Exhibit 99.3

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Financial Statements

As at December 31, 2023 and 2022 and for the three years ended December 31, 2023

Kenon Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Financial Statements

as at December 31, 2023 and 2022 and for the three years ended December 31, 2023

Contents

	Page
Directors’ Statement	F-1 – F-2
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms	F-3 – F-6
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position	F-7 – F-8
Consolidated Statements of Profit & Loss	F-9
Consolidated Statements of Other Comprehensive Income	F-10
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity	F-11 – F-13
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	F-14 – F-15
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements	F-16 – F-82
Statement of Financial Position of the Company	F-83
Notes to Financial Position of the Company	F-84 – F-88

Directors’ statement

We are pleased to submit this annual report to the members of the Company together with the audited financial statements for the financial year ended December 31, 2023.

In our opinion:

(a)    the financial statements set out on pages F-7 to F-91 are drawn up so as to give a true and fair view of the financial position of the Group and of the Company as at December 31, 2023 and the financial performance, changes in equity and cash flows of the Group for the year ended on that date in accordance with the provisions of the Singapore Companies Act 1967, (the Act), and Singapore Financial Reporting Standards; and

(b)    at the date of this statement, there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they fall due.

The Board of Directors has, on the date of this statement, authorized these financial statements for issue.

Directors

The directors in office at the date of this statement are as follows:

12 

Cyril Pierre-Jean Ducau

Laurence Neil Charney

Nathan Scott Fine

Aviad Kaufman

Antoine Bonnier

Foo Say Mui

Arunava Sen

Barak Cohen

Tan Beng Tee (Appointed on August 30, 2023)

Robert L. Rosen (Appointed on July 19, 2023)

Directors’ interests

According to the register kept by the Company for the purposes of Section 164 of the Act, certain directors of the Company holding office at the end of the financial year have interests in shares, debentures, warrants and share options in the Company. The Company was granted an exemption by the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority from compliance with the disclosure requirements for directors’ interests in such shares, debentures, warrants and share options.

Neither at the end of, nor at any time during the financial year, was the Company a party to any arrangement whose objects are, or one of whose objects is, to enable the directors of the Company to acquire benefits by means of the acquisition of shares in or debentures of the Company or any other body corporate.

F - 1

Share-based Compensation Plans

The Kenon Holdings Ltd. Share Incentive Plan 2014 (the “SIP 2014”) authorises the directors of the Company to offer and grant awards of fully paid-up shares, free of payment, in accordance with the provisions of the SIP 2014 and to allot and issue from time to time such number of ordinary shares of the Company as may be required to be delivered pursuant to the vesting of awards under the SIP 2014, while the Kenon Holdings Ltd. Share Option Plan 2014 (“SOP 2014”) authorises the directors of the Company to offer and grant options in accordance with the SOP 2014 to acquire ordinary shares and to allot and issue from time to time such number of ordinary shares as may be required to be delivered pursuant to the exercise of options under the SOP 2014.

Directors of the Company are eligible to participate in the SIP 2014 and the SOP 2014.

Share options

During the financial year, there were:

(i) no options granted by the Company to any person to take up unissued shares in the Company; and

(ii) no shares issued by virtue of any exercise of option to take up unissued shares of the Company.

As at the end of the financial year, there were no unissued shares of the Company under option plan.

Auditors

The auditors, KPMG LLP, have indicated their willingness to accept re-appointment.

On behalf of the Board of Directors

────────────────────

Cyril Pierre-Jean Ducau

Director

────────────────────

Robert L. Rosen

Director

March 26, 2024

F - 2

	KPMG LLP 12 Marina View #15-01 Asia Square Tower 2 Singapore 018961	Telephone	+65 6213 3388
		Fax	+65 6225 0984
		Internet	www.kpmg.com.sg

Independent auditors’ report

Members of the Company
Kenon Holdings Ltd.

Report on the audit of the financial statements

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of Kenon Holdings Ltd. (‘the Company’) and its subsidiaries (‘the Group’), which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position of the Group and the statement of financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2023, the consolidated statement of profit or loss and consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity and consolidated statement of cash flows of the Group for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of material accounting policies, as set out on pages FS1 to FS91.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Group and the statement of financial position of the Company are properly drawn up in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 1967 (‘the Act’) and Financial Reporting Standards (‘FRSs’) so as to give a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position of the Group and the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2023 and of the consolidated financial performance, consolidated changes in equity and consolidated cash flows of the Group for the year ended on that date.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with Singapore Standards on Auditing (‘SSAs’).  Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the ‘Auditors’ responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements’ section of our report.  We are independent of the Group in accordance with the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority Code of Professional Conduct and Ethics for Public Accountants and Accounting Entities (‘ACRA Code’) together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in Singapore, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the ACRA Code.  We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Key audit matter

Key audit matter is a matter that, in our professional judgement, was of most significance in our audit of the financial statements of the current period.  This matter was addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on this matter.

F - 3

Impairment assessments of goodwill arising from CPV Group
The key audit matter	How the matter was addressed in our audit
As discussed in Notes 3.G and 13.C to the consolidated financial statements, the carrying amount of the cash generating unit (CGU) to which goodwill is allocated is reviewed at each reporting date for impairment. As of December 31, 2023, the Group’s goodwill assigned to the renewable energies segment arising from CPV Group amounted to USD 126 million (Renewable Energy CGU). The Company estimates the recoverable amount of the Renewable Energy CGU based on discounted expected future cash flows. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying value of the Renewable Energy CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. We identified the evaluation of the impairment assessments of the goodwill as a critical audit matter. Specifically, a high degree of auditor judgement was required to evaluate the discount rates to determine the recoverable amount of the Renewable Energy CGU. Additionally, the audit effort associated with evaluating the discount rates required involvement of valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge.	The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of the internal controls relating to the impairment assessment of Renewable Energy CGU, including the control related to evaluating the discount rates used in the discounted cashflows. In addition, we involved valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge to assist us in evaluating the discount rates by comparing them against independently developed range of discount rates using inputs from publicly available information.

Other information

Management is responsible for the other information contained in the annual report.  Other information is defined as all information in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditors’ report thereon.

We have obtained all other informationprior to the date of this auditors’ report.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.  If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.  We have nothing to report in this regard.

F - 4

Responsibilities of management and directors for the financial statements

Management is responsible for the preparation of financial statements that give a true and fair view in accordance with the provisions of the Act and FRSs, and for devising and maintaining a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide a reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded against loss from unauthorised use or disposition; and transactions are properly authorised and that they are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of true and fair financial statements and to maintain accountability of assets.

In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

The directors’ responsibilities include overseeing the Group’s financial reporting process.

Auditors’ responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors’ report that includes our opinion.  Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with SSAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists.  Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

As part of an audit in accordance with SSAs, we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit.  We also:

• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal controls.

• Obtain an understanding of internal controls relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal controls.

• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management.

• Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern.  If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditors’ report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion.  Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditors’ report.  However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern.

F - 5

• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.

• Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements.  We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit.  We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with the directors regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal controls that we identify during our audit.

We also provide the directors with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.

From the matters communicated with the directors, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters.  We describe these matters in our auditors’ report unless the law or regulations preclude public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.

Report on other legal and regulatory requirements

In our opinion, the accounting and other records required by the Act to be kept by the Company and by those subsidiary corporations incorporated in Singapore of which we are the auditors have been properly kept in accordance with the provisions of the Act.

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditors’ report is Ang Fung Fung.

KPMG LLP

Public Accountants and

Chartered Accountants

Singapore

March 26, 2024

F - 6

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as at December 31, 2023 and 2022

			As at December 31,
			2023		2022
	Note		$ Thousands
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents		5		696,838		535,171
Short-term deposits and restricted cash		6		532		45,990
Trade receivables				67,994		73,900
Short-term derivative instruments				3,177		2,918
Other investments		7		215,797		344,780
Other current assets		8		111,703		58,956
Total current assets				1,096,041		1,061,715
Non-current assets
Investment in ZIM (associated company)		9		-		427,059
Investment in OPC's associated companies		9		703,156		652,358
Long-term restricted cash				16,237		15,146
Long-term derivative instruments		28.D.1		14,178		16,077
Deferred taxes		24.C.2		15,862		6,382
Property, plant and equipment, net		12		1,714,825		1,222,421
Intangible assets, net		13		321,284		220,795
Long-term prepaid expenses and other non-current assets		14		52,342		23,323	*
Right-of-use assets, net		17		174,515		126,784	*
Total non-current assets				3,012,399		2,710,345
Total assets				4,108,440		3,772,060

* Reclassified

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F - 7

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as at December 31, 2023 and 2022, continued

			As at December 31,
			2023			2022
	Note		$ Thousands
Current liabilities
Current maturities of loans from banks and others		15		169,627			39,262
Trade and other payables		16		181,898			133,415
Short-term derivative instruments		28.D.1		2,311			889
Current tax liabilities				-			653
Deferred taxes		24.C.2		-			1,285
Current maturities of lease liabilities				4,963			17,474
Total current liabilities				358,799			192,978
Non-current liabilities
Long-term loans from banks and others		15		906,243			610,434
Debentures		15		454,163			513,375
Deferred taxes		24.C.2		136,590			97,800
Other non-current liabilities		16		109,882			41,388
Long-term derivative instruments				15,996			10
Long-term lease liabilities				56,543			20,157
Total non-current liabilities				1,679,417			1,283,164
Total liabilities				2,038,216			1,476,142
Equity		19
Share capital				50,134			50,134
Translation reserve				(3,658	)		1,206
Capital reserve				69,792			42,553
Accumulated profit				1,087,041			1,504,592
Equity attributable to owners of the Company				1,203,309			1,598,485
Non-controlling interests				866,915			697,433
Total equity				2,070,224			2,295,918
Total liabilities and equity				4,108,440			3,772,060

Cyril Pierre-Jean Ducau	Robert L. Rosen	Deepa Joseph
Chairman of Board of Directors	CEO	CFO

Approval date of the consolidated financial statements: March 26, 2024

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F - 8

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Profit & Loss for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021

			For the year ended December 31,
			2023			2022			2021
	Note		$ Thousands
Revenue		20		691,796			573,957			487,763
Cost of sales and services (excluding depreciation and amortization)		21		(494,312	)		(417,261	)		(336,298	)
Depreciation and amortization				(78,025	)		(56,853	)		(53,116	)
Gross profit				119,459			99,843			98,349
Selling, general and administrative expenses		22		(84,715	)		(99,936	)		(75,727	)
Other income/(expense), net				7,819			2,918			(81	)
Operating profit				42,563			2,825			22,541
Financing expenses		23		(66,333	)		(50,397	)		(144,295	)
Financing income		23		39,361			44,686			2,934
Financing expenses, net				(26,972	)		(5,711	)		(141,361	)
Losses related to Qoros		10		-			-			(251,483	)
Losses related to ZIM		9.B.a		(860	)		(727,650	)		(204	)
Share in (losses)/profit of associated companies, net
- ZIM		9.A.2		(266,046	)		1,033,026			1,260,993
- OPC's associated companies		9.A.2		65,566			85,149			(10,844	)
(Loss)/profit before income taxes				(185,749	)		387,639			879,642
Income tax expense		24		(25,199	)		(37,980	)		(4,325	)
(Loss)/profit for the year				(210,948	)		349,659			875,317
Attributable to:
Kenon’s shareholders				(235,978	)		312,652			930,273
Non-controlling interests				25,030			37,007			(54,956	)
(Loss)/profit for the year				(210,948	)		349,659			875,317
Basic/diluted (loss)/profit per share attributable to Kenon’s shareholders (in dollars):		25
Basic/diluted (loss)/profit per share				(4.42	)		5.80			17.27

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F - 9

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Other Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021

	For the year ended December 31,
	2023			2022			2021
	$ Thousands
(Loss)/profit for the year		(210,948	)		349,659			875,317
Items that are or will be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss
Foreign currency translation differences in respect of foreign operations		(10,068	)		(40,694	)		17,489
Group’s share in other comprehensive income of associated companies		(15,905	)		13,611			12,360
Effective portion of change in the fair value of cash-flow hedges		(11,027	)		14,774			8,772
Change in fair value of other investments at FVOCI		6,773			(2,100	)		-
Change in fair value of derivative financial  instruments used for hedging cash flows recorded to the cost of the hedged item		(1,433	)		(1,043	)		37,173
Change in fair value of derivatives financial instruments used to hedge cash flows transferred to the statement of profit & loss		(5,474	)		(4,125	)		(2,121	)
Income taxes in respect of components of other comprehensive income		1,552			(2,658	)		(423	)
Total other comprehensive income for the year		(35,582	)		(22,235	)		73,250
Total comprehensive income for the year		(246,530	)		327,424			948,567
Attributable to:
Kenon’s shareholders		(246,936	)		290,985			969,862
Non-controlling interests		406			36,439			(21,295	)
Total comprehensive income for the year		(246,530	)		327,424			948,567

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F - 10

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021

																	Non-
																	controlling
			Attributable to the owners of the Company														interests			Total
			Share		Translation			Capital			Accumulated
			Capital		reserve			reserve			profit			Total
	Note		$ Thousands
Balance at January 1, 2023				50,134		1,206			42,553			1,504,592			1,598,485			697,433			2,295,918
Transactions with owners, recognised directly in equity
Contributions by and distributions to owners
Dividend declared and paid		19.D		-		-			-			(150,365	)		(150,365	)		-			(150,365	)
Share-based payment transactions				-		-			4,753			-			4,753			1,386			6,139
Own shares acquired		19.G		-		-			-			(28,130	)		(28,130	)		-			(28,130	)
Total contributions by and distributions to owners				-		-			4,753			(178,495	)		(173,742	)		1,386			(172,356	)
Changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries
Acquisition of shares of subsidiary from holders of rights not conferring control		11.A.2		-		-			25,502			-			25,502			103,812			129,314
Investments from holders of non-controlling interests in equity of subsidiary				-		-			-			-			-			63,878			63,878
Total changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries				-		-			25,502			-			25,502			167,690			193,192
Total comprehensive income for the year
Net (loss)/profit for the year				-		-			-			(235,978	)		(235,978	)		25,030			(210,948	)
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax				-		(4,864	)		(3,016	)		(3,078	)		(10,958	)		(24,624	)		(35,582	)
Total comprehensive income for the year				-		(4,864	)		(3,016	)		(239,056	)		(246,936	)		406			(246,530	)
Balance at December 31, 2023				50,134		(3,658	)		69,792			1,087,041			1,203,309			866,915			2,070,224

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F - 11

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021

																	Non-
																	controlling
			Attributable to the owners of the Company														interests			Total
			Share			Translation			Capital		Accumulated
			Capital			reserve			reserve		profit			Total
	Note		$ Thousands
Balance at January 1, 2022				602,450			25,680			25,783		1,139,775			1,793,688			486,598			2,280,286
Transactions with owners, recognised directly in equity
Contributions by and distributions to owners
Cash distribution to owners of the Company		19.F		(552,316	)		-			-		-			(552,316	)		-			(552,316	)
Share-based payment transactions				-						8,502					8,502			2,104			10,606
Total contributions by and distributions to owners				(552,316	)		-			8,502		-			(543,814	)		2,104			(541,710	)
Changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries
Dilution in investment in subsidiary		11.A.7		-			-			-		57,585			57,585			135,567			193,152
Acquisition of subsidiary with non-controlling interest				-			-			41		-			41			-			41
Investments from holders of non-controlling interests in equity of subsidiary				-			-			-		-			-			36,725			36,725
Total changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries				-			-			41		57,585			57,626			172,292			229,918
Total comprehensive income for the year
Net profit for the year				-			-			-		312,652			312,652			37,007			349,659
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax				-			(24,474	)		8,227		(5,420	)		(21,667	)		(568	)		(22,235	)
Total comprehensive income for the year				-			(24,474	)		8,227		307,232			290,985			36,439			327,424
Balance at December 31, 2022				50,134			1,206			42,553		1,504,592			1,598,485			697,433			2,295,918

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F - 12

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021

																Non-
																controlling
			Attributable to the owners of the Company													interests			Total
			Share		Translation		Capital			Accumulated
			Capital		reserve		reserve			profit			Total
	Note		$ Thousands
Balance at January 1, 2021				602,450		15,896		(11,343	)		459,820			1,066,823			209,185			1,276,008
Transactions with owners, recognised directly in equity
Contributions by and distributions to owners
Share-based payment transactions				-		-		7,371			-			7,371			1,187			8,558
Dividends declared		19.D		-		-		-			(288,811	)		(288,811	)		(10,214	)		(299,025	)
Total contributions by and distributions to owners				-		-		7,371			(288,811	)		(281,440	)		(9,027	)		(290,467	)
Changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries
Dilution in investment in subsidiary		11.A.7		-		-		-			38,443			38,443			103,891			142,334
Non-controlling interests in respect of business combinations				-		-		-			-			-			6,769			6,769
Investments from holders of non-controlling interests in equity of subsidiary				-		-		-			-			-			197,075			197,075
Total changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries				-		-		-			38,443			38,443			307,735			346,178
Total comprehensive income for the year
Net profit for the year				-		-		-			930,273			930,273			(54,956	)		875,317
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax				-		9,784		29,755			50			39,589			33,661			73,250
Total comprehensive income for the year				-		9,784		29,755			930,323			969,862			(21,295	)		948,567
Balance at December 31, 2021				602,450		25,680		25,783			1,139,775			1,793,688			486,598			2,280,286

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F - 13

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021

			For the year ended December 31,
			2023			2022			2021
	Note		$ Thousands
Cash flows from operating activities
(Loss)/profit for the year				(210,948	)		349,659			875,317
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization				90,939			62,876			57,640
Financing expenses, net		23		26,972			5,711			141,361
Share in losses/(profit) of associated companies, net		9.A.2		200,480			(1,118,175	)		(1,250,149	)
Losses related to Qoros		10		-			-			251,483
Losses related to ZIM		9.B.a		860			727,650			204
Share-based payments				(1,547	)		18,855			18,369
Other expenses, net				4,461			-			-
Income taxes				25,199			37,980			4,325
				136,416			84,556			98,550
Change in trade and other receivables				(2,932	)		(28,819	)		(1,171	)
Change in trade and other payables				(9,514	)		(10,100	)		(429	)
Cash generated from operating activities				123,970			45,637			96,950
Dividends received from associated companies, net				154,672			727,309			143,964
Income taxes paid, net				(1,854	)		(1,565	)		(385	)
Net cash provided by operating activities				276,788			771,381			240,529

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F - 14

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, continued

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021

			For the year ended December 31,
			2023			2022			2021
	Note		$ Thousands
Cash flows from investing activities
Short-term deposits and restricted cash, net				49,827			(46,266	)		558,247
Short-term collaterals deposits, net				29,864			(19,180	)		-
Investment in long-term deposits, net				154			12,750			51,692
Investments in associated companies, less cash acquired				(7,619	)		(2,932	)		(8,566	)
Acquisition of subsidiary, less cash acquired		11.A.4		(327,108	)		-			(659,169	)
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and payment of     long-term advance deposits and prepaid expenses				(332,117	)		(281,286	)		(239,663	)
Proceeds from sales of interest in ZIM		9.B.a.4		-			463,549			67,087
Proceeds from distribution from associated companies				3,000			4,444			46,729
Proceeds from sale of subsidiary, net of cash disposed off				2,000			-			-
Proceeds from sale of other investments				193,698			308,829			-
Purchase of other investments				(50,000	)		(650,777	)		-
Long-term loan to an associate				(23,950	)		-			(5,000	)
Reimbursement in respect of right-of-use asset				-			-			4,823
Interest received				27,968			6,082			269
Proceeds from/(payment of) transactions in derivatives, net				2,047			1,349			(5,635	)
Payment of financial guarantee		10.6		-			-			(16,265	)
Net cash used in investing activities				(432,236	)		(203,438	)		(205,451	)
Cash flows from financing activities
Repayment of long-term loans, debentures and lease liabilities				(167,769	)		(55,762	)		(562,016	)
Short-term credit from banks and others, net				62,187			-			-
Proceeds from Veridis transaction		11.A.2		129,181			-			-
Proceeds from issuance of share capital by a subsidiary to non-controlling     interests, net of issuance expenses		11.A.7		-			193,148			142,334
Investments from holders of non-controlling interests in equity of subsidiary				63,878			36,725			197,076
Tax Equity Investment		18.A.4.d		82,405			-			-
Receipt of long-term loans				391,447			102,331			343,126
Proceeds from/(payment of) derivative financial instruments, net				2,385			(923	)		(13,933	)
Repurchase of own shares				(28,130	)		-			-
Costs paid in advance in respect of taking out of loans				(19,508	)		(2,845	)		(4,991	)
Cash distribution and dividends paid		19.D, 19.F		(150,362	)		(740,922	)		(100,209	)
Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interests				-			-			(10,214	)
Payment of early redemption commission with respect to the debentures		15.1.B		-			-			(75,820	)
Proceeds from issuance of debentures, less issuance expenses		15.2		-			-			262,750
Interest paid				(41,135	)		(25,428	)		(31,523	)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities				324,579			(493,676	)		146,580
Increase in cash and cash equivalents				169,131			74,267			181,658
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year				535,171			474,544			286,184
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on balances of cash and cash equivalents				(7,464	)		(13,640	)		6,702
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year				696,838			535,171			474,544

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F - 15

Kenon Holdings Ltd.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 – Financial Reporting Principles and Accounting Policies

A. The Reporting Entity

Kenon Holdings Ltd. (the “Company” or “Kenon”) was incorporated on March 7, 2014 in the Republic of Singapore under the Singapore Companies Act. Our principal place of business is located at 1 Temasek Avenue #37-02B, Millenia Tower, Singapore 039192.

The Company is a holding company and was incorporated to receive investments spun-off from their former parent company, Israel Corporation Ltd. (“IC”). The Company serves as the holding company of several businesses (together referred to as the “Group”).

Kenon shares are traded on New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and on Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (“TASE”) (NYSE and TASE: KEN).

B. Definitions

In these consolidated financial statements -

1. Subsidiaries – companies whose financial statements are fully consolidated with those of Kenon, directly or indirectly.

2. Associates – companies in which Kenon has significant influence and Kenon’s investment is stated, directly or indirectly, on the equity basis.

3. Investee companies – subsidiaries and/or associated companies and/or long-term investment (Qoros).

4. Related parties – within the meaning thereof in Singapore Financial Reporting Standards 24 Related Parties.

Note 2 – Basis of Preparation of the Financial Statements

A. Declaration of compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards

The consolidated financial statements were prepared by management of the Group in accordance with Singapore Financial Reporting Standards (“FRS”).

The consolidated financial statements were approved for issuance by the Company’s Board of Directors on March 26, 2024.

B. Functional and presentation currency

These consolidated financial statements are presented in US dollars (“$”), which is Kenon’s functional currency, and have been rounded to the nearest thousands, except where otherwise indicated. The US dollar is the currency that represents the principal economic environment in  which Kenon operates.

C. Basis of measurement

The consolidated financial statements were prepared on the historical cost basis, with the exception of the following assets and liabilities:

• Deferred tax assets and liabilities

• Derivative instruments

• Assets and liabilities in respect of employee benefits

• Investments in associated companies

• Long-term investment (Qoros)

 For additional information regarding measurement of these assets and liabilities – see Note 3 Material Accounting Policies.

F - 16

Note 2 – Basis of Preparation of the Financial Statements (Cont’d)

D. Use of estimates and judgment

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with FRS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

 1.  Allocation of acquisition costs

The Group makes estimates with respect to allocation of excess consideration to tangible and intangible assets and to liabilities. The Group has considered the report from a qualified external valuer to establish the appropriate valuation techniques and inputs for this assessment. The valuation technique used for measuring the fair values of the material assets: property, plant and equipment, investment in associated companies, and intangible assets is the income approach, a present value technique to convert future amounts to a single current amount using relevant discount rates. The respective discount rates are estimates and require judgment and minor changes to the discount rates could have had a significant effect on the Group’s evaluation of the transaction completion date fair values of the material assets. Refer to Note 11.A.1.1, Note 11.A.5 and Note 11.A.6 for further details.

