Note 10 - Preferred Stock and Common Stock Warrants

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Notes to Financial Statements

Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]

Preferred Stock

In August 2018, the Company sold an aggregate of 50,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock), at $1,000 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $50 million and issued an additional 1,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock in aggregate as origination fees to (i) York Capital Management Global Advisors, LLC, severally on behalf of certain funds or accounts managed by it or its affiliates (“York”), (ii) Valinor Management, L.P., severally on behalf of certain funds or accounts for which it is investment manager (“Valinor”), (iii) Bardin Hill Investment Partners LP (formerly known as Halcyon Capital Management LP), severally on behalf of certain funds or accounts managed by it or its affiliates (“Bardin Hill,” and together with York and Valinor, the “Fund Purchasers”) and (iv) HGC NEXT INV LLC (“HGC” and, together with the Fund Purchasers, the “Series A Preferred Stock Purchasers”). Warrants were issued together with the shares of Series A Preferred Stock (the “Series A Warrants”). 

In connection with the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock and pursuant to backstop commitment agreements with the Fund Purchasers dated April 11, 2018, as subsequently amended on August 3, 2018 (as amended, the “Backstop Agreements”), the Company also issued a total of 413,658 shares of Company common stock as fees to the Fund Purchasers.  Each Fund Purchaser is a Company stockholder and, pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 17, 2017, by and among the Company, each Fund Purchaser and/or one or more of its affiliates, and the other parties named therein, three individuals, two individuals, and one individual from York, Valinor, and Bardin Hill, respectively, were appointed to the Company’s board of directors. 

In September 2018, the Company sold an aggregate of 29,055 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series B Preferred Stock” and, together with the Series A Preferred Stock, the “Convertible Preferred Stock”), at $1,000 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $29.055 million and the Company issued an additional 581 shares of Series B Preferred Stock in aggregate as origination fees to certain funds managed by BlackRock, Inc. (“BlackRock”).

  In May 2019, the Company sold an aggregate of 20,945 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, at $1,000 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $20.945 million and we issued an additional 418 shares of Series B Preferred Stock in aggregate as origination fees to York Tactical Energy Fund, L.P. and York Tactical Energy Fund PIV-AN, L.P. (the “York Tactical Funds” and, together with BlackRock, Bardin Hill, Valinor and HGC, the “Series B Preferred Stock Purchasers”), (ii) Bardin Hill, (iii) Valinor and (iv) HGC. Warrants were issued together with the shares of Series B Preferred Stock (the “Series B Warrants” and, together with the Series A Warrants, the “Common Stock Warrants”).

The Company has the option to convert all, but not less than all, of the Convertible Preferred Stock into shares of Company common stock at a strike price of $7.34 per share of Company common stock (the “Conversion Price”) on any date on which the volume weighted average trading price of shares of Company common stock for each trading day during any 60 of the prior 90 trading days is equal to or greater than 175% of the Conversion Price, in each case subject to certain terms and conditions. Furthermore, the Company must convert all of the Convertible Preferred Stock into shares of Company common stock at the Conversion Price on the earlier of (i) ten (10) business days following a FID Event (as defined in the certificates of designations of the Convertible Preferred Stock) and (ii) the date that is the tenth (10th) anniversary of the closings of the issuances of the Convertible Preferred Stock, as applicable.

The shares of Convertible Preferred Stock bear dividends at a rate of 12% per annum, which are cumulative and accrue daily from the date of issuance on the $1,000 stated value. Such dividends are payable quarterly and may be paid in cash or in-kind. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 the Company paid-in-kind $14.3 million and $11.2 million of dividends, respectively, to holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock. On January 12, 2021, the Company declared dividends to holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock as of the close of business on December 15, 2020. On January 15, 2021, the Company paid-in-kind $3.9 million of dividends to holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock.

The holders of Convertible Preferred Stock vote on an “as-converted” basis with the holders of the Company common stock on all matters brought before the holders of Company common stock. In addition, the holders of Convertible Preferred Stock have separate class voting rights with respect to certain matters affecting their rights.

