, 2017).
10.37	Lease Agreement dated for reference purposes as of July 14, 2017, between the Registrant and PRII/MCC South Coast Property Owner, LLC, for premises located at 575 Anton Boulevard, Costa Mesa, California (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2017 filed on August 8, 2017).
10.38	Office Sublease dated effective as of February 23, 2021, between the Registrant and California Pizza Kitchen, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2021.
10.39	Form of Capped Call Transactions Confirmation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 22, 2021).
10.40	Form of Voting and Support Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 filed on August 5, 2021).

88

Exhibit No.	Description of Exhibit
10.41	Registration Rights Agreement, made and entered into as of September 14, 2021, by and between the Registrant and the shareholders named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 filed on November 15, 2021).
21.1	List of Subsidiaries.
23.1	Consent of Grant Thornton LLP.
24.1	Power of Attorney (included on signature page).
31.1	Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act.
31.2	Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act.
32.1+	Certifications pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Exchange Act and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	The cover page from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, has been formatted in Inline XBRL.
*	Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
+	The certifications furnished in Exhibit 32.1 shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act, or the Exchange Act (including this Annual Report on Form 10-K), unless the Registrant specifically incorporates the foregoing information into those documents by reference.

Item 16.Form 10-K Summary.

None.

89

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

		Veritone, Inc.
Date: March 17, 2022	By:	/s/ Chad Steelberg
		Chad Steelberg
		Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board

90

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Chad Steelberg and Michael L. Zemetra, jointly and severally, his attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this report, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

SIGNATURE	TITLE	DATE
/s/ Chad Steelberg	Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board	March 17, 2022
Chad Steelberg	(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Michael L. Zemetra	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer	March 17, 2022
Michael L. Zemetra	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
/s/ Ryan Steelberg	President and Director	March 17, 2022
Ryan Steelberg
/s/ Jeff P. Gehl	Director	March 17, 2022
Jeff P. Gehl
/s/ G. Louis Graziadio, III	Director	March 17, 2022
G. Louis Graziadio, III
/s/ Knute P. Kurtz	Director	March 17, 2022
Knute P. Kurtz
/s/ Nayaki R. Nayyar	Director	March 17, 2022
Nayaki R. Nayyar
/s/ Richard H. Taketa	Director	March 17, 2022
Richard H. Taketa

91

EX-4.4

Exhibit 4.4

DESCRIPTION OF THE REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES REGISTERED UNDER
SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Veritone, Inc. (“Veritone,” “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us”) has one class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which is our common stock, par value $0.001 per share.  Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “VERI.”  The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes us to issue 75,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 1,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share.  

The following descriptions of our common stock and certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws are summaries only and are qualified by reference to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, each of which is an exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 10-K to which this description is an exhibit.

Common Stock

The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. We have not provided for cumulative voting for the election of directors in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provide for a classified board of directors consisting of three classes of approximately equal size, each serving staggered three-year terms. Subject to preferences that may apply to any shares of preferred stock outstanding at the time, the holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of funds legally available if our board of directors, in its discretion, determines to issue dividends and then only at the times and in the amounts that our board of directors may determine. We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock, and it is unlikely that any cash dividends will be declared or paid on any common stock in the foreseeable future. Instead, we plan to retain our cash for use in the operation of our business. Our common stock is not entitled to preemptive rights, and is not subject to conversion, redemption or sinking fund provisions. If we become subject to a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, the assets legally available for distribution to our stockholders would be distributable ratably among the holders of our common stock and any participating preferred stock outstanding at that time, subject to prior satisfaction of all outstanding debt and liabilities and the preferential rights of and the payment of liquidation preferences, if any, on any outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Demand Registration Rights

Pursuant to the Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of July 15, 2014, as amended (the “Rights Agreement”), entered into by our company and certain stockholders, the holders of at least 30% of the following held by the holders of our then-outstanding Series A and A-1 preferred stock, and the holders of at least 30% of the following held by the holders of our then-outstanding Series B preferred stock: (i) shares of our common stock issued or issuable upon conversion of any of our securities by the parties to such agreement, and (ii) common stock issued as a dividend or other distribution with respect to the shares in (i), can request that we file up to two registration statements registering all or a portion of their registrable shares in a registration statement that would have an aggregate offering price of not less than $5 million. Under specified circumstances, we have the right to defer filing of a requested registration statement. These registration rights are subject to additional conditions and limitations, including the right of the underwriters to limit the number of shares included in any such registration under certain circumstances. We are required to pay all expenses relating to any demand registration by the holders of registrable securities under the Rights Agreement, subject to certain limitations. The registration rights described above will expire for each holder upon the earlier of (i) such time as such holder holds less than one percent of our common stock and Rule 144 or another similar exemption under the Securities Act is available for the sale of such holder’s shares without limitation during a three-month period without registration and (ii) May 2022, the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering.

Form S-3 Registration Rights

Pursuant to the Rights Agreement, the holders of at least 20% of the following held by the holders of our then-outstanding Series A and A-1 preferred stock, and the holders of at least 20% of the following held by the holders of our then-outstanding Series B preferred stock: (i) shares of our common stock issued or issuable upon conversion of any of our securities by the parties to such agreement, and (ii) common stock issued as a dividend or other distribution with respect to the shares in (i), have the right to demand that we file additional registration statements, including a shelf registration statement, registering all or a portion of their registrable shares pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 that would have an aggregate offering price, net of underwriting discounts and commissions, that exceeds $5 million. Under specified circumstances, we also have the right to defer filing of a requested registration statement. These registration rights are subject to additional conditions and limitations, including the right of the underwriters to limit the number of shares included in any such registration under certain circumstances, and to our right to decline to effect such registration if two such registrations have been effected within the twelve-month period prior to a request for such registration. We are required to pay all expenses relating to any Form S-3 registration by the holders of registrable securities under the Rights Agreement, subject to certain limitations. The registration rights described above will expire for each holder upon the earlier of (i) such time as such holder holds less than one percent of our common stock and Rule 144 or another similar exemption under the Securities Act is available for the sale of such holder’s shares without limitation during a three-month period without registration and (ii) May 2022, the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering.

Piggyback Registration Rights

Pursuant to the Rights Agreement, whenever we propose to file a registration statement under the Securities Act, other than with respect to a registration related to employee benefit or similar plans, or corporate reorganizations or other transactions under Rule 145 under the Securities Act, the holders of registrable (i) shares of our common stock issued or issuable upon conversion of any of our securities by the parties to such agreement, and common stock issued as a dividend or other distribution with respect to the shares in (i), are entitled to notice of the registration and have the right to include their registrable securities in such registration. The underwriters of any underwritten offering will have the right to limit the number of shares having registration rights to be included in the registrationstatement.  We are required to pay all expenses relating to any piggyback registration by the holders of registrable securities under the Rights Agreement, subject to certain limitations. The registration rights contained in the Rights Agreement will expire for each holder upon the earlier of (i) such time as such holder holds less than one percent of our common stock and Rule 144 or another similar exemption under the Securities Act is available for the sale of such holder’s shares without limitation during a three-month period without registration and (ii) May 2022, the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering.

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws include a number of provisions that could deter hostile takeovers or delay or prevent changes in control of our company, as well as changes in our board of directors or management team, including the following:

Board of Directors Vacancies. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws authorize only our board of directors to fill vacant directorships, including newly created seats. In addition, the number of directors constituting our board of directors is only permitted to be set by a resolution adopted by a majority vote of our entire board of directors. These provisions prevent a stockholder from increasing the size of our board of directors and then gaining control of our board of directors by filling the resulting vacancies with its own nominees. This makes it more difficult to change the composition of our board of directors and will promote continuity of management.

Classified Board. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provide that our board of directors shall be classified into three classes of directors of approximately equal size, each of which hold office for a three-year term. In addition, directors may only be removed from our board of directors for cause. The existence of a classified board could delay a potential acquirer from obtaining majority control of our board of directors, and the prospect of that delay might deter a potential acquirer.

Stockholder Action; Special Meeting of Stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that our stockholders may not take action by written consent, but may only take action at annual or special meetings of our stockholders. As a result, a holder controlling a majority of our capital stock would not be able to amend our amended and restated bylaws or remove directors without holding a meeting of our stockholders called in accordance with our amended and restated bylaws. Our amended and restated bylaws further provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by a majority of our board of directors, thus prohibiting a stockholder from calling a special meeting. These provisions might delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or for stockholders controlling a majority of our capital stock to take any action, including the removal of directors.

Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations. Our amended and restated bylaws provide advance notice procedures for stockholders seeking to bring business before our annual meeting of stockholders or to nominate candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of stockholders. Our amended and restated bylaws also specify certain requirements regarding the form and content of a stockholder’s notice. These provisions might preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at our annual meeting of stockholders if the proper procedures are not followed. We expect that these provisions may also discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company.

No Cumulative Voting. The Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”), provides that stockholders are not entitled to cumulate votes in the election of directors unless a corporation’s certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation does not provide for cumulative voting.

Directors Removed Only for Cause. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that no member of our board of directors may be removed from office by our stockholders except for cause and, in addition to any other vote required by law, upon the approval of not less than two-thirds of the total voting power of all of our outstanding voting stock then entitled to vote in the election of directors.

Exclusive Venue. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for: (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of us; (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employees or agents to us or our stockholders; (iii) any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws; or (iv) any action asserting a claim against us governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies’ certificates of incorporation has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that, in connection with any action, a court could find the choice of forum provisions contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in such action.

Each of the foregoing provisions will make it more difficult for our existing stockholders to replace our board of directors as well as for another party to obtain control of our company by replacing our board of directors. Since our board of directors has the power to retain and discharge our officers, these provisions could also make it more difficult for existing stockholders or another party to effect a change in management. In addition, the authorization of undesignated preferred stock makes it possible for our board of directors to issue preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to change the control of our company.

These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and its policies and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened acquisition of our company. These provisions are also designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal and to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy rights. However, these provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control of our company or our management. As a consequence, these provisions also may inhibit fluctuations in the market price of our stock that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts.

Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law

We are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, which prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, with the following exceptions:

• before such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interestedstockholder;

• upon closing of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction began, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned by (1) persons who are directors and also officers and (2) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer;or

• on or after such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interestedstockholder.

In general, Section 203 defines “business combination” to include the following:

• any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interestedstockholder;

• any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation involving the interestedstockholder;

• subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interestedstockholder;

• any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock or any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder;or

• the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loss, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines an “interested stockholder” as an entity or person who, together with the person’s affiliates and associates, beneficially owns, or within three years prior to the time of determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws provide that we will indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law, which prohibits our amended and restated certificate of incorporation from limiting the liability of our directors for the following:

• any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to us or ourstockholders;

• acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation oflaw;

• unlawful payment of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions;or

• any transaction from which the director derived an improper personalbenefit.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation also provides that if Delaware law is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of a director, then the liability of our directors will be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, as so amended. This limitation of liability does not apply to liabilities arising under the federal securities laws and does not affect the availability of equitable remedies such as injunctive relief or rescission.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws also provide that we shall indemnify our employees and agents to the fullest extent permitted by law. Our amended and restated bylaws also permit us to secure insurance on behalf of any officer, director, employee or other agent for any liability arising out of his or her actions in this capacity, regardless of whether we would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the DGCL. We have obtained directors’ and officers’ liability insurance.

We have entered into separate indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers, in addition to indemnification provided for in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws. These agreements, among other things, provide for indemnification of our directors and executive officers for expenses, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by this person in any action or proceeding arising out of this person’s services as a director or executive officer or at our request. We believe that these provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws and indemnification agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as directors and executive officers.

The above description of the indemnification provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to these documents, each of which is an exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 10-K to which this description is an exhibit.

The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and our stockholders. A stockholder’s investment may be harmed to the extent we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification provisions. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. There is no pending litigation or proceeding naming any of our directors or officers as to which indemnification is being sought, nor are we aware of any pending or threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification by any director or officer.

EX-21.1

Exhibit 21.1

LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES

Company Name	Jurisdiction
Machine Box, Inc.	Delaware
Performance Bridge Media, Inc. (indirect)	New York
PandoLogic, Inc. (indirect)	Delaware
PandoLogic Ltd.	Israel
Veritone Alpha, Inc.	Delaware
Veritone Digital, Inc.	Delaware
Veritone Enterprise, LLC	Delaware
Veritone One, Inc.	Delaware
Veritone Politics, LLC	Delaware
Veritone UK Ltd.	United Kingdom

EX-23.1

Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We have issued our report dated March 17, 2022, with respect to the consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report of Veritone, Inc. on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. We consent to the incorporation by reference of said report in the Registration Statements of Veritone, Inc. on Forms S-3 (File No. 333-225394, File No. 333-227613, File No. 333-231345, File No. 333-257179, and File No. 333-262429) and on Forms S-8 (File No. 333-217990, File No. 333-227477, File No. 333-237114, File No. 333-249371, File No. 333-253961, and File No. 333-262499).

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

Newport Beach, California

March 17, 2022

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

RULE 13a-14(a) OR RULE 15d-14(a) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Chad Steelberg, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Veritone, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 17, 2022	/s/ Chad Steelberg
	Chad Steelberg
	Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
	(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

 Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

RULE 13a-14(a) OR RULE 15d-14(a) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Michael L. Zemetra, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Veritone, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 17, 2022	/s/ Michael L. Zemetra
	Michael L. Zemetra
	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(b) OR RULE 15d-14(b)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

AND 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

Each of the undersigned hereby certifies, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, in his capacity as an officer of Veritone, Inc., that, to his knowledge, the Annual Report of Veritone, Inc. on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in such report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Veritone, Inc.

Date: March 17, 2022	By:	/s/ Chad Steelberg
		Chad Steelberg
		Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
		(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: March 17, 2022	By:	/s/ Michael L. Zemetra
		Michael L. Zemetra
		Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

A signed original of this written statement required by 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 has been provided to Veritone, Inc. and will be retained by Veritone, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

XML

Document and Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Feb. 28, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2021
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2021
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Trading Symbol	VERI
Entity Registrant Name	Veritone, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001615165
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		35,060,210
Entity Public Float			$ 337.9
Entity File Number	001-38093
Entity Tax Identification Number	47-1161641
Entity Address, Address Line One	2420 17th St.
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Office 3002
Entity Address, City or Town	Denver
Entity Address, State or Province	CO
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	80202
City Area Code	888
Local Phone Number	507-1737
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Document Annual Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, Par Value $0.001 per share
Auditor Firm ID	248
Auditor Name	GRANT THORNTON LLP
Auditor Location	Newport Beach, California
Documents Incorporated by Reference	The information that is required to be included in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference to the definitive proxy statement to be filed by the registrant within 120 days of December 31, 2021. Only those portions of the definitive proxy statement that are specifically incorporated by reference herein shall constitute a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 254,722	$ 114,817
Accounts receivable, net	85,063	16,666
Expenditures billable to clients	27,180	18,365
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	12,117	6,719
Total current assets	379,082	156,567
Property, equipment and improvements, net	1,556	2,354
Intangible assets, net	88,247	10,744
Goodwill	34,058	6,904
Long-term restricted cash	855	855
Other assets	954	230
Total assets	504,752	177,654
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Accounts payable	46,711	15,632
Accrued media payments	86,923	55,874
Client advances	10,561	6,496
Contingent consideration, current	19,988
Other accrued liabilities	27,093	10,246
Total current liabilities	191,276	88,248
Convertible senior notes, non-current	195,082
Contingent consideration, non-current	24,737
Other non-current liabilities	13,078	1,196
Total liabilities	424,173	89,444
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders' equity
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 34,972,256 and 31,799,354 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively	35	32
Additional paid-in capital	431,606	368,477
Accumulated deficit	(350,958)	(280,365)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(104)	66
Total stockholders' equity	80,579	88,210
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 504,752	$ 177,654

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Statement Of Financial Position [Abstract]
Common stock, par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized	75,000,000	75,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	34,972,256	31,799,354
Common stock, shares outstanding	34,972,256	31,799,354

XML

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 115,305	$ 57,708
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue	22,129	15,663
Sales and marketing	28,935	19,877
Research and development	25,075	14,379
General and administrative	97,918	50,080
Amortization	8,497	5,382
Total operating expenses	182,554	105,381
Loss from operations	(67,249)	(47,673)
Other expense, net	(600)	(127)
Loss before provision for income taxes	(67,849)	(47,800)
Provision for income taxes	2,744	76
Net loss	$ (70,593)	$ (47,876)
Net loss per share:
Basic and diluted	$ (2.12)	$ (1.73)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted	33,298,382	27,594,911
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	$ (70,593)	$ (47,876)
Foreign currency translation gain (loss), net of income taxes	(170)	20
Total comprehensive loss	$ (70,763)	$ (47,856)

XML

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Accumulated Deficit [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 47,411	$ 26	$ 279,828	$ (232,489)	$ 46
Beginning balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2019		25,670,737
Common stock offerings, net	65,757	$ 5	65,752
Common stock offerings, net, shares		4,941,317
Common stock issued under employee stock plans, net	1,060	$ 1	1,059
Common stock issued under employee stock plans, net, shares		482,417
Common stock issued for services	95		95
Common stock issued for services, shares		12,100
Release of Machine Box holdback consideration, shares		105,898
Stock-based compensation expense	19,481		19,481
Exercise of warrants	2,100	$ 2,100	2,100
Exercise of warrants, shares		596,437
Issuance of warrants	308		308
Common stock returned from acquisition escrow	(146)		(146)
Common stock returned from acquisition escrow, shares		(9,552)
Net loss	(47,876)			(47,876)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	20				20
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2020	88,210	$ 32	368,477	(280,365)	66
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2020		31,799,354
Common stock issued under employee stock plans, net	7,903	$ 1	7,902
Common stock issued under employee stock plans, net, shares		1,176,984
Common stock issued for acquisition	31,501	$ 2	31,499
Common stock issued for acquisitions, shares		1,704,822
Common stock issued for services	369		369
Common stock issued for services, shares		15,828
Stock-based compensation expense	39,696		39,696
Exercise of warrants	2,279	$ 2,279	2,279
Exercise of warrants, shares		275,268
Purchases of capped calls related to convertible notes	(18,616)		(18,616)
Net loss	(70,593)			(70,593)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(170)				(170)
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 80,579	$ 35	$ 431,606	$ (350,958)	$ (104)
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2021		34,972,256

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (70,593)	$ (47,876)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	9,035	6,407
Loss on disposal of fixed assets	1,894
Warrant expense		102
Change in fair value of warrant liability		200
Change in fair value of contingent consideration	18,325
Provision for doubtful accounts	172	293
Loss on sublease	1,211
Stock-based compensation expense	40,065	19,539
Common stock returned from acquisition escrow		(146)
Other		(46)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(47,225)	4,393
Expenditures billable to clients	(8,815)	(8,079)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,368	(1,726)
Other assets	(241)
Accounts payable	17,896	(1,382)
Accrued media payments	31,049	29,210
Client advances	4,065	(2,584)
Other accrued liabilities	8,184	3,311
Other liabilities	(1,156)	(183)
Net cash provided by operating activities	7,234	1,433
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from the sale of equipment		56
Capital expenditures	(1,016)	(175)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(52,827)
Net cash used in investing activities	(53,843)	(119)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from common stock offerings, net		66,278
Proceeds from loan		6,491
Repayment of loan		(6,491)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes	201,250
Payment of debt issuance costs	6,304
Purchases of capped calls related to convertible senior notes	(18,616)
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants	2,279	2,100
Proceeds from issuances of stock under employee stock plans, net	7,905	1,060
Net cash provided by financing activities	186,514	69,438
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	139,905	70,752
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	115,672	44,920
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	255,577	115,672
Cash paid during periods for:
Taxes paid	129	$ 69
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Shares issued for acquisition of businesses and holdback consideration	$ 31,499

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Description of Business

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Description of Business

NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Veritone, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Veritone”) (together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, collectively, the “Company”), is a provider of artificial intelligence (“AI”) computing solutions. The Company’s proprietary AI operating system, aiWARE^TM, uses machine learning algorithms, or AI models, together with a suite of powerful applications, to reveal valuable insights from vast amounts of structured and unstructured data. The aiWARE platform offers capabilities that mimic human cognitive functions such as perception, prediction and problem solving, enabling users to quickly, efficiently and cost effectively transform unstructured data into structured data, and analyze and optimize data to drive business processes and insights.  aiWARE is based on an open architecture that enables new AI models, applications and workflows to be added quickly and efficiently, resulting in a future-proof, scalable and evolving solution that can be leveraged by organizations across a broad range of business sectors, serving commercial enterprises as well as government and regulated industries.

