Nature of Operations, Management’s Plans and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Nature of Operations, Management’s Plans and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

1. Nature of Operations, Management’s Plans and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Company Description and Nature of Operations

We are a global gaming technology company, supplying content, platform and other products and services to online and land-based regulated lottery, betting and gaming operators worldwide through a broad range of distribution channels, predominantly on a business-to-business basis. We provide end-to-end digital gaming solutions (i) on our own proprietary and secure network, which accommodates a wide range of devices, including land-based gaming machine terminals, mobile devices and online computer applications and (ii) through third party networks. Our content and other products can be found through the consumer-facing portals of our interactive customers and, through our land-based customers, in licensed betting offices, adult gaming centers, pubs, bingo halls, airports, motorway service areas and leisure parks.

The Company was incorporated in Delaware on May 30, 2014 under the name Hydra Industries Acquisition Corp. (“Hydra”) as a “blank check company” for the purpose of acquiring, through a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization, recapitalization or other similar business transaction, one or more operating businesses. On December 23, 2016 (the “Closing Date”), the Company acquired Inspired Gaming Group (“Inspired”), pursuant to a share sale agreement dated as of July 13, 2016 (the “Sale Agreement”). The transaction was accounted for as a reverse merger where Inspired was the acquirer and Hydra was the acquired company. In connection with the acquisition, we changed our name from Hydra to Inspired Entertainment, Inc. We refer to the acquisition and the other transactions contemplated by the Sale Agreement, collectively, as the “Business Combination” or the “Merger.”

On October 1, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of the Gaming Technology Group of Novomatic UK Ltd., a division of Novomatic Group, an international supplier of gaming equipment and solutions.

Management Liquidity Plans

As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s cash on hand was $47.1 million, and the Company had working capital of $27.1 million. The Company recorded net losses of $29.2 million and $37.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Net losses include excess depreciation and amortization over capital expenditure of $22.4 million and $14.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and non-cash stock-based compensation of $4.8 million and $9.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Historically, the Company has generally had positive cash flows from operating activities and has relied on a combination of cash flows provided by operations and the incurrence of debt and/or the refinancing of existing debt to fund its obligations. Cash flows provided by operations amounted to $52.9 million and $30.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Working capital of $27.1 million includes a non-cash settled item of $11.5 million of deferred income. Management currently believes that, absent any long-term coronavirus (“COVID-19”) impact (see below), the Company’s cash balances on hand, cash flows expected to be generated from operations, ability to control and defer capital projects and amounts available from the Company’s external borrowings will be sufficient to fund the Company’s net cash requirements through March 2022.

Our business is being and will continue to be adversely affected by the continuing nature of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Due to the speed and fluidity with which the situation continues to develop, we are not able at this time to estimate the extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial results and operations in future periods. The “second wave” has seen various governments re-impose restrictions on our operations, including complete or partial closures of retail venues and the long-term impacts of the pandemic on the global economy, trade relations, consumer behavior, our industry and our business operations. As of the date of this report, the majority of retail venues in the UK, Italy, and Greece are closed.

As a result of the significant reductions in revenue and other changes to our business, at least in the short term (which also affects other companies in our industry), we are working to protect our existing available liquidity by pro-actively managing capital expenditures and working capital as well as identifying both immediate and longer term opportunities for cost savings.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

Recharacterization of Previously Reported Information

In prior years, and up to and including the interim period nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company operated its business along three operating segments: Server Based Gaming, Virtual Sports (which included Interactive) and Acquired Businesses. During the period subsequent to September 30, 2020, the Company has completed the process of changing its internal structure, which has been ongoing since the NTG Acquisition, and as a result has changed the composition of its operating segments. The Company now operates its business along four operating segments, which are segregated based on the basis of revenue stream: Gaming, Virtual Sports, Interactive and Leisure. The Company believes this method of segment reporting reflects both the way its business segments are now managed and the way the performance of each segment is now evaluated.

