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Note 1. Business Description and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation:
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of all domestic and foreign subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates:
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts included in the Consolidated Financial Statements and related note disclosures. While efforts are made to assure estimates used are reasonably accurate based on management’s knowledge of current events, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Segment Reporting
Segment Information:
Kimball Electronics has business units located in the United States, China, Mexico, Poland, Romania, and Thailand, and each of these business units qualify as operating segments. In addition, GES has operations located in the United States, China, India, Japan, and Vietnam. The GES operations qualify as a single operating segment with its group results regularly reviewed by our chief operating decision maker, which is our Chief Executive Officer.
Our operating segments meet the aggregation criteria under the current accounting guidance for segment reporting. As of June 30, 2020, all of our operating segments provide contract manufacturing services, including engineering and supply chain support, for the production of electronic assemblies and other products including medical disposables, precision molded plastics, and automation, test, and inspection equipment primarily in automotive, medical, industrial, and public safety applications, to the specifications and designs of our customers. The nature of the products, the production process, the type of customers, and the methods used to distribute the products have similar characteristics. Each of our operating segments service customers in multiple markets, and many of our customers’ programs are manufactured and serviced by multiple operating segments. We leverage global processes such as component procurement and customer pricing that provide commonality and consistency among the various regions in which we operate. All of our operating segments have similar long-term economic characteristics, and as such, have been aggregated into one reportable segment.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition:
We recognize revenue in accordance with the standard issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), Revenue from Contracts with Customers and all the related amendments (“New Revenue Guidance”). Our revenue from contracts with customers is generated primarily from manufacturing services provided for the production of electronic assemblies, components, medical disposables, precision molded plastics, and automation, test, and inspection equipment built to customer’s specifications. Our customer agreements are generally not for a definitive term but continue for the relevant product’s life cycle. Typically, our customer agreements do not commit the customer to purchase our services until a purchase order is provided, which is generally short term in nature. Customer purchase orders primarily have a single performance obligation. Generally, the prices stated in the customer purchase orders are agreed upon prices for the manufactured product and do not vary over the term of the order, and therefore, the majority of our contracts do not contain variable consideration. In limited circumstances, we may enter into a contract where we offer our customer a rebate for specific volume thresholds or other incentives; in these cases, the rebates or incentives are accounted for as variable consideration.
The majority of our revenue is recognized over time as manufacturing services are performed as we manufacture a product to customer specifications with no alternative use and we have an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. The remaining revenue for manufacturing services is recognized when the customer obtains control of the product, typically either upon shipment or delivery of the product dependent on the terms of the contract, and the customer is able to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the asset. We generally recognize revenue over time using costs based input methods, in which judgment is required to evaluate assumptions including the total estimated costs to determine our progress towards contract completion and to calculate the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize. Estimated costs include material, direct and indirect labor, and appropriate applied overheads. Costs based input methods are considered a faithful depiction of our efforts and progress toward satisfying our performance obligations for manufacturing services and for which we believe we are entitled to payment for performance completed to date. The cumulative effect of revisions to estimates related to net contract revenues or costs are recorded in the period in which the revisions to estimates are identified and the amounts can be reasonably estimated.
We have elected to account for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill our promise to transfer the associated services and products. Accordingly, we record customer payments of shipping and handling costs as a component of net sales and classify such costs as a component of cost of sales. We recognize sales net of applicable sales or value add taxes. Based on estimated product returns and price concessions, a reserve for returns and allowances is recorded at the time revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of net revenue.
Direct incremental costs to obtain and fulfill a contract are capitalized as a contract asset only if they are material, expected to be recovered, and are not accounted for in accordance with other guidance. Incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract are recognized as expense in the period incurred.
On July 1, 2018, we adopted the New Revenue Guidance for all contracts using the modified retrospective transition method. Prior to fiscal year 2019, we recognized revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement existed, delivery occurred, the sales price was fixed or determinable, and collectability was reasonably assured. Delivery was not considered to have occurred until the title and the risk of loss passed to the customer according to the terms of the contract. Title and risk of loss were considered transferred upon shipment to or receipt at our customers’ locations, or in limited circumstances, as determined by other specific sales terms of the transaction.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents:
Cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of acquisition. Cash and cash equivalents consist of bank accounts and money market funds. Bank accounts are stated at cost, which approximates fair value, and money market funds are stated at fair value.