In addition, the Company operates a full-service advertising agency that leverages the Company’s aiWARE technologies to provide differentiated Managed Services to its clients. The Company’s advertising services include media planning and strategy, advertisement buying and placement, campaign messaging, clearance verification and attribution, and custom analytics, specializing in host-endorsed and influencer advertising across primarily radio, podcasting, streaming audio, social media and other digital media channels. The Company’s advertising services also include its VeriAds Network, which is comprised of programs that enable broadcasters, podcasters and social media influencers to generate incremental advertising revenue. The Company also offers cloud-native digital content management solutions and licensing services, primarily to customers in the media and entertainment market. These offerings leverage the Company’s aiWARE technologies, providing customers with unique capabilities to enrich and drive expanded revenue opportunities from their content.

On September 14, 2021, the Company acquired PandoLogic Ltd. (“PandoLogic”), a company incorporated under the laws of the state of Israel, and a leading provider of intelligent hiring solutions, as discussed in more detail in Note 3.  PandoLogic’s software platform, PandoIQ, is an AI-enabled talent acquisition and recruitment platform. 

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Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

NOTE 2. PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Veritone, Inc. and all of its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications to other assets have been made to prior year amounts for consistency and comparability with the current year’s financial statement presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported total assets and liabilities.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

During 2021 and 2020, the Company generated cash flows from operations of $7,234 and $1,433, respectively, and incurred net losses of $70,593 and $47,876, respectively.  Also, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $350,958 as of December 31, 2021. Historically, the Company has satisfied its capital needs with the net proceeds from its sales of equity securities, its issuance of convertible debt, and the exercise of common stock warrants.  In 2021, the Company completed an offering of its convertible senior notes for aggregate net proceeds of $194,946 including $6,304 in debt issuance costs, used $18,616 of those net proceeds to purchase the capped call transactions related to the convertible senior notes, received net proceeds of $7,905 from the issuance of common stock under the Company’s employee stock plans and $2,279 from the exercise of common stock warrants. In 2020, the Company completed an offering of its common stock for aggregate net proceeds of $59,771 and raised net proceeds of $5,986 through sales of its common stock under an Equity Distribution Agreement dated June 1, 2018 (the “Equity Distribution Agreement”).

In 2022, driven by the acquisition of PandoLogic in September 2021, the Company expects to generate positive consolidated cash flows from its operations. As a result, management believes that the Company’s existing balances of cash and cash equivalents, which totaled $254,722 as of December 31, 2021, will be sufficient to meet its anticipated cash requirements for the foreseeable future.

Use of Accounting Estimates

The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The principal estimates relate to the accounting recognition and presentation of revenue, allowance for doubtful accounts, purchase accounting, impairment of long-lived assets, the valuation of contingent consideration, the valuation of stock awards and stock warrants and income taxes, where applicable.

There has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to its estimates or assumptions or a revision of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities as of the date of filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

These estimates and assumptions may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained. As a result, actual results could differ materially from these estimates and assumptions.

Business Combinations

The results of a business acquired in a business combination are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the date of the acquisition. Purchase accounting results in assets and liabilities of an acquired business generally being recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Any excess consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill.

Transaction costs associated with business combinations are expensed as incurred and are included in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

The Company performs valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and allocates the purchase price to its respective assets and liabilities. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed may require management to use significant judgment and estimates, including the selection of valuation methodologies, estimates of future revenues, costs and cash flows, discount rates, and selection of comparable companies. The Company engages the assistance of valuation specialists in concluding on fair value measurements in connection with determining fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination.

Cash Equivalents

All highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase are classified as cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable and Expenditures Billable to Clients

Accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from the Company’s clients and customers under normal trade terms. Allowances for uncollectible accounts are recorded based upon a number of factors that are reviewed by the Company on an ongoing basis, including historical amounts that have been written off, an evaluation of current economic conditions, and an assessment of customer creditworthiness. Judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of accounts receivable.

The amounts due from clients based on costs incurred or fees earned that have not yet been billed to advertising clients are reflected as expenditures billable to clients in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy, which is based on three levels of inputs, the first two of which are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value, is as follows:

• Level 1 — quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

• Level 2 — inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; or

• Level 3 — unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The Company classifies its cash equivalents within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy on the basis of valuations based on quoted prices for the specific securities in an active market.

The Company’s stock warrants are categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.  Stock warrants are recorded within other accrued liabilities and equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. The warrants have been recorded at their fair values using a probability weighted expected return model or Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model.  These models incorporate contractual terms and assumptions regarding expected term, risk-free rates and volatility.  The value of the Company’s stock warrants would increase if a higher risk-free interest rate was used and would decrease if a lower risk-free interest rate was used. Similarly, a higher volatility assumption would increase the value of the stock warrants, and a lower volatility assumption would decrease the value of the stock warrants. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist.

The Company’s contingent consideration is categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.  Contingent consideration is recorded within contingent consideration, current and contingent consideration, non-current in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021. The contingent consideration has been recorded at its fair values using a Monte Carlo simulation option pricing framework.  These models incorporate contractual terms and assumptions regarding financial forecasts for PandoLogic, discount rates, and volatility of forecasted revenue.  The value of the Company’s contingent consideration would increase if a lower discount rate was used and would increase if a higher discount rate was used. Similarly, a higher revenue volatility assumption would increase the value of the contingent consideration, and a lower revenue volatility assumption would decrease the value of the contingent consideration. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist.

The Company’s senior convertible notes are categorized as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, given that few of the senior convertible notes have been traded since issuance in November 2022. The Company has determined that the carrying value of the senior convertible notes approximates fair value as of December 31, 2021 due to the issuance at fair value occurring in close proximity to the period measured.

The Company’s other financial instruments consist primarily of cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable.  The Company has determined that the carrying values of these financial instruments approximate fair value for the periods presented due to their short-term nature and the relatively stable current interest rate environment.

Long-Term Restricted Cash

Long-term restricted cash consists primarily of collateral required as security for the Company’s corporate credit cards.

Property, Equipment and Improvements

Property, equipment and improvements are stated at cost. Repairs and maintenance to these assets are charged to expense as incurred. Major improvements enhancing the function and/or useful life of the related assets are capitalized. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (or lease term, if shorter) of the related assets. At the time of retirement or disposition of these assets, the cost and accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any related gains or losses are recorded in the Company’s statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

The useful lives of property, equipment and improvements are as follows:

• Property and equipment — 3 years

• Leasehold improvements — 5 years or the remaining lease term, whichever is shorter

The Company assesses the recoverability of property, equipment and improvements whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. No property, equipment and improvements were impaired in the periods presented.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations accounted for under the acquisition method. Intangible assets include acquired developed technology, licensed technology, customer relationships, noncompete covenants, and trademarks and tradenames. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the applicable amortization period as set forth below.

The amortization periods for intangible assets are as follows:

• Developed technology — 4 to 5 years

• Customer relationships — 5 to 7 years

• Noncompete agreements — 3 to 4 years

• Trademarks and trade names —2 to 5 years

• Licensed technology — lesser of the term of the agreement, or the estimated useful life

Intangible asset amortization expense is recorded in amortization on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Impairment of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

Goodwill is not amortized but instead is tested at least annually for impairment, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. The Company’s annual impairment test is performed during the second quarter.  In assessing goodwill impairment, the Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The Company’s qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill considers various macro-economic, industry-specific and company-specific factors. These factors include: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant company-specific actions, including exiting an activity in conjunction with restructuring of operations; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of the Company’s financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in the Company’s market capitalization below its net book value. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines it is unlikely that the fair value of such reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative analysis is unnecessary. However, if the Company concludes otherwise, or if it elects to bypass the qualitative analysis, then it is required to perform a quantitative analysis that compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired; otherwise, a goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the lesser of: (a) the amount that the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value; or (b) the amount of the goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

The Company reviews long-lived assets to be held and used, other than goodwill, for impairment at least annually, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If an evaluation of recoverability is required, the estimated undiscounted future cash flows directly associated with the asset are compared with the asset’s carrying amount. If the estimated future cash flows from the use of the asset are less than the carrying value, an impairment charge would be recorded to write down the asset to its estimated fair value.

No impairment of goodwill or long-lived assets was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue under its contracts with customers in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”). The Company derives its revenues primarily from two sources: (1) Software Products & Services, which are comprised primarily of subscription and related fees from customers for access to and use of the Company’s platforms and associated services delivered as software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) and (2) Managed Services, which are composed of content licensing revenues made up primarily of fees from customers for licenses to third-party content owners’ digital assets and advertising revenues.

The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company follows a five-step process to determine revenue recognition, as follows:

• Identifies the contract(s) with a customer;

• Identifies the performance obligations in the contract;

• Determines the transaction price;

• Allocates the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

• Recognizes revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company enters into contracts with customers that may include promises to transfer multiple services.  The Company evaluates these services to determine whether they represent distinct, separately identifiable performance obligations that should be accounted for separately or as a single performance obligation.  For contracts containing multiple performance obligations, to meet the allocation objective of Topic 606, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) basis.  The SSP is the price at which the Company would sell a promised service separately to a customer.  For certain arrangements, the determinations regarding whether a contract contains multiple performance obligations and, if so, the SSP of each performance obligation, may require judgment by management.

Software Products & Services Revenues

aiWARE Revenues

The Company has agreements with its customers under which it provides customers with access to and use the Company’s aiWARE and digital content management platforms.  Under most agreements, the Company provides access to the platform, specified applications and associated data ingestion, hosting and/or processing services, and standard user support.  Fees for these services typically take the form of a fixed monthly subscription fee, with certain contracts specifying usage-based fees for data processing services in excess of the data processing services included as part of such subscription services. Fees for excess usage-based data processing services are accounted for as variable consideration.  In certain cases, the fixed monthly subscription fee may adjust during each monthly period of the contract based on changes in the monthly volume of services, at the rates established in the contract.  These contracts typically have terms ranging from one to three years, with renewal options, and do not contain refund-type provisions.  All significant services provided as part of these subscription arrangements are highly interdependent and constitute a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct services transferred to the customer in a similar manner throughout the contract term (collectively, the “subscription services”).  The fixed subscription fees are recognized as revenue over the contract term using the output method of passage of time, as this best depicts the pattern of control transfer. If a portion of the term of a contract is cancellable, the Company determines the transaction price for, and recognizes revenue ratably over, the non-cancellable portion of the term of the contract. In certain SaaS arrangements with broadcasters, the fees for subscription services are paid by broadcasters with advertising inventory that is provided to and monetized by the Company. The Company recognizes revenue for these arrangements based on the estimated fair value of the advertising inventory.

The Company also makes data processing, storage and transfer services available to customers through its aiWARE and digital content management platforms under usage-based arrangements with no minimum fees, either separately or in addition to subscription services as described above.  Fees are charged for actual usage of such services at the rates specified in the contract for each particular service.  Each of these distinct services represents an individual performance obligation. When sold in connection with subscription services, the Company considers the allocation guidance of Topic 606.

Variable consideration for usage-based data processing, storage and transfer services is recognized in the month in which it is earned, as the payment terms relate to a specific outcome (amount of data processed, stored or transferred) of delivering the distinct time increment (the month) of services, and represents the fees to which the Company expects to be entitled for providing the services, and allocating the variable fees in this way is consistent with the allocation objective of Topic 606.

The Company also enters into software license agreements with customers under which the Company provides software representing an on-premises deployment of its aiWARE platform or components thereof.  Under these license agreements, the customer is responsible for the installation and configuration of the software in the customer-controlled environment.  The Company recognizes the license fees as revenue under these agreements at the time that the software is made available by the Company for download by the customer.

The Company typically invoices its aiWARE SaaS customers for subscription services monthly, for on-premises software at the time the software is made available for download by the customer, and for professional services either monthly or in accordance with an agreed upon invoicing schedule.  Invoices are typically due and payable within 30 days following the date of invoice.  Amounts that have been invoiced are recorded in revenue or in deferred revenue, depending on whether transfer of control to customers of the promised services has occurred.  

PandoLogic Revenues

The Company generates revenue primarily from platform services where it provides its customers access to intelligent hiring services, including ad placements on job boards. Revenue is derived from AI-enabled services, which uses software and algorithms to match buyers and sellers of digital job advertising in a technology-driven marketplace. The Company provides the use of its solution to clients to execute digital hiring campaigns at scale, which are typically ordered through monthly purchasing commitments. The Company charges clients a fee based on various performance indicators as outlined in our customer contracts including job advertisements placed, potential job applicants or other outputs of services placed through its platform, which is accounted for as variable consideration. All services provided as part of these arrangements are highly interdependent and constitute a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct services transferred to the customer in a similar manner throughout the contract term. Revenue is recognized over time using the input method of cost incurred as platform services are provided during each campaign as this best depicts the transfer of control. The Company determined that it is not a principal in the purchase and sale of job placements in its arrangements, and as a result, reports its revenue on a net basis for solution fees charged to clients. Costs to source applicants are recorded monthly over the period the services are delivered as an offset to revenue.

Managed Services Revenues

Advertising Revenues

The Company’s advertising services consist primarily of placing advertisements for clients with media vendors, including broadcasters, podcasters and digital media providers. Under the most common billing arrangements, the Company bills and collects the gross cost of the advertisement it places, less any discounts negotiated with its client from the media vendor’s standard agency fee. The Company then remits to the media vendor the gross amount less the standard agency fee. The amount billed to the client, less the amount payable to the media vendor, represents the Company’s fees and is recognized as revenue.

All significant services performed by the Company under its contracts with advertising clients in conjunction with media placements, including planning and placing media and verifying that advertisements have aired, represent a single performance obligation as such services are highly interrelated.  The Company’s fee, which represents the transaction price, is recognized as revenue at a point in time when the advertisement is aired, which is the point at which the Company has an enforceable right to payment of its fees.

The Company’s clients may be required to make a deposit or prepay the gross costs of advertisements, including the Company’s fees. Such amounts are reflected as accrued media payments on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets until all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

For certain advertising products, we provide advertisers with the opportunity to reach unique ad units and markets. Leveraging our aiWARE platform to programmatically manage clearance, verification and analysis of advertising performance, we create marketable advertising products through the curation of our broadcaster and influencer networks. We receive fees from advertisers or resellers as consideration for combined software and services performed by us. The amount expected to be received from the advertiser or through the reseller represents our fees which are recognized when our services are transferred to the customer. The Company concluded that it is the principal in delivering these products to customers and as a result reports revenue on a gross basis.

Licensing Revenues

The Company has agreements with third-party owners of digital assets pursuant to which the Company licenses those assets to customers and remits royalties to the content owners. In licensing such third-party digital assets, the Company hosts public and private content libraries on the Company’s platform to enable customers to view and search for digital assets to be licensed, establishes and negotiates with customers the scope and term of, and the prices for, licenses to those digital assets, and makes the licensed digital assets available to the end-customers.  The Company is considered the principal under most agreements that have this range of services due to obtaining control prior to transfer of the assets, and the Company records the revenue from the customer gross of royalties due to the content owner. In limited cases, the Company does not obtain control prior to transfer of the assets, and accordingly, the Company records revenues net of royalties due to the content owner.

The Company licenses digital assets under (i) individual license agreements, pursuant to which the customer licenses a particular digital asset (or set of digital assets) for a specified license fee, and (ii) bulk license agreements, pursuant to which the customer pays a fixed fee to have access to view and search third-party owners’ content and to license a specified number

of minutes of that content in each year over the term of the contracts, which typically range from one to three years, with certain contracts specifying usage-based license fees for additional digital assets that may be licensed by the customer. 

Under individual license agreements, the Company has a single performance obligation, which is to make the licensed digital assets available to the customer, generally by download.  The Company recognizes the license fees charged for the digital assets as revenue when the licensed digital assets are made available to the customer.

Under bulk license agreements, the Company’s obligations include hosting the content libraries for access and searching by the customer, updating the libraries with new content provided by the content owner, and making assets selected by the customer available for download, throughout the term of the contract.  All of these services are highly interdependent and constitute a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct services transferred to the customer in a similar manner throughout the contract term.  The predominant item in the single performance obligation is a license providing a right to access the content library throughout the license period. For these arrangements, the Company recognizes the total fixed fees under the contract as revenue ratably over the term of the contract as the performance obligation is satisfied, as this best depicts the pattern of control transfer.  If the customer selects digital assets in excess of the amount included in the fixed fees under the contract, the Company constrains the variable consideration until the usage occurs and recognizes such usage-based license fees as the digital assets are made available to the customer, consistent with the usage-based royalty accounting of Topic 606.

Gross Versus Net Revenue Recognition

The Company reports revenue on a gross or net basis based on management’s assessment of whether the Company acts as a principal or agent in the transaction. To the extent the Company acts as the principal, revenue is reported on a gross basis, net of any sales tax from customers, when applicable. The determination of whether the Company acts as a principal or an agent in a transaction is based on an evaluation of whether the Company controls the good or service prior to transfer to the customer. The Company has determined that it acts as the principal in providing all of its services with the exception of certain content licensing services, advertising services and PandoLogic services, where the Company recognizes its fees on a net basis.

Remaining Performance Obligations

As of December 31, 2021, the aggregate amount of the transaction prices under the Company’s contracts allocated to the Company’s remaining performance obligations was $8,186, approximately 56% of which the Company expects to recognize as revenue over the next twelve months, and the remainder thereafter.  This aggregate amount excludes amounts allocated to remaining performance obligations under contracts that have an original duration of one year or less and variable consideration that is allocated to remaining performance obligations.  Excluded based on this policy are balances related to PandoLogic representing gross purchase orders to be satisfied in less than one year.  

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue related to the Company’s advertising business consists of production costs relating to advertising content for advertisements placed for clients, and amounts payable to media vendors under revenue sharing arrangements for ad inventory transferred to and monetized by the Company.

Cost of revenue related to the Company’s Software Products & Services consists primarily of fees charged by vendors for cloud infrastructure, computing and storage services and cognitive processing services related to the operation of the Company’s platforms. The Company’s arrangements with cloud infrastructure providers typically require fees that are based on computing time, data storage and transfer volumes, and reserved computing capacity. The Company also pays fees to third-party providers of AI models, which are generally based upon the hours of media processed through their models.

Cost of revenue related to the Company’s Managed Services include royalties paid to content owners on revenue generated from the Company’s licensing of their content, and fees charged by vendors that provide products and services in support of the Company’s live event services and obtaining of talent and property clearances.  

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the award.

Prior to the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”), the fair values of restricted stock awards were estimated at the date of grant by using both the option-pricing method and the probability-weighted expected return method. All restricted stock awards granted prior to the Company’s IPO have vested in full as of the fourth quarter of 2020. Following the Company’s IPO, the fair values of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards granted by the Company are based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

The Company estimates the fair values of stock options having time-based vesting conditions, as well as purchase rights under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model.  The Company’s performance-based stock options vest if a specified target price for the Company’s common stock is achieved.  The Company estimates the fair values of performance-based stock options utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model, to estimate the date that the specified stock price targets will be achieved (the attainment date), and the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. A fair value is determined for each tranche of such performance-based stock options that is tied to a particular stock price target.

Determining the appropriate fair values of stock options and ESPP purchase rights at the grant date requires significant judgment, including estimating the volatility of the Company’s common stock, the expected term of awards, and the derived service periods for each tranche of performance stock options. In determining fair values, the Company estimated volatility based on the historical volatility of its own common stock along with the volatility of the peer group. In calculating estimated volatility, as the number of years of trading history for the Company’s common stock has increased, the volatility of the Company’s common stock has been given a weighting ranging from 25% to 50% and the volatility of the peer group companies has been given a weighting ranging from 75% to 50%, with each peer company weighted equally. The Company will continue utilizing this combination and will periodically adjust the weightings as additional historical volatility data for its own shares of common stock becomes available.  