In addition, in determining the depreciation rates of the tangible, intangible assets and liabilities, the Group estimates the expected life of the asset or liability.

 2.  Long-term investment (Qoros)

Following the sale of half of the Group’s remaining interest in Qoros (i.e. 12%) as described in Note 10.3, as of December 31, 2020, the Group owned a 12% interest in Qoros. The long-term investment (Qoros) was a combination of the Group’s remaining 12% interest in Qoros and the non-current portion of the put option (as described in Note 10.2). The long-term investment (Qoros) was determined using a combination of market comparison technique based on market multiples derived from the quoted prices of comparable companies adjusted for various considerations, and the binomial model. Fair value measurement of the long-term investment (Qoros) took into account the underlying asset’s price volatility.

In April 2021, Quantum entered into an agreement to sell its remaining 12% equity interest in Qoros. As a result, Kenon accounted for the fair value of the long-term investment (Qoros) based on the present value of the expected cash flows. Refer to Note 10.5 for further details.

 3.  Recoverable amount of cash-generating unit that includes goodwill

The calculation of the recoverable amount of cash-generating units to which goodwill balances are allocated is based, among other things, on the projected expected cash flows and discount rate. For further information, see Note 13.C and Note 13.D.

 4.  Recoverable amount of cash-generating unit of investment in equity-accounted companies (ZIM)

The carrying amounts of investments in equity-accounted companies are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the investments is estimated. For further information, see Note 9.B.a.5.

E. Israel Hamas War (“the War”)

On October 7, 2023, the War broke out in Israel. The War has led to consequences and restrictions that have affected the Israeli economy, which include, among other things, a decline in business activity, extensive recruitment of reservists, restrictions on gatherings in workplaces and public spaces, restrictions on the activity of the education system, which also includes a uncertainty as to the War’s impact on macroeconomic factors in Israel and on the financial position of the State of Israel, including potential adverse effects on the credit rating of the State of Israel and Israeli financial institutions.

F - 17

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies

There is a significant uncertainty as to the development of the War, its scope and duration. There is also significant uncertainty as to the impact of the War on macroeconomic and financial factors in Israel, including the situation in the Israeli capital market. Therefore, at this stage, it is not possible to assess the effect that the War will have on OPC, nor is it possible to assess the magnitude of the War’s effect on OPC and its results of operations, if any, in the short and medium term.

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below. The Group has consistently applied the following accounting policies to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements, unless otherwise stated.

A. First-time application of new accounting standards, amendments and interpretations

The Group has adopted a few new standards which are effective from January 1, 2023, including those listed below. These new standards and amendments do not have a material effect on the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

Amendments to FRS 1 and FRS Practice Statement 2

The amendments require the disclosure of ‘material’, rather than ‘significant’, accounting policies. The amendments also provide guidance on the application of materiality to disclosure of accounting policies, assisting entities to provide useful, entity-specific accounting policy information that users need to understand other information in the financial statements.

The Group has reviewed the accounting policies and made updates to the information disclosed below to be in line with the amendments.

B. Basis for consolidation/combination

(1) Business combinations

The Group accounts for all business combinations according to the acquisition method when the acquired set of activities and assets meets the definition of a business and control is transferred to the Group. In determining whether a particular set of activities and assets is a business, the Group assesses whether the set of assets and activities acquired includes, at a minimum, an input and substantive process and whether the acquired set has the ability to produce outputs.

The Group has an option to apply a ‘concentration test’ that permits a simplified assessment of whether an acquired set of activities and assets is not a business. The optional concentration test is met if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets.

The acquisition date is the date on which the Group obtains control over an acquiree. Control exists when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the acquiree and it has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the acquiree. Substantive rights held by the Group and others are taken into account when assessing control.

The Group recognizes goodwill on acquisition according to the fair value of the consideration transferred less the net amount of the fair value of identifiable assets acquired less the fair value of liabilities assumed. Goodwill is initially recognized as an asset based on its cost, and is measured in succeeding periods based on its cost less accrued losses from impairment of value.

For purposes of examining impairment of value, goodwill is allocated to each of the Group’s cash‑generating units that is expected to benefit from the synergy of the business combination. Cash‑generating units to which goodwill was allocated are examined for purposes of assessment of impairment of their value every year or more frequently where there are signs indicating a possible impairment of value of the unit, as stated. Where the recoverable amount of a cash‑generating unit is less than the carrying value in the books of that cash‑generating unit, the loss from impairment of value is allocated first to reduction of the carrying value in the books of any goodwill attributed to that cash‑generating unit. Thereafter, the balance of the loss from impairment of value, if any, is allocated to other assets of the cash‑generating unit, in proportion to their carrying values in the books. A loss from impairment of value of goodwill is not reversed in subsequent periods.

If the Group pays a bargain price for the acquisition (meaning including negative goodwill), it recognizes the resulting gain in profit or loss on the acquisition date.

F - 18

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

The Group recognizes contingent consideration at fair value at the acquisition date. The contingent consideration that meets the definition of a financial instrument that is not classified as equity will be measured at fair value through profit or loss; contingent consideration classified as equity shall not be remeasured and its subsequent settlement shall be accounted for within equity.

Furthermore, goodwill is not adjusted in respect of the utilization of carry-forward tax losses that existed on the date of the business combination.

Costs associated with acquisitions that were incurred by the acquirer in the business combination such as: finder’s fees, advisory, legal, valuation and other professional or consulting fees are expensed in the period the services are received.

(2) Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Company. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until the date when control ceased. The accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed when necessary to align them with the policies adopted by the Company.

(3) Non-Controlling Interest (“NCI”)

NCI comprises the equity of a subsidiary that cannot be attributed, directly or indirectly, to the parent company, and they include additional components such as: share-based payments that will be settled with equity instruments of the subsidiaries and options for shares of subsidiaries.

NCIs are measured at their proportionate share of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets at the acquisition date.

Changes in the Group’s interest in a subsidiary that do not result in a loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions.

Measurement of non-controlling interests on the date of the business combination

Non-controlling interests, which are instruments that convey a present ownership right and that grant to their holder a share in the net assets in a case of liquidation, are measured on the date of the business combination at fair value or based on their relative share in the identified assets and liabilities of the entity acquired, on the basis of every transaction separately.

Transactions with NCI, while retaining control

Transactions with NCI while retaining control are accounted for as equity transactions. Any difference between the consideration paid or received and the change in NCI is included directly in equity.

Allocation of comprehensive income to the shareholders

Profit or loss and any part of other comprehensive income are allocated to the owners of the Group and the NCI. Total comprehensive income is allocated to the owners of the Group and the NCI even if the result is a negative balance of NCI.

Furthermore, when the holding interest in the subsidiary changes, while retaining control, the Group re-attributes the accumulated amounts that were recognized in other comprehensive income to the owners of the Group and the NCI.

Cash flows deriving from transactions with holders of NCI while retaining control are classified under “financing activities” in the statement of cash flows.

(4) Investments in equity-accounted investees

Associates are entities in which the Group has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the financial and operating policies. In assessing significant influence, potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or convertible into shares of the investee are taken into account.

Joint-ventures are arrangements in which the Group has joint control, whereby the Group has the rights to assets of the arrangement, rather than rights to its assets and obligations for its liabilities.

F - 19

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

Associates and joint-venture are accounted for using the equity method (equity accounted investees) and are recognized initially at cost. The cost of the investment includes transaction costs. The consolidated financial statements include the Group’s share of the income and expenses in profit or loss and of other comprehensive income of equity accounted investees, after adjustments to align the accounting policies with those of the Group, from the date that significant influence commences until the date that significant influence ceases.

The Group’s share of post-acquisition profit or loss is recognized in the income statement, and its share of post-acquisition movements in other comprehensive income is recognized in other comprehensive income with a corresponding adjustment to the carrying amount of the investment.

When the Group’s share of losses exceeds its interest in an equity accounted investee, the carrying amount of that interest, including any long-term interests that form part thereof, is reduced to zero. When the Group’s share of long-term interests that form a part of the investment in the investee is different from its share in the investee’s equity, the Group continues to recognize its share of the investee’s losses, after the equity investment was reduced to zero, according to its economic interest in the long-term interests, after the equity interests were reduced to zero. When the group’s share of losses in an associate equals or exceeds its interest in the associate, including any long-term interests that, in substance, form part of the entity’s net investment in the associate, the recognition of further losses is discontinued except to the extent that the Group has an obligation to support the investee or has made payments on behalf of the investee.

C. Financial Instruments

 a) Classification and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

The Group initially recognizes trade receivables and other investments on the date that they are originated. All other financial assets and financial liabilities are initially recognized on the date on which the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. As a rule, a financial asset, other than a trade receivable without a significant financing component, or a financial liability, is initially measured at fair value with the addition, for a financial asset or a financial liability that are not presented at fair value through profit or loss, of transaction costs that can be directly attributed to the acquisition or the issuance of the financial asset or the financial liability. Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are initially measured at the transaction price. Trade receivables originating in contract assets are initially measured at the carrying amount of the contract assets on the date of reclassification from contract assets to receivables.

Financial assets - classification and subsequent measurement

On initial recognition, financial assets are classified as measured at amortized cost; fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”); or fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”).

Financial assets are not reclassified in subsequent periods, unless, and only to the extent that the Group changes its business model for the management of financial assets, in which case the affected financial assets are reclassified at the beginning of the reporting period following the change in the business model.

A financial asset is measured at amortized cost if it meets the two following cumulative conditions and is not designated for measurement at FVTPL:

- The objective of the entity's business model is to hold the financial asset to collect the contractual cash flows; and

- The contractual terms of the financial asset create entitlement on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

A debt investment is measured at FVOCI if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

- It is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and

- Its contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

F - 20

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

The Group has balances of trade and other receivables and deposits that are held under a business model the objective of which is collection of the contractual cash flows. The contractual cash flows in respect of such financial assets comprise solely payments of principal and interest that reflects consideration for the time-value of the money and the credit risk. Accordingly, such financial assets are measured at amortized cost.

b) Subsequent measurement

In subsequent periods, financial assets at amortized cost are measured at amortized cost, using the effective interest method and net of impairment losses. Interest income, currency exchange gains or losses and impairment are recognized in profit or loss. Any gains or losses on derecognition are also recognized in profit or loss.

Debt investments measured at FVOCI are subsequently measured at fair value. Interest income calculated using the effective interest method, foreign exchange gains and impairment are recognized in profit or loss. Other net gains and losses are recognized in OCI. On derecognition, gains and losses accumulated in OCI are reclassified to profit or loss.

All financial assets not classified as measured at amortized cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL.  On initial recognition, the Group may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortized cost or at FVOCI as at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise. In subsequent periods, these assets are measured at fair value. Net gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss.

Financial assets: Business model assessment

The Group makes an assessment of the objective of the business model in which a financial asset is held at a portfolio level because this best reflects the way the business is managed and information is provided to management. The information considered includes:

• the stated policies and objectives for the portfolio and the operation of those policies in practice. These include whether management’s strategy focuses on earning contractual interest income, maintaining a particular interest rate profile, matching the duration of the financial assets to the duration of any related liabilities or expected cash outflows or realising cash flows through the sale of the assets;

• how the performance of the portfolio is evaluated and reported to the Group’s management;

• the risks that affect the performance of the business model (and the financial assets held within that business model) and how those risks are managed;

• how managers of the business are compensated – e.g. whether compensation is based on the fair value of the assets managed or the contractual cash flows collected; and

• the frequency, volume and timing of sales of financial assets in prior periods, the reasons for such sales and expectations about future sales activity.

Non-derivative financial assets: Assessment whether contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest

For the purposes of this assessment, ‘principal’ is defined as the fair value of the financial asset on initial recognition.  ‘Interest’ is defined as consideration for the time value of money and for the credit risk associated with the principal amount outstanding during a particular period of time and for other basic lending risks and costs (e.g. liquidity risk and administrative costs), as well as a profit margin.

In assessing whether the contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest, the Group considers the contractual terms of the instrument.  This includes assessing whether the financial asset contains a contractual term that could change the timing or amount of contractual cash flows such that it would not meet this condition.  In making this assessment, the Group considers:

•          contingent events that would change the amount or timing of cash flows;

•          terms that may adjust the contractual coupon rate, including variable rate features;

•          prepayment and extension features; and

•          terms that limit the Group’s claim to cash flows from specified assets (e.g. non-recourse features).

F - 21

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

A prepayment feature is consistent with the solely payments of principal and interest criterion if the prepayment amount substantially represents unpaid amounts of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding, which may include reasonable additional compensation for early termination of the contract.  Additionally, for a financial asset acquired at a significant discount or premium to its contractual par amount, a feature that permits or requires prepayment at an amount that substantially represents the contractual par amount plus accrued (but unpaid) contractual interest (which may also include reasonable additional compensation for early termination) is treated as consistent with this criterion if the fair value of the prepayment feature is insignificant at initial recognition.

Derecognition of financial assets

The Group derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred or in which the Group neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and it does not retain control of the financial asset.

If the Group enters into transactions whereby it transfers assets recognized in its statement of financial position, but retains either all or substantially all of the risks and rewards of the transferred assets, the transferred assets are not derecognized.

Financial liabilities – Initial classification, subsequent measurement and gains and losses

Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortized cost or at FVTPL. Financial liabilities are classified as measured at FVTPL if it is held for trading or it is designated as such on initial recognition, and are measured at fair value, and any net gains and losses, including any interest expenses, are recognized in profit or loss. Other financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value less directly attributable transaction costs. They are measured at amortized cost in subsequent periods, using the effective interest method. Interest expenses and currency exchange gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss. Any gains or losses on derecognition are also recognized in profit or loss.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognized when the contractual obligation of the Group expires or when it is discharged or canceled. Additionally, a significant amendment of the terms of an existing financial liability, or an exchange of debt instruments having substantially different terms, between an existing borrower and lender, are accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability at fair value.

The difference between the carrying amount of the extinguished financial liability and the consideration paid (including any other non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed), is recognized in profit or loss.

Offset

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the consolidated statement of financial position when, and only when, the Group currently has a legally enforceable right to offset the amounts and intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

c) Impairment

Financial assets, contract assets and receivables on a lease

The Group creates a provision for expected credit losses in respect of:

-          Contract assets (as defined in FRS 115);

-          Financial assets measured at amortized cost;

-          Financial guarantees;

-          Debt investments;

-          Lease receivables.

Simplified approach

The Group applies the simplified approach to provide for expected credit losses (“ECLs”) for all trade receivables (including lease receivables) and contract assets. The simplified approach requires the loss allowance to be measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs.

F - 22

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

General approach

The Group applies the general approach to provide for ECLs on all other financial instruments and financial guarantees. Under the general approach, the loss allowance is measured at an amount equal to the 12-month ECLs at initial recognition.

At each reporting date, the Group assess whether the credit risk of a financial instrument has increased significantly since initial recognition. When credit risk has increased significantly since initial recognition, loss allowance is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs.

In assessing whether the credit risk of a financial asset has significantly increased since initial recognition and in assessing expected credit losses, the Group takes into consideration information that is reasonable and verifiable, relevant and attainable at no excessive cost or effort. Such information comprises quantitative and qualitative information, as well as an analysis, based on the past experience of the Group and the reported credit assessment, and contains forward-looking information.

If credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition or if the credit quality of the financial instruments improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, loss allowance is measured at an amount equal to 12-month ECLs.

The Group assumes that the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition whenever contractual payments are more than 30 days in arrears.

The Group considers a financial asset to be in default if:

-It is not probable that the borrower will fully meet its payment obligations to the Company, and the Company has no right to perform actions such as the realization of collaterals (if any); or

-The contractual payments in respect of the financial asset are more than 90 days in arrears.

The Group considers a contract asset to be in default when the customer is unlikely to pay its contractual obligations to the Group in full, without recourse by the Group to actions such as realizing security.

The Group considers a debt instrument as having a low credit risk if its credit risk coincides with the global structured definition of “investment rating”.

The ECLs expected over the life of the instrument are ECLs arising from all potential default events throughout the life of the financial instrument.

ECLs in a 12-month period are the portion of the ECLs arising from potential default events during the period of 12 months from the reporting date.

The maximum period that is taken into account in assessing the ECLs is the maximum contractual period over which the Group is exposed to credit risk.

Measurement of ECLs

ECLs represent a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured at the present value of the difference between the cash flows to which the Group is entitled under the contract and the cash flows that the Group expects to receive.

Expected credit losses are discounted at the effective interest rate of the financial asset.

The Group’s credit risk exposure for trade receivables and contract asset are set out in Note 28 Financial Instruments.

Financial assets impaired by credit risk

At each reporting date, the Group assesses whether financial assets that are measured at amortized cost and debt instruments that are measured at FVOCI have become impaired by credit risk. A financial asset is impaired by credit risk upon the occurrence of one or more of the events (i.e. significant financial difficulty of the debtor) that adversely affect the future cash flows estimated for such financial asset.

F - 23

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

Presentation of impairment and allowance for ECLs in the statement of financial position

A provision for ECLs in respect of a financial asset that is measured at amortized cost is presented as a reduction of the gross carrying amount of the financial asset.

For debt investments at FVOCI, loss allowances are charged to profit or loss and recognized in OCI. Loss allowances are presented under financing expenses.

Impairment losses in respect of trade and other receivables, including contract assets and lease receivables, are presented separately in the statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. Impairment losses in respect of other financial assets are presented under financing expenses.

Derivative financial instruments, including hedge accounting

The Group holds derivative financial instruments.

Derivatives are recognized initially at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivatives are measured at fair value, and changes therein are generally recognized in profit or loss.

The Group designates certain derivative financial instruments as hedging instruments in qualifying hedging relationships. At inception of designated hedging relationships, the Group documents the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. The Group also documents the economic relationship between the hedged item and the hedging instrument, including whether the changes in cash flows of the hedged item and hedging instrument are expected to offset each other.

Hedge accounting

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, hedge relationships designated for hedge accounting under FRS 39 qualify for hedge accounting under FRS 109, and are therefore deemed as continuing hedge relationships.

Hedges directly affected by interest rate benchmark reform

Phase 1 amendments: Prior to interest rate benchmark reform – when there is uncertainty arising from Interest rate benchmark reform

For the purpose of evaluating whether there is an economic relationship between the hedged item(s) and the hedging instrument(s), the Group assumes that the benchmark interest rate is not altered as a result of interest rate benchmark reform.

For a cash flow hedge of a forecast transaction, the Group assumes that the benchmark interest rate will not be altered as a result of interest rate benchmark reform for the purpose of assessing whether the forecast transaction is highly probable and presents an exposure to variations in cash flows that could ultimately affect profit or loss. In determining whether a previously designated forecast transaction in a discontinued cash flow hedge is still expected to occur, the Group assumes that the interest rate benchmark cash flows designated as a hedge will not be altered as a result of interest rate benchmark reform.

The Group will cease to apply the specific policy for assessing the economic relationship between the hedged item and the hedging instrument (i) to a hedged item or hedging instrument when the uncertainty arising from interest rate benchmark reform is no longer present with respect to the timing and the amount of the contractual cash flows of the respective item or instrument or (ii) when the hedging relationship is discontinued. For its highly probable assessment of the hedged item, the Group will no longer apply the specific policy when the uncertainty arising from interest rate benchmark reform about the timing and the amount of the interest rate benchmark-based future cash flows of the hedged item is no longer present, or when the hedging relationship is discontinued.

F - 24

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

Phase 2 amendments: Replacement of benchmark interest rates – when there is no longer uncertainty arising from interest rate benchmark reform

When the basis for determining the contractual cash flows of the hedged item or the hedging instrument changes as a result of interest rate benchmark reform and therefore there is no longer uncertainty arising about the cash flows of the hedged item or the hedging instrument, the Group amends the hedge documentation of that hedging relationship to reflect the change(s) required by interest rate benchmark reform. A change in the basis for determining the contractual cash flows is required by interest rate benchmark reform if the following conditions are met:

- the change is necessary as a direct consequence of the reform; and

- the new basis for determining the contractual cash flows is economically equivalent to the previous basis – i.e. the basis immediately before the change.

For this purpose, the hedge designation is amended only to make one or more of the following changes:

- designating an alternative benchmark rate as the hedged risk;

- updating the description of hedged item, including the description of the designated portion of the cash flows or fair value being hedged; or

- updating the description of the hedging instrument.

The Group amends the description of the hedging instrument only if the following conditions are met:

- it makes a change required by interest rate benchmark reform by using an approach other than changing the basis for determining the contractual cash flows of the hedging instrument;

- it chosen approach is economically equivalent to changing the basis for determining the contractual cash flows of the original hedging instrument; and

- the original hedging instrument is not derecognized

The Group also amends the formal hedge documentation by the end of the reporting period during which a change required by interest rate benchmark reform is made to the hedged risk, hedged item or hedging instrument. These amendments in the formal hedge documentation do not constitute the discontinuation of the hedging relationship or the designation of a new hedging relationship.

If changes are made in addition to those changes required by interest rate benchmark reform described above, then the Group first considers whether those additional changes result in the discontinuation of the hedge accounting relationship. If the additional changes do not result in discontinuation of the hedge accounting relationship, then the Group amends the formal hedge documentation for changes required by interest rate benchmark reform as mentioned above.

When the interest rate benchmark on which the hedged future cash flows had been based is changed as required by interest rate benchmark reform, for the purpose of determining whether the hedged future cash flows are expected to occur, the Group deems that the hedging reserve recognized in OCI for that hedging relationship is based on the alternative benchmark rate on which the hedged future cash flows will be based.

Cash flow hedges

The Group designates certain derivatives as hedging instruments to hedge the variability in cash flows associated with highly probable forecast transactions arising from changes in foreign exchange rates and interest rates.

When a derivative is designated as a cash flow hedging instrument, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized in OCI and accumulated in the hedging reserve. The effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative that is recognized in OCI is limited to the cumulative change in fair value of the hedged item, determined on a present value basis, from inception of the hedge. Any ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized immediately in profit or loss.

The Group designates only the change in fair value of the spot element of forward exchange contracts as the hedging instrument in cash flow hedging relationships. The change in fair value of the forward element of forward exchange contracts (‘forward points’) is separately accounted for as a cost of hedging and recognized in a cost of hedging reserve within equity. When the hedged forecast transaction subsequently results in the recognition of a non-financial item such as inventory, the amount accumulated in the hedging reserve and the cost of hedging reserve is included directly in the initial cost of the non-financial item when it is recognized.

F - 25

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

For all other hedged forecast transactions, the amount accumulated in the hedging reserve and the cost of hedging reserve is reclassified to profit or loss in the same period or periods during which the hedged expected future cash flows affect profit or loss.

If the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting or the hedging instrument is sold, expires, is terminated or is exercised, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. When hedge accounting for cash flow hedges is discontinued, the amount that has been accumulated in the hedging reserve and the cost of hedging reserve remains in equity until, for a hedge of a transaction resulting in recognition of a non-financial item, it is included in the non-financial item’s cost on its initial recognition or, for other cash flow hedges, it is reclassified to profit or loss in the same period or periods as the hedged expected future cash flows affect profit or loss.

If the hedged future cash flows are no longer expected to occur, then the amounts that have been accumulated in the hedging reserve and the cost of hedging reserve are immediately reclassified to profit or loss.

Financial guarantees

The Group irrevocably elects on a contract by contract basis, whether to account for a financial guarantee in accordance with FRS 109.

The Group considers a financial guarantee to be in default when the debtor of the loan is unlikely to pay its credit obligations to the creditor.

When the Group elects to account for financial guarantees in accordance with FRS 109, they are initially measured at fair value. Subsequently, they are measured at the higher of the loss allowance determined in accordance with FRS 109 and the amount initially recognized less, when appropriate, the cumulative amount of income recognized in accordance with the principles of FRS 115.

