UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark one)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 001-36325

NOW INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	46-4191184
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)

7402 North Eldridge Parkway,

Houston, Texas 77041

(Address of principal executive offices)

(281) 823-4700

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01	DNOW	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Small reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

As of October 30, 2019 the registrant had 108,799,779 shares of common stock (excluding 1,333,462 unvested restricted shares), par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

NOW INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I - Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements	3
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2018	3
	Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	4
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	5
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	6
	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	7
	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	27
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	28
Part II - Other Information
Item 6.	Exhibits	29

2

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

NOW INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In millions, except share data)

	September 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	113		$	116
Receivables, net		466			482
Inventories, net		548			602
Prepaid and other current assets		21			19
Total current assets		1,148			1,219
Property, plant and equipment, net		117			106
Deferred income taxes		2			2
Goodwill		320			314
Intangibles, net		133			144
Other assets		70			10
Total assets	$	1,790		$	1,795
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	326		$	329
Accrued liabilities		136			110
Other current liabilities		8			2
Total current liabilities		470			441
Long-term debt		—			132
Long-term operating lease liabilities		36			—
Deferred income taxes		5			6
Other long-term liabilities		12			2
Total liabilities		523			581
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock - par value $0.01; 20 million shares authorized;    no shares issued and outstanding		—			—
Common stock - par value $0.01; 330 million shares authorized;    108,798,362 and 108,426,962 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019    and December 31, 2018, respectively		1			1
Additional paid-in capital		2,045			2,034
Accumulated deficit		(636	)		(678	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(143	)		(143	)
Total stockholders' equity		1,267			1,214
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	1,790		$	1,795

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

3

NOW INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

(In millions, except per share data)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenue	$	751		$	822		$	2,312		$	2,363
Operating expenses:
Cost of products		601			654			1,851			1,890
Warehousing, selling and administrative		136			142			407			422
Operating profit		14			26			54			51
Other expense		(2	)		(4	)		(8	)		(11	)
Income before income taxes		12			22			46			40
Income tax provision		2			2			4			4
Net income	$	10		$	20		$	42		$	36
Earnings per share:
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.09		$	0.18		$	0.38		$	0.33
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.09		$	0.18		$	0.38		$	0.33
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic		109			108			109			108
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, diluted		109			109			109			109

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4

NOW INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)

(In millions)

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018		2019		2018
Net income	$	10		$	20	$	42	$	36
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(11	)		4		—		(15	)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(1	)	$	24	$	42	$	21

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

5

NOW INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(In millions)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	42		$	36
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		30			31
Deferred income taxes		(1	)		(1	)
Stock-based compensation		12			12
Provision for inventory		12			8
Other, net		22			4
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Receivables		18			(143	)
Inventories		45			(21	)
Prepaid and other current assets		(4	)		(5	)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		(26	)		76
Other, net		—			1
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		150			(2	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(7	)		(5	)
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(8	)		—
Other, net		(2	)		2
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(17	)		(3	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings under the revolving credit facility		218			441
Repayments under the revolving credit facility		(350	)		(433	)
Other, net		(4	)		(7	)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		(136	)		1
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents		—			(3	)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(3	)		(7	)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		116			98
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	113		$	91
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Accrued purchases of property, plant and equipment		3			—

  See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

6

NOW INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(In millions)

			Additional			Retained			Accum. Other			Total
	Common		Paid-In			Earnings			Comprehensive			Stockholders’
	Stock		Capital			(Deficit)			Income (Loss)			Equity
December 31, 2017	$	1	$	2,019		$	(730	)	$	(105	)	$	1,185
Net income		—		—			2			—			2
Stock-based compensation		—		4			—			—			4
Other comprehensive income (loss)		—		—			—			1			1
March 31, 2018	$	1	$	2,023		$	(728	)	$	(104	)	$	1,192
Net income		—		—			14			—			14
Stock-based compensation		—		4			—			—			4
Shares withheld for taxes		—		(1	)		—			—			(1	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		—		—			—			(20	)		(20	)
June 30, 2018	$	1	$	2,026		$	(714	)	$	(124	)	$	1,189
Net income		—		—			20			—			20
Stock-based compensation		—		4			—			—			4
Other comprehensive income (loss)		—		—			—			4			4
September 30, 2018	$	1	$	2,030		$	(694	)	$	(120	)	$	1,217
December 31, 2018	$	1	$	2,034		$	(678	)	$	(143	)	$	1,214
Net income		—		—			18			—			18
Stock-based compensation		—		4			—			—			4
Exercise of stock options		—		1			—			—			1
Shares withheld for taxes		—		(2	)		—			—			(2	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		—		—			—			10			10
March 31, 2019	$	1	$	2,037		$	(660	)	$	(133	)	$	1,245
Net income		—		—			14			—			14
Stock-based compensation		—		4			—			—			4
Other comprehensive income (loss)		—		—			—			1			1
June 30, 2019	$	1	$	2,041		$	(646	)	$	(132	)	$	1,264
Net income		—		—			10			—			10
Stock-based compensation		—		4			—			—			4
Other comprehensive income (loss)		—		—			—			(11	)		(11	)
September 30, 2019	$	1	$	2,045		$	(636	)	$	(143	)	$	1,267
See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

7

NOW INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

Nature of Operations

NOW Inc. (“NOW” or the “Company”) is a holding company headquartered in Houston, Texas that was incorporated in Delaware on November 22, 2013. NOW operates primarily under the DistributionNOW and Wilson Export brands. NOW is a global distributor of energy products as well as products for industrial applications through its locations in the U.S., Canada and internationally which are geographically positioned to serve the energy and industrial markets in over 80 countries. NOW’s energy product offerings are used in the oil and gas industry including upstream drilling and completion, exploration and production, midstream infrastructure development and downstream petroleum refining – as well as in other industries, such as chemical processing, power generation and industrial manufacturing operations. The industrial distribution portion of NOW’s business targets a diverse range of manufacturing and other facilities across numerous industries and end markets. NOW also provides supply chain management to drilling contractors, exploration & production operators, midstream operators, downstream energy and industrial manufacturing companies. NOW’s supplier network consists of thousands of vendors in approximately 40 countries.