The expected term for stock options other than performance-based stock options represents the period of time that stock options are expected to be outstanding and is determined using the simplified method. Under the simplified method, the expected term is calculated as the midpoint between the weighted average vesting date and the contractual term of the options. The expected term for performance-based stock options considers the remaining term of the option after the attainment date and the ratio of the stock price at the attainment date to the option exercise price.

The risk-free rate is based on the implied yield of U.S. Treasury notes as of the grant date with a remaining term approximately equal to the expected term of the award.

The assumptions used in the Company’s Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing and Monte Carlo simulation models represent management’s best estimates. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. 

The fair value of stock-based awards (other than performance-based stock options) is amortized using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period. For performance-based stock options, expense is recognized over a graded-vesting attribution basis over the period from the grant date to the estimated attainment date, which is the derived service period of each tranche of the award.

In recording stock-based compensation expense, the Company accounts for actual forfeitures as they occur and does not estimate forfeitures.

If performance options are modified, the fair values and the new derived service periods of the modified awards as of the date of modification and the fair values of the original awards immediately before the modification are determined.  The amount of incremental compensation expense resulting from the modification of each award is equal to the excess of the fair value of the modified award on the date of modification over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The incremental compensation expense is recognized over the new derived service period of the modified award.

Advertising and Marketing Costs

Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred and are primarily included in sales and marketing expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Advertising and marketing costs include personnel-related costs for sales and marketing resources, online and print advertising, public relations, tradeshows, and sponsorships. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded expense of $2,681 and $1,214, respectively, for advertising and marketing costs.

Research and Development Costs and Software Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Costs related to the development of computer software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed by the Company in the future are expensed as incurred. The costs of internal-use software that is developed to meet the Company’s needs and will not be marketed externally is subject to capitalization. The company capitalized $413 of software development costs in 2021 and $72 software development costs were capitalized in 2020.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities using statutory tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse.

The Company assesses the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, if recovery is not more likely than not, the Company establishes a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. Realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent on the Company generating sufficient taxable income in future years to obtain a benefit from the reversal of temporary differences and from net operating losses.

The Company utilizes a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to determine whether the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes. If the first test is met, then the second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount which is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss consists of net loss and other gains and losses affecting equity that are excluded from net loss. These consist of foreign currency translation adjustments.

Segment Information

The Company reports segment information based on the internal reporting used by the chief operating decision maker for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Company’s reportable segments. As of October 1, 2021, the Company determined that there was a change in the internal reporting for such information reviewed by the chief operating decision maker. As a result, the Company determined that it has one reportable segment.

The chief operating decision maker reviews financial information on a consolidated basis, accompanied by more detailed revenue information for Commercial Enterprise and Government & Regulated Industries (see Note 8), but does not evaluate other metrics such as cost of revenue, operating expenses, total assets, net income (loss), capital expenditures, goodwill or other intangible assets financial information on a more disaggregated basis. The Company’s revenues are generated primarily in the United States of America and it therefore does not report additional information on geographic segments.

Significant Customers

One individual customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021.  No individual customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020. Two individual customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable as of December 31, 2021, and two individual customers accounted for 10% or more of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020.

Concentration of Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with what management believes are quality financial institutions in the United States and performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions in order to limit the amount of credit exposure with any one institution. At times, the value of the United States deposits exceeds federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). The JOBS Act permits emerging growth companies to take advantage of an extended transition period to comply with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. The Company has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards under Section 107 of the JOBS Act. This election allows the Company to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until those standards apply to private companies.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020—06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models available for convertible instruments. This guidance also eliminates the treasury stock method to calculate diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments and requires the use of the if-converted method. The Company early adopted the standard as of January 1, 2021 and applied this guidance to the convertible senior notes issued in November 2021. Refer to Note 4 for additional information.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The amendments under this pronouncement will change the way all leases with duration of one year or more are treated. Under this guidance, lessees will be required to capitalize virtually all leases on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and an associated financing lease liability or capital lease liability. The right-of-use asset represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the specified lease term. The lease liability represents the lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease, measured on a discounted basis. Based on certain characteristics, leases are classified as financing leases or operating leases. Financing lease liabilities, those that contain provisions similar to capitalized leases, are amortized in the same manner as capital leases are amortized under current accounting rules, as amortization expense and interest expense in the statement of operations. Operating lease liabilities are amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease as lease expense in the statement of operations. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning with the first quarter of fiscal year 2022. The Company will adopt on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective method, with the new guidance applied prospectively as of the date of adoption and prior periods not restated. Upon adoption, the Company expects to recognize operating lease liabilities of $4.5 million and operating lease right-of-use assets of $1.1 million.

In September 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326). which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures as well as the timing of adoption.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12 to simplify the accounting in ASC 740, Income Taxes. This standard removes certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. This guidance also clarifies and simplifies other areas of ASC 740. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2022, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on its financial statements and related disclosures as well as the timing of adoption.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires entities to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, in order to align the recognition of a contract liability with the definition of a performance obligation. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on its financial statements and related disclosures as well as the timing of adoption.

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Business Combinations

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Business Combinations

NOTE 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

On September 14, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of PandoLogic Ltd., a company incorporated under the laws of the state of Israel, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) dated as of July 21, 2021. PandoLogic is a leading provider of intelligent hiring solutions and utilizes its proprietary platform to accelerate the time and

improve the efficiency in the process for employers hiring at scale for both mass market and difficult-to-source candidates. PandoLogic’s fully autonomous recruiting platform helps employers source talent faster and more efficiently with predictive algorithms, machine learning and AI.

The total purchase consideration for PandoLogic was $122,451 (the “Merger Consideration”), which consisted of upfront consideration of $58,733 in cash and $31,500 for the fair value of the Company’s 1,704,822 shares of common stock, up to $65,000 in contingent consideration based on achieving certain earnouts tied to financial performance of PandoLogic in fiscal 2021 and 2022, which amount will be paid in a combination of cash and common stock (the “Earnout”), and a net working capital adjustment of $5,818 paid in cash. The Company utilized a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate the fair value of the Earnout. The fair value of the Earnout was estimated to be $30,000 as of September 14, 2021, $26,400 of which was deemed to be purchase consideration and recorded within contingent consideration current and contingent consideration non-current on the consolidated balance sheet. The remaining $3,600 will be recognized as compensation expense over the Earnout period in the general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Subsequent to the acquisition date, the Company is required to reassess its estimate of the fair value of the Earnout, including certain future Earnout obligations triggered on employment status of certain PandoLogic management employees, and record any changes in earnings when the estimate is based on information not known as of the acquisition date (See Note 6). The Company incurred $2,161 in acquisition related expenses and has recorded them in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

The following table summarizes the fair value of the purchase price consideration (in thousands):

Acquisition consideration	Amount
Cash consideration at closing	$	58,733
Equity consideration at closing		31,500
Contingent earnout		26,400
Net working capital adjustment		5,818
Total	$	122,451

The allocation of the purchase consideration to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed is based on estimated fair values and is as follows (in thousands):

Purchase price allocation**	Amount
Cash	$	11,581
Accounts receivable		21,344
Prepaid and other current assets		8,710
Property and equipment		618
Intangible assets		86,000
Other assets		1,653
Total assets acquired		129,906
Accounts payable		13,183
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		9,443
Deferred tax liability		11,828
Total liabilities assumed		34,454
Identifiable net assets acquired	$	95,452
Goodwill		26,999
Total purchase consideration	$	122,451

**The excess of the total consideration over the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets, and assumed liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is primarily attributable to operational efficiencies from operating PandoLogic products on aiWARE as well as opportunities to cross-sell into our commercial enterprise customer base.

Identifiable Intangible Assets

The identifiable intangible assets acquired consisted of developed technology, customer relationships and tradename with estimated useful lives of 4-7 years. The Company amortizes the fair value of these intangible assets on a straight-line basis over their respective useful lives.

The fair value of the intangible assets has been estimated using a combination of the income and cost approaches. Under the income approach, the after-tax cash flows associated with the asset are discounted to present value. The key assumptions include the Company's estimates of the projected cash flows and discount rates. Under the cost approach, the replacement cost is used to estimate the value of the asset. The key assumptions include the Company's estimates of the direct and indirect costs required to replace the asset. The valuation of the intangible assets acquired from PandoLogic along with their estimated useful lives, is as follows (in thousands):

	Estimated Fair Value		Estimated Useful Lives (in years)
Customer relationships		68,000	5 - 7
Developed technology		16,000		4
Trade name		2,000		5
Total intangible assets	$	86,000

Taxes

In connection with the acquisition, a net deferred tax liability of $11,828 was established primarily for the differences between the fair value of the acquired non-goodwill intangible assets and PandoLogic’s historical tax basis in these assets.  No deferred tax asset or liability is recorded on PandoLogic goodwill, $25,141 of which is not deductible for tax purposes.  In August 2021, PandoLogic obtained the approval for Preferred Technology Enterprise status under which its Israeli tax rate is reduced from the 23% statutory rate to a 12% beneficial rate.  This arrangement is scheduled to expire in December 2025.  The acquired Israel deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based on the tax rate in the year of their expected reversal.  No valuation allowance is recorded against acquired PandoLogic deferred tax assets as it is more likely than not they will be utilized to offset future taxable income.

Unaudited Pro Forma Results

The unaudited pro forma financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations for Veritone and PandoLogic as if the companies were combined for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The unaudited pro forma financial information for all periods presented included the business combination accounting effects resulting from this acquisition, including adjustments to reflect recognition of intangible asset amortization and accretion of contingent consideration. The unaudited pro forma financial information as presented below is for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisitions had taken place at the beginning of January 1, 2020.

The unaudited pro forma financial information was as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended			Year Ended
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Net revenue	$	148,129		$	105,094
Loss before provision for income taxes	$	(69,474	)	$	(33,965	)
Net loss	$	(73,145	)	$	(32,191	)

The Company recognized $38,315 in revenue and $18,317 of net income related to PandoLogic since the acquisition date of September 14 through December 31, 2021 in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

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Debt

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

NOTE 4. DEBT

Convertible Senior Notes

In November, 2021, the Company issued, at par value, $201.3 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% convertible senior notes due 2026 (the “Convertible Notes”). The issuance included the full exercise of an option granted by the Company to the initial purchasers of the Convertible Notes to purchase an additional $26.25 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes were issued pursuant to and are subject to the terms and conditions of an indenture, which is referred to as the Indenture, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The Convertible Notes were offered and sold in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

The Convertible Notes are senior, unsecured obligations of the Company and will bear interest at a rate of 1.75% per year. Interest will accrue from November 19, 2021 and will be payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on May 15, 2022. The Convertible Notes will mature on November 15, 2026, unless earlier converted, redeemed, or repurchased in accordance with the terms of the Convertible Notes.

Holders of the Convertible Notes may convert all or any portion of their Convertible Notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding May 15, 2026, only under the following conditions: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2022 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock and the conversion rate for the Convertible Notes on each such trading day; (3) if the Company calls such Convertible Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the applicable redemption date; or (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after May 15, 2026, holders may convert all or any portion of their Convertible Notes at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date regardless of the foregoing conditions. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of its common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at the Company’s election.

The conversion rate for the Convertible Notes will initially be 27.2068 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $36.76 per share of common stock). The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment in some events but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the maturity date or following the Company’s issuance of a notice of redemption, the Company will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its Convertible Notes in connection with such a corporate event or who elects to convert its Convertible Notes called (or deemed called) for redemption during the related redemption period, as the case may be.

The Company may not redeem the Convertible Notes prior to November 20, 2024. The Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the Convertible Notes (subject to certain limitations), at its option, on or after November 20, 2024 if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. No sinking fund is provided for the Convertible Notes.

If the Company undergoes a fundamental change prior to the maturity date, subject to certain conditions, holders may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their Convertible Notes. The fundamental change repurchase price will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.

The Convertible Notes are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to all of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes; equal in right of payment with all existing and future liabilities of the Company that are not so subordinated; effectively junior to any of secured indebtedness of the Company to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) and any preferred equity of the Company’s current or future subsidiaries.

The net proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes were approximately $194.9 million, after deducting debt issuance costs. The total debt issuance costs incurred and recorded by the Company amounted to $6.3 million, which were recorded as a reduction to the face amount of the Convertible Notes and will be amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes are recorded as a liability within convertible senior notes, non-current.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, interest expense related to the Convertible Notes and amortization of the issuance costs was $0.5 million. The effective annual interest rate for 2021 was approximately 2.42%. As of December 31, 2021, the if-converted value of the Convertible Notes did not exceed the outstanding principal amount. As of December 31,

2021, the total principal at issuance of the Convertible Notes of $201.3 million approximates fair value due to the issuance at fair value occurring in close proximity to the period measured.

Capped Calls

In connection with the pricing of the Convertible Notes, with the full exercise by the initial purchasers of their option to purchase additional Convertible Notes in November 2021, the Company used approximately $18.6 million of the net proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes to enter into privately negotiated capped call transactions, which are referred to as the capped calls, with various financial institutions.

The capped call transactions will cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the Convertible Notes, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock underlying the Convertible Notes. The capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution to the Company’s common stock upon conversion of the Convertible Notes and/or offset some or all of any cash payments the Company is required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted Convertible Notes, as the case may be, in the event that the market price per share of the Company’s common stock, as measured under the terms of the capped call transactions, is greater than the strike price of the capped call transactions, which initially corresponds to the conversion price of the Convertible Notes and is subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the conversion rate of the Convertible Notes. If, however, the market price per share of the Company’s common stock, as measured under the terms of the capped call transactions, exceeds the cap price of the capped call transactions, there would nevertheless be dilution and/or there would not be an offset of such potential cash payments, in each case, to the extent that such market price exceeds the cap price of the capped call transactions. The initial cap price of the capped calls is $48.55 per share of common stock, which represents a premium of 75% over the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock of $27.74 per share on November 16, 2021, and is subject to certain customary adjustments under the terms of the capped calls; provided that the cap price will not be reduced to an amount less than the strike price of $35.76 per share.

The capped call transactions are separate transactions and are not part of the terms of the Convertible Notes. The capped calls meet the criteria for classification as equity and, as such, are not remeasured each reporting period and are included as a reduction to additional paid-in-capital within stockholders’ equity.

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Net Loss Per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss Per Share

NOTE 5. NET LOSS PER SHARE 

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Numerator
Net loss	$	(70,593	)	$	(47,876	)
Denominator
Weighted-average common shares outstanding		33,310,794			27,609,403
Less:  Weighted-average shares subject to repurchase		(12,412	)		(14,492	)
Denominator for basic and diluted net loss per share    attributable to common stockholders		33,298,382			27,594,911
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(2.12	)	$	(1.73	)

The Company reported net losses for both periods presented and, as such, all potentially dilutive shares of common stock would have been antidilutive for such periods. The table below presents the weighted-average securities (in common equivalent shares) outstanding during the periods presented that have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Common stock options and restricted stock units		9,913,421		10,251,790
Warrants to purchase common stock		548,374		1,470,812
Common stock issuable in connection with convertible senior notes		5,475,369		—
Total		15,937,164		11,722,602

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Financial Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Investments All Other Investments [Abstract]

Financial Instruments

NOTE 6. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Cash, Cash Equivalents

The Company’s money market funds are categorized as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were as follows:

			Gross				Cash and
			Unrealized		Fair		Cash
	Cost		Losses		Value		Equivalents
Cash	$	253,693	$	—	$	253,693	$	253,693
Level 1:
Money market funds		1,029		—		1,029		1,029
Total	$	254,722	$	—	$	254,722	$	254,722

As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were as follows:

			Gross				Cash and
			Unrealized		Fair		Cash
	Cost		Losses		Value		Equivalents
Cash	$	44,795	$	—	$	44,795	$	44,795
Level 1:
Money market funds		70,022		—		70,022		70,022
Total	$	114,817	$	—	$	114,817	$	114,817

Contingent Consideration

All of the Company’s contingent consideration liabilities are categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Contingent consideration was valued at the time of acquisition using the Monte Carlo simulation model. This model incorporates revenue volatility, internal rate of return, and risk-free rate. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist. 

The following table summarizes quantitative information with respect to the significant unobservable inputs that were used to value the contingent consideration as of December 31, 2021:

	Contingent
	Consideration
Revenue volatility		15	%
Internal rate of return		45	%
Risk-free rate		1.9	%

As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s contingent consideration liabilities current and non-current balances were as follows:

			Changes in		Fair		Contingent
	Cost		Fair Value		Value		Consideration
Level 3:
Contingent consideration, current		18,017		1,971		19,988		19,988
Contingent consideration, non-current		8,383		16,354		24,737		24,737
Total	$	26,400	$	18,325	$	44,725	$	44,725

Stock Warrants

All of the Company’s outstanding stock warrants are categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Stock warrants have been recorded at their fair value using either a probability weighted expected return model, the Monte Carlo simulation model or the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. These models incorporate contractual terms, maturity, risk-free interest rates and volatility. The value of the Company’s stock warrants would increase if a higher risk-free interest rate was used, and would decrease if a lower risk-free interest rate was used. Similarly, a higher volatility assumption would increase the value of the stock warrants, and a lower volatility assumption would decrease the value of the stock warrants. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist.

In April 2020, in connection with a consulting agreement between the Company and a consulting firm, the Company issued to such firm a warrant to purchase up to 50,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Compensation Warrant”). The Compensation Warrant was fully vested and exercisable upon issuance, had an exercise price of $3.01 per share and was fully exercised prior to its expiration on December 31, 2021. The holder was able to redeem the warrant for a number of shares having a value equal to the in-the-money value of the warrant. The fair value of this stock warrant was $59, which was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and was recorded in general and administrative operating expenses during the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company also issued to such firm in connection with the consulting agreement an additional warrant to purchase up to 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Performance Warrant” and collectively with the Compensation Warrant, the “2020 Stock Warrants”). The Performance Warrant has an exercise price of $3.01 per share, shall vest and become exercisable in three substantially equal installments of 133,333 shares upon the achievement of specified performance goals and/or a market condition, and expires on December 31, 2023. The market condition was achieved in 2020 and, accordingly, the first installment of 133,333 shares underlying the Performance Warrant has vested and is exercisable. The fair value of the installment of the Performance Warrant tied to the market condition is $43, which was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model and was recorded in general and administrative operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company has not recorded any fair value with respect to the remaining installments linked to performance goals, because the achievement of such performance goals is not considered probable.  

The following table summarizes quantitative information with respect to the significant unobservable inputs that were used to value the 2020 Stock Warrants:

	Compensation			Performance
	Warrant			Warrant
Volatility		88	%		85	%
Risk-free rate		0.23	%		0.34	%
Term	1.7 years				4

In April 2018, in connection with the advisory agreement between the Company and a financial advisory firm, the Company issued such firm a five-year warrant to purchase up to 20,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (“April 2018 Warrant”). The April 2018 Warrant was fully vested and exercisable upon issuance and has an exercise price of $11.73 per share and expires on April 6, 2023. The Company recorded this stock warrant at its fair value of $207 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The holder may redeem the warrant for a number of shares having a value equal to the in-the-money value of the warrant. The April 2018 Warrant was outstanding at December 31, 2021.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

NOTE 7. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Goodwill

The carrying amount of goodwill was $34,058 as of December 31, 2021 and $6,904 as of December 31, 2020. The increase in the carrying amount of goodwill is due solely to the acquisition of PandoLogic in September 2021.

Intangible Assets

The following table sets forth the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets resulting from business acquisitions and other purchases, which continue to be amortized:

			December 31, 2021							December 31, 2020
	Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Software and technology		0.2	$	3,582	$	(3,515	)	$	67	$	3,582	$	(3,357	)	$	225
Licensed technology		0.0		500		(500	)		—		500		(375	)		125
Developed technology		3.3		25,600		(7,564	)		18,036		9,600		(4,480	)		5,120
Customer relationships		6.2		77,300		(9,157	)		68,143		9,300		(4,340	)		4,960
Noncompete agreements		0.6		800		(683	)		117		800		(486	)		314
Trade names		4.7		2,100		(216	)		1,884		—		—			—
Total		5.6	$	109,882	$	(21,635	)	$	88,247	$	23,782	$	(13,038	)	$	10,744

The following table presents future amortization of the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets at December 31, 2021:

2022	$	18,549
2023		17,091
2024		14,571
2025		13,405
2026		9,988
Thereafter		14,643
Total	$	88,247

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Consolidated Financial Statements Details

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Consolidated Financial Statements Details

NOTE 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DETAILS

Consolidated Balance Sheets Details

Cash and cash equivalents

As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $254,722 and $114,817, respectively, including $66,401 and $40,052, respectively, of cash received from advertising customers and content licensees for future payments to vendors.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable consisted of the following:

	As of
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Accounts receivable — Managed Services(1)	$	21,347		$	14,916
Accounts receivable — Software Products & Services(2)		59,568			—
Accounts receivable — Other		4,926			1,868
		85,841			16,784
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts		(778	)		(118	)
Accounts receivable, net	$	85,063		$	16,666

⁽¹⁾ Accounts receivable – Managed Services reflects the amounts due from the Company’s advertising customers.