D. Property, plant and equipment, net

(1) Recognition and measurement

Items of property, plant and equipment comprise mainly power station structures, power distribution facilities and related offices. These items are measured at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.

Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.

•          The cost of materials and direct labor;

•          Any other costs directly attributable to bringing the assets to a working condition for their intended use;

•          Spare parts, servicing equipment and stand-by equipment;

•          When the Group has an obligation to remove the assets or restore the site, an estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which they are located; and

•          Capitalized borrowing costs.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment items have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognized in profit or loss in the year the asset is derecognized.

(2) Subsequent Cost

Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Group, and its cost can be measured reliably.

F - 26

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

(3) Depreciation

Depreciation is calculated to reduce the cost of items of property, plant and equipment less their estimated residual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, and is generally recognized in profit or loss. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Group will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. Freehold land is not depreciated. Diesel oil and spare parts are expensed off when they are used or consumed. Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed by management of the Group at each reporting date and adjusted if appropriate.

The following useful lives shown on an average basis are applied across the Group:

	Years
Roads, buildings and land (*)	23 – 30
Power plants	23 – 40
Maintenance work	1.5 – 15 years
Back up diesel fuel	by consumption

* Freehold land is not depreciated.

E. Intangible assets, net

(1) Recognition and measurement

Goodwill	Goodwill arising on the acquisition of subsidiaries is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses. In respect of equity accounted investees, the carrying amount of goodwill is included in the carrying amount of the investment; and any impairment loss is allocated to the carrying amount of the equity investee as a whole.
Other intangible assets	Other intangible assets, including licenses, patents and trademarks, which are acquired by the Group having finite useful lives are measured at cost less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses.

(2) Amortization

 Amortization is calculated to charge to expense the cost of intangible assets less their estimated residual values using the straight-line method over their useful lives, and is generally recognized in profit or loss. Goodwill is not amortized.

 The estimated useful lives for current and comparative year are as follows:

• Power purchase agreement 10 years

• Others 1-33 years

  Amortization methods and useful lives are reviewed by management of the Group at each reporting date and adjusted if appropriate.

(3) Subsequent expenditure

 Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on internally generated goodwill is expensed as incurred.

F - 27

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

F. Leases

Definition of a lease

The Group assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease by assessing if the contract conveys a right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

At inception or on reassessment of a contract that contains a lease component, the Group allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease and non-lease component on the basis of their relative stand-alone prices. For lease contracts that include components that are not lease components, such as services or maintenance which relate to the lease component, the Group elected to treat the lease component separately.

As a lessee

The Group recognizes right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for most leases – i.e. these leases are on-balance sheet. However, the Group has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for some leases of low-value assets. The Group recognizes the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Group recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, and subsequently at cost less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Group’s incremental borrowing rate.

The lease liability is subsequently increased by the interest cost on the lease liability and decreased by lease payments made. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, a change in the estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or as appropriate, changes in the assessment of whether a purchase or extension option is reasonably certain to be exercised or a termination option is reasonably certain not to be exercised.

The Group has applied judgement to determine the lease term for some lease contracts in which it is a lessee that include renewal options. The assessment of whether the Group is reasonably certain to exercise such options impacts the lease term, which affects the amount of lease liabilities and right-of-use assets recognized.

Depreciation of right-of-use asset

Subsequent to the commencement date of the lease, a right-of-use asset is measured using the cost method, less accumulated depreciation and accrued losses from decline in value and is adjusted in respect of re‑measurements of the liability in respect of the lease. The depreciation is calculated on the “straight‑line” basis over the useful life or the contractual lease period – whichever is shorter.

	Years
Land	19 – 49
Others	12 - 16

G. Impairment of non-financial assets

At each reporting date, management of the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its non-financial assets (other than inventories and deferred tax assets) to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment, and whenever impairment indicators exist.

For impairment testing, assets are grouped together into smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or CGU. Goodwill arising from a business combination is allocated to CGUs or group of CGUs that are expected to benefit from these synergies of the combination.

F - 28

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

The recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. Value in use is based on the estimated future cash flows, discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or CGU.

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount.

Impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss. They are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU, and then to reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the CGU on a pro rata basis.

An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. For other assets, an assessment is performed at each reporting date for any indications that these losses have decreased or no longer exist. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount and is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized.

H. Revenue recognition

The Group recognizes revenue when the customer obtains control over the promised goods or services. The revenue is measured according to the amount of the consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for the goods or services promised to the customer.

Revenues from the sale of electricity and steam are recognized in the period in which the sale takes place in accordance with the price set in the electricity sale agreements and the quantities of electricity supplied. Furthermore, the Group’s revenues include revenues from the provision of asset management services to power plants and recognized in accordance to the service provision rate.

When setting the transaction price, the Group takes into consideration fixed amounts and amounts that may vary as a result of discounts, credits, price concessions, penalties, claims and disputes and contract modifications that the consideration in their respect has not yet been agreed by the parties.

The Group includes variable consideration, or part of it, in the transaction price only when it is highly probable that its inclusion will not result in a significant revenue reversal in the future when the uncertainty has been subsequently resolved. At the end of each reporting period and if necessary, the Group revises the amount of the variable consideration included in the transaction price.

The Group recognizes compensation paid to customers in respect of delays in the commercial operation date of the power plant on payment date within long-term prepaid expenses, and amortizes them throughout the term of the contract, from the date of commercial operation of the power plant, against a decrease in revenue from contracts with customers.

Key agent or a principal

When another party is involved in providing goods or services to a customer, the Group shall determine whether the nature of its promise is a performance obligation to provide the specified or services itself (i.e., the Group is a principal) or to arrange for those services to be provided by the other party (i.e., the Group is an agent), and therefore recognizes the revenue as the net fee amount.

The Group is a principal if it controls the specified service before that service is transferred to a customer. Indicators that the Group controls the specified service before it is transferred to the customer include the following: The Group is primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified service; the entity bears a risk before the specified service has been transferred to a customer; and the Group has discretion in establishing the price for the specified service.

F - 29

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

I. Income taxes

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. It is recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognized directly in equity or in OCI.

(i) Current tax

Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year and any adjustment to tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. It is measured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Current tax also includes any tax liability arising from dividends.

Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if certain criteria are met.

(ii) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not recognized for:

• Temporary differences on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss;

• Temporary differences related to investments in subsidiaries and associates where the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is not probable that they will reverse it in the foreseeable future; and

• Taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill.

Deferred tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized; such reductions are reversed when the probability of future taxable profit improves.

Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used.

Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously.

Management of the Group regularly reviews its deferred tax assets for recoverability, taking into consideration all available evidence, both positive and negative, including historical pre-tax and taxable income, projected future pre-tax and taxable income and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. In arriving at these judgments, the weight given to the potential effect of all positive and negative evidence is commensurate with the extent to which it can be objectively verified.

Management believes the Group’s tax positions are in compliance with applicable tax laws and regulations. Tax benefits are recognized only for tax positions that are more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. The Group believes that its liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits, including related interest, are adequate in relation to the potential for additional tax assessments. There is a risk, however, that the amounts ultimately paid upon resolution of audits could be materially different from the amounts previously included in our income tax expense and, therefore, could have a material impact on our tax provision, net income and cash flows.

(iii) Uncertain tax positions

A provision for uncertain tax positions, including additional tax and interest expenses, is recognized when it is more probable than not that the Group will have to use its economic resources to pay the obligation.

F - 30

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

J. Agreements with the tax equity partner

Government grants related to distribution projects are not recognized until there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply with the conditions attaching to them and that the grants will be received.

CPV Group entered into an agreement with an entity that has a federal tax liability in the USA (hereinafter - the ”Tax Equity Partner”) for the purpose of financing the construction and operation of a photovoltaic project in the USA within a partnership owned and controlled by the Group (hereinafter - the “Project”). The project’s tax benefits include an Investment Tax Credit (“ITC"), and a proportionate share in the taxable income of the partnership (hereinafter - the “Tax Benefits”).

Future amounts that will be paid to the Tax Equity Partner out of the free cash flow for distribution constitute a financial liability, which is measured using an amortized cost model in accordance with the effective interest method. The tax credit is accounted for as a government grant, which is related to the acquisition of assets in accordance with the provisions of FRS 20. The Group opted to present the tax credit as a deferred income, under the other long-term liabilities line item, which will be amortized on a straight line basis over the useful life of the photovoltaic facilities. The amounts attributed to the Tax Equity Partner’s right to receive a proportionate share of the taxable income of the partnership are recognized as a non-financial liability, which is carried to profit and loss over a period of 5 years. Refer to Note 8, Note 16 and Note 18.4.d further information.

K. Operating segment and geographic information

The Company's CEO and CFO are considered to be the Group's chief operating decision maker ("CODM"). As of December 31, 2023, based on the internal financial information provided to the CODM, the Group has determined that it has three reportable segments, which are OPC Power Plants, CPV Group, and ZIM. These segments are based on the different services offered in different geographical locations and also based on how they are managed.

The following summary describes the Group’s reportable segments:

1. OPC Power Plants – OPC Power Plants Ltd. (“OPC Power Plants”) (formerly OPC Israel Energy Ltd.) is a wholly owned subsidiary of OPC Energy Ltd. (“OPC”), which generates and supply electricity and energy in Israel.

2. CPV Group – CPV Group LP (“CPV Group”) is a limited partnership owned by OPC, which generates and supply electricity and energy in the United States.

3. ZIM – ZIM Integrated Shipping Services, Ltd., an associated company, is an Israeli global container shipping company.

In addition to the segments detailed above, the Group has other activities, such as investment holding categorized as Others.

Apart from ZIM, the CODM evaluates the operating segments performance based on Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as the net income (loss) excluding depreciation and amortization, financing income, financing expenses, income taxes and other items. The CODM evaluates segment assets based on total assets and segment liabilities based on total liabilities.

The CODM evaluates the operating segment performance of ZIM based on share of results and dividends received.

The accounting policies used in the determination of the segment amounts are the same as those used in the preparation of the Group's consolidated financial statements, Inter-segment pricing is determined based on transaction prices occurring in the ordinary course of business.

In determining the information to be presented on a geographical basis, revenue is based on the geographic location of the customer and non-current assets are based on the geographic location of the assets.

F - 31

Note 3 – Material Accounting Policies (Cont’d)

L. New standards and interpretations not yet adopted

A number of new standards and-- amendments to standards and interpretations are effective for annual periods beginning after January 1, 2023 and have not been applied in preparing these consolidated financial statements. The following amended standards and interpretations are not expected to have a significant impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements:

a) Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current (Amendments to FRS 1)

b) Supplier Finance Arrangements (Amendments to FRS 7 and FRS 107)

c) Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback (Amendments to FRS 116)

d) Lack of Exchangeability (Amendments to FRS 21)

Note 4 – Determination of Fair Value

A. Derivatives and Long-term investment (Qoros)

See Note 28 Financial Instruments.

B. Non-derivative financial liabilities

Non-derivative financial liabilities are measured at their respective fair values, at initial recognition and for disclosure purposes, at each reporting date. Fair value for disclosure purposes, is determined based on the quoted trading price in the market for traded debentures, whereas for non-traded loans, debentures and other financial liabilities is determined by discounting the future cash flows in respect of the principal and interest component using the market interest rate as of the date of the report.

C. Fair value of equity-accounted investments (ZIM)

The fair value of equity-accounted investments may be accounted for based on:

1. the investment as a whole; or

2. each individual share making up the investment.

In determining the fair value of equity-accounted investments, the Group has elected to account for as an individual share making up the investment and that no premium is added to the fair value of equity-accounted investments.

Note 5 – Cash and Cash Equivalents

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Cash and cash equivalents in banks		537,478		361,580
Time deposits		159,360		173,591
		696,838		535,171

The Group held cash and cash equivalents which are of investment grade based on Standard and Poor’s Ratings.

Note 6 – Short-Term Deposits and Restricted Cash

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Short-term deposits with bank and others		-		35,662
Short-term restricted cash		532		10,328
		532		45,990

The Group held short-term deposits and restricted cash which are of investment grade based on Standard and Poor’s Ratings.

F - 32

Note 7 – Other Investments

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Debt investments - at FVOCI		215,797		344,780

The Group held debt investments at FVOCI which are of investment grade based on Standard and Poor’s Ratings and have stated interest rates of 0.25% to 7.625% (2022: 0.26% to 5.94%) with an average maturity of 2 years (2022: 2 years). These debt investments are expected to be realized within the next 12 months.

Information about the Group’s exposure to credit and market risks, and fair value measurement, is included in Note 28 Financial Instruments.

Note 8 – Other Current Assets

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Advances to suppliers		-		1,219
Prepaid expenses		12,909		10,004
Input tax receivable		8,291		4,660
Grant receivable (1)		74,522		-
Deposits in connection with projects under construction (2)		3,755		35,475
Others		12,226		7,598
		111,703		58,956

(1) See Note 18.A.4.d for more information.

(2) Collateral provided to secure a hedging agreement in CPV Valley amounting to $20 million and collaterals provided in connection with renewable energy projects under development in the United States amounting to $15 million in 2022 were released during the year.

F - 33

Note 9 – Investment in Associated Companies

A. Condensed information regarding significant associated companies

 1. Condensed financial information with respect to the statement of financial position

							CPV						CPV						CPV						CPV						CPV						CPV
	ZIM						Fairview						Maryland						Shore						Towantic						Valley						Three Rivers
	As at December 31,
	2023			2022			2023			2022			2023			2022			2023			2022			2023			2022			2023			2022			2023			2022
	$ Thousands
Principal place of business	International						US						US						US						US						US						US
Proportion of ownership interest		21%			21%			25%			25%			25%			25%			37.5%			37.5%			26%			26%			50%			50%			10%			10%
Current assets		2,571,400			4,271,600			44,500			98,942			46,586			73,985			54,014			92,808			74,591			86,698			48,015			59,191			52,425			32,626
Non-current assets		5,774,600			7,353,700			911,763			938,869			650,720			654,720			935,750			983,576			880,572			936,268			673,339			678,540			1,393,984			1,338,392
Current liabilities		(2,518,100	)		(2,662,200	)		(64,909	)		(166,468	)		(64,155	)		(73,883	)		(64,360	)		(53,619	)		(201,226	)		(133,746	)		(105,317	)		(542,176	)		(120,546	)		(47,939	)
Non-current liabilities		(3,369,900	)		(3,067,200	)		(344,274	)		(400,309	)		(314,069	)		(320,518	)		(645,995	)		(649,860	)		(222,946	)		(490,610	)		(371,771	)		(6,450	)		(711,571	)		(820,943	)
Total net assets		2,458,000			5,895,900			547,080			471,034			319,082			334,304			279,409			372,905			530,991			398,610			244,266			189,105			614,292			502,136
Group's share of net assets		507,019			1,217,797			136,770			117,759			79,771			83,576			104,862			139,951			138,058			103,639			122,133			94,553			62,370			60,609
Adjustments:
Excess cost		150,884			138,071			79,018			80,414			(13,943	)		(14,396	)		(48,999	)		(52,777	)		26,561			26,615			(503	)		(806	)		8,368			8,379
Total impairment loss		(928,809	)		(928,809	)		-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-
Unrecognised losses*		270,906			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-			-
Book value of investment		-			427,059			215,788			198,173			65,828			69,180			55,863			87,174			164,619			130,254			121,630			93,747			70,738			68,988
Investments in associated companies		-			427,059			215,788			198,173			65,828			69,180			55,863			87,174			164,619			130,254			121,630			93,747			70,738			68,988

As of December 31, 2023, the Group also has interests in a number of individually immaterial associates.

*  As of December 31, 2023, additional share of losses of $271 million were unrecognized as the carrying amount of ZIM has been reduced to zero.

F - 34

Note 9 – Investment in Associated Companies (Cont’d)

2. Condensed financial information with respect to results of operations

										CPV									CPV							CPV							CPV								CPV							CPV
	ZIM**									Fairview									Maryland							Shore							Towantic								Valley							Three Rivers
	For the year ended December 31,
	2023			2022			2021			2023			2022			2021			2023			2022		2021		2023			2022		2021		2023			2022			2021		2023		2022		2021			2023			2022			2021
	$ Thousands
Revenue		5,162,200			12,561,600			10,728,698			273,763			373,967			199,030			238,800			243,710		170,292		134,805			261,386		189,985		395,779			494,665			258,292		239,165		405,548		139,473			145,380			(2,722	)		174
Loss/income*		(2,695,600	)		4,619,400			4,640,305			106,110			98,907			9,666			23,956			33,249		5,420		(74,767	)		6,853		16,247		163,651			47,436			18,520		32,527		69,138		(58,793	)		603			(7,934	)		(9,281	)
Other comprehensive income *		12,300			(41,200	)		(3,462	)		(17,066	)		15,730			11,192			(25,678	)		6,419		10,983		(18,728	)		16,301		7,779		(31,270	)		22,616			11,140		22,637		1,178		3,710			(12,310	)		53,814			19,361
Total comprehensive income		(2,683,300	)		4,578,200			4,636,843			89,044			114,637			20,858			(1,722	)		39,668		16,403		(93,495	)		23,154		24,026		132,381			70,052			29,660		55,164		70,316		(55,083	)		(11,707	)		45,880			10,080
Kenon’s share of comprehensive income		(279,236	)		1,023,567			1,258,913			22,261			28,659			5,214			(431	)		9,917		4,101		(35,089	)		8,690		9,017		34,419			18,214			7,711		27,582		35,158		(27,542	)		(1,171	)		4,588			1,008
Adjustments		13,190			558			1,116			(1,928	)		(1,267	)		(1,249	)		453			458		2,354		3,777			3,554		3,644		(54	)		(184	)		50		301		413		681			(11	)		-			-
Kenon’s share of comprehensive income presented in the books		(266,046	)		1,024,125			1,260,029			20,333			27,392			3,965			22			10,375		6,455		(31,312	)		12,244		12,661		34,365			18,030			7,761		27,883		35,571		(26,861	)		(1,182	)		4,588			1,008

*         Excludes portion attributable to non-controlling interest.

**       As of December 31, 2023, additional share of losses of $271 million were unrecognized as the carrying amount of ZIM has been reduced to zero.

F - 35

Note 9 – Investment in Associated Companies (Cont’d)

B. Additional information

a. ZIM

 1. Financial position

As of December 31, 2023, ZIM’s total equity amounted to $2.5 billion (2022: $5.9 billion) and its working capital amounted to $53 million (2022: $1.6 billion). During the year ended December 31, 2023, ZIM recorded operating loss of $2.5 billion (2022: operating profit of $6.1 billion; 2021: operating profit of $5.8 billion) and net loss of $2.7 billion (2022: net profit of $4.6 billion; 2021: net profit of $4.6 billion).

		For the year ended December 31,
		2023			2022			2021
	Note	$ Thousands			$ Thousands			$ Thousands
Gain on dilution from ZIM IPO	9.B.a.2	-			-			9,724
Loss on dilution from ZIM options exercised	9.B.a.3		(860	)		(3,475	)		(39,438	)
Gain on sale of ZIM shares	9.B.a.4		-			204,634			29,510
(Impairment)/write back of ZIM investment	9.B.a.5		-			(928,809			-
			(860	)		(727,650	)		(204	)

 2. Initial public offering

In February 2021, ZIM completed its initial public offering (“IPO”) of 15,000,000 ordinary shares (including shares issued upon the exercise of the underwriters’ option), for gross consideration of $225 million (before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions or other offering expenses). ZIM’s ordinary shares began trading on the NYSE on January 28, 2021.

Prior to the IPO, ZIM obtained waivers from its notes holders, subject to the completion of ZIM’s IPO, by which certain requirements and limitations in respect of repurchase of debt, incurrences of debt, vessel financing, reporting requirements and dividend distributions, were relieved or removed.

As a result of the IPO, Kenon’s interest in ZIM was diluted from 32% to 28%. Following the IPO, Kenon recognized a gain on dilution of $10 million in its consolidated financial statements in 2021.

 3. Exercise of ZIM options

In 2023, ZIM issued approximately 137 thousand (2022: 407 thousand; 2021: 5.2 million) shares as a result of options being exercised. As a result of the issuance, Kenon recognized a loss on dilution of approximately $1 million (2022: $3 million, 2021: $39 million) in its consolidated financial statements.

 4. Sales of ZIM shares

Between September and November 2021, Kenon sold approximately 1.2 million ZIM shares at an average price of $58 per share for a total consideration of approximately $67 million. As a result, Kenon recognized a gain on sale of approximately $30 million in its consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2021, as a result of the sales of ZIM shares and the issuance of new shares described in Note 9.B.a.3, Kenon’s interest in ZIM reduced from 28% to 26%.

In March 2022, Kenon sold approximately 6 million ZIM shares at an average price of $77 per share for total consideration of approximately $463 million. As a result of the sale, Kenon recognized a gain on sale of approximately $205 million in its consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, as a result of the sales of ZIM shares and the issuance of new shares described in Note 9.B.a.3, Kenon’s interest in ZIM reduced from 26% to 21%.

F - 36

Note 9 – Investment in Associated Companies (Cont’d)

 5. Impairment assessment

For the purposes of Kenon’s impairment assessment of its investment, ZIM is considered one CGU, which consists of all of ZIM’s operating assets. The recoverable amount is based on the higher of the value-in-use and the fair value less cost of disposal (“FVLCOD”).

Year Ended December 31, 2023

As of December 31, 2023, the carrying amount of ZIM has been reduced to zero after taking into account the equity accounted losses of ZIM and therefore, no assessment of further impairment of ZIM was necessary. Further, as of December 31, 2023, Kenon did not identify any objective evidence that the previously recognized impairment loss no longer exists or the previously assessed impairment amount may have decreased, and therefore, in accordance with FRS 36, no reversal of impairment was recognized.

Year Ended December 31, 2022

Kenon identified indicators of impairment in accordance with FRS 28 as a result of a significant decrease in ZIM’s market capitalization towards the end of 2022. Therefore, the carrying value of Kenon’s investment in ZIM was tested for impairment in accordance with FRS 36.

Kenon assessed the fair value of ZIM to be its market value as of December 31, 2022 and also assessed that, based solely on publicly available information within the current volatile shipping industry, no reasonable VIU calculation could be performed. As a result, Kenon concluded that the recoverable amount of its investment in ZIM is the market value. ZIM is accounted for as an individual share making up the investment and therefore no premium is added to the fair value of ZIM. Kenon measures the recoverable amount based on FVLCOD, measured at Level 1 fair value measurement under FRS 113.

Given that market value is below carrying value Kenon recognized an impairment of $929 million.

Year Ended December 31, 2021

Kenon did not identify any objective evidence that its net investment in ZIM was impaired as of 31 December 31, 2021 and therefore, in accordance with FRS 28, no assessment of the recoverable amount of ZIM was performed.

C. OPC’s associated companies

				Ownership interest as at December 31
	Note		Main location of company's activities	2023			2022
CPV Valley Holdings, LLC		9.C.1	New York		50	%		50	%
CPV, Three Rivers, LLC			Illinois		10	%		10	%
CPV Fairview, LLC			Pennsylvania		25	%		25	%
CPV Maryland, LLC			Maryland		25	%		25	%
CPV Shore Holdings, LLC			New Jersey		38	%		38	%
CPV Towantic, LLC			Connecticut		26	%		26	%

 1. CPV Valley Holdings, LLC (“CPV Valley”)

CPV Valley’s financial statements as of December 31, 2022 included a disclosure of circumstances related to CPV Valley's ability to repay its liabilities under its credit agreement of over $400 million at the repayment date of the liabilities, i.e. June 30, 2023.

During 2023, CPV Valley’s financing agreement was amended and extended to May 31, 2026. On the signing date of the new financing agreement, CPV Valley repaid $55 million of the financing arrangement, of which shareholders’ loans of $17 million were extended to CPV Valley from OPC. Subsequently, the total loan amount under the new financing agreement is $415 million.