Basis of Presentation

All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. The unaudited consolidated financial information included in this report has been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and Article 10 of SEC Regulation S-X. The principles for interim financial information do not require the inclusion of all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. Therefore, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, all of which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported and contingent amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassification

Certain amounts in the prior periods presented have been reclassified to conform to the current period financial statement presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on previously reported results of operations.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables and payables approximated fair value because of the relatively short maturity of these instruments. Cash equivalents include only those investments having a maturity date of three months or less at the time of purchase. See Note 12 “Derivative Financial Instruments” for the fair value of derivative financial instruments.

8

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326), which replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to determine credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted as of December 15, 2018, and requires the modified retrospective transition method. The Company has identified trade receivables as the predominant account subject to the scope of this ASU, which are recorded and carried at the original invoice amount less an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company is currently assessing the impact of ASU 2016-13 on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which modified the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for removed or modified disclosures. The Company is currently assessing the impact of ASU 2018-13 on its consolidated financial statements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset for all leases, including operating leases, with a term greater than twelve months in its balance sheets. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Targeted Improvements, which provided entities with an additional (and optional) transition method, allowing an entity to apply the new lease standard at the adoption date and to recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective method allowed under ASU 2018-11. The Company has utilized the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within ASC 842 which, among other things, allows an entity to carry forward its historical lease classifications. The adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the recognition of $66 million of ROU assets, net of $1 million deferred rent, and $67 million of lease liabilities related to leases that were previously not required to be presented in the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 13 “Leases” for additional information.

2. Revenue

The Company’s primary source of revenue is the sale of energy products and an extensive selection of products for industrial applications based upon purchase orders or contracts with customers. The majority of revenue is recognized at a point in time once the Company has determined that the customer has obtained control over the product. Control is typically deemed to have been transferred to the customer when the product is shipped, delivered or picked up by the customer. The Company does not grant extended payment terms. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to government authorities. Shipping and handling costs for product shipments occur prior to the customer obtaining control of the goods and are recorded in cost of products.

The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for products sold. Revenue is recorded at the transaction price net of estimates of variable consideration, which may include product returns, trade discounts and allowances. The Company accrues for variable consideration using the expected value method. Estimates of variable consideration are included in revenue to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur.

See Note 7 “Business Segments” for disaggregation of revenue by reporting segments. The Company believes this disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of firm orders for which work has not been performed on contracts with an original expected duration of more than one year. The Company’s contracts are predominantly short-term in nature with a contract term of one year or less. For those contracts, the Company has utilized the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 exempting the Company from disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations when the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

9

Receivables

Receivables are recorded when the Company has an unconditional right to consideration.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Contract assets primarily consist of retainage amounts held as a form of security by customers until the Company satisfies its remaining performance obligations. As of September 30, 2019, contract assets were approximately $2 million and were included in receivables, net in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company generally accounts for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the entity otherwise would have been recognized is one year or less. These expenses were not material for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Contract liabilities, included in accrued liabilities, primarily consist of deferred revenues recorded when customer payments are received or due in advance of satisfying performance obligations, including amounts which are refundable, and other accrued customer liabilities. Revenue recognition is deferred to a future period until the Company completes its obligations contractually agreed with customers. The increase in contract liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily related to net customer deposits of approximately $20 million, partially offset by approximately $15 million of revenue that was deferred at December 31, 2018.

3. Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment consist of (in millions): 

	Estimated Useful Lives	September 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Information technology assets	1-7 Years	$	46		$	45
Operating equipment (1)	2-15 Years		109			92
Buildings and land (2)	5-35 Years		98			99
Construction in progress			7			—
Total property, plant and equipment			260			236
Less: accumulated depreciation			(143	)		(130	)
Property, plant and equipment, net		$	117		$	106

(1) Includes finance lease right-of-use assets.

(2) Land has an indefinite life.

4. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of (in millions):

	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Compensation and other related expenses	$	37	$	38
Contract liabilities		34		29
Taxes (non-income)		13		14
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		22		—
Other		30		29
Total	$	136	$	110

10

5. Debt

On April 30, 2018, the Company replaced its existing senior secured revolving credit facility and entered into a senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association serving as the administrative agent. The five-year Credit Facility provides for a $750 million global revolving credit facility (with a letter of credit sub-facility of $60 million and a swing line sub-facility of 10% of the facility amount), of which up to $100 million is available for the Company’s Canadian subsidiaries and $40 million for the Company’s UK subsidiaries. The Company has the right, subject to certain conditions, to increase the aggregate principal amount of commitments under the credit facility by $250 million. The obligations under the Credit Facility are secured by substantially all the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Credit Facility contains customary covenants, representations and warranties and events of default. The Company will be required to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.00:1.00 as of the end of each fiscal quarter if excess availability under the Credit Facility falls below the greater of 12.5% of the borrowing base or $60 million.  

Borrowings under the Credit Facility will bear an interest rate at the Company’s option, at (i) the base rate plus an applicable margin based on the Company’s fixed charge coverage ratio (and if applicable, the Company’s leverage ratio); or (ii) the greater of LIBOR for the applicable interest period and zero, plus an applicable margin based on the Company’s fixed charge coverage ratio (and if applicable, the Company’s leverage ratio). The Credit Facility includes a commitment fee on the unused portion of commitments that ranges from 25 to 37.5 basis points. Commitment fees incurred during the period were included in other expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

Availability under the Credit Facility is determined by a borrowing base comprised of eligible receivables and eligible inventory in the U.S and Canada. As of September 30, 2019, the Company had no borrowings against the Credit Facility and approximately $507 million in availability (as defined in the Credit Facility) resulting in the excess availability (as defined in the Credit Facility) of 98% subject to certain limitations. The Company is not obligated to pay back borrowings against the Credit Facility until the expiration date and as such, any outstanding borrowing is classified as long-term debt in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company issued $8 million in letters of credit under the Credit Facility primarily for casualty insurance expiring in July 2020.

6. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows (in millions): 

	Foreign
	Currency
	Translation
	Adjustments
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	(143	)
Other comprehensive income		—
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	(143	)

The Company’s reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. A majority of the Company’s international entities in which there is a substantial investment have the local currency as their functional currency. As a result, foreign currency translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the entities’ financial statements into the reporting currency are reported in other comprehensive income or loss in accordance with ASC Topic 830, “Foreign Currency Matters.”