⁽²⁾ Accounts receivable – Software Products & Services reflects the amounts due from the Company’s PandoLogic customers.

Property, Equipment and Improvements, Net

Property, equipment and improvements consisted of the following:

	As of
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Property and equipment	$	4,262		$	2,365
Leasehold improvements		167			2,899
		4,429			5,264
Less: accumulated depreciation		(2,873	)		(2,910	)
Property, equipment and improvements, net	$	1,556		$	2,354

Depreciation expense was $538 and $1,025 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

During 2021, primarily in connection with the sublease of its former corporate office space located in Costa Mesa, California, the Company wrote-off approximately $3,852 in property and equipment and leasehold improvements and recorded a net loss on disposal of $1,894. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company disposed of $34 in property, equipment, and improvements and recorded a $10 loss on disposal.

Accounts Payable

Accounts payable consisted of the following:

	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Accounts payable — Managed Services(1)	$	23,613	$	14,688
Accounts payable — Other		23,098		944
Total	$	46,711	$	15,632

⁽¹⁾ Accounts payable –Managed Services reflects the amounts due to media vendors for advertisements placed on behalf of the Company’s advertising clients.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss Details

Revenue

Revenue for the periods presented were comprised of the following:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Commercial Enterprise	$	111,274	$	54,557
Government & Regulated Industries		4,031		3,151
Total revenue	$	115,305	$	57,708

In the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, the Company realigned its organization to improve focus and growth into two customer groups: (1) Commercial Enterprise, which today consists of customers in the commercial sector, including our media and entertainment customers, advertising customers, content licensing customers and PandoLogic customers; and (2) Government & Regulated Industries, which today consists of customers in the government and regulated industries sectors, including our state, local and federal government, legal, compliance and energy customers.

Software Products & Services consists of revenue generated from our aiWARE platform and PandoLogic’s talent acquisition solutions, any related support and maintenance services, and any related professional services associated with the deployment and or implementation of such solutions.

Managed Services consists of revenues generated from our content licensing customers and advertising agency customers and related services.

The tables below illustrate the presentation of our revenues based on the above definitions:

	Year Ended
	December 31, 2021
			Government &
	Commercial		Regulated
	Enterprise		Industries		Total
Total Software Products & Services(1)	$	55,484	$	4,031	$	59,515
Managed Services
Advertising		40,800		—		40,800
Content Licensing		14,990		—		14,990
Total Managed Services		55,790		—		55,790
Total Revenue	$	111,274	$	4,031	$	115,305

^{(1) Software Products & Services consists of aiWARE revenues of $21,200 as well as PandoLogic revenues of $38,315}

	Year Ended
	December 31, 2020
			Government &
	Commercial		Regulated
	Enterprise		Industries		Total
Total Software Products & Services	$	10,712	$	3,151	$	13,863
Managed Services
Advertising		31,550		—		31,550
Content Licensing		12,295		—		12,295
Total Managed Services		43,845		—		43,845
Total Revenue	$	54,557	$	3,151	$	57,708

Other Expense, Net

Other expense, net for the periods presented was comprised of the following:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Interest (expense) income, net	$	(538	)	$	85
Change in fair value of warrant liability		—			(200	)
Other		(62	)		(12	)
Other expense, net	$	(600	)	$	(127	)

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Commitments and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

NOTE 9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Leases

The Company leases facilities under operating lease arrangements expiring at various years through fiscal 2024. Certain of the Company’s leases contain standard rent escalation and renewal clauses. Under certain leases, the Company is required to pay operating expenses in addition to base rent.  Rent expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

In February 2021, the Company entered into an office sublease (the “Sublease”) with a third party (the “Subtenant”), pursuant to which the Company has subleased its former office space located in Costa Mesa, California, consisting of approximately 37,875 square feet, which the Company leases pursuant to an existing lease agreement expiring in 2024 (the “Lease”). The term of the Sublease commenced in March 2021 and will continue through December 31, 2024, coterminous with the Lease. Pursuant to the Sublease, the Subtenant will pay to the Company monthly base rent, which is subject to annual rent escalations, as well as a portion of the operating expenses and taxes payable by the Company under the Lease. The Company recognized contract termination costs as a liability when it ceased using the rights conveyed under the Lease. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded approximately $3,367 in charges resulting from the Sublease, consisting of $1,894 loss on disposal of property and equipment and leasehold improvements, $1,211 loss on sublease, and $262 in initial direct costs.

On December 8, 2021, the Company signed an office lease (the “Lease”) pursuant to which the Company will lease office space located at 5921 California Avenue, Irvine, California, consisting of approximately 13,437 square feet. The Lease agreement is between the Company and Cloudvirga, Inc. (the “Sublessor”), subject to the written consent of the Landlord to the Sublessor’s original lease. The term of the Lease will commence on January 1, 2022 and will continue through December 31, 2023.  Pursuant to the Lease, the Company will pay to the Sublessor base rent in an amount of $27 per month, with rent abated during the second month of the term. While the Lease had not yet commenced during the year ending December 31, 2021, because the Lease was signed in 2021 the payments for the Lease are included within our future minimum lease payments below.

As of December 31, 2021, future minimum lease payments were as follows:

2022		2,532
2023		2,091
2024		1,730
Total minimum payments	$	6,353

As of December 31, 2021, minimum sublease rental income to be received in the future under noncancelable subleases was approximately $3,402. The total rent expense for all operating leases was $4,668 and $2,987 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Sales Taxes

 The Company collects and remits sales tax in jurisdictions in which it has a physical presence or it believes nexus exists, which therefore obligates the Company to collect and remit sales tax. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded a $516 liability and a $1,036 liability, respectively, for potential exposure in several states where there is uncertainty about the point in time at which the Company established a sufficient business connection to create nexus.

Other Contingencies

From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of its operations in the normal course of business. The Company currently is not a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

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Stockholders' Equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

NOTE 10. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

December 2020 Common Stock Offering    

In December 2020, the Company completed an offering of its common stock, pursuant to which the Company sold an aggregate of 3,450,000 shares of common stock (which included the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares) at a price of $18.50 per share, for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $59,771 after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs of approximately $4,054.

Other Common Stock Transactions

In 2021 and 2020, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,176,984 and 482,417 shares of its common stock, respectively, in connection with the exercise of stock options, grants of restricted stock awards and vesting of restricted stock units (net of forfeitures of restricted stock) under its stock incentive plans, and purchases under its Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”).

In June 2018, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement with JMP Securities as sales agent, pursuant to which it could offer and sell, from time to time, through JMP Securities, shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50,000.  In 2020 and 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,491,317 and 5,205,430 shares of its common stock, respectively, which were sold pursuant to the Equity Distribution Agreement. In 2020 and 2019, the Company received net proceeds from such sales of $5,986 and $24,373 after deducting expenses of $291 and $756, respectively. The Company voluntarily terminated the Equity Distribution Agreement in January 2021.

In 2021, the Company issued a total of 252,218 shares of its common stock upon the exercise of warrants for an aggregate exercise price of $2,279 and issued an aggregate of 23,050 shares of its common stock upon exercises of warrants to purchase an aggregate of 26,000 shares of its common stock, which were effected on a net exercise basis without cash payment of the exercise price. In 2020, the Company issued 154,311 shares of its common stock upon the exercise of warrants for an aggregate exercise price of $2,100, and issued an aggregate of 442,126 shares of common stock upon exercises of warrants to purchase an aggregate of 813,400 shares of common stock, which were effected on a net exercise basis without cash payment of the exercise price.

In 2021 and 2020, the Company issued 15,828 and 12,100 shares of its common stock, respectively, to consultants in consideration for services rendered. The Company valued these stock issuances based on the closing price of its common stock on the issuance date and recorded the expense of $369 and $95 in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

In September 2018, the Company acquired all of the outstanding capital stock of Machine Box, Inc. (“Machine Box”). The purchase consideration for the acquisition was comprised of the initial consideration paid at closing and additional contingent amounts that were payable if Machine Box achieved certain technical development and integration milestones within 12 months after the closing of the acquisition, and 80% of such consideration was payable by issuance of shares of the Company’s common stock to the former stockholders of Machine Box. During 2019, the Company determined that Machine Box had achieved the technical development and integration milestones required to be completed during such period and, as a result, the former Machine Box stockholders became entitled to receive an aggregate of 394,604 shares of the Company’s common stock, valued at $2,389 based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the respective milestone dates, of which an aggregate of 315,687 shares were issued to them, and 78,917 shares were held back from issuance by the Company to secure certain indemnification and other obligations of the former stockholders.

In 2020, the Company issued an aggregate of 105,898 shares of common stock to the former stockholders of Machine Box, representing all of the shares previously held back from issuance by the Company with respect to the initial consideration and the additional contingent consideration.

In 2020, 9,552 shares of common stock, which represented a portion of the consideration for the Company’s acquisition of Wazee Digital, Inc. (“Wazee”) in 2018 that was previously deposited in a third-party escrow account to secure certain indemnification obligations of the former stockholders of Wazee Digital, were returned to the Company and cancelled in connection with the resolution of a claim for indemnification made by the Company.

Common Stock Warrants

As discussed in Note 6 and above, in 2020, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 450,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 967,711 shares of common stock were exercised in 2020.

The table below summarizes the warrants outstanding at December 31, 2021:

				Number of
		Exercise		Shares of
Issuance Date	Life in Years	Price		Common Stock
Various dates in 2017	10	$	13.6088		145,945
April 2018	5	$	11.73		20,000
April 2020 Performance Warrant	3.7	$	3.01		330,667
					496,612

The table below summarizes the warrants outstanding at December 31, 2020:

				Number of
		Exercise		Shares of
Issuance Date	Life in Years	Price		Common Stock
Various dates in 2017	10	$	13.6088		313,440
April 2018	5	$	11.73		20,000
April 2020 Compensation Warrant	1.7	$	3.01		50,000
April 2020 Performance Warrant	3.7	$	3.01		396,000
					779,440

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Stock Plans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]

Stock Plans

NOTE 11. STOCK PLANS

2014 Stock Incentive Plan

In 2014, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders approved and adopted the 2014 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan (the “2014 Plan”), which was amended in March 2015, October 2016 and April 2017. Under the 2014 Plan, incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units may be granted to eligible employees, directors and consultants. The Company’s Board of Directors resolved not to make any further awards under the 2014 Plan following the completion of the Company’s IPO. The 2014 Plan will continue to govern all outstanding awards granted thereunder.

2017 Stock Incentive Plan

In April 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders approved and adopted the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”), which became effective on May 11, 2017. Under the 2017 Plan, incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards and restricted stock units may be granted to employees, non-employee directors, consultants and advisors. Awards granted under the 2017 Plan may be subject to time-based and/or performance-based vesting conditions.  The Company had initially reserved 2,000,000 shares of its common stock for issuance under the 2017 Plan. The share reserve increases automatically on the first trading day of January each calendar year by an amount equal to 3% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last trading day in December of the immediately preceding calendar year, up to an annual maximum of 750,000 shares. As of December 31, 2021, an aggregate of 97,797 shares of common stock were available for future grant under the 2017 Plan.

2018 Performance-Based Stock Incentive Plan

In June 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the Company’s 2018 Performance-Based Stock Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”), and approved grants under the 2018 Plan of nonstatutory stock options, having performance-based vesting conditions tied to the future achievement of stock price milestones by the Company (each, a “Performance Option”), to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer for 1,809,900 shares (the “CEO Award”) and to the Company’s President for 1,357,425 shares (the “President Award”). In May 2018, the CEO Award and the President Award had been approved by a special committee of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Special Committee”), and the 2018 Plan had been approved by the Company’s Board of Directors, subject to stockholder approval.

The 2018 Plan allows the Company to grant Performance Options to its executive officers and other employees as an incentive for them to remain in service with the Company and to further align their interests with the interests of the Company’s stockholders. A total of 4,200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock have been authorized for issuance under the 2018 Plan.

As of December 31, 2021, 8,798 shares of common stock were available for future grant under the 2018 Plan.

Inducement Grant Plan

In October 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Company’s Inducement Grant Plan.  Under the Inducement Grant Plan, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, restricted stock units and dividend equivalent rights may be granted as an inducement material for eligible persons to enter into employment with the Company in accordance with NASDAQ Marketplace Rule 5635(c)(4) and the related guidance under NASDAQ IM 5635-1, and any amendments or supplements thereto.  The Company has initially reserved 750,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Inducement Grant Plan.  As of December 31, 2021, an aggregate of 157,505 shares of common stock were available for future grant under the Inducement Grant Plan.

Terms of Awards Under Stock Plans

The 2014 Plan, 2017 Plan, 2018 Plan and Inducement Grant Plan are collectively referred to herein as the “Stock Plans.” The Stock Plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, which determines the recipients and the terms of the awards granted (with the exception of the CEO Award and President Award, which were approved by the Special Committee). All stock options granted under the Stock Plans have exercise prices equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date, and expire ten years after the grant date, subject to earlier expiration in the event of termination of the optionee’s continuous service with the Company as further described in each Stock Plan. The vesting of all awards granted under the Stock Plans is generally subject to the awardee’s continuous service with the Company, with certain exceptions, as further described in each Stock Plan.

The Company has granted to employees, non-employee directors and consultants awards of stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units that are subject to time-based vesting conditions.  The time-based stock options that have been granted to employees and consultants generally vest over a period of four years (with the exception of certain stock options granted to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and President in 2017, which vested over a period of three years, and certain other limited exceptions). Restricted stock units that have been awarded to employees generally vest over periods of one to two years.  The restricted stock units awarded to members of the Company’s Board of Directors under the automatic grant program provisions of the 2017 Plan generally vest over a period of one year.

The Company has also granted Performance Options under the 2018 Plan, the 2017 Plan and the Inducement Grant Plan.  All such Performance Options become exercisable in three equal tranches based on the achievement of specific stock price milestones for the Company’s common stock. These stock price milestones were amended in August 2020 with respect to substantially all of the Performance Options outstanding at such time, as discussed below. For each tranche to become exercisable, the closing price per share of the Company’s common stock must meet or exceed the applicable stock price target for a period of 30 consecutive trading days.  In the first quarter of 2021, the Company achieved all of the stock price milestones and, accordingly, substantially all of the then-outstanding Performance Options have vested in full.

Modifications to Performance-Based Stock Options

In August 2020, the disinterested members of the Board of Directors of the Company adopted certain amendments (the “Amendments”) to the Company’s 2018 Plan, and to the then outstanding Performance Options granted under the 2018 Plan and the 2017 Plan.  Such Amendments were approved by the Company’s stockholders at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders held on July 24, 2020.  The Amendments include (i) amendment of the stock price milestones applicable to the Performance Options, and (ii) reduction of the exercise prices of the Performance Options held by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Company’s President, which resulted in a modification of the Performance Options.

The Company values the Performance Options using a Monte Carlo simulation model. A fair value per share and a derived service period is determined for each of the three equal tranches of each Performance Award. The Company determined the fair values and the new derived service periods of the modified awards as of the date of modification and the fair values of the original awards immediately before the modification.  The amount of incremental compensation expense resulting from the modification of each award is equal to the excess of the fair value of the modified award on the date of modification over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The total incremental compensation expense resulting from the August 2020 modification of the Performance Options for approximately 215 employees was $3,011.

The assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation model for computing the fair values of the Performance Options on the August 2020 modification date and immediately before the modification are set forth in the table below:

Amendment date stock price	$	8.83
Expected volatility		80	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.6	%
Expected dividend yield		—	%
Cost of equity		12	%

Stock-based Compensation

The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense for awards granted under the Stock Plans ratably over the requisite service period.  For awards subject to time-based vesting conditions, the service period is generally the vesting period. For Performance Options, a derived service period is estimated for each tranche under the Monte Carlo simulation model. The Company also recognizes stock-based compensation expense related to the Company’s ESPP ratably over each purchase interval.

The Company has also issued shares of common stock to consultants in exchange for services under separate agreements outside of the Stock Plans.  These share-based payment transactions are measured based on the fair value of the common stock issued and are recognized in the period in which the services are rendered.

The fair values of time-based stock options granted under the Stock Plans and purchase rights under the ESPP are determined as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. The assumptions used in calculating the fair values of time-based stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are set forth in the table below:

	Year Ended		Year Ended
	December 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Expected term (in years)	5.5 - 6.1		6.0 - 6.1
Expected volatility	80% - 83%		68% - 83%
Risk-free interest rate	0.6% - 1.4%		0.4% - 1.2%
Expected dividend yield		—		—

The assumptions used in calculating the fair values of purchase rights granted under the ESPP during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are set forth in the table below:

	Year Ended			Year Ended
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Expected term (in years)	0.5 - 2.0			0.5 - 2.0
Expected volatility	67% - 119%			65% - 130%
Risk-free interest rate		0.1	%	0.1% - 1.5%
Expected dividend yield		—			—

The Company values Performance Options using a Monte Carlo simulation model. A fair value per share is determined for each of the three equal tranches of each Performance Option. No Performance Options were granted during the year ended December 31, 2021. The assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation model for computing the grant date fair values of the Performance Options granted during the year ended December 31, 2020 are set forth in the table below:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2020
Grant date stock price	$	11.10
Dividend yield		—	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.8	%
Estimated volatility		85	%

The stock-based compensation expense by type of award and by operating expense grouping are presented below:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Stock-based compensation expense by type of award:
Restricted stock units	$	19,088	$	5,560
Restricted stock awards		19		181
Machine Box contingent common stock issuances		—		(37	)
Performance-based stock options		16,315		8,480
Stock options		3,720		4,767
Employee stock purchase plan		423		493
Common stock issued for services		500		95
Total	$	40,065	$	19,539
Stock-based compensation expense by operating expense grouping:
Cost of revenue	$	116		—
Sales and marketing		1,716		889
Research and development		3,217		1,046
General and administrative		35,016		17,604
	$	40,065	$	19,539

Stock Plan Activity

Restricted Stock Awards

The Company’s restricted stock award activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted
				Average Grant
	Shares			Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2020		—		$	—
Granted		581		$	32.33
Vested		(581	)	$	32.33
Unvested at December 31, 2021		—

As of December 31, 2021, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards. Stock awards with respect to a total of 581 shares of common stock were granted during the year ended December 31, 2021, which were fully vested upon grant. The fair values of restricted stock awards that vested during the year ended December 31, 2021 totaled $19.  Stock awards with respect to a total of 6,903 shares of common stock were granted during the year ended December 31, 2020, which were fully vested upon grant. The fair values of restricted stock awards that vested during the year ended December 31, 2020 totaled $238.

Restricted Stock Units

The Company’s restricted stock units activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted
				Average Grant
	Shares			Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2020		829,124		$	11.53
Granted		896,329		$	33.33
Forfeited		(34,618	)	$	39.00
Vested		(804,374	)	$	11.47
Unvested at December 31, 2021		886,461		$	32.56

As of December 31, 2021, total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock units was $14,324, which is expected to be recognized over a period of 2.6 years. The weighted average grant date fair values per share of restricted stock units granted in the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $33.33 and $10.94, respectively. The fair values of restricted stock units vested during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 totaled $18,886 and $2,519, respectively.