F - 37

Note 10 – Long-term investment (Qoros)

			For the year ended December 31,
			2023		2022		2021
	Note		$ Thousands
Fair value loss on remaining 12% interest in Qoros		10.3, 10.5		-		-		(235,218	)
Payment of financial guarantee		10.6		-		-		(16,265	)
				-		-		(251,483	)

1. As of December 31, 2023, the Group holds a 12% (2022: 12%) equity interest in Qoros through a wholly-owned and controlled company, Quantum (2007) LLC (“Quantum”). Chery Automobiles Limited (“Chery”), a Chinese automobile manufacturer, holds a 25% (2022: 25%) equity interest and the remaining 63% (2022: 63%) interest is held by an entity related to the Baoneng Group (“New Qoros Investor” or “New Strategic Partner”).

2. Qoros introduced a New Strategic Partner

In January 2018, the New Qoros Investor purchased 51% of Qoros from Kenon and Chery for RMB 3.315 billion (approximately $504 million), resulting in Kenon’s and Chery’s interest in Qoros dropping from 50% each to 24% and 25%, respectively. This was part of an investment structure (“Investment Agreement”) to invest a total of approximately RMB 6.63 billion (approximately $1,002 million) by the New Qoros Investor. The Investment Agreement provided Kenon with a put option over its remaining equity interest in Qoros.

3. Kenon sells down from 24% to 12%

In January 2019, Kenon, on behalf of its wholly owned subsidiary Quantum (2007) LLC, announced that it had entered into an agreement to sell half (12%) of its remaining interest (24%) in Qoros to the New Qoros Investor for RMB1,560 million (approximately $220 million), which was based on the same post-investment valuation as the initial investment by the New Qoros Investor. In April 2020, Kenon completed the sale of this half of its remaining interest in Qoros and received payment of RMB1,560 million (approximately $220 million). Kenon recognized a gain of approximately $153 million from the sale of its 12% interest in Qoros and the derecognition of the current portion of the put option pertaining to the 12% interest sold.

Subsequent to the sale, the remaining 12% interest in Qoros was accounted for on a fair value basis through profit and loss and, together with the non-current portion of the put option pertaining to the remaining 12% interest (see Note 10.2), was reclassified in the statement of financial position as a long-term investment (Qoros).

4. Agreement to sell remaining 12% interest

In April 2021, Quantum entered into an agreement with the New Qoros Investor to sell all of its remaining 12% interest in Qoros. The total purchase price is RMB1.56 billion (approximately $245 million).

To date, the New Qoros Investor has failed to make any of the required payments under this agreement.

In the fourth quarter of 2021, Kenon started arbitration proceedings against the New Qoros Investor for breach of the agreement and Kenon also started litigation proceedings against the New Qoros Investor with regards to the New Qoros Investor’s obligations to Kenon’s pledged shares in relation to Qoros’ RMB 1.2 billion loan (as described below). As of December 31, 2023, the court proceedings are still ongoing.

As a result of the payment delay, Quantum had exercised the Put Option it has to sell its remaining shares to the New Qoros Investor.

5. Fair value assessment

In September 2021, in light of the events described above, Kenon performed an assessment of the fair value of the long-term investment (Qoros) under FRS 113 Fair value measurement. Kenon concluded that the fair value of the long-term investment (Qoros) is zero. Therefore, in 2021 Kenon recognized a fair value loss of $235 million in its consolidated financial statements for the year ended 2021. There were no significant changes in circumstances in 2023 as compared to 2021, therefore, management has assessed that there is no change in fair value of Qoros.

F - 38

Note 10 – Long-term investment (Qoros) (Cont’d)

6. Financial Guarantees Provision and Releases

Following completion of the transaction in 2019 as described in Note 10.3, the New Qoros Investor assumed its proportionate obligations with respect to the Qoros loans. As a result of this and repayments by Qoros in relation to its loans, Chery’s obligations under the loan guarantees were reduced. As of December 31, 2020, Kenon’s back-to-back guarantee obligations to Chery were reduced to approximately $16 million.

In the fourth quarter of 2021, Chery paid the full amount of its guarantee obligations. Kenon paid $16 million to Chery and recognized a corresponding $16 million expense in its consolidated statements of profit and loss. Following this payment, Kenon does not have any remaining guarantee obligations with respect to Qoros debt.

As of December 31, 2023, Kenon has pledged substantially all of its interests in Qoros to secure Qoros’ RMB 1.2 billion loan facility. The New Qoros Investor was required to assume its pro rata share of pledge obligations. It has not yet provided all such pledges but has provided Kenon with a guarantee in respect of its pro rata share, and up to all, of Quantum's pledge obligations.

7. Restrictions

Qoros has restrictions with respect to distribution of dividends and sale of assets deriving from legal and regulatory restrictions, restrictions under the joint venture agreement and the Articles of Association and restrictions stemming from credit received.

Note 11 – Subsidiaries

A. Investments

OPC Energy Ltd.

OPC is a publicly-traded company whose securities are listed on the TASE. OPC is engaged in three reportable segments:

i. generation and supply of electricity and energy (electricity, steam and charging services for electric vehicles) in Israel to private customers, Israel Electric Company (“IEC”) and Noga – The Israel Independent System Operator Ltd. (“System Operator” or “Noga’), including initiation, development, construction and operation of power plants and facilities for energy generation;

ii. generation and supply of electricity and energy in the United States using renewable energy, including development, construction and management of renewable energy power plants; and

iii. generation and supply of electricity and energy in the United States using conventional (natural gas) power plants, including development, construction and management of conventional energy power plants in the United States.

Material subsidiaries

Set forth below are details regarding OPC’s material subsidiaries:

				Ownership interest as at December 31
	Note		Main location of company's activities	2023			2022
OPC Power Plants Ltd.		11.A.1	Israel		80	%		100	%
OPC Holdings Israel Ltd.		11.A.2	Israel		80	%		-
CPV Group LP		11.A.3	USA		70	%		70	%

1. OPC Power Plants Ltd. (“OPC Power Plants”)

OPC Power Plants, directly holds most of OPC’s businesses in Israel, such as OPC Rotem Ltd. (“OPC Rotem”), OPC Hadera Ltd. (“OPC Hadera”), Tzomet Energy Ltd. (“OPC Tzomet”), OPC Sorek 2 Ltd. (“OPC Sorek 2”) and OPC Gat Power Plant (“Gat Partnership”). These businesses are mainly engaged in the generation and supply of electricity and energy, mainly to private customers and to the System Operator, and in the development, construction and operation in Israel of power plants and energy generation facilities powered using natural gas and renewable energy.

F - 39

Note 11 – Subsidiaries (Cont’d)

1.1 OPC Gat Power Plant (“Gat Partnership”)

On March 30, 2023, the transaction between OPC Power Plants, together with Dor Alon Energy in Israel (1988) Ltd. (“Dor Alon”), and Dor Alon Gas Power Plants Limited Partnership (the “Seller”) for purchase of the rights in a power plant located in Kiryat Gat Industrial Zone (“Gat Partnership”) was completed, and all rights in the Gat Partnership were transferred to OPC.

The transaction was completed for a consideration of NIS 870 million (approximately $242 million), after adjustments to working capital. Consideration of NIS 270 million (approximately $75 million) were paid to acquire all the rights in the Gat Partnership, and consideration of NIS 303 million (approximately $84 million) were used to repay the shareholders’ loan. The remaining consideration of NIS 300 million (approximately $83 million) represents a deferred consideration that was paid in 2023.

Determination of provisional fair value of identified assets and liabilities

The acquisition of the Gat Partnership was accounted for according to the provisions of FRS 103 - “Business Combinations”. On the Transaction Completion Date, OPC included the net assets of the Gat Partnership in accordance with their fair value.

As of the approval date of the financial statements, OPC has yet to complete the attribution of acquisition cost to the identifiable assets and liabilities. As a result, some of the fair value data are provisional and there may be changes that will affect the data included below. Set forth below is the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired (according to provisional amounts):

	$ Million
Cash and cash equivalents		1
Trade and other receivables		6
Property, plant, and equipment - facilities and electricity generation and supply license (1)		172
Property, plant, and equipment - land owned by the Gat Partnership (2)		23
Trade and other payables		(7	)
Loans from former right holders (3)		(84	)
Deferred tax liabilities		(19	)
Identifiable assets, net		92
Goodwill (4)		61
Total consideration (5)		153

(1) The Group applied FRS 103 and allocate the fair value of the facilities and the electricity supply license to a single asset. The fair value was determined by an independent appraiser using the income approach, the MultiPeriod Excess Earning Method. The valuation methodology included several key assumptions that constituted the basis for cash flow forecasts, including, among other things, electricity and gas prices, and nominal post-tax discount rate of 8%-8.75%. The said assets are amortized over 27 years from the acquisition date, considering an expected residual value at the end of the assets’ useful life.

(2) The fair value of the land was determined by an external and independent land appraiser using the discounted cash flow technique (the discount rate used is 8%).

(3) The loans were repaid immediately after the acquisition date.

(4) The goodwill arising as part of the business combination reflects the synergy between the activity of the Gat Partnership and the Rotem Power Plant.

(5) The consideration includes a cash payment of NIS 270 million (approximately $75 million) plus deferred consideration, whose present value is estimated at NIS 285 million (approximately $79 million).

The aggregate cash flows that were used by the Group as a result of the acquisition transaction:

	$ Million
Cash and other cash equivalents paid (excluding consideration used to repay shareholders' loan)		152
Cash and other cash equivalents acquired		(1	)
		151

F - 40

Note 11 – Subsidiaries (Cont’d)

2. OPC Holdings Israel Ltd. (“OPC Holdings Israel”)

In May 2022, OPC had entered into an agreement with Veridis Power Plants (“Veridis”) to form OPC Holdings Israel Ltd. (“OPC Holdings Israel”), which will hold and operate all of OPC's business activities in the energy and electricity generation and supply sectors in Israel (“Veridis Transaction”).

Upon completion of the Veridis Transaction in 2023, OPC transferred to OPC Holdings Israel, among other things, its 80% interest in OPC Rotem, its interest in Gnrgy Ltd., as well as other operations in Israel including OPC Hadera, OPC Tzomet, OPC Sorek, energy generation facilities on consumers’ premises and virtual electricity supply activities, and Veridis transferred its 20% interests in OPC Rotem to OPC Holdings Israel. In addition, Veridis invested approximately NIS 452 million (approximately $129 million) in cash in OPC Holdings Israel (after adjustments to the original transaction amount which totaled NIS 425 million (approximately $125 million)), of which approximately NIS 400 million (approximately $118 million) was used by OPC Rotem to repay a portion of the shareholders’ loans provided to OPC Rotem in 2021 by OPC and Veridis.

As a result of the Veridis Transaction, OPC holds 80% and Veridis holds the remaining 20% of OPC Holdings Israel, which holds 100% of the business activities in the energy and electricity generation and supply sectors in Israel transferred by OPC.

The Veridis transaction is accounted for in accordance with the provisions of FRS 110 – “Consolidated Financial Statements”. Accordingly, all differences between the cash received from Veridis as stated above and the increase in the non-controlling interests were recognized in capital reserve from transactions with non-controlling interests.

3. CPV Group LP (“CPV Group”)

CPV Group is engaged in the development, construction and management of power plants using renewable energy and conventional energy (power plants running on natural gas of the advanced‑generation combined‑cycle type) in the United States. The CPV Group holds rights in active power plants that it initiated and developed – both in the area of conventional energy and in the area of renewable energy. In addition, through an asset management group the CPV Group is engaged in provision of management services to power plants in the United States using a range of technologies and fuel types, by means of signing asset‑management agreements, usually for short to medium periods. Refer to Note 9.C for further details on associates of CPV Group.

4. OPC Power Ventures LP (“OPC Power”)

In October 2020, OPC signed a partnership agreement (the “Partnership Agreement” and the “Partnership”, where applicable) with three financial entities to form OPC Power, whereby the limited partners in the Partnership are OPC which holds a 70% interest, Clal Insurance Group which holds a 12.75% interest, Migdal Insurance Group which holds a 12.75% interest, and a corporation from Poalim Capital Markets which holds a 4.5% interest.

The General Partner of the Partnership, a wholly-owned company of OPC, will manage the Partnership’s business as its General Partner, with certain material actions (or which may involve a conflict of interest between the General Partner and the limited partners), requiring approval of a majority a of special majority (according to the specific action) of the institutional investors which are limited partners. The General Partner is entitled to management fees and success fees subject to meeting certain achievements.

OPC also entered into an agreement with entities from the Migdal Insurance Group with respect to their holdings in the Partnership, whereby OPC granted said entities a put option, and they granted OPC a call option (to the extent that the put option is not exercised), which is exercisable after 10 years in certain circumstances.

The total investment undertakings and provision of shareholders’ loans provided by all partners under the Partnership Agreement pro rata to the holdings discussed above is $1,215 million. The amount is designated for acquisition of all the rights in the CPV Group and for financing additional investments.

F - 41

Note 11 – Subsidiaries (Cont’d)

In 2021, OPC and the holders of the non-controlling interests provided OPC Power in partnership capital and loans of approximately $657 million and $204 million respectively. The loans are denominated in dollars and bear interest at an annual rate of 7%. The loan principal is repayable at any time, but not later than January 2028. The accrued interest is to be paid on a quarterly basis. To the extent the payment made by OPC Power is lower than the amount of the accrued interest, the payment in respect of the balance will be postponed to the next quarter, but not later than January 2028. In January 2021, the loans and rights of OPC Power were subsequently transferred to ICG Energy, Inc. OPC Power holds 99.99% of the CPV Group, and the remaining interest is held by the General Partner of the Partnership.

In 2022, the Limited Partners in the Partnership provided OPC Power with equity investments totaling $122 million (NIS 409 million) and provided it with loans for a total amount of $38 million (NIS 127 million), respectively, each in accordance with its proportionate share. As December 31, 2022, total investments in the Partnership’s equity and the outstanding balance of the loans (including accrued interest) amount to $779 million (approximately NIS 2,741 million), and $271 million (approximately NIS 953 million), respectively.

In 2023, OPC and non-controlling interests made equity investments in the partnership OPC Power Ventures LP (both directly and indirectly) of NIS 565 million (approximately $150 million), and extended NIS 175 million (approximately $45 million) in loans, based on their stake in the partnership. In September 2023, after utilizing the entire investment commitment and shareholder loans in July 2023, the facility was increased by $100 million (OPC’s share in the facility is $70 million).

5. Acquisition of CPV Group

On January 25, 2021 (“Transaction Completion Date”), the Group acquired 70% of the rights and holdings in CPV Power Holdings LP; Competitive Power Ventures Inc.; and CPV Renewable Energy Company Inc through the limited partnership, CPV Group LP (the “Buyer”). For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Group’s consolidated results comprised results of the CPV Group from Transaction Completion Date through to year end.

On the Transaction Completion Date, in accordance with the mechanism for determination of the consideration as defined in the acquisition agreement, the Buyer paid the sellers approximately $648 million, and about $5 million for a deposit which remains in the CPV Group.

OPC partially hedged its exposure to changes in the cash flows from payments in US dollars in connection with the agreement for acquisition of the CPV Group by means of forward transactions and dollar deposits. OPC chose to designate the forward transactions as an accounting hedge. On the Transaction Completion Date, OPC recorded an amount of approximately NIS 103 million (approximately $32 million) that was accrued in a hedge capital reserve to the investment cost in the CPV Group.

The contribution of the CPV Group to the Group’s revenue and consolidated loss from the acquisition date until December 31, 2021 amounted to $51 million and $47 million, respectively.

Following the acquisition of CPV Group, the fair value of identifiable assets and liabilities as of the acquisition date had been determined to be $580 million. Accordingly, goodwill of $105 million (including goodwill arising from hedging) was recognized, which reflects the potential of future activities of CPV Group in the market in which it operates.

6. Acquisition of Mountain Wind Power Plant

In January 2023, CPV Group through its 100% owned subsidiary entered into an agreement to acquire all rights in four operating wind-powered electricity power plants in Maine, United States, with an aggregate capacity of 81.5 MW.

On April 5, 2023, the transaction was completed and CPV Group received all rights in the Mountain Wind Project for consideration of $175 million.

F - 42

Note 11 – Subsidiaries (Cont’d)

Determination of fair value of identified assets and liabilities

The acquisition of the Mountain Wind Project was accounted for according to the provisions of FRS 103 - “Business Combinations”. On the Transaction Completion Date, OPC included the net assets of the Mountain Wind Project in accordance with their fair value.

Set forth below is the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired:

	$ Million
Trade and other receivables		4
Property, plant, and equipment (1)		127
Intangible assets (1)		26
Trade and other payables		(1	)
Liabilities in respect of evacuation and removal		(2	)
Identifiable assets, net		154
Goodwill (2)		21
Total consideration		175

(1) The fair value was determined using the discounted cash flow method. The valuation methodology included a number of key assumptions that constituted the basis for cash flow forecasts, including, among other things, electricity and gas prices, and nominal post-tax discount rate of 5.75% - 6.25%. Intangible assets are amortized over 13 to 17 years, and property, plant, and equipment items are depreciated over 20 to 29 years.

(2) The goodwill in the transaction reflects the business potential of the Group’s entry into the renewable energies market in New England, USA. CPV Group expects that the entire amount of the goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes.

7. Issuances of new shares by OPC

In February 2021, OPC issued to Altshuler Shaham Ltd. and entities managed by Altschuler Shalam (collectively, the “Offerees”), 10,300,000 ordinary shares of NIS 0.01 par value each. The price of the shares issued to the Offerees was NIS 34 per ordinary share, and the gross proceeds from the issuance was about NIS 350 million (approximately $106 million). The issuance expenses were about NIS 4 million (approximately $1 million). Accordingly, the Group recognized $63 million in non-controlling interests and $42 million in accumulated profits arising from changes in the Group’s proportionate share of OPC.

In July 2022, OPC issued to the public 9,443,800 ordinary shares of NIS0.01 par value each. The issuance was carried out by way of uniform offering with a quantity range, and a tender for the unit price and quantity. Gross issuance proceeds amounted to NIS 331 million (approximately $94 million), and issuance expenses were approximately NIS 9 million (approximately $2 million). Kenon took part in the issuance, and was issued 3,898,000 ordinary shares for a gross amount of $39 million.

In September 2022, OPC issued to qualified investors 12,500,000 ordinary shares of NIS 0.01 par value each. Gross issuance proceeds amounted to NIS 500 million (approximately $141 million), and issuance expenses were approximately NIS 6 million (approximately $1 million). Kenon did not take part in the issuance.

Following completion of the share issuances in 2022, Kenon registered a decrease of 4% in equity interest in OPC from 59% to 55%. Accordingly, the Group recognized $136 million in non-controlling interests and $58 million in accumulated profits arising from changes in the Group’s proportionate share of OPC.

F - 43

Note 11 – Subsidiaries (Cont’d)

8. Rights issuance

In September 2021, OPC issued rights to purchase 13,174,419 ordinary OPC shares of NIS 0.01 per value each (hereinafter - the “Rights”), in connection with the development and expansion of OPC’s activity in the USA. The Rights were offered such that each holder of ordinary shares of OPC who held 43 ordinary shares was entitled to purchase one right unit comprising of three shares at a price of NIS 75 (NIS 25 per share). Through the deadline for exercising the rights, notices of exercise were received for the purchase of 13,141,040 ordinary shares (constituting approximately 99.7% of the total shares offered in the rights offering). The gross proceeds from the exercised rights amounted to approximately NIS 329 million (approximately $102 million).

In October 2021, Kenon exercised rights for the purchase of approximately 8 million shares for total consideration of approximately NIS 206 million (approximately $64 million), which included its pro rata share and additional rights it purchased during the rights trading period plus the cost to purchase these additional rights. As a result, Kenon then held approximately 58.8% of the outstanding shares of OPC. Accordingly, the Group recognized $41 million in non-controlling interests and $60 million in accumulated profits arising from changes in the Group’s proportionate share of OPC.

Following completion of the share issuance as described in Note 11.7 and the above rights issuances in 2021, Kenon registered a decrease in equity interest in OPC from 59% to 55%. Accordingly, the Group recognized $104 million in non-controlling interests and $38 million in accumulated profits arising from changes in the Group’s proportionate share of OPC.

9. Dividends

Following the growth strategy adopted by OPC and the expansion of operation targets in recent years, taking into account OPC’s financial strength, from March 2024, OPC’s dividend distribution policy will be suspended for two years. After the said suspension period, the Board of Directors will discuss the possible resumption of the dividend distribution policy and its applicability to the circumstances, if any.

F - 44

Note 11 – Subsidiaries (Cont’d)

B. The following table summarizes the information relating to the Group’s subsidiary in 2023, 2022 and 2021 that has material NCI:

	As at and for the year ended December 31,
	2023			2022			2021
	OPC Energy Ltd.			OPC Energy Ltd.			OPC Energy Ltd.
	$ Thousands
NCI percentage *		59.88	%		56.20	%		53.14	%
Current assets		460,810			419,636			346,380
Non-current assets		3,018,434			2,289,101			2,141,744
Current liabilities		(353,735	)		(184,418	)		(230,518	)
Non-current liabilities		(1,679,847	)		(1,283,445	)		(1,341,962	)
Net assets		1,445,662			1,240,874			915,644
Carrying amount of NCI		865,676			697,433			486,598
Revenue		691,796			573,957			487,763
Profit/(loss) after tax		46,955			65,352			(93,898	)
Other comprehensive income		(38,017	)		(11,249	)		74,219
Profit/(loss) attributable to NCI		25,030			37,007			(54,022	)
OCI attributable to NCI		(24,624	)		(568	)		33,661
Cash flows from operating activities		134,973			62,538			119,264
Cash flows used in  investing activities		(594,303	)		(328,610	)		(256,200	)
Cash flows from financing activites excluding dividends paid to NCI		503,245			285,898			311,160
Dividends paid to NCI		-			-			(10,214	)
Effect of changes in the exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents		(7,435	)		(13,545	)		6,717
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		36,480			6,281			170,727

* The NCI percentage represents the effective NCI of the Group

F - 45

Note 12 – Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

A. Composition

	Roads, buildings and leasehold improvements			Facilities, machinery and equipment			Wind turbines			Office furniture and equipment			Assets under construction			Other			Total
	$ Thousands
Cost
Balance at January 1, 2022		83,956			792,275			29,844			414			409,780			48,142			1,364,411
Additions		3,442			18,657			191			(8	)		185,938			46,025			254,245
Disposals		(160	)		(13,007	)		(43	)		-			(1,969	)		(12,769	)		(27,948	)
Reclassification		-			-			-			-			3			(3	)		-
Differences in translation reserves		(9,633	)		(75,558	)		-			-			(41,164	)		(6,016	)		(132,371	)
Balance at December 31, 2022		77,605			722,367			29,992			406			552,588			75,379			1,458,337
Additions		2,915			3,977			-			5			269,502			34,800			311,199
Disposals		(590	)		(3,841	)		-			-			(11,235	)		(39,960	)		(55,626	)
Reclassification		9,316			334,132			160,666			-			(504,114	)		-			-
Acquisitions through business combination		23,667			159,036			126,200			-			-			6,307			315,210
Differences in translation reserves		(1,584	)		(13,265	)		-			-			(16,371	)		(1,308	)		(32,528	)
Balance at December 31, 2023		111,329			1,202,406			316,858			411			290,370			75,218			1,996,592
Accumulated depreciation
Balance at January 1, 2022		18,148			219,637			563			243			-			-			238,591
Additions		3,864			37,057			1,109			80			-			-			42,110
Disposals		(10	)		(13,007	)		(21	)		(8	)		-			-			(13,046	)
Differences in translation reserves		(3,557	)		(28,182	)		-			-			-			-			(31,739	)
Balance at December 31, 2022		18,445			215,505			1,651			315			-			-			235,916
Additions		3,993			47,661			5,007			81			-			-			56,742
Disposals		(235	)		(4,426	)		-			-			-			-			(4,661	)
Differences in translation reserves		(471	)		(5,759	)		-			-			-			-			(6,230	)
Balance at December 31, 2023		21,732			252,981			6,658			396			-			-			281,767
Carrying amounts
At January 1, 2022		65,808			572,638			29,281			171			409,780			48,142			1,125,820
At December 31, 2022		59,160			506,862			28,341			91			552,588			75,379			1,222,421
At December 31, 2023		89,597			949,425			310,200			15			290,370			75,218			1,714,825

F - 46

Note 12 – Property, Plant and Equipment, Net (Cont’d)

B. The amount of borrowing costs capitalized in 2023 was approximately $22 million (2022: $16 million).

C. Fixed assets purchased on credit in 2023 was approximately $31 million (2022: $47 million).

D. The composition of depreciation expenses from continuing operations is as follows:

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Depreciation and amortization included in gross profit		78,025		56,853
Depreciation and amortization charged to selling, general and administrative expenses		12,914		6,023
Depreciation and amortization from continuing operations		90,939		62,876

Note 13 – Intangible Assets, Net

A. Composition:

	Goodwill*			PPA**		Others			Total
	$ Thousands
Cost
Balance as at January 1, 2022		140,212			110,446		7,470			258,128
Additions		-			-		10,799			10,799
Translation differences		(1,599	)		-		(1,316	)		(2,915	)
Balance as at December 31, 2022		138,613			110,446		16,953			266,012
Additions		-			-		13,738			13,738
Acquisitions through business combination		80,761			25,968		-			106,729
Impairment		(6,196	)		-		-			(6,196	)
Translation differences		559			-		(225	)		334
Balance as at December 31, 2023		213,737			136,414		30,466			380,617
Amortization
Balance as at January 1, 2022		21,455			10,947		1,444			33,846
Amortization for the year		-			10,569		991			11,560
Translation differences		-			-		(189	)		(189	)
Balance as at December 31, 2022		21,455			21,516		2,246			45,217
Amortization for the year		-			11,115		3,036			14,151
Translation differences		-			-		(35	)		(35	)
Balance as at December 31, 2023		21,455			32,631		5,247			59,333
Carrying value
As at January 1, 2022		118,757			99,499		6,026			224,282
As at December 31, 2022		117,158			88,930		14,707			220,795
As at December 31, 2023		192,282			103,783		25,219			321,284

* Relates mainly to goodwill arising from the acquisition of CPV Group of $105 million and Gat Power Plants of $61 million. Refer to Note 11.A.5 for further information.