11

7. Business Segments

Operating results by reportable segment are as follows (in millions):  

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenue:
United States	$	567		$	630		$	1,772		$	1,792
Canada		83			93			243			270
International		101			99			297			301
Total revenue	$	751		$	822		$	2,312		$	2,363
Operating profit:
United States	$	9		$	21		$	44		$	40
Canada		4			5			7			10
International		1			—			3			1
Total operating profit	$	14		$	26		$	54		$	51
Operating profit % of revenue:
United States		1.6	%		3.3	%		2.5	%		2.2	%
Canada		4.8	%		5.4	%		2.9	%		3.7	%
International		1.0	%		0.0	%		1.0	%		0.3	%
Total operating profit %		1.9	%		3.2	%		2.3	%		2.2	%

8. Income Taxes

The effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 were 15.2% and 8.3%, respectively, compared to 11.7% and 10.7%, respectively, for the same periods in 2018. Compared to the U.S. statutory rate, the effective tax rate was impacted by recurring items, such as differing tax rates on income earned in certain foreign jurisdictions, nondeductible expenses, state income taxes and the change in valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. Due to the continuing uncertainty in the Company’s industry, the Company continues to utilize the method of recording income taxes on a year-to-date effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Company will evaluate its use of this method each quarter until such time as a return to the annualized estimated effective tax rate method is deemed appropriate.

The Company is subject to taxation in the United States, various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company has significant operations in the United States and Canada and to a lesser extent in various other international jurisdictions. Tax years that remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions vary by legal entity but are generally open in the U.S. for the tax years ending after 2015 and outside the U.S. for the tax years ending after 2013.

12

9. Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)

For the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, approximately 5 million and approximately 3 million, respectively, of potentially dilutive shares were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share due to their antidilutive effect. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, approximately 4 million and approximately 5 million, respectively, of potentially dilutive shares were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share due to their antidilutive effect.

Basic and diluted earnings per share follows (in millions, except share data): 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income attributable to the Company	$	10	$	20	$	42	$	36
Less: net income attributable to participating securities		—		—		—		(1	)
Net income attributable to the Company's stockholders	$	10	$	20	$	42	$	35
Denominator:
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding		108,796,947		108,402,136		108,702,139		108,252,926
Effect of dilutive securities		337,384		643,371		467,610		313,348
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding		109,134,331		109,045,507		109,169,749		108,566,274
Earnings per share attributable to the Company's stockholders:
Basic	$	0.09	$	0.18	$	0.38	$	0.33
Diluted	$	0.09	$	0.18	$	0.38	$	0.33

Under ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share”, the two-class method requires a portion of net income attributable to the Company to be allocated to participating securities, which are unvested awards of share-based payments with non-forfeitable rights to receive dividends or dividend equivalents, if declared. Net income attributable to these participating securities was excluded from net income attributable to the Company’s stockholders in the numerator of the earnings per share computation.

10. Stock-based Compensation and Outstanding Awards

The Company has a stock-based compensation plan known as the NOW Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). Under the Plan, the Company’s employees are eligible to be granted stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and performance stock awards (“PSAs”).                                                                                                                                    

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company granted 521,157 stock options with a weighted average fair value of $6.02 per share and 256,382 shares of RSAs and RSUs with a weighted average fair value of $14.99 per share. In addition, the Company granted PSAs to senior management employees with potential payouts varying from zero to 331,372 shares. These options vest over a three-year period from the grant date on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award was, in substance, multiple awards. The RSAs and RSUs vest on the first and third anniversary of the date of grant. The PSAs can be earned based on performance against established metrics over a three-year performance period. The PSAs are divided into three independent parts that are subject to separate performance metrics: (i) one-half of the PSAs have a Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) metric, (ii) one-quarter of the PSAs have an EBITDA metric, and (iii) one-quarter of the PSAs have a Return on Capital Employed (“ROCE”) metric.

Performance against the TSR metric is determined by comparing the performance of the Company’s TSR with the TSR performance of designated peer companies for the three-year performance period. Performance against the EBITDA metric is determined by comparing the performance of the Company’s actual EBITDA average for each of the three-years of the performance period against the EBITDA metrics set by the Company’s Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.  Performance against the ROCE metric is determined by comparing the performance of the Company’s actual ROCE average for each of the three-years of the performance period against the ROCE metrics set by the Company’s Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.

Stock-based compensation expense totaled $4 million and $12 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, respectively, in both 2019 and 2018.

13

11. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is involved in various claims, regulatory agency audits and pending or threatened legal actions involving a variety of matters. The Company has also assessed the potential for additional losses above the amounts accrued as well as potential losses for matters that are not probable but are reasonably possible. The total potential loss on these matters cannot be determined; however, in the Company’s opinion, any ultimate liability, to the extent not otherwise recorded or accrued for, will not materially affect the Company’s financial position, cash flow or results of operations. These estimated liabilities are based on the Company’s assessment of the nature of these matters, their progress toward resolution, the advice of legal counsel and outside experts as well as management’s intention and experience.

The Company’s business is affected both directly and indirectly by governmental laws and regulations relating to the oilfield service industry in general, as well as by environmental and safety regulations that specifically apply to the Company’s business. Although the Company has not incurred material costs in connection with its compliance with such laws, there can be no assurance that other developments, such as new environmental laws, regulations and enforcement policies hereunder may not result in additional, presently unquantifiable costs or liabilities to the Company. The Company does not accrue for contingent losses that, in its judgment, are considered to be reasonably possible but not probable. Estimating reasonably possible losses also requires the analysis of multiple possible outcomes that often depend on judgments about potential actions by third parties.

The Company maintains credit arrangements with several banks providing for short-term borrowing capacity, overdraft protection and other bonding requirements. As of September 30, 2019, the Company was contingently liable for approximately $12 million of outstanding standby letters of credit and surety bonds. The Company does not believe, based on historical experience and information currently available, that it is probable that any amounts will be required to be paid.

12. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations. The primary risk managed by using derivative instruments is foreign currency exchange rate risk. The Company has entered into certain financial derivative instruments to manage this risk.

The derivative financial instruments the Company has entered into are forward exchange contracts which have terms of less than one year to economically hedge foreign currency exchange rate risk on recognized non-functional currency monetary accounts. The purpose of the Company’s foreign currency economic hedging activities is to economically hedge the Company’s risk from changes in the fair value of non-functional currency denominated monetary accounts.