As part of the recharacterization exercise, certain items of Revenue, Cost of Sales and Selling and Administrative Expenses have been recharacterized to ensure consistency with similar items across the Group. The revenue recharacterizations are to ensure spares and similar items are reflected with other items of hardware (Product Sales). The resulting impact on previously reported information for the year ended December 31, 2019 is as follows: Service Revenue, previously reported $134.9 million, now $134.5 million; Product Sales Revenue, previously reported $18.5 million, now $18.9 million; Cost of Service, previously reported $23.5 million, now $25.4 million; Cost of Product Sales, previously reported $12.6 million, now $12.9 million; Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (excluding Stock-based compensation), previously reported $72.6 million, now $70.4 million. The recharacterization has no impact on the previously reported Net Operating Loss, Net Loss or Net Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Principles of Consolidation

All monetary values set forth in these consolidated financial statements are in US Dollars (“USD”) unless otherwise stated herein. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Foreign Currency Translation

For most of our operations, the British pound (“GBP”) is our functional currency. Our reporting currency is the USD. We also have operations where the local currency is the functional currency, including our operations in mainland Europe and North America. Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated at period-end rates of exchange, equity is translated at historical rates of exchange and results of operations are translated at the average rates of exchange for the period. Gains or losses resulting from translating the foreign currency financial statements are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ deficit. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses, Interest income (expense) and Other finance (costs) income in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates these estimates, including those related to the revenue recognition for contracts involving software and non-software elements, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserve for net realizable value, currency swaps, valuation of hedging activities, goodwill and intangible assets, useful lives of long-lived assets, stock-based compensation, valuation allowances on deferred taxes, earnout liability, pension liability, commitments and contingencies and litigation, among others. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. We regularly evaluate these significant factors and make adjustments when facts and circumstances dictate. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Cash

We deposit cash with financial institutions that management believes are of high credit quality. Substantially all of the Company’s cash is held outside of the U.S. The cash balance of $47.1 million at December 31, 2020 includes amounts of $6.7 million of ring-fenced cash in respect of interest payable under our Senior Facilities Agreement (see Note 13), and $0.5 million of ring-fenced cash relating to a letter of credit held by the Company. The interest payable is a rolling quarterly amount, whilst the letter of credit cash is expected to be released on April 30, 2021.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is our best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in our existing accounts receivable. Changes in circumstances relating to the collectability of accounts receivable may result in the need to increase or decrease our allowance for doubtful accounts in the future. We determine the allowance based on historical experience, current market trends, and our customers’ financial condition. We continually review our allowance for doubtful accounts. Past due balances and other higher risk amounts are reviewed individually for collectability. Account balances are charged against the allowance after all collection efforts have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.

Under certain contracts, the timing of our invoices does not coincide with revenue recognized under the contract. We have unbilled accounts receivable which represent revenue recorded in excess of amounts invoiced under the contract and generally become billable at contractually specified dates. These amounts consist primarily of revenue from our share of net winnings earned on a daily basis where the billing period does not fall on the last day of the period. We had $8.2 million and $15.3 million of unbilled accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

Our standard credit terms are net 30 to 60 days. From time to time, we allow for certain digital customers to pay on an enhanced revenue share basis for the software license whereby the customer pays an incremental revenue share percentage over a specific period of time. We consider these types of arrangements to be extended payment terms as the full consideration for the arrangement may not be received until several years after the date of the sale depending on the net winnings from the game or application.

Inventories

Inventories consist primarily of component parts and related parts used in gaming terminals. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the weighted average cost method. We determine the lower of cost or net realizable value of our inventory based on estimates of potentially excess and obsolete inventories after considering historical and forecasted demand and average selling prices. Demand for gaming terminals and parts inventory is also subject to technological obsolescence. Cost includes all direct costs and an appropriate proportion of fixed and variable overheads.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost, and when placed into service, depreciated and amortized to their residual values using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets as follows:

Leasehold property	Shorter of the useful life or the life of the lease
Server based gaming terminals	2 – 7 years
Motor Vehicles	3 – 5 years
Plant and machinery and fixtures and fittings	3 – 10 years
Computer equipment	3 – 5 years

Our policy is to periodically review the estimated useful lives of our fixed assets. We also assess the recoverability of long-lived assets (or asset groups) whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such an asset (or asset groups) may not be recoverable.

Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed and the related accumulated depreciation are written off and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to income.

Software Development Costs

We classify software development costs as either internal use software or external use software. We account for costs incurred to develop internal use software in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) ASC 350-40, Internal Use Software. Consequently, any costs incurred during preliminary project stages are expensed; direct costs incurred during the application development stages are capitalized; and costs incurred during the post-implementation/operation stages are expensed. Once the software is placed in operation, we amortize the capitalized internal use software cost over its estimated economic useful life, which range from two to five years.