** Relates to the power purchase agreement from the acquisition of CPV Keenan, which is part of the CPV Group.

F - 47

Note 13 – Intangible Assets, Net (Cont’d)

B. The total carrying amounts of intangible assets with a finite useful life and with an indefinite useful life or not yet available for use

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Intangible assets with a finite useful life		128,998		103,637
Intangible assets with an indefinite useful life or not yet available for use		192,286		117,158
		321,284		220,795

C. Impairment testing of goodwill arising from CPV Group

As part of the acquisition of the CPV Group as described in Note 11.A.5, on the acquisition date, OPC recognized goodwill of $105 million, which reflects the future growth potential of the CPV Group’s operations. In 2022, OPC reallocated the goodwill to the renewable energies segment in the United States, since it believes that this allocation reflects fairly the nature of the goodwill that had arisen from the acquisition., especially through renewable energy, which OPC recognizes as a cash-generating unit. In 2023, subsequent to the acquisition of mountain wind power plant as detailed in Note 11.6, the goodwill assigned to the renewable energies segment in the United States has been increased to $126 million.

OPC conducted an impairment test as of December 31, 2023 for the goodwill recognized as part of the acquisition of CPV Group as well as acquisition of Mountain Wind Power Plant as detailed in Note 11.6. OPC has considered the report from a qualified external valuer regarding the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit based on FVLCOD, estimated by an independent external appraiser. Projects under commercial operation and projects under construction were estimated by discounting expected future cash flows before tax by applying the discount rate, which is represented by the weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) after tax. Projects under development were estimated at cost.

Below are the main assumptions used in the valuation:

 1. Forecast years - represents the period spanning from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2054, based on the estimate of the economic life of the power plants and their value as at the end of the forecast period.

 2. Market prices and capacity - market prices (electricity, capacity, RECs, etc.) are based on PPAs and market forecasts received from external and independent information sources, taking into account the relevant area and market for each project and the relevant regulation.

 3. Estimated construction costs of the projects, and entitlement to tax benefits in respect of projects under construction (ITC or production tax credit, as applicable).

 4. The annual long-term inflation rate of 2.2% equals the derived 10-year inflation rate as of the estimate date.

 5. The WACC - calculated for each material project separately, and ranges between 6% (project with PPAs for sale of the entire capacity) and 7.25%.

OPC used a relevant discount rate reflecting the specific risks associated with the future cash flow of a cash-generating unit.

As of December 31, 2023, the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit of the CPV Group, which is relating to the renewable energies segment in the United States exceeds its book value and therefore, no impairment has been recognized. The fair value measurement was classified at Level 3 due to the use of input that is not based on observable market inputs in the assessment model.

As of the report date, in accordance with management's assessments regarding future industry trends, which are based on external and internal sources, OPC has not identified any key assumptions in which possible likely changes may occur, which would cause the CPV Group's recoverable amount to decrease below its carrying amount.

D. Impairment testing of goodwill arising from Gat Power Plant

As of December 31, 2023, goodwill of $61 million, which arose as part of the acquisition of the Gat Power Plant reflects the synergy between the activities of the power plants in Israel, whose business model is based on sale to private customers (OPC Rotem, OPC Hadera and Gat Power Plant).

The annual impairment testing of goodwill as of December 31, 2023, was carried out at the level of the cash-generating unit comprising the three power plants (hereinafter - the “Cash-Generating Unit”), since this is the lowest level at which goodwill is subject to monitoring for internal reporting purposes.

F - 48

Note 13 – Intangible Assets, Net (Cont’d)

The recoverable amount of the Cash-Generating Unit is determined as follows:

 1. For the OPC Rotem Power Plant - based on fair value less cost to sell

 2. For the OPC Hadera and Gat Power Plant - according to their carrying amounts

Set forth below are the key assumptions used in determining OPC Rotem’s fair value:

 1. EBITDA for 2023 at of NIS 391 million (approximately $108 million)

 2. An EV/EBITDA multiple of 11.4, based on the OPC’s experience in transactions carried out in the Israeli market in the field of power plants.

The fair value measurement was classified at Level 3 due to the use of significant input that is not based on observable market inputs in the valuation model.

As of December 31, 2023, the recoverable amount of the Cash-Generating Unit exceeds its book value and therefore, no impairment has been recognized. OPC determines that a potential reasonable change in the key assumptions used in determining the recoverable amount of the Cash-Generating Unit as of December 31, 2023, would not have caused a material impairment loss.

Note 14 – Long-Term Prepaid Expenses and Other Non-Current Assets

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Deferred expenses, net (1)		7,786		5,349	*
Loan to associated company (2)		30,138		5,100
Contract costs		6,347		4,337
Other non-current assets		8,071		8,537
		52,342		23,323	*

* Reclassified

(1) Relates to deferred expenses, net for OPC’s connection fees to the gas transmission network and the electricity grid.

(2) Mainly relates to loan to CPV Valley with SOFR-based interest plus a weighted average interest margin of approximately 5.75%, with the final repayment date on May 31, 2026.

Note 15 – Loans and Debentures

The following are the contractual conditions of the Group’s interest-bearing loans and credit, which are measured based on amortized cost. Additional information regarding the Group’s exposure to interest risks, foreign currency and liquidity risk is provided in Note 28, in connection with financial instruments.

	As at December 31
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Current liabilities
Current maturities of long-term liabilities:
Loans from banks and others		107,739		26,113
Non-convertible debentures		52,980		9,497
Others		8,908		3,652
		169,627		39,262
Non-current liabilities
Loans from banks and others		906,243		610,434
Non-convertible debentures		454,163		513,375
		1,360,406		1,123,809
Total		1,530,033		1,163,071

F - 49

Note 15 – Loans and Debentures (Cont’d)

A.1 Classification based on currencies and interest rates

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Debentures (1)
In shekels(1)		507,143		522,872
Loans from banks and others (2)
In shekels		1,022,890		640,199
		1,530,033		1,163,071

1. Annual interest rates between 2.5% to 2.75%.

2. Hadera: Annual interest between 2.4% to 3.9% (for the linked loans) and between 3.6% to 5.4% (for the unlinked loans); Tzomet: Annual interest of prime plus 0.55%; and Gat: Annual interest of prime interest plus spread between 0.4% to 0.9%.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, all loans and debentures relate to liabilities incurred by OPC and its subsidiaries.

A.2 Reconciliation of movements of liabilities to cash flows arising from financing activities

	Financial liabilities (including interest payable)
	Loans and credit			Loans from holders of interests that do not confer financial control			Debentures			Financial instruments designated for hedging
	$ Thousands
Balance as at January 1, 2023		516,195			124,152			526,771			(16,087	)
Changes as a result of cash flows from financing activities
Payment in respect of derivative financial instruments, net		-			-			-			2,385
Receipt of loans		405,460			30,357			-			-
Repayment of debentures and loans		(123,237	)		(33,389	)		(8,451	)		-
Interest paid		(30,270	)		(593	)		(6,133	)		-
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities		251,953			(3,625	)		(14,584	)		2,385
Effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates		(533	)		2,218			-			(241	)
Interest and CPI expenses		51,180			7,179			21,658			(3,027	)
Changes in fair value, application of hedge accounting and other		10,179			(463	)		(7,061	)		2,065
Business combination		83,385			-			-			-
Balance as at December 31, 2023		912,359			129,461			526,784			(14,905	)

F - 50

Note 15 – Loans and Debentures (Cont’d)

	Financial liabilities (including interest payable)
	Loans and credit			Loans from holders of interests that do not confer financial control			Debentures			Financial instruments designated for hedging
	$ Thousands
Balance as at January 1, 2022		488,455			139,838			586,600			(8,305	)
Changes as a result of cash flows from financing activities
Payment in respect of derivative financial instruments, net		-			-			-			(923	)
Receipt of loans		88,651			13,680			-			-
Repayment of debentures and loans		(21,601	)		(25,617	)		(5,972	)		-
Interest paid		(11,058	)		(2,094	)		(11,889	)		-
Prepaid costs for loans taken		(2,845	)		-			-			-
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities		53,147			(14,031	)		(17,861	)		(923	)
Effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates		(51,435	)		(8,419	)		(68,696	)		967
Interest and CPI expenses		27,444			6,764			26,728			-
Changes in fair value, application of hedge accounting and other		(1,416	)		-			-			(7,826	)
Balance as at December 31, 2022		516,195			124,152			526,771			(16,087	)

1. Long-term loans from banks and others

A. Gat Financing Agreement

In March 2023, the Gat Partnership and Bank Leumi le-Israel B.M. (“Bank Leumi”) signed a financing agreement for a senior debt (project financing) to finance the construction of the Gat Power Plant. As part of the financing agreement, Bank Leumi advanced to the Gat Partnership a long-term loan at the total amount of NIS 450 million (approximately $128 million). The loan will be repaid in quarterly installments, starting from September 25, 2023, and the final repayment date is May 10, 2039 (subject to the stipulated early repayment provisions).

The loan will bear an annual interest equal to the Prime interest adjusted by a spread ranging from 0.4% to 0.9% per annum. The Gat Financing Agreement contains provisions on converting the interest on the said loan from a variable interest to a fixed and unlinked interest. The loan will bear the unlinked government bond interest, as defined in the agreement, adjusted by a 2.05% to 2.55% spread.

 

To secure the Gat Financing Agreement, there are collateral on all of the Gat Partnership’s assets and rights in it, including the real estate, bank accounts, insurances, the Gat Partnership’s assets and rights in connection with the Project Agreements (as defined in the agreement). In addition, a lien was placed on the rights of the entities holding the Gat Partnership. On the Completion Date, OPC and Veridis, each in accordance with its proportionate (indirect) share in the Gat Partnership, as well as OPC Power Plants, made a guarantee to pay all principal and accrued interest payments, in connection with the completion of the registration of the collateral and the payment of the deferred consideration balance under the circumstances and subject to the terms set in the said letter of guarantee.

Distributions by the Gat Partnership is subject to a number of conditions described in the said loan agreement, including, among other things: compliance with the following financial covenants: Historic debt service coverage ratio (“DSCR”) and Average Projected DSCR and loan life coverage ratio at a minimal rate of 1.15, a first quarterly principal and interest payment will be made, the provisions of the agreement will be complied with, and no more than four distributions will be carried out in a 12-month period.

F - 51

Note 15 – Loans and Debentures (Cont’d)

In March 2023, the Gat Partnership, the entities holding the Gat Partnership, including OPC Power Plants, and Bank Leumi signed an equity subscription agreement, under which the said entities and OPC Power Plants made certain undertakings (debt service and equity capital requirements, guarantees, meeting certain financial covenants) toward Bank Leumi in connection with the Gat Partnership's activity.

B. OPC Rotem financing agreement

The power plant project of OPC Rotem was financed by the project financing method (hereinafter – “Rotem Financing Agreement”) with a consortium of lenders led by Bank Leumi Le-Israel Ltd. (hereinafter respectively – “Rotem’s Lenders” and “Bank Leumi”).

In October 2021, the early repayment of the full outstanding balance of OPC Rotem’s project financing of amount NIS 1,292 million (approximately $400 million) (including early repayment fees as described below) was completed. A debt service reserve and restricted cash of amount NIS 125 million (approximately $39 million) were also released. As part of the early repayment, OPC Rotem recognized a one-off expense totaling NIS 244 million (approximately $75 million) in 2021, in respect of an early repayment fee of approximately NIS 188 million (approximately $58 million), net of tax.

In proportion to their interests in OPC Rotem, OPC and Veridis extended to OPC Rotem loans for the financing of the early repayment of amounts NIS 904 million (approximately $291 million) and NIS 226 million (approximately $72 million), respectively, totaling NIS 1,130 million (approximately $363 million) (hereinafter - the “Shareholders’ Loans”). The Shareholders' Loans bear annual interest at the higher of 2.65% or interest in accordance with Section 3(J) of the Israel Income Tax Ordinance, whichever is higher. The Shareholders’ Loans shall be repaid in quarterly unequal payments in accordance with the mechanism set in the Shareholders’ Loans agreement, and in any case no later than October 2031. A significant portion of OPC’s portion of NIS 904 million (approximately $280 million), was funded by the issuance of Series C debentures as described in Note 15.2.B.

C. OPC Hadera financing agreement

In July 2016, Hadera entered into a financing agreement for the senior debt (hereinafter – “the Hadera Financing Agreement”) with a consortium of lenders (hereinafter – “Hadera’s Lenders”), headed by Israel Discount Bank Ltd. (hereinafter – “Bank Discount”) and Harel Insurance Company Ltd. (hereinafter – “Harel”) to finance the construction of the Hadera Power Plant, whereby the lenders undertook to provide Hadera credit facilities, mostly linked to the CPI, in the amount of NIS 1,006 million (approximately $323 million) in several facilities (some of which are alternates): (1) a long‑term credit facility (including a facility for changes in construction and related costs); (2) a working capital facility; (3) a debt service reserves account and a VAT facility; (4) a guarantees facility; and (5) a hedge facility.

Some of the loans in the Hadera Financing Agreement are linked to the CPI and some are unlinked. The loans bear interest rates between 2.4% and 3.9% on the CPI-linked loans, and between 3.6% and 5.4% on the unlinked loans, and are repaid in quarterly installments up to 2037 and commenced from the first quarter of 2020.

In addition, OPC Hadera undertook, commencing from the commercial operation date, to provide a debt service reserve in an amount equal to the amount of the debt payments for two successive quarters (as of December 31, 2021, NIS 30 million (approximately $10 million)), and an owner’s guarantee fund of NIS 15 million (approximately $5 million).

D. OPC Tzomet financing agreement

In December 2019, a financing agreement for the senior debt (project financing) was signed between OPC Tzomet and a syndicate of financing entities led by Bank Hapoalim Ltd. (hereinafter – “Bank Hapoalim”, and together with the other financing entities hereinafter – “Tzomet’s Lenders”), to finance construction of the Tzomet power plant (hereinafter – “Tzomet Financing Agreement”).

Under the Tzomet Financing Agreement, Tzomet’s Lenders undertook to provide OPC Tzomet a long‑term loan facility, a standby facility, a working capital facility, a debt service reserve, a VAT facility, third‑party guarantees and a hedge facility, in the aggregate amount of NIS 1,372 million (approximately $441 million). Part of the amounts under these facilities will be CPI-linked and part of the amounts will be USD-linked. The loans accrue interest at the rates set out in the Tzomet Financing Agreement.

F - 52

Note 15 – Loans and Debentures (Cont’d)

As part of the Tzomet Financing Agreement, terms were provided with reference to conversion of interest on the long-term loans from variable interest to CPI linked interest. Such a conversion will take place in three cases: (a) automatically at the end of 6 years after the signing date of the Tzomet Financing Agreement; (b) at OPC Tzomet’s request during the first 6 years commencing from the signing date of the Tzomet Financing Agreement; (c) at Bank Hapoalim’s request, in certain cases, during the first 6 years commencing from the signing date of the Tzomet Financing Agreement. In addition, OPC Tzomet has the right to make early repayment of the loans within 6 years after the signing date of the Tzomet Financing Agreement, subject to a one time reduced payment (and without payment of an early repayment penalty), and provided that up to the time of the early repayment, the loans were not converted into loans bearing fixed interest linked to the CPI. The Tzomet Financing Agreement also includes certain restrictions with respect to distributions and repayment of shareholders’ loans.

As of December 31, 2023, OPC Tzomet and OPC were in compliance with all the covenants in accordance with the Tzomet Financing Agreement. The loans are to be repaid quarterly, which will begin shortly before the end of the first or second quarter after the commencement date of the commercial operation up to the date of the final payment, which will take place on the earlier of the end of 19 years from the commencement date of the commercial operation or 23 years from the signing date of the Tzomet Financing Agreement (however not later than December 31, 2042).

E. CPV Keenan financing agreement

In August 2021, CPV Keenan and a number of financial entities entered into a $120 million financing agreement (hereinafter - the “Keenan Financing Agreement”), comprising a loan of approximately NIS 335 million (approximately $104 million) and ancillary credit facilities (working capital and letters of credit) of approximately NIS 52 million (approximately $16 million).

The loan and the ancillary credit facilities in the Keenan Financing Agreement shall be repaid in installments over the term of the agreement; the final repayment date is December 31, 2030. The loan and the ancillary credit facilities in the Keenan Financing Agreement shall carry an annual interest of SOFR + 1.28%. (LIBOR + 1% - 1.375% through July 2023). CPV Group hedged approximately 70% of its exposure to changes in the SOFR interest through an interest swap, that was designated to hedge an accounting cash flow with the weighted interest of approximately 3.37%.

As part of the Keenan Financing Agreement, collateral and pledges on the project's assets held by CPV Keenan were provided in favor of the lenders. The Keenan Financing Agreement includes a number of restrictions, such as compliance with a minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.15 during the 4 quarters that preceded the distribution, and a condition whereby no grounds for repayment or breach event exists (as defined in the financing agreement).

The Keenan Financing Agreement includes grounds for calling for immediate repayment as customary in agreements of this type, including, among others – breach of representations and covenants that have a material adverse effect, non-payment events, non-compliance with certain obligations, various insolvency events, termination of the activities of the project or termination of significant parties in the project (as defined in the agreement), occurrence of certain events relating to the regulatory status of the project and maintaining of government approvals, certain changes in the project’s ownership, certain events in connection with the project, existence of legal proceedings relating to the project, and a situation wherein the project is not entitled to receive payments for electricity – all in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions, definitions and cure periods detailed in the financing agreement.

F. Mountain Wind Financing Agreement

On April 6, 2023, a CPV Group and a banking corporation entered into a financing agreement that includes: (1) a term loan of $75 million that was used to fund part of the purchase consideration of the Mountain Wind Project (hereinafter - the “Loan”); and (2) ancillary credit facilities for working capital of $17 million for the current credit needs of the Mountain Wind Project (hereinafter jointly with the Loan - the “Credit Facilities”).

The Loan and Credit Facilities was pledged on the assets of the Mountain Wind Project and its rights and has a term of 5 years. The Loan bears annual interest of SOFR plus a fixed margin and a variable margin of between 1.63% and 1.75% over the term of the loan, of which the interest will be paid at least every quarter. CPV Group hedged the exposure to changes in variable SOFR interest by entering into an interest rate swap in respect of 75% of the balance of the Loan and opted to apply cash flow hedge accounting rules. The weighted interest as of the report date is approximately 5.4%.

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Note 15 – Loans and Debentures (Cont’d)

G. Financing Agreement for Construction in the US Renewable Energies Segment

On August 24, 2023, certain entities in CPV group have entered into a financing agreement of $370 million for the purpose of financing the construction and initial operating period of qualifying projects in the field of renewable energy in the United States, of which a total of approximately $59 million were withdrawn by CPV Group as at December 31, 2023. Subsequent to the reporting period, an additional drawdown of approximately $93 million were withdrawn by CPV Group. CPV Group hedged the exposure to changes in variable SOFR interest by entering into an interest rate swap in respect of 75% of the balance of the loan and opted to apply cash flow hedge accounting rules.

H. OPC Power – Shareholder Loans

During the reporting period, OPC and non-controlling interests invested in the equity of the partnership OPC Power (both directly and indirectly) a total of approximately NIS 565 million (approximately $150 million) and extended by approximately NIS 175 million (approximately $45 million) in loans, based on their stake in the partnership. The loans are denominated in US Dollars and bear an annual interest rate of 7%. The loan principal will be repayable at any time as will be agreed on between the parties, but no later than January 2028. After utilizing the entire investment commitment and shareholder loans in July 2023, the facility was increased by $100 million (OPC’s share in the facility is $70 million).

2. Debentures

A. Series B Debentures

In April 2020, OPC issued debentures (Series B) with a par value of NIS 400 million (approximately $113 million), which were listed on the TASE. As a result, approximately $111 million representing the par value, net of issuance cost is recognized as debentures. The debentures are linked to the Israeli consumer price index and bear annual interest at the rate of 2.75%. The principal and interest of the debentures (Series B) are repayable every six months, commencing on March 31, 2021 (on March 31 and September 30 of every calendar year) through September 30, 2028.

In October 2020, OPC issued additional Series B debentures of par value NIS 556 million (approximately $162 million) (the “Expansion of Series B”). The gross proceeds of the issuance amount to approximately NIS 584 million (approximately $171 million) and the issuance costs were approximately NIS 7 million (approximately $2 million).

A trust certificate was signed between OPC and Reznik Paz Nevo Trusts Ltd. in April 2020, which details customary grounds for calling the debentures for immediate repayment (subject to cure periods), including insolvency events, liquidation proceedings, receivership, a stay of proceedings and creditors’ arrangements, certain structural changes, a significant worsening in OPC’s financial position, etc. The trust certificate also includes a commitment of OPC to comply with certain financial covenants and restrictions.

On December 31, 2023, OPC meets the said financial covenants.

B. Series C Debentures

In September 2021, OPC issued Series C debentures at a par value of NIS 851 million (approximately $266 million), with the proceeds designated primarily for the early repayment of OPC Rotem’s financing (refer to Note 15.1.B). The debentures are listed on the TASE, are not CPI-linked and bear annual interest of 2.5%. The debentures shall be repaid in twelve semi-annual and unequal installments (on February 28 and August 31) as set out in the amortization schedule, starting on February 28, 2024 through August 31, 2030 (the first interest payment is due on February 28, 2022). The issuance expenses amounted to about NIS 9 million (approximately $3 million). OPC is required to comply with certain financial covenants and restrictions.