Notes Receivable and Trade Accounts Receivable
Notes Receivable and Trade Accounts Receivable:
The Company’s notes receivable and trade accounts receivable are recorded per the terms of the agreement or sale, and accrued interest is recognized when earned. We determine on a case-by-case basis the cessation of accruing interest, the resumption of accruing interest, the method of recording payments received on nonaccrual receivables, and the delinquency status for our limited number of notes receivable.
Our policy for estimating the allowance for credit losses on trade accounts receivable and notes receivable includes analysis of such items as aging, credit worthiness, payment history, and historical bad debt experience. Management uses these specific analyses in conjunction with an evaluation of the general economic and market conditions to determine the final allowance for credit losses on the trade accounts receivable and notes receivable. Management believes that historical loss information generally provides a basis for its assessment of expected credit losses. Trade accounts receivable and notes receivable are written off after exhaustive collection efforts occur and the receivable is deemed uncollectible. Our limited amount of notes receivable allows management to monitor the risks, credit quality indicators, collectability, and probability of impairment on an individual basis. Adjustments to the allowance for credit losses are recorded in selling and administrative expenses.
In the ordinary course of business, customers periodically negotiate extended payment terms on trade accounts receivable.  Customary terms require payment within 30 to 45 days, with any terms beyond 45 days being considered extended payment terms. We may utilize accounts receivable factoring arrangements with third-party financial institutions in order to extend terms for the customer without negatively impacting our cash flow.  These arrangements in all cases do not contain recourse provisions which would obligate us in the event of our customers’ failure to pay.  Receivables are considered sold when they are transferred beyond the reach of Kimball Electronics and its creditors, the purchaser has the right to pledge or exchange the receivables, and we have surrendered control over the transferred receivables.
Banker's Acceptance Drafts
One of our China operations, in limited circumstances, may receive banker’s acceptance drafts from customers as payment on account. The banker’s acceptance drafts are non-interest bearing and primarily mature within six months from the origination date. The Company has the ability to sell the drafts at a discount or transfer the drafts in settlement of current accounts payable prior to the scheduled maturity date.
Inventories
Inventories:
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes material, labor, and applicable manufacturing overhead. Costs associated with underutilization of capacity are expensed as incurred. Inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method. Inventories are adjusted for excess and obsolete inventory. Evaluation of excess inventory includes such factors as anticipated usage, inventory turnover, inventory levels, and product demand levels. Factors considered when evaluating obsolescence include the age of on-hand inventory and reduction in value due to damage, design changes, or cessation of product lines.
Property, Equipment, and Depreciation
Property, Equipment, and Depreciation:
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful life of the assets using the straight-line method for financial reporting purposes. Major maintenance activities and improvements are capitalized; other maintenance and repairs are expensed. Depreciation and expenses for maintenance and repairs are included in both Cost of Sales and Selling and Administrative Expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets:
We perform reviews for impairment of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment is recognized when estimated future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its carrying amount. When an impairment is identified, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced to its estimated fair value. Assets to be disposed of are recorded at the lower of net book value or fair market value less cost to sell at the date management commits to a plan of disposal.
Goodwill
Goodwill:
Goodwill represents the difference between the purchase price and the related underlying tangible and intangible net asset fair values resulting from business acquisitions. Annually, or if conditions indicate an earlier review is necessary, goodwill is assessed or tested at the reporting unit level.  If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, goodwill is written down to its estimated fair value. See section entitled “New Accounting Standards” below for more information on the adoption of accounting guidance for simplifying the test for goodwill impairment.
To test for goodwill impairment, we use a combination of the Income Approach and the Market Approach. The discounted cash flow method (Income Approach) uses forecasted information based on management’s strategic plans and projections. Discount rates are developed using a weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) methodology. The WACC represents the blended average required rate of return for equity and debt capital based on observed market return data and company specific risk factors. In the Market Approach, fair value is determined using transactional evidence for similar publicly traded equity.
Other Intangible Assets
Other Intangible Assets:
Other Intangible Assets reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of capitalized software, customer relationships, technology, and trade name. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment, and their remaining useful lives evaluated for revision, when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable over the remaining lives of the assets. Internal-use software is stated at cost less accumulated amortization and is amortized using the straight-line method. During the software application development stage, capitalized costs include external consulting costs, cost of software licenses, and could include internal payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with a software project. Upgrades and enhancements are capitalized if they result in added functionality which enable the software to perform tasks it was previously incapable of performing. Software maintenance, training, data conversion, and business process reengineering costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.