The Convertible Preferred Stock do not qualify as liability instruments under ASC 480, because they are not mandatorily redeemable. However, as SEC Regulation S-X, Rule 5-02-27 does not permit a probability assessment for a change of control provision, the Convertible Preferred Stock must be presented as mezzanine equity between liabilities and stockholders’ equity in our Consolidated Balance Sheets because a change of control event, could force the Company to redeem the Convertible Preferred Stock for cash or assets of the Company. At each balance sheet date, we must re-evaluate whether the Convertible Preferred Stock continue to qualify for equity classification.

Common Stock Warrants

The Series A Warrants issued to the Series A Preferred Stock Purchasers represent the right to acquire in the aggregate a number of shares of common stock equal to approximately 71 basis points (0.71%) of all outstanding shares of Company common stock, measured on a fully-diluted basis, on the exercise date with a strike price of $0.01 per share. The Series B Warrants issued to the Series B Preferred Stock Purchasers represent the right to acquire in the aggregate a number of shares of common stock equal to approximately 71 basis points (0.71%) of all outstanding shares of Company common stock, measured on a fully diluted basis on the exercise date with a strike price of $0.01 per share.

The Common Stock Warrants have a fixed three-year term that commenced on the closings of the issuances of the associated Convertible Preferred Stock. The Common Stock Warrants may only be exercised by holders of the Common Stock Warrants at the expiration of such three-year term, except that the Company can force the exercise of the Common Stock Warrants prior to expiration of such term if the volume weighted average trading price of shares of Common Stock for each trading day during any 60 of the prior 90 trading days is equal to or greater than 175% of the of the applicable Convertible Preferred Stock conversion price and, with respect to the Series B Warrants, the Company simultaneously elects to force a mandatory exercise of all other warrants then outstanding and un-exercised and held by any holder of parity stock. Pursuant to ASC 815-40, the fair value of the Common Stock Warrants was recorded as a non-current liability on our Consolidated Balance Sheet on the issuance dates. The Company revalues the Common Stock Warrants at each balance sheet date and recognized a gain of $7.9 million and a loss of $2.7 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Common Stock Warrant liabilities are included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the fair value of the Common Stock Warrants as of  December 31, 2020 are as follows:

	December 31,			December 31,
	2020			2019
Stock price	$	2.09		$	6.14
Exercise price	$	0.01		$	0.01
Risk-free rate		0.1	%		1.6	%
Volatility		58.6	%		27.6	%
Term (years)		0.8			1.8

Initial Fair Value Allocation

Net proceeds in 2019 were allocated on a fair value basis to the Series B Warrants and on a relative fair value basis to the Series B Preferred Stock.  The allocation of net cash proceeds from the sale of Series B Preferred Stock in 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

			Year Ended December 31, 2019
					Series B
			Series B		Convertible
			Warrants		Preferred
Gross proceeds	$	20,945
Equity issuance costs		—
Net proceeds - Initial Fair Value Allocation	$	20,945	$	1,936	$	19,009
Per balance sheet upon issuance			$	1,936	$	19,009

Beneficial Conversion Feature

ASC 470-20-20 – Debt – Debt with conversion and Other Options (“ASC 470-20”) defines a BCF as a nondetachable conversion feature that is in the money at the issuance date. The Company was required by ASC 470-20 to allocate a portion of the proceeds from the Series A Preferred Stock equal to the intrinsic value of the BCF to additional paid-in capital. The intrinsic value of the BCF is calculated at the issuance date as the difference between the “accounting conversion price” and the market price of shares of Company common stock multiplied by the number of shares of Company common stock into which the Series A Preferred Stock is convertible. The accounting conversion prices of $5.58 per share and $6.24 per share for the Fund Purchasers and HGC, respectively, is different than the initial conversion price of $7.50 per share. The “accounting conversion price” is derived by dividing the proceeds allocated to the Series A Preferred Stock by the number of shares of Company common stock into which the Series A Preferred Stock is convertible. We are recording the accretion of the $2.5 million Series A Preferred Stock discount attributable to the BCF as a deemed dividend using the effective yield method over the period prior to the expected conversion date.