On December 31, 2023, OPC meets the said financial covenants.

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Note 16 – Trade and Other Payables

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Trade Payables		70,661		95,036
Liability to tax equity partner (1)		74,466		-
Accrued expenses and other payables		8,256		10,833
Government institutions		1,204		2,083
Employees and payroll institutions		14,573		14,491
Interest payable		4,984		4,472
Others		7,754		6,500
		181,898		133,415

1. See Note 18.A.4.d for more information.

Other non-current liabilities include approximately $79 million deferred income in respect to ITC grant. Refer to Note 18.A.4.d for more information.

Note 17 – Right-Of-Use Assets, Net, Lease Liabilities and Long-term Deferred Expenses

A) The Group leases the following items:

i) Land

In Israel, the leases are typically entered into with government institutions for the construction and operation of OPC Power Plants’s power plants. They typically run for a period of more than 20 years, with an option for renewal. In the United States, the leases are typically entered into with private companies or individuals for the development, construction and operation of the CPV Group’s power plants.

ii) OPC gas transmission infrastructure

The lease for the gas Pressure Regulation and Measurement Station (“PRMS”) relates to the facility at OPC Hadera’s power plant. For further details, please refer to Note 18.B.

iii) Offices

The leases range from 3 to 9 years, with options to extend.

iv) Low-value items

The total for low-value items on short-term leases are not material. Accordingly, the Group has not recognized right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for these leases.

B) Right-of-use assets

	As at December 31, 2023
	Balance at beginning of year		Depreciation charge for the year			Adjustments		Balance at end of year
	$ Thousands
Land		76,963		(3,770	)		18,300		91,493
PRMS facility		13,977		(1,209	)		1,766		14,534
Offices		8,353		(2,538	)		5,135		10,950
Long-term deferred expenses		27,491		(1,246	)		31,293		57,538
		126,784		(8,763	)		56,494		174,515

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Note 17 – Right-Of-Use Assets, Net, Lease Liabilities and Long-term Deferred Expenses (Cont’d)

	As at December 31, 2022
	Balance at beginning of year		Depreciation charge for the year			Adjustments			Balance at end of year
	$ Thousands
Land		81,355		(3,484	)		(908	)		76,963
PRMS facility		6,239		(660	)		8,398			13,977
Offices		10,282		(2,142	)		213			8,353
Long-term deferred expenses		33,459		(1,129	)		(4,839	)		27,491	*
		131,335		(7,415	)		2,864			126,784	*

* Reclassified

C) Amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of profit & loss and cash flows

	As at December 31,		As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands		$ Thousands
Interest expenses in respect of lease liability		689		572
Total cash outflow for leases		2,692		2,572

D) Land lease agreements

i) Lease of OPC Tzomet land

In January 2020, Israel Lands Authority (“ILA”) approved allotment of an area measuring about 8.5 hectares for the construction of the Tzomet Power Plant (hereinafter in this Section – the “Land”). ILA signed a development agreement with Kibbutz Netiv Halamed Heh (hereinafter – the “Kibbutz”) in connection with the Land, which is valid up to November 5, 2024 (hereinafter – the “Development Agreement”), which after fulfilment of its conditions a lease agreement will be signed for a period of 24 years and 11 months from approval of the transaction, i.e. up to November 4, 2044. Tzomet Netiv Limited Partnership (“Joint Company’) own the rights in the Land, and the composition is as follows i) General Partner of the Tzomet Netiv Limited Partnership holds 1%, in which the Kibbutz and OPC Tzomet hold 26% and 74% respectively, ii) Limited partners hold 99%, where the Kibbutz (26%) and OPC Tzomet (73%) hold rights as limited partners.

In February 2020, an updated lease agreement was also signed whereby the Joint Company, as the owner of the Land, will lease the Land to OPC Tzomet, for the benefit of the project.

In January 2020, a financial specification was received from ILA in respect of the capitalization fees, whereby value of the Land (not including development expenses) of about NIS 207 million (approximately $60 million) (not including VAT) was set (hereinafter – “the Initial Assessment”). OPC Tzomet, on behalf of the Joint Company, arranged payment of the Initial Assessment in January 2020 at the rate of 75% of amount of the Initial Assessment and provided through OPC, the balance, at the rate of 25% as a bank guarantee in favor of ILA. In January 2021, a final assessment was received from ILA where the value of the usage fees in the land for a period of 25 years, to construct a power plant with a capacity of 396 MW was NIS 200 million (approximately $62 million) (the “Final Assessment”). In March 2021, a reimbursement of NIS 7 million (approximately $2 million), which included linkage differences and interest in respect of the difference between capitalized fees paid and the Final Assessment amount, was received. In addition, the bank guarantee was also reduced by the amount of 25% of said difference.

In January 2023, a decision was made regarding the initial appeal, whereby the amount of the Final Assessment was reduced to NIS 154 million (approximately $44 million), excluding VAT. OPC Tzomet filed an appeal on the said decision. As of December 31, 2023, the amounts paid in respect of the land, including the amount of the Final Assessment was classified in the consolidated statement of financial position under “Right of use assets, net” which amounted to approximately NIS 200 million (approximately $55 million).

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Note 17 – Right-Of-Use Assets, Net, Lease Liabilities and Long-term Deferred Expenses (Cont’d)

ii) Purchase of leasehold rights in land

On May 10, 2023, OPC (through OPC Power Plants Ltd.) won the tender issued by Israel Lands Administration (hereinafter - “ILA”) for planning and an option to purchase leasehold rights in land for the construction of renewable energy electricity generation facilities using photovoltaic technology in combination with storage in relation to three compounds in the Neot Hovav Industrial Local Council, with a total area of approximately 227 hectares. The amount of total bid submitted by OPC for all three compounds, in aggregate, was approximately NIS 484 million (approximately $133 million).

Upon notice by the ILA, a planning authorization agreement will be signed between the winning bidder and the ILA for a period of 3 years. In August 2023, consideration equivalent to 20% of the bid amount for each compound was paid. Upon authorizing a new outline plan, a lease agreement will be signed for a period of 24 years and 11 months, to construct and operate the project(s), of which consideration of the remaining 80% of the bid amount per compound will be set against. As of the approval date of the report, it is uncertain that approvals, consents, or actions required for the completion of the project(s) will be completed with respect to any of the compounds.

iii) Backbone lease of land

In 2023, an agreement for the lease of land for the Backbone project was entered into force. The term of the agreement is 37 years, with an option to extend the term by five further periods of seven years each. Lease liability and right-of-use asset of NIS 122 million (approximately $33 million) were recognized.

Note 18 – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

A. Contingent Liabilities

1. OPC Rotem Power Purchase Agreement

In 2014 (commencing in August), letters were exchanged between OPC Rotem and IEC regarding the tariff to be paid by OPC Rotem to IEC in respect of electricity that it had purchased from the electric grid, in connection with sale of electricity to private customers, where the electricity generation in the power plant was insufficient to meet the electricity needs of such customers.

It is OPC Rotem’s position that the applicable tariff is the “ex-post” tariff, whereas according to IEC in the aforesaid exchange of letters, the applicable tariff is the TAOZ tariff, and based on part of the correspondences even a tariff that is 25% higher than the TAOZ tariff (and some of the correspondences also raise allegations of default of the PPA with IEC). In order to avoid a specific dispute, Rotem paid IEC the TAOZ tariff for the aforesaid purchase of electricity and commencing from that date, it pays IEC the TAOZ tariff on the purchase of electricity from IEC for sale to private customers.

IEC raised contentions regarding past accountings in respect of the acquisition cost of energy for OPC Rotem’s customers in a case of a load reduction of the plant by the System Operator, and collection differences due to non-transfer of meter data in the years 2013 through 2015. In addition, IEC stated its position with respect to additional matters in the arrangement between the parties relating to the acquisition price of surplus energy and the acquisition cost of energy by OPC Rotem during performance of tests. OPC Rotem’s position regarding the matters referred to by IEC, based on its legal advisors, is different and talks are being held between the parties.

In March 2022, OPC Rotem and the IEC signed a settlement agreement regarding past accounting in respect of the acquisition cost of energy for OPC Rotem’s customers in a case of a load reduction of the plant by Noga, and collection differences due to non-transfer of meter data between 2013 and 2015. As part of the settlement, OPC Rotem paid a total of approximately $2 million (approximately NIS 5.5 million) to the IEC. Subsequent to this, the System Operator contacted OPC Rotem with a claim that OPC Rotem had transmitted excess energy without coordinating the transmission with the System Operator, to which OPC Rotem disputes the claim.

As of December 31, 2023, in OPC Rotem’s estimation, it is more likely than not that OPC Rotem will not pay any additional amounts in respect of the period ended December 31, 2023. Therefore, no provision was included in the financial statements.

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Note 18 – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments (Cont’d)

2. Construction agreements

a. OPC Hadera

In January 2016, an agreement was signed between OPC Hadera and SerIDOM Servicios Integrados IDOM, S.A.U (“IDOM”), for the design, engineering, procurement and construction of a cogeneration power plant, in consideration of about approximately $185 million (approximately NIS 639 million) (as amended several times as part of change orders, including an amendment made in 2019 and described below), which is payable on the basis of the progress of the construction and compliance with milestones (hereinafter – “the Hadera Construction Agreement”).

IDOM has provided bank guarantees and a corporate guarantee of its parent company to secure the said obligations, and OPC has provided a corporate guarantee to IDOM, in the amount of $10.5 million, to secure part of OPC Hadera’s liabilities. In addition, as part of an addendum to OPC Hadera’s construction agreement which was signed in October 2018, the parties agreed to waiver of past claims up to the signing date of the addendum.

In accordance with the construction agreement, OPC Hadera is entitled to certain compensation from IDOM in respect of the delay in completion of the construction of the Hadera Power Plant or compensation (limited to the amount of the limit set in the Agreement) in the event of failure to comply with the terms set out in the Agreement with regard to the Power Plant performance. The said compensation is capped by the amounts specified in the construction agreement, and up to an aggregate of $36 million.

According to the Construction Agreement, OPC Hadera has a contractual right to deduct any amount due to it under the Construction Agreement, including for the foregoing compensation, from any amounts that it owes to the construction contractor. In 2022, OPC Hadera deducted a total of $14 million from amounts payable to the construction contractor in respect of the final milestones.

In December 2023, Hadera and the Construction Contractor signed a settlement agreement, according to which, among other things, in exchange for the withdrawal from, and full and final settlement of, the parties' claims in connection with the disputes between Hadera and the Construction Contractor that are the subject of the arbitration proceeding, the Contractor will pay Hadera compensation in the amount of approx. NIS 74 million (approximately  $21 million) (hereinafter - the "Compensation Amount"). It is clarified that the Compensation Amount includes the amounts offset by Hadera for the Construction Contractor totaling approximately $14 million, as mentioned above, such that the net balance of the Compensation Amount is approximately NIS 25 million (approximately $7 million). In addition, following the payment of the remaining Compensation Amount, the contractor's guarantees were released in accordance with the terms and conditions stipulated in the settlement agreement, and the Construction Contractor is entitled to a final acceptance certificate of the power plant under the construction agreement. Upon the signing of the settlement agreement, the arbitration proceeding between the parties also concluded.

As a result of the signing of the settlement agreement with the Construction Contractor, as of December 31, 2023, Hadera recognized in its statement of income approximately NIS 41 million (approximately $11 million) income before tax and the remaining of approximately NIS 33 million (approximately $9 million) against property, plant and equipment.

b. OPC Tzomet

In September 2018, OPC Tzomet signed a planning, procurement and construction agreement (hereinafter – “the Agreement”) with PW Power Systems LLC (hereinafter – “Construction Contractor” or “PWPS”), for construction of the Tzomet project. The Agreement is a “lump sum turnkey” agreement wherein the Tzomet Construction Contractor committed to construct the Tzomet project in accordance with the technical and engineering specifications determined and includes various undertakings of the contractor.

In OPC Tzomet’s estimation, based on the work specifications, the aggregate consideration that will be paid in the framework of the Agreement is about $300 million, and it will be paid based on the milestones provided. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Tzomet Construction Contractor undertook to complete the construction work of the Tzomet project, including the acceptance tests by January 2023. The commercial operation period of OPC Tzomet Power Plant commenced on June 22, 2023.

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Note 18 – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments (Cont’d)

It is noted that, according to the Construction Contractor, the continuity of construction work was affected, inter alia, by the COVID-19 Crisis, in light of the need for equipment and foreign work teams to arrive, and by delays in the global supply chains of components and equipment required for the project. As of December 31, 2023, OPC Tzomet is holding discussions with the Construction Contractor.

c. OPC Sorek 2

In May 2020, OPC Sorek 2 signed an agreement with SMS IDE Ltd., which won a tender of the State of Israel for construction, operation, maintenance and transfer of a seawater desalination facility on the “Sorek B” site (the “Sorek B Desalination Facility”), where OPC Sorek 2 will construct, operate and maintain an energy generation facility (“Sorek B Generation Facility”) with a generation capacity of about 87 MW on the premises of the Sorek 2 Desalination Facility, and will supply the energy required for the Sorek B Desalination Facility for a period of 25 years after the operation date of the Sorek B Desalination Facility. At the end of the aforesaid period, ownership of the Sorek B Generation Facility will be transferred to the State of Israel. OPC undertook to construct the Sorek B Generation Facility within 24 months from the date of approval of the National Infrastructure Plan (approved in November 2021), and to supply energy at a specific scope of capacity to the Sorek B Desalination Facility.

OPC Sorek 2’s share of the amount payable to the construction contractor is estimated at approximately $42 million. The construction agreement includes provisions of capped agreed compensation in respect of delays, non-compliance with execution and availability requirements. The agreement also sets the scope of liability and requirements for provision of guarantees in the different stages of the project.

As a result of the outbreak of the War, Construction Contractor served OPC Sorek 2 with a force majeure notice and OPC Sorek 2 served on its behalf a force majeure notice to IDE.

3. Agreements for the acquisition of natural gas

a. OPC Rotem and OPC Hadera

OPC Rotem and OPC Hadera has an agreement with Tamar Group in connection to the supply of natural gas to the power plants. Both OPC Rotem and OPC Hadera undertook to continue to consume all the gas required for its power plants from Tamar Group (including quantities exceeding the minimum quantities) up to the completion date of the commissioning of the Karish Reservoir, except for a limited consumption of gas during the commissioning period of the Karish Reservoir.

In December 2017, OPC Rotem, OPC Hadera, Israel Chemicals Ltd. and Bazan Ltd., engaged in agreements with Energean Israel Ltd. (hereinafter – “Energean”), which has holdings in the Karish Reservoir, for the purchase natural gas. In 2020, Energean notified OPC that “force majeure” events happened during the year, in accordance with the clauses pursuant to the agreements, and that the flow of the first gas from the Karish reservoir is expected to take place during the second half of 2021. OPC rejected the contentions that a “force majeure” event is involved.

Due to the delay in supply of the gas from the Karish Reservoir, OPC Rotem and OPC Hadera will be required to acquire the quantity of gas it had planned to acquire from Energean for purposes of operation of the power plants at present gas prices, which is higher than the price stipulated in the Energean agreement. The delays in the commercial operation date of Energean, and in turn, a delay in supply of the gas from the Karish Reservoir, will have an unfavorable impact on OPC’s profits. In the agreements with Energean, compensation for delays had been provided, the amount of which depends on the reasons for the delay, where the limit with respect to the compensation in a case where the damages caused is “force majeure” is lower. It is noted that the damages that will be caused to OPC stemming from a delay could exceed the amount of the said compensation.

In 2021, OPC Rotem and OPC Hadera received reduced compensation of approximately $3 million (approximately NIS 9 million) and approximately $2 million (approximately NIS 7 million), respectively.

In May 2022, an amendment to the Energean Agreements was signed, which set out, among other things, arrangements pertaining to bringing forward the reduction of the quantities of gas supplied by OPC Rotem and OPC Hadera.

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Note 18 – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments (Cont’d)

Energean issued OPC Hadera with a notice regarding the completion of the commissioning in relation to the OPC Hadera agreement and OPC Rotem agreement on February 28, 2023 and March 25, 2023 respectively. On March 26, 2023, Energean issued OPC Rotem with a notice in relation to commencement of commercial operation.

OPC Rotem and OPC Hadera recognized contractual financial amount in respect of a netting arrangement by bringing forward of the reduction notice. The total amount of NIS 18 million (approximately $5 million) was offset from cost of goods sold.

4. Other contingent liabilities

a. Bazan electricity purchase claim

In November 2017, a request was filed with the Tel Aviv-Jaffa District Court to approve a derivative claim on behalf of Bazan. The request is based on the petitioner's contention that the undertaking in the electricity purchase transaction between Bazan and OPC Rotem is an extraordinary interested party transaction that did not receive the approval of the general assembly of Bazan shareholders on the relevant dates. The respondents to the request include Bazan, OPC Rotem, the Israel Corporation Ltd. and the members of Bazan's Board of Directors at the time of entering into the electricity purchase transaction. The requested remedies include remedies such as an injunction and financial remedies.

In July 2018, OPC Rotem submitted its response to the request. Bazan’s request for summary judgement was denied. Negotiations are being held for entering into a compromise agreement that will settle a lawsuit against Rotem and others, which was filed in July 2022.

In February 2023 the court handed down a judgment that approved the settlement agreement and OPC Rotem paid NIS 2 million (approximately $523 thousand), representing its share as set out in the settlement agreement.

b. Oil Refineries Ltd. (now known as “Bazan”) gas purchase claim

In January 2018, a request was filed with the Tel Aviv-Jaffa District Court to approve a derivative claim by a shareholder of Bazan against former and current directors of Bazan, Israel Chemicals Ltd., OPC Rotem, OPC Hadera and IC (collectively the "Group Companies"), over: (1) a transaction of the Group Companies for the purchase of natural gas from Tamar Partners, (2) transactions of the Group Companies for the purchase of natural gas from Energean Israel Ltd. (“Energean”) and (3) transaction for sale of surplus gas to Bazan.

In August 2018, the Group Companies submitted their response to the claim filed. OPC rejected the contentions appearing in the claim and requested summary dismissal of the claim. Evidentiary hearings were held in the second half of 2021, after which summations were submitted in November 2022. In November 2023, the Court dismissed the entire motion.

c. Inkia Energy Limited (liquidated in 2019)

In December 2017, Kenon, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Inkia Energy Limited (“Inkia”), sold its Latin American and Caribbean power business to an infrastructure private equity firm, I Squared Capital (“ISQ”). Inkia agreed to indemnify the buyer and its successors, permitted assigns, and affiliates against certain losses arising from a breach of Inkia’s representations and warranties and certain tax matters, subject to certain time and monetary limits depending on the particular indemnity obligation. These indemnification obligations were supported by (a) a three-year pledge of shares of OPC which represented 25% of OPC’s outstanding shares, (b) a deferral of $175 million of the sale price in the form of a four-year $175 million Deferred Payment Agreement, accruing interest at 8% per year and payable in-kind, and (c) a three-year corporate guarantee from Kenon for all of the Inkia’s indemnification obligations, all of the foregoing periods running from the closing date of December 31, 2017. In December 2018, the indemnification commitment was assigned by Inkia to a fellow wholly owned subsidiary of Kenon.

In October 2020, as part of an early repayment of the deferred payment agreement where Kenon received $218 million ($188 million net of taxes), Kenon agreed to increase the number of OPC shares pledged to the buyer of the Inkia business to 55,000,000 shares and to extend the pledge of OPC shares and the corporate guarantee from Kenon for all of Inkia’s indemnification obligations until December 31, 2021.

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Note 18 – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments (Cont’d)

In March 2022, 53,500,000 shares were released from pledge, and 1,500,000 shares of OPC remain pledged in light of an indemnity claim relating to a tax assessment claim in the amount of $11 million.

In August 2023, all of OPC shares that were previously pledged as part of the Inkia sale were released as part of a settlement agreement.

d. Tax equity partner agreement in Maple Hill

On May 12, 2023, CPV Group entered into an investment agreement with a tax equity partner totaling approximately $82 million in the Maple Hill project (hereinafter - the “Project”). Pursuant to the Agreement, the tax equity partner’s investment in the Project shall be provided in part (20%) on the date of completion of the construction works (Mechanical Completion) and the remainder (80%) on the Commercial Operation Date

In consideration for its investment in the project corporation, the tax equity partner is expected to receive most of the project’s tax benefits, including Investment Tax Credit (“ITC”) at a higher rate of 40%, and participation in the distributable free cash flow from the project. In addition, the tax equity partner is entitled to participate in the project's loss for tax purposes.

In December 2023, the terms and conditions for the commercial operation of the project were fully met in accordance with the tax equity investment agreement in the project, and the tax equity partner completed its entire investment in the project.

Immediately prior to the completion of the advancement of the tax equity partner’s investment, CPV Group and a third party entered into an agreement for the sale of the ITC grant in consideration for approximately $75 million, which constitute approximately 95% of its nominal value. As of December 31, 2023, CPV Group recognized the sale amount under “other current assets” financial caption, and an undertaking to transfer the sale amount to the tax equity partner under “trade and other payables” financial caption.

B. Commitments

a. OPC Power Plants

OPC entered into long-term service maintenance contracts for its operating power plants. The number of maintenance hours and price are specified in the agreements.

OPC entered into long-term infrastructure contracts with Israel National Gas Lines Ltd. (“INGL”) for use of PRMS at its operating power plants. The price is specified in the agreements.

OPC entered into long-term PPAs with its customers (of which some included construction of generation facilities) for sale of electricity and gas. The supply quantity, period and pricing are specified in the agreements. OPC has also entered into long-term PPAs with its suppliers for purchase of electricity and gas. The minimum purchase quantity, period and pricing are specified in the agreements.

OPC entered into long-term construction agreements for constructing its power plants. The price, technical and engineering specifications, and work milestones are specified in the agreements. For more information relating to the construction of the Tzomet power plant, refer to 18.A.2.b.

b. CPV Group

In June 2023, CPV Group entered into an Engineering, Procurement and Construction ("EPC”) agreement with a construction contractor in respect of the Backbone project. As of the approval date of the financial statements, the total consideration in the EPC agreement was set at a fixed amount of NIS 650 million (approximately $175 million), which will be paid in accordance with the milestones set in the EPC agreement.

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Note 19 – Share Capital and Reserves

A. Share Capital

	Company No. of shares (’000)
		2023		2022
Authorised and in issue at January, 1		53,887		53,879
Share repurchase and cancelled		(1,128	)	-
Issued for share plan		7		8
Authorised and in issue at December. 31		52,766		53,887

All shares rank equally with regard to the Company’s residual assets. The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time, and are entitled to one vote per share at meetings of the Company. All issued shares are fully paid with no par value.

The capital structure of the Company comprises of issued capital and accumulated profits and the capital structure is managed to ensure that the Company will be able to continue to operate as a going concern. The Company is not subjected to externally imposed capital requirements.

In 2023, 7,259 (2022: 8,037) ordinary shares were granted under the Share Incentive Plan to key management at an average price of $31.62 (2022: $47.22) per share.

B. Translation reserve

The translation reserve includes all the foreign currency differences stemming from translation of financial statements of foreign activities as well as from translation of items defined as investments in foreign activities commencing from January 1, 2007 (the date IC first adopted International Financial Reporting Standards).

C. Capital reserves

The capital reserve reflects the portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument that is determined to be an effective hedge (i.e. the portion that is offset by the change in the cash flow hedge reserve).

D. Dividends

In April 2021, Kenon’s board of directors approved a cash dividend of $1.86 per share (an aggregate amount of approximately $100 million), to Kenon’s shareholders of record as of the close of trading on April 29, 2021, paid on May 6, 2021.

In November 2021, Kenon’s board of directors approved a cash dividend of $3.50 per share (an aggregate amount of approximately $189 million), to Kenon’s shareholders of record as of the close of trading on January 19, 2022, paid on January 27, 2022.