Performance Options

The activity related to Performance Options for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted-Average
						Remaining	Aggregate
				Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Term	Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2020		4,234,020		$	10.55
Exercised		(373,041	)	$	5.77
Forfeited		(12,552	)	$	5.92
Expired		(13,986	)	$	5.41
Outstanding at December 31, 2021		3,834,441		$	11.05	6.51 years	$	438,278
Exercisable at December 31, 2021		3,834,441		$	11.05	6.51 years	$	438,278

During 2021, the Company achieved all of the stock price milestones applicable to substantially all of the performance-based stock options and, as a result, such performance-based stock options vested and all associated unrecognized compensation was accelerated and recognized in full as a one-time expense of $16,268. The aggregate intrinsic value of the options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2021 was $8,288. No performance-based stock options were granted during the year ended December 31, 2021. The weighted average grant date fair values per share of Performance Options granted during the year ended December 31, 2020 was $7.36. No performance-based stock options vested during the year ended December 31, 2020.

Stock Options

The activity related to all other stock options for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted-Average
						Remaining	Aggregate
				Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Term	Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2020		5,400,070		$	12.60
Granted		848,955		$	28.18
Exercised		(515,807	)	$	9.58
Forfeited		(220,109	)	$	17.45
Expired		(4,501	)	$	7.48
Outstanding at December 31, 2021		5,508,608		$	15.10	6.23 years	$	45,262
Exercisable at December 31, 2021		4,207,518		$	13.71	5.62 years	$	36,982

The weighted average grant date fair values per share of stock options granted in the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $18.64 and $4.69, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic values of the options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $10,145 and $2,238, respectively. The total grant date fair values of stock options vested during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $2,665 and $5,205, respectively.

At December 31, 2021, total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options was $14,831 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.3 years.

The aggregate intrinsic values in the tables above represent the difference between the fair market value of the Company’s common stock and the average option exercise price of in-the-money options multiplied by the number of such options.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In April 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders approved and adopted the ESPP, which became effective on May 11, 2017. The ESPP is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and is intended to qualify as an employee stock purchase plan under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. Under the ESPP, each offering period is generally 24 months with four, six-month purchase intervals, and new offering periods generally commence every six months, as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.

The purchase price for shares of the Company’s common stock under the ESPP will be established by the plan administrator prior to the start of the offering period, but will not be less than 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on (i) the first day of the offering period and (ii) the purchase date. Each purchase right granted to an employee will provide an employee with the right to purchase up to 1,000 shares of common stock on each purchase date within the offering period, subject to an aggregate limit of 200,000 shares purchased under the ESPP on each purchase date, and subject to the purchase limitations in each calendar year under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code.

The Company had initially reserved 1,000,000 shares of its common stock for issuance under the ESPP. The share reserve increases automatically on the first trading day of January each calendar year by an amount equal to 1% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last trading day in December of the immediately preceding calendar year, up to an annual maximum of 250,000 shares.

The ESPP contains a reset provision, which provides that, if the Company’s stock price on any purchase date under an offering period is less than the stock price on the start date of that offering period, then all employees participating in that offering period will be automatically transferred to the new offering period starting on the next business day following such purchase date, so long as the stock price on that start date is lower than the stock price on the start date of the offering period in which they are enrolled.  This reset feature was triggered under the ESPP on February 1, 2019 and February 1, 2020. These resets constituted modifications pursuant to the guidance in ASC 718, Stock Based Compensation.  The Company engaged specialists to determine the incremental cost associated with the modification by calculating the expense related to the modified awards using the assumptions before and after the trigger dates. The modifications did not have a material effect on the Company’s stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Employee payroll deductions accrued under the ESPP as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 totaled $282 and $135, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, a total of 135,636 and 126,550 shares of common stock were purchased under the ESPP at a weighted average purchase price of $6.77 and $1.90, respectively.

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Provision for Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Provision for Income Taxes

NOTE 12. PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES

The components of the Company’s loss before the provision for income taxes consisted of the following:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
United States of America	$	(88,092	)	$	(47,831	)
Foreign		20,243			31
Total	$	(67,849	)	$	(47,800	)

The provision for income taxes consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Current
Federal	$	249		$	—
State		99			70
Foreign		2,988			6
Total current provision		3,336			76
Deferred
Federal		(10,549	)		(11,573	)
State		(6,197	)		(4,532	)
Foreign		(520	)		—
Change in valuation allowance		16,674			16,105
Total deferred benefit		(592	)		—
Total provision for income taxes	$	2,744		$	76

A reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Tax, computed at the federal statutory rate		21.00	%		21.00	%
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit		9.37			9.36
Foreign rate differential		3.54			—
Global intangible low-taxed income		(6.84	)		—
Stock-based compensation		6.47			1.49
Earn-out revaluation		(7.08	)		—
Meals, entertainment and other		(5.92	)		1.68
Change in valuation allowance		(24.58	)		(33.69	)
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes		(4.04	)%		(0.16	)%

The significant components of the Company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	55,385		$	44,711
Stock-based compensation		21,003			15,866
Accrued expenses		1,146			2,352
Research credits		4,632			3,193
Other		669			518
Total gross deferred tax assets		82,835			66,640
Valuation allowance		(81,784	)		(65,110	)
Total deferred tax assets		1,051			1,530
Other - fixed assets and intangibles		(589	)		(1,530	)
Acquired intangibles		(11,367	)		—
Total deferred tax liabilities		(11,956	)		(1,530	)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	(10,905	)	$	—

The Company has evaluated the available positive and negative evidence supporting the realization of its gross deferred tax assets, including its cumulative losses, and the amount and timing of future taxable income, and has determined it is more likely than not that certain historical U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets will not be realized. Accordingly, the Company recorded a valuation allowance as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 against these deferred tax assets.

The change in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Valuation allowance, at beginning of year	$	65,110	$	49,005
Increase in valuation allowance		16,674		16,105
Valuation allowance, at end of year	$	81,784	$	65,110

As of December 31, 2021, the Company has federal and state income tax net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $217,754 and $135,075, respectively. The U.S. federal and state net operating losses are projected to expire beginning in 2034 and 2022, respectively, unless previously utilized. Net federal operating loss carryforwards generated after January 1, 2018 may be carried forward indefinitely, subject to the 80% taxable income limitation on the utilization of the carryforwards. In addition, the Company had federal and state research and development credit carryforwards of approximately $3,636 and $2,545, respectively, as of December 31, 2021. The federal research and development credit will begin to expire in 2036 if unused and the state research and expenditure credit may be carried forward indefinitely. Utilization of the Company's U.S. net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations set forth in Internal Revenue Code Section 382 and similar state provisions. Such an annual limitation could result in the expiration of the net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards before utilization

In connection with our acquisition of PandoLogic in September 2021, we recorded a net deferred tax liability primarily related to acquired non-goodwill intangible fair value in excess of tax basis.  No valuation allowance is recorded against acquired PandoLogic deferred tax assets as it is more likely than not they will be utilized to offset future taxable income.

In August 2021, PandoLogic obtained the approval for the Israeli Preferred Technology Enterprise (“PTE”) status which provides beneficial tax treatment for Israeli companies engaged in R&D activities that own the intellectual property rights.  Under PTE status, our Israeli tax rate is reduced from the 23% statutory rate to a 12% beneficial rate.  This arrangement is scheduled to expire in December 2025 and is subject to certain conditions which we have complied with during 2021.  The effect of this tax incentive arrangement reduced our income tax provision, as compared to the statutory rate, by $2,257 in 2021.

The Company continues to permanently reinvest its foreign cumulative earnings in its foreign subsidiaries and has not recorded any provision for deferred income taxes on the undistributed earnings.  In accordance with the U.S. global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions, we include in our U.S. income tax return foreign subsidiary earnings in excess of an allowable return on the foreign subsidiary’s tangible assets.  We account for the GILTI tax in the period in which it is incurred, and therefore have not provided any deferred tax impacts of GILTI in our consolidated financial statements.

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had approximately $1,111 and $720, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits netted against its deferred tax assets within other assets, none of which would impact the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized due to the valuation allowance. If recognized, $1,015 would result in a deferred tax asset for tax attribute carryforwards, which is expected to require a full valuation allowance based on present circumstances. The Company estimates that none of its unrecognized tax benefits will materially change within the next twelve months.  Amounts accrued for interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions were not material for any period presented. 

A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 is as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1	$	720	$	—
Gross increase for tax positions of prior years		—		470
Gross increase for tax positions of current year		391		250
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31	$	1,111	$	720

The Company is subject to taxation in the United States, Israel, the United Kingdom, and various U.S. states. Due to our tax loss carryovers in some jurisdictions, certain U.S. federal tax returns and state tax returns are open for examination since inception. The Israeli statute of limitations period is generally three years commencing at the end of the year in which the return was filed. The Company is not currently under examination from income tax authorities in the jurisdictions in which the Company does business.

On March 27, 2020, the U.S federal government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). The CARES Act is an emergency economic stimulus package in response to the coronavirus outbreak which, among other things, contains numerous income tax provisions. Some of these tax provisions are effective retroactively for years ended before the date of the enactment.  The provisions of the CARES Act did not materially impact the Company's tax position.

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Related Party Transactions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Related Party Transactions [Abstract]

Related Party Transactions

NOTE 13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

There were no related party transactions as of or during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

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Subsequent Events

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

NOTE 14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On March 1, 2022, the Company closed the acquisition of a talent agency that manages social media influencers. Consideration at close was made up of $1.5 million in cash, $2.0 million in stock and deferred cash payments and earnout consideration totaling up to $7.5 million.

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Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Veritone, Inc. and all of its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassifications

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications to other assets have been made to prior year amounts for consistency and comparability with the current year’s financial statement presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported total assets and liabilities.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity and Capital Resources

During 2021 and 2020, the Company generated cash flows from operations of $7,234 and $1,433, respectively, and incurred net losses of $70,593 and $47,876, respectively.  Also, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $350,958 as of December 31, 2021. Historically, the Company has satisfied its capital needs with the net proceeds from its sales of equity securities, its issuance of convertible debt, and the exercise of common stock warrants.  In 2021, the Company completed an offering of its convertible senior notes for aggregate net proceeds of $194,946 including $6,304 in debt issuance costs, used $18,616 of those net proceeds to purchase the capped call transactions related to the convertible senior notes, received net proceeds of $7,905 from the issuance of common stock under the Company’s employee stock plans and $2,279 from the exercise of common stock warrants. In 2020, the Company completed an offering of its common stock for aggregate net proceeds of $59,771 and raised net proceeds of $5,986 through sales of its common stock under an Equity Distribution Agreement dated June 1, 2018 (the “Equity Distribution Agreement”).

In 2022, driven by the acquisition of PandoLogic in September 2021, the Company expects to generate positive consolidated cash flows from its operations. As a result, management believes that the Company’s existing balances of cash and cash equivalents, which totaled $254,722 as of December 31, 2021, will be sufficient to meet its anticipated cash requirements for the foreseeable future.

Use of Accounting Estimates

Use of Accounting Estimates

The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The principal estimates relate to the accounting recognition and presentation of revenue, allowance for doubtful accounts, purchase accounting, impairment of long-lived assets, the valuation of contingent consideration, the valuation of stock awards and stock warrants and income taxes, where applicable.

There has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to its estimates or assumptions or a revision of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities as of the date of filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

These estimates and assumptions may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained. As a result, actual results could differ materially from these estimates and assumptions.

Business Combinations

Business Combinations

The results of a business acquired in a business combination are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the date of the acquisition. Purchase accounting results in assets and liabilities of an acquired business generally being recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Any excess consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill.

Transaction costs associated with business combinations are expensed as incurred and are included in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

The Company performs valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and allocates the purchase price to its respective assets and liabilities. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed may require management to use significant judgment and estimates, including the selection of valuation methodologies, estimates of future revenues, costs and cash flows, discount rates, and selection of comparable companies. The Company engages the assistance of valuation specialists in concluding on fair value measurements in connection with determining fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination.

Cash Equivalents

Cash Equivalents

All highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase are classified as cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable and Expenditures Billable to Clients

Accounts Receivable and Expenditures Billable to Clients

Accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from the Company’s clients and customers under normal trade terms. Allowances for uncollectible accounts are recorded based upon a number of factors that are reviewed by the Company on an ongoing basis, including historical amounts that have been written off, an evaluation of current economic conditions, and an assessment of customer creditworthiness. Judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of accounts receivable.

The amounts due from clients based on costs incurred or fees earned that have not yet been billed to advertising clients are reflected as expenditures billable to clients in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy, which is based on three levels of inputs, the first two of which are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value, is as follows:

• Level 1 — quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

• Level 2 — inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; or

• Level 3 — unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The Company classifies its cash equivalents within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy on the basis of valuations based on quoted prices for the specific securities in an active market.

The Company’s stock warrants are categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.  Stock warrants are recorded within other accrued liabilities and equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. The warrants have been recorded at their fair values using a probability weighted expected return model or Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model.  These models incorporate contractual terms and assumptions regarding expected term, risk-free rates and volatility.  The value of the Company’s stock warrants would increase if a higher risk-free interest rate was used and would decrease if a lower risk-free interest rate was used. Similarly, a higher volatility assumption would increase the value of the stock warrants, and a lower volatility assumption would decrease the value of the stock warrants. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist.

The Company’s contingent consideration is categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.  Contingent consideration is recorded within contingent consideration, current and contingent consideration, non-current in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021. The contingent consideration has been recorded at its fair values using a Monte Carlo simulation option pricing framework.  These models incorporate contractual terms and assumptions regarding financial forecasts for PandoLogic, discount rates, and volatility of forecasted revenue.  The value of the Company’s contingent consideration would increase if a lower discount rate was used and would increase if a higher discount rate was used. Similarly, a higher revenue volatility assumption would increase the value of the contingent consideration, and a lower revenue volatility assumption would decrease the value of the contingent consideration. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist.

The Company’s senior convertible notes are categorized as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, given that few of the senior convertible notes have been traded since issuance in November 2022. The Company has determined that the carrying value of the senior convertible notes approximates fair value as of December 31, 2021 due to the issuance at fair value occurring in close proximity to the period measured.

The Company’s other financial instruments consist primarily of cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable.  The Company has determined that the carrying values of these financial instruments approximate fair value for the periods presented due to their short-term nature and the relatively stable current interest rate environment.

Long-Term Restricted Cash

Long-Term Restricted Cash

Long-term restricted cash consists primarily of collateral required as security for the Company’s corporate credit cards.

Property, Equipment and Improvements

Property, Equipment and Improvements

Property, equipment and improvements are stated at cost. Repairs and maintenance to these assets are charged to expense as incurred. Major improvements enhancing the function and/or useful life of the related assets are capitalized. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (or lease term, if shorter) of the related assets. At the time of retirement or disposition of these assets, the cost and accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any related gains or losses are recorded in the Company’s statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

The useful lives of property, equipment and improvements are as follows:

• Property and equipment — 3 years

• Leasehold improvements — 5 years or the remaining lease term, whichever is shorter

The Company assesses the recoverability of property, equipment and improvements whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. No property, equipment and improvements were impaired in the periods presented.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations accounted for under the acquisition method. Intangible assets include acquired developed technology, licensed technology, customer relationships, noncompete covenants, and trademarks and tradenames. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the applicable amortization period as set forth below.

The amortization periods for intangible assets are as follows:

• Developed technology — 4 to 5 years

• Customer relationships — 5 to 7 years

• Noncompete agreements — 3 to 4 years

• Trademarks and trade names —2 to 5 years

• Licensed technology — lesser of the term of the agreement, or the estimated useful life

Intangible asset amortization expense is recorded in amortization on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Impairment of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

Impairment of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

Goodwill is not amortized but instead is tested at least annually for impairment, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. The Company’s annual impairment test is performed during the second quarter.  In assessing goodwill impairment, the Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The Company’s qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill considers various macro-economic, industry-specific and company-specific factors. These factors include: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant company-specific actions, including exiting an activity in conjunction with restructuring of operations; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of the Company’s financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in the Company’s market capitalization below its net book value. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines it is unlikely that the fair value of such reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative analysis is unnecessary. However, if the Company concludes otherwise, or if it elects to bypass the qualitative analysis, then it is required to perform a quantitative analysis that compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired; otherwise, a goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the lesser of: (a) the amount that the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value; or (b) the amount of the goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

The Company reviews long-lived assets to be held and used, other than goodwill, for impairment at least annually, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If an evaluation of recoverability is required, the estimated undiscounted future cash flows directly associated with the asset are compared with the asset’s carrying amount. If the estimated future cash flows from the use of the asset are less than the carrying value, an impairment charge would be recorded to write down the asset to its estimated fair value.

No impairment of goodwill or long-lived assets was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue under its contracts with customers in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”). The Company derives its revenues primarily from two sources: (1) Software Products & Services, which are comprised primarily of subscription and related fees from customers for access to and use of the Company’s platforms and associated services delivered as software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) and (2) Managed Services, which are composed of content licensing revenues made up primarily of fees from customers for licenses to third-party content owners’ digital assets and advertising revenues.

The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company follows a five-step process to determine revenue recognition, as follows:

• Identifies the contract(s) with a customer;

• Identifies the performance obligations in the contract;

• Determines the transaction price;

• Allocates the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

• Recognizes revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company enters into contracts with customers that may include promises to transfer multiple services.  The Company evaluates these services to determine whether they represent distinct, separately identifiable performance obligations that should be accounted for separately or as a single performance obligation.  For contracts containing multiple performance obligations, to meet the allocation objective of Topic 606, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) basis.  The SSP is the price at which the Company would sell a promised service separately to a customer.  For certain arrangements, the determinations regarding whether a contract contains multiple performance obligations and, if so, the SSP of each performance obligation, may require judgment by management.

Software Products & Services Revenues

aiWARE Revenues

The Company has agreements with its customers under which it provides customers with access to and use the Company’s aiWARE and digital content management platforms.  Under most agreements, the Company provides access to the platform, specified applications and associated data ingestion, hosting and/or processing services, and standard user support.  Fees for these services typically take the form of a fixed monthly subscription fee, with certain contracts specifying usage-based fees for data processing services in excess of the data processing services included as part of such subscription services. Fees for excess usage-based data processing services are accounted for as variable consideration.  In certain cases, the fixed monthly subscription fee may adjust during each monthly period of the contract based on changes in the monthly volume of services, at the rates established in the contract.  These contracts typically have terms ranging from one to three years, with renewal options, and do not contain refund-type provisions.  All significant services provided as part of these subscription arrangements are highly interdependent and constitute a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct services transferred to the customer in a similar manner throughout the contract term (collectively, the “subscription services”).  The fixed subscription fees are recognized as revenue over the contract term using the output method of passage of time, as this best depicts the pattern of control transfer. If a portion of the term of a contract is cancellable, the Company determines the transaction price for, and recognizes revenue ratably over, the non-cancellable portion of the term of the contract. In certain SaaS arrangements with broadcasters, the fees for subscription services are paid by broadcasters with advertising inventory that is provided to and monetized by the Company. The Company recognizes revenue for these arrangements based on the estimated fair value of the advertising inventory.

The Company also makes data processing, storage and transfer services available to customers through its aiWARE and digital content management platforms under usage-based arrangements with no minimum fees, either separately or in addition to subscription services as described above.  Fees are charged for actual usage of such services at the rates specified in the contract for each particular service.  Each of these distinct services represents an individual performance obligation. When sold in connection with subscription services, the Company considers the allocation guidance of Topic 606.

Variable consideration for usage-based data processing, storage and transfer services is recognized in the month in which it is earned, as the payment terms relate to a specific outcome (amount of data processed, stored or transferred) of delivering the distinct time increment (the month) of services, and represents the fees to which the Company expects to be entitled for providing the services, and allocating the variable fees in this way is consistent with the allocation objective of Topic 606.

The Company also enters into software license agreements with customers under which the Company provides software representing an on-premises deployment of its aiWARE platform or components thereof.  Under these license agreements, the customer is responsible for the installation and configuration of the software in the customer-controlled environment.  The Company recognizes the license fees as revenue under these agreements at the time that the software is made available by the Company for download by the customer.

The Company typically invoices its aiWARE SaaS customers for subscription services monthly, for on-premises software at the time the software is made available for download by the customer, and for professional services either monthly or in accordance with an agreed upon invoicing schedule.  Invoices are typically due and payable within 30 days following the date of invoice.  Amounts that have been invoiced are recorded in revenue or in deferred revenue, depending on whether transfer of control to customers of the promised services has occurred.  