We purchase, license and incur costs to develop external use software to be used in the products we sell or provide to customers. Such costs are capitalized under ASC 985-20, Costs of Software to Be Sold Leased or Marketed. Costs incurred in creating software are expensed when incurred as Selling, General and Administrative Expenses until technological feasibility has been established, after which costs are capitalized up to the date the software is available for general release to customers. We capitalize the payments made for software that we purchase or license for use in our products that has previously met the technological feasibility criteria prior to our purchase or license. Annual amortization of capitalized external use software development costs is recorded over the estimated economic life, which is two to five years.

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development related primarily to software product development costs is expensed until technological feasibility has been established. Research and development costs amounting to $3.9 million and $3.8 million were expensed during the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Employee related costs associated with related product development are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets

Our principal acquired intangible assets relate to goodwill, trademarks and customer relationships. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired in a business combination, and increased in the prior year due to the NTG acquisition (see Note 2). Trademarks and customer relationships were originally recorded at their fair values in connection with business combinations.

Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but instead are tested for impairment at least annually. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over three to ten years to their estimated residual values and reviewed for impairment. Factors considered when assigning useful lives include legal, regulatory and contractual provisions, product obsolescence, demand, competition and other economic factors.

Impairment of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

We test for goodwill impairment at least annually on the last day of our fiscal period, and whenever other facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. For goodwill impairment evaluations, we first make a qualitative assessment to determine if goodwill is likely to be impaired. If it is more-likely-than-not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying value, we then compare the fair value of the reporting unit to its respective carrying amount. Goodwill is carried, and therefore tested, at the reporting unit level. We have four segments, Gaming, Virtual Sports, Interactive and Leisure, as detailed in Note 26. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the amount of the impairment loss, if any, will be measured by comparing the implied fair value of goodwill to its carrying amount and would be charged to operations as an impairment loss. A mixture of qualitative and quantitative tests were carried out as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and no impairment was required at any of these dates.

We assess the recoverability of long-lived assets and intangible assets with finite useful lives whenever events arise or circumstances change that indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets (or asset groups) to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset (or asset group) to the expected net future undiscounted cash flows to be generated by that asset (or asset group) or, for identifiable intangibles with finite useful lives, by determining whether the amortization of the intangible asset balance over its remaining life can be recovered through expected net future undiscounted cash flows. The amount of impairment of other long-lived assets and intangible assets with finite lives is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair market value of the asset.

Equity Method Investment

For investments in entities over which the Company exercises significant influence, but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation, the Company uses the equity method of accounting. On October 1, 2019, the Company acquired a 40% noncontrolling interest in Innov8 Gaming Limited in connection with the Acquisition (see Note 2), and in April 2020 this interest was disposed of. The value of the Company’s equity method investment was $0.7 million as of December 31, 2019, and was impaired to $Nil in March 2020 prior to disposal. The Company’s share of earnings from its equity method investee, including the impairment, is presented in Loss from equity method investee in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

The Company evaluates its equity method investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such investment may not be recoverable. The difference between the carrying value of the equity method investment and its estimated fair value is recognized as an impairment charge when the loss in value is deemed other-than-temporary.

Deferred Revenue and Deferred Cost of Sales, excluding depreciation and amortization

Deferred revenue arises from the timing differences between the shipment or installation of gaming terminals and systems products and the satisfaction of all revenue recognition criteria consistent with our revenue recognition policy, as well as prepayment of contracts which are recognized ratably over a service period, such as maintenance or licensing fees. Deferred cost of sales, excluding depreciation and amortization, recorded as prepaid expenses and other assets, consists of the direct costs associated with the manufacture of gaming equipment and systems products for which revenue has been deferred. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months following the balance sheet date are classified as deferred revenue in current liabilities. Amounts not expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months following the balance sheet date are classified as deferred revenue, net of current portion.

Debt Issuance Costs

Debt issuance costs incurred in connection with the Company’s debt are capitalized and amortized as interest expense over the term of the related debt. The Company presents debt issuance costs as a reduction from the carrying amount of debt. Only costs that are wholly attributable to obtaining the related debt finance are treated as debt issuance costs. Any other costs are expenses to the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss as part of Acquisition and integration related transaction expenses.