The Company records all derivative financial instruments at their fair value in its consolidated balance sheets. None of the derivative financial instruments that the Company holds are designated as either a fair value hedge or cash flow hedge and the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is recorded in earnings. The Company has determined that the fair value of its derivative financial instruments are computed using level 2 inputs (inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability) in the fair value hierarchy as the fair value is based on publicly available foreign exchange rates at each financial reporting date. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the fair value of the Company’s foreign currency forward contracts totaled an asset of less than $1 million in both periods, which is included in prepaid and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets; and totaled a liability of less than $1 million in both periods, which is included in other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded a loss of less than $1 million in both periods related to changes in fair value. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded a gain of less than $1 million and a loss of $1 million, respectively, related to changes in fair value. All gains and losses are included in other expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The notional principal associated with those contracts was $13 million and $20 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

As of September 30, 2019, the Company’s financial instruments do not contain any credit-risk-related or other contingent features that could cause accelerated payments when the Company’s financial instruments are in net liability positions. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

14

13. Leases

The Company leases certain facilities, vehicles and equipment. The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at contract inception and recognizes ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with terms greater than twelve months. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are accounted for as short-term leases and are not recognized in the balance sheet. Operating fixed lease expenses and finance lease depreciation expense are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Variable lease payments which cannot be determined at the lease commencement date, such as reimbursement of lessor expenses, are not included in the ROU assets or lease liabilities.

Many leases include both lease and non-lease components which are primarily related to management services provided by lessors for the underlying assets.  The Company elected the practical expedient to account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for all leases as well as the practical expedient that allows the Company to carry forward the historical lease classifications. For all new and modified leases entered into after the adoption of ASC 842, the Company reassesses the lease classification and lease term on the effective date of modification. Lease term includes renewal periods if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise any renewal options per the lease contract. The Company’s leases do not contain any material residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. The Company subleases certain real estate to third parties; however, this activity is not material.

As most leases do not have readily determinable implicit rates, the Company estimates the incremental borrowing rates based on prevailing financial market conditions, comparable companies and credit analysis and management judgments to determine the present values of its lease payments. The Company also applies the portfolio approach to account for leases with similar terms. As of September 30, 2019, the weighted-average remaining lease terms were approximately 3 years for operating leases and 5 years for finance leases and the weighted-average discount rates were 6.0% for operating leases and 5.5% for finance leases.

Supplemental balance sheet information (in millions):

	Classification	September 30, 2019
Assets
Operating	Other assets	$	60
Finance	Property, plant and equipment, net		14
Total ROU assets		$	74
Liabilities
Current
Operating	Accrued liabilities	$	22
Finance	Other current liabilities		6
Long-term
Operating	Long-term operating lease liabilities		36
Finance	Other long-term liabilities		10
Total lease liabilities		$	74

Components of lease expense (in millions):

	Classification	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Operating lease cost (1)	Warehousing, selling and administrative	$	8	$	24
Finance lease ROU asset depreciation (2)	Warehousing, selling and administrative		1		3
Short-term lease cost	Warehousing, selling and administrative		2		5
Variable lease cost	Warehousing, selling and administrative		1		3

(1) Included in other, net adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

(2) Included in depreciation and amortization in the consolidated statement of cash flows. Interest on finance lease liabilities is less than $1 million.

15

Supplemental cash flow information (in millions):

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	24
Financing cash flows from finance leases (1)		3
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities
Operating		16
Finance		17

(1) Interest payments from finance lease liabilities is less than $1 million.

Maturity of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019 were as follows (in millions):

	Operating Lease			Finance Lease
2019	$	5		$	2
2020		24			6
2021		16			5
2022		10			3
2023		6			—
Thereafter		3			2
Total future lease payments		64			18
Less: interest		(6	)		(2	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	58		$	16

14. Acquisitions

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Company completed two acquisitions for a net purchase price consideration of approximately $8 million cash. These acquisitions expanded NOW’s market in the United States. The Company completed its preliminary valuations as of the acquisition date of the acquired net assets and recognized goodwill of $6 million and intangible assets of $2 million in the United States segment, which are subject to change. The full amount of goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. If additional information is obtained about these assets and liabilities within the measurement period (not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition), the Company will refine its estimate of fair value to allocate the purchase price more accurately. Any such revisions are not expected to be significant. Acquisition-related costs were less than $1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Company has not presented supplemental pro forma information because the acquired operations did not materially impact the Company’s consolidated operating results.

16

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

Some of the information in this document contains, or has incorporated by reference, forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about our beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements typically are identified by use of terms such as “may,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “plan,” “predict,” “estimate,” “will be” or other similar words and phrases, although some forward-looking statements are expressed differently. You should be aware that our actual results could differ materially from results anticipated in the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, changes in oil and gas prices, changes in the energy markets, customer demand for our products, significant changes in the size of our customers, difficulties encountered in integrating mergers and acquisitions, general volatility in the capital markets, changes in applicable government regulations, increased borrowing costs, competition between us and our former parent company, NOV, the triggering of rights and obligations in connection with our spin-off and separation from NOV or any litigation arising out of or related thereto, impairments in goodwill or other intangible assets and worldwide economic activity. You should also consider carefully the statements under “Risk Factors,” as disclosed in our Form 10-K, which address additional factors that could cause our actual results to differ from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. Given these uncertainties, current or prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update any such factors or forward-looking statements to reflect future events or developments.

Company Overview

We are a global distributor to the oil and gas and industrial markets with a legacy of over 150 years. We operate primarily under the DistributionNOW and Wilson Export brands. Through our network of approximately 255 locations and approximately 4,500 employees worldwide, we stock and sell a comprehensive offering of energy products as well as an extensive selection of products for industrial applications. Our energy product offering is consumed throughout all sectors of the oil and gas industry – from upstream drilling and completion, exploration and production, midstream infrastructure development to downstream petroleum refining – as well as in other industries, such as chemical processing, mining, utilities and industrial manufacturing operations. The industrial distribution end markets include manufacturing, aerospace, automotive, refineries and engineering and construction firms. We also provide supply chain and materials management solutions to the same markets where we sell products.