PandoLogic Revenues

The Company generates revenue primarily from platform services where it provides its customers access to intelligent hiring services, including ad placements on job boards. Revenue is derived from AI-enabled services, which uses software and algorithms to match buyers and sellers of digital job advertising in a technology-driven marketplace. The Company provides the use of its solution to clients to execute digital hiring campaigns at scale, which are typically ordered through monthly purchasing commitments. The Company charges clients a fee based on various performance indicators as outlined in our customer contracts including job advertisements placed, potential job applicants or other outputs of services placed through its platform, which is accounted for as variable consideration. All services provided as part of these arrangements are highly interdependent and constitute a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct services transferred to the customer in a similar manner throughout the contract term. Revenue is recognized over time using the input method of cost incurred as platform services are provided during each campaign as this best depicts the transfer of control. The Company determined that it is not a principal in the purchase and sale of job placements in its arrangements, and as a result, reports its revenue on a net basis for solution fees charged to clients. Costs to source applicants are recorded monthly over the period the services are delivered as an offset to revenue.

Managed Services Revenues

Advertising Revenues

The Company’s advertising services consist primarily of placing advertisements for clients with media vendors, including broadcasters, podcasters and digital media providers. Under the most common billing arrangements, the Company bills and collects the gross cost of the advertisement it places, less any discounts negotiated with its client from the media vendor’s standard agency fee. The Company then remits to the media vendor the gross amount less the standard agency fee. The amount billed to the client, less the amount payable to the media vendor, represents the Company’s fees and is recognized as revenue.

All significant services performed by the Company under its contracts with advertising clients in conjunction with media placements, including planning and placing media and verifying that advertisements have aired, represent a single performance obligation as such services are highly interrelated.  The Company’s fee, which represents the transaction price, is recognized as revenue at a point in time when the advertisement is aired, which is the point at which the Company has an enforceable right to payment of its fees.

The Company’s clients may be required to make a deposit or prepay the gross costs of advertisements, including the Company’s fees. Such amounts are reflected as accrued media payments on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets until all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

For certain advertising products, we provide advertisers with the opportunity to reach unique ad units and markets. Leveraging our aiWARE platform to programmatically manage clearance, verification and analysis of advertising performance, we create marketable advertising products through the curation of our broadcaster and influencer networks. We receive fees from advertisers or resellers as consideration for combined software and services performed by us. The amount expected to be received from the advertiser or through the reseller represents our fees which are recognized when our services are transferred to the customer. The Company concluded that it is the principal in delivering these products to customers and as a result reports revenue on a gross basis.

Licensing Revenues

The Company has agreements with third-party owners of digital assets pursuant to which the Company licenses those assets to customers and remits royalties to the content owners. In licensing such third-party digital assets, the Company hosts public and private content libraries on the Company’s platform to enable customers to view and search for digital assets to be licensed, establishes and negotiates with customers the scope and term of, and the prices for, licenses to those digital assets, and makes the licensed digital assets available to the end-customers.  The Company is considered the principal under most agreements that have this range of services due to obtaining control prior to transfer of the assets, and the Company records the revenue from the customer gross of royalties due to the content owner. In limited cases, the Company does not obtain control prior to transfer of the assets, and accordingly, the Company records revenues net of royalties due to the content owner.

The Company licenses digital assets under (i) individual license agreements, pursuant to which the customer licenses a particular digital asset (or set of digital assets) for a specified license fee, and (ii) bulk license agreements, pursuant to which the customer pays a fixed fee to have access to view and search third-party owners’ content and to license a specified number

of minutes of that content in each year over the term of the contracts, which typically range from one to three years, with certain contracts specifying usage-based license fees for additional digital assets that may be licensed by the customer. 

Under individual license agreements, the Company has a single performance obligation, which is to make the licensed digital assets available to the customer, generally by download.  The Company recognizes the license fees charged for the digital assets as revenue when the licensed digital assets are made available to the customer.

Under bulk license agreements, the Company’s obligations include hosting the content libraries for access and searching by the customer, updating the libraries with new content provided by the content owner, and making assets selected by the customer available for download, throughout the term of the contract.  All of these services are highly interdependent and constitute a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct services transferred to the customer in a similar manner throughout the contract term.  The predominant item in the single performance obligation is a license providing a right to access the content library throughout the license period. For these arrangements, the Company recognizes the total fixed fees under the contract as revenue ratably over the term of the contract as the performance obligation is satisfied, as this best depicts the pattern of control transfer.  If the customer selects digital assets in excess of the amount included in the fixed fees under the contract, the Company constrains the variable consideration until the usage occurs and recognizes such usage-based license fees as the digital assets are made available to the customer, consistent with the usage-based royalty accounting of Topic 606.

Gross Versus Net Revenue Recognition

The Company reports revenue on a gross or net basis based on management’s assessment of whether the Company acts as a principal or agent in the transaction. To the extent the Company acts as the principal, revenue is reported on a gross basis, net of any sales tax from customers, when applicable. The determination of whether the Company acts as a principal or an agent in a transaction is based on an evaluation of whether the Company controls the good or service prior to transfer to the customer. The Company has determined that it acts as the principal in providing all of its services with the exception of certain content licensing services, advertising services and PandoLogic services, where the Company recognizes its fees on a net basis.

Remaining Performance Obligations

As of December 31, 2021, the aggregate amount of the transaction prices under the Company’s contracts allocated to the Company’s remaining performance obligations was $8,186, approximately 56% of which the Company expects to recognize as revenue over the next twelve months, and the remainder thereafter.  This aggregate amount excludes amounts allocated to remaining performance obligations under contracts that have an original duration of one year or less and variable consideration that is allocated to remaining performance obligations.  Excluded based on this policy are balances related to PandoLogic representing gross purchase orders to be satisfied in less than one year.  

Cost of Revenues

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue related to the Company’s advertising business consists of production costs relating to advertising content for advertisements placed for clients, and amounts payable to media vendors under revenue sharing arrangements for ad inventory transferred to and monetized by the Company.

Cost of revenue related to the Company’s Software Products & Services consists primarily of fees charged by vendors for cloud infrastructure, computing and storage services and cognitive processing services related to the operation of the Company’s platforms. The Company’s arrangements with cloud infrastructure providers typically require fees that are based on computing time, data storage and transfer volumes, and reserved computing capacity. The Company also pays fees to third-party providers of AI models, which are generally based upon the hours of media processed through their models.

Cost of revenue related to the Company’s Managed Services include royalties paid to content owners on revenue generated from the Company’s licensing of their content, and fees charged by vendors that provide products and services in support of the Company’s live event services and obtaining of talent and property clearances.  

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the award.

Prior to the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”), the fair values of restricted stock awards were estimated at the date of grant by using both the option-pricing method and the probability-weighted expected return method. All restricted stock awards granted prior to the Company’s IPO have vested in full as of the fourth quarter of 2020. Following the Company’s IPO, the fair values of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards granted by the Company are based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

The Company estimates the fair values of stock options having time-based vesting conditions, as well as purchase rights under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model.  The Company’s performance-based stock options vest if a specified target price for the Company’s common stock is achieved.  The Company estimates the fair values of performance-based stock options utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model, to estimate the date that the specified stock price targets will be achieved (the attainment date), and the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. A fair value is determined for each tranche of such performance-based stock options that is tied to a particular stock price target.

Determining the appropriate fair values of stock options and ESPP purchase rights at the grant date requires significant judgment, including estimating the volatility of the Company’s common stock, the expected term of awards, and the derived service periods for each tranche of performance stock options. In determining fair values, the Company estimated volatility based on the historical volatility of its own common stock along with the volatility of the peer group. In calculating estimated volatility, as the number of years of trading history for the Company’s common stock has increased, the volatility of the Company’s common stock has been given a weighting ranging from 25% to 50% and the volatility of the peer group companies has been given a weighting ranging from 75% to 50%, with each peer company weighted equally. The Company will continue utilizing this combination and will periodically adjust the weightings as additional historical volatility data for its own shares of common stock becomes available.  

The expected term for stock options other than performance-based stock options represents the period of time that stock options are expected to be outstanding and is determined using the simplified method. Under the simplified method, the expected term is calculated as the midpoint between the weighted average vesting date and the contractual term of the options. The expected term for performance-based stock options considers the remaining term of the option after the attainment date and the ratio of the stock price at the attainment date to the option exercise price.

The risk-free rate is based on the implied yield of U.S. Treasury notes as of the grant date with a remaining term approximately equal to the expected term of the award.

The assumptions used in the Company’s Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing and Monte Carlo simulation models represent management’s best estimates. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. 

The fair value of stock-based awards (other than performance-based stock options) is amortized using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period. For performance-based stock options, expense is recognized over a graded-vesting attribution basis over the period from the grant date to the estimated attainment date, which is the derived service period of each tranche of the award.

In recording stock-based compensation expense, the Company accounts for actual forfeitures as they occur and does not estimate forfeitures.

If performance options are modified, the fair values and the new derived service periods of the modified awards as of the date of modification and the fair values of the original awards immediately before the modification are determined.  The amount of incremental compensation expense resulting from the modification of each award is equal to the excess of the fair value of the modified award on the date of modification over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The incremental compensation expense is recognized over the new derived service period of the modified award.

Advertising and Marketing Costs

Advertising and Marketing Costs

Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred and are primarily included in sales and marketing expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Advertising and marketing costs include personnel-related costs for sales and marketing resources, online and print advertising, public relations, tradeshows, and sponsorships. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded expense of $2,681 and $1,214, respectively, for advertising and marketing costs.

Research and Development Costs and Software Development Costs

Research and Development Costs and Software Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Costs related to the development of computer software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed by the Company in the future are expensed as incurred. The costs of internal-use software that is developed to meet the Company’s needs and will not be marketed externally is subject to capitalization. The company capitalized $413 of software development costs in 2021 and $72 software development costs were capitalized in 2020.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities using statutory tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse.

The Company assesses the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, if recovery is not more likely than not, the Company establishes a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. Realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent on the Company generating sufficient taxable income in future years to obtain a benefit from the reversal of temporary differences and from net operating losses.

The Company utilizes a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to determine whether the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes. If the first test is met, then the second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount which is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss consists of net loss and other gains and losses affecting equity that are excluded from net loss. These consist of foreign currency translation adjustments.

Segment Information

Segment Information

The Company reports segment information based on the internal reporting used by the chief operating decision maker for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Company’s reportable segments. As of October 1, 2021, the Company determined that there was a change in the internal reporting for such information reviewed by the chief operating decision maker. As a result, the Company determined that it has one reportable segment.

The chief operating decision maker reviews financial information on a consolidated basis, accompanied by more detailed revenue information for Commercial Enterprise and Government & Regulated Industries (see Note 8), but does not evaluate other metrics such as cost of revenue, operating expenses, total assets, net income (loss), capital expenditures, goodwill or other intangible assets financial information on a more disaggregated basis. The Company’s revenues are generated primarily in the United States of America and it therefore does not report additional information on geographic segments.

Significant Customers

Significant Customers

One individual customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021.  No individual customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020. Two individual customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable as of December 31, 2021, and two individual customers accounted for 10% or more of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020.

Concentration of Risk

Concentration of Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with what management believes are quality financial institutions in the United States and performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions in order to limit the amount of credit exposure with any one institution. At times, the value of the United States deposits exceeds federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). The JOBS Act permits emerging growth companies to take advantage of an extended transition period to comply with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. The Company has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards under Section 107 of the JOBS Act. This election allows the Company to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until those standards apply to private companies.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020—06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models available for convertible instruments. This guidance also eliminates the treasury stock method to calculate diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments and requires the use of the if-converted method. The Company early adopted the standard as of January 1, 2021 and applied this guidance to the convertible senior notes issued in November 2021. Refer to Note 4 for additional information.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The amendments under this pronouncement will change the way all leases with duration of one year or more are treated. Under this guidance, lessees will be required to capitalize virtually all leases on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and an associated financing lease liability or capital lease liability. The right-of-use asset represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the specified lease term. The lease liability represents the lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease, measured on a discounted basis. Based on certain characteristics, leases are classified as financing leases or operating leases. Financing lease liabilities, those that contain provisions similar to capitalized leases, are amortized in the same manner as capital leases are amortized under current accounting rules, as amortization expense and interest expense in the statement of operations. Operating lease liabilities are amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease as lease expense in the statement of operations. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning with the first quarter of fiscal year 2022. The Company will adopt on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective method, with the new guidance applied prospectively as of the date of adoption and prior periods not restated. Upon adoption, the Company expects to recognize operating lease liabilities of $4.5 million and operating lease right-of-use assets of $1.1 million.

In September 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326). which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures as well as the timing of adoption.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12 to simplify the accounting in ASC 740, Income Taxes. This standard removes certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. This guidance also clarifies and simplifies other areas of ASC 740. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2022, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on its financial statements and related disclosures as well as the timing of adoption.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires entities to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, in order to align the recognition of a contract liability with the definition of a performance obligation. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on its financial statements and related disclosures as well as the timing of adoption.

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Business Combinations (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Summary of Unaudited Proforma Information

The unaudited pro forma financial information was as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended			Year Ended
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Net revenue	$	148,129		$	105,094
Loss before provision for income taxes	$	(69,474	)	$	(33,965	)
Net loss	$	(73,145	)	$	(32,191	)

Pandologic Ltd [Member]

Summary of Allocation of Purchase Consideration

The following table summarizes the fair value of the purchase price consideration (in thousands):

Acquisition consideration	Amount
Cash consideration at closing	$	58,733
Equity consideration at closing		31,500
Contingent earnout		26,400
Net working capital adjustment		5,818
Total	$	122,451

The allocation of the purchase consideration to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed is based on estimated fair values and is as follows (in thousands):

Purchase price allocation**	Amount
Cash	$	11,581
Accounts receivable		21,344
Prepaid and other current assets		8,710
Property and equipment		618
Intangible assets		86,000
Other assets		1,653
Total assets acquired		129,906
Accounts payable		13,183
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		9,443
Deferred tax liability		11,828
Total liabilities assumed		34,454
Identifiable net assets acquired	$	95,452
Goodwill		26,999
Total purchase consideration	$	122,451

Summary of Valuation of Intangible Assets

The valuation of the intangible assets acquired from PandoLogic along with their estimated useful lives, is as follows (in thousands):

	Estimated Fair Value		Estimated Useful Lives (in years)
Customer relationships		68,000	5 - 7
Developed technology		16,000		4
Trade name		2,000		5
Total intangible assets	$	86,000

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Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Common Share

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Numerator
Net loss	$	(70,593	)	$	(47,876	)
Denominator
Weighted-average common shares outstanding		33,310,794			27,609,403
Less:  Weighted-average shares subject to repurchase		(12,412	)		(14,492	)
Denominator for basic and diluted net loss per share    attributable to common stockholders		33,298,382			27,594,911
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(2.12	)	$	(1.73	)

Effect of Anti-dilutive Securities

The table below presents the weighted-average securities (in common equivalent shares) outstanding during the periods presented that have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Common stock options and restricted stock units		9,913,421		10,251,790
Warrants to purchase common stock		548,374		1,470,812
Common stock issuable in connection with convertible senior notes		5,475,369		—
Total		15,937,164		11,722,602

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Financial Instruments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents

As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were as follows:

			Gross				Cash and
			Unrealized		Fair		Cash
	Cost		Losses		Value		Equivalents
Cash	$	253,693	$	—	$	253,693	$	253,693
Level 1:
Money market funds		1,029		—		1,029		1,029
Total	$	254,722	$	—	$	254,722	$	254,722

As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were as follows:

			Gross				Cash and
			Unrealized		Fair		Cash
	Cost		Losses		Value		Equivalents
Cash	$	44,795	$	—	$	44,795	$	44,795
Level 1:
Money market funds		70,022		—		70,022		70,022
Total	$	114,817	$	—	$	114,817	$	114,817

Summary of Quantitative Information with Respect to Significant Unobservable Inputs

The following table summarizes quantitative information with respect to the significant unobservable inputs that were used to value the 2020 Stock Warrants:

	Compensation			Performance
	Warrant			Warrant
Volatility		88	%		85	%
Risk-free rate		0.23	%		0.34	%
Term	1.7 years				4

Schedule of Contingent Consideration Liabilities Current and Non-current Balances

As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s contingent consideration liabilities current and non-current balances were as follows:

			Changes in		Fair		Contingent
	Cost		Fair Value		Value		Consideration
Level 3:
Contingent consideration, current		18,017		1,971		19,988		19,988
Contingent consideration, non-current		8,383		16,354		24,737		24,737
Total	$	26,400	$	18,325	$	44,725	$	44,725

Contingent Consideration [Member]

Summary of Quantitative Information with Respect to Significant Unobservable Inputs

The following table summarizes quantitative information with respect to the significant unobservable inputs that were used to value the contingent consideration as of December 31, 2021:

	Contingent
	Consideration
Revenue volatility		15	%
Internal rate of return		45	%
Risk-free rate		1.9	%

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets Resulting from Business Acquisitions and Other Purchases

The following table sets forth the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets resulting from business acquisitions and other purchases, which continue to be amortized:

			December 31, 2021							December 31, 2020
	Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Software and technology		0.2	$	3,582	$	(3,515	)	$	67	$	3,582	$	(3,357	)	$	225
Licensed technology		0.0		500		(500	)		—		500		(375	)		125
Developed technology		3.3		25,600		(7,564	)		18,036		9,600		(4,480	)		5,120
Customer relationships		6.2		77,300		(9,157	)		68,143		9,300		(4,340	)		4,960
Noncompete agreements		0.6		800		(683	)		117		800		(486	)		314
Trade names		4.7		2,100		(216	)		1,884		—		—			—
Total		5.6	$	109,882	$	(21,635	)	$	88,247	$	23,782	$	(13,038	)	$	10,744

Summary of Future Amortization of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

The following table presents future amortization of the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets at December 31, 2021:

2022	$	18,549
2023		17,091
2024		14,571
2025		13,405
2026		9,988
Thereafter		14,643
Total	$	88,247

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Consolidated Financial Statements Details (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Summary of Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable consisted of the following:

	As of
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Accounts receivable — Managed Services(1)	$	21,347		$	14,916
Accounts receivable — Software Products & Services(2)		59,568			—
Accounts receivable — Other		4,926			1,868
		85,841			16,784
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts		(778	)		(118	)
Accounts receivable, net	$	85,063		$	16,666

⁽¹⁾ Accounts receivable – Managed Services reflects the amounts due from the Company’s advertising customers.

⁽²⁾ Accounts receivable – Software Products & Services reflects the amounts due from the Company’s PandoLogic customers.

Summary of Property Equipment and Improvements

Property, equipment and improvements consisted of the following:

	As of
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Property and equipment	$	4,262		$	2,365
Leasehold improvements		167			2,899
		4,429			5,264
Less: accumulated depreciation		(2,873	)		(2,910	)
Property, equipment and improvements, net	$	1,556		$	2,354

Summary of Accounts Payable

Accounts payable consisted of the following:

	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Accounts payable — Managed Services(1)	$	23,613	$	14,688
Accounts payable — Other		23,098		944
Total	$	46,711	$	15,632

⁽¹⁾ Accounts payable –Managed Services reflects the amounts due to media vendors for advertisements placed on behalf of the Company’s advertising clients.