Value Added Tax

The Company is subject to Value Added Tax (“VAT”) in some locations. The amount of VAT liability is determined by applying the applicable tax rate to the invoiced amount of goods and services sold less VAT paid on purchases made with the relevant supporting invoices. VAT is collected from customers by the Company on behalf of the tax authorities and is therefore not charged to the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

Common Stock Purchase Warrants and Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company reviews any common stock purchase warrants and other freestanding derivative financial instruments at each balance sheet date and classifies them on the consolidated balance sheet as:

a)	Equity if they (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement, or (ii) gives the Company a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in its own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement), or
b)	Assets or liabilities if they (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if an event occurs and if that event is outside the Company’s control), or (ii) give the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement).

The Company assesses classification of its common stock purchase warrants and other freestanding derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities is required. The Company determined that its outstanding common stock purchase warrants satisfied the criteria for classification as equity instruments at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

From time to time we enter into foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate the risk associated with cash payments required to be made in non-functional currencies or to mitigate the risk associated with cash to be received in non-functional currencies.

Accounting Policy for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), provides the disclosure requirements for derivatives and hedging activities with the intent to provide users of financial statements with an enhanced understanding of: (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how the entity accounts for derivative instruments and related hedged items, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Further, qualitative disclosures are required that explain the Company’s objectives and strategies for using derivatives, as well as quantitative disclosures about the fair value of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative instruments.

As required by ASC 815, the Company records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Company has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. Derivatives may also be designated as hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk in a fair value hedge or the earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transactions in a cash flow hedge. The Company may enter into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of its risk, even though hedge accounting does not apply or the Company elects not to apply hedge accounting.

In accordance with the FASB’s fair value measurement guidance in ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurements,” the Company made an accounting policy election to measure the credit risk of its derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio.

Revenue Recognition

The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”) as of January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method. This method allows the Company to apply ASC 606 to new contracts entered into after January 1, 2019, and to its existing contracts for which revenue earned through December 31, 2018 has been recognized under the guidance in effect prior to the effective date of ASC 606. The revenue recognition processes the Company applied prior to adoption of ASC 606 align with the recognition and measurement guidance of the new standard, therefore adoption of ASC 606 did not require a cumulative adjustment to opening equity.

Under ASC 606, a performance obligation is a promise within a contract to transfer a distinct good or service, or a series of distinct goods and services, to a customer. Revenue is recognized when performance obligations are satisfied and the customer obtains control of promised goods or services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for goods or services. Under the standard, a contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps:

1.	identify the contracts with a customer;
2.	identify the performance obligations within the contract, including whether they are distinct and capable of being distinct in the context of the contract;

3. determine the transaction price;

4.	allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
5.	recognize revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies each performance obligation.

Step 1 – Identify the contract

The Company identifies contracts with its customers when all parties have approved the contract and are committed to perform their respective obligations, when each party’s rights and the payment terms regarding the goods or services to be transferred can be identified. The contract must also have commercial substance, and it must be probable that the Company will collect the consideration to which it will be entitled.

Contracts entered into at or near the same time with the same customer or related parties of the customer are accounted for as one contract if any of the following criteria are met:

a.	Contracts were negotiated as a single commercial package (including whether a contract would be loss-making without taking into account the consideration received under another contract)
b.	Consideration in one contract depends on the other contract
c.	Goods or services (or some of the goods or services) are a single performance obligation.

Step 2 – Identify performance obligations

Performance obligations are identified by considering whether a good or service is distinct. The Company considers a good or service to be distinct only when the customer can benefit from it either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available, and when the promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.

The Company applies the series guidance to its performance obligations where the following criteria apply:

a.	Each distinct good or service in the series meets the criteria to be a performance obligation satisfied over time.
b.	The same method would be used to measure progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation to transfer each distinct good or service in the series to the customer.

Step 3 – Determine the transaction price

The Company considers all amounts to which it has rights in exchange for the goods or services transferred in determining the transaction price. This includes fixed and variable consideration. Typically, consideration is stated in the contract with the customer.

The Company assesses usage-based fees to determine whether they qualify as variable consideration. It also considers the impact of any liquidated damages clauses or service level agreements.

Where the Company’s performance obligations are determined to be a series, variable consideration is not estimated upfront in accordance with the exception allowed by ASC 606.