In March 2023, Kenon’s board of directors approved a cash dividend of $2.79 per share (an aggregate amount of approximately $150 million), payable to Kenon’s shareholders of record as of the close of trading on April 10, 2023, paid on April 19, 2023.

F - 62

Note 19 – Share Capital and Reserves (Cont’d)

E. Kenon's share plan

Kenon has established a Share Incentive Plan for its directors and management. The plan provides grants of Kenon shares, as well as stock options in respect of Kenon’s shares, to directors and officers of the Company pursuant to awards, which may be granted by Kenon from time to time, representing up to 3% of the total issued shares (excluding treasury shares) of Kenon. During 2023, 2022 and 2021, Kenon granted awards of shares to certain members of its management. Such shares are vested upon the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the recipient’s continued employment in a specified capacity and Kenon’s listing on each of the NYSE and the TASE. The fair value of the shares granted in 2023 is $229 thousand (2022: $267 thousand, 2021: $234 thousand) and was determined based on the fair value of Kenon’s shares on the grant date. Kenon recognized $296 thousand as general and administrative expenses in 2023 (2022: $292 thousand, 2021: $258 thousand).

F. Capital reduction

In May 2022 and June 2022, Kenon received shareholder approval at its annual general meeting and approval of the High Court of the Republic of Singapore, respectively, for a capital reduction to return share capital amounting to $10.25 per share ($552 million in total) to Kenon’s shareholders of record as of the close of trading on June 27, 2022, paid on July 5, 2022.

G. Share repurchase plan

In 2023, the Company repurchased approximately 1.1 million of its own shares out of accumulated profit for approximately $28 million under the ongoing share repurchase plan. These shares were cancelled during the year ended December 31, 2023.

Note 20 – Revenue

	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021
	$ Thousands
Revenue from sale of electricity and infrastructure services in Israel		593,941		486,680		419,395
Revenue from sale of electricity in US		36,959		25,780		25,605
Revenue from sale of steam in Israel		16,006		18,476		17,648
Revenue from provision of services and other revenue in US		36,007		31,509		25,115
Other revenue in Israel		8,883		11,512		-
		691,796		573,957		487,763

Note 21 – Cost of Sales and Services (excluding Depreciation and Amortization)

	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021
	$ Thousands
Fuels		178,663		155,760		153,122
Electricity and infrastructure services		130,199		93,804		92,086
Salaries and related expenses		10,033		9,661		8,259
Generation and operating expenses and outsourcing		82,166		88,055		31,729
Insurance		11,040		9,440		9,997
Cost in respect of sale of renewable energy		13,455		8,757		7,988
Cost in respect of provision of services revenue and other costs		27,683		23,856		16,499
Others		41,073		27,928		16,618
		494,312		417,261		336,298

F - 63

Note 22 – Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021
	$ Thousands
Payroll and related expenses (1)		26,877		46,660		41,930
Depreciation and amortization		4,212		3,259		2,623
Professional fees		18,190		15,798		16,069
Business development expenses		15,607		15,186		1,566
Expenses in respect of acquisition of CPV Group		-		-		752
Office maintenance		6,524		4,581		3,022
Other expenses		13,305		14,452		9,765
		84,715		99,936		75,727

(1) A portion of this relates to profit sharing for CPV Group employees

The fair value of the CPV Group’s Profit-Sharing Plan is recognized as an expense, against a corresponding increase in liability, over the period in which the unconditional right to payment is achieved. The liability is remeasured at each reporting date until the settlement date. Any change in the fair value of the liability is recognized in the consolidated statements of profit and loss. In 2023, the CPV Group recorded expenses in the amount of approximately NIS 89 million (approximately $24 million) (2022: NIS 46 million (approximately $13 million)).

Note 23 – Financing Expenses, Net

	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2023			2022			2021
	$ Thousands
Interest income from bank deposits		36,754			12,108			167
Amount reclassified to consolidated statements of profit & loss from capital reserve in respect of cash flow hedges		6			4,125			2,121
Net change in exchange rates		700			28,453			-
Net change in fair value of derivative financial instruments		-			-			443
Net change in the fair value of financial assets held for trade and available for sale		422			-			-
Other income		1,479			-			203
Financing income		39,361			44,686			2,934
Interest expenses to banks and others		(52,306	)		(47,542	)		(51,924	)
Amount reclassified to consolidated statements of profit & loss from capital reserve in respect of cash flow hedges		(1,563	)		-			-
Impairment loss on debt securities at FVOCI		(642	)		(732	)		-
Net change in fair value of financial assets held for trade		-			(45	)		-
Net change in exchange rates		-			-			(5,997	)
Net change in fair value of derivative financial instruments		-			(291	)		-
Early repayment fee (Note 15.B, Note 15.E)		-			-			(84,196	)
Other expenses		(11,822	)		(1,787	)		(2,178	)
Financing expenses		(66,333	)		(50,397	)		(144,295	)
Net financing expenses		(26,972	)		(5,711	)		(141,361	)

F - 64

Note 24 – Income Taxes

A. Components of the Income Taxes

	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2023		2022			2021
	$ Thousands
Current taxes on income
In respect of current year		11,049		39,559			6,892
Deferred tax expense/(income)
Creation and reversal of temporary differences		14,150		(1,579	)		(2,567	)
Total tax expense on income		25,199		37,980			4,325

No previously unrecognized tax benefits were used in 2023, 2022 or 2021 to reduce our current tax expense.

B. Reconciliation between the theoretical tax expense (benefit) on the pre-tax income (loss) and the actual income tax expenses

	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2023			2022			2021
	$ Thousands
(Loss)/profit from continuing operations before income taxes		(185,749	)		387,639			879,642
Statutory tax rate		17.00	%		17.00	%		17.00	%
Tax computed at the statutory tax rate		(31,577	)		65,899			149,539
(Decrease) increase in tax in respect of:
Elimination of tax calculated in respect of the Group’s share in profit of associated companies		72,258			(45,464	)		(190,539	)
Different tax rate applicable to subsidiaries operating overseas		4,371			6,429			(9,297	)
Income subject to tax at a different tax rate		178			116			-
Non-deductible expenses		(2,826	)		158,811			44,851
Exempt income		(26,862	)		(164,822	)		(23,937	)
Taxes in respect of prior years		522			(739	)		(361	)
Tax in respect of foreign dividend		6,665			18,447			28,172
Share of non-controlling interests in entities transparent for tax purposes		-			(1,082	)		5,528
Tax losses and other tax benefits for the period regarding which deferred taxes were not recorded		608			511			95
Other differences		1,862			(126	)		274
Tax expense on income included in the statement of profit and loss		25,199			37,980			4,325

C. Deferred tax assets and liabilities

1. Deferred tax assets and liabilities recognized

The deferred taxes are calculated based on the tax rate expected to apply at the time of the reversal as detailed below. Deferred taxes in respect of subsidiaries were calculated based on the tax rates relevant for each country.

F - 65

Note 24 – Income Taxes (Cont’d)

The deferred tax assets and liabilities are derived from the following items:

	Property plant and equipment			Carryforward of losses and deductions for tax purposes			Financial instruments			Other*			Total
	$ Thousands
Balance of deferred tax (liability) asset as at January 1, 2022		(127,230	)		112,342			1,260			(83,553	)		(97,181	)
Changes recorded on the statement of profit and loss		(20,103	)		8,116			(235	)		13,801			1,579
Changes recorded in other comprehensive income		-			-			(2,657	)		(4,439	)		(7,096	)
Translation differences		14,615			(4,370	)		(103	)		(147	)		9,995
Balance of deferred tax (liability) asset as at December 31, 2022		(132,718	)		116,088			(1,735	)		(74,338	)		(92,703	)
Changes recorded on the statement of profit and loss		(9,626	)		6,054			24			(10,601	)		(14,149	)
Changes recorded in other comprehensive income		-			-			354			2,851			3,205
Changes recorded from business combinations		(18,468	)		-			-			-			(18,468	)
Translation differences		3,313			(1,364	)		7			(569	)		1,387
Balance of deferred tax (liability) asset as at December 31, 2023		(157,499	)		120,778			(1,350	)		(82,657	)		(120,728	)

* This amount includes deferred tax arising from intangibles, undistributed profits, non-monetary items, associated companies and trade receivables distribution.

 2. The deferred taxes are presented in the statements of financial position as follows:

	As at December 31,
	2023			2022
	$ Thousands
As part of non-current assets		15,862			6,382
As part of current liabilities		-			(1,285	)
As part of non-current liabilities		(136,590	)		(97,800	)
		(120,728	)		(92,703	)

Income tax rate in Israel is 23% for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. The tax rate applicable to US companies are (i) federal corporate tax of 21% and (ii) state tax ranging from 4% to 11.5%. According to the provisions of the tax treaty between Israel and the United States, interest payments are subject to withholding tax of 17.5%, and dividend payments are subject to withholding tax of 12.5%. In Singapore, the corporate tax rate is 17%. Dividends received by Kenon from ZIM, an associated company incorporated in Israel, is subject to a withholding tax rate of 5%.

On January 4, 2016, Amendment 216 to the Income Tax Ordinance (New Version) – 1961 (hereinafter – “the Ordinance”) was passed in the Knesset. As part of the amendment, OPC’s and Hadera’s income tax rate was reduced by 1.5% to a rate of 25% as from 2016. Furthermore, on December 22, 2016 the Knesset plenum passed the Economic Efficiency Law (Legislative Amendments for Achieving Budget Objectives in the Years 2017 and 2018) – 2016, by which, inter alia, the corporate tax rate would be reduced from 25% to 23% in two steps. The first step will be to a rate of 24% as from January 2017 and the second step will be to a rate of 23% as from January 2018.

F - 66

Note 24 – Income Taxes (Cont’d)

3. Tax and deferred tax balances not recorded

Unrecognized deferred tax assets

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Losses for tax purposes		130,147		153,907

In Israel, as of December 31, 2023, the Group has tax loss carryforwards of approximately NIS 650 million (approximately $179 million). OPC did not recognize a deferred tax asset in respect of approximately NIS 150 million (approximately $41 million) in tax losses, since it does not expect that there will be an expected foreseeable taxable income against which the tax benefits can be utilized.

In the United States, as of December 31, 2023, the Group has tax loss carryforwards of approximately $470 million at the federal level. In respect of net operating losses for tax purposes, the Group has tax losses of $89 million, which may be offset for tax purposes in the United States against future income, subject to complying with the conditions of the law, some of which are not under the OPC’s control and, therefore, OPC did not recognize deferred tax assets in respect thereof. These losses will expire in 2027-2037.

Unrecognized deferred tax liabilities

The tax effect on taxable temporary differences of $5 million (2022: $32 million) has not been recorded as this arises from undistributed profits of the Group’s associated companies which the Group does not expect to incur.

4. Safe harbor rules

Singapore does not impose taxes on disposal gains, which are considered to be capital in nature, but imposes tax on income and gains of a trading nature. As such, whenever a gain is realized on the disposal of an asset, the practice of the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore is to rely upon a set of commonly-applied rules in determining the question of capital (not taxable) or revenue (taxable). Under Singapore tax laws, any gains derived by a divesting company from its disposal of ordinary shares in an investee company between June 1, 2012 and December 31, 2027 are generally not taxable if, immediately prior to the date of such disposal, the divesting company has held at least 20% of the ordinary shares in the investee company for a continuous period of at least 24 months.

Note 25 – Earnings per Share

Data used in calculation of the basic / diluted earnings per share

A. (Loss)/profit allocated to the holders of the ordinary shareholders

	For the year ended December 31,
	2023			2022		2021
	$ Thousands
(Loss)/profit for the year attributable to Kenon’s shareholders		(235,978	)		312,652		930,273

B. Number of ordinary shares

	For the year ended December 31
	2023		2022		2021
	Thousands
Weighted Average number of shares used in calculation of basic/diluted earnings per share		53,360		53,885		53,879

F - 67

Note 26 – Segment, Customer and Geographic Information

Financial information of the reportable segments is set forth in the following tables:

	OPC Israel			CPV Group			ZIM			Others			Total
	$ Thousands
2023
Revenue		618,830			72,966			-			-			691,796
Profit/(loss) before taxes		48,750			16,515			(266,906	)		15,892			(185,749	)
Income tax expense		(14,174	)		(4,136	)		-			(6,889	)		(25,199	)
Profit/(loss) from continuing operations		34,576			12,379			(266,906	)		9,003			(210,948	)
Depreciation and amortization		65,659			25,056			-			224			90,939
Financing income		(6,038	)		(5,641	)		-			(27,682	)		(39,361	)
Financing expenses		48,182			16,790			-			1,361			66,333
Other items:
Losses related to ZIM		-			-			860			-			860
Share in profit of CPV excluding share of depreciation and amortization and financing expenses, net		-			156,636			-			-			156,636
Changes in net expenses, not in the ordinary course of     business and/or of a non-recurring nature		-			4,878			-			-			4,878
Share of changes in fair value of derivative financial     instruments		-			(2,168	)		-			-			(2,168	)
Share in (profit)/loss of associated companies		-			(65,566	)		266,046			-			200,480
		107,803			129,985			266,906			(26,097	)		478,597
Adjusted EBITDA		156,553			146,500			-			(10,205	)		292,848
Segment assets		1,673,149			1,102,939			-			629,196			3,405,284
Investments in associated companies		-			703,156			-			-			703,156
														4,108,440
Segment liabilities		1,423,624			609,958			-			4,634			2,038,216

F - 68

Note 26 – Segment, Customer and Geographic Information (Cont’d)

	OPC Israel			CPV Group			ZIM			Others			Total
	$ Thousands
2022
Revenue		516,668			57,289			-			-			573,957
Profit before taxes		23,728			61,039			305,376			(2,504	)		387,639
Income tax expense		(9,522	)		(9,892	)		-			(18,566	)		(37,980	)
Profit/(loss) from continuing operations		14,206			51,147			305,376			(21,070	)		349,659
Depreciation and amortization		47,134			15,519			-			223			62,876
Financing income		(10,301	)		(25,197	)		-			(9,188	)		(44,686	)
Financing expenses		42,062			7,521			-			814			50,397
Other items:
Losses related to ZIM		-			-			727,650			-			727,650
Share in profit of CPV excluding share of depreciation and amortization and financing expenses, net		-			167,862			-			-			167,862
Changes in net expenses, not in the ordinary course of     business and/or of a non-recurring nature		-			2,978			-			-			2,978
Share of changes in fair value of derivative financial     instruments		-			2,383			-			-			2,383
Share in profit of associated companies		-			(85,149	)		(1,033,026	)		-			(1,118,175	)
		78,895			85,917			(305,376	)		(8,151	)		(148,715	)
Adjusted EBITDA		102,623			146,956			-			(10,655	)		238,924
Segment assets		1,503,811			552,569			-			636,263			2,692,643
Investments in associated companies		-			652,358			427,059			-			1,079,417
														3,772,060
Segment liabilities		1,226,395			241,468			-			8,279			1,476,142

F - 69

Note 26 – Segment, Customer and Geographic Information (Cont’d)

	OPC Israel			CPV Group			ZIM			Others			Total
	$ Thousands
2021
Revenue		437,043			50,720			-			-			487,763
(Loss)/profit before taxes		(57,040	)		(60,709	)		1,260,789			(263,398	)		879,642
Income tax benefit/(expense)		10,155			13,696			-			(28,176	)		(4,325	)
(Loss)/profit from continuing operations		(46,885	)		(47,013	)		1,260,789			(291,574	)		875,317
Depreciation and amortization		44,296			13,102			-			242			57,640
Financing income		(2,730	)		(37	)		-			(167	)		(2,934	)
Financing expenses		119,392			24,640			-			263			144,295
Other items:
Losses related to Qoros		-			-			-			251,483			251,483
Losses related to ZIM		-			-			204			-			204
Share in profit of CPV excluding share of depreciation and amortization and financing expenses, net		-			105,668			-			-			105,668
Changes in net expenses, not in the ordinary course of     business and/or of a non-recurring nature		-			929			-			-			929
Share of changes in fair value of derivative financial     instruments		-			44,901			-			-			44,901
Share in losses/(profit) of associated companies		419			10,425			(1,260,993	)		-			(1,250,149	)
		161,377			199,628			(1,260,789	)		251,821			(647,963	)
Adjusted EBITDA		104,337			138,919			-			(11,577	)		231,679
Segment assets		1,481,149			431,474			-			226,337			2,138,960
Investments in associated companies		-			545,242			1,354,212			-			1,899,454
														4,038,414
Segment liabilities		1,324,217			218,004			-			215,907			1,758,128

A. Customer and Geographic Information

Major customers

Following is information on the total sales of the Group to material customers and the percentage of the Group’s total revenues (in $ Thousands):

	2023					2022						2021
Customer	Total revenues		Percentage of revenues of the Group			Total revenues			Percentage of revenues of the Group			Total revenues			Percentage of revenues of the Group
Customer 1		99,945		14.45	%		107,081			18.66	%		93,959			19.26	%
Customer 2		79,000		11.42	%		73,518			12.81	%		70,801			14.52	%
Customer 3		71,013		10.27	%		-	*		-	*		-	*		-	*

* Represents an amount less than 10% of the revenues.

F - 70

Note 26 – Segment, Customer and Geographic Information (Cont’d)

Information based on geographic areas

The Group’s geographic revenues are as follows:

	For the year ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021
	$ Thousands
Israel		618,830		516,668		437,043
United States		72,966		57,289		50,720
Total revenue		691,796		573,957		487,763

The Group’s non-current assets* based on geographic location:

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Israel		1,290,652		1,050,386
United States		745,442		392,734
Others		15		96
Total non-current assets		2,036,109		1,443,216

* Composed of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets.

Seasonality

OPC’s activity in Israel is subject to seasonal fluctuations as a result of changes in the Electricity Authority’s published regulated Time of Use Electricity Tariff (hereinafter – "the TAOZ"). The year is divided into 3 seasons, as follows: Summer (July and August), Winter (December, January and February) and Transition (March through June and September through November). For each season a different tariff is set. The results of OPC are based on the generation component which is part of the TAOZ.

OPC’s activity in the US (through the CPV Group) from generation of electricity are seasonal and are impacted by variable demand, gas and electricity prices, as well as the weather. In general, with respect to power plants running on natural gas, there is higher profitability in periods of the year where the temperatures are the highest or lowest, which are usually in summer and in winter, respectively. Similarly, the profitability of renewable energy production is subject to production volume, which varies based on wind and solar constructions, as well as its electricity price, which tends to be higher in winter, unless there is a fixed contractual price for the project.

Note 27 – Related-party Information

A.   Identity of related parties:

The Group’s related parties include Kenon’s beneficial owners and Kenon’s subsidiaries, affiliates and associates companies. Kenon’s immediate holding company is Ansonia Holdings Singapore B.V. A discretionary trust, in which Mr. Idan Ofer is the ultimate beneficiary, indirectly holds 100% of Ansonia Holdings Singapore B.V.

In the ordinary course of business, some of the Group’s subsidiaries and affiliates engage in business activities with each other.

Ordinary course of business transactions are aggregated in this note. Other than disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements during the period, the Group engaged the following material related party transactions.

Key management personnel of the Company are those persons having the authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Company. The directors, CEO and CFO are considered key management personnel of the Company.

F - 71

Note 27 – Related-party Information (Cont’d)

B. Transactions with directors and officers (Kenon's directors and officers):

Key management personnel compensation
	For the year ended December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Short-term benefits		2,316		2,229
Share-based payments		296		292
		2,612		2,521

C. Transactions with related parties (including associates):

	For the year ended December 31,
	2023			2022			2021
	$ Thousands
Sale of electricity and revenues from provision of services		31,694			94,264			88,004
Cost of sales		(2,620	)		(658	)		7,802
Dividend received from associate		154,672			727,309			143,964
Other expenses/(income), net		479			-			(337	)
Financing (income)/expenses, net		(4,130	)		580			39,901

D. Balances with related parties (including associates):

	As at December 31,
	2023			2022
	Other related parties *
	$ Thousands
Cash and cash equivalent		55,505			176,246
Short-term deposits and restricted cash		-			35,662
Trade receivables and other receivables		33,668			15,421
Other payables		(108	)		(535	)
Loans and Other Liabilities
In US dollar or linked thereto		(43,171	)		(34,524	)

* IC, Israel Chemicals Ltd (“ICL”), Oil Refineries Ltd (“Bazan”).

These balances relate to amounts with entities that are related to Kenon's beneficial owners.

E. For further investment by Kenon into OPC, see Note 11.A.7 and 11.A.8.

F - 72

Note 28 – Financial Instruments

A. General

The Group has international activity in which it is exposed to credit, liquidity and market risks (including currency, interest, inflation and other price risks). In order to reduce the exposure to these risks, the Group holds derivative financial instruments, (including forward transactions, interest rate swap (“SWAP”) transactions, and options) for the purpose of economic (not accounting) hedging of foreign currency risks, inflation risks, commodity price risks, interest risks and risks relating to the price of inputs.

This note presents information about the Group’s exposure to each of the above risks, and the Group’s objectives, policies and processes for measuring and managing the risk.

The risk management of the Group companies is executed by them as part of the ongoing current management of the companies. The Group companies monitor the above risks on a regular basis. The hedge policies with respect to all the different types of exposures are discussed by the boards of directors of the companies.

The comprehensive responsibility for establishing the base for the risk management of the Group and for supervising its implementation lies with the Board of Directors and the senior management of the Group.

B. Credit risk

Counterparty credit risk is the risk that the financial benefits of contracts with a specific counterparty will be lost if a counterparty defaults on their obligations under the contract. This includes any cash amounts owed to the Group by those counterparties, less any amounts owed to the counterparty by the Group where a legal right of set-offs exists and also includes the fair values of contracts with individual counterparties which are included in the financial statements. The maximum exposure to credit risk at each reporting date is the carrying value of each class of financial assets mentioned in this note.  

(1) Exposure to credit risk

The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure. The maximum exposure to credit risk as of year end was:

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
	Carrying amount
Cash and cash equivalents		696,838		535,171
Short-term and long-term deposits and restricted cash		16,769		61,136
Trade receivables and other assets		189,001		122,797
Short-term and long-term derivative instruments		-		16,730
Other investments		215,797		344,780
		1,118,405		1,080,614

Based on the credit risk profiles of the Group’s counterparties relating to the Group’s cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term deposits and restricted cash, trade receivables and other assets, short-term and long-term derivative instruments, the Group has assessed expected credit losses on the financial assets to be immaterial. The maximum exposure to credit risk for trade receivables as of year end, by geographic region was as follows:

	As at December 31,
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Israel		55,865		67,177
United States		12,129		6,723
		67,994		73,900

F - 73

Note 28 – Financial Instruments (Cont’d)

(2) Aging of debts

Set forth below is an aging of the trade receivables:

	As at December 31
	2023		2022
	$ Thousands
Not past due nor impaired		67,994		73,900

No ECL has been recorded on any trade receivable amounts based on historical credit loss data and the Group’s view of economic conditions over the expected lives of the receivables.

Debt securities

The following table provides information about the movement of ECL on other investments as of December 31, 2023:

	ECL on other investments
	2023		2022		2021
	$ Thousands
Balance as at 1 January		732		-		-
Impairment loss on debt securities at FVOCI		642		732		-
Balance as at 31 December		1,374		732		-

C. Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Group’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and adverse credit and market conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Group’s reputation.

The Group manages its liquidity risk by means of holding cash balances, short-term deposits, other liquid financial assets and credit lines.

Set forth below are the anticipated repayment dates of the financial liabilities, including an estimate of the interest payments. This disclosure does not include amounts regarding which there are offset agreements:

	As at December 31, 2023
	Book value		Projected cash flows		Up to 1 year		1-2 years		2-5 years		More than 5 years
	$ Thousands
Non-derivative financial liabilities
Trade payables		70,661		70,661		70,661		-		-		-
Other current liabilities		84,656		84,656		84,656		-		-		-
Lease liabilities including interest payable *		61,428		140,049		4,725		4,856		12,923		117,545
Debentures (including interest payable) *		511,030		559,419		65,669		68,921		313,293		111,536
Loans from banks and others including interest *		1,023,916		1,316,647		173,743		100,209		375,479		667,216
		1,751,691		2,171,432		399,454		173,986		701,695		896,297

* Includes current portion of long-term liabilities.