Summary of Revenue

Revenue for the periods presented were comprised of the following:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Commercial Enterprise	$	111,274	$	54,557
Government & Regulated Industries		4,031		3,151
Total revenue	$	115,305	$	57,708

Summary of Presentation of Revenues

The tables below illustrate the presentation of our revenues based on the above definitions:

	Year Ended
	December 31, 2021
			Government &
	Commercial		Regulated
	Enterprise		Industries		Total
Total Software Products & Services(1)	$	55,484	$	4,031	$	59,515
Managed Services
Advertising		40,800		—		40,800
Content Licensing		14,990		—		14,990
Total Managed Services		55,790		—		55,790
Total Revenue	$	111,274	$	4,031	$	115,305

^{(1) Software Products & Services consists of aiWARE revenues of $21,200 as well as PandoLogic revenues of $38,315}

	Year Ended
	December 31, 2020
			Government &
	Commercial		Regulated
	Enterprise		Industries		Total
Total Software Products & Services	$	10,712	$	3,151	$	13,863
Managed Services
Advertising		31,550		—		31,550
Content Licensing		12,295		—		12,295
Total Managed Services		43,845		—		43,845
Total Revenue	$	54,557	$	3,151	$	57,708

Schedule of Other Expense, Net

Other expense, net for the periods presented was comprised of the following:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Interest (expense) income, net	$	(538	)	$	85
Change in fair value of warrant liability		—			(200	)
Other		(62	)		(12	)
Other expense, net	$	(600	)	$	(127	)

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Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Future Minimum Rentals Under Leases

As of December 31, 2021, future minimum lease payments were as follows:

2022		2,532
2023		2,091
2024		1,730
Total minimum payments	$	6,353

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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Equity [Abstract]

Summary of Warrants Outstanding

The table below summarizes the warrants outstanding at December 31, 2021:

				Number of
		Exercise		Shares of
Issuance Date	Life in Years	Price		Common Stock
Various dates in 2017	10	$	13.6088		145,945
April 2018	5	$	11.73		20,000
April 2020 Performance Warrant	3.7	$	3.01		330,667
					496,612

The table below summarizes the warrants outstanding at December 31, 2020:

				Number of
		Exercise		Shares of
Issuance Date	Life in Years	Price		Common Stock
Various dates in 2017	10	$	13.6088		313,440
April 2018	5	$	11.73		20,000
April 2020 Compensation Warrant	1.7	$	3.01		50,000
April 2020 Performance Warrant	3.7	$	3.01		396,000
					779,440

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Stock Plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Schedule of Stock-based Compensation Expense

The stock-based compensation expense by type of award and by operating expense grouping are presented below:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Stock-based compensation expense by type of award:
Restricted stock units	$	19,088	$	5,560
Restricted stock awards		19		181
Machine Box contingent common stock issuances		—		(37	)
Performance-based stock options		16,315		8,480
Stock options		3,720		4,767
Employee stock purchase plan		423		493
Common stock issued for services		500		95
Total	$	40,065	$	19,539
Stock-based compensation expense by operating expense grouping:
Cost of revenue	$	116		—
Sales and marketing		1,716		889
Research and development		3,217		1,046
General and administrative		35,016		17,604
	$	40,065	$	19,539

Schedule of Restricted Stock Award Activity

The Company’s restricted stock award activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted
				Average Grant
	Shares			Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2020		—		$	—
Granted		581		$	32.33
Vested		(581	)	$	32.33
Unvested at December 31, 2021		—

Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity

The Company’s restricted stock units activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted
				Average Grant
	Shares			Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2020		829,124		$	11.53
Granted		896,329		$	33.33
Forfeited		(34,618	)	$	39.00
Vested		(804,374	)	$	11.47
Unvested at December 31, 2021		886,461		$	32.56

Schedule of Stock Option Activity

The activity related to all other stock options for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted-Average
						Remaining	Aggregate
				Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Term	Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2020		5,400,070		$	12.60
Granted		848,955		$	28.18
Exercised		(515,807	)	$	9.58
Forfeited		(220,109	)	$	17.45
Expired		(4,501	)	$	7.48
Outstanding at December 31, 2021		5,508,608		$	15.10	6.23 years	$	45,262
Exercisable at December 31, 2021		4,207,518		$	13.71	5.62 years	$	36,982

Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]

Summary of Fair Value Assumptions of Stock Purchase Plan

The assumptions used in calculating the fair values of purchase rights granted under the ESPP during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are set forth in the table below:

	Year Ended			Year Ended
	December 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Expected term (in years)	0.5 - 2.0			0.5 - 2.0
Expected volatility	67% - 119%			65% - 130%
Risk-free interest rate		0.1	%	0.1% - 1.5%
Expected dividend yield		—			—

2018 Performance Base Stock Incentive Plan [Member]

Summary of Fair Value Assumptions of Performance Awards

The assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation model for computing the fair values of the Performance Options on the August 2020 modification date and immediately before the modification are set forth in the table below:

Amendment date stock price	$	8.83
Expected volatility		80	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.6	%
Expected dividend yield		—	%
Cost of equity		12	%

Timebased Stock Option [Member]

Schedule of Fair Value Assumptions

The assumptions used in calculating the fair values of time-based stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are set forth in the table below:

	Year Ended		Year Ended
	December 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Expected term (in years)	5.5 - 6.1		6.0 - 6.1
Expected volatility	80% - 83%		68% - 83%
Risk-free interest rate	0.6% - 1.4%		0.4% - 1.2%
Expected dividend yield		—		—

Performance-based Stock Options [Member]

Summary of Fair Value Assumptions of Stock Purchase Plan

The Company values Performance Options using a Monte Carlo simulation model. A fair value per share is determined for each of the three equal tranches of each Performance Option. No Performance Options were granted during the year ended December 31, 2021. The assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation model for computing the grant date fair values of the Performance Options granted during the year ended December 31, 2020 are set forth in the table below:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2020
Grant date stock price	$	11.10
Dividend yield		—	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.8	%
Estimated volatility		85	%

Schedule of Stock Option Activity

The activity related to Performance Options for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

				Weighted-Average
						Remaining	Aggregate
				Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Term	Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2020		4,234,020		$	10.55
Exercised		(373,041	)	$	5.77
Forfeited		(12,552	)	$	5.92
Expired		(13,986	)	$	5.41
Outstanding at December 31, 2021		3,834,441		$	11.05	6.51 years	$	438,278
Exercisable at December 31, 2021		3,834,441		$	11.05	6.51 years	$	438,278

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Provision for Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Loss Before Provision for Income Taxes

The components of the Company’s loss before the provision for income taxes consisted of the following:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
United States of America	$	(88,092	)	$	(47,831	)
Foreign		20,243			31
Total	$	(67,849	)	$	(47,800	)

Schedule of Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Current
Federal	$	249		$	—
State		99			70
Foreign		2,988			6
Total current provision		3,336			76
Deferred
Federal		(10,549	)		(11,573	)
State		(6,197	)		(4,532	)
Foreign		(520	)		—
Change in valuation allowance		16,674			16,105
Total deferred benefit		(592	)		—
Total provision for income taxes	$	2,744		$	76

Reconciliation of Statutory U.S. Federal Income Tax Rate to Company's Effective Tax Rate

A reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Tax, computed at the federal statutory rate		21.00	%		21.00	%
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit		9.37			9.36
Foreign rate differential		3.54			—
Global intangible low-taxed income		(6.84	)		—
Stock-based compensation		6.47			1.49
Earn-out revaluation		(7.08	)		—
Meals, entertainment and other		(5.92	)		1.68
Change in valuation allowance		(24.58	)		(33.69	)
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes		(4.04	)%		(0.16	)%

Components of Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities

The significant components of the Company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021			2020
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	55,385		$	44,711
Stock-based compensation		21,003			15,866
Accrued expenses		1,146			2,352
Research credits		4,632			3,193
Other		669			518
Total gross deferred tax assets		82,835			66,640
Valuation allowance		(81,784	)		(65,110	)
Total deferred tax assets		1,051			1,530
Other - fixed assets and intangibles		(589	)		(1,530	)
Acquired intangibles		(11,367	)		—
Total deferred tax liabilities		(11,956	)		(1,530	)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	(10,905	)	$	—

Summary of Valuation Allowance

The change in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Valuation allowance, at beginning of year	$	65,110	$	49,005
Increase in valuation allowance		16,674		16,105
Valuation allowance, at end of year	$	81,784	$	65,110

Schedule of Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 is as follows:

	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2021		2020
Unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1	$	720	$	—
Gross increase for tax positions of prior years		—		470
Gross increase for tax positions of current year		391		250
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31	$	1,111	$	720

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Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details)	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) Segment Customer	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) Customer	Jan. 01, 2022 USD ($)
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Positive (negative) cash flows from operations		$ 7,234,000	$ 1,433,000
Net loss		70,593,000	47,876,000
Accumulated deficit	$ 280,365,000	350,958,000	280,365,000
Debt issuance costs		6,304,000
Proceeds from issuances of stock under employee stock plans, net		7,905,000	1,060,000
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants		2,279,000	2,100,000
Net proceeds from sales of common stock from the period			59,771,000
Net proceeds from sales of common stock	59,771,000		66,278,000
Cash and cash equivalents	114,817,000	254,722,000	114,817,000
Impairment of property, equipment and improvements		0	0
Impairment of goodwill		0	0
Impairment of long-lived assets		0	0
Transaction price remaining performance obligations		$ 8,186,000
Transaction price remaining performance obligations percentage		56.00%
Advertising and marketing costs		$ 2,681,000	1,214,000
Capitalized software development costs	$ 72,000	$ 413,000	$ 72,000
Number of reportable segment | Segment		1
ASU 2016-02 [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Accounting standards update, adoption date				Jan. 01, 2022
Operating lease liabilities				$ 4,500,000
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]				Other non-current liabilities
Operating lease right-of-use assets				$ 1,100,000
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]				Other assets
Significant Customer [Member] | Sales Revenue, Net [Member] | Customer Concentration Risk [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of major customers | Customer		1	0
Concentration risk percentage		10.00%	10.00%
Advertising [Member] | Significant Customer [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer Concentration Risk [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of major customers | Customer		2	2
Concentration risk percentage		10.00%	10.00%
Minimum [Member] | June 2018 [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Weighted volatility of common stock		25.00%
Weighted volatility of peer company		50.00%
Maximum [Member] | June 2018 [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Weighted volatility of common stock		50.00%
Weighted volatility of peer company		75.00%
Developed Technology [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets		4 years
Developed Technology [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets			5 years
Customer Relationships [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets		5 years
Customer Relationships [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets			7 years
Noncompete Agreements [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets		3 years
Noncompete Agreements [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets			4 years
Trademarks and Trade Names [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets		2 years
Trademarks and Trade Names [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets			5 years
Property and Equipment [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Useful lives of property, equipment and improvements		3 years
Leasehold Improvements [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Useful lives of property, equipment and improvements		5 years
Useful lives of property, equipment and improvements		5 years or the remaining lease term, whichever is shorter
Convertible Senior Notes [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Net proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes		$ 194,946,000
Net proceeds to purchase capped call transactions		$ 18,616,000
Equity Distribution Agreement [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Net proceeds from sales of common stock			$ 5,986,000

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Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details 1)	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date: 2020-01-01
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Expected Recognition of revenue over remaining contract terms	12 months

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Business Combinations - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)			1 Months Ended	4 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 14, 2021	Jul. 31, 2021	Aug. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Tax rate					(4.04%)	(0.16%)
Deferred tax assets, valuation allowance				$ 81,784,000	$ 81,784,000	$ 65,110,000	$ 49,005,000
Revenue					115,305,000	57,708,000
Net loss					(70,593,000)	$ (47,876,000)
Israeli [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Tax rate		23.00%	12.00%
Pandologic Ltd [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total consideration	$ 122,451,000
Equity consideration at closing	31,500,000
Net working capital adjustment	5,818,000
Contingent earnout	30,000,000
Deferred tax liabilities	11,828,000			0	0
Deferred tax assets				0	0
Deferred tax liability	11,828,000			0	0
Goodwill not deductible for tax purposes				25,141,000	25,141,000
Deferred tax assets, valuation allowance				0	0
Revenue				38,315,000
Net loss				$ 18,317,000
Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Israeli [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Tax rate		23.00%	12.00%
Pandologic Ltd [Member] | General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Contingent earnout	3,600,000
Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Recognized In Compensation Expense Within General And Administrative Expense [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquisition related expenses					$ 2,161,000
Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets					7 years
Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets					4 years
Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Contingent Consideration
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Contingent earnout	$ 26,400,000
Merger Agreement [Member] | Pandologic Ltd [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business acquisition, effective date of acquisition	Sep. 14, 2021
Business acquisition, percentage of ownership interests acquired	100.00%
Business acquisition, name of acquired entity	PandoLogic Ltd
Business acquisition, date of acquisition agreement	Jul. 21, 2021
Total consideration	$ 122,451,000
Merger consideration upfront payment in cash	58,733,000
Merger Agreement [Member] | Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Merger, earnout consideration payable	65,000,000
Merger Agreement [Member] | Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Common Stock [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Equity consideration at closing	$ 31,500,000
Merger consideration equity interest issued number of shares	1,704,822

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Business Combinations - Summary of Fair Value of Purchase Price Consideration (Details) - Pandologic Ltd [Member] $ in Thousands	Sep. 14, 2021 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash consideration at closing	$ 58,733
Equity consideration at closing	31,500
Contingent earnout	30,000
Net working capital adjustment	5,818
Total	122,451
Contingent Consideration [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Contingent earnout	$ 26,400

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Business Combinations - Summary of Allocation of Purchase Consideration (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 14, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 34,058,000		$ 6,904,000
Pandologic Ltd [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash		$ 11,581,000
Accounts receivable		21,344,000
Prepaid and other current assets		8,710,000
Property and equipment		618,000
Intangible assets		86,000,000
Other assets		1,653,000
Total assets acquired		129,906,000
Accounts payable		13,183,000
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		9,443,000
Deferred tax liability	$ 0	11,828,000
Total liabilities assumed		34,454,000
Identifiable net assets acquired		95,452,000
Goodwill		26,999,000
Total purchase consideration		$ 122,451,000

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Business Combinations - Summary of Valuation of Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 14, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Pandologic Ltd [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total intangible assets	$ 86,000
Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets		4 years
Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets		7 years
Customer Relationships [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets		5 years
Customer Relationships [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets			7 years
Customer Relationships [Member] | Pandologic Ltd [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total intangible assets	$ 68,000
Customer Relationships [Member] | Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets	5 years
Customer Relationships [Member] | Pandologic Ltd [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortization periods of Intangible assets	7 years
Developed Technology [Member] | Pandologic Ltd [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total intangible assets	$ 16,000
Amortization periods of Intangible assets	4 years
Trade Name [Member] | Pandologic Ltd [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total intangible assets	$ 2,000
Amortization periods of Intangible assets	5 years

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Business Combinations - Summary of Unaudited Proforma Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Net revenue	$ 148,129	$ 105,094
Loss before provision for income taxes	(69,474)	(33,965)
Net loss	$ (73,145)	$ (32,191)

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Debt - Additional Information (Detail)	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021 USD ($) Day $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / Derivative	Nov. 16, 2021 $ / shares
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance costs		$ 6,304,000
Payment for capped call transactions		$ 18,600,000
Initial cap price | $ / Derivative		48.55
Premium over last reported sale price, percentage		75.00%
Sale price of common stock | $ / shares			$ 27.74
Strike price | $ / Derivative		35.76
1.75% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2026 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount	$ 201,300,000
Debt instrument, interest rate	1.75%	1.75%
Additional principal amount	$ 26,250,000
Debt instrument, frequency of periodic payment		semi-annually
Debt instrument, payment terms		will be payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on May 15, 2022.
Debt Instrument, maturity date, description		The Convertible Notes will mature on November 15, 2026, unless earlier converted, redeemed, or repurchased in accordance with the terms of the Convertible Notes
Debt Instrument, maturity date		Nov. 15, 2026
Number of trading days (whether or not consecutive) | Day	20
Number of consecutive trading days | Day	30
Percentage of conversion price	130.00%
Debt instrument convertible business period	5 days
Debt instrument convertible measurement period	5 days
Debt instrument convertible principal amount	$ 1,000,000
Debt instrument convertible measurement period percentage	98.00%
Debt instrument, convertible, Date	May 15, 2026
Initial conversion rate	0.0272068
Initial conversion price | $ / shares	$ 36.76
Redemption date	Nov. 20, 2024
Percentage of conversion stock price, Redemption	130.00%
Debt instrument, Redeemable, Number of trading days | Day	20
Debt instrument, Redeemable, Number of consecutive trading days | Day	30
Redemption price, Percentage of principal amount to be redeemed	100.00%
Sinking fund	$ 0
Debt instrument repurchase price due to fundamental change	100.00%
Net proceeds from issuance of notes		$ 194,900,000
Debt issuance costs		6,300,000
Interest expense		500,000
Amortization of issuance costs		$ 500,000
Effective annual interest rate		2.42%
Convertible debt, if-converted value in excess of principal		$ 0
Total principal at issuance of notes		$ 201,300,000

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Net Loss Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Common Share (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Numerator
Net loss	$ (70,593)	$ (47,876)
Denominator
Weighted-average common shares outstanding	33,310,794	27,609,403
Less: Weighted-average shares subject to repurchase	(12,412)	(14,492)
Denominator for basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders	33,298,382	27,594,911
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$ (2.12)	$ (1.73)

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Net Loss Per Share - Effect of Anti-dilutive Securities (Detail) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Effect of Anti-dilutive Securities	15,937,164	11,722,602
Employee Stock Option and Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Effect of Anti-dilutive Securities	9,913,421	10,251,790
Warrant [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Effect of Anti-dilutive Securities	548,374	1,470,812
Common Stock Issuable in Connection with Convertible Senior Notes [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Effect of Anti-dilutive Securities	5,475,369

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Financial Instruments - Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 254,722	$ 114,817
Total Cash and Debt Securities	254,722	114,817
Total Fair Value, Cash and Debt Securities	254,722	114,817
Cash [Member]
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	253,693	44,795
Fair Value, Cash	253,693	44,795
Level 1 [Member] | Money Market Funds [Member]
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	1,029	70,022
Cash and cash equivalents gross before unrealized losses	1,029	70,022
Fair Value, Cash	$ 1,029	$ 70,022

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Financial Instruments - Summary of Quantitative Information to Significant Unobservable Inputs (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenue Volatility [Member]
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent Consideration	0.15
Internal Rate of Return [Member]
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent Consideration	0.45
Risk-free Rate [Member]
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent Consideration	0.019

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Financial Instruments - Schedule of Contingent Consideration Liabilities Current and Non-current Balances (Details) - Level 3 [Member] $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Contingent Consideration Liabilities [Line Items]
Cost	$ 26,400
Changes in Fair Value	18,325
Fair Value	44,725
Contingent Consideration	44,725
Contingent Consideration, Current [Member]
Contingent Consideration Liabilities [Line Items]
Cost	18,017
Changes in Fair Value	1,971
Fair Value	19,988
Contingent Consideration	19,988
Contingent Consideration, Noncurrent [Member]
Contingent Consideration Liabilities [Line Items]
Cost	8,383
Changes in Fair Value	16,354
Fair Value	24,737
Contingent Consideration	$ 24,737

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Financial Instruments - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2020	Apr. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]
Fair value of warrants				$ 200
Compensation Warrant [Member]
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase common stock	50,000
Warrant exercise price	$ 3.01
Fair value of warrants				59
Warrant exercisable date	Dec. 31, 2021
Performance Warrant [Member]
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase common stock	400,000
Warrant exercise price	$ 3.01
Fair value of warrants				$ 43
Warrant exercisable	133,333
Warrant exercisable date	Dec. 31, 2023
Performance Warrant [Member] | First Installment [Member]
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]
Warrant exercisable	133,333
April 2018 Warrant [Member]
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase common stock		20,000
Warrant exercise price		$ 11.73	$ 11.73	$ 11.73
Warrants maturity period		5 years	5 years	5 years
Fair value of warrants		$ 207

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Financial Instruments - Summary of Quantitative Information with Respect to Significant Unobservable Inputs (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2021
Volatility [Member] | Compensation Warrant [Member]
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	88
Volatility [Member] | Performance Warrant [Member]
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	85
Risk-free Rate [Member] | Compensation Warrant [Member]
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.23
Risk-free Rate [Member] | Performance Warrant [Member]
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.34
Term [Member] | Compensation Warrant [Member]
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants term	1 year 8 months 12 days
Term [Member] | Performance Warrant [Member]
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants term	4 years

XML

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Carrying amount of goodwill	$ 34,058	$ 6,904

XML

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Summary of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets Resulting from Business Acquisitions and Other Purchases (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	5 years 7 months 6 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 109,882	$ 23,782
Accumulated Amortization	(21,635)	(13,038)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 88,247	10,744
Software and Technology [Member]
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	2 months 12 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 3,582	3,582
Accumulated Amortization	(3,515)	(3,357)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 67	225
Licensed Technology [Member]
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	0 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 500	500
Accumulated Amortization	$ (500)	(375)
Net Carrying Amount		125
Developed Technology [Member]
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	3 years 3 months 18 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 25,600	9,600
Accumulated Amortization	(7,564)	(4,480)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 18,036	5,120
Customer Relationships [Member]
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	6 years 2 months 12 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 77,300	9,300
Accumulated Amortization	(9,157)	(4,340)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 68,143	4,960
Noncompete Agreements [Member]
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	7 months 6 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 800	800
Accumulated Amortization	(683)	(486)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 117	$ 314
Trade Name [Member]
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	4 years 8 months 12 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 2,100
Accumulated Amortization	(216)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 1,884