Where non-refundable upfront fees are included in the Company’s contracts with customer, the Company considers whether or not they represent payment for a transferred good or service. Where they represent payment for future goods or services, the Company further considers whether they represent a material right.

Step 4 – Allocate the transaction price

The Company allocates a transaction price to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling prices of the goods or services being provided. Where a contract includes multiple performance obligations, the Company determines the standalone selling price at contract inception of the distinct good or service underlying each performance obligation in the contract and allocates the transaction price in proportion to those standalone selling prices. Where possible, the Company uses the price charged for the good or service to other customers in similar circumstances as evidence of standalone selling price. Where this is not possible, the standalone selling price is estimated by experienced management using the best available judgement.

With respect to performance obligations that are considered to be a series, where appropriate and where the required criteria are met, variable consideration is allocated entirely to a distinct good or service that is part of a series.

Step 5 – Recognize revenue

The Company recognizes revenue over time for performance obligations that meet one of the following criteria:

a.	The customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company’s performance as the Company performs.
b.	The Company’s performance creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced.
c.	The Company’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Company, and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date

Revenue for the Company’s remaining performance obligations that do not meet one of the above criteria is recognized at the point at which the customer obtains control of the good or service.

Gaming

Revenue from Gaming terminals, access to our content and platform, including electronic table gaming products is recognized in accordance with the criteria set forth in ASC 606 and is usually based upon a contracted percentage of the operator’s net winnings from the terminals’ daily use. Where this is not the case, including in the case of maintenance only contracts on self-serve betting terminals, revenue is based upon a fixed daily or weekly usage fee. We recognize revenue from these arrangements in accordance with the series guidance over time on a daily basis over the term of the arrangement, or when not specified over the expected customer relationship period. Performance obligations under these arrangements may include the delivery and installation of our terminals for use over a term, as well as service obligations related to terminal repairs and server based content and maintenance. Consideration with respect to these performance obligations typically takes the form of usage based fees, billed at the end of a set period (usually monthly) and due typically 30 days from the date of the invoice.

Terminal sales take the form of a transfer of ownership of our developed gaming terminals, and are recognized as Product Sales at a point in time upon delivery as they are considered to meet the required criteria to be considered distinct. Payment for terminal sales is typically due a set number of days after delivery.

Gaming arrangements typically include service level agreements, consisting of a specified amount of ‘uptime’ with financial penalties for breaches in excess of specified levels.

Virtual Sports Revenue

Revenue from licensing of our gaming software is recognized in accordance with the criteria set forth in ASC 606. Virtual sports retail revenue, which includes the provision of virtual sports content and services to retail betting outlets, and virtual sports online revenue, which includes the provision of virtual sports content and services to mobile operators, is usually based upon a contracted percentage of the operator’s net winnings or, occasionally, a fixed rental fee. We recognize revenue for these fees over time on a daily or weekly basis over the term of the arrangement, or, where appropriate when the contracted percentages vary prospectively with total operator’s net winnings generated, we estimate the amount of variable consideration to which we will be entitled, up to and including the date at which the contracted percentages reset, and recognize this estimated consideration over time. Consideration with respect to these performance obligations typically takes the form of usage based fees, billed at the end of a set period (usually monthly) and due typically 30 days from the date of the invoice.

These arrangements also may include a perpetual license billed up front, granted to the customer for access to our gaming platform and content. As these up front bills represent payment for future services, revenue from the licensing of perpetual licenses is recognized ratably over time, or when not specified, over the expected customer relationship period. Upfront fees are normally billed upon signing of the relevant agreement, and become due and payable at set times thereafter.

Revenue from the development of bespoke games licensed on a perpetual basis to mobile and online operators is recognized at a point in time on delivery and acceptance by the customer. We have no ongoing service obligations subsequent to customer acceptance of our bespoke games, and they meet the criteria to be considered as distinct. Payment for bespoke games is typically due a set number of days after delivery.

Virtual Sports arrangements typically include service level agreements, consisting of a specified amount of ‘uptime’ with financial penalties for breaches in excess of specified levels.

Interactive Revenue

Interactive revenue, which includes slot and table game offerings from our Gaming segment, as well as interactive-only content, via our remote gaming servers, is based upon a contracted percentage of the operator’s net winnings or a fixed rental fee. We recognize revenue for these fees over time on a daily or weekly basis over the term of the arrangement, or, where appropriate when the contracted percentages vary prospectively with total operator’s net winnings generated, we estimate the amount of variable consideration to which we will be entitled, up to and including the date at which the contracted percentages reset, and recognize this estimated consideration over time. Consideration with respect to these performance obligations typically takes the form of usage based fees, billed at the end of a set period (usually monthly) and due typically 30 days from the date of the invoice.