Our global product offering includes consumable maintenance, repair and operating (“MRO”) supplies, pipe, valves, fittings, flanges, gaskets, fasteners, electrical, instrumentation, artificial lift, pumping solutions, valve actuation and modular process, measurement and control equipment. We also offer warehouse and inventory management solutions as part of our supply chain and materials management offering. We have developed expertise in providing application systems, work processes, parts integration, optimization solutions and after-sales support.

Our solutions include outsourcing the functions of procurement, inventory and warehouse management, logistics, point of issue technology, project management, business process and performance metrics reporting. These solutions allow us to leverage the infrastructure of our SAP™ Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) system and other technologies to streamline our customers’ purchasing process, from requisition to procurement to payment, by digitally managing workflow, improving approval routing and providing robust reporting functionality.

We support land and offshore operations for all the major oil and gas producing regions around the world through our network of locations. Our key markets, beyond North America, include Latin America, the North Sea, the Middle East, Asia Pacific and the Former Soviet Union. Products sold through our locations support greenfield expansion upstream capital projects, midstream infrastructure and transmission and MRO consumables used in day-to-day production. We provide downstream energy and industrial products for petroleum refining, chemical processing, LNG terminals, power generation utilities and industrial manufacturing operations and customer on-site locations.

We stock or sell more than 300,000 stock keeping units through our branch network. Our supplier network consists of thousands of vendors in approximately 40 countries. From our operations in over 20 countries we sell to customers operating in approximately 80 countries. The supplies and equipment stocked by each of our branches are customized to meet varied and changing local customer demands. The breadth and scale of our offering enhances our value proposition to our customers, suppliers and shareholders.

17

We employ advanced information technologies, including a common ERP platform across most of our business, to provide complete procurement, materials management and logistics coordination to our customers around the globe. Having a common ERP platform allows immediate visibility into the Company’s inventory assets, operations and financials worldwide, enhancing decision making and efficiency.

Demand for our products is driven primarily by the level of oil and gas drilling, completions, servicing, production, transmission, refining and petrochemical and industrial manufacturing activities. It is also influenced by the global supply and demand for energy, the economy in general and geopolitics. Several factors drive spending, such as investment in energy infrastructure, the North American conventional and shale plays, market expectations of future developments in the oil, natural gas, liquids, refined products, petrochemical, plant maintenance and other industrial, manufacturing and energy sectors.

We have expanded globally, through acquisitions and organic investments, into Australia, Azerbaijan, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, England, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, the Philippines, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Scotland, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Summary of Reportable Segments

We operate through three reportable segments: United States (“U.S.”), Canada and International. The segment data included in our Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) are presented on a basis consistent with our internal management reporting. Segment information appearing in Note 7 “Business Segments” of the notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q) is also presented on this basis.

United States

We have approximately 170 locations in the U.S., which are geographically positioned to best serve the upstream, midstream and downstream energy and industrial markets.

We offer higher value solutions in key product lines in the U.S. which broaden and deepen our customer relationships and related product line value. Examples of these include artificial lift, pumps, valves and valve actuation, process equipment, fluid transfer products, measurement and controls, along with many other products required by our customers, which enable them to focus on their core business while we manage their supply chain. We also provide additional value to our customers through the design, assembly, fabrication and optimization of products and equipment essential to the safe and efficient production, transportation and processing of oil and gas and industrial manufacturing.

Canada

We have a network of approximately 55 locations in the Canadian oilfield, predominantly in the oil rich provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan in Western Canada. Our Canada segment primarily serves the energy exploration, production, mining and drilling business, offering customers many of the same products and value-added solutions that we perform in the U.S. In Canada, we also provide training for, and supervise the installation of, jointed and spoolable composite pipe. This product line is supported by inventory and product and installation expertise to serve our customers.

International

We operate in approximately 20 countries and serve the needs of our international customers from approximately 30 locations outside of the U.S. and Canada, which are strategically located in major oil and gas development areas. Our approach in these markets is similar to our approach in North America, as our customers turn to us to provide inventory and support closer to their drilling and exploration activities. Our long legacy of operating in many international regions, combined with significant expansion into several key markets, provides a competitive advantage as few of our competitors have a presence in most of the global energy producing regions.

18

Basis of Presentation

All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. The unaudited consolidated financial information included in this report has been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and Article 10 of SEC Regulation S-X. The principles for interim financial information do not require the inclusion of all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. Therefore, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of our management, the consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, all of which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Operating Environment Overview

Our results are dependent on, among other factors, the level of worldwide oil and gas drilling and completions, well remediation activity, crude oil and natural gas prices, capital spending by operators, oilfield service companies and contractors and worldwide oil and gas inventory levels. Key industry indicators for the third quarter of 2019 and 2018 and the second quarter of 2019 include the following:

					%					%
					3Q19 v					3Q19 v
	3Q19*		3Q18*		3Q18			2Q19*		2Q19
Active Drilling Rigs:
U.S.		920		1,051		(12.5	%)		989		(7.0	%)
Canada		132		208		(36.5	%)		83		59.0	%
International		1,144		1,003		14.1	%		1,109		3.2	%
Worldwide		2,196		2,262		(2.9	%)		2,181		0.7	%
West Texas Intermediate Crude Prices (per barrel)	$	56.37	$	69.76		(19.2	%)	$	59.78		(5.7	%)
Natural Gas Prices ($/MMBtu)	$	2.38	$	2.93		(18.8	%)	$	2.56		(7.0	%)
Hot-Rolled Coil Prices (steel) ($/short ton)	$	577.09	$	896.15		(35.6	%)	$	661.13		(12.7	%)

* Averages for the quarters indicated. See sources on following page.

19

The following table details the U.S., Canadian and international rig activity and West Texas Intermediate oil prices for the past nine quarters ended September 30, 2019:

Sources: Rig count: Baker Hughes, Inc. (www.bakerhughes.com); Effective June 2019, the Baker Hughes International Rig Count now includes the number of active drilling rigs in the country of Ukraine and the historical periods will not be updated; West Texas Intermediate Crude and Natural Gas Prices: Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (www.eia.doe.gov); Hot-Rolled Coil Prices: SteelBenchmarker™ Hot Roll Coil USA (www.steelbenchmarker.com)

The worldwide quarterly average rig count increased 0.7% (from 2,181 rigs to 2,196 rigs) and the U.S. declined 7.0% (from 989 rigs to 920 rigs) in the third quarter of 2019 compared to the second quarter of 2019. The average price per barrel of West Texas Intermediate Crude declined 5.7% (from $59.78 per barrel to $56.37 per barrel) and natural gas prices declined 7.0% (from $2.56 per MMBtu to $2.38 per MMBtu) in the third quarter of 2019 compared to the second quarter of 2019. The average price per short ton of Hot-Rolled Coil declined 12.7% (from $661.13 per short ton to $577.09 per short ton) in the third quarter of 2019 compared to the second quarter of 2019.

