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Revenue Recognition
 12 Months Ended
Aug. 25, 2021
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Recognition Revenue Recognition
Under the going concern basis of accounting, we recognized revenue as described below. Under the liquidation basis of accounting, we estimate the cash receipts from food and beverage sales at each of our restaurants, and fees under our CCS contracts. We estimate these expected cash receipts from operating these businesses through the point when we expect the operations of these businesses or individual income producing properties are sold to a new owner or when we otherwise estimate operations cease. This estimated ending period for operating these businesses and individual income producing property generally varies from first quarter of fiscal 2022 through the third quarter of fiscal 2022. These estimated revenues are included in the calculation of estimated costs in excess of estimated receipts during liquidation on our consolidated statement of net assets in liquidation. Estimated proceeds from the sale of our operating businesses and real estate assets are recorded separately from the estimated operating revenues and are included in properties and business units for sale on our consolidated statement of net assets in liquidation.
Restaurant Sales
Under the going concern basis of accounting, restaurant sales consisted of sales of food and beverage products to restaurant guests at our Luby’s cafeterias and our Fuddruckers and Cheeseburger in Paradise restaurants. Revenue from restaurant sales was recognized at the point of sale and was presented net of discounts, coupons, employee meals and complimentary meals. Sales taxes that we collected and remitted to the appropriate taxing authority related to these sales were excluded from revenue. Under the liquidation basis of accounting, we have estimated the sales to be collected at each restaurant through the point when we estimate that operations at each restaurant no longer occur under our ownership. This estimated point when we no longer operate restaurants varies based on whether the restaurant location is operated as a Luby's cafeteria or a Fuddruckers restaurant, whether the restaurant location is situated on property we own or lease, and other factors. While we have sold the Fuddruckers Restaurant brand in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021 and we sold the Luby's Cafeteria brand in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 (see Note 2. Subsequent Events), we continue to own certain Luby's cafeterias and Fuddruckers restaurants that are operated under management agreements with the new owners of the brands. However, it is estimated that, as we sell the real estate or negotiate lease terminations for the properties, most of these restaurants will no longer be operating by the end of calendar year 2021. During this holding period when we operate restaurants, sales are estimated based on recent sales history and consideration of historical seasonal patterns.
We sell gift cards to our customers in our venues and through certain third-party distributors. These gift cards do not expire and do not incur a service fee on unused balances. Under the going concern basis of accounting, sales of gift cards to our restaurant customers were initially recorded as a contract liability, included in accrued expenses and other liabilities, at their expected redemption value. When gift cards were redeemed, we recognized revenue and reduced the contract liability. Discounts on gift cards sold by third parties were recorded as a reduction to accrued expenses and other liabilities and were recognized as a reduction to revenue over a period that approximated redemption patterns. The portion of gift cards sold to customers that are never redeemed is commonly referred to as gift card breakage. We recognized gift card breakage revenue in proportion to the pattern of gift card redemptions exercised by our customers, using an estimated breakage rate based on our historical experience. Under the liquidation basis of accounting, the unredeemed gift card balance, net of estimated breakage, is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on our consolidated statement of net assets in liquidation.
CCS revenue
Our CCS segment provides food, beverage and catering services to our clients at their locations. Depending on the type of client and service, we are either paid directly by our client and/or directly by the customer to whom we have been provided access by our client.
We typically use one of the following types of client contracts in our CCS business:
Fee-Based Contracts
Revenue from fee-based contracts was based on our costs incurred and invoiced to the client for reimbursement along with the agreed management fee, which may be calculated as a fixed dollar amount or a percentage of sales or other variable measure. Some fee-based contracts entitle us to receive incentive fees based upon our performance under the contract, as measured by factors such as sales, operating costs and client satisfaction surveys. This potential incentive revenue was allocated entirely to the management services performance obligation. Under the going concern basis of accounting, we recognized revenue from our management fee and payroll cost reimbursement over time as the services were performed; and we recognized revenue from our food and third party purchases reimbursement at the point in time when the vendor delivered the goods or performed the services.