F - 74

Note 28 – Financial Instruments (Cont’d)

	As at December 31, 2022
	Book value		Projected cash flows		Up to 1 year		1-2 years		2-5 years		More than 5 years
	$ Thousands
Non-derivative financial liabilities
Trade payables		95,036		95,036		95,036		-		-		-
Other current liabilities		17,681		17,681		17,681		-		-		-
Lease liabilities including interest payable *		37,570		46,938		17,812		2,855		6,756		19,515
Debentures (including interest payable) *		526,771		588,997		22,413		66,467		223,939		276,178
Loans from banks and others including interest *		640,348		793,946		44,142		74,438		172,343		503,023
		1,317,406		1,542,598		197,084		143,760		403,038		798,716

* Includes current portion of long-term liabilities.

D. Market risks

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, the CPI, interest rates and prices of capital products and instruments will affect the fair value of the future cash flows of a financial instrument.

The Group buys and sells derivatives in the ordinary course of business, and also incurs financial liabilities, in order to manage market risks. All such transactions are carried out within the guidelines set by the Boards of Directors of the companies. For the most part, the Group companies enter into hedging transactions for purposes of avoiding economic exposures that arise from their operating activities. Most of the transactions entered into do not meet the conditions for recognition as an accounting hedge and, therefore, differences in their fair values are recorded on the statement of profit and loss.

(1) CPI and foreign currency risk

Currency risk

The Group’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar. The exposures of the Group companies are measured with reference to the changes in the exchange rate of the dollar vis-à-vis the other currencies in which it transacts business.

The Group is exposed to currency risk on sales, purchases, assets and liabilities that are denominated in a currency other than the respective functional currencies of the Group entities. The primary exposure is to the Shekel (“NIS”).

The Group uses options and forward exchange contracts on exchange rates for purposes of hedging short-term currency risks, usually up to one year, in order to reduce the risk with respect to the final cash flows in dollars deriving from the existing assets and liabilities and sales and purchases of goods and services within the framework of firm or anticipated commitments, including in relation to future operating expenses.

The Group is exposed to currency risk in relation to loans it has taken out and debentures it has issued in currencies other than the dollar. The principal amounts of these bank loans and debentures have been hedged by swap transactions the repayment date of which corresponds with the payment date of the loans and debentures.

F - 75

Note 28 – Financial Instruments (Cont’d)

The Group has no exposure to foreign currency risk in respect of non-hedging derivative financial instruments in 2023. Relevant information for 2023 is as follows:

	As at December 31, 2023
	Currency/ linkage receivable	Currency/ linkage payable	Amount receivable		Amount payable		Expiration dates		Fair value
			$ Thousands
Forward contracts on exchange rates	Dollar	NIS		5,762		21,066		2024		(175	)

The Group’s exposure to foreign currency risk in respect of hedging derivative financial instruments is as follows:

	As at December 31, 2023
	Currency/ linkage receivable	Currency/ linkage payable	Amount receivable		Amount payable		Expiration dates		Fair value
			$ Thousands
Forward contracts on exchange rates	Dollar	NIS		2,622		9,498		2024		4

	As at December 31, 2022
	Currency/ linkage receivable	Currency/ linkage payable	Amount receivable		Amount payable		Expiration dates		Fair value
			$ Thousands
Forward contracts on exchange rates	Dollar	NIS		5,566		18,912		2023		641

Inflation risk

The Group has CPI-linked loans. The Group is exposed to payments of higher interest and principal as the result of an increase in the CPI. It is noted that part of the Group’s anticipated revenues will be linked to the CPI. The Group does not hedge this exposure beyond the expected hedge included in its revenues.

a. Breakdown of CPI-linked derivative instruments

 The Group’s exposure to index risk with respect to derivative instruments used for hedging purposes is shown below:

	As at December 31, 2023
	Index receivable		Interest payable			Expiration date		Amount of linked principal		Fair value
								$ Thousands
CPI-linked derivative instruments
Interest exchange contract		CPI		1.76	%		2036		81,051		10,268

	As at December 31, 2022
	Index receivable	Interest payable			Expiration date		Amount of linked principal		Fair value
							$ Thousands
CPI-linked derivative instruments
Interest exchange contract	CPI		1.76	%		2036		89,619		9,353

F - 76

Note 28 – Financial Instruments (Cont’d)

b. Exposure to CPI and foreign currency risks

  The Group’s exposure to CPI and foreign currency risk, based on nominal amounts, is as follows:

	As at December 31, 2023
	Foreign currency
	Shekel
	Unlinked			CPI linked			Other
Non-derivative instruments
Cash and cash equivalents		91,247			-			2,263
Short-term deposits and restricted cash		15,218			-			-
Trade receivables		55,865			-			-
Other current assets		10,841			-			72
Total financial assets		173,171			-			2,335
Trade payables		28,479			-			1,633
Other current liabilities		7,545			4,680			116
Loans from banks and others and debentures		779,808			413,811			-
Total financial liabilities		815,832			418,491			1,749
Total non-derivative financial instruments, net		(642,661	)		(418,491	)		586
Derivative instruments		-			10,268			-
Net exposure		(642,661	)		(408,223	)		586

	As at December 31, 2022
	Foreign currency
	Shekel
	Unlinked			CPI linked			Other
Non-derivative instruments
Cash and cash equivalents		165,186			-			1,102
Short-term deposits and restricted cash		35,695			-			-
Trade receivables		10,007			-			-
Other current assets		58,006			-			212
Long-term deposits and restricted cash		15,146			-			-
Total financial assets		284,040			-			1,314
Trade payables		36,669			-			14,734
Other current liabilities		20,930			5,494			640
Loans from banks and others and debentures		583,651			414,071			-
Total financial liabilities		641,250			419,565			15,374
Total non-derivative financial instruments, net		(357,210	)		(419,565	)		(14,060	)
Derivative instruments		-			9,353			-
Net exposure		(357,210	)		(410,212	)		(14,060	)

F - 77

Note 28 – Financial Instruments (Cont’d)

c. Sensitivity analysis

A strengthening of the dollar exchange rate by 5% – 10% against the following currencies and change of the CPI in rate of 1% – 2% would have increased (decreased) the net income or net loss and the equity by the amounts shown below. This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant.

	As at December 31, 2023
	10% increase			5% increase			5% decrease			10% decrease
	$ Thousands
Non-derivative instruments
Shekel/dollar		1,208			604			(604	)		(1,208	)
Shekel/EUR		43			22			(22	)		(43	)
dollar/EUR		(15,855	)		(7,928	)		7,928			15,855

	As at December 31, 2023
	2% increase			1% increase			1% decrease		2% decrease
	$ Thousands
Non-derivative instruments
CPI		(6,114	)		(3,058	)		3,058		6,114

	As at December 31, 2022
	10% increase			5% increase			5% decrease		10% decrease
	$ Thousands
Non-derivative instruments
Shekel/dollar		(7,375	)		(3,687	)		3,687		7,375
Shekel/EUR		(1,094	)		(547	)		547		1,094

	As at December 31, 2022
	2% increase			1% increase			1% decrease		2% decrease
	$ Thousands
Non-derivative instruments
CPI		(6,306	)		(3,153	)		3,153		6,306

(2) Interest rate risk

The Group is exposed to changes in the interest rates with respect to loans bearing interest at variable rates, as well as in relation to swap transactions of liabilities in foreign currency for dollar liabilities bearing a variable interest rate.

The Group has not set a policy limiting the exposure and it hedges this exposure based on forecasts of future interest rates.

The Group enters into transactions mainly to reduce the exposure to cash flow risk in respect of interest rates. The transactions include interest rate swaps and “collars”. In addition, options are acquired and written for hedging the interest rate at different rates.

F - 78

Note 28 – Financial Instruments (Cont’d)

Type of interest

Set forth below is detail of the type of interest borne by the Group’s interest-bearing financial instruments:

	As at December 31,
	2023			2022
	Carrying amount
	$ Thousands
Fixed rate instruments
Financial assets		311,951			549,467
Financial liabilities		(864,953	)		(837,698	)
		(553,002	)		(288,231	)
Variable rate instruments
Financial assets		54,408			4,827
Financial liabilities		(665,080	)		(324,887	)
		(610,672	)		(320,060	)

The Group’s assets and liabilities bearing fixed interest are not measured at fair value through the statement of profit and loss and the Group does not designate derivatives interest rate swaps as hedging instruments under a fair value hedge accounting model. Therefore, a change in the interest rates as of the date of the report would not be expected to affect the income or loss with respect to changes in the value of fixed – interest assets and liabilities.

A change of 100 basis points in interest rate at reporting date would have (decreased)/increased profit and loss before tax by the amounts below. This analysis assumes that all variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remain constant.

	As at December 31, 2023
	100bp increase			100 bp decrease
	$ Thousands
Variable rate instruments		(6,107	)		6,107

	As at December 31, 2022
	100bp increase			100 bp decrease
	$ Thousands
Variable rate instruments		(3,201	)		3,201

A change of 1.0% – 1.5% in the SOFR interest rate at reporting date would have increased/(decreased) the net income or net loss and the equity by the amounts below. This analysis assumes that all variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remain constant.

	As at December 31, 2023
	1.5% decrease			1.0% decrease			1.0% increase			1.5% increase
	$ Thousands
Long-term loans (SOFR)		(2,538	)		(1,691	)		1,691			2,538
Interest rate swaps (SOFR)		1,555			1,036			(1,036	)		(1,555	)

F - 79

Note 28 – Financial Instruments (Cont’d)

The Group’s exposure to SOFR interest rate risk for derivative financial instruments used for hedging is as follows:

	As at December 31, 2023
		Linkage receivable	Interest rate		Expiration date			Amount of the linked reserve		Fair value
							$ Thousands
Interest rate swaps		USD SOFR interest		0.83%-4.0%		2030-2041			185,478		4,138

E. Fair value

(1) Fair value compared with carrying value

The Group’s financial instruments include mainly non-derivative assets, such as: cash and cash equivalents, investments, deposits and short-term loans, receivables and debit balances, investments and long-term receivables; non-derivative liabilities: such as: short-term credit, payables and credit balances, long-term loans, finance leases and other liabilities; as well as derivative financial instruments. In addition, fair value disclosure of lease liabilities is not required.

Due to their nature, the fair value of the financial instruments included in the Group’s working capital is generally identical or approximates the book value.

The following table shows in detail the carrying amount and the fair value of financial instrument groups presented in the financial statements not in accordance with their fair value.

	As at December 31, 2023
	Carrying amount		Fair value
Liabilities	$ Thousands
Non-convertible debentures		511,030		485,196
Long-term loans from banks and others (excluding interest)		898,546		906,911
Loans from non-controlling interests		125,252		127,960

	As at December 31, 2022
	Carrying amount		Fair value
Liabilities	$ Thousands
Non-convertible debentures		526,771		492,714
Long-term loans from banks and others (excluding interest)		516,195		528,011
Loans from non-controlling interests		124,153		113,673

The fair value of long-term loans from banks and others (excluding interest) is classified as level 2, and measured using the technique of discounting the future cash flows with respect to the principal component and the discounted interest using the market interest rate on the measurement date.

(2) Hierarchy of fair value

The following table presents an analysis of the financial instruments measured at fair value, using an evaluation method. The various levels were defined as follows:

– Level 1: Quoted prices (not adjusted) in an active market for identical instruments.

– Level 2: Observed data, direct or indirect, not included in Level 1 above.

– Level 3: Data not based on observed market data.

F - 80

Note 28 – Financial Instruments (Cont’d)

Other investments are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (Level 1).

Derivative instruments are measured at fair value using a Level 2 valuation method – observable data, directly or indirectly, which are not included in quoted prices in an active market for identical instruments. See Note 28.D.1 for further details.

Level 3 financial instrument measured at fair value

As of December 31, 2023, the fair value of long-term investment (Qoros) remains at zero (2022: $nil).

(3) Data and measurement of the fair value of financial instruments at Level 2 and 3

Level 2

The fair value of forward contracts on foreign currency is determined using trading programs that are based on market prices. The market price is determined based on a weighting of the exchange rate and the appropriate interest coefficient for the period of the transaction along with an index of the relevant currencies.

The fair value of contracts for exchange (SWAP) of interest rates and fuel prices is determined using trading programs which incorporate market prices, the remaining term of the contract and the credit risks of the parties to the contract.

The fair value of currency and interest exchange (SWAP) transactions is valued using discounted future cash flows at the market interest rate for the remaining term.

The fair value of transactions used to hedge inflation is valued using discounted future cash flows which incorporate the forward CPI curve, and market interest rates for the remaining term.

If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or liability might be categorized in different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.

The fair value of marketable securities held for trade is determined using the ‘Discounts for Lack of Marketability’ (“DLOM”) valuation method, which is a method used to calculate the value of restricted securities. The method purports that the only difference between a company’s common stock and its restricted securities is the lack of marketability of the restricted securities which is derived from the price difference between both prices.

Level 3

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the fair value of the long-term investment (Qoros) was based on the present value of the expected cash flows. Included in the long-term investment (Qoros) are the 12% interests in Qoros (as described in Note 10.3) and the put option (as described in Note 10.2). For the purposes of management’s fair value assessment of the long-term investment (Qoros), management takes into consideration factors including market risk and credit risk exposures, publicly available information and financial information of the New Qoros Investor and Qoros for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

The following table shows the valuation techniques used in measuring Level 3 fair values as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, as well as the significant unobservable inputs used.

Type	Valuation technique	Significant unobservable data	Inter-relationship between significant unobservable inputs and fair value measurement
Long-term investment (Qoros)	The Group assessed the fair value of the long-term investment (Qoros) using the present value of the expected cash flows.	The likelihood of expected cash flows.	The estimated fair value would increase if the likelihood of expected cash flows increase.

F - 81

Note 29 – Subsequent Events

1. Kenon

Dividend

In March 2024, Kenon’s board of directors approved a cash dividend of $3.80 per share (an aggregate amount of approximately $200 million), payable to Kenon’s shareholders of record as of the close of trading on April 8, 2024, for payment on or about April 15, 2024.

2. OPC

Series D Debentures

In January 2024, OPC issued Series D debentures at a par value of approximately NIS 200 million (approximately $55 million), with the proceeds of the issuance designated for OPC’s needs, including for restructuring of an existing financial debt. The debentures are listed on the TASE, are not CPI-linked and bear annual interest of 6.2%.

F - 82

Kenon Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries

Statement of Financial Position as at December 31, 2023 and 2022

Statement of financial position of the Company

	Note		2023 $’000		2022 $’000
Non-current assets
Investment in subsidiaries		32		578,351		578,351
Investment in associate		33		148,338		148,338
Other non-current assets				14		91
Right-of-use asset, net				429		571
				727,132		727,351
Current assets
Prepayments and other receivables		34		2,697		5,373
Other investments		7		215,797		344,780
Cash and cash equivalents				418,379		293,118
Total current assets				636,873		643,271
Total assets				1,364,005		1,370,622
Equity
Share capital		19		50,134		50,134
Capital reserve				14,169		7,099
Accumulated profit				1,289,670		1,300,486
Total equity				1,353,973		1,357,719
Non-current liability
Long-term lease liability, representing total non-current liability				321		470
Current liabilities
Other payables		35		5,704		6,313
Accruals				3,858		5,979
Current maturities of lease liability				149		141
Total current liabilities				9,711		12,433
Total liabilities				10,032		12,903
Total equity and liabilities				1,364,005		1,370,622

F - 83

Notes to the Financial Statements

Note 30 – Basis of preparation

30.1 Statement of compliance

The statements of financial position have been prepared in accordance with the Group’s basis of preparation (see Note 2 of consolidated financial statements).

Note 31 – Material accounting policies

In addition to the material accounting policies disclosed in Note 3, the accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to the statements of financial position.

31.1 Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Company. The Company controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity.

Investments in subsidiaries are stated in the Company’s statements of financial position at cost less accumulated impairment losses.

31.2 Investment in associate

Associates are entities in which the Company has significant influence, but not control, over the financial and operating policies. Significant influence is presumed to exist when the Company holds between 20% and 50% of another entity. In assessing significant influence, potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or convertible into shares of the investee are taken into account.

Associates are stated in the Company’s statements of financial position at cost less accumulated impairment losses.

31.3 Impairment

An impairment loss in respect of subsidiaries and associate is measured by comparing the recoverable amount of the investment with its carrying amount. An impairment loss is recognized in profit or loss, and is reversed if there has been a favorable change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount.

Non-financial assets

At each reporting date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its non-financial assets (other than inventories and deferred tax assets) to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount.

The recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. Value in use is based on the estimated future cash flows, discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or CGU.

For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or CGU.

Impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss. They are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU, and then to reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the CGU on a pro rata basis.

An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized.

F - 84

Note 32 – Investment in subsidiaries

	2023 $’000			2022 $’000
Investment at cost1		673,945			673,945
Impairment losses		(95,594	)		(95,594	)
		578,351			578,351

1 As described in Note 1.A, in 2015 Kenon and IC entered into a Separation and Distribution Agreement. As part of the spin-off under the agreement, certain IC subsidiaries were transferred to the Company by means of issuance of shares. The cost of subsidiaries transferred was recorded in the Company’s balance sheet based on their underlying book values. As at December 31, 2023, the unquoted equity investment of $674 million (2022: $674 million) includes net liabilities at the date of the spin-off, of those remaining subsidiaries transferred to the Company under the spin-off.

The movement in the allowance for impairment in respect of investment in subsidiaries during the year was as follows:

	2023 $’000		2022 $’000
At January 1		95,594		95,594
Impairment charge		-		-
At December 31		95,594		95,594

In 2021, as a result of the assessment described in Note 10.5, Kenon fully impaired its investment in Quantum to zero, resulting in an impairment charge of $38 million. There were no significant changes in circumstances in 2023 as compared to 2021, therefore, management has assessed that there is no change in fair value of Qoros.

Details of the subsidiaries are as follows:

Name of subsidiary	Principal activities	Principal place of business	2023		2022
			%		%
I.C. Power Asia Development Ltd1	Investment holding	Israel		100		100
IC Power Ltd.	Investment holding	Singapore		100		100
Kenon TJ Holdings Pte. Ltd.	Investment holding	Singapore		100		100
Kenon UK Services Ltd	Management services	United Kingdom		100		100
OPC Energy Ltd.	Generation of electricity	Israel, United States		54.69		54.70
Quantum (2007) LLC	Investment holding	United States		100		100
IC Green Energy Ltd	Investment holding	Israel		100		100
Barkeria Limited	Investment holding	Singapore		100		100

 1 I.C. Power Asia Development Ltd (“ICPAD”) is currently in the process of liquidation.

F - 85

Note 33 – Investment in associate

	2023 $’000		2022 $’000
Investment at cost		148,338		148,338

Name of associate	Principal activities	Principal place of business	Ownership interest
			2023		2022
			%		%
ZIM Integrated Shipping Services Ltd.	Shipping services	International		20.65		20.68

Due to options exercised during the year, ZIM issued approximately 137 thousand (2022: 407 thousand) shares resulting in the decrease in Kenon’s interest in ZIM. Refer to Note 9.B.a.3 for further details. For financial information on ZIM, refer to Note 9.A.

Note 34 – Prepayments and other receivables

	2023		2022
	$’000		$’000
Amount due from subsidiaries, non-trade1		2,154		1,697
Other receivables		70		3,012
Prepayments		473		664
		2,697		5,373

1 These amounts are unsecured, interest free and repayable on demand.

Note 35 – Other payables

	2023		2022
	$’000		$’000
Amount due to subsidiaries, non-trade1		5,517		5,712
Other payables		187		601
		5,704		6,313

1 Mainly relates to a loan due to ICPAD that is unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand.

Note 36 - Financial instruments

Financial risk management

Overview

The Company has exposure to the following risks from its use of financial instruments:

•     credit risk

•     market risk

•     liquidity risk

This note presents information about the Company’s exposure to each of the above risks, the Company’s objectives, policies and processes for measuring and managing risk, and the Company’s management of capital.

F - 86

Note 36 – Financial instruments (Cont’d)

Risk management framework

The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company’s risk management. Management is responsible for developing and monitoring the Company’s risk management. Management reports regularly to the Board of Directors on its activities.

Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations and arises principally from the Company’s cash and cash equivalent, other receivables and deposits.

The carrying amount of financial assets in the statement of financial position represents the Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk. The Company does not hold any collateral in respect of its financial assets.

The cash and cash equivalents are held with bank and financial institution counterparties, which are rated A- (or equivalent) and above by independent rating agencies. Refer to Note 28 for further information on credit risk.

Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates and equity prices will affect the Company’s value of its holdings of financial instruments. The objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, while optimizing the return.

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of the Company’s financial instruments will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company’s exposure to changes in interest rates relates primarily to the Company’s cash balances placed with financial institutions. The Company has no significant exposure to interest rate risk.

Currency risk

The Company is exposed to currency risk on sales, purchases and borrowings that are denominated in a currency other than the Company’s functional currency, the US dollar (USD). The currencies in which these transactions primarily are denominated are Chinese yuan (CNY), British pound (GBP), Israel shekel (NIS) and Singapore dollar (SGD).

In respect of other monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, the Company’s policy is to ensure that its net exposure is kept to an acceptable level by buying or selling foreign currencies at spot rates when necessary to address short-term imbalances.

Exposure to currency risk

At the reporting date, the Company’s exposure to significant foreign currency risk was as follows:

	2023 $’000			2022 $’000
Cash & cash equivalents (SGD)		487			633
Cash & cash equivalents (GBP)		170			190
Other receivables (SGD)		70			212
Other payables (SGD)		(59	)		(87	)
Other payables (NIS)		(50	)		(73	)
Other payables (GBP)		(435	)		(424	)
Accrual (SGD)		(32	)		(39	)
Accrual (NIS)		(159	)		(60	)
Accrual (CNY)		(18	)		(36	)

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Note 36 – Financial instruments (Cont’d)

Sensitivity analysis

A weakening (strengthening) of the foreign currency, as indicated below, against the US dollar as of December 31 would have increased/(decreased) profit or loss by the amounts shown below. This analysis is based on foreign currency exchange rate variances that the Company considered to be reasonably possible at the end of the reporting period. The analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant and ignores any impact of forecasted sales and purchases.

	Profit or loss for the year ended December 31,
	2023			2022
	$’000
SGD (5% strengthening)		23			36
NIS (5% strengthening)		(10	)		(7	)
GBP (5% strengthening)		(13	)		(12	)
SGD (5% weakening)		(23	)		(36	)
NIS (5% strengthening)		10			7
GBP (5% weakening)		13			12

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset.  The Company’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company’s reputation.

The Company monitors its liquidity and maintains a level of cash and cash equivalents deemed adequate by management to finance the Company’s operations and to mitigate the effects of fluctuations in cash flows.

The contractual obligations of financial liabilities as at financial year end are as follows:

	Carrying amount		Contractual cash flows		Up to 1 year		1 – 2 years		2 - 5 years
	$’000		$’000		$’000		$’000		$’000
At December 31, 2023
Financial liabilities
Other payables		5,704		5,704		5,704		-		-
Accruals		3,858		3,858		3,858		-		-
Lease liability including interest*		470		509		170		339		-
		10,032		10,071		9,732		339		-
At December 31, 2022
Financial liabilities
Other payables		6,313		6,313		6,313		-		-
Accruals		5,979		5,979		5,979		-		-
Lease liability including interest*		611		679		170		339		170
		12,903		12,971		12,462		339		170

* Includes current portion of long-term liability

It is not expected that the cash flows included in the maturity analysis above could occur significantly earlier, or at significantly higher amounts.

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