U.S. rig count at October 18, 2019 was 851 rigs, down 69 rigs compared to the third quarter of 2019 average of 920 rigs. The price for West Texas Intermediate Crude was $53.75 per barrel at October 18, 2019, down 4.6% from the third quarter average of 2019. The price for natural gas was $2.08 per MMBtu at October 18, 2019, down 12.6% from the third quarter average of 2019. The price for Hot-Rolled Coil was $517.00 per short ton at October 14, 2019, down 10.4% from the third quarter average of 2019.

20

Executive Summary

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company generated net income of $10 million and $42 million on $751 million and $2,312 million in revenue, respectively. Revenue decreased $71 million or 8.6%, and decreased $51 million or 2.2%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, when compared to the corresponding periods of 2018. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, net income declined $10 million and increased $6 million, respectively, when compared to the corresponding periods of 2018.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company generated an operating profit of $14 million or 1.9% of revenue, and $54 million or 2.3% of revenue, compared to $26 million or 3.2% of revenue, and $51 million or 2.2% of revenue, respectively, for the corresponding periods of 2018.

Outlook

Our outlook for the Company remains tied to global rig count and oil and gas spending, particularly in North America. Oil prices and U.S. oil storage levels are primary catalysts determining U.S. rig activity.

Activity should fluctuate as the industry addresses the vagaries of an over- or under-supplied market. Oil price volatility creates uncertainty around global exploration and production activity, with many customers still adjusting their budgets for the remainder of the year.

We will continue to advance our strategic goals and manage the Company based on market conditions. We will persist in optimizing our operations, scaling up or down to market activity as appropriate. We believe that our management history, paired with our resources and low capital expenditure requirements, enable us to maximize new opportunities.

21

Results of Operations

Operating results by reportable segment are as follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenue:
United States	$	567		$	630		$	1,772		$	1,792
Canada		83			93			243			270
International		101			99			297			301
Total revenue	$	751		$	822		$	2,312		$	2,363
Operating profit:
United States	$	9		$	21		$	44		$	40
Canada		4			5			7			10
International		1			—			3			1
Total operating profit	$	14		$	26		$	54		$	51
Operating profit % of revenue:
United States		1.6	%		3.3	%		2.5	%		2.2	%
Canada		4.8	%		5.4	%		2.9	%		3.7	%
International		1.0	%		0.0	%		1.0	%		0.3	%
Total operating profit %		1.9	%		3.2	%		2.3	%		2.2	%

United States

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, revenue was $567 million and $1,772 million, a decline of $63 million or 10.0% and $20 million or 1.1%, respectively, when compared to the corresponding periods of 2018. The decreases in the periods were primarily driven by the decline in U.S. rig counts.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the U.S. generated an operating profit of $9 million or 1.6% of revenue and $44 million or 2.5% of revenue, respectively, a decline of $12 million and an increase of $4 million, respectively, when compared to the corresponding periods of 2018. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, operating profit was down due to a decline in revenue discussed above, partially offset by reduced operating expenses. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, operating profit increased primarily due to improved gross margins and a reduction in operating expenses.

Canada

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, revenue was $83 million and $243 million, a decline of $10 million or 10.8% and $27 million or 10.0%, respectively, when compared to the corresponding periods of 2018. The decreases in the periods were primarily driven by a decline in Canadian rig count, coupled with unfavorable foreign exchange rate impacts.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, Canada generated an operating profit of $4 million or 4.8% of revenue and $7 million or 2.9% of revenue, respectively, a decline of $1 million and $3 million, respectively, when compared to the corresponding periods of 2018. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, operating profit declined due to a decrease in volume discussed above, coupled with lower gross margins, partially offset by reduced operating expenses.

22

International

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, revenue was $101 million and $297 million, an increase of $2 million or 2.0% and a decline of $4 million or 1.3%, respectively, when compared to the corresponding periods of 2018. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the increase was driven by an increase in project activity, offset by an unfavorable foreign exchange rate impact. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the decrease was driven by an unfavorable foreign exchange rate impact. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, our international segment revenue was unfavorably impacted by approximately $3 million and $11 million, respectively, due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates over the prior year.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the international segment generated an operating profit of $1 million or 1.0% of revenue and $3 million or 1.0% of revenue, respectively, an increase of $1 million and an increase of $2 million, respectively, when compared to the corresponding periods of 2018. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, operating profit increased due to the increase in revenue discussed above, coupled with a decline in operating expenses. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, operating profit improved due to reduced bad debt charges in the period, partially offset by increased inventory charges.

Cost of products

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, cost of products was $601 million and $1,851 million, respectively, compared to $654 million and $1,890 million, respectively, for the corresponding periods in 2018. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the decreases were primarily due to lower revenue in the periods. Cost of products includes the cost of inventory sold and related items, such as vendor consideration, inventory allowances, amortization of intangibles and inbound and outbound freight.

Warehousing, selling and administrative

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, warehousing, selling and administrative expenses were $136 million and $407 million, respectively, compared to $142 million and $422 million, respectively, for the corresponding periods of 2018. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, operating expenses declined due to reduced bad debt charges and improved operating efficiencies. Warehousing, selling and administrative expenses include general corporate expenses, depreciation and branch, distribution center and regional expenses (including costs such as compensation, benefits and rent).

Other expense

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, other expense was $2 million and $8 million, respectively, compared to $4 million and $11 million, respectively, for the corresponding periods of 2018. These charges were mainly attributable to interest and bank charges associated with the credit facility.

Income tax provision

The effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 were 15.2% and 8.3%, respectively, compared to 11.7% and 10.7%, respectively, for the same periods in 2018. Compared to the U.S. statutory rate, the effective tax rate was impacted by recurring items, such as differing tax rates on income earned in certain foreign jurisdictions, nondeductible expenses, state income taxes and the change in valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets.