Profit and Loss Contracts
Revenue from profit and loss contracts consisted primarily of sales made to consumers, typically with little or no subsidy charged to clients. Under the going concern basis of accounting, revenue was recognized at the point of sale to the consumer. Sales taxes that we collected and remitted to the appropriate taxing authority related to these sales were excluded from revenue.
As part of client contracts, we sometimes make payments to clients, such as concession rentals, vending commissions and profit share. These payments were accounted for as operating costs when incurred.
Revenue from the sale of frozen foods included royalty fees based on a percentage of frozen food sales and was recognized at the point in time when product was delivered by our contracted manufacturers to the retail outlet.
Under the liquidation basis of accounting, we have estimated the cash receipts, based on recent cash collections and forecasted level of operations for our CCS contracts through the expected holding period for this business unit. The estimated cash receipts are included in the calculation of estimated costs in excess of estimated receipts on our consolidated statement of net assets in liquidation.
Franchise revenues
Franchise revenues consisted primarily of royalties, marketing and advertising fund (“MAF”) contributions, initial and renewal franchise fees, and upfront fees from area development agreements related to our Fuddruckers Restaurant brand. Our performance obligations under franchise agreements consisted of: (1) a franchise license, including a license to use our brand and MAF management, (2) pre-opening services, such as training and inspections and (3) ongoing services, such as development of training materials and menu items as well as restaurant monitoring and inspections. These performance obligations are highly interrelated, so we do not consider them to be individually distinct. We accounted for them as a single performance obligation, which was satisfied over time by providing a right to use our intellectual property over the term of each franchise agreement.
Royalties, including franchisee MAF contributions, are calculated as a percentage of franchise restaurant sales. MAF contributions paid by franchisees are used for the creation and development of brand advertising, marketing and public relations, merchandising research and related programs, activities and materials. The initial franchisee fee is payable upon execution of the franchise agreement and the renewal fee is due and payable at the expiration of the initial term of the franchise agreement. Our franchise agreement royalties, including advertising fund contributions, represent sales-based royalties that are related entirely to our performance obligation under the franchise agreement and were recognized as franchise sales occur.
Under the going concern basis of accounting, initial and renewal franchise fees and area development fees were recognized as revenue over the term of the respective agreement. Area development fees are not distinct from franchise fees, so upfront fees paid by franchisees for exclusive development rights were deferred and apportioned to each franchise restaurant opened by the franchisee. The pro-rata amount apportioned to each restaurant was accounted for as an initial franchise fee.
Revenue from vending machine sales was recorded at the point in time when the sale occurred.
We sold our Fuddruckers Franchise business in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021. As such, there are no estimated cash receipts from this business included in the calculation of estimated costs in excess of estimated receipts on our consolidated statement of net assets in liquidation as of August 25, 2021.
Contract Liabilities
Contract liabilities consisted of (1) deferred revenue resulting from initial and renewal franchise fees and upfront area development fees paid by franchisees, which, under the going concern basis of accounting, were generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the underlying agreement, (2) liability for unused gift cards and (3) unamortized discount on gift cards sold to third party retailers. These contract liabilities are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet as of August 26, 2020. The following table reflects the change in contract liabilities for the fiscal year ended August 26, 2020, under the going concern basis of accounting:
Gift Cards, net of discountsFranchise Fees
(In thousands)
Balance at August 28, 2019$2,880 $1,287 
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the year(1,011)(128)
Increase, net of amounts recognized as revenue during the period1,541 — 
Balance at August 26, 2020$3,410 $1,159 
Disaggregation of Total Revenues
For the 12 week period ended November 18, 2020, total sales of $41.9 million was comprised of revenue from performance obligations satisfied at a point in time of $38.5 million and revenue from performance obligations satisfied over time of $3.4 million. For the fiscal year ended August 26, 2020, total sales of $214.0 million was comprised of revenue from performance obligations satisfied over time of $18.5 million and revenue from performance obligations satisfied at a point in time of $195.5 million.
See Note 8. Reportable Segments for disaggregation of revenue by reportable segment.