Research and Development
Research and Development:
The costs of research and development are expensed as incurred.
Insurance and Self-insurance
Insurance and Self-insurance:
We are self-insured up to certain limits for general liability, workers’ compensation, and certain domestic employee health benefits including medical, short-term disability, and dental, with the related liabilities included in the accompanying financial statements. Our policy is to estimate reserves based upon a number of factors including known claims, estimated incurred but not reported claims, and other analyses, which are based on historical information along with certain assumptions about future events. Approximately 20% of the workforce is covered under self-insured medical and short-term disability plans. At June 30, 2020 and 2019, accrued liabilities for self-insurance exposure were $1.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively.
The remainder of our workforce not covered by self-insured plans have medical and disability coverage through either our external plans or government plans. Insurance benefits are not provided to retired employees.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes:
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities, recorded in Other Assets and Other long-term liabilities, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. These assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. We evaluate the recoverability of deferred tax assets each quarter by assessing the likelihood of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize our deferred tax assets. If recovery is not likely, we provide a valuation allowance based on our best estimate of future taxable income in the various taxing jurisdictions and the amount of deferred taxes ultimately realizable. Future events could change management’s assessment.
Income Tax Uncertainties
We operate within multiple taxing jurisdictions and are subject to tax audits in these jurisdictions. These audits can involve complex uncertain tax positions, which may require an extended period of time to resolve. A tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. We maintain a liability for uncertain income tax and other tax positions, including accrued interest and penalties on those positions. As tax positions are effectively settled, the tax liability is adjusted accordingly. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in Provision for Income Taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Concentrations of Credit Risk:
We have business and credit risks associated with our customers concentrated in the automotive, medical, industrial, and public safety industries. The Company monitors credit quality and associated risks of receivables on an individual basis based on criteria such as financial stability of the party and collection experience in conjunction with general economic and market conditions.
Off-Balance-Sheet Risk
Off-Balance Sheet Risk:
Off-balance sheet arrangements are limited to banker’s acceptance drafts transferred with recourse provisions at one of the Company’s China operations and standby letters of credit entered into in the normal course of business as described in Note 7 - Commitments and Contingent Liabilities of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other General Income
Other General Income:
Other General Income in fiscal year 2019 consisted of $0.3 million resulting from payments received related to class action lawsuits in which Kimball Electronics was a class member. We recorded no Other General Income during fiscal years 2020 and 2018.
Non-operating Income and Expense
Non-operating Income and Expense:
Non-operating income and expense include the impact of such items as foreign currency rate movements and related derivative gain or loss, fair value adjustments on supplemental employee retirement plan (“SERP”) investments, government subsidies, bank charges, and other miscellaneous non-operating income and expense items that are not directly related to operations. The gain or loss on SERP investments is offset by a change in the SERP liability that is recognized in Selling and Administrative Expense. Non-operating expense in fiscal year 2020 included a $3.8 million final net working capital adjustment recorded after the end of the measurement period of the GES acquisition that was determined through the dispute resolution procedure provided for under the terms of the asset purchase agreement.