Leisure Revenue

The Leisure segment earns revenue from providing gaming machine terminals and amusement machine terminals to pubs, holiday resorts and amusement arcades, both standalone and within motorway service stations. Revenue from these activities is based upon a contracted percentage of the operator’s net winnings from the terminals’ daily use, or a fixed daily or weekly rental fee.

We jointly operate arcades within holiday resorts with the resort owners. Revenue is based on a contractually agreed share of takings. We also wholly operate a number of gaming arcades within certain motorway service stations.

We recognize revenue from these arrangements, in accordance with the series guidance as set forth in ASC 606, over time over the term of the arrangement, or when not specified over the expected customer relationship period. All revenue is recognized in the period that the machine cash collections occur, with adjustments to account for the movement of income uncollected in the specific period.

Performance obligations under these arrangements may include the delivery and installation of our terminals for use over a term, as well as service obligations related to terminal repairs and content and maintenance. Consideration with respect to these performance obligations typically takes the form of usage based fees, billed at the end of a set period (usually monthly) and due typically 30 days from the date of the invoice.

We also provide terminal and spares management services to third parties. Revenue in respect to these services takes the form of fixed fee, either per machine or per time period, and is recognized at the point in time when control transfers to the customer, which is normally upon delivery and acceptance by the customer, or at the point that services are rendered. This revenue is recognized as Service Revenue when included as part of a larger performance obligation, and as Product Sales when it is offered as a separate distinct performance obligation. Revenue is invoiced in arrears and settled within 30 days

Disaggregation of revenue

Information on disaggregation of revenue is included in Note 26, “Segment Reporting and Geographic Information.”

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and handling costs for products sales and terminals related to subscription services are included in cost of sales, excluding depreciation and amortization for all periods presented.

Share-Based Payment Arrangements

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”). ASC 718 requires generally that all equity awards be accounted for at their “fair value.” This fair value is measured on the grant date for stock-settled awards, and at subsequent exercise or settlement for cash-settled awards. Fair value is equal to the underlying value of the stock for “full-value” awards such as restricted stock and restricted stock units that have time vesting conditions, and stock options and performance shares that have market conditions are valued using an option-pricing model with traditional inputs for “appreciation” awards.

Costs equal to these fair values are recognized ratably over the requisite service period based on the number of awards that are expected to vest, or in the period of grant for awards that vest immediately and have no future service condition. For awards that vest over time, previously recognized compensation cost is reversed if the service or performance conditions are not satisfied and the award is forfeited.

Subsequent modifications to outstanding awards result in incremental cost if the fair value is increased as a result of the modification.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Our provision for income taxes is principally based on current period income (loss), changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities and changes in estimates with regard to uncertain tax positions. We estimate current tax expense and assess temporary differences resulting from differing treatments of items for tax and accounting purposes using enacted tax rates in effect for each taxing jurisdiction in which we operate for the period in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Our total deferred tax assets are principally comprised of depreciation and net operating loss carry forwards.

Significant management judgment is required to assess the likelihood that deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income. In assessing the realizability of these deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Management makes this assessment on a jurisdiction by jurisdiction basis considering the historical trend of taxable losses, projected future taxable income and the reversal of deferred tax liabilities.

We evaluate income tax uncertainties, assess the probability of the ultimate settlement with the applicable taxing authority and records an amount based on that assessment. Interest and penalties, if any, associated with uncertain tax positions are included in income tax expense.

Comprehensive Loss

We include and separately classify in comprehensive loss unrealized gains and losses and hedges from our foreign currency translation adjustments, gains or losses associated with pension or other post-retirement benefits, prior service costs or credits associated with pension or other post-retirement benefits and transition assets or obligations associated with pension or other post-retirement benefits.

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), followed in July 2018 by ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842 Leases, and ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements. Under the new transition method, an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. As a result of this adoption and the required disclosures, the Company revised its accounting policy for leases as stated below in the prior year. The guidance is effective for all public business entities and certain not-for-profit entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and for all other entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. As the Company was an emerging growth company until December 31, 2019 and elected to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, it adopted the standard as of January 1, 2019 on December 31, 2019.