23

Non-GAAP Financial Measure and Reconciliation

In an effort to provide investors with additional information regarding our results as determined by GAAP, we disclose a non-GAAP financial measure in our quarterly earnings press releases and other public disclosures. The primary non-GAAP financial measure we focus on is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, excluding other costs (“EBITDA excluding other costs”). This financial measure excludes the impact of certain amounts as further identified below and has not been calculated in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to its most comparable GAAP financial measure is included below.

We use this non-GAAP financial measure internally to evaluate and manage the Company’s operations because we believe it provides useful supplemental information regarding the Company’s ongoing economic performance. We have chosen to provide this information to investors to enable them to perform more meaningful comparisons of operating results.

The following table sets forth the reconciliation of EBITDA excluding other costs to its most comparable GAAP financial measure (in millions):

EBITDA excluding other costs

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
GAAP net income (1)	$	10		$	20		$	42		$	36
Interest, net		1			2			4			6
Income tax provision		2			2			4			4
Depreciation and amortization		10			9			30			31
Other costs (2)		1			—			2			1
EBITDA excluding other costs	$	24		$	33		$	82		$	78
EBITDA % excluding other costs (3)		3.2	%		4.0	%		3.5	%		3.3	%

⁽¹⁾ We believe that net income is the financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP that is most directly comparable to EBITDA excluding other costs. EBITDA excluding other costs measures the Company’s operating performance without regard to certain expenses. EBITDA excluding other costs is not a presentation made in accordance with GAAP and our computation of EBITDA excluding other costs may vary from others in the industry. EBITDA excluding other costs has important limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Company’s results as reported under GAAP.

⁽²⁾ Other costs includes the transaction costs associated with acquisition activity and severance expenses which are included in operating profit.

⁽³⁾ EBITDA % excluding other costs is defined as EBITDA excluding other costs divided by Revenue.

24

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We assess liquidity in terms of our ability to generate cash to fund operating, investing and financing activities. We expect to remain in a strong financial position, with resources expected to be available to reinvest in existing businesses, strategic acquisitions and capital expenditures to meet short- and long-term objectives. We believe that cash on hand, cash generated from expected results of operations and amounts available under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to fund operations, anticipated working capital needs and other cash requirements, including capital expenditures.

As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $113 million and $116 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2019, approximately $76 million of our cash and cash equivalents were maintained in the accounts of our various foreign subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2018, the Company was no longer indefinitely reinvested with regard to its pre-2018 earnings in Canada and the United Kingdom. Associated taxes have been previously provided and future repatriation of these earnings will not result in additional income tax expense or foreign withholding taxes due to the Company’s available tax attributes. During the first nine months of 2019, we repatriated $38 million from our Canadian operations. No additional income taxes have been provided for other foreign earnings as these amounts continue to be indefinitely reinvested.  The Company makes a determination each period concerning its intent and ability to indefinitely reinvest the cash held by its foreign subsidiaries. Future changes to our indefinite reinvestment assertion could result in additional U.S. federal and state taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax credits) and withholding taxes payable in various foreign jurisdictions, where applicable.

As of September 30, 2019, the Company had no borrowings against its revolving credit facility and had approximately $507 million in availability (as defined in the Credit Facility) resulting in the excess availability (as defined in the Credit Facility) of 98%, subject to certain limitations. The Credit Facility contains usual and customary affirmative and negative covenants for credit facilities of this type including financial covenants. As of September 30, 2019, we were in compliance with all covenants. We continuously monitor compliance with debt covenants. A default, if not waived or amended, would prevent us from taking certain actions, such as incurring additional debt.

The following table summarizes our net cash flows provided by or used in operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the periods presented (in millions):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	150		$	(2	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(17	)		(3	)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		(136	)		1

Operating Activities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, net cash provided by operating activities was $150 million compared to $2 million used in the corresponding period of 2018. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, net cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by $42 million of net income, plus $75 million of reconciling adjustments that includes $30 million of depreciation and amortization and decreases of $45 million and $18 million in inventories and receivables, respectively, partially offset by a decrease of $26 million in accounts payable and accrued liabilities.

Investing Activities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, net cash used in investing activities was $17 million compared to $3 million for the corresponding period of 2018. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company used $8 million in cash to fund acquisitions during the period (net of cash acquired). Purchases of property, plant and equipment were $7 million in the period.

Financing Activities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, net cash used in financing activities was $136 million compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $1 million for the corresponding period of 2018. The activity in the period was primarily attributed to the Company making repayments in excess of borrowings against the revolving credit facility.

25

Other

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the effect of the change in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents was nil compared to a decrease of $3 million for the corresponding period of 2018.

We intend to pursue additional acquisition candidates, but the timing, size or success of any acquisition effort and the related potential capital commitments cannot be determined with certainty. We continue to expect to fund future acquisitions primarily with cash flows from operations and borrowings, including the undrawn portion of the Credit Facility or new debt issuances, but may also issue additional equity either directly or in connection with acquisitions. There can be no assurance that additional financing for acquisitions will be available at terms acceptable to us.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

For a discussion of the critical accounting policies and estimates that we use in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.  In preparing the financial statements, we make assumptions, estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported. We periodically evaluate our estimates and judgments that are most critical in nature which are related to allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves, goodwill, purchase price allocation of acquisitions, vendor consideration and income taxes. Our estimates are based on historical experience and on our future expectations that we believe are reasonable. The combination of these factors forms the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from our current estimates and those differences may be material.

Generally accepted accounting principles require us to test goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually (performed in the fourth quarter) or more frequently whenever events or circumstances occur indicating that goodwill or other indefinite-lived intangible assets might be impaired. Adverse market conditions could result in the recognition of impairment if we determine that the fair values of its reporting units have fallen below their carrying values. Events or circumstances which could require interim testing include (but are not limited to) a significant reduction in worldwide oil and gas prices or drilling; a significant reduction in profitability or cash flow of oil and gas companies or contractors; a significant reduction in worldwide well remediation activity; a significant reduction in capital investment by other oilfield service companies; or a significant increase in worldwide inventories of oil or gas.