XML

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Summary of Future Amortization of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Finite Lived Intangible Assets Future Amortization Expense [Abstract]
2022	$ 18,549
2023	17,091
2024	14,571
2025	13,405
2026	9,988
Thereafter	14,643
Net Carrying Amount	$ 88,247	$ 10,744

XML

Consolidated Financial Statements Details - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 254,722	$ 114,817
Depreciation Expense	538	1,025
Write-off/disposal of property and equipment and leasehold improvements	3,852	34
Loss on disposal	1,894	10
Advertising Customers and Content Licensees [Member]
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Cash received	$ 66,401	$ 40,052

XML

Consolidated Financial Statements Details - Summary of Accounts Receivable,Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounts receivable — Managed Services	$ 85,841	$ 16,784
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts	(778)	(118)
Accounts receivable, net	85,063	16,666
Managed Services [Member]
Accounts receivable — Managed Services	21,347	14,916
Software Products & Services [Member]
Accounts receivable — Managed Services	59,568
Other [Member]
Accounts receivable — Managed Services	$ 4,926	$ 1,868

XML

Consolidated Financial Statements Details - Summary of Property Equipment and Improvements (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract]
Property and equipment	$ 4,262	$ 2,365
Leasehold improvements	167	2,899
Property, equipment and improvements, gross	4,429	5,264
Less: accumulated depreciation	(2,873)	(2,910)
Property, equipment and improvements, net	$ 1,556	$ 2,354

XML

Consolidated Financial Statements Details - Accounts Payable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Statement Of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts payable — Managed Services	$ 23,613	$ 14,688
Accounts payable — Other	23,098	944
Total	$ 46,711	$ 15,632

XML

Consolidated Financial Statements Details - Summary of Revenue (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Segment Reporting Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 115,305	$ 57,708
Commercial Enterprise [Member]
Segment Reporting Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total revenue	111,274	54,557
Government and Regulated Industries [Member]
Segment Reporting Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 4,031	$ 3,151

XML

Consolidated Financial Statements Details - Summary of Presentation of Revenues (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	$ 115,305	$ 57,708
Commercial Enterprise [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	111,274	54,557
Government and Regulated Industries [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	4,031	3,151
Software Products & Services [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	59,515	13,863
Software Products & Services [Member] | Commercial Enterprise [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	55,484	10,712
Software Products & Services [Member] | Government and Regulated Industries [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	4,031	3,151
Advertising [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	40,800	31,550
Advertising [Member] | Commercial Enterprise [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	40,800	31,550
Content Licensing [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	14,990	12,295
Content Licensing [Member] | Commercial Enterprise [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	14,990	12,295
Total Managed Services [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	55,790	43,845
Total Managed Services [Member] | Commercial Enterprise [Member]
Revenue Presentation
Revenue	$ 55,790	$ 43,845

XML

Consolidated Financial Statements Details - Summary of Presentation of Revenues (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	4 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Revenue		$ 115,305	$ 57,708
Pandologic Ltd [Member]
Revenue	$ 38,315
Software Products or Services Consists of aiWARE [Member]
Revenue		21,200
Software Products & Services [Member]
Revenue		59,515	$ 13,863
Software Products & Services [Member] | Pandologic Ltd [Member]
Revenue		$ 38,315

XML

Consolidated Financial Statements Details - Schedule of Other Expense, Net (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Other Income And Expenses [Abstract]
Interest (expense) income, net	$ (538)	$ 85
Change in fair value of warrant liability		(200)
Other	(62)	(12)
Other expense, net	$ (600)	$ (127)

XML

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 08, 2021 USD ($) ft²	Feb. 28, 2021 ft²	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Loss on disposal of property and equipment and leasehold improvements			$ (1,894)
Loss on sublease			1,211
Minimum sublease rental income to be received in the future under noncancelable subleases			3,402
Rent expense			4,668	$ 2,987
Liability for potential exposure			516	$ 1,036
Office Sublease [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Area of Office Space Subleased | ft²		37,875
Lease Expiration Date		Dec. 31, 2024
Sublease charges			3,367
Loss on disposal of property and equipment and leasehold improvements			(1,894)
Loss on sublease			1,211
Initial direct costs			$ 262
Lease
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Area of Office Space Subleased | ft²	13,437
Lease Expiration Date	Dec. 31, 2023
Sublessor base rent	$ 27

XML

Commitments and Contingencies - Summary of Future Minimum Rentals Under Leases (Detail) - Building Lease Agreement [Member] $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
2022	$ 2,532
2023	2,091
2024	1,730
Total minimum payments	$ 6,353

XML

Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares issued	3,450,000
Share price	$ 18.50			$ 18.50
Net proceeds from stock issuance	$ 59,771			$ 66,278
Stock issuance costs	4,054
Exercise of warrants			$ 2,279	$ 2,100
Issued warrants to purchase				450,000
Warrants to purchase shares of common stock exercised				967,711
JMP Securities [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Net proceeds from stock issuance				$ 5,986	$ 24,373
Maximum aggregate sales price of shares to be issued under sale agreement.	$ 50,000			$ 50,000
Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares issued				4,941,317
Exercise of warrants			$ 2,279	$ 2,100
Exercise of warrants issued, shares for cash consideration			252,218	154,311
Aggregate exercise of warrants issued, shares			23,050	442,126
Issued warrants to purchase shares upon exercises			26,000	813,400
Shares issued to outside service provider, shares			15,828	12,100
Common Stock [Member] | Machine Box, Inc. [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Percentage of consideration payable for issuance of shares						80.00%
Business acquisition, shares issued or issuable		394,604		105,898	315,687
Business acquisition, shares issued or issuable, value					$ 2,389
Common Stock [Member] | Machine Box, Inc. [Member] | Escrow Deposit
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Business acquisition, indemnification and other obligations, shares issued or issuable				78,917
Common Stock [Member] | Wazee Digital Inc [Member] | Escrow Deposit
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Business acquisition, indemnification and other obligations, shares issued or issuable				9,552
Common Stock [Member] | General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense			$ 369	$ 95
Common Stock [Member] | JMP Securities [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares issued				1,491,317	5,205,430
Stock issuance costs				$ 291	$ 756
Common Stock and Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares issued in connection with stock option exercise			1,176,984	482,417

XML

Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Warrants Outstanding (Detail) - $ / shares	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Class Of Warrant Or Right [Line Items]
Number of Shares of Common Stock		496,612	779,440
Various Dates in 2017 Warrant [Member]
Class Of Warrant Or Right [Line Items]
Issuance Date		Various dates in 2017
Life in Years		10 years
Exercise Price		$ 13.6088
Number of Shares of Common Stock		145,945
April 2018 Warrant [Member]
Class Of Warrant Or Right [Line Items]
Issuance Date		April 2018	April 2018
Life in Years	5 years	5 years	5 years
Exercise Price	$ 11.73	$ 11.73	$ 11.73
Number of Shares of Common Stock		20,000	20,000
April 2020 Performance Warrant [Member]
Class Of Warrant Or Right [Line Items]
Issuance Date		April 2020 Performance Warrant	April 2020 Performance Warrant
Life in Years		3 years 8 months 12 days	3 years 8 months 12 days
Exercise Price		$ 3.01	$ 3.01
Number of Shares of Common Stock		330,667	396,000
Various Dates in 2016 Warrant [Member]
Class Of Warrant Or Right [Line Items]
Issuance Date			Various dates in 2017
Life in Years			10 years
Exercise Price			$ 13.6088
Number of Shares of Common Stock			313,440
April 2020 Compensation Warrant [Member]
Class Of Warrant Or Right [Line Items]
Issuance Date			April 2020 Compensation Warrant
Life in Years			1 year 8 months 12 days
Exercise Price			$ 3.01
Number of Shares of Common Stock			50,000

XML

Stock Plans - Additional Information (Detail)	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2020 USD ($) Customer	Apr. 30, 2017 shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Oct. 31, 2020 shares
Performance-based Stock Options [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Total grant date fair value of stock options granted | $			$ 0
Weighted average grant date fair value per share | $ / shares				$ 7.36
Unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options | $			16,268,000
Aggregate intrinsic value of the options exercised | $			$ 8,288,000
Timebased Stock Option [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Vesting period			4 years
Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares authorized for issuance			896,329
Restricted stock granted			896,329
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Granted | $ / shares			$ 33.33
2018 Performance Base Stock Incentive Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of employees | Customer	215
Incremental compensation cost | $	$ 3,011,000
Performance Options [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares authorized for issuance			0
Restricted stock granted			0
Restricted Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares authorized for issuance			581
Restricted stock granted			581
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Granted | $ / shares			$ 32.33
Maximum [Member] | Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Vesting period			2 years
Minimum [Member] | Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Vesting period			1 year
2017 Stock Incentive Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock reserved for future issuance		2,000,000	97,797
Annual shares increase for future issuance by percentage under employee stock purchase plans		3.00%
2017 Stock Incentive Plan [Member] | Performance-based Stock Options [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Vesting period			30 days
2017 Stock Incentive Plan [Member] | Timebased Stock Option [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Vesting period			3 years
2017 Stock Incentive Plan [Member] | Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Vesting period			1 year
2017 Stock Incentive Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Increase in common stock reserved for future issuance		750,000
2018 Performance Base Stock Incentive Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock reserved for future issuance			8,798
Number of shares authorized for issuance			4,200,000
2018 Performance Base Stock Incentive Plan [Member] | Performance-based Stock Options [Member] | Chad Steelberg [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock granted			1,809,900
2018 Performance Base Stock Incentive Plan [Member] | Performance-based Stock Options [Member] | Ryan Steelberg [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock granted			1,357,425
Inducement Grant Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock reserved for future issuance			157,505		750,000
Inducement Grant Plan [Member] | Performance-based Stock Options [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Vesting period			30 days
2018 Stock Incentive Plan [Member] | Performance-based Stock Options [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Vesting period			30 days
Stock Plan [Member] | Restricted Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares authorized for issuance			581	6,903
Unrecognized cost of share-based compensation awards | $			$ 0
Restricted stock granted			581	6,903
Fair value of restricted stock vested | $			$ 19,000	$ 238,000
2014 Plan Stock Options/Stock Issuance Plan, 2017 Stock Incentive Plan and Inducement Grant Plan [Member] | Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Unrecognized cost of share-based compensation awards | $			14,324,000
Fair value of restricted stock vested | $			$ 18,886,000	$ 2,519,000
Cost of share-based compensation awards, recognition period			2 years 7 months 6 days
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Granted | $ / shares			$ 33.33	$ 10.94
2014 Plan Stock Options/Stock Issuance Plan, 2017 Stock Incentive Plan and Inducement Grant Plan [Member] | Stock Options [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Cost of share-based compensation awards, recognition period			3 years 3 months 18 days
Weighted average grant date fair value per share | $ / shares			$ 18.64	$ 4.69
Total grant date fair value of stock options vested | $			$ 2,665,000	$ 5,205,000
Unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options | $			14,831,000
Aggregate intrinsic value of the options exercised | $			$ 10,145,000	2,238,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock reserved for future issuance		1,000,000
Annual shares increase for future issuance by percentage under employee stock purchase plans		1.00%
Number of shares authorized for issuance		200,000
ESPP offering description			Under the ESPP, each offering period is generally 24 months with four, six-month purchase intervals, and new offering periods generally commence every six months, as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.
Maximum number of shares per employee in each purchase		1,000
Employee payroll deductions accrued | $			$ 282,000	$ 135,000
Common stock were purchased under ESPP			135,636	126,550
Weighted average purchase price | $ / shares			$ 6.77	$ 1.90
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Increase in common stock reserved for future issuance		250,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Percentage of purchase price of common stock fair value		85.00%

XML

Stock Plans - Schedule of Fair Value Assumptions of Performance Options (Detail) - 2018 Performance Base Stock Incentive Plan [Member]	1 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2020 $ / shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Amendment date stock price	$ 8.83
Expected volatility	80.00%
Risk-free interest rate	0.60%
Cost of equity	12.00%

XML

Stock Plans - Schedule of Fair Value Assumptions (Detail) - Timebased Stock Option [Member]	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility, minimum	80.00%	68.00%
Expected volatility, maximum	83.00%	83.00%
Risk-free interest rate, minimum	0.60%	0.40%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum	1.40%	1.20%
Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	5 years 6 months	6 years
Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	6 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 6 days

XML

Stock Plans - Summary of Fair Value Assumptions of Stock Purchase Plan (Detail) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Performance-based Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate		0.80%
Grant date stock price		$ 11.10
Expected volatility		85.00%
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility, minimum	67.00%	65.00%
Expected volatility, maximum	119.00%	130.00%
Risk-free interest rate	0.10%
Risk-free interest rate, minimum		0.10%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum		1.50%
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	6 months	6 months
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	2 years	2 years

XML

Stock Plans - Schedule of Stock-based Compensation Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 40,065	$ 19,539
Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	19,088	5,560
Restricted Stock Awards [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	19	181
Machine Box Contingent Common Stock Issuances [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense		(37)
Performance-based Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	16,315	8,480
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	3,720	4,767
Common Stock Issued for Services [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	500	95
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	423	493
Sales and Marketing [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	1,716	889
Cost of Revenue [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	116
Research and Development [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	3,217	1,046
General and Administrative [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 35,016	$ 17,604

XML

Stock Plans - Schedule of Restricted Stock Award Activity (Detail) - Restricted Stock Awards [Member]	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares authorized for issuance | shares	581
Shares, Vested | shares	(581)
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Granted | $ / shares	$ 32.33
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested | $ / shares	$ 32.33

XML

Stock Plans - Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Detail) - Restricted Stock Units [Member]	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares, Unvested, Beginning Balance | shares	829,124
Shares, Granted | shares	896,329
Shares, Forfeited | shares	(34,618)
Shares, Vested | shares	(804,374)
Shares, Unvested, Ending Balance | shares	886,461
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Unvested, Beginning Balance | $ / shares	$ 11.53
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Granted | $ / shares	33.33
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Forfeited | $ / shares	39.00
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested | $ / shares	11.47
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Unvested, Ending Balance | $ / shares	$ 32.56

XML

Stock Plans - Schedule of Performance Options Activity (Detail) - Performance-based Stock Options [Member] $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options, Outstanding, Beginning Balance | shares	4,234,020
Options Exercised | shares	(373,041)
Options Forfeited | shares	(12,552)
Options Expired | shares	(13,986)
Options, Outstanding, Ending Balance | shares	3,834,441
Options, Exercisable at December 31, 2020 | shares	3,834,441
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning Balance | $ / shares	$ 10.55
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Options Exercised | $ / shares	5.77
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Options Forfeited | $ / shares	5.92
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Options Expired | $ / shares	5.41
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending Balance | $ / shares	11.05
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable | $ / shares	$ 11.05
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding	6 years 6 months 3 days
Weighted-Average Remaining Exercisable	6 years 6 months 3 days
Weighted-Average Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $	$ 438,278
Weighted-Average Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable | $	$ 438,278

XML

Stock Plans - Schedule of Stock Option Activity (Detail) - Stock Options [Member] $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options, Outstanding, Beginning Balance | shares	5,400,070
Options Granted | shares	848,955
Options Exercised | shares	(515,807)
Options Forfeited | shares	(220,109)
Options Expired | shares	(4,501)
Options, Outstanding, Ending Balance | shares	5,508,608
Options, Exercisable at December 31, 2020 | shares	4,207,518
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning Balance | $ / shares	$ 12.60
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Options Granted | $ / shares	28.18
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Options Exercised | $ / shares	9.58
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Options Forfeited | $ / shares	17.45
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Options Expired | $ / shares	7.48
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending Balance | $ / shares	15.10
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable | $ / shares	$ 13.71
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding	6 years 2 months 23 days
Weighted-Average Remaining Exercisable	5 years 7 months 13 days
Weighted-Average Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $	$ 45,262
Weighted-Average Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable | $	$ 36,982

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Provision for Income Taxes - Schedule of Loss Before Provision for Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Taxes Disclosure [Line Items]
Loss before provision for income taxes	$ (67,849)	$ (47,800)
United States of America [Member]
Income Taxes Disclosure [Line Items]
Loss before provision for income taxes	(88,092)	(47,831)
Foreign [Member]
Income Taxes Disclosure [Line Items]
Loss before provision for income taxes	$ 20,243	$ 31

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Provision for Income Taxes - Schedule of Provision for Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Current
Federal	$ 249
State	99	$ 70
Foreign	2,988	6
Total current provision	3,336	76
Deferred
Federal	(10,549)	(11,573)
State	(6,197)	(4,532)
Foreign	(520)
Change in valuation allowance	16,674	16,105
Total deferred benefit	(592)
Total provision for income taxes	$ 2,744	$ 76

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Provision for Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Statutory U.S. Federal Income Tax Rate to Company's Effective Tax Rate (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Effective Income Tax Rate Continuing Operations Tax Rate Reconciliation [Abstract]
Tax, computed at the federal statutory rate	21.00%	21.00%
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit	9.37%	9.36%
Foreign rate differential	3.54%
Global intangible low-taxed income	(6.84%)
Stock-based compensation	6.47%	1.49%
Earn-out revaluation	(7.08%)
Meals, entertainment and other	(5.92%)	1.68%
Change in valuation allowance	(24.58%)	(33.69%)
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes	(4.04%)	(0.16%)

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Provision for Income Taxes - Components of Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Components Of Deferred Tax Assets And Liabilities [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforwards	$ 55,385	$ 44,711
Stock-based compensation	21,003	15,866
Accrued expenses	1,146	2,352
Research credits	4,632	3,193
Other	669	518
Total gross deferred tax assets	82,835	66,640
Valuation allowance	(81,784)	(65,110)	$ (49,005)
Total deferred tax assets	1,051	1,530
Other - fixed assets and intangibles	(589)	(1,530)
Acquired intangibles	(11,367)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(11,956)	$ (1,530)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$ (10,905)

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Provision for Income Taxes - Summary of Valuation Allowance (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Valuation Allowance [Abstract]
Valuation allowance, at beginning of year	$ 65,110	$ 49,005
Change in valuation allowance	16,674	16,105
Valuation allowance, at end of year	$ 81,784	$ 65,110

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Provision for Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2021	Aug. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Taxes Disclosure [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards, limitations on use			Net federal operating loss carryforwards generated after January 1, 2018 may be carried forward indefinitely, subject to the 80% taxable income limitation on the utilization of the carryforwards.
Research and development credit carry forward			$ 4,632	$ 3,193
Tax rate			(4.04%)	(0.16%)
Decrease in income tax provision			$ 2,257
Unrecognized tax benefits netted against its deferred tax assets within other assets			1,111	$ 720
Unrecognized tax benefits if recognized			1,015
Israeli [Member]
Income Taxes Disclosure [Line Items]
Tax rate	23.00%	12.00%
Federal [Member]
Income Taxes Disclosure [Line Items]
Operating loss carry forward			$ 217,754
Operating loss carry forwards expiration year			2034
Research and development credit carry forward			$ 3,636
Research and development credit expiration year			2036
State [Member]
Income Taxes Disclosure [Line Items]
Operating loss carry forward			$ 135,075
Operating loss carry forwards expiration year			2022
Research and development credit carry forward			$ 2,545

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Provision for Income Taxes - Schedule of Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Reconciliation Of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Excluding Amounts Pertaining To Examined Tax Returns Roll Forward
Unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1	$ 720
Gross increase for tax positions of prior years		$ 470
Gross increase for tax positions of current year	391	250
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31	$ 1,111	$ 720

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Related Party Transactions - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Due to related party transactions	$ 0	$ 0

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Subsequent Events - Additional Information (Detail) - Influencer Management Industry [Member] - Subsequent Event [Member] $ in Millions	Mar. 01, 2022 USD ($)
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Total consideration	$ 1.5
Business combination stock and deferred cash payments	2.0
Merger, earnout consideration payable	$ 7.5