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign Currency Translation:
The Company predominantly uses the U.S. dollar and Euro as its functional currencies. Foreign currency assets and liabilities are remeasured into functional currencies at end-of-period exchange rates, except for nonmonetary assets and equity, which are remeasured at historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are remeasured at the weighted average exchange rate during the fiscal year, except for expenses related to nonmonetary assets, which are remeasured at historical exchange rates. Gains and losses from foreign currency remeasurement are reported in Non-operating income or expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
For business units whose functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar, the translation of functional currency statements to U.S. dollar statements uses end-of-period exchange rates for assets and liabilities, weighted average exchange rates for revenue and expenses, and historical rates for equity. The resulting currency translation adjustment is recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), as a component of Share Owners’ Equity
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities:
Derivative financial instruments are recognized on the balance sheet as assets and liabilities and are measured at fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recorded each period in earnings or Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), depending on whether a derivative is designated and effective as part of a hedge transaction, and if it is, the type of hedge transaction. Hedge accounting is utilized when a derivative is expected to be highly effective upon execution and continues to be highly effective over the duration of the hedge transaction. Hedge accounting permits gains and losses on derivative instruments to be deferred in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) and subsequently included in earnings in the periods in which earnings are affected by the hedged item, or when the derivative is determined to be ineffective. We use derivatives primarily for forward purchases of foreign currency to manage exposure to the variability of cash flows, primarily related to the foreign exchange rate risks inherent in forecasted transactions denominated in foreign currency. Cash receipts and cash payments related to derivative instruments are recorded in the same category as the cash flows from the items being hedged on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. See section entitled “New Accounting Standards” below for information on the adoption of new derivative guidance and Note 14 - Derivative Instruments of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on derivative instruments and hedging activities.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Compensation:
As described in Note 10 - Stock Compensation Plans of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company maintains the 2014 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, which allows for the issuance of incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, unrestricted shares, restricted share units, or performance shares and performance units for grant to officers and other key employees, and to members of the Board of Directors who are not employees. The Company also maintains the Kimball Electronics, Inc. Non-Employee Directors Stock Compensation Deferral Plan (the “Deferral Plan”), which allows Non-Employee Directors to elect to defer all, or a portion of, their retainer fees in stock. We recognize the cost resulting from share-based payment transactions using a fair-value-based method. The estimated fair value of outstanding performance shares is based on the stock price at the date of the grant. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized for the portion of the award for which performance targets have been established and is expected to vest. The Company has elected to account for forfeitures by reversing the compensation costs at the time a forfeiture occurs.
New Accounting Standards
New Accounting Standards:
Adopted in Fiscal Year 2020:
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance on leases with subsequent amendments to this new guidance in January 2018, July 2018, and December 2018. The new guidance requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by those leases and requires additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures. Under previous guidance, only capital leases were recognized on the balance sheet. We adopted this standard on July 1, 2019, the beginning of our first quarter of fiscal year 2020, under the modified retrospective method. As allowed by the July 2018 amendment, the Company has not recast the comparative periods.
We elected the “package of practical expedients,” which permits us not to reassess under the new standard our prior conclusions about lease identification, classification, and initial direct costs. We also elected the short-term lease recognition exemption, permitting us not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases with a term of 12 months or less and do not include a purchase option whose exercise is reasonably certain.
Lease assets and liabilities are initially recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term calculated using our estimated incremental borrowing rate, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. The estimated incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest we would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that those options will be exercised.
The adoption resulted in the recognition of $2.6 million of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, primarily for our real estate operating leases, on the adoption date. The adoption did not have a material effect on our results of operations or cash flows. There was no cumulative-effect adjustment to equity. See Note 20 - Leases of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on leases.
In August 2017, the FASB issued guidance on Derivatives and Hedging. The pronouncement expands and refines hedge accounting, aligns the recognition and presentation of the effects of hedging instruments and hedge items in the financial statements, and includes certain targeted improvements to ease the application of current guidance related to the assessment of hedge effectiveness. The Company adopted this during the first quarter of fiscal year 2020 with an immaterial effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance for Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, which simplifies the goodwill impairment test by eliminating the requirement to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with its carrying amount as part of step two of the goodwill impairment test. An entity should perform its goodwill impairment tests by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The guidance is effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption allowed and should be applied on a prospective basis. The Company elected to early adopt this guidance beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020, and applied to its fourth quarter goodwill impairment tests discussed in Note 6 - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.
Not Yet Adopted:
In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance on the Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which replaces the current incurred loss impairment methodology with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and early adoption is permitted. We will adopt this standard effective July 1, 2020, and the adoption will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance on Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement. This new guidance amends the accounting for implementation, setup, and other upfront costs incurred in a cloud computing hosting arrangement. The amendment aligns the requirement for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The amendment also requires companies to expense the capitalized implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract over the term of the hosting arrangement, including options to extend the agreement that is in control of the customer. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The guidance is to be adopted either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. We plan to adopt prospectively effective July 1, 2020, and the adoption of this standard will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued guidance on Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, intended to simplify various aspects related to the accounting for income taxes. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
Short-term Leases [Policy Text Block]
We also elected the short-term lease recognition exemption, permitting us not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases with a term of 12 months or less and do not include a purchase option whose exercise is reasonably certain.
Lessee, Leases [Policy Text Block]
Lease assets and liabilities are initially recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term calculated using our estimated incremental borrowing rate, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. The estimated incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest we would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that those options will be exercised.