26

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The Company is exposed to certain market risks that are inherent in our financial instruments and arise from changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. The Company may enter into derivative financial instrument transactions to manage or reduce market risk but does not enter into derivative financial instrument transactions for speculative purposes. The Company does not currently have any material outstanding derivative instruments. See Note 12 “Derivative Financial Instruments” to the consolidated financial statements.

A discussion of our primary market risk exposure in financial instruments is presented below.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

The Company has operations in foreign countries and transacts business globally in multiple currencies. Its net assets, revenue, costs and expenses, denominated in foreign currencies, expose the Company to the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar. Because we operate globally and approximately one-fourth of the Company’s revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was outside the United States, foreign currency exchange rates can impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations and competitive position. The Company is a net receiver of foreign currencies and therefore benefits from a weakening of the U.S. dollar and is adversely affected by a strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to the foreign currency. As of September 30, 2019, the most significant foreign currency exposure was to the Canadian dollar and the British pound with less significant foreign currency exposures to the Australian dollar, Kazakhstan tenge, Mexican peso and Norwegian kroner.

The financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated into their U.S. dollar equivalents at end-of-period exchange rates for assets and liabilities, while revenue, costs and expenses are translated at average monthly exchange rates. Translation gains and losses are components of other comprehensive income (loss) as reported in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company realized a net foreign currency translation gain totaling less than $1 million, which was included in other comprehensive income (loss).

Foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations generally do not materially affect our earnings since the functional currency is typically the local currency; however, our operations also have net assets not denominated in their functional currency, which exposes us to changes in foreign currency exchange rates that impact our earnings as foreign currency transaction gains and losses. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses arising from fluctuations in currency exchange rates on transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations as a component of other expense. For the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, the Company reported foreign currency transaction losses of $1 million and $1 million, respectively. Gains and losses are primarily due to exchange rate fluctuations related to monetary asset balances denominated in currencies other than the functional currency and fair value adjustments to economically hedged positions as a result of changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Some of the revenue for our foreign operations are denominated in U.S. dollars, and therefore, changes in foreign currency exchange rates impact earnings to the extent that costs associated with those U.S. dollar revenues are denominated in the local currency. Similarly, some of our revenue for our foreign operations are denominated in foreign currencies, but have associated U.S. dollar costs, which also give rise to foreign currency exchange rate exposure. In order to mitigate those risks, we may utilize foreign currency forward contracts to better match the currency of the revenues and the associated costs. Although we may utilize foreign currency forward contracts to economically hedge certain foreign currency denominated balances or transactions, we do not currently hedge the net investments in our foreign operations. The counterparties to our forward contracts are major financial institutions. The credit ratings and concentration of risk of these financial institutions are monitored by us on a continuing basis. In the event that the counterparties fail to meet the terms of a foreign currency contract, our exposure is limited to the foreign currency rate differential.

The average foreign exchange rate for the first nine months of 2019, compared to the average for the same period in 2018, decreased by approximately 4% compared to the U.S. dollar based on the aggregated weighted average revenue of our foreign-currency denominated foreign operations. The Australian dollar, the British pound, the Canadian dollar, Kazakhstan tenge, Mexican peso and Norwegian kroner decreased in relation to the U.S. dollar by approximately 8%, 6%, 3%, 12%, 1% and 8%, respectively.

We utilized a sensitivity analysis to measure the potential impact on earnings based on a hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency rates. A 10% change from the levels experienced during the first nine months of 2019 of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies that affected the Company would have resulted in an approximately $1 million change in net income for the same period.

27

Commodity Steel Pricing

Our business is sensitive to steel prices, which can impact our product pricing, with steel tubular prices generally having the highest degree of sensitivity. While we cannot predict steel prices, we mitigate this risk by managing our inventory levels, including maintaining sufficient quantity on hand to meet demand, while limiting the risk of overstocking.

Interest Rates

We are subject to interest rate risk with our revolving credit facility. The Credit Facility requires us to pay interest on outstanding borrowings at variable rates. Each one percentage point change in interest rates associated with the facility would result in a less than $1 million change in our quarterly cash interest expense based on the long-term debt balance at September 30, 2019.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this report at a reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

28

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 6. Exhibits

(a) Exhibits

Exhibit No.	Exhibit Description
2.1	Separation and Distribution Agreement between National Oilwell Varco, Inc. and NOW Inc. dated May 29, 2014 (1)
3.1	NOW Inc. Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (1)
3.2	NOW Inc. Amended and Restated Bylaws (1)
10.1	Tax Matters Agreement between National Oilwell Varco, Inc. and NOW Inc. dated May 29, 2014 (1)
10.2	Employee Matters Agreement between National Oilwell Varco, Inc. and NOW Inc. dated May 29, 2014 (1)
10.3	Master Distributor Agreement between National Oilwell Varco, L.P. and DNOW L.P. dated May 29, 2014 (1)
10.4	Master Service Agreement between National Oilwell Varco, L.P. and DNOW L.P. dated May 29, 2014 (1)
10.5	Form of Employment Agreement for Executive Officers (1)
10.6	NOW Inc. 2014 Incentive Compensation Plan (2)
10.7	Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (6 year cliff vest) (3)
10.8	Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (4)
10.9	Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (3 year cliff vest) (4)
10.10	Form of Performance Award Agreement (4)
10.11	Form of Amendment to Employment Agreement for Executive Officers (5)
10.12	Credit Agreement dated as of April 30, 2018, among the Borrowers, the lenders party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as administrative agent, an issuing lender and swing lender (6)
31.1	Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14a and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act, as amended
31.2	Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14a and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act, as amended
32.1	Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2	Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

⁽¹⁾ Filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 30, 2014

⁽²⁾ Filed as an Exhibit to our Amendment No.1 to Form 10, as amended, Registration Statement filed on April 8, 2014

⁽³⁾ Filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 19, 2014

⁽⁴⁾ Filed as an Exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 7, 2015

⁽⁵⁾ Filed as an Exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 2, 2016

⁽⁶⁾ Filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 1, 2018

We hereby undertake, pursuant to Regulation S-K, Item 601(b), paragraph (4) (iii), to furnish to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, all constituent instruments defining the rights of holders of our long-term debt not filed herewith.

29

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: November 6, 2019 

By:	/s/ David A. Cherechinsky
	David A. Cherechinsky
	Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

30