Revenue - Disaggregation of Net Sales by Market Geography for Each Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Apr. 29, 2022	Apr. 30, 2021	Apr. 24, 2020
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 31,686	$ 30,117	$ 28,913
U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	16,135	15,526	14,919
Non-U.S. Developed Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	10,126	9,815	9,287
Emerging Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	5,426	4,777	4,707
Cardiovascular
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	11,423	10,772	10,468
Cardiovascular | U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	5,545	5,248	5,062
Cardiovascular | Non-U.S. Developed Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	3,866	3,752	3,519
Cardiovascular | Emerging Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	2,012	1,773	1,887
Medical Surgical
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	9,141	8,737	8,352
Medical Surgical | U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	3,862	3,650	3,532
Medical Surgical | Non-U.S. Developed Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	3,373	3,320	3,169
Medical Surgical | Emerging Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	1,905	1,766	1,651
Neuroscience
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	8,784	8,195	7,725
Neuroscience | U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	5,753	5,456	5,122
Neuroscience | Non-U.S. Developed Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	1,801	1,724	1,659
Neuroscience | Emerging Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	1,229	1,015	945
Diabetes
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	2,338	2,413	2,368
Diabetes | U.S.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	974	1,171	1,204
Diabetes | Non-U.S. Developed Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	1,085	1,019	940
Diabetes | Emerging Markets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 279	$ 222	$ 224