We elected to adopt the package of practical expedients to not reassess prior conclusions related to contracts containing leases, lease classification and initial direct costs, along with the practical expedient to use hindsight when determining the lease term.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the arrangement. Once it is determined that an arrangement is, or contains, a lease, that determination should only be reassessed if the legal arrangement is modified. Changes to assumptions such as market-based factors do not trigger a reassessment. Determining whether a contract contains a lease requires judgement. In general, arrangements are considered to be a lease when all of the following apply:

● it conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration;

● we have substantially all economic benefits from the use of the asset; and

● we can direct the use of the identified asset.

The terms of a lease arrangement determine how a lease is classified and the resulting income statement recognition. When the terms of a lease effectively transfer control of the underlying asset, the lease represents an in substance financed purchase (sale) of an asset and the lease is classified as a finance lease by the lessee and a sales-type lease by the lessor. When a lease does not effectively transfer control of the underlying asset to the lessee, but the lessor obtains a guarantee for the value of the asset from a third party, the lessor would classify a lease as a direct financing lease. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

Where a lease contains more than one component, the consideration in the contract is allocated on a relative standalone price basis to the separate lease components and the non-lease components.

Leases – the Company as lessee

As of December 31, 2019, our impact resulting from first-time recognition of operating leases was as follows:

● we recognized right-of-use (ROU) assets of $9.4 million and lease liabilities of $8.8 million;

● the short-term portion of the lease liabilities amounted to $3.6 million and

● the long-term portion of the lease liabilities amounted to $5.2 million.

Lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As our operating leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at January 1, 2019 or commencement date, if later, in determining the present value of future payments. Finance leases are included using the rate implicit in the lease. The lease ROU asset includes any lease payment made and initial direct costs incurred. Our operating lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease which are included in the measurement of the ROU assets and lease liabilities when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option.

The lease expense for minimum operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Finance lease assets are amortized straight-line over their useful life where the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset, or to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the asset and the end of the lease term where ownership is not transferred. Interest on finance leases is recognized as the amount that results in a constant periodic discount rate on the remaining balance of the liability.

We have operating lease agreements with lease and non-lease components. The Company did not make the election to treat the lease and non-lease components as a single component and considers the non-lease components as a separate unit of account.

The Company has elected not to apply the recognition requirements of ASC 842 to short-term operating leases. We recognize the lease payments for short-term leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term and variable lease payments in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred

Leases – the Company as lessor

The Company’s lease arrangements are a mixture of sales-type leases and operating leases.

Sales-type lease receivables are recognized based on the net investment in the lease, at the present value of future minimum lease payments receivable over the lease term, plus any guaranteed residual value of the underlying asset, at the commencement date.

The discount rate used in determining the present value of the future minimum lease payments is the rate implicit in the lease. This is calculated using the fair value of the underlying asset and the present value of any unguaranteed residual value.

The underlying asset is derecognized at the point of inception and a selling profit is recognized at lease commencement. Subsequent interest income is recognized over the term of the lease, at an amount that produces a constant periodic discount rate on the remaining balance of the net investment in the lease.

For operating leases, we continue to recognize the underlying asset. Lease income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”). In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses” (“ASU 2018-19”) and in November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-11, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses” (“ASU 2019-11”). ASU 2016-13 affects loans, debt securities, trade receivables, and any other financial assets that have the contractual right to receive cash. ASU 2016-13 requires an entity to recognize expected credit losses rather than incurred losses for financial assets. The guidance will be effective beginning on January 1, 2023, including interim periods within that year and requires a modified retrospective transition approach through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. Under the modified retrospective method of adoption, prior year reported results are not restated. We are still evaluating the effect of this guidance, however, the adoption of ASU 2016-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement presentation or disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” (“ASU 2019-12”). ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740, “Income Taxes”. It also improves consistent application and simplifies other areas by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The guidance will be effective beginning on January 1, 2021, including interim periods within that year. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement presentation or disclosures.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting” (“ASU 2020-04”). ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments apply only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The expedients and exceptions provided by the amendments do not apply to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated after December 31, 2022. The amendments are elective and are effective upon issuance for all entities. The Company has made certain elections in accordance with ASU 2020-04 and as a result there is no material impact on the Company’s financial statement presentations or disclosures.